Your Excellency, thank you very much for the kind invitation to be here to celebrate six years of future assured how time flies I remember the launch of future assured and of course the many programs Including get involved Where we had to get involved and all of us had to carry our placards and take Photographs on our chests even mr. President was forced to take his own photographs Where they blackout But more importantly the happy faces of women and children Flood victims in Kogi in KB in Niger states who receive food and other relief materials from the get involved initiative The educational initiatives, especially the youth Education Empowerment Program YIP Where a number of young people were given and plans also in place to give them Tutorials in white neck or nap-tep and jump and of course the support for girl child education Support to IDPs that return to their communities with relief materials Including foodstuff clothing beddings building materials building of schools and off-nages in Maiduguri, especially Distribution of future assured packs here in Abuja in Abuja hospitals free health screening in Kogi especially in conjunction with the Kogi women and youth advancement foundation I can see that Governor Yahya Bill is clapping more than everybody else today In In Nassarowa for men and women free health screening for men and women in Nassarowa state You know your state in open state in Lagos It was the commissioning of mobile clinics for medical outreaches and then women Empowerment and training also and the distribution of maternity kits also in Lagos Collaboration with the celebrities and I remember that particular occasion when Abuja was flooded with Celebrities who worked with industry captains to support malnourished children and of course With the wives of diplomats and the clean water initiative also aim to provide clean water for communities with no access to water and Also to achieve the SDG goals set by the UN Etc. Etc. Etc. Etc. It has certainly been an exciting six years Your Excellency, I'm sure that of all the children that the Buhari Aisha Buhari Foundation has given birth to Future assured must be the favorite child and this is as it should be the very future This is as it should be the very future of Nigeria and the very future of our communities Depends on how well we address the many concerns of women and children in our communities especially the three focal areas that future assured has identified health education and empowerment and Economic empowerment and we agree with future assured belief that all social indices can be influenced if the health education and economic status of the population are improved upon and That is the case clearly women constitute half our population and the youth are at least 60% of our population and women especially young girls continue to face problems of every kind and These problems mutate and as the social pressures increase every passing day For example Since the COVID-19 pandemic and the lockdowns It's been shown by empirical studies that The rate of dropouts especially of girls has has increased Child marriages also increased Adolescent childbearing gender-based violence all these indices increased The sharp drop in income for most families here in Nigeria and in most economies of the world Would mean that families would have to make choices that almost always will disfavor the girl child and of course female children have suffered disproportionately from the displacement of caused by the insurgency and conflicts in the northeast and of course in parts of the northwest Unemployment of course, which has also taken a dive especially Since COVID-19 largely affects young people who make up the majority of the workforce So the for the federal government the president has prioritized the solutions to these issues and Since 2015 we've ensured that government social and entrepreneurial programs have an affirmative component for women so of the 2.4 million beneficiaries of our government enterprises and empowerment program 1.2 million were women that is 56.4 percent of beneficiaries were women So a total of 38 billion in loans have been dispersed over the past four years and of the 1.1 million beneficiaries of conditional cash transfers 98 percent are women youth employment program also and power of the 526,000 employed 40.4 percent are female and of of course over 1674,000 cooks in the homegrown feeding school feeding program 97 percent are females We implemented a payroll support program which was designed to mitigate income losses in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic and of the 307,173 employees that have benefited 130,880 that's 43 percent are female owned businesses So we've continued to emphasize female owned businesses we've continued to emphasize affirmative actions for females of for instance in our artisan scheme also beneficiaries of the support program after COVID-19 94,318 artisans 40,000 of them 40,386 are females that's 41 percent of beneficiaries And so it is also with our MSME Schemes as well with respect to MSME is over 35 percent of all the MSME grants are females and all of these are deliberate affirmative actions to ensure that females benefit Proportionately and where they are not able to benefit proportionately at least fairly in the distribution of these programs And of course there have been all sorts of other activities directed specifically By the precedent to ensure that these act that women are given a fairer chance and a fairer opportunity Child Rights Act of course we're all familiar with all that has been done with respect to the Child Rights Act and Also the Violence Against Persons Act all of these legislation are designed to address concerns That especially affect the girl child or women We've also committed in word and deed to education to ensure that no child is denied access to free basic education And I'm sure that many of us will recall the President's statement on the on the 12th of June 2019 when he said that it was criminal for any government to refuse to ensure to Refuse to ensure that all children of school age attend attend school Compositely and he said that of course referring to the act referring to the to the laws of the matter He said that he would ensure that those laws are enforced and this has happened at the National Economic Council level Where with meetings with Governance were put forward a dashboard to ensure that the president's directives are complied with With respect to education of all children and especially of course education of girls So we believe that compulsory education especially of girls is game-changing in many respects as has been shown that when Female children are educated it will possibly positively impact the age of marriage even maternal and infant mortality will be affected in 2020 the Federal Executive Council approved a World Bank credit facility in the sum of five hundred million dollars To finance the adolescent girls initiative for learning and empowerment Now this initiative was particularly important because it was meant to improve secondary education opportunities among girls in Certain targeted states and these states which are the participating states include Bono, Echiti, Cardona, Kano, Katsena, KB and Plateau states and the project was aimed at creating safe and accessible learning processes Advancing and enabling environment for girls and strengthening the institutional capacity of the federal government and state governments to support girl child education The project targets girls between the ages of 10 to 19 years with a strong focus on Disadvantaged adolescent girls from poor local government areas with low secondary school Transition rates and girls from some of the poorest households This intervention is projected to benefit 6.2 million girls and boys also on the issue of safety Of children especially in schools in the wake of criminal abductions that we've seen lately The president has constituted a committee to look specifically at safe schools And especially to try and implement the safe schools initiative We have worked at that at the committee level now for the past couple of months and already Steps have been taken with the security agencies to ensure that this is done in all of the schools with the support of our state governments Since 2016 the rule of law advisory team In the presidency has taken a wide range of steps towards achieving a strong justice response in support of women and girls We form strategic partnerships with stakeholders local and international Including the European Union the rule of law and anti-corruption program of the EU the open society initiative for West Africa The Cairns Foundation the Ford Foundation and all of them have made commitments and have proven that are proven Very valuable in supporting our efforts to succeed So to ensure our efforts coordination, we've also set up several responses to cases of Gender-based violence The rule of law team supported the establishment of sexual and gender-based violence response teams across the country So practically in every state of the country the rule of law team has tried to establish at least one Gender-based violence response team in November 2019 in an effort to enhance access to justice We secured a toll-free number and a short code for the FCT in particular for the SGV SGBV response team for the general support of Airtel. They are the telco We've also developed guidelines for gender-based violence response in Nigeria and a national guide for the establishment of sexual Assault referral centers in Nigeria to enhance other coordination Also in the same 2019 the president directed the national human rights commission to set up a special panel to investigate cases of unlawful arrests assault and sexual and gender-based violence in the federal capital territory involving complaints of raids of nightclubs and arrests of women by the police the panel convinced sitting in the FCT and Hearings have continued They were truncated due to the pandemic in 2020 But we're told that the resume sitting in April 2021 and are now to submit their report first We've also had first responders like the police and response teams Now these are