So we're here with Kana2. So who are you? Yeah, I'm Erkis Soininen and I'm Kana2 and we show you here some touch sensors made out of our carbon and butt material. So what is this? Oh, this is a 3D shaped touch device and with this one what you have you you have here a slider function and you have a wheel and these wheels and sliders can be used to control different functions. There's also a button function to switch the device on or off. So this is just to show off your sensors. This is like a demonstration device? Yeah, this is a demonstration device and Well, how do you make it? Well, the way how we make it is that we start from foils, like initially we have flexible film on top of which we coat our carbon nanobud material in a continuous roll deposition mode. After that we pattern it to sensors to make it a sensor, a flat sensor after which it is thermo formed into the desired shape and after that we can print some decorative coatings on it like in this example and after that we back mold it with with with a plastic which is injection molded. Like in this case there was polycarbonate injection mold. So that means this device which is 3D can have all kinds of sensors around? Yeah, exactly. Anywhere? Yeah, that's true. Yeah, and so if you look inside this one for example if you hold this one and behind, can you show this one? What do we see here? Some kind of circuits? Yeah, what we see here is this is how it looks like from behind and our material is here. This is a transparent area, but then you can bring the signals out using using normal metal conductors like silver which can be printed. So how much of this is on the market? Are you still showing some things for the for the future market? Yeah, all of this is pretty new and we have launched our film products during the past year. But the first products will be coming out to the market next spring. Next spring? Spring is the one before summer, right? Correct. Yes. So here we have and what is this? The first products will be this kind of flat products for portable electronics. Something like a tablet? Maybe. Something like a tablet and that kind of products. And what's different from the other tablets? The difference here is that our material has zero reflections. It is carbon-based and therefore it absorbs all the light instead of reflecting. So no more reflections on the tablet? No more reflections from our material from the touch sensor. From the touch sensor? But there's still something else, right? Yeah, there's still something from the front surface and but our materials help reduce the reflections overall. Can you have a front surface without reflection also? Well, you can you can make practically zero reflection front surface by using anti-reflective coatings. So that is also possible. Something like matte or whatever they call it. I don't know what it is. Well, it is anti-reflective coatings are normally not really matte, but it's more like just killing the reflections by anti-reflective coatings. So your technology is in that kind of product and in this kind of product? Yeah, so the technology is in this kind of rigid tablets, type of type products, but then also it's in thermoformable products, which can be rigid but in 3D shapes, or then it can be also in entirely flexible formats. So in the future, maybe the tablets will be 3D? There will be three like different shapes inside? That's true. They can be. How? Well, you need a flexible display for that and then you need flexible touch sensor like ours and then you integrate this together and then you can have tablets that can be rollable, or foldable, bendable. Stretchable? In the long term, stretchable also. All materials can actually be stretched, but there are not yet the displays which are stretchable, but this is something that the industry is working on in a little bit longer time frame. Just a few months more, right? A few months more, yeah. So how long time did it take to make this? You say one year is the company? Oh, the company was actually established already in 2004. So there is a long period of R&D behind these materials. Before starting to launch samples? Exactly. So like we started our commercial activities four years ago, and then we have now built the first product capability and the manufacturing capability. What are you showing over there? Yeah, so what we have here is here we have a demonstrator of a dome-shaped touch sensor. There's too much reflection in this display. Yeah, you need your technology in there. Yeah, yeah, we would need it. So here what we have is we have a multi-touch sensor, and you can have up to ten touches and it is in a dome shape. So this demonstrator you can have a full matrix functionality in the 3D shape. Nice. So what do you think about this conference, ID Tech X? Oh, this is a very useful conference and then a good place for all the players in this printed electronics to come together in there. I thoroughly enjoy it. And this printed electronics business is going to grow very rapidly in the years to come? This is actually something where we have done a survey, an online survey, because we have wanted to see that what do our customers think of where the industry is going and we have just now published an online survey results for wearable devices and what we found is that 98% of our respondents, they said that there's going to be a large growth in the wearable technology industry now in the coming years. And you will be part of that? We will be part of that and we'll be the company that will be enabling the touch there. Where are you based, the company? We're based in Helsinki, Finland. All right, so looking forward to


What's going on everybody? Today we're continuing our Power BI tutorial series and in this video we're gonna be looking at Power Query.  So if you wanna make any changes like adding or deleting a column or changing the data type or a ton of other things, you can do all of that in Power Query. Now without further ado, let's jump onto my screen and get started with the tutorial. All right, so before we jump over to Power BI and start using Power Query, I wanted to take a look at the data and this is the Excel from our last video called Apocalypse Food Prep. And in that video we went through and we bought some rice, some beans, water, vegetables and milk all for the apocalypse, getting prepared for that. Now we decided to buy some additional things like rope, some flashlights, duct tape and a water filter, several water filters. And after we purchased those, our boss or whoever we're working with or somebody decided to go and make a pivot table. Now in this pivot table, they kind of broke it out by Costco, Target and Walmart and had all the items, had some subtotals as well as some grand totals right here. And then they decided to kind of copy and paste that into this. And you'll see this a lot when you're working with people who use Excel, they like to kind of make things like this, maybe make it into like a table or format it a little bit differently but you'll see stuff like this a lot. So this is what we're gonna actually pull into Power Query and work with. Now we're gonna imagine that this is all we have. This is the only thing we were working with and I'll kind of reference this pivot table a little bit. But we're gonna pretend this is all we have and we wanna transform it to make it a lot more usable to where we can make visualizations with it. So let's hop over to Power BI and pull this Excel in. So what we're gonna do is click import data from Excel. We're gonna click apocalypse food prep and click open. And then it's gonna bring up this window right here. Now this is where we can choose what data to bring in. So we can take a preview and just click on it real quick and this is the pivot table that we were looking at. So it does have that pivot table. So we are able to pull in just a pivot table and then we have the purchase overview where it's kind of that formatted thing that we're just looking at with all the colors. We're gonna pull both of those in. So we're gonna pull in the pivot table and the purchase overview.  So let's click on transform data. So now really quick before we actually jump into working through this and transforming it, I wanna show you what the Power Query editor looks like. So if we go right over here, we have our queries and these are the tables that we actually pulled in and we can click on those and kind of go back and forth between them. Now up top we have our ribbon and the ribbon offers a lot of functionality. We have things like remove columns, keep rows, remove rows, split columns. These are all things that we're likely to use when using this Power Query editor. There's also another tab called transform where there's a lot of functionality here as well. Things like unpivoting a column or transposing columns and rows and using a first row as a header. Some of the things that we'll be looking at today. There's also another tab called add a column and this one's pretty self-explanatory where you can add additional columns like deleting a column, creating an index column or a conditional column. Those are the three main ones. There's also view, tools and help but we're not gonna really be looking at those today. And then on the far right side, we have our query settings. You can do things like change the name. So we can call it pivot table 2022 and it'll update right over here on our query side. And we have our applied steps. Now our applied steps are extremely important and very, very useful. Anytime we make any change to transform this data it's gonna be documented right here and then we can go back and look at it or we can even delete that change in the future if we want to and go back to a previous version of what we just did. So when we loaded the data into Power BI it did a few things for us. It shows the source and navigation and it promoted the headers and then it also changed the data type. So if we wanna check we can actually see those things or change those things like this source right here. You can click on this little icon and it's gonna bring up the actual path where we got this file. So if we want it to change that or it changes in the future we can come here and we can change this file path. But we're not gonna do that right now. So let's click on cancel and let's go back down to change type. So promoted these headers and obviously these headers are not correct. We're looking at this pivot table and not the purchase overview but it changed these column headers and so in the future if we wanted to we could easily change those but it did that for us and it changed the type as well. So if you look right here it says ABC123 all the way over here it's where it just says ABC. ABC means it's only going to be text where ABC123 means it could be basically anything text or it could be numeric. So now let's go over to purchase overview and this is the one that we're actually gonna be working on the most but we might be looking at pivot table just a little bit to kind of reference it and see some of the differences. So before we do anything let's just take a look at how Power BI decided to take this data in. So it shows this apocalypse food prep overview as kind of the first column and that was kind of our header or the title of what we were looking at before and then all these other columns are basically column one, two, three, four, fives. So that's something that we're gonna want to change in just a little bit. There's also all these blank columns right here at the top and kind of these null values as we go along and we'll take a look at those and we kind of what we're gonna wanna get rid of some of this and just clean this up to make it more usable for our Power BI visualizations. This may be perfectly fine and acceptable in an Excel but when