Hello. My name is Atamart. I've been learning closure since 2013. And this is a lightweight talk. Relatively, I have very few code examples. Only just one free graph. I'll try to make it count. Initially, my interest in the SSI enclosure started when I was trying to, not trying actually, I did implement it. I was working on a functional, relational, programming environment. Have you heard of, out of the carpet? Anyone? Awesome. So, I written the language part in a list dialect, very simple list dialect. And then parsing and evaluating was done in closure, in the initial prototype. So, what would be the use case for using a DSL? After all, DSL is just an abstraction, right? I have two use cases that I think are most important, but we can discuss after the talk, if you think otherwise, we think there are other more important cases. The first one is about what we are saying, about how we are expressing the problem we are currently trying to solve. And when doing that, speaking a common language, by common, I mean, there are two sides of every program, right? There are the insides of the program, the white box sort of thing, and then there are the consumers of the program and what they understand and what they want the program to do. So, this way, speaking the same language, by that I mean, expressing the problem to the system inside. And of course, just speaking, only just speaking the same language is not enough, we have to be able to completely express the problem. So, we use the DSL abstractions to state the problem we are trying to solve and state it explicitly and correctly. And I think that is one difference of DSLs from other kinds of, I would say, lighter weight smaller abstractions like types, classes, records, enclosure, protocols, enclosure. And the, no need to read this. This is from, this is a philosophical, this is in the philosophical concept. This is about concept forming in real life and there are two parts to this. And I think there are parallels to designing DSLs with this. The first part is about how we take the similarities of existence of things when forming a concept while leaving out some of their differences. So, we take the similarities in, we leave out the differences and we call this new construct a concept. And the second part is about how concepts that are in another, in other concepts are differentiated between each other. Meaning that a concept can have, maybe it doesn't have any existence, maybe it has only concepts, because concepts also form a hierarchy. And within that kind of concept, the sub concepts, we have to be able to differentiate them somehow. And the second part is about that. To illustrate, we have existence, right? Three tables. We all, we all immediately recognize that they are tables. But we also know them collectively as the concept table. When I say table, you don't think I refer to a specific particular table. So, this is, this is about the first part. And then when we form the concept of table, we take the similarities. A table is something that, that is lifted from the ground that we can put things on, right? Same thing, chairs and they collectively form, of course, chair concept doesn't include only these three particular chairs, all the chairs get inside that concept. And the same thing is for couches. And tables, chairs, couches, we can take these three concepts. We can put them all together and call them collectively furnisher. So, so we here, we form the higher level abstraction here. The first abstraction was from the existence and the second one was higher level. And within this abstraction, we can still see the differences of different types of objects. They, they are not completely melded into something else. They still retain their identity. The second use case I came up is like all other abstractions. We use them to hide details. And similarly, if I go back, but when I say furniture, I mean a lot of things, but I say only one word. So, I've hidden a lot of things. Maybe you can say there's some, some ambiguity. There's some weakness. But actually, if I'm actually talking about furniture, that's exactly what I should be saying, right? So, two use cases, speaking the same language, effectively stating our problem. And the second one is the two height implementation details. These were my use cases. And this is my three graph. I have this. Obviously, this is another binary tree. The interesting, this is slightly interesting for me. If I take the leaves of this tree and replace them with symbols, yes, this is actually about closure, by the way, not just iron. If I replace it with symbols, because closure is a symbolic language, right? That's actually a very important differentiator of closure than pretty much every other popular language. And this is the code we write. And internally, it can be represented as a tree. You can look at the parenthesis, so many parenthesis. And then, actually, if you're used to writing closure code, you will start seeing actually trees. You will start seeing forms. And because of this simple representation, closure is very suitable language for building DSLs. Maybe suitable is not a good word, but it's easier, I would say, it's easier to build embedded DSLs in closure than pretty much any other language. Because we can change the syntax. We can play with the syntax. We can use macros to sort of replace the code at compile time, even though there's not really a compile time for closure. Or at runtime, we can still accept forms, quoted forms, and we can play with them. It doesn't even have to be the form at runtime or compile time. The form we accept doesn't even have to be valid code. It can be anything. I categorize DSLs as independent and embedded. This is more about embedded DSLs, but the difference between them is basically embedded DSL sort of extends the host language. It's within the host environment and extends the host language. The host language, host environment can be fully available or it may be partially available. For example, you can have a macro that accepts some arbitrary code, but within that code, you may disallow certain structs and you can remove them. But the example I will give later, actually, all the closure is available. An independent DSL is outside of the environment. It's in a way above the environment or it's executed outside of the environment itself. So you have full control of what to allow and what to disallow and what to expose to your DSL. But it's actually more work, especially if you have a very flexible language like closure. It's more work to build an independent DSL. But another advantage of independent DSLs is if you have your language, your own language, you can replace the implementation language and nobody has to know. So before we move on to the embedded case, this is an example written with Instaparse. I'm so surprised. It always has shown the horizontal score bar here. Awesome. This was my list dialect grammar. Anybody has worked with Instaparse? So, some are familiar, right? So basically, let's take a look at this. This is an application, open parent and a close parent. And in between, we have any number of, it can be white space or atom or list or another application. By the way, just again, just only looking at the application itself. When Instaparse does its job, all I have is AST because it doesn't necessarily have to be valid my language. It doesn't have a name, actually. It doesn't have to be valid. So this is the first part. I get the AST. I still have to validate it and then I still have to evaluate it afterwards. So the main subject of this talk is this little shape language. It's a very, very, very simple language. In real world, I suppose it would have many more bells and whistles, but this is very simple. And my inspiration comes from this paper. In this paper, they are given a some sort of defense program prototype to the participants and they use different languages to write a prototype. And there are some interesting findings about how Haskell ends up producing less bugs in less lines of code, etc., etc., and good performance. So basically, according to this paper, Haskell is much better than C++ in every way, as far as I remember. So this is a graphic I stole from the paper itself. They define these shapes and then they define, on top of this language, they define rules of engagement. Like this may be a ship, maybe it's going this way and maybe this is a plane flying like this and then can this ship shoot down this plane, things like that. In my language, it will be because I think I have something like 15 minutes or so. It's very, very, very simple. We will have points, circles, and very simple transformations and very simple combinations. This is quite complex actually. Yes.  And we will be able to define points and the only purpose of this language is to check whether a point is inside the given shape or not. This function, inside function, takes a shape, takes a point, returns boolean. This is from structural interpretation of computer programs. I'm guessing some of us are also familiar with this. There, Abelson and Sussman says, to understand the language, you need to ask three questions. What are the primitives of the language? What are the means of combination? And what are the means of abstraction? So let's take a look. I have two primitives, circle shapes and points. Very simple. X and Y coordinates. And this one, this one is, this is a function of course. This one is a value. It represents a unit circle, a circle center that origin with the radius of one. The means of combination is, so basically all the combinatory functions, they only operate on circles. I said this is a very simplified thing. No, some of them also operate on points. Anyway, they take a shape and they return a shape. Translate moves shapes and scale, basically scales them. And if I, if I added things like rectangles or triangles or more complex polygon shapes, etcetera, etcetera, I would have to rotate and things would get exponentially complex. So I just kept it simple. By the way, the code and tests are online right now. After this, you can take a look. The second set of combination functions, they take multiple shapes and return a single shape. You can build a union of shapes or you can build an intersection of shapes. And actually by, just by, you only need to supply two, union or any intersection, union and difference or intersection and difference. No, not the last one. You only need to supply two functions. Based on these, you can also derive difference for example. Means of abstraction. Since this is a embedded DSL, there is nothing further that I have written you can use the entire closure. How to think? Well, let's say, let's say we have decided we are confident and we really need the DSL. Nothing else will solve our problem. How to think? How to start designing the DSL itself? I have three guidelines for this. I would suggest thinking outside in or top down, if you will. I would suggest following the closure principle. And okay, syntactic sugar is not a goal in and of itself but like ease of use, let's say ease of use. The third one is. By outside in thinking, I mean, I suggest starting thinking the interface, the consumers of the DSL, the users of the DSL will use instead of the internal details. As little internal details as possible, we should expose to the outside world and give them like a clean interface and small interface as much as possible. Let me show you this again. So we have a point function. We have a value origin and we use the same value. We have another value circle, unit circle. And our functions are directly inside this protocol. But hopefully, if I didn't overlook something, you can just import these as normal closure functions and you can just use them. The consumers, they don't know that this is a protocol. And points implementation of this protocol is here. Let's just take a look at translate. Basically, I get the deltas. I add the dx to x, add dy to y and indentation is wrong. Anyway, I build a new point. Closure principle is our means of abstraction if they result in the language's own primitives and not something else. That means we are adhering the principle of closure. Because otherwise, if I combine things and I end up