Okay, good evening everyone. I'll start the session in next three four minutes only nine people have joined So I'll wait for some more time Okay, let me start The people are not joining we cannot do anything. So today's topic primarily in the first half would be not first half first half an hour would be when diagrams so in if if We have a A question like this So suppose we have a question like this that in a class 25 people play Cricket and 35 people play hockey 10 play both of them if every student play at least One game what is the Strength of the class okay, I'm giving you some time to solve it even though I have not taught it Let me check how many of you know it already Okay, so a lot of you are giving me answer 50. I'll still wait a Lot of people have not joined try to understand I'm solving it with then diagram method and What do I mean by when diagram method? When diagram is nothing but combination of circles and I draw circle for all the variables here variables are first variable is cricket and Second variable I have is hockey So I draw two circles because I have only two sports two variables. So I draw two circles these circles are cricket and hockey So try to understand I can draw two circles separately. I Can draw two circles overlapping on each other. So something like this one blue and one Red something like this or I can draw two circles Intersecting with each other in when diagrams generally we draw circles intersecting with each other and then depending on the question we try to Find out whether it is overlapping or whether it is separated so this I am assuming to be cricket and This one I am assuming to be hockey now complete red circle is cricket and Complete blue circle is hockey, but there is one part over here, which is Part of both blue and red and this is what here It has been talked about that 10 people play both of them. So this area is 10 now out of cricket I have already this area represents 10 people and total 25 people are here. So this area would be 25 minus 10 That is equal to 15 and this complete blue is 35. So this area is 35 minus 10 that is equal to 25 So when I draw two intersecting circles, this is divided into two parts Let me show you once again here when I draw two Intersecting circles. I have three parts a bc b is common to both of them a is only Suppose this is x variable and y variable. So a is only x b is only y and C is Both x and y so to find out Only x what I do is if x has been given completely I do x minus b would be only x and Y minus b would be equal to only x is what a and y minus b would be equal to only Y so This is C. So that is what I have been doing here 25 minus 10 is equal to 15 which is only cricket and 35 minus 10 is equal to 25 which is only hockey So, how do I get answer? How many total only cricket is 15? Both cricket and hockey is 10 and only hockey is 25 if I add all of them I get 50. So that's my answer So now try to understand if I take three variables. What happens? So three variables are suppose This is x This is why and this is z So suppose this area. I'm assuming a this is b. This is C. This is D This is E. This is F. This is Z. So a is Only x C is only y D is only Z Then B is X and Y but not Z C E is Y and Z but no X F is X and Z but no Y and Z is all X Y and Z So this is how you identify different areas. So depending on this particular concept I'm giving you one question. Please solve that question Try to understand first question a lot of you are giving me answer E Study the following figure carefully and answer the question given below the rectangle represents. This is a rectangle which represents Artists so this is artist rectangle and The circle represents Players and the triangle represent doctors. How many artists are neither player nor doctors so try to understand how many artists are Neither player nor doctors it means that Player is what try to understand player is Circle and doctor is triangle so it means number which is part of Rectangle but not of Either circle Triangle so look at here In rectangle I have four numbers 30 20 to 3 and 8 So only 30 is the number which is neither part of circle nor part of triangle It means that how many artists are neither player nor doctor the answer should have been 30 Hence the answer here would be none of these so answer here is none of these Okay, let me go to another question Okay, let me reduce it a little bit What I'm doing is this may not be clear. So what I'm doing is I'm sharing this file with you on The group the file has been shared with you on the WhatsApp group. You can refer the question from there The file has been shared on WhatsApp group. You can refer the question from there Are you make this question in your copy and then answer the questions? Now I'm asking answer for only question number two. So give answer only for question number two So second question is how many doctors are neither players nor artists It means that part of triangle which is not included in rectangle and circle So in triangle I have four numbers 27 8 3 and 4 only 27 is that number which is not part of rectangle and circle. So answer here would be 20 Answer here would be 27. So answer is what? 27 now third question is what third question is How many doctors are both players and artists? It means that I have to find out Which is common to all three of them common to all three of them if you look at here The answer is three. So a option is there question number four. How many artists are players? It means that I am asking for artists who are players. So artists who are player art 22 plus 20 22 plus 3 25 so for question number four answer would be C 25 You may ask how artist and player? These this three which is here is also part of artist and player. I have to find out how many of How many question number four how many artists are player you see here between artists and player 22 are common But this these three artists and player who are doctors their artists and player also That's why I'm adding 22 plus 3 and answer is 25 Now solve these questions For answer is C not D I'll solve first question for you in question below equations have become wrong due to wrong ordering of science Choose the correct order of sign From the five alternatives given under each question so that equation becomes right right in your answer sheet against corresponding Question number so try to understand this kind of question I simply prefer changing it Like for that matter. I will put first option so equal to 2 minus 7 plus 10 so how much is this 5 is equal to minus 5 plus 10 So 5 is equal to 5. I got this answer first answer is a so just change it likewise and and and solve it there is no other Rocket science involved in this kind of