We are agreed. The next item of business is topical questions. We will start with question number 1 from Daniel Johnson. To ask the Scottish Government whether it will provide an update on the integration of British transport police in Police Scotland. Cabinet Secretary, Hamza Yousaf. Throughout the re-planning process, commissioned by the Scottish ministers, we have committed to listening to stakeholders. As part of that re-plan recent advice from Police Scotland on a range of issues and the timing of implementation, Felly rwyf i'r hunain y Lwysgrifan arms. Mell eich my rooftop, wedi g UCF, a ddim yn gwahanol i'r bleslaethau a hefyd i'r pethau cymrydion hwnig ni, Ноch Fifianner. Gan bach o g burden o wybodaeth y Lwfr i'r myffer golljdod gyda Caerdyddur o'r sectorawn backwards i Gwyrd Aignerlu Swinidol, dyma peisiad aeth aeth i'r byd i g違う, oedd cynnalartainedwった wyn that hefyd ardw Children and 떡 lanol,� of fabricationsigmall compilation, ac beitho ddef yr warn spe indeed to the Scottish Parliament. For those who are involved in the absolute priority for all those involved, I hope, that the safety and security of officers staff will pass through this compared to those I thank the minister for that response. Indeed, I also welcome him to his position, and I look forward to our future exchanges as the new cabinet secretary. I believe that the cabinet secretary deserves credit for listening to experts, unions and officers and reviewing the future of devolution of railway policing. However, if he was really listening, he would know that full integration is not possible, or at the very least that both its costs and timescales are a complete mystery, because that was the message from the SPA board meeting last week. In his review, will he not just put off full integration on an interim basis, but rule it out altogether? The current priority, the immediate priority, is to find interim arrangements. I think that I have cross-party concerns around, for example, the accountability or lack thereof to this Parliament of British Transport Police, and that is something that has to be rectified, so that is the immediate priority. As I said, the long-term goal would be to keep full integration under review. I think that that is a sensible thing to do, because there are benefits of full integration, which again came out in evidence sessions during the debate and from evidence of stakeholders. For example, such things as a single command structure and so on and so forth, but that frankly is not the immediate priority, the immediate priority in order to give certainty of course to staff, to officers and others, and to, of course, very importantly ensure that there is accountability and democratic accountability of VTPs, is to come to some interim solutions. What I would say in that respect is that my door will be very open to stakeholders, but I should also say to all members of the opposition to engage and to listen to those ideas that might well come forward from across the chamber. The cabinet secretary knows that if there was a viable route forward for full integration, it would have been found by now, two years on, and we are no closer to knowing the costs or the timescales to make this happen. A two-month review is simply not going to find an answer in that time. Does the cabinet secretary not recognise that, as long as full integration remains on the table, there remains a great uncertainty for officers and staff? If he does, is it not true that the conclusion of his review is inevitable that all he is doing is prolonging the uncertainty that is ultimately unnecessary? No, I disagree with his analysis for a couple of reasons. One is that the review that will be undertaking, the engagement that we will be having with stakeholders, will not be focused on finding a timetable and a timeline for full integration. It will be in and around what will be the other options that we can explore to give effect to the Smith commission's cross-party recommendations of the devolution of railway policing to Scotland, so that will be the purpose of that engagement. In terms of full integration, as I say, that remains a long-term goal, which will be kept under review. Therefore, if he is right and those who oppose full integration are right, that is something that will be kept under review. It is not the immediate priority, the immediate priority is to find other options that will give effect to the Smith commission. However, I would give him that challenge and he and I spoke when I was put into position in my first week in the role that he knows my approach as one where I look for good ideas wherever they come from across the chamber. I look forward to hearing his proposals on the other options to give effect to the Smith commission's recommendations. Liam Kerr. Will the cabinet secretary confirm that the commission's service model, which he previously opposed, is now very much on the table? I do not want to prejudge the engagement that I am about to have with stakeholders. Some of that engagement is being taken forward today between officials and stakeholders and over tomorrow. I will engage personally with stakeholders, too, but we should certainly be looking for good ideas from wherever they come from. I know the commission model. There were some reservations in the commission model. I think that they are legitimate to express. However, I do not want to prejudge that, but we will certainly be looking and reexamining all the options that have been considered before, but also if there are other options that have not been considered before to be brought forward and to be examined as part of this process. Liam McArthur. I also join in congratulating the cabinet secretary on his new appointment. Does he now regret rejecting the amendment that I lodged at stage 3 to delay the implementation of the merger at the very least? Will he give an assurance to the Parliament that detailed business plans will be developed on any options that are being consulted on and that Parliament will have a role in determining how we go forward? Given that the chief constable of Police Scotland has made clear his views in relation to the risk to public safety of pressing ahead with merger? That point that Liam McArthur is exceptionally important. I have made this decision based on the advice from Police Scotland. It would be foolish of me to have ignored that advice in terms of their concerns around ICT alignment and so on and so forth. That is important to keep at the heart very much of that. On other asks about business cases and so on and so forth, yes, whatever option we come forward with and that will be with consultation with stakeholders, of course. I think that it is important to give as much confidence around that model that we choose to explore. I will be happy to commit to ensuring that there is as much scrutiny of that option and as much transparency of that option to this Parliament as possible. Rona Mackay Thank you, Presiding Officer. Does the Scottish Government remain committed to working fully with stakeholders, as they have done so far? Yes, of course. I will look to do that. Even for those who are very much so with those that have been in opposition of full integration, but also for those across the chamber, it is certainly worth keeping that engagement going. Clearly, from my announcement of re-examining the options, I have already had a number of organisations come to me saying that they want to engage. My door will be very much open to that engagement. I look forward to seeing what that engagement concludes in terms of the process that is moving forward. John Finnie Thank you, Presiding Officer. The cabinet secretary's fail to address legitimate and on-going concerns of BT officers and staff. Can the cabinet secretary detail what role that failure has played in his failure to deliver on the will of Parliament on this important issue? If I had gone against Police Scotland's advice to me around the difficulties of getting a timescale and a timeline for full integration, particularly the primary concern and ICT, but other concerns too, I do not doubt that John Finnie would probably be the first one to pull me up in front of this Parliament to say that we had gone against Police Scotland's advice. He will have to accept, as I have done, of our period of reflection early on in this role, that although that was the intention of the Government for the Integration and the Will of the Parliament supported by his party, it would be foolish to have ignored Police Scotland's advice. I am more than happy to speak to John Finnie, as I would with any other member, in more detail about some of his concerns. However, the path that I have chosen to go down is very much based on the advice that Police Scotland has given me, and in terms of giving more certainty to officers and staff in BTP, as I said, as soon as we can get on with examining the other options for devolution of railway policing in Scotland, the better. To ask the Scottish Government what discussions it has had with ScotRail and South Ayrshire Council regarding the implemented exclusion zone around air railways station, which is causing disruption for many passengers, including those travelling south of Ayr to Gervan and Strunrar. I discussed the situation with the leader and chief executive of South Ayrshire Council last week. Transport Scotland officials have engaged with senior officials at both the ScotRail Alliance and South Ayrshire Council on several occasions since the exclusion zone at air station has affected platform 3 and 4. Additionally, Transport Scotland established a new task force, including other relevant directorates from the Scottish Government to support South Ayrshire Council in identifying solutions to immediate safety concerns. The key objective is to ensure that a full rail service can be restored safely, as soon as possible, but that any long-term solutions contribute to the economic prosperity of the town centre and other affected areas. The air station hotel in the railway building is a structure, majority owned by a Malaysian businessman, Mr Ung, along with Network Rail. My understanding