central to all the efforts were making to address gender-based violence as a result we are currently supporting the implementation of projects aimed at strengthening the capacity of the Nigeria police force and also the F the federal capital territory response team and they receive Records and reports regularly, especially those concerning violence against women and girls for young people and I think that this is an important part of the work that has been done Especially by the federal government the president has directed that our focus must be on creating opportunities for good paying jobs and He said, you know that one of the concerns that he has is that the jobs that young people have should be jobs That can sustain a family and I think that's an important guide for the sorts of things I will then try to do you know consequently Consequently, we've worked on all available local and international opportunities For creating these sorts of jobs that the president had in mind. For example, the AFDB There's an AFDB led five hundred million dollar I-dice program and this is a program that the AFDB is coordinating To support the technology and creativity sector So for young people in technology and creativity The funds will be available to finance the ideas the ideas of young innovators and provide infrastructure such as shared facilities and skills training, you know, and now this this is quite important because the shared facilities are facilities that enable groups of Innovators to come together to use facilities that individuals may not be able to afford So if it's equipment we buy the equipment the equipment will be a of course equipment that one person may not be able to afford But then all of those who are involved in that particular sector will be able to use it And we've been able to demonstrate that shared facilities work. We've done shared facilities Already we have one in In there we have one in your state. We have one also I believe in our dam our state These are facilities that enable young people who are innovators or who are working in a particular sector to share Facilities that may otherwise be too expensive. Then there's a jubilee fellows program This is a joint initiative with the UNDP This program will provide paid internships for 20,000 young Nigerian graduates For 12 months for the next five years and this and this Now this program this program will ensure that these 20,000 graduates annually will be attached to Private companies or public companies where they can learn and gain some hands-on experience and the payment for The program is made will be made by the UNDP and I must say that's a very handsome pay for The 12-month period and after the 12-month period of course these young people can then Go out and do other things for themselves either entrepreneurship or remain with the companies where they worked This is 20,000 young people every year for the next five years So we expect that in a hundred a hundred thousand young people will be trained Paid during the period of the training for the next five years Then then of course we have our empire program the federal government's empire program And this is part of Africa's biggest ever social investment program where we've deployed 500,000 young Nigerians and they are paid as volunteers in education in health and agriculture And this has worked where we started this in 2016 is continued up until now and in 2019 the president has now approved the increase of the number of N power beneficiaries From 500,000 to 1 million so we expect to have a million young people Then we have the Nigerian youth investment fund is 75 billion youth investment fund This fund was passed unanimously by the federal executive council to support the activities of young people 25 billion Naira annually Invested in youth businesses for the next three years So more than five thousand today more than five thousand young Nigerians have benefited from this loan with the disbursement of over 1.5 billion Naira The CBN's creative sector fund is also another fund This is this is what the CBN is providing and this started also in 2019 it's introduced also to support the creative industry and It's a financial initiative so that the creative industry can access long-term funds for Entrepreneurship in this respect and also information technology those who are involved in information technology So in addition to improving access to low-cost and sustainable financing for job creation the other objectives include the harnessing of the entrepreneurial potentials of young people within those industries and What we've tried to do also with these young people is that we have ensured that they are part of policy formulation So those in the technology sector those in the creative sector They are part of there. They are part of the policy group. They will have a creative and Technology sector policy group where they also contribute to making the policies Which is why before now a lot of the FinTech companies Those doing you know financial types of businesses were running into trouble because they did not have banking licenses But they were part of the formulation of the policy eventually Which enabled the central bank to grant special licenses to them so that they are able to do certain types of financial Services without being banks. So you find today that there are many small companies that are giving loans especially loans using Algorithms that just determine whether a person is credit worthy or is not credit worthy and all that and they can just give these loans Simulously, so all of these efforts are efforts that the federal government is making especially for youth For youth empowerment what you tend to find and what we find each time is our young people say well We hear about all these things, but we don't have access to them. It's very difficult to access these loans Very difficult to access those facilities, which is why you know where at the moment Working in consultation with several youth groups to see how We can ensure that these facilities are made easier to access. So for example if accessing credit in Many cases involves putting forward some kind of collateral or many young people don't have collateral So we're looking at how to de-risk credit and we're working with the central bank the Bank of Industry and The several other funding organizations including the AFDP to see how we can reduce the possibilities of Collateral and in many cases be able to give on collateral Loans to to young people. It's a huge. It's a huge. Yeah, it's a huge effort but it's a huge effort, but I must say that The commitment of the federal government is in node is not in doubt at all and at several several different forum The president has continued to emphasize that the future of this country depends on how well its young people succeed and of course the future of our country depends on how well we're able to take into account the problems of the of the 50% of our population of the female Population of our country so again, I'd like to commend the future assured and her Excellency the first lady For this incredible effort and to say that in the years to come We we hope and pray that future assured will do even greater and greater things I think that just as you are sure the future for women Women also are looking for some assurance that our future will be good. God bless you. Thank you very much


More than 125,000 marchers are on the Boston Common to be a part of one of the largest women's marches in the nation. Common at Massachusetts Politicians join them with messages of solidarity, hope and resistance. Now we can whimper, we can whine, or we can fight back. The abolitionist movement started right. Dude, together he came together today and every day forward. You know, just as Americans, this is obviously a women's march and we're here because Donald Trump, obviously, and he's pretty much just protecting women throughout the whole campaign. That's not okay. For You New Service, I'm Zoe Mitchell.


Kraft presents the Great Gilder Sleeve. You bet. Kraft Cheese Company, makers of Parquet Margarine and a complete line of famous quality food products, presents Harold Perry as the Great Gilder Sleeve. Kraft brings you the Great Gilder Sleeve every week at this time, written by John Whedon and Sam Moore, with music by Claude Sweet. Feel here from the Great Gilder Sleeve in just a moment. But first, let's see how quickly you boys and girls listening in can guess the food I'm about to describe. Now, this food is high in energy value, it's a food you enjoy at every meal, and it makes bread, toast and rolls taste extra good. Oh, yes, it's made by Kraft. Have you guessed it yet? Well, you boys and girls who said Parquet Margarine can go to the head of the class and say you can tell mother there's no guessing about which spread will please your taste. Once you've tried Parquet and find out how good it tastes, you'll know why Parquet's fresh, delicate flavors preferred in millions of American homes. Remember too that every pound of Parquet contains 9,000 units of important vitamin A. So ask mother to buy Parquet, P-A-R-K-A-Y. The nourishing spread that tastes so good. Parquet margarine made by Kraft. Now let's see what goes on in Summerfield. Ah, yes, in the society column of the Summerfield Indicator appears this item. Hi-ho! The post-Lenten social season is in full swing these days and everything is gay-gay. One of the highlights of the season occurred last evening at the charming home of prominent Mrs. Lila Rantum who supported the war effort with an informal reception and buffet supper in honor of prominent Mr. J... Ah, but we're getting ahead of our story. Let's go back a day. Let's go back a day and up one flight to the bedroom of Thronk Morton P. Gilder-Sleeve, where that prominent figure finds himself cornered by his niece and nephew. How about it on, yes, Uncle Mort, how about it?  