Jalow again Darn it. I forgot how I used to say that check. Let's rehearse the commercial once more.  We'll be on the air in a few minutes Why don't you study the script some script? I went through it five times and I can't find a single joke Well hold it up to the light. There must be some there Ha ha ha Josh I I don't ever remember being this nervous on an opening broadcast I guess I'll be all right as soon as I get my first laugh. That may take as clear into april Can you stop being so pessimistic you got plenty of funny stuff for tonight Yes, jack. I wouldn't worry about the script if I were you By the way, have you got the same writers you had last season?  Where are they?  Benny. Holy smoke. I don't know why I'm so jittery an old trooper like me Why should I be nervous just because we're broadcasting from new york? Well, maybe it's because you can remember when the indians were here Oh quiet. I'll tell you one thing mary nervous This is a sign of temperament and it proves that i'm a great artist. Hey don. Yes jack.  I'm all on edge the way it is What's the matter mr. Benny? Well, we've been off the air since last may we'll be broadcasting in a few minutes Aren't you nervous? No, I'm happy. It'll be fun to start eating again What why why Dennis you poor kid if you needed money for food this summer why why didn't you come to uncle jack? Uncle jack's race are too high Now wait a minute when kenny baker needs money. Mr. Allen doesn't charge him any interest. He's very liberal Listen liberal listen get fred allen wouldn't give his grandmother a new tip for her crutch if he owned a rubber plantation Talk about saving money. He tried to get a transfusion from a chinaman so he could live on rights Imagine I'd keep quiet if I were you you took me to the store club the other night when the check came you pulled a knife on the waiter Well, where do they get that stuff a dollar and a half for a steak sandwich? Who wouldn't complain who wouldn't squawk? Well, I'm getting tired of being thrown out of every place we go Nobody was thrown out now listen mary two minutes to go mr. Benny. Yeah Hey, I wonder I wonder if the music is all set. Where's where's phil harris? There he is looking out the window Oh, yes. Gee has that guy changed gosh. He's so in love since he married alice. Yeah, oh phil Phil have you noticed fellows the leaves are turning brown. Oh my goodness Phil snap out of it now Now remember not to play your opening band number too loud phil because don has to do his commercial over it So so keep it down. I'll be very happy to thank See while he's in such a soft mood. I ought to slug him. I may never get another chance like this Now phil come to will you say jack? I'm not going to do this joke here. It's too corny. Where this one here Mary that's a topical gag. We have to do them topical or no topical I'm not going to say that you go out with a girl in brooklyn because you can't dodge her Dodger, don't you get it? Mary the brooklyn dodgers. That's a baseball joke. I had a bad I hit you right over the head with us Fine attitude now. Look, I'm the boss here and if you don't take jack here comes our sponsor. Whoops the sponsor.  Mortimer. Hello jack. Hello mary and everybody Well, mr. Mortimer, we're just about set for our first broadcast. Are you going to listen to the show this year? I mean this evening Yes jack, and I hope it'll be funny. We don't want to get off on the wrong foot. You know, no, no, we don't know indeed No, no sir, you know the public they can tune you out just as fast as they can tune you in oh faster faster I mean, yes, sir. It's up to them. All right. One minute to go. Mr. Bennet. Okay. Okay. Get ready fellas Now mr. Mortimer, you've looked over the script and everything is fine. I hope yes jack There's only one thing. I don't like. Why don't you?  What was that suggestion more to middomer mr. Mortimer Uh What's wrong now if there's anything you don't jack here your rider my riders. Oh back from rose land day Listen you guys. Where's our last routine? Look, we want a cup All right, you'll want a cup your wonderful dancers Now go in the other room and pick up our last spot on what on what where's your typewriter? We bet it on luluba Oh my goodness. Well use a pencil anything get it done.  Mortimer now. What was that gag you didn't like The one miss livingson tells about your girl in brooklyn that drives a dodge Oh, no, no, mr. Mortimer You've got that wrong. She drives a dodger. I mean I go I go with a girl in brooklyn because I can't dodge her It's very funny. Don't you get it? Now just what is there between you and this woman nothing nothing mr. Mortimer I don't even know her. It's only a joke in 10 seconds. Stand by everybody. Okay. Come on fellas Let's give him a good show on your toes. Well, what about that joke? All right, mr. Mortimer You're the boss take it out mary. Take it out. Take it out. I thought you were the boss not when he's here Take it out. Take it out. Jack jack quiet. We're on the air. Take it. Oh Jello again, pardon me. That's too soon quiet everybody quiet. We're on The jello program brought to you by jello and jello puddings coming to you from new york city Starring jack benny with mary livingston philharis denis day and yours truly don wilson the orchestra opens a program with high neighbor News news big news good news the most exciting news in years for dessert lovers everywhere It's news about jello your favorite everybody's favorite the one and only jello But so new so much better than any jello dessert has ever been You'll hardly be able to believe it and what's the reason why it's jello's new locked in flavor the most revolutionary improvement in jello dessert's ever made Before jello made this discovery jello dessert constantly lost flavor right up to the very moment you use them But the new jello is different today by means of a new exclusive process all of jello's full original goodness Is locked right into the little jello particles for keeps so time can't steal it away prove it for yourself Buy a package of jello open it. Notice that there's no sweet fruity aroma. No sign of escaping flavor whatsoever Then make it up the instant you dissolve it. There it is The clear rich vivid flavor of jello treasured up for your enjoyment by jello's new locked in process Don't wait another day to try it get several packages of jello j-e-l-l-o tomorrow the flavor never goes away. We put it in it's there to stay By the orchestra now ladies and gentlemen for the first time this season We bring you our master of ceremonies a man who has missed you as much as you have missed him or have you jack benny Thank you. Thank you. Uh jello again. This is jack benny talking and don isn't it wonderful to be opening our season here in New York for a change. There's so much going on so much excitement and everything. Yes jack I've never seen the old town so crowded. Why not all the new shows opening the lewis nova fight the world series Have you seen any of the games don? No, I haven't jack. I knew it would be terribly crowded and I didn't want to get pushed around Look who's worried about being pushed around there Now wait a minute jack that fat stuff isn't going to be believable this year I was on a diet all summer and I lost eight pounds eight pounds Don taking eight pounds off of you is like losing a homing pigeon Look in your backyard and there it is But speaking speaking of crowds don I went to ebbets field yesterday and boy those brooklyn fans go absolutely crazy Billy you never saw anything like it. Yes. I read where a lot of people even had the clothes ripped off You said it don I can understand what happened to my hat my tie and my shirt But how I lost my art supporters. I'll never know My shoes were still on There must have been quite an experience. Oh, I wouldn't want to go through that again for oh, well. Hello, Mary. Hello. Hello, Don Oh, hello, Mary. How are you? Well, Mary here. We are in new york again and believe me. We couldn't have picked a better time Yeah, things are sure popping. Yes, sir Jack and I were just talking about all the people that came here for the fight in the world series Yep hotels are so crowded. It's hard to get the accommodations you're accustomed to Oh, it's murder. I'll say jack had to take a room with a bath Now wait a minute sister. I always get a room with a bath none of that walking down the hall for me Oh, no no, then why do you always buy hiking shoes with your pajamas Mary you keep that up and I won't take you any more shows. You're not the only girl I know around here. That's right. You know don jack goes with a girl in brooklyn because he can't Hold it. Hold it. Take it out.  What's the matter with you? Mary, we can't do that gag. The sponsor's sitting in the front row. That's all right.  Just remember, Mary, we're not doing any corny gags on this program Correction, look who's coming. Hi you folks. Here's your little ray of california sunshine make me happy That's plenty folks. I'm the star here.  Neither have I Phil. Do you look great? Why not? I'm in love I feel like a million bucks. Well, Mary, sure agrees with them. Hey Phil, did you bring Alice with you? Did I bring Alice with me? My baby's always with me. Listen to him. Did you fly or take the train? Who knows Jackson? Who knows? Well, I'll be darned. Ah folks, ain't love grand. What hotel are you stopping at, Phil? Well, you know them two big towers on the wall door for Storia? Yeah, we're living on a cloud right above them On a cloud. Hey, Jack, maybe you can get one without a bath. Mary Well, failure sure got it bad. You know, I haven't been a... Oh, hello Dennis. Hello, Mr. Benny Well folks, here's your little squirt of california irons juice. Applaud on me Well, Benny, buddy. Here we are the Jell-O gang all together again. Now, have you been enjoying yourself, Dennis? Yeah, I've been listening to the world series games on the radio. Those dodges are a cinch to win.  