is that Mr Ung has refused to engage with South Ayrshire Council to work to make the structure safe, which has resulted in platform 3 and 4 being closed altogether. That means that trains are unable to run between air, maybell, Gervan and Strunrar. Can the cabinet secretary outline what, if any action that the Scottish Government can take to make Mr Ung accountable for one of his many UK properties? I recognise the significant disruption that platform closure is causing to air station and to a number of the other stations, particularly Mabel, Gervan and Strunrar. As it stands, the Scottish Government has no powers to take action against the owner of the building. Local authority has powers under the building Scotland Act 2003 to take action on owners where their building has become dangerous or fallen into a state of disrepair. South Ayrshire Council has used those powers to serve a dangerous buildings notice and are currently working to make the building safe and to allow the platforms to reopen as soon as possible. The member will appreciate that building owners are ultimately responsible for the upkeep and safety of the buildings that they own. Emma Harper Again, I thank the cabinet secretary for that response. I have also had many constituents contact me regarding the disruption, including one young constituent, Strunrar, not being able to get the train to university and others being unable to get to work. Can the cabinet secretary therefore give a commitment that the Scottish Government will ensure appropriate alternative transport links are put in place and indeed monitored while the situation with air station is on-going? Cabinet Secretary for Transport and Infrastructure I can give the member that assurance, because ScotRail is presently providing a replacement bus for rail passengers wishing to travel from Ayr on to Strunrar. Passengers wishing to travel to Strunrar from Kilmarnock and vice versa are also being provided with a taxi to and from Ayr station and for onward travel by bus. ScotRail will continue to keep it under review to see whether there is any further action that it can take in order to try and reduce the inconvenience to the travelling public. John Scott Thank you, Presiding Officer. The minister is well aware of the much reduced rail service between Ayr and Glasgow, which affects my constituents in the Ayr press, Strunrar and many others on the Ayr to Glasgow rail line. Although I appreciate that circumstances cannot change or different options be taken before a structural engineers report is produced, can the minister tell Parliament when the report will be produced and what his plans are for the services on the line if the station hotel at Ayr has to be demolished? If, on the other hand, the building can be saved, what support can the Scottish Government give to restoring or redeveloping the station hotel in Ayr? John Scott Presiding Officer, ScotRail is continuing to keep the present emergency timetable in place under review to look at whether there are further measures that it can take in order to address some of the issues, particularly around some of the issues around the number of people who are trying to use the service as it moves towards Glasgow central, particularly around the Paisley area, whether they can add additional carriages at a later stage. What I can also assure the member is that the responsibility here for the decision to apply an exclusion zone is for the local authority. Any change to that exclusion zone is a matter for the local authority. The assistance that the task force is providing is to ensure that appropriate measures are put in place to identify what action could be taken in order to reduce that exclusion zone. That work is on-going at the present moment with engineers. Once South Ayrshire Council has that report, it will share that with the task force to look at what action can then be taken in order to make sure that any measures that can be implemented are taken forward as quickly as possible. We will continue to support South Ayrshire Council in addressing those issues. We are providing legal advice and building advice from our experts in the Scottish Government. They understand all the responsibilities and actions that they can take, but the report from engineers will allow us to make a decision on whether the exclusion zone can be reduced. That will be a matter for South Ayrshire Council, but we will support them in providing them with what assistance we can to take that action forward once the report is completed. In April, I chaired a public meeting in Ayrtown hall organised by local campaigner Esther Clarke, packed out by residents frustrated at the demise of air station hotels. As the cabinet secretary, I understand the anger in the community at the utter neglect of the former hotel. Will the Scottish Government take action not only to ensure that the building is made safe so that we can end the current real chaos but to put in place a long-term plan to bring the historic building back into use for the benefit of the local community? As a member, we will appreciate the responsibility for the condition of the building lies with the private owner of the building, who has clearly neglected it over a very extended period of time. I recognise that South Ayrshire Council has also taken action to address those issues earlier in the course of the year, without the success of engaging effectively with the owner of the building. As I just mentioned to John Scott, the decision to apply an exclusion zone is the responsibility of the local authority. The plans that it has for the use of that building, working with the owner and the wider town centre redevelopment is a matter for South Ayrshire Council. What we are providing with is the support and assistance that they require in order to make sure that we understand what action can be taken to reduce the exclusion zone, to get the platforms reopened, to get the train station operating back to its normal capacity as soon as possible. Once South Ayrshire Council has got that report completed and they are able to share that with at the task force, they will be provided with additional support to make sure that action is taken for that as quickly as possible so that we can get the station returned to its normal function. 3. Murdo Fraser To ask the Scottish Government how NHS boards ensure that patients' concerns regarding surgical practices are properly addressed. NHS boards have governance and appraisal mechanisms for their clinicians. That includes the boards being responsible for a system of appraisal and job planning for each consultant. In 2017-18, boards implemented the revised NHS complaints procedure, which provides a formal route for patients and their families to raise concerns. The organisational duty of candor legislation came into force in Scotland on 1 April this year. The duty of candor legislation also requires organisations to provide an apology to those who have been harmed and to involve them in identifying organisational learning and improvements where necessary. Murdo Fraser Can I thank the cabinet secretary for that response and welcome her to her new role? This week, shocking details relating to the case of the NHS Tayside surgeon, Professor Sam Eljamel, were disclosed in a BBC investigation. Professor Eljamel's accused of making a series of mistakes while operating on patients at NHS Tayside. At the time of an external investigation concluded that he was injuring patients but, despite this, he was allowed to continue operating. It appears that the NHS Tayside had neither the audit systems in place to pick up on his mistakes or to decide on the senior management team to prevent this from happening. What assurance can the cabinet secretary give us that, in other Scottish health boards, we will not see similar incidents where surgeons are free to operate despite concerns being raised about their abilities? Gareth Higgins Thank you, Presiding Officer. As I am sure that members will appreciate, there is a degree to which I am limited in what I can express here, but let me be really clear to Mr Fraser and to the chamber that any instance of harm that is incurred by any patient in our health service is a matter that I take extremely seriously. We have a number of measures in place that boards should be following. It is worth mentioning the globally recognised Scottish patient safety programme, which has had surgical safety as one of its workstreams since it began and has led to over a 20 per cent reduction in surgical mortality across Scotland. I have today asked for an assurance from all our health boards, from their chairs and chief executives of joint assurance that all the steps that this Government expects them to be following in terms of compliance with those measures and others are indeed being followed. Our chief medical officer and others will continue to pursue those matters to ensure that we have the best patient safety that we possibly can in this country. I thank the cabinet secretary for that full and very helpful response. I do not know if she watched last night's BBC documentary and, if like me, she felt angry and sad for the patients who recounted their personal stories in that. We learned today from the courier newspaper that Professor L Gimell is still holding himself out as working at Ninewell hospital, despite the fact that his contract there has been severed. In wake of all the new evidence that is coming out, does the Scottish Government accept that there is now the case for a fully independent investigation into those issues? What I do accept is, as I said before, that any instance of harm to a patient in our national health service is a matter of considerable concern. I take it very seriously. What I am doing is reviewing the situation with respect to this particular instance and looking more widely across our boards. In that, I will give due consideration to what other further steps we might sensibly take in order to ensure that we have the level of patient safety across Scotland that we aim for and that our statistics currently indicate that we have overall across the NHS.