questions Question number six and seven just solve it question number six So what I can do in question number six is I? divide 14 by 7 is equal to 7 minus 9 this gives me 2 and this gives me minus 2 so option a is not answer 14 divided by 7 plus 7 Equal to 9 so by bottom as I will first do division so 14 by 7 is 2 and 2 plus 7 is 9 and which is equal to this line so option B is my answer So in question number 7 option B is my answer Question number sorry. I didn't solve question number 6. Let me solve question number 6 for you to Equal to 1 plus 2 divided by 2 this looks correct to me because this is 2 1 2 divided by 2 is 2 so question number 6 is a question number 7 is B So these two questions we have solved Let me move to other questions Solve question number 8 and 9 Okay, so a lot of you are saying the 8 is C. Let me directly check C So 20 divided by 5 is equal to 13 minus 9 that is correct. This is for this is for the C is the option D. It would be 7 let me check option a for for 9 so 7 is equal to 2 plus 6 into 20 that is the incorrect a is not answer 7 into 2 is equal to 6 into 20 is not at all an answer. So B is not an answer 7 into 2 Is equal to 6 plus 20. This is also not an option 7 into 2 plus 6 is equal to 20 is option so option D is an answer here So for question number 9 these are option Okay, let me move to another questions Question 10 question 11 Okay question number I am getting question for 10 11 12 all Question number 10 E is simple because you divide here and you subtract here both the side you get one Question number 10 is E Question number 11 Question number 11 is what do I need I need? Okay, so 8 divided by 4 would be 2 and minus 8 plus 10 would be 2 so divided by equal to and Do I have it divided by Equal to and plus is not there. So that is not coming. So 8 divided by oh And and and negative can be converted to plus. So a is answer here So this is 2 plus 8 is 10 so option a is answer here And then in option This is okay very easy 6 into 3 into 6 into 3 plus 2 so it would be into plus an equal to So 12 option is also a so These are the answers for question number these are the answer for question number 10 11 and 12 Let's do it for 13 14 Okay, 13 14 15. I am getting the answer so question number 13 is I know that this should be divided and this should be plus so division plus and equal to this this should be the Sign 9 divided by 3 is 3 and 3 plus 10 is 13. So B is answer 11 11 minus 1 is equal to 11 minus 1 is equal to 5 into 2 So this is B option now. This is what So this is very clear 4 plus 8 is equal to 21 minus 9 option a is answer So these are the answers Solve 16 17 18 Okay, a lot of people have started giving answer. Let me solve so question number 16 Question number 16, I know 7 plus 2 is equal to 8 plus 1 Do I have something plus equal to plus? I don't have anything like this So I'll have to search for any other this thing. So 7 plus 2 minus 8 is Equal to 1 so 16 a is answer. So there is No doubt about it question number 17 Question number 17 is 5 into 4 is 20 equal to 1 minus 1 a is not answer 5 plus 4 is 9 into 1 is equal to 1 not answer 5 minus 4 is Equal to 1 into 1 17 C is answer So I write 5 minus 4 is equal to 1 into 1. So 1 is equal to 1 question number 18 2 is equal to 6 plus 4 plus 4 a is not an option Who is equal to 6 minus 4 plus 4 is not an option. So B is not an option 2 plus 6 Plus 4 is equal to 4. This is also not an option D is 2 is equal to 6 plus 4 Minus 4. This is also not an option So ABCD are not option E has to be an option because there is no none of these so Let me remove this and then let me go to option E It tells me that option E is 2 plus 6 is equal to 4 plus 4 This is an answer So 19 and 20 Okay, so 19 and 20 I've got many answers. Let me check it for you. So question number 19 Let me check first option So 9 plus 7 is equal to 10 minus 6 is not an answer 9 plus 7 is 16 10 minus 6 is 4 9 into 7 is 63. So this can never be answered 10 minus 6 is 4 9 into 7 minus 10. So that becomes 53 is not equal to 6. That is not an answer 9 plus 7 is 16 Minus 10 is equal to 6. So that is an answer. So 9 plus 7 minus 10 is equal to 6 option D is an answer Let me go to question number 20 question number 20 tells me that 3 plus 3 I I think it should be 3 plus 3 3 into 3 minus 3 So into minus equal to 20 C has to be answered. So this is 20 C Is there any more question left out here? How many questions I have last two questions 21 and 22 21 is 8 It should be 8 by 2 plus 7. So 8 by 2 plus 7 so 21 B should be answer why because 8 by 2 is 4 and 4 plus 7 is equal to 11. So Evasion plus equal to is 21 B and 21 C should be 1 is equal to 7 minus 3 into 2 is wrong 22 A 1 is equal to 7 minus 3 into 2 So 22 A is wrong why everyone is giving 22 a answer 1 is equal to 7 minus 3 into 2 4 into 2 is 8 that is not equal to 8. Am I doing something wrong? Let me check 22 B 1 into 7 minus 3 is equal to 2. No, that is wrong I'm not applying Bodama's there. I'm sorry So 1 is equal to 7 minus 3 into 2 7 minus 6 is 1. Okay 22 age answer my fault my bad 22 age answer. Okay. I got it. Okay. So now Let's move to syllogism So in syllogism what happens is So What happens is what I'm going to teach is so if if I Talk about What it actually is this is actually statement conclusion using logic and Venn diagrams So what happened happens here is That I have few statements given in front of me and From those statements, I try to find some kind of conclusion for an example. This can be Understood by Few examples something like this Let me take one example So my statement first statement is No air is solid and statement two is Some solids are liquids. I have Answers answer statements and I have to find which statement is correct So what I do is my answer statement is like this. No liquid is air and some airs are Definitely not Definitely liquids So these are my problem statements And these are my answer statements. You have to find out your answer is or your options are Only one is correct Option a option D is To is correct option C is both One and two correct An option D is None of them are correct. So how do you solve these kind of question? So try to understand no liquid is air So look at here no liquid is air means let me draw Venn diagrams for you This is air and if no liquid is air it means that Liquid has to be separated from air. There is no touch between liquid and air some air are Definitely not liquids. It means that some air are definitely not liquids So try to understand. Oh, I'm reading only answer statement Some solids are liquids. So let me make solids and some solids are liquid means there is some interaction between them a Portion of solids would not be liquid a portion of liquids would