Hello and welcome to the spokes ride cast from the Urban Cycling Institute and today We're in Chile, Chile, Canada in the city of Ottawa, Ontario with Matt Hinder who is a Planned in Cycling City alumni, so he's been to Amsterdam with us. Hello Matt. So we're just headed out and it's minus what 17 today minus 17 wind gel minus 25 She's yeah, so we're bundled up and we're here to prove that cycling can happen in cold climates But to begin let's talk about the street that we're just going through right now. What's going on here? It looks like we're on there. We're cycling through Ottawa One of Ottawa's only Warner streets, and this one's actually been around quite a while. I think from the 80s and It was really a push from the group of residents who lived on the street They wanted to see some cool new design. Yeah, and they pushed the city and it happened As you can see it's a bit of a Hodgepodge of planter. It's all placed throughout that are Fulfilling the principles of a winner which is to slow traffic down as much as possible and make it an inviting street that People can walk on. Yeah, we have issues here that we don't have in the Netherlands such as a snow clearing So they're they're actually a it was an interesting story of how they get these tiny snow plows in through this Through the zigzag of a street, but they managed to do it just smaller snow plows, right? Yeah, yeah, it's a bit of a hack job of snow clearing Ottawa gets about three meters of snow every year. So that's a huge consideration when the city is Planning a roadway redesigns and bike infrastructure. Yeah, tell them about the route that we're taking today Matt So we are biking to the train station. Oh, right. We're starting from where I live in Chinatown We're going to head through downtown on Lower Yee Street one of our Ottawa's first protected bike lane and then we're going to Ride along a pathway that was built to parallel the newly constructed LRT network This LRT, when did it open? It opened just a few months ago in September. Yeah, and Along with the opening of the LRT was a new multi-use pathway that parallels most of the route So in addition to transit passengers being fully separated from traffic Pedestrians and cyclists get to enjoy the same benefits. That's awesome So Matt You are working at Alta planning and design, right? That's right. You're a designer there Yeah, so you want to tell us a bit about what you do at that job. Yeah Yeah, I'm coming up on my one-year anniversary. So I have a pretty good understanding of what I do now We do we're a pretty specialized consulting firm and we do Active transportation infrastructure for cities planning and design and engineering and so I Really wanted to specialize my career in bicycle infrastructure I was very inspired by what I saw in the Netherlands when I went there and I met you a couple years ago and Alta is really committed to Creating safe and connected cycling infrastructure and walking infrastructure in our cities here. So I do everything from Concept design. Yeah very early renderings of what a intersection redesign could look like to detail design I work with signals engineers. I work with roadway engineers drainage all of these things that Cycling infrastructure that you wouldn't think about on the surface. All right Has it been? Hasn't been difficult getting this like these Dutch ideas over here because they must look like at you like like you're You got some of these crazy wacky designs that you present to them So you kind of need to tone it down a bit right to kind of fit the context and everything. Yeah, there's a huge Translation that has to happen moving from very progressive cycling countries like the Netherlands to Yeah, just keep talking. We have a lot of a lot of standards here that are You know slowly evolving but slow to adapt and So a lot of the conversation is about retrofitting in good bike infrastructure within our existing paradigm of transportation so you can see that street for example the protected bike lanes were created by Reducing vehicle lanes, but without modifying the curbs really there's a line of parking stops Let's separate this bike lane from a parking lane and then from the roadway. Wow Yeah, you see it's quite skinny. So what we can't actually ride side-by-side here We part of the design of this street Having a street level bike lane for a short distance. Yeah Sorry, what was your question? Oh, we part of the design of this one. This is warrior, right? No, this one is before I moved to Ottawa. Okay, but this this facility really pays in the way for Ottawa to get a Lot of more a lot more cycling infrastructure It this this one carries about I believe it's plus a 3,000 cycles a day in peak season. Yeah, which is a very significant It's a real big success for the street And what do you think is most important for Translated some of the Dutch intersection design ideas over to the the North American context because we have these Colored markings we have even over there here dedicated bike signals What are some progress that you've seen happen in the past few years? Well, one of the big challenges Is So we face in at least the older centers of North American cities is that the intersections are actually quite small At an intersection like this, you know someone progressive would say well, why don't we make a protected intersection? But when you actually try to design a protected intersection at one of these very constrained ones it doesn't work, right? You'd essentially have to have to Eliminate almost all of the vehicle space or really even to the sidewalks and ruin the pedestrian environment. So One of the big challenges here is how do we make a safe intersection or a safer intersection for cycling? Without doing the principles of a protected intersection, which is like dedicated bike signals a setback crossing So there's things you can do Like narrowing and turning radius for vehicles or what we're experiencing right now a leading bike interval That's a completely new right? Yeah, that's a new idea Yeah It's a new idea that it's being spread pretty quickly across Ottawa And I'm hoping other jurisdictions will pick it up as well. Yeah, it's a essentially you want cyclists to Be going ahead of vehicles because that improves the visibility. So this Infrastructure does it with the signal, but also the stop bar for cyclists is two meters ahead of the stop bar for vehicles So when we reach a red light We get to stop ahead At most intersections. So all in all pretty good for the first protected intersection ever in Ottawa, right? Well, sorry first protected bike lane ever and yeah, and it's been iterated a lot of the years as well With higher volumes of cyclists comes more conflicts between cyclists and motorists So even though the intersection might be on a per-cyclist basis safer, there's more conflicts that happen So Some people I believe at least one person has been killed on this bike lane, which has sparked a lot of anger from Community And driven the city to you know really pursue even safer designs and think about how they design the next level of bike infrastructure on the city You now live in Ottawa. So you came from Toronto, which is a much bigger city. Yeah How do you feel about the the lifestyle changes and the differences between living in Canada's biggest metropolis, which has five million people six million seven Some figures to living in the city about only one million. Oh It's been a really great change for me actually Living in a medium-sized city has a lot of benefit everything that you need is Relatively close. Yeah, my partner and I are Living here quite comfortably without a car We can get around mostly by biking walking and transit and then we do a car share when we need to get farther And I've been really impressed with how progressive Ottawa is in terms of its cycling facility design there Because they don't have the pressures of a giant city in terms of very limited space and a lot of traffic happening So George, what does it feel like for you as someone who's now comfortably living in the Netherlands and experiencing world-class cycling infrastructure when you come back to places like Ottawa and Canada and other North American cities. That's a good question. Well, I did the Ceremony of Guards here for four summers. So, you know the the London Buckingham Palace red red red coat big bear skin Cat and I was a musician. So so I would come here every summer for for four different years, but very rarely have I been in Ottawa for for the winter and And and it's very different like there's a lot more infrastructure built and you know what the winter isn't that bad so So coming back for the winter It's a really eye-opening To see that, you know plows they've managed to figure out that yes, we can use smaller plows on on bike lanes Yes, protected intersections can work here in North America. Yes protected bike lanes can be maintained in the winter and You know the cold Isn't that bad, right? For shorter trips It's it's uh, it's actually a bit refreshing to get some cold air in your face and I think to be The only thing that struck me is that the train station is so far away from the city center here in Ottawa and and coming in from Coming in from Toronto I thought right here. Yeah, let's go right So coming in from Toronto, I thought you know I would have definitely taken the train if if it was a bit closer to city center If the service was a bit more frequent But I I hear that the government has plans to really improve that aspect as well Yeah, we did just get a an announcement that the federal government is going to find a big a study for improved rail service between Toronto, Ottawa and Montreal and Quebec city. Yeah We love studies. Love studies Hopefully I'll translate into some infrastructure too And I think you see just like multi-use path that we're on it's It's really a decent size and in the summer Uh, there would be a lot of bikes crowding this path and get super busy But in the winter now with the volume's much lower You know, we're riding really comfortably now to a breast and it's probably four meters across so it's yeah It's seasonally seasonally more variable But if we can convince people you know, just as uh they do in in in sweden and finland that That cycling in the winter is doable And the trails are being maintained Then I don't see a reason why More people can't do this year-round. So that's yeah, that's my big canadian thing. It's like people say there's winters uh I mean it gets a bit cold a bit less pleasant, but yeah, it's still very much doable I think there's two two major barriers that we really need to battle to make winter cycling more common The first one is maintenance of infrastructure Which as you can see, Ottawa is doing quite well on uh many of its pathways and cycling infrastructure Uh as a prerequisite you need to have these facilities cleared in order for people to even consider using them And then the second barrier I think is really stigma I'm always very surprised when I bike places in the winter and The looks on people's faces when they say oh you cycled here Uh, I mean we do kind of look like giants We're ready. We're all geared off and we look kind of weird, but hey, we're warm on the inside, you know Yeah, in a city like this though. Yeah, you have to put on your winter coats or a transit or walk anywhere in the winter But like most of our coats on I don't think I'm wearing anything more than I would if I had Walked or taken the transit today So now we're uh, we're riding over the world's famous Rideau canal The longest skating rink in the world So it's still not quite open even though it's minus 20 outside, but a few more days, right? A bit of prep work that needs to happen, but okay Uh, yeah, it typically opens I think early January, so we're getting pretty close. Yeah Millions of people will skate on this every year, and that's also another form of active Commuting that you get in the winter that's