All right, so it is time for the afternoon sessions of Big Talk with Small Libraries 2024. I'm your host, Krista Porter for the day, here from the Derasca Library Commission. And starting to the night now, we aren't going to have Katerina and Bailey from the James Hammer Public Library in Virginia talk about their after school meals program, which I think is a really awesome thing that someone retrievably talked about food and security. So this is something that's going on everywhere, having people are dealing with this. So I will just hand it over to you both to tell us all about what you're doing there in Virginia for this. All right, thanks Krista. Have you just been going all day without a break there? I, there have been a few breaks. I've been here all day. Yeah, this is what I do on the day of Big Talk. Great, well, so I'm Katerina Spears, I'm the library director for the James Hall Hammer Public Library and I have Bailey Hughes with me who kind of runs the program day to day. So I'm going to talk about just a little overview about the program and administration of the program. And then Bailey would talk about the actual execution of the program. So we're in Amelia County, Virginia, which is about 35 miles outside of Richmond, Virginia. This is, Amelia has long been a agricultural community. It's very rural, it's very spread out. We're in kind of the nucleus, the courthouse district, where the library is located, our administrative buildings, you know, for people who live in the village, a few businesses and restaurants. And then we have three public schools in the county, an elementary, middle and high school. Those are all within a mile of the library. We also have a small private school in the county, the Amelia Academy, which is like half a mile at that. And then we have a lot of homeschool families in the county. So because we are within, you know, 35 miles of an urban center, a lot of our parents have a long commute morning and evening. And so we have a fair number of kids who come to the library after school, they can walk here, actually some of them get dropped off by the bus here because they get dropped off at the library, they stay for the evening or the afternoon and then their parents pick them up on their way home from work, back into town. One of our sheriff's deputies was telling me yesterday that his daughter gets dropped off here, the school bus and he picks her up on his way home from work. So that is kind of just a snapshot of who we are. And we serve a population of 13,400 in the county. But as I say, we're very spread out. So the immediate downtown areas, it's not anywhere near that, but it's a big rural county. So the first question that occurred to me is whether or not your school, your library is an ideal space for an after school meals program. The way it happened with us here is that our local public school system lost funding. And in order to make cuts, one of the things that they had to cut was after school programming. So an after school meal partner has to be able to provide enriching activities for young people. The kids don't necessarily have to participate in those activities, but they do have to be available. So we're a library, we have books, we have board games, we have video game consoles that people can check out and use while they're on site. So the enrichment piece was already built in, of course, at the school, they would have to have not only people shop running, but they'd have to provide some form of activities for the kids. Our library has a small public meeting room with no tables in there. We can fit about 30 people comfortably or uncomfortably maybe. We already have existing partnerships, she said, hesitantly with our local public school, we'd like them to be stronger. But in this, we saw as an opportunity to create a stronger relationship with our local public schools. So we were enthusiastic about taking on the project because of that. As I mentioned, we already have students who utilize the library during after school hours. Maybe we have parents who bring younger children. And then of course, the teens and tweens who make their way over here on their own to hang out with their friends. Certain times of the year, like when the PV football practice is happening in the field behind the library, we get more kids who were dropping in because either they have a sibling who's participating or they've just finished participating in after school sports right in the neighborhood. Got a rec center across the street. So that brings more kids to our area. And the other bonus of having the after school meal program here rather than the school is that these meals are now accessible to all members of the community. So that includes homeschool families and private school families. It is not restricted. We don't have to do any kind of verification that somebody attends the public school in order to access the meals. It's anybody under 18 or 18 and under. So this program was started in the 90s, which is why the name of it is at risk after school meals. That was terminology that we used back then. And I don't think we most libraries don't use that as much anymore. Back then they used to talk a lot about at risk readers. And I never really was sure what that meant. But so it was originally dubbed it was at risk after school snacks program. So I use at risk, but that is the official title. So this was a program created was designing engaged community partners provide children a safe place to go after school, access nutritious food that allows them to concentrate on homework and join their friends in social and physical activity. So the program is funded by the USDA. It's a component of the child and adult care food program. It is managed by the US Department of Agriculture School Nutrition Service. And so which usually that funding is then passed along to your state Department of Education. And then those funds are distributed to public schools throughout the state, but also private schools. I mean, there are some private schools if they have enough students in the school who qualify financially for free and reduced lunches according to the federal standards for that, which is a family living at 200% of the federal power at or below the federal poverty rate. So I mean, there are some private schools that do qualify for USDA lunches and that will have a school nutrition service funded by the state. But of course, usually we associate it with public schools. So this started as a program in a few select states to provide at risk after school snacks. And that's been available since the 90s, as I said, when this program was named. And then later, the Healthy Hunger Free Kids Act of 2010 expanded the reimbursement for after school meals to all 50 states. So your funding that you're applying for for this program is through the State Department of Education School Nutrition Program. We, at our location, partner with our local public schools to offer this program. It's not necessary. You can register your organization, your library yourself for this program. It's just for us, given our small staff and the fact that the school nutrition program already exists in our county, it made sense to do it in partnership with the school. So if you're a public library or even a private nonprofit bug of 1C3, public library chances are your organization qualifies. The after school program, eligibility is that you're organized to provide care for students after school. We're not really providing supervised care here for kids. If you're 12 and over, you can be in the library under your own power and without supervision. And we do have a provision that allows older siblings to bring in young siblings who are under 12 with them. You need to provide regularly scheduled education enrichment activities. As I said, the students are not required to participate as long as the activities are available. In our case, and Bailey will talk more about this, but that's sometimes we just put like a deck of UNO cards and a couple of board games in the room where they eat. So we are sometimes offering after school programs, but for the most part, it's passive programming. It's word searches and craft packets and things like that. And you need to be located in an attendance area of school where at least 50% of children are eligible for free or reduced price meals. So again, that's 200% or below the federal poverty level. Amelia County definitely qualifies for that. We actually have a higher rate of low income school children or children who come from low income families than the overall population. So while the overall population of the county is I think like 43% living at 200% or below the federal poverty level, within the school that climbs, that percentage climbs much higher. So the school is applying based on their population. So you can localize it. It doesn't just have to be your county, it could be a smaller portion through census blocks that you're doing that. Organizational eligibility, public agencies, right?  So I have down there at the bottom the resources and we'll happily share all of this later for anyone who's interested, the handbook that goes through all the eligibility requirements. And so program administration, as I said, we partner with our local public school nutrition program to offer this. And that quotation, the application process being fairly painless. That was a quote from our, the gentleman who manages our school nutrition program is also the finance director for the school, to partner schools. And so he actually filled out the application for us and said it was no big deal. The administrative time he said for the school is nothing extra if a school nutrition program already exists. And the cost for the school is neutral to profitable, meaning that if you've already got a school nutrition program in place, you're already working with an outside contractor or you're employing people to work in your lunchrooms. So the way that it works here, the staff at the school service, both breakfast and lunch to the students. And then the afternoon, right before school closes, they prepare the snacks, they drive them over here, drop them off for us right after school. And then shortly after that, we start serving them. So the USDA or the State Department of Education reimburses the school for the cost of the meals, but then also for a portion of the cost of paying the folks who prepare those meals. So that means that in some cases, the school actually makes a little bit of a profit on the program. For your facility, you would need to provide a certificate of occupancy, which we didn't even have when our county is so small that you went across the street to our building permit person and told him we didn't have one and he just kind of put one together right then. We also are so small. We don't have a fire marshal in our county.   