not be solid So these are the three Venn diagrams for three different Variables which are air liquid and solid now. Let me go to answer a statement. No liquid is air. No liquid is air is definitely correct There is there is a No clear cut touch between them Second statement is some airs are definitely not liquids So it means that if some airs are that no air is liquid some air would definitely be not liquid So this is this also follows so option C both one and two follow in this case Let me define another question for you Problem statements are statement one All gems are diamonds all gems are diamonds Problem statement two is all gems are rocks. Sorry all diamonds are rocks and Answer statement is or you can say conclusion statement is at least Faster statement at least Some rocks are gems and option B is all gems are rocks Again, your option is a correct be correct both correct Both correct and both wrong So, how do you solve this question? Let me draw Venn diagrams for you all gems are diamonds So all gems are diamonds It means that first I have to draw Diamonds so this is diamonds and All gems are diamonds means gem gems will come inside the diamonds. So these are gems Now what has been told all diamonds are rocks so I will draw a third circle from here and This third circle is for rocks So now let me go to the problem statement at least some rocks are gems Obviously some rocks are gems because gems are coming inside the rock rocks all diamonds are rocks Yes diamond circle is inside the rock circle. So what is the answer both a and b are correct So likewise you can solve questions like this try one or two question We will solve another questions and then you will understand it. So solve try to solve first question read the Question and then try to answer Is screen or all of you? I don't think screen is not clear because people are getting the answers I'm getting a lot of answers for question number a let me make it some leaders are wheels and All wheels are bricks All wheels are bricks wins. Okay. Let me draw it with different color so Something like this All wheels are bricks So these are bricks and these are wheels and I have Third option some gears are wheels So I will draw like this These are gears No break is gear is wrong At least some gears are breaks. Yes, there is an this is break and this is gear there is a Interaction here. So at least some gears are break is the logical conclusion that follows from here. So Let me go to question Be no month is a year. So this is month and this is fear and no year is second. So again third One second all three So all months are second known cannot be told. So no month. No second is month. Yes, this can be told So logical conclusion is B so Second one is B Let's go to third and fourth Okay, question three. I'm getting a lot of answers Question four. I'm getting a lot of answers. So let me just Go to question number three No plane is hill no plane is hill means this is plain and this is hill I have Some hills are towns. So this is town Conclusion no town is plain is correct. So this is correct Some towns are planes try to understand This is plain this is hill this is town Some towns are plain. Is it possible? If it is possible in this case, this is plain this is town and this is hill So town is both some part of town is hill and some part of town is plain So in this scenario, this is possible. So answer would be both a and b follows Now all metals are liquids and all liquids are gases So all metals are liquid. So this is metal and then let me draw Liquid and all liquids are gases. So let me draw gases So this one is gas This one is liquid and the inner one is metal So what should follow? So all metals are gases. So all metals are gases is correct. At least some gases are liquid Yes, at least some gases are liquid. So B is also correct. So if a and b is correct There is one option for both that both a and b follow Also the option would be D. So This is the answer Okay, you guys are asking in month and second question. Why did I could have applied that logic perhaps That I missed that logic. So it doesn't mean that cannot be if if the month and second question I remember Try to understand The month and second question was this was month No month is year And why I didn't apply in month and year question It was no month is year And no year is Second this was the question So it try to understand this is month. This is year and this is second. There cannot be any Overlapping or there cannot be any intersection of any three of them here. The question is different The first one is complete negative. The second one is some hills are town That's why I'm assuming interaction in these cases and that's why answer is different here So in in case of month and year you cannot write like this that this is month This is second and this is year All three has to be different. That is why I I Because the language of the question was different. That's why I Made all three circles different Here the language of the second statement is Here the language of the second statement is Something else that's why I'm assuming it why third A cannot be this thing Try to understand no plain is hill. So this is plain And this is hill Now some hills are town. There can be two conditions hills and town like this or plane town and hill There is an interaction here. So plain town and hill So no town is plain So no town is plain is conclusion from here And some towns are plain is conclusion for from here So both of them can follow in first condition This case is is following in second condition. This case is following. That is why I'm taking option D How can month and second can coincide no no month is here and no year is second So you can you you you you can draw like this Okay one this case. I'm leaving perhaps one second one second Even if some towns are plain is not given you can assume it to be in this condition So there are two cases which to be formed. This is plain And this is hill and this is town this is first case And the second case is plain town and hill. So this is second case So that's why both of them will follow Okay month and year question. We will we will I I look at it at the last solve question number five Some cities are town cities And this is town Now some villages are cities Can be in in in it can be two conditions This condition can be try to understand this condition can be So I can draw villages here So at least or I can I I can I can draw something like this So this is first condition And This is second condition Answer would be d From first condition. This is the answer from second condition. This is the answer At least some villages are town can be proved here. No villages are town