You said a week ago, you promised. And this is the day they're collecting the clothes, the high school sending a truck around. Now just a minute, one at a time. Well, I ask you first, I get the moles. You do not, we divide it evenly. I don't see where you put them. One at a time, one at a time. Mr. Gilder-Sleeve! One at a time, I mean, excuse me, Bertie. Mr. Gilder-Sleeve, why are you at it? Yes? I'm getting the clothes ready for the moles. Uh, you can't think you want to carry them? Well, yes, Bertie. I've got a few things in my closet here, my tuxedo, for instance. Uncle Mort, you'll never wear that tuxedo again. Now why don't you give that to the drive?  Oh, no, you don't. Now, wait a minute. Whoop! Leroy, pick up that tuxedo. It slipped off the hanger, Uncle. I didn't even touch it. Pick it up. I was gonna. Bring it here. Okay. He, look at her. My goodness, I got to dust out that closet. It doesn't matter if it's a little dusty, Uncle. The Russians won't care. Just for that, I think you ought to give it to me. Nothing to it. I need it more than she does, Uncle. If we bring 50 pounds of clothes to school for the drive, we get a free ticket to the movies. Objective Burma. It's neat. Arrow Flynn. But our school is collecting today, Uncle Mort. The truck's coming around this morning. Wait a minute. A free ticket, Uncle. Objective Burma. Arrow Flynn. The clothes are for the Russians. They're not for Arrow Flynn. Hold on now. The clothes are mine, so keep your shirt on, both of you. I'll decide what's to be done with them. But, Uncle, if I bring 50 pounds to school, I get a free ticket to the movies. I heard that, Leroy. Objective Burma. I heard that, too. Arrow Flynn. Arrow, I know. Bertie. Yes, sir. Take the tuxedo downstairs. Hang it on the line and air it thoroughly. Then put it in mothballs. Oh, Uncle Mort, you'll never wear it. Well, what about it, Mr. Gilsey? Take the tuxedo downstairs. Yes, sir. Now, let's see what I can give away here. I thought I had a light put in this closet.  Too many hangers in here. Too many clothes. Got a good mind to give them all away. Here, take this, somebody. I get that, Mort. He gave it to me. I get it. I see what it is. It's an old army uniform. Oh, I can't let that go. Now, Uncle Mort, what possible use is that? My dear, this war isn't over yet. No, but it will be the day they take you. Is that so? Let me out of here. Just for that young man, Marjorie gets the uniform. No fair! You can have the next thing. How about this, Uncle Mort? Those are my golf knickers. But you never play golf. Well, I might. I have to beat Judge Hooker every so often just to keep him in his place, the old goat. Besides, the Russians haven't got time to play golf. That's not the point. There's material enough in those knickers to make suits for three or four children. I think you exaggerate, my dear. I'll put them aside. I'll think about them. Next? Well, how about these? These pants. Oh, no. Those are my working pants. I wear those when I work around the house. You haven't used them in five years. On second thought, I guess I'll let them go. They're growing up now, Leroy. Time you learn to do a few things around the place. He... Here, catch, Leroy, they're yours. Now, what else? See, how about this?  That's what I wear to church. And I'm going next Sunday. Well, that's all then. Gosh, is this all we get up? Just the uniform and the pants?  Well, it isn't very much, is it? No, it's not. Uncle Mort, now that tuxedo. You don't really need that, not really. Well, all right. You got that tuxedo down there? Yes, sir. Well, I've changed my mind, Bertie. Bring it up. Oh, I gave it a good brushing. I just gonna hang it out on the line. All right, George, that's a handsome outfit. You know it, Bertie? Yes, it sure is. You know, I hate to let it go. Well, goodbye, old tux. Let's have it, uncle. Now, just a minute. Yes, sir. Some of the happiest hours of my life were spent in that tuxedo. The only suit I ever had made to order. Cost me $75. Look at those lapels, Marjorie. Real silk. You don't see that anymore. In that vest, silk brocade, top to bottom. Look at the jacket. Look at the way it hangs, even on the hanger. That style. What's a peanut bar doing in the pocket? What, the peanut bar? I'm afraid it's pretty stale, my boy. Happy to stale for me. Yeah, you may be right. I don't want to rush you, uncle Mort, but the truck will be coming by here any minute, so we ought to bundle up the clothes and be ready. Now, just a minute. I haven't entirely made up my mind. You mean you're not going to let us have the tuxedo? Well, I don't know. Cost me $75. I don't care what it cost. You never wear it and you don't need it. Not the way the Russians do. Confounded? What do the Russians want with my tuxedo? It isn't just the Russians. I suppose Stalin is going to wear it to state functions. I suppose he needs it to go to San Francisco. Stalin isn't going to San Francisco. Well, neither is my tuxedo. Bertie, take it down again and hang it on the line. Up and down, up and down. Take it away. Bring it back. I declare this house is crazy all the time. Oh my goodness, now what's that? Doorbell, doorbell. I'm shutting all day long. Up and down, up and down. Oh, it's Mrs. Ransom. Wait a minute, Bertie. I'll go. Uncle Mort, what about the tuxedo? Can we have it? Oh, yeah, yeah. Don't bother me now. Give me Barton in like this, Trock Martin. Glad to see you any time.  Oh, I couldn't.  Not me. Well, I've come to steal Bertie. What? Oh, you needn't be frightened. It's just for the evening. But I've got to have help because I'm giving a party. Party? All of a sudden, yes, a buffet supper. You're invited, of course. I'm giving it to an old, old friend of mine who's just come to town. James used his Calhoun. James used his Calhoun? Calhoun. James used his Calhoun. Never heard of him? You wouldn't, of course. He was a friend of my late husbands. James used his Boregard grew up together down in Savannah. Oh, friend of Boregard's, huh? Mm, his best friend. He's sort of related by marriage to my cousin Tuppa Hathaway. Oh, he was terribly in love with me at one time. But then so was George William Hungerford. They were so cute. They used to call on me together. James used his and George William. I just couldn't make up my mind between them. But then along came Boregard and settled the whole thing. Oh. Is that the doorbell? Yeah, pardon me. Bertie, doorbell. You've been having a hard day. I've got to be running along, Throckmont. And you will come to my party, Monson. You bet, I'll be there. And you promise not to be jealous. Jealous of what? James used his Calhoun. Why should I be jealous of him? Well, Grace is he so handsome. Hmm, looks aren't everything. Mm, and he's the loveliest dying, sir. What do I care? I'm not going to dance with him. Silly. He has the most elegant minus. He's a diplomat, you know. Oh, he is, eh? What's he doing up here? Well, I don't know exactly, but it's for the government. It's terribly secret, I suppose. Anyway, I'm so excited. I just can't wait till I see him again. I know you'll be impressed by him, Throckmont. Well, I've met diplomats before. I shook hands with Jim Farley once. Oh. But James Eustace is different. Hmm? More the lean, handsome type. I just love the way he dresses. You know so few men know how to dress well. He wears imported tweeds and things like that. Oh, simply divine. But grace is him rambling on. Oh, there's one thing, Throckmont. Yeah? Uh, as the hostess, naturally, I'll be looking after James Eustace most of the evening, so... Well, what about me? Well, I thought if you wouldn't mind taking Eve Goodwin, I told her you'd call for her. Now, wait a minute. Maybe I don't want to take Eve Goodwin. Well, I think she's terribly attractive, but of course, if you don't want to, I'm sure Judge Hooker would be only... Now, hold on. I didn't say I wouldn't. After all, Eve and I are good friends. I'll call for her, sure. Only, gosh. Throckmont, and I'm afraid you're just a teen civet jealous. I am not. Nice to James Eustace now, and don't let me catch you boys fighting over me here. Goodbye now, and don't... Yes, ma'am, if you want me to. Won't you? I don't know what I'd do with that. James Eustace Calhoun. Sounds like a jiggaloo to me. Such a gallo, just dance, sir. But he can't sing a note. But he can't even carry a tune. Piece of tall and handsome, why isn't he in uniforms instead of walking around in tweeds?  Well, George, I could show her and show James Eustace. Uncle Morton, they're still there. Is who still where? The men with the truck for the clothes drive. They're waiting out here. Oh, thank goodness.  Bring back that tuxedo. Don't worry about the Russians. They're the best, best people in Berlin right now. This is one time I gotta have that tuxedo. A few seconds. You know, most American families are big bread-eaters, and if yours is a family of average size, they may eat as many as six loaves of bread a week. Now, that adds up to a lot of slices, and it can add up to a lot of good eating enjoyment, too. Bread slices of bread and toast and sandwiches with delicious parquet margarine. Parquet's fresh, delicate flavor really satisfies, makes bread rolls, pancakes, and waffles taste so good, you'll want to eat more. And, as for good nutrition, listen to this. Economical parquet is actually one of the best energy foods you can eat. What's more, every single pound of parquet is guaranteed to contain 9,000 units of important vitamin A. So far, flavor that really satisfies for energy and vitamin A. Be sure to buy parquet. P-A-R-K-A-Y. Parquet margarine. Ask for the spread that tastes so good. Parquet made by Kraft. Let's get back to the great Gilderslee, who's donned his finery and is now on his way to Lila Ransom's party. In a few moments, he'll be calling for Miss Eve Goodwin, but first we find him stopping off at Pee-Vee's drugstore for a cigar. Oh, pardon me, Pee-Vee's pharmacy. Hello, Miss Gilderslee. Well, greetings, Pee-Vee. Greetings and salutations. I judge from your get-up you're going to some kind of a party. What do you mean, get-up? Yeah, I mean, tuxedon and boiled shirt and a brocaded vest. Are those pearl studs on the vest, Miss Gilderslee? Well, mother of pearl. Pearl's a little ostentatious. That's right. Is this a meeting or just a social affair? Oh, purely social, Pee-Vee. Ransom is giving a reception for some bigwig from Washington. I guess he wants to impress him. You know how these fellas are. They'd rather dress than eat. Well, no, I didn't say that. Yes, they would. Those fellas put on a cutaway to go out and sit in the backyard. But I'll show him he's not visiting a bunch of hay seeds out here. Ever see my gold cigar cutter? There. Well, I was wondering what you had on the end of that chain. My grandfather's gold watch is on the other end. It doesn't keep time anymore, but it looks, well, substantial. It looks substantial, all right. It must weigh a pound a hand. Where'd you get the walking stick, Miss Gilderslee? That's quite sometimes, since I've seen a gold-headed chain. Long to my great-uncle, Albert. The gold knobs are a little loose, but it stays on if you're not a-holding. Yeah, maybe a little moustache would help. No, not necessary. I'll put the knob in my pocket when I get there. Let's see, what did I come in here for? Oh, yes, yes, cigars.  