So we had to do both of those things when we started this program. And one of the things I'll say so by the gentleman we work with at the public schools is that since librarians are natural record keepers, it makes reporting so much easier for him because there is, as you'll see when Bailey's talking, a fair amount of record keeping we do. Periodically, the school, the program administrators at the school have to come and observe to make sure that we're following the regulations. We do have USCI guidelines for all of those things. The sign that you see on this slide is one of the signs that were required to post that we meet USDA nutrition standards, the two if you need to make a request because you've got a food allergy or dietary restrictions that those needs can be met and there's contact information so that you hope someone to whom you can complain if there was a problem. So that's one of the posts that noticed that I think we also have to have basically non-discrimination in a posting saying that we don't discriminate against anyone who comes in seeking a meal. And that is pretty much it for me. So I'm gonna slide over and let Bailey come in here and talk about the actual day-to-day for the program. All right, literally slide over. Hi, my name's Bailey Hughes. I am, like she said, one of the librarians here and I'm kind of the boots on the ground for this. So that's kind of what I'll be talking about. So how often do we offer this? We do Tuesday, Wednesdays and Thursdays and we offer food from four to 5.30 p.m. That is 5.30 is the last time we'll hand out food but the room is available for the program until six. So we don't kick them out at 5.30. We might kick them out at six because we do typically have programs at six or we close at six. And we chose these times because it's when we see the most teenagers. This is between school letting out and when parks and rec activities actually start. So this is not required by anyone. These are just times that we picked and we're gonna continue this program over summer but we're right now in the process of discussing when that will be, when we can best serve our community. So staff training is really, really simple. All six staff members are now trained and we actually just set up a new schedule where we're all gonna be rotating shifts. And really, I mean, it ends up being, you're doing this once every other week. So it's really not a big commitment on individual parts. Training doesn't take long like I said and after we were initially trained by the school representative, we can now train each other. So it's all in-house after that. The important stuff staff should know is how to set up and clean up, how to answer questions accurately pertaining to the program. And like I'll go over record the stats and fill the forms out accurately. I came up with like a checklist. So that way, if a staff member goes to set up and clean up and there's also some questions, like frequently asked questions on there. So there's like a physical form that each staff member can go through and check off if they're not completely comfortable. But training is super easy. Keeping stats. So like she said, like Kat said, stats are really important. And in the past, the school has had problems keeping up with all these stats. So librarians are good record keepers. So we're pretty meticulous about this. The form you see in the top left is from the school nutrition program. Like that is a USDA form. I think everything else is something that we have created. So the daily meal count and attendance form, it tracks weekly delivery times and how many were delivered, which again will be up to how much you see that your community needs it and uses it. We record how many students ate and how many students used the space to not eat. So that's how many students actually took a meal and sometimes we have tutors come in with students. So we'll record the tutor there and the students who actually ate versus the tutor who can't get the meals, but we'll still record that. And then I take this document upload it every time, every day to a shared Google Drive folder. So the representative from the public schools can see it as well. So it's an easy way for everyone to see the stats. Allergies and dietary restrictions. Any new student that we see who is 13 and up, we ask them if they have an allergy or dietary restriction. And then we record it on the page that you see below the daily meal count form. And anyone who is 12 or younger should have a parent or guardian with them, we'll ask them and keep stats for that as well. And then we report these back to the representative at the Emilia County Public Schools so that they can accommodate in the future. And the biggest one that we've really seen is lactose intolerance, which is really common, but other than that, we haven't come up with a real issue. And since we're working through the schools, at least for the students who are enrolled in public schools, they would know if there was like a severe one like peanut allergy, which again, we have not run across yet. Keeping more stats. These are a couple more that I actually designed. Sign-in sheets, the biggest one, students 13 and up, they've gotten really good at just walking up, signing their name and taking their food. 12 and younger, we see fewer of, but we do see them. And they have a parent actually sign that and fill out that. And that's to ensure their safety and make sure that someone is there who is responsible for them. And that follows our library policy. It also helps us track ages of the people who are actually using the program. And it's a good backup stat for how many people come in so we can have a backup for the daily meal count in this form. Just to make sure we're keeping very accurate stats. And something we're really proud of is we make sure that none of this food goes to waste. It's kind of hard to, I guess, predict how many students you're gonna have every given week. Our numbers can range all over the place. Sometimes we run out during the week and we have to contact the schools again. And then sometimes like this form, we had 19 meals left over, which is pretty extreme actually. So we never want to waste anything. So we, every week, take these leftovers to our friends at the Amelia Food Pantry. So if you decide to start this program, you could find somewhere to actually take this. And then on the right, I do have, yeah, one of our deliveries for the food pantry. And then the form you see is another thing that I upload to the shared Google Drive folder. And it is just a record again so the schools can see how many meals we're taking each week. All right, so what's it really like? You know, we can talk about the procedures all day, but I do wanna say it is a big commitment and it can definitely be a big commitment for small libraries and for small staff members, but it does make a really, really big impact. And obvious reasons why it covers food insecurity. So we know that students don't socialize as well. They don't learn as well. Just their life can be so much more improved when you cover that food security. Students have a place to go after school. Library is already a place to go after school, but this gives them more encouragement to come hang out with us where there are much worse places that they could be. And then you get to know your patrons. I'm now on a first name basis with a lot of these students that otherwise I probably wouldn't get to know. I mean, when you add free food into the equation, you're gonna see patrons come in a lot more or patrons that wouldn't normally come in. And it's good PR for the library and the public school system. We get a lot of people asking like, well, what are you doing out here? And the first thing we say is, well, we've partnered up with the public schools. So it's good PR for both sides. And Kat mentioned earlier, you grow your relationship with the public schools. Sometimes it's hard to get an end in the public schools and this lets them know we're here and we're reliable and we have a contact person. And that is it. And here is our emails and our phone number if you wanna reach out for more questions. Okay. Thank you so much, Katerina Bailey. A much shorter session. That's cool. So anybody has, if anyone has any questions, get them typed into the questions section. So we have plenty of time here to answer all the questions. We'll leave that slide up there with your contact info for the library of yourself. So people have that if they need. As I said at the beginning, this was one of the sessions I was looking forward to. This is definitely something that everyone in the country, big or small, is dealing with is food insecurity. And it's great that there is the funding and these plant programs available somewhere, everywhere, anywhere for people to have access to it. All right. So we do have some questions coming in here. Let's see. All right. Can you talk about the actual food that comes? Like how is it, how does it come? Has it packaged? Do you need any sort of like an actual full kitchen facility at the library to handle or deal with any of the food or I get like, you know, sink, refrigerator? Yeah. So all that we need here is basically a big enough refrigerator to keep this. This isn't, you know, something that the USDA provides but the schools actually bring them in these big insulated bags and then we just throw them in our staff fridge. And it does take up a big portion of our staff fridge but luckily we do have the space for that. I would recommend having a microwave too. We don't have one currently but that would be a good thing to reheat food. So the requirements for the bags, they have to have and correct me if, you know I missed something, a fruit, a vegetable, a carb and then a drink with it and normally it's like milk and they prepackage these bags for us. So, you know, we do no food handling it's all the public schools who bring it over. We just store them until then but a lot of times what we see is a sandwich, sometimes there's chips, sometimes there's carrots and celery, it's stuff that you would expect from a school. Yeah. And I will say there's, there's certain requirements that are part of the training like the kids are required to consume part of the food onsite but not all of the food onsite. So they have to believe is it eat the sandwich here but they can take the fruit. Well, they can take either a fruit or a carb and for sandwiches that does fall under carb. It's a little, you know, gray area but it would also be like a dinner roll or chips but they can also take the apple or the, you know I think we've seen like kiwis and plums so they can take any of that with them or they could not take the entire meal with them. Yeah. And there was, you know, they give us some variety. Sometimes we have, you know we always have PB and J for the kind of picky eaters but sometimes they give us ham sandwiches sometimes they give us a cold pizza sometimes the spicy chicken sandwiches were very popular for a while. So it just depends on what your school nutrition folks or if you were to do a program like this undertake this on your own without partnership for the schools, whatever the food contractor is providing as long as, and they, you know the USDA standards are part of that overall training guide let's say in the at risk after school meals guide that I had earlier in the presentation. So. All right. You definitely need to work with someone else someone else who would provide, you know prepare and put together the food. So the, I won't go to myself with the question about how did, do librarians need to get like a food handler's license or permit or anything but since you're not actually doing anything you don't have to worry about that. Right. I mean, you can work with a local food contractor, I mean some kind of a catering company or something like that. As long as they are, you know matching the USDA requirements for the meals to have all the different components like Bailey was saying for a vegetable, you know like we almost always get carrots for them as their vegetable, which we found very quickly they would only eat if they had ranch dressing.  