not available during the summer. So people who would go to Ottawa University Would would can have the option of like skating down the canal to California University and yeah, it's actually all the way down town, right? It's a pretty pretty uniquely Ottawa thing to be able to skate to work or skate to school Yeah, and in the summer in the canal you can use your kayaks and boats Whoa, this is a new tunnel. Yeah. Yeah So we're having our first interaction with a new LRT now. Okay We're going through a Tunnel that looks a lot like the ones that go under the central station in Amsterdam. Yeah. Yeah A separated bike path and a sidewalk and then entrance right into the LRT Yeah This this feels very Dutch. This is all part of the new pathway network now Okay, so things have changed in the last four years while I was away. Yeah for the better. Okay And then this squiggly thing uh, Utrecht that step Stephanie Uh skipper's group right that that goes over the schoolhouse over the Utrecht canal Um that kind of mimics this design. Yeah as well We have the little squiggly that brings you up on a more gradual scope. Yeah Yeah, it's like a balance of space efficiency and Providing a comfortable grade for cyclists So we just got to the top of that. We probably went up a story. Yeah, and uh, no out of breath or anything like that We're gonna get a shot of the new uh, Ottawa ULRT station. Uh-huh. So once you're here, this is a uh Designed as a mixing zone Shared space. So it's a pedestrian priority, but cyclists are welcome to use the space And you know the design with good sight lines and a tiled surface Really encourages cyclists to yield and share the space quite well I've noticed even in the summer when there's peak student and cycle traffic Um, there's really minimal conflicts that happen right here So they're really taking the opportunity to use this transit project To make in conjunction with that also an active transportation project. Oh, yeah, and it's so smart too. Yeah, you're building this You know fully separated high speed transit or high frequency good quality transit network the incremental cost of adding active transportation infrastructure on top of that is so small And they're building all these bridges You know the incremental cost of building that bridge four meters wider to have a dedicated pathway is out of the no-brainer And then you know, this is parallel infrastructure to transit, but they're also building infrastructure that allows people to access transit one of the New stations that opened Tony's pasture station was built with 70 bike parking spaces And within the first week all of those parking spaces were full. Yeah So you You did your thesis on bicycle transit integration, right? You did uh A study of different transit agencies in north america and how they how they plan to integrate bicycle and transit Or they how they have Uh, could you tell us a bit about that work that you did? Yeah, so I was really inspired by how well the dutch have integrated cycling with the train network Um, there are thousands of bike parking spaces that train stations across the Netherlands and are always full And they just can't keep up with the construction of these So my research was about, you know, what are the key? factors that affect Cycling rates to train stations as an access mode And then how can that be leveraged to north american transit agencies to be more successful? So the first the top two By far are having good quality infrastructure That is comfortable safe separated and minimal delay Yeah, and then having quality bike parking both short-term and secure bike parking that really put Cyclists at the front of the station Gives you a front row seat to catch the train Yeah, and then a number of other factors, but In north america There's a lot of policy statements that say we want more people to cycle to the train stations But historically cycle rates have been pretty low One out of every hundred train riders will bike to the train or even less So my research was talking about how that can be translated one of the big things is How we what how many cyclists we plan for at the stations if we plan for say, um You know one percent of station access maybe that means we build 50 Bike parking spaces through the station, but if those become full Then we've run out of space and we haven't provisioned for more bike parking It's very difficult because you're building structures out of exactly right So so this is an example of what you're talking about. They built the tunnel slightly wider Yeah, who's accommodates uh this bicycle infrastructure And how's the lighting here? The lighting yeah, oh, there are there are lights at night. Oh, there it is. Yeah and um They actually took advantage of Another aspect of the lrt which is that they need to be able to get maintenance vehicles into the stations Uh, so this doubles as a maintenance vehicle access road Which is why it's so wide that is super smart. Yes And why it's so well cleared because they need to be able to get maintenance vehicles in here quickly at all times Yeah, all right anytime But yeah, we just rode under, um, Ottawa's busiest highway the 417 without really noticing at all We got a little bit of noise, but couldn't see the cars and Now we're past it. That was it. Wow. Okay, so so next this is this is one of the lrt stations And they've they've now dug under For most of the way uh in the the city center. They put the lrt in a tunnel Yes, so it's it's actually a cross between a natural Uh type and that lrt Yeah, um and and Ottawa actually leveraged Uh a smart decision Uh somewhere in the 80s or 70s when they were looking at rapid transit they built Uh instead of an lrt they built a bus rapid transit network Right, which involved a lot of grade separations and dedicated roadways With that bus rapid transit was built with the infrastructure that could be converted to lrt in the future So now that we're out of downtown where the tunnel was new A lot of these bridges and this this is actually the old route of the bus rapid transit. So All of the land was already in place And a lot of the bridges were already in place that made it easier for this project to happen So this is a bit of a narrower section here Uh this is probably one of the bridges that wasn't rebuilt. Uh-huh and we are going over. What is this river? Ottawa river? This is the Rideau river Rideau river So on this bridge you see a bit more right if you have a pedestrian going one way then You're gonna have to close up and if you have pedestrians going both ways then it becomes a real complex point, right? Yeah, our effective width is probably less than three meters. Yeah, we've got this big fence on our left and the concrete there in the right, so Things to think about. Um Could you tell us a bit more about the the train station that we're headed to? So the station that we're going to is uh, there's all the trains on the Quebec Uh to Windsor corridor. So all the trains that go to Toronto the trains that go to Montreal Go there some of them. Some of them skip Ottawa, but a lot of train traffic. Yep Uh So do you see a lot of bikes being parked out there? Uh, you know, they've got a couple racks up front, but uh, there's no significant investment in High-quality bike parking there So I imagine it's not a ton of people that bike to the station Right Like there was a bike sharing solution in the city then that would probably open the door so more people to Easily access the station that way Are there difficult things spring in this type of multi They would call multi-use trail that this type of trailway into the the north american context. I mean, uh, it's it's really just a separated Asphalt the right path, right? So what's what's so difficult about implementing this style of bicycle infrastructure here And selling it as a commuter room as a bicycle highway instead of just a great question Yeah, uh, it really just takes proper planning and integration with other processes if uh for example The city is renewing a bridge reconstructing a bridge someone has to be there Some plan has to be there that says we have a plan for a future Pathway under this bridge and then at that time of that decision The right money will be set aside to widen that bridge to the right amount, right? Ottawa was lucky in that the LRT project led to Uh significant amount of new infrastructure so they could capitalize on all those investments happening at once But you really need a forward-thinking plan and integration through all the processes to get this kind of infrastructure one of the biggest barriers that I see in, um Ontario and this is probably pretty common across north america. The provincial or state level Uh government controls a lot of the highways And is very protective of how the highways are used and highways Everywhere can act as a huge barrier to walking and cycling right either you are going over a giant bridge with high speed on ramps mixing with Uh cars that aren't going to yield to you Or uh, you're just not crossing it at all What I'd love to see more of across ontario and other jurisdictions is Um, we're going to go into the right here. Okay Is good proper planning for fully separated bike underpasses biking and walking underpasses or overpasses across highways And how do you get design guidance for that? Does it exist currently? I know the Netherlands they had the whole they published a whole manual on bridges and and tunnels and and there's a established way of best practices Do you know if there's something similar here or is it just experimentation at this point? well, fortunately Our provincial cycling design guidelines the ontario traffic manual book 18 is uh Currently being updated to be aligned with new best practice wonderful and uh There will be a section in that guide about grade separated crossings. Right. It's going to be pretty high level but what it really takes is a commitment from provincial government and pressure from city governments to create this kind of safe infrastructure it should really be uh You know a consideration of every bridge renewal every highway project Is does this make sense as a spot for a dedicated walking and cycling crossing? And then there needs to be money set aside And the Dutch do that so well They're really good at rapid Rapid bridge replacement or rapid underpass construction. Yeah, that doesn't disrupt traffic too much and then creates that separated infrastructure that cyclists benefit from Now Matt you are an engineer by trade, right? Uh, but at some point you you you got your eyes open to this other social science, I'd say or the design way of thinking of looking at bicycle infrastructure What what was the spark in that like how did you become this number of focused engineer? and and how How dominant is that view in the profession versus um, let's say this the softer perspective on on how how humans experience bicycle Structure and how do we like make cities a better place? What level is the awareness right now in your profession? Well, I had always seen cycling as a very pragmatic thing to do. It's right. It's efficient It's environmentally friendly but until I uh Visited Amsterdam in that course. I had never seen it as a very human thing to do and the benefits of having more human focused transportation And uh having more people cycling isn't just exactly that It's uh transformation of how cities operate and how social systems work Uh in a city where most people cycle Social activity happens by bike just like what we're doing right now Uh, so riding side by side and chatting Um, so much of cycling and smaller In cities where it's less common happen alone, which I think is quite sad When there's so much opportunity to do it together So we are here at the train station. Yeah, it's just to the right. Let's go to the right. Uh, let's just go over there Okay, and uh, and with that, uh, we'll go across the lights. We'll head back on the sidewalk, I guess Uh, with that, I think we're we're gonna bring this to an end because we're cold. You have icicles on your beard Oh, I do So you probably put a face cover back on Um All right, so can you uh, uh, let's get down here on the left. We're gonna go around to the right So with that, uh, can you tell people where they can find you on the internet? Oh, yes, I'm on twitter. Uh-huh at at matt kinder one. Yeah, and I also have a blog That's called www.beyondtheautomobile.ca. Yeah, and I write about uh I write about the next level of thinking when it comes to cycling infrastructure and big ideas and transportation And then uh, I also work for also planning and design. We have our Canadian office right here in Ottawa Canada And uh, I'm dedicated my career to creating the next level of cycling infrastructure and And uh, city building in Canada. Well, Matt, hey, I believe you have a train to catch so good luck on that, eh? Safe travels