you're pulling it into Power BI the real reason you're pulling it in is to create visualizations not just it to look good in an Excel. So we're gonna need to clean this up quite a bit. So let's go right up top. The first thing that I want to do is I wanna get rid of these top rows. So we're gonna go to this top ribbon and we're gonna click remove rows and we're gonna select remove top rows and we're gonna select two because we have one, two rows of all nulls and those are completely useless. We just wanna get rid of them right away. So let's click okay and it remove those. The next thing that we want to do is this location, product and all these dates these are actually the column headers that we wanted. So what we need to do now is we wanna go over to transform and wanna say use first row as headers. And just like that we have location, products and these dates as our headers exactly how we wanted them. Now let's say for whatever reason we made a mistake and we needed to go back we would just select remove top rows and that would be perfectly fine. Now you can see over here it promoted the headers but it's also changed the data type. So before, if we went to before we remove the headers these were all ABC123, ABC123 because it had a lot of different data types in there so it just kind of made a generic data type. But when we promoted these headers the first thing that I decided to do was also change this data type for us giving us its best guess as to what this data type is and decided to do this decimal. So this one two is a decimal but we're actually gonna change that and all you have to do is click on this 1.2 or the data type that it has right here for you and we're gonna click on fixed decimal number. And let's do replace current and now it's just a little bit better. So now it's 2.70, 2.5 and that's normally how we would read values like this cause this is money. So we would normally read it to the second decimal just like that and if we have it on the second decimal for some we should probably have it on the second decimal for all of them. So really quickly I'm gonna go through and I'm just going to change that and it should be pretty quick so hang with me for just a second. All right, that is perfect. Now for the purposes of what we're about to do we don't actually need these subtotals or this Costco total, Target total and Walmart total as well as the grand total really we wanna get rid of those and so what we're going to do is we're gonna go right over here we're gonna click on this dropdown and we're gonna try to filter this data before we actually load it into Power BI. So we're gonna filter and we're gonna say remove empty and let's remove those and it's gonna take out all of those nulls. If we wanted to try to filter this out by saying something like Costco total or Target total we could do that by going right here clicking this dropdown on products go into text filters and saying does not contain and let's do insert and we're gonna say does not contain and we wanna say total and let's click okay and again it filtered out all of those things. So there's a few different options that you can do if you wanna filter out rows that contain either null values or specific values. Now the next thing that we're gonna do is actually get rid of a column, this grand total column and so what we're gonna do is we're gonna click on the very top part where it says grand total and then go back over here to home and we're gonna click on remove columns and it says insert that's because we're on this filtered rows one right here but what we're gonna do is just insert that and it'll insert it right there that's totally fine we can just move it to the bottom. Now we got rid of this column entirely. Now this looks really good visually.  The biggest thing about this is that when you're actually wanting to use this for visualizations these columns as dates doesn't really work too well and so what we're gonna want to do is we're gonna wanna transpose this or pivot this to where these dates are actually rows. So what we're gonna do is select the first date which is January 1st all the way through April 1st and we're gonna hit shift and click on that April 1st right there to select all of them at the same time and then we're gonna go over here to the transform tab and we're gonna click unpivot columns and let's see what this does. And so now what we've done is we've basically recreated our original Excel that we had so let's go back and take a look really quickly at that. So this looks almost identical to what we have in Power BI right now and this is extremely usable and very good for visualizations and is much, much better than this but again, we were pretending that this is what we were given at the beginning. So you have to imagine somebody just handing you this and you need to make it much more usable for visualizations in the future which happens a lot and we actually wanted to create this we just weren't given this. Now a few last things that we might want to do is we wanna clean this up just a little bit we're gonna select the data type and change this to date and then we're gonna select the value and I double clicked on the value and I actually wanna call this cost or product cost, product underscore cost. And then for the location I actually want this to be called store. So now this looks really good but I wanna show you one thing really quickly on this pivot table 2022. So let's go back here this looks very similar to how we had it when it first started. One thing I wanted to show you really quickly and I wanna click on this first one we're gonna make this our column header and then we're gonna try to pivot or unpivot this January, February, March, April. So really quickly, let's do that. So we're going to transform use first row as headers. So now we have this January, February, March, April. Now, if you notice these are not dates these are actually text it says January, February, March and April. So if we go to do this and we click unpivot and here's the columns that are created when we unpivot it it is January, February, March and April these are not dates. So we cannot go and change this to a date because that would error out because it's actually text. So it's something that you wanna look out for it's something that you need to be aware of and you can change that in the pivot table. So you wanna be aware of how it actually sits and looks in the Excel or whatever data source you're pulling from before you actually pull it into Power Query to transform. And now the very last thing that we need to do to finalize all of this is go over here to close and apply. And once we click that everything that we've worked on is gonna be applied to the actual data and it's gonna load into Power BI to create our visualizations. So let's go ahead and click on that. And so now the data has been pulled into Power BI let's go right down here to data and we can see the data right here. If we need to transform this data again we can bring it back into the Power Query Editor window by just clicking the transform data button and it's gonna bring us right back. So I hope that this was helpful. Thank you so much for watching. If you liked this video be sure to like and subscribe below and check out all my other videos and everything data analysts related. I'll see you in the next video.


Alrighty! I have some really big tea about dinosaurs alive. It has escalated beyond belief in their in terms of markings. We even have column markings now. So on the cement there were red or orange painted circles with column 88 also on there. So that's interesting. That's all I can make out in terms of numbers right now. But if you're looking there's a ton more markings all throughout this land now. Compared to even just a week ago all these little orange markings and then circles with numbers next to them have appeared. There was one further up but I couldn't make out what it was. All we can see right now is 88. But yeah, it's really interesting. There is definitely something big coming because the markings also extend all the way over to Goster Coaster and then they have some trees marked there. There's some electrical being in like work arriving next to Action Theater as well. So it's a big project that we can tell so far. So as you can see here there's markings over on the trees up there as well at the very edge. And then you're going to see some markings over behind the game section. There was this new little cement area added behind the scenes. That's of no importance but you're going to see some trees in this area marked for removal as well. So I'll show you guys that. There's a shipping container that has arrived and a tree marked for removal on the other end next to the game. So all within a very similar vicinity. Again some of these might mean nothing but we just are going to show you everything that we possibly see. And what's even more exciting is I was starting to lean towards a Camp Snoopy expansion but the column numbers are now having me second guess that. And I'm thinking Camp Snoopy with a coaster. And obviously it's still going to be a kids coaster. When I say kids coaster I'm thinking something like Fire Chaser Express or even smaller like maybe even a wooden coaster for kids like a proper wooden flyer coaster. But yeah nonetheless lots of weird things going on. The markings are all kind of some of them are old ones in the action theater area. So here's one on a tree in action theater that one's new. But the one I just showed before this was older from previous seasons. So it could be different things.  There's just a lot of weird markings but hardly anything out in this area to be honest.  There is hardly any. All of them are centered around almost a Camp Snoopy centered around Planet Snoopy. But this area with the amount construction is definitely about to begin. So I give it about two weeks. To be honest it could end up being a little longer because what I do know is Rutherford is working on the the restaurant right now. And Wonderland uses Rutherford for any cement and concrete work. So obviously I'm assuming Rutherford's going to have to finish the restaurant before they move on into this area. And then when that happens construction will happen here. But clearly they're setting up for it. So really exciting times ahead for Wonderland. This is a really big pot of land. And just to put it into perspective the markings stretch the entire dinosaurs alive plot of land. We're talking there's markings even with numbers on them over by Wild Beast. So just to put that into perspective it's a really large plot of land which is really promising. The kids area needs a really big expansion and I would love to see something like Fire Chaser Express. Again that is wishful thinking but I would love to see it. It was one of my original predictions way back in the day before I started predicting Camp Snoopy. But yeah what do you guys think? I'd love to hear down in the comments what you think this could all be. It seems Wonderland is pouring a lot of money into the park now and some of the plans we're hearing are really exciting. You're gonna see a lot of investments in food and beverage continue over the next couple years. So I mean I'm super excited. I'm like literally I even like a kids expansion would be huge in my opinion. I love the theming that Wonderland's doing and I know whatever's gonna come in this area is gonna be well themed. So I'm really hoping for that Camp Snoopy with a roller coaster expansion as well. But yeah super exciting times ahead. I just wanted to update you guys and we'll be keeping a very close eye on here because again construction is gonna start any week now. So yeah thanks so much guys. Hopefully you're having an amazing week and yeah see you at Wonderland. Bye!