Hello, this is Waylon Chow. Welcome to this series on forming contracts. This video is part C, looking at the requirement of an agreement, and specifically the acceptance part of forming an agreement. Remember that an agreement is formed by an offer and an acceptance. Thus far, we've looked at the rules regarding offers. Let's now look at acceptances. Sonya again is trying to sell her laptop to Ahmed. Do you want to buy my Apple laptop for 700 dollars? This time Ahmed says yes, I'll take it, only if you'll throw in your AirPods. Is there an agreement between Sonya and Ahmed? An acceptance is where the Offeree agrees to enter into the contract proposed by the offer or an acceptance has to be communicated by the Offeree to the offer or an acceptance must also be full and unconditional acceptance of all the terms of the offer. If it's not a full and unconditional acceptance of all the terms, it is considered to be a counter offer. Ahmed has added a condition of including Sonya's AirPods to his acceptance of the offer, or specifically he's saying that he will, he does want to buy her laptop for 700 dollars, but only if it includes her AirPods. Therefore, there is no actual acceptance that has occurred here. In other words, there was no full and unconditional acceptance of all of the terms of Sonya's offer. What we have is a counter offer by Ahmed. Sonya can now reject or accept that counter offer. Most commonly an offer is accepted by the Offeree making a promise. So most contracts are considered to be bilateral contracts where the parties are exchanging promises. The simple example that we've been working with is where Sonya has made an offer to sell her laptop for 700 dollars. And when Ahmed accepts that offer, Ahmed is promising to pay 700 dollars to Sonya in exchange for Sonya's promise to give him the laptop. And acceptance can also be done by performance instead of by making a promise. So this is where the terms of the offer are being done. They're being performed by the Offeree as a way of accepting the offer. This is called a unilateral contract where one party makes a promise in an offer while the other party, the Offeree, performs the requested act that's set out in the offer. A typical example is where someone has posted a poster. The poster could say, I'll pay 1000 dollars to anyone who finds my lost cat. So that is an offer. So the contract is created once the requested act is performed. So if you go out and find that cat and return that cat to the owner, you are accepting that offer by performance. The classic case of acceptance by performance is Carlil vs. Karbala Spokeball, which is covered in the textbook. So please have a look at that case. To be effective, an acceptance needs to be communicated by the Offeree to the Offeree. Now that communication can be done by words, conduct, and sometimes silence. So words are the most direct way of doing it. It can be in writing. It can be in writing on paper. It can be in writing online and electronically or it can be done verbally. Conduct can be as simple as a nod of a head or a handshake or any other action that can be reasonably interpreted to be an acceptance. Now silence sometimes could be considered acceptance. I say sometimes because silence generally cannot be considered to be an acceptance, but if there is some kind of prior agreement between the parties where it is clearly stated that a lack of response or silence could be considered to be an acceptance, then in that kind of situation, the silence or failure to respond could be considered to be an acceptance. So an example could be if we talk in advance and say that if I don't hear from you, I will assume that you do want to buy my car if I don't hear from you by noon tomorrow. So if I don't hear from you, if there's only silence, if I don't hear a response to them, I will assume that you do want to buy my car and that you have accepted the offer. So only in those kinds of situations where there is that prior agreement can silence be interpreted as being acceptance, but usually silence is not considered to be acceptance. When a deadline is involved, it is important to determine when does an offer or an acceptance occur. So it depends on the type of communication that's being used to communicate that offer or acceptance. If an instantaneous form of communication is being used, then the acceptance or offer is effective when and where it is received.  If we're using what's considered to be non-instantaneous communication, such as regular mail or what we call snail mail, then there's something called the postal rule that's been developed by the courts. The postal rule says an offer or acceptance is effective where and when it is sent, which means that at the time at which the letter is dropped into the mailbox. When we're dealing with electronic contracts, it could be via email or it could be using a specific app that's designed for the electronic signing of legal documents. One such app that's used quite commonly is called DocuSign. Then we need to look at some specific rules that are in the Electronic Commerce Act. We're back with Sonya and Ahmed. Sonya again is making her offer to sell her laptop for 700 and Ahmed is asking to let him think about it. He doesn't like the laptop. This time Sonya says, sure, that's fine, think about it, but let me know by noon tomorrow by either text or email. So at 11.45 am the next day, which is before the deadline, Ahmed sent an email to Sonya. The email said, hi Sonya, about that laptop with yours, I'll take it for 700 dollars. But Sonya replies by email, sorry Ahmed, I didn't check the email on my phone until after class, it was done at 3pm. I sold it to someone else already. So is there an agreement between Sonya and Ahmed? Let's now have a close look at the Ontario Electronic Commerce Act. Every province in Canada has similar legislation based on the Uniform Electronic Commerce Act. So the sections that we'll talk about in the Ontario Electronic Commerce Act, there would be similar provisions in the legislation of every other province in Canada. So in section 19, subsection 19 one, the ECA confirms that an offer and acceptance can be communicated electronically. So for example, if you're providing an offer or acceptance by communication via email, or it could be through an e-commerce site where someone is clicking, I agree, any one of those ways and those electronic means can be used to validly make an offer and validly accept that offer. The ECA in subsection 19-3 confirms that electronic contracts can be valid, or it's actually saying the corollary of that, it's saying a contract is not invalid or unenforceable by reason only of being in electronic form. The ECA contains specific rules determining when an electronic message is considered to be sent and received, which is helpful in determining when an offer or acceptance has been done. With regard to the sending of messages, a message is considered to be sent once it enters an information system beyond the sender's control. So if you're using email and when you send an email, when you press the send button on your smartphone or on your computer, that message gets sent off out of your device into the internet. And so what we call the internet could be called an information system beyond your control.  With regard to the receiving of electronic messages. If there are two different rules, first rule is if the recipient designates or uses a particular information system for forming contracts, the message is received when it enters the system and becomes capable of being retrieved by the recipient. So let's try to translate that into something that most people can understand. So if I'm making an offer to you and I specifically say, provide me with your reply by email. So what I am doing is I am designating a particular information system to form a contract here. I'm saying send me your reply via internet email. That's the particular information system and saying you should use in your reply. So then that rule applies. So when you send your reply, let's say you want to accept my offer, you send me an email saying that you accept my offer. So your email gets sent out of your device into the internet. And at some point in time, that message is capable of being retrieved by one of my devices, like let's say my smartphone. So when that message becomes capable of being retrieved, then that's the time the message is considered to be received. So it's not when I actually receive it. It's not when I actually read the message. It's when the message is capable of being retrieved from the internet. The second rule to determine the time of receipt is where the recipient has not designated or does not use a particular system for forming contracts. Then the message is received when the recipient becomes aware that it has entered one of its systems and is capable of being retrieved by the recipient. So if I did not tell you how you should reply to my offer, I did not specify you should be responding by email. But let's say you make that choice on your own. Because I didn't designate any particular information system that should be used, then your message is considered to be received when I become aware that your message is available to be retrieved. So that's usually when that message, when I receive some kind of ping or vibration on my phone indicating that a message has arrived in my inbox. Since Sonya directed Ahmed to respond her offer by text or email, she can be said to have designated an information system for the purpose of receiving an acceptance to her offer. Therefore, she is considered to have received Ahmed's email acceptance when that email was available to be downloaded on Sonya's phone, which is very likely to be before noon since he sent it at 11.45 a.m. It is likely that an agreement was formed between Sonya and Ahmed.


But I would say emotionally healthy men are looking for women, you know, that are less effort and what I mean to say there aren't lifestyle challenges to blend these two lives together there aren't lifestyle challenges to blend them together. Now emotionally unhealthy men will choose women like that because that allows them to keep an arms length from another person. But emotionally healthy men are looking for women whose lifestyles are blendable with them.


