Thank you. So, welcome to the retitled shootout at the pass corral, or shootout at the pass even, could be. Before we get started here, we'll be filtering in, how many people right now are running PostgresQL on a public cloud? It's most of our audience. Okay, wait, out of those people, how many people are running on AWS? How many people are running it on a different public cloud? Okay. Well, I knew that AWS had industry dominance. So, this should get retitled because I was able to do more cloud testing before this talk, and we'll be covering a few additional cloud options for you. For some of the stuff, first, this is a work in progress. Some of our stuff is on GitHub. I need to get the sort of data loading and that sort of thing on there, but this is the project that we're working through for this big cloud testing effort. I want to actually give thanks to my collaborator here, who is not able to fly out from New Zealand in order to join me for presentations, but Ruben Rubio Ray of manageacloud.com, who has been running a lot of the testing. I also want to thank Heroku and AWS for helping with some of the tests and giving us technical information when we were getting some weird test results. So, before we get started on some of the tests, first of all, what is the cloud? A lot of people use clouds. I don't really understand, but I find that at least among our clients, a lot of people use various public clouds. I don't have any really clear idea how they work. As far as they're concerned, they're, well, magic. But cloud hosting is not magic.  Right? You've got those things.  And those things are not fundamentally different from other things that happened before, although they are, they make deployment and management substantially different. So, the good things about putting your postcards in a public cloud are fast deployment. As most people know, fast deployment, easy scale out by adding replicas or moving to larger instances. And the ability, and this is the critical thing for at least a lot of the people in the industry I deal with, the ability to minimize the number of ops staff that you have to have in order to run the same infrastructure, particularly eliminating a lot of the management of hardware that used to be a big part of running, say, a web business. The other big advantage is that when you're just getting started or you're just starting a project, it's pretty cheap to host stuff in a public cloud. Now, there's a disadvantage there because as you need to use large amounts of resources, hosting stuff in a public cloud starts to become a lot more expensive than even owning your own hardware. And that's how things, that's how hosting, that's how cloud hosting makes such a good business because the profitability in the high end is much better than the profitability in the low end. Now there are some other drawbacks to having Postgres in a public cloud. Number one, system resources on cloud instances are not equal to even the same specified system resources on real hardware and what's available is much narrower. I mean, up until like a couple of years ago, for example, the largest, the most cores you could get out of an Amazon cloud instance was seven or eight, I remember it was seven or eight, one of the other, whereas it was hard to actually buy your own hardware with less than 32 cores. The other big issue is an additional exposure of attack surfaces in terms of your security vulnerability because now attackers can come out not only through the regular means but they can try to come at you via the cloud framework, either by exploiting it or exploiting taking advantage of that same ease of management for ease of attack as code spaces found out the hard way last year. This was a startup that did not protect their Amazon login credentials adequately, got held hostage by an attacker, handled it badly and got wiped out completely. They don't exist as a company anymore. Now, that's the bad. The ugly is that everything is shared on a public cloud. You are sharing your space in the public cloud with thousands to millions of other users, including network and IO and storage and CPU, which means that your performance is dependent on someone else's peak load. Or, as I put it another way, sharing is not caring. The final thing to think about in terms of hosting Postgres in the cloud is that cloud instances are meant to be ephemeral, right? They burn up, they go away, things happen, spin up another instance and this means that a lot of things that in on-premises hosting you might put off need to be done up front on the cloud in terms of having a serious DR plan with multiple kinds of redundancy. Because you pretty much have to plan, I mean it was always the case with even regular hardware, right? You have to kind of plan for this to fail, etc., but you put in good rate and that's more of an eventual consideration. If you're hosting stuff in a public cloud, pretty much assume that whatever you're building could disappear tomorrow or five minutes from now and for that reason you should be prepared for that to happen. So, now from the other side of this thing, because I've done this speaking to a few people who are more on the cloud side of things, the database side of things, is why should we be interested in Postgres on the cloud from a testing perspective? And the answer is that transactional databases, as far as I know, are pretty much unique in workloads in working out all of the different parts of a system, right? We use CPUs, we use RAM, we do IO, we do network IO, and we do it all at the same time. And one thing database geeks have been good at in terms of database engines for a while is working out ways to 100% utilize all system resources because there's never enough throughput. So, having sort of set up, you know, what we're, you know, the interest in the cloud and why we're sort of starting on this benchmark route. I want to introduce you to a few clouds that we're going to be talking about. We've got, actually, in this presentation today, we're covering six public clouds. Rackspace, RDS, DigitalOcean, EC2, Google Compute Engine, and Heroku. Now people say, wait a minute, the seven guys there. So, I will tell you who the seventh is near the end of the presentation. But, let's get started on describing some of these. So, the first we're going to start with the three clouds that are actually all kind of different versions of Amazon Web Services. We've got the straight up EC2 option, our Gunslinger, Roll Your Own, and EC2. We've got RDS, who I've assigned to the Rancher, and we've got the Dandy, which is Heroku, in terms of our cloud. So, there are actually other options on AWS. Mark cornered me and asked me, please don't forget that we have a cloud. I haven't actually done any testing on the Enterprise DB thing, mostly because I didn't expect it to have different performance characteristics than the other options, but I might be doing that in the future. Now, these all three AWS options share certain characteristics, you know, in terms of advantages, disadvantages together. One is, you have access to a comprehensive API that covers everything you would want to do with that. Like, you're never actually required to log in to the web screen, etc. You can control everything about those clouds in code. And that can be a little different from some of the other public clouds, where you discover certain functions and features, certain management operations that require logging into the vendor's web interface and doing things in a point and clicky way, which is not really good for any kind of automated operation or deployment. The other thing is that because of relying on the AWS backbone, you have global distribution with 11 data centers around the world, something like that, you know, making it available all over. And then the other big thing about going with one of the AWS-based clouds is that you have all of the other Amazon services available if you want them for part of building an application, which is a truly colossal number of services. None of the other competing, you know, completely separate backbone clouds have anywhere near this variety of stuff in terms of caching stuff and routing and DNS controllers and special security things and deployment automation and all of these other widgets that can make it faster to build an application instead of writing your own software for that. So that's your sort of the antiges, regardless of which one of the AWS clouds that you choose, you have all of that stuff available. So let's now go with the basic and this was the only option for Postgres on a public cloud for quite a while, which was roll your own on AWS EC2, right? Let's go ahead and put together our own thing. And it's still, I would guess, probably the numerically most common option because so, you know, because people know how to do it. It's really simple. All you do is create an EC2 instance, install PostgresQL on it, configure PostgresQL, and you can run. Now, here's I've tried to give a little sort of profile of the different clouds in terms of what's available. So here's our profile for roll your own an EC2. We're on a platform as a service cloud. And any administration is is up to you any HA is up to you. There are tools available through the other Amazon stuff. But, but you have to put them together. But versions, extensions, extra versions and extensions are anything you want to install. You know, if you really have some reason to download Postgres 7.4 and run in a public cloud, not that I would recommend that, because there are many known security holes in a version that old, you can do it. And any extension you want, regardless of what permissions it needs, you can do it. There are no additional features to this cloud beyond what AWS offers in general. There's no special cloud features for this. And, you know, your general cost is going to be pretty cheap.   But it's still the case kind of in terms of databases that that Amazon divides stuff into these different sort of classes. General purpose is good for most kinds of Postgres databases. If you have some reason you have a really CPU intensive workload, you might want to do commute optimize. Most of the time I end up with the memory optimized in order to maximize data caching. And then if you're going to do data warehousing, you might go with one of the i-series ones. The big thing about this is that this will go over latency and shared storage. This is true even if you run your own shared storage is much higher than latency and local storage. And for that reason, being able to cache your whole database or at least your working set in memory on the cloud instance becomes more critical on a public cloud than it would be in on-prem stuff. And so if you're choosing where to spend your money, getting enough RAM to cache the entire database is a really good strategy on any public cloud, certainly in AWS. Now, AWS offers a number of storage options. The one that we use for pretty much all production database servers is EBS plus provisioned IOPS. There's a new option in this area, the GP2 option, which is not available the time I was doing the testing. Expect that the next time I give this in April, that will be included in the test results and on my blog. And the reason for that is that EBS plus provisioned IOPS gives you some guarantees of durability and guarantees of consistent throughput. Now, the general SSD option can be really good for bursting stuff. But at least with the first generation GP stuff, you were a lot more influenced by shared peak usage from other people who are accessing the same storage. And so the throughput would be fairly variable. And also, if your database workload is not bursty, you'd see performance dropping off. There's another GP2 stuff, which Grant talked about yesterday. And so you get that from his talk even on the slides if you weren't in it. Now, one of the things you can do to get higher performance is to actually use instant storage. Some of the higher end instances come with a significant amount of local SSD storage, which much lower latency than block storage. The disadvantage to this is that it is fundamentally riskier in terms of data loss. There are a number of different things that can happen in AWS in terms of unplanned restarts. We don't actually lose the incentive just restarts unplanned that can cause data corruption on local instant storage. And you don't have some of the snapshotting tools for doing things like binary backups that can be really useful for data redundancy for using local instant storage. So this is a lot more of a practical option for, say, a replica than it might be for your masternode. Another important thing to keep in mind is that provisioned IOPS is not the same thing as throughput. You know, is that Amazon is guaranteeing a certain number of, is guaranteeing a certain number of IO operations per second. And actually have done a fantastic job of delivering exactly that within a couple, you know, within like five, 10%. But IOPS are limited to 8k, which is actually convenient for Postgres, no? 32k, okay. So, but one of the things that I've noticed in some of these patterns, which has caused, required us to have really increases on IOPS, is that certain kinds of operations the database engine will do, such as a straight up index scan results in having an IOP for every row of the data that it's looking up, if the data is fairly sparsely distributed. And so for that particular operation, then your Pryops limit becomes the number of rows per second. So 10,000 IOPS or 1000 IOPS sounds reasonably fast, 1000 rows per second, if you're trying to scan a million rows is not very fast. So think about that in terms of configuration, and in terms of actually getting the throughput that you want. As I mentioned, you need to set up redundancy of several kinds. I'd recommend that we always, anytime we deploy, we always set up both continuous backup and replicas. You need to monitor, for instance, failure.  