with something that is not usable by my language itself, then it's useless from my language's perspective. So as much as possible, we want our combinations to end up other primitives. Let's say, let's move the unit circle and scale it. We can do it like this. We first scale and then move. And then we can check that origin is actually inside this new circle. It should return true. By the way, means of abstraction, I can just make some small changes. I can make this definite and I can change this with variables. I can build a circle building function. So building abstractions is easy, actually. And the syntactic sugar, I already mentioned this. This is an internal detail. I don't want my users to know there is such a thing as a record or there is such a thing as a protocol or what is the name of the protocol. I just want them to understand and use points and circles and translate, et cetera. If closure was better at hiding things, I would hide it even further. And this is another example. This is from test check. Are you familiar with test check? It does generative testing. So to explain this real quick, we want to generate a random list of bytes in this case. Generate a random list. Give me that list. But along with this list also give me one of the elements in the list. The element you give me, I want it to be guaranteed to be inside the list. So it returns a couple. This generator returns a single element of this and then this is basically just returning the list as is. So I'm using bind. And I use two generators but the second generator depends on the first generator in this case. And test check has a syntactic trigger for this. You can write it with let macro. As you see, I first generate my list, this line. And then I pick one of the elements and then I return a list. And this is much more readable I think. And basically what happens is let macro converts this code into pretty much this code. But the advantage is maybe for two things it doesn't look very interesting. But if you have ten things, good luck writing ten bytes inside each other. It's not easy. So we define the primitives. We have the means of composure. And we are adhering to the closure principle. And we have a nice language now. Like let's say the external API is somewhat stable now. Now without changing the external API, we can improve the internal API. And maybe this is one of the advantages of using a DSL. We can suppose we have two circles. One of them is inside another one. We can replace a union of these two circles with the larger circle. Because there's no need to compute and there's no need to go, okay, am I in this circle? Yes, okay, then check the next one. No need. If it's in the larger circle, it's also in this, sorry. Yes, it's either, right? If it's in the larger circle, we don't need to check the second one. Second optimization we can do is again we can take a complex form without evaluating it first. And then we can transform unnecessary, we can eliminate unnecessary transformation if I'm moving something this way. And then I'm moving it back in this original place. I can just remove both transforms, both translates. And the ultimate elimination is I can use a transformation matrix. If your language is two-dimensionally, you need a three times three matrix. And then you can, within this matrix, you can encode translation, rotation, scaling, shearing, everything you can encode in this matrix. And change your language without changing its API. And that's all I have. Questions? As your example implementation, did you use the InstaPath to pass a real code? Or you just, you could do the code? You're familiar with tarpit, right? Tarpit paper. So it's kind of like a database and a programming environment all inside each other. I will say it's like stored procedures, kind of, but not horrible like that. The language itself is purely descriptive. It has descriptions of relations, descriptions of queries, descriptions of functions, etc., descriptions of constraints on your data, like unique constraints. This is the language and there are absolutely no effects in that language. So I pass this language, and based on that, I get the schema for my data, and I validate my schema with my store, and I build the functions. But the closure prototype, it's easy to build the functions. It's just transformation from my very restrictive expressions to closure. And then in the system, the system sits in the center, and then you start feeding data. And then there are observers. They subscribe to particular queries. And then data that touches, that changes the results of those queries change. The observers are waken up and then they get the updates. So in many applications, like we read some data, we do something, we write it back. But in this case, it completely decouples the reader side and the writer side. And in the middle, because you strongly specify your schema, it doesn't allow you to do things that violate your schema. So the language part is not very heavy, but the writing and reading the data is a bit tricky. So you got another abstraction about this closure? Yes, because if I accept, you can also read the CLGA file, right? You can read it. And then I think the function's name is read or eval, one of them. You can just read and execute arbitrary closure code within your program just by giving the file. But then the entire closure language is available and the user is allowed to do anything with your data, allowed to violate the constraints example. To constrain that, I had to use a special language. It's crippled. It's crippled. Another thing I had to build myself is the schema is typed. Types are very simple, but it is typed. And it is typed in a way. This is, by the way, this is relational algebra. It's an implementation of relational algebra. And let's say when you're creating a SQL table, you say this column, this type, this column, this type. And then sometimes when you read the schema back, it may come in a different order, but actually it stores those columns in a particular order internally. It's exactly like, its layout is like an exact sheet in a database. But in relational algebra, there has to be no order of the tables. And the underlying system should be allowed to optimize, taking advantage that the fields are not ordered. So what I had to do was I had to create a product type that is not positional. If you're familiar with Askel, you can have like my type a, b, c, right? And then a always comes from b, comes before b, b always comes before c. So it's positional. You have the product type, but it's always positional. You cannot say, okay, my type takes three things, but in any order. You can never do that in the type system. So I had to build that as well. Thank you very much. No problem. My question is two questions actually. I have any other important use cases for DSLs? Can you think of? Because I'm not a DSL guy and I think many times you can solve your problems not writing a DSL. So are there any strong arguments to build a DSL? Is my question. And the second question is, again something I'm not entirely sure. Yes. Can you think of anything else about the design of DSLs? Any opinions? Because none of this is really a mind bending, right? Because you've already covered it properly, but I've used DSLs before for security in terms of receiving input from users to describe the problem and then running it in the cloud on a shared system. And the sandboxes can do the same thing. You can guarantee the time they can run it. So this is a performance critical environment. So DSLs you can guarantee there's no looping. There's nothing that can run for a long time. So you can make high performance guarantees about how long a problem will take to run. I've never used a sandbox in Clojure, but when I was simple DSL, really simple DSL, I can explain this to somebody maybe less technical. I think easier than the entire Clojure, right? Also, if you have practical experience, is it like more work to write sandbox Clojure or less work? Or the same amount of work? So it's like a seamless experience. So it limits the amount of keywords or kind of expressions you can use to make other dangerous constructs. Okay. So you parse Clojure like code in Instaparse and then pass it to sandbox. Yeah. And everyone knows if you said this. But coming up, coming up with this, coming up with this for me was, where is it? Coming up with this for me was quite challenging. Even though this is like maybe one percent of the complexity of Clojure. It's very, very, very simple. Yeah. So it's a little more reliable, fully defined grammar. So this part works well. It could be a bit slower in my experience. So if you want to run, parse things at runtime, you can have some problems because this part needs more memory. Also, there's no streaming. There is no streaming. Instaparse cannot stream data. Or you cannot stream data through Instaparse. Okay. Thank you very much.


With action and suspense out of the Old West comes the most famous hero of them all hop along Cassidy starring William Boyd The ring of the silver spurs heros the most amazing man ever to ride the prairies of the early West Hop along Cassidy the same hoppy you cheer in motion pictures and the same California You've laughed at a million times raw courage and quick shooting of Delta legend around this famous hero Hop along is a name to be feared respected and admired for this great cowboy rides the trails of adventure and excitement William Boyd as hop along Cassidy and and declared as California Well hoppy what about our story several folks have asked me how I found so much adventure in those early days of the West The answer is there was always plenty for a man to do just minding his own business But sometimes trouble popped up when you least expected it Remember one time California night been riding across the hills under the burning Sun and suddenly we came on the prettiest little stream Shaded by some cottonwoods now if you weren't in any particular hurry What would you do in a case like that?   Yeah Hey, it's slicker now the word turn nation did we put our clothes now? We drifted downstream quite a ways. Oh, there they are hanging on that bush up there Up we go Here's your stuff hoppy in here. Well Well, I'll be whoring the swap.  And that's what happened Look at what's in this pocket looks like a black mask to me and it's got fresh blood on it and hoppy you this colt it ain't mine and It's just been fired Or do you make of this hoppy looks pretty plain to me now and I don't like it. There's been a shooting maybe a killing You hear that hoppy I sure do well there they are if that ain't a posse hoppy then I'm a ring-tailed skunk Well, it's a posse. All right, and they're moving fast enough to be following a fresh trail and powerful anxious to meet up with a gent Wearing black clothes if I figure right well, we're waiting for her. Let's get a going on a tight spot, California But you'd be in a worse spot if you ran We've got to explain what really happened Yeah, and if they don't believe someone's rich clothes with me then what a way they're riding they mean business Here's what we'll do you stay and try to explain the posse hasn't decided yet Now slip around back of these cottonwoods if they don't believe you I'll make my play hurry They're starting around the riverband That's it hoppy And hoppy if they start dragging out a hemp neck stretcher don't worry, California. Don't worry Now back to hop along Cassidy and the killer in black Hoppy's pal, California is in real danger being found in those black clothes But hoppy insists that California try to explain his way out of it That's better than starting to run when he hasn't done anything wrong hoppy figures And anyway hoppy's standing by to see that his pal gets a fair chance I sure hate to plug you and so many's waiting to see your next stretch But don't you make no fancy moves on in a sheriff air I ain't the man you're looking for I know it looks awful funny Me dressed in this black suit, but funny about the way you killed old Bill Ryan Huh didn't never always agree with what he wrote in that weekly gazette, but no square editor ever set a stick of time Maybe so No in a way way way way wait a minute sheriff like I was telling you I was swimming in this year Crick and when I get out somebody had talked my clothes and left these I never shot nobody I you get your chance to tell that one in court, mr.   