That's it. You mean the cheaper half? Is that the best you can do? Well, no, but that's as high as you've ever gone, Mr. Gilderslee. I'm establishing a new ceiling, PB. The sky is the limit. Well, I've got a cigar here that costs 30 cents straight. I did look to you. No band? No, sir. This particular cigar doesn't carry a band. Well, then how's anybody going to know it costs 50 cents? Well, I could tie a little price tag around it. What? Don't try to be funny, PB. Just give me six of those three for half. Then I'll know where I stand and so will everybody else. That's fair. Not to be one dollar plus the tax. I'll just put them in my cigar case. Oh, that's very handsome. Leather. This part here is gold-filled. You don't say. One dollar plus the tax, Mr. Gilderslee. I'm trying to get the money, PB. That's my change in my watch pocket here, if I can...  Don't charge it, PB. That charge, it shall be. Well, have a good time, Mr. Gilderslee. I will, PB. I'll be the bell of the ball and the queen of the may. Queen of the may.  Women. All they think of is dressing up like a plush horse. Well, might as well sit down and be comfortable. Vest is getting a little tight. Still, it makes me look slender. How've you been, E? I've been fine, but more than half you've been. Fine. Dickens, are you putting on that takes so long? I'm going to show you right now. What's the matter? Nothing. Thought maybe there was something to matter with my clothes. Oh, no. They're perfect. How do I look? Say, pretty, tasty. Is that a new dress or did you just have it tightened? A lot more. Only joking, of course, Eve. Come on, we'll be the handsomest couple ever seen in Summerfield. Have to be careful getting up and down. He fancy finding you here. Good evening, birdie. The drawing room is right to the left. Drawing room? It's the parlor. Looks just like a waiter. What's the matter, Judge? Don't you own a tuxedo? I'm afraid you're the only man that's dressed up. I am. What happened to the diplomat? Oh, my land on our table. Here we are all standing out here. Mr. Vonis, all bombshell from the drawing room. Come in, everybody, and meet him. You suppose that's the fellow, Eve? He's the only stranger inside. An old tweed suit. Come and meet Mr. Calhoun. Mr. Goodwin, Mr. James, Eustace Calhoun. How do you do? I'm totally charmed, Mr. Goodwin. Oh, brother. And Mr. Gilda Sleeve, Mr. Calhoun. And Mr. Calhoun from Washington, Throckmar. I know. How do you do? I'm proud and happy to meet you, sir. I understand you're in government yourself, sir. Government? Oh, yes. I'm a servant of the people like yourself, Mr. Calhoun. A government service is a tradition in my family, Mr. Gilda Sleeve. Wasn't your grandfather Governor James Eustace? On my mother's side, yes, Leela. Well, my grandfather was a deputy sheriff. I see. Won't you ladies have a chair, Mr. Goodwin? Thank you. Thank you, Leela. I was getting her a chair, Horace. Oh, now, now, boys, don't you fight over me here. Oh, I wonder if y'all would excuse me minute there's something I forgot to ask my ma'am. Certainly. Oh, now, don't get up, James. You just have to be right back. Charming woman? Charming woman. Summerfield seems to have more than a chair of charming ladies, if I may say so, Mr. Goodwin. Oh, is that the diplomat speaking, Mr. Calhoun? The diplomat. Mrs. Ransom tells me you're with the State Department down in Washington. Well, not exactly. I'm in the personnel division of the WVD. Well, what's that? One of the war agencies. Most of our work is confidential. Oh, it must be awfully interesting. It is, ma'am. I'd love to hear about it. It's not as interesting to me at the moment, ma'am, as you are. Could I have the pleasure of dancing with you? Oh, I didn't know there was dancing. We've rolled up the rug, the dining room, and the phonograph is in there. If you do me the honor. That sounds lovely. You'll excuse me, Crockmorton. Oh, sure.  I wasn't. Oh! Hurry back, Eve. I shall return your lady unharmed, Mr. Gilligan. Hmm. Just wants to show off what a good dancer he is. How do you know he's a good dancer? Lila says he's a regular Vernon castle. I'd know anyway. All these slick fellows that talk that way are good dancers.  Look at him. Bowing and smiling. And wearing an old tweed suit. Hello, Mr. Calhoun.  Isn't this simply diviny? Oh, stop, or we'll spoil it. I'm afraid you ladies have already spoiled me for dancing with ordinary partners. Crockmorton, why aren't you dancing? I don't want to. Oh, come on, Crockmorton. I just love the way you swing me around. He almost frightens me to death, James Houston. Well, I imagine Mr. Gilligan's sleeve is a beautiful dancer. Well, I've had a few compliments in my time. Eve, would you do me the honor? Oh, I wish you'd excused me for a few minutes, Crockmorton. I'm at a lot of breath. Well, how about you, Lila? Shall we try to measure it? Oh, let's just talk for a minute, shall we? I'm dying to know just what James Houston does down there in Washington. Oh, my job is mostly routine, Lila. Signing reports, filling out forms, and so on. I imagine the judge here has a much more interesting job than I have. What about me? I find the bench very satisfactory, Mr. Calhoun. A judge gets a chance to study human nature. I've always believed, as the poet said, that the proper study of mankind is man. Very true, Judge, very true. Well, now, as water commissioner, I... If you will permit me, guilty. Mr. Calhoun, a judge sees a good deal about some in Jetson in the course of a year. A water commissioner sees plenty, too. He'll do. But the fellow that reads the meters, he sees everything. I was about to tell Mr. Calhoun of an interesting case that came up in the winter journey. How would it be if I'd sing, Lila, as long as everybody's too tired to dance? I'm not tired, Missy. I'm not tired, Crockmorton. Come on, James Houston, let's dance, shall we? Your wish is my command, Lila. How about a lovely, romantic world for this time? Always love, Wilson, with you. I always love, Wilson, with you. Bureaucrat. Now, Crockmorton, I think he's very nice. Would you like to dance? Sure. Guess I better not, Eve. This coat's a little tight, and if I raise my arms... Oh. Eve, could I have the pleasure? Oh, I certainly, Judge. Excuse us, guilty. Now, whether I mention it, Mr. Calhoun, but I sing a little... That's a grand gift, Mr. Gildersleeve. I envy you, sir. As I was saying, Miss Globlin, one of my closest friends is a very important man in the Navy Department. Eve, wouldn't you like to hear me sing? I have, Crockmorton. And this friend of mine remarked the other day that in his opinion, we'll have regular plane service across the Atlantic within five years. I wouldn't want that to get around, of course. What's going on in here? Leela, wouldn't you like to hear me sing? Well, later, Crockmorton. We're going to have supper tonight. Well, just one short song, then, huh? Kind of relax everybody before they eat. Well, I'm not sure it would, Crockmorton. You put so much into your singing. Oh, come on, Leela. You play for me. Well, everybody else wants you to, do they? Well, they all love music, don't they? I do, and I'd like to hear you sing anyway, Gildersleeve. I'd rather hear you than listen to any more of Calhoun's conversation. Yeah, well, thank you, Judge. Ladies and gentlemen, Mr. Crockmorton, Pete Gildersleeve is consented to favor us with a vocal selection. Well, that's just fine. You'll be accompanied at the piano by our charming host. How lovely. I shall endeavor to present the dramatic ballad, Chloe. Leela? Yeah, yeah, yeah, that's a very good key. Mother of Pearl stud. I've got it, Crockmorton. Someone gave my tuxedo to the United National Clothing Drive after all, and then I found they don't want tuxedos. So I'm stuck with it. Seriously, there are millions of people in Europe who need clothing desperately. It's hard for us to realize over here, but it's a fact that many people in Europe have died from exposure. So go through your closets, dig out the stuff that's still good that you don't really need, and turn it into the local committee of the United National Clothing Collection. Ask yourself, what can I spare that they can wear? And then give generously. Good night, ladies and gentlemen. And not the nurse speaking for the Brad Cheese Company makers of Crockmorton and a complete line of baseball and footballers. Brad's about to listen again next week while the further managers are regrettably speaking. A wonderful help in menu planning. It's Pabstette, the delicious golden cheese food, the cheese food that's so nourishing, so easy to digest, so useful in a hundred appetizing ways. For a tempting main dish, blend Pabstette's mellow cheddar cheese flavor into nourishing economical macaroni and ogrotton dishes. Or melt Pabstette into a smooth, luscious cheese sauce for over-vegetables, hard-cooked eggs, chicken or fish. For lunchbox sandwiches or after-school treats, spread delicious Pabstette on graham crackers or between layers of white or whole wheat bread. There's actually a hundred different ways to please your family with Pabstette. And remember, Pabstette supplies many important food elements, muscle-building protein, milk minerals, vitamin A, and the important vitamin called riboflavin. So for delightful menu surprises, buy wholesome, nourishing Pabstette. Whenever you can, serve this delicious golden cheese food, Pabstette.


