I'm an extreme extrovert. I get energy from other people. So if you don't laugh when I'm funny, you don't know how to appreciate it and leave it when it's a really good point. If you're not with me, this, my energy's gonna dip in this whole session. We're all just gonna end up with a nap. So, even you, young lady, I need you with me. You with me? Okay, four of you. Good. That's a good start. That's a good start. This guy's with me. All right, there we go. Okay, it was delayed, but we'll take it. All right. Okay. We got the young people over here. That's good. Yep, love it. All right, that's enough. Okay. Turn to the person next to you and say, it is good that you are here. Now, turn to the person through for whatever reason you didn't choose and say, Jesus loves you. This is a special place for me, not only because we're back doing conferences, but because right about in that area, right in that general vicinity. Yes, I asked a beautiful woman to marry me. Yeah, believe it or not. I asked my wife of 10 years right in that spot. Right there to marry me. She was the, yeah, you can clap for that. That was a big moment. She was the point guard of the women's basketball here at Franciscan, and I was the point guard for the men's basketball team here at Franciscan. So there's been a lot of things that have happened in this gym that are important to me, not the least of which was that. Also, right over in that area, I basically broke my nose. Right over in this area, my ankle exploded, and right over there, my thumb exploded. So my blood, sweat, and tears are literally in this place. So this is, I almost feel like I have to take my shoes off. This is like holy ground for me. So it is, it's just really good to be with you. I want you, as we begin tonight's session, or at least what I have to say, I want you to be thinking of two words throughout the entire time I'm talking. Two words rattling around in your brain, okay? First one is revelation. And the second is response. Revelation and response. A few years ago, my buddy and I, his name is Joey, we were starting a ministry to reach young adults, and we were starting locally in Ann Arbor, and we were trying all sorts of things because we just had this burning hunger to see my generation meet Jesus. We just had this burning hunger to help people encounter Jesus Christ, make a decision to follow him, and give their life to him. And we didn't really know what we were doing, but we had a lot of passion, and we had a lot of time, and we decided to go for it. And we decided to do this thing called Alpha. And Alpha's this wonderful course, yeah. Alpha's great. It's like a 12 week, 11 week course to help people meet Jesus. And we did it at my house, which was awesome because my wife was there and she has a gift for hospitality, and then my two daughters at the time acted as greeters, which was always kind of threw people off because they'd come into the house and there'd be like a four year old and two year old like shaking their hands and looking them in the eye, and you know, welcome, it was great. And we did about four of them, and it was good. You know, it was good. But the darndest thing kept happening. Christians kept showing up, and it was really annoying, you know, not because we don't love Christians, but because we were doing it to reach the loss to the people who are far from God, and all these people who are already believers started showing up, and it was like, yeah, this is good, but like, we want those who are way out there, you know, that was our beating heart. So we changed the rules a little bit. We said, you can't come to Alpha unless you bring your unchurched friend, okay? So the numbers dipped precipitously, you know? What was once about 30 people having dinner together turned her out to be four, but that's okay, because sure enough, we had three pagans in our house, and we were pumped, okay? Now, one of them was this guy named Miguel, and Miguel is a dear friend of mine, but Miguel is about six, six big dude, bald head, big old beard, and I had known him from middle school and high school, and I know that he had kind of drifted away from the Lord, but he showed up for the first week. He didn't say anything, which was okay. He ate our food, which was good, and he came back the next week, which was even better, and he brought a friend, but okay, something's happening here, you know? Weeks progressed, no joke, for four weeks he did not say a single word. He just showed up, ate our food, drank a beer, watched the video, and then left, but he kept coming back, right? Kept coming back. About halfway through the course is something called the Holy Spirit Weekend, and in this weekend where it's a very direct proclamation and it's an invitation to open yourself to the power of the Holy Spirit, so let me set the stage for you, okay? This was the scenario. It's about three o'clock in the afternoon on a Saturday in my ugly basement, so nothing about it said conversion moment, you know, because we all know conversions happen on Saturday night in a place like this, when random smoke is drifting from the sides of the stage, right? That's when Jesus moves. There was none of that. So we watched the talk and then this was the moment of truth. We were gonna invite these guys, it was Miguel, his friend, and this other girl named Bernadette, who were all, had clearly demonstrated that they were far from God. Actually, I don't know why I said it that way. I don't know how we, like, clearly demonstrated it. We just, they had told us, okay? Don't judge me, okay. We didn't judge them, you don't judge me. Okay, so it's the moment of truth and I'm standing behind him and Joey, my friend's on the guitar and he kind of does this little thing, he strums, he's like, boom, he's like, okay, boom. And we kind of make eye contact, I'm just like, go for it, man. And he's like, boom, okay. I'm gonna just ask you guys to stand up. You know, and maybe if you want, boom, close your eyes and open up your hands and we're just gonna sing a little bit and, you know, ask Jesus to show himself to you. And I'm in the back like, ugh. And, you know, the millennials' favorite word is awkward and I'm just like, this is so awkward. What's happening? And Joey just starts to sing and they, because they respected it enough at this point, open up their hands and I'm behind them and I'm just like, come on, Lord, get him.  Then Joey and I start to sing, open the eyes of my heart and we're the only two singing which is kind of problematic but we're going for it and he's strumming and singing and all of a sudden, Miguel, I'm looking at the back of him and all of a sudden his shoulders begin to shake like this and I'm like, great, he's laughing at us, you know? He eats my food, drinks my booze and now he's laughing at us, right? And so I'm like, well, I might as well see what's going on and I glance around him and he's a big do so I kind of lean around him like this and he's weeping, he's weeping and weeping and all of a sudden I look over and I'm not sure enough his buddy Cole, weeping and Bernadette is gone. I don't know how it happened, she just ended up in the corner, weeping, getting wrecked by the Lord. And so now Joey and I make eye contact again and I'm like, just keep playing, you know? And so for 45 minutes, we did nothing. Joey and I, other than just pray and sing and God moved. And God, Jesus, a revelation of the power, the majesty and the realness of Jesus Christ came over these three people. So afterwards we sat in a circle as you are always supposed to do after moments like this, right? So you can debrief, you know?  And Miguel, who basically hasn't spoken yet, okay? He goes, I'll never forget this, he goes, oh. He goes, God is real. And he goes, and a lot's gonna have to change. And Joey and I are like, yeah, you know? Fast forward. He goes to confession, starts going back to Mass. He helps us lead three more alphas. He's now part of something in our community called the Missional Community. He's leading every Sunday at Mass basically. I see him banging on the drums as part of our worship band. Miguel is an intentional, full, dynamic, missionary, whatever you wanna call it, disciple of Jesus Christ. I wanted to start with Miguel because I'm about to dive into scripture and show that our God loves to reveal himself and our God loves to reveal himself in such a way that demands a response. But as you hear about what he has done, know that he is doing it now. When you hear about what he's done, it's our heritage. But the reason we hold on to our heritage is because we believe and we know and it burns in us that it's not just something that we can look at and observe in St. Peter. It's not just something that we say, oh, isn't that great that that happened to Moses?  He's not overwhelmed by a quarantine. He's not thrown off by a mass. The Holy Spirit is not intimidated by the circumstances of what's going on. God is moving, he's alive and he's revealing himself. Amen?  So what we see when we start to look at the scripture, and we're gonna do a little scripture study together. When we look at where God, what God has done in our heritage, this salvation history, what you see over and over again is a loving father who is preoccupied with helping his people meet him and understand him and love him and obey him and walk with him. God is obsessed with connecting with us. I mean, that's literally the whole point of creation that out of love for us, he forms us in his image so that we can be in relationship with him. And the relationship is one that he gently but consistently reveals throughout all of salvation history. So it starts with Adam and Eve, of course, right? He literally walks with them in the garden. In a particular way, maybe more than any other human being that's ever lived, Adam and Eve experienced a unique relationship with God. But then of course, they screwed it up, right? And so do we, so again, we can't look at them too harshly but sin entered the equation and all of a sudden that revelation, that intimate relationship with the Lord, that relationship was so intimate that they literally walked with him in the cool of the day, had been ruptured. And then what you see throughout the rest of the Old Testament is this attempt by the Lord to continue to reveal himself, to continue to walk with his people but all of a sudden this sin problem had entered the equation and it changed the dynamic, didn't it? No longer could we just walk in the cool of the day with God. He had to veil himself. He had to hide himself in many ways. We couldn't handle the presence and the glory of God. So you see Moses, he's commissioned to go save the people of Israel. And where does God, how does God appear to him? In a bush, that's on fire, a burning bush. There's something true about that but there's something veiled, isn't there? There's a revelation of God in the bush and Moses hears his voice but there's something not complete to that. Think about Elijah.  