can be proved here. So this is the answer Question number six. No, it's same as the other question answer would be d both a and d followed Let me solve question number seven question number seven is Well, let me check how many of you have done question number Well, a lot of you have given me answer of question number seven Question number seven is Something like this some kites are birds So these are kites And these are birds No kite is an aeroplane now aeroplane can be a Anywhere so I can aeroplane can be here This can be aeroplane or this can be aeroplane So you cannot say that all aeroplanes are birds. This is wrong Some birds are definitely not kites R is is definitely true Because only some kites are birds. Otherwise it could have been written all kites kites are bird or all birds are kites So this is definitely true. So answer only is b here question number eight and nine okay Solve it quickly Question number nine. I'm getting a lot of answers Question number eight. I have been getting a lot of answers. Okay. Let me solve question number eight and nine for you so Question number eight is all metals are plastics All metals are plastics. So set is I'm sorry Set is plastic metals are subsets So this is metal M And this is plastic this is metal And this is plastic And all plastics are fibers so All plastics are Fibers so this is fiber Now at least some fibers are metals Is correct Some metals are not fibers are not correct because metal circle of metal is inside the fiber So metal all the metal has to be fiber. So Second one is not correct. So option is a over here for question number nine. All roads are streets So this is road Then I have street And if no street is highway, then I need to make highway separately from street So this would be highway and as road is completely inside street There cannot be any combination of road and highway because Road is completely inside the street and street and highway don't have any combination So when set does not have any combination with any other set subset cannot have any combination with any other set So all streets are roads Is wrong because only some part of street is road No highway is a road is correct So eight is a and nine is a that is the answer Nine d those who are giving all streets are not roads Road is a subset of street So a portion of street is outside the circle of road that is not part of road So that is why nine d is not answer nine a is answer Okay question number 10 and 11. I'm getting answers. I'll wait a lot of people have not given answer I'll wait Okay question number 10. I am solving now some animals are plants So animal And then I have plant so animal And plants All plants are rocks So now try to understand all plants are are rocks can have Different condition All plants are rocks can be like this. This can be rock or It can be like this also this can also be rock where both the circles are insides The different scenarios are there So Answer would be all plants are animal is is is definitely wrong Some animals are plant all plants cannot be at least some rocks are animal is definitely correct So hence answer is b Let me go to question number 11. Some highways are roads same question highways and roads And some roads are streets So it can be something like this So all highway being streets is a possibility definitely This is the condition in which all highways would be streets So that is why I'm not I'm drawing it either this would be street or this would be street So option a is definitely correct Some streets are not highways Always in this condition when you draw a street like this Some streets would not be highways. So both a and b will follow. So this is this is the answer So 11 d is the answer Okay, let me just Go to another question question 12 and 13 three ones Okay, 12 answer I have got almost Okay question number 13 answer is coming out to be b for a lot of you b also a few of you And question number 12 most of you are giving option c few of you are giving option a Let me check. What is the correct answer and I will discuss it with you. So question number 12 No train is no cloud is rain something like this No cloud is rain. So this is cloud And this is rain Now some rains are thunders One condition can be this That some rains are thunders or second condition can be this That this is thunder So I'm keeping it one two. There are two conditions if you are taking condition two condition one should be avoided If you are taking condition one condition two should be avoided while taking the answer board should be taken together No thunder is cloud in in second condition. No thunder is cloud is possible once again, uh No thunder once again some rains are thunder No cloud is No cloud is rain All thunders can all thunders can never be rain So Can all thunders be rain? So this does not follow definitely So this is this does not follow all thunders can be rain. You put thunders over here all thunders Uh can be rain in that condition try to understand some rains are thunders Can be written it means that rain is a set and thunder can be subset pure subset or So it can be like this I can write some rain or are thunders like this. This is rain And this is thunder. So some rains are thunders Or I can write like this. This is rain and this is thunder So option b definitely follows No thunder is cloud It it it it definitely does not follow So this does not follow And this does not follow so option is c 12 c is option and Let me go to question number 13 Some colors are paints Some colors are paints Some colors are paints color paint And some colors are crayons So I'm writing colors. So some colors are crayons crayons can be something like this So this can be crayon or this can be crayon So there are two conditions So out of these two conditions all crayons are paints. This is Absolutely wrong. At least some paints are color. This is correct. So option 13 option is b Sorry question 13 option is b So let me go to let me check. Is there some noise on So that is why some clouds can be thunder in second case So no thunder is cloud does not follow. That is why I'm saying neither a or b follows Both a and b is is is wrong answer Question number 14 and 15 It is why are you writing answers two times three times? 