Welcome back everyone. Today I thought I would show you how to install and use Tesseract OCR on Windows. So here I have Windows 10 running and if you go to the Tesseract OCR GitHub repository you can find Tesseract and on the wiki they have some information about installing Tesseract OCR on Linux which we already have a video for Mac OS X and Windows. In their instructions there's a couple different ways to try to install it but I used this Tesseract at UB Mannheim installer and it works really well so I highly recommend this way. This Tesseract at UB Mannheim if you click on that then you will go to the UB Mannheim GitHub repository and look for Tesseract and if you scroll down you should see latest installers can be downloaded and I am using the Tesseract OCR set up 4.0 alpha the experimental release and so far I've not had any problems with it. It's very easy to install and it worked really well. So I recommend the 4.0 install if you're watching this you know years later I'm sure it's already advanced beyond that but anyway right now I'm using this 4.0 installer so whenever you download that I might be able I hope I still have it in downloads no I don't still have it so basically whenever you download it you run it just like a normal installer and then at some stage it asks you if you want to install any additional languages basically it installs English by default so I installed Korean additional language data so while you're using this installer make sure you select any additional language data that you already that you know that you're going to use and it's basically pre-trained models for the language that you're interested in. I chose Korean so I'm going to use Korean OCR today. Okay so after you download from this UB Mannheim repository the Tesseract OCR set up 4.0 alpha or later download it make sure you select all the languages that you want and then that's pretty much it. The next thing we have to do this installer does not add Tesseract to your path so basically we can't run it directly from the command line in a very easy way so what we need to do is add it to our path so first we need to find out where our path is and if you chose the default settings for the installer then it's probably located in C drive program files Tesseract OCR and what we want to look for is make sure that we actually have the Tesseract .exe or you might if you don't have extensions enabled you'll see Tesseract you want to see this binary available in the folder so this test data is where the downloaded models are so you can see I have core.trained data and I'll probably do another video later on how to actually build your own trained data sets but for now we're just downloading the trained data that already existed so going back to path my path my install path is C drive program files x86 text Tesseract OCR so I need to right click and copy this okay because I want to tell the computer where this path is next I go to the start menu and I type in just type in path p a th p a th whenever you get the path you'll see edit system environment variables in the control panel this is for Windows 10 so click on that and you should get the system properties box pop up we want the advanced tab and you want to click on environment variables the environment variables button so click that one after clicking environment variables you'll have the another environment variables box that pops up you want to click path and edit path and edit you can see I've already added in my C drive program files Tesseract OCR to my path if you basically the way to add anything to the path is select the next available line so the next empty line here you can either click new or you can click or you can just double click the empty line and then you can paste the path that we just copied previously into that location so we want to make sure that this is the path to the Tesseract binary that we downloaded from UB manheim okay I'm gonna go ahead and delete that since I already have it in there so what you should have at the end is basically in your path you need the location to the binary so I have C drive program files Tesseract okay so click okay and then okay again and then okay again and the test to see if it's actually been added to your path we can open up PowerShell so you can click on the start menu again and type Windows PowerShell and then you'll get this Windows PowerShell desktop app with kind of a purple icon if you click on that then you should get this blue screen and then I'm at use C drive users and then my username okay so if you added Tesseract correctly to your path you should just be able to type Tesseract and then I hit tab for auto completion so I basically typed test test and then tab and it auto completed a Tesseract uninstall that's not what I want I want Tesseract so I hit tab again and we see Tesseract.exe was selected okay so that means that Windows actually sees these binaries so just to make sure I can do Tesseract.exe-help okay so if I run that I get the help output for the Tesseract program so we can see all of the options that we can give the program that means that Tesseract.exe is running or I can run it from a command line which means it's been correctly added to my path okay so you can read the help menu if you want we are going to do just a very basic text extraction for now so just to show you what we're what we're extracting on I'm gonna close this I have this test PDF okay and this test PDF is in Koreans we have some nice big Korean text so it shouldn't have any problems I hope with at least the big text and then we have kind of an index or a table of contents sorry and then we have a little bit more challenging kind of some stylized Korean text mixed in with numbers and then headings but headings and kind of an odd with an odd background plus some pictures and in the pictures also some Korean text within the images inside the PDF okay so on pages like this I expect Tesseract to have some problems especially with like these embedded images this small text is a little bit blurry but we can see we can see what happens so then the other text maybe I hope it works okay so let's see how this works okay and this is pretty common problem with with a lot of formal Korean documents is they have a lot of different colors they use a lot of kind of text boxes tables for example and then pulling the text out of these tables is also usually usually it's pretty difficult a lot of images embedded things like that okay so the first thing I did I was actually trying to use image magic for windows to basically convert each page of this PDF to an image a ping or a jpeg or a tiff something like that I couldn't get it working very well I'll still keep working on that but what I've done anyway is I used another tool to extract all of the PDF pages and convert them into a