They are moiterums Well, I don't I don't know about that, Dennis. Those Yankees are pretty powerful. Bylone, there get a brooklyn They're sure they were supposed to play at Abbott's Field Friday and they didn't even show up Well, well naturally it rained Friday. Oh, yeah Dennis they don't play baseball when it rains Now look, Dennis, if you're so sure of the Dodgers and they certainly had a tough break today, I'm sorry Leo But uh, how would you Dennis if you're so sure of them? How would you like to make a little bet? I haven't eaten since May and he wants to bet Oh, yes, I forgot about that I'll tell you what Dennis right after the broadcast meet me over at the store club And I'll buy you a nice safe dinner the store club. What jack I thought you just never mind, don't never mind It's um, it's a date Dennis. Uh meet me there But it's always so crowded mr. Benny howl I find you if you come at the right time. They'll throw him right in your face Mary one more crack out of you and you'll be holding that cake of ice in the new Olson and Johnson show They're looking for talent Uh, now Dennis, yes, please Time is fleeting. So how about entertaining us with a number? Are you in good shape for a song? It rained, he says it did Now sing wait a minute. I'll take it Hello, oh mr. Benny. This is Rochester Rochester, where are you? I'm up here at the Lenny's Avenue. If at first you don't succeed roll them again close Oh shooting dice, eh? How much are you ahead ahead boss if I was winning this phone call would be purely social Oh, oh, so that's it. Well Rochester don't expect to borrow any more money from me. What boss now look boss I'll get a gentleman stand back Rochester, who are you talking to some fraternity brothers? 22 Freddy Well, I'm very sorry Rochester, but I can't advance you any more money Look boss, how about sending over that 50 dollars I won from you on the lewis nova fight the lewis nova fight I told you before I do not owe you that money, but boss. I'll get a gentleman for that thing Rochester Our bet was that nova would be knocked out knocked out. Yes Now you see lewis couldn't have knocked out nova because nova had what you call a yogi cosmic punch He's been perfecting it for months. Uh That cosmic punch is something brand new. It's never been used before impractical ain't it? You don't understand Rochester. I'm not going to explain it to you. So goodbye. But wait a minute boss gentlemen, please Rochester Rochester sir, I'm gonna hang up now.  Goodbye. I like to come to york just once without Rochester getting into trouble sing better I'm coming along by dentist a and very very good and now ladies and gentlemen Hey, mr. Benny, what is it kid? Do you know where I can get a ticket for the game tomorrow? I'd sure like to see the Dodgers play Well, I've only got a pair of them dentists for mary and myself Do you want to go tomorrow mary? Sure? I do. I paid for my ticket and I'm going Oh, you speculator You paid just what I paid I'm sorry dentists. Why don't you give them your ticket? You've been out to every game and haven't seen one of them All right. So I left my glasses in california. Anyway, I told you I don't need glasses go on You can't even read the news flashes on the times building without them. Well, those letters move That's why you should have seen him last night running round and round the building trying to get the headline No quiet And now ladies and gentlemen, but jack what about those glasses you're wearing right now don they came this morning airmail specials So I'm wearing them big thing over nothing And now ladies and gentlemen, you don't need your glasses, eh? Tell them what happened in ebbetsfield yesterday nothing happened, you know when you try to carry mary, but wasn't very tell us about it Well jack and I went over to brooklyn and when we got to ebbetsfield boy, was it proud? I told him about the crowds Anyway Well, anyway, as jack told you he's left his glasses in hollywood So as we walked through the gates, he kept saying to me. Are you sure this is the place mary? Are you sure? Are you sure? Are you sure this is the place mary? Are you sure? mary mary, where are you? Don't get panicky.  You promise to lead me Now stick close the idea of coming to the ball game without your glasses, you know, you can't see a darn thing Don't worry. I can see all right as a matter of fact. Whoops. Oh, oh pardon me, madam. That's all right, bud I mean sir So proud of here. I can't tell a man from a woman.  Yeah, where are you? Where is he? Where are you? Just follow the garlic. Oh Oh, yes. Yeah, give me two hot dogs, buddy. You want the regular or the king size The regular will be all right. Yes, sir. Here you are. Thanks. This hot dog sure smells good. You said it Oh, pardon me, mr. But you're putting the mustard on my thumb Oh, oh, I'm sorry. It just so happens that What what what's that? What happened mary? Where who what what what happened?  I hope we haven't missed much. Where are our seats right down here by the first baseline Oh, nice and close. Hey, hello, mary. Hi, jackson. What's cooking? Who's that mary?  Hello phil. What a game. What a game. Yes, sir. Who are you betting on phil? Cincinnati jackson.  Where who what what look at what where say something There's a great big guy sitting in our seats. Oh, there is a well straighten him out I'm sorry, mr. But you're sitting in my seat. So what? Here's what look bud.  Well, let's see you do it Now listen pal.  Oh Well blue is blue till my glasses get here Move over a little mary. I'll sit on half of your seat. Okay What's that what what what happened mary? What boo boo boo? What what happened? What's going on? They call the third strike on camille and the Yankees are coming up to bat. Oh, where do you get boy? She's tough. Oh, Adam.  We was once engaged Oh, oh, it's poison. Oh, I mean it's personal Oh boy, what a game Who what what what are they cheering? What's going on mary? What? DiMaggio is coming up to bat. Oh boy. Now. There's a guy that can really hit Hooray for DiMaggio Madam watch that right Gee, there's a fan for you. Huh? Yeah, the Dodgers sure are popular You said it say that gives me an idea mary I just thought of a terrific gag for our program next sunday. What is it? Well, you say to don wilson jack goes with a girl in brooklyn because he can't dodge her this same here No, no, no. Look a Dodger Dodger. Don't you get it? It's a topical gag and the sponsor will love it.  It's terrific I ain't laughing When I want your opinion officer, I'll ask for it. You see mary when don says to you What what what's that? What happened mary? mary? What happened? What what? DiMaggio hit a fly. Oh, it's a foul ball and it's coming this way. It is. Oh, yeah Stand back everybody. I got it. Well, he got it. Throw some water on it. What happened? Who who where where where am I see don? That's exactly what happened when jack went to the ball game yesterday without his glasses Well, I bet you're glad you got him out jack. You'll enjoy the game today. Oh for heaven's sake. Are you going to believe mary? Look don. Here's what really happened when medwig hit that foul ball. That was DiMaggio. All right, DiMaggio When DiMaggio hit that foul ball, I saw it coming my way. I stood up and caught it with one hand You know down when I was a kid I used to play shortstop with a war king and wildcat Why we used to be the best teams in the league canosha race team zine city highland park why there was nothing to it Luscious red cherries rich crimson cherry jello Cherries and cherry jello put them together and you have one of the most dazzling and delicious desserts that ever brighten the table Next week's jack Benny special now being featured by your grocer All you need to make this grand red cherry mold is one package of jello imitation Cherry flavor and one can of red cherry And next week at most grocers you can buy them both as a combination and when you get them home Just dissolve the cherry jello and hot water as you usually do Next chill your jello until it's slightly thickened fold in two cups of canned red cherries Then mold and place in the refrigerator and confirm And serve it with a garnishing of orange sections and mint It's an easy recipe to remember just cherry jello and canned cherries And it makes up one of the most enticing desserts you ever tasted So get a can of cherries and a package of cherry jello tomorrow sure A special combination at most grocers next week. Remember jello's new process of locked-in flavor gives all the flavor always This is the last number of the first program in the new jello series And we will be with you again next sunday night again broadcasting from new york city Oh, mr. Mortimer. Did you like the program? mr. Mortimer Mr. Mortimer. Oh, don't wake him up jack. Oh, that's right. Good night, jony. Good night folks. Sleep tight, mr. Mortimer Remember folks when you order jello tomorrow be sure to order several packages of jello puddings There's jello chocolate pudding and the more luscious creamy dessert you just couldn't imagine It has a smooth mellow flavor developed exclusively for jello chocolate pudding by the famous walter baker chocolate people And that makes every spoonful of this grand dessert a real delight If you ever thought it was impossible to make a pudding the way grandmother could well just try jello chocolate pudding It has all the rich tantalizing goodness of a pudding that's homemade yet. It's so much easier and inexpensive So when you ask your grocer for jello ask for jello puddings in all three flavors chocolate vanilla and butterscotch Honestly jello puddings are just like grandmas only more. So this is the national broadcasting company kfi los angeles