I'm not doing bad. So far am I sure? California take up a collection of a shooting iron. So that's the name her Seems I've seen that face before too I've got it You're the California. That's a wrangler over at the bar 20.   They'd taken you in I don't think you'd have had a chance. Maybe I ain't got one anyways. Well, well, what do we do now? Do what would any man do? We got to find the killer before the law closes it Oh quit talking about the law closing in and think or something. I've got it Maybe it's a good thing the sheriff does know your name. He'll head for the bar 20 and that don't make me feel any better Hoppy means he can't get back to coyote juncture much before morning hoppy Hoppy you wouldn't mean that me and you are going back into town with me wearing these duds We got some nosing around to do and that's the place to do it It'll be dark and I'll find some way to sneak you into a hotel room Sooner we make coyote junction the better There's the hotel down at the end of the street.  I can't get the right kind of room in a few minutes. I'll come back there Right hoppy. Do your best You've got a room on the first floor a friend something for a crippled gent so he doesn't have stairs to climb I got a room right in the street if you want it. Well, I wanted something quiet Something quiet a better take room for back on the alley Hey, what was you to think if I told you there was a killing here this afternoon? Why why you're kidding? Oh, I ain't a kid neither Some farm and stuck a coat and old Bill Ryan's rib and told him to hand over his money And what did mr. Ryan do my old bill waited right into the guy wouldn't take orders from nobody Took a slug in the shoulder another in the hip just kept moving in my my finally the Third slug caught him in the gizzard Poor wife is in the back room seen at all you don't say well if it's that rough around here I'd better take the quiet room on the alley Well, just trying your room on this line here There that ought to do it Yeah, here's the key and straight back in the hallway there Say isn't it kind of funny the holdup man didn't stick up the bank Not much money on a newspaper office Well, that's the funny if you know this town banks been robbed so much They got three chairs deputies working as clerks waiting for the whole of men to come back Besides old Bill Ryan kept his bank roll on his hip everybody knew it. I see well good night friend California Here I am. Don't talk so loud. Don't want the clerk to know I'm having a visitor Here you go I'm leaving you in here and don't you set foot outside this room you got it sure sure But where are you going hoppy? You got anything to work on a little thanks to the hotel clerk How intonation bill Ryan didn't trust banks carried his money in his pocket Outside I wouldn't know that but a local man would that's pretty silly copy But where do you go from there even if it was a local ombre? There was a witness to the killing bill Ryan's own wife for a poor woman. Well Wish you luck hoppy. Thanks, California, but remember keep the door locked and stay inside I I hated to break in on you Mrs. Ryan knowing your sorrow, but I know you want the real killer brought the justice It's exactly the way I told it the same man that killed your husband as the one who switched clothes with my partner, California You you sound sincere mr. Cassidy. Yeah, well, I do believe you But if California didn't kill my husband then who did I don't know yet Mrs. Ryan, but you can help me Well, you will you try you bet?  Cassidy he loved this town and wanted it kept clean when he saw evil things He did his duty even if it meant making a few people angry. Yes, that's true Nick Lyman for one Nick owns a lucky chance casino And what did he print about Lyman that you could watch Nick Lyman's roulette wheel all night and never see a winner Well, the sheriff sure had it right about your husband's courage. Yes The sheriff was a might put out himself with election coming on bill was making some pretty pointed references to the wave of bank robberies We've been having and There's one more person who didn't like bill who's that mrs. Ryan Sam Fleson the bankers son-in-law how does he fit into the picture all three of the holdups this last month We're during the noon hour when Sam was alone in the bank Maybe the bandits figured he had a good thing Maybe but my husband didn't think Sam put up enough of a fight.  Cassidy true Sam Fleson wears an outfit like that But so does every other clerk in the bank and so does Nick Lyman when he's at the lucky chance So I'm afraid you're right back where you Something's happening down the street hard to tell what I'll blow out the lamp so we can see better What it looks like a mob and and they're hidden right this way they sure are and there's a lot of them They're all following the sheriff right up to the jail. So they are mrs. Ryan. So they're still milling around outside that jail I can't imagine this is Ryan. If you'll excuse me. I'm going down there But why mr. Cassidy because the sheriff wasn't alone mrs. Ryan my partner California was handcuffed to him And now back to half-along Cassidy and the killer in black California has been led into the jail and an angry mob mills about threateningly outside Eager to avenge the murder of Bill Ryan Now what do you want? I just happen to see you bringing a friend of mine, Sheriff And you ain't very particular about your friends. Listen happens to be a killer. That's your idea I've got mine talking kind of big ain't you I happen to be a fence sheriff right now I'd like to talk to my friend. Maybe he wants a lawyer lawyer the way that mob sounds. I'm afraid There's no time to use for a lawyer. I'm going back there. Wait a minute stranger.  I sure hate to do this You should never put your six shooter away when you're locking a cell door nice work copy catching California easing down gentle Yeah, oh you sure nailed him But from the way he's breathing he ain't gonna be out too long. Why'd you leave the hotel, California? Well, uh, well, uh, I hear the noise and looked outside and there was a fella carrying a bundle a bundle of my clothes and Headed straight for coyote Creek. Are you sure sure is a heifer looking for a calf? When he went past the little shack behind the hotel there was a light burning and I seen the red patch The widow woman showed him a bridge. Then what happened? Well a minute later this jet was tying the rock to my duds getting ready to sink him So you just decided to wander outside. How'd you get caught? Why? Well, I was just a closing in on him and then I slipped on the Crick Bay sure And this home returns round and kicks me right in the chin and hard Well, I reckon I was still out of my head when I wandered out into the street and smack dab into the sheriff I figured the sheriff would be riding toward the bar 20. He sent his men on but he decided to come back and Speaking of coming back looks like the sheriff's making another comeback right now No chance getting you out past that mob, California for the time being your safe here is anywhere Here's the sheriff's gun. I ain't very safe in the worst at all. I'm scared. I've got an angle I'll be seeing you. This is a good strong jail. Now. Don't worry sure wish I had a harp in here I could start getting in a few practice licks those ombres sound awful Hoppy when I come back on rental these cell bars from the outside window keep watching the alley for me If you want in just shut the door You must be nick lineman your pharaoh dealers and I'd find you up here If you're squawking because you get cleaned out downstairs skip it boothills full of gents who made cracks about my gaming tables Yeah, I guess old Bill Ryan was the last to make himself heard. He's dead. All right, and I can't say I'm sorry Wait a minute stranger Just how did you mean that crack like you think I meant it if anyone had a reason to murder him lineman you had one You're getting kind of careless ain't your stranger That shootings only a sample Look at your right sleeve one through there and two through your hat Well, I've got to admit it was good shooting Which reminds me never talked to a gent again when he's got his hands out of sight behind the desk There's seven notches on this shooting iron stranger, but there ain't none of them got there because a man was only flapping his jaw When I kill it's because the other gent went for his gun burst Now if you want to start for your gun go ahead And if you don't turn around and walk out peace of a life That's just what I'll do walk out peace of all and thanks for the information You didn't get any information out of me your wrong lineman, and it's probably the first time in your life You're not betting on a sure thing so long California California But I wouldn't be if I was a gopher I'm getting more to work on California saw my something awful important Just happened look down the alley see the little shack where the lights burn Well, that's where the gent was standing when he tossed your duds into Kyle Craig Yeah, and whoever he was he must have done some thinking because he just come back. Where'd he go? I've seen him go into the shack maybe now He's afraid someone who lives in that set shack saw him knock me out The varmint probably didn't think about a witness till he's nerve settled What could have been the man who lives there you just saw oh what I'm trying to tell you is this varmint Just didn't walk in he's snuck Now I see what you're driving at and the lights out too. Just a minute.  Yes graze my shoulder What happened that's what I want to ask you I don't know I was just fixing my supper when this fellow rushes in blazing away Lucky for me. He couldn't see me too good from the doorway. I'd be a conner Did you get a look at this fellow when he came in shooting? No sure But if an idea died be lighten out for the varmint right now Maybe I can save you the trouble right now. You better look after that shoulder yours What is it? Mrs. Ryan? How'd you find me here? California down at the jail. I just left me California me the mobs cutting down a tree They're going to use it to batter down the jail door. How much longer will it take half an hour at most horrible? I tried to reason with them, but they wouldn't even listen to me I've got just one more trick to play and if it doesn't work. Well, I'm afraid it'll be too late Those men are sure California killed my husband. They're wild. Where will I find Sam fleece in the bank or son-in-law? He lives in the house behind the bank, but he's out of town. I'm hoping he's had time to get back now Listen carefully, Mrs. Ryan. I want you to hide right here beside this shack There's something you will have to hear, but I don't understand my friend's life may depend on it Please do as I ask goodbye, Mrs. Ryan Then I take it fleece and you aren't willing to make the loan to me on my face I never heard of such a thing. First you break in on me when I'm tired after a long trip And you try to borrow money when it isn't even banking hours. Finally, you can't even offer any security Well, I guess that's it then, but I told you why I had to ask for it My partner was carrying all our money. Well, that's too bad, but I can't do business with you Now if you'll leave me alone, I'll try to get some sleep. Good night, Mr. Fleece and Mrs. Ryan, where are you? If I've guessed right, it won't be long Well, they got their tree cut, but they'll have to trim it some before they can use it That'll take the most time. Isn't there something? Wait, listen You hear that? Someone's coming. Who is it? The man who killed your husband, Mrs. Ryan The man who tried to kill the old timer inside this shack He's sneaking down to the river bank now and I know what he's after He's not worried about being caught, not with the whole town up at the jail He's getting into the water All right, Sam Fleece, I can see you, but you can't see me Just what's the idea? Kind of cold to go swimming, isn't it? And it doesn't look like you're carrying a fish pole either If I want to go waiting, that's my business It's like old