The following is a presentation of TFNN. Time to talk about your health. Living a primal lifestyle. You know, we have Tom from Tampa on the phone. Hey, Tom, good morning. It's bright and early now, huh? Hey, hey, how are you guys doing? Good, good. Good. Hey, your news player is outstanding. I'm telling you that is outstanding. It shows the vulnerable edge. I love that stuff. I'd never be without it. I mean, I've been on it now three, four months, man. I mean, it's just, I can't get over how good I feel. Primal edges, you know, people are raving about it. People who are trying it, they know because you can feel it. We'd not be without it. Call now. Toll free at 1-877-927-6648. Now, your hosts, Deco Dahan and Paige Clark. And welcome to Living a Primal Lifestyle where we explore a return to a more balanced and natural wild world to recover our national health and regain our rights and freedoms. Good morning. I'm Deco Dahan. And it's a beautiful morning in St. Petersburg, Florida. It's 75 degrees, mostly cloudy. I have a little rain today, but that's okay. And I'd like to remind you to pick up a couple of things. First of all, our health signals newsletter. Got a new one out here today. This follows the show. So all the articles that concern the past two weeks are in here. So you can kind of look down the rabbit hole yourself and see what's what. And please pick up our primal edge, our one-shot wonder. Or 310 cell, organic cell-ready liquid ingredients. So it's easier to take. And their plant-based formula here is really, really good because it starts with fulvic and humic acids, which are nature's kind of miracle molecules that let the good stuff in and take the bad stuff out. And of course, during this time of year, when the flu season is coming about, this is really important. If you want to really put that little cap on your health saying, this is what I want to do. And I want to remain healthy. Primal edge is definitely no way to do it. And our number here is<PHONE_NUMBER>. Page is out right now. She'll be back next week. She's out getting her jaw adjusted again. I think this is probably the last time for a while. And then she goes down either every two or three months having it done and getting some braces in and things like that. It's quite a process. We've been following her and we wish her well. Yeah, this morning I want to start off with the flu. So this comes from the Cleveland Clinic. I always like to check back at the beginning of flu season, seeing what people are having to say. I haven't really had the flu in the last decade. I remember having it. And I don't get any flu shots. But of course, we're doing lots of other things. And we talk about on our show here how important it is to keep your immune system up and how to do that one way. Of course, it's the primal edge, taking some vitamins is one way. But the other way is making sure that you're eating organic. You're eating really clean food and you're not overdoing it. You're not into the marketable sweets and cereals and things like that that's going on. So a rough season, a flu season just wrapped up in Australia. And it could mean a worse one in the United States where flu season is just starting. The New York Times reports. It's too early to tell for sure because sometimes Australia is predictive and sometimes it's not. It says Dr. Daniel Jerrigan. He's the Center for Disease Control and Prevention. But the best move is get the vaccine right now. Of course, that's the agenda. The first thing always is to push the vaccine which you can get anywhere, of course. And let's see what else it says here. In 2018-19, the U.S. flu season ran from October through May. NBC reports. As many as 43 million people in the United States flew in up to 61,000 dead. That's quite a few. So this is kind of like an epidemic. We'll be talking about, I think, in the paper the other day and for the last few, maybe a month or so, we've been talking about the vaping. And people have been dying six or seven, maybe nine now. And we really don't know what it is. Sometimes they think it's the vitamin E. Sometimes they think it's the nicotine salts. Sometimes they think it's some of the benzines that they put in there. I don't think they really know. And maybe it's just susceptible for some people. I know the British press has said we're not concerned about it and most of Europe is not concerned about it. So we'll see where it goes. I say just be careful with it. It's still an unknown. And a lot of these products have some really good things in them and some of them may not be. So make sure you get it from a reputable dealer, so to speak. So flu seasons in the southern hemisphere where winters just ended since sometimes help us predict the oncoming U.S. flu season. In Australia, which count flu deaths differently than the United States has a much smaller part because they have a much smaller population. 662 people have died of the flu. Hospitalizations and nursing home outbreaks were moderate to high levels. The flu season began about two months early in Australia, dominated by a particularly virulent strain named H3N2. Cases of the flu in the United States remain low according to the authorities, but a boy, a four-year-old boy with underlying health issues already died of the flu-related. And a lot of times, that's the case. We have something else going on and the flu comes and takes you down further. So who's most at risk? Children, older adults, pregnant women, anyone with a chronic health problem? Healthcare workers are especially vulnerable to both the flu and potential complications like pneumonia. People with asthma, diabetes, heart disease, obesity, and a compromised immune system due to cancer, HIV, or other conditions are among those people at higher risk. Question becomes, do I need a flu vaccination? Doctors at the Central Centers for Disease Control and Prevention suggest getting a flu vaccination before the end of October. The concern with delaying it is that some people might have the opportunity to get vaccinated, may not have the opportunity later. The most important thing is for people to get the flu vaccine, get it before the epidemic starts. Even if the vaccine doesn't prevent the flu, it can reduce the severity of it. Who should get it? Anybody who's got any kind of different syndromes like any compromised immune system disease? I would say pregnant women, they say, should avoid the spray flu vaccine, but they still should get the one shot. Who else, what else can I do to prevent the flu? Okay, here's maybe some practice good hygiene, and that may be different for different people. Also avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth and disinfect surfaces when they're contaminated by germs. Of course, how do you know, I guess, when you're around people? But yeah, washing your hands and your face and not touching your nose and stuff like that can help it. I think what helps it more is your strong immune system, is getting yourself in order so you're eating very, very clean, very organic, no GMOs, making sure that everything that you get is fresh and just avoid the pitfalls of sugar and cereals and grains and even some of the starch-D vegetables that we tend to consume in the fall can sometimes take down your immune system. In other cases, it can raise it up too, so it depends what kind of shape you're in. If you do fall ill, stay home, limit your contact with other people so you avoid spreading the disease. So that's basically a claim. So what do you do for that? There's some interesting things here. Go to this article. This thing's working here. Honey. Oops. Can honey water help clear up a cold? Or was my grandma lying? When dealing with a cold, most of us probably maintain main lining lozenges and tea, reach for a block of tissues, of course, but anyone dealing with these symptoms for more than a few days is probably willing to try anything. So we'll talk about this afterwards and see if honey is really something that's going to help you with your flu season. Stick around, folks. We've got a lot more. Please pick up our primal edge, our one-shot wonder, and, of course, the new health signals is out. See you in a few minutes. You know what's cool? Taking something that's good for you. Something specifically formulated to help with weight loss, better sleep, stress reduction, and the need to detox. Nicar hunter and gatherer ancestors found all their nutritional requirements for health in their wild environment. But today, our food sources no longer contain the vitamins, minerals, and nutrients our bodies need to stay healthy and strong. That's why we need primal edge daily nutrition. It includes a special blend of ionic, soil-based vitamins, minerals, fatty, and amino acids in an easy-to-use liquid form. Primal edge is powered by highly concentrated folic and humic acids. Nature's preferred delivery system. They've been called miracle molecules because, like sunlight, air and water, life cannot exist without them. That's right, Paige. They ensure we receive all the nutrition we need to be healthy and thrive. We take it every morning. Primal Edge, formulated and approved by Niko and Paige of Living a Primal Lifestyle. Buy it today for just $89. Click on the Primal Edge banner on the front page of tfnn.com. EFNN is excited about our new software charting program, the Art of Timing the Trade chart. 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Bull and Bear. Leveraged ETFs. Direction Leveraged ETFs. An investor should carefully consider a fund's investment objective, risks, charges, and expenses before investing. A fund's prospectus and summary prospectus contain this and other information about direction shares. To obtain a fund's prospectus and summary prospectus, call<PHONE_NUMBER> or visit directioninvestments.com. A fund's prospectus and summary prospectus should be read carefully before investing. An investment in the funds is subject to risk, including the possible loss of principal. The funds are designed to be utilized only by sophisticated investors such as traders and active investors. Distributor, Four Side Fund Services, LLC. At 1-877-927-6648 internationally. At<PHONE_NUMBER>. And welcome back. We're talking about can honey water help clear up a cold? So honey water is exactly what it sounds like. Honey water is simply water with honey dissolved in it. Sometimes lemon is added, especially when people are using it for a sore throat or to an immune boost or just for added flavor. And in the picture here, they have some cinnamon sticks, I believe, so you can do that too. Sounds delicious, but can it do anything for your health besides tasting good? So honey has been shown to benefit the immune system in a variety of studies. It contains some antioxidants that contribute to the functions that protect the body from stress. Honey has antimicrobial and antibacterial properties that can also be helpful, although there are few large clinical studies confirming these benefits. Naturally, you can't even say that it cures anything or it fixes anything because it's not a medication.  