I'll start off by giving myself, giving you a quick introduction about myself. My name is Robert Vandonga. I'm the sales lead at IntellectU, or at least that's the main hat that I'm wearing most of the time. The other hat that I tend to wear about 20, 30% of the rest of my time is the project management hat, and that's mostly then on client projects working, mostly in the financial services industry, leveraging hyperledger fabric. I'd like to hear that there's, glad to see that there's some people commenting, so that's great to see. So I'll give a quick introduction about IntellectU. IntellectU is a digital finance organization, technology organization, globally active, and mostly focusing on the financial services industry. We started back in 2006 as more of a traditional technology integration company, working mainly with SWIFT, the global financial messaging organization, and then throughout the years grew that expertise up until 2014, where we started with a small R&D team looking into blockchain technology. And that team grew and grew up until where we are today, June, June, 2021, with a team of over 60 people in the blockchain team, blockchain and AI, I should say, and a tiny, tiny sparkle of quantum computing as well, but I won't dive too deep into that. So it's the focus of our five-year journey using hyperledger fabric. So IntellectU is one of the founding members of the Hyperledger Initiative under the Linux Foundation back in 2016. And for this session for the 30 or 28, 27 minutes that we have here today, I split it up in four sections. So I'll first talk about a bit the early days of working with blockchain technology and more specifically with hyperledger fabric. So that's 2016, 2017. Then I'll follow that by talking a little bit more about how to scale solution or at least how IntellectU experienced that. So that's 2017, 2018. And following that, a production-ready solution. So really focusing on 2018 up until today. And then lastly, I'll talk a bit about Catalyst blockchain platform, which really is the amalgamation of all the expertise and experience that we've gained over the last five years working with different blockchain protocols. And also if I interrupt myself, apologies in advance, it's hay fever season and I sadly am one of its victims. All right, so the early days, research and development, proof of value, proof of concept, experimentation in a void and treading uncharted waters. So as I mentioned, the timeline here is 2016, 2017. The IntellectU blockchain team, which grew from the R&D team to a team of about 10 people within that timeline. The team was really encouraged to experiment with different protocols, really engage with all the different blockchain technologies that are out there. During that time, we worked mostly with hyperledger fabric 0.6, with Ripple, with Ethereum-based protocols and with Corda. And actually fun fact there, we were one of the, if not the first organization to integrate with the Ripple net. So interesting tidbit there. And the blockchain tribe at IntellectU focused mainly on proof of concepts and proof of values. You can see we did, I've listed here three POCs that we did for clients and I'll dive a little bit deeper into the first two. So a trade matching and reconciliation system, a KYC data synchronization system. And then lastly, we also did an early POC on central bank digital currency with a central bank and a stock exchange. So treading the uncharted waters. 2016, 2017, what's the global situation look like? A bit of a hype train around distributed ledger technologies. As you can see on the graph below here of interest over time of blockchain from Google trends worldwide. You can see that the timeline within 2016, 2017 really started or kickstarted that DLT hype train, that blockchain hype train. And of course, with that much hype around new technologies also comes a certain level of skepticism. I know back then a lot of my friends called blockchain the solution, looking for a problem. I'm probably not the first one to have heard that back then. And I'm glad to say that today it's no longer no longer a solution looking for a problem. So what did we, how did we experience that at IntellectU in 2016 and 2017 was really focusing on experimenting with the different technologies in a void. So really not taking into account any non-functional requirements of paying attention to scalability, reliability, privacy, deployability, interoperability, et cetera, but really just familiarize with the different technologies that are out there. And so that's what it really was. It was technology driven, not so much use case driven or business driven, which that came with a certain level of misalignment between the business expectations and the technology and how far that could live up to those expectations. And at that first stage, 2016, 2017, there was a bit of a slow growing adoption. It was growing, but it was slow oftentimes because while you're working with multi-party solutions, so multi-party consortiums and consortia are most often built on business relationships. So with that misalignment between the technology and the business that was there in the early days, of course, the adoption was still relatively slow. So I'll dive a bit deeper into two of the use cases that we did back in 2016, 2017. One of them is together with Talindus. Talindus is one of the leaders in the IT and telecom services in Luxembourg. And so their challenge was that they were looking for a solution that enabled reconciliation, matching and resolution of different transactions. So together with Talindus, our back then relatively small team of about 10 people worked hard to work on a proof of concept which we delivered for Talindus that really focused on rendering the transactions more fast, cheaper and more effective. So this was really an interesting proof of concept. It was back before I joined Intellect2U. I've been at the company for about a year and a half now, but it was definitely interesting to see the POC and to talk with some of the early employees of the blockchain team that worked on the proof of concept. Then secondly, a second proof of concept that we did was for KBC Bank. Their challenge was that they were having or they were at least looking for a solution to optimize the synchronization and reconciliation of know your customer data between the different branches of KBC Bank. So we worked together with KBC. We built out that proof of concept using Hyperledger 0.6 and that was also a really interesting learning experience for the team. Moving on to scaling solutions. So we'll talk a bit about the growing adoption of blockchain and how Intellect2U experienced scaling DLT solutions. Timing here, as I mentioned, 2017, 2018, our blockchain team grew from about 10 employees to over 25. And as you see, the different protocols that we use during that time is smaller. And this is because we started to really focus on the protocols that we thought were going to be the winners, so to speak, in blockchain adoption. Being at Hyperledger Fabric back then, it was 1.0 and 1.4, R3's Corda, both the open source and the full-skilled solution of Corda, as well as digital asset modeling language. And so the importance, the really crucial parts of this timeline was really the virtualization and containerization and other methods of abstraction that became more and more widely adopted, which really resulted in blockchain technology, as well, at least enterprise blockchain technology, as well being more and more adopted, right? Using Kubernetes, Docker, as these methods of abstraction really eased and lowered the barrier to adoption for blockchain technologies. In terms of the industry shifts, we saw that whereas in 2016, it was more so technology focused, right? What are the different protocols out there? How do we use them? How do you write chain code and go? How do you work with multi-party systems? Shift from that technology focus to being more business and use case focused. As I mentioned earlier, it moved away from a solution looking for a problem, which some people say blockchain might've been to identifying the specific business cases and use cases for which distributed ledger technology can add value. And this really had an upward spiraling effect. We saw that more and more organizations focused specifically on distributed ledger technology popped up, they were getting more and more funding, and it really created that upward spiraling effect that resulted in the growth of adoption of blockchain technology. Another industry shift that we saw was moving away from the why use blockchain to moving to the how use blockchain. So that really relates well with the business and use case focus as opposed to the technology focus. And of course, if you're moving to that how to use distributed ledger technology, there is going to be a lot of different organizations, a lot of different people throughout the world that take different approaches, which again in itself, it increased the complexity quite a bit. And what we saw at IntellectU was really what worked well was knowledge sharing. So people now knew and touched with different distributed ledger technologies. Now they wanted more information, workshops, what use cases are there, what trainings are there. And that for IntellectU was also a bit of a tipping point moving away from being a purely technology focused organization to a more holistic organization that could help these different organizations identifying which might be the protocol for their specific use case, et cetera. So two use cases that we worked on during the 2017, 2018 timeline. The first one is Bucky. For Bucky, we worked together with the studio, which is the innovation venture of Belfi's Bank, one of Belgium's leading retail bank. And together with the studio, we found a solution for the challenge that they had identified being it that students are increasingly going to school by car, which results in extra traffic jams and reduced air quality and just the general physical security. So at the same time, schools and cities, we're trying to incentivize these students to exercise more and focus more on sustainability. So together with the studio, we built a solution called Bucky, which is a mobility solution that incentivizes students to go to school by bicycle or on foot. And they're incentivized with Bucky tokens, which are tokens that are backed one-on-one with fiat currency by an e-money license. And these tokens can then be used at a local fair or local merchants by the children that are incentivized to go to school by car, by foot or by bike. And this form of gamification has increased, has successfully increased the bicycle usage by over 200% and is today being used by over 25 Belgian cities. A second use case is my waste. So again, working together with the studio, Belfius Innovation Venture, the challenge that they had identified was that the amount of waste being produced by the citizens of Belgian municipalities, it has been negatively impacting the environment. Of course, this is a global problem. We're all aware of this. And people today are not as aware of their waste production as they should be. While the concept of smart bins, smart containers became increasingly prevalent. So therefore my waste, the solution that we built, makes it possible to really measure the weight and frequency of each garbage collection. And so to make these citizens of these municipalities more aware of their waste production and to incentivize them more to recycle and to reuse, my waste introduced a token, again backed by fiat currency, that rewards end users for their ecological sustainability efforts. And these tokens can then be spent at local merchants on green or ecological products. Now the third and the last phase of the timeline, I shall say, is that a production ready solution, how to