So using SSL becomes not an option but a necessity. So having said all that sort of setup, we decided to pick two instance sizes to test performance on comparatively. One is our small instance size. So this is the M3 medium one core, almost four gigabytes of RAM size with 40 gigabytes of storage with 1000 provisioned IOPS. You know, this was picked as in, this is the sort of instance we would deploy for somebody who has a PostgreSQL server that is an important part of their application, but is not particularly high performance. And they're looking to save money. And then we had a sort of large performance instance, and this is a bit higher performance. This is not as high end as we would get, but we had a sort of limited budget for doing the testing. So I needed to pick an instance size that was reasonably high end, but that we could afford to deploy many of to do the testing. And so that was the R3 double extra large, eight cores, 60 gigabytes of RAM, 200 gigabytes, 4000 provisioned IOPS. That's a large instance. And so the instance sizes that we picked on other clouds were based on trying to match this particular profile. We also figured out an important thing is figuring out cost performance ratios. And so this is the cost calculations that we have. Fortunately, this cost calculations already out of date. Amazon has had pricing updates and that sort of thing. So I'll be redoing these cost calculations sometime soon because they no longer apply to the current costs that are available. And so this is the sort of full redundancy, the update in terms of new storage options available. Another thing that you can do if downtime is not that critical for you, you just don't want to avoid losing data, is that you can run an instance and you're really looking to save money. You can run an instance that's just doing continuous backup to S3 and ignore the whole application issue. And that would be your sort of cheapest option. The higher instance is a little bit more expensive. The again, you know, looking for updates. So I second one, the relational database service, Amazon Postgres RDS, we've got the whole crew here. And this is for people who say, Hey, I really like Amazon Web Services, but I don't really want to deal with all of this management of Postgres stuff. And I would like someone to do it for me. So this is what's otherwise known as DBAs or databases of service. You don't deal with the OS, you don't deal with system configuration, you're just effectively getting port 5432 and some API based configuration management interfaces. The advantage of this is something they call SEDBA, which is somebody else is the DBA. So you in theory don't need DBA support and in practice you need some. But certainly in terms of basic things like uptime, backups are automated. Some of the configuration is automated updates are automated. And for small development shops where they have a couple of DevOps, they want to manage everything that's going to be a really good option. The disadvantage of databases of service is that it limits the options that you have with Postgres. Only specific versions are available. Only certain a limited list of extensions are available. Some of the configuration parameters you're not allowed to change, particularly security configuration tends to be fairly locked down in terms of what they support and what they don't support. Other configuration may or may not be available. And of course it costs more because you're paying somebody else to be your DBA, at least part of the time. And that person has to be paid. So looking at that for the profile, so this is our databases service cloud. Administration is mostly automatic. And I say mostly automatic is that, like I said, backup some things, other issues, other things, not so automated. There's a couple of different HA options on RDS. One is that you can run replicas like you would on EC2. And the other is they have this thing called multi-availability zone, which I'll talk about in a second. Versions currently available are 93 and 94. There's a list of about two dozen extensions that they have available that are pretty clear and you can use those. We can't use anything else. There's no particular bonus features for the cloud itself. And the price point on this is moderate. So you mentioned multi-availability zone. So this is Amazon's automated failover uptime guarantee sort of thing. It's synchronous replication to another node with automated failover and DNS redirection. It's a good way for guaranteed uptime. There is, as you'll see when I do the ratings, major performance overhead associated with this because we are talking about a form of synchronous replication that operates, as I understand it, on the file system level. So third Amazon cloud are Dandy, Heroku. This is for people who say I just want to develop. The cloud should handle everything for me automatically. This is our sort of extreme point of databases service management of I really want, I want to have port five, four, three, two, and I want someone else's job to be to worry about everything else. So this is another database, database of service cloud. Administration is fully automated as a matter of you can't really do any administration of your own even if you wanted to. HA is a combination of replication and point-in-time recovery with automation around it and a set of different options for the level of uptime guarantee that you want. The versions that are available currently 9394, Heroku also tends to put Postgres beta's up there for the users to test. Again, there's about two dozen extensions that are pretty clear that you can install. There's several extra cloud features and the pricing is on the high side compared to other options. So I want to mention some of those extra cloud features. One is one of the big things that people get out of Heroku is this get base. A get and Rails rate based instance management, including management of the database that works really well with continuous integration development shops, agile shops. They've also added a couple of unique features that own data clips are basically sort of web-sharable materialized views. They're really awesome if you have to share little snippets of data with your customers or other people in your team. And they've simplified our replication model through this sort of follower thing, making it much, much easier and conceptually easier for developers, for web developers to understand, having replicas for Postgres stuff. Now the biggest piece of dandy-bling is this, which is when I started my testing and I launched the first two large Heroku instances, in 24 hours I got an email from a Heroku staff member asking if I needed any help with anything. This is not something I got in any other cloud, no matter how much of a bill I ran up. So that is mainly, so when we go later on into pricing and you see Heroku's pricing, you can understand this is part of what you're paying for. So Heroku options are a lot more limited, five database sizes, three levels of HA uptime, and that's it, 15 possibilities. So the two Heroku sizes that we chose for this, the standard two, which is 3.5 gigabytes of RAM and shared hosting, and the standard six, which is 60 gigabytes of RAM, gives you a dedicated instance. And those were two options for testing. So again, what you're saying, we're trying to keep a comparable set of instances here. Now let's move on to some of the non-Amazon based stuff. So Rackspace, Rackspace is a cloud, they're a hosting company, of course they have a cloud. And the main reason for people to be in Rackspace seems to be this, which is, I have servers at Rackspace already and I want to expand to a cloud. We've got a bunch of clients who are doing basically the main advantage of the Rackspace system, which is what they call hybrid hosting, where you have some racked servers and some cloud servers. This is again, we're back to platform as a service, it's not database as a service. Administration is mostly DIY, although they have a bunch of managed infrastructure options, which at least involve management on the OS level if they don't involve helping you manage the database. Any HA for the database that you have is do-it-yourself. There are some Rackspace cloud tools that you can use as building blocks for this in terms of DNS and availability tools, but you have to set up yourself. Since you're installing this yourself, any version, any extension, the extras is this hybrid cloud option. And again, our price is back to a moderate level. Now, I just say they have some support options. One of these things that Rackspace has done, their big slogan is fanatical support and a support component is required with your cloud server purchase. It's added on a per hour basis. It gets cheaper the more cloud instances you have because they're sort of pooling it together. And you can bump this up to higher levels of support from Rackspace. But they won't actually help you with Postgres because they're not staffed for that. They'll help you with everything around Linux, et cetera, and their Linux people are top-notch. But in terms of helping you with Postgres, they're going to be that's not covered. Now, one of things about Rackspace storage is that, well, Rackspace has an external block store. They really push you towards instance storage. And actually on these smaller cloud instances, the block store is not even available as an option. And I don't know if Rackspace instance storage carries the same risks that AWS instance storage does. I don't have enough information for that. But this is going to be important when you see the performance figures because on the smaller instance, we had to use instance storage, which changes the performance profile of the Rackspace servers. Sizing here, so these are the instances we're using on Rackspace, General 1.4 and Memory 1.60 for the small and the large instances respectively. Now, I assigned Google Compute Engine to the Drifter, not because I feel that Google is particularly near to well, but because they're a bit of a latecomer to this party and they seem to be entering the market with the intention of being the cheapest option. They're not actually, but the cheapest option among the big players. So, you know, hence the Drifter. And this seems to be the main reason to use GCE, right, is you like the general concept of AWS and EC2, and you want to take advantage of Google's lowball pricing and lots and lots of free credits. Again, this is platform as a service, at least as far as Postgres is concerned. Administration, HA, do it yourself. Version is available, anything you want. The one sort of cloud extra is that they have built in a fair amount of Docker integration. For anybody who does Docker, anybody here do Docker stuff? So, they've built in a fair amount of Docker integration, which is something that's still coming soon on most of the other clouds. And the price is cheap. So, these are two instances, and one standard one and one high mem 8, again reasonably comparable to the other ones. Now, our final of the six that we're going to talk about here is the KID DigitalOcean. DigitalOcean is a kid in both in sort of size and orientation and in attitude, which you'd know if you've seen any of their advertisements. They're really catering to 25-year-old developers in terms of who they advertise to, and I think that's kind of appropriate. The main reason to use it seems to be I want something that's cheap, simple, and fast, and I don't want any other stuff. So, this platform is a service again, like the other ones. They're no extras, they're almost no cloud, meaningful cloud services of any kind available on DigitalOcean in terms of anything that would help you build stuff out, but the pricing is ridiculously cheap. Like as in, I look at that pricing and