I wneud y llunio'r llunio'r llunio bwysig yw'r llunio'r llunio'r llunio'r llunio'r llunio'r llunio'r llunio'r hwyl yn y blynedd yn y golygu. Mae'n meddwl i'r bwysig o'r enthysydd ddod, o bobl yn credu'r cyfnodau sy'n holl yma ymgyrchau'r ffordd. Rydych chi'n golygu ar y cyfrifio? Mae mwynhau, ydw i'n gweld ychydig hwylion. If you just rely on policies, that's not going to change anything. Thank you so much for being here. This is certainly one of my favorite moments here being at Davos, having a conversation with this lovely woman. Thank you for sharing this space and sharing this moment to be here and certainly in a conversation that I certainly believe that there's much needed conversation. Again, thank you. My name is Gina Rosero. I'm a model, I'm a producer, I'm an out-and-proud transgender woman in the world, which is interesting that for so long, and certainly we will be talking about more of that story, about what had happened to me, my journey in coming out and what I'm doing now, but I am joined here with this incredible woman, Jill Aether. She's the chairwoman of Egon Zender. I want to frame this first, I think, in the context of what is happening now globally, especially as companies deal with so many different, as a multinational company, you deal with different contexts when it comes to LGBTI rights, how does it work if a company is very progressive in Western contexts and then they work in local contexts where countries does not fully support LGBTI rights. So we're really going to break those down. And I think there is a study that says that more than half of employees at this moment still, as much as we're having conversations about LGBTI rights, we see it more in culture, still more than half of employees chooses not to fully express their sexual orientation and gender identity at work. There is a 2017 UN AIDS study that basically says it will cost company $100 billion a year for companies that doesn't fully support. These are the costs when you don't support LGBTI rights. Also, I think it's important to have the context. Most of the time when people talk about global LGBTI rights, they usually talk about in many spaces just talking about that there's more than 70 countries all over the world that criminalizes homosexuality. But also, as a proud trans woman myself, I think what usually tends to get lost is a conversation of what happens when we don't talk about transgender rights as well. In many countries all over the world, trans people are not even allowed to exist, meaning most places all over the world there are no policies that could simply change a trans person's name and gender marker under legal documents. So these are the frameworks that we will be talking about. I want to first ask you, Jill, as a leader, as a chairwoman of what are, in your position as a leader, what are some of those moments in your journey that have created change especially when it comes to advocating for LGBTI rights? In Egon Centre we deal with leadership, so it's finding leaders and developing leaders in their teams. So clearly the topics of conversation have generally been about gender diversity. We all talk about more women on boards than in the workplace. And I think this is now becoming a conversation, but in many corporates the conversation has been about gender diversity or ethnic diversity. So I think what we're trying to do is help organisations have the right conversations. So what I would say is if you think about global organisations today, they know that when they're doing the spec for the role that they have, they might say gender. Very, very occasionally they say ethnicity. I have never, in all the time I've been, 23 years in this industry, never had a client say to me, please bring transgender LGBTI to the table. And part of that is difficult, and it's difficult in our industry because LGBTI can be open and very obvious, but actually many times it's invisible, even if they have come out. And so it's quite difficult for us and in the industry you cannot record someone's sexuality and gender mock-up on computers. So you're stuck, you can't search for it. So it's quite a complicated thing for our industry to deal with, but I remember back firmly to my very first year with Egon Zender and the partner who mentored me was a senior partner in New York and he was openly gay and he was probably the best mentor I've ever had. And during that first year I hired two LGBT candidates and to me it was just, well, that's pretty normal. But if I think of the conversations that I've had subsequently, I think a lot of leaders really struggle to know how to have the conversation. They get confused by the terminology, they get embarrassed that they don't know enough and many leaders love to know everything, which is not a recipe for success today. But when they don't, it brings a barrier between. So I think there's a complicated issue for leadership. I like what you said about having the initial partner that you've had and what that meant for you. For me personally, when I moved to New York City, I was born and raised in the Philippines. When I moved to New York City in 2005 I wanted to pursue a modeling career and context is everything. I made the decision in 2005 to go big or go home. You move to New York City if you want to be a fashion model. But at that time there was not an out-trans fashion model. It was not allowed. So you could imagine what that presented for me. Yes, I had a dream. I was born and raised in the Philippines. I had this big thought like I'm going to make it in New York City. I made the decision to actually not share to my model agent that I'm trans. So for about seven years I was a fashion model and my model agent did not know I was trans. Yes, it was amazing that I was working. I was living my dream. I grew up in a tiny little alley in the Philippines. Here I am in New York City in covers of my family. I live in New York City in covers of magazine. But you could imagine the implications of almost always trying to limit myself and fully expressing myself. I'm working in fashion. This is an industry that is the most visual. It's an industry that's all about the power of visibility but I was not being seen. I had that deep understanding that and always questioning when am I going to be allowed to come out because it was not allowed the fashion models, the transgender fashion models that came out. The ones who basically paved the way for me when they got outed their careers disappeared. So certainly there's progress that have happened, right? But still in many places around the world working environments and multinational companies, many challenges. I want to ask you what are some of the challenges that you face in implementing whether it's in the local context in the environments that you work at especially when it comes to implementing policies advocating for LGBTI rights? Yes. Well, I think many companies are going down the road of having the right policies. In fact, I was speaking to one CEO yesterday who's got 100 on the index. He's really proud of it. But he said it feels a little bit insincere because all we have are the right policies there in 80-something countries. But having the policies alone is not enough. So I think really what we need is to be able to have the language for people to tell stories for people to feel safe to be their whole selves when they come to work. And you really only get that by creating a safe, engaging environment where there's curiosity about everybody and there's empathy and more a deep humanistic view of the world. If you just rely on policies, that's not going to change anything. You might get a tick in the box and that looks good but that really doesn't. I think it could really just go so far. And it's funny you're saying that because personally when I decided to finally tell my story to the world when that emotional toll that I was feeling of loneliness that I felt that thinking that is this it for me? Is it really it for me? I decided to tell my story to the world. I gave a TED talk in 2014, a talk that changed my life. I knew that I wanted to make this bigger. And you're saying about policy because I knew that growing up in the Philippines a lot of places all over the world there are no policies that would support trans rights specifically. And then for the next two years I worked with the United Nations. I was lucky enough to have worked with President Obama's State Department, USAID. The big global bodies that are working on these issues. But most of the time I would find myself in a room about big policy decisions that concerns LGBT. I rights globally and I'm usually the only trans person in the room. Anybody that's been felt a third, I'm sure we've all gone to those moments where we're like yes this may be great but also at the same time what's lacking is those new ones. Like nothing like a statistic is great to have statistics and reports but I think what usually gets lost are those stories. And you point that out because there are people behind those statistics. When we talk about how many percent of people being discriminated I think what's really truly important is to go deep into those nuances and those stories. And I wonder if you could share some of those stories that some employees that you've worked with that have shared their stories or maybe even some progress that when you all have implemented LGBTI rights in your company what are some of those stories I think that was so critical that you've learned from? At Econzando we have several transgender LGBT leaders in the firm and that's fantastic because it means we've got role models and if you don't have role models it's really difficult so we would love to help more people, leaders that we deal with around the world to be able to tell their story.  So the moment we're on a journey to interview 50 leaders around the world who are out and proud of it and help them tell their stories so that more people feel that they can do it. So yes we're helping on policies but more than that we think it's about storytelling which is what you've said. One of those stories and he's very happy for me to mention him is Dolph who is CEO of Staple Solutions. He came out after school then he got a job and realised he was ambitious and decided that he was not going to do that anymore and so really sort of hid it from the wild until one night working late one of his colleagues came up to him and said what are you going to tell us Dolph about who you really are? Because that's who we want to see. You can only be authentic as a leader if we know who you are. Subsequently he said he went back into the closet is how he described it and then came back out and led a turnaround a business that was about to fail and he says now that if he hadn't been his whole self there's no way that he would have come through that journey because you haven't got the energy and the time to pretend to be anything other than who you are and it creates empathy and this is one of the reasons that he goes on and on while we think if you're looking for courageous leaders if you're looking for leaders who can really engage at an emotional level and be empathetic and purus about other people this is a brilliant talent pool and why would we not go for that? Certainly and it's almost alluding to the fact that there's literally an economic cost if you don't allow employees to be fully themselves and the empathy that you mentioned is critical and it's kind of also covering this notion of representation it's so critical I have a production company I produce stories about LGBT people transgender youth, people of color for me at a moment in time when for so long I was not allowed to be myself and the moment I came out and all of a sudden there was this big shift on my mindset that all of a sudden I want to do everything I could do everything right and that one simple mind shift of because I'm not allowed to be fully myself and the work that I do having a production company it is so critical for me that when I'm producing a story as a producer is that the people or the stories that I'm telling also represents the people behind the scene and what you've mentioned about having more people tell their story it's just so powerful and I travel the world speaking about obviously LGBTI rights, trans rights and people always tell me why do you want to continue telling this story why do you want