So once you win the pommel, decide what you're going to do with it, because you'll have double and double one. So here you go. See how my arm is moving you all over the place? Don't let that happen. Do it? Don't. Okay. One. Now you're going like this. You're not going to have problems. It's about the third one. Let's do it. Let's do it. I'm not going to hit my mouth. It's so hard when we do one, two, one, two. Because the harder you swing that two, the harder it is going to be for the other one next one. You get out of position, like this, and you're going like this. Okay, hold on to your lower, lower back. Ah, there you go. Now step around, stay low. Now, you're going to do it with these hips. Lift and then you step away from there. Good. And then feel it meantime. There. Here. Step deep. See where I'm going? Yeah. See how I'm basically, I step in deep, and then I come this way and go boom, and use that hip. Because I'm underneath you. But you're going to, you're going to take me back under your leg basically. So I'm here. So I step in deep this way. This leg's coming around. I'm going over the leg that came around. Okay. Watch the two things I do here. Step one. See where my hips are? I'm here. I can still grab. Step two. So I'm stepping in deep. I'm stepping in deep like this. Do that. That's a heavy rep. Get this in deep again. There. Step around. Oh, hold on. I'm going to bring this foot back here. Over here, around the back of my leg. Pinch my right knee. Yes. Yeah. Pinch. There you go. You're back. Watch me. I'm here. I'm here. I'm here. Step. I'm going to come this way. I'm going to spread my feet out. I'll tell you, no choo-choos. I don't have a choo-choos right here. One goes out. This pulls back. I'm using that momentum to pull back. To throw this thing. But you don't want to take big steps doing it. So you don't want to be right out here and go. Because I'm going to see I'm coming. So if you're this far out. Close your distance. Little micro steps. Where do you go? Where are you going to? You're going to stay low. And now when you go to lift. Put your hips into it.  This way. Yeah. There you go. So you're going to go here. Watch my feet. I'm going to go here. Step around. Just like that. That's why you fell on top of me. You know what I mean? Again.


Hello and welcome to the role of customer partner and vendor collaboration in enterprise open source strategy. My name is Jose Miguel Parrella. I'm with the open source ecosystem team at Microsoft. Over the next half an hour, I'd like to share with you how Microsoft's approach to collaboration and partnerships has transformed with open source and some of our learnings are on the way. Hoping that it can help you and your program engage with your value chain and the open source community at large. I have been working with open source at Microsoft for over a decade and had the opportunity to contribute to many of the milestones that you see here. Some of these are product related. Some of these were announcements that signal more strategic investments. Some were contributions to third party projects and others involved releasing of Microsoft's IP as open source. But these are all representative of Microsoft's open source transformation where today over 30,000 employees use GitHub for work and over 150,000 open source components are used to deliver value to customers and people around the globe in millions of different ways. But something that particularly struck me when I joined Microsoft was the power of partnerships. It was clear to me that partners were going to play a critical role in Microsoft's open source journey that Microsoft wasn't going to do this alone and was willing to stand on the shoulders of giants. Now this meant changing many things. How we engage with partners and even who we engage with. One of the most important examples of this today remains how we work with open source foundations and other governance bodies. This represents a shift from work that used to focus mostly on standards and it requires developing a mindset, a skill set and a cultural affinity that spans the large and growing numbers of organizations that influence several aspects of Microsoft business today. Now this is important work that we continue doing. You can visit open source at Microsoft.com if you want to learn more. But I thought I'd describe some specific collaboration models that we're seeing more of today. For example, cross industry collaboration where we see a group of somehow unlikely partners are increasingly happening powered by open source. Examples range from tackling problems like separation of concerns in cloud native application model. What we do with Alibaba and others in open app model or concerns like confidential computing consortium that brings together from hardware vendors to cloud providers and end users as well. Now this cross industry collaboration is also seen at a more granular level in certain technology ecosystems. I could mention perhaps on its runtime in the machine learning space or yarn in the Fatchist upper foundation analytics space or our partnership with OpenAI. The reality is that the harder the problem and the more impact it has in both society and people that more often it seems like open source is helping bring participants together across industries. Two examples of here include differential privacy, OpenDP in particular, OpenData. True not only this OpenData initiative but also several other work that Microsoft has been doing around licensing for data sets through open source licenses that are on GitHub. There's also healthcare environmental sustainability and we participate in several of this directly as Microsoft as well as through GitHub. If I had to pick one such challenge from the top of my head, I would say that be our joint responsibility to security open source software supply chain.  And when it comes to identifying threats, rethinking disclosure and developing security, tooling and best practices, the open source security foundation reflects this cross industry collaboration with participants that include JP Morgan Chase for example. Now, in addition to actively participating in governance forms like Linux foundation or the cloud native computing foundation, and signing with industry peers in certain contribution spaces like Yarn and engaging in cross industry collaboration for broad impact problems like differential privacy. I'd like to talk a little bit more about our work with commercial partners because it best reflects the open source transformation with Microsoft. I like this different mindset that this type of partnership requires. Now, Sonic stands for software for open networking in the cloud. It's an open source project released by Microsoft in 2015. It comprises code base as well as specs. It was originally assigned to help with flood service provider software defined networking needs in the cloud. Every packet that comes in or out of a Microsoft data center today goes through a top of rack switch running Sonic. And it has a modularity that allows different partners to plug their hardware offerings. As a result, there are about a hundred supported platforms in Sonic from a dozen different vendors. And some of the things that we've been doing with Sonic include the fact that get-have-issues and pull requests are the place where the development of the project happens in the open with contributions from many people that are not at Microsoft employees. Also something else that we've done with Sonic give everyone the chance to grow the Sonic brand by establishing a quality bar, both in technical as well as in general and user experience standpoint on what really makes a great Sonic derivative or a Sonic distribution a great customer experience. So as you can see this type of collaboration this partner industry collaboration not only creates opportunities for a lot of the hardware vendors that can use Sonic to go to market. And today there are Sonic distributions there as commercial offerings from several of these partners but also requires a different approach a different mindset, a different thinking about governance and it's still a long-term investment that still requires every single bit of help and time and resource investment as any other kind of project but it has an interesting commercial implication that again is a reflection on the transformation on how this type of collaborations are happening. Now one other collaboration I'd like to highlight is how we work with partners to build solutions in Azure to build things in our platform is not about keeping an arms length from a lot of these different collaboration forums but in many cases like with the commercial open source companies that you see here is that joint engineering, joint operations and joint support that materializes in different ways depending on the nature of the service but results in an integrated experience for customers with integrated identity integrated security and integrated billing is what we really call jointly built. These are solutions you can buy from the Microsoft price list this are joint SKUs, joint solutions join go to market, join services. In the case for example of Azure Red Hat OpenShift not only has Red Hat Proctax OpenShift which is an open source project but Microsoft and Red Hat have open source the control plane of the service which is the Azure Red Hat OpenShift research provided or RORP open source don't get have today. And these are all great examples of how we can partner that cultural affinity between Microsoft and the commercial partners commercial open source partners can translate the benefits for the open source ecosystem because all of these companies handle communities handle their project and that they understand upstream and downstream project and product and whether it's innovation or simply fixing experience patching security issues or whatnot where one more participant that knows and is in the long term to bring all of this learnings from going into production and going into market back to the open source projects. Now, one more example I'd like to provide on a