14 answer people are giving d 15. They are giving c Okay, let me discuss it for you. Let me check how many questions are there There are a lot of questions are there good After this I'll solve This Okay, we have a lot of time 14 15 we are we are solving now We'll finish off the sheet today What's the answer? You are giving me an answer of Which question we are solving question number 14 we are solving All villages are districts Okay, the districts So let me draw it for you village And all villages are districts. So this is districts So this is b. This is b Now some districts are countries some districts are countries can be like this It can be either like this Or it can be like this in overlap with both of them So this is condition one. This is condition two At least some countries are districts So at least some countries are districts is definitely correct At least some districts are villages is also definitely correct. So answer would be d here Question number 15 So question number 15 is Some dogs are cats So something like this dog Cat and no cat is mouse Now no cat is Mouse can be like this. So mouse can be somewhere like this Or mouse can be somewhere like this m1 m2 No mouse's dog is wrong in this condition mouse is dog All cats are dogs is anyway wrong. So option is c 15 answer is c Solve question number. Now, let's go to these questions Solve we'll solve these four questions and then we will come back to those type of questions Solve question 22 Time and again. I have been doing the same thing. All men are mortal It means that men is sorry male is Main is subset and mortal is set So this is men And this is mortal So option d is answer here Solve question 23 and 24 Okay question number 23. I'm getting which answer b answer 24 a lot of people are giving me d answer So all apples are red All apples are red means option b is your answer And no politician is honest So no politician is honest wins Honest and politicians should not be any So option d is correct Should not be any overlap between politician and honest question number 25 25 some boys are intelligent This is the answer option a boys and intelligent When diagram two circles should have overlap over here. So option a is your answer So Let me again move back to Which question we have solved till question number 15 So solve question 16 and 17 Okay, I'm getting 16 answers. Why are you giving two answers always 16 a or b is something like this Okay, so this question number 16 is very clear cut And what is it all well volcanoes are So this is well all volcanoes are craters So these are volcanoes And these are craters Now no crater is a mountain So try to understand when set does not have relationship with other set The subset volcano will not have any relationship with mountain So some volcanoes are mountains is definitely wrong No mountain is a volcano is definitely right.  So all circles are balls. We have done this kind of question There would be two cases.  So we are not drawing that Some lines are circle means this is line This is circle And this is ball.  Yes in this In this third case in the in this case b2 you look at here This is the region which is neither line not circles. So this region. I'm talking about here Let me mark it red this region Whatever element is present here is neither line nor circle. So b is also correct. So here answer is d So I hope you understood this So 17 d is answer not 17 b Question number 18 and 19 Question number 18 and 19. What is the answer? 18 answer is all kind of answers. I'm getting A I'm getting I'm getting b. I'm getting b. I'm getting c Good In 19 also I'm getting 19 variations are less c is there b is there D So if you are saying c if you are saying d, okay, no issues So 18 18. Let me make all cases. All cats are dogs All cats are dogs. So Cats dogs Cats dogs And all cats are dogs means And some dogs are elephants. So elephant can be here Elephant can be here Now all elephant being cat is a possibility. Is it a pulse possibility? So try to understand some dogs are elephants So it's something like this So Let me go from this statement. Some dogs are elephants. So I can assume this to be dog And some dogs are elephant. I can assume this to be elephant And all cats are dogs all cats are Dogs can be like this. So I can I can draw a circle like this also No one second. I am doing wrong thing here This will not be all cats are dog. Let me draw once again Uh All cats are dog I read it in my mind as some cats are dog. I perhaps told it also So all cats are dogs are like this. That's why I made that circle. This is Cat and this is dog So this one is cat And this one is dog And some dogs are element elephant some dogs are elephant has different connotations one can be like this So this is also say that some dogs are elephant Some dogs are elephant means if I Draw a line here of element or circle here of element elephant So this would be elephant. I can draw elephant here also. This is the third case So elephant can be here also elephant can be here also one two three cases I have drawn So all elephants being cat is a possibility Is is is correct all elephant can never be dogs. This is wrong. I have I've drawn this this second case All elephants are dog first case also all elephants are dog. So 18 a is my answer Question number 19. No post is a male So no post is a male means Post can be drawn here and male can be drawn here So this is post And this is male All males are late letters So all males are letters means Something like this So these are letters Some posts are offices So some posts are offices means it can be like this there can be different cases now So Look at here It can be like this some posts are offices Or it can be like this Or it can be third case where all three of them can be included So some officers are letters One second. Am I doing something wrong? So No post is male So I have drawn no post is male And all males are letters all males are letters Now some posts are offices If I draw something like this Correlation So some officers are posts and some officers are Some letters Question number 19 No letter is a post is right No letter is a post Is right And some officers are letter answer is d Question number 19 So let me check what answer you guys have been giving answer is d answer d is correct Now let me take Question 20 and 20 on last two questions uh Question 20 and 21 Yes, it is the chip is d Question number 20 and 21 last two questions quickly Okay, I'm getting a lot of answers now. Let me finish it off quickly Question number 20 all numbers are digits So this is my number This is my digit some digits are letters So some digits are letters So something like this letters And all letters are alphabets. So something like this. This is alphabets Now what does follow All numbers some digits are letters. So all numbers are alphabets This cannot follow because alphabet has to be then then involved in d and and that it that will contradict This statement at least some alphabets are digits is definitely correct So option d follows question number 21. All plastics are all metals are plastics. So these are metals And these are plastics All plastics are clothes This is like this. So this is clothes And all clothes are threads So these are threads So all metals are threads correct All plastics are threads correct. So option d follows here both a and b follows So this is it for today. I hope you understood this Syllism try to Do these things at home If you're not getting it get in touch with me within this week so that I can clarify your doubts and then We can take This essence forward So, thank you so much for joining all And let's see you next week Please keep on solving There is no assumption here bed. I depends on what statement has been given You can't assume it you have to Statements have have been given assumption is not possible over here. Is it okay? Okay, thank you so much. Thank you. Bye. Bye