build that, the DevOps challenge, different use cases, different approaches, and the IT infrastructure. So 2018, up until today, June, 2021, our blockchain tribe has grown to be over 60 people large, globally active, focusing mainly on the protocols, hyperledger fabric being at 2.3, Kordak, Kordak Enterprise and Open Source, Damol and Catalyst Blockchain Platform. And I'll talk a little bit about Catalyst at the end of the presentation. So the industry shift that we saw here was that at first the shift happened from a technology focused approach to a use case and a business focused approach. And now in this time, we really moved away from that business and use case focused approach to really a holistic approach. So really making sure that the technology, the business and use case and the IT infrastructure are all aligned. And there the collaboration is really at the center of building a production ready solution. You're working with multi-parties, you have to collaborate to make it happen. And this is something that has been a challenge, still is a challenge. Of course, organizations throughout the world have not been working that closely, that intensely together as they are today with distributed ledger technologies. And here I really want to give a shout out to hyperledger as the community around hyperledger really is the power of the greenhouse and all the products within the hyperledger greenhouse. And I think that's a really admirable community and project and just ecosystem that they've built around that. So I respect that quite a bit. And specifically on use cases that we see have been gaining more traction. Of course, we have a bit of the filter of working mainly in financial services industry, but the use cases that we see are popping up more and more around programmable payments and central bank digital currency. So here we see throughout the world, there's collaboration between the private and public sector on proof of concepts, research projects, working groups, just like our three CBDC working group that happened a couple months ago and real life project implementations. There's quite a few live central bank digital currencies today like the sand dollar, some of them working with distributed ledger technology, others not so much. And also what we see is this new market places popping up in the financial industry. So thanks to distributed ledger technology. So whether that's in the insurance space or reinsurance space, in the commodity space, trade finance, really combining that with distributed ledger technology and multi-party workflows, multi-party smart contracts. Now more specifically for intellect to you within that timeline. So today we've done over 40 different blockchain protocols, mainly using hyperledger fabric, Corda and Dammel. And we really take the approach of focusing on the use case and then deciding on which protocol we're using to underpin for the solution. And as you can see here, there's two more use cases that I want to talk about and I'll do that in just a second. So we have the first one here, Circlo. Circlo is the third use case that we've worked with the studio for. And here the challenge was that end customers are buying their goods online more and more so. We see that today with local merchants like smaller mom and pop shops being left behind. And existing solutions, although there are quite some significant and impactful solutions today like Shopify, but existing solutions today really are not fully ready for that digital change, which creates a lot of challenges for the municipalities and the local merchants within these municipalities. And additionally, we've seen in the last 18 months that the impact of the coronavirus really shouldn't be underestimated as cities are continuously looking for ways to boost the local economies. We see some governments are preferring the approach of helicopter money, which might or might not work as well if you're trying to boost local economy specifically. And so Circlo, what the platform aim to do was it aim to enable citizens to buy and spend local tokenized gift vouchers powered by Hyperledger Fabric, which removes the reconciliation challenge which leverages smart contract rules and validations to determine where these specific gift vouchers can be spent. And today Circlo has been adopted by over 30 cities in Belgium with over 13 million euros being tokenized, which are put in escrow in a bank account while in circulation. So fully backed one-on-one by the euro. And then the second reuse case I want to talk about, and I think it's one of the most powerful ones that we've been working on over the last few years with Intellect2U is CUBE, which stands for KYC utility for banks and enterprises, KYC being know your customer data. So for this project, we've worked together with Isabel. Isabel is Belgium's largest fintech, offering different services, financial services to banks and corporates, including multi-banking services, accounting tools, et cetera. And Isabel is owned by the four largest banks in Belgium, being that KBC, Belfius, BMP Paribas, and ING. And the challenge that they had identified is that although know your customer processes are really critical processes for banks, given the increasingly strict anti-money laundering rules, the procedures that underpin these processes remain very manual and labor intensive and are oftentimes not quick, not fast, not efficient. So these banks need to identify, need to verify all their clients, need to keep that data up to date. And since the majority of corporates have bank accounts at more than one different bank, the collaboration between the banks could significantly reduce the costs related to onboarding and KYC data upkeep, as well as improve the customer experience. So the solution here at CUBE is the first decentralized corporate know your customer platform in the EU, which allows the sharing of verified KYC data, both on onboarding processes and data updates between the four banks that I just mentioned, as well as Isabel, which results in quicker clients onboarding and improved compliance. So lastly, Catalyst Blockchain Platform. As I mentioned earlier, Catalyst Blockchain Platform really brings together all the experience and expertise that we've gained over the last five years in working with different distributed ledger technologies. And the challenges that we've seen when working with these solutions, we really containerize them, sorry for the joke, in three different sections. So first one being a deployment and setup, the second one maintenance, and the third one, the management of your networks. With regards to deployment, it's oftentimes a lengthy and manual process to set up your blockchain network, and it oftentimes also requires high levels of expertise. With regards to the maintenance, it's quite a manual process, lots of manual scripting, reactive processes, and it requires quite significant resources from the teams. And then lastly, management, the management of your networks, the network governance, it often still happens centralized, unfortunately, as we see today, and there's few options available to perform your management of your network on chain. Now, what we have done with Catalyst's blockchain platform is we've made this setup and the deployments quick through automated processes. So instead of having to manually script everything, we've built a user interface that easily allows you to set up a network, add organizations, add nodes, your ordering service, et cetera, and really abstracted away all the technical aspects related to the deployment of a network, specifically here for Hyperledger Fabric. In terms of maintenance, we've integrated some open source tools that allow you to really quickly monitor, you can also forward the logs of your monitoring system to any existing monitoring tools that you might already have in your tech stack, and really, again, automate a lot of these processes with auto recovery failover mechanisms, which allows your blockchain team to free up time, to not anymore spend a significant amount of their time maintaining existing networks, but instead they can build value-adding applications on top of these networks. And then lastly, in terms of the management, we've added some fully decentralized on-chain governance models, which allows you to create end-to-end platform for managing your network and all the different policy configurations. So some of the main features of Catalyst's blockchain platform, it's fully Kubernetes-based. As I mentioned, as long as your infrastructure supports Kubernetes or OpenShift, that means you can deploy Catalyst's blockchain platform. And we also really took the approach of being cloud agnostic. So whether you want to deploy part of your nodes in your network on cloud and parts on premises, bare metal, whether you want to have different cloud providers for different nodes, different organizations, each organization that's part of the network might have their own cloud service provider or in-house data centers, no problem. As long as it supports Kubernetes or OpenShift, you can deploy your network using Catalyst's blockchain platform. We've also integrated some enterprise-grade security functionalities, integration with HSMs, with HashiCorp Vault, with Kubernetes Secrets, all to control the access to your security materials and your digital entities. And then lastly, of course, we see some of the clients we have today, they request support. So we also have 12 hours a week support, as well as 24 seven support for all Catalyst's blockchain platform components and all hyperledger fabric components. I wanted to give you a demo of the solution, but since we're already almost out of time, I'll show you these screenshots. So here you see the orderers, the section around orderers, so you can deploy your network, modify the setup completely within the user interface. So within a matter of clicks, you can add or remove a peer, you can modify your ordering service, set up a new channel, add an organization of one of your partners to a specific channel, et cetera. And around chain codes as well. So all the usual stuff in terms of chain code management, updating, et cetera, you can all do that straight from the user interface. You see there's a red dot next to the Q&A. So do you help build blockchain-based solutions for early stage startups for free or there will be any commercials involved? So there we typically take the approach of looking at that from a client per client perspective. So we've done that in the past. There's definitely room to identify that, any opportunities there. So feel free to reach out to me. I see that was the only question, maybe a question from me to the audience here. I know this wasn't the most technical demo, it was more business-focused, but in terms of having worked with different distributed ledger technologies or specifically with hyperledger fabric, what were some of the challenges that you've seen that you thought were interesting to tackle or maybe haven't tackled fully yet when working with distributed ledger technologies? Feel free to respond in chat or in the Q&A. Using Kubernetes versus Docker. All right, that's an interesting one. I'll be happy to come back to you on that one, as I mentioned, I'm not the most technical person. Definitely not in the session here, but also not at our company. So feel free to reach out to me and I'll be able to connect you with one of our technical geniuses. Okay, you did that, okay, all right, understand. All right, I see that we're almost at 10 to the hour. So appreciate everyone's time. I hope that I've added some interest to the Hyperledger Fabric Global Forum. If you have any questions, do feel free to reach out to me or if you want to connect, feel free to do that. Appreciate your time and enjoy the rest of the coming Hyperledger Global Forum.