وأقولوا في القرآن ما جاءت به آياته فهو الكاريم المنزال وأقولوا قال الله جل جلاله والمصطف الهدي ولا أتأوّاله الحمد لله رب العالمين والصلاة والسلام على عبد الله ورسوله نبينا محمد وعلى آله وصحبه أجمعين السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته كما نبدأ نسأل الله عزا وجل ونبدأ نسأل الله to exhort the mentioned grand peace to our messenger Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم to his family and his companions نحن نصل to the topic of the marriage contract itself the actual, the act, the agreement, the terms and the conditions if you like and like they tell you about any contract you should always read the small print you should always read the terms and conditions so in this episode insha'Allah we're just going to give you an overview of the act what are these you know these two people who came together as a husband and wife on what basis did they come together what's the small print what are the terms and conditions in the contract that's what we're going to cover in this episode so we're going to start by describing the fact that marriage is an act it is an agreement and it's a contract and that's why it's called the contract of marriage and the word نكاح because we covered the word زواج earlier the word نكاح in the language is used for two things it's used for a contract of marriage and it's also used for marital intimacy intimate relations between husband and wife both of these are called like in the hadith of in which the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said اسنع كل شيء إلا النكاح when he talked about a woman who is on her menses and how her husband should interact with her he said do everything with her except نكاح I accept intimacy or an act of intimacy I intimate relations between husband and wife so النكاح it either means intimate relations or it means the actual marriage itself and we already mentioned a brief definition there are many definitions of scholars give but just one definition they said حل استمتاع كل من العقل ديني بالآخر على الواجه المشهور that it is a contract which allows the permissibility of intimacy between the two parties I the husband and the wife with each other in the way that Islam has permitted so it's a contract and a contract comes under المعاملات in Islam right it comes under the topic of معاملات it comes under the topic of the interactions and agreements that we make with people so it has terms and it has conditions الله سبحانه وتعالى called it an act in صورة البقرة I number 237 الله عز وجل he said فنصف ما فردتم إلا أن يعفونا أو يعفو اللذي بيده عقدة النكاح وأنتعفوا أقربوا للتقوى ولا تنسوا الفضل بينكم إن الله بما تعمل ونا بصير الله عز وجل said and if you divorce them before you have touched them before you have been intimate with them or before you have been alone as some of the scholars said alone privately in a situation of intimacy with them and you had declared for them their فريضة their مهر then give them half of what you had declared unless they forgive it they let it go they pardon it and let it go or the one whose hand the عقدة النكاح the act of the نكاح the نكاح contract is in and for you too for the men to let it go and give them the whole amount is closer to تقوى and don't forget the grace that is between you and Allah is all seeing of what you do but here I just wanted to clarify that Allah سبحانه وتعالى he called it and some of the scholars of تفسير when they came to the word اقدة النكاح they said it means it means the contract of marriage and that the contract of marriage is in the hands of the man and that means that the man is the one who has to we're going to talk about the conditions of the contract that has to enter into it and the man has the ability to be uh unilaterally if that's the right word on his own to exit that contract as for the woman we talk about نشوز طلاق خلاع and things like that she has the ability to exit that contract but it's not unilateral in other words she can't do it by herself with the support of anybody else she needs an Imam or a judge قاعدي someone in that position to do that for her instead or at least to support her in doing that the husband نيسحن اقتة النكاح the act of النكاح the contract of the نكاح so Allah عز وجل called it an act but that's not the only thing that Allah سبحانه وتعالى uh called this in the Quran الله سبحانه وتعالى سرط النساء number 21 he said وكيف تأخذونه وقد أفضل بعضكم إلى بعض وأخذنا منكم ميثاقا غاليضا how can you take it back from them when you have been intimate with one another and you have taken or they have taken from you ميثاقا غاليضا a weighty covenant a weighty covenant so Allah called it اقتة النكاح and Allah called it اميثاق a covenant so a covenant seems like I've got some some serious things I've agreed to a weighty promise I promise you know like you know when the Christians get married and they have that whole thing like that they say to have and to hold and to cherish and all that stuff until death was part and whatever like it's a covenant it's like that right it's like you've made a promise that is more than a promise it's more than a contract it's a covenant you've taken something on board as an amana as a responsibility and you've pledged a pledge اميثاقا that you are going to stick to that responsibility so what is this pledge that you had agreed to what is this covenant what is this thing that you said that you are going to stick to no matter what ابن جرير he mentioned a number of different opinions ابن جرير الطبري رحم الله تعالى the great scholar of Tafsir the Imam of the scholars of Tafsir ابن جرير الطبري one of the opinions he mentioned امساكم بمعروف او تسريهم بحسان that the pledge the Muslim makes it's all to have and to hold it to his part and all that stuff that's not what the Muslim pledges that's not the mithaq of the Muslim the mithaq of the Muslim is امساكم بمعروف او تسريهم بحسان either I will keep that lady in the best possible way or I will let her go in a beautiful and excellent way meaning if she stays with me I will treat her with معروف in a good way and معروف can also be in the way that is she would expect from me that people would expect from me that can also be معروف can have two meanings it can be good تأمرونا بالمعروف you command that which is good and it can also be العرف that which is customary and that which is expected so I will when I keep her with me I'm going to keep her in a way that is good and if I ever let her go I'm going to let her go with إحسان in an even better way than she would expect from me because sometimes marriage is break apart happens sometimes marriage is break apart and divorce is not something in Islam that is in an absolute sense rather at the end of the day sometimes marriage is break apart but the husband he pledges his معروف is when I keep you I'm going to keep you in the best way and if I let you go I'm going to let you go with إحسان in the kindest most excellent way that exceeds the expectations some of them said ميثاق is the act itself some of them said إبن جرير mentioned الأقد the نكاح itself that he makes the ميثاق is the act of the نكاح where he says I accept and he takes her as a wife that's the ميثاق and some of them mentioned that it is أخلت مهنة بأمان الله واستحللتهم فروجهنة بكلمة الله we had mentioned this حريث that the prophet صلاحيسام had mentioned in the in the خطبة one of the خطب one of the خطب that he gave that he gave in the فايرول حج that he says you have taken those women as a responsibility from Allah as an أمان in the sight of Allah and their private parts have become حلال for you by the words of Allah by the commands of Allah the words of Allah that were revealed in the Quran the statement of Allah the speech of Allah in the Quran and what the prophet some conveyed from Allah in the Sunnah that has made marriage permissible between the husband and the wife and made intimacy permissible between the husband and the wife you've taken them with the أمان they said the ميثاق is that the husband says I take you as an أمان in the sight of Allah that's a very weighty ميثاق غليضة it's a heavy oath just for the husband to say that I have taken you as a wife as an أمان from Allah I've taken you as an أمان from Allah that's one of the opinions that إبن جرير he mentioned and in the end of the day there is no reason why all of these opinions cannot be taken so the husband it's not you know we don't have any of this to have and to hold and to love and to whatever cherish until death to us part and whatever else the Christians say Our ميثاق our covenant is that we if we keep our wife as a wife we're going to keep her بالمعروف in the best possible way and if we let her go we're going to let her go in the best possible way we agree to the conditions of the نكاح and the rights that are implied by it and we have taken her as an أمان in the sight of Allah that's what it means when we say ميثاق غاليضة a weighty covenant in the sight of Allah because not an أمان from you know أحمد و محمد it's not even an أمان from her father it's an أمان from Allah and that's enough to make any man any man scared as for this keeping her in a good way this is found in سورة البقرة in ayah number 229 أطلاق مراتان فأمساكم بمعروف أو تسريح بإحسان الله عز و جل said divorce is two times this is within the ayah in سورة البقرة talk about divorce either you keep her in a good way بالمعروف in the best way and in a way you know according to the عروف according to the custom and expectations or you let her go in the best of ways with إحسان with the kindest of ways you let her go so that's just the reference for the statement that was mentioned by رحم الله تعالى from a number of the self with regard to what the meaning is غاليضا غاليضا also in سورة النساء الله عز و جل he said وعاشروهن بالمعروف فإن كريه توموهن فعسان تكره شيء ويجعل الله فيه خيرا كثيرا الله عز و جل said the end of the ayah وعاشروهن بالمعروف live with your wives بالمعروف and again بالمعروف it can mean with good live with them in a good way or it can mean live with them in accordance to what the expectations are and the norms are and some of the scholars said this is the most generic and general and comprehensive description of how a man has to be in the marriage contract in the marriage with his wife وعاشروهن بالمعروف everything that is said about how a husband behaves towards his wife can be summarized by the statement of Allah وعاشروهن بالمعروف live together with them in the best way live with them in the best way that's what the husband has to do that's what he's doing when he that's what he's taking on board that's his amana that he's taking on board in the sight of Allah and that's all of the rights of the wife can be summarized وعاشروهن بالمعروف live with them in the best way and in a way that is again we said according to what the customs the norms and the expectations are and if you dislike them then perhaps you dislike something and Allah puts in a great deal of good and how many times is that true that a person dislikes something and thinks it's not good for them but Allah puts in a great deal of good and we mentioned a حديث earlier on regarding one of the female companions