I'm like, how long is it going to be before they burn through all their VC money? Because that's got to be measured in months at this point. The other problem with the KID is that the kid tends to get himself shot up a lot. There's no block store available in DigitalOcean at all. Everything is a femoral instant storage. The nodes are basically completely non-durable from my perspective. I wouldn't trust anything there to be up longer. There's no storage cloud, there's nothing, there's no S3 equivalent for backups either, and no available HA features from the cloud. So you're completely on your own on the DigitalOcean end of things. So this is the sizing. DigitalOcean was the one we had the hardest time picking instances that matched the sizes of the other clouds because their instant sizing is very different and they have a very limited menu of instant sizes available. So we had to go with an instance on the small end that had two rather than one core and on the large instances that had more cores but slightly less RAM. This is not exactly matching up. There are other clouds which I will get to testing as I have time. That would include EDB Postgres Plus I mentioned, Red Hat OpenShift Joint which actually is it's a little it's a different kind of a cloud but it has some nice options for Postgres. Azure. I've had people from Microsoft emailing me so they want Azure included in this and sure why not. So time for some performance figures. So the experiment we did so far which involves mainly PG Bench. How many people here have used PG Bench? People know PG Bench right? So there's some advantages of PG Bench and the reason why we started with it. Chips with Postgres, Micro Benchmark, really fast set up and tear down compared to other benchmarks which is really important when you are on an automated basis starting up a bunch of instances, running a benchmark, collecting stats, shutting them down and then running the next one and having to pay for all this. So some disadvantages though. PG Bench's access pattern is fairly narrow. You're basically doing random single row lookups and updates which doesn't match a lot of people's real workloads. It's very reliant on single row write latency and it's not very tunable. As a matter of fact when we started doing the benchmarks we actually had two different profiles on the non-DVAS clouds. One of a configured Postgres and one of an unconfigured Postgres. And on the small instances that made no difference at all because of PG Bench's access pattern. As a matter of fact sometimes the configured instance was slower. So you won't actually be seeing the configured versus unconfigured in the initial results for that reason. But we went in with it and we said okay what we'll do with PG Bench is we'll actually do three different sort of sizes. One is the in-memory read write where you have a database is about half the size of RAM and you're doing write transactions on it. The second is with the same database do a read-only workload of read-only queries and the third is generate a database which is larger than RAM, 150 to 200 percent the size of RAM and do write transactions because we expected the different clouds to perform differently on these different workloads and actually they did. You can look at the slides later this is the actual setup that we used for these. So now from these we're trying to get two different metrics. One is obviously PG Bench's standard output which is TPS transactions per second. The other thing that we recorded was load time because it is the one of the thing we can get out of PG Bench. This is for the amount of time for generating the regular database and for at least some of my clients the consideration of how long does it take to load to do a whole bunch of inserts into this database. Straightup inserts into the database is actually significant characteristic because we have some clients that are doing that. You know better to have two metrics than one. Some other conditions this was all Postgres 9.3 because that was the version that was available across all of the various clouds that we were using. Unfortunately OS's could not be made consistent. We initially were going to try to do it on all Centos and we couldn't do that on one of the clouds for reasons and so it's actually a mix of Centos 7 and Ubuntu 14.04 which is regrettable but there wasn't a way around it without spending a whole lot of time. And PG Bench was but one of the other things we did is that by the way you know for each of these either pairs right so we're doing the large instance we have a large instance running PG Bench and a large instance with the Postgres database server because you know the we didn't want to do it all on the same machine because network IO is important for real-world performance and then of course we had to run all of these things a whole bunch of times and the reason we had to run a whole bunch of times well let me show you a box plot not that kind of box plot this kind of box plot box plot is something you do in statistics right we're looking at distribution of data and this is actually distribution of data from I think this is the read-only test on EC2 from our first set of runs and you can see that there's a fair amount of difference between the slowest run and the fastest run there's a lot of difference between the slowest run and the fastest run actually for a multiply right because if you take it from the median the slowest run was a third the speed of the median and the fastest run was four times the speed of the median so this is one of the first important things we learn in the cloud is I always knew that instance performance was variable but doing a whole set of benchmarks really shows you how variable it is it's really variable but given that level of variability it was important for us to throw out outliers except noting where we had abnormal numbers of outliers in terms of performance so in the case of load time where smaller load time is better I'll be giving you statistics for the median and the 90% level of load time and by 90% I mean 90% of databases will load in this time or less and for the for TPS we'll be giving you the median and the 10% as in you know 90% of servers were faster than this so here's here's our benchmarks and and by the way and again I'm going to note this I caution people multiple times there are comparability problems between some of these you'll see is rack space talk about rack space and digital ocean do not have the same I we don't think they have the same durability guarantees for my own as the other clouds do which changes performance the well I'm providing a cha option with all of these it's not necessarily automated a cha in all cases in a lot of cases I'm just saying this is what it looks like with a replica instance size are not identical in instance OS is are not identical so do some of your own comparisons the most important caution is this is a work in progress we're doing ongoing testing we learn new things through doing the performance testing and we revise the performance tests but we did discover some interesting things so talk about cost that is a little more fixes public it changes all the times I know all the the Amazon costs already out of date I believe since I've made the slide the but here's our cost for in the small node for an each instance version on each instance and these are the for three of the clouds these are reasonably close and this is by the way per month reasonably close to comparable the now two of them are not digital ocean and Google Compute Engine you know like what the hell is going on here why this so cheap you know and we believe you know and I talked to actually an analyst about this news analysts we believe that both these clouds are operating below cost in an effort to gain market share so the these are really cheap right now don't necessarily expect them to be really cheap a year from now now large nodes we actually see a lot more differentiation particularly whoops particularly Haroku charges a lot more for their large nodes mostly because they expect to do a lot more support direct support of large known customers and so they charge a lot more for that and we get a little bit more differentiation with the databases of service clouds on the high end now first performance metric load time so this is our small in memory databases the smallest database about a gigabyte and a half we're doing you know these straight-up inserts into memory shorter bars are better so the now you'll see actually a couple of things from this one of them right here is this is you see the big effect of having of loading into instance storage versus loading into remote block storage the eye because the latency is lower and the PG bench loads things be inserts not be a copy so latency per rose a significant metric and so these end up being a lot faster with lower durability guarantee if we actually use instant storage on EC2 we actually see a similar profile to see later on now the other thing that we have here is we have slow loading on RDS which is something I contacted Grant and his team about and we figured out that what was actually going on here was a difference in how stuff was configured in terms of storage which is a bunch of these you know heroku with RDS with my EC2 configuration we are we have archiving turned on but archiving is going to a different with my configuration with EC2 and heroku DC we've archiving turned on but archiving is going to a separate volume with RDS the archiving gets countered against your general allocation of IOPS so if you look at it another way we actually have slightly more IOPS available on the other ones and in a load test that makes a huge difference the so so we could actually configure the RDS for higher IOPS but that would also increase the cost so you can sort of do the trade here yeah other client was an EC2 instance the of the of the appropriate size yes and in the same in the same region when we know in the same region in the same availability zone when we could determine that with heroku we can't really determine what availability zone things are in and so we just had to sort of guess the so now next size database about 7 gigabytes you know for the small instance and so we're getting a little bit larger and we have the opportunity to fill up all of memory and this changes and one of the things we actually see that changes a lot is that Google Compute Engine actually gets a lot slower once you fill up memory and I don't know exactly what they're doing in their architecture but but we actually see that in a lot of the other places now one of the other things that we'll see well actually I'll talk about this when we get to TPS because the heroku small instance is sort of interesting let's move up to the next size database which is a large in memory database and so then this is loading how big do we make this about 20 gigabytes database size on a much larger instance and the interesting thing that we see here is that the archiving becomes much less of an impact on the RDS instances relative to the size of the database and then only thing we're seeing here is I mentioned that there's a heavy performance penalty to using the multi-availability zone synchronous replication you can see here the difference between the reason why I have two sets of bars for RDS versus RDS multi-availability zone is because the performance profile is very different and you see that Google may have optimized something else but they don't seem to be optimizing IEL for just raw IEL. Now one of the interesting things to do here is to actually do a cost comparison here is to say based on that estimated cost per month let's compare how much does it cost me to load one megabyte per second and you get sort of dramatic profile we have our sort of newcomers who are underpricing things that are really cheap we have rack space that looks relatively cheap because of the instant storage issue and then we have RDS and Heroku which are regular and then because of our penalty and loads for the multi-availability zone RDS multi-availability zone is relatively expensive large in memory looking fairly similar here except that the Heroku pricing goes way up so let's get some actually transaction processing here this is the small in-memory read-write test so doing 15 minutes of PG bench read-write in terms of transactions per second here and I have an interesting sort of distribution and this is actually an interesting place where so we've got a couple things going on here a digital ocean and rack space again latency dominated the instant storage kind of pulling ahead there I for a couple of interesting things here we see actually we get really good performance in the Heroku small instance and I dug some into this I contact some of the Heroku people the Heroku small instances unlike the large instances are actually on shared Amazon