to continue telling your story what kind of challenges that you face if people don't agree with you I always tell them I'm telling my lived experience my personal story how could you deny a person of their personal story you're really quite an evil human being if you're denying the person of a personal story so it's a great equalizer in that sense but certainly the realities in many places is still not allowed and I want to get to that point currently we live in a very global environment as we've talked about earlier global LGBT rights are in conversations we see it more and more what happens especially in your case in some of the initiatives that you've supported what happens let's say for example a company that works in western context let's say in the US based company and having maybe like 100% in their equality index but they operate in a country that doesn't support LGBTI rights there is that conflict it's a big conflict so for you what are some of those HR policies and resources that you would implement or some of projects that you've implemented through that well if you're a company and you have the right policies but you're operating in a company where actually it's illegal or even death penalty it's hard to imagine your policies will not protect those employees but being in an organisation that you know has the right policies and is international also gives you the opportunity to move elsewhere and sadly to say I think that is more of what happens because those policies are not enough to protect if a country's law is so abusive and it's almost in a way finding that perfect balance because you want to create that safe space in your places I was having a conversation with being here you're engaging in whether you're in a whole way having the deeper conversations about policies or storytelling I remember having this conversation with someone about okay I'm a transgender woman I now live in the United States but I was born and raised in the Philippines in the Philippines trans people you still can't change name and gender marker in your legal documents Philippines is dominant in outsourcing business and I always ask that question how does that apply for a trans person that's an employee let's say a multinational company that supports LGBTI rights but then she's working in the Philippines and then her ID she can't change her name and ID how is she going to be addressed this is a question that's positing to everybody there's not an easy solution I understand that but it's always that perfect balance and the person I was speaking to basically said alluding to what you said you have to find that perfect balance because yes at the work environment you want to create that safe space for people to be who they are but the moment they leave work it's a sad reality and it's a sad moment that one could only hope that we should continue this fight because in a global context we're talking about the livelihood of people we're talking about how it's connected to the economic output of a country and here we are at Davos I'm sure we're all having this incredible conversation I want to hear from you what are some of those conversations that you're hearing here about LGBTI rights or especially within the global context I mean firstly I think it's great that the WEF is having this panel and I think there's a second one this week and that's pretty new here and I would applaud the WEF for doing that but these are conversations we have to have if we were at the women's dinner last night up on the mountain it was beautiful and some of us were talking about the illusion of inclusion and I thought that was a wonderful term because you can have all the policies in the world so I would still advocate going for the policies don't get me wrong but don't think it's done when you've got the policies and that illusion of inclusion I think is really a good concept hold on to and I think the leaders that we work with we're just trying to get them to have a higher sense of consciousness in the world whether that's about what we're doing for the planet what we're doing about LGBTI about gender diversity, ethnic diversity but inequalities in the world so we need leaders who have that capacity that sensibility to have any of these conversations and to want to make a difference and we've had people coming on our programmes a CEO programme so we've had some LGBT participants which has been fantastic but we've also seen that you can change leaders in quite a short period of time if you break down all of the barriers that we've all built up over years of being leaders and sort of shed all of that to say no, we're all humans here we have to have compassion and empathy and curiosity about each other and we have to be willing to build the engagement engagement and inclusion go hand in hand in organisation so that's the journey we're on with leaders that's a really great point I'm going to start using that the illusion of inclusion thank you and then we do want to have those conversations how are we going to do it you know there is a report that they read that the World Economic Forum released that it would take 257 years in this current state to achieve gender parity and I look at that obviously thinking about wow and I would love to firmly believe that this is why conversations about LGBTI rights about gender fluidity about gender spectrum because I think at the core of that study of I believe 257 years of gender parity and usually within that context we're talking about gender parity from a gender binary standpoint and what also comes with that is this gender binary a woman is expected to be a certain way having conversations can a woman be president we shouldn't really be having that conversation but it's within its couch and again I would like to pause it, argue my position said this is why we need to continue the conversations about gender fluidity to truly understand that gender is truly within the spectrum I mean for so long we've been led to believe that gender is just this you're only supposed to be that you're only supposed to be this way and it's held us back why we have that 257 years and they just want to continue that conversation and if you have a wish for next year or if you could do one thing here we have the power, you're too powerful women you're having a conversation one thing that you would do oh just get more people to tell their stories and if it's people, leaders in senior positions all the better because then it goes to other people who want to be that whole sound the role models and the permission to do that and to show that gender fluidity and be proud of it so the more storytelling the more people who can then feel comfortable to come out would be fantastic you're a role model and an inspiration thank you well I think we should definitely continue this conversation and if we will continue the conversation we could answer more questions but I think the close out is thank you for being here I love having a sit down conversation before we entered here and we just felt like for a moment oh we're just going to be a little in a little couch connected here but I love this conversation and I think what you said about how much it truly means both not just in corporate environments, not just in policy it's like the need for those stories each one of us have those and we're looking for that nuance and yes we cover policies but it's the story that matter and we want to thank you all for joining here really truly appreciate that and we will continue the conversation thank you so much thank you all


Hopefully, that's recorded, because I've got something up on the screen, so I can't actually see what we've got going on. We'll trust it. All right. We were looking at this simple gizmo yesterday, it was just a triangular support holding a simple 30 pound or 30 kilo Newton load at the end there. We were going beyond what we always used to do to get us through the statics part. All we did in statics was figure out what the forces were in the members and it was good enough at that. Now we're in a portion in this general topic where we need to determine what materials, how much of the material, what shape of the material we need to use in these structures to make sure that those loads that are in each member are supportable by that material. We finished up yesterday, I believe, we had just found the stress in the member B, C. Let's see, if I remember, that was A, B, that was C, right? That was B, is that how we labeled them? B is a B. So B is down here. So we had just found out, just determined what the whole stress was in that diagonal member B, C. No reason other than we got to start with one, so we started with that one. Do you remember how we defined this term normal stress at the end yesterday? How do we find normal stress? F over A, where that F is what force? It's that force felt down the member. It's the type of thing we looked at when we were looking at the shear moment diagrams last year. It's the force in the member itself, along the member that it's feeling. Maybe we could have labeled that then the force in B, C. We found that from a free body diagram on this point P. That was just a very simple thing to do. That way we got the load to tell us what the forces were in each of the members. What is that area? It's very important to use the right area. If you don't, you're not going to get the stress right. You're not going to get the rest of the design right. What was that area that we used in there? It's the cross-sexual area. This member B, C is a circular member, which you can tell because of the break in the diagram. It's got that kind of shape to it. That's an engineering designation that we've got an imaginary cut through a circular member. That diameter was given as, what, 20 millimeters? We, of course, then can find the area from pi r squared, where, of course, r is 10 millimeters. We came up with that, I believe. It was 314 times 10 to the minus 6 meters squared. The force in the member was, I remember, 50 kilonewtons. Then we know that the stress is simply the force that is being supported by that member itself divided by the area that is doing that supporting. Remember, this is the cross-sexual area, so that whatever force is in this member is perpendicular to that cross-sexual area. And so we finished up just coming up with 159 mega-pascals. What's a Pascal? It's what? Newton per square meter. A matter of convenience. If you don't want to use Pascal, if you want to leave it in Newton per meter squared, no sweat on a big deal. Pascal's not going to take the insult that you intend for or have by ignoring that. It's just a matter of convenience. But if you want to ignore it, you can. If we're doing this in English units, you will most likely come across PSI. And since those are English units, there's no one to honor what a special unit there is between those PSI. Also, as a possibility, remember, we're doing some pretty large numbers here. That's why we're already a mega Pascal. We might see KSI, which is what the K stands for there. In this case, remember, we're in English units. So it's, well, it actually is. It's kind of a mix of SI nomenclature with English units. This is a kilo-pound. So a KIP takes a kilo-pound, 1,000 pounds. You can never figure out why the abbreviation for pounds is LB. I have no idea where that comes from. So don't blame me for that. All right. If I remember, that's where we got to. We've just come up with this number here on yesterday's class. The end of yesterday's class, right? That's where we finished. All right. What we can do now that we couldn't do before is we can start to determine what material should we choose that can maintain that type of stress. Now that we are actually sizing the object, we can make sure that we get a material that will hold that stress. So if you have your book here looking to open the back cover, if you don't have your book here cozy up with someone who does, introduce yourself. I know there's 200 people in here today. I already got something. I can't. This is for you at least. All right. What we have in the back of the book, average mechanical properties for typical engineering materials, which are just what you might think they might be. We go down, cast iron, steel. We go all the way down into concrete and woods. The types of things you would expect us to build stuff out of. This is mostly a class