A very good evening aspirants. Welcome to the Hindu newspaper analysis brought to you by Shankar IAS Academy. Today's date is 17th of June 2023. Displayed here are the list of news articles that we are going to discuss today. So without much delay, let us get into the first news article discussion. Take a look at this friend page article. This article talks about the ongoing violence in Manipur state. We already have discussed about the background of the ongoing Manipur violence. So let's straight away go into the news article. See yesterday a mob attacked the residence of the union minister of state for external affairs Rajkumar Ranjan Singh. His residence is situated in Impal which is the capital city of Manipur. Many of the people have opined that it was communal violence. In response to this mob attack and several opinions, Mr. Singh insisted that it was not a communal incident. The minister said that he is a Hindu and the attackers were also Hindus. So he pointed out the incident is not a communal violence and it is a mob attack. So this is about the news article given here. So in this news article discussion, let us understand about Communalism. The cause is for Communalism in India and we will also see some of the measures to tackle Communalism. Before that the syllabus relevant to this news article is highlighted here. You can go through it. So what is Communalism? See Communalism is an ideology that refers to strong attachment to one's own community. This results in a division between the group of people or communities based on the factors of ethnicity, religion, belief, values and etc. To say it simply, when people of one community or religion go against the people of another community or religion, then it is termed as Communalism. For example, let us take the communal droid that happened months before India's independence. See between January and March 1947, communal violence took place in several parts of India between the Hindu and Muslims. And what was the reason for such communal violence? It is due to the demand of Muslims headed by Muhammad Ali Jinnah for a separate state. But the demand was consistently opposed by the Congress members and this led to the communal violence between Hindu and Muslims. This is one such example of communalism. So what are the causes for communalism in India? See the first and foremost cause of communalism in India is divisive politics. See some political parties in India are using religious and cultural differences to gain popularity among the people. This divisive politics will ultimately lead to hatred among the different communities and end up in communal violence. Then the second cause is economic backwardness. See in India, the majority of the minority communities have not been properly represented in public services, manufacturing, trade and so on. This is because of their educational backwardness. So this uneven representation aggravates the communalism feelings. Then the third cause is psychological factors. See psychological factors plays an important role in the growth of communalism. For example some of the Hindus believe that Muslims are extremists and they are unpatriotic. On the other hand the Muslims feel that they are not properly represented in India. So these emotions contribute to the growth of communalism. The fourth cause is geographical factor. See in India there are several variations in mode of life, culture, belief and social norms between various religious groups like Hindu, Muslims and Christians. This is due to the geographical location of particular communities. So the variations due to geographical factors may cause conflict between two different religious groups and end up in communal unrest. The fifth cause is historical factors. For example, let us say a communal violence was happened in the city of Chennai on one such historical day, a year back. Here the probability of reoccurrence of communal riots in Chennai is twice stronger than the town when such riots have never happened. So the historical factors are also one of the reasons for communal riots in India. Finally the role of media is also a very important cause. See the media in India often spread rumors about two different communities to create sensation. This results in further tension between two rival religious groups. Apart from this social media have also emerged as a powerful medium to spread the messages relating to communal tensions or riots in any part of the country. So these are some of the causes of communalism in India. Now let us see about the measures to deal with communalism. See firstly, the government should ban all political parties that rely on religious loyalties. This would be very helpful to stop the spread of communal ideas in India. Apart from this, non-political cultural organizations should also be actively monitored for any communal preach. Secondly, the youth group and other associations should be formed in every state. Those groups and associations should allow people from different communities so that they come together and they get to know each other. This will encourage the brotherhood feelings among people of different communities and also encourage them to practice inter-religious marriages. This in turn reduces the social divide between members of religious groups. Thirdly, the government has to conduct various awareness programs with the help of NGOs and civil society organizations to index the feeling of nationalism into people's mind. This will help to unite the people from different communities and build stronger community relations by cultivating the values of communal harmony. Fourthly, the government should increase the representation of minority communities and weaker sections in all wings of the government. In addition to this, the government should launch minority welfare schemes to address the challenges and discrimination faced by the men, jobs, housing and daily life. This would create belief among the minority community and divert their communal thoughts. That's all regarding this news article. So in this news article discussion, we saw in detail about what is communalism, the causes of it and how to address the issue. So with these learnt points, now let us move on to the next news article discussion. Now this news article is also talking about Manipur. It is regarding the ongoing issue of granting scheduled tribe status to Maiti community. See the Maiti community, which is dominant in Manipur, wants scheduled tribe status. We know that right. So the Maiti parties had filed a review petition in the Manipur High Court regarding its scheduled tribe status. But this time the High Court adjourned this case. So in this background, let us understand who can grant a scheduled tribe status to a community and what are the benefits a community will get. If it is granted with a scheduled tribe status. Now before that we will see some basic information about scheduled tribes in India. See the term scheduled tribe is defined in article 366 clause 25 of the Indian Constitution. The definition of a scheduled tribe is given here for your reference. You can have a look at it. Know that scheduled tribes constitute about 8.6% of the total population in India. And the Ministry of Tribal Affairs is responsible for it. Now let us briefly see about the procedure for conferring a scheduled tribe status to a community. See firstly the concerned state government will identify tribes which are eligible to be given the scheduled tribe status. And it recommends through the governor. Then this proposal will go to the registrar general of India. If he or she approves then national commission for scheduled tribes will consider the claim. And if they have given the green light then president will issue a public notification. Then parliament by passing a law can confer scheduled tribe status to a community. But remember not all the community will be conferred scheduled tribe status. There are certain criteria. Let us see them one by one. Firstly the community should have the indications of the primitive tribes. Then they should have a distinct culture. Then they should be geographically isolated community. Apart from this they should have shyness of contact with community at large. And the final criterion is back awareness. So based on these criteria assessment for the proposal for inclusion or exclusion will be made. So what are the benefits a community will enjoy if they are specified as scheduled tribe. See if a community is given with scheduled tribe status then they can avail all the schemes of ministry of tribal affairs which aims to improve the socio-economic condition of the tribes. The students from the community can avail many scholarships like post metric scholarship, overseas scholarship and etc. Then they can also get concessional loans from the national scheduled tribes finance and development corporation. Apart from this the most important benefit is that they are entitled to benefits of reservation in educational services and employment. So that's all you have to know about scheduled tribe status. With these learnt points now let us move on to the next news article discussion. Take a look at this news article. The cracks of the article is that heavy rainfall in Mizoram caused a significant landslide on national highway 6. Actually this road connects the state with the rest of the country. The landslide occurred in the Huntaar area near Aizwal. Very fortunately no fatalities have been reported. Now efforts are underway to clean the debris and restore the affected structures of the national highway. Additionally the continuous rain in recent days has resulted in multiple landslides across various parts of the state. So in this context let us understand few facts about landslides in this discussion. See landslide is defined as the movement of a mass of rock, debris or earth down a slope. That is it occurs when a large amount of rocks, soil or debris move down a slope. It can happen quickly or slowly over time. Think of it like this.  