So honey, you can't say that, but we all know this. This is a tradition going way back. In particular, it has very extensive cold fighting potentials. It has certain decongestant and any inflammatory properties. Honey can also be helpful if you're cold, comes with a side of hacking cough. The texture of honey allows it to coat the throat and act as an effective cough suppressant. Several studies have found it to be just as effective as cough syrup in suppressing coughs in children. It's not definite if those results apply to adults too, but certainly can't hurt to add some tea or water with your honey. Honey has a variety of other health benefits that make it beneficial outside of the cold and flu season. This author says raw honey contains a variety of carbohydrates with some compounds in it which are not digested, but great for your health. So they're adding to the microbial that's in your gut already. This is helpful for energy and proper metabolism function. It also contains antioxidants that are likely to contribute to overall immune benefits. And a study also shows that honey ingestion to be associated with lower levels of this marker of anti-inflammatories called prostaglandins. And they're markers for inflammation, so they do really attack the inflammation. Some old wives' tales claim that honey water can be used for healthy weight management. That is definitely not true, says the author here. There is no scientific evidence that any type of sweetener is correlated with weight loss, even artificial or non-calorie sweeteners. Also, honey is still as sugar regardless of whether you're adding it to water, tea, or even coffee. It contributes to your daily sugar count. A friendly reminder in here that you should not have any more than 25 grams of sugar per day. And I would say that's way too high. I'd say zero. Still, raw honey does have a lower glycemic index than other sweeteners. And since honey tastes sweeter, some people may be apt to use less of it when they're using refined sugar. Yeah, in the afternoon I use it when my coffee, and I found when I first started using it, I put a whole teaspoon in there, maybe even two of them, and now it's down to about a half a teaspoon. So it does make it like you're getting used to it, and it's not as sweet or it's more sweet than it ever was. She says, what else is here? So it may not affect your blood sugar as much, but it's still smart to be mindful about how much money you're ingesting, especially if you're consuming it in honey water when you're sick. Interested in trying honey water? Honey will dissolve in warm water, so mix a tablespoon of raw honey with eight to 12 ounces of water and squeeze the lemon if desired, and then stir it and take a sip. Bottom line, maybe it won't instantly fix the cold, but honey water has been helpful properties that can help you soothe some of the more annoying symptoms like the cough or the inflammation. That was a particularly kind of honey that Paige and I talked about before. It's Melon Lucca honey that comes from New Zealand. It's quite expensive, but very, very powerful stuff, and it's anti-imbacterial and anti-inflammatory and all those things. So good thing to have in your house, maybe just as a backup for some of the other conventional things that you might be using and you want to use something that our grandmother might have used. It's good stuff. So next, I'd like to take you to what the longest people, the longest living people in the world have in common. So in the USA, the average life expectancy is about 78 years. That's like three years from now for me. But there are a few places in the world, specifically Okinawa, Japan, Sardinia, Italy, Nikoia, Costa Rica, and Syria, Greece, where living to be over 100 isn't uncommon at all. In this region, known as blue zones, life expectancy isn't just higher, but the people who live over 100 are generally very healthy and their minds and bodies are still working well. So National Geographic has been studying these cultures and pinpointing the exact reasons why they thrive before publishing his findings and his best-selling book. He finds that despite the geographical differences, people living in the blue zones all had nine key living kind of lifestyle habits in common, which he named the Power Nine. Here, each pillar is explained with the input from doctors about why it's so crucial to connect health and longevity. So this is an interesting because my passion has always been to live long, but be very healthy. And as I started this when I was in college, I had a friend who had a macrobiotic background and he was talking about the health benefits of macrobiotic cooking and I went down that whole rabbit hole of eating rice and just eating raw rice for a while, found out that really didn't click for me. I did it for a couple of years, but from it, I gathered a lot of decent information about Himalayan salt, about different cooking methods, about why cooking food is important and how to cook your vegetables and how to cook your meats and things like that. So it became a very valuable thing for me and also became valuable because that started me investigating more why didn't this work and why did this guy who invented the macrobiotic diet around the turn of the century of the 1900s, 1800s, and why was it popular and why people do this? So I started really digging into things and of course I was a vegetarian for a couple of years. I went back to meat, felt a lot better, started incorporating exercise in my life around in my early 30s I started running, exploring more things like lifting weights and just generally trying to be healthy and this has continued all the way to now 10 years in the show now and just trying to figure out this puzzle of why people get sick and how can I stay healthy and what will make me live long but healthy at the same time because the last thing I want is to be that person who can't get up off the floor because I have some physical thing that's wrong with me or whether my health deteriorates like what happened to my sister who had cancer. So this is really a personal journey for me and I'm always looking at these articles and the first thing that says here is that move naturally. The author found that blue zone communities movement was a regular part of their daily life for the residents. In a book called The Longgivity Plan the author John Day who is an MD was the first hand as well when he spent a year living in remote China even in their advanced age he saw centennials working in the fields and throughout the village. So hard work is just part of that physical labor not necessarily bad labor but just physically and this is one of the reasons of course why we exercise. So stick around I got a lot more I'll be back in a couple minutes I would like to tell you about the personal training studio that Niko is the owner and president of Performance Training. Since 1998 Niko has trained individuals and groups to improve their health both mentally and physically. As a certified personal trainer Niko's main focus is on demonstrating exercises correctly to avoid injury and teaching his clients how to manage their past injuries while getting the most out of their personal training sessions. Neat training equipment that enhances balanced results at a faster rate while minimizing damage and discomfort. For more information you can give Niko a call at<PHONE_NUMBER> or email him at Niko at TFNN.com Let him know you heard him on TFNN and save up to $100 on a special package just for TFNN listeners. Act today. If you're not currently using the TAS Profile Scanner when looking at setting up your trading opportunities then your arsenal is short a mighty weapon. The TAS Profile Scanner is a standalone piece of software that instantly filters over 2,500 global financial markets such as stocks, ETFs, commodity futures and forex. Heated by Steve Dahl TAS understands that in today's technological world the use of top flight software applications and technical analysis expertise is essential to successful trading in today's market. You also have access to the webinar that Steve Dahl and Tom O'Brien just hosted the best way to use the TAS Profile Scanner to profit. 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From the price you should be paying per square foot in certain up and coming areas to the type of cash flow investment properties are capable of creating, Tiger Real Estate can help you make the best decision when it comes to all areas of the market. Before you make one of the biggest decisions of your financial future, call Tiger Real Estate LLC today at<PHONE_NUMBER> or email us at tiger at TFNN.com That's<PHONE_NUMBER> Call us today. This segment is brought to you by Think or Swim. For more information, just click the Think or Swim banner on the front page of TFNN.com And welcome back. I'm reading from this well and good dot com article the longest living people in the world have these nine things in common. The first one is move naturally and then move back in mind to what my parents always did and take that walk in the afternoon. Four o'clock afternoon, maybe down the beach taking that hour walk and that's something that's instilled in our family. So we always like to take walks and I think that's one of the best things we do. After all, we're descended from, you know, walking beings. We're walking beings. That's all we ever did before cars and bicycles and that's a lot more sedentary than they are in some of these places like China and that where these centennials live. But Dr. Day still says we can work this pillar into our everyday life, the pillar being the movement, of course. Unfortunately, our modern lifestyles have been engineered in such a way to take movement out of our lives. So it's up to us to get as much of it in during the day. For example, you could vow to take the stairs are restricted. Other options include an evening walk or doing something else possible to avoid having to use a car. Even vacations can be scheduled in such a way that are physically active, like a vacation center around skiing, hiking or cycling. Yeah, those are really good options and taking the stairway instead of the elevator, I always did that. And this was part of my, when I was a sales trainer, I would say customer, you want to get your blood going a little bit, take the stairs. It's a way to energize yourself. But there's another thing too that you can take these things in like five or ten exercises.  