on how to build structures that are strong enough to remain static, to not accelerate it any time. And so we can start to look, this first page I have happens to be in the SI unit. So if we go down to the lower page, if I can do it, then we have the very same materials just now listed in SI units. And if we go over, we start to see things like the yield strength. We'll define these specifically, shortly, but you can start to see that now we have some limits we can start looking at. We know we need to have a material that can withstand at least 160 megapascals. So we don't want to pick any material that these numbers, even when we're not sure what these numbers mean, you can tell by the wording we got to stay within here somewhere. We certainly don't want to start thinking about any materials where the sheer numbers we have here are well above the sheer numbers on this chart here. For example, way down here we have a 90 for tension. This material is in tension. So we would not want to make this out of plastic reinforced glass, fiberglass of some kind. It's just we could not make it. We'd have to use a lot more of the glass than we want to in the design here. For some reason we are limited to a 20 millimeter diameter as part of the design. So we need to pick a material where only 20 millimeters of that material will be able to support this filling 50 kilonewton load. Any other material below that's going to fail. Those are the type of decisions we're going to start making this term that we never made before. So if you take a quick look in the book, let's see, maybe steel. This object sort of looks like steel anyway. We're talking about yield strength somewhere around 200 megapascals. That's a little bit above here. When you go to design these type of things, depending upon what the use is, you might want to pick a material that's got a stress limit, maybe double of what you expect to be in there. So there's a factor of safety. That allows for assumptions you need to make that sometimes approximate answers. It allows for manufacturing irregularities that occur, whether it's the production of the steel or the production of the member itself. You want a factor of safety in there. You don't ever want to pick a material that just barely gives you what you need. You're too close to the edge there. You're too close to the chance of failure. Remember, these numbers that are in here are statistically determined. They take a thousand samples, and these might be the published averages, which means there are going to be a lot of them above that and a lot of them that are below that. Maybe you'll get a little more for your money, but maybe you'll have too little for what you paid for or you're going to be under. So you need to build in a factor of safety, and we'll use that kind of thing as we go along here, as we go through this. So that was our first calculation of the shear stress in that member. We're not done with that member yet, because as you look at it, you know that we looked at it, we looked at, and I don't see this thing supposed to show up there on the screen. Why isn't that working? Then what's this for? It's not going to work. Okay, I don't know what. All right, we're having technical difficulties. We're not going to delay with a point here. Back to the document camera. We looked at the shear stress along this cylindrical part through the center. We just took a diner across there, figured out what the area was, figured out what the stress is through that piece. There might be somewhere in this piece where there's actually less area available for the support, and we need to concern ourselves with that. If you look up at the piece up here, it's a larger piece. There's generally more structure available there, because that piece is now 40 millimeters in one direction, and only 20 millimeters in the other, but then it's got that big hole through it. So we need to look also at other places like that to determine are those places where there's actually less material available for the support of this 50 kilonewton load. So if we look at that one piece up there, we've got this sort of set up there. I'm sure you want to put technical freelance sketching and we'll be able to do amazing things like this at the board. We have the cross-sectional area here that we've already calculated what the stress is across that area.  We don't need to actually recalculate the stress there, but we do at least need to see what the area is. If the area is less than it is here, then the stress is going to be greater at that point. The load will be the same. If the area goes down, the stress goes up. That's a pretty easy area to recalculate. We have a piece that's... What is it? That's 40 by 20. Is that right? Is that how you read in that diagram? Bless you. But we've taken out some material for the hole. This is a 25-millimeter hole itself. So we have to subtract from that how much area is in the hole, taken out by the hole, which is 25 millimeters by 20 millimeters. Is that how you read it? You see it in the diagram. Maybe if we look at this in perspective, that's terrible. We're not going to work with that. We're going to have to wait until the end of technical freeing, sketch, and manual. Anyway, what we're looking at is just the cross-sectional area. It still needs to withstand that 50-kilometer load, just like the main member itself did. How much area is available with this portion? 14 times 10 to the minus 6 meters squared. Half of it? Well, you can do just one of those holding 25 kilonewtons, half a load, because the other half's over here, or you can do both the areas holding the whole 50 kilonewtons. It's the same number. What area I have calculated here is the total area here, so I can compare it to the total area there to see if we have more material or less material in support right there. 300 squared? 300 millimeters squared. Or, as we already know from yesterday, that's 300 times 10 to the minus 6 meters squared. We actually have a little bit less material there. Then we did down the length of the member through the center. So this becomes a greater concern because there's more normal stress in that area than we had down through the middle of the member. And you need to check that at all the other places as well. The other end of this bracket tends to look very much the same. And so you're not going to be concerned about that, but you also then have to go to each of the other members as well as the attaching points themselves, which also have to be picked out of some engineering material and designed to an appropriate area. And so this very simple problem that we dashed off in a few minutes in statics last year now becomes much more involved in engineering problem as all things would because all of these things need to be engineered just as much as any of the others. There are other concerns beyond just what the stress is. This is, if you remember, a member intention. If you look at the chart in the book, you'll notice that all of the materials have values for tension and values for compression. For many of the materials, these numbers are just the same. For example, this first number is aluminum. It's the same intention as it is in compression as are most of the engineered metals, the alloys, copper, magnesium, and steel alloys, titanium alloys. When you look down at some of the other ones, give it a second to focus, you see that some of these numbers down here are very different. For example, it's hard to get the whole thing on the chart. This is the value for wood in tension very much lower than this value here which is wood in compression. The very same thing we talked about yesterday, that wood in general is terrible in tension but excellent in compression, which is why the depth you might build this summer, you put wood posts there, it's easy to get, it's easy to work with, and it's very good in compression, so you would use that for your support posts on your deck, but you wouldn't hang the deck from an upper store using wood supports because wood is so bad in tension. One tenth of the strength in tension that it is in compression. So we also need to look at this bottom member and what kind of compressive stress is in it and then make sure it too we choose an appropriate design for it too. We already have a design area specified from this problem. What we don't have though is a particular material chosen. So what's the stress in that horizontal piece? And don't forget there's a couple possibilities. Notice that this piece is rectangular in cross-section through the main part. At this end it maintains that same cross-section but now has a hole through it again. At the other end it drives out into a y-shaped yoke of some kind so there's actually more material at this end than there is at the far end so you need to look at all of those parts all of those places to determine what the stresses are in those pieces. So just for a quick practice on your part determine the normal stress in that member AB both through the rectangular center what the stress is over here where the pin has been put through to hold the two pieces together that we're a quick but there's a different area at each of the two points we're talking about even down at the farther piece. Remember to pay attention to in these problems and make sure you document it on your work whether we're talking about tension or compression at any one spot. Load in there was 40 kilonewtons area through the center here you're fairly simple engineering drawings but more involved than we ever had to look at in statics last fall 30 by 50 millimeters squared through that rectangular center part two meters remember you have to square that conversion factor because the unit is squared itself don't give us the same units we have back here but you have that stress yet through the center part so I don't give it to me I don't see if you can agree to put duty she's fastest of all obviously there's going to be less area down here at this end A so it's going to be a point of concern what do we have for the normal stress in the center of the member AB DJ what you have you said 26.7 megapascals everybody agree with that I don't agree with that either three things I need to hear on this type of no I need of course the magnitude I agree with the 26.7 what else do I need we're already struggling with that is it megapascals or is it kilopascals that it's megapascals be careful with this you mess that up that's a factor of a thousand that your company is either going to over pay for you're going to end your engineer the object, the structure we okay that would be right that's what you guys you get the 26.7 megapascals Pat you're okay be very careful with these units we're going to be working with some very big numbers and some very small numbers in this class and they have to be right you can't be within a factor of a thousand and count that is okay pay attention because I said I need three things with these kind of numbers I only have two I have the magnitude and I have the units what's missing I need to know whether it's compression this is almost a vector this is like a one dimensional vector we need to know is this compression or tension in this subject you can either just write compression or you can put a minus sign I have trouble with that because it's just easy to forget what's minus and what's plus whereas when you write compression there's no question that that material this is a compressive stress we're calculating here if this is made of steel that's not a concern we've already seen from the tables that for the most part the stress the ultimate stress of these materials is the same tension and compression but we'd have to look at that for other types of materials let's move on to another part of this design that we need to worry about as long as we're okay with this before I clear the board it's a fairly straightforward calculation however as we're seeing there are little things that you can get in there either unit problems direction problems if you're not paying attention to whether it's tension or compression also you need to make sure that you calculate the right the correct area in any of these another type of part we have to look at for example if we look at the pin that's in up at the the corner C the pin itself we have a 25 millimeter diameter that symbol is is often used to designate diameter 25 millimeter