instances where they've distributed multiple Postgres instances running on the same shared Amazon instance so that means that if I'm going to slam one of those I really have a great opportunity to be a bad neighbor and overutilize other people's resources and so I can actually get a lot more performance than I'm paying for out of a Heroku small instance for that reason the in-memory read only is a little bit different I was actually expecting Heroku to do a lot better on this given that configuration we actually encountered from Heroku on this was a lot more variability than we were expecting and I think this has to do with the bad neighbor problem is that here I was hitting you know despite the test I hit a significant number of occasions on which someone else was being my bad neighbor the and you know EC2 RDS more or less equivalent Google performing a lot better here and this really applies to me with the Google cloud as you might be implied by Google Compute Engine they've done a lot to optimize CPU and RAM usage even though they seem to be ignoring IO performance the now I wait where do you do small and disc read write oh no this on disc read write small so again when we get bigger than memory what's our performance like and you can see the difference Google Compute Engine drops and we've got you know rack space digital ocean taking off because of instant storage speeds and some of the rest so I'm a little behind so then let's look at the large instance and large instance we get a very different sort of performance profile one of the interesting things that we actually saw here in the large instance is we're getting some kind of throttling on the Google Compute Engine or rack space and other stuff that we did with those two indicated that there was some kind of throttling present it's not anything that they expressly do that's like in their docks or terms of service but it's clearly happening because of the sort of ceiling that we hit at 500 and I think it's maybe IO throttling you know you can sort of see for the rest of this we got really good and for the similar performance off of RDS and Heroku on the large instances the EC2 instance is getting a higher degree of variability across because you can see the difference between the 10% in the median here a digital ocean kind of all over the place read only was a lot more stable at a much higher level was actually interesting how much the large read only was almost the same across all the clouds in this case the reason why our rack space is ahead is that their large instance has more cores the and then the one other thing that we got actually off of this and I want to rerun some of the tests is on the multi-availability zone instance in the read-only test we kept having instances stall which was interesting they would just stop responding for like 10 30 seconds and and that really killed the throughput on enough runs to show up on the 10% level large on disk and here's where the throttling comes in we couldn't run the large on this test on Google Compute Engineer Rack Space the data load never completed before we hit our four-hour timeout with test runs so here we've got you know our transactions per second again we're seeing a lot more equivalent performance actually across clouds at the size which is interesting I again I've got some price calculations in here which can see in the slides I actually have a lot more graphs than this which I'll be posting on my blog but let's actually finish up here because I'm running out of time now I did say that there was a seventh ombre here that we're that I didn't mention and that is running what I call running with scissors mode which I've talked about before and they have running with scissors mode is you disable all of Postgres' durability guarantees and you disable cloud durability guarantees by running doing things like running an instant storage etc and then you run tests and so adding the scissors mode we can actually get a higher level performance than we have this now I was actually going over these initial results with Andres early on the hackers lounge and he pointed out some stuff that I hadn't done in the configuration so I think I can actually make this much higher than it is the which we will be testing the future so what's ahead for the set of benchmarks well number one actually want to get a more complete benchmark working this is probably going to be DVD store because Jignesh has packaged that up for Docker so that I can actually use it and deploy it reasonably the I would kind of like something that's a little bit more webby with a much higher mixture of reads like say 10 percent writes 90 percent reads I may need to write that myself because it doesn't seem to be anything out there I really want a graph geek to collaborate with me in this because my skills at generating graphs suck and I really don't want to spend a lot of time learning I Python so that I can actually get different graphs out of this so if any of you are a graphing geek and you're really interested in this project please jump on with this and help me generate some better visualizations so here's all of my contact information and I think we have we have a minute two minutes for questions not on EC2 do you have checksums turned on oh okay see there we go why didn't you mention that earlier when I was doing the data load test that would have made that would that makes a substantial difference okay the yeah the problem is that this is just constantly leading to more tests that I need to do the yes well so manage the manage a cloud footed the bill for a bunch of us by the way so what they do is they actually offer a tool that knows all of the cloud API so that you can have a single deployment process for the different clouds which was invaluable to me in doing this so I don't know it was a few thousand dollars your your employer paid for the Heroku tests oh you're not oh okay Heroku paid for the Heroku test the so the so but the others you know there we paid for the Amazon time I don't know what Amazon what was our Amazon bill last month in order of magnitude okay also wasn't bad I mean see the nice thing about this is even though we're running lots of instances mostly look the small instances you know total elaps testing time and this is why I liked using PG bench would be 30 minutes right they're all by the hour one of the reasons why I hadn't done line out for example is that line out doesn't really like doing by the hour I and for that reason they'd be prohibitively expensive to test anyone else okay one more and then where he raises hand first and then we're done I kind of think for most applications I can imagine network latency would kill you for that I can't the question was whether or not people would want to have sort of multi different cloud provider applications and it's hard for me to imagine the application where that would make sense from a performance standpoint because of the the sort of inner data center inner network latency that would that would be an issue oh and also paying for the data transfer costs as well which are substantial the one of the things I actually did learn through this by the way is that the vendor that has the highest data transfer cost is rack space which I had not been expecting I they make it very easy to pay 10 times as much in data transfer costs you're paying for hosting so and that's something to consider for real applications anyway I think we're done I'm happy to answer more questions outside the room where the next speaker sets up so thank you


friends welcome to my channel I'm Arpita Karva and in this video I'm going to talk about another age in the history of English literature. Last video we discussed the age that was named as the Jacobian age named after the main king who was ruling during that period. His name was James I. Now we are moving forward and looking at the Caroline age. Caroline age again is named after the king who was ruling in this period and his name was Charles the first. Now Charles the first was the successor of James the first. James the first first son died so the second son Charles the first took the throne in 1625 and he was the only king in the entire history of Britain who was beheaded a king who was beheaded can you believe it and now you would be wondering that okay what was the reason why this king was beheaded and it is very important for you to understand the reason before we move on and look at the literature produced during this period because literature as we all know is extremely influenced by the socio-political condition of a country. So let us first look at the political background a little bit and then we are going to look at the literature produced. So Charles the first was a king who was always in continuous battle with the people of England. So the normal people of England they followed Protestantism. In England there are two religions one is Catholics and one are Protestants. Now all like all countries these two sects don't like each other they are always fighting with each other. The fundamental English Protestants are also known as Puritans so please don't get confused. We have Catholics and Protestants. Protestants can also be known as Puritans. There's a slight difference but that is not very important at this point. What you need to basically understand are these two sects and England at that time when Charles the first was ruling was filled with Protestants people. So Protestants was the main religion you would say of the country and this king Charles the first decided that he is going to marry a Catholic princess. Now everybody was shocked because they thought that if a Catholic princess comes to our nation the next ruler will be a Catholic and then all the Protestants would be executed. So they were extremely angry with the king. So the first reason why people who upset with Charles the first was religion. Second Charles the first was a very very brutal king. Earlier in England ship tax was you know given by the coastal states. So basically it was a tax that was used in order to take care of the navy. So in order to keep the navy in place, sustain them, give them food they have to take a tax from only the coastal states and that tax was known as the ship money or ship tax. Charles the first said that no matter where you belong in Britain everyone has to pay ship tax. People again got upset that why people living in the plains have to pay the ship tax. They are not even using the navy but Charles the first said that no matter what navy is protecting you so you have to pay ship tax. So second reason was money that upset the people and the third reason was the tyranny of Charles the first. Charles the first was so much against the people of the Britain as well as the parliamentary people. All these MPs and MLAs that we have in India very similar to that there were parliamentarians who were there in the parliament of UK and this man Charles the first was against these people because parliament were not liking Charles the first. So Charles the first's supporters they were called royalist and opposite to royalist we have parliamentarians. So royalist and parliamentarian again these people were in constant battle with one another. So what this man Charles the first did was that he asked that the parliament cannot meet the regular meetings of the parliament that happened every year he restricted those meetings for 11 years. Can you believe for 11 years Charles the first was ruling like a dictator like a tyrant and people were so upset that this man is ruling the entire country without listening to the MPs MLAs that people have elected that we don't want this man and finally there was a civil war that started and Charles the first was beheaded. Now as far as the civil war and the interregnum period is concerned we are going to talk about it in the next video when we are going to look at the civil war and interregnum period but for now just remember the kind of conflicts that were happening in England during the Caroline age. Now that we have discussed the political condition of Britain during the Caroline period it is time to look at the major literary works produced in this period. If we talk about poetry then there are two major kinds of poetry that was produced during this period one was religious poetry more or less you could say that comes under the heading of metaphysical poetry because religion was a very very important theme when we look at the metaphysical poets. Now the second kind of poetry is the poetry that we know today as the Cavalier poetry or poetry written by the Cavalier poets. Now who are these Cavalier poets? Cavalier poets are the poets who were the courtians that means who were living in the court and they were supporters of Charles the first. So these people were courtmen and these poets they were actually talking about romantic love, sensual love in