and she was she had asked the prophet and he said إنك حي وصامة بن زيد ماري وصامة بن زيد رضي الله عنهم may Allah be pleased with them all and she said I didn't I didn't like it I didn't I wasn't happy with it and then the prophet told her to obey and she married him and she said الله put in it خيرا الله put in it so much good for me so in terms of this contract how does this contract work well this contract has pillars it has أرقان and أرقان are the things which have them the contract doesn't exist at all it's completely false from its you know from the from the bottom from the base of it the foundation of it is false it has to have three essential things for this contract to be the first is وجود as زوجين بلا موانه that and I'm just making this summarize instead of bringing you the whole definition just summarize it that you have the two سبوص without any Islamic reason why they can't get married what would be an Islamic reason why they can't get married كفر for example disbelief that one of them was a disbeliever الله unless the exception of marrying the كتابية the woman from أهل كتاب and that is something that we're not going to dwell on too much here I would just simply say that I would not advise it this time unless it is a necessity for a person because the situation is that there's a lot of issues over children there's a lot of issues over divorce there's a lot of issues over so many things with marrying the كتابية and it's better for a man to marry a Muslim woman rather than look into the كتابية but it could be necessary for some people like the reaver who accepted Islam and his wife is still Christian he can stay married to her for example that might be something to think about but generally كفر is one of the موانه that the husband is not a Muslim or the wife is not a Muslim as I said with exception of أهل كتاب for the Muslim husband who marries a كتابية a wife who is a Jew or a Christian for example نسب could be a man like there could be some relation between them that makes them that means that they can't get married like the close family members that can't marry and things like that محرمية could be one another so they can't marry that's not only down to blood ties it could be other reasons and also ties of breastfeeding as well because breastfeeding establishes the same ties that the blood ties that are established by blood so therefore it could be that the that those are all different reasons why the couple can't get married and if those reasons are uncovered later on the marriage is instantly invalid so someone comes and says I didn't realize I married a woman and I didn't realize that her and I or that that she and I had been fed a breastfed by the same woman we didn't know that instantly the marriage is invalidated and likewise كفر and and he says how could a woman not know that her husband was not a Muslim but it can happen and I've seen personally seen cases like this where the woman married and the husband said yeah I'm a Muslim and maybe the well he didn't really check it out as much as he should have done and he said yeah I'm going to convert and whatever and when you speak to him he says no I don't have anything to do with Islam I just said that to become Muslim or I just said that for the sake of you know converting so here you talk to him you give him a chance to understand Islam you tell him but if he continues to say I'm not a Muslim and I just said it for the sake of getting married then this marriage is not valid so you've got to have true spouses that are compatible with each other you have to have الإجاب and القبول you have to have إجاب which is the offering and the offering is made by the welly of the bride and we say the welly usually the welly is the father in almost all situations but there are some situations if her father is not a Muslim or perhaps he passed away where there might be another welly so the welly of the bride the guardian of the bride offers her in marriage to her her future husband he says for example I offer you so my daughter so and so in marriage I offer you my daughter so and so in marriage and the third pillar is that the husband says the husband to be the groom he says I accept he says I accept or I accept your offer and so on or words to that effect so those are the three sort of pillars that it's based upon as for conditions that things that have to be in place it has to be clear who the two spouses are you know it can't be anything like I married you to my daughter and he's got four daughters that are unmarried so we don't know which of the four he's married to and so upon some cultures this happens I personally never come across anything like this but I've seen cultures where it is the case that a man thinks he's marrying one daughter and on the wedding day he found out that he married another daughter the other daughter so there's no there's no there's no the husband the spouses are not known or I married you to you know Abu Fulan what is Abu Fulan Abu Fulan who is he you know which one where you know like so or or whatever it is you know like so the husband the wife they're not under it's not clear who the two of them are like I offer you and there's like four people standing there and he says I offer you you know what it has to be clear who is the husband who is the wife whatever way you make them clear you know they mention their full name or either you know there's only two of them there and it's a point to one and the other but it's got to be clear who the two spouses are another condition is really the two spouses must be content to marry there's no such thing as forced marriages in Islam we don't have forced marriages in Islam we haven't had forced marriages the Prophet SAW annulled them from the beginning and that's a big misconception about Islam and in Bukhari a Muslim from the حديث of أبي هوريرة أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال لا تنكحوا أي محتى تستأمر ولا تنكحوا البيكر حتى تستأذن قال يا رسول الله وكيف إذنوها قال أنتسكت أبي هوريرة رأيت it from the but أو أن고 تست ο guitars قد يتمiani قد وانتحل أجل أجل90ения بنا فتح دون ليش وقت وراء they said식 من أنه لا يرد يعرف vielleicht بالنسبة أنكم she doesn't say no the father comes and says that i've decided or that we've agreed finally with the husband and whatever the groom that this is going to be the marriage are you content with that you're happy to go ahead either she says yes or either she remains silent but she doesn't say no or she doesn't say that i'm not happy i don't want to marry that person and we have an example of this and it is narrated in uh ابن ماجه سنة ابن ماجه عن بريده ابن الحصيب رضي الله عن قال جاء اتفاته ان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فقالت ان ابي زوجنا ابن اخي ليرفع بخسيسة she said و بريده he said رضي الله عن دلاء a young girl young woman she came to the prophet صلى she said my father has married me off to my cousin to raise his status against my will he's forced me to marry my cousin against my will فجعل الامر إليها فقالت قد اجزت ما صنع ابي ولكن اردت أن تعلم النساء أن ليس إلى الاباء من الامر شي she said or the prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم فقالت اتفاقها و this is from the wisdom of islam it's so beautiful she got married she was forced to marry the prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم فقالت اتفاقها و قال اتفاقها و now you're divorced now not only did you get forced into marriage you're also a divorce you got forced into marriage and you're a divorce gave her choice what do you want to do do you want to if you want to stay with that man you can stay with him and if you want to divorce him i can break up the marriage she said i am okay with what my dad did i've allowed what my dad did but i wanted the women to know that fathers don't have a right to do this thing that's as roughly as i can translate that fathers don't have control the matter is not in their hands it's not the matter that they have the right to decide so it's a beautiful hadith explaining that you have to have both the husband and the wife have to be happy and if it's the case that the wife is not happy or the the bride is not happy and she's forced into it without her permission then in this case she has a choice either to stay in the marriage or either to leave the marriage and it's entirely up to her the next condition that we have is the presence of the and as we said the generally speaking it is the father that's that the father has the right to give his daughter away in marriage however there are times when it might not be the father the father passed away or the father has some reason why he can't be the like for example he's not a muslim and of course it's not allowed for a non-muslim to have authority over a muslim it's not allowed for a non-muslim father to decide for his daughter or to give his daughter away in marriage because that's a kind of authority and it's not allowed for him as a non-muslim to have that authority over his daughter who is a muslim so the welly usually is the father in some cases it might be another relative in some cases it might be the muslim judge or the muslim imam it could be that's in different cases but this also this issue of just randomly choosing a welly is not something praiseworthy you know like some of the revert sisters and they just say like i just choose my welly that's not the way the welly works the welly is the father if the father is not suitable then it goes to the qaldi to the judge and the judge chooses who the welly should be either he takes himself or either he appoints your brother your uh you know your uh uncle uh fulan the owner of this place the the the يعني the imam of the masjid he will appoint somebody but it's not for the woman to say i've chosen this guy is the welly and then the next يعني two weeks later she marries him and this is like folder it's complete chaos this issue of choosing the welly so the prophet صعيسام he said ايوم ايوم امرأة نكحت بغير اذن وليها فانكاحها باطل فانكاحها باطل فانكاحها باطل he said whichever woman she marries without the permission of her welly her نكاح is باطل it's completely invalid her نكاح is invalid her نكاح is invalid and the حديث is narrated in جامع ترمذي and in other places with different wordings it's also a requirement for the contract to have two witnesses and that's because the prophet صعيسام said ايوم ايوم وشاهدين there is no نكاح except with the welly and two witnesses those two witnesses obviously are two male muslim witnesses above the age of puberty who are people of religion and people of honor and يعني who are trusted in their witness and also and some of the scholars made this a condition and it's safer to make it a condition and even though some of the scholars didn't say it's a condition لكن it's it's safer to consider this at least highly recommended if not a condition is the statement of the prophet صعيسام اعلن نكاح announce the marriage and that's in مصنع اليمام احمد announce the marriage in other words that the marriage isn't done in secret and شيخ الاسلام والتيمية رحم الله تعالى he considers to be so important that it can even come above the شاهدين above the two witnesses يعني because at the end of the day if you announce it then it takes the place of that but here I think that we bring all of them together we bring the two witnesses and we announce the marriage and it's safer to consider that condition or a highly highly recommended action that should not be that should not be gone aside from اللهما unless the person is unable to announce it I because they are they got married let's say on a journey and they were not able to announce it to everybody but this idea of secret marriages and this guy's been married to a woman for 10 years nobody knows that he married it's not appropriate and in the opinion of some of the علامة for who are any it puts a great doubt upon the validity of the marriage or at least it's extremely extremely dislike for a person to do that so I consider this to be very serious that the