Hello everyone, this is Amit Don of AmitDon.com. Today I'll have another episode of Which is located in downtown Toronto So right now you're just watching Behind the Bentway, I'm in the Fort York Boulevard area and I'm just going to show you a bit here Then we're going to you know continue to Bentway So just give me a few seconds here. I'll just you know fix my Camera a little bit So the Bentway is a underneath the you know expressway, which is the gardener expressway And then there's a lot of unused space which the city has started to Etylize them by putting different you know activities and games and You're just looking at some part of it and you can see that you know people are Skating and they're doing some activities though. So we are just going to go down slowly and Show you you know some activities and a virtual soccer game So I'll just you know hold the camera here for a few seconds then we'll continue Okay, so walk down to the Bentway and this is kind of a park so you can see that there's some Artworks right in front and let's let's just continue here and you can see the CN Tower on top and And The skyline of downtown Toronto, so continue walking towards the Bentway and Here you can see the Fort York National Historic Site And there's some artworks on the fence So guys unfortunately looks like we were a little bit late. They removed the virtual soccer game and they're kind of wrapping up but This is where it was located before I started doing the video and you kind of you know play the virtual game on cell phone But they just shut it off so I'm going to have to possibly continue Showing the virtual game another day, but what I can show you the rest of this right Underneath this section and it kind of looks nice when I'm walking underneath it due to the You know designing and there are like you know you can see that you can play basketball Looks like they're basketball nets Some people are practicing skating. So here we have some resting place and this is where you rent the skating gear So this is just part of bentway if you look Further you can see that it continues But we're not going to go this part And right now we are looking at the Fort York Museum which is right Here and then here Looks like we have a playstation or game station But I'm really sure how this works But it looks like kids are having fun. So I'm just going to show around here A little bit. So I'll end this video here for today. Thank you for watching. There will be more videos coming up So I'll see you shortly. Thank you


We're going to talk more Olympics here on Highlands and joining us is the Athletics Ireland Olympic team manager, Theresa McDade. Theresa, good to see you. You're welcome on to Highlands once again. Thank you very much. It's kind of just all of us on very real erection as you just said that. Oh, that's me. Well, it's very real indeed from where it was this time last year because I was doing just looking back and a press release came out in February from Kieran O'Donnell saying that you were blessed and privileged to be in the position that you were as the team manager of Ireland. And it was less than 150 days back then to the Olympics. And, Theresa, you've had to wait a lot more than 150 days with the pandemic. Yeah, it has been a bit of a lesson from my perspective, of course. It's a massive and it still remains a privilege and an honour, but my God, really, you have to appreciate what it must have been like for athletes and for athletes to have kept going and to have continued to stay motivated and to stay trained and to train, particularly for technical events and without facilities and everything else. So whatever about me hanging on in there, I think, fair due to all the athletes. And by God, have they really come out and showed their metal and had some performances to get themselves on that team?  Were you worried at any stage that the games this year could be cancelled again? I think it always could have been. I think it was always a concern. But I think just that because there was so much involved that it was always likely to go ahead. And certainly, you know, from an organisational point of view. And I suppose I came on my role from as team manager was extended in January to include more logistics and that sort of thing. So from that point of view, I would have been a lot more involved earlier than normal. But and it was never never really an indication at any stage that we weren't going or it wasn't going ahead. I was always very clear that it was more than likely to go ahead than not. And I think it was more just maybe speculation in the media and the general public and particularly within Japan itself. Yeah, but there's still that concern about it, Trisha, because we see this week that they're suggesting now that there won't be the 10,000 allowed into the opening ceremony. That's only going to be VAPs only. But we sort of have to watch this race or watch the space rather as it goes along because some of these events could affect the spectator wise in particular. Oh, I'm without a doubt. And listen, let me tell you the protocol that we have to go through is unbelievably strict. We literally will be, you know, we're going into a holding camp, a training camp, if you like, in Fukuroi. And basically, we're very fortunate that we have a hotel that has grounds because literally we're going from the hotel to the bus to the track and back. And that'll be that'll be basically the length of it. So, you know, the measures in which that the Japanese community are being protected in there is massive. But I suppose this is something that we have to do and to partake in the games and tell our athletes to partake. So, you know, we just have to accept it and do it the best we can. And not to the best, we just have to do it. Absolutely. And, you know, and I think it'll be a very, very different Olympic games for a lot of people that have been there before. And I suppose for maybe some athletes for the first time, I suppose they don't know maybe any different. But I do think it's it will have a very different feel to it. And but I think too, I suppose I've traveled to a couple of different competitions this year and particularly the second last one that I was at was the World Relays. And to be fair, it was really, really well organized. And, you know, the protocols all worked and all we all came home safely and and COVID free.  But without a doubt, it's a very different approach. Yeah. What about your role that you touched on a briefly there at the start about having to do a lot more sort of admin and logistics. So how has the Olympic team manager role evolved over the last couple of years? And what is your Judy over the last 12 months been and what what is it going to be now as we head on to the games, Theresa? Well, as I said, it has developed more this year because our operations are high performance operations person moved on in January. So I, you know, for the Tokyo games, I have taken on that kind of role. So I've been the key point of contact with on behalf of aesthetics and along with the high performance director Paul McNamara. So it has been a great introduction to a lot of people that I've often heard about with the the OFA. And I suppose really has been that for the for the first couple of months, it was very much a lot of meetings and decisions and being involved in planning. But it has certainly ramped up massively in the last two months. So my for someone that had had a very quiet COVID, it has just gone from one extreme to the other extreme. So a lot of admin, a lot of chasing up with athletes, a lot of just liaising with the Olympic Council in terms of the OFA in terms of just logistics relay and and even say for example of how I suppose is maybe a good example to give in relation to what is going to be like in Japan and the level of admins involved in this particular games is a few weeks ago there I had to prepare what was called a journey plan. And I basically had to identify what everyone that was on the team likely had the remotest chance of being on the team. And I basically had to plan out what they were going to be doing or by our from morning, you know, for the whole period of time that they would be there. So that's that's that's is the level of precision if you like and planning is involved. Yeah, I suppose one thing about being a manager is it's what's key to your role as well as having the right sort of team around you because you rely heavily on them. So you do Teresa and obviously when you're at a competition level at the Olympics have they're going to play key roles for you as well. Yeah, and we have a new the new you know the replacement from the hype for performance operations personally a guy called David Stevenson has come on board and in the last couple of weeks now he's come on board as well to help with a lot of the logistics and the admin as well too which is great. And I suppose really like a lot of Olympic games you have the trial run in the world championships the year before where you had the likes of the high performance director Paul McNamara and the head physio Paul Carracher and myself and his team manager. So I suppose we've had you know we've had a dry run through Doha in terms of how we will work together as a team. And then again it's you know we have you know we're part of suppose of the bigger family of the OFI in terms that we have you know they have a massive team around them as well too. So we're along with all the other sports you know are on to their umbrella and we're all I suppose one big community there. I know that you're very very proud of it and you said it's a