Okay, great. And that was like that was a lot of the questions. Let's see. I've got other ones here that I got to go through. Oh, something else I was going to mention. Sorry about that question with the is that the school told us that if we wanted a new refrigerator, they could purchase it for us or if we needed equipment of any kind that they can get reimbursed for it through the USDA. So if you only have, you know a mini fridge in your library and you need to acquire a bigger refrigerator or replace your existing one because it's old or something like that that is something that the USDA will reimburse for. Nice, that's well, yeah if they're providing food through their program that makes sense. I wonder about if the microwave you're talking about you said they provide cold pizza sometimes. I know some people, depending on what the toppings are I'm a ball about cold pizza. But some kids might not be. Yeah, I think that does kind of open you up to if you're if you're heating the food and it's one of the reasons we haven't done it here yet according to the school nutrition is that we would have to get some additional training for food handling, which I've had before when I worked in a restaurant I had food handlers license and it's just basic things like knowing what temperature to heat things to and what temperature to store things. And so if you were going to actually be heating the food on site you'd need to take that extra step and that's just something we haven't done yet because it's already a lot for a small staff. So sure, sure. So there's a mixture of options every day not just every, on Tuesday everyone's getting a ham sandwich there's multiple kids have a choice. Yeah, so they do provide us with choices at least two choices every time sometimes three but we always get PB and J's which is a good vegetarian option. And then we usually get, she mentioned cold pizza or they'll do turkey or ham wraps. We've had spicy chicken sandwiches but like I said, there's either two or three options that they can have and everything else in those kits are the same it's just that one main carb or sandwich. Yeah, and once somebody identifies a dietary restriction like lactose intolerance we just request, I think we had a carton of oatmeal here for a while because there was a child that was lactose intolerant or that's what that form is for. If we report things then they start making sure that a meal is provided to accommodate those dietary restrictions. And if anyone wants to start this kind of program I came up with most of those forms I'm more than happy to share those with you. Great, yeah, absolutely. And your contact info is in the slides which will be available afterwards, so perfect. And you mentioned having a small staff someone wants to know how many staff members do you have? And I don't want to mention it. We have six, one is part time but they are all trained to do this program as well. And like I said, we're all going to be doing it soon. Yeah, on our staff we have Bailey and I are considered the program managers I think because we got training directly from the school which was I think 30 or 45 minutes that we sat with the school nutrition officer and he walked us through things like the diversity, equity and inclusion, the food safety, keeping the statistics and how to do that. And then after the 45 minutes that we spent with him we are now qualified to train anybody on our staff because we're considered program managers for this. So he's the overall program administrator overseeing all the communication with USDA, ordering the meals, filing all the paperwork and then we're the onsite managers for the program. Okay, let's just go up the top here. There's a question. I think it's something that I had wondered about. Have you received any pushback regarding sharing of files from parents? Allergies make me think about HIPAA. I was wondering about that too about privacy issues with the Children's Info. You said you have them sign in. How are you dealing with all of that with privacy and allergies and HIPAA? And do you keep those sign-in sheets or are they destroyed afterwards for your typical library privacy issues? Yeah, so when I made those forms I made sure that the kid's name is not associated with it. And even when they're signing in like the 13 and up I don't require them to put their last name and the allergy form itself, do you know where that guy is? Yeah, so it just says the type and the date that we receive this information and whether or not we were able to give them what they needed that day. So I don't actually associate that with the name. You had the issue just that there was. Right, yeah. No personally identifying information is actually there. Right, yeah. So it's mostly that if you're consistently not meeting a need in the community that's what this form is about that you're consistently turning people away because you're not providing oatmeal or because you're not providing vegetarian options then it's a red flag for the State Department of Education and they'll, cause all this of course gets reported to them and so they're gonna come to you and say, well, you know, why aren't you making an effort to if you've had to turn people away on all these dates? So that's the main reason for that tracking. It's not to track the individual because somebody could come in one day, request oatmeal and then never come back but after that we're carrying oatmeal, right? Thank you. Yeah. Yeah, it's totally a drop in program. It's not, you know, we're not verifying even though a lot of the kids who are taking advantage of this program aren't necessarily kids who are qualified financially for free and reduced lunches at school but that doesn't matter to us. Anybody who is 18 or under and that's 18 if you're, you know, you started you're still in your senior year of high school or something, but anyone 18 and under can walk in here and request a meal and get it for free. Right, so there's no requirements. Yeah. All right, so let's see, next up. Do you or the school have to apply for this program annually or is it just a one time thing and it keeps going, how does that work for each year? We've already qualified as a facility so we won't have to do that again. It's just, you know, he will resubmit basically the financial request, but no, we won't have to be re-registered as an institution. We're on the books as one. So the summer program is actually, because we will do summer meals, we'll transition at the end of the school year to doing summer meals, we're probably gonna do them at lunchtime. You know, the Parks and Rec has a day camp across the street so they can bring the kids over here for free meals. That's a totally separate pot of money. So he'll apply for that separately because all of these programs are kind of siloed in financial ways. And so he'll apply for that separately and we'll have to, this will be our first time being a facility for summer meals. So we'll have to go through this again for the summer meals, but for the after-school meals, no. He'll just reapply for funding in the fall like they do every year. Okay. And I think this might really, another question someone has that you only do it three days a week. Is that part of the funding restriction or did you just, how did you come up with doing that? And do you have the option for which days or how many? How did you come upon doing those particular days? I don't know. You want to take that one? Yeah. So no, there is not a restriction on how often you just have to work with your public schools and you have to work with what you've got at your library. So we restricted it to three days a week for that amount of time because again, it's when we saw the most teenagers. And again, it kind of landed in a good spot where we thought we could feed the most people without interrupting school or interrupting after-school activities at Parks and Rec particularly. Let's see. It's also our only program in meeting space in the library. So since we have to have a dedicated space and your dedicated space can be a table in your library where they eat. But it doesn't have to be a separate room but for our purposes, if you have 15 kids coming by to eat after-school meals, we don't really want them to necessarily do that in the main part of the library. And our meeting and event space, our program space, that one little room is just in constant demand. So we have regular programs that utilize that space on the other days. But yeah. So this I think if we were trying to do it five days a week might be a little too overwhelming for the staff. So I mean, you can offer it one day a week. If you're open late one evening or you have a lot of family activities on a specific day of the week, where you have drop-in homework help or something like that, you can schedule this program to just be part of that program and not do it the rest of the week. So yeah, tailor it to what works for your library and what's going on in your library, absolutely. Absolutely, yeah. We are actually closed on Mondays and Friday we have a reoccurring club that we already had during that time, which is why it was restricted to those three days. But it does three