Bill Ryan was getting too close to the solution of those bank robberies, wasn't he? That's a lie. You can't prove any of this nonsense You'll prove it for me, Fleece. In fact, you already have What are you talking about? I asked you for a loan because someone had taken my partner's clothes with all our money in them When you came out to this creek to try to find that money, Fleece, You signed your confession of the murder of Bill Ryan Because the murderer is the only man who knew where those clothes were Come on, Fleece, and you're through Come and get me, Cassidy You're losing your head again, Fleece Four shots at the old timer inside this shack And one makes five You haven't reloaded You've got only one left That's a bad gamble, I'm warning you I'll take my chances, Fleece You're an awful poor shot and you know it Now, Fleece, I'll come and get you Maybe this gun's empty, but I can sure cult you with it, Cassidy Stay away, I'm warning you Quite a dive, Fleece Now, up, up, here you go And down you go again Now, we'll just hold you down until you have a change of heart about confessing And now to the conclusion of the killer in black You wanted a good night's sleep, but I ain't exactly in love with a coyote Oh, I feel all right, California Now that it's over and we got Fleece's confession Well, I've got to admit you sure look funny marching out of jail With that big rope around your skinny neck Well, it looks to me like you sure took your time of getting there Well, it's just as I was telling you The killer took four shots to murder poor Bill Ryan at close range So all I knew for certain was he was a mighty four-shot From the looks of them holes in your hat and shirt That led out Nick Lyman the gambler It sure did That was as pretty a shooting exhibition as I ever saw And you know the sheriff wasn't the killer A lawman has got to be able to shoot pretty straight Which left Sam Fleece But the only way I could confirm my suspicions was to get him to look for your clothes Where he tossed them into the creek It all took time, California Yeah, yeah, I know it did happy Well, maybe the boys at bar 20 will think I'm quite a dude in this black outfit of Fleece And you know, I've been thinking If I didn't know you should done well I'd suspect you wasn't coached with the killer right from the beginning What? Well, it was just because I was dressed all in black That I had such a narrow escape Yeah?  Well, so it is Hoppy gets his man again And this time it's the killer in black Hoppy's next story concerns his visiting an old Scots friend By the name of McDonald McDonald And becoming a bodyguard to a French songbird Who receives a note of warning threatening certain death Hoppy calls this one Coming Attraction Murder So remember to be with us for another fast moving episode of Hoppillong Cassidy Hoppillong Cassidy starring William Boyd Is transcribed and produced in the west by Walter White Jr. The killer in black was written by Sidney S. Swarski and Dwayne Yarnel All stories are based upon the characters created by Clarence E. Mulford This is a Commodore production


, � состояниippers, scientists kothik- ಇರ್ಠ್ಗಿ ಕ್ರ್ನು , parngh- ಈ೑ಥ್ರೌತ್ಟ್ತುಕ್ತ್ಥ Bubba మాన్చాస్లానిటాచ్చిగ్ప్చిమివిచిఆిందారెట్చిమట్పమచిల౽తాని fENSpy టోషధ్తులి నికింరా first class సం఍లా −చిచాభల భ�哋నిలౖతతematics ఠిరారడి మటరాసచీని బెనంలయరం hayır టీలౕ ఠంభేలా ధాల౦ నిగారగచా wait ক belo ংদব মানুব নুব বাঙানুব এা� ridicle কাযব সীন সীীব. সহানুব কানুব আকবা সীনিনুব কানুব কবানুব সীব . or pain relieving drugs which can be tolerated and other side effects such as bleeding disorder kidney failure and ulcer this pain clinic role is very important first diagnosis of the disease proper history taking and proper diagnosis usually small procedure minimally invasive pain and spine intervention see some of these injections are given to the nerve level where we can reduce the pain either it is a nerve or it is a joint which is given platelet rich plasma and some other side injections we can reduce the medicines and dos we can also bond the medicines and mild compression we can also reduce the surgery in many places so particularly aged people it is very beneficial we call it pain clinic but in normal people it is not understood people consider it as pain clinic pain clinic it is a chronic pain it is not surgical indication I mean suppose we have a stomach pain appendicitis gallbladder stone kidney stone surgery even in summer stage 4 osteoarthritis onter pain hard almost bend red flag sign surgery but grade 2, grade 3 osteoarthritis mild onter pain limit frozen shoulder patient can lift his hand it is not surgical indication it is cancer pain cancer treatment but it is pain normal medicines we can do pain treatment without medicine without surgery pain clinic normal delivery time people get pain pain less delivery pain less delivery pain less delivery part of anesthesia epidural anesthesia epidural anesthesia simple simple pipe but medicines continuously delivery time without pain we can do it abroad we can do it in India we can do it in many different centres anesthetist is involved throughout the career patient is admitted to delivery and is given a delivery without pain we can see in old age people experience pain relief pain cleaning relief joint pain osteoarthritis pain joint pain medicines supplement supplement joint repair joint cartilage repair we can do it side effect almost no advanced medicine injection shoulder joint injection platelet rich plasma blood platelet injection early stages band virus surgery injection fat fat stem cell therapy multiple complications surgery high risk life risk radiofrequency ablation simple language nerve pain relief same ginsa frozen shoulder hydro dissections joint pain constriction if not radiofrequency nerve pain carrying all ginsa in old age patients benefit simple injections radiofrequency pain relief surgery medicine


Hi everybody, Joe for jazzy's casebreaks.com here with 2022 top scrim baseball blaster box break number two with six of those fanatics autograph Jersey spots being given Being given away too aggressive with those jerseys there big. Thanks to this group for getting in on it Well oil machine ladies and gentlemen and big thanks to the teams right there. Let's roll it. Let's do the break first Let's roll it randomize it three and a six nine times her names and teams one Two and nine Brian with a wide under Brian with an eye Three and a six nine times for the teams two three four Their PSA seven jerseys now White socks down to guardians Yeah, sorry folks when when you send them to PSA to get slabbed All right, here's the first half of the list right there. They were PSA tens Here's the second half right there PSA sevens now No, I don't have a printer here. That's right or I do but I need ink. That's arriving tomorrow I'm gonna pause the video and print this out and we'll come back and we'll do the we'll do the blaster box break We'll give away the spots stick around All right, welcome back ladies and gentlemen got it printed out here is here it is hot off the presses on the 27th big. Thanks everybody for making it happen See what's in this Blaster box and then we'll give away the remaining spots and then we'll see see who's gonna go home with Nice authentic jerseys But yeah, those first pitch cards from an old 2016 tops chrome baseball set I don't think they've done too many first pitch insert since then I feel like they showed it. I think it's a cool idea But yeah to build a slab set might be I don't know who I guess We'll look it up if we have got if we've got time after the jersey break Think we'll go take a look at the checklist and see who's on there Be interesting We've got a sepia Luke Williams use the false Luke got a Mike trout and we've got a Ryan Vallad pink so the Luke Skywalker Williams will go to Donald the Ryan Vallad pink parallel will go to Go to Rex and the rocks We've got a JT real Muto to 199 for the fight and fills that's for Donald and an Austin Riley Think we had a home run today Donald All right, there you go. Not bad Now let's see who's gonna win these uh These Jersey spots here. Let's gather everybody's names one through 30 and Let's roll it randomize it six and a one seven times lucky seven for somebody top six after seven. Good luck one two three four five six and seven So from seven on down seven through 30. It'll be sad times Sorry Brian Seven through 30. Thanks everyone For giving this a shot Brian was very close, but no cigar. We'll get him next time Top six though. Happy times for you. You're in the next break Different a Brian with a Y is in Eugene is in so is Eugene again Brian you got in Other Brian got in and Rex So congrats to the top six. We'll see you in the next video For the break itself Jaspie's case breaks.com. Bye. Bye


Oh we got Robinhood already reporting here. What's up CG2K? Thrusty, thanks for following. Captain Crunch. What's up? Welcome. It's blind monk. What's going on? Good afternoon. I know right? Apple is gonna be big. It's gonna be big for us. What's up fiat world? Alright let's check it out. Robinhood reported down 10% after hours not much move earnings per share is negative 49 cents as opposed to negative 45. Sales is 363 million as well as 362 so slightly there in sales but missed in margins. They said they expect Q1 Robinhood to expect Q1 sales to be less than 340 mil as opposed to 448. Yo that's a big difference. So it's kind of bearish for them. Kind of bearish there but they've already been beat up so hard. GG Cathy Woods getting stuck in in Robinhood. What's the digital? Q2 earnings per share is $2.30 plus 187 so some beat. Sales is 4.83 billion. The estimate of 4.25. 233 percent increase compared to last year's and EPS and 20 percent increase in revenue. What was the trading at last year? Last year's trading at $52 per shape. Are they gonna be down so bad? So the bad guidance. What's the digital? C is Q3 earnings per share at $1.50 to $1.80 as opposed to 176 estimate. It's pretty wide guidance. A lot of company are saying it seems like a lot of company are really saying supply chain issues are gonna be a big thing for them but they said their sales gonna kill it. 4.45 as opposed to 4.23. They also announced a new CFO transition. Usually stocks don't like that. They don't like when CEO or CFOs can change. Tesla got smashed today. Let's see. Actually didn't look at Tesla so much. Wow got a lot of alert popping up today. Playing out accordingly. That's good. I mean you know a lot of people were looking for Tesla to make that move there so hopefully some of the options player that make the bet yesterday got paid off. It needed to move one way or another and people people need that big move so good for them man. I'm personally looking for Tesla to move a little bit further down. You know I said this other day personally wanted to move to this expert spot here at this $800 range. That's where like the ideal area for Tesla to possibly go for bounces. I think that would be good for the entire market for Tesla to move there and then go bing.  Because Ernie wasn't that bad yesterday. It was just like you know weaker guidance and things like that. I think as long as Tesla isn't an $800 yet I think it's pretty good so far. What's up Mario and Ozzy good afternoon. Yves what's up unless it's Ryan. Oh actually how the LCID do it today. Oh my gosh.  