huge honour you're the first lady to hold the position of Olympic team manager Trisa. I am and I'm smiling there because I have to correct you. I'm the first woman. Oshin is supposed to lady. Okay. Just to be politically correct. So yeah and to the best of my knowledge anyway I'm certainly the first woman to have held this role for athletics. So yeah and listen again particularly in the year that was in it maybe you know or last year you know it was very much a year for women in sport so it was massive for you know there's been so many examples of leadership in women and it was so I'm delighted to be heading that up and I think it was true it was the year before that I got European athletics. It gave me a lovely award too again too in terms of women in sports leadership so it's nice to be following all that and again I think I did a little bit of mentoring to the Dunneville Sports Partnership. I ran a really very successful program last year on encouraging women to be involved in sport and in sports management so I was asked to come along and have a chat there and sort of share some of my experiences so it's actually you know it's just great listening to sort of hopefully that you're setting that path and for those of people to follow. Yeah let's talk about the athletes then obviously finals and if the opportunity arises medals for Dunnegull for sorry Irish competitor Tracey. Yeah I think well first of all I suppose we've probably I think we've again I think we've are maybe our largest team ever or certainly you know a fair size team and we've let it out we have 24 athletes I think and again for a lot of people it will be the opportunity to have made the games first of all and again I can't help but reach out to the likes of Ann Marie McGlynn who missed the marathon which is 26 miles by four seconds like so you see how much it means for somebody not to have actually to have got there and what it means to actually even be on that team and that opportunity to actually be on that stage but in terms of that like again we're always looking for a systemic kind of result that we're looking for people that will perform to the best that they can you know that they will at least repeat what they've done to get there and possibly and hopefully to do better we'll be looking at key people to make semi-finalists the likes of Sarah Lavin and the hundred who I'm hurdle is the likes of Mark English and the 800 meters the likes of Sarah Healy and the 1500 meters are all pretty well ranked at the moment then in terms of our finalists then and you know as you talk the medal hopes you know and I'm sure a lot of people maybe have has been following the horizon program and Tom Barr spoke about it himself you know fourth in the last Olympics you know you have to say well that's he's obviously looking to do one better and Kira McGee and who we all know and love since she was a young girl has been a finalist a word finalist on top 10 in the World Championships in Doha so again you know you'd be you'd be certainly looking that she would be making that final again and as I say in ghost anything can happen in a final or four by four mixed really team as well to you know as you know they've they've done really well they went recently to world relays and gained themselves an automatic qualification by being in that final and which was top eight and then their time certainly that they ran to make that qualification would have ranked them in the top five if I'm not mistaken for say World Championships in Doha so yeah so it'll be you know they'll be busy and then hopefully you know what again what you're always looking for is you're looking for athletes to progress and come through the round and to sort of kind of take it step by step yep another thanks to Mark Angliss and the 800 the 800 has come on a lot over the last number of years in a particular time he'll probably have to run us best ever only to make a final if it does to come off for a moment and certainly you know I think the biggest thing there will be surviving the rounds and 800 is 800 meters is tough full stop and 800 meters is quite tough in a championship because you have three races within an Olympic games within four days so and I'm sure like Mark I'm sure we'll be taking that and maybe taking it one round at a time to get through to the semi and then the semi from to the final and you're absolutely right the 800 meters has moved on massively in the last couple of years and particularly coming out of lockdown and even I think we were all blown away by a lot of performances in the indoors and particularly 800 meters even you know guys were on the 143 indoors but but from Mark's point of view I suppose what's really encouraging is that he is really coming into form he's had several races that have a really good quality in the last couple of weeks and then to come and might have been the 11th hour for qualification but he certainly did it in style by running a new Irish record so you know from Mark's point of view you're hoping that he'll come in to you know that he'll come in to his own he's coming into that form at the right time and equally as again to kind of forget about Brenn Boyce like Brenn Boyce's performance on Doha certainly would also be indicating that you know if he repeats that performance in Doha and manages himself and particularly with the conditions around Doha then you know that will be an interesting place to watch as well. I spoke to Brenn a number of weeks ago before he headed out to to the Sarin Nevada in Spain for his training camp high altitude living in a cave all that sort of thing that that he does to get himself right he said he would be disappointed if he was outside outside the top eight is that top eight very much achievable for him? Well I think certainly based on Doha very much so and I'm very glad to hear that he was in the cave because maybe that's why I had to chase him for some bus paperwork then so that's a good excuse but no I think and I think too what was what was really stood out to me and Doha was for Brenn and for obviously his coach Rob was how they prepared and how they adapted and dealt with the conditions and took on all the advice and all the experience that was given and that certainly was a big contribution to his performance in Doha so I have no doubt that they will do the same again and and will come into the games very well prepared. Yeah we'll mention a young county trone girl Elish Flanagan speaking of the 11th hour she done enough to get a secure a ranking place and is heading to to the games as well but what an experience this is going to be for this young girl from Gorchin outside Oma. Yeah and it's it's very hard to talk about Elish without talking about Roisin or twin sister and they're they're two amazing young girls now they're fantastic and they have been around European they've to their success in European Cross was very evident last year which was great and and I think very from very early on you know even at 2019 it was Elish was very much earmarked to be making that kind of qualification within the steeple case and you're absolutely right around that even not even experience but you know for the for the kids that are in college in America in terms of the whole ranking and the points system they were probably a little disadvantaged so for her to come out and have ran the you know the races that she's had when she's come home and got the points and got the times that she needed to get there is is absolutely fantastic I so it's absolutely now and I'm absolutely delighted for yeah Trisa as team manager what are you most looking forward to? Coming home. I have not just for me well I suppose really from a from a team perspective that you know you're just you're you're you're so focused on everything and your plans so much ahead and you're almost looking to be ready for the next step and I suppose I am a self-confessed control freak so you know once I'm organized then I'm ready to deal with whatever you can deal with and that you can solve that problem as a goal so in case of you know what you're doing is to facilitate as much as you can to make sure that F is kind of that best performance or if you have to fight their corner like I've had to do in the past then that you'll do that something like so just really that athletes perform and are happy with their performance and can perform on that big stage and then there's certainly you know I would be I would be dishonest if I said that I wasn't concerned about athletes welfare and how you know that they all will stay safe and that they'll come home safe as well too and then for my own act to be honest with you I just don't think I think that will probably hit me sometime maybe in September or October that have actually been there I think when you're so involved in what you're doing and you're so focused on doing your job and doing it really well and you're right in that moment that you don't get a get an opportunity to sort of look back and see what you've got out of it for yourself if that makes sense well you get an opportunity to take in some of the rest of the games when you're there are you going to be very much focused on going from hotel to track and you might maybe be able to experience it if it was a more than what it was it was a non-covid environment no and I think that's I think that's the thing that that saddens me most actually and more so for athletes I think athletes are not going to get that multi-cultural multi-sport event that the Olympics is so you know I think I'm more sad for them than myself I suppose and and I suppose I also think that I really would hope that I'm too busy to be able to go and see other sports because it means that our own athletes are doing really really well and they're progressing and that you're going to the track and doing that every day with them but but again yeah especially because they're you know of the other Donegal connections you know you'd be loving to get out and sort of kind of cheering on the other Donegal interests that are there as well too but from that perspective I think because of the situation with COVID it is unlikely but as well as that I'm really hoping that just because I'll be too busy with the athletes are doing so well that I won't have time to go anywhere else yeah well listen I hope you're busy have a wonderful Olympics hopefully it's a successful one for Ireland and a very very safe one as well so take care tracing the best of luck with thanks so much and I'll see you