diameter pin it's got a contact with the member CB if you remember it's that's intention so there's a 50 kilonewton force on that pin the member CB that is supporting it's attached to the wall with the bracket that must be pulling back some force itself should be pretty apparent by how much it has to pull back as well 50 kilonewton a little bit of a couple formed here but it's not significant it may be part of why at some of the other brackets for example the one down at point A is a U shaped bracket so it helps eliminate the couple that's formed by these two offset forces but that's probably not very much to be of great concern what is of greater concern is the fact that this pin if we imagine a cut across here we've got the 50 kilonewton load being exerted by the member BC there what's resisting that load at this imaginary cut but the ability of the material to withstand shear that shear 50 kilonewtons itself if it's going to withstand a 50 kilonewton shear that is in the pin this is a very very different form of stress on that pin P sorry pin C than we had inside the member CB itself that was a normal stress this is a shear stress for what the symbol is for shear stress what? Tau used to these different symbols if you want put a little C on it there because we have other places where there's shear stress we need to be concerned with so you need to make sure you're keeping all these things straight how is it defined how do we find the shear stress sure check your notes that's why we keep them it's the shear the load being resisted divided by the area doing that resistance very similar calculation of what we just had the normal stress it's just a different force goes into it but it's still that cross-sectional area that is resisting that force so we we know what the shear stress is it's 50 kilonewtons and the area is that cross-sectional area where the radius is one half of that diameter 25 millimeters so calculate that real quick we have the area so double check that 21 times 10 to the minus 6 meters squared that's good so that's all similar units to what we had before so whatever that calculation comes out to be we'll know the units go with it two megapascals is that sufficient for the answer for this problem and specifically for this material steel direction makes no difference it's an isotropic material meaning that its properties are the same in all directions that's not at all true with wood because of the grain that grows in wood the properties can be very different across the grain than they are along the grain which is why it's always very important when you're building something well you don't even think about it because when you go to buy a 2x4 for building a structure it's always with the grain running along the along the the board it'd be a little difficult to get an 8 foot board with grain running perpendicular to it but with a diameter tree there aren't many of those left so it's partly the length but as we'll see in starting in a couple weeks it's very important that for most of the structural uses of wood that the grain actually run along the length of it to do what it needs to do so we don't have a directional component on this with steel and not with the shear in this case so the answer of 102 megapascals is sufficient not so with the normal stresses we need to know whether we're in tension or compression with each of those calculations now if a member of CB that could go through a shear stress could it the member itself well not not quite true if you look at the ends there might be some some shearing here as this part is being pulled this way but this part is all trying to pull it back there might be a worry of shear failure back across that where the island itself just rips out there's even another concern we need to look at in that area what we're going to do as well we'll get to in just a second so as you're learning as you get you're only in your second year here as you get through the four years and then maybe graduate school in a couple years experience it gets more and more involved the more you go along which is why not any dope on the street can become an engineer what's called single shear there's only a single place where we're worried about the shear occurring we don't have to look at any other part of it we do have a place in fact there's more than one where we have a pin in double shear if you look down at pin A same diameter pin probably cut from the same stock material that pin C was there's always an engineering advantage a cost advantage an efficiency advantage if you've got a bunch of pins in a thing if they're all exactly the same it makes manufacture a lot easier you don't have people putting these things together and they have to select specific pins for each one they can just grab a pin and put it on and it makes mass production a lot easier so as we look at pin A it's got the same diameter as C did remember now that we have the member AB in compression we had 40 kilonewtons 40 kilonewtons coming from the member AB there which must be resisted by the contact with the bracket itself other things being equal we know that those two forces being supported by the bracket are being supported by the pin because of the bracket these must be 20 kilonewtons each so you can immediately tell that the shear in the pin A is going to be much less than was the pin in shear C the load is less actually sorry that we don't want 40 kilonewtons there do we we want 20 kilonewtons because we have the area that those forces being supported over two places so we have the same area path the load you can also look at it as the whole load being supported by twice the area and you get the same number either way so we have a center portion of pin C sorry pin A is in double shear stress is being felt by pin A you know why you're faster than me because you're not using your cell phone you've got a real calculator now it makes a difference because for one thing you stop accidentally dialing your brother you're actually doing a calculation so what do you get for the the shear stress experienced in pin A what do you have Speedy alright that's what I have 40.8 remember no directional component for this you're making all of these pins out of the same stock material you have to design for this shear because whatever supports that she was going to support this one more than enough but it may be cheaper for you to just make all the pins out of the same stuff even though you're well over the support criteria for this pin based on this concern over here but you have to look at each of the pins individually so that's an example then of double shear there's also a big concern in the design of what's going on here at pin B this one's a bit more complicated than the other two because there's a lot more going on here at pin B just to help draw in the perspective there the diameter of that pin is the same you can see it up here in this diagram that the pin A is sorry pin B is also 25mm in diameter but we have several other things going on we have the member CB coming down in the center then we have the Y shaped yoke of A B and then we also have the hanger for the weight itself all of those are exerting forces on that pin B at different places so we've got this center section where the load is coming in from the member BC maybe I'll draw it coming in like that remember BC is in tension so as the pin pulls down on BC BC pulls back up on pin B then we have this double yoke of the member A B so maybe I can draw that like that's a horizontal thing so I'll put those two there maybe always somewhat difficult to do things in three dimensions remember there is an angle here of that below the horizontal and then we have the the hanger itself holding 30 kN but it's doing so over two places so we might draw those like that maybe that's the best we can do with that sketch is that a bit of what everybody sees in there going on at pin B and so in each one of these interfaces between the loads we need to figure out what the shear is and you need to do each one of those to determine where the concern is we already had a limit of two megapascals on one of the pins we need to make sure that one of these places is not a greater concern just for illustration we'll take a look at this bottom one down here that end piece that has a 15 kN load there and we'll throw in the 20 kN load we're looking at not this interface but this third one third one here there must be a shear at face that withstands that load that's 20 kN this is 5 kN then should be able to do a fairly quick calculation to see that the shear must be 25 kN back there again this happens to form a 3, 4, 5 triangle the shear stress at that point is the 25 kN over the cross-sectional area that's withstanding that shear which was the same as it was for all the other pins 1 times 10 to the minus 6 meter square and so the shear stress expected there something like 51 megapascals well less than the 102 we found the first pin we looked at I think it was pin C we looked at first but as part of the engineering design you decide should we go with a smaller pin here save some on material or is it better to have all the pins be exactly the same material and just not have to worry about it mostly it would depend on whatever the structure happens to be and probably depends on how many you're making millions it's probably worth it that all the pins are the same and you just don't threaten that concern to worry about other things if you're only making if this is a custom job and every part of it is custom made then maybe each of the pins should be custom sized for a particular load they need to stand so we have one other quick type of thing we'll have to look at this on Friday problem and then we can start on to other parts of it one more type of stress to actually look at with this example you might want to if you don't want to carry your book every day you might want to at least photocopy the inside back cover so you have these numbers with you we're going to be dealing with those numbers a lot well we don't need them yet but you might want to later do the inside cover too


All right, I think I have all those adjustments up there done And as it puts something at the bottom so all that doesn't fall off No this one goes this way I Need a paper clip All right, I don't have a paper clip, which is what I wanted. I have a spring This I want a paper clip because it's not heat treated Easier to bend and get it to stay where you want Spring is springy it bounces back You see a paper clip you'll know what I'm talking about. I don't have any in my house I'm sure there's one in my house somewhere Yeah, it's hiding somewhere All right, that's on there a little bit loose. I might need to put another washer in there Yeah, I have to put another washer in there Yeah Whatever though, that's good enough for the moment Not entirely sure what this mystery motor is but Four and a half volts Sounds good So slow That is super strong though Yep Make it strong Yeah That's gonna walk really slow. That'll be like Okay, let's start the step and then this will be one step and then this will be two steps I Remember when I made this I made lots of gearing options One of the options is I think what I actually end up doing was instead of Running from this gear End up putting the motor over here and ran it straight against this one which speeds it up By whatever ratio these gears are.  So it's still touching this gear Yeah, still touching still get good contact. It just moved it, you know kind of along the edge of that gear But now it should be close enough to the motor It's a little bit too close.  If I put a bigger motor after I don't know. Anyway, it fits So I think it's strong enough and fast enough So we'll go with that. All right This is the third version of this piece Hopefully I've got all the modifications done Luckily my son has lots of jobs to do with the the old pieces Check it out a little motor Holderizer Alright Yep, gotta take a quick break to see if this works. Okay back to robot parts Um Oh, that is awesome Fits in there nice and snug Not too hard to get in. Oh so good I think that's it. I did end up taking one of the gears out. So I put a little more grease in there It moved out a bit Now that I've got these parts the way I want them I'm putting lithium grease in everything as I put it together Oh, so yeah, I was going to do six rollers, but I don't know Let's do three Because I can use the other three holes for screws then hold it together Well, they look like they might be all right for that job. Yeah Let's drill them out a little bit to fit. I think the steering is all in there right Hopefully this That could definitely move faster, but That's pretty good Oh, I see Before I made an adjustment I actually filed The gears to be a little shorter So they fit in the previous one But on this one I gave them a bit more space so they don't need to be filed down I think I have another set. Yeah, I have another set that I haven't filed yet. I'll put those in here