their poetry very different from how metaphysical poets were writing. So if you look at the themes of metaphysical poets then you would say that these were moral codes they were talking about moral codes they were talking about science they were talking about religion they were talking about spirituality on the opposite hand we have Cavalier poets they were talking about living for the moment you know YOLO that means you live only once you just have to seize the day. Carpe diem the most famous term that a lot of literature students love to use as their Instagram bio. Carpe diem actually comes from the Cavalier poets one very very simple meaning of Carpe diem can be seized the day you just make the best use of the day you live all the pleasures that is possible and you just live freely without any foundation without thinking about what is right what is wrong. So you can see how different are metaphysical poets and the Cavalier poets. Also what you need to understand a very important fact which very few people know Cavalier poets were influenced by Ben Johnson and they were so deeply influenced that Cavalier poets are known as son of Ben's that means Ben Johnson ko itna imitate karthe ki aisa lattai ki unhi ke bete hai. So that is the reason why they are called as son of Ben and this was a question that was asked in net exam so you must know that the Cavalier poets are also known as son of Ben. Now there are some very very famous lines from Cavalier poetry which i would like to discuss next and i would also appreciate if you guys can go and watch this amazing movie Dead Poet Society because if you watch that movie you will come across all these lines that i'm going to talk about next because all these lines are so close to the heart of English professors this movie is really really wonderful any person who is studying literature must watch it it is filled with literary references the students and the teacher the professor there they talk so much about Shakespeare Wordsworth and a lot of Cavalier poets so make sure you watch that movie and use the quarantine time okay so now that i'm talking about Cavalier poets and famous lines i cannot stop but talk about my favorite poet and he is Robert Herrick so there's this very beautiful poem written by him to the versions make much of the time now this poem is basically an address that you know Herrick is making to all these versions out there and he's saying that you know just forget all your moral codes just forget whether it's right or wrong to make love before marriage but just indulge in the affair of love so that you can feel and enjoy this moment and there's this beautiful line that you would also find Robin Williams saying in Dead Poet Society next in line is Thomas Carrier who has written an elegy for John Dunn so he was very very inspired by John Dunn and he loved John Dunn so when Dunn died he actually wrote an elegy talking about how he would now have nobody to look up to and he has no inspiration now that John Dunn has died and next in line is one of the most amazing poets who has a little bit of history connected to prison his name is Richard Lovelace now this man was sent to prison again and again why because he was a supporter of Charles the First and whenever Charles the First had a battle with the people of England he was captured and thrown into the prison for the of every time why because people hated him just because he was a favorite of Charles the First so from prison he used to write and one very great poetry that he has written is to Althea from prison where there's this beautiful lines that stone walls does not make a prison just like iron bars does not make a cage beautiful line and beautiful poem so if you have time just make sure that you google these beautiful poetries and read them once to get a flavor and tinge of cavalier poetry now those of you who are thinking that Alpata has spoken so much about the poetry is written in the caroline period when is she going to talk about the dramas i am so sorry to disappoint you because i would not be talking about dramas in detail because not a lot of dramas were written during this period this period saw a sharp decline in the quality of dramas and right after this period when we are going to enter into the civil war and interregnum period you will see that in 1642 an act was passed by the parliament which stated that no theater activities is going to take place so theaters were banned were closed down from 1642 so you can see that Britain being a country which produced great plays like Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, King Lear actually saw a period where no great plays were written but that is how it is because protestants as i mentioned were really orthodox in their religious views and they thought that theater and literary activities corrupt the mind of people and take them away from religion and that is the reason why people were absolutely against theatrical activities in this particular period though i would just like to mention two dramatist and one work written by each so that you can just get a hint about this period's drama one of them is John Ford now uh John Ford is somebody who has written a drama called it is a pretty she's a war and then we have James Shillay who has written a comedy named Hyde Park so these were the two dramatists who wrote specifically during the caroline period during the ring of Charles I so with that note i would like to take your leave i have got detailed lectures about each and every writer poet dramatist prose writer which is important from UDC net point of view all of these writers from English literature are covered in detail in my online course the details are the same you can get on the number displayed there you can either call us or whatsapp us or you can connect with us on social media platforms we are there on instagram telegram and facebook apart from that if you have any other questions and queries related to literature or UGC net in general make sure you put that in the comments below and i'm going to definitely address those queries in my next video so that's it from my side for this lecture i'll meet you very soon in the next lecture till the time i meet next happy learning keep loving literature and stay tuned to arpitaakarwa.com


Yo, yo, what's happening, fellas? Welcome back to the channel. Welcome to my kitchen. As you guys can see, we are not in my studio today, because, uh, I'm getting lazy. Okay, so I want to kill two birds in one stone. I'm gonna make dinner, and then I'm gonna answer your guys' question. I'm sorry if the audio's kind of iffy. You know, there's no soundproofing in here. It's just, you know, where I cook. I asked you guys on Instagram to submit a question. Thank you guys for submitting your questions. Thank you guys for following me and getting me to 50k. And if you guys haven't already, follow me on Instagram at FlavageOnIntie in case I ever do this again. You can answer your question, okay? I might try and answer as many questions as I can. Also, welcome to Cooking with Johnny, but this is not that type of show. Maybe another channel. Who knows? Quick question as well.  I don't know. If you guys have any ideas, I do have an old channel. My OG, OG viewers. There's only about 500 of them. I'll link it down below if you guys want to subscribe. I will be posting on that channel sometime soon. So I just want to know what you guys want to see. It's not gonna be fashion related at all. It's gonna be a totally separate channel. So let me know what you guys want to see. But let's get into these questions. As you guys can see, I have a ton of freaking questions to answer. There's a lot of overlap, but we will try and tackle as many of those as we can. Okay. Thank you for answering the question. What have you been doing during quarantine? So surprisingly, and I'm very fortunate to have this type of lifestyle. My life hasn't really changed all that much other than not being able to go to the gym. Even then, I've always worked out at home. They used to work out at home for like two years straight. My life hasn't really changed completely. I've just been making YouTube videos and helping my, you know, my family out. I've been watching more movies. That's about it. Okay. Next question. Top three dream sneakers to add to your collection. Definitely, of course, the Red Octobers. Honestly, probably the Akron and Prestos, the Olive Colorway. And one of the Off-White Ones as well. I don't know which one. Probably those three sneakers. That's just off the top of my head. I'm probably, I'd probably switch one of those out for something else that I can't think of right now. How much money do you make monthly? And is YouTube your main job? So YouTube is my main job. And I'll tell you guys right now, it's not that much.  If I got a college degree, I'd be making a lot more money than I am right now. But luckily, I live in Albuquerque, New Mexico right now, my hometown. So it's a lot cheaper to live here. But yeah, it's just, you know, slightly above minimum wage. So there you go. For all my Viet viewers out there, we're making BBH, not Big Booty H. It's Bo Ma Hue. I'm not Vietnamese, but my family is from Vietnam. They were born and raised there, but my bloodline is Chinese. Sharpen the knife while I answer a question. Best tip to save slash make money in high school. Okay, well to save money, maybe stop going out with your friends. I know like the thing is to be cool and like high school and all that, but don't spend your money on clothes. Like don't spend so much money on clothes, like designer stuff or any of that stuff. Supreme, off-white. If you just learn the basics of like color blocking, proportions, sizing, all that good stuff and you just go to H&M, Goodwill, you know, Savers, all that good places, Buffalo Exchange, get some nice vintage clothing or just cheap clothing from H&M in general and learn how to style it. What kicks do you recommend for the summer? If I just keep it simple, white vans. Linette racers or trainers. Yeah, honestly, just stick with white vans. Low-top white vans can't beat that. What are your thoughts on calisthenics? Okay, when I first started training, I did calisthenics initially. It's just basically body weight training, right? So I did push-ups, pull-ups, dips and all that. I bought gymnastic rings, which I still have and I still use currently and a pull-up bar and there you go. You can do gymnastic ring dips and a ton of people can't even do that. So that's already going to push you. If you want more resistance, just grab a backpack with some books in it. You know, I'm using my college textbooks. They're finally getting used well because at school it was not very useful. Spent $800, UNM, one semester. Anyways, you can use your textbooks as resistance. Put it in your backpack, do weighted pull-ups, weighted dips, solid workout. But honestly, the swallows people, they go to the gym. Planet Fitness is only $10. You can ask your mama to pay for that. If you're old enough, why not? Otherwise, yeah, you could do it, body weight training, but you are limited to what you can do. Do you have toilet paper? Of course. Do you like hanging out with other Asian people? Asking as Asian guy, I personally don't prefer. For the most part, I do hang out with mostly Asian people, but that's because I grew up with them or, you know, it's like one of those things. I know my African-American friends, like one time I went to eat hot pot with one of my African-American friends. You saw another fellow brother and they just nodded at each other. It's like one of those things, you know? But yeah, I have a lot of, you know, non-Asian friends. So I still, and I still hang out with them too.  Favorite sneaker. I don't really have one. It's probably always going to change, but currently in my sneaker collection, it's the Union ones because there's a lot of history and story behind it. You guys watch my sneaker collection video? Check that out. Okay. So now we got the shallots that we're going to dice as well. How to start a YouTube channel and make it grow. Okay. Now is the time to do it. I know a lot of people, they've been saying, Oh, I don't have time to do this blah, blah, blah, blah, blah. Johnny, how do I find the time? You got the time now. 99% of us have the time now. Except for healthcare workers.  She's studying Chinese now. She's studying how to draw. There's no excuses guys. You got time. The only advice I have is to start making content. If you watch my original videos, horrible, horrible videos. These are not the V1s or V2s, but it's all good. You're going to get better at just making content in general. Pick a genre, start making content about that genre and just stick with it.  You got to like accept that this is going to take minimum three years to take off. So are you willing to wait three years? Are you willing to put in the work for three years? If not, probably shouldn't do YouTube.  