If you pour a lot of water on it the sand becomes wet and heavy right. It can't stick together like before and it starts to slide down the hill. That's similar to what happens in a landslide. Now what are the types of landslides? See there are different types of landslides like slides, spreads, flows, falls and topples. Also sometimes a landslide can be a combination of these types. See landslide and spreads involve large amounts of non-fluid materials like a rock moving down a slope. So it's like when a chunk of soil or rocks that slides and spreads downwards. Then we have flows. When the material moves more like a fluid it's called a flow. Think of it like a river of mud or debris that flows downhill. Lastly we have falls and topples. These happen when the material falls vertically to the ground. Now let's talk about why landslides happen or the factors responsible for landslides. See there are many reasons. Firstly when the material on a slope becomes weak. Remember when we were children we used to build sandcastle on beach. You would have noticed if the sand gets too wet or loose it does not hold its shape anymore. The same thing can happen to rocks and soil on a slope. The second factor could be water. See when water gets into the ground and makes it soggy it adds weight and makes the slope weak. Then erosion is another factor. If a river or the sea keeps veering away the bottom of a slope it eventually becomes too steep and can't hold itself up and landslide can occur. Then the steepness of the slope itself is also important. The steeper the slope the more likely a landslide can happen. So if a hill gets even steeper because of coastal erosion it becomes more unstable. Also different types of rocks and how they fit together can affect the chance of a landslide. Some rocks are more prone to landslides. This depends on their shape and how they break apart. Then weathering processes like freeze, thaw can also weaken the rocks. We know that when water freezes and expands in a crack it makes the crack bigger like you can see in the image. Later when the ice thaws water goes even deeper like you can see here in the image. Again when it freezes it expands. So this makes the rock less stable. Apart from this vegetation can also be a factor. See we know that plants and trees can actually help keep the soil together. So if we remove vegetation from a slope it increases the risk of a landslide. Here you should also know that even volcanoes can cause landslides. See valkanoic landslides are called lahars and they are among the most devastating type of landslides. Finally there are also human activities that can contribute to landslides. For example mining or construction work can change the way water flows on a slope. This makes it more unstable. Also deforestation and shifting cultivation or other man-made factors that causes landslides. The root of the trees hold the soil in place but if people cut down all the trees the soil becomes loose and result in landslide. Now we will see some India specific points about landslides. See India is prone to landslides. According to the Geological Survey of India, GSI about 12.6% of India's land area that is around 0.42 million square kilometers is prone to landslides. The areas are most vulnerable to landslides are Firstly the mountainous regions of the northwestern Himalayas which includes Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarkhand Then the sub-Himalayan terrain of the northeast which includes Sikkim, West Bengal, Darjeeling, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Mahalaya, Mizoram, Nahaland and Tripura. Apart from this the western parts area which includes Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka and Kerala and the eastern parts area which includes Arakku area of Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu these regions are more susceptible to landslides. So that's all you have to remember about landslides. Hope we have covered landslides entirely. Make note of it and use it in your main sansa writing. So these learnt points. Now let us move on to the next news article discussion. Now take a look at this news article. This news article is about the appointment of a new chief information commissioner and other information commissioners in the state of Tamil Nadu. Retired IPS officer Mr. Shakil Akhtar was appointed as the chief information commissioner of Tamil Nadu. He took oath in the presence of the governor Mr. R. N. Ravi. So in this context let us revise few facts about national information commission and state information commission in problems perspective. See both the central and state information commissions were established under the provisions of the Right to Information Act 2005. They were constituted through an official gazette notification. It is an independent body which plays an important role in maintaining transparency in governance. Now talking about the composition of the central and state information commission. See both the information commissions consist of a chief information commissioner and not more than 10 information commissioners. Talking about their appointment in case of central information commission chief information commissioner and other information commissioners are appointed by the president on the recommendation of the committee consisting of prime minister, leader of opposition in Lokshaba and union cabinet minister nominated by the prime minister. Similarly in case of state information commission chief information commissioner and other information commissioners are appointed by the governor on the recommendation of a committee consisting of chief minister, leader of opposition in legislative assembly if there is any and the state cabinet minister nominated by the chief minister. Now talking about the conditions for appointment see the CIC that is the chief information commissioner and the information commissioners should not be a MP or a MLA. They should not hold any office of profit or connected with any political party or perceiving any profession. Now talking about the tenure and service conditions see chief information commissioner and other information commissioners of both central and state information commissions should hold the office for such term prescribed by central or state government or until they attain the age of 65 years whichever is earlier. One important point to note here is that they are not eligible for reappointment. Now talking about the removal procedure see in case of central information commission the president can remove the chief information commissioner and other information commissioners similarly in case of state information commission governor can remove them from the office. They can be removed for the following reasons you can pass the video and have a look at it. Remember they can also be removed on the grounds of proved misbehavior or incapacity. Finally we'll look at the powers and functions of central and state information commission firstly it is their duty to receive and inquire into a complaint from any person on issues related to getting any information under RTI Act of 2005. Then they can order an inquiry into any matter if there are reasonable grounds on a sumoto basis. So while conducting enquiries the commission has the power of a civil court then the commission has access to all public documents during inquiry for examination. The commissions submit an annual report to the government and they place them before their legislative organ. So that's all you have to remember about central and state information commission with these learnt points now let us move on to the next news article discussion. Now take a look at this news article it says that the pre monsoon flood has affected many people across love and districts of Assam. Apart from this landslides have also been reported from several places in Assam due to constant rainfall. This is about the news article given here in this context let us understand how to control floods. Let's start with what is a flood. See a flood happens when water overflows onto land that is normally dry. Floods can result from rains, snow, coastal storms, overflow of rivers, dam failure and etc. Now we'll see the effects of flood. See some of the effects of flood include loss of human life, damage to property and infrastructure, crop, destruction and livestock loss, housing displacement and other economic impacts. Now we'll look into the important flood control measures. See the first flood control measure is the construction of reservoir. See by constructing the reservoirs in the course of the river we could store extra water at the time of flood. By doing this we have a double advantage. One it would be very helpful to mitigate the damages caused by the flood and two the water stored at the time of flood can be used during drought times. So the constructions of reservoirs is one such good idea to control the flood. Secondly building of embankments. See embankments is nothing but the raised structure or wall that is made up of stone or concrete to prevent a river flooding. So building an embankment on the banks of the river will help to address the overflow of the river during flooding. Thirdly carrying out afforestation practices. See by planting trees in the catchment areas of the river we'll be able to minimize the effects of the floods. This is because the trees are able to control the speed of floods during heavy rains. So afforestation practices can also help to control floods and finally the floods can be controlled by restoring the original drainage system. See the original drainage system across the country are encroached for various purposes like construction of roads, railways, buildings, canals and etc. Due to this the excess water during the rainy season cannot be able to drain which in turn causes floods in urban areas. So if the original drainage system is restored then we'll be able to control floods. So that's all regarding this news article. With these learnt points now let us move on to the next news article discussion. Look at this news article according to the news article Mr Senthil Balaji a minister of Tamil Nadu was arrested by the enforcement directorate in a money laundering case. He was hospitalized due to his heart ailment. Yesterday the principal Sessions Court of Chennai allowed ED to conduct custodial interrogation for eight days at hospital itself after obtaining the opinion of his doctor. So in this context let us learn few facts about enforcement directorate, its jurisdiction and its powers. Now before that you have to know that enforcement directorate is a multi-disciplinary organization which works on the investigation of money laundering and violation of foreign exchange laws. ED comes under the Department of Revenue Ministry of Finance. See the origin of enforcement directorate dates back to 1st May 1956 and enforcement unit was formed in the Department of Economic Affairs for handling violations under foreign exchange regulation act 1947. In 1957 this unit was renamed as enforcement directorate. See the core value of ED includes integrity, accountability, commitment, excellence and impartiality and it is responsible for the enforcement of four different acts which includes prevention of money laundering act 2002 foreign exchange management act 1999, fugitive economic offenders act 2018 and foreign exchange regulation act 1972. See apart from the enforcement of these acts ED is empowered to sponsor cases of preventive detention with regard to contraventions of foreign exchange management act. Now talking about the functions of ED see some of the important powers of enforcement directorate include firstly the power to investigate any person or legal