إعلان should be done the نكاح should be announced now some people might be asking about the مهر and as for the مهر the مهر is not the necessarily part of the conditions meaning if the مهر is not mentioned the نكاح is still valid and the مهر just becomes the مهر which is normal or customary for a woman of that status in that kind of place but الله عز وجاه said واتن نساء صدقاتهن نحلة فإنطبنا لكم عن شيء منه نفسا فكروه هني أم مري أسورة النساء أية نمبر فو give the women their مهر there's their صدقاتهن their صداق their مهر نحلة فإنطبنا لكم and if they are happy with if they are happy to give you some or they're happy to share some or spend some on something for you with طيب النفس any like they're totally like content it's not forced it's not like pushed for them and they said they had some of the مهر and they gave it to to the help the husband with something then the husband is allowed to take it هني أم مري or without any concerns or any worries so that is the obligation of giving the مهر but it's not a condition of the نكاح meaning if it's not given it just goes to مهر المثل it just goes to the مهر of what is customary for a woman of that kind of status in that kind of place as for the things which are recommended in the contract then we have the خطبة الحاجة and that is something that i would like to take in the next episode إن شاء الله تعالى to go through with you and translate and take some of the benefits from because that خطبة الحاجة has a lot of benefits in it as it relates to the نكاح and we can look at it from the point of view of the نكاح إن شاء الله تعالى that's coming up in the next episode and that's what Allah made easy for me to mention أنا الله نوز بست والصلاة والسلام على نبينا محمد وعلى آلية وصحبية أجمعين السلام عليكم if you're enjoying these videos and you'd like to keep up to date with all of the courses we're going to be running make sure you head over to amauathome.com


Hello everybody, it's Jo and welcome back. So today is six weeks post op. I can't believe that it's only been six weeks And that I'm actually at six weeks. It's flown by and also gone incredibly slow. I am healing really well All things considered however that abscess slash infection Doesn't seem to be going away very quickly and isn't sealing up So I definitely have a call into the doctor about that. We'll see what happens there But I did want to have you open up to cover up the address on this This box with me because in it Is an item I have coveted for years, but never been able to have because of this state of my ankle before I had an ankle fusion previously and So this was never a possibility for me. I would like to show you what is inside Not really also if you're wondering if I'm wearing a dress alone in my house The answer is yes, and if you're thinking that must be for filming the answer is no In my last video I talked about kind of you know, taking care of myself And how important that has become and so I will dress up alone in the house all day And it is literally just for me. So that has been enjoyable and this is part of that. Let's open it up So I had my ankle fused when I was 15 Previous to that I could have cared less about anything Whoo fashion related Yeah, I know you can't see what's in here yet, but um you find the right side Boots I have been completely unable to wear Any kind of heel like these are so great even the tiniest little itty-bitty heel Sent my ankle into a ton of pain And so I've always worn like tennis shoes and flats all the time And if you're a guy this video is probably incredibly boring, but like these boots Which are beautiful um I am like this is maybe I don't know Quarter a half an inch heel, and I will finally get to wear these I don't have my prosthetic yet. So I can't actually you know fully put them on but this is a start anyways Yep. All right All the packaging this is very anti-climatic when I can only put one on but I'm super excited to be wearing boots Always loved the look of like riding boots. It's really just this camera here So I get to wear them at long last which is um just makes me really really happy one of the reasons I did this amputation was to choose life to like grab life by the horns, which I believe is the slogan of dodge Ram Some car company, but honestly to be able to make you know my own choices and not be governed by Just the pain in my body anymore And so a very very tiny small part of that is being able to do silly things like wear boots again Six weeks post-op is going well so far. I'll be able to wear boots again I'll be able to wear heels once I have a heel wearing leg The leg that I'm getting doesn't actually like you know This was a foot it doesn't adjust down so I can't like actually wear a heel heels But I honestly could not hear less But it should allow for a very slight heel so I'll see if they actually work in my prosthetic when I actually go up there on Monday If this wound will close I will be able to stand in my prosthetic But it's not looking so hot disappointment is part of this journey and I am learning to cope with that and to put it in the appropriate mental box Breathe smile and move on. Thank you guys for watching as always.  They're super cool on YouTube and I I'm not that cool just yet So thanks for watching guys. I am Joe. I look forward to seeing you guys next time. Please take care of yourselves until then


Item number. SCP-838. Object Class. Safe. Special Containment Procedures. To prevent SCP-838 from affecting civilians, Foundation agents are to be placed on the staff in charge of managing the classified ad section at major newspapers in the Chicago area. Alternatively, the cooperation of the newspaper may be obtained for similar purposes. No ads matching a form taken by SCP-838 are to be printed. Description. SCP-838 is the collective term for a series of job ads, appearing in newspapers that print in the vicinity of Chicago, and whatever agency is behind them. The job offered varies between instances, and has included positions in accounting, management, and janitorial work, among others. These ads are entirely mundane unless responded to. Attempts to trace these classifieds have proven unsuccessful. The next time a person who has responded to SCP-838 falls asleep, he or she immediately enters REM sleep. Upon awakening, the affected individuals report experiencing extremely vivid dreams of having had a job interview for the advertised job in a large windowless office building at a company called Pellis, Inc. Subjects deemed qualified are offered a job. Anyone hired by Pellis, Inc. is to be considered part of SCP-838-1. Those not offered jobs are unaffected. When members of SCP-838-1 sleep during the week, they report vivid dreams of working in what is believed to be the same building that the interview took place in. In these dreams, the workforce of Pellis seems to consist entirely of persons who have responded to SCP-838. Testing has shown that communication while asleep between members of SCP-838-1 is possible, indicating some degree of connectedness between the dreams. During the weekend, members of SCP-838-1 experience good dreams. Though the exact nature of these dreams varies greatly between individuals, they are universally reported to be highly enjoyable. This effect appears to be payment for the work done during the week, as persons with higher ranking positions generally seem to report better dreams than those in lower ranking ones. A workday for a member of SCP-838-1 seems to be eight hours, with sleep beyond this point being normal. Consequently, if prevented from sleeping for eight hours in a day for an extended period of time, a member of SCP-838-1 may be fired. Affected individuals may be fired for poor performance as well. Third members of SCP-838-1 only report dreams of being homeless. Interview 838-5 Interview between Dr. Eisen and D4-1157, who was an accountant before his conviction. Dr. Eisen. Hello, D4-1157. Could you please state for how long you have been a member of SCP-838-1? D4-1157. You had me read that ad five weeks ago. Dr. Eisen. What has been your experience when you sleep? D4-1157. Rather dull dreams. In them, I'm an accountant for this palace company. And that's it.  Dr. Eisen. What happens if you try to leave the building? D4-1157. I just can't. There's no doors or windows. I'm not even sure if there's a first floor. No elevators. Dr. Eisen. And how about during the weekend? D4-1157. Oh, that part is wonderful. It varies. Last Saturday night, it was like I was five, and I had a great birthday party where I got to ride dinosaurs. Yes, a bit silly, but it felt great. They're all like that. Dr. Eisen. What kind of accounting work are you doing for them? What does Pellis do? D4-1157. Funny thing that. I don't know. As far as I can tell, Pellis does nothing but employ people to keep it running. But that makes sense. It's not like they're real or anything. Interview 838-12. Interview between Dr. Eisen and D2028, who was instructed to act to get himself fired. Dr. Eisen. Good morning, D2028. Could you please state for how long you have been a member of SCP-838-1? D2028. Expletive, you. You told me to get myself fired. Dr. Eisen. D2028, please be cooperative. D2028. Why should I? Do you have any idea what it's like? I've been homeless for real, and it's not a patch on what it's like in there. In the real world, the rats don't seek you out. In the real world, it's not always freezing.  Incident 838-2. D1950 answered an SCP-838 ad for a management position and was hired as a middle manager. After six months, he told researchers that he was going to be promoted to senior management, and that he was told that the job had many new rights and responsibilities. The next night, D1950 lapsed into a coma, though brain activity matched that during REM sleep. D1950 was kept alive on life support apparatus for the next month, during which no major changes were noted, aside from massive dopamine surges during weekends. Uncomplete. If you missed the previous orientation, go watch SCP-837, multiplying clay, right now. Or for the complete course, watch this playlist.


The Lagos State Commissioner of Police, C.P. Idohu O'ahua, has disclosed that late singer Irelio Lua, a law bar, aka Morban, began vomiting and developed goosebumps after he was injected three times by a nurse, Faisayo Ogedengbe, on September 12, 2023. The Lagos C.P. disclosed police at a press briefing on Friday at the State Command Headquarters, Ikeja Lagos. O'ahua was given preliminary reports of investigation conducted by the police team to unravel the circumstance that led to the death of Morban. The C.P. said a total of 26 witnesses have been interviewed. He also said those interrogated include Morban's father, mother, sisters, brother, wife, and manager among several others. The C.P. said Morban was brought in dead to the hospital and he was certified dead by doctors on duty on September 12. According to the C.P., the nurse, Faisayo Ogedengbe, who was invited by Morban's friend Ayoba Mr. Dick, aka Spending, to inject the singer at his residence, administered three injections believed to have led to the chain of reactions that eventually led to the singer's death. So you get notified about fresh news updates.


Hi guys, with me Erin, she is from McEwen University. Let's talk to her. Hi everyone, thanks for listening to learn a little bit about McEwen University. We are located in Canada, in the province of Elbrough and the city of Edmonton, in the heart of Durantown. We are an undergraduate university and we offer both two and four year courses in several subjects. There can be science, business, community studies, things like social work and child and youth care. And also in the fine arts, especially notable programs like design, as well as we also have a nursing school if you're interested in that area. It's good to know there are many courses in McEwen University. Students, please contact Erin for admissions. We'll help you with that also. Thank you. Thank you.