particular type of community industry collaboration comes from our Postgres team. There is a significant Postgres investment at Microsoft. We have several core contributors to the Postgres project working at Microsoft and we offer a managed Postgres service. It is every extension and every contribution we've made is open source and we continue innovating in this space with things like PJ Kron which basically helps with scaling background workers in Postgres scenarios in a more idiomatic or better integrated way. In the case with PJ Kron which again is an open source collaboration is that it was not just the brainchild of Microsoft it was actually the collaboration between Microsoft. Amazon, a competitor that offers also offers a managed Postgres service and Salando, a retailer, a customer that uses Postgres and it's this type of collaboration that we also see in some of the scenarios that I described like Onyx Runtime or in the cloud native computing foundation space where more and more we coincide with others oftentimes competitors, other industry participants, industry peers and customers that are doing this contribution in the open which is quite amazing and again another example of the type of collaborative flavors of collaboration that we are often finding. Again, a lot of this is not only commercial it's not only about creating opportunities which we still do is not just about being an active participant and the governance bodies of things that influence the business interests of Microsoft or of your company but it's also tackling big problems and coming together to offer solutions that customers and the community at large really want like in this case, this particular Postgres extension. If I had to paint a little bit of a framework I would say that working together in open source starts with collaborating with the industry starts with being present in all the governance bodies it involves the building of our platform with others oftentimes that means bringing publishers into our marketplace, establishing partner relationships partner programs, partner channels but also going above and beyond and building with partners which is something that we uniquely do through this joint engineering, joint operations, joint support and the integrated experience and that long-term commitment to go through the upstream open source communities through and with our partners. There are two customer related examples here that I have at the bottom and I'd like to talk about one of these two a little bit in depth. Of course, Microsoft does have like many software companies a consulting function. This is what I'm calling here coding for customers. In this consulting function because we work with enterprise companies these of course, there's a lot of open source usage whether it's office dynamics of front end solutions around ASP.NET, .NET Core itself being open source helper solutions around SQL Server running on Linux containerized solutions. These are all spaces where our traditional consulting customers keep asking for more and more open source but I wanted to focus on coding with customers which is something that Microsoft that we do through our commercial software engineering organization and it's in this coding with customers where we see some reflection of the motivations around the broader collaboration both with commercial and non-commercial entities. In this code with engagements we're seeing a ubiquitous open source usage that includes languages like Python and Go, solutions like Kafka, oftentimes all of those running in Linux containers pulling the OCI stack pulling the Linux operating system. In this engagements we use a standard legal framework that describes jointly owned IP which focus on reusability and respect for the open source licensing of anything that's brought into the engagement just the result of joint decisions and joint discussions with our customers and like I said, it's something that we see very often. We find that we might be improving on a particular way of doing something and that results in joint upstream contributions as well and a whole motivation behind this is the ability for Microsoft to understand how open source is being used in different industries. Commercial software engineering engages in industry friending from healthcare to public sector. Some of the customers we engage with include Alliance, AXA, UBS, HSBC. So that is critical for us and we see the same thing that you see in terms of open source and they're pinning a lot of trends around digital transformation as well as entire categories of technology in particularly or basically defined by open source. Now, one of the big learnings here is that long-term sustainability is as much as a concern in this type of code with engagements of vendor, this case cloud service provider and user as it is for any industry peers or any cross industry collaboration. No one really wants to be in the business of rolling out code no matter how good the code is no matter how helpful we think it might be for someone else and then failing to create a community or failing to care about its long-term sustainability. So this is an aspect we've learned from particularly in the early stages of our work here with some Kubernetes and cloud-native related projects around best practice frameworks for example where it's always hard to start this engagement thinking how do I decouple this? How do I design this in a way that others can naturally come that naturally attracts contributors and future maintainers that requires understanding you having some product understanding what's gonna be the value proposition who's gonna be the audience of this project of this repo that I'm gonna be standing up and of course much more than that what's the governance of this what infrastructure is gonna be necessary and oftentimes also requires recruiting some critical base do we wanna talk to others in our same industry in the case for example, let's say banks are there other banks or there are other peers I can talk to and see if there's any across sorry industry peer collaboration we can put together around this project. Now interestingly some of this comes from perhaps underestimating non-code artifacts. When we focus mostly on code and this concern is almost brings everything to a stall it's a real blocker. When we consider non-code artifacts like specs like architectures and other deliverables then things get a little bit interesting because we can make meaningful open source contributions even though it's not necessarily a software framework or something that resembles a software product. So this is an area we want to explore more on. In fact, I would say that the internal training at Microsoft that we have for all of this organization that performs the code with engagements internally we call this open hack this is actually open source. So the entire training materials for all of this type of engagements are open source already as you know at Microsoft like it's a normal and in the cloud all documentation SDKs client libraries et cetera are also open source. But there are so many artifacts that don't require necessarily that cognitive aspect of you need to bind to this framework or this particular piece of technology which can be a little bit of a limiting factor when considering adoption of a lot of this. So this is an interesting finding for us that how even in this type of engagements which are these are non billable type of engagements non prescriptive type of engagements we find many of the same motivations and challenges that drive this cross industry collaboration of which we have many examples that I've talked about today. We find that long-term sustainability remains a big topic. We find that cross talking to industry peers is an aspect that could potentially help here that that matchmaking across industries is also another aspect that could help here. And certainly there are forums like this forum where we can talk about several of this problems in client coming around. And this is something we truly believe there's more investment and more that we can be doing in this space. In fact, I am very interested in your learnings working with others in open source particularly working with others in your value chain and particularly working with the ecosystem and the community at large. We are seeing again an increase like you are here today we're seeing an increase of end user participation in several of those governance bodies and trying to understand what else can we do as trusted advisors and cloud service providers and software companies to ensure the maximum impact and the maximum value for the open source community at large. To summarize here are five of the models that I've talked about today in terms of collaboration with others in open source that collaboration with industry and active participation in governance the development of the basic partner ecosystems to build our platform but also going with commercial open source software companies building with VAM services in our platform that then allow us to deliver more value to the open source ecosystem. And obviously working with customers including that coding with motion for us that has yielded some interesting learnings into reusability and what things must be considered beyond just licenses and other technical factors and the code itself to ensure that these are successful and impactful contributions for everyone else as well. Like I said, I'm really interested for input and more than happy to get in touch via open source at microsoft.com. We'll also open it up for a few questions in just a minute. If you'd like to learn more about how we do open source at Microsoft and the kind of things we do with open source at Microsoft you can visit opensource.microsoft.com I'm particularly interested in any follow up conversations you wanna have with your team with others in your industry I'd be delighted to share a little bit more details about some of this engagements but for now let's open it up for a few questions. And again, thank you for making the time and enjoy the rest of the forum.