entity. See ED can investigate under the provisions of PMLA, FEMA and Fugitive Economic Offenders Act. Apart from this they can conduct searches and can seize any record or property found as a result of such searches. Apart from this under section 50 of PMLA enforcement directorate has the power to summon any person if it considers necessary and apart from this it can also recover fines, penalties and areas of penalties under the PMLA and FEMA. So that's all regarding have to know about enforcement directorate. So these learned points now let us move on to the next part of the news article discussion which is the preliminary practice question discussion. Now look at this question about central information commission three statements are given and you have to find how many statements are correct here. Statement one central information commission is a constitutional body see this statement is actually incorrect because constitution does not mention anywhere about central information commission so this statement is incorrect. Now look at the second statement the chief information commissioner is not eligible for reappointment. See this statement is actually correct they are not eligible for reappointment. Now the third statement says that chief information commissioner holds the office for the term of five years or 65 years of age whichever is earlier. See this statement is actually incorrect because the chief information commissioner holds the office for such term prescribed by the central government or until they attain the age of 65 years whichever is earlier. So the correct answer for the question is option A1D1. Now look at this question about landslides five factors are given and you have to find how many are the potential causes of landslides. Statement one earthquake, volcano, forest fires, erosion and mining. See here all these factors can cause landslides. In case you are not sure if volcanoes can cause landslides or not but you are sure with the other facts. Now look at the option you do not have an option only four which means your answer must be all five. So even now it's always wiser to look at your options even though UPSC no longer allows us to eliminate techniques. So the correct answer here is option D all five. Now look at this question about flood control four statements are given construction of dam center somewhere, a forest station, building embankments, construction of diversion channels. You have to find how many of these practices would help to control the floods. See here the correct answer for the question is option D all the four all the practices given here would help to control the floods. So the question displayed here is the main practice question for you today. Just go through the question, try to write an answer and post it in the comment section. With this we came to the end of the news article. If you like the video hit like, do comment and don't forget to subscribe to Shankar IAS Academy YouTube channel. Now thank you for listening.


Namaskar. I am delighted to join you at the fourth edition of the International Conference on Disaster Resilience Infrastructure. At the outset, we must remind ourselves that the solemn promise of the sustainable development goals is to leave no one behind. That is why we remain committed to meeting the needs of the poorest and the most vulnerable by building the next generation of infrastructure to realize their aspirations. And infrastructure is not just about creation capital assets and generating long-term return on investment. It is not about the numbers. It is not about the money. It is about people. It is about providing them highly quality dependable and sustainable services. In an equitable manner, people must be at the heart of any infrastructure growth story. And that is exactly what we in India are trying to do. As we scale up the provision of fundamental services in India, from education to health, from drinking water to sanitation, from electricity to transport, and much more, we are also tackling climate change in a very direct way. That is why at COP26 we have committed to attain net zero by 2070 in parallel with our developmental efforts. Friends, the development of infrastructure can unleash human potential in remarkable ways, but we must not take our infrastructure for granted. These systems have known and unknown challenges, including climate change. When we launched the CDRI in 2019, it was based on our own experience and felt needs. When a bridge gets washed away in floods, when a power line is broken by cyclonic beams, when a communication tower is damaged by forest fires, it disrupts the lives and livelihood of thousands of people directly. The consequences of such infrastructure damage can last for years and affect millions of people. So, the challenge before us is quite clear. With modern technology and knowledge at our disposal, can we create resilient infrastructure that is built to last? Recognization of this challenge underpins the creation of the CDRI, the fact that this coalition has expanded and received wide support from across the world indicates that this is our shared concern. Friends, in the short time of two and a half years, the CDRI has taken important initiatives and made valuable contributions. The initiatives on infrastructure for resilient island states that were launched at COP26 last year is a clear expression of our commitment to work with small island countries. CDRIs work on strengthening the resilience of power system has already benefited communities in coastal India by reducing the duration of power disruption during cyclones. And this work progresses to the next phase. It can be scaled up to benefit over 130 million people who are exposed to tropical cyclones every year. CDRIs work on resilient airports, stunning 150 airports around the world. It has the potential to contribute to the resilience of global connectivity. The global assessment of disaster resilience of infrastructure system that is being led by CDRI will help create global knowledge that would be immensely valuable. CDRI fellows from across the member states are already producing solutions that can be scaled up. They are also creating a global network of committed professionals that will help save a resilient future to our infrastructure systems. Friends, to make our future resilient, we have to work towards a resilient infrastructure transition which is the primary focus of this conference. Resilient infrastructure can also be the centerpiece of our wider adoption efforts. If we make infrastructure resilient, we prevent disasters not only for ourselves, but for many future generations. It is a shared dream, a shared vision that we can and we must translate into reality. Before I conclude, I would like to congratulate the CDRI and the United States government for co-hosting this conference. I also wish to extend my best wishes to all partners who have co-created this event. I wish you all fruitful deliberations and productive discussions. Thank you. Thank you very much.


So here's Bob's reference frame and Alice's reference frame is moving with respect to this with speed v. Now let's say an event happens. So we've seen that we can record the coordinates of this event with respect to either reference frame and using the Galilean transformations, we can transform from one reference frame to the other. So there are some problems with the Galilean transformations, however. The first is that they don't take into account the fundamental effects that we've seen, like length contraction, time dilation, and relativity of simultaneity. The second is that they don't treat time properly in that Alice and Bob should each have their own time. The time Bob records an event taking is different to the time Alice records, while in the Galilean transformations there's only one time for everyone. Lastly, the Galilean transformations don't agree with the second postulate. So if I was running at half the speed of light and then I turned on a torch pointing forwards, emitting photons at the speed of light, Galilean transformations would suggest that someone standing and watching me would see those photons moving at one and a half times the speed of light. However, the second postulate says that everyone agrees on the speed of light, regardless of their initial reference frame. So what we're going to do now is derive the Lorentz transformations. So these are transformations between inertial reference frames. Only these are relativistic. They take into account all of the effects that we've discussed, but they also reduce to the Galilean transformations when your velocity is much less than the speed of light. As they should, because in everyday life we don't see these relativistic effects and everything works according to Galilean relativity. So there are three spatial coordinates, x, y, and z. But because it's easier to draw, we're just going to count x and y. So we're going to be assuming, like we have all this time, that Alice's and Bob's axes look like what we've got above. The y-axis are parallel, the x-axis lie across each other, and Alice moves along Bob's x-axis with a constant velocity v. So no acceleration, no turning. So we can start off by seeing, how do we transform the y-coordinate between frames? So we've seen that with the x-coordinate, we can have things like length contraction. A train in Alice's frame will have a different length to its length in Bob's frame. However, there is no length contraction along the y-axis. To see this, let's suppose that there was length contraction in the y and z directions. So when an object moves really fast in the x direction, its y and z axes will contract. Now in this universe, we have two rings. One green, one pink, both with the same size, and they're flying towards each other at equal speed. Now in the reference frame of the green ring, it is stationary while the pink ring is moving towards it. So if there's some sort of length contraction, the green ring will see the pink ring being shrunk. So if we imagine that there's some paper stretched in the middle of both of these rings, the pink ring will punch a hole in the green ring's paper. But now what about in the pink ring's frame? Well, in the pink ring's frame, it is stationary while the green ring is flying towards it, which means the green ring must be length contracted. But in this case, the green ring would punch a hole in the pink ring's paper. Now this is a contradiction, because depending on our frame, we think one ring remains intact while the other ring is punctured. So because of this, there can be no length contraction in the directions orthogonal to the motion. And similarly, there can't be any sort of length expansion. So this tells us that the height Alice measures along her y-axis is the same as the height Bob measures along his. So in other words, yB is equal to yA.