Hey everybody Matt here for laden sports cards are up in one box of 20 22. I'm sorry 2021 22 top's chrome You have to champions league soccer hobby box. This is for young J Good luck Gabby rookie. This is Giorgio Scalvini Rookie mini diamonds to 250. It looks like purple mini diamonds. There's messy and refractor Fabio Vieira Vieira speckle or sparkle cream, adi-yemi Cristiano rookie Yeah, and this is orange yellow That's sir Serge Nabri Serge Nabri Serge Nabri He's pretty nasty Oh Isaac Lahaji Rookie and chasing glory Virgil van Dijk. It's future stars rookie call Palmer It's Hannibal rookie Manuel Agarte rookie. That's aqua wave to 199 Nice color match with his jersey there Michael F. I saw your other order come in. So we'll just I'll rip those together Cisco this is refractor Alessandro Bustoni Felix my bimby rookie and Refractor Weigh horse while we go horse Oscar man Guiza rookie Giorgio Scalvini rookie and Leroy same sunny Leroy sunny Leroy sunny That's a fuchsia or magenta mini diamonds to 175 There's Ronaldo now Snorlax Allison Becker and Sergio busquets Busquets Busquets refractor Learn how to pronounce some soccer names today Weston McKinney speckle did he have drug buh glazo That is Jules Kunde Future stars since I started wearing glasses again Effective the chrome dust is like amplified as future stars Charles Decode decadal air refractor auto that is Mohammed's Simicum refractor auto to 199 Wendalski and Reese James refractor on the back refractor And scar enough and that will do it for your break appreciate it young J We'll get that and your seal box shipped right out to you


Hello, everyone. This is Alice Gao. In this video, I will discuss the de-separation definition, which we can use to determine whether an unconditional or conditional independence relationship holds or not. Here's the definition of de-separation. There are two variables x and y, and the set of observed variables e. If the observed variables e block every undirected path between x and y, then we say that e de-separates x and y. To determine whether x and y are independent, given the observed variables e, we can verify whether e de-separates x and y. If de-separation holds, then the independence relationship holds as well. Let me clarify a few things regarding the de-separation definition. First, to verify the definition, we need to consider every undirected path between x and y. The word undirected means that we do not care about the direction of the arrows on the path. As long as a series of nodes and edges connect x and y, we will consider it the path. Second, there may be multiple paths between x and y. We need to consider every path and verify that e blocks every path between x and y. Third, on each path, there could be multiple nodes between x and y. The path is blocked if at least one node blocks the path. As soon as we find one node blocking the path, we are done and we can move on to a different path. In the worst case, we need to check every node and discover that none of the nodes blocks the path. Given this definition, our task boils down to the following. Pick a path between x and y and pick a node on the path, determine whether the node blocks a path or not. This leads to our next question. What does it mean to block a path? Let me explain this in three scenarios. Interestingly, these three scenarios correspond to the three key structures that I discussed previously. In each of the three scenarios, we will look at one path between x and y and consider one node n on the path. The three scenarios differ by the direction of the two arrows on both sides of n. Scenario number one, the two arrows around n point in the same direction, forming a chain around n. I drew the arrows pointing to the right, but it's fine if they point to the left as well. In this scenario, if n is observed, then n blocks a path between x and y. This rule is similar to the first key structure that's a chain. If we observe whether alarm is going off or not, then burglary and Watson become independent. You can think of observing alarm or observing n as cutting the chain at that node. Scenario two, the two arrows around n point away from n to the two children a and b. If the arrows depict causal relationships, you can think of a and b as unreliable sensors of n. If n is observed, then n blocks the path between x and y. This rule is similar to the second key structure. If we observe alarm, then Watson and Gibbon become independent. Scenario three, the two arrows around n point toward n. a and b are both parents of n. If the arrows depict causal relationships, then a and b jointly cause n to happen. The descendants of n are also important in this scenario. The rule says that if we do not observe n, and do not observe any of n's descendants, then the path is blocked. This rule is similar to the third key structure. If alarm is not observed, then burglary and earthquake are independent. If alarm is observed, burglary and earthquake become dependent. Note that this rule is the opposite of the first two rules. The first two rules say that n blocks a path if n is observed. This third rule says that n and its descendants block the path if they're not observed. These three scenarios together define what it means for a path to be blocked. That's everything on the de-separation definition. In the next video, I will go over several examples of applying de-separation to determine whether an independent relationship holds. Let me summarize. After watching this video, you should be able to explain the de-separation definition. In particular, what does it mean for a node to block a path? Thank you very much for watching. I will see you in the next video. Bye for now.


Hello and welcome to the session. The given question says, Madan Lal has an annual income of Rs. 330,000 exclusive of HRA. He contributes Rs. 5000 per month towards his GPF and pays an annual LIC premium of Rs. 15,000. He has invested Rs. 10,000 in NSCs. He pays Rs. 4,500 as income tax per month for the first 11 months, find the income tax liability for the last month of the financial year. So, let's start with the solution and we shall be solving this question by following the following procedure to calculate the tax and this is for the financial year 2005-2006. First step is to find the gross income of the SSC. In the question we are given that the annual income of Madan Lal is Rs. 3,30,000. So, this gross income is equal to Rs. 3,30,000. This is the first step. Next step is find the amount of donations if any eligible for deduction and here since Madan Lal did not make any donations therefore, we move on to the third step which says find the amount of total savings maximum to Rs. 1,00,000. So, the third step is to find the total savings. Now, we are given that contribution to GPF as Rs. 5,000 per month therefore, Rs. 5,000 into 12 per year. This is equal to Rs. 60,000. Also, we are given that he pays an LIC premium of Rs. 15,000 annually. Therefore, further we have payment sorry to LIC and this is equal to Rs. 15,000 and also he invested Rs. 10,000 in NSCs therefore, contribution to NSCs is equal to Rs. 10,000. Therefore, his total savings is equal to Rs. or adding these three we have Rs. 85,000. Next in the fourth step we have to subtract the sum of amounts obtained in step 2 and 3 from the amount of a step 1. So, in the fourth step to find the taxable income we shall subtract Rs. 85,000 from Rs. 3,030,000 since second step that is the amount of donation is nil. Therefore, to calculate the taxable income we have Rs. 3,030,000 minus 85,000 and this is equal to Rs. 245,000 and then the next step is round of the amount if not to the nearest multiple of 10 and get the taxable income and here since the amount we got in step 4 was already a multiple of 10. So, let's move on to the next step which says compute the income tax on the amount obtained in step 5 round of the amount of tax to the nearest rupee and let us call it as I and to compute the income tax we shall be using the following table and here we are given the rates of income tax that is if the taxable income does not exceed Rs. 1 lakh the income tax is nil. If the taxable income exceeds Rs. 1 lakh and is less than Rs. 1,050,000 then the amount of tax is 10% of the amount by which the taxable income exceeds Rs. 1 lakh and so on. Let's see what is the taxable income here we have here the taxable income is Rs. 2,45,000 which lies in this lap here we have the taxable income between Rs. 1,050,000 and Rs. 2,050,000 so here the tax is Rs. 5,000 plus 20% of the amount by which the taxable income exceeds Rs. 1,050,000 therefore in the sixth step income tax is equal to Rs. 5,000 plus 20% of the amount exceeding Rs. 1,050,000 so we have Rs. 2,45,000 minus Rs. 1,050,000 and this is equal to Rs. 5,000 plus 20 divided by 100 into Rs. 95,000 and thus on further simplifying gives Rs. 5,000 plus on simplifying we have here 19,000 which is equal to 24,000 so the amount of income tax is Rs. 24,000 in the seventh step we have to calculate the surcharge on I at the applicable rate and added to the amount of income tax which we have obtained in step number 6 and to get the total taxable income. Let us denote the income tax obtained in step 6 by I and the rate of surcharge is 10% of the amount of taxable payable if the taxable income exceeds Rs. 10,00,000 and here since the taxable income is not more than Rs. 10,00,000 therefore moving on to the next step which says calculate the amount of says payable on the amount obtained in step number 7 and the rate of says is 2% of the amount of taxable so here the eighth step is to calculate the says which is 2% of the income tax and income tax is Rs. 24,000 so we have 2 divided by 100 into 24,000 which is equal to Rs. 480 now the next step is at the amount obtained in step 7 and step 8 and since step 7 was not applicable so we shall be adding the amount obtained in step number 8 to the amount obtained in step number 6 to get the taxable so the taxable is equal to Rs. 24,000 plus Rs. 480 and this is equal to Rs. 24,480 the question further says he pays Rs. 4500 as income tax per month for the first 11 months therefore tax deducted which is also called TDS for 11 months is equal to Rs. 4500 into 11 and this is equal to Rs. 49,500 and since here the TDS is equal to Rs. 49,500 is greater than the tax payable which is Rs. 24,480 therefore he has no liability for the last month of the financial year thus we can find the tax refundable in the 12th month and this is equal to Rs. 49,500 minus Rs. 24,480 and this is equal to Rs. 25,020 hence our answer is mother laws income tax liability is equal to Rs. 0 so this completes the session by intake care


Hello everybody, E here. Welcome back to another Stephen King book review. I know you guys are anxious for this You've been asking in the comment section over and over and over again on other videos Sorry, it took so long, but I wanted to enjoy the book. So I hope you understand that That I want that when Stephen King's when Stephen King Publishes a book. It's an event for me. I look forward to it all year long If it's two books a year, you know twice twice a year I'm look I'm looking forward to it and I want to be able to enjoy the book like you want to be able to enjoy the book His longer books, of course, are gonna take longer. This one wasn't that long But there was a lot of stuff in here that I needed to focus on I couldn't blow through it because it Ties heavily into the Stephen King universe. I will have a Thursday theorist up next week with all the ties that I found Please don't post any spoilers or anything down there in the doobly-doo about any connections Wait for that other video to pop up before you do that. Anyways on with the review Okay, so this book follows Jamie.  