assistant professor, department of electronic engineering, WD Solopor. In this video lecture, we are going to discuss about the page replacement algorithm FIFO that is first in and first out. At the end of this video, you will be able to describe the need of the page replacement. You are able to describe the working principle of FIFO algorithm and you are able to make comments on the performance of FIFO algorithm. Let us see some important terms regarding the paging and the page replacements here. What is paging? Now paging is a memory management scheme by which a computer stores and retrieves data from secondary storage for use in the main memory. Because we know here always the CPU expects the required page into the main memory. So we are going to transfer the page from the secondary memory back in the main memory. Now in the need of paging, naturally whenever the CPU is executing some process here and suppose we do not find any required page into the main memory, then the operating system signals a page fault and it indicates that there is no required page is available into the main memory. And hence we are going to transfer the required page from the secondary memory back into the main memory. So in this case we require the paging to get the required data or a page into the main memory. Now hence there are some terms are coming frequently one is called the swapping in. Suppose we get some page fault that is we need to transfer a page from secondary memory back into the main memory. So this process of transferring a page from secondary memory to the main memory is called as a swapping in. Also this one more term is coming here is called the swapping out. Suppose if we get a page fault and suppose there is no empty space is available in the main memory. So in this case we are not able to transfer any page from the secondary memory back in the main memory. So that we have to create some space in the main memory. That is we are going to take away some page from main memory and so that we are going to create some space in the main memory. So taking out a page from main memory is normally called as a swap out. Now we also come across a term called as a page sheet. Whenever the required page is found in the main memory it is said that there is a page sheet is occurred. That is the CPU is going to execute all the process with the help of data on the main memory. Page fault is one more term. So whenever data is not available on the main memory it is said that a page fault is occurred. Now in this case we need to create the page transfer from the secondary memory back into the main memory. Now that one parameter or maybe two parameters here they will denote the performance of this algorithm. It is normally called as a page hit ratio. This ratio is a ratio of the total number of page hits we encounter to some of the total page faults and the total page hits during the memory access. Similarly we also can find out one more ratio can be called as the page fault ratio. Now these two are the performance measurement parameter for this page replacement algorithms. Let us see as I said here suppose we do not have any space on the main memory to store a required page coming from the secondary memory on the memory. So in that case we need to go for some page replacement strategy. The number of possible ways are available here. The one of the ways is taken to be the first in and the first out policy. So it is taken as the FIFO page replacement algorithm. So it works on this following basis here or the points I can say. If the page required by the process is not available on the main memory then we are going to have some sort of alarm signal called as the page fault here. So that we are going to so in this case the CPU is going to hold instruction which is creating the page fault here and the control is transferred to the next process here. So that we are going to make a space for the new incoming page from the secondary memory. Now suppose there is no space is available in the main memory. So where to store the new incoming page from the secondary memory. Now in the first in first out policy we are going to store the new incoming page from the secondary memory in that slot in which we are holding the oldest page in the main memory. That is the page which was brought initially in the main memory was deleted and in that space we are going to accommodate the new incoming page from the secondary memory. Now in that after that transferring this new page in the secondary memory so in the main memory we are going to update the page table and we are going to restart the execution of the halted instruction. Now in this case let us understand the working of FIFO algorithm. Let us take my example. Now in this case we have got example as we are having some page references are given here. It means that the process under execution require these pages in the given sequence to execute the program which is under execution here. So in the example we say that there are 4 page frames are available in the system. That is the CPU is allocating only 4 pages or the 4 frames in the main memory. So we have to manage this memory here so that we can execute this entire process properly in the given sequence. Friends this diagram shows you a small table. On the top I am writing here the page references as mentioned in the example. The example also mentions the page frames are available having only 4 as a number here. At the bottom I am writing some message such as the page hit or the page fault here. Pages stand for H and we denote page fault by a letter F here. Now when we start this execution initially all the frames in the main memory are empty. So that we are going to transfer the required pages in those empty slots here. Let us see suppose example my process starts to execute here. So initially I require a page 0. As we know initially all the frames are empty. So obviously I will not get data in the main memory here. So I am going to create a page fault here. At this point we need to go for the demand paging that is we are going to transfer the page 0 which is maybe from the secondary memory into the main memory here. So after that I am going to transfer this page 0 in the empty frame which is in the main memory. Secondly the process is not tried to execute the second phase. So he require now second page to be accessed here from the main memory. But we know here this page is not available. So again I am going to create a page fault and again we are going to transfer this page number 2 into the empty slot in the main memory here. So our memory already holding this page 0 in the previous transfer and I am going to transfer the second page now into the second frame slot in the main memory here. Now again process require the third frame as 1 or the third page as 1 which is again not available. So we are going to create a page fault here and again we are going to transfer this page number 1 into the empty slot in the main memory here. So again we are going to have this kind of allocation as shown in the figure. Means I am going to transfer the page number 1 in the third slot in the third column. Similarly after that we require frame number 6 or the page number 6 which is not available in the main memory. So again we are getting this page fault here. So again we are going to transfer this page number 6 into the empty slot in the main memory. Now friends in the next phase of execution I require the page number 4 and here we don't have page number 4 in the memory so that we had to make some demand paging. So I need to transfer the page number 4 into the main memory but already the memory is filled by all the possible frames in the previous cycle of execution here. So we had to create a new empty space. Now here the FIFO algorithm says that you are going to make the empty slot by deleting the oldest frame that we brought in the FIFO here that is sorry in the frame or main memory I can see here. So here we have brought the page number 4 in that slot here. So I am going to transfer the new page here from the secondary memory into the main memory at the place of the zero frame. So friends I am going to have this transfer is shown like this here and I am going to keep all these other frames as same as this one. Similarly when I go for the next phase of execution here I require the zero page here which is again not in the given main memory here. So again we are going to create a frame page fault here that is now shown by this FIFO. Now I am going to make the empty space at the frame number 2 which was oldest now at the current instant. So I am going to transfer this page zero at the second slot and I am going to keep all remaining frames as it is here. Now in this case the next I require the page number 1. Friends currently my main memory is containing page number 1 already in the main memory. So we do not require any kind of page transfer here. So I am going to keep these distribution as same as this one here it is normally called as a page sheet. So we denote this by h later here and we are going to have the same distribution of the frames in the main memory. Similarly the next I require zero frame here so again we get a page sheet. So again the memory is remaining very much same in this one. So in this way we are going to have this page transferred from the secondary memory back into the main memory here. Friends we just carry on the same iteration for the next. So again we create the page fault here. Now we are going to create a space for the page number 3 in the given column as shown in the figure and we are going to keep this remaining frames as it is here. And this process is remain here in the system until we are going to switch all the required pages into the main memory. So friends this entire chart shows you the required process to bring the required pages from secondary memory back in the main memory using this principle called as a FIFO. And in this case you see that we are occurring total number of page faults equal to 9 and we are having 3 page hits in the entire process. As I said here this ratio is called as a page heat ratio is a ratio of the total number of page hits upon sum of total page hits and the total page faults here. So this ratio is comes to be 0.25 you also can express this term in terms of the page fault ratio it comes to be 0.75. Friends in the FIFO we have got some issues to be addressed here. Now in a year normally the most useful page is kept in the memory for longer time isn't it and we know in the FIFO principle we always replace the oldest frame in the given system to create a space for new frame for the process execution here. So in this case it is seen that the FIFO doesn't consider the page usage at all here means it is possible that the most required page had to be deleted by the FIFO principle so as to make a space for the new incoming frame. So friend this is the principle called as a FIFO I hope we understand the working of FIFO the issues of FIFO you also understand the example we carried in this slide show here and these are my references and thank you thank you friends thank you very much.