Meat Boy is back. Some of you might be wondering, Meat Boy, what are you doing? Isn't this a carnivore channel? Isn't this a health and nutrition channel? Why are you making Yuhu? Well, I was watching a video the other day. I think it was on Barstool Sports and one of the guys was drinking Yuhu. And I remembered it from my childhood. I mean, I maybe had it once or twice. I never really drank it, but I certainly remember that I liked it. It was this sweet, unique tasting, chocolatey drink. So I got curious and googled what was in it. I had absolutely zero expectations. And to my surprise, the base ingredients were actually pretty healthy. It was whey, cacao powder, sweetener, and some natural flavors, as well as a little bit of salt.   And the recipe websites are telling you to use like Nest Quick Mix. So to my understanding, this is about as close to the traditional Yuhu recipe that is possible. The creator originally made it because he wanted to use byproducts from other industries, such as whey from cheese making and probably like chocolate grinds from candy bar factories or whatever. But today we are using incredibly high quality versions of this and whether you're an adult or especially for your kids, I think just about everyone will enjoy this. And there could be a few variations on this, but to my understanding, this is actually about as close as possible as you could get to a real Yuhu recipe, just a bit higher end protein because we're gonna add a little bit extra. The main component is the whey protein. This is 100% grass fed. We have this on Frankie's Free Range Meat, as well as Frankie's Free Range Foods, if you just wanna buy it on its own. We source this from Australia and New Zealand because I don't trust the American farmers to be 100% grass fed. Good alternative to this would be going to a local farm and buying the liquid whey. This is a bit higher in protein and it's just more convenient. For the sweetener, I'm going to use Nature's Glucose. We have this as well on Frankie's Free Range Foods. You could use raw honey, maple syrup, coconut sugar, anything high quality, organic. It's gonna add its own element of sweetness. I think Nesquik even had a monk fruit sweetener in it, so you can try artificial sweeteners. Really a lot of experimenting to be done, but this stuff is crazy, crazy sweet. I think there's like 32 grams of sugar in just 11 ounces of Yuhu, so keep that in mind. I'm gonna add a little bit of vanilla powder, tends to just add that dessert, more approachable hint to it. Tiny bit of salt to bring out all the flavors. And here we have organic raw cacao powder. From a nutrient perspective, here we have a lot of B vitamins, super concentrated minerals. I think whey protein is a really underrated food. The Nature's Glucose is just pure glucose extracted from honey, so all cells in the body need glucose and whenever I have a headache, I actually take this stuff. It takes the stress of fructose off the liver as well as things like sucrose and sugar, so it's by far the healthiest sweetener because it removes the negatives, fuels your body with what it needs. Vanilla, just high quality vanilla powder, kind of expensive.  Now the way Yuhu is made is he bottled it and then he heated the products in the bottle.  So we're gonna do 10 ounces of water and this is filtered water from a local spring. And the way I got these measurements was I looked at the macronutrient profile of Yuhu and I kind of guesstimated. About one tablespoon of cacao powder, tiny pinch of salt, tiny pinch of the vanilla, and it's two and a half tablespoons of whatever sweetener you choose. I'm actually out of this, I've gone through like four jars of this this week. Of course you could do this raw. I think we did a raw chocolate milk recipe once. And hey, you could use raw milk for this as well, but I think the cooked version is gonna be a little more flavorful. What seems like an incredible amount of sugar, but that's the recipe, that's what they put in it. I would say probably half a scoop of whey protein would be the accurate recipe. So I'm gonna whisk this on a medium-high heat for maybe just two or three minutes to really bloom all the flavors. And since this was pasteurized in the bottle, I'm assuming it was just heated at a very high heat for maybe like 20, 30 seconds. Now I just have a hard time believing that something like Yuhu is actually made with reasonable natural ingredients. Now that I'm smelling this, that unique flavor of the Yuhu was the whey. And even though that was a lot of sweetener, the nature's glucose product isn't really that sweet because it's pure glucose and the sweetness and sugar and honey really comes from the fructose. Now the reason fructose is so sweet is because it's like telling your body not to eat too much of it, whereas glucose is milder and your body wants more of it. All right, I think that's good. I'm gonna add a little bit more of the glucose because I don't think I added enough and it'll also help. Is there like a rule against not putting hot stuff in the blender? Why am I afraid to open this? Oh, that's why. I had a feeling something bad was gonna happen. That was right. Blending that increased the volume a lot. It went from around 10 ounces to over 16 ounces. So we'll let this cool off for maybe five minutes, then we'll come taste it. I know you boys and girls wanna see Gina, so let me see if she's awake. So she wasn't sleeping in. She's definitely not gonna sleep if she drinks this. This is a great pre-workout drink. White protein and chocolate and glucose to probably run through a wall. And I don't mean figuratively run through a wall, like you'll literally feel like you want to run through a wall if you drink something like this. The glucose, caffeine, protein, doesn't get more than that. Gina, what's up with the gloves? Fashion statement. Hi, YouTube people. Okay, so Gina, this is a... It's a... Oh, this looks warm. You might not know what this is. Oh, that's hot. Oh, it's a little warm still. Well, that's a little warm. I'm just gonna get a straw for this. I wanna schedule boys. Can't cool down all the way. I'm just gonna try a little bit of the foam on top. Mmm. Now, it's not a hot chocolate. Can you guess what this drink is supposed to be? Try it first. Does it taste like anything? Is it supposed to be coffee? No, Gina, it's not coffee. It kind of tastes like a hot chocolate. It's a bottle drink. It has a yellow label. Oh, it's a... Is it the Italian espresso drink? No, it's like a kid's drink. It's like something... No, it's quick. There we go. She's close. It's yuhu. Oh, it's close enough. That's quick yuhu. It's all the same to me. It's delicious. Have you had yuhu before? I think when I was a little kid, it tasted exactly like... She probably doesn't remember. Oh, yeah, definitely yuhu. Definitely now it tastes so good. I don't trust our taste test or something. It tastes a little bit like yuhu.  Oh, that's good. But this is like a really, really tasty hot chocolate. So if you guys try this out, definitely let me know what you think. Mess around with the ingredients a bit and maybe one of you guys can tell me how you make this taste a little bit more like yuhu. I think the combination of using a high quality raw cacao and really high quality ingredients changes it a little bit, but it's still really good. She likes it. It's better than hot chocolate, that's for sure. You guys can go check our hot chocolate recipe, but this is really, really different from that. So thank you guys for joining me today. You can check out Frankie's Free Range Foods down in the description below. If you guys can please drop a like on the video, leave me a comment and above all, if you could share the video on social media. I'll see you guys for tomorrow's video. We'll do a live stream a little bit later around five or six p.m.