Yeah, I've always been a good scorer all my life. But really, just my mindset really changed in the eighth grade. I just had that killer mindset to keep scoring, keep scoring. Because when I was younger, I would get 20 points easy, then I would just back off and let my other teammates try to get their points and stuff. I would just fade off in the corner and just be chilling. But I really got the mindset to keep attacking, keep going in eighth grade. So I probably say my mindset is the main thing that changed for me to be the bugger that I am right now. And obviously, the EYBL stuff, that all that's cool. LSU, that's cool. I really average 25 at LSU, but I got hurt in one game in the first minute of the game, the first two minutes. So I don't know why people put that 23. It's really 25, but it's all good. It's all good. Do you feel like you still have that chip on your shoulder still going 27? Because it's just funny, like, listening to how people use to talk when you're coming out to drive. Do everybody knows your bucket? I don't really understand why people are like, oh yeah, we know he's going to score 20, but he still goes to 27. Does that not make sense to you too? Like, thinking about it? Of course. But obviously, I feel like it's just me talking about myself. I feel like the goalpost always moves from everything I watch. Like when people now score all these points, it's all praise. But when I used to do it, score all the points, it's always a knock. Oh, he can't play defense. Oh, he doesn't pass. But when I see other people doing the same thing, it's praise. So obviously, the goalpost moves, but me being me, I don't care. I don't really look at stuff like that. I just know what I do and what I bring to a team and how I was appreciating on the team. So really just staying true to myself and not letting, you know, trolls or anything get in my head about stuff like that. So, but yeah, obviously, you know, the draft, obviously, I still play with that check on my shoulder for sure, even now.  No matter who the team. So just try to show everybody they made a mistake. But, you know, it is what it is. Everybody made their decisions. But I just want to keep helping Brooklyn win and keep doing the right thing. So that's it.


Nope so go ahead where are we left off? Do you wait until the tape is rolling? What? Let's do Wednesday. I don't know. I don't know. I don't know. It's your job to look. I just accept it when it comes to me. All right, we finished a week and a half ago, two weeks ago, with the work energy equation. So we're going to take it from there. A huge chance to do much with it, so we'll do a little bit more with it today. And also then there's some special cases, just like there were some special constant acceleration type cases that changed some of the way we approach the things. It's the same truth here with the work energy equation. Do you remember what the work energy equation is? Joe got the easy part. Joe's got the work part. Changing kinetic energy. If we do some work on something, we might change its speed. We can either speed it up if we're working in the same direction it's already moving anyway. Or if we work against the direction it's moving, we can decrease its kinetic energy, slow it down as it breaks too. But we can do other things if we do some work on it. What else? What symbols I use for potential energy? Some folks use a V. Some use a P for potential. I forbid we do something simple and direct like that. That just means that we can raise or lower something, too, by doing some work on it. And one last piece. Patrick, do you want to go for that piece? That's it? That's very disappointing. What did you do over a spring break that puts you in such a downward mode? Do you want to try again? Change in? I'm just going to do it. I see. Even Len's smiling. I kind of wanted to. Yeah. Okay, we'll come back to you then. Samantha is a pillow way up. Smile on the bed. Well, let's go over each of the pieces first. Make sure we've got those. How do we calculate the work done? What? I heard something. It has to do with some of the forces or the net forces acting on something. Because each force could do its own little bit of work. There might even be forces working against each other. That's what we have to do against friction to get things to move. Sort of. Not times. What does that do for us? Do you remember? We don't actually have to calculate the dot product. Because there's probably more direct ways to come up with what we need from it. But that does work then for any vectors you've got. And it certainly gives us the result we need to have in here. What does that do for us? That dot product? It makes sure that the amount of force that we're applying. So let's say the resultant force is something simple like that. Or it might be that there's only one force. And so by default it's the net force that's acting on the object. It makes sure that only the component in the same direction that we be moving is contributing to the work that we calculate. The other component of that force, in this case the vertical component, is doing no work. It's contributing nothing to the calculation of the work. It doesn't mean it doesn't affect the problem. It most certainly can't. For example, this force down would increase the normal force up. And a greater normal force is going to increase the friction force. If the friction force goes up, then this net force is going to change because it's part of the calculation, part of the contribution to the work. This isn't quite complete. What else? Integral. That's what this DS business is. So we'll integrate from point one to point two. That's what this subscript here reminds us. And this allows us then to handle the fact that forces can change with position. Maybe you push for a little while. You're starting to get tired. Your force drops a little bit. Buddy comes in to help. That force goes up then. Could be you're pushing across two different types of floors with a friction would change in certain positions. It handles any of those. In effect, we'll do a problem with that just after this. For most of our problems, though, that force is constant. And then it comes out of the integral. And the dot product could probably reduce to something like that. For most of the problems. So like most of the things we're doing, there are some simplifications we can make to keep this stuff going as we learn our way through it. And then each step as you go through it gets a little bit more complicated as you mature through the subject. If you do happen to have a graph of force with position, it could change continuously. That integral then is the area under the force time graph if you happen to have that. I think we didn't have a couple of problems with just that. That's the left-hand side of the equation. What forces go in here? Any and every force in the problem? Or just certain forces? I need maybe even a little bit different word. Remember to get to moving it from S1. Of course, but that is to be taken care of automatically with that. So I don't need to say. Well, the thing I'm getting at is there's force involved here. The force of gravity is involved here. But I don't put that calculation in here. In here we have springs involved in this problem. So they exert forces. But I don't put that calculation in here. What is it about these two forces that means that they don't contribute to this side of the equation? And there was a specific word I used to label those, if you remember. Over here, these are work being done by non-conservative forces. And these two involve conservative forces. How do you tell the difference? How do you go home and tell your mom and your dad the difference between conservative and non-conservative forces when every time you talk to your dad about politics, his eyes look out and the veins in his neck start to leave. You can't even talk to him about it anymore. Is it like that at all? There's a very easy way to tell the difference between the two as it would mean to you in either applying those forces or having to work within some of those forces. Philip, you remember? All forces are vectors. These don't have quite the vector quality to them because, for one, this only acts up and down because that's the direction of the gravitational field. And this acts just merely, it has to do with how long the spring is, but it still comes from the forces the springs exert. Joey, you remember? He said something like, non-conservative is like pushing a box. That's exactly it. Non-conservative forces. If you turn the problem around and bring it back to the starting place, you don't get back to the same place you were with non-conservative forces. That usually things are even worse. If you push against friction across the floor, you turn around, you want to push back. If you double the friction that you've had to work against, you went twice as far now. The friction didn't care which way you were going. It's bad no matter which way you're going. You can't get that kind of force back to where it was. Gravitational force, if something's low, we raise it and lower it back down. Gravity is exactly the same as it was before. There's no change in the earth. There's no change in the gravitational pull. There's nothing different. Same with springs. We stretch them out a certain distance in a problem. We stretch back to the original length. They're exactly the same as they were before for all our intensive purposes. These things we can recover. These things are conserved. These things are non-conservative. No matter what we do, we lose what we do there. And it gets even worse as we try to get back. So that's the difference there. Be careful. Don't count the weight over here. The weight's being counted for over there. Remember the K? Give it to me real quick. Remember K? That's change in. So it's K2 minus K1. Remember the Ks? You'll remember when we say them. What's kinetic energy? V squared. So this is 1 half MV2 minus 1 half MV1 squared. Be careful. Students very commonly don't write that out. And if V2 happens to be zero, if it's a problem where we bring the object to a stop, if V2 happens to be zero, you've got to make sure this minus sign is still there. So be careful with this. Students a lot of times just write 1 half MV squared because one or the other of them is zero and they lose that minus sign. So be careful with that. Delta UG. Change in gravitational potential energy. Remember the form of that one? Almost. MG delta H. It's kind of like vectors. If you have vectors in one place, they're not on the other than they can't be equal. This is the same thing with these delta signs. We have something