Welcome folks, this is Tom O'Brien of TFNN. We have five days a week, we go seven hours a day, we go 24 hours a day on the internet at tfnn.com. Always remember folks, whatever you think about, you bring about whatever. You focus on growth, hope everyone's having a great day, safe day, making a great night folks. Love is responsible for its actions. Everything you think, everything you do has a consequence and you're going to experience the consequences of the actions in one way or another. All human beings are completely responsible for their actions, even if they don't want to be. My good boys, let's take a look at it out here. We have the Dow Industries down 594, NASDAQ off 371, S&Ps off 89, Gold contract up $29.60, trading at 19.01 an ounce. We had Silver up 21 cents, $23.81 an ounce. Light Sweet Crew down two bucks, $91.44 a barrel, notes and bonds. The 10-year note up 19.6, trading 126.13. The 30-year up a full point plus four ticks at 151.31 and King Dollar. King Dollar is up 156, trading 95, 852. Yours at 113, yen is at 114.97, the British pound is at 136 to one US dollar. iPhone number's 877, 9276648. It was called folks, well I know it's going on in your world and the world of the S&Ps, let's take a look at it, what do you have? Okay, so we look at a spy, you get some price destruction out here, no doubt about that, but bottom line folks, okay, you don't have volume on the way down. Yeah, so this is a consolidation. Right now we have the Nasdaq down by 2.6%, the S&Ps down 1.8, the Dow Industrial's down 1.7. You can take a look at this spy out here, the spy's trading down 8080 at 437. You're coming into the last swing point from Monday. Monday was 133,000 shares, 123 million shares folks, okay. You know, we're into that bar, so it's saying yeah, I can go to the bottom of the bar, probably tomorrow at 435. You're not gonna, right, this can't go down here, I don't think we would go break these lows. I think this is building cars to break the lows, okay, but I don't see it right now. We look at the NDX100, what do you have with the NDX100? What we have with the NDX100 is this, you get the three cues, bottom line, same setup, fast price destruction without volume. You're coming into the swing from Monday, we had 80 million, you've done 42, we'll probably do about 60. And of course, the big number inside the NDX100 is that it is getting closer to that high volume low. 353 is the highs of the low, we're 346, bottom line, you can see we're already dug into that good time, seven. So your probability is pretty good that you very well may get into the bottom of that high volume low. Even that being said, I just don't think we're gonna do it this time. I think we can go to the Monday low, reject that Monday low and then go top side once again. Gold, gold contracts and ABC structure in the way up, folks. It took the B point out today, took it outward volume. And what you're gonna see here, we talked about this yesterday, when you're approaching a swing point, folks, you can see this, we're approaching a swing. The swing that we're approaching here was the 1882. You can see yesterday was an inside day, but the two prior days, you had the expansion of volume up three prior days actually. First day was 239,000 contracts right underneath it, only made it out to the 1862. Next day, 1876, 231,000 contracts. Next day, 250,000 contracts, bottom line, you blew it away, blew it away with volume. It's 100 point A to B, the A point is 1780, the B point is 1881. So you get 101 bucks, gives you 1946. Now that's if it's a one to one ABC structure in the way up, folks. That's how that shakes out, because what gold loves to do is a one to 1.382 to a 1.50 in the metals and in the equities. That's how it shakes out. Notes and bonds, we take a look at the note and bond market, folks, what you get out here in the note and bond market, right now you get the 10 year note, up 19 ticks. You get low volume, this is a counter trend balance in a market that wants lower price, meaning lower price, higher yield. And you can see it's pretty clear. First off, we didn't test the swing low from five days ago, which is 125, 17, that's gonna get tested. You're going up today at 1.8 million, you went down to 3.1, bottom line, counter trend balance. We go take a look at the 30 year bond. 30 year bond is up one full point, plus six ticks, and this one here, oh, this is gonna be interesting to see what it's got here. A little different setup, yeah, stay the same thing. You got, what you did is this, you did test and you rejected, with light of volume yesterday, the swing low. The swing low had 540,000 contracts, yesterday it did 359, bottom line is still going up a way too much, little volume. You're going up with 390,000. King dollar, we take a look at King dollar right here, we have a King dollar, bottom line, King dollar's having a hard time holding price.  We take a look at some of the higher volume equities out here today, and what we are gonna have out here is that there's gonna be light volume out here today. You get pellet tears off $2, you got advanced microdown of four bucks, NVIDIA's down 19, Door Dash is up eight, the number of Door Dash deliveries, I think it's like 236 million in 90 days, big number, man. You got Facebook is down seven and a half dollars, you got Virgin Galactic off $1.15, Fastly is off $9.55, that's really a hit, man. That's only a $20 stock, it was a $30 stock, that thing just got smoked. Bottom line, folks, is that yeah, we have some selling out here. Now, here are a million different things, you get selling because of Ukraine, you get selling because of the market, bottom line, folks, might take a lot of, I'd say I might take a lot of it. Ukraine, Russia, nothing's gonna happen. And the reason I'm saying that, folks, there's no way that Biden comes out this morning, says it's imminent, and then gets on a helicopter and goes to Delaware, goes to the next meeting. That doesn't happen when it's immediate, folks, okay? Or imminent, it just doesn't happen, man. That's the bottom line.  So, the rest of this, I would say, is just normal selling inside the marketplace, why? Because the highs are in, folks, I suspect we're gonna be in a consolidation maybe a couple years, and we'll find out how big the consolidation's gonna be, whether it's gonna be the first leg down, or do we do an ABC structure down, and that'll be the consolidation. Dow Industrial's right now down 643, you get the Nasdaq off 382, S&P's off 94. Stay right there, folks, come right back.


Today I wish to share some of my thoughts on what I call the research mindset. I hope you are able to watch my slides. I will of course be uploading these later on on the conference website and all participants are welcome to download the PDF version and use because all my talks are in open source always. The title you might find slightly funny, Building India Where Dreams Come True. While I am speaking on research mindset, I want to particularly emphasize that all our efforts have to lead to a better India, a prosperous India, a more knowledgeable India and a greater contributing India to the polity of the whole world. I wish to begin with an observation that our knowledge is often classified in fields. When you do such classification, classification has some advantages and some disadvantages. The advantages are that the growing body of knowledge in every field can be more comfortably handled. So that is the advantage because the growth of the knowledge is so fast and humongous. It is not possible for a single human being to simultaneously study all fields to the great depth. However, there are disadvantages and the disadvantages are that we build ourselves into silos of knowledge. I will proceed for the time being without my slides. What I was trying to tell you is that we have divided our knowledge classified into various fields primarily so as to ensure that we can handle the growing body of knowledge in every field properly. When it comes to advanced knowledge, it becomes mandatory that people concentrate on a particular field to be able to manage to understand the depth to which that field has advanced and then to add more knowledge to it. However, in the process we forget that knowledge actually cannot be separated out into independent silos. Knowledge is a single connected entity spanning everything that is there in the universe. It is for this reason that the fundamental requirement for every researcher to begin research is to acquire adequate breadth or adequate understanding of many fields particularly those which are intrinsically related to our field of study. If I can get these slides in time, I would have like to share with you some examples of what significant things we miss out because of our lack of breadth imposed primarily because of our artificial classification of knowledge into different silos. Let me begin with some examples of engineering systems. Engineering is my field so forgive me for giving examples from the engineering field. Are we aware that nature has built some of the best engineering systems? Consider the following. You would have seen a delightful firefly in late evenings and early nights when large number of fireflies fly around emitting with beautiful flickering lights. Look marvelous. Have we ever wonder how do they convert energy into lumens? If they use the method that we deploy in our conventional engineering namely converting heat into light they would burn themselves in order to produce the lumens. They will have to generate so much heat that they will burn themselves. They do not do that. What does nature do to produce such bright luminescence without any heat? Consider nitrogen fixing. Many of you would be familiar with this term. Nitrogen fixing happens in nature where the trees actually absorb nitrogen from the surrounding environment. Notice that these plants and trees do so at normal temperatures and pressures. As against that imagine all the complicated chemical reactions that we need to put in place in order to produce nitrogen and nitrogen related useful materials such as urea. Consider another example. A coconut tree. What is great in engineering about coconut tree? Well not about the tree but about the sweet water that gets into every coconut. Just imagine how tall the coconut tree is. If you were to pump that much water from bottom of the tree to the top of the tree where the coconut hangs how much energy would be required? No coconut tree comes inbuilt with a pump at the bottom. And yet probably through a large number of capillary actions this water goes up all the way from ground into the coconut and gets sweetened there. That is nature's engineering. Perhaps the best form of engineering that nature has created is human body itself. There is no field of engineering which cannot derive tremendous knowledge and understanding from the study of human body. Take for example heart as a pump. It is one of the best designed pumps which is self-healing, self-operating does not require rest ever. In fact the moment it goes to rest we rest. Look at the structure of the human body, the bones. Architecturally the human body is one of the best examples of a mobile architecture of a flexible architecture. Just think of the degrees of freedom that the fingers and hands give you. No robo has yet been designed to match the dexterity of the human hands. People complain about the knee joints. A friend of mine, a very senior professor, Professor Gupta was commented that people wrongly blame God for not designing the knee joint properly. Actually God had designed the knee joint assuming that human like all other animals will continue to walk on all fours. But the human being decided to walk only on two legs and not on all four limbs and that is the reason why the knee joint is greatly stressed in human beings. But jokes apart the architecture and the structural design of the human body is an extraordinary feat of engineering. I mentioned heart as a pump but how many of us are familiar with the pulse pumping and the flexible piping which handle non-Newtonian fluids. Human body does that regularly. Consider intestine. Have you ever wondered if you consider intestine as a pump? Well that is what it is. The intestine as a pump is not ordinarily considered as a pump. It is only a passage for food but notice that the solid food actually is because of the flexible pumping mechanism that the intestine creates by compression and expansion the whole food is pumped down. Kidney as one of the best designed filters. Those of you who understand filter design will appreciate how kidneys function tirelessly throughout one's life. I come closer to my own field of academic activities namely computer science and information systems. Many of you would have heard about message passing through synaptic junctions. So those of you who have considered how the message passes through synaptic junctions I had some visuals which somehow have not appeared in this version of the slides but there you will see neurons with their dendroids and the number of dendroids that each neuron has and those dendroids connect to other neurons. It is an amazing message passing network that the