days, I think is really adequate for the students that we see. Are you still gonna do the three days for summer or are you changing that up at all? I think we're gonna continue three days, but again, we're actually meeting next week to talk with the school representative and then we'll work it out with him. Let's see, someone wants to know how many students can you support in the program and have you ever turned a student away? And I assume- You've not had a trouble running out away. There has been a couple of times where we run out of food in the middle of the week. So we actually talked to the school representative and we upped that number. So now we get 25 meals a week and that usually covers it for the whole week. Other than that, no, we have never had to turn a student away. There was, when the student came in with a lactose intolerance, we did tell him just to avoid the milk and he was able to eat the rest of the meal. Like she said, we can comfortably hold 30 people in that room, but it's never reached that before. Yeah, during football, the Pee Wee football and they practice on the field out behind the library in the fall, we were doing sometimes 15 kids in an afternoon doing meals. So it really fluctuates during the course of the school year based on what's happening in the community, what the kids are up to. Some days we only have four kids, some days we have 15, it really just depends. But the fact that they've learned to rely on this and you can see the difference in their behavior, right? Like the other option that they have, the only other store in our little food desert of a downtown here is the Dollar General. The kids walk there after school, they buy two liter bottles of soda and a giant bag of gummy worms and then they come and sit in the library and it's just a bit much. But if they come in and they have a sandwich and some carrots and a cup of milk, it's a totally different set of kids. Absolutely. All right, we got a bunch more questions here, we got plenty of time to answer them all. So, all right, we'll go to this one. Someone wants to know if, let's just, okay, let's take this one here. And I don't know if you maybe describe this in the beginning more, what made the partnership happen? Our local school has hosted summer meals in the past and is just curious about the benefits of the partnership to the library. Obviously for the after school meals, the school's done for the day, so that would be why. So basically how did this all end up coming about? Amazing, it brings kids to the library or they were coming there anyways. Well, they were coming here anyway, but what happened was our public schools lost some funding. Their budget was cut and where they figured out that they could save some money with cutting this after school program because they had to provide staffing for it, because they had to provide some kind of activities that could just put the kids in the lunch room and forget about them. And so there was also, I'm sure it's safe to say that nobody in Amelia is listening, there was, you know, I think some desire on the part of the school to, you know, elevate their brand a little bit, you know, and make it, you know, because if it's happening inside the school, it's not really obvious to everybody in the community, unless you have a kid who participates in the after school meal program. If it's happening in the public library where everybody comes and goes and sees that this program is available and that it's done in partnership between the school and the library, that's a really good, you know, public relations message that we're putting out. And the other benefit, of course, was moving it out of the public school and here to the library is that now this program is available for homeschool families, which we have a lot of in the county, and it's available to kids who attend the small private school just up the street from the library. So that, I don't know that they, you know, you would turn someone, a homeschool family, away who showed up at the school, but it wouldn't be a natural thing for a homeschool family to show up at the public school looking for an after school meal, whereas here it's open to anyone. So, you know, it makes it a more inclusive program by doing it at the library instead of the school. It saved them some money because they were having to have staff available to stay after school, provide enrichment. So it just made a lot of sense. Definitely. All right, someone wants to know, I'm wondering if anyone has done this without the USDA money, so like with community members donating the food or donating the money? I mean, we did for a while when the, you know, before we got the after school meal program off the ground, we were, you know, giving out snacks in the afternoons and things, but of course, and I mean, it's very rare that most of the kids who are coming here for meals, they're by themselves, they're not with a parent. So I don't know, I mean, I don't know that we would feel comfortable opening ourselves up to that kind of liability with minors. Yeah, and when you're getting donations from the public too, you're always running that extra risk and also potentially not meeting nutrition needs as well. And the USDA definitely covers that. Yeah, and someone else actually commented before this person day, which is kind of interesting because it sort of relates to doing this without USDA money, but someone said that we found regionally that trying to meet USDA standards ourselves rather than having a school do it like you all did, that it was just unfeasible. You've got to keep up the standards, make sure you're doing it right. Those of us who are solo or just part-time staff, it's really something hard to do, but if you've got the USDA funding and backup and someone else to school or like you said, a caterer or somebody doing the hard work, I guess the harder part of getting the food together and meeting the standards, yeah. I don't know that we could even manage this program to the extent that we do without that partnership. I do know that the company that does the food service for the school, I mean, they're not school employees, they're outside contractors. So they, you know, of course, follow whatever the USDA requirements are, but they're not actually school employees. And so they contract with them separately for the preparation of these meals and the delivery of them. I mean, she dropped them off on her way home from work. The kind of food service over there when she leaves work for the day, she swings by here and drops off our food. So yeah, there's definitely a chain of, I guess, communication and we're very lucky to have someone really good at the schools that's ahead of nutrition. So I guess, you know, if you don't have that, that would be a weak point, but we haven't really had any communication issues so far. Yeah, and it's even if it's, you know, only 15 kids during the course of an entire week that come by, you know, the goodwill that it has raised from the community has been invaluable. One of the other things that we do with the Amelia Food Pantry, because when we take the leftover meals to them, they actually break them apart so that all the milk can go to a single family, you know, especially if it's a family that's like living out of a motel or something like that, the single serve milks really come in handy for someone like that. You know, if there's like a piece of fruit in each meal, they'll pull those and make like a larger bag of fruit so that they can give to a couple of different families or something like that, but we advertise through the food pantry as well. So I just went out there today to deliver our leftover meals.  There it is. And so I take those out to the food pantry periodically and they give them out, they put them in the boxes of food distributions to all their families so that, you know, to try to raise awareness in the community. And of course, you know, when you're talking about kids, it's fluid, right? You know, kids graduate and move on. And so you've always got new kids coming into the school or, you know, aging into it. And so that constant reminder in their food distribution boxes. And I think she said that this week in our little tiny county, they had 70 families that came in on Tuesday because they do pickups Tuesday and Friday. So they have 70 families come through on Tuesday. That's a huge number for our little tiny county. Yeah, yeah. All right. And that answers like two questions that people got that I knew you'd already mentioned, but I was gonna, have you mentioned again, to be able to ask what did you do with leftover food? Yeah, all those food pantry. Yep. And is that each week? Whatever it is, it's a weekly thing. Yep, I go out every Friday. So we also actually have a box in our lobby for food collection for non-perishable items for the food pantry. So I take whatever's in the box. I take the leftover meals. I take flyers for like right now we have an English class going on. And a lot of the families who are accessing the food pantry right now are Spanish speaking. So I take out flyers for our English conversational English class and they help us to promote programs really among the group of people who we are trying so hard to reach, right? The people who need the library most. So it is between the schools, the food pantry and the library. It has been a wonderful strengthening of our relationships. And then once a month, when I go to the Board of County Supervisors meeting, I'm usually mentioning something about our partnership with them or I'll say thank you to the school, to the specific person for continuing to help us administer this program. And so I really try to keep it visible. Great, all right. So it looks like our questions have all been answered that we had come in. I don't see any new ones. Great, and we will happily share with you, Christa, all of these forms that Bailey has created are the ones that we, you know, just so people can see what we've done to organize the record keeping here. You can send it to me or a link to the Google Drive or wherever, however you want to, we will get them linked up to the archive. Okay, great. I should along with the slides, yeah. All right, and if anyone does have any questions and wants to talk to Bailey or Katerina about their program and if you want to one in your area, there is their contact information as well. We just have some comments that did come in saying thanks for this talk so good. And then a wonderful last comment here says, I was hungry often as a child, so a program like this would have been a blessing to me. Thank you on behalf of the hungry children in the community. Thank you so much. Yes, thank you. All right, thank you so much. All right.