What a deal. What a deal. That was a good play. This is why you should play these other things alternative to Tesla. I was telling somebody else about that. I forgot what I was talking to. I think I was talking to SmartYear or something. And I was talking about the Shronin Tesla stuff. And I told him that. I forgot if it was Bob Trader or SmartYear but one of those other guys talked to me about Tesla. And I was like if you guys really hate Tesla man. I mean and I had but if you guys really want to play Tesla. LCID is the way to go because you have another stock that that's very similar to the EV market right. Let's see what I said. Found it. So if you guys really like playing Tesla and you guys have smaller accounts this is how you play. So let's say if Tesla goes down bad right. So I said this the other day. Generations and dirt. Tesla goes down bad. LCID probably goes to sub 30s right. So I will probably strangle $5 move both sides for the end of February. Tesla's price for $60 move. So we need $120 move to really pay out if you play both sides. For $120 move for Tesla to happen was going to be pretty hard right. Because premium is so high they really pricing you for that. So but LCID they only price for $5. So if it really moves more than $5 that's it. You're good. You're going to make money. Oh I could tell this person is a Tesla bow. Hating me right now. Angry. Is that the angry face. Is this the face of anger. That like in the bombs down there. I mean I think it's a good area. Just recent worldwide is a reasonable area. How's everyone's day. Miss the whole trading day once again. Oh no. They were doing pretty good. Today was relatively easy on spy. You know things been playing out pretty odd. I mean pretty odd like in easy way. I'll show you what I mean. So so this is the spy chart right. Yesterday we broke under which is pretty bearish losing that area. We tested like I forgot. There was a line that we tested somewhere on the bottom side. I don't have in this chart which was over here right the 430 area. So that held the support with testing the area again. But then look at the area where you got rejected at. So this was the trend line that we're in yesterday. Right this trend line and it was trying to come back up and now this trend line yesterday was support. It was a we were on uptrend. It was all support all day. And then we hit this area and this area was resistance. So once it hit the resistance it got rejected around like 10 10 o'clock 10 11 o'clock. So by that time I was already done. I was like oh man flood gate opening opening opening like volume was so bullish. Took some stuff there got out right here and they just kind of waited and now everything came back down to this this nice bottom. So you could have swung some stuff today. Whether it was the financial stuff I was talking about or even like Target or some other stuff we mentioned in the podcast this morning. So we could have opportunity to move up from here. The key is though don't break 420. The key is don't break 420. You know you can go down a little bit more. I don't mind but don't break 420. That's all I asked. Let's check out some of the other names to see if Apple came out yet. So it was pretty easy market this morning. If you like if you had that line if you had that rejection line you can see it. Good opportunity so put spread for LCID. Yeah I mean if Tesla hits that $800 mark you can potentially sell puts there. You know because LCID is in the NASDAQ and it it would be supported if the whole like tech sector moves to Apple makes the same thing like square rip SQ. Oh yeah I feel so bad for SQ man. If that happened it's GG. Yo what's up? What's up Couple Magic? What's up Barbie Niko? How's it going? Visa beat? Oh yeah let's check out Visa. Did it rip? Because MasterCard. Visa earnings per shares $1.83 as opposed to $1.70. Sales is 7.06 billion. The estimate of 6.79. Wow really good quarter. 28% increase compared to the same period last year and 24% increase compared to the same period last year in sales. So really really good number. Let's look at the year one-year data. One-year data 200 to 192. Pretty cheap right now. Pretty cheap right now. Assume a 200 and be like what was that? 240s? 248? So could see a big move on Visa today. So tomorrow morning watch to see how animals react to it. We can see a pretty bullish move. Considering that was a pretty good earnings but I don't see a guidance though. Let me see. Share buybacks or anything? Yo RB Niko this is a buy the dip man. You've been itchy RB Niko. You've been itchy brother buy the dip on Visa. Yes sir. Because look company had 24% growth year over year. Had a really good quarter almost like American Express. Returned 4.9 billion capital to the shareholder through dividend and share repurchase. In addition to that they authorize a new one 12 billion dollars. If I had more funds like if I have more excessive funds right now I buy the dip. I would be I would be putting putting pause right now and going to buy the dip. But I probably wait for tomorrow. But if you got money for shares you buy the dip now almost slam that FOMO button. So let's see what the CEO says. Visa deliver a very strong result with revenue net net income EPS all growing at 624% higher all going at 24% higher. The strength fund network the growth in e commons better than expected progress in return of cross-border travel and continuation of the recovery all contributed to an excellent quarter. As we look ahead we do not believe the current surge in the pandemic will curtail the recovery. We see economies around the world continues to improve and restrictions are lifted. Cross-border travel will continue to recover. We remain confident that we are well positioned. The multi-prong growth strategy to deliver strong results well into the future baby. That's my paper. Visa 12 billion new purchase 24% growth. Got to write it down you know so I don't forget old school like that. They said they completed acquisition. Some company called currency crowd. International infrastructure. Some international payment company. That was a pretty bullish. I was pretty bullish bullish earnings. I mean honestly there's nothing more bullish than that. The only other thing they could say was stock split you know. I mean Visa is coming back to their 2020 levels and they've been doing good. They've been doing good. They're making good money. Why not? The only thing is just the PE is a little bit high but I like the stock. Let me catch up on the comments. It's a decent day. Traded the Q's all day. The Russell wildly made new lows. Yeah Russell hasn't been a favorite. Apple comes out 430. John was that maybe. Any thoughts on so far? I think it's on in the money puts. I'm not a big fan of venture acquisition stocks just because a lot of times when they come out they're already priced for five year growth at $10. So I mean if it's something you really like I would even expect it to go back to $5 before I start buying. Speaking of which I think Grab was there. Grab is like $5. Yeah. Grab might be worth some more worth of purchase if you really like Grab. What's up Tommy? Apple at $5 they said. It looks like they just acquired some company so they should be good. Oh GameStop is down. Is it? What's new? Yo Popper. What's up? What's up Kip? Can Papa please bless this market in his name? What's the whole market take on fintech with the future of the Raykites? I think the market kind of like the Raykites so it's been pretty bullish. But you know financial sector is also pretty slow. PSFE over SoFi. It's all speculative. Yo stick with the big name man. Stick with the big names. GameStop is approaching a valuation that actually makes sense. PX1. What's up? Text keep getting hammer. I think I'm caught up. I caught up. I caught up. Oh we got some new followers. Welcome guys. PX1R. I don't even know if I'm saying they're right. Welcome. Swerves. Grab visage. I think I think it's probably closer to like $30, $40. Let's check out some of the earnings. What else what else reported is really good today. I think we're mostly just waiting for the Apple earnings. Looks like Boots Barn also reported today. This is a specialty retail store. Q3 earnings per shares 223 BSM of 219 sales is 489. I mean 485.9 as opposed to 483. So they said this is 125% increase compared to the same period last year. And 60% increase in sales compared to last year. We tell company this retail company in particular has been really good. Last year the company was trading on $56 dollars. So 56x12.6. We're still on $89 pretty close to that current price range right now. So we might not see much movement here. Unless they have a really good guidance. Do we have guidance? Do we have guidance? Guidance? No guidance? Maybe guidance? There's got to outlook. Looking to spend around 41.43. New unit growth of 10%. It's kind of it there. Look at team. Oh, US Steel also reported. See what team says. Actually, let me see how much 12 billion market cap is for Visa. 2%. Oh, not that much. Team reported Q2 earnings per share is 50 cents as opposed to 39 cents. Sales is 688 mil as opposed to 641 mil. This is the 30% increase compared to the same period last year. And 37% increase in sales compared to last year. This is the cloud company. Let's look at one year ago. Company was at 220. 220 about 1.37% increase. 301. So company was trading on 290. Had a nice move after hours. It's guidance even good. That's interesting. Guidance is not even that good. So Q3 guidance is 29 to 31 cents as opposed to 41 cents. So they might get hit on margins a little bit. The guidance is even weaker compared to this quarter as well. Sales is 690 to 705 as opposed to 663. So sales a little bit more Canadian Pacific. That's a railroad company, right? So they said quarterly subscription 64% year over year. Revenue up 37% year over year. When that match in the data here. The subscription revenue isn't showing that. Wow, they said Q2 was another strong quarter for them. With over 10,000 new net customers this quarter. 90% of which were in the cloud. So they saw revenue grow a lot there. They said they're doing really good and they don't see them slowing down. Oh, they want that cash flow positive. They said this CTO was changing. Pretty much it. Let's check out US Steel. Hey, what's up hazard? Yo, when you're gonna put that cat emoji on your on your Discord. Hey, let's see. Let's see what Apple can do. CP is rarely been buying some things in the US this past year. I'm not mistaken. Oh, they reported it, right? Let's see. Let's see. No movement after hour. Did they really report Calgary? I can't even pull up the report guys. I'm sorry. Scared me. Revenue increased 1% compared to Q4 2020. Operating revenue increased like 5.3%. Earnings per share decreased to 74 cents from $1.19 and compared to Q4 2020. Adjusted is 95 cents. That's supposed to one on one. Personal injuries declined to a record low of less than 1% or something. I think there's a these bozos finally stop hurting themselves drawn on a train track. Not having ran anybody over during this this historic COVID situation. Nobody putting themselves out there. So revenue increased only 1% there operating came down a little bit due to acquisition, I guess. So compared to a year ago, the company was trading on 66. Two years ago, company was trading around 53. I mean, not seeing much opportunity here considering they only grew like 1% they're paying out dividends. So the growth is probably negative considering the fact that they're paying out dividends as well. Apple came out. Why am I looking at railroads? Let's take a look Apple. Oh damn. You guys went crazy. I can't even catch up on the chat at this point. What's up guys? Welcome. Welcome new people. Glad to see you guys here. Apple is earnings per share of 2010 cents beat estimate of $1.88. Sales is 123.9 billion. 123.9 billion as opposed to 118. 25% increase compared to the same period last year. And 18% increase in sales compared to last year. So pretty, pretty, pretty slow increase. Kind of what I was expecting. They're not not a big move there. So look at the last year's numbers, right? 141. 141. 