Hello and welcome to the CMC Markets Monday market update webinar with myself David Madden market analyst here at CMC Markets Today's date is Monday the 8th of January At least it is Monday the 8th of January This is our Monday weekly webinar What we will be going through as usual is the risk warnings a little risk warnings here on screen for you guys to read It essentially states that any topics that are covered here on the webinar are My comments on my views not to be These are my own personal comments views not to be construed as any explicit investment or trading advice It's very standard practice for our webinars here So have a quick read through of those of those those slides and what we then proceed with the webinar itself So the usual format for the webinar is I'll go to the risk warnings I'll talk about what's been going on the news I'll have a quick look at the economic calendar to see what lies ahead and in the bulk of the webinar where we spend looking at the major markets Indices couple of big indices a few of the big commodity a few of the big currency pairs and any any recommendations that you guys might have Mark the wise of a look at those and then we wrap the webinar itself So what's been going on the news over the weekend? Essentially equity markets are so are still in the kind of global equity markets I said in a very positive run that they have been in We've seen a strong obviously seen in America. We've seen quite a decent run in US equity markets It seemed like Dave Javu to be honest between record highs and the Dow S&P and the Dow Jones. We had a reasonably good. Okay, fairly good non-compare support last Friday The headline figure was a considerable miss We're expecting 190,000 jobs to have been added in December only 148,000 jobs are added, but guess what the November number was raised higher from 228,000 to 252,000 so that nice enough Move higher on the revision all the plans remained unchanged a couple of 1% meeting expectations Average earnings, which is it kind of a key detail On a monthly basis rose by 0.3% Inline with expectations and the increase and the previous reading of 0.2% and on an annual basis average earnings Remained unchanged and came in line in line with expectations of 2.5% So positive sentiment in global equities has seen the FTSE here in London The FTSE 100 and the FTSE 200 both ratchet up record highs today, even though we have come back a bit On the London market, we still managed to on the FTSE 100 We still managed to eke out a fresh record high France and Germany both posted Both posted multi-month highs so sentiment in the Eurozone is quite strong as well We did see at the back in the last week CPI in the Eurozone ticked down ever so slightly and Which is if at all considering a lot of the economic indicators of the Eurozone having quite positive Particularly I said France and Germany three in powerhouses of the Eurozone, but the tickdown in inflation and the cost of living That's something that's going to worry Mario Draghi the head of the ECB He's often got complained about low inflation or sluggish inflation in the region Which is just weak demand and bitter Draghi feels that the man is in high He's more likely to keep the bond buying scheme in place now now that we're in 2018 the multi bond buying scheme by the ECB Has got to be reduced down to only 30 billion euros a month and that's going to run off in September this year But with the dragon is constantly consistently left the door open to add an extension of the easing program or perhaps even a Beefing up of the multi bond buying size should he feel it's required and I think inflation Is it is it is a pretty important indicator that Mr. Draghi keeps an eye on for? So we've also seen a fairly decent start at least in the morning time At least at 8 in the morning for the euros of equity market. So let's have a quick look at what's what is on the week ahead in terms of economic indicators For those of you who are familiar with the trading platform under market pulse scroll down fourth option down Market calendar and it gives you the breakdown of the very different economic indicators that we've had out So first off the bat we know this morning Manufacturing orders in Germany and a month a month basis declined by 0.4 percent the forecast was for a rise of 0.5 percent and the previous reading was a rise of 0.5 percent How is price in the UK and a month a month basis according to highly facts dipped by 0.6 percent They're expecting a reading an increase of 0.2 and the previous Reading was an increase of 0.5. So this is the format It'll be the actual once it's out and show you the forecast the expected and the shots to show show you what was previously What was the previous report was? To be honest with you, it's a relatively quiet week There's a whole lot going on but the same in terms of an issue of economic announcements That doesn't necessarily mean that the issue of economic index that the markets won't be interesting So take a look to tomorrow. We're building approvals of Australia We're trading the Aussie Donner. Please keep an eye on that. We have German industrial production early doors tomorrow morning 7 a.m We also have German trade data at the same time later on in morning. We have French trade figures coming out And then we have a Eurozone auto-employment rate, which is tip to fall to 8.7 percent down from 8.8 percent Looking ahead to Wednesday We have this is the first kind of big day of Chinese news