All right. Well, good morning, everyone. I think everyone can hear me. I hope I think it's a it's 1001 So we've got enough people here. Maybe we can get started. All right. I'm told you can all hear me Well, first of all, thanks very much for joining me today So to learn a little bit about pi MT. I'm just going to give you a very brief description of pi MT today And maybe in some future Webinars we can get a little bit more into the details So pi MT is a CSD mess is Python modeling toolkit it used to actually form the Backend to what we call the the web modeling tool which was basically a graphical interface that users could use to To run models into couple models But we decided we tried to clean that up and bring it out and expose it to the community So developers and model users can run models directly through Python and through a an interactive environment so most of this presentation is going to be based on the documentation page for pi MT and Let's see. So mark actually if you're paying attention, maybe can you put the link in the in the chat? It's pi MT Dot read the docs dot IO and this would be the place that you would go to for all things related to pi MT And so before we continue As you probably know CSD mess well used to be housed at University of Colorado, but recently we moved into Hogwarts and so today I'm coming to you from the Great Hall at Hogwarts So it sounds a little echo-y. I apologize So I'm going to take you through first of all the documentation page here and Take you through some useful links that we have And these are to the left under useful links So I'll start from the bottom here The first thing is the issue tracker So we'd recommend that if you have any questions Any feature requests you find any bugs you want a new model to be introduced into pi MT This would be the place you would go You can also send me an email directly or CSD message email directly But we'd rather you go there So if I click on the issue tracker You can see it'll take us to github And to to file a new issue you just have to click the green button And then fill out the issue You could label it as a bug a Question you know an enhancement if you want to add a new some new a new model Or you'd like us to add a new model So that would be the place to go this would allow especially for bugs or if you run into any problems Other people can also see the issues so that they can So if you fix that they can look to you to your solution to fix their problem As I just showed you pine teas also and on github as is all CSDM software So this is the CSM at a pine tea repository And we absolutely welcome pull requests. We would love it if you fork pine tea And if you have find a bug and you can fix it or you have an enhancement or whatever Maybe or even just documentation the documentation is all added here. Maybe just a typo you found Please submit a pull request and we'll review it as quickly as we can and get it into the main branch Let's see. So the next one will be the pine tea plug-in. So plug-ins here refers to models So these are models that are part of pine tea So I'm not going to talk about this too much today. This will also be in a future webinar, perhaps This is just a list of repositories with light wrappings of models written in different languages So that we can bring them into pine tea So for this first case we have child Which is a c++ program that has a BMI and there's a very light wrapping here because All of these models expose a BMI we can automatically wrap each of them So that they can be imported into pie and tea and we'll just Python in general So this is where they would be housed. I'm not going to say any more about that We'll save that for another time And then finally pi mt is installable From condo forage. So if anyone uses the anaconda Python distribution They would know that conda is a package manager that they use and so we tap into that. So all CSDMS products are conda installable So that means we build for all of our packages As well as all the contributed models to pi mt. We have condo recipes that build pre-built binary Libraries for each of the models and all our software so that it can easily be installed on different platforms Without users having to compile them This eliminates a lot of headaches for us and for model developers Now if so all the products that CSDMS writes are going to be compatible with Windows and Linux and Mac and if Python is involved, we're only going to support Python 3 from now on That's a choice we made. It just simplifies things a lot on our end If people contribute models that haven't been written for all of those platforms Until we port them to those platforms or someone ports them to those platforms They won't be available. That's not something that we automatically do So for instance many people Model developers will write their models to work for Linux and then Mac So I think all of the contributed models we have now will work for Linux and Mac But not all of them will work for Windows for instance, but we can definitely port them over if possible or if there's a demand So those are some places you can go to To get some help with PyMT So now we can dig into PyMT just a little bit more. So just in three points PyMT is One it's a collection of coupling tools It's a toolbox that includes tools for coupling models that operate on different computational grids Most of our models I suppose operate on a uniform rectilinear grid But many of them also operate on unstructured grids or even a different uniform rectilinear grid that of a different resolution So we include Model coupling tools like the SMF mapper grid mapper to map values from one grid to the values of A grid for another component They'll operate sometimes at different time steps and we may have to do some time interpolation So we have tools for that So that we can Advance a model if we need to advance a model to a partial time step and it's not able to do that Internally we can keep trip we can Interplay between the between two time steps so that the models can sync up and exchange values at the correct time So we have lots of tools like that But again, I'm not going to talk about that today That could be a future webinar as well I'm going to talk about these next two things so Pianti is primarily a collection of Earth surface models that are importable and runnable within Python interactively within Python All these models have been imported because they import because they expose a basic model interface Once they're in Pianti, we then decorate this basic model interface make it a little more human usable The BMI was really intended at first for machines to talk to one another and it may seem a little clunky To use interactively within Python So we've tidied that up a little bit and made it a little bit more polished in Python and Pianti And then it's also an extensible plug-in framework so that we can easily add New models into Pianti as they come in so that would require wrapping them with a very light wrapper as I mentioned before We do that with models written in C and C++ and Fortran and of course Python There's been some requests to include additional languages and depending on the demand we may go down that road as well That's what I'm going to talk about today So I'm going to scroll down here a little bit and jump into the quick start Just to show you What how what it would be like to install Pianti So this would be if you're installing Pianti as As a user so as a developer you can of course install it from source But the youth users would normally install it with Kanda So Kanda is a package manager So Kanda install Pianti and then this dash C Kanda forage just tells it where to look So Kanda forage is an online repository of Kanda packages and that is where we publish all of our Packages including all the models that are included in Pianti and whether they are Python Whether they are Python or C or whatever they're included as pre-compiled binaries Sorry, I was looking at the chat. I got distracted and then so as I said so that would that would install the base model of of Pianti the basic the core Pianti Then if you want to install an additional model and so a plug-in you could install as a separate package So here we would install Con install Pianti hydra trend and so this would download hydra trend a pre-built version of hydra trend. It's a C model So that it can be imported into Pianti So that's how you would install Pianti Now I'm going to run through Just how you might want to use a model that is in Pianti. So I'm going to jump over here to a Jupyter notebook and Actually, I'll start a new notebook Python 3 Okay, and so we're going to install we're going to use The coo model and I'll explain this a little bit more. It's a specific profile us model just as an example so first you do So from pi MT models How about we do Import Pianti models This will import all the models that are currently in my Installation of Pianti if you just installed that the default version you wouldn't have all of these So this is just a collection of a bunch of models some of them are C C plus plus But we're going to look at this one called coo And I'm going to use that for a couple reasons one. It's available on Windows Mac and Linux It's one of the few unfortunately that we have for Windows But maybe most importantly, I'm going to use that because it's the shortest name and It's easier for me to type so and it's easy It runs quickly so we can we don't have to wait for things to Do to run when we start to run it so we'll begin by So we imported all the models now. We're just going to instantiate one of the models So we have a model called coo now It's an instance of an object We can get help on it like we can with all objects in Python Sophie get some help on coo. It'll give a brief description of it. This is provided by the model authors And then we want to list the model authors The version and just some metadata that goes along with the model We want to make make it absolutely clear that this model is not a CSMS model Even though it's within PIMT so we don't want to take credit for it So we want to be very careful that the who that it the credit is taken by or is given the model authors and There's external links if you want to find more specific help about the model itself And then that lists a bunch of parameters that we can set with the coo model and I'll get to that in just a little bit Get rid of that And the first thing we want to do before we run a model and this is I'm going to be saying this over and over again So I'm sorry if I repeat myself, but I will So we're just looking at the coo model now But everything we do here will apply to all the models in PIMT They all have the same interface and the same methods and so anything that works with this should work with another model So when you're It's going to run a model the first thing you need to do is set up all the input files And this isn't a BMI method This is something that PIMT adds to your model and so this we call a method called setup And what setup will do will stay create a new directory and stage a new model run based on some input parameters So I'm we're just going to do this. This is going to do the defaults You'll see that it's created or it's returned a Tuple of two strings the first is the name of the configuration file it created and the second is the folder that it created it in So by default it'll create a temporary folder and we do that because the user never actually really has to see this I'm going to take you through a little bit today. Just so you can see what's going on in the background But if you really did want to Create in a separate folder, maybe in your home directory or current directory you can do that as well So let's see. So I'm just