He's his a single mother He has an uncle with early onset dementia or Alzheimer's. I can't remember which one But all that is important to the story they There's another character named Liz that at the beginning is Jamie's mother's a girlfriend and She become Liz becomes a major character in the story There who this book? But I don't know why but it bored me to death for the first about hundred pages There wasn't anything wrong with it It was fine. It really felt like a better written odd Thomas But I think it had a lot to do with I'd seen this type of character a lot before with Stephen King Because this is basically Danny Torrance all over again, but as a teenager There is a huge huge connection to the Stephen King universe And one of his best novels it comes into play. There were rumors that this might be happening As a full fledged novel like it, you know a standalone a big tome or whatever It's not if you've heard the rumors if you read the book and you've heard the rumors This is probably what they're talking about so and I know I'm being obtuse here, but I Don't want to spoil anything for you and please don't spoil anything for the people down there in the doobly-doo If you do I'll be watching and I will remove you anyways I let people enjoy things man. Let people find them for themselves So the but after once the twist not the twist We'll get to the twist in a second once the reveal of the connection comes in I started to enjoy myself more now I don't know if I enjoyed myself more because of the connection or because the book actually got better I don't know I could be a biased Stephen King fanboy here a hundred percent. I Could be I don't think I am I think it actually got better once the the Plot kicked in because before that it's just it was more it felt like There was a bunch of stuff in there like a hearts and Atlantis not low men in yellow coats Or even what at Harrigan's phone that kind of thing it felt like that too It just all felt really familiar until you know the next part which is odd because he references other books in here But once he starts doing that it feels Like something else I guess This book I I think it's the perfect length once again I'm not sure it fits with hard case crime. It's not a hard-boiled noir It is a horror story about a psychic kid His family hit the the relationships between the other people It's your basic Stephen King fair up until that point where he throws in a fastball now If you're like Dane Cobain hello, Dane It or any any other people who who get upset when Stephen King goes supernatural with a story that's you know That you don't think doesn't need it you are not going to have a good time with this book The ending in this book is absolutely wild It has a great ending a fantastic ending and a twist that I didn't see coming It's it's odd to see Stephen King write a thriller not it's not really a thriller twist Don't get me wrong, but there's a twist on who's who at at the end that I was like Oh, wow, he went full John Irving If you've read it and you've read all of John Irving's books, you know what I'm talking about But I wasn't expecting it. It was something just completely I say it dropped my jaw it may not do that for you But it did for me because I don't expect twists like this in a Stephen King book. I just don't But the ending this is one of Stephen King's best endings. I think I Would probably put it in top 10 I really love the way this one ended the visuals in this one are very striking But Stephen King is always like that the I think the best visuals have to do with Terrio Who who I read the entire time as the Ralt But it's Terrio because I listened to the audiobook also right after I got done with this That's another reason why it took me so long to do the review because I like to give you guys if I can I like to give you guys the The audiobook, you know, whether or not the audiobook is as good as the text or if it's better or whatever Also, this book is available unscribed. It was available on scribe day one. So if you have a Subscription for them definitely, you know, check it out there I'm not sure if the text the e-book is on there, but I know the audiobook is if you don't have scribe There's a link down the doobly-doo if you use that I get a free month. You get a free month. In fact, you make you two free months I don't know But use that if you want to It's it's a good service. There are some issues and some hiccups In fact, I'll probably be doing a video about that separately Why am I talking about that here because the majority of you watch the Stephen King videos? So I wanted to throw that out there that I will be doing something too. It's a fix for one of the Let's see here one of the glitches that's going on right now for scribe. Anyways back to the review My favorite part of the book just like with every Stephen King book is the characters the character development I think the characters are very very well done. They are nothing new though That's why I'm taking off a full star for this one because he he kind of went full being coons here He just kind of recycled all of his his previous stuff Even though I did enjoy the stuff that he recycled in the in the last half of the novel the connections the fan service I really enjoyed that But the beginning dragged for me. I was waiting for something to happen I didn't I didn't really care too much about the the writer subplot In fact, I I don't I don't know it. I mean it fits it works because it has a it serves a purpose It's just I didn't I didn't care too much about that one I do like that the this is a kind of a spoiler So if you want to click away now, just go ahead. I've said everything out the next thing I'm going to say is kind of a spoiler I do okay anyways spoilers in three two one. No, just kidding. Anyways, but yeah spoilers for real The I like the idea that the dead can't lie. There's no reason for them to be able to lie Any reason for them to lie they're dead It's over and done with you might as well tell the truth And I really really the one of my favorite parts of the book is when Terrio doesn't want to tell And that it anyways that that whole that whole thing I thought that was especially well done I don't know that I'd ever seen anything like that before So if you have let me know down there in the doodly-doo because I hadn't I like that rule I really enjoy that rule because it makes sense to me in a supernatural way And it makes a lot of sense. I guess the last thing I want to mention is There gonna be a lot of you who do not like this book And I respect that completely but I There's so often Especially in the Stephen King fandom you guys get really really excited just like me.  If you have let me know down there in the doobly-doo Whether or not you loved it whether not she hated it once again if you loved it or hated it Let me know why so that we can have a discussion, but until next time. I have any you've been you this been another book review I'll talk to you guys later. Bye. Bye


proudly we hail from New York City where the American stage begins here is another program with a cast of public service time has been made available by this station for your army and your Air Force to bring you this story as proudly we hail Julia Ward how our story is entitled song of glory a true story of the immortal Julia Ward how our first act curtain will rise in a moment but first this story about a courageous American woman of the past prompts me to say a few words about courageous American women of the present who are serving their country as service women in the United States Army and United States Air Force they had the gratifying knowledge that they are writing new pages in the history book during one of the most critical periods in our nation's history you can join these women by volunteering in the WAC women's Army Corps or in the WAF women in the Air Force visit your nearest United States Army and United States Air Force recruiting station and enlist now and now your army and your Air Force present the proudly we hail production song of glory let me tell you about the girl humming that tune her name is Julia Ward someday she's going to sing a thunderous song of freedom a battle cry for equality but she isn't singing that song of freedom yet she's just an ordinary girl in the Boston of the 1840s a bit prettier than average but still very much like a lot of girls you know yourself Julia's mother died when she was a little girl and so her father raised her there were some things he could teach her but she had to learn for herself the bitterness of life and she had to learn harshly one of the she was to learn the night in her life when she met Samuel howl good night Reverend Barker and thank you for bringing your friend Mr. Howl good night Mr. Howl miss Ward I feel I cannot leave without apologizing apologizing Mr. Howl my conversation was not entirely pleasing to you would have been better had I not discussed my work on the contrary the description of your day makes ours seem like a sugar water existence you will accept my apology all the same of course Mr. Howl since you feel compelled to extend it good night Mr. Howl an evening well spent Julia in some ways you're quite the hostess your mother was in some ways father did I do something wrong I must say Sam Howl is a brilliant man I've never heard a talker quite like him he doesn't have to wet his tongue to do it he had much to talk about well I'm tired I'm afraid you showed evidence of that while mr. Howl was talking did I I didn't mean to did you really try Julia I know what you mean that I was rude and showed what I felt of his conversation but it was for everyone's sake it was so terrible listening to all that talk about incurable blindness cripples insanity Julia he is establishing a foundation here in Boston I don't care it was horrible listening to it all can't you see Julia Julia stop it this instant what yeah here Julia sit down beside me I have something to tell you you're 23 for 16 years now I've been both mother and father and perhaps not very successful as either but one thing certain I changed a great deal with your mother's death when she died I was left very much alone but I soon realized that I had to work to fill the bleak emptiness left by her death Samuel Howl is doing that for others for those who cannot help themselves to a fuller life your healthy pretty talented so most of your friends tonight perhaps for the first time you realize there are others in the world not so wonderfully fortunate as you those are the people Mr. Howl is trying to help I like to think of Sam Howl as well as a pioneer there are too many people who don't know that these people exist need help too many who seem to despise them for their ills father father what can I say don't ask that question ask yourself instead what you can do Miss Ward I was told I'd find a young lady waiting in my office you didn't expect it to be me well I was afraid my behavior in your home the other night it was I who should have behaved differently Mr. Howl you were an excellent hostess Miss Ward no no I was rude and abrupt and worse than that I was intolerant thank you for coming and telling me that I came for another reason my father enjoys your company very much and with Reverend Barker returning to Washington I was afraid for his sake only for his sake for mine too I could profit from knowing you Mr. Howl I hope you'll come often to our house thank you I hope you'll come often to visit me here father says that someday this may be an historic clinic what a great sense of satisfaction it must give you to bring hope into lives surrounded by darkness I look upon what they bring to my life a great deal for the lame the blind see more clearly than we through suffering their eyes have seen a glory that's denied to you and me with this deepening sense of values a new feeling was sweeping over Judea Ward perhaps distantly she was hearing the first notes of the great song of freedom she was to write but at that time the music she heard had other meanings for her we've danced three in a row sure I'm not tiring you I feel very happy not tired in the least afraid I haven't made much progress with these new steps you've made amazing progress what about the new steps you've taught me to any progress it's amazing to me you're able to work the long hours you're doing more amazing you understand so much of the work so short a time but you should spend more time on the poetry or beginning to write work at the clinic gave it its beginning that and something else something father says every young girl is bound to feel you mean there's someone toward whom you feel drawn someday I hope to feel worthy of his affection man must be a fool not to showing you that you are the man himself will tell you that his progress is very slow you mean Sam who do you think I mean Julia Ward and Samuel gridley howe were married in the spring of 1843 and then the gradual procession of years patient years years of struggle so that others might walk with sturdy limbs and a sense of sight the path through the years and because they were two people in love joy had its counterpoint of sorrow two themes building in the heart that was to give the world its song of freedom an evening in the how home in Boston in the early months of the year 1861 and you say you've looked everywhere Jenny and every one of his hiding places mother then I will come out of hiding Mrs. Howe so that Jenny may search for her young suit my mother Mr. Whittier was hiding in that chair all the time please accept the apologies of a crotchety poor Miss Howe and seek that young man I will Mr. Whittier the reason for my disappearance was that I was meditating on a dedication for a volume of verse to the charming wife of Samuel Howe John Greenley Whittier wishes to dedicate a book of verse to me all evening I've been wanting to ask you if I may but the word the phrase to describe you perhaps it can be found in your work for the blind the disabled that work is a dedication in itself I've learned strong lessons that perhaps is the secret of all great work I've done very little may look upon it that way I too feel your greatest work is yet to come I don't understand what you mean I don't really know myself except that well you have recognized this quality and other so you must know what I mean you've given a welcome and encouragement to young Mr. Whittman for this reason when the rest of us have well rather