on Wednesday The early hours of Wednesday morning. We have Chinese CPI and Chinese PPI We're expecting that the inflation rate to take up to 1 by 9 percent from 1 by 7 which is fairly size of the move but At the same time we're expecting PPI which can measure measures the more the producer price index Which measures more in relation to cost of materials and inputs for the factory side I think that's the industrial side of the economy actually to fall to 4.8 percent Any indications about the Chinese economy is growing or slowing Broadly speaking it's been slowing for the last number of years, but it's slowing if it continues to cool down a gear Without actually folding up the clevering. I don't think traders are going to be too worried Later on Wednesday morning. We have manufacturing output and industrial output from the UK And then as always as always every Wednesday We have the oil and energy figures coming out so I'm trying to train the energy markets The old markets needs to keep an eye out for the old figures Looking ahead to Thursday Okay, it's a relatively quiet session on Thursday I suppose the biggest one to keep an eye out for is going to be industrial production from the Eurozone Then followed by jobless claims in the United States And then we also have Japanese trade figures out very late on Thursday night and on Friday We've numbers coming out from China again Trade figures out in China so anyone trading the mining companies or high-grade companies to keep an eye on these because even though we're talking about the actual percentage terms of imports and exports and the value of the trade Traders like to break that down into the imports and the exports component if they're importing a lot of Imports are quite strong. You could see a push higher in mining companies like Rio Tinto or beachy peloton and so on So it's a good parameter of how kind of mineral hungry China is Scrolling down for the rest of the day. We have CPI numbers coming out of Spain Later on in the trading session we've industrial production numbers coming out of Italy And then also we have retail sales and CPI coming out of the United States around lunchtime on Friday So that that's sort of the kind of the major highlights of the week ahead of us as you can tell It isn't really going to be the basis week ahead of us, but nonetheless, let's have a look at the markets now So I'll run through the major indices a few commodities and a few currency pairs at the daily markets that I haven't covered But you want me to cover feel free to enter into the chat into the chat box What you like me to like me to have a look at So the thoughts you will under has been in a fairly solid upper trend since late November We can see here is the market so since early December rather last month. So we've managed to push higher Made a quite a decisive break north of the of the previous all-time high here and it's been pushing higher ever since So the trend is clearly to the upside and the sentiment is clearly bullish. What is ever so slightly concerning though? Prices is the most important indicator out there. Everything else comes secondary. So the price is hitting hitting all-time high That's kind of is that's probably the one to keep an eye out for rather than anything else But I will say this as the market is pushing higher and they're fairly steady and what a an aggressive upper trend We're notice how the markets creating all-time highs here But if you look at the MACD indicator the MACD histogram, we can see the rate of positive momentum is actually in decline It's a positive momentum is falling. So while the bulls are driving the price higher and higher fresh all-time highs We're not seeing higher highs on the MACD indicator So you have a divergence between the two it would suggest a buying pressure is running out of steam to the bulls and the buyers are Running out of steam. So we could see a bit of a pullback in the 2100 and Over the last few few months of the last five or six weeks The market has been pushing higher buying on the dip has been a popular strategy So if we do see any moves into the south in the FT100 We could expect to find support coming to play in around last Thursday's low in around 7,670 or perhaps even down to 7,640 these areas we potentially see that the FT100 pullback to But the overall trend for the past month has been at the upside So it's more than likely that the upward trend is going to continue and if that is that if that does continue We could see a head up towards 7,800 7,900 and then of course the big 8,000 would then be on the radar As I mentioned at the top of the webinar, we have seen multi-month highs on the Germany 30 the DAX So not as a late burst In in the late stage late December early January Reckon has moved consistently higher here. It's broadly speaking been trading at a range bound For about five or six weeks now again in mid-November up until New Year itself It's been largely can a trap within this range of say 13,300 down to around 12,800 so what a five hundred point range now that we find it kind of broken out of that We could be in could be a sign that we're actually gonna snap down that and we're looking to test the all-time highs Which were achieved in November? as the market was pushing higher here, you can notice how on the MacD indicator we can see how the Momentum swung from in the red from being in from being a negative territory to positive territory So as the markets moving higher, we're seeing