In this video we want to solve the trigonometric equation sine theta minus cosine theta equals one. We want to do this on the domain zero to two pi. So clearly we want to solve the problem for radians here. Now how are we going to go about doing this? The we're going to have to use some identities but the identity we're going to use isn't not obvious at the beginning of the problem here because you'll notice that the angles are just theta in play here. So since it's just theta no angle sum, angle difference, half angle, double angle, those identities don't seem to make any sense here. You might try to do like a could I do like a sum to product or difference to product type identity but those really only work when you have a sine and a sine and a cosine and a cosine since we have a mismatch here. What do you do here? Well the key is we want to use the Pythagorean identity but it's not obvious how we use the Pythagorean identity yet. So that's our going to be our first approach on this problem. How do we solve this using the Pythagorean identity? So the first thing we're going to do is we want to isolate one of the trigonometric functions because what I want you to think of here is that sine and cosine, sine and cosine these things kind of act like square roots, right? They kind of act like the square root of something because after all by the Pythagorean relationship if you solve for sine you end up with the square root of one minus cosine squared. If you solve for cosine you end up with the square root of one minus sine squared. So they kind of behave like square roots and this we see this a lot like sine theta can equal root two over two it can equal root three over two just as some examples right for specific angles. So because of this reason we we can kind of pretend like trigonometric functions sine and cosine are like square roots. So if you have the equation the square root of x minus the square root of x plus one and this is equal to one the strategy you would employ would to be isolate one of the radicals like so and then you square both sides foil in and out you get an x on the left hand side notice how the square root disappeared on the right hand side you do have to foil it out you end up with one plus two times the square root of x plus one and then you end up with an x plus one you can combine some like terms notice how the x's cancel from both sides and so you end up with something like negative two is equal to is equal to two times the square root of x plus one and you can keep on going from there that's the idea here we want to separate the trig function square things foil things out of necessary and then go from there you'll notice that this equation actually has no solution because it's negative equal to positive but that's beside the points the technique that matters here we want to think about this in terms of sine and cosine if we pretend those are square roots then we would isolate one of the radicals on the left and then you're going to have one plus cosine on the other side so the way to solve these radical equations in algebra is the same way you do it in government right if you have a bunch of radicals the idea is to isolate the radicals and take them out secretly but when they're by themselves uh so we we get signed by itself we're going to square the left hand side we have to do the same thing to the right hand side what's good for the goose is good for the gander now on the left hand side of course we just have a sine squared theta on the right hand side we do have to foil things out so we end up with one plus we're going to get two cosine theta plus cosine squared theta like so and so now we want to try to combine like terms in some regard like how in the world are we going to do that well this is the point of squaring things and this is where the pythagorean equation comes into play notice we have a cosine theta right here and we have a cosine squared but we have the sine squared here if we could combine sine squared and cosine together sine squared and cosine squared sine squared plus cosine squared would be one if we could do that that'd be great but there's no opposite sides of the equation if we try to move one to the other side we're going to get a minus and that's that's that's the double angle identity it's not the pythagorean identity so instead what we're going to do is just starting with our pythagorean identity cosine squared plus sine squared equals one notice if you solve for sine squared you end up with one minus cosine squared theta for which you're going to substitute that in for sine squared in which case it's the sine square is now gone and it's just a cosine so we end up with one minus cosine squared theta is equal to one plus two cosine two cosine plus cosine squared theta and so now we're going to combine like terms set the left hand side equal to zero minus one minus one so those are actually going to cancel we're going to add cosine squared theta to both sides add cosine squared theta and so we end up with on the left hand side i'm going to swap to the side so we're going to have two cosine squared theta we're going to have two cosine theta this equals zero the constant term disappears that makes factoring a lot easier on the left hand side let's recognize the common the greatest common divisor between them we can take out the factor of two we can also take out a cosine and so we take out two cosine theta that leaves behind a cosine theta plus one equal to zero so we set each of these factors equal to zero and go from there what happens if two cosine theta equals zero well if two cosine theta equals zero divide by two you get cosine theta cosine theta theta equals zero well the theme of the unit circle one is the x coordinate zero we're willing on the y-axis that'll happen at the top of the unit circle pi halves and happens at the bottom three pi halves we're solving this one in radians of course what about the other one then cosine theta plus one well if cosine theta plus one equals zero we get that cosine theta is equal to negative one so when is the x coordinate on the unit circle equal to negative one when you're on the far left of the unit circle that happens at the angle pi so theta equals pi in that situation so putting our solutions together we get that theta could equal pi halves comma pi comma three pi halves like so and so we were to solve this equation remember we were trying to solve the equation sine theta minus cosine theta equals one on one rotation of this unit circle from zero to two pi and how did we do this well the idea is we treated the trigonometric function sine and cosine like they were radicals we squared things now with regular radicals square roots the square would make them go away for the trigonometric functions we have to utilize the Pythagorean identity to get rid of them and so we have to utilize the Pythagorean identity to simplify this and make it into a quadratic equation but in order to do that we had to square things to create it but this this causes a potential problem for us here going back to the idea of solving a radical equation if you have an equation like the following say x equals one if you square both sides you get x squared equals one squared which equals well x squared equals one right but there's actually two solutions to this equation right this this equation right here has the solution x equals one and negative one but the original equation just had just had an x equals one there so when you square both sides of an equation the thing is you could introduce solutions that are actually not authentic solutions i like to think of these as party crashers uh party crashers meaning that someone was invited to the party and some was not who has an invitation right we have to investigate this this is honestly good practice to do on any equation check your solution but when it comes to equations involving squaring both sides you have these potential party crashers it's essential that we check these so let's try these solutions pi halves pi three pi halves to see who's the right one or who's not right so if we were to try pi halves try that one for a second uh theta equals pi halves so we're going to take sine of pi halves minus cosine of pi halves like so sine of pi halves that's equal to one cosine of pi halves is zero that equals one which is the right hand side so pi halves checks out pi halves has an invitation um what about pi theta equals pi well if they equals pi you're going to take sine of pi you're going to get minus cosine of pi sine of pi is zero cosine of pi is negative one so you get a double negative which is one that checked out too just because one works out doesn't mean one doesn't or anything like that so you we do need to check all of these ones what about three pi halves here well if you take sine of three pi halves minus cosine of three pi halves in that situation we'll sine of three pi halves that's going to be a negative one cosine of three pi halves is zero so you get a negative one that does not equal one so aha three pi halves is a party crasher three pi halves has to go to party jail um for for intrusion right now so we have to remove three pi halves this is a very common mistake that students often see is that they did everything right to get pi halves pi and three pi halves but if you don't check your solution you won't see why three pi halves didn't work right you have to check your solution whenever you square both sides and that's what makes this problem a lot more advanced is that when you square both sides it introduces these potentially incorrect solutions um so we have to check our answers when we're done again that's good practice for every equation you try to solve but it's critical for this one right here so it turns out the actual solutions are theta equals pi halves and pi three pi halves needs to be removed


Yeah, I have no voice. I can't record anything. So, no acting analysis, no FNA, no nothing. So, I would say see you next week. I have no voice. Yeah, there's no way I can do anything. Alright, see you next week.