Welcome back to our meds smarter question of the week where we're taking a smarter approach to preparing future physicians Before we get started if you'll click that like button and also Subscribe and turn the bell on so that you'll be notified when we post new videos. So let's get started with that question As always we start with the last sentence of the vignette and then read the rest so we know what we're looking for Which of the following changes would most likely be seen in the brain of this patient a 43-year-old female comes to the physician because of the gradual onset of involuntary facial and extremity movements Increasing mood swings and difficulty with her memory. She says that her mother displayed similar symptoms when she was in her fifties Which the following changes would most likely be seen in the brain of this patient? So let's take a quick look at our answer choices a accumulation of neurotic plaques B copper accumulation in the basal ganglia C Gliosis of the caudate nucleus D loss of pigmentation of the substantia nigra or E scattered plaques of demyelination take a minute Read the question and answer choices again come up with your answer and write it in the comment box below So some important things to look at in this question is that we have a 43-year-old female and That she is having facial and extremity movements that are involuntary increasing mood swings and memory issues She did say that her mother had the same symptoms when she was in her fifties. That's an important key factor here So what we're seeing Between fifties of her mother and then 43 of the patient. We're seeing something called anticipation This is where we're getting the disease onset earlier in the successive generations. So what? disease has Extremity facial movements mood swings and memory issues along with it shows anticipation. I think we're dealing with Huntington's disease And if you can remember Huntington's disease is a trinucleotide repeat of CAG. So going to this question What are we looking for as far as changes in the brain of this patient? All right So I remember that Huntington's disease affects the caudate and the putamen mostly so let's see which answer choices can Fit with that information Accumulation of neurotic plaques. Nope. These are not neurotic plaques. That's an Alzheimer's issue Copper accumulation in the basal ganglia. Nope. That would be Wilson's disease Gliosis of the caudate nucleus. There's our caudate that we were looking for so that might be our answer Let's continue on and make sure that we don't have any other possible answer choices before we select that one Loss of pigmentation the substantia nigra. We all know that that is Parkinson's disease So that is not the case and then scattered plaques of demyelination, which is multiple sclerosis. That's not our answer choice Therefore we're going to go with C. Gliosis of the caudate nucleus And that is the correct answer. Gliosis of the caudate nucleus So as I said earlier, this is Huntington's disease And it has that trinucleotide repeat Can you remember which one it is? CAG So our classic presentation here is career form movements dystonia altered behavior in dementia So this is an autosomal dominant inheritance So therefore coming from the mother to the daughter and showing anticipation where we're seeing it arrive earlier through each successive generation and then as we mentioned the caudate and the putamen Are the affected areas in the brain specifically what's going on here is Gliosis And that Gliosis is causing the hyperkinesia If you found this material helpful for your studying, please like and consider subscribing to the channel Also, share this video so that more people can benefit from it like you have


That equality relationship in the workplace with will invariably impact on the desired productivity and outcome, especially for nation building. This was a submission of the convener of the employee marketplace buying and selling of Gen Z's building trust and leadership support in modern workplace held in Lagos. It is a fifth in a series of research and presentations focused on young professionals in the modern workplace. The searchlight here is on how to achieve cross-generational balance, productivity and innovation in the workplace. Under-night chair Izirike is a convener. He believes organization must be intentional in terms of designing policies, programs that must ensure that these generations work together. He is also of the views that policies must be designed in such a way that recognizes a shift in technology and behaviors, but at the same time not destroying the values of the organization. Especially for nation building, if you don't get a workplace right, you cannot get a marketplace right. So all we have done is to be able to continuously engage Nigerians to understand that the workplace must be strong enough to accommodate several generations in that way, the future of work will work for everybody. I wouldn't say the values are changing, but the values have been watered down because now people are looking towards tending to survival as opposed to just living a nice happy life, you know, with a nice economy and a fantastic political environment and landscape. So because of how things have moved, they really don't have a choice than to shift towards survival and then sometimes to survive you need to let people know that they can get it. Blinding between generations, no doubt, can be much of an issue. Nevertheless, most participants hold strongly that the reset depth of wisdom, experience and collaboration that could be gained in both generations view things with a learning and growth perspective. They also posited that the quality of relationship in the workplace will invariably impact on the productivity and desired outcome. I always say that motive is the critical thing. If you can understand motives, you can relate to anybody. Once you're not biased about motives and it makes it bridge, it breaches that gap, the divide and you'll be able to relate to anyone because you're able to understand why each person is doing what they want to do, what they want to achieve. Inasmuch as disruption, as I know it is a positive world, but disruption without the process, disruption without the goals, disruption without the structure cannot take place, all right. So you must be able to align whatever goals you have with the process. They believe in structure. This has been the way it is before. So it has to keep being the same thing, but it's not the same for with the Gen Z. So they need to calm down, learn to understand us, have a meeting point with us. They understand why we try to understand them, but I think they have the more responsibility to really come down from the high horses and understand us, understand the way we think and the way we do our things. Mr. Austin Osukbo is worried about how some of the Gen Zs express their energy. Our positive things about Gen Z, there is so much huge energy in Gen Z, but how do they express that energy? What opportunities do they have to express that energy in our society today? You see people lock themselves inside, they have to go out. They are not spotting facilities. The stadiums are rotting away. And youth have energy. They must express that energy one way or the other. The beauty and the strength of every organization lies in the versatility the organization brings to form. And this lies on the fundamental strength you get from your diversity. The younger ones, the older ones, people with different views. It's only in the creative space that we play. These guys have got a lot of energy they bring in, but at the same time, teachability is non-negotiable. That's where the confluence of energy and ideas come to form. So it is important. The balance, non-negotiable. The consensus is that the younger ones need to learn how to manage reputation. Just as the older ones must learn how to listen and be humble enough to apologize when wrong. Love Ikuku Uyidoku. Plus TV News.


Shelabu waka kumumba zaqanda infrastasya. Umйakumama kumumba na hweno mwakumama. Mwaka kumawama mwaka mwaka. Mwaka kumumba jugu fuja mwaka, kumumba mwaka kumumba, that have got legal problems and legal problems range from domestic violence, dispositions of land, inheritance issues, diverse and so many other things. Currently favoritism also responsible for a project funded by de-for-i-d through IED it is on social legal empowerment of small colder farmers wiki in the tea industry and she has been working with an association trying to empower them so that they can mainstream gender in their work, but also in their association, but also empowering them so that they can advocate for better conditions as they interface with the tema tea estate. Thank you.