again a positive momentum So the the momentum momentum the direction of the change the momentum confirms the price We can be more confident that this upward move is going to last So if you continue to push on higher, we keep looking at the target the all-time high of thirteen thousand five hundred and thirty four And then beyond that pictures you're looking towards thirteen thousand six hundred seven hundred eight hundred so on and so forth If you do manage to kind of dip dip again on the DAX We could look to kind of find support in around the thirteen thousand two hundred price in around here or maybe even down at this price action here of of thirteen thousand four hundred and thirty which is a fifty-day moving average and Notice how fifty moving average previously acted as a bit of resistance here in late December as record was pushing higher So and it has quite a bit of form Trading in or around that the fifty moving average from November and December as well So the more kind of format has in the past more likely it is to act again To be a crucial crucial price point in the future But if the market does make a decisive break south of the fifty moving average we could be looking at heading back down towards the January low Which comes into play down around the twelve thousand seven hundred and fifty region Take a look now. What's going on in France with the CAC 40 similar deal similar move here where the CAC was range bound from around say four thousand sorry five thousand four hundred and thirty down to around say Five thousand two hundred and sixty it was trapped in that range for a number of weeks Now we've managed to make a fairly decent kind of decisive move out of it Notice how when I pushed higher it really smashed above It really it really accelerated beyond the uh the mid-december highs of this price here five thousand four hundred and thirteen ish It's made a decisive break north of that We've got the all-time highs of say five thousand five hundred thirty seven just in sight So we it's it's likely to continue on it's more than likely to continue on in this upward trend The market's pushing higher positive momentum is quickly increasing So we could be looking at testing five thousand five hundred thirty seven In the coming days and then if you go beyond that Traders because it's all in charge of territory traders we're looking out for Big psychological numbers five thousand six hundred seven hundred eight or so on and so forth So but if you do manage to pull back on the the cac on cac 40 that the france 40 We could see support coming to play in around this price area here Of brown five thousand four hundred and thirty five notice on a few occasions It did act as resistance on the way up and when I finally broke north of it that that area now that resistance area May now access support on the way down Similarly enough you could see support coming to play in around the five thousand four hundred region Which right with roughly coincides with the fifth the day moving average and notice how we did see a lot of price consolidation In around that price action Previously and as I said, it was kind of it ran out of steam on a few occasions just at the pros with the moving average So we could see a bit of price action We could see some consolidation in round out that metric again, but if you do break south of that Next step is to watch out for to the downside will be the two-day moving average at five thousand two hundred sixty one notice on the mark of bounce off the fence at the two-day moving average Which was a considerable turn around because it effectively printed a fresh multi month low here bounce straight off the two-day moving average and then Reckish it on to create a multi month high So you get an indication of how much buying force came into into effect when I hit the two-day moving average I would turn our attention now to what's going on and the u.s. Indices and it is just Quite impressive what the american markets have been notching up over the last few weeks and months It's been a non-stop string of of um A non-stop string Of uh record highs, so it's been a very clear This is kind of a classic example of an upper trend market moves to a higher high higher low higher high Higher low higher high bit of consolidation here higher higher high yet again created. We could be looking at setting a A fresh auto up by today after things have been going I would be surprised if you do But seeing as we've been in a fairly obvious and consistent upper trend buying on the dip has been the popular strategies I do see a move lower in the the dow Jones. We may find some Sport in around here in around the 25,120 level Maybe even down as far as the 25,000 big big psychological number In around there It's so and even if you move south again We could find support in around the lows of late december in around the 24,700 region or even down here 24,535 price here Um, I'm moving to the upside seeing as we're a few things were Uh well north of 25,000 we could be looking ahead towards 25,300 400 500 so on and so forth Now the smp 500 it's very similar similar situation where it's a very string of uh of higher highs and higher lows and silent upward trend It's even quite it's even more more aggressive to move higher in the smp So as you can see classic example of markets going to do a higher high higher low higher high higher high Bit of sideways trading and only only to go out and create a fresh all-time high So the markets in