No, is he in the storm? No, is he in the earthquake? No, he's in what? That's still small voice. A revelation of God. But is it complete? Is it the fullness of the revelation of God? No, something's still veiled, right? Let's see, let's think of a few others. Isaiah, here's a really powerful one in Isaiah. I'm just gonna read this one to you because it wrecked me when I read it. In the year that King Isaiah, I shouldn't have started there, I saw the Lord sitting upon a throne, high and lifted up. So he sees the Lord sitting on a throne but he's high and lifted up, isn't he? In his train filled the temple, above him stood the seraphim. Each had six wings.  And one called to another and said, holy, holy, holy is the Lord of hosts.  A revelation of God. A deepening, a drawing ever deeper into this relationship with him that had been ruptured with sin but something is still missing. He's still high and lifted up which is the best place for him to be to worship him but there's a distance between he and Isaiah. And Isaiah's response, revelation response is the appropriate one. It's kinda like Isaiah literally says then in the foundations of the thresholds shook at the voice of him who called and the house filled the smoke and I said, woe is me, for I am lost, for I'm a man of unclean lips and I dwell in the midst of a people of unclean lips for my eyes have seen the King and the Lord of hosts. Isaiah recognizes that in the presence of the glory of God where the seraphim inside now, Bishop Scott McKeg loves to do this thing where he says, you know, when we read holy, holy, holy, often we think like, holy, holy, holy, you know? As if the seraphim were, you know, Bob Rice in the classroom. Holy, holy, holy, you know? Sorry, Bob. No, no, what Bishop Scott says is it's like, holy, holy, holy, they can't contain themselves. The majesty is so powerful. The glory is so, so present. And yet listen to Isaiah's response. At this time and place it is the most appropriate response. Woe is me, I can't be in this presence. I'm not worthy. I'm a man of unclean lips. So what changes? What changes? Jesus, Jesus. All of a sudden in the beautiful plan of the Father, the revelation of who he is, the revelation of the life that we're called to, the revelation of our identity, our destiny, about who God really is and what he really thinks about us. All of a sudden, no longer is passing by in the cleft of the rock, no longer a pillar of fire, a pillar of smoke, no longer a still small voice enough. All of a sudden the Lord says, and you know what, we need, we need to take on human flesh. All of a sudden the sin problem needs to be dealt with. We need to be able to come and have people like Isaiah come into the presence of the king and be purified so that there would no longer be distance. So that as the Lord reveals himself, our response could be total, complete, radical and all-consuming. And so what does Jesus do? He goes on his mission, doesn't he? He takes on human flesh. He takes our flesh and everything that we deserve, the sin, the death, you know, the sin problem that leads to the death problem and he takes all that and he takes it right there. Wow, that was perfect timing. Look at that, to the cross. That's what Jesus does. A new revelation of God on the cross. And what do we see on the cross? John Paul II said, we see three things on the cross. God reveals three things. The revelation of God, the revelation of man and the revelation of sin.  What does that mean? This is the Lord of the universe. This is the one who is the Alpha and the Omega. This is the one who from all things flow and from all things are drawn back together. This is our God, the face of God.  Meditate on that face and meditate on that story. That you deserve, I deserve to be on that cross and our God said, no, I'm going. And I'm gonna take everything you deserve and I'm gonna take it to the grave and I'm gonna rise again and there's a whole new life accessible to you in relationship with me. Through faith in Jesus Christ. He suffered death and resurrection, so what? That he might be the Lord of the living and the dead. That's what Jesus does. That's what we see on the cross, the face of God. And then we see the face of man. Here is man fully alive. The fullness of who we are as a creation is actually seen in Jesus's sacrifice on the cross.  This is what sin leads to. Allow me for a moment to remind you who Jesus is. And I have a two-year-old, a four-year-old. Nope, no, that's wrong. I have a two-year-old, a five-year-old. Seven-year-old and a nine-year-old. And right now, listening is a challenge for all four of them. And so I'm gonna ask you to do what I ask them to do. Put your listening ears on, okay? Don't take notes. Just receive the revelation of who Jesus is right now. All right? Just receive this. He is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn of all creation. For in him all things were created in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or dominions or principalities or authorities. All things were created through him and for him. He is before all things, and in him all things hold together. He is the head of the body, the church. He is the beginning. He is the firstborn of the dead, that in everything he might be preeminent. For in him all the fullness of God was pleased to dwell. And through him to reconcile to himself all things, whether on heaven or on earth, making peace by the blood of his cross. Allness of God dwells in the face of Jesus Christ. Jesus is the perfect revelation of God. He is the fullness. He is the source. He is the summit. He is the very life. He is the bread. He is the foundation. He's the ultimate fulfillment. He is everything as it pertains to this human existence. We no longer have to wonder at what God looks like. We no longer have to try to figure out his signs. We no longer have to kind of say, oh, is he speaking through this bush? Or do I have to hide my face? No, unveiled face. Face to face. We encounter our God. Listen to this one. Christ Jesus, though he was in the form of God, did not count equality with God a thing to be grasped, but emptied himself, taking the form of a servant. Being born in the likeness of men, and being found in human form, he humbled himself and became obedient unto death, even death on a cross. Therefore, God has highly exalted him and bestowed on him the name which is above every name, that at the name of Jesus, every knee shall bow, and every tongue confess that he is the Lord. The only response to the revelation of the Lordship and majesty of Jesus Christ is that we bow our knee and we loosen our tongue and we proclaim that he is the Lord. Do you realize that Hollywood will bow its knee and proclaim that Jesus is the Lord?  That the rich, the poor, the Muslims, the Jews, the Christians, the Catholics, the Popes, the dead, the living, the angels, everyone as Jesus reveals himself in his power and his majesty will bow and proclaim. They will bow because the only thing you can do in the full revelation of Jesus, the only appropriate response, the only thing we are even capable of doing is on our face saying you are the Lord and I'm not. Every knee is going to bow and every tongue is going to confess, but some will do it because they love him, because it's an act of obedience, because it's an act of humility, and with great joy in their heart and others out of mortal terror, the revelation of Jesus. He's not hiding, we're not wondering. It's not confusing. There is a passage in here, and I can't remember off the top of my head in terms of the actual citation, but it says this, that God is not mocked. And I read that the other day and I thought, yes, he is. All the time. And what I realized and what the Lord convicted me is that what that passage means, it has a couple of different meanings. The first is ultimately, at the end, he will not be mocked. That the mocking and the scorn that he endured here is not the end, right? But what broke my heart, and I'm still dealing with it, is the mocking that he revealed to me was Catholics, Christians, who claim to know him, who claim to follow him, but deny his power, but don't actually live in and through him, that use him, that use Jesus as a means to some sort of life enhancement, that Jesus is just this buddy who's gonna make my life better. That is mocking God. Jesus is not just a kind of a means to an end.  He is the fullness of what we're created for. We need to repent. I need to repent for the ways that I've ignored his Lordship, for the ways that I've mocked his power, for the ways that I've claimed to know him, claimed to live from him. And in reality, I'm like, Jesus, you're great, but I'm doing something over here. And yeah, I need a little help here, but I'm in control. We cannot mock Jesus Christ. We cannot diminish Jesus Christ. We cannot water down Jesus Christ. And there is a movement even within our church right now to say that everything is Jesus. Or, yeah, you know, we all have a little piece of him or he's just a really good teacher or a great philosopher. No, he's the Lord. He's the Messiah. He's the king of kings and Lord of lords. There is no like him. He's one of one. And the only way, the only way we get to the point where this is true for us, the only way where this deep revelation of God that is Jesus, the only way that he comes and dwells with us and transforms us and makes us a living tabernacle is through his Holy Spirit, which is the power and purpose conference, which you all should get better than anyone else in the church, right? You all are crazy. We'll even call you charismatic just for the fun of it.  