What is the truth about Nova Scotia and where the Vikings the first to bring Scots to Canada? Nova Scotia, meaning New Scotland in Latin, was one of the four original provinces of the Dominion of Canada in 1867, along with New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec. The French established a fur trading port at Port Royale in 1605. Early explorers gave this area the name Acadia, probably a corruption of a native word from the indigenous people of the land, the MiGma people. The present day name Nova Scotia is the result of very brief Scottish claims over the area around the 1620s. Britain and France fought over this territory until Britain eventually gained the upper hand. Subsequently, in order to strengthen their position in this area, the British moved foreign protestants from the likes of France and Germany into Nova Scotia modern day Nova Scotia and deported French-speaking Acadians en masse. During the American Revolutionary War from 1775 to 1783, numerous loyalists of the British crown moved into Nova Scotia and newly strengthened the British position there. Waves of Scottish and Scottish Irish people moved into Canada over the centuries as well, according to a 2016 census in Canada. The number of Canadians claiming full or partial Scottish descent was around 4.8 million, or just under 14% of the nation's total population. There are numerous nods to Scotland in Nova Scotia today, such as the Clyde River, the municipality of Argyll, Inverness Beach and New Glasgow to name a few. As well as explorers and imperialists, many normal Scots moved to Canada and Nova Scotia in search of a better life. Many moved after the Highland Clearances, where many Scots were forced from the land and didn't really have any prospects in Scotland itself. Many people also moved, Scotch-Irish people moved from Ulster, particularly after the Great Hunger in the 19th century. Centuries before all this however, the Vikings brought two Scottish slaves on one of their voyages to Vinland, the eastern coast of North America, and these two Scots potentially explored Nova Scotia itself, which is pretty mad to think. The story is told in the Vinland sagas, ancient sagas from around the 13th century, and it details how two Scots, Hackey and Hickja accompanied Thorfinn, Carol Sefney, an explorer on one of his voyages to Vinland. So the story goes that the Vikings sailed the length of the Fear Distrandor, this bit on Nova Scotia, essentially modern day Nova Scotia, and the Scots were told to jump out and explore the land south and return within three days. So it's likely that the Scots actually did explore Nova Scotia, what we call Nova Scotia today, if these sagas are true, which is really interesting to think. But what did the Scots find in this mysterious land? To find out, please click here. Thanks for watching, please subscribe and hit the bell, and I'll see you next time.


Hello friends welcome back to my channel and welcome back to the second episode of Wrapped Up Retro. Wrapped Up is a Christmas series I always do on my channel and this year Wrapped Up Retro I have wrapped up the 50 oldest books on my TBR. And I'm kind of regretting it but I'm also excited. I feel very excited to finish the books and read the books that have been on my TBR for a long time. There's a deep sense of satisfaction about finishing a book and reading a book that you have owned for a very long time. So it's our second episode. First episode I won't spoil anything if you haven't seen it yet go check it out but it wasn't the most successful. What's that got there? And it's time to pick what we're going to be reading today. I don't know what you guys are. I'm not feeling a super long book once again. Okay it's between two. Let me grab them. I feel like it's always between two for me. This one's heavier. This is like a cloth bound one maybe. Interesting. That means it's a classic. No one's reading that book. That does scare me off a bit a bit. No okay. I don't think I'm ready for that. I'm gonna do this one. I'm gonna do this one. Okay are we ready? I'm not. Let's have a look. Let's see what it is. Am I really doing... I've started unwrapping it. I don't have a choice in the matter. Okay I'm not looking. You can maybe see what it is. That might be the back. I don't know or it might be the front. Oh you're having a giggle. Was this in the books I need to read or unhaul video as well? Am I just reading books from that video? No way. What's it? I can't remember. I think it was. The first book was in that video as well. Okay we've got The Wife Between Us by Graham Hendricks and Sarah Pecklin which truly is one of the oldest books in my TBR. This is one of the few books in this stack that were on my TBR when I started my channel because I started my channel in like September of 2019 and I think some of these books go up to like 2021 in terms of the oldest books on my TBR. But this is really one of the oldest and I still remember where I bought it. I bought it in this charity shop at this like Stately Home that I used to really like going to and it was in this era where I just picked up anything and everything. It's the life of a day for I.  I truly like I did not know what my taste was and so I think I'd heard someone I'd just started watching Booktube and I'd heard someone review this and so I just recognized it and so I got it. I read The Golden Couple by Graham Hendricks and Sarah Pecklin last year.  