It's going to take two years. No, it's not. So yeah, just make content. That's all.  I would just pick tapered cargoes. Why are you called fly with Johnny Ty when you don't make vacation videos? That's potentially the second channel. Okay. Let's link in the description. It's called fly with Johnny Ty because I'm trying to get you all fly. Okay. The original channel name was get fly with Johnny Ty, but that was just too long. So play off my last name, Ty. So fly, Ty, they, you know, they rhyme. Maybe I'll change it to just Johnny Ty. I don't know, but it's more playful and fun for fly with Johnny Ty. God, this shell is so annoying. I spent like three questions on this already. Now we got, what do you think about super skinny jeans for men? Nope, nope, nope, nope, nope, nope, nope. I'm not opposed to skinny jeans. I actually love them. I've been wearing skinny jeans since I was, since like 2006, when it was, you know, pretty popular in the skater community. They were never super like, jagging type of skinny jeans. Skinny jeans, I'm fine. If they're black, you can go slightly tighter, but light denim. They should not be hugging your legs. Uh-uh. No, no go. That's a no go. How do you give yourself a haircut? That's an upcoming video. If you guys want to see it, let me know. Smash that like button for the YouTube algorithm, God, to bless the channel with love. What made you move back to Oba-Kirky? Well, I decided to go full-time on YouTube, and there was no way I was going to do that in New York City. No freaking way. As you guys heard, I barely make minimum wage. So that was not going to happen in New York City. No way. No way, Jose. And I wish I was able to stay in New York City. This is like my favorite city in the whole entire world. Sometimes you got to do what you got to do for your career, and that's what I'm doing. This is like a little pit stop before we move back. And then also, just kick it with the family again. What's your reasons to work out for fun, health, aesthetics, etc.? Honestly, I hate working out. I really don't like working out. I just do it because it's more of like a habit now. I mean, there's more fun things to do than work out. So, but some people actually like it. There's no, no hate in that.  And it's like, it helps, it helped me build confidence. That's really it. Have you considered getting a buzz slash crew cut? It would be an easier haircut to do, but I have not thought about it. And I don't think I would do that. I say that just peel off that top layer with an extra layer underneath and just not deal with it. It's not worth the trouble if you guys ever cook. Next question. What are the best jeans for spring? Of course, light wash denim, distressed denim. What else is there?  I'm not going to let the heat stop me. Would you make a series experimenting with different looks slash styles? Maybe eventually when more, more, more of that bread comes in because right now I just buy what I like for the videos and that's really what you should do anyways. But I'd love to experiment. There are so many dudes out there on YouTube that dress way better than me and I would love to, you know, try and learn from them and all that good stuff. Maybe pick some, some, some of their aesthetics up. What's the best basic cheek tees? Super, super cheap.  When and why did you start getting into fashion? So I've always kind of just like slight, slightly been into it when playing, you know, GTA skate one, two and three. Make EA skate again. I never got like super into it until I moved to New York City, which is the fashion capital of the world. I got there, I looked at myself. It's like, I look wack. So I just wanted a shopping spree. I've been watching Richie Lee since like the Fung Bros days, like his very first episode with the Fung Bros and I just been following him ever since. So him, I've watched Alpha M since like high school. Yeah. And then I got into Jose's content as well. So yeah, just the combination of the three of them as well. And then moving to New York City was especially that was like the, the tipping stone. What music do you listen to? I listened to rap and EDM. That's really it. And then, you know, lo-fi for whenever I'm working. How to keep yourself entertained during this time. Maybe learn something. Currently me and my girl are trying to pick up Mandarin, Chinese again, pick up my Cantonese as well. Learn a new skill. Draw, cook, like what I'm doing right now. Compose some outfits, play some games. Just do it in moderation. Like if it's fun. Now if it's a skill or just like something that's actually going to benefit your life, then put some more time in that. You know, start your YouTube channel, start on that project you've been wanting to start on. Change the oil of your car. That's what I did recently. Just things you've been putting off, tackle that.  If you're going to complain that you've never had time, you don't ever have time and you don't pursue what you've always wanted to do, now then we got a problem. Don't disappoint your future self is what I'm saying. What is one thing you regret purchasing? A few pieces of clothing from fast fashion stores or that's really it, honestly. I don't really have much buyers remorse because I usually research everything before I buy it and then there you go. Okay, now I got to boil some water. What would you be doing if you didn't do YouTube? Man, if I didn't do YouTube, honestly, I'd probably be still working my job in New York City trying to figure it out. And then if I wasn't doing that, I'd probably be a mechanical engineer right now here in Albuquerque and that's all I'd be doing. What's your biggest fear? Biggest fear is not being able to pay for rent or afford food. And I've been through that situation many times. Pretty scarred by that. When are you going to post a new vid? We want more often. I've fully accepted that two a week is not as feasible as I thought because I focus more on quality instead of like a bunch of content that is repetitive. Nothing wrong with that. I just always want to switch it up, have new content for you guys. So it's going to be once a week, minimum. Twice a week is going to happen just not every week. Okay, so I would love to post more. It's just I'm a one man team. Tips from your experience for entrepreneurs except that this is going to take three to five years, minimum, no money coming in for three years straight. My first three years pursuing this or whatever, I moved to New York in 2016. I didn't go full time on YouTube to 2019 and I accepted that it was going to take that long. If you can't accept that it's not for you. It's not for you. Maybe. What am I talking about? I'm just some kid. What's your pet peeve in society? This is just off the top of my head. People that talk the talk but don't walk the walk or currently for sure people that don't pursue what they said they'd previously had no time to do. And my boy Keezy TV said that on a tweet and I post on my story that really bothers. I don't know why it just does. What are your favorite color blocking fits slash combinations? Uh, I should make a video on this but one go-to combination that always works black, white, olive. Any combination of those you put together will work for the most part.  What life skills are rarely taught but very useful? Patience. Most of the life skills that are taught to you aren't really going to help as much. People learn from experience more.  How are you? I'm doing well. Thanks for asking. What are your plans for the channel? Just continue making content about fashion, you know, sneakers, you know, maybe some self-help and I don't know about fitness anymore. I'm not into that as much. What are the jobs you do? Just YouTube. What topic could you spend hours chatting about? This is a good question. Definitely Star Wars 100%. Fashion. Cooking. I can talk about cooking a lot. Cooking is like my jam. I used to be able to talk a lot about cars but because I moved to New York I kind of like, you know, hopped off cars because you don't need a car in New York City so I'm like four years behind and like knowledge and skateboarding. Just like all my hobbies and photography especially as well. Photography, editing and YouTube. I can talk about like content creating as well a lot. So we have the ox tail right here. The bones boiling right now. We're going to clean the bones in a set. We're just going to let it boil a little bit next. Got any pets. I don't have any pets currently but favorite animal. I like dogs. Techwear outfit pointers. I'm getting started. Honestly just follow the techwear, the official techwear subreddit, techwear clothing. You'll get a lot of insight there. Like just read the comments of what people say on each post because I'll make a video on it eventually. I promise. It's just I want to get really, I want to get used to it and actually make some good outfits. Okay.  It's not, that's not techwear. Okay. Don't be that guy. Why are you standing on newspaper? Because it's Asian household. No shoes in the house. Dog, no shoes. What's your favorite snack? I love hot Cheetos and I like brownies as well. How do you find slash explore brands? For example, talentless or over gear. Follow your favorite fashion dudes that post and tag those brands. You can ask people or you can follow channels like the casual. This is Antoine. They usually make videos on like brands you don't know. Those are good channels. Those are good channels. As a young guy, is it better to rock street style or menswear? Both. Why not both? It's like if I were a Jedi, I would want to know a little bit about the dark side. Right? Like you want to know a little bit about both.  Honestly, it's pretty good because my life hasn't changed too much. Although I do miss going to restaurants and you know, hang out with friends. First world problem stuff. Other than that, my life hasn't really changed. I'm pretty happy. What trend slash style do you hate or can't stand at all? I have nothing to say to that because I am open to any style. But currently if people still rock those biker joggers, I don't really like. That was only a trend for like not even a year. Like way back when people still wear it. But current trends, I don't hate anything right now. Where do you buy your tech work clothing? I'll make a video on it eventually. You can start with cheaper, more affordable brands like 511 Tactical. It's still slightly pricey, but you get the you know, all the functions of tech where weather proofing, wind proofing, durability, all that good stuff. It's a good start. Then you can go to more of the higher end brands like Enfin Levy, Arcterix, North Face, all that good stuff. North Face and Patagonia, Columbia, all that's a good start as well. It's somewhat cheap and affordable. How old are you? I'm currently 24, turning 25 in two months. Someone's asking about skincare stuff. I'm not an expert in that. I would just watch other YouTube channels that are better at that. My skin's not really not that good. Honestly, I'm working on it and maybe some upcoming videos, but consult with other YouTubers. They have better videos and better skin. You have plans on moving anytime soon. I plan on moving back to New York whenever this disease disappears. So maybe the end of the year, maybe next year. Best summer shoe that you like wearing? White Vents. What would your dream job be? I'm living it, man. This is seriously a dream. And I still can't, you know, sometimes I'm like, you'll pinch me. Is this real? This is the dream. Couldn't ask for anything better. What size denim do you wear? My true size is a 29 waist with a 30 length, but that sizing never happened. So usually get 30 30 and I just wear a belt if anything. What are the best ways to protect your favorite shoes? I'm wearing shoes. They're going to get messed up. Okay. The best way to protect it? I guess well, one thing for me, I have more shoes because they just become in your rotation. If you just have one sneaker and you wear it 365 days a year, that's 365 wears. But if you have 10 sneakers and you rotate it, you maybe get like 20, 30 wears a year. They last longer and then just clean it. Best life advice you can give? Try and have some fun, but also go for what you want because you have one life. That's it. I can go more deep but that's like too much. Dream car, the 90s NSX, pop up headlights. That would be a dream. Favorite Breaking Bad episodes? Definitely crawl space, Ozymandias and full measure because here's a cool thing as well. I used to work at that laser tag building that was in Breaking Bad. I worked there for five years. It's Hinkle Family Fun Center. I was a supervisor there and a game technician. I was actually there when they filmed for season five as well in front of our building. It was super cool. Got to meet Bob Odenkirk, Jonathan Banks and Walt himself, which is really cool. What