The point is, all of us through our baptism and confirmation, we have been baptized into a relationship with Jesus. We've been given the inheritance of the Father, the down payment of the Spirit. So we have become a living tabernacle of the presence of God. Nobody declares, nobody declares that Jesus is Lord without the Holy Spirit. Isn't that right? So think about it. Think about this guy, St. Peter. He's my favorite character in the Bible other than Jesus and Mary for obvious reasons.   You're Christ the Son of the Living God.  You know, I was like, whoa, that's a dip. Peter's the one who's walking on water and then sinks and walks on water again, well done. Peter's the one who sees the transfiguration, which is a revelation, right? And his response is like, hey, let's build tents, you know? And Jesus is like, no, we got work to do.   And so Peter's like, we'll wash everything, you know? Peter's the one who denies him three times. He says, he loves him three times.  He's up, he's down, he's all around, right?  That worked out perfectly. This is Peter, all over the place, Peter. But sold out for Jesus, Peter, right? And what do we see on Peter and Pentecost? He's there with the other apostles and the people gathered. And they're doing what they're told to do. They were told to wait and pray. So they're waiting and praying. I mean, they know the Holy Spirit's coming, but they have no idea what it's gonna look like. Jesus didn't give a whole lot of details. He didn't say anything about tongues of fire and wind and strange languages. No, he just said, wait and pray. So they're good disciples. They do what they're told. They wait and they pray. And the Holy Spirit comes and they don't say, wow, this is weird, try again, you know? They receive a revelation of God and they receive their responses, receptivity, cooperation, acceptance, praise. And they're launched out of the upper room and all of a sudden, Peter, who can't seem to string two sentences together, launches out of the upper room, acts to, and delivers, basically like the mission statement of the church. He steps into his role as the pope. He stands with his other apostles. He declares something on a matter of faith and morals in a public way, which means, as Catholics, we know what that means, right? It starts with an eye and rhymes with reshmallable. It's infallible. Some of you didn't get that. That's okay. It's late, I get it, you know? I'm moving fast. So Peter stands there and he delivers. He reads the signs of the times. He tells people what's happening. We're not drunk. This was foretold. And listen how it culminates. This is our first pope demonstrating to us what it means to be in love with Jesus but be filled with his spirit. This is the cry of the church. This is the cry of a disciple. This is the cry of Peter. This is the cry of everyone who followed after him, who believed. Listen to this. This Jesus Christ raised up that all of us are witnesses being therefore exalted at the right hand of God and having received from the Father the promise of the Holy Spirit. He has poured out this, what you see in here. Now listen to this. This is our first pope laying it down. The standard, the message, the core. Let the whole house of Steubenville, sorry, let the whole house of Israel therefore know assuredly that God has made him both Lord and Christ, this Jesus whom you crucified. There it is again, Lord and Christ. Not a watered down Jesus anymore. Not a Jesus I'm buddy buddy with. No, everything, the fullness of Jesus is presented to this crowd who literally killed him. Not that long ago. And now hear the response. Revelation, right? Here it is again, revelation through the preaching of Peter. Now response, what's the response to the crowd? They look at him and they say, what should we do? Honestly, that should be the goal of all of our evangelistic efforts. Wouldn't it be wonderful if we got to the place through our words and our lives where we had people coming up to us and saying like, oh, what should we do? Cause they had been cut to the heart, right? The spirit had moved, revelation, response. And what does Peter say? What's the proper response? What's the appropriate response when Jesus cuts to your heart through the power of his Holy Spirit? Peter of course says, go register for your parish. No. No, he doesn't say, he says give 10%. No, he says this. Repent, repent for the forgiveness of your sins and be baptized and you too shall receive the Holy Spirit. Revelation, response. The Lord is and will reveal himself. The question is, what is your response? Is it to bow and proclaim or is it to mock and run?  I didn't intend to do that, man, that just kind of came out of me. Like it's one thing to kind of walk around and do all those things, but the real question could be like, well, Pete, how did Jesus reveal himself to you? Fair question. So I was raised and what I came to find out was an exceptional Catholic family. What I mean by that is we went to Mass every Sunday. We prayed the rosary way more than I would have liked and both my parents were believers. They really believed. They had been converted more deeply in college through the Charismatic Renewal actually in the Word of God community up in Ann Arbor and they were believers. And what was interesting was not only did I have my parents who believed, but all their friends believed which is really powerful. I wouldn't be here today if it weren't for, I can think of about 30 different men who cared about my spiritual life growing up. I would go over to the Ralph's house, the McCarrie's house, the Crestus house, the Herbex house, you know, you name it, the Chocolate's house, and I'd be sitting there, we'd be watching TV and I didn't know this, but my dad had conspired with all the other dads to do these things and we'd be watching TV and Mr. Ralph would say, hey, you know, how's basketball going? I'd tell him and he'd say, oh, what's Jesus doing in your life? That wasn't unusual. It was annoying, but it wasn't unusual. And I'd come up with some answer for him, but what was really powerful is now that this thing that my parents believed was shared by other normal people because your parents are always just kind of, you know, your parents, you know, but to see other normal people that I respected and loved also believing this thing was really powerful. And yet, even in the midst of all that, you know, growing up, the thing I cared most about was sports. My dad had been a baseball player at Michigan, he had been the MVP his senior year, and so I just grew up wanting to be him and wanting to be a baseball player and I was pretty good and I played basketball and I played all these sports and I was about nine years old and I was pitching and catching every game and all of a sudden I developed this, you know, soreness in my shoulder. And when you're nine, you shouldn't have soreness anywhere, right? You should be able to like run into a tree and not get sore. And so I went to my dad and he took me to the doctor and I'll never forget this. I'm sitting in the doctor's office and the doctor comes in and he says, you know, Pete, I don't know how to tell you this, but you've developed a condition called epiphycitis, which is just a fancy word for pain.   So, you know, in the grand scheme of things, not that big of a deal, but for a nine year old whose whole life is built around this idea of being a baseball player, it was a really big deal. My dream had popped, you know? And so I was miserable and for about two weeks I was moping around the house and the pain got so bad I couldn't even raise my arm above my shoulder like this.  And I said, all right, you know, I'd seen them do it, I trusted them.  And all of a sudden, of course, the skies opened up and a dove descended and a voice from the heavens said, this is my, no, none of that happened. I felt nothing actually, nothing changed. I didn't get healed and nothing changed about it. But what happened is week after week after week, all of a sudden I realized there was this peace within me, this joy within me, the stability within me that I didn't know where it was coming from really. But I became convinced and over a course of very gentle polling, the Lord just started to reveal His face to me. I would receive communion and I'd come back into the pew and just have these incredible encounters with the Lord. And I can't explain it. It wasn't like this emotional thing, it wasn't something I was seeking. I just knew it, you know? I just came to know that God is real and He loves me. If you had asked nine-year-old people right, what is the most true thing in your life? I would have said that God is real and He loves me. I just knew it, you know, kind of in this section. I just knew it with my knower. I just believed, you know? Faith had been poured into my heart. And as that started to grow, I realized I wanted more. Oh my gosh, Jesus is amazing. I want more. And my parents prayed over me in tongues every night. And so I thought, you know what? I want that. Nine years old. So I went into the living room one night and I said, mom and dad, I'm not going to bed tonight until I get the gift of tongues. And like any wise parents, they said, oh, okay. Yeah, great, great.  So I went into my bed and I laid down and I just started praying. I said, Lord, I want the gift of tongues. And I'm not going to sleep until it happens. And I prayed and prayed and about an hour later, nothing had happened.  And my dad said, how about you go back into the bed and ask for it, say, Lord Jesus, I love you. I give you my heart. Please baptize me in your Holy Spirit and give me the gift of tongues. And he said, and then peed after that, just say the name of Jesus over and over again and see what happens.  