human brain possesses all created by God's evolution over millions of years extraordinary amount of engineers. Now visual processing is an example of both the scale and complexity of information processing that human body is capable of. You are already aware of the number of millions of cone cells and rod cells that human eye has. Now what is interesting is that the human eye captures every scene that it looks at converts it into an image in the retina and then there is a huge pipe going to the brain which actually carries the entire visual information. It is as if a frame by frame is being captured and the movie is going there every second that your eyes see something. We do not know how all this information is processed and filtered but it is very obvious that before the information reaches brain much of the processing has already happened in the way much of the consolidation has happened in the way. This is something that is so extraordinary not yet understood by human knowledge. Why do we not know how all of it works? You know my explanation for that? My explanation for that is that we as engineers have limited ourselves into a division into a classification into a silo called engineering which itself is a subset of science. Please note that life sciences are not studied by engineers and engineering is not studied by bioscientists. This situation prevailed till very recently and a majority of engineers in the world and a majority of bioscientists in the world are still divided into two independent silo and that is the reason why beauties of both these disciplines are often unknown to the other people. This is particularly harmful to a researcher who must start with a proper appreciation and understanding of all the relevant fields that may be important for one's own area of research. Let me now talk about research. Research has often been mentioned as something different from education. I entirely disagree with this notion. According to me research and education are two soils of the same coin, a coin of progress in knowledge. It so happens that whenever we study towards a degree, we call it an education. Whenever we study towards a 10th standard exam or 12th standard exam, we call it an education. We do a bachelor's degree, it is an education. We do a master's degree, it is an education. We do a PhD degree, it is an education but things start changing. After the bachelor's degree, when you do a master's degree, you are required to do education and a little bit of research. And when you do PhD, you are required to do a little bit of education and more of research. This is actually nonsense. How can research and education be considered to independent activities has been my curious question all these years. Let me explain to you what I think is required, what I think is necessary for research. And then I will explain why I consider research and education to be one and the same thing. I believe that in order to do good research, we need to develop a mindset, what I call the research mindset. Let me explain what do I expect this mindset to possess to represent. First, the ability to understand breadth. All the examples that I gave earlier are indicative of the breadth of knowledge. Not only the knowledge that exists but knowledge which we all must acquire adequately to understand and appreciate the presence of discoveries, the inventions in all related areas coupled with the breadth.  If there is no spirit of enquiry, there cannot be any generation of knowledge in one's mind. The spirit of enquiry therefore, must perpetually propel the mind and is an important aspect of a research mindset. Ability to do critical analysis and when I say critical analysis, I mean non superficial analysis. An analysis which goes and understands each and every aspect of whatever you are studying. Ability to succinctly articulate your ideas. In fact, this one aspect which I will later on stress again is so critical that it must be part of your research mindset. Unfortunately, it is one area in which India as a whole lacks because of our societal challenges. Our knowledge traditions right from the beginning were actually through spoken words. The written script came much later. We do read occasionally. We write very rarely. Our history is written by others. We do not write diaries. In general, we do not have strong traditions of writing. Unfortunately, the modern persuades of knowledge and particularly research require you to write down your idea properly and succinctly. I am not talking only about research publications. I am talking about your internal memos, internal reports, internal proposals shared with other research colleagues shared with the institution and so on. Please do look back and check whether every piece that you articulate in writing does it convey exactly what you want to say. Does it convey it in properly written language? How much time do you spend in correcting a draft? All of these are part of the mental discipline which I say is a mindset ready for succinct articulation. Meticulous work. There is no shortcut to good quality work without being meticulous. Synthesis. Ability to synthesize is different from ability to analyze. This requires experimentation. Setting up experiments, not one but multiple. Conducting those experiments with the thoroughness that the true scientific practice requires, not a shoddy experiment. But very meticulously conducted, well planned and then detailed analysis of the experimental results. Even if the experimental results do not support the hypothesis with which we started, maybe it will mean that we will have to revisit the hypothesis, maybe it will mean that we will have to reconduct experiment in some other way. But a synthesis backed up by experimentation is often required particularly in applied research. Solving hard problems is a key to that research mindset which will permit you to achieve newer heights in the pursuit of knowledge. This is another area in which we are generally weak because our conventional education system does not encourage us to attempt to solve hard problems. I will give you a couple of examples of why this is important and how perhaps some of our institutions are able to achieve this kind of mindset because of some rigorous practices. But it is important to appreciate that a good research mindset is automatically ready to attempt to solve very hard problems. A mindset which is ready to experiment with innovative approaches is absolutely essential for research. Innovation does not necessarily mean some earth shaking different thing to be invented or something. Even small little things done differently might lead to a great impact on whatever you are achieving. So, innovation is not just doing something new but also doing the same thing in a different manner such that the result is something different, something better, perhaps something more affordable, perhaps something more convenient and so on. Absolute honesty in the approach is an absolute requirement of the research mindset. This is another area where the Indian society sadly lacks grit, sadly lacks determination and sadly lacks recognition globally. You will be surprised to know that at least in the areas in which I have been working, the global research community looks at Indian submissions through an eye of great suspicion because of the large number of cases of plagiarism which have prevailed in conferences after conferences, conferences after conferences. I will try and analyze this with some reasons why this happens but this is most unfortunate. Nowhere in the world such a thing is permitted, it is considered a criminal activity. For ordinarily criminal activities people go to jail for academic criminal activities. Unfortunately, India does not have an equivalent of jail yet. A few cases which get thrown up, some action is taken, it is tom-tom in newspapers and then everything is forgotten. The fundamental fact is that unless we achieve that mindset then no matter what temptation, no matter what reason, no matter what justification, we shall be honest. We shall report only the work that we have done and if ever we have to report work done by others due credit will be given, complete credit will be given. No verbatim reproduction of any material will ever be done. Please understand that when I do a citation of a reference paper it does not give me the permission to cite paragraph after paragraph from that paper. I can speak for significant time on the academic honesty as absolutely an essential thing. I think all of you are aware of that as I said later during my talk I will perhaps try to indicate why dishonesty happens in the first place. Another important aspect of the research mindset is quality consciousness. You see when we speak of quality how do you define it? Can you define it quantitatively? No, in fact that is why you say qualitative and quantitative are two different aspects or two different parameters of measuring a particular thing. So when I produce a research or forget a research, when I produce any representation of a knowledge, let us say I am writing an explanatory note for my student. It will not be considered researched by most people but whether that explanatory note is not only correct does not only have appropriate quantitative information but is qualitatively superior. How do you define a qualitatively superior note or a research paper? Well there are a few things which stand out. First a few quantitative measures which actually define quality use of language is your language grammatically correct or punctuation marks all in place are paragraphs properly delineated or sections named properly. Simple things but many times not attended to result in a bad quality document. I am giving document as an example but you can see this reflecting in each and every activity that you do. Quality does not happen by accident, it happens by design and that is another lacuni that many of our researchers have. Whenever they do an activity they do not design that activity, they simply start that activity, continue working on that activity but without planning for it in advance. Sadly another reason is that an important aspect of knowledge called management is considered a different size. Engineers and scientists in this country are not exposed to basic minimum management processes which are so vital in governing all our lives any which way. I believe it is important to do so but I digress. People who are familiar with management processes however will understand the importance of design. Those of us who deal with systems understand how important is analysis and design before you build systems and before you start working with them. So, I again suggest that quality cannot be by accident, it has to be obtained by design. Another important aspect of the research mindset is the ability to persevere, persevere through failure. Failures will happen in any long span of life and researcher typically has a span of 4, 5, 7 years while working towards PhD and the entire life for rest of the life for a research. Failures will happen, life is not fair, life is as it is. Sometimes we get what we wish to do, sometimes we do not get what we wish to do, sometimes we succeed in our endeavors, sometimes we fail in our endeavors. It is the psyche of a human which actually decides how long a human will remain frustrated after a failure. If we do not have the proper research mindset then the first failure in let us say a theorem not being proven right or a counter example being given by someone on our work or an experiment failing or something like that. These things will occur. In fact major failures will happen in life and my mindset example or the importance of this mindset will find in every walk of life not only in research. You see whenever I fail I have two choices, one I keep sulking about it, making my life more miserable and wasting more of my time or I sleep over it and next day morning I get up and say ok big deal I fail, start all over again and persevere through my grit and determination to succeed again. You can see which one is better unfortunately this simple logic does not pervade the human mind because the psychological frustration blocks you from reaching that mindset. So my request to you is that when you try to look at a research mindset consider these last few points to be very very important points ability to persevere through failures is absolutely essential. If I have to achieve this mindset what comes in the way? Well what comes in the way is my humble opinion is our attitude. Our attitude which is set by the rat races that we have been perpetually participating in right from the childhood. Every rat race creates a few winners and many losers. Winners acquire over confidence and therefore lose sight of the need to do more work. Losers, winners by the way acquire over confidence to such an extent that sometimes it borders on arrogance. The moment human mind acquires arrogance forget research mindset even the human mindset is lost and the human is lost to the society. On the other hand the losers acquire diffidence and many times this diffidence borders on despondence. I have seen people including