changing here. We have to have a change here. Students very often leave off that H. It doesn't lead to the kind of problem that it does in the other one necessarily. But leave it in because it is a change in the height that's important, not the height itself. How do we find delta UE? Change in, of course. And either of those, or even both, could be zero. Remember how to find that? How's it getting in it? Because that tells us how strong this spring is. It has to do with that, too. One half. FK times del. Yeah, one half K. Del 2 squared minus del 1 squared. What was that definition of del? The book uses X. A lot of books do. I don't like to use X there because that X could be different than the X used for position in the problem as a whole. Remember what was the definition of that del? Turn them up a foot there. The change in length of the spring limits equilibrium length from its rest length, the very length it had when you took it out of the box. Notice it doesn't care what angle the spring is pointing. It doesn't matter if it's pointing diagonally or not. It just matters whether or not it's been stretched or compressed. Either one of those situations can make del non-zero. All these terms are either equal or added together so they all have the same units. Remember what the units were in the SI system for this equation? For each one of these terms individually? Newton meters. Most easily seen from this work term because that's force times distance. But each of the other ones, and it's not as easy to see them, but we did work through it, each of the other ones are also going to have units of Newton meters. It's a good chance in these problems when you're working on the individual pieces here to check the units and the minus signs to make sure that they make sense in the problem. Another name for a Newton meter jewel, just so you recognize it, capital J. Though if you don't put that, I'm not going to take off. Because I usually stop at different meters myself. Okay, so let's do, I told you there were a couple of special classes. They don't really change how you work with the equation, but it is a different situation in terms of really what's going on. So we'll take a problem here that we've done before, and we'll do it with the work energy equation. So imagine we've got a 3.5 kilogram ball. Given some initial velocity, they're just bounced off of the table and is now starting on its way back up, or whether it's been thrown or shot or something, I don't care, that doesn't matter to me. Rises to a height of 120 meters. Using the work energy equation, find out what V1 is. All right, so we're kind of warm enough from coming back from spring break. So let's do this one together, because there's a couple things in here we need to know about. But the work energy equation, all four parts of it. First thing you do after you've written it down is go and look at those things and see if there's any one of them you can get rid of. If you can, the problem's already getting smaller and smaller. Smaller problems are easier to do than big problems. Any of these problems, zero, is work, the work term, zero. It either is or it isn't. It's as simple as that. However, it's not subject to a democratic vote. But it either is or it isn't. It doesn't mean we can't vote to see what the opinions are. But I heard somebody say, no, it's not zero. Anybody say yes, it is zero. Remember, this is work done by, by what? Unconservative forces. Those forces where somebody reaches in, pushes, pulls, certainly where there's friction. So if the work term is not zero, that means there are forces you can tell me about that are doing work. What are they? You guys who said, yeah, the work term, no, the work term is not zero, tell me what the forces are. Why isn't gravity? Gravity is a conservative force. We take care of it over here. We don't want to count for it twice. We only want to count for it once. So what forces are there doing non-conservative work? No wind resistance. Wow, there will be tomorrow in lab when we do realistic refall. Kinetic force? Want to take that back? Remember, all forces in these problems that we do in this class are caused by something you can point to. I can go and touch. I can see it. I can't see kinetic. So there can't be such a thing as kinetic forces. There are no non-conservative forces in this problem. So that term is zero. Our problem is already 25% smaller. Is there a change in speed? No, I had some yeses. Yeah, there is. It starts with some speed. In fact, we need to find that. What's the speed here? Yeah, that's how we know it got up to 120 meters. When it gets up to there, it stops. That's what marks the speed we needed to get up to there. I didn't want it to go farther. I didn't want it to go less. So, not only is this not zero, do we know if it's negative or positive? It's very straightforward to look at. If the kinetic energy increases, this will be positive. The only way the kinetic energy can increase is if the object speeds up or slows down? Speeds up. Is it speeding up? It's slowing down. It's got good kick of speed here. It doesn't have any speed here. So, we know that this is going to be then negative. So, we know that already. We know it's not zero. We also know it's going to be negative. So, we can check this as we go along so we don't screw it up. We lose the negative signs. We lose the squares. We lose the units. Things are going to square up because it's got kinetic energy at the start. It has none at the finish because it actually comes to a stop up here at the 120 meters. I said I wanted to get up here. I don't want it to go farther. I don't want it to go less. I need to go right there. We know that's going to be there because that's where it comes to a stop. And it starts to fall back down. Didn't ask about that. Is this zero? Anytime there's a change in height in a relational field that's not zero and of course there is no, there is a change in height. Is that positive or negative? Positive.  So, we know that one's positive. Non-zero and we know it's positive. So, we haven't done how old I get in the problem just getting smaller and smaller and smaller. There's hardly anything to do. I'll come. There's no spring in the problem. Problems half the size it was when we started even less because we already got that minus sign and plus sign business. This is a special situation. It doesn't really affect it in terms of what we do, but it is a special situation in terms of what the physics is going on. In the absence of outside forces by outside I mean nobody's reaching in to give a push or a pull. There's no dragging friction going on. I don't mean there's no weight because we're taking care of that over there. So, it doesn't even matter if there's gravitational pull or not. We take care of that elsewhere. In the absence of outside forces that work term is zero. Like it is in this example then that side was also zero because they're equal, but this is zero and that's all zero. This is known as the conservation of energy. Energy, conservation of whatever energy we started the problem with we finished with. No more energy comes into or out of the problem. In fact, it tells you that only outside forces can bring energy in to a problem or can take energy out of a problem. All that's going to happen here is energy is going to go from one of these to the other. But the total amount of energy is going to stay the same. The change in energy itself the total we're talking about mechanical energy I'm not including thermal energy. I'm not including chemical energy or nuclear energy or nobody here. Oh yeah Alan has a mustache. So whatever energy he stores in is a mustache from lunch. That's all there. Whatever energy we start the problem with we finish with. The only way energy gets inner out of a problem our problem is by the application of forces of some kind. Did you just get back last night Mike? Been back for a while? I'm going to go over in the lab and take a nap there. Drive and fill nuts. I'm afraid you're going to have a head going to drop back and knock them out. So we happen to have a problem where energy is conserved because there's no non-conservative forces in this problem. However in terms of what we do with it nothing is any different. So let's look at these term by term that way. We can make sure the units are right if we have m v2 squared minus v1 squared. Any part of that zero. Yeah v2 is zero. That's the deal up here. When it reaches that point it has no speed. That's zero. And in fact there's the minus sign we need because every other term is positive. That's the only place our minus sign is coming from. We can put it artificially but we do want to make sure it's there. And right there's our minus sign. So we can put in the terms we know. We're looking for v1 and I'll bring the minus sign out in the front there now. And that's how we're going to find the v1 right there. That's what we're asked to find. What are the units on that? What are the units on delta K? What must the new unit be for that term to be Newton meters or joules? If v1 is in meters per second this will be in Newton meters. If v1 is in anything else that wouldn't be Newton meters. And we want Newton meters on each of the terms. Well it doesn't have to be Newton meters but it does have to be the same thing on each of the terms. What's 3.5 divided by 1.75? That was a small little problem to do so it was pretty easy to keep screwing it up. The only other term we have on the problem was delta UG that's MGH sorry, MG delta H let's see M was 3.5 right there. What do we put in for G? 9.81 meters per second squared however G is acting down. G is always acting down that's where the earth is. G is down. That's a picture right there of the earth. Have I said that before? Nobody wants to stumble in for that one and have a negative in here. Nobody? Tyler? Volunteer? Not for that one. Volunteer for something exciting. What's delta H? It's going higher, this height is increasing. Are the units there okay? 3.5 meters so that's going to be okay. Who's got that number for me? 41.20 back together we had 0 on the left hand side minus 1.75 V1 squared we know that V has got to be in meters per second that's the only way all this is going to work out we've already checked it plus 41.20 that's an easy problem to solve. See how small the problem got? What's V1? 