a fairly solid very very strong upward trend If any can it move to the downside we may find some support down around here at 2715 2700 itself or perhaps even down to the late december low Of 2667 all these price areas could potentially act as support should the market turn over on itself Seeing as we're in a fairly up solid upward trend the market's pushing higher here We can see a swing to positive momentum. It's actually increasing. So you get so the momentum the increase in momentum confirms the increase in price So we could be looking at heading up towards north of this to 2000 2750 760 7777 17 so on and so forth On the flip side of the equation what we've got is what's going on in the price of gold Gold has it's a bit in the red today, but not too long ago. We were at three and a half month highs So I suspect we could be looking at a bit of consolidation period of gold or a pullback in gold before we potentially move to the next level next level higher If you look at the price of gold over the last 12 months from said From the lows of December last year broadly speaking the price has been pushing higher And if you look at the price action since mid to late december This Wednesday the 13th this this chart is this bar here It's when the federal reserve high rates and the left their their outlook for the 2018 on change that of course Is going to be it might outlook may not have a fairly long timeline Seeing as the the individuals that make up the federal reserve are going to change And we want you one of a better clue what the federal reserve are thinking until all those fed members are announced In the meantime the market has been in a fairly solid upper trend since mid november You can see here that the market started consisting with pushing higher as the start to push higher Negative meant to start to decline. It swung at a positive momentum territory which has been pushing higher and higher We have seen a bit of a pullback in the price. We've also seen a bit of a cooling off in the rate of a positive momentum So what we could see from gold is seeing as I made a fairly decisive break north of the october high Without to create a multi-month high a three and a half month high only last thursday We've pulled back ever so slightly from it since then what we could see in gold is we could see a bit of a drift lower Or a bit of a consolidate consolidation sideways move We could drift lower down towards 13 306 which coincides with the october high or perhaps even down towards 1300 Big psychological number and also coincides with the late november high Before we potentially look to move higher again And if we do continue this upper trend that we've been in since mid mid december We could be looking at heading up towards 13 34 Which is which is a lot of a large consolidation area from uh from september And if we go north of 30 34 both would then be looking towards the september high of 13 58 If we do manage to have a fairly decent breaks out of 1300 We may even find support in around the water day moving average at 12 89 or even down at the 50 moving average at 12 79 Notice how both the 50 moving average and the Water day moving average and the 50 moving average manage actors both support and resistance in late december And when they have that kind of previous contract record of doing that it makes it the more likely that they'll do it again in the future It's only if we have a kind of a decent break south of the eternity moving average Which comes into play around 12 72 Could then we when we get worried that we could be looking that this that this upward move is turning over on itself And then we could be heading back down towards 12 36 the uh the december low and if you go south of 12 36 We could be heading back down towards the 20 17 low Which which was created in july of 12 04 So the oil market now has a look quite strong recently. It's been up crude and w2 brain crude and w2 i Have been a fairly solid upward trends over over the last number of months over the last say six months We have seen a small bit of um price consolidation in the last two sessions the fine large the market is quite strong So the trend gone from july last from june last year has been very very consistently to the upside The pullbacks that we have seen have been quite aggressive, but that's the energy market for you But the direction of the price has been very much to the upside As I said, uh upward trends buying the dip has been a popular strategy and seeing as we just it would appear that we've Given back a few cents or the guts of a dollar in this move here We are seeing in terms of positive momentum cooling air itself slightly so we could see a bit of a period where The market ages a bit lower before potentially moving on to create another higher high because we are at We did create fresh two and a half year highs only last week So if we do end up kind of pushing a bit lower in the price of Of a bread crude in the next few sessions We could be looking at getting support in around the 67 62 area here Or maybe down even at 66 dollars a barrel or perhaps even down towards 65 dollars a barrel These are all areas you could potentially find buying by additional buyers coming to the fold should the market move lower But it's a bit in a very consistent upward trend over the last six months So the next big psychological order to look out for the upside will of course be 70 dollars per barrel WTI West Texas Intermediate has had a fairly similar looking