There's many, many things that we can do. And it's very, very important for us to be aware of what's going on in our environment. And sports certainly is a part of that. We have these little hobbies and playing tennis and golf, and these are all good things, but beware of doing the same thing over and over and over again too. If you want inspiration, try something new once in a while. A lot of times these overuse joints and things come about because we're doing the same thing over and over again. So that's number one. Number two is have a larger purpose. Having a clear sense of why you wake up in the morning is connected to living a long and happy life. So having a purpose, being happy in your work, boy, that's a big thing. Because we're forced in our society to have a certain job, boy, it's up to us to really pick the one we want, that we're excited about. That's the type of passion that you're talking about here. There's nothing worse than waking up, I have to do this again, my God. Those are the types of things that really get you down. Dr. Day adds that the connection between mind health and a sense of purpose is very powerful, whether your goal is to beat cardiovascular disease or cancer or even to live a long and healthy life. Study after study has found an opportunity to get out of bed every morning. You have to have a reason to get out of bed every morning. Sometimes that pushes you and motivates you. For within purpose is the next impossible, is next to impossible to maintain healthy behaviors and lifestyle that is conductive to a health. So without the purpose, you can't really do it is what they're saying. And I kind of agree with that thing. I think you need to be happy. One of the passions I have is coming and doing this show. It would be horrible if I thought, oh God, here I have to be on the air, I have to prepare. These are the things that we look forward to the same thing going to having your afternoon walk perhaps, cooking meals. Whatever that passion is, you need to have a passion in your life. You need to have a passion in your life. You need to have a passion in your life. Your stress is terrible for your health, which is why stress management is one of the pillars of living a long, healthy life. We all have stress. The key is how you perceive your stress. So this is more of a framing yourself, having a positive outlook perhaps instead of seeing the bad side of things, not people who look at the negative side of things. I don't think they look at it necessarily that they want to have bad health and they want this. That's the way they brought up. With me and my wife, we both have first reactions of the opposite way. We help each other in those types of situations. That's how we learn from each other too. Managing your stress exercise plays a big part in the process of it. Having that purpose in life, of course, doing your exercises, things like that, all are very, very important things. Number four, eat until you're 80% full. This is huge. I find myself in the last maybe four or five years, we always have something left on our plate as leftovers. This is just something that my wife and I seem to do now. Here in the States, generous in blue zones, the people stopped eating when they were mostly full. Now, when they finished everything on their plate or were too stuffed to eat another bite, he also observed that the biggest meal that they occurred in the late afternoon or early evening, not really close to bedtime. He also, let's see, scientific research has shown that eating late at night is linked to unhealthy weight and eating late at night is a very important part of life. I've stick to a plant forward diet. While in the subject of food, people in blue zones tend to eat a diet that's primarily plant based, consuming meat only a few times a month on several occasions. I think this has more to do with the availability and the financial aspects of them, but certainly eating the food in such a way that they're processed for us to eat and are very beneficial. Remember that in China and Japan, a lot of these areas that are blue zones, people really ferment a lot of things. And fermenting folks takes a lot of planning. If you just look at MISO, MISO is a eight to 10 year project. Some companies even do it four years or so, but it's a long process, so you really have this stuff in the ocean and haven't come up 10 years later as food or in these big vats that they use. So it's really important to understand that even though they may have had a more plant based diet, they knew what to do with those plants and there's certainly not the type of salads that they're eating that we have here. Certainly no GMO probably comes from their garden. They're probably gardening I put this out there that yeah, they had a plant based diet and it says here too, in China's longevity village, they picked their own produce and ate at the same day, another huge thing. And since they were essentially cut off from the rest of the world, they didn't have access to sugar or any processed food. The author also states that they ate fish maybe twice, maybe three times a week, which he says brings to mind kind of the Mediterranean style diet, which is loved by doctors and other dietitians. So these are definitely big things to do and they got a lot more, so let's stick around during the break. Please take a look at the health signals newsletter and it's only $5 a month, $10 for, or $10 a month, $5 for each issue. Pick that up and time to look at the primal edge too and I'll be right back. You know what's cool? Taking something that's good for you. Something specifically related to health with weight loss, better sleep, stress reduction, and the need to detox. Niko, our hunter and gatherer ancestors found all their nutritional requirements for health in their wild environment, but today our food sources no longer contain the vitamins, minerals and nutrients our bodies need to stay healthy and strong. That's why we need primal edge daily nutrition. It includes a special blend of ionics, oil-based vitamins, minerals, fatty and amino acids in an easy to use liquid form. Primal edge is powered by highly concentrated biofumic acids. Nature's preferred delivery system. They've been called miracle molecules because like sunlight air and water, life cannot exist without them. That's right Paige, they ensure we receive all the nutrition we need to be healthy and thrive. We take it every morning. Primal edge formulated and approved by Niko and Paige of living a primal lifestyle. Buy it today for just $89. Click on the primal edge banner on the front page of tfnn.com If you're a trader in the market looking for exposure to gold or gold mining equities, then now is a perfect time to sign up for Tom O'Brien's gold report. The summer is over gold is trading back above $1,500 and the 10-year treasury is hovering at around 1.5%. Tom O'Brien has been writing his weekly gold report for almost 18 years. There's no one that knows more about how the gold market trades and how gold mining equities react. New subscribers get a 30-day money-back guarantee so you have nothing to lose. Every Monday morning Tom publishes his weekly gold report with coverage of gold, silver, bonds, the XAU, HUI, GDX, the dollar, as well as more than 30 different mining equities. As of September 3rd, gold report subscribers have five active open positions with an average unrealized profit of almost 38% for each position to see for yourself the types of profitable trades that are recommended within the gold report. Sign up today by visiting tfnn.com David White's newsletter The Technology Insider is focused like a laser on finding the next big things in technology. If you had invested only $10,000 in Microsoft in 1986 you'd have been a millionaire by 2000. Disruptive technology like Microsoft is the key to these massive long-term profits and The Tech Insider is the vehicle from tfnn to capitalize on these opportunities. This is the go-to newsletter that identifies, monitors and profits on mostly little-known cutting-edge companies with great long-term prospects. David's experience is as an inventor of Emmy-winning animation products for TV and Hollywood that propelled a company public. Match that with 14 years as a full-time trader and he's uniquely qualified to guide you through the light-speed world of ever-evolving high tech. If you're ready to ride the next big technology bull market for less than $40 per month, log on to tfnn.com and get your two-week free trial to The Technology Insider. Get in on the ground floor of the next big thing today. Don't forget, you can listen to tfnn live on your mobile device 24 hours per day. Go to tfnn.com and hit Watch Tiger TV. That's tfnn.com and hit Watch Tiger TV for the latest market information. Welcome back to the show. Sometimes I get letters or something and I thought I'd read this one. This is from one of our listeners, Wayne and Wayne Sorenson. Hi, Nico found these in the state sale in Pagaso, Pagosa Springs this summer thought you'd be able to have some fun with these after your Colorado trip. Keep up the good work. And these are pictures in postcard form of stuff in Colorado. And some of these are some of the trails that my wife and I did. This is the Last Dollar Road. We went up that. This one is another Lost Dollar Road. A ton of silver This is really cool, Wayne. Thank you so much for thinking of me and my wife will get a kick out of this too and we'll definitely use them. Brings back really good memories of being off road in Colorado and doing all of the things that we do up here. So let's get back. Thanks, Wayne. Really appreciate that. Number six in our query here and now I've got everything up in the chat room. So sorry about that. Moderate alcohol consumption is the author observed that alcohol was consumed but moderately one or two glasses a day with a friend or food. This makes sense as light to moderate drinking, particularly wine has been associated with a longer life span according to a 2017 33,000 300 and 33,000 person eight year analysis. Those who occasionally enjoyed enjoyed a drink seven or less per week to be exact or 20% less likely to die of any cause and 25% to 30% more likely to die of cardiovascular disease than those who are completely sober. The key, of course, is to be mindful of course. Okay, so let's go back to the chart here. So number six, number seven, find your community. A sense of family and community is important in all Bloonsone communities. It's been directly linked to health. Many studies have been shown that lower rates of hypertension, obesity, diabetes and possibly even cancer for people with lots of friends loving relationships in their lives, he says. Dr. Day observed firsthand how belonging affected your health of people in China's longevity village. Our research shows that as long as people stayed in the village and adopted village lifestyle they were healthy and aging was slow. However, they left for employment in one of the big cities then their health suffered. And I equate this to like the tribal type of things. So we have a tribe of people, maybe 30, maybe 150 people and these are your buddies. These are the people that you can count on. These are the people that you live with, solve problems with, gather food with, eat with, sleep with, everything. So this is the type of community. We don't have that anymore. Our community has been pushed aside from a very early age. We're pushed out of the house instead of into the community. We're away at school, we're away at our jobs. We travel long distances to go places. Some people commute two or three hours a day. This is a type of thing that is really not good for our health, but our jobs demand it. Our type of lifestyle demands these things. So now we have to find other ways of connecting. And I would say the community of Facebook and Twitter and those things are not real communities. These are fake communities.  