relatively high quality PNG okay so it's a PNG image and I have a folder where each page is is named test 0 1 test 0 2 so this is page 1 page 2 page 3 up to page 30 okay so I've already converted them to images so now we just need to extract the text from the images okay so to do that I open up PowerShell again whenever you open up PowerShell you'll probably be I guess in C drive users and then your username so my test data is in the test folder on my desktop so I need to move to CD desktop and then inside desktop we can see that we've moved to the desktop directory I need to move to the test folder that's the name of the folder and then if I do dir dir then I can see all of the files in there and we can see the file names so for example test 1 PNG okay so so far we've basically installed added Tesseract to our path we've gotten a PDF that we want to extract the text from we've converted that PDF into images relatively high-quality PNG files we have a folder full of PNGs okay now what I can do or the way that I would use Tesseract is by using Tesseract.exe just typing Tesseract.exe and then the name of the image that you want to extract the data from and then where you want to where you want to save the extracted data as a text file I better call this out.txt or actually I'll call it test01.txt okay so here I'm using Tesseract.exe the image that I want to extract the text from and then this dot dot slash dot dot slash represents going up one directory so in this case I'm saving it on the desktop I'm saving the output of the first page to the desktop okay in in a file called test01.txt and then I give the switch dash L dash L for language and then the language that I have installed is KOR or Korean okay Tesseract also has I can I can show you really quickly I'm gonna open a new new PowerShell so we can Tesseract also has if you look you can where was it we can see the installed languages I think it was languages listlangs oh yeah okay so Tesseract dash dash listlangs Tesseract dash dash to two minus signs list dash langs L-A-N-G-S okay and then if we hit enter then we can see all of the languages that are currently installed in that test data folder I still have it yeah I don't have it anymore so these are all of the languages that are available on my system that we actually have models for so in this case I can extract using the model that's already been generated English and Korean and OSD basically English and Korean okay so you can use listlangs if your language does not show up then you need to install it it hasn't been detected and notice it's a three-letter language identifier not a two-letter okay so we're doing our extraction so Tesseract test zero one PNG dot dot slash test zero one dot txt this is the output file this is the input file and then our dash L is KOR because we had KOR installed so if I hit enter Tesseract open-source 4.0 alpha running okay invalid resolution detected estimating resolution is that okay so let's go back to the I would already put the text extension okay so the output file is test zero one text and then I accidentally added a another dot txt so we'll do that and if I double click on it we can see some Korean text has been extracted so let's go ahead and compare that with the actual Korean text so in Munsa we in Munsa okay that's correct so far and that looks right as well so basically this first line was extracted correctly and then we have this new all new all which I don't see anywhere so for some reason it added new all I'm not sure why and then but they added a space here so this is Zhang and this is Chang so they they miss that a little bit the this is kind of a J sound this is a CH sound a little bit and there's a very very small difference between those characters so it still did pretty well but definitely not perfect and then 2018 is down here and then so that's right they added long here and then they added some of this text here and then in moon is here so basically everything is right except this J sound here and they've added some additional characters that weren't there before but basically all of the main sentences are intact so that's you know pretty pretty good okay let's go back to our extraction and I can remove this dot txt so test 0 2 and then for file test 0 2 PNG so test 0 2 PNG is our input we're saving it to the desktop in a file named test 0 2 and then dash L k o r enter and okay now it's finished so let's go look at it so this is the second page it's the table of contents test 0 2 and I can already see that it has apparently missed I'm not sure where it put it but it might have missed this moon cha and Shin Chang Cha so that's right so for the most part we have we have the same thing now you might get these kind of you see these black characters with two dots those are actually probably I'm guessing now but I'm guessing Linux return characters so if we open this in a Linux system then this would actually be new line characters or yeah basically new line characters on Windows you're gonna get this kind of you're gonna get this kind of encoding problem basically so I would either make a filter that goes through and removes all of them or converts them to Windows format or you know whatever processing you want to do but these are probably new line in the Linux or Unix encoding okay so so far you know we've gone through two pages and for Korean it's actually worked really well installation was very easy with this UB Mannheim 4.0 installer they will download some of the pre-chain languages for you it was very very simple you just have to add it to your own path and then you can run it from the command line so I hope that was helpful I know a lot of people wanted to use Tesseract in Windows and this at least can get you started what I would do next probably is write a either Windows PowerShell script or maybe a batch script or something to go through and basically give it a folder and then have run Tesseract automatically on all of these PNGs and then compile it into one file that's probably the next stage that I would do so that's it for today thank you very much


This paper considers the stability of a fractional differential equation with multi-point boundary conditions and non-instantaneous integral impulse. Some sufficient conditions for the existence, uniqueness and at least one solution of the aforementioned equation are studied by using the Diasmar Golis fixed point theorem. Secondly, the ULM stability of the equation is also discussed. Lastly, we give one example to support our main results. It is worth pointing out that these two non-instantaneous integral impulse and multi-point boundary conditions factors are simultaneously considered in the fractional differential equations studied for the first time. This article is authored by Guodong Li, Yin Zhang, Yajuan Guan, and others.