Hello everyone, thank you for being here as I said second day people are really tired a lot of topics a lot of Things to think about so thank you for choosing this one We are going to be speaking on machine learning on the edge. So just check that you're on the right talk Hopefully you are too late to leave now. Stay please I'm going to be here with my colleague Carlos de Huerta. I'm Pablo Perez digital advisor in Microsoft consulting services here in Spain Carlos de Huerta. I'm working with the manufacturer of customers here in Spain as architect Because the talk is in English. I'm going to call him Charlie. Okay, Charlie from the garden Charlie for the game I guess you don't mind So this is the agenda and we were looking at the agenda and we with like what do you think about the agenda? What do you think about the introduction? No one likes introductions No, we actually we ran a machine learning algorithm to predict your emotions during the talk And this was the result all the forecasting You are going to be bored to death for the 10 first 10 minutes And we know that because of Microsoft we have this software that I loved because they told me that I was 25 years old and of course I'm not that looks at people and understands emotions And we ran this algorithm and this suggested that this is the right Outcome and we believe algorithms right so we say okay. Let's change. Let's start with the demo Let's start with the demo so you are not bored, but you still need to go through the Valley of the death of the slides in the middle of the presentation There will be some slides then we have another demo to keep you awake until the end and we will finish with a video Of course as I said we are believers of machine learning and the in the machine learning algorithm also told us the recommendation for the titles You cannot call it demo demo. What is this talk about? So we are going to start with just a short demo very very short But to for you to understand when machine learning on the edge really makes sense to be applied Okay, then Carlos which are Charlie will speak about the use cases and for you to think about where you can apply this tomorrow If with your customer or your internal departments or whatever And then we will go to the what is the edge and what is the matching learning by then? Hopefully you you grasp what we are talking to about talk here. Okay So without further ado, let's go to the demo and then hope the connection is working fine that it was not a few minutes ago Can you see this no Can you see my browser? It will be nice Close the PowerPoint Okay, now better Vulcan is it's not a contortion company This is a real company in the States in the Midwest. There are still producers the Manufacturers of the still and what they told us they told Microsoft is well They wanted to have a dashboard to control the health and safety. Oh There is an alert for that one the coincidence, right? So they wanted to control the health and safety situation of the tracks and they have around the states Okay, this is a really serious issue because every day in the States for people are death because of health of safety reasons Okay, and it's not only that is the fines and everything related to having those kind of problems So the idea was to be able to create the dashboard that in a real time And this is the important part here in a real time will notify the people about Others or risk situations when they need to act. Okay, so suddenly we have this health and safety bridge bridge And we see here that in these steel beams instead of having a one high level That is what the policy says they have to high level. Okay, and that's not correct So here what is the algorithms doing is bringing an alarm to someone that is looking at the window and say, okay This is not correct, but also look at this guy here. Can you see that guy? He's not wearing a helmet and that's not correct. So this is the reforms learning So he's okay. This is not correct. We need to change the algorithm We are going to retrain the model And how we are going to retrain the model just by saying that no protective helmet is detected Here, okay, of course now we need to retrain this model. We click on save and We have coming from all the tracks in the world They have images that have been captured and they need to process the images and retrain the model to be smarter and easier So we can click here and retrain the model, of course, I can choose as any Pyrton machines that I want the model and I train This is a simulation, of course. Nothing has happened and not not depending on the Wi-Fi that was too risky But now the idea is that the that the model is being trained with the images and and everything that has changed around the Glove it's not important that is specifically here and this is the key point I have a fleet of 100 tracks around the world I cannot go with an USB to every single track and deploy the new model I need a system to deploy this model to all the tracks And then that's the system. I click on deploy and I'm deploying this of course if we go and we will go a little bit deeper in the Technology behind that this is using containers on the old algorithm is running while I'm deploying the new algorithm Okay, the new algorithm is deployed. So I click on test the same image now is saying hard hard not detected She'll be loaded. Okay, as I said, the Wi-Fi is not the quickest, but this is good for this demo So this is what we are going we're trying to get here is Having these tracks Offline or with a really bad connection being able to have real-time responses on the tracks with the cameras But all the information that is gathered from all the tracks going around the states take that information and put it into the cloud Process that change the algorithm and deploy the algorithm back. Okay So I will just explain quickly What has happened here? Yeah, yes So here we have basically what is going on behind the scenes. Okay, so we have the cloud where we have the IoT hub What is the IoT hub is the thing that is getting all these messages from all over the world and it's processing those images Then we have the insights actions. Okay, don't underestimate the insights part. That's the big data part That's all this all that's what you know how to do is getting data from all these different sources and finding patterns Okay, that's why the cloud is important because there you can going to compare Data from one place to another then you think about the actions and the important bit is this Those insights and those actions those can run on the edge on the track Because at some stage your connection won't work and you need that circle to be processed right where the data is generated That is in the track So that's what we meant by Azure IoT edge Basically three things an SDK that is going to manage all the connection is going to manage the protocols You don't need to know all the protocols of PC UA Modbus all those protocols. Those are not relevant for you So I th is going to provide that SDK is going to provide a modules that you could customize for your problem That is where the insights and the actions are going to be stored And of course you need something on the cloud to manage all these devices that is not one ten or ten can be thousands Okay, so that was supposed to be the last demo. That's what we changed in the order Hopefully now you can understand models less what we are speaking about when we speak about matching learning on the edge and this is it Now Charlie will explain some examples about use cases where we can really use this Yeah, and here I want you to start thinking in three patterns that we will see and even in this demo from from Pablo What's on up is the three patterns that is important when you think about use cases for for the edge first is The edge is a cloud endpoint. So at the end you're able to leverage capabilities from the cloud at the edge But not only for capabilities but for For for features that for security you need to manage all those Potential tracks or we'll even see other scenarios where you need to manage that security As well the management and deployment at scale of those tracks or all those edges of those endpoints all around the world And for that the cloud would be an enable Second the point that you need from the edge to connect potential Sensors that are not connection capable at the end for example the manufacturing and or any Scenario that has sensors that have information that you need to move to a central endpoint Those are not directly connection. So it needs to have a gateway that would be the edge and third And in this scenario you will see that maybe that information Needs to be run quickly quickly in the in the sense of I need to act In a machine under the second so I don't I can't wait Things to move to the cloud and come back and as well. I need to be able to run offline so at the end those three patterns would be interesting to To put in your mind to review for example this type of use cases We may you may have heard about the same autonomous car at the end a car needs to manage and to handle a lot of sensors and For that information that may be interesting to upload Without the end point that I was sharing as As well I need to act locally of course from A point of view asset management drawing review of Assets as more agriculture you see many scenarios that Afterwards we can we can talk but we wanted to focus on some examples that leverage that Patterns and that idea that we want you to think about it that how could I learn and And deploy it's a scenario in in my in my company and my customers in this case is I think in a hospital where I need to maybe understand and anticipate medical full and And rise resolder in this case is focus on vision. So the idea is you'll see at the in your Right in your left. My right is the live video of in this case the hospital at On the outside you will see which other ads are rise based on Different patterns in this case are trained for classifying the sense of we will see What's happening inside the in the bed in the room and then rise those those alerts I Want to put one of those in my house also is to check when the bed is empty You see there for the first is saying this is occupied. So it's understand that there's a man in this case in in the room and It's important. For example for older