That's kind of the way I look at it. Try to stay away from those things. It's difficult because we're all apart and we want to connect. Connect through the telephone might be better.  Number eight is stay close with family. And again, this kind of the same thing. We're pushing our family away in the old days.   Maybe in their home just for a couple hours. But imagine taking it out of the home for hours at a time. It just doesn't make any sense. Educating your children. Your children are always educated by ourselves to make sure that their path and to be close both geographically and emotionally. And I think the geographic part really in the United States is huge because here we have a huge, huge country. And because of our jobs and because of our education, we move larger distances. Younger generations value and help care for older ones. This is the way it used to be. Now our older ones are segregated. So everything we do in our society today, segregates us. And that's really different from segregation as a population of like different minded people, in other words the black community, the brown community, the yellow community, the white community. These are unnatural things that we always wanted to live together. And at the same time, now we're not. And I don't think that's a bad thing. I think it's a good thing. I think the more we coagulate, the better it would be. The more we interbreed, the better it will be. We'll go back to one, maybe. It would be better. Dr. Day says that healthy age requires a close network of friends and family who share the health goals and values. Not something people can do on their own. This may be related to a sense of belonging. This may be in part of the healthy lifestyles. Happy people adopt along with other factors we cannot measure. The connection between people is huge. You're alone for a while to find companionship comes very quickly. This past weekend I was alone for quite a while and I always felt that pull. I can't wait until my wife gets home. I have to go visit this person, that type of thing. We like to be alone, but we like to be connected also. Number eight. Oh, that's number eight. Number nine. Maintain a full filling social life. Well, this is kind of the same thing I think involves community, involves having friends, involves maybe your bartender, somebody you talk to, maybe your therapist for some people. But when it comes to longevity you need to have a pal. You need to have somebody you can vent with. This I guess is why social workers and chiropractors and not chiropractors, but psychologists and things are around today because we don't have the buddy to talk to. We're constrained by work and by things that our ancestors never had to deal with. Maintaining a full life to me means connection to people. Connection to your family, first of all. Connection to your children. Connection to your grandchildren. I have great grandchildren. I don't connect enough that's for sure. I think we all have this little problem. If you want to be healthy I think some of these things are really, really important. They don't mention in here really about food as much except for that little thing about eating just vegetables. But I think if you eat clean food no matter what it is you're going to be successful at that. It's a thing I really think about these days because as I'm getting older now the danger of being hurt and then putting into a home, that's always kind of there. That's something I never want to see. I never want to be in one of these homes. Not with all these strangers. I want to be with family or by myself maybe. I don't know. We'll figure it out for sure because I don't know if you're incestated. Do you have really control over this kind of thing? Many things to think about here as you get older, maybe when you're 25 and 30 you don't think about it at all. Maybe in your 50s you don't even think about it but now that I'm in my 70s going towards that big 80 these things come to mind. I want to be independent. I want to have friends. I want to be connected with family and these things are really important and yet I live 1,300 miles away from a lot of my family. Thank goodness I have my wife and my friends here. Something to think about. Anyway, I'll be right back. Stick around folks. I've got a little bit more. I'm Steve Rhodes, author of Mastering Probability and for the last 12 months Timer Digest has been tracking my newsletter signals which have earned me the ranking as their number 1 market timer in the nation for the S&P 500 for the last 12, 6 and 3 months. Timer Digest also ranks me as the number 1 market timer for gold as well. The fact is markets can be timed and I'll teach you the exact set of tools to transform me into one of the best at what I do. Sign up for Mastering Probability today by clicking on the newsletter tab on the homepage of TFNN.com and get immediate access to workshops where I take you step by step how to use an extraordinary set of tools as well as provide great market calls too. Sign up today. Market commentary on a variety of markets, currencies and commodities to keep investors up to date on the day's trading action. Included in Market Insights are specific buy and sell recommendations for stocks, ETFs and even options which stops and price targets included for every trade in my newsletter. If you'd like to try my newsletter risk-free for 30 days then head over to the front page of TFNN and you'll find Market Insights under Trading Newsletters. 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At 10 a.m., Tom and Tommy O'Brien host the TFNN Bull Bear Trading Hour followed at 11 a.m. by the team at TD Ameritrade and Thinker Swim in the market. Basil Chapman hosts the Tiger Technicians Hour at noon, Steve Rhodes at 1 p.m. with the Traders Edge, Dave White at 2 p.m. with the Power Trading Hour, and Tom O'Brien anchors the daily lineup from three to five as host of the Tom O'Brien show. Tune in to TFNN's Tiger TV on your computer or mobile device and you can always find us streaming on YouTube. TFNN.com Educating Investors Chad, welcome back. From the last segment, I want to talk about this thing is wrong with this thing. An increasing rare scientific look at red meat we can sink our teeth into. So what she's doing here let me cancel this thing so I can read this. Scientists at the McMaster University of Ontario, Canada took up a recent trend toward generalizing adequate nutritional recommendations based upon weak observational studies and instead sought after an objective scientific analysis by looking at the best quality available evidence from decades of research. Research looks at was amounting to literally millions of human participants in five systematic reviews covering a large number of quality studies in order to arrive at their so-called controversial conclusions. In recent years the trend has been of course to get away from meat and Harvard and McMaster University started doing different studies on this so McMaster University has really pulled out some of these really good studies and I'm going to be putting this in the next newsletter of course and there's quite a bit in here so I can't really go into it too much but basically what they're saying is when the meat is clean when it's grass fed all the nutrition are in there for a healthy life this is what we need to be healthy and even some of these process meats that we've talked about and Paige and I have talked about there's a difference between getting a hot dog wherever you're getting that and making a nice sausage out of some real good veal or some good beef or some pork or whatever you're using that you know is clean that comes from your area that you happen to know the butcher which is rare these days and in Europe it's still that way in a lot of countries hopefully it stays that way but I think this is something that we want to get back to we want to get back to having a butcher in our lives just like the tailor used to be in our lives and the shoe repairman used to be in our lives it seems like these things now we throw out and get something new so even though I'm not reading this and going into it too much just be advised that there are some really really good meats out there so no where to find them thanks for sticking around I think Paige will be back next week so I'll see you next time bye bye