chart in that's been gaining ground for the past six months But no and we've had recently hit a fresh two and a half year high not only last week But at the same time we've also had a period of consolidation and The market having it's ever so slight pullback So a very similar price here solid that up for a trend series of higher highs and higher lows Mark we don't create a fresh two and a half year high here on thursday We traded a bit lower as you can see the positive momentum was steadily increasing Confirming the positive moving the price and now we're seeing a slight decline in the positive momentum Just as we're seeing a slight decline in price. So the two are moving in tandem So what you could potentially see here is maybe a drift back down towards 61 or perhaps 60 dollars a barrel Or perhaps even that's low as 58 85 But as I was saying the the trend for the past six months has been to the upside Uh, it's uh, that saw us more like seeing as the trend has been going for six months It's more than likely that that that it will continue And if you manage to keep pushing higher on the price of wt on the price of wti The next big psychological Will of course be 63 dollars a barrel and 64 and 65 to the upside So we're coming up with a couple of currency a few currency pairs before we wrap things up Uh, any markets that I haven't covered and you would like me to cover Please feel free to stick it in the chat box now because we'll be wrapping up the webinar in the next five or ten minutes After I get a few major currency pairs out of the way So the big picture for the euro dollar, especially from the last from the last Come back from 2017 has been very much to the upside euros. I said a very impressive 2017 If you look at what it what it did after it hit the price level I got to in september Was the price of the hash in september and actually also for the recently as well We're not seeing since late 2014. So talking about basically three year highs for the euro versus the u.s. dollar After quite a positive run through the summons it gave back quite a bit of ground here But then ever since uh november it has probably been pushing higher and notice how the market here Ever so slightly didn't quite get there But on thursday last week it just nearly got to the september high and if you go north of that september high We'll be looking at fresh three year highs for the euro dollar. So That tells you kind of all you need to know about how bullish the market is about the euro versus the u.s. dollar So as you saw here in november, we did see alert from september to november we did see a bit of a pullback from the wider Seven months of gains previously and now we're seeing a bit of a pullback here So we could see it potentially a drift lower perhaps down as low down towards One 1961 the late november high or perhaps even down towards 119 because Psychological number and also you have quite a bit of price consolidation in around the 119 area And even if you go south of 119 we may even find support from the even the move from the 150 moving averages In around the 118 27 or probably even the 118 mark itself because notice how the market did manage to Act as a bit of support and resistance in around In the last number of months of all those metrics It's only if if you if you take off at the december low of 117 17 Then you might get worried then you might be thinking that the positive trend as Is turning over on itself and it moves south of 117 17 could take us back down to the november low of 15 54 The pound versus the u.s. Dollar the pounds been in a solid upward trend for the last nine months If you draw a low from if you draw a line from the from the low of march last year through the lows of october this year You'll see that there's been a fairly solid upward trend This low here draw a line through it to the october low not to be fair to it. It did manage to Break through the line on a few occasions in in the first few weeks of november, but it never managed to have a very decisive break So while it holds above this trend line here It's likely that the upward trend in the pound versus the dollar is going to continue and notice how here On wednesday last week, we didn't manage to get a fresh three and a half on high on the pound versus the u.s. dollar So gives an indication of what what what what market sentiment is like So the mark has been an upward trend for nine months. We hit a three and a half month high only last month So if we do see any kind of pullbacks, we could see some fresh buyers enter the fold So if you do see any any pullbacks in the price of the pound versus the u.s. dollar We may find some support in around 135 mark or even head down towards going to 134 And it's only in around the support line will potentially come into play in around the 133 60 or 70 mark While we remain north of this trend line here is this likely we could seek a continuation of the upward trend in cable It's only if you can have it have a decisive break of that trend line here If you have a decent move south of the water they move the average So if you get down to around 132 or so or a break 132 Then we could be looking ahead back down towards the kind of the 130 130 50 region which is in around a 100 200 day moving average Taking a look now at what's going on with the euro versus the british pound euro sterling So broadly speaking if you look at depends which kind of time frame you want to look at But since august euro sterling has broadly