Good morning, everyone. Again, welcome to Miami, and I'm just delighted to introduce Charlie Sennett from Ground Truth, Report for America. Is this mic on? Okay, Report for America is a project of Ground Truth, and to my left is Liza Gross from the Solutions Journalism Network, which has done an extraordinary job. Over how many years, Liza? Three now? Yes, yes, yes. Really bringing journalists and members of communities together to not just report and discuss problems, but solutions, and how to use journalism, a rigorous fact-based journalism to report on ways and opportunities to address problems. So first, Charlie, I'd like to turn it over to you and tell us about Report for America just a few days ago shared, you shared with us that you and Steve, that 250 journalists will be deployed to 164 news organizations across the country. So tell us a little bit about how Report for America got started and why it's important right now. Sure. Thanks. I mean, the success we've had this year, really a breakthrough year for us with 250 reporters in 164 newsrooms, never would have happened without night and without the support. So thank you. Not just the support, very tangible support, but the real challenge to us to get our model right, to really think about systemic change and to think how we're going to do this. So thank you. It's really exciting to be here. Thank you, everyone, for coming very briefly. So I am the CEO and the founder of the Ground Truth Project. We've been around for eight years. We support the next generation of journalists to tell stories that are under covered in under covered communities around the world. In 2016, we just added a comma and we said, including the United States. And we decided to do that because we decided in our, like the fourth sentence of our mission statement was, we really try to explore stories in divided societies and struggling democracies. We realized in 2016, we live in one. So why are we looking at stories in, you know, around the world? Really important stories that we were proud to tell in Egypt, Myanmar, Philippines. We did a lot of good work there. We're very proud of it. We continue to do that work. But there is no more important story than this one right here in the United States. I started in local news. We started in local news together. It was just about that long ago, actually, right? And I really think of all of the international reporting I've done began as local reporting. And I really mean that. I was a police reporter in New York City, loud bang in Lower Manhattan in 1993. The First World Trade Center bombing led me as a police reporter to start to cover the Middle East and what was nascent al-Qaida. I think the best journey to all reporting begins locally. Really deeply believe in that. So that's the origin story of how the Ground Truth Project came to launch Report for America. Report for America now is a program. As we've said, we've got 250 reporters out there this year. We have a big training in June where we're bringing these 200 new reporters on, which will bring us up to 250. The way we work is we have two big selection processes. We start off saying to newsrooms, share with us as a local newsroom where there is a place in your community that is not being served. That could be a geographic beat. It could be a beat like health or the environment or schools. Where is there a place that you need to do a better job as a newsroom serving your community? Where is there a news desert? And then what is your plan to address that? And what kind of mentoring and support would you bring to an early career journalist if we paid for that journalist to come into your newsroom? How would you really support them and make sure they do great work that serves the community? Report for America in its essence is a call to service for a new generation of journalists to understand that serving communities as a local reporter is really important and even downright patriotic. I think as Alberto has said, this crisis right now in journalism has become a crisis for democracy. So I really find myself doing things I never would have done 10, 15, 20 years ago as a journalist in terms of feeling a genuine pull to the sense of patriotism that's inside of journalism. All of us get so uncomfortable with that phrase and for good reason. But now is the time to really do a shout out to the next generation and to communities that we need your support if we're going to serve your communities. So that's the idea. We choose the newsrooms. Very selective process. We've chosen these 164 newsrooms and right now our national director, Kim Kleeman and our president, Steve Waldman are here and they're disappearing all the time because they're judging the 2,000 applications for the 200 reporters. So really competitive process. We have about 70 judges. We very carefully select the reporters. We put them in the host newsroom where we pay 50% of their salary and where we ask the news organization to do 25%. And then we help the news organization work with the local community to raise the additional 25%.  So we're trying to really unlock the local funding and combine it with the national funding we were lucky enough to get from Knight and many others. Thank you. And one of the really great opportunities that Report for America provides for place-based funders and for community foundations is a tremendous partnership to begin tapping that local philanthropic support. Because at the end of the day the sustainability model for local journalism needs to be rooted in local communities. And at Knight Foundation we have a great opportunity to kickstart to be a catalyst, but the reason why we're so excited to have 650 people registered for this conference is because the future of local journalism it really needs to be rooted in local support. But before it can be rooted in local support it has to do a couple of things. A, it has to be trusted. And B, it has to be strong, really, really strong. So Liza, tell us how the Solutions Journalism Network is helping make journalism strong, making the reporting strong, but also helping journalists do a better job connecting with their communities. I certainly will say that. But before that I have to echo Charlie. A lot of the work we do would not have been possible without the support of the Knight Foundation. And beyond the financial support which is of course always greatly appreciated, no margin, no mission, it's the other support that you especially provide. The conversations about ideas, about challenging yourself, about iterating, about what is possible, about connecting. So thank you, thank you. It's been a wonderful ride for three years and I look forward to many more years to come. So the Solutions Journalism Network, and I want to clarify, the Solutions Journalism Network has been around for six years. Our work with collaboratives has been ongoing for about three years plus. Very simply our organization wants to promote the idea of Solutions Journalism which consists on reporting with equal rigor on the good things that a community is doing in addition to reporting about the problems. What are the responses that address challenges in a community that are having a track record of success? It is not happy journalism, it's useful journalism because when reporting on these responses we also report on their limitations. An initiative may be very effective in aiding let's say Hispanic community but not so effective in aiding the Vietnamese community and that is a very important aspect of Solutions Journalism. We started doing it individually with news organizations we would partner and in fact we have now a network of over 200 plus news organizations that have partnered or are partnering with us and we've also partnered overseas. In the United States 200 plus as I said. But a couple of years ago I also started understanding the value of creating collaboratives of news organizations that would come together to focus with a Solutions lens on a challenge particular to their community. It is unrealistic to think now with the complexity you know our demographic complexities and some especially in larger cities in America to believe that only one news organization can comprehensively capture the nuances of a challenge for that community and also we know and I was for many years the publisher at Exito which was the Spanish language newspaper of the Chicago Tribune and I know from experience how large swaths of communities are underserved by certain sectors of the media and not only underserved but they feel actively attacked, stereotyped not just neutral coverage but coverage that really is negative and stereotypical. And so how do you get away from that prevailing narrative that is not productive that it doesn't really reflect like Charlie says what is going on in a community and so the combination of creating collaboratives in a given community to focus for a decent period of time with a Solutions lens on a challenge of importance to that community this is the concept of the local media project. I have a one-pager frequently asked questions I placed it over there if you want to get more details but we started the big our big boost our big project and thanks to Jennifer we were able to really bring it to the level we wanted was in Philadelphia and it was the reentry project 15 news organizations in Philadelphia came together to report on issues of reentry and recidivism at a time when Philadelphia was redoing or reviewing its entire criminal justice system and this was the aspect of the criminal justice system that the 15 news organizations decided to focus on. For a year and a half they reported on this they produced 200 pieces they did numerous audience engagement activities at every level they involved community leaders they involved the business sector they involved the tech the techie sector in a hackathon to design apps that would help folks undergoing reentry and at the end of two years they literally changed the conversation around reentry for Philadelphia and what's more important also it changed the view of the journalist the journalists were transformed and they saw a different way of doing their work it didn't always have to be oppositional it didn't always have to be ripping the veil it didn't always have to be pointing the finger at the officials and saying you're doing a terrible job and leaving it there it just created a very productive open loop to discuss this challenge that Philadelphia faced now that collaborative has 24 members in it including also known news organizations like Temple University another you know civic actor and they are focusing on poverty on the coverage of poverty in Philadelphia different aspects of poverty ranging from access to health services to housing to educational opportunities they've been doing that now for a year and a half they are raising their own funding and they have constituted themselves into a non-profit now this doesn't cannibalize the work of the individual work of those news organizations because they have