48.5 meters per second alright wait a second something wrong down's not positive that's positive because we're going against the gravitational field so it doesn't matter what we call up or down that's against the gravitational field so it's greater in height that's got to be that's considered automatically a plus then why is this 0? What could go in here in a problem like this? If this was a real problem that we were doing over in the lab assuming the lab was 120 meters high if this was a real problem what we were doing would this term really be 0? What would be in there? Okay I said that and I said yeah we are so this is really a free fall problem isn't it? Remember doing free fall problems about a month and a half ago we started them I think back when you were physics students this high how come? Mass did not matter I haven't even mentioned mass yet in class when we did free fall problems and now mass matters how can we do free fall problems where mass matters now before we were doing free fall problems mass didn't matter we need to go back and start the term over from the beginning because everything's been wrong it's still the same problem though it's still a free fall problem where mass didn't matter I've never even mentioned mass by the time we did free fall problems what did you say Phil? I said we've already got final velocity what do you mean? yeah we've already got final velocity at 0 that doesn't mean this is a free fall problem instead of putting the numbers in let's just use the equations work equals 0 change in kinetic energy with one half m v2 squared minus v1 squared don't even have to put any numbers in yet plus mg delta h is 0 so that's our work energy equation isn't it what happens if we divide through by mass divide through by m doesn't matter doesn't matter what the mass is so this is still truly a free fall problem where mass doesn't matter but if we were doing this as a rocket ship problem when maybe we're neglecting air resistance but we're having mass lost because fuel's being burned and spewed out the back we could still handle the fact that there was no air resistance but we could handle the fact that the mass itself was changing it'd be a more complicated problem but we could do it but it still is a free fall problem it doesn't matter it's just we didn't see that in here because we had the mass in and it actually would divide out as we did the problem I guess when you solve for v1 here you don't see it but the mass divides out and you can do that again that's one of our free fall problems we'll get exactly that same answer okay that was just a warm up problem got our first look at conservation of energy but it doesn't really change the problem we still calculated the same way we'll we'll do another look at the conservation of energy in a little bit here let's see let's do this and this I decide do I want to make it hard or easy what is it with you want hard yeah oh easy oh that simple oh that simple alright well maybe I'll even it's a big stretch here if it's hard enough here's your problem up a 13 degree slope this creek I'm being generous but I'm going to say that you can push with 42 newtons 42 alien but you guys remember initial velocity meters per second so it's already moving when we come upon the problem here some time later up here it's now moving two meters per second I labeled that 0.3 I called that v3 because there's something going on in between at a point 8 meters from the fin from the start 7 meters from the finish the uh to a much rougher surface a nice slippery 0.12 would that be kinetic or static kinetic because the box is moving over the surface of the hillside there friction up here is 0.36 alright let's see if I have all the boxes more massive than that then it won't even be going this 2 meters per second up here if it's less massive than that it'll be going over that 2 meters per second so we needed to arrive up there at the top with 2 meters per second speed to it that's your get out of class question now energy equation will work real nice with this because it's a position dependent problem if I were you I'd work the little pieces of the work energy equation one at a time especially since that makes it easier for me to help you know if one of them went wrong if you put them all together in one equation you can do it but it's going to be hard for me to look at it and say which part went wrong because usually what happens is you make one mistake not not many if you want to just for reference if you think you need to this point one that point three this point in the middle we can call point two if you want the numbers don't matter they're just arbitrary as long as you're doing the deltas between the right points at the right time you're okay oh man that's life taking units no stinking units units for sissies good problem here chance to get out the first day spring break you know bad why didn't it snow like this out in colorado it's only snowing now I want to get that did it Mike that's good John none before that though did you have good sunshine yeah I was like good too oh that's when the girls came I think I hear it feel free to talk to each other if you want see if you need to put your heads together because you know what we say if you want to grade your heads half of what we don't want if I stuck need a little help or advice all of them just turned over in their grades am I doing okay doing something I'll give you a discount on my usual consulting rate because it is class time 50 bucks an hour don't ask me first because I charge 50 bucks an hour he's free or if he isn't you're a fool I got it what's that is that one but not in this problem where they keep water see if any terms are zero and go turn by turn by turn we'll let you stuff on the papers okay you stuck need some help what with the friction part that's kind of what I suspected what's Alan doing about it that's kind of what some people like about the work energy equation others hate very flexible many different ways you can do all these little parts to it guess what work one to three because we're starting at point one and we're finishing at point three what do we do about this friction change in between no you don't forget about it friction is going to be negative work here's part of the magic I think or not the flexibility of the work energy equation if you have different things going on if you have different things doing different things in the problem you can just do each one of them separately and add them up to find the work done from point one to point three calculate the work done from one to two add that to the work done from two to three this happens to have one friction this happens to have another friction but within those everything's constant so you can do the sum of the forces from one to two delta x one to two nothing changes in there so the integral of f dot ds becomes that and then recalculate the friction just redo it for the different section delta x for the first part happens to be eight delta x for the second part happens to be seven only thing that changes between the two is the friction force and then just add them together no no that's just this side then you do the other side remember I said do these pieces separately one at a time this one that's just the whole change from one to three I don't care about two in between because that isn't affected at point two nothing changes at point two and here it's just the two velocities you don't even care what speed it's moving at point two here just skip it so only the work term has any change at two the others are unaffected by point two so just ignore point two each of these are functions of m you just solve for it you'll have one equation and one unknown the only unknown will be m is that how you're doing it Alan? just sort of another way you can do it is you know the velocity here you can figure out what the velocity is here take this velocity here and you know what it is here do it as two separate problems where you figure out the intermediate velocity you can do it that way if you want to and either one is correct like I said some students love that flexibility some students just say just tell me which way to do it and I'll do it normal forces are going to depend on m which means the friction force depends on m which means these two terms are going to depend on m you're going to have an m in there an unknown m because that's what you're trying to find trying to find this m but these two terms will have an m in there too and in the end you'll have one equation one unknown it's the one equation with m as the only unknown the a four term equation with m in each term what can I help you with Samantha? the normal force remember what I said was the very best way to find the normal force free body diagram gotta have a free body diagram to find the normal force so there's our thing on a 13 degree slope any forces on it yeah we got this 42 newtons here that's straight up the slope friction because it's dragging along the slope gravity which acts straight down we don't know what that is because we don't know what m is what else? well the normal force you're looking for is the other thing remember it's perpendicular to the surface it might help though if you call that the x direction and that the y direction generally if you line up your coordinate system with the thing you're looking for it just is a little bit simpler that n is a y direction force so let's sum the forces in the y direction what should the y direction forces sum to? zero because it's not accelerating in the y direction it is in the x direction but not the y direction so that means all the up forces equal all the downwards n is up in the y direction w we've got this little piece over here w in the y direction and then w in the x direction probably didn't get too crowded and up has got to equal w y down those are only two ones in the y direction w y is w that's the same angle as the slope and about the normal force now we don't know what m is nothing else is we know g we know cosine 13 is u k times n that when you get to the second section all the changes is u k nothing else changes set that up for the two sections each one goes in there we push with one pull with the a and b if you want one and two, two and three that's meters what's the 1.8 meters oh that shouldn't be u k I thought this was your work okay you can add those together because that's the total work done from one to three and then that that total will equal this it still has n in it then what else oh okay so total work is that minus the work done by this which would be this times that 8 meters and this times the 7 meters yeah I know well you got this part and then you went on to another part and then you went back to the first part but you hadn't done that first part in the first part so you got all the part well almost all the parts you don't have delta k you got almost all the parts but you're kind of scattering them around let's look at that