So you have made your decision. You are gonna learn 3D. Not a problem. Now, your style really isn't something that you should worry about, but it is something that you should keep in mind so that you have a general sense of what direction you are building your experience. Your modeling style is a mix between your poly count and your artistic preferences. But in this video, we are just gonna cover poly count and the differences between. So just to be clear, if you were learning 3D modeling in order to become a professional or you have no idea what your art style is, I would follow Godfather Guru's advice and go for a photo-realistic high poly art style. That being said, for those of you who are doing this for fun, if you just love making things and you're not super concerned with being hired, you just wanna create something awesome and you are okay with the idea of practicing and improving your art over time. If this is you, then you are in the right place. But you have to understand that your modeling style is usually not something that you learn. It's something you find and you find it by balancing what you really want with how much time you can afford to spend. Have you ever noticed that the cover art for a manga or an anime is almost always super different from the way it's drawn in the story? Like even if it's the same guy drawing everything. Well, the reason for that is when you are creating the project, you don't have time to make every single frame as good as your imagination. If you have four days to draw 500 frames, well, then you simply can't afford an art style that takes 12 hours for one frame. So generally what you would do is say, okay, I have four days, I can work six hours a day, maybe eight if my lady friend isn't feeling lonely. So that gives me 24 hours to make 500 frames, which basically means that each frame has to be drawn in three minutes. So whatever the best you can do in three minutes is, that becomes your art style. And this concept is just as important in 3D as it is in 2D. Modeling basically falls into three categories. Low poly, mid poly, and high poly. And they have very different strengths, very different weaknesses and are used for very different reasons. And which one you pick is gonna determine how big your projects can be and how long they are gonna take. Low poly is the stuff you see from the first Star Fox, Mario 64, Zelda Ocarina of Time. This is the stuff where the main character has a poly count of about 300 faces. Now, you are not gonna wow anyone with your low poly graphics, but you can make giant projects very quickly. And as long as you have a charm in art style, a nice shader, and fluid animation, it's probably one of the best choices for a small team, especially if you're doing mobile games. Mid poly is the stuff that you start to see around the GameCube, PlayStation 2, and original Xbox era. Character models for these projects generally had somewhere between 1,000 and 10,000 polygon. It takes a little bit more work than low poly, but what's great about this style is it looks noticeably better while still keeping the poly count modest. But what makes this style so powerful is your ability to give the illusion that your mid poly work is actually high poly. And you can do this with amazing texture and bump maps. High poly is generally anything beyond 20,000 faces. Pretty much every triple A game and movie that came after Call of Duty 4 dances somewhere around the high poly area. The pros to this style are, it looks amazing. Then people are probably willing to look at your project even if everything else about it is meh.  You need very powerful computers to render it, and everyone is gonna scrutinize every little detail that isn't perfected. It's a high risk, high reward art style. So when you are deciding to poly count for your project, then think about the style that's gonna give your team the most mileage. Obviously, if you have unlimited resources in time, high poly is probably the one that everyone imagines for their project. But if your project is really big and your team is really small, photo realism might not be feasible without scaling down. And that is where mid and low poly styles shine. Remember, low poly art styles allow small teams to make big worlds. Let's assume that you're part of a standard three person team working on an indie game. You got one programmer, one sound guy, and you, the modeler slash animator. If you guys want your project to look like the remake of Final Fantasy 7, assuming all three of you are professional and know what you're doing, modeling, UVing, and texturing the character, it's probably gonna take about a week or two. Rigging, weight painting, and completing all the animations for that character, it's probably gonna take another two or three weeks. All right, now you gotta do that for every single character. Let's pretend your entire game only has seven characters, which is super unrealistic because games usually have things like NPCs, enemies, bosses, but whatever. Let's just say that you only need to do seven for the entire game.  Now you have to make all the environment. Now you have to add special effects and particles to your animations. You gotta put in the water, maybe some clouds, fix the lighting. What about the trees? What about the mountains in the background? Did anyone write the story yet? Did we find voice actors? Have they even been recorded yet? Because if not, you can't finish any talking animations. What about the sound effects? Is the music guy still alive? Or did he starve to death while we were modeling our characters? You can see how even a small project in high poly could easily eat years of your time. And that's assuming you already know how to do this stuff. But everything changes if you scale down the poly. If you are doing low poly, you could make seven characters a week. Do some quick rigging, slap on some motion capture, and have all the characters animated the next week. And now you have five extra months to build that world. Fix the dialogue, find the perfect lighting for each area, whatever. As long as you have a charm and art style with good texture maps and a nice shader, a lot of people probably won't even care that it's mid or low poly. And that brings me to my final and probably most important point, your art style. The poly count might control how fast you can work, but your style is ultimately what controls how good it looks. Low poly can look awesome if you have a beautiful style. Likewise, just because something has two million faces does not mean it looks good. The same way that there are thousands of different ways to draw anime, there are thousands of different ways to model. And the trick is to find a way to compliment your poly count with your art style, which we will talk about in the next video. Anyway, hope that helps. Please don't forget to ring that bell. Otherwise you will never know when I upload new stuff. And as always, hope you have a fantastic day and I'll see you around.