What should I focus on the most? Because what is most important?  Sit down and welcome back to my channel. So I wanted to make this video for you guys because I've been getting this question a lot in my consultation sessions and like many of my videos questions arise in consultation sessions and I feel the need to share those answers with the rest of my subscribers that aren't necessarily in those one-on-one sessions with me. So that is what I'm doing today. So I wanted to talk to you guys about what makes you the most competitive candidate for PA school, right? That is the question on everyone's mind that is what everybody wants to know because ultimately you want to be the most competitive candidate so that you can get in. So that's what I'm going to be talking about. Obviously you know the compounds of what goes into your PA school application and if you don't know it is your patient care experience, your GPA, your GRE and with respect to your GPA it is both your cumulative GPA and your overall like your overall cumulative GPA and your science GPA. You'll also be now taking into consideration not only the GRE but the PA CAT and CASPER for some schools, your shadowing hours which hopefully kind of goes away with your coursework that you've actually completed in your personal statement, right? So with respect to that those are all of the components of your actual application for PA school and you want to know like typically like all right so if I only have enough time in the world in the time that I've set aside to apply to PA school what should I focus on the most because what is most important? And the answer is all of them you guys and so honestly I cannot tell you guys I cannot stress it enough that not one thing, one thing is not going to get you into PA school. One thing can keep you from PA school and that is if you don't meet all of the minimum requirements so let's say there's a minimum GPA requirement of a 3.0 and you don't have a 3.0 you have a 2.9 well you don't meet that minimum requirement and PA programs are inundated with applications therefore your application is not going to be looked at because guess what you're not meeting the minimum requirements it's going to be outsourced immediately as they're sifting through the list of applicants so there are things that can keep you from PA school but one thing is in and of itself is not going to get you into PA school in terms of the application. The one thing that will get you into PA school is your interview but before you get to that point you have to get this application in and be even offered an interview so what I would suggest that you guys do and what I'm telling you all to do is to make sure that if there are areas of your application that are lacking that you focus on those areas that you can easily fix right. So with respect to like patient care experience let's say that you don't mind waiting you know a year or two before you apply to PA school because you're you know a new grad from undergrad you want to get some like health care experience under your belt you just kind of want to be out there working a little bit save up some money for PA school then that way you can plan ahead you can plan out those two years until you're ready to apply to PA school in terms of how you're going to get that patient care experience are you going to get a certification what kind of certification are you going to get how long is it going to take and then how many hours are you going to try to accrue by the end of that two years now keep in mind if you're taking gap years the application cycle for PA school always starts April of the previous year so if you're taking a gap year you might want to look at exactly how that gap year is falling because you might end up taking two gap years depending on when you're applying so let's say you're graduating from undergrad and you want to go directly into PA school then you need to apply to that PA program the junior year your the April of your junior year so that in your senior year you're actually interviewing for PA programs if you wait until you graduate from undergrad then you will be interviewing for programs throughout like the summer and fall of that year that you've graduated you will also be interviewing in like the spring and then you would likely not start until the end of spring like May or August of September of the following year so those are just things to keep in mind with respect to your GRE it is important that you obviously you take your GRE you study for it and the same with the PA CAD and the CASPER exam now again which one is the most important what should I put my focus in right the main thing that schools slash CASPA CASPA the application site is looking at is your GPA so if we want to pinpoint one thing that it will make or break you in terms of your application it's your GPA because if your GPA is not at that minimum requirement you will not get your application looked at so if you would like to focus on one thing that you feel like hey this is the most important thing look at your GPA can you raise that GPA enough points to where you are competitive and competitiveness is relative because if I have a GPA of a 3.2 the minimum GPA is a 3.0 but I have over 6000 patient care experience hours I'm very competitive I'm a highly competitive applicant and so that's why this application is very fluid it's not like anything that you've ever done before where it's like all right I just need to do this one thing be really proficient at that and that's it having a 4.0 GPA is not going to get you into PA school it may get your application to be looked at but what if you have a 4.0 GPA but you only have 200 health care experience hours where else are you picking up on those intangibles that's actually going to make you competitive so when you guys are answering this question for yourself because each applicant has their own competitiveness or their own thing that makes them competitive I want you guys to look at all of those things look at all of these across the board as a nice little pie or a nice little family all of these parts come together to make the body of your application right and so if they're not working in