plenty of things to cover but the collaborative comes together to shine an extra strong spotlight on one topic at a time and make sure you change the conversation around that topic yeah that was an extraordinary extraordinary how this one grant again for funders it's we made an investment in a one-year project to see how journalists might collaborate together and since I used to work at the Philadelphia Daily News and my husband worked at the Philadelphia Enquirer and people at our wedding would not talk to each other because there was so much competition between and among journalists in Philadelphia I must say I initially had my doubts really journalists in Philadelphia are going to collaborate and coordinate on a story but it happened and as Liza said out of that has come ongoing work and has come a new organization called Resolve which is is leading that work and because of the success that we saw there on how the Solutions Journalism Network changed culture as well as provided new practices we made a five million dollar five-year investment to take this collaborative approach across the country and with report for America one of the things that I know Charlie we discussed early on because one of the concerns obvious concerns is what does it mean when a journalist is just arrives in a community how how can and how might report for America help ensure that that a journalist is prepared and also that a journalist doesn't do harm you know by not understanding a community and not being of the community and one of the one of the reasons why I was assured that you really truly understood that concern is because of your extraordinary reporting overseas and just the sensitivity and and just great just just great way that you worked as a correspondent abroad so tell us a little bit about how you prepare these young journalists and and how you work with communities thanks Jennifer before I say I answer that question there was a time before you held these amazing tribal gatherings where we all come together where I loved our time working together as reporters on the streets of New York City and you and City Hall and and just the feeling of camaraderie then is something that I still sort of yearn for I feel sad for a generation of journalists that doesn't have the sense that we were lucky enough to have where we competed like hell I mean we're out to beat each other every day but we had fun we supported each other and it didn't really matter also come on we can tell them we were Red Sox fans yeah we did have that we didn't secretly wear Red Sox hats on weekends I'm from Allington Massachusetts I heard Charlie speak and it was just don't you hate the Yankees so so we had that and we had Red Sox Nation and we had this this this real I don't know just this beautiful spirit of collegiality in New York where you really were out to win but we work together to there was definitely support for each other in the field I think I've tried to bring that into every corner of my career whether that was being in Baghdad or in Afghanistan or being in New York or being in Boston covering local I for me it's seamless local and global is a seamless approach to reporting you have to be respectful of the community you're in you have to be respectful of the country you're in you have to learn it you have to be careful to have in those communities to really deepen the partnerships that you can form and the bonds you can form with your colleagues so at Report for America we're very attentive to this couple things we're trying to do one we have an amazing recruitment team we've really tried to pay attention to how we recruit and we're really proud that the the core the 250 core members can reflect not only the communities they serve but the country we live in so two thirds are going to represent our reporters of color this is going to be critical to our success if we're going to really help transform newsrooms that we can be an agent for change in that way and have real opportunity for people who really are part of the communities that they are going to serve I would say approximately one-third of the reporters are from the communities the regions the states maybe where they're serving and about two-thirds aren't so there's a real opportunity for people not from Appalachia to learn about Appalachia for people not from Mississippi to come to Mississippi and do great reporting and work alongside people from Mississippi one of my favorite examples of this is Mississippi today where we have two reporters one is Eric Shelton who is from Jackson Mississippi who had been a journeyman photographer who couldn't get home and he used Report for America as a way to get a job back in his home he works alongside Michelle Lu who's from California went to college at Yale sort of like really beautifully educated super smart but really I don't think she'd ever even been to Mississippi except to drive through and she has done some of the most amazing reporting and you've probably heard about it she uncovered the spike in prison deaths inside of Mississippi state prisons which is now and as she is really adamant about pointing out along with other great reporting by other reporters in the community has triggered a department of justice investigation into the way inmates are treated in Mississippi's prisons the photographs for the big series she did in partnership with Marshall project were by Eric so the two of them are working together to me that's the perfect world that's not unlike some of the successful models for foreign reporting where you have to work with local colleagues and really get to know them and you become a team of the way they've worked together we want to we're sort of inspired to try to replicate that where we can we really think that there's a chance here also to rely on a mentoring network which we've established if any of you here are journalists who are you know on that that outer edge of taking the buy out or you've moved on or something we want mentors we want people who can come and work with our emerging journalists we also ask the newsrooms to provide a local mentor almost like someone to welcome this reporter into the newsroom look out for them help them navigate their way and we insist that they have good editing and we're truth here we're seeing this as a crisis we didn't expect they're not getting enough editing so now we're like realizing oh my god okay we knew there was the crisis of the reporters now there's the crisis of the editing along with the cuts the dramatic cuts of reporting staff have come dramatic cuts of editors take for example Charleston Gazette Mail I don't know how many of you are following this on Twitter wonderful partner of ours our first ever report for America newspaper we put an amazing reporter there they've had great success so we decided to quadruple down and give them four reporters this year under the leadership of Ken Ward who is a MacArthur genius and the editing of Greg Moore who was one of the editors who led the paper to a Pulitzer for their opioid coverage in the last five days Greg Moore has been let go and now Ken Ward has quit in protest of Greg Moore being let go that's a Pulitzer prize winning editor and a MacArthur genius in a newspaper in West Virginia that needs their leadership they're vowing to continue the motto of the newspaper which I love which is called sustained outrage and all the Twitter feeds are we know that Ken and Greg will continue to sustain outrage but they're going to probably do it someplace else now or find something they can partner with so they're going to learn that partnerships are critical something we've learned and I'm telling you honestly I'm hearing Liza talk about what Solutions Journalism Network does and I really want to share we've grown up together and these two organizations are parallel we started at about the same time we're about the same size there is really truly no better partner we have than Solutions Journalism Network I came in a kind of grumpy old school journalist and I I wasn't rude I didn't roll my eyes at Solutions but I definitely was I was not a true believer in Solutions Journalism until we did it and when we did it when we really realized how transformative it is to think about reporting not only on the problems and revealing them but report just as hard on the solutions failed solutions and successful solutions so we've tried to make it a systemic part of what we do and to really think about how we can train every single report for America core member to go into their newsroom prepared respectful and thinking about the solutions to the problems they'll be highlighting as journalists doing their job on the streets so partnership is key we were talking this morning over coffee about this journey we've had together where we've done all kinds of different I don't know we've been just totally experimenting together and having fun which reminds me of my old days with you Jennifer on the street and it's like I don't want a new generation of journalists or I don't want those of you who support community journalism or who are community journalists to forget we're not only in this to really you know be of service but it is also a wonderful adventure and I want to kind of get back to that I think there's some nourishment of the soul that needs to go on in local journalism again and with with solutions I feel like you know I'm getting very good catechism on that solutions of the sort of nourishing of the soul well and that's the culture change that has to happen for journalism to rebuild trust in communities and to serve


Hello, I am Dr. Vasan, I am a Euro-andrologist practicing at Manipal Hospital's Bangalore. Now when you say blood pressure, blood pressure can be a simple elevation of your systolic and diastolic pressures or it could be a significant elevation. Now do all men with hypertension ask are we our blood pressure as we call it do they develop erectile dysfunction? No. The reason being that there are some men who have significant elevation and when this elevation of blood pressure happens there is what is called as renin angiotensin mechanism in the kidney and that is a complex interplay of neurochemical mechanisms which cause blood vessels to relax and also contract. So in essentially why do we develop blood pressure because our vessels become stiff the terminal arterioles and the capillaries become stiff and capillaries are the primary end organs which cause the whole blood flow to come into the tissue.  It is like your finger pulp of your finger. If you press and release you will see blood gushing into the pulp.  So because of these facts the men with hypertension some of them are more prone for erectile dysfunction and this generally happens when you are on two drug regime not a single drug regime that means your hypertension can be controlled with a single drug some men require two drugs and some men require three drugs. So those men with two and three drugs have a higher risk of erectile dysfunction than those with single drug.