Please baptize me in your Holy Spirit and give me the gift of tongues. And I started to say the name of Jesus over and over again. And he's a good father. And he gives gifts to those who ask and to those who open and those who don't get freaked out by the gifts. And I cooperated, next thing you know. So I ran down the hallway. I said, mom and dad, it happened. And they were like, awesome, you know? It was this big celebration. We had ice cream at 11 o'clock at night. It was amazing, we had ice cream. And all of a sudden now I'm filled with the spirit. These things that you see in Peter, this boldness was growing in me at nine years old. I knew that God was real. I knew that he loved me. And his spirit was burning in my heart and it was confirming it and confirming it and confirming it and taking me deeper. I mean, I was just being drawn into a revelation of God. So fast forward a little bit. I'm getting ready for high school. If you'd ask ninth grade Pete Burrack. Pete, what's high school gonna be like? I would have said two things. I would have said, I'm gonna win a state championship in basketball, golf and baseball once I'm able to throw again. And I'm gonna help convert all the heathens at my high school. Because something interesting had started to develop in me. A pride had started to set in. An ownership of the gifts. A mocking of God. Where all of a sudden what had been true gifts, true cooperation, unmerited grace was now all of a sudden mine. I owned it. I could kind of power my way through. So first day of high school, walking up. This is a Catholic high school. I walk up to the front door, ready to go. Here we go. Open the door, take a left. Walk down the senior hallway. As I'm starting to get to my locker as I'm starting to walk down the senior hallway, I'm kind of like navigating in and out and it turned into something like in a movie in my mind.  Like it was like Dante's Inferno in my mind, at least. And I weave my way to my locker and I try to open it and I can't because I'm a freshman. And I put my head up against the locker, literally. And I said, oh my goodness, Jesus, those seniors are big and they're bad. And you know what? I don't think I want them to know that I know you. And so an interesting thing started to happen. It started to live two lives. When I was at school, I was Pete Burrack, the athlete, the good kid, good student. If you had asked any of my classmates, does Pete know Jesus? They would have been like, I don't know. And then as soon as I left the school, pulled Jesus out of my pocket, put it on like an old coat. And by the time I got home, I was the same old Pete that my parents expected. Can't do that, can't serve two lords, can't serve two masters. Like I already said, your knee's gonna bow, but every knee is ultimately gonna bow to the same thing and the same person. But there's a time right now that we call our lives where we can actually choose to bow to something else. And I was trying to genuflect over here and over here and over here and over here and over here. It wasn't working. So the most pivotal moment of my life was about three quarters of the way through my freshman year. We're sitting, it's an all school mass and I'm sitting in this pew with all of my buddies, all of whom were raised in a very similar way, all of whom have had a revelation of Jesus and all of us are not living it, okay? So we're all sitting there too cool for school. And I'm Father Lobert's giving the homily and I'm just kinda like checked out, you know? And all of a sudden, I don't know if you've ever experienced this before, but where just something comes over you like, I'm sorry, I've ignored this entire section of the audience. Hello friends, I apologize, this is good. Okay, sorry, I have sometimes the ADD kicks in. Chris mentioned that like I really do have it anyway. Okay, so all of a sudden something comes over me and I'm just like, what's going on? And I sit up a little straighter and I start to listen to what Father's saying. And Father Lobert, God bless him. I'll never, never forget this. He's preaching and honestly, I don't even remember what he was saying. But all of a sudden he just stops, right? Basically in the middle of a sentence and he goes, all right. Any of you who've ever experienced God, please stand up. Yeah, right? So a couple of people stand up over here, a couple of people stand up over here, a few over there. I couldn't stand up. I was like rooted to the pew. I wanted to, I knew I was lying, I knew I was denying him, I knew that I had definitely experienced God and I couldn't stand up. Father I think was expecting most of the church to be standing. This is a Catholic school for goodness sake. So he makes it a little easier on us. He goes, okay, okay, okay. How many of you have ever been outside in nature and seen a beautiful mountain or the ocean and something stirred within you that maybe God exists and he's like, stand up.  For the second time, I couldn't stand up. Fun fact, not a single member of this pew, of boys, had stood up. And I know for a fact that if one of us had stood up, ooh, the whole row would have stood up, but we're all a bunch of chickens and couldn't do it. I'm rooted to the pew. I know I'm denying him, but I couldn't do it. The weight of the peer pressure in the living into two lives, I couldn't get on my feet. So now Father Lobert makes it even easier on us. He's like kind of distraught at this point. And he's like, okay, okay.  Like, and he's kind of like, no, no, no, no.  So the whole choir stands up.  I wanted to, I knew I should. I didn't do it. Now, there was one very important person who was standing and that was my mother because she came to every all school mass and she was in the back of the church, basically shooting lasers into the back of my head wondering why I wasn't standing, you know. Why aren't you standing, you know? And to this day, she and my dad think it's hilarious that they named me Peter, you know?  The rest of that day I was miserable because I knew I had denied the Lord. And I didn't know this, but my parents talked to each other on the way home. My mom called my dad in tears and explained the whole situation to her and he said, Emily, this is the best thing that could have happened for our son. They hatched a plan. And I came to find out that it was, they called it a come to Jesus meeting. And I got home that day, opened the front door and there was a carpet or a pathway of used tissues leading me into the living room because apparently my mom had been crying all afternoon, you know, and wanted me to know it, you know? She has a flair for the dramatic. It just was guiding me, you know? And so I walked in and she's on the couch all red-nosed and red-eyed and she goes, why didn't you stand up? And I said, I don't know.  Which is every kid's favorite phrase, right? So I'm sitting there and my dad comes home and he kind of flows into the living room and I wish he could have met my dad. He passed away a few years ago. He was my hero and he's been interceding for us for sure, but he was a very gentle, very strong, confident, but very gentle man. But in this moment, there was a fire like St. Peter. There was a fire like St. Paul.   And he culminated with this moment and I'll never, ever forget. And I'll never, ever be able to express, especially now that he's gone to him my gratitude for this moment, but he grabbed me by the shirt like this. And he pulled me to himself and he said, son, who are you? Who are you? Are you the man I thought you were?   You need to decide today, son, who is the Lord of your life?  And friends, you can guess what I chose. You can guess what became the rallying cry then of my life, that I will always, I will always stand up for Jesus Christ. I will always when asked, step forward and say, yes, I know the man. I know who is the Lord of my life. And I know that he's the Lord of my life, not just because he was revealed to Bart, not just because he was revealed to my dad, but even through my dad, operating in the power of the Holy Spirit, I encountered once again the living God who loved me, a revelation of God's glory and majesty and power and goodness and freedom and joy all was laid before me. And the only response was to say yes, to bow and to proclaim. And so I'm gonna proclaim it one more time so there's no doubt and so that the record may show that if they drag me before the court, they can play this video. Jesus Christ is the Lord of my life. Amen? So friends, you're already starting to do it, but here's the thing, I wanna give you the same opportunity. I wanna pose the same question to you. Jesus is going to and is revealing himself today in this gym that Jesus Christ is here, he is present, he is not hypothetically here, he is actually here. And he's extending on his hand and he says, do you want to serve me? Do you wanna follow me? Do you wanna know me?  All right, pause for a second. Let me make one really simple point before we begin to worship.  You wanna make him the Lord of your life.  Whatever your reasoning, whatever doubt, whatever's happening in you in this moment, you proclaimed to the people around you, to me, and most importantly, to God, that you're gonna stand up for him. And here's the thing, the devil is gonna try to rob you at this moment. He's gonna try to convince you it was a motion. He's gonna try to convince you that it doesn't really matter, that it was just a simple standing on your feet. No, no, no friends, we are Catholics, we are body and soul, we actually do physical things to represent deeper realities. This is not a sacrament, I'm not trying to say that, but we do actually move with our bodies, we do proclaim with our tongues, we do demonstrate to the Lord what we believe and you demonstrated that you believe and that you want more. So friends, I would invite you to close your eyes and open your hands. And if you've given your life to the Lord 1,000 times, praise God. If you've never given your life to the Lord, praise God. This is a moment to once again invite the Lord to reveal himself to you.  Jesus, show me your glory. Jesus, show me your love. Jesus, open your face to me. For Jesus, we give you our lives. And just in the quiet of your hearts, friends, right now, talk to him, tell him what you think. And if you're bold enough to say it out loud, say it out loud. Jesus, I love you. Jesus, I praise you. Thank you, Lord Jesus, for this invitation of your relationship with me. Thank you for your glory. Come, Holy Spirit.