work term just the work term one way to do it let's see you can just start putting pieces in we're pushing with 42 against friction with the first coefficient of friction in here so that's minus because we're working against friction m which we don't know g which is 9.81 u k which is 0.12 u k cosine 13 is simply the friction force in the first section that we're using a lower coefficient of friction the sum of the forces for that first section this force continues all the way through but this friction only applies for the first section and then that sum of the forces times the length of that first section 8 meters maybe because we got a couple m's in here we'll just change the shape of them we'll make that a capital M just to keep from making a mistake that's just the work done for the first section Tyler is that a hand up? put it up to w x w x this part? no because that's a conservative force that's taken care of I don't have it up there in the gravitational part you don't want to count for it twice it's real easy to do this is just the non-conservative forces now that's just the first section there the 1-2 section the 2-3 section looks exactly the same I don't even need the units because I already worked them out but the friction changes the coefficient changes to .36 cosine 13 and now only 7 meters that's 7 meters times the forces Westville did you want me to do that for you? no I just and yes M is an unknown in here but this comes down to be two numbers when you add all those together collect light terms you just have two little numbers left over in fact I think I even have them there once you collect all these it becomes nothing more than 630 minus 17.2 amp for being a new meter because we checked all the units so that whole friction the work done by the friction part and new pushing comes out to be a simple little number when you work through the steps assuming there was a number sorry it's 42 times 8 plus 42 times 7 or I guess 42 times 15 that's positive that's the work you're doing in the same direction as the object moving this minus 17.2 amp is the friction work that you're losing cement the where you stuck now that is put you there together Joey like this where we have friction on a slope the only thing is we have two different slopes that we just have to add together cement the where you stuck so we know you don't put this WX in however we're not putting gravity in this is the normal force that plus that times the friction coefficient which is the friction force if you want to do it later and find this but if you put in all the numbers you know you should get down to just this simple little form for that entire thing that's the whole work term all the way from 1 to 3 if you put all the numbers in it becomes pretty simple I know getting there may not be as simple but once you get through it that's why we're doing this to try to simplify the little pieces as we go no 42 is given nicely no we're moving in that direction and the force is pointed in that direction so this is f.dx already that force times those distances is all done since they're all lined up you can do a different X and Y for different parts of the problem because remember the coordinates are man made they're arbitrary they don't affect the physics they affect the solution alright well work on it a little bit we'll see what you have 13 no it's not what I got no not even close oh wait there's a decimal in there but it's still not 13 I got 40.6 I'm signed I have that number separate


Morning man, how are you? Good. Nice. I think we're safe on MU. That's going to be a win there, that's awesome. Do you still have PayPal? Dude, check it out bro. Check out Square too. Square and PayPal just took off. Dude, just, they're taking off. Adobe is, it's up a little bit. It's going to gap up a little bit. Probably going to be finally even on Adobe. I'm going to sell two of my, let's see. Yeah, two of my Square. Let's see here. Stay on Adobe, I'm actually, let's see. I made money in that article, I'll close it out. I'm still down to $450 on Adobe. Oh wow. Here it is, following again. Oh yeah, Adobe yeah, I'm down on it too. I'm trying to get out of Square, 54. You know what, I'm going to cancel that. The verticals, cancel order. And I'm going to actually get out. Oh great, it filled me. When I canceled it. You guys did the same thing Bob. Okay, that's fine, whatever. What about MU? Gosh, still, I'm just not, not great. Yeah, I'm up on it, but still, didn't crunch as much as I'd hoped. I crunched 890 bucks. 890 bucks? Yeah, it went up, but three points against us as well. Yeah. I mean, didn't we close like right around 80 yesterday? Yeah. It was up $3.20, and I still crunched 900 bucks. Yeah, yeah, I crunched. I can't think that's about, all right. Crunched $1,300. That's how much I'm up on it today. What's the deal with Tesla? Dude, Tesla's crazy man. What do you think about MU, just holding it until the end of the day? Letting it expire? Yeah. Okay. Hey pal, I sold one. I still, I'm gonna probably sell, I have five calls, five verticals, sorry. Okay. I'm probably gonna sell two? I just, you know, taking profits, man. Taking some risk off the table there. Except for Toby. Yeah. Toby was a big bunch today. Okay, I sold, filled. Toby's turning around a bit. I sold my one call left on the square. I sold it at 55. Made good money there. Tesla's at 850, huh? Dude, do you wanna get some? We're at a 63 now if you rate some degrees. Okay. We're gonna start looking at the thousands, my man. Holy cow, they're trading at 550, man. What do you think about the 1200s? Well, what, 1100s? Yeah, let's go 1100s, my man. I can kind of see those being good. What's the margin, though? I think it's, uh... What do you think, my man? That's okay. It's slightly over 1%. Yeah, I confirm. That's, yeah, 18,000 for two. I'll do five. I think we can get two blocks for it. Oh, I got 190 and 197. No, I got 197 altogether. I got 197. Wow, dude, I put in my order on Tesla for 190 and I got 197. Adobe, Adobe's moving. That's good, I'm up $655 on it. That's awesome. Holy cow, dude. Yeah, dude, the account... Yeah, I'm up on Adobe.   MU is coming down, that's perfect. What's going on, everybody? This is Giovanni from the Options Trading Channel. What you heard there is how my morning went with my mentor and I got to tell you guys first and foremost, I screwed up big time. Huge, huge, absolutely huge. I shorted Tesla as you saw and I quickly regretted it. I ended up taking a $1,500 loss on those $1,100 calls. In hindsight, I should have held those. I think we're going to be okay on those $1,100 calls but I got out of them on a huge loss and it's just fear. 100% fear that it was just going to keep going. And I ended up, gosh, getting out of those at $5.20, huge major loss. But I did pick up some $1,200 calls, naked call options that I sold separate times. I sold them at 205 and 218, helping to collect about $400, a little over $400. But yes, unfortunately, let's just get that out of the way. I always want to be honest about everything that I do and again, in hindsight, I should just hold on to them. It's going to be okay, but it just really, really scared me out of it. Moving on, oh my gosh, guys. Oh my gosh. If you look back at my account on yesterday's video, we had about $416,000 in the account. Up today, $425,000. Go back to the video before this one, yesterday's video to know the exact amount. I'm just, I'm in awe. I really am in awe.   What an incredible week with the riots. The markets came down sharply because of the riots.  Let me show you all the trades that I make, that I made this week starting with, I believe on the 30th or 31st? 31st. Got into some buy-do, talked about that. Got into some Netflix. These are naked options that we sold. And look at all of these trades. You see the date here that it was executed. The fourth, the fifth, the sixth. Not much on the sixth, the seventh, the eighth.  You can see here that today, yesterday and today, I was basically selling profits. And I'm still holding on to a portion.  Take some profits off the table. It's okay. There's nothing to be shy about, shameful about. You can't lose by taking profits off the table. That's basically all I did pretty much most of the day. I was selling, selling, selling, selling. I was up so much. And then I bought a little bit more towards the end of the day. All Chuck Hughes' plays that I got alerted, these aren't my plays. These plays were not getting in because we find them or not. I subscribed to a service that's Chuck Hughes. I've been open about that in several videos. I am trying to get them to give me a discount to all of my viewers and subscribers. I'm using his service. It's paying off. It is paying off a lot, a lot. By the way, as far as making money this week, we have closed out and collected $9,200 in profits this week. It's our biggest week ever, ever, guys. Our biggest month, our biggest month was the month of December. We made $20,800 for the month of December altogether. This week alone, we made just a little bit under $10,000. Let's just call it $9,000, even sure that's a $1,000 difference. Big difference, I get it. That's 10%. Give me a break. We made $9,200. Amazing, guys. And of course, the markets have cooperated. I'm not here to tell you I have an amazing system. I have an amazing strategy. I am the smartest, best trader ever. I'm the God. No, that is not what I claim to be. That is not me. Believe me, it is not me. It is the markets. The markets are giving us opportunities like there's no tomorrow. Let's take a look.  Look at this. Look at this, guys. Just look at this. Would you just look at it? Just look at it. What the heck is that? Tesla, down $1,600. That's because we already talked about as to why I got scared, my bad. PWR, we actually ended up taking profits. We were holding on to PWR. We made profits last year, technically, and got out on a loss this year so far. Everything else. Look at this. Amazing. I know that we're only one week into the year of 2021, but an amazing start. Sure. Oil. Look at that. We're up a grand. We're up a grand in oil this year. Again, the markets are cooperating. Amazing, guys. Thank you, everybody, for watching. I will get to a video where I show you how we pick, make it options, how we use this tool, the high IV rank indicator. It's telling us what we should sell, which stocks to sell premium on. I will get to that. Hit that subscribe button down below so you don't miss a video. It will help me out tremendously. Comment down below also what you thought about this video and see you guys here on the very next trading video, hoping it's a green trade. See you guys later.