A classic is better than this. I do not have the highest hopes for this but there is gonna be such a sense of satisfaction for finishing this because this is kind of the book when I think of like the books that I own when I started my channel. There's a few more here but this is one of the ones I really think of and really think of in how my reading taste has changed or how I've learned what my reading taste is. So I think it'll be interesting to read a book that I picked up when I didn't really know what my reading taste was yet. I'm excited to give it a go so I'll see you when I'm a little bit of a waste to it but I'm not... I haven't got the highest hopes in the world. Let's just say that. Hello friends it looks like it's night time. It's midday. It's the middle of the day. It has just gotten so dark and rainy and stormy outside. It's kind of a vibe though. I do love reading when it's all rainy and I'm inside and like cozy. I am about 100 pages into The Wife Between Us by Graham Hendricks and Sarah Pecklin. Guys I'm actually shocked by how much I'm enjoying this. Now it's not gonna be five star. It's not gonna be any favorite book. It might not even get a four star but my expectations are quite low and I'm just having a lot of fun reading this. I wasn't expecting that at all. So basically all you need to know about this is we're following the perspectives of two women the ex-wife and the new wife or new soon-to-be wife of this man but he's like we don't care about him. We care more about these women and their stories.  And I just think I can see why this was so big when it came out in what like 2018. God that's like five years ago. God Jesus Christ. Don't even talk to me. I started uni in 2018. I'm getting older. I don't know if I can if I want all this drama all the time if I'm being honest. I'm listening to audiobook. This is actually my first audiobook through Boroughbox, my library. I'm a library girl. I'm not very good at like checking ahead of time. I've done that for some books. I've got a read in like January February and like reserve them now like new releases that I will probably get the audiobook for in January. But this one because like it's old, no one, no one has reserved it so I got it straight away. And yeah the audiobook, I'm enjoying it. I think there's something compelling about how the story is being told and how the two perspectives you're kind of obviously it's got that dual timeline kind of issue of a following two separate stories but they're converging enough to keep me interested. You know it's not incredible but I can see why it was so successful. Like it's got over 300,000 ratings on Goodreads. I can see why it's so widely read. I can see why it had a bit of a moment. You know domestic thrillers are never gonna be my kind of thing but this is less about the man and more about the women. Women. I just don't like domestic thrillers where the husband is like he takes up too much screen time. Do you know what I mean? I'm like get out of here. And yes they're talking about him and they're he's interacting with them in their perspectives but like he's we can ignore him if we really if we really want to and I do really want to. I also feel like it's gonna get twisty. I feel like there's gonna be a twist maybe at the halfway mark that really turns the book on its head and I'm excited to see what it is. I'm not I mean if you guys have been here a long time you know when I read mystery thrillers I really do not try to theorize. I don't want to know. I don't want to know. I want you to shock me. I put myself into the palms of the earth and I just say shock me. Strange sound from somewhere in my house. I'm sorry if that's annoying.  You know it's bad. If I say oh I saw it come in. So I can't really theorize. I got some like hints but I can't really theorize what the twist is gonna be and I'm really excited to see because there is gonna be a twist. It has to be. I'm like we've reached a point now 110 pages in where like it's needing something else to move the story along but I'm really excited to see what twist is gonna be. I'm like I'm saying it's probably like a 3.5 at the moment. I'm enjoying it. It's inoffensive.  It's requiring no headspace and that's kind of what I need today. I was saying to my patrons I uploaded my Goodreads vlog no the day before yesterday Sunday night and I was saying to them I felt like yesterday where how I'd feel mentally after I finished exams where like my brain would just be trying to decompress and be like incapable of doing anything and like you're you've been thinking about something for so long you know I've been thinking about like Goodreads Choice Awards mystery show for like basically the whole year in some capacity like thinking about what is gonna be nominated and when when it has been nominated think about what I'm reading like for the past month it's been you know really at the forefront of my brain and like when you lose that it's a bit disconcerting. Your brain's like uh what now what's going on. So yesterday I was supposed to film a video to go up on Tuesday and I just I've never admitted defeat guys I've never gotten ready to film a video set up the camera started filming I got like a minute in I couldn't do it words were not coming out of my mouth I couldn't talk to you I never have issues talking like I just turn up and chat shit you know I mean I could not I could not for the life of me do it so I feel like this is kind of what I need right now where it's light fun but I do I saved something to open you guys I'm very excited to open I got this parcel I think it's from Viper Books I can't remember they asked me I cannot remember what the book is so we're gonna find out together I did agree this is not your answers did Viper Books publish the Janice Hallett books I'm very I'm very excited to see what this is and like it's a little it's a little Christmas present isn't she so cute and let's see what's in here what in the heck oh my goodness oh my god this is loads of stuff oh my goodness oh my goodness it's like a hard but what so I think this is like a food themed a food themed book because we've got a little menu here that it comes with oh telling us what to have and then this is the book oh my god it's like a hard part back it's like the finished version my goodness I wasn't expecting that oh my gosh helly and death a snowstorm a country house old friends are united it's going to be murder shut up oh my god guys shut up there's a fucking fought floor plan oh my god that's what we've been waiting for it's what we wanted all along snowed in oh oh my gosh this is so exciting there's a little envelope with my name on it with a seal it's got like a letter from the author with like a train ticket what is going on this is fun okay because it's like we're guests at the at the dinner wow okay Janice Hallett says a glorious feat that intrigues the present defeats wow i'm very excited for this so this comes out in 2024 how exciting my goodness one exciting gift okay wow compared to a christie scandy cozy oh scandy how exciting okay thank you so much for sending me that that is so exciting now once this rain has let up this option we are going to get our Christmas tree and