Hei ychydig, rwy'n gobeithio ilineg y dyma gyda y cyfnodd o gyffredin, ac bod yn gyffredin ohol y ffordd. Ydych chi'n gobeithio i gyffredin cyfredin ac yn cyfredin cyfredin, a'r cyfredin cyfredin, efallai cyfredin cyffredin, i gyffredin cyffredin, ac ydych chi'n gobeithio i gyffredin cyfredin cyffredin. I'm going to take you through a worked example of a biometric system, one of my favourite ones actually. And then we're going to have a look at common attack that they're all susceptible to. And I'm going to do a quick demo for you as well. So most of you should be aware of the standard access control system. You tend to have access control reader on the outside, it may be biometric. Obviously an electric lock on the door, generally a push-to-exit button on the inside. They all hook back to an access control system, quite simple. Slightly smarter system, the actual access control system may be remote to the door, so it may be talking to a local door controller. And this one is actually configured as what they call an anti-passback system. So basically you have to swipe to get out. They tend to use this with things like turnstiles.  So we have, as you're all aware of, the MagStrike card. Everyone's got one in their pocket right now. The Wigan card, which we'll go into a little bit later. Proximity cards, again, most of you probably actually own one of these. The Barium ferrite card, which you probably don't. You might have done like 10, 15 years ago. The concealed barcode card, which I hope you don't own. And contactless smart cards. So I am going to go through this stuff quite fast, because it's just to give you a brief overview of how this stuff works. So the concealed barcode card. It is, as crappy as it sounds. Basically it looks somewhat similar to a MagStrike card. You've got a black bit that goes right to the bottom of the card. And that's IR transparent. And in the middle of that you've got a barcode. So basically with a torch and a photocopier you've got it owned.  If you see someone with one of these, I want you to shoot them. MagStrike cards. So we're all familiar with them. Normally they've got about three tracks. Some manufacturer is going to mess around with the standard track configuration. We've got two different strengths of cards. Basically high co-assivity cards. Quite a lot of drivers licenses are high co-cards. And local, they were the original kind of bank MagStrike cards. Quite easily erasable. Your hotel key will almost certainly be a local card. So the standards generally have three tracks at different bit densities. They're read by an exposed read head in the reader, which makes them a little bit vulnerable. And when someone sells you a high security barcode system, sorry barcode, MagStrike system, it can be as simple as they adjust the offset on the heads so the tracks aren't where your reader writer thinks they are. Or they can screw around with the bit padding and things like that. So generally they're trying to protect something that's inherently not really protectable. They talk I think all clock and data. So you've got the clock signal on top and it just clocks out the data bits on the data line at the bottom. That's what it actually looks like in real life. This is actually, I have to add a very, very small part of my Visa card. Okay, moving right along. Bariumferite cards, these were the original card keys. They tend to use the insertion reader, but more modern ones I've seen have a, you place the card flat on the reader. And basically if you were to take a card, sprinkle iron filings over it on a sheet of paper, you'd see these discrete little magnetic domains. And that's how the cards are encoded. So if you break them open, tends to look very much like a fridge magnet inside. And as I mentioned earlier, it was the original card key, the Wigan card. Now this is where you've got to start paying attention. Wigan cards have a special alloy wire and basically it exhibits what's known as the Wigan defect. And as you see, the wire is embedded in the card in a distinct pattern. In fact two rows, we have a row of ones and we have a row of zeros on the bottom. And that's a simple bit pattern. When you swipe it through the reader, there's a set of one readers and a set of zero readers and it just lifts the code straight off the card. That's what one looks like and if you actually hold it up to a bright light you can actually see the discrete wires embedded in the card. And again, this arrangement's important because you'll be able to see what it actually looks like when we talk about the electrical protocol and it looks stunningly similar. The Wigan defect, basically they thought this was so secure because the wire is really, really hard to manufacture. It's coaxial and the centre is in tension and the outsides in compression. It's all very wacky stuff. But the bottom line is you wave your bit of Wigan wire past a magnet polarised in one direction and it kind of stores charge.  Now that was how the card worked on the Wigan defect. Coming out of a Wigan reader you've got this thing called the Wigan electrical protocol and this is the thing that we're going to look at a lot later on. So basically you've got three wires. You've got a one wire, a zero wire and a ground. Here we can see the code that's being transmitted down this line at the moment is 1001011. It's that simple. The timing can be quite flexible but generally with a particular reader I'm looking at here in this demo it's a dip of about 40 microseconds with about a two millisecond gap in between pulses. As you can see if you actually look at it on a logic analyser it looks remarkably similar to the actual coding on the card. The logic analyser trace here isn't actually of this card code but when you put them side to side it's very easy to work out what's going on. So once we get the code out the card through the reader and down the wire this is how things are actually broken up. The standard Waigan format is 26 bits. So the basic Waigan system is a 26 bit system. They're all over the place. 26 bit is considered a universal format and I'll go into a little bit about that later. But basically what you have is 26 bits. The first bit and the last bit are parity bits and then the 24 bits in the middle are chopped into a site code and a card code.  Proximity cards, again we've all got them around. They're passive. So basically what's happening here is the reader is actually emitting a magnetic field an RF field and it magnetically couples to the card and as soon as the card gets activated it literally just bars data back. There's no authentication between the card and the reader. As soon as the card's energised it starts transmitting its code. There are active cards and they tend to have a slightly longer read range and they emit their own field to the reader. Now when you hold your proximity card up to the light you think that basically it's like one of these store anti-theft tanks where you've got just a single foil antenna. What you actually have is about a bazillion turns of the finest wire you will ever possibly imagine. And this is what happens when you take a proximity card and dip it in chloroform and dissolve the plastic. Now I hasten to say I didn't do this but it works quite well. You're killing puppies apparently. OK. So don't get proximity cards and RFID confused. Proximity cards are magnetically coupled. It's the same with your new biometric passports. They have a coil of wire inside and they need to be quite close to the reader to actually get energised and transmit. Whereas true RFID tags can get hit from a distance and basically they're true little radio transceivers. You power them up on one frequency and they transmit their code back on a second frequency. Generally it tends to be a fraction of the energising frequency. And with RFID tags you can read them from a decent distance away. So proximity cards. They barf back a single bit stream when they're energised. They're all Manchester encoded generally and in order to get the data from the card to the reader that 26 bits that get sent along the Wigan's electrical protocol line the card is sending back about 506 bits super padded out with error correction. So your 26 bits going down the wire from the reader the card is transmitting about 506 to actually get those there. Now when the manufacturers say hey I've got this really high security Proxcard high security just means they've added a few more bits or they've changed the bit length so they're not quite standard but they still get transmitted down the wire in the same manner. Another way they do it is they say right for a mere X million dollars or whatever they decide to charge that day they restrict site codes so someone may come up and say right I now have this new 64 bit format and I'm only going to sell you your own site code Mr Microsoft or Mr Intel or whoever and basically they get a site code that the manufacturer will only issue to them it's like having do not duplicate keys in general if you buy a stock system off the shelf they'll be using 26 bits. Contactless smart cards not proximity cards but they do tend to use the same magnetic coupling they're a higher frequency because they're a little bit smarter but in my humble opinion it's the way to go they're quite smart they can do strong crypto they authenticate between the card and the reader so the card's not just barfing its secrets back and generally reasonably secure that Philips my fair system is used for stored payments the London Underground implemented one called the oyster card just recently using my fair which would have been immensely secure had the key not been the same key as the programming example in the manual so it's sad but true however one would hope people learn from shit like that ok so on to biometrics retina scanners the old iris scan which they're now implementing at quite a few airports a new one for me which is venial hands and finger maps hand geometry a perennial favourite and the old fingerprint scanners well basically a simple image capture and compare and you'll come across that again and again with biometric devices fingerprint scanners tend to use two technologies two main technologies optical which you all seen glass platon you put your finger on and the kind of gold platon which actually uses capacitance to create the image and that's exactly what it does it creates a single image of your fingerprint everyone by now has seen the mythbusters episode gummy bears like photocopies which is the saddest thing ever and it's like why bother making a silicon fingertip when you can lick a photocopy so generally the way these systems work is you've got your image and as you can see here there are certain fingerprint features and a standard forensic analyst would look for things like enclosures bifurcations where the ridge splits little islands and when the ridge actually ends and they use that to create a map now here's the thing and here's the scary thing about fingerprints and a lot biometrics you've got an image and from that point onwards it's just image processing so when you buy that fingerprint scanner you've got to think who was the programmer that actually created the algorithm given a picture of a fingerprint and someone had to sit down and create an algorithm to identify that fingerprint how much do you trust them hand geometry scanners a bit of a fave but it's super easy to use however in general this is highly embarrassing a lot of people's hands are actually the same or very similar so when I was showing my next door neighbour who now has a set of keys to my house how to get into some of the more secure areas I enrolled him with a hand geometry scanner and as we were kind of proving I'm like typing in his code and he's putting his hand in, that's great then I accidentally type in my code and he puts his hand in and it opens the door so they're coming out soon basically but in general again it's another image one of the problems inherent with biometrics is that your image squared away so here there are little pegs that the user lines his hands up again and there's a whole set of little LEDs on the top of the reader that go out when your finger's in the right position you put your hand in, you close your fingers up against the pegs takes a snapshot and then analyses it and actually with this I thought it was quite a cool hack some guy