going to show you what's in this folder. We just created So these are all these text files were were just created by this setup method and then if we then we can look at the Configuration file that I just created So this is the configuration file that we just created So, you know, it looks like an input file, but it's a very specific format. It's specific to the perm-a-model toolbox and In all our models like this all all the models will have their own input file formats And so what we want to do with pi mt is try to abstract that away and Make it so that people don't have to worry about all these formats and they can just programmatically create and stage new model runs So if we go back to our our help I Said there were a bunch of parameters We scroll down here a little bit So all these parameters, so these are all parameters that we can set at the beginning of the model run that are put into the input file So for instance, here's one T error So I this is the air temperature and in some short and easy to type. So again, we're going to use that one So the default for air temperature is minus nine degrees Celsius. So we'll I don't know, we'll set it up to do something else So you do set up T error equals say minus 5.0. So now we've created an input file With these new parameters, hopefully I say hopefully, but of course. So if we go down here, we should be able to find T error. So now it's set it to minus 5.0 So this is an easy way to the setup method is an easy way to create new input files and it's something that pine T provides on top of your model. I'm going to show you one useful thing that we can do With this and we're going to enhance this in the future. So this is I'll just show you this As something that we are going to add to make a little bit easier, but you can do this now. So I got the little backwards, but so for so we're going to create a whole bunch of input files.  And then we're going to do that set up the air equals and then this particular tear. So now we've just set up a sensitivity study on for TSE we will see how tear affects the outputs of the cool model. So we just set up 50 model runs there. And then you can either go in, you know, from outside of Python and just run the command line on each of these maybe send it to a cluster to run on different nodes. Or you can run a different sub processes within Python, but it's an easy way to create a sensitivity study. We in the future are going to try to incorporate Dakota a little more into pi empty so we can make this even easier. You can construct more more advanced experiments like uncertainty quantification. And we'll probably to do that will probably use our we have some Python wrappers for Dakota and we'll probably use those to to get that into pi empty. Okay, so now so let's let's start again with a new models.coo so create a new coo will set it up. Just the defaults And now we'll start to get into some BMI methods. And so now that we've set up a new model run we need to initialize the two models. So in this step, we're going to read in The input files allocate some memory do that that sort of stuff do everything needs to be done before the model time stepping begins. So the coo initialize Pass those arguments to it. So now it's initializing the coo model. So now we're ready to go. Now we can start time stepping and examining the variable to calculated variables. And so let's so we can look at a, there's lots of different methods we can look at coo as this is the current time in the model. And where the units units of years Then to advance the model through time. We just do the update method. And now we should have a So right now time one. Okay, so now we know how to advance a model any BMI or any PIMT model through through time now we need to get some values out of it. So it just did some work and calculated something. So let's take advantage of that. And see what happens. So we would to do that. We would use the get value Method and then the first method. The first argument is a string that is the name of the argument, the variable that we want to get. So We're not familiar with this particular model. We need to know what pose strings are. So we'll just use the, we can just use the attribute output for names. And so this returns a tuple of in this case two strings, it could be many more could be none at all, although it wouldn't make much sense to have a model for the variables. So here we have soil temperature and soil active layer thickness. And so let's look at that calculated values for Soil temperature. This get value method if you're familiar with BMI is very much like that, but we've decorated it with a few, a few additional keywords so can do and I'll just get into that in a little bit. And in this case it'll allocate a new new array for you. Or you can pass a buffer to place values into Or you can pass a buffer to place values into So soil temperature. So this is new calculate soil temperature, but what are the units for this. So so pi mt adds a dictionary to your component called var that has the Information about each of the variables. In this case we have soil temperature and we see that the units are Are degrees Celsius. So if we go back here So it's degrees Celsius but say we have a component that wants to use different units. So we make that we make it easy so that you can get a value in particular units if you like as well. So if you want to change the units. So we do that through a unit keyword and we just pass a string for the new unit so we can get So this is the answer in degrees ranking. So if you ever have a model that runs in ranking for 79 is your answer for this thing. So again, so I've taken you through the very basic steps and it seems pretty simple, but I think just I hope just by this you've learned how to run a very simple model co model. With some easy steps and again this will apply to all the models in pi mt. So if you understand the setup the initialize the update to get and set values you've understood you understand how to run a complete model. I'm going to jump over to another example now still using the co model. And this will show how to couple it to in this case I'm not going to couple to another model exactly. I'm going to couple it to a data set. And this data set is going to be some temperatures from Barrow Alaska from 1961 to 2015. But I could just as easily couple it to another BMI model or a data set that's been wrapped with a BMI, but in this case it's going to just I'm going to couple it with a pandas data set. So we go and get the the data set and you can see the data set here. So I've just downloaded it from GitHub has three columns of data, each column is sort of air temperature, snowpack depth, and then the temperature amplitude. I'm not I think temperature amplitude is probably the difference in the highs and lows. So I'm going to assign now just each column to a to a variable. And then the next step as I did before, I'm going to instantiate co set it up, run the initialized method. And then now I'm going to start time stepping. So we have a for loop here that time steps through each of the years I think there were 50 years. And so now instead of calling the get value, we're calling a set value. So in co we're going to say co dot set value. And then this is the input var name. And then we're going to pass it the deval the appropriate value from our data set. We're going to do that for the three values. We're going to update co for a new the new time step and save the thickness. There we go. And then so now we've run co through a time through a data set time series from a data set and created some output. So this would not have been possibly easily possible from the previous version of co. So we've done here is abstract away the. So I think you could have done this statically with an input data set with co would have been a particular file format. So here we've used pandas to get the to bring in a data set. And then we've coupled that to the model so that we can dynamically change the values as the model runs. So that's basically everything that I wanted to cover for the most part. So I've shown you how to how to how to bring a model, how to import a model into pi mt. I mean, again, this could be any model. If you not use one model, you're going to know how to use them all and then how easy it is to run it. So I think as a model user, you'll find pi mt very easy to use. I'm very powerful when you want a couple models or if you just want to run a single model and experiment with it. I find it's a very easy way to play with models, particularly compared to working with models from compiled languages. Like see, you know, it's almost as though you're running it in a debugger. You can run it for a little bit, change some values, see what happens, see if the model blows up, see if something cool happens. See if there's a bug, you can advance it through time and see if there's instability. And you can use all the power of Python and all the tools that go along with Python as you're doing all this. You can advance it through time, change some things and plot up some results. And then so as a model developer, I think you'll also find it useful to use pi mt and to get your models into pi mt and we'll do a few things for you that maybe it wasn't obvious from this presentation so far that we do for you. So if you have a model and you put a BMI on it, that's 90% of the work. From there, we can automatically wrap it to bring it into pi mt.  So for instance, you can use your model, we will build your model as a condo package, so it's easily installable, we'll do that for you. So you don't have to have an installation guide for your model for other users, perhaps. You can just point them to our help pages and they can easily install a through condo install a pre-built binary version of your model, which is very useful for compiled languages like C. We will provide all this documentation on our website for you so you can just point them here. We'll construct a tutorial for your model as a Jupyter Notebook and provide it on our documentation page as well. You can see from this is from the main page under examples. These are all Jupyter Notebooks of some of the models that we have and we'll add that to this for you so that users can see that it's working. We will test these models regularly or test these notebooks regularly. We will include your model and model test into our continuous integrations. We'll test it regularly so users can be sure that it's working properly. As well as people will then be able to use it within the PyMT framework or within a Python framework just in general. So we'll do all these things for you and we might just give you a C semester if you'd be a my your model. I'm just saying I haven't run that by line yet but I think we could do that and we would love to have your model within PyMT. Just a quick story. Just how powerful this is. Someone recently asked me for a model that I wrote many years ago in C and I was responding to them. I was just writing this long email about how to compile it and all these crazy input file formats that I had come up with on my own. And then as I was writing this I realized no no no I just have to point them to this web page and they can just use the PyMT version of it and it's so much easier for them. We just would provide all this documentation for you. They can just go through this and then they'll know how to use the model. And if they're familiar with another PyMT model they'll know how to use it right away. So anyway I think I think that's all I had to say. That's right at 1030 so that was my goal. Anyway if you have any questions feel free to you can contact me directly or go to our issue tracker page or if you have any questions right now I'd be happy to answer them. Thanks.