been kind of pushing lower estimate as it is your textbook example of lower of lower lows and lower high It isn't your typical example of lower lows and lower highs, but that's exactly what we've seen So we have the august high here You had the new low Lower high lower low lower high lower low And this this could potentially Be a lower high that we're seeing before we continue on and have a move south again This potentially what we could see So as it ran into resistance at the water day moving average and notice how we did see some trade north We did trade north of it at one or two occasions, but nothing managed to really stick We're not pushing south here for the time being it's getting support from the fifth day moving average because the fifth day moving average acts as support in late december If we do have a decisive break south of the fifth day moving average Which comes into play in around 88 55 Because then we had looking looking towards the maturity moving average which comes into play at zero spot 88 20 And if you go south of zero spot 88 to zero zero Then we could be looking heading back down towards the december now of zero spot 89 So 86 89 this this this price area here And notice how as the market was pushing higher here. We saw An increase in positive momentum And now as the market is looking like it's going to potentially turn over on itself What are we seeing here? We're seeing the positive momentum slide. So this is what i'm talking about for buy The market was moving higher But but at the same time it was moving higher and kind of lower momentum lower energy The the kind of the fury that the bulls had was kind of running out of steam So we could be looking at moving south and if you do move south we could be looking heading down towards 88 89 and if you do Take out that level that will be the creation of a new lower low And then we could be heading looking at heading back down towards 86 the figure Notice how we saw a better price consolidation in late may from that area So seeing as yet, you've know the suggestions about what markets we're going to look at I'm going to cover dollar yen and then show you a few things on the platform and then look to wrap up the webinar So if you take a look at the dollar yen if you look at the uh the lows in September on look at the price actually never since then it's been broadly been pushing higher It's been a bit erratic. I know but broadly speaking since the lows of september higher high higher low higher high higher low It did have a The lows in november did managed to take off the lows in october But since then the market has been pushing higher. It does appear to be very much range bound because It's fighting it's struggling to get to kind of say north to say 113 60 But at the same time we're getting quite decent support from the 112 area and Now now actually that actually kind of coincides with the water day moving average So while we remain north of 112 It's likely we could see And the the wider trend that's been in place since the lows of september The positive trend to remain in place and if you do keep pushing higher on the dollar yen The big level to watch out for to the upside will of course will be the December high, uh, which comes to play at 113 75s Beyond that 114 and then beyond that look towards 114 1773 and then if you go a bit north of that up towards 115 62 But if you do but if we if we do manage To uh to pretend that I decided to break south of 112 We could be looking heading back towards just south of 111 Which comes to play at the late at late november and if you take out 111 The next big level to keep an eye out for to the downside will be 110 and then south of that from the mid september low Of 109 55 So I'll show you a few quick things to keep an eye out for on our training platform Um under the market post tab you we have the Market calendar. That's where the economic calendar is but we also have We also have the insights section. Uh, that's the second tab down. I have a displayed here Insights is where we post economic economic updates. We talk about we advertise about very different webinars And seminars that we have going on We also some of the some of the articles to myself and the other round That's right to get posted to the insights sections if you want to keep an eye on what's going on news wise you can find it there under the chart forum Which chart for can be found under market pulse, which is the third option down What we're doing on chart forum is we take a quick snapshot of a particular chart and write a few words about what's going on On a particular chart talk about the direction of the uh price action and also comment on some key What could potentially be key prices Also to make us aware in terms of news analysis Some of the news analysis we do get posted to inside whereas some of it gets posted to our website Um, there's some crossover, but not a whole but not necessarily not not exclusively And if you go here the news analysis, give you a breakdown of the various different most recent articles Myself and other colleagues here at cmc post from around the globe And that's been out laced. Uh, just want to bring your attention to other webinars that we do have on Uh, so this is obviously today's one that you that you signed up for and this one here Is a the foundations of technical analysis. Uh, let's start tonight Um, monday the 8th of january at 1900 gmt 7 p.m. UK time I was starting to recommend having a listen to that because as a person who's gotten into technical analysis the last two years Uh, I can tell you that technical analysis is actually really worth paying attention to Especially to trade markets on a short-term basis Well, I do want to thank you for your time and your patience and for tuning in this week Please tune into our future webinars And uh, if we're not speaking simply before then have a good training week and good luck. Thank you for your time