shunned him haven't you because his verse sounds ragged to your ears there's little music in a muted drum roll but when it speaks loud and full you'll listen freedom speaks through Walt Whittman your love of equality to this I could write my dedication and yet it doesn't tell everything here what of Julia the mother whose many sorrows I've given three children to God and find great joy in the one that he is left to me Jenny how like my golden girl if she had lived how happy it must make you that such a nice young man is in love with her it has brought me the greatest happiness of my life I think Arthur Stanley was sent to make up for many sorrows my son Richard would have had just that honest look on his face George would have had his vigor yes Arthur Stanley is a nice young man and the flowers spring to blossom where she works I thought Mr. Whittier would really get a chuckle if he knew you were reading his poetry to me he says he seems a lot better than I could silly you're always good enough for me except for some of the things you say they frighten me because you're afraid to open your eyes can't you see what's happened president Lincoln has been handed a lighted fuse next few weeks may determine whether there be a union or not neither be a war to decide this with the possibility existing we can't live in a world of sentiment and poetry hey even your mother's poetry doesn't face the real problems I think Arthur the real problem is one we're all afraid to face even you this is how I'm sorry I had no idea please don't apologize you're right Arthur we don't admit to ourselves what it really means war you speak of the nation it will tear us under and that's a terrible thing but have even you Arthur given thought to the lives and hopes that will be torn as well I wish there were some other way that's what I meant when I said that I know what you meant it's a great tragedy that we cannot bring our experience to bear and find a solution to the problems with our minds the president is trying to do this and every day you and I pray that he will be successful and yet all Arthur talks of his fighting are going away to fight I'll have to Jenny if it comes to war but with the president working so hard how can it come to war a single shot can start a war it could come any day there's a garrison commanding the entrance to Charleston Harbor I've heard that it'll be a fired upon unless it surrenders within a week could this start a war we must pray with our president that it will not a military post that no one even knows the name of I think the garrison Arthur's referring to is called Port Sumpter at 4 30 in the morning of April 12 1861 a dull report jars the heavy oppressive silence of Charleston Harbor hundreds of eyes watching on the shore follow a spark as it hurtles through the darkness swinging over the harbor it descends seems to hover for a split second then bursts into flame war has come you are listening to the proudly we hail production song of glory will return in just a moment for the second act love and loyalty to one's country have never been the exclusive attributes of men women too have given concrete evidence of their devotion and courage now more than ever before the services of women are urgently needed to undertake thousands of jobs in the armed forces where a critical manpower shortage threatens the defense effort more than ever before the united states army and united states air force needs young women in its expanding forces so go to your nearest army and air force recruiting station have a talk with the recruiting sergeant he'll help you decide how you can best serve your country volunteer for service in the whack women's army corps or in the whack women in the air force do it today you are listening to proudly we hail and now we present the second act of song of glory discord and anxiety were the two themes playing counterpoint in the heart of the nation judy howl listened to the angry notes the timpani of hate and in a paper published by her husband and herself the commonwealth she sought to find a way out of the discord her pen wrote tirelessly articles editorials in spite of her anxious thoughts for author stanley and others about whom there'd been no word for six months since the outbreak of war and then in the twilight of an autumn day that same year at the howl home in boston julia what jenny and i have a surprise for you oh what sort of jenny i think your mother's ready when you see mother look who's come home to us author hello mrs howl why author well you look wonderful doesn't it you gave us no word that you were coming well i wrote as soon as i got leave for my regiment but i got here ahead of the letter he said sometimes when our letters were delayed he'd get hold of a copy of a commonwealth it was like a letter from home not only to me knowing the work you put into it but to all the men fighting with me like a letter from home knowing the folks back home were in the fight too and only a moment ago i was really beginning to doubt if the effort was succeeding this will only inspire her to work all them later into the night not if i have anything to say about it the general order was issued that all soldiers must return to their regiment at once i only have a few hours with you well we'll make them count won't we mother oh we will yes you can be sure we will carriage has disappeared down the road hampton will bring jenny back from the station shall we leave a light burning your last words to him were goodnight son well you soon be marrying our daughter if our sons had lived they'd be like him yes i'm sure of it strong you know i think his strength has doubled the strength from within that is where it comes from i think you're going to leave this light burning for jenny i'm going to stay and work by this lamp for a moment all right you good night good night dear strength in his body the strength in my hand i gave my son a palace and a kingdom to control the palace of his body the kingdom of his soul hey well somebody stop playing that tune for just a minute so i can get on with this letter oh dearest jenny it's not easy writing by the light of a kerosene lamp not easy to keep that tune out of your head every harmonica plays it in a soldier's camp but i'm getting used to it even to the shells falling near arbent campments harmless lightning comes closer than the others shaking the position and you hear the harmonica still playing the same tune you're sort of glad to have a battle him even one that has no words he says they're camped at a place near manassas mother are you listening yes dear i know where manassas is and how cold it can be in the winter but he says we probably haven't heard of the place they're camped how far from manassas it's bull run sam sam you don't suppose she saw this letter was it lying here like this i think so i don't blame her for reading it we've been acting so strangely wounded so badly we've got to find her you don't suppose she's going to be with him it's what i'm very much afraid of she'll be in various letter where is it he he says in all conscience i cannot ask you to come here to washington the opposing sides in the retreat from bull run have come this far and are posted on opposite sides of the potomac shelling each other constantly an attack is expected momentarily oh sam i'll leave it once for washington he will help us i'm going with you you've been through an illness i must go there are two young people in two young people closer to us than all the world late i'm glad you arrived before nightfall they wouldn't bring the train into washington we had to take a carriage from the last stop have you seen her reverend parker she came here i arranged for her to visit him at his bedside she remained to look after him and care for the other patients too little jenny and arthur will he live i cannot say but the workings of providence are not known to me in this hour of crisis i've not abandoned my faith or my belief that some goodness comes of all suffering but what i've seen frightens me i've often thought of the solemn marches in the night but the danger lies in the wrath that is stored in their hearts and minds wrath that god alone can't remove let's go quickly julia ward howe went with her husband and the reverend parker to the union encampment on the potomac centuries walked in the dusk of the night that was closing in on the watchful camp fatally from across the river came sounds from the camp on the opposite shore watching and waiting too and as they moved along the silent rows of tents julia howe heard for the first time that tune that every soldier's harmonica had picked up it was as though every soldier who had played it had passed along the ragged phrasing to the next for julia howe to hear with all its imperfections this cold december night in her life here are the hospital tents arthur stanley is in this one will you go in mrs howe thank you reverend parker sam look mother jenny you shouldn't have come oh but i'm glad you're here thank you reverend parker bringing me oh there jenny there there i didn't mean to leave you i did i had to be with arthur of course you did how is he mother what does it do come he's over here he's at his old bandage i changed the bandages this morning when the doctor came to look at the wound you've been very brave that's because you see me now you wouldn't have said that if you'd been here when the doctor told me about arthur what did he say jen the wound is too deep take his hand set this item when i do what i can for the others julia ward howe sat at the bedside of arthur stanley watching hopefully for the first sign of waking or recognition her daughter moved silently among the other wounded in the tent tending to them with a patience and skill born of no other knowledge than that which their needs had given to her mrs howe your husband and i feel that you should leave the camp now the shelling has begun from across the river i know i can hear the bursts i think he can too i saw him stir just now as though the sound had reached him you think he's waking julia see what you think jenny yes mrs howe we're concerned about your safety thank you reverend parker but i can't leave now i wouldn't want to leave jenny you're in danger shelling oh they're landing far away they'll come closer during the night you stop worrying see who's come to visit you hello arthur oh tell jenny she shouldn't have come jenny's didn't mean to cheer us up like a man they're very much like the son you have to come to us there's gentleness in your great courage i promise to look after jenny you'll do that for me when i oh no no i don't say that jenny anything takes you away jenny i i used to think there was danger in those harmless flashes of man-made lightning in the air now i know they never touched jenny they never touched me for i have seen his fateful lightning dearest he used to write of comfort that toon gave him to others i wonder if he can still hear it he called it a battle him played on harmonica for him needing words jenny shall we take you home now not now i want to sit here a moment very well dear i'll come back for you for him needing words are the words out there in the silence or up there in the sky torn by light sound through suffering our eyes can see a glory denied to other men my eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the lord the danger lies in the wrath stored in their hearts and minds wrath that god alone can remove he is trampling out the vintage where the grapes of wrath are stored i have seen his fateful lightning he had full lightning of his terrible swift sword his truth his truth is marching on morning i've been looking for you forgive me for frightening you i wandered further than i realized where is jenny back there she wishes to stay and continue caring for the second woman little jenny well we must follow her example sam we too have much work to do do you hear that tune i want you to listen to some words i'd like to put on paper side by side julia howe and her husband left the encampment on the potomic where that night out of suffering and trial was born a hymn a hymn destined to give courage to those who solemn marches fill the night and to those who watch and wait through the night julia ward howe had written a battle hymn for the times a hymn that was to become a song of freedom for the world you have just heard an interesting story about one of america's gallant women of the past if you're between the ages of 18 and 34 you're invited to join america's gallant women of the present who now serve in the wack women's army corps and the waff women in the air force visit your local united states army and united states air force recruiting station get all the details today this has been another program on proudly we hail presented transcribed in cooperation with the station by the united states army and united states air force recruiting service this program featured a cast of outstanding players this is kenneth banghart speaking and inviting you to tune in this same station next week for another interesting story on proudly we hail