Little bit of snow today. We're having problems with this beer cooler. So let's go in here and see if the snow had anything to do with it In the colder temperatures or if it's just something broke down inside. They said the evaporators We're not running. So let's take a peek and see what's going on. So it's not running at all what they do is they Take this little motor there pump the cold air from in here out through the beer nozzle area and stuff like that To keep the draughty area cold. I think it's back in there. Now. I've had problems with this thing leaking. I Don't know if this one's got yeah, it's got heater elements They're not on So with it having heater elements, there's a good chance that the defrost is a problem Now I had some leaks on this thing And I think they might have replaced it. I had some writing on the back there. I Don't see it. So I would say it probably Probably was finally replaced. Let's go look outside and see what the what's going on out there. What's behind door number one? Lots of snow not near as much as we just came from another Maronin and There's the one we need beer walk-in cooler walking food cooler drive-thru a Little cooler there Let's pop this puppy and take a peek inside and see what's going on with it. I'd say she's Got some issues with the defrost and behind door number two We have a defrost clock that is setting there Looks like we're kind of should be out of the out of the zone there. You see that we're Click we're out of it it clicked and the light is still staying on Now the heater elements were off because the limit inside there probably tripped I'm going to say let's kill the power to this and Get that replaced.  I just Don't really like the way that it 15-minute increments instead of smaller increments and These have a tendency to get dirt in them I mean, they're kind of neat, but these little relays as you can see Stick and they're more money. Yeah, I don't think that other ones fit right in there very well Let's just put the same stupid thing in why overthink it. It's a DTAV. I always kind of want to call it Dave but DTAV 40 Get this thing on there. I believe it released We've got a there we go Liquid just slowly going through We're all watches for a bit. It wouldn't surprise me if it's low especially today It's uh, it's low. You're gonna see it today It's somewhere around 16. Yeah, that's really really really great. It's cutting out on low pressure switch And that looks pretty empty. Well, let's go check thermostat. I'm pretty sure Yeah, it's it's just cycling off. It's so freaking cold We'll give it a minute we have to add some Okay, so you see our pressures are super low like last Practically empty dump some in there. We'll do a scan, but maybe they didn't change that evaporator yet I've been telling them for a while. I think I found it low way back. This thing was started up in 12 Found it low in 17. It was two and a half pounds found a low again in 20 So who knows and I think it happened again since then so let's dump some in see what we're at All right guys, I've added about three and a half pounds and my head pressure is about 90 We're running 404 But I believe what's going on is our headmaster there's having issues And if you look at it it is not sending Any heat To the receiver at all. It's not feeding Unfortunately Here's we have us a bad headmaster control if you take a look at the pressures here We're running about 87. So we're running about a 40 degree condensing temperature That sucks This thing is not in the greatest of shapes Let's some block off some of the airflow. They've conveniently got some cardboard over here Let's see what we can do with this Okay, we'll launch our head start to cruise up. We've got it pretty much completely blocked off We can get up there in the 90 degree the total charge was on this I think they forgot to write that down unless we are just really low but It's not feeding that's for certain. I don't think they wrote down the freaking charge mount Yeah, I didn't get in it Not getting it. Let's see if we can kill these fans. I Don't think we're gonna. I don't know. We probably could get one today. I'm not sure It's quite a distant drive back to get it and then not to mention how long it's gonna take to do it Maybe we can put a fan cycle control on this thing get us by until Come back earlier in a day sometime because we're already almost two o'clock. We're building but still, you know Still ain't getting her done yet freaking oil every buyers are rusting out Got oil down in there, which It's an awfully lot of oil wouldn't surprise me if we ain't licking leaking in that aluminum coil. Okay, we got the fans off Tracers starting to finally build up getting better It might still be low. I don't think it's clamping it off. It could be clamping it off. That's pretty warm on that receiver It might be low. It should have tried to open it up. Yeah, look at that. We got That much head pressure and she still is not there yet Bring this fans back on Add a little bit more to it. Maybe we do got that leak going on out here on the coil and take some time to take a Good search there Starting to fill up there. Sorta. I Think we're just pretty low Things act funny when it's a little cold out. Yeah, that receiver is warm. If that was liquid It wouldn't be warm Tall-tail sign that it's low on charge. I think we got us a salacious leak here. That's a pretty good size receiver I think we just went solid at about six and a half pounds and she just went bubbles again Seven and a half pounds This is a thirsty little burger We got us a good size leak somewhere Hopefully still the evaporator, but I'm telling you that oil out here came from somewhere But like I said, you never know people change compressors. They dump oil everywhere Don't clean up their mess That looks pretty factory right there there was solid again eight pounds Take her on up to eight and a half for good measure The other thing feels Good on my hands. I'll tell you that much. Okay, let's stop there Yeah, get a little heat out of that put that up there kind of curious if we take that off if the head pressure holds maybe that Valve needed more refrigerant to be able to start working right. I would have figured it would have Opened up right away, or we just didn't have enough refrigerant to notice it bleeding by But it looks like that right fans doing a different different speed there Open it up for more air to go through That valve is set up for 180 flashing off Awesome dropping in head pressure so the valve is not doing its job pull this completely out see what it does Yeah, right now thinks that cardboard 24 still dropping See what happens here. I'm pretty sure that thing should have been bleeding through Only had about two two or three of those go bad so far Not a lot too.  So This has been updated. So where's my leak? I'm wondering is it above the ceiling somewhere going all the way back to the back You just scan the outside which I'm gonna go back out there scan again, but I'm not seeing anything even there the only place we're getting a hit Right on that freaking cap. That's on super. Let's go to And go to parts for millions. Yeah big it is. Oh Wow That's pretty good size. Holy crap Yeah, that's pretty good size I don't know why seeper wasn't going nuts more than that. It's so cold out here. Everything's just Yeah, that's a pretty good size one Well shoot guys. I've completely scanned All that condenser coil front and back got all up inside here ran it with the fans off to drive the head up to 300 plus pounds and didn't get anything so That's the only place I've got it at spray that thing if I can even get it to bubble I think it's got to be pretty bad Luckily, this is pretty warm so it should Just go Mizzurco and that's with a hundred pounds of pressure on it so it's Definitely gonna leak out pretty fast We've got a bad Headmaster and we've got a low unit along with the bad defrost clock past the That's the goodies around right? Oh Okay, so what we ended up doing we put a T on there make sure we old all of our fittings before we tighten them up Tightened up that fitting there that's leaking wire tight it to here. This is all temporary I'll probably be back on Tuesday Wednesday something like that's my speculation All this kind of temporary otherwise I'd like to see you know, Romex connectors all that crap Right now what I did is I only broke one fan just to see where we're at I'm happy to block the fan off on the other one other side of the condenser to try to even get it up close to 90 and So I'm gonna have to break both fans. It's just too cold out here To really do much with it. Yeah, it's gonna dive right back down again. So we'll just break both fans But this is gonna get us by so I just tapped in there ran the one through and Did our thing but that's gonna dry it dive off sight glasses stay in full When I come back and change that head pressure control, I'm gonna chop that stupid Valve out of there that thing is just painting the heiny. There's no it's it's going by by Yeah, you can see we're flashing off. That's not gonna work being down here in the 70s So let's go ahead and get that both fans on there Got her wired up with both fans now Cycling on about a hundred and ten area and kicking off right around 90 So it's about a 20 degree swing don't I get too much cause the TXV to start hunting all over the place What I'm gonna do now is throw it in defrost. I'm gonna check my level in my receiver to see where I'm at it You don't hold a whole lot of liquid in these little coils far as the micro channel So I'm gonna make sure we got plenty. This is one of the few that we've got that actually has a solenoid at the evaporator So it's not gonna be as near an issue as some of them are when You know what? Look at that Look at the bubbles around the receiver. I Think that receiver is leaking Unless it's vibration, but that sure looks like that. That would make sense why all that Oil is down there That makes sense. I need to scan that receiver a little closer I think that suckers leaking I'm almost positive. It's leaking Sure seems like it. This also gives us a chance to see if it shuts off like it should Not that we really care if it's perfectly clean at this time of the year, but the condenser coil is clean And she's slowly Shutting off there at seven pounds. Let's heat that thing up and see what we're at Well, we can see here that the very very bottom is where the liquid is at so we're nowhere near full however, the system's gonna have to be recovered when I come back and I really don't want to have to recover more than what I Need to so I'm just going to leave it where it's at So we're staying solid on our sight glass and then we'll we'll charge it up all the way to 80% when we're done right now everything's secured And we should be good to go It should be dropping in there and like I said head pressure everything looks pretty good It can pump down. I'll be going into a defrost here and probably Three hours, which you know, it's it's not that big of a deal. We should be good then So what's gonna wrap this one up guys? If you enjoyed the video and you want to see more like it be sure to give it a thumbs up Don't forget to subscribe check me out on Instagram and Facebook and until next time. We'll catch you on the next one later