Thanks for having me, and apologies for not being able to join this morning. It was a great conversation, so I will insert myself into this conversation completely without any information other than the gossip I got over lunch, but hopefully I can bring some useful information and perspective to the conversation. So some of you may know I've been working for a number of years on something called the defensive patent license, and this is a license which came kind of from a different sector of access and knowledge similar to universities, which was the library community. And specifically, if any of you know Brewster Kale in the Internet Archive, he, working with a number of technologists and librarians, were thinking as we invent new things that could be patentable, what should we do with them, right? And he had kind of come from an open source perspective, a kind of open access perspective obviously from his work in the archive, and he's like, so what do we do? Do we just dedicate it to the bulk domain? You can't put a credit of commons license on a patent. Like what do we do? How do we do it? So the details of the license, obviously I could show and talk about it in some other context for a long time, but I want to give you the general gist of it, which is that he said, well, people talk about defensive patenting, but that sounds like bullshit to me.  And so he's like, so can you legally commit people to being actually defensive? Like in this, you won't ever assert patents unless someone else asserts it against you or people you care about in some sense around that. And has anyone ever done that? And we were sort of shocked because we looked around at the time and realized that no one had actually kind of written a license just to do that, like only that. That was the whole idea is just commit you in some sense to, if you get a patent, can you do this one thing with it and only this one thing with it? And what was great about it is, like many of these conversations, it was a conversation that other people were having at the same time. And so if any of you have been following the Twitter, IPA employment agreement, I think it's called the Innovator's Patent Agreement, it's a kind of employment agreement that allows Twitter employees to have some say in how the patents that are mentors on are used. The Open Invention Network, the Mozilla now, like a bunch of different people have been sort of talking about these ideas or lots of them out there. And but the notion is that this only works if you have a community that cares, a community that has some ideals, some principles which they share, so that the collective action kind of concerns aren't something left to the end of the process, but actually part of the beginning, right? And this is where all open source and kind of open pre-culture kind of approaches start, which is we all agree that we should try to do a certain kind of sharing or a certain kind of collective endeavor. So the basics of the license in the end are that you can get all the patents you want, you can do anything you want with it to the world outside of this network, and the network is composed of people who all agree that they'll be defensive as to everyone else in the network, right? And so the idea being that you issue licenses relatively free to everyone else who makes the same reciprocal agreement, could be individuals, could be universities, could be companies, could be anyone. And that if someone inside the network of all these different sort of spiderweb licenses offensively sues, the person who's suing, the sort of aggressive person or entity, their licenses can be pulled, but everyone else gets to keep theirs, right?   For anyone outside the network, it's fair game. You can be as offensive as you want, which of course creates incentives to join the network because if you do, then you won't get sued. And there are lots of details about leaving and if you leave, we sort of put in a license that your license converts from royalty fee to free to a fran license for reasonable royalty, lots of details, things like that. But the, the sense was that you could give some certainty, some space to people of like mine who don't actually want to offensively sue each other. And it kind of has a couple of benefits as we walked and talked through it that we hadn't realized in the beginning.  So you kind of know that there's certain people where you're building trust and you're sharing knowledge. You can share knowledge freely knowing that they're not running out and secretly patenting it and trying to undermine you. Because if they did, you just get a free license to it anyway. And there's a lot of kind of collective identity that could come from this. But the other things were that when people started talking more and more and more about patent assertion entities and patent trolls and these kind of things, one of the biggest concerns in the open source community was that, well, we did it first. But why did they get a patent, right? And how does the patent office gonna understand that we did it first? Because it's buried deep in a code repository or on a mailing list or something else like that. And that feels very difficult to get in front of a patent examiner. And usually we don't find out until the patent issues because most open source people don't follow the publication schedule in the federal register. So the other idea is, well, you could preempt all that by patenting it. You could actually patent it. But if you did it under a license that promised to only use it defensively, that would be a compromised position, right? Which would again allow you to assert offensively against every single other entity in the world who didn't make a reciprocal commitment. But for all the people in your community, whether that be an open source community or perhaps a university community or some other kind of community that you form where you make this agreement, this reciprocal agreement, you would all get to the patent office first. And especially under first of file now. And that means that every other second comer would have you as prior art. And would have to think about whether they wanted to fight that fight, right? Whether it's worth trying to get a patent on top of what you'd already submitted and how much more extra leverage they could get, given that your patent is pretty much free to the world if anyone makes a reciprocal agreement not to sue offensively, right? So the kind of business strategy of kind of how are we gonna make our money and should we be patenting this really could kind of have these kind of waves across other industries even if they're not part of the DPL network as we call it. The other piece of this is directly affecting patent acquisition entities who then go on to assert or sort of marketplaces. In the sense that these, we did design these licenses to survive, transfer bankruptcy, et cetera, et cetera, et cetera. So this is something else that I think universities have done some good work on and I've been encouraged by their thinking around it. But even if we believe that universities are good actors, which I think we have to, I hope that's been sort of the premise of today, is that there's this idea of what are the collective costs and how do we assess these collective costs to universities, right? For what we want universities to be doing both on the super technical side but also on the basic research side, right? And if the cost of licensing from outside patent entities, whether they be trolls or whatever, is too high by kind of having an approach to patents that makes it freely available, royalty free within a community that all comes to a kind of collective understanding of that we're doing this for defensive purposes to protect ourselves, the access to the knowledge and the technology become a lot cheaper, right? So anyway, so that's the basic idea. Happy to talk more, but I just wanted to say like when we were developing this license and it was, like I said, a conversation with many other efforts so it was not like some solo idea that we had, there really just seemed to be a lack in the patent space of really like clear legal instruments to use when a number of actors felt like they were willing to use patents only for particular purposes. They didn't want to reserve all options on the table. They really wanted it for particular purposes and that they could maybe carve out a little space there. Thanks.