I'm Jocelyn Bell Bernal, I'm an astrophysicist and for most of my working life I've been one of very few women in whatever place I've been working and it's been a bit lonely, a bit isolated. I'm keen that people of all abilities, all backgrounds who can do physics should get the chance to do so. I think it's important that they not only get the chance to do so but feel welcome as well. So please would you give 15 minutes of your time to help the Institute of Physics understand what needs to be done and help them by completing their questionnaire.


Like Lynn said, I'm going to talk today about service mesh and tendency and some of the problems that we've run into, where I work here at Sola, where we work with people adopting service mesh, and we'll look at some practical examples. I'll try to mix in some demos and then we'll look at some of the things that we've done as solutions that may be interesting to you all. So like Lynn said, my name is Christian, a global field CTO at Sola. I am super excited that I finally got, me and Renor got Istio and Action out the door. That took three and a half years. There's I think close to 500 pages of Istio knowledge in there accumulated over that time and it went to print back in March. We are doing a Meet the Author. I thought it was a book signing, but it's a, well, we'll give away digital copies of the book, but you can also request physical copies and we can send them out afterward. So at the Sola Con, the Sola Service Mesh Con booth at 510, come stop by. So I work at Sola. You've probably seen a few of us speaking here today. We work on solving application networking problems, how do services connect, and how do we drive policy for those services across, you know, anywhere where workloads might be deployed in Kubernetes, on VMs, across Kubernetes clusters, across private and public clouds. And we bring a lot of interesting open source technology to those solutions. So Service Mesh is a big part of it, Istio is a big part of it, you know, EVPF, which we used to help optimize the way the Service Mesh runs. And now, if you caught Idit's announcements earlier at the keynote, you know, bringing in Cilium and Layer 3, Layer 4 to complement that solution. If you're interested in these technologies, interested in being exposed to a lot of the customers and use cases that we see and the solutions that we push forward, we're hiring. So definitely please reach out. You may recognize some of us, not only having spoken here but being leaders and contributors, maintainers in the open source projects, Istio specifically, you know, and we bring a lot of that expertise to the people that we hire, so it's a good opportunity to learn as well as to our customers. I'll speak through some of these, I know some of the other sessions showed that. But getting to the main point, the main reason for this talk, as I was saying, we work with a lot of organizations that are adopting Service Mesh. And some of these organizations are the largest deployments in the world or the most complicated or approaching the most complicated because of the types of organizations that are adopting them. These are, you know, financial services companies or insurance companies, retail companies. A lot of them that have been around for a really long time. They have ways of, you know, how they run their business. They have organizational policies that you would have never guessed would make sense just by working in the open source. You have to actually go see and experience it for yourself, really. And so one of the things that you see that comes up almost every single time is when you are adopting this new technology, when you're modernized, you're bringing in containers, you're bringing in some of these cloud solutions, how do you expose these to the teams? To the developer teams? How do you integrate this in your platform? And tendency is something that frequently comes up, which is what we'll be talking about today. I was having an interesting discussion with a customer not that long ago. And they said they don't have this particular one, which I would have assumed of any of the customers we talked with would have a big tendency problem. They said, no, we don't have a tendency problem. Because we run a single cluster per application. And I was thinking, well, they must have had some tendency problem, otherwise they wouldn't have been running in that mode. But then I just threw this out there on Twitter and got a really, really good response to it. And you could see people were adopting and deploying Kubernetes clusters specifically in the way they looked at tendency in all of the different extremes that you could possibly imagine. One, some people responded, oh yeah, we run massive clusters, open shift clusters, or just whatever Kubernetes clusters. And they went into some of the details about the tendency problems there. And even responded that they run a single pod per cluster, which I thought hopefully was not real. But nevertheless, go through this thread. There's