tandem like picking up the slack for other areas that may be actually lacking then your application as a whole will fall but if they are working in tandem and like I explained you may be lacking in your GRE score but your GPA is really high or you may be lacking your GRE and your GPA but your health care experience is really high and then also your personal statement is super bomb then those areas will pick up the slack for the areas that may be a little bit more like less than average on your application so hopefully this helps you guys I know it might not have been the answer that many of you were looking for but honestly it is the best answer that I could give it's the answer that I always give to all of my consultation session people and frankly it's the answer that you really should be looking at with respect to your PA school application all right if you have any other questions for me leave them in a comment section below as usual please go ahead and like this video subscribe and follow me on instagram thank you guys so much for watching I will talk to you guys next time bye


Welcome back to the news now and lost TV Africa to all the parts of the continent. Ghana's President Nanna Akufado has urged African countries to step begging from the West in order to earn global respect and change poor perceptions about the continent. Akufado urged greater solidarity among Africans to address shared aspirations. His sonra came on a date that the International Monetary Fund agreed to give Ghana a three billion Naira loan to alleviate unprecedented economic downturn.


Hey there Psych2Go family, let's begin another journey into understanding everyday psychology better. Do you know of any introverts around you, or do you identify as an introvert yourself? If you do, then you surely must know that people usually describe your first impressions as being incredibly shy and socially awkward, but they'd be surprised at just how much more there is to you than meets the eye. Like every personality type, introverts also possess qualities that add to their attraction. If it's encouragement you need, then look no further. Here are eight things that make introverts highly attractive. 1. You're very self-aware. Are you someone who strives to be more self-aware? Introverts perfect this trait early on. No one can know an introvert better than they know themselves. You're very introspective. You have a stable sense of identity, knowing what you want. Introverts have firmly rooted personal values and a clear plan for the future. Being so tenacious and self-assured, our qualities many are sure to find attractive in a person. 2. You have a secret soft side. Do people closest to you describe you as thoughtful, loving, and fiercely loyal? Do they regard you as the one they can always count on if they're feeling down? Your observant nature allows you to pick up on emotional cues from others and recognize when something is off with them. As an introvert, you're generous with your time and attention. You'll do anything you can to cheer up your loved ones, whether it's through heart-to-heart talk or some quiet time together with just the two of you. 3. You're not afraid of being vulnerable. Do you find being vulnerable daunting? For most people, it's one of the most difficult of tasks. But introverts embrace vulnerability fearlessly, and your emotional vulnerability continues to increase once you've let someone in as time passes. Introverts pride themselves on having only a small but close-knit circle of friends and loved ones. So, if they let you into their lives, it means that they feel a special connection towards you and have come to care for you in an intimate way. 4.   A quiet person, lost in thoughts, right? While this isn't far from the truth, you're not always just daydreaming. Your tendency to think deeply enables you to have meaningful conversations, making your company intellectually stimulating. You can form well-informed opinions about interesting subjects like literature and philosophy. Others will be hard-pressed to find a person more cultured than a well-read introvert. 5.  Don't we all want someone we can share every little thought with? Being an introvert, you're always willing to lend an ear to those you love for whatever they have to say and for however long they need. Unlike most people, you listen to understand rather than form a reply. You let them express whatever it is they're feeling without judgment, and once they're done, you're sure to have some excellent advice for them. 6. Your company is honest. Many conversations and emotional honesty aside, introverts are some of the most easygoing and laid-back people one will ever meet. Because of your relaxed and reserved nature, others are happy to spend time with you, talking over a cup of coffee or on the walk home. You don't crave heart-pounding excitement, energetic crowds, or fun-filled parties. Rather, you only want genuine company. You love to spend time with someone somewhere peaceful and quiet, doing almost nothing at all, but talking and connecting. 7. You have a mysterious air. Part of an introvert's charm is their alluring air of mystery. Your quiet and reserved nature makes others more curious about you.  You let them know about you, but only to the extent that you're comfortable with. No one can really know everything there is to know about an introvert, which is why they're so great to befriend and date. They're full of surprises and there's always more left to learn about them. 8.  Who doesn't like adventures, right? Falling in love with an introvert is an exciting adventure because it doesn't just happen overnight.   You let your guard down gradually, making the other person feel special for being one of the very few people you show your true colors to. Are you an introvert being pursued, or is there an introvert you're interested in right now? If so, are these points insightful enough to lend you a helping hand in your quest? Do let us know in the comments below. Also share this video with your fellow introverts and let the word spread. Stay tuned for a sneak peek on attractive traits for other personalities as well. Thanks for watching and we'll see you in the next video.