Your coca-cola bottler presents Claudia based on the famous play and novels by Rose Franken Brought to you transcribed Monday through Friday by your friendly neighbor who bottles coca-cola Relax and while you're listening refresh yourself Have a coke and now Claudia Well now What can I do for you miss well, I see you have a sign out fresh air That's right, and the store in the village is closed. So if you could let me have a dozen be glad to 67 cents for the large and 61 for the medium. Sometimes I have colored eggs, but I ain't got any today. I'm sorry Late this morning quite a brown take a choice. Well, how much are the brown eggs? Brown were same prices the white ones miss. Oh, well in New York brown eggs are quite a lot cheaper In Boston, they're quite a lot more expensive. Oh, and in Connecticut. They're the same price Connecticut's about halfway between Be that as it may eggs is eggs to them as nosing the hands get the same feed They're treated just the same so there's absolutely no reason for brown eggs to be cheaper No, I suppose you're right about that Besides once they're fried nobody'd know whether they're brown or white in the first place anyway free size free size Superstition so to speak. Yeah How many dozen did you say you wanted one will be fine one all right?  Yes, we are So near we hear your roosters crowing in every morning. Huh talking of roosters What about some chickens got some fine broilers roasters fry as well if you can broil a fryer I could have it for dinner tonight broilers is fry as miss 44 a pound. Oh, well, that's very reasonable. They're 59 at Franco's Self-same broilers. I sell my chickens to Franco. You mean there's that much difference in price Well, Franco certainly has a nerve precise precise should have known it'd be cheaper to buy off a farm Than all of a butcher How many ma'am broiler rooster fryer fryer, please and one will do thank you if it's large enough that is right, right? I'll fetch him. Will he be nice and fresh. Huh, so fresh you'll be crowing Come along. You can take your pick. Oh Careful of that wire there. I don't want you to cook now. Oh, I'm getting used to fine I want a lot of chicken.  That's the Plymouth Rock nice tender eatin Hey, hey, there's a nice young fella there. Oh, he's lovely. All right.  Oh, well, then I'm sorry I don't think I'm interested. It's up to you ma'am, but this is the freshest kind of chicken you can buy Well, I think maybe he's just a little too fresh for me.  Yep. That's what I mean Oh, I see. Of course sir, if you want to go down to Franco's if it was open Waste the gas in your car and spend 15 cents a pound more for the same bird Well, it's up to you.  He's not a broiler yet I think we ought to call him a rooster to his face anyway Yeah, just look just look there's lots of fine white meat tenders butter and just a sweet 44 cents instead of 59 three pounds three ounces Tell you what I'll let you have him for a dollar thirty five Maybe you'd you'd do it for me. Huh do it. Oh Sorry ma'am. We just sell them live that way even the feathers That's car here ma'am Yes, well, I'll just tie the little fellas feet together. So it'll be easy to tow them along with it Look, I don't think he likes being held upside down like that He don't mind birds don't get dizzy. How can you be so sure and look here ma'am?  Please untie him. Well, you jump out of the car What I mean is I'll just take the eggs, but after I got him all fixed up.  She don't think twice about it now Just remember chop his head off I wish I could forget so does he You better have the omelette then did you bring the eggs? Yes, I brought the eggs But mama listen who likes an omelette really it's just an Unformulated mess of chicken. That's all. What are you talking about? What isn't he pretty though, where'd you get him where I got the eggs? He's just a very precocious egg. That's all what for where do you get him? I got him for dinner?  Oh, I had an awful time in the car with him Oh, why did you do it? You crazy child mama country people always buy poultry on the hoof who said so The man I bought him from well, he didn't say on the hoof exactly, but but that's what it amounts to I Think I ought to untie his hooves. Don't you he doesn't seem very comfortable That's nothing to what he's going to be mama stop making such a face. Do you know how much I save? 15 cents a pound that's a lot when the chicken is plucked and cleaned He'll end up a lot more expensive than if you'd bought him at the butcher. Oh nonsense.  Well, you should have thought of that before before what oh Mama, it was like a bad dream. All I could think of was the 15 cents a pile Oh you and your bargains here put him on the table and I'll get the scissors I just want to untie his legs. Oh Then what well, and I think we should let him walk around and stretch himself. That's a good idea Mrs. Brown I'm an active little rooster, isn't he better close that door so he doesn't get in the living room He has black eyes just like little beads. I Never knew a simple rooster could have so much personality. I do wish you'd never brought him home I guess that means we better wait for David to Do it after all it's man's word and David is so manly about man's work. He won't mind Well, he don't ask me. He's your husband. Yes. He's my husband But he never was my husband with a rooster in the kitchen before. Oh, I wish he'd come.  I watch this rooster less. I think of him as a broiler me too Well, I better get ready to go to the station. It's almost time and leave me alone with this this What's that? It's a car It's a taxi pulling away from the house. What's the matter? Nothing's matter caught the early train and I didn't want you to drive down to the station in a hurry There is sensible and we're very glad to see you. You haven't any idea What was that? What was that? Sounded like a rooster crowing rooster crowing mama. He's been drinking again. Oh I suppose he thinks he hears it again. Hey now what's got into you to nothing yet Where is it? It's under the stove and the trick is to get it in the stove. Here he comes Oh Smart how he answers to kitty always me smart. I'm seeing things Call a doctor immediately. We'd prefer a butcher mama.   He was a bargain. I see we get the feathers and everything and when you bought by broilers this way David You're sure they're fresh Well, he might be fresh, but he looks Skinny. Oh, he isn't though. He's three pounds three ounces and very tender No, then why isn't he cooking? He will be any minute now. I see Do you want to use a knife or a hatchet?  He's very sensitive. Oh, sorry old boy Come here mama. Come in closer. I Have an idea what I won't use the axe. I will use a hatchet I'm leaving now come here old boy Rooster David unhand that bird unhandy. Yes Well, I thought you wanted me to chop off his well, I Love animals around the house and looks an awful skinny animals. That's right. Mommy. He's a mace. He had a positive You may see he wouldn't be enough for three people. I'm sure of that size all those feathers. Oh David I think he's much too old to be a broiler. He's tough as anything.  No darling. I'm just going to buy my hand Now that shortages are almost over you'll find lots of improvements in your favorite shops One of the most welcome modern services is the Coca-Cola cooler you see installed in your market department store and service station It's mighty nice to be able to stop in the midst of marketing for the pause that refreshes Especially since Coca-Cola is only five cents Well, it looks like there's a new member in the family of Plymouth Rock Rooster Well, they're nice to have around. I don't think any of us are going to be able to eat broilers again However, we're too closely related. I know what you mean at any rate We won't be faced with a problem tomorrow night David's planning to take us all out to dinner Well, that'll be nice if you get to where you're going. Why shouldn't we? Well, it could be that you'll have a little trouble with the tire on the way And when you have a flat tire the same day that your back porch caves in and the back porch has to be jacked up Well, anyway, I'm just warning you Mrs. Brown. Eat a hearty lunch. I'll take your advice Joe And I'll also be back tomorrow to find out what happens to us with a flat tire and without a jack Goodbye. Goodbye, Mrs. Brown as I was about to say Every day Monday through Friday Claudia comes to you transcribed with the best wishes of your friendly neighbor who bottles Coca-Cola So listen again tomorrow at the same time And now this is Joe King saying or of war and remember Whoever you are whatever you do wherever you may be When you think of refreshment think of Coca-Cola For Coca-Cola makes any pause the pause that refreshes and ice-cold Coca-Cola is everywhere This broadcast of Claudia was supervised and directed by William Brown Maloney And now here's a word from your friendly neighbor who bottles Coca-Cola


I'm Nicolas Roussel, I'm product marketing manager and I'm very pleased to speak again about our STP Mobile solution. If only it was easy to pay, to travel, to unlock the car or to buy at work, well this is what STP solution offers. So last year in Shanghai, we have revealed the STP Mobile solution, focusing on transit applications, leveraging on the partnership we have with Snowball. And this year, I'm very excited to announce that we did extend the STP Mobile solution to the mobile payment use case. So let me show you how easy now it is to make a mobile payment. So first, I will need to digitalize my credit cards by enrolling it into the system thanks to the wallet application. STP Mobile solution offers white label Android application and the software development kits, allowing the OEMs to create their own branding and to develop the end user experience and in easy manner. So after entering all the credit card information, I need to select the channel that I want to use to receive my confirmation code. And once received, I just need to input it into my wallet to end the enrollment procedure. I can find now my credit cards into my wallet ready to be used. So this fast and easy enrollment process has been made possible thanks to the connections that STP Mobile has with Visa and MasterCards, while the token management service platform that it is connected to STP Mobile solution. This is truly a turnkey solution made of the secure hardware with our ST54, the mobile application and the cloud service. Let me show you now a mobile payment. So I just need to enter an amount on the payment terminal and just to tap the phone on this payment terminal. So now you can see that the payment has been confirmed and I can see the transaction in the payment history associated to my virtual card. STP Mobile is all in one solution because today I will find all my transits, virtual cards, my payments, credit cards into the wallets. And very soon we will have all the digital cards into this wallet together and with the access badge to access that work, for example. So stay tuned, it will come soon. Now I invite you to visit the website ST.com slash STP Mobile. And I strongly suggest to liaise with our local representatives sales and marketing from your area to learn more about STP Mobile business model. Thank you.