President for Asia and Japan Chair here at CSIS. As many of you know, he served in the Bush administration, the George W. Bush administration, as a senior director for Asian Affairs at the National Security Council. Sitting next to him is the famous Cho Gap-Jae, longtime senior journalist at Chosun Ilbo, and a longtime observer of Korean politics, Korean political issues, as well as the North Korea issue. Sitting next to him is our good friend Kim Tae-hyo. Kim Tae-hyo served in a couple of positions in government, but his last position was as senior secretary or national security advisor to President Lee Myeong-bak in the Blue House. And in Washington, we have this phrase, who is the go-to person in a particular country when it comes to policy issues? At least that's the way Professor Green and I used to talk about it when we were on the NSC. And Kim Tae-hyo was the go-to guy when it came to the Republic of Korea. And then poor John Sifton, he arrived here this morning and didn't realize that he'd be serving on two panels and has done a fantastic job in doing that. John Sifton is the Asia Advocacy Director at Human Rights Watch and has been one of the important forces behind the movement in New York and around the world when it comes to North Korean human rights. So like the other panels, we are doing this as a conversation. And I'd like to start by asking my colleague, Mike Green, if you could say a little bit about, again, this idea of the policy context of North Korean human rights. I mean, you served in the White House for six years, I think, in the first and the second Bush administration. How, in your own mind, how do you see the human rights issue? How was it back then? How has it been now? In what ways is it different? What do you see as the policy challenges, particularly when we look at the other priority for the United States, which is the North Korean nuclear issue? Thank you, Victor. Well, first of all, this conference itself, I think, will be viewed as experts on this issue and historians as a real turning point. Because I don't think, quite aside from the snow, I don't think you would have had such a high level of gathering around this issue five or 10 years ago, frankly. And I also think the Commission of Inquiry Report represents, for the international community, the strongest consensus we've ever had on this issue. And I think the Obama administration deserves some credit for putting out some pretty strong statements and consistent statements on North Korean human rights over the past few years. So we've really hit, as hard as this issue is, the strongest international and domestic consensus we've had on it. But for most of the time, I've been working on North Korea. The human rights issue has frequently been posed as a contradiction with diplomacy. That raising human rights was often considered something that would undercut efforts to get progress on the nucleus with North Korea to establish confidence. And this has been true in every administration over the last 20 years or so, including the Bush administration. And as you know, and Amanda knows, President Bush felt pretty strongly about this issue. I remember in the late 90s, for example, when I was at the Council on Foreign Relations, I was responsible for running the North Korea Task Force at the Council, which included about two dozen of the leading Asia experts in town to come up with a bipartisan consensus on North Korea policy. We didn't take it, and this is partly my fault, we didn't take a single look at this issue. It was all about the tactics and diplomacy of the nuclear issue and missiles and so forth. We didn't take a single look at this issue until KDO brought in some defectors to describe what life was like in the camps. And it was a moment that sort of shook everyone. And I remember arriving in the NSC in 2001 and receiving the draft human rights report from the Bureau of Democracy and what, DRL. And there was no North Korea section. And I called and asked why. And they said, well, the previous standing instructions from the seventh floor were to not quote, unquote, name and blame North Korea as long as this sensitive diplomacy was going on about a possible presidential visit and so forth. And the Japanese abductees were largely ignored by the Japanese and US governments in the 90s. And of course, in 2008, when you and I had already left the administration, sanctions were lifted on North Korea in spite of public promises this would not happen until there was progress on determining the fate of the abductees from Japan, which is also, of course, a human rights issue. So we're in a place right now where the diplomacy with North Korea is largely frozen, where the administration talks about strategic patience and where there is more room to be vocal about these issues. And I worry a little bit that if diplomacy gets back on track, there will be an instinct in some part of our government and other governments to start shelving this issue. And one thing to think about from that history is what would be the principles that the US government, the ROK government, Japan, Europe, would follow to make sure there is consistent application of our national sources of leverage on this, as hard as they are. And we could talk about that more, I suppose, in the conversation. But as much as we've achieved and as much as you hear in this conference, the default position for governments often is to view this issue as an inconvenience, frankly. And we need to think about how to make sure it stays in the front burner. Thanks. Cho Gap-je, you have seen many of the issues that Mike Green has talked about from the Korean perspective as a senior journalist. And you've also seen this issue develop over the years in South Korea. Could you give us your perspective? Thank you. I think it is almost two decades, saying in English. So I must request your cooperation to understand my English. Last 18th of December, 2014, was a great day for me. When I heard that news, UN assembly passed a resolution on North Korean issue, human rights issues. It was the day of the dream come true for me. I belong to the first generation of reporters who began to have interest in North Korean human rights issues. In 1989, I first interviewed the famous or infamous woman terrorist called Kim Hyunhee, who bombed Korean airline 105, killing 115. And I was shocked at his testimony about his poor life in North Korea. Because his testimony was almost the same with what our government said. I was always suspicious of government information about North Korea.  So I began to meet North Korean escape. And the North Korean escape appeared in the scene over South Korea in early 1990s when the Eastern Communist bloc collapsed. They brought truth and fact intelligence information about North Korea. And we conveyed the information to Korean public. And in 1992, Kang Chul-an and Ahn Hyuk, two person who was in Yodok concentration camp, came over to Korea. So we began to focus on concentration camp. In 1994, there was a man called Ahn Myung-chul, who was God in concentration camp who escaped. And he made a very detailed description of his role in concentration camp. And at that time, I was a chief editor of Manchur Dotson. I translated it into English version. And it became almost the poor. So in 1995, early November, I went to Israel to make an interview with Prime Minister Rabin. He was also Defense Minister on afternoon of Saturday. I went to his office in Tel-Aviv. And I made one hour interview. At the end of the interview, I gave English version of concentration camp testimony to him. urging Mr. Rabin to pay attention to concentration camp because you are Jews. Jews may understand what kind of magnitude concentration camp means. But Mr. Rabin got angry at me. He said, never compare to Holocaust. Holocaust is a unique thing. And it is not comparable to anything. Anyhow, I left my pamphlet on his desk. And I returned via Frankfurt to Gimpo Airport. I took taxi. Tax drive told me Rabin was assassinated. I was the last report who interviewed Mr. Rabin. But 2003, David Hawk visited my office to investigate the concentration camp and wrote great report, Hidden Gura. Also, my magazine, Mantri Jorson, made a very great scoop on the escape of Wang Jang-yong. We knew he will make an escape. But we waited until he took the action, not in Japan as planned, but in China. I also witnessed the agony of the late Wang Jang-yong during leftist administration that covered 10 years from Kim Dae-joon and the Roman government. Especially Kim Dae-joon's government put Wang Jang-yong under surveillance. And it took a kind of a covered operation to meet him. Wang Jang-yong brought the information about the inner circle world. I think the most important information what Wang Jang-yong wrote is that in 1980s, first half of 1980s, that was Kim Il-sung's regime. But second half of 1980s were actually that was Kim Jong-il's regime. And I still remember the joy which I felt on the 18th of December last year. Because that joy was doubled by our constitutional court verdict on United Progressive Party. We called them Jong-buk, Jong-buk means North Korea Followers. North Korea Followers. And our constitutional court dissolved the dead party on the grounds of they are pursuing the same goal with the North Korean Labour Party, making South Korea communist state, which will be eventually absorbed into North Korea. So two very important legal documents were appeared on same day. International law said that the North Korean regime committed crimes against humanity, crimes against humanity. And same magnitude as Hitler or Stalin. Also our constitutional law made verdict on the North Korean Followers. You are enemy of freedom. We cannot allow freedom to the party who vows to destroy freedom itself. So two documents has some very important relationship. I want to summarize like that. By UN assemble resolution, North Korean regime became same kind of totalitarian regime like Hitler and Stalin. And in South Korea, they are very strong pro-North Korea faction. And also North Korean Followers, or host of, promote of North Korean Followers, they are, they are like the people. I think it will be some radical comparison. Jews who are defending Hitler's Holocaust, same North Korean Followers who are defending and blocking, have been blocking our National Assembly passing the Human Rights Act almost for decades. I think the most under-reported or even all the thing in Korean politics is the presence of very strong pro-North Korean influence. I want to explain about that phenomenon, because they were successful to make, to make, to block, to have, blocking the passing of North Korean Human Rights Act. Also, they were successful, blocking the sending bloon to North Korea. Also, they were successful, blocking the Noh Myung government joining PSI, but later Lee Myung-bak joined the PSI. This means they are blocking mobilization of national resource, energy, and the national will to confront nuclear issue, nuclear threat, as well as human rights issue. I want to explain the background of this phenomenon. It all began in 1980s, Kwangju uprising. Kwangju uprising was a kind of crucial event in shaping of student movement. And North Korea used Kwangju incident to influence democratization movement. And movement was infiltrated by North Korean nationalism propaganda. And it focused to influence on South Korean public to sympathize the North as the weak and to the American as a kind of bully state. This student who experienced the leftist viewpoint during 1980s after graduating from colleges, they moved themselves into politics, media, academic, professor, law practice, NGOs, and became assemblyman, journalist, teacher, professor, judge, and activist. Kim Dae-ri and Noh Myung regime successfully elected full support with these leftist elements. And I can calculate the structure of public opinion in Korea now as three or four groups. 10% is, I think, core North Korean element. 