researchers who because of the failures because of losing out on some rat race or the other become so despondent so dejected that they stop being active and useful at all now forget to the rest of the world but to themselves. I would like to put several of these points together to say that in order to acquire this research mindset you should do these 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 things properly. But before proceeding let me answer a question which I had raised are education and research 2 distinct entity. I had opined that they are not let me explain. Recall the points which I mentioned on the research mindset consider some of these and consider different stages of human growth. Consider a child do not we expect a first grade student first standard school 6 year old 7 year old student to be able to succinctly articulate his or her feelings his or her thoughts clearly to everyone. So, is an succinct articulation a requirement of a 7 year old? Do we not expect a earth or 9 standard student to understand mathematical formulation properly if the student has studied maths, algebra, simple arithmetic. Don't we expect logical thinking from a earth or 9 standard student? From a 12 standard student do we not expect ability to solve complex problems or hard problems? From a second year or third year science or engineering student or any college student in any field be it arts, commerce, history, geography wherever. Do we not expect the ability to analyze multiple things and to prepare some kind of a thought process which may eventually lead to new knowledge or at least the discovery? Do we not expect the ability to analyze? Do we not expect the ability at least to perceive the synthesis? Third year student my take is that this research mindset does not happen or start happening suddenly at the level of PhD or research. It happens right from the first standard when a child goes to the school and builds slowly and slowly and slowly. PhD is nothing but a culmination of that process. That is the reason why I say PhD is not just a degree. It is a mindset. It is a recognition by the larger society that you seem to have achieved perfection in these various aspects and you have now achieved that mindset. That is why we recognize you. But the parts of mindset are required at every part of the education. In fact I would say a better school education and a better college education is one in which such components of the research mindset as are relevant at that level are very strongly put into the minds of the students who are studying. In short that is why I say that research and education are not two distinct things but are two sides of the same track. In conclusion I would like to list out the steps that we ought to take in order to ensure that we achieve this research mindset quickly and properly. Number one acquisition of knowledge. Well this might be an oxymoron because all of us who do any kind of research particularly the teaching community or the academic community and the academic fraternity we do regard ourselves as perpetual students or perpetual learners. So this is nothing new except that do we make acquisition of knowledge as a fundamental aspect of our life or not is what is important. Do we study as many domains as possible as may have a reflection on whatever our field of study is or do we limit ourselves only to one field is another question. Remember what I talk about the breadth. The breadth must be achieved and it is not one time breadth that you achieve and then you say now I am doing this research on this narrow area. So I have constructed from a broad base the pyramid and now I am here I will concentrate only on this area rest of my life which is completely incorrect because you never know what other things which you never study or what other things which are happening around you in other areas which might have an impact on what you are doing today. Breadth like depth is a perpetual pursuit keep looking at each and every aspect of knowledge that comes your way equally important is to master the skills you will have to be proficient in using each and every trick of the trade as we call it the skill in your own field so that you use it properly and correctly. This involves knowing all the methods and all the techniques that are particular to your own field although I have listed this as a third point according to me it is the most important point and represents unfortunately the most important inadequacy of the entire Indian research community. Ability to make a perfect proper articulation is sadly lacking unfortunately many rightly point out that such an ability should be built at the school level at most at the high school level and certainly at the undergraduate and the researchers are paying the price or education system not being able to do so. But that is a perpetual problem every level of education always feels that it is spending a lot of time in doing what should have been done by the earlier phases. So, everybody blames the lower phase lower phase lower phase for this deficiency or the other and that way we cannot solve the problem. In IIT Bombay for example, we have a compulsory course at the postgraduate level compulsory for both our master students and PhD students on effective communication. Such is the importance of effective communication for those colleagues of those colleagues who are attending this workshop I would like to specifically request you to spread this message among all your colleagues who are not attending this workshop among all your students. It has wrongly been assumed that in science and technology education and research the 90 percent of your time is spent on scientific and technical work and only 10 percent on articulation. It would have been alright if your articulation was so perfect that in that limited 10 percent time you were able to articulate properly. But if you are not then spend as much as 50 percent of your time in perfecting your articulation and only 50 percent time in the scientific discoveries and knowledge. Believe me it is that important particularly in this globalized world where everything that you say gets examined by millions of people it is absolutely essential to be perfect in your articulation. Be meticulous what they say you know be the god of little things you cannot miss out and mess up small things because one small thing messed up may mean a very big thing may be messed up eventually. Work hard is another oxymoron there is no shortcut to hard work.  I have worked very hard in my life to find out a substitute for hard work. Many people smarter than all of us have tried it for thousands of years there is no evidence that anybody has succeeded. If you have to achieve something extraordinary hard work has to be put in hard work to solve problems and hard work to solve hard problems very essential. As I mentioned perseverance so face failure squarely recover speedy. This is an interesting point that I suggest emulate what is good. We often refer to role models particularly for researchers whether it is C V Raman, Chandrasekhar, Basu, Indian Names, Einstein and all other we are all great role models and we look towards these great role models to get inspiration from them. I would humbly like to point out that it is not necessary to do so at all. We can actually pick up role models from amongst our own near and near friends and other acquaintances. So, here is an interesting theory. I call it Fartex hypothesis because it is not a proven theorem but I have not found an counter example yet to this hypothesis. This hypothesis says that randomly sample 10 people around 10 researchers, 10 students, 10 teachers, 10 persons, whatever. Prepare two lists. In one page or two pages try to list out all the good attributes of each of those 10 persons. Somebody is very meticulous write it meticulous. This person is meticulous. This person is always on time. This person has fantastic articulation. That person has such a great sense of time. This person is very polite etcetera all the desirable characters. Now take another piece of paper and prepare a second list. In the second list list everything that you dislike about each of those 10 persons. Somebody is arrogant.  Somebody is not meticulous at all. Somebody cannot write two sentences properly. Write everything that you think is not desired. My humble claim is that if you then look at these two lists independently, the first list will describe a person who is extraordinary provided there was a single person who had all the qualities in the list. Equally the second list will describe a totally undesirable person provided you ever come across a person who has all of these undesirable qualities. The fact of life is each one of us has some plus points, some minus points. We all come as a bundle and we are unique individuals. We are not automatons, robots. We are similar only in being humans but each human being is an individual and is different. I have seen that this strategy of mind of selecting any 10 people. I did that when I was a student. I did that when I became a teacher. I took 10 teachers and I listed down a good point for which each teacher was known. Somebody was known for the exact sense of timing. Somebody was known for the beautiful board work that he or she did while explaining. Somebody was famous for the extraordinary polite way in which he dealt with students. I attended their classes just to understand how they do each one of these things well. And believe me I learnt a lot. It is not that these were perfect human beings. There is no perfect human being otherwise it will be gone. But if you concentrate on what is good in whom then here is my theory what to learn from whom is left to you. Often the mistake that we make is that we do have this kind of list in our mind. But whenever we are comparing ourselves with others we always look at deficient point in others and plus points in others. If we just look at the plus points in others and what is deficient in us is such a great opportunity to learn from them. So, my contention is you do not always need to see role models outside your own circle of movement. Of course, you should look at great role models. Of course, there is a lot of learning from them. But there is enough learning enough useful learning possible from amongst our friends. So, as I was telling you it is for us to decide what to learn from whom. The earth point I would like you to remember is to insist on quality whatever you do let it be as perfect as possible. And remember what I said quality generally will not happen by accident. In fact, very rarely it will happen by accident. Quality can happen only if you plan for it you design for it. Please try to imbue this philosophy in yourself that whatever work you decide to do whether you write a single page you will write it very well. I will tell you how long it takes to do produce even a quality later. When I was dean of resources I was required to interact with our alumna. I have been fortunate enough to have got lot of love and affection of my past students and we normally communicate regularly. But as a dean whenever I would write a letter I would send a draft to professor Sukhatne. Professor Sukhatne once told me that he never sends any important letter immediately upon drafting it once. He slips over it and if the letter is important he circulates it to two or three people. Each one suggests some modifications or corrections then he edits it finally and then he sends it. And he sends his experiences that there might be delta changes but overall the quality of that document improves significantly. I have learnt this art from professor Sukhatne and I tell you that quality takes time. But that time must be built and factored into our planning itself. I just give example of a note because it occurs to me but everything that you do please ensure that you do it to the best of quality. I have listed this as ninth point last but not the least. Be scrupulously honest. It is absolutely essential for nothing else but just for preserving your own peace of mind. Just for preserving your true recognition that you deserve in life from others. Believe me dishonesty has an uncanny way of catching up with the truth. Please do not even think of indulging into any dishonest activities. After all the researchers are senior people in the city. Younger students look forward to us as role models. If one small instance happens through our what should I say deliberate or inadvertent act it gets spread. It gets known to large number of people and they themselves then may start thinking that it is all right. It is ok. I would like to expand on this particular point as to why this happens. Why does the dishonest creep in at all? Part of the answer lies in the human cycle. A human by nature is not built to be honest and ethical. Honesty and ethics are actually society driven centre. But let me go back to the basic point. I have listed 9 points here. Are these the most important points? No. The most important point is the 0th point. Remember I mentioned is the attitude which comes in the way I will spend next 5 or 7 minutes in describing what are the problems with the attitude. Why the attitude is as it is today with all of us and what can be done about the attitude. I mentioned that we have participated in rat races right from our second standard, third standard, fifth standard. First board exam probably 8 standard. If we do not get good marks we will not get admission to good colleges rat race. If we do not get good marks in 12 standard we do not get admission to a better junior college rat race. If we do not get marks in 12 standard or competitive exam we do not get admission to IIT rat race. And this continues.  