Plugins, plugins, plugins, whilst our door may have replaced a tape machine and console, plugins give us access to instruments and effects in a convenient and affordable way. I probably have too many installed, so what if I had to pick just 5? Hi folks, I'm Mike and I hope you're well. Now behind this rather crinkled curtain is my new studio. Ooh mysterious, not really, it's just not quite ready yet, but it will be soon. Now when I get into my new studio I will continue to use some of my favourite plugins. Although I have thousands of them, I've picked 5 of them today. My top 5 is going to be different to your top 5 and I think the number one spot may be a little bit surprising to some of you. Now another thing that I will continue to do is have DistroKid as a sponsor for this channel. If you follow the VIP link in the description down below, you'll get 7% off an already amazing price to distribute your music to the world. Now there were many plugins to pick from and I've picked some virtual instruments and some effects as well. We're going to start off with one of my favourite virtual instruments. For the longest time, this was my go-to piano. This is a Leisure's Keys, it's a contact library and it's a wonderful contemporary sounding piano. I also particularly like the dampen sound with this. Now if I wanted something with a bit more character, I may have to swap it out for this, the Gentleman, this is an upright piano. Also a contact library and a really nice quality instrument if you want some character of sort of a bar room sound if you like. Now if I wanted something a bit more grand sounding, then I'd go too well. The Grandeur, this is much more of a sort of a concert piano sound great for sort of classical soundtrack kind of things. Now the thing about all of these is they sound wonderful partly because they're actual samples of real pianos. So each note of the piano is recorded at different velocities and that's how they create the library. That's also the downfall of these plugins because it means they're not that versatile. If you want to sort of change the character of the sound and that's one of the reasons why this is my favourite piano plugin and it's my number five pick. I've been using this a lot over the last year or two. It's on version eight at the moment. I started I think on version six or so and this is very different to the others because it's not made up of samples at all. This is a modelled piano. So the idea here is the sound is actually generated from the ground up by the plugin. Once it knows the characteristics of the piano that it's got to create, that means that we can change it very easily. But before we get into that, I just want you to have a listen to this kind of default sound, which is this Steinway D Prelude. I've got to tell you there's something about playing this particular piano. It feels more natural when you're playing it on the keyboard than some of the other ones I've mentioned. For some reason, I haven't figured out what that is, but it just feels more sort of organic for some reason. Now, as I say, we could swap it out or change the character of the piano quite easily. There's lots and lots of presets to choose from. Let's go for an upright sound. We've got this one here, U4Tool. Have a listen to that. Now here's where it gets really interesting because it's modelled, we can go in and tweak characteristics of this piano. If we click here, we can see a whole bunch of things that we can change here. There's also some other things down here, like mallet bounce, for example. So we can really go in and tweak that sound. An interesting one I want to show you, an interesting way to tweak the sound is down at the bottom here. This is the condition of the piano. We can change it on the fly because it is modelled. We can start at Mint, which is just a perfect sound in sort of piano, and go all the way over here to warn. And you can see the interface has changed to reflect that. Let's kind of go halfway down here to a piano, which is probably a little bit out of tune and in not great condition. Let's have a listen. We can do that so easily because it is modelled. Now it's not just acoustic pianos, which piano tech includes. We can also load up, for example, this one, a Tynes electric piano. Let's have a listen to this. And it's sort of interestingly in this latest version, and you can sort of take this with a pinch of salt, because it's probably not why you would get this plug in, but they've also started to model things like sort of guitars in there. So we've got a classical guitar, for example. There's actually a range of other instruments in there, apart from acoustic pianos. I'm a rimmer here, for example. Let's have a listen. These are probably not the main reason you would get this plug in. It's the range of pianos, which you can then go in and adapt, which would be the reason for you getting hold of this. And I've got to tell you, I have not been disappointed whatsoever. This is Superior Drummer 3 from TuneTracker. Really sophisticated drum plug-in. There's lots of kits available. You can create your own kits and things. There's a great mixer here, which is really very versatile. You can send each individual drum out to different tracks on your door and really get control over the sound. You've got some grooves included, for example. And overall, it's just a very, very well-made drum plug-in, which I use sometimes. Now, it sounds like this with one of the kits. As you can hear, just a great overall, especially here with an acoustic drum kit, great sound. I do sometimes use this in my productions, but it's not my favorite drum plug-in. Now, many of you have recommended to me that I should try out Steven Slate Drums 5. And I know for many of you, this is your favorite drum plug-in. I haven't had a chance to do that yet. Maybe I will in the future, but I wanted to mention it because this may well, for all I know, be the best drum plug-in. I just haven't tried it fully. I'm going to use the free version of it. My actual favorite drum plug-in of all time is this, Addictive Drums 2. I think the reason I like this is, first of all, it loads up really, really quickly. It's got all of those versatile features you get with your mixer effects, all that kind of things. Many, many drum kits, which you can swap out, we'll have a listen to those in a moment. But I also really like the sort of default sounds, you know, just loading it up and quickly getting some drums going. So for example, let's just have a listen to this. Nothing to write home about in one sense, but just we'll get you going with a song really, really quickly. A basic drum sound like that. And there's an enormous variation of kits that you can get as well. So this was, this one, have a listen. Let's swap over to something different. Fair facts. I mean, a bog standard kit sounds really great. And that's if you want sort of traditional acoustic sounding kits, we've got this one, Fairfax 2, we'll move on. We've got bigger sort of rock sounding kits like this one. Black Velvet, yeah. And we go through things, you know, we've got R&B kits, we've got another heavy kit here, a pop sound, lots and lots of kits. And you go all the way through to sort of more unusual things like electronic kits as well, you know, sort of 808 sounds and things like that in there. And just the funk is good by the way as well, really like that. Just a great range of things, great when it comes to these jazz kits as well. We've got some brushes in there which I sometimes use. So, you know, lots of variations in sound with addictive drums, which I really appreciate. Here is that, that brush sound. Oh yeah. So that's one of the reasons I really love it. We've got all of those features. I say we can go into the kit here and we can swap out individual drums like so. We can just, you know, choose a different drum to go into that slot. If we go into editing, we can edit each drum in terms of, you know, so it's envelope and things like that. We can swap out different effects on individual drums. Incredibly versatile. I'll put a link for it in the description. It's my number four pick as one of my favorite plugins ever. I guess it could be important for makers of these plugins to be in top fives like this prestigious one. A bit like how it's important for you to get on a playlist when you release your music to Spotify. One of the ways to get more listens to your music is to get on a Spotify playlist. Now DistroKid makes this fun and easy for you to get on their playlist with a feature called the Wheel of Playlist. I'm going to go to the top of my DistroKid account here, click on the menu at the top there, then go down to get heard now and then click on Wheel of Playlist. The first thing I need to do is pick one of my songs. I'll go ahead and pick one randomly here and then I click on connect with Spotify. I then have to agree that DistroKid can access my Spotify account, which I have done here, and then the Wheel of Playlist comes out. Now the idea here is that you get three spins and the best of these three spins determines how high up you are on the playlist. I'll click on the first one. Now of course the higher up you are on a playlist, the more likely it is that your music will get heard. I'll click again here and we've come up with what we've got. It's teasing me, 2880. And then finally we have... Oh, 1927 is the best result. Now don't worry, you can play this every single day to increase your chances of getting a higher ranking. This is included for free with your DistroKid account. Follow the link in the description down below to get 7% off today. This is Ozone 10, the latest version of the renowned mastering suite from Isotope. I used to use this for all of my mastering from beginning to end. I don't do that anymore, we'll talk about that later, but I still think it's incredible, sweet. We're looking at the artificial intelligence result at the moment. It's analysed my track and it's come up with some basic settings to get me going. But I can of course go in and tweak each individual module. We've got an EQ here, there's the stabiliser, impact, imager, dynamic EQ and finally maximiser. This is mostly for setting the loudness and it's this as an individual plugin, which is actually my number three pick. Now it may not be the most exciting sort of plugin of all time, but it is very, very useful. I probably use it in every single production. The reason it's so useful is because I'm often targeting particular values when I'm doing my limiting. So for example, I may want to make sure that I've got a true peak value of minus one. I'll click on true peak at the top here and just drag this ceiling down to minus one. I know I won't go over that. But more often than not, we're trying to set something called the LUFS value these days for streaming services. At the moment, the LUFS value is set to minus 11. I'm just going to go in and change that to minus 14. For example, and the next thing I need to do is then just click on learn threshold. Okay, so