Mother, are post-40% bran flakes really the best tasting cereal of them all? Well, your father says so, and father knows best. Best transcribed in Hollywood starring Robert Young as father.  Post-40% bran flakes, and by Instant Postum, the good-tasting drink that's entirely caffeine-free. Long-sighted the house is the greatest factor in shaping a child's character, and certainly the home frequently referred to as the White Frame House on Maple Street has had a helpful, beneficial effect on the characters of the Anderson children. In fact, the Springfield Parents' Organization is so well aware of this that they have selected Margaret Anderson as the model mother of the current season and her home, the ideal home. Now, it would seem that nothing upsetting could result from such a happy, tranquil honor. But when the Anderson's are involved, strange complications can result from innocent little beginnings, like this. Jim, would you mind moving to another chair? I'm trying to vacuum in here. What did you say? I said take your newspaper and move. I just moved.  What did you say? I said I'm trying to read the paper and I... Wait a minute. Now then, what were you mumbling about? Mumbling. I don't know why you have to read right where I'm trying to vacuum. Well, I don't know why you have to vacuum at all on Saturday afternoon. You've got all week to do that. Well, this is a special occasion. I don't know whether you know it or not, but the Springfield Parents' Association has selected us as the ideal home. This is the ideal home? Yes. And because of that, I'm expecting Mrs. J. Suzanne Laszlo here this afternoon. And who, pray tell, is Mrs. J. Suzanne Laszlo?   Well, she's coming to the right place. We're building some real characters around here. She'll probably take lots of notes and observe the family. Well, if there was ever a family that ought to be under observation, this is it. Yes. Well, anyway, I want the place to look decent. So could you please take your newspaper someplace else? I guess so. The trouble with these ideal homes is that you can't sit down in them. Mother! May I go in the den, or will Miss Lancelot be observing in there, too? Mrs. Laszlo, dear. The mother! Yes, Betty. Mother, our journalism class... Oh, hello, Father. Hello, Princess. Our journalism class has found the most perfect place for an office. It's right downtown and we can cover the regular news beats like the real paper does and then put out a paper of our own. Isn't that just too utterly? I guess so. All we have to do is clean the place out and the school will put in some typewriters and a makeup desk and all that. Where is this place? Well, you know that little building right around the corner from the drugstore. You don't mean the old pool hall, do you? Well, it's not the pool hall anymore. It used to be the Green Tiger, but they moved out and the place is empty. Oh, I see. Ah, education is a wonderful thing. My daughter's only a sophomore and already she's working in a pool hall. It does sound kind of funny, doesn't it? Well, just be careful you don't get yourself behind the eight ball. Uh, Betty, I wonder if you could help me for a few minutes. Oh, I can't now, Mother. I really have to get down there and help them clean out the pool hall. Uh, couldn't you refer to that as something beside the pool hall? Well, Betty, I really need some help. It won't take long. Well, I really should be going here. You finish vacuuming. While I go in the kitchen and get some furniture polished. No, all right. Will the noise bother you, Father? If it does, I'll be glad to postpone this. No, it won't bother me. I'm going in the den.  Mommy! Mother's in the kitchen. Hey, Betty, look what I got. What did you say? I said, look what I got. Wait a minute. Now then, what did you say, Shrimp Boat? Look what I got. Well, what in the world are you doing with those smelly old pipes? They're for Tabby. Tabby who? I don't think he's got a last name. Well, can't he buy his own pipes? Of course not. He's a cat. A cat? Sure. And he's just had kittens. He's just had kittens? Where did the pipes come in? Well, Patty Davis and I couldn't find any cigars. So we got these pipes to hand out for him. Look, half pint, there's a few things you've got mixed up there. In the first place, you're wrong about Tabby. I am not. He had kittens and they look just like him. In the second place, cats don't give out cigars. Just people do. I don't care. And in the third place, you should be throwing good money away on such silly ideas. We didn't throw money away. Well, where'd you get the pipes then? They're brand new. We, well, Patty sort of borrowed them from her daddy. Oh, I see. Kathy, don't you know that's practically the same as stealing? It is not. It's for good cars. That doesn't make any difference. You better take those back. Here comes Mother. You better not let her find out what you've done. What will I do? Hide them? We'll take them back to Mr. Davis. I'll hide them now and take them back as soon as I get a chance to. Patty, are you finished with the vacuum cleaner? Yes, I think so. Then put it away and there's a few dishes you can do up while I do the furniture. All right. But when I get that done, can I go down and help fix up our newspaper office? Yes, I guess so. Oh, hello, Angel. I didn't see you standing over there. Where have you been? All around. Kathy, is anything wrong? Uh-uh. Well, you have a very peculiar look on your face. I just have a peculiar face. You do with that dirt on it. You run upstairs and wash and put on a different dress. Ah, gee, do I have to? Yes. There's a lady coming here pretty soon and it's fairly important that you children make a good impression on her. Who is she? Oh, just a lady from the Parents Association. Now, you hurry upstairs. Uh, uh, I think I have to run over to Patty Davis' house for a minute. Not now, you don't. Now, you get upstairs like a good girl. Come on, hurry. All right. Ah, let's see now. Oh, yes, the furniture. Oh, for goodness sake, what's this? Jim! Jim! Did you call me? Yes. Did you put these old pipes under this chair? Now, why would I put pipes under a chair? Oh, that's just what I was wondering. There's three or four under here. There are? Let's see them. Are they yours? No, not mine. Well, how do you suppose they got there? I don't know. Jim, do you suppose Bud brought them in? Oh, I don't think so. Well, it certainly couldn't be the girls. No, but Bud, let's face it, he's a little young for a pipe. Yes, but you know how boys are. Well, I'll say one thing for him, he's got good taste. These are imported briars. Jim, this is no joking matter. We can't have Bud smoking at his age. Well, don't worry. What are we going to do? That's very simple. We'll do the same thing my dad did with me when I was a kid. I don't think that'll work. Well, you don't know what it is yet. What did he do? He simply called me into the parlor and handed me a pipe and invited me to light up and join him in a smoke. What happened? I decided not to smoke a pipe until I was a little older. Well, I don't know. Just leave it to me, honey. As soon as he comes in, send him into the den. Well, if you think it'll work. I'm positive. Hand me the pipes. I'll put them in the den and when he comes in, I'll give him the full treatment. Mommy! Yes? Is this house now? I'm all clean. Well, not just yet.  Oh, creepers. I have to do everything. This will take just a second. Tell him his father wants to have a talk with him. I don't know where he is. I think he's out in the backyard someplace. He and Joe Phillips. Please hurry now. Okay. And don't stomp your feet like that. That's natural. Hi, Squirt. Have you taken those pipes back to Mr. Davis yet? Not yet. I can't get them out of the living room. Then you better take them back. I'm going to. You don't have to keep telling me. Come on, Kathy, give me a hand on these dishes. Nothing doing. I've got problems. Yeah, but I've got to get down there and help sweep out that pool hall. After all, I'm society editor on the paper. Oh, I'll bet that's them calling now, wondering why I'm not down there. Oh, yes, she's here. It's for you, Kathy. Me? Deepers. What's the matter? Patty says her daddy... If you work on the dishes, I'll go in the living room and see if I can sneak them out of there. Okay. They're under the big chair. I know. What's Mom want to see me about? It's Daddy that wants to see you. What took you so long? Joe and I were pitching horseshoes back in the garage, and I had to finish the game. What's Dad want to see me about? He wants to have a talk with you. Uh-oh. What have I done now? I don't know, but you'll probably catch it for something. What? Yes, Dad. Coming to Dad. Okay, Dad. Wish I knew what it was, so I could think up some alibis. But you better hurry in there. Dad's calling you. I can hear him. Kathy, did you move those pipes? No. Why? Well, they're gone. What? Mother's upstairs dressing, so I had a chance to look, and they're not there. They've got it. Careful. Mother's probably finished dressing by now, and she'll be down here any minute. I don't care. I've got to find them. Move the chair. Maybe you hid them someplace else. No, I remember exactly where I... Girls. Girls, don't tear up everything. I just got this living room straightened out. Are you looking for something? I think so. Well, if you are, let it wait until after... Oh, there's Mrs. Laszlo stopping out in front.  But, Mother... I want you to help me prove that this is really an ideal home. Some of the things due to begin popping at the Anderson's will make you wonder about that. But there's no question that the ideal mother gives lots of thought to her family's breakfast. And here's food for thought to all you mothers.  Maybe you've tried it for breakfast, but found that you weren't too keen about the taste. Well, things are different now because something wonderful has happened to brand. The post-serials people have given post-40% brand flakes a wonderful new flavor, a magic oven flavor, and new crisp texture that's really delicious. And that's not just my opinion. Many people who have tried the new post-40% brand flakes say that they like it better than any other cereal. Now you can serve new post-brand flakes with its ounce of prevention, its important keep regular benefits, and know that the whole family will get these vital extras in a cereal they'll enjoy eating. So why don't you begin serving post-40% brand flakes in your home regularly? For goodness' sake, eat post-brand flakes. So good and so good for you. When you shop this weekend, buy new post-40% brand flakes. They're America's largest selling brand flakes. They're good and so good for you. The White Frame House on Maple Street, which has been designated as the ideal home and is about to be observed by one Mrs. Laszlo of the Parents Association, is at the moment resting on fairly shaky foundation. However, no one is quite aware of this as Margaret plunges into her interview with Mrs. Laszlo in the living room. While this is going on, another type of interview is about to take place in the dental. Sounds pretty complicated, doesn't it? Well, let's concentrate on Jim as he begins his fatherly discussion with Bud. Like this. Sit down, Bud. Relax. You don't have to stand there at attention. Well, what did I do? I didn't say you did anything. I just wanted you to sit down and have a friendly man-to-man talk. Uh-oh. Well, come on. Sit down. Well... Well, okay. Ah, that's better. Well, Bud, um... old man, how's everything going at school? Dad, whatever it is, I didn't do it. I don't think. Bud, I'm not accusing you of anything. I just want to have a chat with you. Thought we ought to get, uh, better acquainted. But, Dad, I've known you all my life. No, Bud. I mean, get in the habit of telling each other things. Not feeling that you have to sneak out back of the garage to, uh... We didn't sneak back there. Oh, you were back there then? Uh-huh. Joe and I were pitching horseshoes. Is that what you call it now? Pitching horseshoes? I guess so. But, uh, what I'm trying to tell you is that if you want to pitch horseshoes, uh, do it right here in the house. In the house? Certainly. I'm pretty open-minded about these things. Oh, gosh. We'd wreck the place. How violently do you react to this, anyway?  Oh, gosh, no. I have to stand up and swing my arms. Might be a good idea at that. Here, bud. Oh, man.  Huh? Go on. Light up. Huh? Watch the matter. Don't you recognize a pipe when you see one? Well, yeah, sure. But, holy cow. Go on. Take it. And light up. Dad, do you feel all right? Certainly. I feel fine. I just thought it was high time you and I were sitting down and having a nice, friendly smoke together. Uh, pitching a few horseshoes together. Dad, are you sure you feel all right? Never felt better. Here, hold it steady. I'll light it for you. Dad. Hold it steady. Dad, I don't know how to smoke. Oh? Well, it's not too difficult to pick up again. Ouch! That match burned my finger. Then we'll try it again now. First you've got to hold the pipe firmly in your teeth. Like this? Yes. Go ahead. Well, okay. Ugh! Ugh! Well, don't bite it in half. You're not even eating a peppermint stick. Just hold it in your teeth. Dad. Ah, now it's gone out. Here, let's light it again. Dad, I think I better go wash dishes or something. No, don't leave now. I've got five pounds of tobacco here. Five pounds? Sure.  