Hi, welcome back to preschool storytime from the Long Beach Public Library. My name is Miss Shayna and I'll be your storyteller today. Do you hear that? Hi, Storytime Fairy. Is this for me? Whoa, thank you so much. I think I hear something in here. Thank you, Storytime Fairy. Do you hear that funny sound? What could be in here? I wonder. A little green lily pad? Something else in here. This looks like a big toad. That's a lot of fun. Well, I think we know what Storytime is about today. Ribbit, ribbit. Today's story is called by the light of the moon. It's written by one of my favorite author illustrators, Fran Preston Gannon. Illustrations are so beautiful. The frog play in the little guitar and a little tiny dragonfly listening over here on the lily pad. Little frog sat in the nighttime air in the swamp by the light of the moon. He sat all alone on the little green pond singing his little frog tune. All by himself, his voice was so quiet that he stopped and he let out a sigh. Singing alone is not much fun. What a sad lonely froggy am I. Do you like to sing when you're by yourself? I do, but I also really miss singing with you all at Storytime and I hope we can again soon. So he hopped and he jumped over lily pad leaves and into the blue of the night to find someone else to join his song and make it sound just right. Who do you think he can find in the pond to sing with him? I think I heard one of you say crocodile. He found a friendly crocodile who was drumming and humming in time. My friend he called, will you sing with me? Will you add your song to mine? So the crocodile hummed and beat his drum while the little frog sang his tune. But something was wrong as they both sang along in the swamp by the light of the moon. Do you think they have enough voices yet? He got a drum, he got a froggy and a guitar and crocodile. They found a group of musical mice whose sang played a flute and a gong. They made a nice trio, the little frog thought, and he asked them if they'd sing along. So the mice sang high in the dark night sky and the crocodile hummed and beat his drum while the little frog sang his tune. But something was wrong as they all sang along in the swamp by the light of the moon. Down in the murky depths of the pond some little fish swam to and fro. Froggy called down, will you sing with us? So they added their voice to the flow. So the fish sang loud, their voices proud. The mice sang high in the dark night sky and the crocodile hummed and beat his drum while the little frog sang his tune. But something was wrong as they all sang along in the swamp by the light of the moon. Some birds flew down from high above when they heard the hullabaloo. We love this song you're singing, they said, and we'd like to join in too. So the birds sang along and added their song. The fish sang loud, their voice is proud. The mice sang high in the dark night sky and the crocodile hummed and beat his drum while the little frog sang his tune. But something was wrong as they all sang along in the swamp by the light of the moon. Froggy put down his small guitar. Somehow it still wasn't right. Then he saw a shy little bug not adding her song to the night. What's wrong, he said? Why are you so quiet? Please join in and sing along. Not me, said the little bug. I'm far too small and my voice is not very strong. My friend said, Froggy, your song is unique and important like all of the rest. Even small voices count. So let's hear yours. Only you can sing your song best. So the bug sang out her very own song and her small voice carried far. She buzzed and she buzzed to the beat of the swamp and she lit up the night. Maybe she wasn't a dragonfly, maybe she was a little lightning bug. Then the birds sang along and added their song. The fish sang loud, their voice is proud. The mice sang high in the dark night sky and the crocodile hummed and beat his drum while the little frog sang his tune. And as the song spread all through the swamp, each voice blended in with the rest. Now everyone knew that the song of the swamp needed everyone's voice to sound best. Together the animals, the plants in the moon, the earth, the pond and the shining stars too. They all sang together their wonderful tune. In the swamp by the light of the moon, the moon. In the swamp by the light of the moon. Wasn't that a nice story? I'm so glad that the little lightning bug got the courage to sing. I'm so glad they all sang together. Now I'd like to sing a song that you're probably familiar with. Five green and speckled frogs. I know what you're thinking. Miss Shayna, there's only four green speckled frogs there. You're right. I lost one of them. So if you find a little felt frog hopping around, will you please return to the library for me? He misses his friends. But today we'll sing about four green and speckled frogs. Show me your froggies and your log. Four green and speckled frogs sat on a speckled log eating some most delicious bugs. Yum, yum. One jumped into the pool. Twist nice and cool. Now there are three green speckled frogs. Three green and speckled frogs sat on a speckled log eating some most delicious bugs. Yum, yum. One jumped into the pool. Where it was nice and cool. Now there are two green speckled frogs. Two green and speckled frogs sat on a speckled log eating some most delicious bugs. Yum, yum. One jumped into the pool. Where it was nice and cool. Now there is one green speckled frog. One green and speckled frog sat on a speckled log eating some most delicious bugs. Yum, yum. She jumped into the pool. Where it was nice and cool. Splash. Now there are no green speckled frogs on the log, right? That's because they jumped into the cool pond. The end. Now I'd like to sing a song called where are the froggies when the north wind blows? It's a song about animals that hibernate during the winter and wake up in the springtime. For this song, if you'd like to grab a blanky or a scarf or hanky that you can hide underneath and pretend you're hibernating and sleeping like a little froggy in the mud, you can do that.  Where are the froggies when the north winds blow? We cannot see them in the ice and snow. Deep, deep down in the foggy, sleeping with tight, closed eyes. Warm spring sun comes out, froggies wake and hop about. Oh how happy they will be. A springtime word. Did you hop around little froggies? Great job. Now let's pretend we're bear cubs. Where do bears like to sleep in the winter? In a cave or a den? That's right.  And then when the spring sun comes out, we'll wake up and we'll crawl about like little baby bears, okay? Here we go. Sun, snow, deep, deep down in their densely. Baby bears, sleeping with the warm spring sun comes out, bears. Little baby bears, I saw you crawling around. Now let's pretend we're, what's an animal we might see here in California? Squirrels? I have little squirrels that were burying peanuts in my grass in the winter to store their food, but they would go to sleep in their tree. So let's be little squirrels nestled up in our tree, okay?  Are the squirrels when the morning cannot see them in the ice and snow? Way up high, the sun comes out. Great job little squirrels. Thank you so much for joining me today. I had so much fun sharing froggy stories and songs with you. I'll see you next time. Take care. Bye-bye.


The Memphis Grizzlies got their first one of the season last night after starting 0-5, so that only leaves one team in all of North American professional sports to be winless. And unfortunately, if you're a San Jose Sharks fan, you already know this, but it's the San Jose Sharks. They're 0-10-1 and led up 10 goals in back-to-back games last week. To put it lightly, it's not been very good. But there's a lot of season left, hockey's a long season. Can they turn it around?