decorate it so i'll take you along with me for that but i am going to go keep trying to make progress in the life between us because i think i could finish this today i'm really really enjoying it so i'm just gonna go ahead and keep reading it and i'll let you know what i think kind of a little bit of the way is through every christmas baby every christmas because maybe by next christmas me and tom will hopefully have our own place and i feel like this i mean this is all my doing the color scheme the kind of gold royals gold bronzy color scheme we went to the garden center and i really like the look of all the kind of red like vintagey red baubles so maybe i'll have a new color scheme true next year but then you go make it timeless you can't chase trends anyways christmas tree organization is very serious still to me seriously i've got big plans for this place and i'm not gonna stop yeah till i get there but i am now on page 224 of the life between us so i've gotten a really good chunk of the way through it i was right there was a big reveal at like the halfway mark the 150 page mark and it's not a bad reveal i was like okay you know yeah okay but here's the stitch when a book comes out like this that is pretty popular it's gonna this is gonna spawn a lot of inspirations right and then what i think has happened oh my god meiko just made the cutest face he's sitting pressed up against the radio over there i'm obsessed with you okay what i was saying was this book came out in 2018 it will spawn a lot of inspirations i have then read a lot of thrillers me personally published 2020 2021 2022 2023 right and so i've read this twist happen a lot now i don't know if this was a progenitor oh my god vocabulary i'm a massive fan of the dictionary i don't know if this was an originator of this twist or if it had been done many times but i do think sometimes when you read an older thriller that has then become very popular but you've read a lot of things that have been inspired by it it doesn't hit the same as it would have done at that time now here's the thing i think it's a fairly common twist however i can think of some books that i have read that seem a little bit similar to this in its execution you know i felt the same way when i read gong girl obviously gong girl's a much bigger book but i felt like i've read this a thousand times right but when gong girl came out it was the first to do it but then i have personally read the books have been inspired by it and so it doesn't hit the same for me and that's kind of how i'm feeling with this i'm just like it's fine but it's so done it's so played out and i found this past section a little bit more boring the the structure of the book changed from that alternating pov to a different kind of pov and it just doesn't been working as much for me i don't know i don't know i've been a little bit bored this can't have been the originator of a twist like this it must have you know even this was copying it from somewhere so i'm gonna finish it this evening hopefully i've got some sprints with my patrons later this evening i feel like it could have a further twist i'm questioning i'm not going to tell you i'm questioning because it's but i am glad to finally be reading it i keep having like this really deja vu moment where i thought i'd never read this book i just at the rate i was going it was never getting read now here i am reading it it's kind of a moment it's kind of a shock it's kind of like wow who am i so i'm enjoying it but i'm not in love with it i'll check them with you once i've finished it oh kidoki everyone i finished the wife between us by grohenjix and sarah peckinen i'm giving it a three star it's very average but it's aggressively average one could say it was fine it was fine it was it was fine it does have twists twists are present they're fairly predictable it's nothing new nothing new nothing changed same old shit you know what i mean like it's same old shit but i did have a fun time reading it so where does that lead us it leaves us as a three star i cannot explain to you guys enough the satisfaction i feel you you got i could not communicate that to you i feel so happy it's like a weight has been lifted off my shoulders that i have finally read this i'm at who you are where you come from if you've got a dream there's no one out there that can stop you from achieving it was just one of those books that's emblematic of me not having read a certain amount of books for a really long time and for a young time this was one i this is always the fourth front in my mind of those books and so to have read it i mean that's a five star feeling that's a five star plus feeling that's a five star five star five star feeling you know what i mean that is the highlight of this to me that i finally finished it i don't really have many more thoughts about the booktube it kept having a few twists there are a few good twisters epilogue and a good twist you know i'm satisfied with how this book went it was a fun time it didn't require me to think much turn the brain off check it out the window bob's your uncle have a good time you know what i mean and you know it's not much for win because our first episode we got a two star second episode we've got a three star however that does mean next episode we're gonna get a four star and the episode after that we're gonna get a five star absolutely that's the way this is gonna work absolutely absolutely there's not a shadow of doubt in my mind it's a conspiracy theory that i'm actually interested in i don't think i'm gonna pick up anything else by gary hendrix and sarah peckin and though i've read now two books from them that has been aggressively mediocre like i think i gave the gold couple two stars and i gave this three stars i'm not interested in any of their solo work i mean we're just putting ways we're putting ways it was a good way you know it was like a nostalgic satisfying last meeting but we're gone we're done we're separated so yeah that was the vlog and that that was i'm so happy that one came up really because i'm so happy that i finally read that so that was episode two of wrapped up retro i hope you guys enjoyed it if you read this let me know what you thought and also let me know when you read it did you read it back in 2018 when it came out have you read it more recently because i do think that does have an effect on how someone would feel about this book so yeah i hope you enjoyed this vlog there'll be two more coming throughout december i'm about to go and wrap the book for episode three to see what we get i'm feeling a bit nervous but we will see and thank you guys so much for watching i'll see you very soon in another video bye