Please appreciate that recognition and academic recognition is also a rat race. I want a promotion from a lecturer to a student professor, a student professor to associate professor and so on or I simply want a recognition that so many papers have been published or I want a recognition that I have guided so many research scholars. There is a rat race perpetually at whatever level earlier when we were students we come out of that student relationship but the rat race mindset continues.   It is important to understand and appreciate this we are human beings we are not rats. So, even if we are forced to participate in rat race we shall participate as human beings with due dignity and without being affected by the rat race both for our own mental peace both for our mental strength and both for our self respect. Comparison with others which is the hallmark of a rat race will eventually stink it will not help proving better than someone else is only a temporary feeling of greatness. It will not last the moment we realize the fallacy in absolute terms. The right comparison the right comparison to be made all the way in my humble opinion is with oneself. Now here is the question I would like to ask you go back and examine all the instances of rat races that you would have participated in. Examine all the instances where you have done something and others have done something and your work was compared with them and you took a call on whether your work was better than them or was not adjust better than them and then decided whether you succeeded or did not succeed. On each such occasion the right question to ask should have been could I have done this task better. This does not involve how others have done this whether others have done this task better than what I have done or whether I have done better than others have done is of no consequence actually because I am me I am not him or her but if I were to do this task again could I do it better. How many of us actually without fail ask this question every time you do it every time I have learnt it the hard way the importance and the beauty of this question believe me every time I have asked this question could I have done it better the answer has always been yes. Why because I analyze my shortcomings and I found that I could have done it better means what I have improved by simply asking this question I am prepared now to do better why then waste our time and energy in comparing with others. Let the world come to its own conclusion but if I want to become a better researcher in fact if I want to become a better person and what better than to ask a question could I have done it better.  So all of us are winners at some places and losers at many places where accumulated baggage of losses and frustration that is all nonsense that baggage is not required and that baggage happens because we are basing the judgment of our own abilities on the comparison done by the world with rest of us. Is that the right attitude I would like to give you an example of learning a foreign language it is a difficult task some people do it well some people spend months and years together learning a course let us say in German and elementary course advanced course and so on and then are able to speak German with a little bit difficulty can read German and translate in English and so on and we say anybody who learns a foreign language is a very intelligent person. How does a child learn a foreign language do not forget that between the age of two to five every human child learns a foreign language which is later on called the mother child the child does not go to any school at that time the child does not appear for any exam the child is never compared with other children there are no certificates there are no pass or fail and yet the child learns the natural language which is later on called the mother without any of such how and why here is every child is endowed by these four fundamental characteristics by God one the curiosity child is extremely curious about everything around it. Second it has boldness child can boldly ask questions anytime to anyone in fact many times these questions are embarrassing to us elders but child lasted it is not just consider the following as the child grows up does it preserve the childhood curiosity and boldness what happens to the boldness of a child I grow up I go to the fourth standard I still boldly start asking questions the teacher says do not waste class time and I go to junior college I raise my hand twice or twice some teacher says do not ask idiotic question my boldness is suppressed I stop asking question but sadly it also suppresses my curiosity please understand that when a child asks a question to you it is actually asking itself the question that is the manifestation of the child's curiosity you suppress the boldness you suppress the curiosity. So, these important aspects of curiosity and boldness are not carried through and through by the child they exist only in the childhood. The third quality that the child has is perseverance a child never gives up after deciding on doing something no matter how many times you scold no matter how many times you say something harder the problem the child will perceive it will try 10 times 15 times do we do that when we grow up how many times we try a hard problem once and say it is not worth it we do it during our educational phase I remember a sad incidence in one of the institution that I studied I and a friend of mine went to a teacher and we asked him sir we not able to solve this problem it was problem number 27 in some problem set and sadly the teacher said oh this is not important these questions are not asked in the examination. So, unfortunately we were willing to work on that hard problem to attempt to try but we are being discouraged saying it is not part of the examination process well such thing should not happen we should encourage our students to attempt harder problems we should encourage our students to persevere and equally well if we are researchers we must build on that perseverance ourselves last but not the least a child is excitement a child is always passionate about everything it does are we so excited are we so passionate about everything that we do why I mentioned the is that curiosity boldness perseverance and excitement were built into us by God himself when we were given birth we had all of this and we used all of this to do an extraordinarily difficult logical task learning a foreign language without anybody's help after that we goofed up maybe our entire educational system or something somewhere down the line we lose part of our curiosity part of our boldness part of our persevering abilities and part of our excitement. So, my dear friends my 0th point is that discover the child in you however remember the child does not have humility and ethics as I said these are social traits built by humanity for a better and beautiful society these are as important as the fundamental traits that God has given and that is why my 0th point says rediscover the child in you and build a great human I am sorry to have elaborated on this aspect none of it is directly related to research but I do believe that all these points are very very significantly related to a research a mindset which is so fundamental in pursuing whatever research that we do I am sure that excitement and passion humility and ethics and vision and value all together will help you achieve great things in your research I will conclude by saying that we can make our life as beautiful as dew drops I have a special meaning for this word you we ordinarily understand you drops as these beautiful drops that you see on this flower this beautiful image of dew drops was sent to me by my friend Professor Vagh of MGM College in Noida when I described how beautiful these dew drops are and said for me that you means the following D is for dreaming big because our dreams limit our achievement E is for enjoying life we must enjoy life every moment of it because each moment is precious it comes only once in our lifetime never comes back so we must enjoy everything that we do not only the work not only the documentation not only the experimentation but even seeing a movie we must enjoy discussing with a friend we must enjoy fighting with a friend we must enjoy not fight very regularly every moment whatever we do we must enjoy and W is for working hard because without working hard we cannot create history so dream big enjoy life work hard make sure that a great research mindset is imbibed on all of you any two of these three is not an option it is like an IIT exam where all questions are compulsory I will conclude by giving an unsolicited advice you as researchers have to be the change agent for this nation I will again repeat that this nation itself is an extraordinary experience in the world there is no other nation which has so much of diversity we have all major ethnicities in this nation we have all major religions in this nation we have all major languages in this nation and as an added attraction we have developed a great expertise in fighting with each other on each of these issues and yet for 60 years we have survived as a strong sovereign nation against the thinking of many other nations in the world and we shall continue to do so primarily because there is some common thread some common thread of humanity some common thread of what may grossly be called an Indian culture that binds us all and that binding if it has to take us up further then in the next century which is going to be knowledge driven century which means that the wealth generating mechanisms of this century are going to be based on knowledge a lot will depend upon what you and your colleagues do through your research endeavours to enhance the knowledge levels to contribute to the new knowledge to contribute to new discovery and invention which will make human life better and please remember it is stated that India has the second largest scientific and technical workforce in the world and yet our contributions to science and technology in the world are not even two percent so please remember that numbers or quantity alone is never ever sufficient it is the quality in every number that when enhanced to a significant level that the contributions acquire a punch please help build a great nation for all of us thank you so much God bless you.


While many Minnesotans are excited about the heavy snowfall the area has seen in recent weeks, it has caused some problems for the owners of one local greenhouse. On New Year's Eve, an employee at Erickson's greenhouse in Brainerd got to work and discovered that the roof of one of the greenhouses had collapsed. The greenhouse is designed to prevent collapses from snowfall, but the amount of snow that accumulated in a short amount of time was just too much for the system to deal with. It was just winter happening, a little bit too much too fast. Usually we get in and keep the snow off and that type of thing, but it just came so fast that we were so busy removing it all everywhere that pretty soon it just caught up and then we got that extra five, six inches and that was all she wrote. The owners estimate that there is at least $10,000 worth of structural damage to the greenhouse. Luckily, the only plants that were located inside the collapsed portion were left over Christmas trees. Parts of the greenhouse were brand new, including the collapsed plastic roofing, and unfortunately they did not expect insurance to cover the damages. It just got too much too fast and it wasn't coming through the holes that we put up for it and it cracked a couple beams and this was all, got all bent and the wall over here that we remodeled cracked some beams too, so you know most of it was like freshly done so it's just something that unfortunately happens when you get too much snow. First plan to have the greenhouse repaired and up and running in time for their spring plant around March 1st. If you enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News, please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to Lakeland PBS.


The study found that one third of 10-year-old Dunedin, New Zealand school children needed mandatory orthodontic treatment based on the Dental Aesthetic Index, DAI, while the remaining children were almost equally divided into other treatment-need groups. Crouting and spacing in at least one incisor segment and a molar occlusion other than angle class, one were common among the children, with more children needing orthodontic treatment than older children in studders using the DAI.