Personal finance practice problem using OneNote. Projected health care costs. Prepare to get financially fit by practicing personal finance. You're not required to but if you have access to OneNote would like to follow along. We're in the icon left hand side practice problem tab in the 9090 projected health care costs tab. Also take a look at the immersive reader tool or practice problems typically in the text area too with the same name, same number but with transcripts. Transcripts can be translated into multiple languages either listened to or read in them. Information up top we are imagining we have current health care costs at $7,000 and we want to project what the health care costs might be in the future possibly for budgeting into the future. One way we might think about that is to try to guess or estimate what inflation is and assume that the health care costs will go up with relation to inflation. Now typically in the United States the Federal Reserve shoots for like one and three percent inflation. It could go above that at times but that's kind of what they're aiming for oftentimes in order to have enough money in the system to deal with the growth without having basically deflation which is something that could be a bad situation so they typically shoot for like one to three percent. So we're just going to assume that there's an increase of two percent of inflation which would mean that the purchasing power of the dollar is basically going down by the two percent which we can think about then the prices for things will basically go up by two percent per year. So how much would be spent years in the future, ten years into the future. So if we're going ten years out then a couple ways we could do this we could use a future value type of calculation multiple types of ways we could do a future value calculation Excel or using Excel functions is one of the nice easiest ways which I would practice doing and it would look something like this. I usually put a negative upfront you could put the negative within inside the calculation but the easiest fastest way to type it is to say negative future value the rate then we get this nice little box down below that help us pick this up is in B2 so the rate would be that two percent it's an annual rate so we're just going to keep the two percent the comma then would take us to the next argument which would be the NPR number of periods which would be represented here by the B5 which would be that ten years and then comma and notice that we don't have a payment because a payment would be an annuity calculation and what we want to do is have a present a future value of one therefore two commas to get us to this argument the present value in other words if we're currently at seven thousand what what's going to be the future value so that's the present value B1 and that gives us eight thousand five thirty three so if we're trying to figure out how much we might be paying in the future representing the fact that the inflation is going to go up or the cost is going to go up with inflation that we're assuming at two percent we're at eight thousand five thirty three in ten years so obviously that's just an estimate we're practicing our future value calculations or time value of money calculations to prove that or to think about it a different way we might run a table and say okay if we're at zero year zero at seven thousand year one it would be increasing right we'd be increasing by in essence the two percent so we'd be saying okay so we got seven thousand times point oh two that's going to give us the one forty plus the seven thousand is the seven thousand one forty after another year now we'd be at the seven thousand one forty it would go up by another two percent so times point oh two that would give us the one forty two point eight about one forty three if we add that then to the seven one four oh our prior amount that's going to give us the two seven eight two and then of course we'll take that it's going to increase by another point oh two percent which would give us one forty six or one forty five point six five more precisely plus the seven two eight three and there's there's rounding because the seven two eight three is rounded but that would get us about to the seven four eight four and so on and so forth adding another increase the increase going up because we have a prior balance that's higher and if we did that all the way down to ten years we would expect at year ten we're at the eight thousand five thirty three now this is a good way to do it because here you can see not only where we end at the end result but you can see the rise or the increase in price or in cost if we had the two percent inflation when budgeting you can see how this kind of eats into your current salary if your salary is not increasing with these costs then that's going to be a problem if we want to prove this with our present value calculation just to practice our present value calculations I could say okay if I have this end result of the eight thousand five thirty three after ten years if I use my present value calculation bringing it back down to the current period I can do that that should take me back down to the seven thousand I could do that with this calculation again I put a negative upfront because that's the easiest way to type it probably not the most proper way to do it but negative present value the rate then would be once again the two percent that's what's being represented by B2 comma the number of periods we're going to say is going to be ten periods comma two commas because it's not an annuity I don't want a series of payments but we're going to present value one one item so two commas and then I'm going to take that in number which is the eight five three three that gets us back down to the seven thousand so it's kind of the opposite you know of the future value calculation if I present value that back then I get back to the seven thousand you also might want to just to play with your present value and future value calculations set up your table a little bit differently so you might say for example in year zero you had seven thousand and then do a future value calculation instead of increasing it this way we can use a future value calculation for each period so it might look something like this we'd say that there would be a future value which would be negative I'm looking at this cell right here how did we calculate it we'd say negative of the rate so the rate is going to be what did I say the two percent and then the comma the number of periods this time the number of periods we're going to say this is just for one year out so notice I'm referencing this cell right here with the K3 it's going to move down as we go down to year two year three year four and so on so there's no absolute reference there and then two commas because it's not an annuity to get to the present value which we said was would be represented by by this seven thousand here so that gets us up to the seven thousand four one forty then we can take the difference here between the seven thousand one forty and the prior period seven thousand to get that difference of the one forty so just another way to format your tables that you might see using a future value if I did that in year two we'd have this calculation we'd have the same seven thousand in the base year or you may not even have this whole column you could just equals the base year for example year one for example and now we have two two years out but now we got the negative future value the rate is once again the two percent comma for a period is now referencing this K4 is referencing this two so it moved down from K3 to K4 notice that this first cell the rate did not move down because we put dollar signs before the B and the two making it absolute and then comma comma the present value is seven thousand notice that this one moved down from seven thousand to seven thousand if we were to eliminate this whole base year and just used like the current year we could make this last one absolute and reference just that one cell and then I take the difference between the two the seven to a three minus the seven one four zero to get the one thirty the one forty three and so we're repeating same data here so we could do that again here we would be taking the future value of the seven thousand at two percent rate for three periods right and then you've got the difference between this and this and so on and so forth so this is another way that you can in essence I construct the same data getting down to the bottom line after ten years that we saw once again was at the eight five three three so good practice on the you know few on the time value of money calculations always great tools to be practicing with and working our mind around