Yeah, I am in the cabinet office. This is the executive unit. Okay, cool. So I'd like to talk to you about the success of Taiwan in handling the pandemic. And I have to ask you first, the festival photos I've seen from Taiwan. I've seen like a crowd of people, people didn't even wear masks. Are these real? Yeah, these are real. These are not 2019 documentary footages. These are real people. And if you see them outdoors, they're not required to wear masks as long as they keep roughly one meter or two Shiba Inu distance from each other. But we do have our mask ready. So when it gets too dense or if it's on public transportation, then we do put them on. I like to describe you my normal day right now. If possible, I work from home. Many countries in Europe are experiencing a second lockdown. You are obliged to wear masks in Switzerland, restaurants, etc. are closed right now. Team sport isn't possible.  How does life look like in Taiwan right now? So we don't have a local transmission case in the past. I lose the count 230 days or something. And so we're post COVID for a very long time. So in addition to the mask availability and keeping some social distance, I think the main change is those thermometers. Like when I get into the cabinet building and into the legislature, there's still a thermometer measuring my temperature. But otherwise, life is normal. I mean, we just a few weeks ago have a pride parade with actually the inaugural transgender parade in Taiwan. The interesting part is, of course, the pride part, LGBTQ part. And it's a really large one, really successful. And mask has become a fashion item. I'm using a normal one, but I do have with me like rainbow, pink, other colors as well. That's awesome. So lots of people say Taiwan's an island, of course, and got lots of pandemic experience. If you'd like, probably like that one with stars 18 years ago. Is this your advantage today? Yes. Yeah, we are basically using the playbook that we collectively designed right after stars 1.0, as I call it, that basically we ask ourselves, we did so badly during stars 1.0, the municipal government saying completely different things from the national government, an unannounced, indeterminate lockdown of the Hoping Hospital, people rushing to buy N95 masks so the medical workers don't have them in enough supply. I can go on, but it was not the best of the days. And so after that, the constitutional court said that this unannounced lockdown in an indefinite amount is fairly constitutional. It would have been unconstitutional if we know that something like this would happen. So they charged the legislature to write a new design of the Act for Communicable Diseases Prevention for the Central Epidemic Command Center for all the sort of measures that you're seeing now and keeping it running in yearly drills. So everybody, above 30 years old, remember how traumatic it was. And when Dr. Lee went down from Wuhan in the whist of blowing, social media posts say SARS has happened again.  So yeah, I think this is more of a societal inoculation than anything. When have you heard of the new coronavirus? And when did you start preparing for it? Well, we started preparing for it since 2004. But to answer your question. To actually answer your question, I don't think many people understood how bad SARS 2.0 would be compared to SARS 1.0. We all eventually discovered it. But for me personally, I mentioned that SARS has happened again. Something like that has happened again. January denies a few days before the presidential election with some delegation journalist, I think, from Denmark. That's my personal, and I learned about it because of the bulletin posted by the Center of Communication Table Diseases, and they learned about it, I think, around December 31st. And there's health inspections for all the flights coming from Wuhan to Taiwan on the first day of January. Taiwan already sent an email to VHO on December 31st. That's right. But we didn't hear anything. So we started those health inspections the very next day. So what would you say? I mean, you already mentioned like measuring the fever every day and stuff like that. What would you say is the recipe for your success? How did you manage to control the virus, especially you as a... Yeah, very early on we understood that if three quarters of people wear the mask for the entire day and wash their hands properly, that alone three-quarter of people doing so will reduce the R-value to be under one. And the main problem of that was how to figure out a message that will... Sorry about that, go viral on social media and so on, to convince people to remind each other to wear a mask and wash their hands. And we eventually settled on a Q-spoke stuff that says, wear a mask to prevent yourself from your own unwashed hands. And that's a very good message. Have you ever had problems with people believing in conspiracy theories and who don't want to wear masks? Yeah, of course, yes. But as I mentioned, if the message was wear a mask to protect vulnerable people, wear a mask to show respect to your elderly or whatever. Any other message that talks about collectivism or altruism or about other things, that will run into this conspiracy theory, adversary or messaging. But on the other hand, if you say wear a mask to protect yourself against your own unwashed hands, you can't really counter that argument because it's just a self-reminder, more than anything. And that links mask use to hand sanitation.  That doesn't work, right? So which is why it's an effective message. I see. Taiwan quickly became a real role model. We even donated masks to the European Union when they were desperately in need. Angry the World Health Organization doesn't really recognize your success? Well, I think the main thing is about, I feel, sad that we had ministerial access earlier on. We could have saved people. I mean, Dr. Lee Wen Liang literally saved the Taiwanese people with a blowing in Wuhan. But his message didn't get to the people in Wuhan. His message was harmonized, quote unquote, harmonized in the beginning of the epidemic. And because of that, people in Wuhan still held very large gatherings, even when Dr. Lee Wen Liang already sounded the alarm. So he saved Taiwanese people but not necessarily people in Wuhan. And so had we had ministerial access, we could have saved other people. So you think the world would have been better prepared if you be a member of the World Health Organization? Well, you see the World Health Organization works with the contact points that are scientific contact points. And we do have access to those. But having scientific access is not the same as having ministerial access, unless your scientific authority, your country's author of epidemiology textbook happens to be your political authority like your vice president, which is the Taiwan case, right? When our epidemiology authority wants to convince the vice president, it just looks into the mirror. But unless you have such a configuration, we having access to the scientific community, the scientists in other countries, it does not mean that these are translated into ministerial actions. And so ministerial access is really important, and Taiwan has been excluded from those. You are the digital minister and digital minister with all the portfolio, which I haven't heard before really. So how can I imagine your role in that? So in the Taiwan Cabinet, there's nine ministers without portfolio, or as I prefer to call it, horizontal ministers. Without portfolio means that there is no ministry reporting to us. Rather, we work across ministries. So in my office, there's around a dozen or so ministries that have sent secondments to my office while retaining their original position, like Director General Section Chief within their own ministries. They form a kind of horizontal team that works on open government, on social innovation, and on youth engagement. And social innovation and open government in particular are key in countering the pandemic with no lockdown and infodemic with no takedown. So the idea of the horizontal leadership is that I don't order the ministries to do anything, but I make sure, for example, that the Ministry of Economic Affairs, when they're producing such masks, have a really good communication channel with the Ministry of Health and Welfare, which is in charge of working with the pharmacy to distribute those masks, or the ministries of science and technology, the National Development Council and so on, who all have their own open data analytics computing center and so on, and they can all work together with the civic technologists to ensure the real-time dashboards and participatory accountability, so that when you're queuing in a pharmacy, for example, you can check your phone and see the person queuing before you swipes their national health card and purchased, like, nine medical masks. We're increasing that to 10 per two weeks in the rationing scheme. You're handing out the masks for free or for, like, a really small fee, right? Yeah. Yeah. Currently, we are charging it, I think, per mask. It's 0.15 euros, which is not a large amount, but we're changing that to 11 cents euros, 0.11 euros per medical mask around the turn of the year now. So, yeah, it's very affordable. Even people who are of the lowest income strata can easily afford it, and it's fair. There's no stockpiling possible because you have to present your national health card. Did you have to compromise on anything regarding the measures in Taiwan for data privacy? No, because we don't collect any new data that we were not already collecting before the pandemic. We don't use the pandemic as an excuse to collect new data, period. Which data are you collecting all the time? For example, your cell phone provider, Telcos, already have the signal strength of your phone to the cell phone towers. So, using that signal strength, which they need to collect because they need to provide roaming service. So, using that data alone, your Telcos can know to a very coarse degree, like 50 meters at most radius where your phone is. And we use that to send SMS automatically for flood evacuation or for earthquake prevention, advance warnings, and things like that. And so the same system has been then repurposed to enforce the digital quarantine for people who choose stay at home quarantine instead of hotel quarantine. Their phone is then put into the digital quarantine so that if they break out of the quarantine radius or the phone runs out of battery, the Telcos will automatically send SMS not only to them, but to their local medical officers. So, isn't this quarantine not more or less like prison than in Taiwan? No, we call it digital fence. And this is highly accepted? Well, 91% of people approve of it. And we thank the 9% who convinced parliamentarians to hold an interpolation, a public hearing session. Because you see, we've never declared a state of emergency. So everything we do needs to be pre-approved by the parliament because our constitutional mode is continental, the same as the German mode. So anything that we in the administration do need to be interpreted in a way that is according to the law. And so the parliamentarians did this public hearing, the Department of Cybersecurity, which works as the information team in the Central Epidemic Command Center, explain exactly how the system works, how the Telcos process these data within the Telcos. They don't hand it to some other advertisers or some other private sector companies, how after the 14-day