I click that. It's playing the track already. And you can see it's adjusting this threshold. If I give it enough time, it'll eventually come up with a great value there, which means we will get the result we want in terms of minus 14 for LUFS. Okay, that saves me having to sort of get an analyzer out and a limiter separately and keep adjusting it and tweaking it and tweaking it till I get it where I want to. Okay, it's just like an automated process. That's a great time saver and gets you the result that you want. Now, of course, we get many plugins that come with our doors. These are called stock plugins, but I have a question for you. If you had to pick just one non-stock plugin, what would it be? Usually, any of the major doors have stock plugins, including EQ plugins. Okay, and they're often very, very good. They often have the features that you need to get the job done. But sometimes you want a little bit more than just getting the job done. You want to get the job done really efficiently and really well. And that's where I think my number two pick really excels, particularly above the stock plugins, but really above any other plugin of this type that we see out there. And of course, you probably have guessed that my favorite EQ plugin is FabFilter Pro Q3, not just me, but for many people. I think the reason why this is so popular, because it's got so much functionality, but it feels very intuitive and quick to use. You get the job done with it really well. There's some things you can do with it, which you can't do with a lot of the stock plugins, especially. Now, let me give you an example. When we look at some of these stock plugins, this is the Cubase one, the Logic one, we've got the Studio one one here, and the Cakewalk one there as examples. They've all got areas in them where they have knobs as well. You can see the low, low, mid, high, mid and high here. These relate to specific frequency bands. And because they all have that, they're kind of tied to the idea of having a set number of bands. Because Pro EQ doesn't do that, it makes it really flexible. You can just add as many bands as you want. Or I don't think there's any limit anyway. I've certainly never reached it. So we can go in and just create a new band here just by clicking on the line in the middle, start dragging that node around. And you'll see that the controls for it have appeared at the bottom and they move around with it. That means the interface has now become incredibly flexible, as I say, because I can add many, many bands. But I'm only seeing the controls for the one that I want to control at the moment. Now, we can control things down here, but they tend to think of things really cleverly, which make it nice to use. Like, for example, we can control it down here. But up here, we can also control it with this hovering sort of interface here. And we can use our scroll wheel and our mouse, for example. I'm adjusting the cue at the moment. I'm adjusting the gain by holding control. For example, here, I can go in here and change the type of node that we're using there. Okay, so it just feels very intuitive to use. But at the moment with everything I've shown you, you could actually do it with another EQ, with the stock EQ. So what are the extras that you start to get in there? Well, first of all, we have things like the ability to analyze and compare other tracks which have this EQ applied. So let's go down to the bottom here, I'll just click on the analyzer. We can see a list of the other instances of this EQ I've got in my project. I'll go to the base one here, click on that. You can see that we're now seeing in red, the frequency analysis of the base guitar. There's also these sort of red sort of heat areas here. That's showing where we may have some masking going on. So masking is where two instruments are really occupying strongly the same space. And you probably want to carve one out so that the other one can be heard. Okay, so this is very helpful with masking. When we did go down to the bottom here as well, we saw another feature available there, EQ matching. So we can actually match the EQ from other tracks. It's going to basically create an EQ curve. So it has a very similar sonic characteristic to the other instrument or a whole track. We can apply that to, of course, as well as a whole song meaning. So lots of features in there. As I say, very intuitive things like, you know, down at the bottom here, if I were to add a node, it automatically has created a high pass filter node there, rather than, you know, the regular sort of bell curve. So I don't have to go and swap it out. It saves me time. The same when I, you know, go up to the top here, it'll do the same when I create a new one. Of course, they can be changed to something like, you know, a sort of a shelf if you want to. So, you know, lots of features in there, many more than I've covered at the moment. Oh, almost forgot, didn't I? One of the most important ones, and you're also forgetting something, is the fact that we've also got dynamic EQ in here. It works really well. So we'll choose this node here. That may be a problematic frequency, which we want to cut, but not all the time. We go into the controls over here, just slide this ring down. That turns it into a dynamic EQ node there. We'll adjust the Q. And what that means for those of you who don't know is that, yes, that will now be attenuated. That frequency will be turned down lower, but only once it goes over a certain threshold, threshold. So not all of the time. This is an incredibly useful feature. Some stock plugins have begun to have this feature, not all of them, though. But I don't think there's any other EQ plugin, which is as complete as this plugin. Now, it's not that cheap, which is probably why you may have hesitated buying it. I will tell you that if you do go ahead and buy it, it's not something you're ever going to regret. Now, finally, I just want to touch on a comment that someone left on a video I've made about this plugin. Just the other day that I've left comments saying, complaining that YouTube has always focused on the functionality of this plugin, but never the sound of it. And the reason for that is because it doesn't have a sound. This is a transparent EQ. It's not there to add color or any characteristic to your track. It's just functionally an EQ and that's what makes it so good. It is functionally, functionally, I can't get my words out, it's functionally amazingly well designed this particular plugin. So I mentioned earlier how I'd use the Ozone Suite for mastering. There's a good reason for that because it's kind of got all of the things that you would need in terms of components for the mastering process. Okay, we looked at them earlier, all these different modules that you'll get, which you can also use as individual plugins as well. I'd also tried other solutions for mastering. For example, this one, the Lursen mastering console. These sort of things are great for a basic sound crafting, a basic sound. And, you know, you may find that very useful. But ultimately, I did find myself sort of going back to Ozone because it had all of those extra components that I felt I was wanting to use often in my mastering process. Now, despite the fact that we have artificial intelligence in this, we have all the components we need, I didn't eventually land on this as the sort of main mastering plugin that I was using for most of my productions. Because for the last, probably three years, I'm going to say, the plugin which I've picked as my number one pick has been what I've used. Now, the thing about this plugin is I feel like I'm revealing to you some secret source. Okay, so a little bit of magic. Once I tell you this, hopefully, like me, you'll find that you're going to get very, very quick and very pleasing results. The kind of thing that puts a smile on your face very, very quickly. My number one pick for my favorite plugin ever, I'm going to say, is from IK Multimedia. It's part of the T-Rac Suite, and it's called One. Why do I love this big yellow, orangey yellow plugin so much? Simply because of the results I get from it very, very quickly. If you think of mastering as a range of possibilities, we could just be controlling loudness, which is what a lot of people do. But there's also so many other aspects to the mastering process as well, EQ, compression, controlling transience, low-end saturation, all of those things are possibilities within the mastering process. And often we are using many plugins to deal with each of those things. Well, you know how you get those plugins, which are like one-nob plugins, you know, for a compressor. It's just got one knob kind of does it for you. You can think of one as a collection of one knobs, yeah, if that makes sense. So for example over here, we have these three knobs, air, focus, and body. It's kind of like three bands of EQ in a way. Okay, so they're focusing on boosting or or attenuating particular areas. You know, I often love a little bit of air, so you'll often see that air pushed up a little bit for me, depending on the track, of course. We've got push, which relates basically to compression. We've got width, which speaks for itself, I guess, is a stereo imaging control, but just one knob there. We've got a limiter, which I generally don't use this knob. It's normally turned down to zero because I do use the plugin I mentioned earlier for this, which is name escapes maximizer is the one that I generally use for that side of things. We've got control over transients here. We can punch the bass here, the knobs speak for themselves here and adding in some saturation with this analog control over here. This is what I like about this. I don't have to delve into complex controls to get the results I want. I simply just grab each of these dials and dial it into the level I want using my ears. So in this way, it doesn't seem a very sophisticated plugin. There's no artificial intelligence in here. It's semi-automated if you like. But honestly, I just find that I very, very, very quickly get the results I want. Now, I've been working on a song here using this. Let's just have a listen to this piece of music for a few seconds without one switched on. So it's bypassed at the moment. And now let's switch on the same section again. This has got all those subtle little things that perhaps I could have achieved in the mix, but this is just adding that little bit of polish in there. I wasn't using this to make it louder. Did you notice that? It didn't get a whole lot louder when I turned it on. That's because I've already got that maximizer plugin working on the sort of level, on the loudness of things. But it just adds something extra to the track to finish it off. Absolutely love this plugin. It's very appropriate that it is my number one pick. Now earlier I mentioned that FabFilters Pro Q3 had a lot of functions that a lot of other plugins don't have. If you want to find out a little bit more about that, take a look at this video right here.