20% sympathize to pro-North Korean element. And 30% core conservative. And the remaining 40% I will classify them as opportunistic middle. But the minority left is young, but the majority is old and disorganized. Why this kind of thing happened? I think Korea has too much dependence on the United States for its national security, made Korean people irresponsible people. And this public opinion made also irresponsible politicians, a kind of vicious circle. I want to make three interesting statistics. How the leftist rule has a kind of hegemony in Korean politics. The new politics alliance for democracy, the number one opposition party, they have 130 members in 300 members of the national assembly. Among them, 21 members from new politics party have the record of being convicted of violating national security law and anti-communist law, which punishing mainly the pro-North Korean activities. Almost all of them were convicted after 1988, when, which means that they violated the law after the democratically elected government began to respect the lawful proceeds. And another statistic is like this. During the Normans administration, 26 assemblymen criticized openly the passing of the North Korean Human Rights Act of 2004 in US Congress. All of them were ruling party members. Nine of them are serving as assemblymen in opposition party now. According to capture the North Korean spy called Kim Dong-sik, he said in 1990s, North Korean operation bureau instructed the North Korean followers in South Korea as fellow. You can criticize North Korea if necessary, except for these five areas. You never criticize. It is five points. One is North Korean leadership. Second, leadership inheritance. Three, North Korean political system for Kim Il-sung's self-reliance doctrine, so-called to change, lastly, human rights atrocities. I think pro-North Korean faction or North Korean followers faction, they are followers. This guideline, royally, even now. So I made a little long. I want to start here. Thank you. I have a picture. Sure, thank you. Kim Tae-hyo, if I wonder if you could also pick up on this issue of that, both Dr. Green and Jo Gap Jae raised about this, the human rights and the nuclear issue. How did you have to deal with it in your administration? But particularly looking forward, if you were still in the Blue House, how would you deal with this momentum now on the human rights issue? Depending on which way the wind blows, there's always a chance that nuclear talks could restart again.  To be included in the last session is not a good thing normally, because session after session, normally you lose the number of the audiences. But today, it's very strange. Most crowded and more important people in this last session, so I feel lucky today. And I was impressed by the divergent various elements of the audiences, particularly, because there are some lawmakers here and administrators, journalists, international organization staff, key people, and NGO activists. So very diverse membership, promises, in-depth and dynamic discussion. And also, I found diverse methodology here today. I learned a lot. There were some comparative case studies, and there were some narration approach, and there were some audio display, and there were some interview approaches. So these mixture of all different methodologies makes social science more mature and diverse. And also, I enjoyed interdisciplinary approach today. There were some ethics and political science and the cognitive psychology and also international law. So these all approaches makes me more exciting to approach the same human rights issues in terms of policies and also academic positions. Let me be more succinct in order to allow more feedback questions and comments after all. And first of all, I try to just mention on three dimensions of North Korean human rights issues. First aspect is the threat to North Korean people's freedom of their thoughts and also threat to North Korean people's pursuing a better life in a new open society. The other dimension is the tens of thousands of North Korean core elite members. They are also victims because they are captured by Kim Jong-un's reign of terror. They say what they have to say, but they do not believe so. This is the problem. Third dimension is South Korean people. We are also victims because we have to pay higher political, military, economic, and psychological costs because of a divided peninsula and also these human rights conditions. There are some international challenges against the ROK government. First challenge is our coordination with the U.S. governments on balancing sticks and carrots towards the DPRK. If we reword Kim Jong-un regime, it will aggravate North Korean human rights condition. If we punish them, they'll try to send more laborers to international society and also it will aggravate North Korean human rights condition. But good thing about this is that you reduce the power of the distribution system by the Kim Jong-un regime and in consequences you intended or not markets and more information and materials will be flourished in the black market in North Korean society simply because of the weakened central control over local society and their economy. Second challenge is South Korea's separating security cooperation from history conflicts with Japan. South Korea and Japan is struggling for their bilateral relationship and as a result, we do not have a efficient and dynamic trilateral security cooperation as we did 10 or 15 years ago. So this is a huge challenge not only for Japan but also Korean government. Third international challenge is handling the PRC's reluctance to encourage North Korean change while initiating discussions on a unified Korea. We have free trade agreement with China and the more and more we talk about future unified Korea relationship with China. But still China focuses more on peaceful and agreed unification rather than a South Korea-initiated peace and open democratic society. So we still a lot of challenges and tasks still left in terms of our engagement with China. The other point is out of case domestic challenges. Professor and Honorable Jo Gap-je already explained Korean domestic histories and our dilemmas better than anyone else. And let me point out just three domestic challenges. One challenge is ideological division politicized North Korean policy already. We are divided between left and right and both sides are competing to buy more support from a, as you, Mr. Cho, said, opportunistic critical mess or ignorance mess, medias and public messes. They do not have exact information. And sometimes when they witness summit meeting between North and South, they believe dialogue is better than anyone else, anything else. But some other government appears and try to publicize that market is much more important and human rights issue is almost important. We have to limit our strategic assistance and then people start to get more other side of understanding about North Korea policy. So they are shaky. So key is what is the central government position? What kind of network and power could be utilized by the president and his office staff members in order to provide accurate information and lead public to support their North Korea policy? The other one is as a result, Korean vulnerable democracy into which North Korea has deeply penetrated. Already Mr. Cho mentioned. Third one is our preparation for unification. Particularly unification plan assimilating each field of North Korean society. Education, welfare policy, military and economics, jobs, trainings, everything. So regardless of any normal time, peacetime North Korea policy, we have to separately focus more on our own independent unification plan. My final point is about policy prescription. We have to focus more on the presence and immediate human rights violations in North Korea. As Michael Green already mentioned, diplomacy and engagement policy toward North Korea cannot be and should not be conflicted by our focus on humanitarian concerns. It's a problem of balancing and you can wisely uphold and pursue these two things depending upon your strategy. My second point is to ensure that ROK US policy toward North Korea is consistent and well coordinated. In particular, essential military and political measures that can be adopted without negotiation with North Korean leaders should be our top priority. We don't have enough time wait out until North Korean leaders might change. So for now what we can do and what we should do is to find out more creative and effective solutions that can change North Korean local societies, that can change North Korean elites, that can change North Korean people's minds through our own independent creative measures. So alliance and like-minded countries active and proactive approaches can still make meaningful, tangible results without strong agreement from North Korean leaders. My final point is about strengthening strategic dialogue with the Chinese government on the issues of North Korean refugees and limiting flows of strategic materials to North Korea and possible cooperation during and after North Korean contingencies. Thanks, Daniel. John Sifton, perhaps you can tell us a little bit about what are the challenges that you see going forward for the NGO community now that momentum has built over 2014. And as we look to the future, what sort of things do you see NGOs having to do to try to move government policy in the directions that you'd like to see? Well, first of all, I'll say I share Michael Green's anxiety about the trade-off that will happen if diplomacy is revived in a meaningful sense. I don't think we should care ourselves, we need to be very honest that if there was a well-coordinated effort of outreach by the North Korean government to the international community on the nuclear proliferation issue or just on general issues, proliferation and human rights, it would immediately impact the capacity to keep human rights issue on the table at the Security Council. Simply their extension of a invitation to the Special Rapporteur cost us huge amounts of anxiety and heartache as we lobbied in the Security Council for votes on the general, excuse me, in the General Assembly on votes for the General Assembly resolution. As many fence-sitting countries said, well, they've invited the Special Rapporteur, should we perhaps consider easing up on the language?  