41 times 1.12% increase puts around 160s. Maybe we'll get a move to 170s, but nothing crazy. iPhone sales is still doing really good here. Q1 iPhone sales is 71.62 billion as opposed to 65 billion year over year. So people are still buying iPhones left and right. Like give me, give me, give me, give me. Want to see what the China iPhone sale is like. That's probably going to be crazy. So Q1 max sales is 10 billion. Let me pull up this. So they beat earnings. I wouldn't say they super smashed it, but they beat it. It was a good quarter. Earnings per share was really good on that one though. And sales is pretty good. Sales is pretty good. Where's that China sales? Oh, the China sales slowed down. China sales, this slowed down a lot. So they said Q1 2022 America sales is 51.49 as opposed to 29.74. China sales is 25. I know this is better. I know they have a, they got to have a presentation somewhere. Let me pull up the presentation. Trouser, what's up? Robinhood earnings was, I think was relatively flat. It wasn't, it wasn't that great. They actually, actually know it was bad because they said next quarter they're expecting to like not make a lot of money at all. Wow. I can't find a presentation at all for Apple. They usually have like a pretty nice presentation. They usually have a really nice presentation, but this quarter all I got was this. All I got was this. So let's go back to Bazinga. Her revenue up 11% is a new all-time record. iPhone MacBook wearable and service revenue reach all-time highs. Apes are everywhere buying Apple stuff all over the place. I think they're gonna, didn't have to cut production on iPhone sales as well. They said that last time. Oh yeah, they did close stores too recently. But the thing is, a lot of these, the like, you're gonna understand this right? These earnings, the Q1 earnings that they just reported, it's the three months right? It's the last three months. So it's not counting like recent events and things like that. So sometimes recent events take time for it to hit. Yeah, they're gonna, they're gonna post the earnings call. Is it mounting the cash? Because they have a lot of, they borrow a lot of money too. Apple cars. We are so rich. We do not need presentations anymore. Everybody want to buy us? Put on some spy long with Apple report. Um, hoping for a push to 4380 within a couple hours. 4380. That's 438. He he he he he. What generic Apple report? He's like, amen. Apple single hand saving the parking for one more day. Indeed, indeed. I think, I think we're at a point where the market is like, the market is being held right? By every single little earnings at this point. And at any stock that doesn't like, like the earnings, the market is just like ready for the excuse, bro. They just ready for the excuse like, bam, bam, bam, just slap to die. Got my first MacBook last quarter. Everyone's buying Apple indeed. You guys want to see the market survey? You guys want to see the the stock market survey? You know what the number one, um, so I've been I've been trying to gather like what is everybody's buy the dip stocks, right? So I've been trying to gather like what everybody's buy the dip stock is. Yeah, if if a market like 2020 or 2009 where to happen, like what is everybody's buy the dip? So that's what the survey says over here. That's what we're looking for the survey. And I've been trying to gather what everybody's thought is. So far, Apple has been leading the category. Like everybody is wants to buy Apple, bro. Everybody. Everybody is like, it's Apple, Apple, Apple. I bitch, I could probably find, could probably find, um, I don't even, I forgot, I got to play around with this, but I could probably find your response. There's probably some oil, maybe like two oil companies, um, probably find SLB under. That's probably how I identify it. When will we buy out Robinhood? Oh, that's true. It's only a matter of time. Ravi asks, will Tesla turn positive tomorrow and what's the next immediate support resistance? We talked a little bit about this on Tesla earlier yesterday as well. Our next major resistance on Tesla is X. That's where I ideally would love to see Tesla hit. Yeah, I see the 440 WIC on Spy, my TOS. I remember the other day they threw a WIC so crazy that, um, it actually, um, it actually messed up my TOS and I had to like delete that candle. MRMA? Where did we find the survey at? Um, the survey? You can find it at the link here. Indo was a big oil play today. Oh, what's that? What's Indo do? Spy is moving. It is, it is like, even Apple is moving. Apple is going to 165 right now. Yeah, it was that Spy 368 WIC. You know what I'm talking about? You know what I'm talking about? We were talking about the other day that Spy had this crazy WIC to, um, like 360 something. How is the crypto market we acting though? Spy 420.696969? Really? That 369 WIC actually got you? Wow, what a hunt. Let me see if Apple pulls to anything else. Oh, they did come up with something around 430. All right, so let's see what they said. Um, the amounts there, fiscal results for fiscal 2022. First quarter, of course, record results were made all possible by our most innovative lineup of product ever. Looking to become carbon neutral by 2030. Pushing forward with our work in education and racial inequality and justice. I mean, racial equity, what? Equality? I'm not even sure. So this was a course margin from last year to this year. Net sales for an income. Net income. Net sales by category. These numbers are in millions. So these are billions. Um, so iPhone sales is 71 billion. Yo, they've been so lazy. They've been so lazy, bro. They don't even put percentages anymore, man. Like most companies will tell you, like, this is last year's numbers, right? Like this is last year's number and this is like this year's number. And then they'll put a percentage on there to let you know how much growth was happened. But it feels like this Tesla, like, thing was set up by like last minute.  They said we got to save the market so we can't report a bearish quarter. We got to like fudge up some fake numbers. Labor shortage. That's it. That was it, man. Like this, this is the first time I've ever seen an Apple like things like that's not super crazy. Apple CFO saying easing of supply chain issues in current quarter due to ongoing work with suppliers says supply chain issues. Primary chip shortage for all the models and products. Yo, they said supply chain issues, not an issue for us. Not an issue for us. Apple says there's a lot of sweeps across the board in both directions. Options chain was pricing in for 155 or 170s, they said. Apple two years ago, what do we look at? Apple on a two year basis, $82. On a two year basis, I think Apple has had like almost 100% growth though. Because I remember their pandemic quarters are actually really, really, really good. Jen says I've noticed by gap up pre-market and sell off. That's true. We've been doing that lately. It's by 440 WIC. You know what I noticed? Let's see how this plays out. I noticed usually the WIC goes in the opposite direction of the market. I mean, or the market direction goes opposite of the WIC. So if there's like a 440 WIC, that means they're trying to throw us in the opposite direction. For real, yo, Apple soloed it. Oh, that's nice. Indonesia really coming into play could become a world power at this point. I wonder what country owns Indonesia. That's true. Google would be really interesting because I feel like with Google being like a cloud company, they have to be pretty resilient to everything right now, right? Do they even have supply chain issues? Despite to the moment, oh boy. Indo, this is the blood of the people in the country. This stock itself represents the whole country. Trading at 10X price of sales. Book value is at $1.3, $1.39. Market cap is only $20 million. Pretty low, pretty small market cap. Let's look at the website. This looks about right. This is how I imagine all the oil fields to look like. One person operation. Bro, this guy. He's like 15 years old. There's somebody's son on the company. All three pages are the same. There's actually nothing for proving we're there. Apple saved Bitcoin. How is that? I think for tomorrow, we're... I'm going to take a look at it. But I think for tomorrow, we're really looking for spices. They kind of relatively flat, if anything, at this point. Hold on, I got to close this one position I have. I just remember how about... Please close, please, please, please. Spaces dead in the water. Crazy low market cap. Yeah, that's true. They all moved on to the new version galactic. This market craziness has me doing nothing at work.  Yeah, that guy was young. I was watching Bloomberg last night. They were talking about how India's index is trading at high PEs. Really? Aren't their market pretty bad too, to trade? Never, bro. You would never catch me with that, man. Never. I remember even when the IPO, I thought about playing the IPO run-up, but I wasn't. I can't support the company that's been just hustling everybody, man. I can't support that. We're in the stock market, bro. And that company is like the devil of the stock market. Can't support that, man. Robinhood is literally the devil. I mean, look at it. The UI, the user interface, is so sexy, right? So sexy, man. Like, if that's not the devil, what is? You know? Like, it's like trying to get people just on looks, and then it scams people on orders. It scams people by closing their orders at 3 p.m. on Friday at complete loss. And the next thing you know, when 4 o'clock closes, their order would have been making money. So if Robinhood isn't the devil, I don't know who it is, man. So if Robinhood isn't the devil, I don't know who it is, man. I don't know who it is. Let's take a look at the market. Nice. Looks like Weebo is starting to get some people. 100%. It's all about the UI. That's the only reason people on it. It's like you're dating somebody strictly for their looks, man. That's what Robinhood is. You guys are only dating Robinhood for their looks. Nothing else, man. Nothing else. He he he. Am I right? Am I right? Kind of want the market to come down here. We still have some big earnings coming up, I think. Next week. Let me take a look at ES. Visa is really good. I really like Visa. I really like Visa's earnings, and I think they can have potential to move up. Is there any stocks you guys want me to check out? Bro, all the company does, Robin. All the company does turbo tax auto import. All right. You can do that, everybody, man. Indeed. Damn. The Russell is so weak right now. Why? Oh, man. I feel like the Russell wants to come back to 1700s at this point. It's like it's broken so far off the other index. It's like in the index of his own. Goddamn, Russell's. That one does look good though. On the daily. Half day, not so much. Oil is about to have another move up, actually. I might see it moved up here. That's probably where the short is. If it comes up here, it's probably a good area to short. Gonna have to set an alert. I hope Popper didn't see us. See that? Yes. My order closed. I'm so happy, bro. Andy said Shopify. Let's take a look at Shopify. Oh my gosh. Oh my gosh. So I had this demand zone draw on Shopify a while back. We lost it. We lost it, yo. This is the next level. This is the next level. So that bounce didn't happen. I don't know. Shopify looks like it's one of those knives that's really dangerous to catch at this point. But if it were to have another support area to bounce, that's probably be another range. Next resistance at $1,000. It's gotta, you know, we covered to that. Max resistance, maybe like $1,200. So that's a shop. Let me catch up on the comment, man. All trader around the world should have only one button when they see hood stock. There's a red sell button. That's true. Left on that turret. Just leave it there till they let me move it to my wallet. For reals. What do you guys got there? Dogecoin? Let's check Walmart for you. Check Walmart. One ticker per person. So Walmart. Oh, I actually came back down. Dang, missed opportunity again. I remember the viewers, Omar, point that Walmart for the dip. Pretty good opportunity to certain extent. So this is a line that they held for a long time, right? And you can see it too. You can see like, you can see them holding this line here. You know, pretty well. So it's a line of defense, but it doesn't mean we can't break it. Last few times we have touched this area, it's bounced. So you can see, you know, you can see the bounce in the chart. It's really not that hard. But just know this, know the severe playing Walmart. Ideally try to play shares because they move really, really slow. A lot of choppy moves, like over here, look at this choppy move, right? This move took about September 11th to September 30th to start moving up, right? So that's like 20 days. If you're buying calls, you're buying weeklies and you think it's going to go boom, boom, boom, boom, boom, not going to happen, bro, or not likely to happen. So usually pretty slow moves. I would always prefer to do a calendar this if possible. Probably like, let's say if I expect to move to like 144, probably do a 144 calendar. So that means you would sell the shorter date and you buy the later dates