do you think about people getting bait mass because of Corona? Hey, that's cool, man. Protect your face. I wouldn't wear bait mass though. I would just wear a regular surgical mask. Do you eff with any Yeezys? Just the Yeezy power phases and maybe the Yeezy season boots and the turtle doves. We have a piece of clothing, cargo pants. You already have a vision for a brand you want to start. Not really. Maybe at a later date, I'll tackle that. Okay, so now I'm going to clean the bones and then we're going to re-boil the water with the bones in it for the broth. Okay, got that joint re-boiling. How was your Cantonese? Ngua Ke Guang Dong Wa Mai Ge Ho Mai Ge Ho Advice for upcoming YouTubers. I said earlier, how do you keep up with the latest fashion trends? Honestly, people get to it before me. I should do a better job at that, but yeah, people get to it before me and I do read up about it as well. So are you actually from a small Chinatown? No, I'm from a small town of Albuquerque populations less than 600,000. That's where I'm from. Best pants besides cargoes, athletic joggers. So like training pants. Stuff from like aesthetic revolution. That type of stuff. Very, very beautiful pair of pants and denim, black denim. Favorite fashion piece I own? I'd say my Akron Impress Stoes and my Nike ACG cargoes. How do I style shorts? I honestly could do a better job at that because I don't even know how to style shorts. Top three clothing brands. Akronim, Nike of course, Enfin Levy. Those are the top three in my head but there's plenty more. Have you thrifted before? I have. I'm not very good at it and I don't have any tips for you. Sorry. There's plenty of other better videos but I could work on that too. If you had to wear one pair of kicks for the rest of your life, what would it be? Vans. Vans because they're so versatile. I also like skateboarding and I can skate in them. They also go with tech wear outfits. They also go with street wear outfits. Men's wear casual outfits. They can go with anything. Adidas or Nike? Nike. What are some cheap tech wear alternatives? Nothing that's going to make me go broke. For the most part you are going to go broke. Just start with North Face. Start with the North Face. You can get a lot of nice windbreakers there for nothing crazy less than $100. Where do you get your style inspiration from? Currently because nobody does fashion like at all out here in New Mexico. Nobody really cares about it. So social media. When I was living in New York I would just walk down Soho and so much inspiration from just walking down the street. Just in New York in general as well. That's why I miss it. How do you edit your photos? I have a video on that. So what kind of car do you drive? I drive a Civic stick shift. No automatics here. Where to get cargo's and slim skinny jeans for a six foot forward guy? Well, I do work with brands like Black Taylor but there are plenty of other brands out there and jeans. I don't know what it's like to be 6'4". So I don't know what your sizing would be. So just go to Levi's or you know Express. Top sneakers for 2020. I don't have any. Maybe I'll make a video on that later. Well, I know definitely the Dior Jordan 1's would be on there. Which brands would you choose to wear for the rest of your life? Acronym, Nike, ACG. Any tips to lose weight? Burn more calories than you consume. Can you show us your daily home workout set for the beginners out here? I probably should do that. I might make a video on it. Favorite fashion websites to shop from? I have a video on that but it's just like regular stores as well that have an online e-commerce store. So All Saints, Bloomingdale's you know all that good stuff. And the brands I work with as well because I actually like the brands that I work with. I wouldn't work with a brand that I didn't like. So those as well. Are you a fan of hype brands like Babe Supreme, Off-White, Chinatown Market? To be honest not really. Like I see the hype in it but I don't... It's not my thing. How do you get your instant engagements up? I don't know. I started this YouTube channel and people go follow me from the YouTube channel. And that's the only reason my likes and engagement has gone up or whatever people care about. And I'm gonna skip a lot of questions as well just because I don't know if we'll have time for it. What do you like the most about techwear? I like that. Not many people wear it at all because a lot of people... It's kind of hard to understand for a lot of people. That's one. It's just like my thing because I've always liked Star Wars, the dystopian vibes. I also appreciate just function in general. You know whether it's breathability like you know getting some sweat-wicking material or like you're hiking and it's like pouring and that's when you would need like a shell jacket. So that type of stuff. I like how it mixes function and aesthetics into a beautiful aesthetic on its own. So yeah. Characteristics of you that you like slash dislike the most. Okay. What I like the most... I've always had naturally broad shoulders. That's always been nice to have. Okay. You guys probably can't... I'm skinny anyways but just growing up I've always had like broader shoulders. They're not very big. So I've always liked that. And what I dislike the most probably my skin. Just what I'm working on. My favorite style techwear. What would you do a meet and greet in Albuquerque? Maybe one day. Maybe one day when the city safe you play ball.  What made you comfortable moving into more techwear style fashion? It's just like any aesthetic you try.  Like the Jordan ones is like a good gateway piece to getting into street wear. With techwear is more like the... For me it was cargo pants and like sling bags. That was what got me really into it. Then I just dove more into it. Like getting into the Reddit official subreddit and reading more about it and I just got really into it. Which country would you... Do you want to visit after this pandemic is over? Definitely Europe. How do you make your quality so good in your videos? I paid for a super expensive camera a long, long time ago. Study a little bit more about editing and how you can make it, you know, more engaging I guess. How tall were you when you were 15? I was the same height, 5'7". Who do you look up to from a fashion perspective? Definitely a lot of YouTubers and then a lot of designers as well. Obviously Earl St. Hugh, Yoji Yamamoto, Rick Owens and even Connie West. You watch anime? If so, what kind? Honestly, I really don't. How did you meet Christian? I met Christian at Jimmy Zang's birthday party. We went and got hot pot and that's where I met him. What motivates you to improve your style? Honestly, you guys. Okay, we're gonna get the lemongrass. The lemongrass and we're gonna beat it. And this is like my hammer because I don't have anything else. I'm using this. Favorite workouts? Shoe? Definitely the Nike Pegasus 35 turbos or barefoot and I'm doing deadlifts. How long have you been skating? I've been skating since middle school, 6th grade. But I stopped freshman year of high school because all my friends just stopped skating and it wasn't as fun. But now I'm picking it back up. Did you fall in love the first time you wore cargos? Bro, you don't even want to know how I reacted. Are you gonna post more on TikTok? No, what's your thought on over shirts? I don't know what that means. If you mean oversized shirts, love them. What made me start YouTube? I just like fashion. I just wanted to talk about it and I've always wanted to do YouTube as a thing. What are your thoughts on boots? I love boots. I just like more military combat boots. Chelsea boots are fine as long as you don't wear the Jerry boy type of way. What's your camera setup? I have an office studio tour. You can watch that. Which of the five senses would you say is your strongest? Definitely not hearing or eyesight. So I'd say smell.  Don't quit. What's your favorite Japanese street brand? Ooh, I have a few. So I like Cav-Empt. Obviously, Yoji Yamamoto's brand, Y3, Uniqlo. I'd say those are the top three right now in my head. Why YouTube with all the other career choices? Because I've always wanted to do YouTube. Casey Neistat really motivated me and I saw that was possible. I worked for Brandon Carter and I saw that was possible. I edited for Richie Lee, saw that was possible. I just had a lot of friends do YouTube or people I looked up to. And I was like, I feel like I could do this. Obviously, it took me three, four years to do it. But yeah, drop the lemongrass in. Tips on how to find your own style, have a video on that. Favorite thing about fashion, I really like how it's like expressing yourself.  Makes it more you instead of a starter pack. If I had a house and like the interior decor was designed by someone else, it wouldn't feel like mine. So that's how I like to think of it. What was the first sneaker you ever bought? I can't remember. I'd say it was definitely a pair of Vans old schools back in the day, but current like streetwear type sneakers. It was definitely the Ultra Boost 1.0. What's your dating life like? I have a girlfriend from Chicago. Have you ever been to Disney World Orlando? Yes, I have. Do you like Star Wars? Of course I do. How long did it take you to get 50,000 subscribers? See, here's the thing, people think it can go quick. And I know a lot of people that it did happen quick. I started this channel in 2017 on my birthday. So it'd be three years coming 2020. So it took two years and 10 months. Jesus, don't expect this to go quick. Do you change your hairstyle occasionally?  How long did it take you to get to the physique you're at? Honestly, my physique is nothing great at all, but I got like, I have an old workout clip from 2015. I still look kind of the same. So it took like a year or two, consistent training, but I was like really into fitness. Are you going to bring back the personal development videos? Maybe. I don't know if that might be the second channel either. You guys let me know. What style do you like on girls? Techwear on girls looks really good. How to figure out your life at 21. You're not going to figure it out at 21. Relationship advice. I don't, you guys, you got to be more specific, but treat your partner well. Yeah, I haven't made any progress cooking, so I'll finish it after the video. Fashion tips for short, dudes. I'm going to remake that later. Just focus on your proportions, sizing, and all that good stuff. What do you think about wearing specs with perfect vision? Why not? What's your go-to techwear sneaker to wear with black cargoes? Any runner. So whether that be the fly net trainers or racers or a pair of New Balance 997S or the Nike Pegasus 35 turbos, any runner goes solid with it, but you can't ever go wrong with a pair of Air Force ones. Do you ever get recognized in public? Not really. Is Jonathan Tide your real name? No, it's Jonathan Tide, but people always call me Johnny because Jonathan is too many syllables and I have no middle name. HomegirlBella asks, how you feel now that the restaurant's closed? So Bella and I, wait, because we used to work together. We used to call McDonald's the restaurant, but currently because of the disease, it's closed and I'm very sad. Favorite outfit and where you got the pieces? All right. Probably my techie fit. I just played with color blocking. So I shot out of that ditch and I was wearing MKBHD merch windbreaker. He actually brought it back by the way and I was wearing Uniqlo heat tech cargo pants, Nike Element 55. I was very solid color blocking, you know, just black, gray, that gradient scale and it felt very, very techie. I don't know, I really liked it, but that concludes it. Thank you guys for getting me to 50K. I really appreciate it. This is seriously a dream job to me and I'm very fortunate to have my life not affected by this disease going on. Seriously, thank you guys for following the journey from 2017 till now. I've changed a lot and I've like my contents changed a lot. Things have been good. I really appreciate you guys. Unfortunately, I couldn't ask every question because there was too many, but I try to answer as many as I can. This is going to be a super long video. And you finished cooking this. You guys haven't already followed me on Instagram at Fly With Johnny Tai. Subscribe to the channel. Turn that like button blue for the YouTube algorithm. And if you guys actually made it this far, which I'll be really surprised. That's a pineapple right there. How about you guys comment pineapple so I know that you guys are cool because this is a super long video and if you guys do make it this far, you guys an MVP. Until then guys, I need to finish cooking this because I'm hungry, hungry. Hope you guys like this new format you know in my kitchen all that. I'm out. Peace. Okay. Well, I'm not really out. So I got to cook this. So I'm going to stop the video.