It would be a terrible bargain to trade off a single Special Rapporteur visit for operative language in a historic General Assembly resolution. We have to keep the ball rolling. And thankfully, it didn't go forward in part due to DPRK's own lack of honesty in extending that offer. But I raise all that because I share your anxiety. I really think this is a concern down the line. We can balance, we can try to balance, we should try to balance, I think that's correct. But at the end of the day, diplomacy's gain will be the human rights movement's loss. We will suffer as we try to push this forward. But you asked before on the earlier panelists what can be done to mitigate that or offset that problem. There are a couple of ideas. I mean, one is if you create institutions and processes, whether in the United Nations context or any other, which can't be traded away in diplomacy very easily, then they can't be traded away in diplomacy very easily. So if you create a sole office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights which is actively investigating and carrying out research and you wind it up as it were to go and it's funded and it can't be easily or procedurally unwound and stopped, then it can't be traded away in the diplomatic realm and that's good because it should keep doing its work. If you have certain things going on in the context of the other special procedures, excuse me, that's inside UN talk, the special procedures of the UN Human Rights Council, the special rapporteurs, the working groups, if they are actively pursuing efforts which are paying dividends, you've created a process that is moving along that can't be traded away because the nonproliferation diplomats, whether they're from the ROK or Japan or Russia or the United States can't just turn off the UN system. UN system is its own thing and it can't be controlled by the National Security Council or the ROK government. So that's one solution. The other is just in the domestic law of the ROK in the United States, passing the legislative regimes which create new sanctions, listings for the Treasury Department here in Washington to restrict financial relationships with individuals in North Korea, banks in China which do business with them. If you start these things going, it's not as though they can be unwound so easily if diplomacy revives. I'm not against diplomacy. I'm not saying, I'm not trying to sabotage diplomacy but I think there are some hedges that can be taken so that negotiators can't simply trade away legitimate and meaningful and important human rights efforts. The lessons of Burma, again, rear their head here. The sanctions regime played a huge role in convincing the military, Hunter and Burma to turn away and the sanctions in Burma and human rights watch's view were lifted, were relaxed a little bit too quickly and the leverage was lost a little bit too quickly. It's the sense that you will trade things away if North Korea engages in real legitimate diplomacy down the line but let's try to keep it to a minimum and not relax those sanctions too well. I think it's right not to make too much of a big deal about the politicization issue. I mean, it's definitely true that in the ROK the domestic situation has been towards North Korea's human rights situation has been highly politicized but let's remember that it's become less so and that in Japan it is much less so and that here in Washington it is very much not so. It is not politicized. President Bush met objectives from Japan and other victims, President Obama met objectives when he went to Tokyo last year. We have Senators Rubio, Senators like Barbara Boxer, different people, very interested in the North Korea situation, Representative Royce, Representative Engel, co-sponsoring efforts on legislation in the House. This isn't about communism, it's not about free markets, it's not about Republicans or Democratic ideologies, it's about human rights and that's an important thing to remember as we go forward. Great, I was by way of answering your question. Great John, those are a great set of comments in particularly this point about how policy makers have to really internalize that what's happening here and what's been happening with the COI over the past year are truly meaningful things. They're not simply, they're not sort of things that just happen because there's nothing else happening with North Korea that they really do have meaning for everybody. We do have some time for questions. I know the audience has been very patient. If you, I think we have people with mics roaming around. If you could ask your question, we'll go here at Jong Han Kim. Hi, my name is Jong Han Kim, I'm an attorney. I have a question for Michael Green. It appears that the United States is an important party, perhaps the most important party in this issue on North Korean human rights. How do we keep this issue alive and get the traction going with the current administration, with the US administration, or even if in the next US administration? And when the diplomacy comes back, you had mentioned there's a tension and so we don't make sure that this issue doesn't get pushed aside. So with consciousness raising, I would hope that in our presidential cycle, this comes up and candidates are asked about it. And I would hope their answer would be that engagement and diplomacy have a purpose, but there are two areas where the United States will not compromise for the sake of dialogue. And one would be illicit and illegal activities by North Korea, which violate international law in which they're a threat. And the second would be human rights violations and just set that out as a principle. I like very much what John said about ways to institutionalize this. I think the reporting requirements within legislatures, US Congress, the National Assembly, the Japanese Diet, annual regular reporting requirements. In the 90s, it was very, there was a great debate in the Clinton administration about whether or not to talk about the PLA military buildup until Congress required an annual military report on the PLA. So it became a matter of course for the Pentagon to report on what the PLA was doing. And it led to an unemotional pragmatic discussion of what that meant for US policy. So a regular reporting requirement within the legislatures would help. I think there are specific issues that should be targeted. One would be what's called in diplomacy, Ray Falmont, which is returning forcibly refugees, which China is guilty of. I would like to see in the US ROK 2 plus 2 and other statements a strategy for convincing countries, China principally, to not violate international norms with respect to forced repatriation. And to come up with this as a joint position of the US ROK and one would hope other democracies vis-a-vis Beijing, but one that's highlighted early. I think a number of these things will help keep this at the forefront. We're not in the same place as we're in the 90s because I think there's so much skepticism now about what diplomacy will yield with North Korea. They've cheated on so many agreements on nuclear issues and missile issues that the currency of negotiations is reduced somewhat. So that might make it a little bit easier. The last thing I'd say is I always felt in the White House it was the first passage of a resolution against North Korea was in around 2003, right? But it was a very near-run thing and the governments of Kinde Jun and Nomuhyun were very hesitant to move on this. They were one of the last movers. And as a result, it was very hard for the US or other countries to get the Europeans to act with one voice. There were very different opinions within Europe. And so the real Achilles heel or the international effort to focus on this is what Tehio and Mr. Cho pointed to, the polarization within the ROK. That's really the Achilles heel and passage of a North Korean Human Rights Act would help. But as listening to Mr. Cho describe these former prisoners and people who'd been arrested and street protesters and I was thinking, yeah, these were victors in my counterparts in the Blue House when we were in the NSC and we worked pretty well together. And I think that ultimately there's gonna have to be a dialogue across ideological lines in the ROK. It can't just be imposed from the right, even though most of the energy is from the right. It has to be a dialogue to try to find middle ground to close the biggest Achilles heel. Yes, Andrew Yeo. Hi, Andrew Yeo, Catholic University. My question is for our two distinguished panelists from South Korea. I was wondering if you could give us an update on the North Korean Human Rights Act in South Korea and what your thoughts are on a path forward in getting this legislation through. Thank you. As Governor Kim Moon-soo already mentioned during his luncheon speech, more than 15 Korean local governments is urging a Korean parliament to speed up the process of North Korean Human Rights Act. And in this coming April, Seoul is a plan to host the North Korean Human Rights Field Attaché office in Seoul. So there'll be, I think, another positive momentum for Korean people to remember and to assure the importance of this issue. So I think not only the ruling party, but also the opposition and mass media and all the Korean people need to be continuously get a ring for the importance of this matter. And then they should be a self-compare, what is international audiences and what the other outside members are doing on this same issue and how much they have been so reactive so far. That kind of a comparison will be tested, I think, in this coming spring. Do you want to say anything on this? Would you like to say anything about the North Korean Human Rights Act? Okay, next question. Yes. My name is Grace Kong. What do you think of the idea of harnessing the momentum created by the COI to seek the downgrading of the legitimacy of DPRK at the UN by rejecting the credentials of DPRK so that it cannot participate in the activities of the UN General Assembly? This would be akin to what happened to South Africa. What do you think of that? John, do you want to take part in that? That's a great law school exam question. Awesome. I think there would be losses, costs to doing that. There would be a pretty minor benefit in terms of isolation, but I don't think that the benefits outweigh the costs. There is some talk, by the way, about the international criminal court jurisdiction of the Republic of Korea being interpreted as the whole of the peninsula, which would give the ICC jurisdiction over North Korea, which might be made possible by such a move, but I don't think the benefits outweigh the costs. It's one of those strange ideas which has been floated, like the trillion dollar coin to pay off the national debt that I think, it's interesting to think about, but perhaps not the best policy idea. But others may feel differently. Carl? The costs are you would lose the dialogues. I mean, they are at Geneva. They are talking to, they are brought before the Human Rights Commission. They engage, there are fora in which you can engage with them, which Ambassador King has engaged with them and others, and those are areas in which, when there will be improvements, when there will be progress made, that'll be where it happens. So you'd be losing all that if you