for a 145 or 140s on Walmart and hopefully see it move there. Probably, you know, somewhere closer to that 145 range looking for that move. You've got the crossover on here as well, the money flow coming in pretty bullish. It's like weekly. Weekly is kind of bearish. Daily is kind of bullish. So we can see a short term, we can see a short term move to 143, 144s and then maybe another move back down. One thing though I do know is that is that interest rate increase is not good for Walmart either. What's up, Miracle? Nike? Juice? Mark calls 155 and 160. I think Nike was looking good this morning. Looks like it was about to recover and move to the upside. But obviously at the end of the day, the market, you know, didn't let that happen. I like this area. I'm going to say if we can close above 150, that's pretty bullish. That would be a confirmed move to the upside. The metaverse situation, NFT things, very smart move on Nike's part. Except for the part where they did it on Roblox. Oh, thank you Fiatware for that. We'll check that out a little bit later. Oil bullish. Wow, I will 166. Yo, we talked about this yesterday, bro. We need Intel to die to 43. It's only natural. We need Apple to die, dude. I mean not Apple, Intel, Intel. All right, catching up on the comment. N-A-R-I? What's N-A-R-I? What is this company? Apple single-handedly carrying the whole market up. Oh God, it's been selling off pretty hard. I mean, have some demand zone over here. So kind of this would be your buying area. 65. P and PS is a little bit wild, but it's like biotech almost. So you got to really know the company. You got to know what they're doing. If they really have a great product coming out, then the P and the PS will take care of itself eventually. But technical wise, N-A-R-I could be interesting areas to buy. What's up, clubs? S-E-C, limited? Oh boy, I'm scared to look at this.  Oh God. Oh God. What kind of medical device do they sell? Yo, the weekly chart looks so doom and gloom. I think once we lost that big level, the $200 area on S-E, it was done, though. No real support. Um, you know, going down. It's like Alibaba. It's like when Alibaba died. It's an Asian company. I don't know, I'd be wary. I'm sorry, guys. I'd be wary. I mean, remember when Alibaba just went down here, like this, right? Don't want to be catching that S-E knife. And I weren't. I wanted some of you guys too. I'm sorry, man. Remember Kip? When I was like, yo, I'd be scary. I'd be careful on catching the S-E knife. Just because the trend in Asia has been like going down. So, you know, it's also trading at some crazy valuation too. I mean, look at S-E trading at 8.46 X in price of sales. Still hasn't turned profitability yet. You know, so there's no real P. Because the company hasn't been profitable. All I can say is at least Alibaba is profitable. So I'm sorry, man. I think next major support is probably around 52 range. I mean, anything between here to 52 is all speculative. Like it could bounce anywhere at this point. Just because RSI is so low, it could bounce anywhere. It's really going to be dependent on the stock market, on the Q sector, and maybe like, yeah, it's really going to be dependent on this Q sector. The last four quarter hasn't been profitable. If they were going to have a major catalyst, it would be the next earnings coming up on March 1st. So that's supposed to be a good quarter there. But they're not pricing in for profitability at that quarter as well.  But I kept like, you had SCF 52, went to 360. You know, you knew that was crazy, man. It was like 700% increase.  How often do you get 7% increase in a year? You know what I mean? What were you guys talking about? Oh, DKNG, DKNG. Oh, yeah, $10 maybe. Imagine, sell it open, brother, sell it open. Okay, medical device. Can we go over the deep fake of Jack Ma? Tommy says, you know, I don't, I don't know if people can handle the deep fake of Jack Ma. Do you guys want to see the deep fake of Jack Ma? Nah, yo, I don't want to explore this theory. What if, what if I get hurt by the CCP? Like what if they come after me next time I'm in Asia? Nah, Tommy, you crazy. I can't expose them out loud like that. I can't do it. I don't know where they're watching. Who knows, man? Look at the tennis lady. She disappeared. I don't want to be like her. Oh, actually I saw Arc F. I know you guys are SML Arcade. I saw Arc F. So Arc Find FinTech might be interesting. If you guys are bullish on crypto, if you guys are bullish on FinTechs, right?  This would be your ticker to buy the dip. This would be your ETF to buy the dip. It's coming off a lot. You know, almost back to that 2020 levels. Let's check out Arcade as well. Arcade is getting pretty close to that sixth area as well. I know a lot of you guys love this ticker. This is probably one of the only few areas I might even consider starting a position, just for a possible crazy dead cap bounce at some point or another. Like for a long-term investment. Oh yeah, they have S-Arc now, right?  These guys literally shorted Arc and they make money. Oh no. Wow, so you guys are really done with Kathy, huh? Time to find a new investment manager. She lost the trust of all the people. Yeah, I'm still mad that Kathy raped T-Doc, man. I'm still pissed that she destroyed this company, man. Like they even had a good quarter last quarter and they couldn't come back just because Kathy kept buying. She has the curse, dude. Every time she buys, the market sells against her. Like every single ticker she buys, the market just sells against her, man. Then it come out that she's all based on religion. I mean, yeah. Kathy Wood is a Christian. So I mean, that's why it's named Arc. I think that's probably where she got a lot of her funds from, too.  But I mean, at the same time, yo, Kathy Wood, I mean, like, I don't know, man. Like, how old is Joe Biden? Are they the same age? Kathy Wood is 66. Oh, Joe Biden is 80. My bad. My bad. But I mean, she's pretty old, dude. Like, I don't know. I would love to see her use an iPhone and stuff. I would love to see her, like, do some stuff on the phone. I mean, like, investing in Kathy Wood, trusting in Kathy Wood is like trusting in, like, your grandmother to tell you what's the best ticker to invest, bro. Oh, that ending, yo. We're stop molested the market. Kathy Wood was hot when she was young, really.  So she, like, just by her smartness, like, that's an attractive skill by itself. Like, she probably adds, like, five points just for being smart, you know? I like how they're putting this on Wall Street Pits. But yeah, I think we're gonna end it here, guys. We're back here on Monday. Probably not gonna be around tomorrow. Gonna be a little busy. So we'll be back here on Monday. We'll take a look at some of the earnings. Maybe we'll do a later stream tomorrow night to go over the market and direction and what happened in the market. But we'll be back here on Monday to go over some more earnings next week and see how everything's going. Take care, guys. Thanks for stopping by and hanging out, and have a good night.


My name is Art Brown, Arthur Brown, and I was a ship-fitter second-class on the USS Enterprise CV-6. And I was on it for 28 months from Guadalcanal to Japan. I worked in damage control and firefighting. And I was also one of the deep sea divers aboard the ship. Yeah, they wanted to know what branch they wanted in the Marines, Navy or Air Force or whatever. I told them, I said, Buddy, I don't know how to dig a fox hole, but I know how to swim. So they put me in the Navy. I volunteered. I saw more ships down there, and I thought they'd be on the ocean out there. I mean, everywhere were these ships. But we was in it.  And out of 21 battle stars, the Enterprise got 20. I never got over those battles because I can't sleep. I've never told the boys. I never sleep one night all night long. I can't do it. I have to get up. I never told nobody. I just put up with it. But you don't forget it's there. He doesn't seek out the recognition. All he's got to do is just wear that CV-6 hat, and it comes to him. It's good to see him get the recognition now. I feel like it was a dignitary, and I never had this before. I feel honored to be on that ship, really. He wouldn't leave it. He's not a wealthy man, but he is very rich. Well, I figure I'm rich.


Now we're going to look at a little bit of a different way to calculate the work using something called the dot product. Well, you remember before, if we had a constant force, we described our work equation as the magnitude of the force times the magnitude of the displacement times the cosine of the angle in between them. So this equation used the magnitudes of those two vector quantities, force and displacement. And the directions come in using the angle. There's another way for us to think about this angle down here, the angle between the force and the displacement. If I think about this force and project it down onto the displacement, I have this projection down here. And this projection is f cosine theta, because it's the adjacent side of this triangle. So that means this f cosine theta could be thought of as the parallel component of the force to the displacement. In other words, what work really cares about is the parallel parts of the force and the displacement. So what if I start with my vectors in vector equation notation? So I've got things like, rather than giving the magnitude and direction, I've given the force in my x and y components with my i hat and j hat. And the same thing for my displacement. How am I going to find the parallel components of these two things without knowing what the angle is? Well, it turns out if we look at the x component of the force and the x component of the displacement, those two things are automatically parallel to each other because they're both in the x direction. Similarly, my f y and my delta y are parallel to each other. So if I multiply not the entire force by the entire displacement, but the components in the x and the components in the y, those two things are both parallel components. Now to get the full work, I have to include both of these. So I simply take those two numbers and add them together. So I've got the x force and x displacement multiplied plus the y force and the y displacement multiplied. Now this is called a dot product, and it's one of our vector math things we can do. So what I would write this then is that the work is the dot product between the force vector and the displacement vector. And notice here, I'm not using the magnitudes anymore. I'm using the vectors. And this isn't just multiplying two numbers. It's a vector multiplication that follows a very specific format. In this case, it's that thing where I take the x components and multiply them plus the y components and multiply them. So this dot product here for my work is exactly equivalent numerically to taking the magnitudes and multiplying them. But then I also have to multiply the angle in there. So if I'm given the angle, it's more convenient to use this form where I'm taking the cosine of the angle. But if I'm given everything in component form, it's much more convenient to use the dot product. In the end, though, regardless of which way you do this, you don't have two vectors anymore. You simply have a scalar. So sometimes this dot product is also called the scalar product. So let's do an example of that. So here's an example where I've got my force written out as a vector and my displacement written out as a vector. Well, first I want to take the x components, the 2 in the i-hat for my force and my 4 in the i-hat for my displacement. And that 2 newtons times 4 meters. And then my j, 3 newtons and minus 1 meters gives me my other part. When I multiply these, I've got then 8 newton meters for the contribution of the work in the x direction and minus 3 newton meters for my j direction. And putting those together, I then have 5 newton meters. So I don't have a vector anymore. I've just got a number. Now remember, we could also express that 5 newton meters as 5 joules because joule is equivalent to a newton meter. It's the other unit we can use for work. So there's an example of dot products and how we use them to find the work if we've got a constant force.