Oh, it's very constricting Hey guys, this is my review here for the possession of Hannah Grace and I got shoehorned the trailer for this film had a kind of an Interesting concept the idea of a mortician working in a morgue and she receives a body that was Killed during a exorcism because of the demon inside that sound like a cool idea also this girl is suffering from her own kind of demons her own sort of mental breakdown so the whole Concept of the trailer looked like she was trying to figure out what was real What was the demon and trying to convince herself that what was happening was not at just inside her mind? And that concept would have worked if they shot the movie like that after a somewhat interesting start to the film. There's a person who is straight-up murdered super murdered really really quickly and That's when the movie just breaks because up until this point once the girl's body arrives at the hospital They are kind of going through the numbers of trying to say that this is Maybe in her mind you don't know what's real and what's not and then this random other dude just comes down while She's away and gets super murdered and it's at that point where you're just like, okay You threw away the concept so now this is just a run-of-the-mill sort of possession movie And then the same thing happens like three frickin times It's very repetitive and this is unfortunate too because this concept is a cool idea But really this was probably a good idea on paper as a short film as a full-length feature It suffers the characters aren't the worst, but they're not really good either the film falls in incredibly predictable predictable onset every scare While at first they're okay because they're not super jump scary. They're not using loud bomb music. They're not in your face They're not using music and ambience noise to create that But then they throw that all away and start using that shit later on the movie the most impressive thing I would say is the effects slash actual physical work done by the girl who plays Hannah Grace This poor girl is naked throughout the whole movie basically, but she is creepy She has absolutely incredibly creepy movements, and it's pretty cool. I did like that aspect of her every time she moves Up until the point is pretty horrifying and then at one point she slithers into this Elevator while the girl the main girl is not looking and it looked really funny because she had to wait for the door to Close to go up and then that's another thing too.  I thought it was gonna be at least okay, but really it's garbage So in the end my score number for the possession of Hannah Grace is a two out of seven It's been this movie's a stupidest fallen kingdom Well if you guys enjoyed this review if you did leave a like and if you're interested in more Maybe subscribe. Otherwise, that's all for me guys. See you guys next time


James Allen once said that you are today or your thoughts have brought you you will be tomorrow where your thoughts take you and That's a very relevant quote to what we're going to talk about today We're going to talk about the power of your thoughts in regards to reprogramming your subconscious mind Why is so important and why you should really pay attention to what you're thinking of? Okay in regards to subconscious mind and the conscious mind I want you to think of this analogy think of your mind as kind of like a company, right a Company where you have the executive or the CEO that's your conscious mind And then you have the rest of the company. That's your subconscious mind So the executive the CEO he makes the big decisions you make the choices you point to the company in whichever direction you think is appropriate and You don't pay attention to the knit and gritty to the things that happen below you don't pay too much attention to the Advertisers you don't pay too much attention to the cleaners To the Workers to the managers all these other people that's the subconscious mind the people that actually get the company going The people that do the hard work the conscious mind just points in the direction So your conscious mind your thoughts are going to point you in the direction of what you're going to achieve in life Because what happens is whatever you think of repetitively over and over and over and over again Get soaked up in the subconscious mind until it now becomes automatic and then the trajectory of your life is set Right, so if you're someone who's thinking about negative thoughts all the time You're always thinking about how you're ugly how people don't like you how you're gonna fail Whatever things you try to achieve All these things are negative right if you do it repetitively repetitively if you have victim mindset repetitively repetitively It becomes automatic that's why you see some people with these characteristics Especially like the victim mindset they always see the negatives in situations They always complain about things because it's no longer them. That's doing it. It's now the subconscious mind They're now pretty much a robot right so This is important because if you can learn to program positive things you can start seeing the Other side of the spectrum of the subconscious mind where you're going to always have good thoughts You're always going to have success in life You're gonna have confidence high self-esteem because those things are essentially gonna be a part of yourself Now I want to talk a little bit about this thing called the reticulate activation system now Mothers can attest to this that you might have a woman who Previously was able to sleep through heavy traffic ride with ease as soon as she becomes a mother As soon as she hears the faint noise of the baby crying She can wake up and go help the baby. That's because her reticulate activation system has now changed to be able to Pick up on those things. It's pretty much a filtering software It's why when you're in a loud room where people are talking you don't really pay attention to what's going on around you But if someone mentions your name boom you zone in and pay attention reticulate activation system has been made in such a Way to pay attention to those things to things that your subconscious mind knows to be important so When we program our reticulate activation system or a subconscious mind for success productivity We're essentially going to see these things without effort or you program them for negatively We're gonna find the problems and situations without effort. That's why some people That program that mines for negativity with repetitive negative thoughts they can be given five complements six complements and One point criticism and they'll pay attention to that criticism Over the complements right because they might literally zones into the negativity its program to do that Someone on the other side of spectrum who programs the subconscious mind to pick up on positivity to pick up on the good things alive We'll essentially have a cruise your time gone through life for example me in regards to subconscious mind Stoicism whenever I'm faced with a situation where I'm uncertain about particular outcome back What two things to believe in for example someone cuts me off while I'm driving and speeds off You don't know why they're speeding off You got to think of them as being a jackass as being an asshole and doing on purpose to annoy you or you could think of Them as maybe they're in a hurry. There's a reason for them to do that I always take the positive side because in the grand scheme of things what they're actually doing doesn't matter But your perception will be reaction to it at that moment is what matters It's gonna influence the quality of life I always take the positive and that's because I program my subconscious mind to take the positives So that's a very powerful thing indeed now thinking a lot of great person development groomers or the past and talking about it, you know James Allen Thinking grow rich until my I mean James Allen and as a man think it the point hill and thinking grow rich and All these people like the book cycle seven X they always talk about your thoughts thoughts and if you Get deeper down a rabbit hole person development of studying the subconscious mind of actually practicing these things and Trying it out for yourself. You will see that your thoughts do have a huge impact on your life.  So it's up to you pay attention to your thoughts take stock And if you see yourself engaging in negativity that you don't want to be repented that you don't want to be automatic Make a conscious effort to stop it and make a conscious effort to Put the good stuff in until it echoes until it's part of subconscious So that's the video today guys Please put down your thoughts down below Comment like subscribe or a good stuff and I'll be seeing you next for the next installment of this subconscious mind reprogramming series I got plenty more baby. Don't worry about