What's up guys? We're back with another epic first edition opening. We're opening Ferranic Guardian Blisters. We have not one, but five! Ferranic Guardian First Edition Blisters. This is going to be pretty awesome. We're going to open those up and we're also going to do something else. Pretty cool. We have an opened worldwide edition stairway to the Descenduel video game and we're going to open up the promos on this video. So it's going to be really cool. We're going to do that and we got a giveaway. So the giveaway will be given away some Ferranic Guardian cards. We do have a first edition Grave Keeper's Chief. We have Guardian Sphinx and Sasuke Samurai.  Let me know your favorite card from this opening. It can be from the video game or from Ferranic Guardian. Let's get into it. So before we do the opening, let's go ahead and get these cards out of the promos. So this was sold to me. A guy actually opened it up and then sold it. Not really sure why he did that, but I was like, sure, I'll take it. I'll take the promos. It's pretty cool. So I believe that this is actually not the English version. So I think they might be different promos. It's not like the regular SDD. Let's close that up. There is the box for the stairway to Dustin Duel. Yeah, so inside you get these. You get the DDS, the second DDS edition cards, which is pretty weird. It's pretty weird. So we're going to check it out. I think it's cool to have some sort of unique promos. It's kind of like the TFK Sinister Serpent. It's a very rare card because it's a different version. Okay, let's go ahead and open this. It's not that easy to open. You know, maybe we should cut it open. That's what we're going to do. We're going to take the scissors to it. Okay, let's be really careful. Feel the cards. All right, let's do it at the very top right here. All right, yeah, that's a lot easier. I like that better, except I only think, yeah, okay, that's perfect. Okay, here we go. So cut that open. We have... Ooh, check that out. C-R-U-S-D-D-E. So you can see that it has the Euro sign. So let's go ahead and sleeve these up. This card looks pretty nice. We're going to send it into grade, even though it does cost us $20 now. We'll send this in eventually. The sintering is a little bit off. Either way, it's still be cool to get like even a PSA9. Or maybe I'll keep it in the binder if it gets a nine. We'll check it out. We'll see how the sintering is on these other ones. Hey, look, this is one ad promos, but it wasn't sealed. So maybe one day we'll open a sealed game with promos. Okay, is there a little ding up there? Little ding on this one. So this one looks like a binder copy for sure. Still cool. S-D-D-E. So you don't see that very much. Then we have this Salamandra-E. That one looks pretty good. Sintering is pretty good on that one. Yes, that's nice. All right, so pretty cool set. So you guys, oh cool, check this out. All right, so I wonder what this is for because it's not like, it's European, but it's not English. So it's a different, a different part of Europe than like England and stuff. I don't know. Don't know my languages that well, but there we go. Check that out. Pretty cool set. Pretty awesome. Maybe grade some of them. All right, next we will be opening these blisters. This is going to hurt some of you guys. They did get a little beat up in the shipping though because they, the post office like didn't deliver these and it was like six days later. I finally got them. So I think they kind of beat up the package, but oh well, we're going to open them anyway. Let's go ahead and destroy these beautiful blisters. Oh, it always hurts to do this so much because you got to really, you got to annihilate them. Like with the booster pack, you can open them nice and clean. With the blister pack, you got to pretty much destroy it. All right, first edition. What can we pull from first edition for Onigardian US? We can pull out because I think these are retail. The secret rare is Lavagol. You can also pull the help armor, which is the cover card. And there's, it's not too many crazy foils. There are some cool stuff like the help armor. The, what's his name? The, the 1400 guy with the little sword. He's got the little eye patch. I don't know. We're going to pull it and find out, but there's also some really good comments like terraforming. There's book of moon rare. I think it is Necro Valley coming here. I can't remember. But here we go. Let's go ahead and open this up. Let's just see what we get. If we can get a foil out of one of these would be pretty cool. All right. First edition PGD. Let's check out the side because a lot of times these were cut like super weird. It looks like these were too. For Onigardian have the weirdest print quality, maybe some of the worst. We have D tribe. We've got a bird face. Right. Sprite. Metamore. Okay. That's a huge car. That's like 14 bucks near mint. So it's not as much as the rescue cap, but that's a really good one. I think it's short printed as well. So that's really big. Moisture creature as a rare. I remember this one. I had this one back in the day. Does it have nine stars though? I think it has nine. Yes. That's really weird. Curse of aging. You owe me ship. Grave fever is vassal. So we did get a metamorphosis, which is really big because of goat format. Very expensive even as a common. So that's really cool. All right. Next blister. We have four more of these. If you guys enjoy this old school, you know, couple packs opening, maybe we'll do some more stuff like this where I just get a few packs and we just take it slow because it is tough to find these at not a very high cost now. So, you know, it's pretty tough. By the way, I'm sure you guys have seen actually, I'll cut this out if you guys don't know yet, but we're opening that cybernetic revolution first edition. Hobby box is going to be insane. Make sure you guys are there for that. It's going to be pretty awesome, but let's get into this pack. Here we go. Farana Guardian. First edition, the seventh set in Yu-Gi-Oh history. So pretty old. Here we go. Oh yeah. You can tell these are not even at all. These cards are so uneven. It's not even funny. Like you can see the cards coming out of the bottom there. I'm completely pushing them together. Yeah. That just so weird. Farana Guardian is the only set I know of that does that. Detribe. It's like they're they're different sizes, literally. Bird face. We got a ride of spirit. Oh, Cobra Jar. Oh, we ruined the suspense. Wandering mommy. That's a cool card though. The artwork on the set is really cool. Rageki break. I mean, that's such a strong card for stuff like the progression series and all that stuff. So it's a pretty good card. I mean, this is just so weird how different the sizes are. I think it's the rare that's huge. You guys see how big the rare is? Look at that. The rare is like so much longer. What in the world happened in Veronica Guardian? I don't know what happened, but they were they were on something when they were printing these. This is crazy. Next pack. We have the third of five so far. No foils. We have pulled some. Oh, that came off really easily. Perfect. Which could or cannot be bad. Thank you. Like, well, it's resealed, but I think it's not. I think we're good here. All right. The other ones open pretty, for pretty difficult to open. So all right. These, I think these, these seals are a little messed up like that. That usually kind of looks like they've been like in a weird climate. They've been kind of like hot. It got too hot. It's too cold. We've got a Grave Keeper's Guard. It looks like too hot from that. Hyroglyph lithograph. We've got a Grave Keeper's Cannon Holder. Cool. Pyramid Turtle. Nice Zombie Guard. Timidy. Timidy. Timidy. And Moog's Yoke. Okay. All right. Okay. We're over three. That's fine. Nothing big to do. I'm not, not not worried about it at all. All right. Can we pull something big? Come on. Fronny Guardian. We haven't opened Fronny Guardian in a while. We did open a first edition 24 pack booster box of this at one point and it was a, I can't remember. It was a decent pack. I think we pulled Nightmare Wheel and I got a PSA 10 on the other, on the other Ultra. What was it? It was a kind of a boring Ultra though. I can't remember what it was. All right. Next pack. Pack for Servant of Catabolism. Okay. A Servant Strategy. The Grave Keeper's Guard. Gotta love that card. Hyroglyph lithograph. Okay. Here we go. Come on. Give us the luck. Reckless Greed. All right.  Maybe we're being a little greedy. Grave Keeper's Assailant. It's actually a pretty good card. I remember I was building my Goat Grave Keeper's deck and I needed some of those and I went to my Fronny Guardian first edition cards and I found a couple of them. Okay. From when we opened the box. Final pack of the opening. We're over four. Come on. Let's not go over five, please. Here we go. Here we go. Did we get unlucky or can we get the luck here? It's so sad to destroy blisters like this. I know some of you guys are cringing, but we just need a foil. We just need a foil here. Final pack. Give us the luck. Here we go. Bottomless Shifting Sand. A Man with a Widget. Cabezoles. Hit the like button for luck guys. Here we go. Card Shuffle. We need the luck. We need something. Just give us some oil. Oh, a barrel behind the door. Okay. We will take it. It's a Super Rare. Very warped. Yeah. That's why I guess I'm guessing these are stored in a weird spot, but we will take it. We got a foil. Not the best one, but we did get one. So pretty nice. We got a Trab Dust Shoot. That's another great common. Another great common from the set. So we pulled Metamorphosis, pulled Trab Dust Shoot, which actually like used like really hard to pull maybe like one per box or something. And then we pulled a barrel behind the door. So that turned out to be okay. Not the best, but okay. All right. From this opening today, we got the cards I just mentioned. We got the Super Rare. We got the two nice commons. Then we got the three promos. So those are pretty cool. We're probably going to check those out. Maybe send in a couple of them to grade. Hope you guys enjoyed this. Shorter yet first edition old school legacy opening. It was pretty fun. I enjoyed it. Hopefully we can do more cool stuff like this in the future. And that's it for this video. I'll see you guys later. Peace.