The Guardians have grown stronger among the Light. The destruction of the Black Garden's heart was... impressive. And to challenge a hive prince... brave indeed. But now our Queen welcomes them here to fight alongside the Awoken? Guardians could be quite useful in dealing with these traitorous fallen wolves. Prepare the feed across all open channels. Attention Guardians, this is Petra Bench of the Awoken Royal Garden. Multiple bounties have been issued on key fallen targets. The Reef is now open to you. She actually has more stuff to offer than the one we see in the Tower. Now this Queen's Wrath vendor on the Reef comes out later today with the House of Wolves. This is footage I recorded about three weeks back when I was invited out to play the House of Wolves by Bungie. Getting straight into the video, she has six wanted bounties. Three of which we already know of and three completely new ones. Now the first one is wanted Drevis Wolf Baroness. This will reward you 4500 experience and 250 Queen's Wrath reputation. The next one she has is wanted Beltric the Veiled. Hunt Beltric the Veiled in Ember Caves on Venus. This will also give you 4500 experience and 250 reff. Next up we have wanted Mercher Orbix 11. Hunt Mercher Orbix 11 near the Ishtar Cliffs on Venus. This again giving you 4500 experience and 250 reff. The next one is wanted Wolf Scavengers. Hunt the Wanted Wolf Scavengers in the Halls of Wisdom on the Moon. This will give you 3500 experience and 100 reff. Next one we have is Wanted Queen Breaker Vandals. Hunt the Wanted Queen Breaker Vandals in the Singles on Venus. This again giving you 3500 experience and 100 plus reff. Next up we have Wanted Howling Raiders. Hunt the Howling Raiders in the Hall of Whispers on Venus. This gives you 3500 experience and 100 reff. Now she has two emblems to offer as well which we are very familiar with. You need to be a Queen's Wrath rank one. I think we know this already. At Queen's Wrath rank two she has two shaders to offer you Rolls Gold and Prims and Dancers which we know of as well and I will showcase to you guys on my titan as we are here anyway. Prims and Dancers being my one of choice at these two. Now at Queen's Wrath rank three we have two new shaders and a new ship. Now I recorded this on my titan but I have got footage of what these shaders look like on a Hunter and on a Warlock courtesy of Moor Council and Willis Gaming. Now the first shader is called Palas Victorious which I absolutely love the look of. There is plenty of a new monarchy shader especially the way it looks on a titan. It really looks pretty badass. The next one we have is called Imogen's Fire which in my opinion doesn't look as good as the first one but it's still looking pretty sexy. These will cost you 5000 glimmer and like I said you need to be a rank three with the Queen's Wrath. And then we have this crazy looking ship which you guys may have seen when they livestreamed the reef called the Ceres Gallia which looks absolutely incredible. I can't imagine what this would look like flying through orbit. I mean the size of it already, I mean look at the size of it, don't even fit in the screen. It's that big, absolutely incredible. But guys that is it, that is what the Queen's Wrath vendor has to offer on the reef which comes out later today with the House of Wolves which I'm sure we are all super pumped for. But guys I hope you enjoyed the video, do drop a like, I do appreciate the support. Thanks for stopping by as always and peace out until next time. Peace!


You'll never look at a kaleidoscope the same way again Hey guys, this is my review for annihilation a movie. I've been very much looking forward to Alex Garland is by far one of the more entertaining and Definitely more intellectual up-and-coming directors in the recent years. He blew everyone away with ex machina Fantastic movie about artificial intelligence that gave us Alisa backander And it was a really cool movie and it gave us creepy Oscar Isaac and This film is his follow-up and the whole time I was just wondering is this going to be better? And in my opinion it is Ex machina was a very small movie was a very intellectual movie But it was a small movie annihilation definitely broadens the scope and it is a literal identification of science Friction, you know when you go to the bookstore and you go to the science section you see these Books that are about these universes that it looks like you need a textbook just to understand It's those kind of books. That's what this story is like in terms of its delving into the idea of science and the idea of genomes of DNA of actual laws of science that we live and breathe and now being completely flipped on their head and that is what this movie is annihilation is about Natalie Portman who goes in with this team of researchers scientists and marines goes into this area where this shimmer has happened this weird kaleidoscope like prism thing is going is slowly erupting from this lighthouse where a rock from space hit it and It is changing everything around the area and this shimmer this dome is Slowly expanding and they have to figure out what happened there because one it's not stopping and it could consume the planet And to her husband Oscar Isaac came from The shimmer, but they don't know what's wrong with him first off of the one thing I thought it was kind of interesting that the movie just Kind of questions and doesn't bother to answer which I thought was cool was the fact this entire research team is female They don't really address that they just have it as that and I thought that was cool When they go into the shimmer though everything starts to get really Weird but really cool everything from the visual perspective to the intellectual the science perspective will constantly keep you Glued to the screen you're gonna be hit with a barrage of emotions and curiosities the instant they hit the shimmer because everything they see is intriguing questioning horrifying and Amazingly beautiful almost at the same time and that's the point of what's going into this world is From the instant that they enter it things begin to change and the question is whether it's for the better this movie will slowly start to dip more and more into weirdsville up until the ending where it goes full-blown weird and I'm honestly gonna be probably spending the next few days Watching videos of people explaining what the ending means because I have my own idea of what I thought the ending meant movie might like hold your hand like this up until that point and then this is gonna let you go and it's gonna just be like all right figure it out for yourself and That's actually pretty good. I like that. This movie doesn't hold your hand. It leads you to Kind of interpret things as they are Admittedly it goes really bananas weird in the ending, but everything leading up to the ending is So Interesting I had a massive smile on my face the whole time as I was trying to figure out what was happening Figuring out the aspects of these characters and just figuring out what the shimmer was doing to the world for performances This is one of Natalie Portman's. I think this is one of her best performances in a long time I think this is like one of her best ones since black swan because this is really dipping into weird and she goes full Through with it. The only one that I would say is kind of Is Jennifer Jason Lee in the character that she's playing She's supposed to be this heartless Removed emotionless person, but she has takes it a little bit too far in my opinion and kind of looks like she's just Dead inside. I know it's playing into the character, but there's a few lines She delivers that are just like okay, you put no effort in that at all Did you in the end annihilation is definitely a out there sort of science fiction movie? It doesn't really hold your hand. It definitely doesn't at all in the ending, but it will give you such an intriguing a captivating Look into the idea of a science fiction reality That you're going to go along with it full smiles if you're a science fiction fan If you're not if you're not really into movies, I leave stuff up for you to interpret You probably won't enjoy this as much as I did But it is definitely one of my favorite movies of the year so far so in the end I'm gonna give annihilation a six out of seven. It's a definite watch You should definitely go and watch it if you consider yourself a science fiction fan If you consider yourself a fan of any of Alex Garland's work Alex Garland is in a lot of movies with Danny Boyle over the years He did sunshine. He did 28 days later The guy also was the writer for dread so Alex Garland is a pretty good Sci-fi writer anyways guys. I hope you enjoyed this review if you liked it Maybe leave a like down below and if you're interested in more maybe subscribe anyways guys it's all from me See you guys next time