a man or woman that they have them They call the role. So it's down. It has detected and jumped at that moment that Alert So the as well that this has it's sitting. So it's it's moving or it's empty They got there in the bed. So at the end is trying to Think about those scenarios are talking about the edge in this case. I send some Some alerts in in the sense of the hospital without really moving out Out of the cloud second for example in the manufacturing space Even in some Multiple scenarios sometimes we think about machine learning from predictive Maintenance or or potentially improving anticipate the error that many times And in the manufacturing and even the energy in a space We are moving a lot of but the preventive maintenance so that a people it's a moving Inside the in the the assets and the buildings to find out this is there's any problem So sometimes as you gather information to build a predictive by a predictive maintenance scenario You may start doing preventive automated Maintenance so in this case based on Reginalm convolution network network and java variable the fast fine potential errors in this case cracks imaginary and then being able to Do for example corrective maintenance while you are moving into our predictive a scenario We're more in the retail in this case is banking airports. It's Maybe Seen as an easy one at the end when we are accused and we are waiting to to be at the end of this and In the airport in in bank It's important sometimes simply To count people a check-in area to notify the staff based on on the queues and the number of the people and at the end we are able in this case to manage and anticipate and in real-time Leveraging capabilities from the cloud that at the end running at the edge have been able to to handle this scenario in this case is even focused for us As an ordinary of looking at the head and soldiers for the people Moving more and this is I wanted I like because it's in the vision zero from Bellevue in United States and is focused on trying to reduce to zero any damage for people Environment and in the country and the city so here it's It's a model running on top of building to understand which is the the traffic in a specific traffic and be able to manage Potentially the traffic lights in in this area. So sometimes You are able to understand which are the flows. It's it's a crossroad But which is the people doing at the 9 a.m. Or at the 4 a.m. Or maybe based on the event today Of this week and the big data spain event all the the parking was full based on The people coming here. So sometimes you're able to anticipate and run locally some some activities for this scenario and Think and last but not least and when we think of course traffic and daily safety will So with you the bull can scenario there's more for health and safety security and at the enterprise But looking at the and the public sector Here just you're seeing three different scenarios the first On your left is the big alone soldier in the sense of being able to anticipate potential problems this attract in the middle of the of the of the road that Leverage a pedestrian on the road so anticipate and send alarms in the geofencing a scenario not really Remote leak that as well it could happen and this Learning could be serenade are completely different now that this gives detection that's Well, you can detect someone with a helmet but in this case is there are Thief they're trying to to move with a motorbike into a jewellery is to drop the the jury and And in this case the idea to anticipate that is not normal that someone in the helmet with a motorbike Near the the building in this case moving toward the the shop in this case Not working. I guess so at this stage. We are wondering or the ideas What is the edge? We're talking about the business cases We can talking about how to use it, but now the next question is where is this edge? This edge is everywhere. Actually, you know Some people are saying that the the world is becoming a computer itself and to think about it a technology It's really a breakthrough when you don't see it anymore Like the cables of the Wi-Fi or things that you don't notice and we don't notice anymore But we have more computing power today in this smart watch and the telephone that the day the first day in the keynote They mentioned the power that they use the computing power to put the Apollo in the moon And we have more power these days on our devices that we are wearing So if you wondering where is the edge think about all these places where you can really compute? I know the autopilot is really probably a cliche and you think it that's really complicated But one of the purpose today is to say you can use even your phone and that's the next demo Hopefully will work you can use your phone to deploy an algorithm and use it disconnected That that's the key point you can do have an algorithm that you are thinking about the challenge something that you want to do You have the skills that that's why you are here You know how to do this kind of things now the idea is where we're to deploy that and how to use it How to how to reach the maximum amount of people by being able to deploy that into for example a phone But there are no examples and there is always a but the edge has some problems. What about the latency? What about I need connection at least to connect once and deploy the system and I need security So the edge can be anything But you need to be sure that you are using the right edge and you are using the right technology to connect to that And we are going to speak on some examples from Microsoft and some partners about this edge In detail you have seen Many devices that maybe are more the home or who automation or in this case for a consumer space There are a catalog this is for from Azure Focus on edge for industrial scenarios in this case. We wanted to deliver it to not just really edge from Just the devices capable edge at industrial but focus on the AI enable as devices that you can You can start working for example one that does Usually the deep learning as soon as moving faster in the vision and speech use cases this is a Qualcomm device that's as ready enable for a vision so you can deploy remote Models inside that that device and then be able to run whatever algorithm you want to To be done there at the edge This is more from a developer and even test Prototype even use cases of course you can go deeper in this case and you know You may know the Kinect Device this is Bringing the capabilities and moving a hundred times better from from from the Kinect in order to integrate in potential industrial or other Manufacturing warehouses and retail scenarios, so that you are able to integrate that hardware into your own Products or services Moving more into they say speech. This is another device enabled in a sense of I can integrate from a smart home scenario to a Car Any other potential edge device where I can integrate and deploy models for speech device Speech scenario recognition or language understanding or whatever Use case. I think it's valuable for our customers and in this case is with robot everything is It's really so you can just bring it after that and last but not least the drone Evolution here with the DJ DJI In this case they release an edge device in this case a drone that's able to Deploy inside that drone a model a machine learning modeling and through the camera being able to Make potential Routine or even detect some potential things for example to to review electrical towers or Whatever a scenario you may be thinking about and then of course enable your own edge device This is not something about this is These devices have built and you may use it or not, but at the end as Pablo was saying is this software open source a project that you can embed on your solutions and and use based on a specific use case Something that you observe from manufacturing retail banking and health or whatever scenario you may be thinking about Because we predicted that you will be sleeping by this time We have another demo to wake you up right now Okay, and speaking about the drones while he is preparing the demo actually I want to tell you about the client in Belgium that they were spending a lot of money on putting a right for G For controlling the harbor with a lot of drones and we spoke to them You don't need to have coverage on the whole harbor Why don't you use the edge to process things in the drone and whenever you have the connection you get the data and you come back I said well, I've just spent a lot of money putting the best connection in the harbor I should have known this three months ago. So for you, maybe it's not the late to To find scenarios with the edge can save a lot of money as well in this case we have used a A service in in Azure is a custom vision that where you you you can just drag and drop images make a leveling for in those images and from a Algorithm does already train and make some sort of transfer learning to your own use case So in this case based on initial training For custom vision with a train To models one is for printed board boards so that the the system can learn when A board is broken in this case the the lines One are defective in the sense that maybe when we build those boards Once they were defective and ours are right. So here the good point of the accelerator on of these services that you can even train with a few data just in there we are just I've just trained with 10 images and Based on that you are just simply add images as I have done and Click the the train button to be able to to to have a Model ready for you. This case is pretty fast in the center 15 10 minutes, but the idea here is that after that you can export that model and Run at the edge at the end this service can can be query and run from the From the cloud But of course as we are in the machine learning on the edge the days that that model can be downloaded and can be It can be run in a mobile the NS an edge through some sort of Have you been in the in also there was another talk today about machine learning from our colleagues from go Google Have you been there in that talk? Okay, so more or less. This is the same It's up to you who were to choose but there was we want to go one step further It's one you have the model that is trained. Okay with this process that is easy