Saying no at work feels hard, difficult, emotional and fraught with potential danger to relationships and career prospects. And if you don't say no at work, you'll be overrun with work, stressed, unhappy and risk much more serious damage to relationships and career prospects. How to say no at work is the key to being able to deliver good quality work without damaging those important relationships with colleagues and your manager. I'm taking you through what saying no at work gives you, eight very important benefits to you, and then these six factors for how to say no at work without annoying others. And at the end I share where to find examples of the art of saying no at work that will keep managers and colleagues happy with you. My name is Jess Coles, and if you're new here, Enhance.Training shares people management expertise, resources and courses to speed up your journey to becoming a great manager. And I've included the links to additional videos and resources in the description below as well as a video timestamp, so do take a look at these. And please add your examples of how to say no at work in the comments section below. I'll respond to each of your suggestions. Before we cover how to say no at work, let's talk about why you should say no at work. This will help you in having the courage to say no at work more often and practice at getting better at saying no at work without upsetting colleagues. So let's go through what saying a no at work gives you. Firstly, you're going to be under less pressure and a lot less stressed at work. Saying no to work reduces the number of tasks and projects that you need to fit in to sensible levels. And saying no at work creates boundaries, you know, to how long you stay in the evenings and to how many weekends you work. Secondly, saying no at work gives you the space to deliver much better quality work on the tasks and projects that you do work on. You are not spread too thin, trying to do a bit of everything, but not enough of anything. Maintaining your ability to do good work relies on how well you say no to work because you get more requests when you have a reputation for being good. Thirdly, saying no before you end up with too much work enhances your reputation and standing at work. You demonstrate you can judge and manage your commitments and maintain the quality of your performance. Very important qualities in any worker. And fourth, saying no at work gives you the time to plan, organise, consider the bigger picture and all the other factors that go into choosing what to focus your time on for the benefit of your team and organisation. Don't underestimate how important making this time is for how well you can deliver overall in your role. Fifth, saying no at work in the right way increases the respect and appreciation you get from your colleagues and your manager. You are not perceived as a yes person, a walk over or a dumping ground for all the boring tasks. You have a better chance of doing valuable and higher profile work and getting the credit for doing a good job. Sixth, saying no at work gives you the ability to leverage your time and if you manage a team, leverage your team's time. Leveraging time is about increasing the value of your output and your team's output for every hour works. This is key to progressing your career at any level. Seventh, saying no to work allows you to progress your career quicker and more consistently for all the reasons that we've just gone through. That is more satisfaction, more development, a higher standing, nicer holidays and everything else that comes with promotion and progression. And then eighth, surprisingly, I think saying no at work helps you build a stronger reputation as a team player. This is because you deliver on the work that you do do. You are less likely to let team members down because you have the time and energy to do a good job. Your realism and honesty outweighs the annoyance that you have to say no at times. I really don't think anyone can afford to say yes to work when they genuinely can't or shouldn't take on extra work or less important work. Saying yes when you know you should be saying no is very costly to you in the longer term. Don't do it. Learn how to say no without annoying or upsetting the person asking. And how to say no at work is a skill that can and should be learnt and practised by everyone. For those of you that are very relationship focused at work, this applies doubly to you. Saying yes and not being able to deliver well is a lot more damaging to relationships than saying no in the first place. The first step in how to say no at work is always assess the request. Even if it's a slam dunk no, think about what is being asked, what the impact of saying no will be on the other person, on you and on the wider business. You're just going through this thinking process and considering the request demonstrates your respect for the person asking. No one likes a person saying no without thinking through the request. Ask questions about the request so you can assess the priority and importance of the request compared to your current workload. Understand the context of the request and how it impacts other tasks and activities within the business before making a decision. Next in how to say no at work is explain the why. When you have made your initial decision, tell the requester and then explain why. Provide them the context of your decision and the impact of saying no to their request. Here for example, I'm very sorry. I don't think I can say yes to your request. I have four very important projects