Governor Sam Oulu has ordered indefinite suspension of the general manager of the Lagos State Building Control Agency, Mr. Bolaun Okei. The suspension followed the collapse of a 21-storey building at Gerard Road, Ikui, on Monday.  Governor Sam Oulu, in the meantime, has set up an independent panel to probe the collapse of the 21-storey building. The panel comprises the Nigerian Institute of Architects, NIA, the Nigerian Institute of Town Planners, NITP, the Nigerian Society of Engineers, NSC, and other professional bodies.


Welcome to All Hands Update, I'm Petty Officer Ian Cotter. The Navy made changes to the Advancement Exam Final Multiple Score or FMS. The new formula rewards sustained superior performance and increases the role of the Command Triad in the advancement of sailors. The FMS is the weighted formula used to select sailors for advancement. Exam scores count for much of the FMS for advancement to E4 and E5. For E6 and E7, performance mark average or PMA becomes the largest factor. All pass not advanced or PNA points will carry over for five exam cycles and the maximum PNA points possible is 15. In 2017, PNA points will only be awarded to the top 25%. Service and pay grade only counts as 1% of the FMS for E4 through E6. The good conduct and reserve meritorious service medals no longer contribute to award points. Go to navy.mil for a complete list of changes.


Good morning and welcome to Vermont House Judiciary Committee. It is Thursday, March 26th. Yep. And we are hearing from Representative Lucy Rogers on a proposed amendment to H 183 so welcome. Thank you, Chair grad. My amendment changes an order to an and in the definition of sexual consent. So, as the bill currently reads, it says consent means words or actions by a person indicating a knowing or voluntary agreement to engage in a sexual act and changing consent to the and will require that in order for the definition of consent to have been reached the act must have been both knowing and voluntary instead of one or the other. So I think the confusion here arose because when a prosecutor is prosecuting cases of sexual consent. They're prosecuting to show that there was a lack of consent. And this is so they're prosecuting a lack of consent but we're defining consent. So in defining consent. It needs to be both knowing and voluntary in order for lack of consent to occur if it's either not knowing, or not voluntary. Either one of those will then allow it to not have met the definition of content consent which is both knowing and voluntary. So that is my amendment. Thank you. Committee members any, any questions. Okay, we do have to know what we're going to be hearing from some other witnesses. Yes. Yeah, absolutely I'm going to turn now to to the Attorney General's office I don't know if the state's attorneys are available or not but I believe they have been invited and then. And then we will hear from from victims advocates. David welcome. Good morning. Good morning, Committee David chair for the Attorney General's Office. The Attorney General's Office supports this amendment. The committee will recall a memo that we submitted along with States Attorney Ori Tebow, in which we did, in fact, recommend the or and I'll quote the last line of that recommendation. to elect between a sexual assault being committed by either a lack of a knowing agreement or a voluntary agreement, but requiring both could raise the current burden. We still believe that that is very important, that we should that it would raise the burden if we were required to prove both. We agree with Representative Rogers that upon further reflection thinking about how this is going to play out, thinking about the logical implications of this, it is actually the and that will prevent the raising of the burden. And for that reason, we support the amendment. We think that that enacts our intention correctly. And frankly, we apologize to the committee for not catching that earlier and want to give appreciation to Representative Rogers for catching that now. So for those reasons, we support the amendment. I also just got off the phone with States Attorney Tebow, who gave me permission to represent to this committee that he agrees with this amendment also. And he agrees with the way I just characterized the recommendation memo and the way in which it will be more properly enacted, its intention will be more properly enacted by this amendment. Thank you. Any questions for to Sarah Robinson Network? Good morning. Thank you for having me, Sarah Robinson, Deputy Director at the Vermont Network Against Domestic and Sexual Violence. Our position is that we support the amendment in front of you this morning. And similar to the Attorney General, we want to ensure that the language of the bill doesn't unintentionally create any additional burdens on survivors or on prosecutors seeking to bring sexual assault cases in Vermont. And given what we have heard from the Attorney General's office and the State Attorney's office, we believe that this change will accomplish this goal and in fact be helpful to prosecutors and ensure that survivors do not have an additional additional burden. And I do just want to say that since this change has kind of arisen near the end of the process, we're again very grateful to Representative Rogers for highlighting it and to the Attorney General's office and others for considering the impact in the courtrooms as these cases are being litigated. But we're also taking kind of the broader view and just look forward to continuing to monitor how all the pieces of language in this bill work together in concert as the bill continues to move forward and through the legislative process. So again, we support the amendment in front of you today and look forward to continuing to work on this bill through the legislative process. Thank you. Any questions for Sarah? Okay, so we do need to vote on this amendment. Celia and then Tom. So as you said, I was in discussion with Representative Rogers and Attorney Chair and also spoke with State Attorney Tebow last night and Legislative Council this morning. And I think just one thing I would add is that as State Attorney Tebow pointed out, in most jurisdictions that have adopted these standards, the language is knowing and voluntary. And in fact, that's why Michelle originally drafted things this way. And I think that's helpful in that, you know, this is some of this is new new languages for us in Vermont. And that makes it crystal clear that we can look at case law, federal case law and case law and other jurisdictions that have adopted the same legislation and hopefully, you know, gives us gives us a clear path as we interpret it here in Vermont. So I felt like that that was that that that definitely resonated with me as a no in favor of the MMM. Tom. Thank you, David. I wonder if you could just give a I need another explanation just to get a little better understanding of the difference between the or and the and I guess maybe a hypothetical on you know, if or was the language and how it would be different, maybe with the and in there, something like that? Sure, Representative, let me let me try to do that. And I'm having trouble finding the bill on my too many windows open here. But I think I can just say it here. So let's imagine that a so right now, the the as it as it is right now before this amendment, that the meaning of consent, which is defined in a positive manner, consent means that there is either I'm adding some words, but I think these words are not changing the meaning merely clarifying what this says. Consent means either knowing or voluntary agreement. A prosecutor is going to charge a case under a one of 32 52, which is the basic sex without consent version, the sort of most basic version of a sexual assault charge, which is also I believe the most standard version. So we want to be careful not to raise the burden on that. They're going to charge that they're going to have to say that there was an absence of consent in order to prove the charge. So so let's say that the prosecutor says, well, I can show that there was no knowing agreement. The defense attorney is going to say going to come back or could come back and say, okay, fine, there was no knowing agreement, not even going to bother arguing that. But I can show that there was voluntary agreement because consent means and that's important because consent means either knowing or voluntary. All I have to do is a defense attorney to show one or the other because of the way consent is currently defined. So then the defense attorney comes back and shows, look, I can show voluntariness charges done. I've defeated the charge. So what you've effectively done in order to prevent that from happening under the current language is that you have required that prosecutors in every case will have to plead and prove both knowing and voluntary in order to prevent a defense attorney from making that argument successfully. If you change it to an and, the defense attorney only has to show one or the other because now they're going to say absence of consent, I can show that this person had no knowing agreement. There was no knowing agreement here. Well then a defense attorney can't raise that argument because consent means both knowing and voluntary. So if a prosecutor can show that there is an absence of one of those two, now there's no consent because consent means both of them. Can you say that again? Let me try to say that again. So under the proposal, going forward, consent will mean that there has to be both knowingness and voluntariness in order for there to be an agreement that constitutes consent. A prosecutor then has to show an absence of consent in order to successfully prosecute the charge. And they will, under the proposal, they will only need to show one or the other of those two ways in which agreement may happen, like either knowingness or voluntariness. So let's say they pick, no I'm not saying pick, I'm saying let's say the evidence shows the absence of knowingness. A defense attorney cannot now come and say, well you may show an absence of knowingness, but I can come back and show an absence of voluntariness. Or the defense attorney doesn't even have to show that. They can basically just argue on a motion to dismiss that the case hasn't been been pled properly. Because now with the and, it means that in order for consent to exist, both things have to be present. And if only one of those two is not present, now you've properly pled the case and all you have to do is prove it. So the complexity here is that we define consent in a positive way saying consent means this and then the crime is defined in a negative way. The crime means the absence of consent. So that's where this becomes conceptually really difficult to sort of wrap your head around. It took me a few minutes to sort of fully assimilate what the implications of this are. But basically the and means that both have to be present for there to be consent, which means that a defense in the consequence of that is that it a prosecutor only has to plead and prove the absence of one of them. Because if one of them isn't there, then consent isn't there. Okay, great. Thank you. David, is this positive and negative dynamic that that you're referring to? Is that how other states statutes are drafted as well? I did discuss this with Rory and Michelle briefly. And yes, my understanding is for answers. Yes, this is the typical way to draft statutes like this. Any other questions? I guess I don't really have a question just a quick statement that I mean, the key to me is that further to actually really be consent. It has to be voluntary and it has to be knowing. And that is the bottom line. I mean, I think that that if you're missing one, then it wasn't consent. I think it kind of breaks down to that, that simple. Thanks. Slia, and not to complicate things further, but I think in the examples that David was using, I mean, it's a little tricky because I think knowing is especially in all of the other work we've done in these sections is now kind of intrinsically tied to voluntary. But you could have someone, but by the same token, so David used the example of where you could prove that it was voluntary, but not knowing. But I think the more likely scenario might be that you could be like, well, the person knew what was happening. You know what I mean, even though it wasn't it wasn't it was arguably not voluntary under other aspects of the statute. And that I think is what we're trying to I don't want to put words in representative Rogers mouth, but I think that that's the more likely scenario that we would be trying to avoid here. All right. Okay. I'd entertain a motion. I would move to find the motion favorable. All second. Just any more discussion? Okay, so why don't we do this by a show of hands. All those okay. And lower hands. All those. Okay, great. All those opposed. Okay. Great. Thank you. So Selena, you will report the vote for the committee. Yes. And I counted 803. Does that sound right? Yeah. Barbara. Barbara. Coach. Coach and Bob. Right. Okay. Okay. Great. Well, thank you. Thanks everybody for coming back and thank you Lucy. Yeah, thanks. Thanks to the committee for your time this morning as well. Yeah.