The signal oil program The whistler that whistle is your signal for the signal oil program The whistler I am the whistler and I know many things for I walk by night I know many strange tales hidden in the hearts of men and women who have stepped into the shadows Yes, I know the nameless terrors of which they dare not speak Yes friends, it's time for the signal oil program the whistler Rated by independent research the most popular West Coast program in radio history In gasoline, you know it takes extra quality to give you extra mileage and Signal is the famous go farther gasoline So look for the signal circle sign in yellow and black that identifies friendly dealer-owned signal service stations from Canada to Mexico And now the whistler strange story a black book Paul had looked forward to the opening night in Philadelphia for months And if anything it had exceeded his brightest hopes In a way it was a reward for the four long years of struggle Since he'd come to Cecil Wenham's Ballet Arts Company as an unknown dancer from London Yes, Philadelphia was a wonderful opening with five curtain calls for him alone After specter of the road He knew he had America in the palm of his hand now that the morning papers would hail him as a star But he was no longer a promising newcomer, but a great dancer So it was ironic on that night in Philadelphia Where the applause still ringing in his ears that Cecil Wenham should come into Paul's room and Shatter his dream into a thousand bits Paul. Hello, Cecil. Paul. I've done it. I've signed her up You better tell me tomorrow. I'm dining with some friends a three-year contract exclusive with options on two more Look says I want you to meet up Paul. She's up in my office now. All right Who is it Cecil? Of course? I couldn't tell you her name until now, but Paul We've got the greatest choreographer and ballet mistress in the business I had a hard time persuading her to leave London a minute London. Oh, she's been topped over there for years. Who is it Cecil?  You know her but she doesn't turn. I'm buying her head not her feet She'll direct the company for us. She's she's out there now. Yes. Come on. I said I was late Cecil. Oh, come on Did you hear me? I'm late. I don't want to talk to anybody now. Please leave me alone Yes, it's ironic isn't it Paul this night of triumph the great performance the resounding applause Suddenly becomes meaningless And there's a heavy feeling of defeat inside you as you sink into the sofa in your dressing room alone now You sit there thinking half hearing the music of the finale and in your mind It seems to change slowly and strangely into another melody on a rehearsal piano Four years ago in a London theater a Couple moves downstage Center the young man steps to one side as the woman comes to a point in front of him The man is you Paul and the woman Catherine Valadon What's the matter now? You're supposed to lift me up that path. I know it then why did you stand there like an oaf? You are at least two beats behind. I was following the music. That's more than I can say for you Calling won't get us anywhere What's the trouble Catherine? I am waiting for Paul to decide to become a dancer Perhaps you can convince him mr. Brady. I am ready to give up. I'll be in my dressing room if you need me What's the idea Paul? She's always waiting for me to slip so she compounds. I had no right to talk to her like that The timing was off, and you know it.   I'll do nothing of the kind You'll do it or leave the company Look Brady, that's pretty unreasonable of you. I'm dealing with an unreasonable man What do you do as I say? Very well Brady Well Paul I've come to tell you that I'm sorry. How sweet of you. You can write that in your little black book, too In exactly three fifteen and a half on the afternoon of October 18th Paul Cartwell came into your dressing room and apologized humbly. Did you come here to insult me again? It would be a charming woman if you weren't such a machine Everything so so prompt precise exact. It's my profession. It's your life You're not human Catherine. Suppose you forget about me and concentrate on your own shortcoming. All right All right, I'm sorry Is he going on with the rehearsal? Of course All right. Let's try it again and this time keep your mind on your work Yes, it's coming back to you, isn't it Paul how you walked back on the stage with her humiliated raging inside Trying to ignore the embarrassed faces of the rest of the cast the pianist picked up your cue and the two of you move together She was poised before you on the point and as you moved in to lifter a single idea took hold of you Yes, there's a traditional hazard in the ballet Paul a dancer Dropped hard on a pointed toe will never dance again. You lift her above you higher and higher Then in a blind rage you relax your whole wishy-doctor. I can't say yet We're waiting for the X-rays is it is it all right for me to go in? Oh, of course her friends are in there with her. Thank you Why not you don't think a little thing like a bruised toe Hello Catherine Paul but a lovely bouquet. Hi, I hope you like them. I love them darling. It's so thoughtful of you Catherine I I Want to tell you how awful I feel I I don't know what happened. I'm not another word now It was an accident Paul cause it was happens in the best of come and they've all told me I'll be as good as ever in a week or so Now run along you too. I want the talk to pass sure enough. Keep it up old girl. Goodbye Kathy. Good. Bye 130 dear visiting ours, you know I'm so glad to take me this way Catherine. I felt like such a heel That's just it.  What do you mean?  Do you think I'm blind? Accident everyone's talking about my unfortunate accident not just a minute. You did not slip Paul I felt you let me go deliberately And don't think I've swallowed that sugar-coated nonsense about coming out of it as good as ever I'm through as a dancer And I know it Do you know what it's like to be through Paul? You know how it feels to lie in a hospital bed with everything behind you and Nothing ahead Well, you're going to know Paul. I'm going to show you if you take the rest of my life And that's what brought you to America Paul You never admitted it even to yourself Told yourself it was the war gave yourself a thousand other reasons But at the bottom of it was fear of a little black-eyed ballerina You knew would kill you if everything else failed her Yes, Paul Catherine Valadon has caught up with you at last in spite of the new name Paul Cooper the new country the new career And as you lean back on the sofa in your dressing room You know that here in Philadelphia in a single evening you've won and you've lost Mademoiselle Valadon may I present our star Paul Cooper?  I didn't intend to well Paul don't let it bother you mr. Venom Paul and I are old friends. We've been through a lot together in London Hadn't be Paul in those days it was Paul Cartnell though. I haven't say Catherine is always this way when he's tired mr. Venom Well, I better run along You can call the rehearsal tomorrow morning at 9 sharp Please see that no one is late. Well taking over tomorrow. Yes, mr. Venom. I'm taking over tomorrow With the prologue of the black book the signal oil company brings you another strange story by the whistler But now a timely tip for you drivers The hot summer months ahead put an extra strain on a car's cooling system often causing motors to overheat That's why it's a good idea to have your signal dealer inspect your radiator now as Cars grow older radiators often become choked with rust and sludge To take care of this signal dealers have special rust and sludge dissolving compound That restores the radiators cooling efficiency, but can't harm the metal If your radiator has any small leaks your signal dealer has radiator sealer that stops them in a jiffy and In any case even with new cars It's wise to add rust preventative that protects both radiator and motor from future corrosion You see signal service stations are much more than places to buy signals famous go farther gasoline and signal premium motor oil Wherever you see signal circle sign in yellow and black there You'll also find complete conscientious signal service to help your car run better Look better and last longer And now back to the whistler So it all came to a climax in Philadelphia Paul with a ballet performance of specter of the rose that made all the years of struggle worthwhile and It's strange somehow that on your night of triumph a woman named Catherine Valadon should walk out of your past and threaten to destroy it all You're positive There's only one reason why she came to the company as choreographer The reason she gave you in that London hospital room four years ago You know how it feels to lie in bed with everything behind you and nothing ahead. Well, you're going to know Paul I'm going to show you if it takes the rest of my life By morning, you know, there's only one answer you've got to make when him change his mind Tell you it won't work. Cecil. I the valedon goes that I do What's happening to you Paul? Catherine's doing such a fine job. I want you to pull yourself together and start that I refuse to go on tour under these conditions Oh Must I remind you of your contract? I don't care. Well, you'd better care if it's violated. You'll never dance again Never dance again That's what you said. Well, listen when him You don't know her. She's not just trying to drive me out of the company. It's more than that She'll stop at nothing. I don't understand you Paul what I can't tell you anymore But you've got to make a choice right now Cecil Valedon or me I want you both for the good of the company However, if you force me well, you're big, but you can be replaced. All right All right replace me. There are other companies who you're talking nonsense Furthermore, your contract is not for sale. I can hold you for two years Even if I put you to work shifting scenery, you don't even have to dance, you know You better run along now. Valadon's waiting for you at rehearsal It's no use Paul you're back in the old routine under Catherine's thumb again Just like four years ago in London only she's worse now, isn't she much worse because she's doing it all for a purpose Yes, and she doesn't let up for an instant everyone Well, our prima donna has finally decided to attend the rehearsal I'm Sorry, I'm late. I wasn't sure what time the call is on the board Yes, a Parisian 10 30 a.m. Sharp Can I be clearer than that is the world going to fall apart if I'm two minutes late a real artist takes pride in precision I Prefer to save it for the dance an Excellent idea. You'll need it in the new specialty. I'm preparing. What are you talking about? I'm working out the choreography now. It's a part to do especially for you Paul I want to have it ready by the time we go on tour You're frantic now not knowing what's in the back of her mind and during the days that follow you wonder about the special dance She's preparing what she meant when she said it was especially for you It becomes clear the afternoon.  