that I and my team are working on with tight deadlines. I won't be able to give your request the attention it deserves. Saying yes would also impact how well we can deliver on these four projects which in my understanding remain the top priorities for my team. I'm really sorry. Perhaps you can speak too and then try and help them. Your decision should be backed up by reason and logic and a solid business case. You should not say no if you don't want to do the work or don't enjoy it or for other non-business reasons. Always provide the why to your decision when you say no at work. A big factor in how to say no at work is being straightforward and being empathetic. How you say no counts for a lot in maintaining good relationships. Put yourself in their shoes and demonstrate you understand what saying no means for them too. Be honest with your reasons and get straight to the point. You want to make sure the other person is clear as to why you're saying no and understands the reasons behind the choice you've made. If you offer lame excuses or don't share why you can't say yes, they will push back, feel you aren't being reasonable or not a team player, et cetera.  Make your reasons for saying no clear and demonstrate the business case for saying no. Show you understand the position. You saying no puts them in. Try to help them. Yeah, this might be helping them in key parts of their project rather than all of it or organizing help from another part of the business. Be clear and be empathetic when you're saying no at work. Another factor in how to say no at work is body language counts. Managing your tone of voice and your body language while saying no at work is important. You should say no confidently and as neutrally as possible. If you're not confident with your voice and how you hold yourself, the other person is a lot more likely to challenge your decision and the reasonings behind your decision, even if changing your decision is not in the best interests of the company. So be confident when saying no and explaining why. And if you convey happiness, excitement or too much a positive emotion when saying no, then you risk upsetting the individual asking. Yeah, they might think, why are they so excited to be saying no or are they deliberately trying to offend me? You absolutely don't want this response. Equally, if you say no with a lot of reluctance, regret or other similar emotions, the other person is much more likely to try to change your mind. This increases the time spent saying no, which is not helpful to either party. Keep your tone of voice and your body language confident and be as neutral as possible when you say no. The next step in how to say no at work is being prepared to negotiate and compromise. Most of the time after you initially say no, there'll be a period of negotiation. If the other person wants to understand your priorities and workload and you want to understand how important the request is and the impact of saying no or yes. Don't be afraid to negotiate with your manager or more senior staff members when they ask you to do something. Make the time to understand the impact of your decision on what they're asking and your current workload. This will help when you are negotiating and try to avoid being stuck between two more senior members of staff asking you to do tasks or projects. You'll get them talking directly to each other if possible. And being a team player is about understanding, negotiating and reaching a sensible compromise that best helps the team. An example of compromise is agreeing to do the key parts of the project that make best use of your skills but not do the other parts of the project that other staff members can do equally well. Be prepared to negotiate and compromise. And finally, a key factor in how to say no at work is practicing saying no. If saying no well is a skill, to be good at saying no, you must practice to get better. So practice firstly how you assess the request and demonstrate your understanding of both parties' positions. Secondly, practice explaining the why of your decision so it is clear and backed by a solid business case. And third, practice being straightforward and empathetic in how you say no at work. Fourth, practice how you use your tone of voice and your body language to reinforce your decision and reduce the time spent negotiating. And fifth, practice negotiating and reaching compromises that work for you and the other party. Saying no at work is a skill, so practice it. Becoming good at how to say no at work without upsetting or offending the other person is a great skill to have. And I'll put some links in the comments section below of where to find examples of different ways of saying no at work that will not offend. Practice using these different approaches. So in summary, saying no at work is a vital skill to develop, learning how to say no at work is part of being a good team player. Learn how to say no well to keep your colleagues happy with you and for you to enjoy being at work and have manageable levels of stress and pressure. The key factors in how to say no at work are, firstly, always assess the request, secondly, explain the why, third, be as straightforward as possible and be empathetic, fourth, body language counts, fifth, be prepared to negotiate and compromise and then sixth, practice makes perfect. If you have any questions on what saying no at work gives you or how to say no at work, please leave them in the comment section below and I'll get back to you. Thanks very much for watching and I look forward to speaking to you again soon.