quarantine, the lock is rotated. I mean, the Telcos already rotate the lock anyway. So you will not get unwanted precision advertisement because of that. And also at the end of the day, this is really just about very narrow but very time-limited restriction of movement. And you can choose the hotel quarantine if you don't want the digital fence. And so after they explained this, the approval rate raised to 94%. Of course, we still thank the 6% for keeping us honest, accountable. Did Western leaders, especially from Switzerland, get in touch with you to learn from your example? Many medical officers, but I don't know whether they hold public office or not. There's a lot of collaboration epicenter to epicenter-wise in the public health sector. In particular, a few days before the World Health Assembly, we held our own kind of pre-assembly assembly. And I don't mean the recent one, the one that was during the height of the initial pandemic. And we made sure that we share with the 14 countries and economies, the Taiwan model. So I don't have personally a contact from a high school in Switzerland, but I'm aware that many researchers and academics and journalists are in active conversations with our CECC team. When you see what's happening in Europe from Taiwan, how do you see the European approach compared to your approach? Well, I mean, we've been there, right? We know how it felt like in the stars in 2003 and it was devastating. We didn't want to go back there, which is why we developed the Taiwan model. And so that is why we're contributing to international efforts by sharing first how we contained the initial outbreak in SARS-2.0, but also, more importantly, to make sure that we provide not only the PPEs, but also the know-how of making such PPEs. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs is very actively working with international counterparts to provide a blueprint that could build those automated plants that can churn out not only medical masks, but also surgical N95 and so on masks around two million a day on a almost entirely automated plant. And the importance of the medical grade is because it's very thin and lightweight, and it's far easier to wear all day as compared to other materials. Do you think Europe is too fixated on data privacy to handle a pandemic? I mean, it's really important to work to make sure that the data privacy and cybersecurity parameters are not encroached in the name of the pandemic. Like this, we fully support and which is why we don't collect new data in the name of the pandemic, which is why for contact tracing, for example, we rely mostly on traditional interviews and even for the nightlife district like hostess bars and host bars, we make sure that even though they have to provide a not to contact them or email, those could be through email or phone numbers. And those are kept on the record on the business side, which are shredded after four weeks, and they never have to copy that to the government. And so this is a decentralized way to maintain a possibility to contact in the case of outbreak without centralizing information, without over collecting things. And we do that out of, of course, the privacy first idea. And so I sympathize with those ideas. But I always need to emphasize it also that we can actually with current generation of technology instead of a forced dilemma between data usability on one side and privacy on the other. There are a lot of privacy enhancing technologies that can take care of both. But the problem is if you have those enrolled like our earthquake warnings and things like that, before the pandemic, then people already understand the privacy and cybersecurity parameters. So when we use that in novel innovative ways during the pandemic, or the National Health Card does another really good example that covers 99.99% of citizens and residents. And so these are IC cards and these, of course, have their privacy and cybersecurity concerns. So we have a law that said it can only be used for public service purposes. So people understood that already. And so because of that during the pandemic, when we use it in novel ways, but don't collect new data, people are okay with that. But having that norm set before the pandemic, very important. So would this be your advice for how Europe should prepare for the next pandemic? Exactly. We need all to prepare for SARS 3.0 or, I don't know, 2.1 preview or whatever. Right? Because the virus is currently hosted by a lot of people and which gives it a real possibility for mutation. And when it mutates in a kind of flu-like, seasonal flu-like way, many of our existing measures will have to be reconsidered and the vaccines may or may not catch up. And so a conversation when the vaccination for SARS 2.0 is hopefully generally available in the next half year or so. I think that's the really good opportunity as kind of a window of a conversation, much like our conversation after SARS 1.0 for the society to settle on the privacy and cybersecurity parameters. I've heard you have to tighten up some of the measures again. Which measures are you tightening up again and is this really necessary? Yeah, there is this winter and autumn idea, right, if that's what you're talking about. So what we're saying is that in clinics, public transportation, schools, exhibitions, religious ceremonies, public sector institutions, the nightclubs stuff, I'm probably missing one. But anyway, in one of those places it is then required to wear a mask. And if you don't wear a mask, then people will gently notice you to do so. And those places, some of them, most of them I think provide masks for you to use if you happen to forget one. And if they provide you with the mask and still refuse to wear it, then yes, I think you can be fined according to the new measure, I think up to €443. Whether that's necessary or not is a CECC question. I'm not an epidemiologist expert, but I think people are generally sympathetic with this measure. From your point of view, when you're looking back at the past 10 months, would you say the pandemic has been better or worse than you expected? SARS 2.0 is definitely worse than SARS 1.0. The asymptomatic transmission thing caught us by surprise. That's of course it caught everybody by surprise. And which actually is why mask and hand washing is even more important in SARS 2.0 than SARS 1.0. Because basically anyone, if they touch their own face, even if they have not interacted with anyone with any symptoms, is potentially vulnerable. So in that particular regard, SARS 2.0 is definitely worse than we initially expected when we hear about, oh, SARS has happened again in Wuhan in January. Did you finally get an invitation for the next VHO meeting? I don't think so. I'd like to talk to you about the next steps in the pandemic. So Europe is quite excited, and I think the US are as well, about the vaccines which are coming. Have you already developed vaccines yourself or have you bought some of the Europe ones? Yeah, we have developed our vaccines, and we're now seeking to get 20K volunteers in potential trials for the domestic vaccines. But we have also entered a COVAX arrangement, which you're probably already familiar about. But of course, COVAX, it has a formula that basically prioritizes places with higher pandemic rates. And so I understand by that formula, we may be the last one, or maybe just second to Antarctica. I'm sorry? Because you are doing so well. Exactly, exactly. Maybe next to Antarctica to perform so well. But still, I think we already have budgeted a lot of money, I think 400 million US dollars for the purchase of 1.5 million doses. And so that will protect our frontline medical workers and most vulnerable groups of people. And in any case, everybody else has physical vaccines. We already talked about the people who don't like to wear masks and who are against masks. Do you also have troubles with the anti-vaccine movement in Taiwan? I would say that because we built this as physical vaccine, and the acceptance rate is now 95%, if I'm not mistaken. So like way past those three-quarter mark for reducing the R-value to one-to-one. And so I would say judging by the recent seasonal flu vaccination, people are quite eager to get vaccinated against seasonal flu much more so than previous year. And so even though there may be people who are less enthusiastic about getting the biological vaccine, there are such people as long as these people are okay with washing their hands and the physical vaccine, I think we'll be doing okay. Great. My last question is quite a personal one. And please let me know if I'm violating any boundaries or something like that. I don't have boundaries. You can see my eyeglass. There's no boundaries. No borders. Sounds fine. Studies have shown, and I've written about that, that many leaders are better in handling the pandemic. To which extent does it play a role that Taiwan has a female head of state and that you are defining yourself as one? Finally. Well, I would say that the communication style is more empathetic. That really helps. Our minister, Chen Shizhong, has a way of just relating to any even the most outrageous questions and proposals with a degree of humor and humility. And so, for example, when a young boy called early April, mid-April, about when we're rationing our mask, you don't get to pick the color in. It just so happened that he got a rationed mask in pink. And so he caught saying, I don't want to go to school. All my classmates wear blue, and I'm the only boy that wear pink. My classmates will laugh at me. The very next day are daily CCC press conference. Minister Chen and all the medical officers, regardless of their gender, wore pink medical masks. And Minister Chen even said that Pink Panther was a childhood hero. So the young boy become not only the most hip boy in the class because he has the hero's mask color, but also the hero's hero's mask color. And so a lot of browns then just color their brand pink overnight. So pink for a while become the most fashionable color in Taiwan. So I would say this is a sign of a truly listening at scale, transcultural way of communication. And anyone can be a little bit more transgender by putting on pink medical masks. That's a very, very sweet story. So what do you think, what are your next steps in handling the pandemic? Are there still any obstacles or anything you need to do within the next months? What the vaccination, because the vaccine options that we currently have, each have their different logistic requirements because of temperature and so on that you're probably already familiar about. So we'll probably have to again use the national SD card to arrange a orderly logistic arrangement when it comes to protecting the vulnerable groups and the people that truly need to be vaccinated first. And that will be a logistic challenge, hopefully less so now that the storage technologies are improving. But we are preparing for those. Thank you very, very much, Audrey. That was the last question from my side. Is there anything we need to talk about? I think that's pretty much it. And so if I have a final message still, wear a mask to protect against your own unwashed hands from touching your own face. Thanks. I will wash hands immediately after the interview. Okay, cool. Thank you for your great questions. Thank you very, very much, Audrey.  Yeah, great. Awesome. Thank you. Cheers. Bye.