click upload the images transfers learning What do I do with the model? Demo no the idea is what we are going to do here is to deploy one of those models into a phone And this is where I bring my phone up People that know me try not to send any messages now because you're on a screen Okay, and we are I'm going to use an application and it's called intelligent kiosk Okay, this application is available for laptops in a Windows Store Okay Here you have some demos that you can by just getting your keys from Azure put your keys here and use it to demo Some of the functionalities one really simple one is one that recognizes fruits There is a very basic model hopefully with this light and this is not nothing complicated But she'll be able to recognize that this is an orange with 97% of accuracy. Okay, nothing impressive But the impressive part here is Okay, now if I want to I know what to do with the orange If I want to Download well, I can also disconnect this this is going to run also without connection actually I'm going to do it But I want to add a new a new model I just need to Okay, hello Click on plus and the models that Carlos has shown Basically, if you want to explore the model I come here now you cannot see the screen but basically I Scan that and by scanning that this is complicated What I'm doing is downloading that's more that model into my phone. Okay Hopefully now is downloading the model and it's in my phone It's important when you are creating the model to understand that the RAM and the Computer power that you're going to have is this. Okay now that I have the model here I can do another image classification. Hopefully There was not that difficult that is recognized cats or dogs That was the model that he was trained. Yeah, he trained in the cloud I guess the connection is not working the world. This is really small and it's basically downloading that, okay I think you need to trust me in this one, but we have a backup here We always have a backup that we also have an application that has already the model That is the big data application. We were not really That was the name that we put that basically is recognizing and we can do that the Yeah, if this is effective or not effective. Hopefully the light is good enough This is the fact if they saying this is defective one and to show that this is real What I'm going to do basically is put the airplane mode and then It should also say that this is defective, okay Basically what we are showing here is that you have the knowledge already to create a model train the model We want some applications that you have already the models They are just to tune the last part of the model get that model and install that model everywhere or anywhere And we also have this application real-time crowd insights It's the one that I wanted to show and this is supposed to tell me my age if I Is the one that I love and I can put that here to you also Alberto You can be a volunteer because I have a cable and they actually this should say that I'm 25 well 30 I'm not that young anymore. I was 25 the last time I used this Okay, but Basically what we wanted to show hopefully the demo was illustrative enough and we come back to the presentation is that You can today already start developing these algorithms and Deploying those algorithms to a software or hardware that doesn't have doesn't need all the compute power Okay, so just to quickly recap what why we are speaking here today Why are we are speaking on the IOT edge today? And what to you because we have these waves of innovation We have the cloud and limited source of data and power We had IOT getting all the data from everywhere and put it that into the cloud Now suddenly the artificial intelligence was ready to process all that but the important thing among any others is the last mile Where are you going to deploy those algorithms? How are you going to use those algorithms? Are you going to put that in 1000 devices all over the world to really democratize the usage of that? Agree in that model. That's what we want to do We want to be able to give you the tools to be able to do that Deployment that management of the models that you can already create these days Of course, there are always barriers But the good thing is that if you go together the barriers of the cloud are the benefits or the edge Because what is the problem with the cloud high volume of data? That's that's something that maybe you don't want to put all the data in the cloud You can use the edge to filter what data you want to put up and what data should stay wherever it is generated Also privacy if you cannot put your all your data in the cloud You can train the model with all the data and some of the data will stay on premises You don't want to send all the video what you were saying with the with the guy in the the tracks and also the guy at the Hospital, you don't want to maybe send that you want to send some screenshots whenever something has happened So it's really important to work both of them together So the question is when should I use the cloud and when should I use the edge? And the answers are pretty simple if you are doing remote monitoring and management It won't do you when you want to do is compare a huge amount of data Then the cloud is the perfect place to do that If you are merging data from different sources Also, you can do that in the cloud and if you need the infinite computer the cloud is the best part to do that But if you know low latency then go and apply those algorithms to the edge if you need protocols translation or you need to Basically, you don't know about the motics and plcs or pcs the protocols that are there No, no, there are not many people that know how to program for those protocols This is one of the good things about it that we are putting a layer on top of that So if you want to program something that works with the camera in your house Do you don't need to know all the protocols? You can use Python or you can use any of the tools that you already know So this symmetry is really really important to be able to do something in the cloud or then something in the edge And those things are synchronized to give you the capabilities to really deploy models anywhere But when we speak about the edge we need to think that the edge It has an spectrum as well It can be something as small as a microcontroller with we call it as your sphere and it was the first Linux distribution Deployed by Microsoft, but you also have it device as I said You have Windows IoT you have Linux as a creative system Raspberry Pi The Azure stack and then you have Azure as well Then the intelligent goes up and you can use the features that are in the cloud to do these these things that we are speaking about So now that we explain more or less and we have five minutes left What is the edge? The next question is why much in learning? Okay, and then I like this picture But you know what is this? This is the data set when you go to the client and they have they say I have all the data That's what they have and many talks have been speaking about it is important to have meaningful data Because when you have meaningful data, you have something similar to this And if the data that you really want to have what you're expecting and the client first time They think that they have but maybe they don't this is what they have So you need to be able also to take decisions to to to fulfill your data set with the right data So what kind of decisions do you need to think what data do you need almost real time? We call that hot path what data you need that can be processed in a batch mode. We call that call path and Even more and more these days where we have is a worm path This is a lambda architecture explaining a very basic concept So it is hot or or cold and today the technologies most of the times Allowing us the possibility to do it warm as the speed as you want And also, there's another question Do you need to cook a little bit the data like the CIS survey before you put it on the cloud? You need to you need to do something like putting together Few signals and create one signal Do you need to look at the window to see the average temperature in that window? You don't need to do that on the cloud Maybe you can do that on the edge and you have the average temperature for the last five minutes When you got that value you put it on the cloud Okay, so with all those decisions you need to add this this tool that is the IoT edge to your Machine learning pipeline You are here is because probably you know this you've seen very a lot of similar slides during these two days What about the pipeline people are speaking about and even more data scientists some of them and this is arguable They need to use the software engineering Practices and one of the things that I want to add is in your data set and your data tools As a data scientist you need to add where do you want to deploy that you want to deploy that to the cloud on premises or to the edge So once you when you are taking a decision You need to think that now you have the power to do a flexible deployment and use all the algorithms that as I said We are putting there and create something that is not as complicated as an autonomous car But that you can use on the real day. Okay, once you have done that decision The next decision is what cloud to use. Okay, of course our recommendation is to use Azure Why because basically you have all the sophisticated Models already that you can use you have frameworks and you you can use any framework that you are comfortable with Then you can use tools like machine learning studio You can use data bricks or you can use a virtual machine when you want it when you need the the power when you need The process power you can choose between using CPUs GPUs FFGA and at the end as I said Where do you want to deploy that you need to choose where to deploy and these are all the options This is happening today and as the last slide as I said, we want to finish with a video So one of our clients is speaking about this. This is just in the internet connection. So Yeah, this is a net scenario where a manufacturing customer is leveraging vision machine learning at the vision to be able to Hopefully it's running to detect defects at the Electrical boards, which will have used the edge you'll have the case study but