realised that just this side of the reader there was space there's a camera up here taking the picture down there was enough space to put in a 45 degree angle the angled mirror so at that point you now get this image which is across the side of the hand so there's a little reflective surface here and that must have made them jump for joy because they then released this which is the hand scanner 3D so a new one that I haven't actually played with yet is the venal hand scan this uses an infrared camera it's another image capture as I said they all are and you can see with this set of three images here's the hand here's the hand in IR and when you process it and take the hand away this is what you get the actual map of the veins which are analysed just like the fingerprint to create the actual identifying map now I actually enrolled with this coming back into the UK or going out from the UK you get now to enrol in their iris scan program and I thought great I'll have a go again it's just an image if you've got high-res camera some potential problems with snatching things as people glance by and one of the problems with it I noticed was the first time I used it my passport had expired and I thought yeah I'll give it a go anyway ding lets me in I'm like ok so one of two things have happened either it hasn't identified me as me or they haven't put in the fact that my passport expired like six months after I enrolled one of the problems with this is you should use biometrics to verify the identity of someone you should not use them to identify people so what they should have done is had me scan my passport and then scan my iris at that point I know they're comparing it with my template they know I'm me or they're comparing me with the template I enrolled with when you start to take something and just say oh right this matches you didn't even say welcome back Mr Franken I could have been anyone my absolute favourite I own three of these also known from Uncle Ira as the rectal scanner that is actually a big brown stick fixed to the wall but we'll go into that right now ok it's one of the things that's most secure as a credential it's very hard to steal the only problem is not very easy to use you absolutely have to be trained how to use these things and it needs practice you can't use them with glasses but take your glasses off every time you use it manufacturer went bust ok so I'm going to use this and take you through a bit of a worked example just to show you how biometric systems tend to work so first of all user enters a code on the reader this is a good thing so we're matching me with my template and then a visual dot and a little target and then a eyepiece if you ever use one before you look in the eyepiece make sure you've got your finger on the scan button because you're going to need to press it so you look into your eyepiece and literally you shuffle your head around to the dot is in the centre of the target and then you hit the scan button and then you hold still because it takes about a second if you wobble a bit the initial ones used to have a head bar that you rested your head on weren't popular with users it's like I don't want his cooties so they all have a variance factor to handle this my head wasn't in the right place my finger wasn't quite centred correctly so no two reads are ever going to be identical if they ever are it's a miracle it's like a 1000 so you need a bit of fudge in all of these devices so here's the retina it is not mine and here's the target as it looks lined up and imagine this being projected onto the back of the retina I hit the scan button and the scanner which actually a retina scanner has lots of little whizzy spinning mirrors like proper old school tech the scanner activates and it literally looks at a circle around your eye it scans that circle and then it goes to process it so basically effectively it straightens it out and deals with it like it's almost a barcode as it moves around it says ok at 46 degrees I've got a black splodge and another one at 88 163, 179 and this generally creates your template surprisingly enough on the original ones templates exactly 360 bits long now it as it says here it did change on later models but it shows you how the implementers of these things think here you've got your retina scan how you're actually going to deal with it my fav, coolest fuck problems are alignment so it's totally subjective so remember a couple of slides back when I showed the target in the centre of the retina well that is where I perceive the centre of my vision to be it may not physically be the centre of my retina so it's almost like having a brain print with the retina scan because where it's projected on the back of the retina as I grew up the nerves as they developed said this is the centre of your retina it may not physically be the centre but that's where I perceive it to be you've still got a bit of a fudge factor so there's still a bit of leeway allowed and your ID generally tends up to be a hash which is not always fantastic so in biometric systems there's two key statistical things basically you've got your false acceptance rate how many times are your users going to get bounced when they try and scan their way into the building and then there's the false sorry, I've got them the other way around the false reject rate how many valid people do I kick out because the scan was bad and then there's the false acceptance rate which especially for the military people they really don't want to be high at all is how many bad guys actually got in because it misidentified their scan you've got to tie it with a user ID it's really, really, really key okay, we also have another problem with biometrics once I've enrolled my hand or my finger and someone duplicates that how are you going to deal with credential revocation it's a bit of a sticky wicket now this is bad, not quite as bad as so yeah, ouch okay, so with all these systems as I said this was just a background to what I'm actually going to talk about there is a bit of a common problem so backwards compatibility, not always great going back to Wigan when they came out everyone wanted Wigan cards so all the access control manufacturers implemented the Wigan electrical protocol so they could interface with Wigan readers and they still do so everything we've talked about today from the crappy barcode reader to my fav retina scanner talks Wiganed out its back end to the access control system to say yeah, this guy is actually allowed it's plain text it's easily intercepted it's easily replayed it includes the biometric readers and it also includes output from strong crypto readers so basically you've got your card it's doing a strong crypto handshake with the reader great and then the reader goes oh, access control system, have everything in Wiganed so I decided to come up with a device that would record Wiganed IDs replay them back it needs to be small because we're going to have to physically access the wiring make it easily installable and cheap would be good that raised certain problems how do we actually control it once it's installed in the wall behind a reader and also how do I work out when the card reads are actually good reads and I quite like to get the data out every once in a while so how am I going to do that now I'm drying up so I'm going to get a glass of water and this is where I spill the water over my laptop and end the presentation okay, so generally these readers this is a classic example of how a reader is connected you've got positive and negative to power the reader up you've got an LED line that comes from the access control system to say yep, they're allowed and you've got your data 1 and data 0 Wiganed data lines coming from the reader say hello to Gecko it uses command cards to control the functions it uses the access allowed LED to make sure we've got the card right and it also uses the access allowed LED to download data out of the reader that's my fave so once you insert it into the system you see it actually intercepts the LED lines and the data lines to and from the system now Maggie can I just grab your sec can you hand one of these to each of the three banks and just have them hand them around and hand them back right, so if you just pass these around pass these along and eventually they'll get to the back of the room and then someone will steal them they are empty however so your shit out of luck you just scored a bit of plastic so this little device has two quick connects on either side these guys here so you just literally cut the wires poke them into the quick connects and just crimp down and it's in so I'm going to give you a little demo it's a demo so it's not going to fucking work but if it does I'm going to take all the credit for it okay so here we have can everyone see this from that corner so here we have a simple access control reader and remember don't focus on the reader because the reader isn't the problem the YGAN protocol is the problem and this is talking to a tiny tiny access control system which happens to know about two cards so I'm going to power it off and can I have Maggie and Helen there you go that was good it's going to be a lot of RF flying in here and this particular demo isn't shielded so here are our valid users Maggie and Helen say hello and here we have our bad user okay so Maggie would you like to swipe for us would you like Maggie, Helen can we move the volume up a little bit and we have our bad user okay nah you're not getting in okay and we also have our three mystery cards we have card A denied card B denied and card C denied okay so what we're going to do now is I have the same thing you're looking at except it's already in a little harness so I can plug it in without fucking around always gets the first one wrong c'mon sorry it's just a little sound board needs to initialise okay so now we have we're back in we've pling this off as I said two screws and a plastic cover it's not hard you pop the cover off install gecko screw it all back onto the wall it is your knife I borrowed it okay now you made me forget where the fuck I was you bastard you may be getting your knife back very shortly okay so gecko's now installed can we try with our bad user nah he's still fucked off Helen you like Helen Maggie mystery card A card says replay so now basically it will replay back valid users this particular unit won't because I'm not trapping the LED but it's just an old demo unit so everyone can get in normally now so can I mystery card number B you know it's working fine Helen bad user Maggie hey I can still get in card says disable and oh I guess I'll let you guys back card number C or card C bad user and of course I can still get in so so there's a whole bunch of other stuff you can do as well now this is in place let's see actually you guys can sit down we're good thank you thank my helpers please sorry and thank your bad user Steve so this is version one the proof of concept it has a very basic feature set it records it replays and it can disable users oh and it can enable them as well version two which I'm currently working on and I didn't have my demo version ready for you it can store multiple IDs and it writes them back to the flash in the chip we monitor the reader line so we know that we actually got we were actually capturing good cards download via reader LED so basically there are other systems that allow you to emulate emulate these cards and actually by presenting something to a reader so this would enable me to actually install one of these guys at the reader smoker's corner every office building has one and just record everything going in and out of that door then dump the data out because I have to have a dump card so hold my reader device against the LED swipe my dump card dump out the data to the reader the reader is just another little picture I can load data back into the to gecko via command cards slightly comical I have my program card and I have my one in my zero cards so program one zero zero zero one one end program so version three now this is all good for swipe or proximity card readers but I don't have a whole bunch of retinas or irises to present to a biometric reader so version three is bluetooth controllable it's perfect for biometric devices so once it's in the wall access via bluetooth can download and upload from it and then there's version