I meant to tell you more about Eric Paul. He'll be an excellent supporting partner for you partner The new ballet I'm creating Mr. Benham thinks it's very original Actually, it's based on something we used to do in London. You and I Captain, what are you trying to do? Remember Paul the one we were rehearsing the day you slipped I've rearranged it entirely Eric here takes your place you take mine I take your place. It sounds like an exciting number to me. Mr. Cooper Eric Why don't you go get mr. Benham will run through it for him sure thing miss Bella don't be right back Kevin what is this? Why did you hire that hot? Please He's sweet to his friends and devoted to I suppose he'd do anything you tell him perhaps But you needn't worry about the dance. He is very strong Paul, but I won't do it captain If you think I'll fall for this crude attempted revenge revenge That's the most you ever admitted. Well, I don't know. Perhaps I should recall that little London incident to the trade papers Let them know that they're celebrated Paul Cooper. It's actually the Paul Cartnell who deliberately dropped the great ballerina And made certain that Catherine Balladon would never dance again That's all forgotten you wouldn't make a new rehearse this number with Eric Have it ready for the time when we want to add some variety to the program Whatever you say good You should enjoy it Paul as Eric said it will be very exciting The tour that follows is a nightmare with each new city at threat You've rehearsed the new ballet with Eric and all but the spectacular bit which is to be performed on a high platform And you never know when Catherine will decide that the time is right for her revenge She knows you're afraid Paul. That's all part of it keeping you in suspense this way From Philadelphia the company goes to Cincinnati then St. Louis Chicago and on west to Denver You expect the crisis there, but it doesn't happen Finally in the last night in Denver when there's only San Francisco left ahead You decide you can't stand it any longer that you must face Catherine and have it out As you approach your dressing room you hear her talking to someone and step back out of sight as the door opens Are we going on ahead of the rest of the company miss balladon? Yes? I have to make extra arrangements the thing we discussed Eric It's coming off in San Francisco. Well, I've been wondering if you changed your mind You start after them Paul and then stop confused wondering Through the open door of Catherine's dressing room You catch sight of a notebook on a dressing table the famous black book that contains every move She makes every decision every appointment you hurry over to it come through the pages before she comes back It's all there Paul the hotel on Knob Hill where Catherine will be staying her room number the business meeting A list of appointments the last one with Eric to end promptly at 11 tomorrow night Then at the top of the next page the thing you're looking for final rehearsal Cooper specialty Monday 9 a.m. There's no question now Paul. She's made up her mind. You're going to have an accident Monday Oh There's still an alternative of course you can let Catherine end your career or Meet her on her own ground By the time she's left on the train. You still haven't decided It's the only thing on your mind as you stand in line at the railroad terminal waiting to pick up your reservation There's a worried little man ahead of you. Listen. I've simply got to get space on that San Francisco train I can give you an upper on the next one, but it won't do it won't do it all You see I'm meeting the steamer there the silver star sailing for Shanghai the next train will miss it. I'm awfully sorry, sir Perhaps if you wait around there'll be a cancellation. Oh, I see. Thank you It comes to you at that moment Paul this is perfect This train you'd plan to take ahead of the rest of the company the frantic little man desperate for a ticket on his way out of the country You pick up your reservation Walk over to the stranger pacing anxiously in the corner of the station lobby Excuse me You wanted to go to San Francisco tonight. Yes. I've simply got to get on that train. So I heard I Have a ticket here. I want somebody to use. Oh, I'm a traveling man. You see and uh, well I I want my boss to think that I'm on that train. Oh, but isn't nothing to it All you have to do is travel in my name of Paul Cooper What about it a cooper and mr. For a place on that train I travel is Mickey Mouse. Oh, fine. Then it's a deal Mr. Cooper Time is your next flight for San Francisco. Oh, not till then I could do almost as well by leaving by train tonight I guess I can use an hour and a half extra sleep as well as anybody Send the ticket over to the Denver Hotel, please. I'll leave the money at the desk. The name is Jackson An hour and a half Paul that's how much time you'll have but it's enough for your honor schedule now too as Exact a schedule is the one in tasselans little black book You stay overnight at the Denver Hotel under the name of Jackson then pick up your plane ticket the next afternoon at 5 You're taking off for San Francisco It's a swift flight uneventful and half an hour after landing at mills field You're stepping out of the elevator on the top floor of Catherine's hotel You wait until the elevator starts down and then hurry to the stairs Catherine's room is actually two floors below You glance at your watch as you knock softly on a door 1135 and the black book told you her appointment with Eric was to end promptly at 11 You can depend on that You're doing here at the sum of night. I thought you were on the train. I am on the train Catherine What's the matter with you?  What's this all about? I have you come here to see you what about Your unfinished business Catherine. I don't want to discuss that now. Please go Paul. No more discussions. Hey Catherine The appointments for the day over Complete There'll be no interruptions What are you come here Catherine? Oh, no Let go of me. Oh, I'll let go Catherine just as I did once before but first As she falls to the floor You put the heavy brass candlestick back on the table cross quickly to the French doors leading onto the balcony and open them wide a Moment later you stand near the railing high over the glittering city Catherine's body in Iran The little black book will tell him she was all alone. Hold it Paul. No more appointments The body hurtling to the street will establish the moment of her death beyond any doubt And you can slip quietly down to the station just in time to make an appearance when the train arrives You lift her high upon the railing and then Cooper, what are you? Let go of her. Put her down get away from me. Leave me alone Okay Whatever was he trying to Good Lord, she's dead How did he ever expect to get away with it? Operator get me the police the whistler will return in just a moment with a strange ending to tonight's story Right now however, I'd like to clear up another mystery that baffles a good many drivers There are many brands of gasoline on the market some are naturally better than others But how can you measure the quality of gasoline? Well, there's one very simple way if you just keep this in mind to give you superior performance quicker starting faster Pick up and smoother knock-free power a gasoline must help your motor run more efficiently Now when your motor runs more efficiently you naturally get better mileage and Mileage is something you can measure with your speedometer That's why signal says your speedometer is your best yardstick of gasoline quality Check yours and you'll find it's true in gasoline. It takes extra quality to go farther and Remember signal is the famous go farther gasoline And now back to the whistler The last you remember Paul is the smashing blow of Eric's fist there in Catherine Baladon's hotel room on the 12th floor Everything's quiet now. No tension. No fear. Just soft warm black No Paul it doesn't seem to matter now that you killed Catherine Baladon Because she forced you to choose between murder and a brilliant career And it doesn't matter either that on this night for the first time in all the years You've known her she failed to follow the schedule in the little black book to the minute You open your eyes Blinking into the glare of a white light at police headquarters Eric Ballard is talking to a quiet-faced man in plain clothes At first I couldn't see how he expected to get away with it the door unlocked and everything I got up there and walked right in I Found him about to drop the body over the balcony rail to the street trying to make it look like a suicide in What were you doing there Ballard? I was keeping an appointment. I had with her You were a little late for that appointment. What's your way? Yeah, I'm boys back with us. That's what did it.  She didn't go by the book. What's he talking about the notebook Miss Valadon kept her appointments in She changed the appointment didn't she Eric She changed you know her better than that that book was a religion with her. She lived by it Don't tell me she lived by it. I saw that book back in Denver Your appointment with her was to end at 11. That's where you slipped up. No, I didn't slip up. I was too careful I tell you I saw it. That's not what I'm talking about What do you mean? Take a look at your watch Cooper Watch yeah You forgot to set it back You see Cooper you're still on mountain standard time Let that whistle be your signal for the signal oil program the whistler each Monday at eight brought to you by the signal oil company marketers of signal gasoline and motor oil and fine quality automotive accessories Signal has asked me to remind you to get the most driving pleasure drive at sensible speeds be courteous and obey traffic regulations It may save a life possibly your own Featured in tonight's story were Jeanette Nolan and David Ellis The whistler was produced by George W. Allen with music by Wilbur hatch story by William Engvich and Was transmitted to our troops overseas by the armed forces radio service? This is Marvin Miller speaking for the signal oil company CBS the Columbia broadcasting system


Yeah, so what we see when we try to translate sentences that are neutral in English, for instance, I'm a doctor, I'm a teacher, things like that. The machine basically doesn't know who is speaking, so it picks a gender. In many languages you would need to pick one specific variant, so male or female. And so what we see is that when you translate, I'm a nurse, it will be in the female form, I'm a doctor, appears more often in the male form and so on. The data sets are not diverse, they're very big but no one checks whether there is a good representation of every group in our society and this can be on many levels. There's usually no representation of white males in our data. Yes, there is definitely bias when you look into translations created by machine translation systems at the moment. However, this bias has not been put there consciously. It's a side effect from the data that we've been feeding it and our own biases.