Well, what'll we talk about now? Philosophy, politics, football? Dad. Take a deep drag, son. Smell that wonderful aroma. Ugh! Ugh! Good, isn't it? Dad. Do you have your fountain pen with you? Mrs. Laszlo can't seem to find hers. Yes, it's in my inside coat pocket and my coat is over... Oh, look, look at mine, Mrs. Anderson. I found mine. It was in my... Oh, excuse me. I didn't mean to intrude. That's perfectly all right. Oh, Mrs. Laszlo, this is Mr. Anderson. How do you do? Well, I'm very happy to know you, Mr. Anderson. And I imagine this is your fine young son. Well, isn't he, uh, a trifle young to be smoking? Well, uh... You see, Mrs. Laszlo, my husband, that is his father. It's a little hard to explain. Yes. Oh, well, what she's trying to say, Mrs. Laszlo, is that when I was a boy, my father gave me a pipe and... Well, it hardly seems like the sort of family custom that should be carried on. Well, what I mean is... Mommy, but that's my pipe. What world are you saying? That's one of my pipes. But stole them from me. I did not. Dad did. In a minute. Kathy, what is this all about? Why, those pipes can't possibly be yours. Well, they're not exactly mine. Patty and me took them. Mr. Davis found out about it, and I've got to get them back. Oh, dear. Kathy, darling, what are you talking about? Yes, just what is this about taking Mr. Davis's pipes? You see, when Betty told me it was just the same as stealing, why, then I... Excuse me, Mother, but I have all the work done now, so I'm leaving. Is that all right? I guess so, Betty, but... Well, there are a couple of matters we're trying to clear up. If you just wait a second. Well, I'm late now, Mother. If you want me, I'll be down at the pool hall. At the porch? Did you say pool hall? Yes, Mrs. Laszlo, the pool hall. Remember? It used to be the Green Tiger. Mrs. Laszlo, I don't think you quite know what my daughter means. Well, I'm afraid I do. I've heard of the Green Tiger. No, you see, she's just going to sweep out down there. Sweep out? No, no, no. You see... Well, what Father means, Mrs. Laszlo, is that a group of us are going down there to clean it out. Oh, to clean it out? Yes. Oh, I see. Well, that's different. I'm sorry, I misunderstood. I hope you're successful. I wish there were more groups like yours to stamp out such places. I don't think you quite understand. Yes, she does, Betty. Your group is doing a grand job. Now go and do it. Go. Yes, Father. Goodbye, Mother. Yes, goodbye. Glad to have met you, Mrs. Laszlo. Well, I'm certainly glad to have met you too. Goodbye. Now then, Cathy. Let's have a full explanation. Dad. What is it, bud? What'll I do with this incinerator? Well, I'll take it, son. Let's face it, Dad. I'm just not a good smoker. Even if it was your idea. Oh, this was your idea, Mr. Anderson. Well, yes. You see... Well, actually, I was under the impression that our son was smuggling pipes into the house. But now I find out to... Daddy. I've just got to get those pipes back to Mr. Davis. Yes. Well, here they are. Dad, I think... Don't worry, bud.  Cathy, why did you want them in the first place? Yes. What were you thinking of, Cathy? Well, you see, we weren't getting them for us. We were getting them for old Tabby. Because he couldn't afford to get any cigars for himself. Just a minute. Just a minute. Who is this Tabby? You've seen him around the neighborhood. He has a black patch over one eye. I feel sorry for him. Oh, just where does he live, Cathy? Well, he... Oh, excuse me, Mrs. Anderson, but my time is growing short, and I really should be leaving. Oh, but Mrs. Lazar... I wonder if you'd mind stepping into the other room for a moment. I have something I'd like to say to you. Well, yes, I guess so. You go in the living room. I'll be right in. Yes. All right. Oh, Margaret, I'm really sorry all this happened. I had no idea how things were going to turn out. It's all right. It's not your fault. It's nobody's fault, really. Would it help any if I went out and talked to her? No, it's too late now. We've all talked too much, I'm afraid. Dan... I'm awfully sorry, Margaret. It's all right. I don't think I want to be written up in a magazine anyway. Just be embarrassing. Dad... Well, I guess I'd better go out there. Dad... Yes? I don't feel so hot. Me either. But not from smoking. Mrs. Lazar, I'm sorry about everything. Oh, there's nothing to be sorry about, but I do have to run. Now, as far as the interview, I think I have all the information I need. I'm sure you have. To be perfectly frank, I questioned the ability of any organization to go out and pick an ideal family. Right on the face of it, it seemed an impossible thing to do. Yes. But now I can see why they chose your family, Mrs. Anderson. What did you say? Well, everywhere I turn here, I see glowing evidences of the wonderful principles you and Mr. Anderson as parents are instilling in your children. I don't quite follow you. Well, take your eldest daughter, for example. I've never seen such a fine, crusading spirit in so young a girl. Mrs. Anderson, you should be very proud of her. Oh, we are. We are. And your son. So manfully resisting temptations thrown in his path. Your husband's a wise parent, indeed, to follow such a course, coping with juvenile problems before they arise. It's things like this that build strength into a boy's character. Oh, yes. Yes, where we're both firm believers in that.  Obviously, she's too young to realize that some of her methods are in error. But what a sweet charitable nature she displayed in wanting to furnish a pipe for that old gentleman who couldn't afford one himself. That, uh, that Mr. Tabby. Oh, yes. Yes, she's quite generous. Mrs. Anderson, over and above my position with the magazine, may I congratulate you? Congratulate me? Yes, you do indeed have an ideal home. Now, before we return to Springfield's ideal home, a word from Ed Prentice about your home. Well, friends, if your home is anything like the Anderson's, like Jim and Margaret and the kids really enjoy things together, chances are you always have a jar of good-tasting post-em handy. Because post-em is the completely caffeine-free drink that's safe for the whole family to enjoy, as often as you want. Mealtimes, between times, anytime. Yes, post-em contains no caffeine at all, nothing to upset your nerves or spoil your sleep. And does post-em taste good? Well, just you try it. You and the whole family will agree. Post-em belongs whenever you get together. That's instant post-em, made instantly in your cup. Mrs. J. Suzanne Laszlo has arrived and gone. And Margaret, Springfield's ideal mother, is still pretty bewildered by the sudden and completely unexpected turn of events. She walks slowly back to the den, where the rest of her family are solemnly waiting to hear the report of her demotion. Like this. Hi, Mom. Has she gone, Margaret? Yes.  Oh, no, she's real nice, dear. In fact, she's very, very nice. Oh, you don't have to defend her, Margaret. It's just like you to do it, though. No, really, Jim, I... You understand, honey. Go on, Dad. Tell her the... you know. Yeah, tell her, Daddy. Tell me what? Well, Mrs. Anderson, we, uh... That is the family here. We formed a little committee while you were out. Oh? And our committee, after completing an exhaustive research and after due deliberations, voted unanimously to issue this proclamation. Yeah. Mrs. Anderson, it has been unconditionally resolved that irrespective of the findings of one Mrs. J. Suzanne Laszlo, we hereby select you officially as the best mother in the whole world. And we'll be back with Father Knows Best, starring Robert Young as Jim Anderson. Until then, good night and good luck. From the makers of post 40% brand plates, America's largest selling brand plates, an instant postum, the drink that's entirely caffeine-free. In our cast were Helen Storm as Kathy, Dorothy Lovett, Mary Lee Robb, Ted Donaldson, and Paula Winslow. It comes in a red, white, and blue box. What is it? Hot post wheat meal. It has the picture of Roy Rogers on the package. What is it? Hot post wheat meal. It's packed full of whole wheat nourishment. What is it? Hot post wheat meal. It has a rich, delicious, nut-like flavor. What is it? Hot post wheat meal. Cooks in just three minutes. Another member of the famous post family. What is it? Hot post wheat meal. It's the best hot cereal you ever ate. Hot post wheat meal. It's inscribed in Hollywood and written by Paul West and Roswell Rogers. This is Bill Foreman speaking. Be sure to listen to the new Bob Hope show every morning on NBC. It's the most unusual show on radio.


You are you are a sharp guy, and I think there's a lot of of young People that are looking for something to do with their life that I think you know It's one thing to have Cody and I you know sit up here and you know have a young guy in college be like man But those guys are you know in their 30s almost almost and but to look at a 21 year old doing it You know I'm I actually showed I think I told you this when I first met you. I actually showed my nine-year-old son I said hey boy. I said this is Ryan Lodi. He's 21 years old, and he's making the money that he's making I'm like look at what he's doing. You can do this too, and I could see my son kind of click You know it was awesome, man So well what I want to do is I want to creep in just a little bit on something you talked about And I want to just explore that before we get into to the major content of goal-setting and how you Accomplish that you said you were part-time and then went full-time What made you decide first off? What did you consider part-time and and before and then what made you decide to go full-time? What was that transition like? so Transition was actually It was a bit fearful it got me uncomfortable, but you know being part-time. I think about 20 20 leads a week and That I consider that part-time even 30 leads a week man. That's part-time. You're you're you're only gonna be you know working like six to eight hours a day and You're not even gonna be able to work the whole week because you're gonna exhaust those 30 leads like right now If I was working 30 leads a week and I was working 10 to 12 hours a day like I am right now Man, I'm running through those leads in a couple days And I would literally have to grind each and every single lead which is not what you want to do You want to freaking fill that pipeline so big you want to Get a massive pipeline so you don't have to be so reliant on one single lead But part-time to answer your question part-time about 20 30 leads a week six to eight hours a day That's part-time that that's what the average human being works nowadays if you want to be average so be it Hey, I'm not gonna judge you. That's not me, but you guys whoever's watching this they can certainly be average working six hours a day and 20 20 30 leads a week maybe like five to seven K every every week if you're lucky and Is that that's part-time? It's five to eight. So you got 20 30 leads a week six eight hours a day You know five to seven K a week Is that diaper do-do baby money for Ryan Looney? Dude that's good that's good. Thank you for sharing that. That's awesome I love that's what I'm talking about the freaking mindset man most agents You described them, but what you? What you actually described is probably the average agent the Most agents aren't doing you know aren't buying leads at all like like 92% of them probably are barely buying leads Just a little bit inconsistently, you know Which you seem to think you know you need to buy leads consistently or at least have leads to work consistently Obviously, that's been a success for you clearly and everybody we know that's like a part of business You can have a system going to be consistent They're you know working You know six eight hours a week is is probably average, you know, maybe even you know Five K a week is probably still above average, but for you. I love that the mindset of it is I don't care what other people are doing. I don't care what average is.  No, no