could comment on the UN. Thanks. Carl Gershman. Mr. Kim spoke about tens of thousands of elites in North Korea that are victims. I wonder if you could speak a little bit more about that. How to reach those people, and are they the source of potential cleavage within the North Korean system? Okay, since because they cannot change their mind they cannot change their existing position even during and after unification. But those members are less than 100 people. Except for these, a few number of people, I think almost tens of thousands of North Korean elite members can be mobilized or transformed into pro-South Korean people after unification. Like German cases, you have to prepare for your own alternative solutions, finding jobs and retraining themselves and give them more field experiences in military area and factories and some more expertise fields and areas. But at this moment, many progressive people in South Korea arguing that a hawkish policy toward North Korea has not produced any good consequences. See Pyongyang, more buildings and the lively streets and North Korean economies. You cannot find any feminists as before. But these are missing some important facts. North Korean people are not starving because of their own autonomous markets, not because of central government distribution system. As Remyonggwa government and current government are limiting strategic aid to North Korea, including rice, cash and oils, North Korea should extract more of caches using other illegal ways. And then North Korean society and people and elite groups are corrupted and they are finding their own independent new patterns of lives. This one is accumulating much more in mutual discrepancies and mutual suspicions even among all elite groups. So if something happens and if their internal debate deepens against their policy failures, you can see some surprising consequences. These phenomena are accumulating now, but from the surface you can say that Kim Jong-un is safely controlling everything and you cannot see any problems from the core elite groups and North Korean streets and Pyongyang seems to be okay. But I see and I sense that more danger and uncertainties of internal Pyongyang and North Korean society. Ambassador Lee, you want to say something on this? Yeah, sort of a two fingers. I think you're very, I know the forum is not really possible. There's a mic behind you. I think it's a very important question that you raised. I just wanted to make one very quick point and this is probably the reason why we have to transition from the, especially as the international community, particularly the United Nations, I don't know whether we'll take the ICC route or the international tribunal route, but as we think about and prepare for the criminal-prosecutory mechanism, it's very important to transition from the collective responsibility to more individualized sort of crimes, criminal act or guilt, which basically means that we have to look at individuals and start naming these people who are directly responsible. I think that's a very important foundation for any prosecutory mechanism. So I think that in part sort of addresses the issue that you raised. I just wanted to raise that. Thanks, and I think we have one last question from Nick, so Nick Everstad. Thank you, Victor. Nick Everstad, American Enterprise Institute. I've got a question for my friends, Kim Tae-hyo and Cho Gapche, about the politics, or maybe we should call it the psychopathology of North Korean human rights in South Korea. It's very, very hard for South Korea's foreign friends to understand the tremendously deep ambivalence that so much of the South Korean population has about promoting human rights in the DPRK. The nearest analogy for American society or for European societies was the intellectual disorder that was known as anti-anti-communism back in the old days. And anti-anti-communism really didn't end until the collapse of the Soviet Union. My clinical question is, do you see practical ways in which people on the progressive side of the aisle can be welcomed in and included in the North Korean human rights movement in South Korea? And if so, what needs to be done to include them? I think in Korean, the most important thing is ideology. I think ideology is the most important strategy also policy. And we are fighting with the communists. Communists, they are communists. Of course, someone calls the North Korea not communists, but they are communists plus the kind of cult, or you can say, gangsta family, anyhow. But this kind of thing not happened in South Korea already. We can say in 1930s in Europe, there was many intellectuals who defended the Stalin's mass execution and the short trial. And this kind of defending Stalinism transferred to their country, their country because the intellectual wrote many books, articles, and it became a kind of a moral decay among the European intellectuals. I think similar thing happened in 1930s in United States, United States, after the pressure the intellectuals turned to left and many bright men from east joined the communist party and became spy. I remember two famous person, Elger Hiss and the next white. So the UN and IMF planned by two Soviet spy. Almost the same thing happened in South Korea in during 1980s. And the genius propaganda from North Korea, they disguised as nationalists, not communists. And you said progressive, but actually in Korea there is no progress. The pro-North Korean section in Korea is called progressive, but they are not progressive, they are ultra-reactionary. And some English newspaper in Korea even called the United Progressive Party which is solved by a constraint called liberal. How you can say the pro-North Korean section liberal, they are blocking the passing of human rights act in the national assembly. But they are called in South Korean media as liberal, progressive, democratic fighters, et cetera. So I think it explains some situation in South Korea, but it is not only thing in the world. Some happens in another country, in another age. Thanks, Tae-ho, did you wanna say something on that? I'd like to find an answer on next question from power politics in both North and South Korea. Most North Korea experts makes mistakes simply by looking at North Korea from the lenses of some just radical communism. This is not a simple communist country, this is a very unique Kim family dynasty leadership country. So Russia and China, they are collective leadership. So newcomers come and try to deny former leaders and then they should focus more on daily lives of the people to gather more public support, to sustain their power. But North Korea, grandfather, father and grandson, they are all from the same family. They do not have any flexibility to look at human rights issues or other things. They just absorb into their own family power. That's the nonsense dilemma of North Korean human rights situation. South Korea too, opposition party, try to do their own best to win the next presidential election. And 2000, there was a first South-North Summit meeting. People got surprised and they get emotionalized. And then they voted for another next president, no. And then 2007, less explosive, but people still pour into tears. And many people became to believe in 10 years that dialogue is best. And then they do not have enough information on North Korean nuclear threat. They do not have enough understanding on human rights situations. So human rights situation now in South Korean politics is a little bit boring than just simple dialogue with North Korean leaders. So it takes time. You have to change the perception of the people and then you have to find out the new way of winning the next election. Thank you. Great, thanks. So unfortunately, we're at the end of our time for this panel, so I wanna thank our panelists very much for a very stimulating session on policy issues. So it's my job just to adjourn the session. And let me start by thanking everybody. So I wanna, and I have the list. I wanna thank Ambassador Kirby and Commissioner Deruzma and Commissioner Braserco for joining us today. Ambassador King, Ambassador Lee, Kurt Campbell, who was with us this morning, Carl Gershman and Governor Kim Min-soo for your speeches at lunchtime. I wanna thank my co-organizers, Amanda Schnitzer, Lindsay Lloyd from the Bush Institute, as well as Greg from HRNK and Lee Jung-hun and Liz from the Yonsei Center for Human Liberty. And I also wanna thank all of our staff. I feel that we need to do this since they all, we're working late into the night yesterday to make this happen. Marie Dumond, Ellen Kim, Rosa Park, SJ, everybody. Liz, thank you very much for all of your thoughts. Let me just say in closing that I'll never forget the time I was at the White House, one conversation I had with a North Korean defector and Mike was there for this as well, who we brought in to see the president. And afterwards, as we were walking out and leaving, he looked back at the White House compound and he pointed to the West Wing and he said, is this the White House? And we said, no, that's the West Wing. The big building is the White House. That's where the president and Mrs. Bush and everyone live. And he just looked at us and he said, thank you. And I said, thank you for, do you want a tour? Is that what you want? He said, no, just thank you because if you didn't care, meeting all of us here, then nobody would care. And I think as your video said, I mean, why do we all work so hard on this issue? It's because we care. And I feel like today was something very special. I mean, we had all the elements against us. We had the snow, we had late arriving food, we had protests from the DPRK in New York. And in spite of all this, all of you are still here at the end of a very long day. And I think it's just testament to the fact that we're celebrating the commission's work, but there's still a lot more to do. And I think we're all here because that's what we're gonna do. We're not done yet. There's a lot more to do. So thank you all very much. Thank you.


This research paper discusses the development of a novel intranasally-delivered transferisome nanovessical, QRTFS, formulation for quercidin, QR, a nitrocytical compound used to protect the brain from oxidative stress-induced neurodegeneration. The researchers found that the optimized QRTFS formulation had a higher rate of absorption than the QR solution, as well as a more sustained release pattern and increased permeability through the nasal mucosa. Furthermore, they observed that the GNPs produced by the QRTFS formulation accumulated in the brains of treated animals, suggesting that this formulation could be used to deliver QER to the brain. This article was authored by Muhammad H. Alkami, random Muhammad Zaki, Omar Al-Saidan, and others.