here the idea is that they they run in just in time a production and They want to reduce scrap material and inventory at the end. They don't want to have to stock So as soon as they find out that there is a problem in the production line they are able to to to fix it and and and work for better Deliver it with to the customer. So at the end this would be running vision with a process called project brainwave that's running FPGAs that are a primal Controllers it's hardware that it's running at the edge and that has a Performance from one to a thousand times the the normal GPUs or CPUs So you need to believe that that's true because the video is not loading So we we're going to give that part you'll help but that in the In the presentation afterwards And basically that's it. We're going to show just the last slide with the takeaways it's done and Some references if you want to read more about this we invite you to go to Azure IoT Edge website where you have a lot of information Okay This is what happens when you don't have everything on premise Okay It's downloading Well, the others is that references are material. So we'll put that line Hopefully It's a no cargo. Well any questions now we have 20 seconds. Thank you very much and so thank you for being here Thank you. Hopefully we will manage to explain what we are trying to say here It was a pleasure and if you want to ask something we are going to be here and also ask the expert The last the next 10 minutes. Okay. Thank you very much There's a question and there's a question here Microphone Hi, thank you for your presentation Just a set of questions All the examples you've mentioned are projects that has been run by you by Microsoft by I assume that Microsoft is not needed as Partner for the integration. I mean just as your components and Whatever the cost is and okay. It's not actually needed the involvement of Microsoft Yeah, it's not Needed we can we can help that we can engage with with you But it's you can run through our partners or the partner channel From us directly or just for well from the information that we have online and okay And the second question is I assume that the only Additional products from Azure that we need besides the one for machine learning for ingestion and the like are the IOT hub and the IOT SDK for the actual devices. Do we need anything else? you need to think about the Reading from the sensors sometimes usually you need some sort of implementation of the sensors and protocols Yeah, and It is right the the endpoint that we were mentioned is that I have in this case So it's at that point that would be fine for start running. Okay. Thanks. I want more thing the IOT Edge has an SDK that is open So the code is available in a GitHub and you can download it and start coding from from there So it's open. Okay


The Federal Population Census is a very important building block in American genealogical research. It gives a snapshot of information on individuals and families at 10-year intervals that can help researchers trace, reconstruct, and build a story of their ancestors' lives. Information on the 1950 Census is similar to that on previous censuses. It will give each person's name, age, gender, race, marital status, state or country of birth, relationship to the head of household, and naturalization status if foreign-born. Persons over 14 years of age were asked employment questions such as their occupation, the type of industry in which he or she worked, and the type of employer such as private employer, government employer, family farm or business, or their own business. Six people on each page answered sample questions for statistical purposes. The statistical questions asked about place of residence one year before, in 1949, the place of birth of parents, and the highest grade of school attended and completed. The sample persons were also asked questions about personal and household income. Males in the sample were asked if they had served in the U.S. Armed Forces during World War I, World War II, or at any other time. The official census day was April 1, 1950. Over 140,000 enumerators conducted the census. These census takers were ordinary people who lived in their communities, who could write neatly, do basic math, and talk easily with other people. It was the Census Bureau's goal to finish each enumeration district in cities within two weeks and within 30 days in rural areas. Special attention was paid to making sure that undercounted populations weren't missed, such as babies, travelers, and persons without a fixed address. The 1950 census was the last time an enumerator visited most households by going door to door. With an eye toward the future, self-enumeration was tested in selected Michigan and Ohio counties. In these places, the enumerator gave forms to people to fill out themselves and mail back to the Census Bureau. Native Americans living on reservations were enumerated just like everyone else, but a special supplemental form asked additional questions, such as native name, languages spoken, and degree of Indian blood. The 1950 census is the most recent census available for family history research. As always, use clues found in one record to help locate other records about the same individuals. If you're just beginning, start with the 1950 census and work your way backwards with earlier censuses, 1940, 1930, 1920, and so forth. Best wishes for success in your research.


Well, the G20 countries have some of the largest source countries for remittances as well as some of the largest recipient countries for remittances. So, G20 countries would include US and Saudi Arabia the two largest remittance source countries US with a number anywhere from 60 billion to 130 billion going out outward remittances from the US Saudi Arabia on a per capita basis is the largest source country. And then you have also India the largest recipient country for remittances and it also has the second largest country China and then you have countries like Russia and South Africa which are both recipients of remittances but also source countries for remittances. We are talking about a huge amount of remittances either being sourced from G20 countries or being received by G20 countries and to put things in a perspective the worldwide flow of remittances in 2016 were about 600 billion dollars that is only officially recorded data out of which 430 billion were received by developing countries and India and China the Philippines Mexico being like the top countries for receiving money remittances. That is only officially recorded data if you include the informal flows then the true size of remittances are even larger than 600 billion dollars the true size of remittances are much larger than the officially recorded data which points to major issues with a recording of remittances. So the quality of data on remittances leave a lot to be desired. In particular we have a major problem with estimation of informal flows that go through channels that are not recorded for example people carrying money for friends or for themselves people carrying goods as opposed to money and then on top of that people sending money through some agents who are not reporting the data to authorities. So that is a major problem with measurement of data on remittances. The second nature of the problem is that often remittances get misclassified as let us say trade payments so when you buy something a small item from somewhere in another country when you are touring that country it might show up as tourism receipts when I use a credit card from let us say Washington DC from the US I live in the US and if I am in Berlin or I am in India in Delhi and I use my credit card for drawing cash and then I hand it over to my relatives that is remittances but it might actually show up as tourism revenue not as remittances. So there is under recording of remittances because of informal flows because of misclassification as other categories and also sometimes banks are not always obliged to report small remittances to authorities. So even through the formal channels remittance data gets under recorded. So I think the first step is to get the definitions correct and the balance of payments manual of the IMF the sixth balance of payments manual that is the latest one that has new definitions of remittances and then also IMF issued a remittance compilation guide. So that has clear methodological guidelines on how to measure remittances even then we will still have some difficulty of measuring remittances officially unless we do some kind of household surveys at some point. So we have to talk to the households that receive money we have to talk also to money transfer companies and try all of them to try to bring all of them to the reporting framework. So they begin to report remittances I said encourage them to report the data I am not saying we should regulate them that is a different matter altogether right. And the third thing is if the countries where money is coming from and the countries where it is going to if they exchange some data that might also improve the whole process and the definitions well I pointed out the size of remittances $430 billion that is only officially recorded the true size is probably a multiple of that even at $400 billion remittances are more than three times the size of all development aid. So it is huge it is a huge flow unlike private capital flows that would leave a country when the country is in difficulty or when the people are in difficulty remittances actually goes in even more in times of difficulty.  So they do not have to go through a government or through a multinational company. So they are directly targeted to the needs of people and when the people need more money comes in. There is also better monitoring of how the remittance flows are used by the recipient countries recipient households so it is better targeted and more efficiently used in the case of families that receive it. Because of that remittances are very important for reducing poverty taking people out of the cycle of poverty in the recipient countries. Remittances are used for education, for business investments, for health and for extraordinary expenses like weddings and funerals and they are very important in that sense from a human point of view they are very important for the people who receive the funding.