four now version three slightly larger because of the bluetooth slightly physically larger because of the bluetooth interface in fact what's in those devices make sure you're still passing them back because the guys at the back aren't going to get it to the end of the talk basically the biggest problem here is physical the size of the physical connectors everything else can be reduced to surface amount and made real small there's actually a dual in line chip and socket in those so as you can see it's not actually filling out the size of the device so the bluetooth one is slightly larger and then there's version four GSM because that little guy there actually believe it or not is not only a fully functional GSM phone that one happens to have GPS in it as well and it's slightly bigger than that quarter and it's programmable in Python and they're 50 box each it's like yes so I've been absolutely sprinting through this because I thought I'd quite a lot and the earlier stuff I really went fast on so basically that's it pretty much it in a nutshell I'd like to say thanks to Vinnie Mann who made my demo stand and thanks to Major Malfunction who's somewhere here for keeping me sane when I was doing my PCB design and basically any questions especially if you didn't get any of the earlier stuff because I know I've got a bit of a Scottish accent and I probably went a bit fast so questions from the floor the hand biometric ones tend to use their own network to talk between themselves and exchange templates but they don't they use Wigan to talk back so that's where you'd use the Bluetooth model ah, tamper switches and readers you'd be surprised how many readers don't have tamper switches because this one doesn't and I haven't actually come across one that has so there are a few out there but it's a bit of an issue I I'm using pictures so about, well hey, I need something easy a couple of bucks for the actual units but yeah, not hard it's actually quite easy and this can be inserted this can be inserted at any point in the cabling system for example if you look at the wind tower across the road they've probably done their first fix electrical already on some of the stuff on the ground floor so the cabling is in there they're waiting for people to pop readers on the doors so this could already be installed stuffed up a conduit just waiting for the sparkies to put the readers on and hook them up at the other end sorry, say that again please okay the question was what about boards that have controllers built into the readers well they're the most vulnerable things ever because if you defeat the tamper switch on that you've got access to everything because all the data quite often is stored on the actual device so not great and actually the biometric device is the retina scanner holds all its templates in the actual scanner on the wall it gets pushed out from a central scanner, normally you say you're the master it pushes out the templates to all the other scanners over its own network but it uses YGAND to talk back and if you have a standalone version quite often the standalone versions rely on you not having an access control system and most of them most of those biometric devices have contacts inside for standalone use so if you defeat the tamper and get it off the wall you can just hit the tamper switch and you're all set sorry hit the access control contacts and you're good to go will I be releasing the design it's not hard to do so I'm probably going to shy away from that because there's no immediate easy fix for this I mean YGAND is very widely used and apart from installing tamper switches on your readers which again is not particularly fantastic it's a bit of a tough thing we're talking about replacing readers it's old technology it's been widely adopted so it's going to be a real problem the question was does it do pin numbers as well there's quite a lot of YGAND pin number readers so you can actually enter your pin number on the pad and it actually transmits YGAND back so yes if it's a YGAND pin pad there's a lot of really cheap ones around that aren't that don't talk YGAND but if you're actually interfacing a pin pad with a proper access control system it'll use YGAND most likely the question was is it possible to mount one beneath the cover well actually beneath this cover there's actually quite a lot of space and I don't know if you can see this it's all covered in epoxy compound all the cables come through the back so it would involve a bit of a solder job but yes it's perfectly possible with this style or a particular style of reader the power straight from the reader power I mean 12 volts it's there for me to use so I may as well use it well that's where your kind of fudge factor comes in so basically with all these biometric systems there is a kind of variance factor so basically you tend to set them okay if you say any scan can have a 10% variance which is actually quite tight or you know you can make it bigger and bigger and bigger I don't know exactly how they're doing it in the case of the retina scanner excellent alright thank you very much guys


Patriot Prime Reviews is a channel for adult collectors and may not be suitable for children under 13 years of age. Viewer discretion is advised. Now on to the decals. And the set we're looking at in this review is for Studio Series 86 Jazz. This decal set includes two decal sheets on vinyl backing, one decal sheet on clear and one on foil. So now without further ado, let's take a look at Studio Series 86 Jazz both before and after Toy Hacks decals. And welcome to Patriot Prime Reviews. In robot mode, straight out of the packaging, Jazz looks great and very true to his movie self. He's got great paint applications, taking a closer look at the figure. You've got a great paint advisor right there on the head, blue headlights, paint details right here on the hood with the red Autobot logo and the blue. Nice paint job there on the grill. He's got blue down here on his waist, moving on down the legs. There is silver for the shins and the feet.  So that's where Toy Hacks is going to come in and give this really cool bot an overhaul. So there's one final look at Jazz in robot mode before and after. Jazz gets a few new decals to help enhance his robot mode, taking a closer look at the figure. The first decal we're going to look at is the new metallic blue visor. And I really like the looks of that. You do have a couple options. You have the metallic blue like I have, or you can choose a silver. I like the blue because it's more cartoon accurate. You also have new striped decals right here on the chest.  He gets a new chrome and yellow decal moving on down to the hips. We got new decals here on either side and an Autobot logo on the forearms. He now has a black stripe that goes all the way around down to the legs. We got chrome kneecaps and chrome shins. He also has a lot of striping that carries over from vehicle mode.  If you take the back of the figure and open the doors out, they give you new number four logos that go inside the doors so you can display your Jazz with wings out. And for a quick Generation 1 comparison, here is Studio Series 86 Jazz with his Generation 1 counterpart. So you can see all the Generation 1 throwbacks that toy hacks added to the Studio Series figure. So there you go guys, Studio Series 86 Jazz after. In vehicle mode, straight out of the packaging, Jazz once again looks very true to his cartoon self. My biggest issues is with the clear windshields where you can look through and see all the robot junk there on the inside. I'm not a big fan of that. I mean I don't mind translucent plastic when it's used for windows. But when you see all the interior robot junk, I feel like it detracts from the vehicle. Another issue is if you're a G1 fan, you know that that 14 should be a number four. So I'm not sure why they went with 14 instead of four but hopefully toy hacks will fix that. He's got great paint applications right there going along the roof down to the hood with the blue and red stripe. Autobot logo once again front and center, some red pin striping there along the bottom. And that's pretty much it for the paint applications. So there you go guys, one final look at Jazz in vehicle mode before. And after. In vehicle mode is where this decal set shines. And what's really cool is toy hacks does give you plenty of options for vehicle mode such as all the stripes you have. There are different options. You have the stripes that I have on or there are different ones where you can kind of position the size of the stripes you have where you want the number four to appear. So it's really up to you. You can make this Jazz your own. So taking a closer look at the figure, the first thing you're probably noticing is the new window decals. I love that. You guys know me.  This helps so much. And I like the tint to it. It's not cartoony, yet it's not realistic. It's just, it's cool. It's just something different. I'm liking this new style of window decal. Now on the back is a little separate decal to make this look like one cohesive window. But this is just a little strip that goes on the white plastic. You want to be very careful with this decal along with the tiny decals you see here, here and the one in the middle. As you see, these are all on the hinge and you want to make sure there is clearance for when you transform into robot mode or you're going to pop those decals off. Also here on the back you got the Martini Porsche logo. There are a couple different options for that. You can do the silver background or there is plain white or clear rather. I went with the silver logo because it's more generation one. You also have different options for right here across the windshield. I went with Martini Porsche. You also have Martini and Rossi, Martini Racing, Agent Meister. So options out the yin yang, plenty of options. More decals right here along the side. You've got vents here, striping, all kinds of sponsorship logos all over. And of course right there, the number four on the doors. Now be cautious with these door decals. I had to actually trim these off. You can probably see right here is where I cut right above the four because the decal themselves, fortunately they give you options. There's a lot of extra space above that number four that went right up to that hinge. And when I transformed jazz into robot mode, it peeled the sticker back. So I'm so thankful that Toy Hacks gave options or extra decals. So I may reapply these later to see if I can get to fit a little better. But please be very careful with that hinge right there. Now moving along to the back of the vehicle, you got the Martini Porsche logo up here on the spoiler. There's a Dunlop logo back of the vehicle, Martini right there. He's got taillights, a black bumper and exhaust. So this is a really cool looking vehicle now. I mean it was cool before. It just is totally awesome now. And now for a quick generation one comparison, here is Studio Series 86 Jazz with his generation one counterpart. Now as you can see with the striping, I chose striping that matched up with the generation one version, along with having the four right in the middle of the hood, opposed to the option where you could have it a little lower. So I think that looks really cool. So there you go guys, one final look at Studio Series Jazz in vehicle mode after. Studio Series 86 Jazz is a great figure made even greater thanks to the Toy Hacks decals. And I forgot to show off a couple in robot mode. He's got these new decals here on his shoulders and the black stripes along his feet. So anyway, back to my final thoughts. I love how Toy Hacks added all the generation one toy decals to this movie accurate figure. Now this may not be for everyone because a lot of Studio Series collectors like the fact the figures are screen accurate. But for the rest of us who like the movie accuracy with the generation one toy accuracy, this set just knocks it out of the park. This is my third race car set of decals that I've applied in a row from Toy Hacks. And I love these. Kudos to the design team at Toy Hacks. You have another winner. Now guys, if you enjoyed the video, don't forget to like, don't forget to subscribe, and don't forget to click that bell icon to get notified when I upload new reviews. Once again, this is Patriot Prime, signing out. Hoorah!


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Hello and welcome to this session. In this session we will discuss a question which says that complete the following statements. First is 21 days is equal to dash weeks. Second, 24,000 milligrams is equal to dash kilograms. Third is 0.457 kilometers is equal to dash millimeters. Now let us start with the solution of the given question. Now in the first part we have given 21 days and we have to convert days into weeks. Now we know 1 week is equal to 7 days which is unit ratio 7 days upon 1 week. Now to convert smaller unit that is days to larger unit that is weeks we multiply it by reciprocal this given unit ratio Now reciprocal of unit ratio is 1 week upon 7 days. So 21 days is equal to 21 days into 1 week upon 7 days. Now we divide out the common units and we know that 7 into 3 is 21 so this is equal to 3 weeks. Therefore 21 days is equal to 3 weeks. Now let us start with second part. Now in second part we have to convert 25,000 milligrams into kilograms. Now we know that 1 gram is equal to 1,000 milligrams and 1 kilogram is equal to 1,000 grams. Now 1 gram is equal to 1,000 milligrams is the unit ratio 1,000 milligrams upon 1 gram and this is the unit ratio 1,000 grams upon 1 kilogram. Now here we have to convert 24,000 milligrams into kilograms. Now to convert smaller units milligrams into larger units kilograms multiply it by reciprocal of these unit ratios. Now reciprocal of unit ratio 1,000 milligrams upon 1 gram is 1 gram upon 1,000 milligrams reciprocal of unit ratio 1,000 grams upon 1 kilogram is 1 kilogram upon 1,000 grams. So 24,000 milligrams is equal to 24,000 milligrams into 1 gram upon 1,000 milligrams into 1 kilogram upon 1,000 grams. Now we will divide large the common units and this is equal to 24 upon 1,000 milligrams which is equal to 0.024 kilograms. So 24,000 milligrams is equal to 0.024 kilograms. Now let us start with third part and in third part we have to convert 0.457 kilometers into millimeters. Now we know that 1 meter is equal to 1,000 millimeters and 1 kilometer is equal to 1,000 meters. Now this is the unit ratio 1,000 millimeters upon 1 meter and this is the unit ratio 1,000 meters upon 1 kilometer. Now here we have to convert 0.457 kilometers into millimeters. Now to convert larger unit kilometers into smaller unit millimeters we multiply it by these unit ratios. So 0.457 kilometers is equal to 0.457 kilometers into 1,000 millimeters upon 1 meter into 1,000 meters upon 1 kilometer. Now here we divide out the common units and on multiplying this is equal to 457,000 millimeters. Therefore 0.457 kilometers is equal to 457,000 millimeters and this completes our session. Hope you all have enjoyed this session.


It's recently been disclosed that thousands of iPhones have been compromised by malware that gives the attacker full remote control over those vulnerable devices, essentially turning the iPhone into the ultimate spy machine because it lets you spy on the victim through their camera, record their phone calls, and record them at any time through the microphone, and even know their exact location in real time with the GPS. But what's even spookier than gaining root access to what is supposed to be one of the most secure types of smartphones on the planet is the way that attackers were able to gain this access through an exploit in the iPhone's CPU architecture. Oh yeah, you remember the Spectre and Meltdown vulnerabilities from like five plus years ago at this point? Well, we're doing them again, except this time it's with ARM CPUs that are built into the iPhones and Apple's system on a chip design. Now, the vulnerabilities that make this attack possible have been exploited by different agencies for over four years now. The Israeli Cyber Intelligence firm, NSO Group, they famously developed and sold spyware called Pegasus to different government agencies throughout the world. But due to the just sheer complexity of this exploit, which actually relies on a chain of exploits, it took a long time to get the full picture of how a remote attacker could take full control over an iPhone by simply sending you a text on iMessage. For example, back in 2021, an analysis of an iTunes backup revealed an attachment containing the forced entry payload, which exploited a flaw in Apple's image rendering library that would cause a memory leak when trying to render a malicious PDF file that was masquerading as a GIF. And this memory leak would cause a buffer overflow leading to ultimately arbitrary code execution. But once you have that code execution, you still have to escape the iMessage sandbox to be able to affect the rest of the system. Then you have to download the next stages of the malware from the command and control server to get root access to the device. And finally, you have to get the remote administration tool on the device that is only ran in memory and it's not persistent. So if you rebooted your iPhone, then the malware would be gone and you would have to start all over again and reinfecting the device, which would get patched again and again, you know, that first stage where you infected the user through iMessage. But because of the lockdown nature of iPhones, getting a full analysis of this exploit chain was very difficult and it ultimately took four years for it to be completed by security researchers. But at this point, the analysis is complete and the way it was completed is actually kind of interesting because the hackers behind this malware, they actually ended up infecting devices that were belonging to some senior security researchers working at Kaspersky back in the beginning of 2023, which is really ballsy if your goal is to try and prevent people from analyzing your malware. So we now have a name for this infection chain. It's called TriangleDB. Kaspersky actually has a really great blog post that's detailing every step of the attack chain and so I really recommend you read through that if you're interested on the more technical details of how TriangleDB works. But at this point, the four zero day vulnerabilities that made iOS versions as late as 16.2 vulnerable have been patched, at least according to Apple. So it's very important if you're using an iPhone or any of those Apple devices that you install those updates because this attack chain, this malware requires zero interaction from the user for it to be exploited. It's called a no click exploit. But what's even more disturbing is what I mentioned at the start of this video that the exploit chain utilized what many people are calling a back door in Apple's chips that simply lets you bypass the hardware based memory protections in order to gain access to sensitive regions of kernel memory that ultimately let you gain full control over the victim's devices. And to put it simply, the hackers were able to do this by writing the data that they wanted, the destination address for it, and the data hash to unknown registers in Apple's SOC that were completely unused by the firmware which brings us into tinfoil hat territory. How in the world could these hackers, could these attackers know what data hashes to write into what registers if there's absolutely no public information out there on the internet about how to use them? The inclusion of this feature in Apple's SOC in the first place is also pretty fishy, but it could have just been something as simple as Apple engineers use this for debugging during the design process and then they accidentally included it in the final product. But still, how could anyone figure out how to use this hidden feature that's built into the hardware unless they worked for Apple or they helped develop these chips or they work for some other organization that could pressure Apple into cooperating with them like the US government? And that's actually the explanation that Russia is going with that the US government did this. The FSB, they got involved around the same time that Kaspersky was being attacked because the same malware also infected several other iPhones that were belonging to people working in Russian embassies and doing other diplomatic work with Russia. Now, I obviously can't say for sure that the NSA worked with Apple to purposefully include hardware backdoors in their iPhones and then create the secret code to let whatever hackers they want be able to exploit it only if they knew the code. But this is really not something that I could put past the alphabet boys and they're the only ones that I can see being able to compel a company like Apple to do such a thing. So either Apple had a major security fail or they did cooperate with the NSA to spy on the Russian government, Kaspersky and others. But regardless of who is responsible for the triangle DB malware, I'm just kind of surprised that these Russian officials are using iPhones in the first place. So these people working with Russia are using iPhones. Like if I was a Russian working for the FSB and I had to design the offset guidelines for people in the Russian government or working with the Russian government, one of my first rules would be to avoid any American technology that you can, especially close source American technology, like literally everything that is developed by Apple.   We appreciate it very much, Tim Apple. And it wouldn't even be that weird to implement such a policy because America did a similar thing a few years back. They actually banned the use of Kaspersky here, at least for people that are working inside of the government. And Best Buy also stopped selling it. I was working at Best Buy at the time in Geek Squad. And this ban really frightened a lot of my boomer clients that I was working with at Geek Squad. Because to them, Kaspersky was like the only thing that was saving their life and their life savings from being stolen by some Indian guy that's working in a call center, pretending to be Norton security or the IRS or whatever. So maybe we will actually see Russia implement some kind of no US tech security standard one day. Like again, I'm really surprised that this isn't a thing already, especially since the US is providing so much aid to Ukraine right now. Maybe the US just gave Ukrainian hackers access to the back door, which means that the US's response to the FSB claims were somewhat truthful saying, hey, it wasn't us, we didn't do it. But this is yet another perfect example of proprietary software controlling the user instead of the user controlling the software. If you enjoyed this video, please like it and share it to hack the algorithm and check out my open source online store, base.win. That doesn't track you unlike other places like Amazon and also unlike Amazon. We let you pay with your favorite cryptocurrency, Monero XMR, which you'll also receive an instant 10% discount at checkout for using it. So get yourself a t-shirt right now on base.win, pay with Monero and have a great day.