some interesting things there. But really the things that stood out, not only in that thread, but generally when we're talking about tendency and why it gets hard, involves a lot of different facets. It involves the infrastructure, of course. The way the teams are already organized and already working, and that varies between organizations. How you isolate the impact of one team doing something to disrupt another team, and that itself can be at multiple levels. But today we're going to talk about when you adopt a service mesh and you want to expose the capabilities of a service mesh, which are in some cases pretty broad and very powerful. How do you do that across these various teams? What mechanisms might already exist in the mesh that you might be looking at? Now, of course, I've been involved with Istio for a long time. I'll be looking at the lens of Istio. But the questions and the scenarios aren't tied to Istio specifically. So let's take a very simple example where you have a set of applications that you want to just expose for consumption. Istio has an ingress gateway, which not every service mesh has, but this is actually pretty useful as a way to get started with a service mesh if you're not comfortable deploying sidecar proxies everywhere. But starting with a single proxy, getting traffic into the system, and incrementally adding from there. It's a good place to start. Now, when you have multiple teams that you might be servicing or enabling with a mesh or with a technology like this, you have to take into account, well, I need to expose the service a certain way for this team. And this team actually wants to own more control or have more control over how it exposes its services. In Istio, there's already a split in the API between what happens on the gateway, what happens when we open a port, what protocol is it speaking, what security we might want to associate with it, some simple security. And then another part of the API that specifies traffic routing, and matching, and splitting, and so on. So this is the virtual service in Istio. So you can already see the API in Istio is thinking along the lines of, well, what are these different things that we can compartmentalize and configure? Let's jump real quick to a demo and see if, oh, I'm offline. I did connect to my phone. Let's see. I wasn't expecting to be kicked off, but we're going to jump real quick if we can to a demo where we walk through some of the nuances and then some of the details of Istio's API to get to that sweet spot of being able to enable multiple teams to configure various parts of the mesh. Let's see if you're just starting off, in this case, with a gateway. And this looks like I lost that. So one second. Can you still see this in the back as the text OK? All right. Thanks. All right. We'll go here and we'll go here. All right. So the first thing we're going to do is we're going to take a look at, like I mentioned the gateway API and the virtual service API. I'm also, this is a live demo. I clearly didn't type that out. I had it scripted, but this is a live demo. I'm usually terrible at typing live, so you're going to see the script here. But the first thing to notice is that we specify the gateway. It's pretty straightforward. Specified some security properties about it, the port we want to open and the protocol. We've also specified a host name where we want to match on traffic and then eventually delegate that to something else that will specify the routing rules, which is the virtual service. All right. So if you're familiar with this, it's pretty straightforward so far. We just want to expose a service on the gateway. You'll notice a couple of things here, though. The first is in the gateway resource, we specify we want matching to happen, but not only for rules that appear in a certain namespace. The second thing we'll notice is we can, from that matching rule, say, well, for these rules, I want these to be applied to a certain gateway. So there's already things, there's already mechanisms in Istio to allow you to kind of split up and isolate exactly where the configuration should be coming from. So this is already applied, let's actually call it. You should be able to see it. Okay, sorry, it's at the bottom there, but you should see the request actually goes through. And the next thing we want to take a look at is, well, what if there's a scenario where one of the teams wants to own a little bit more of the traffic rules, but a platform team or the team that owns the gateway, they can't just hand off everything to the end user team. Maybe they need to control things like rate limiting or they need to control things like external off, but for specific regexes and how it gets to a specific service and how you split the traffic, we can delegate that. So Istio does have a delegation API. So if you were to look in the virtual service here, the reference docs here goes into the details of that. So let's actually try that. We're going to expose a service, a new service that hasn't been exposed on the gateway yet, using the gateway API and we're going to delegate traffic routing rules to the ratings team. And the way we do that, let's apply the gateway real quick, the way we do that is by specifying that we're going to delegate the rules. We'll control the top level domain matching. We can add additional capabilities there that the end user team shouldn't be configuring. And then we can delegate the traffic routing rules to the team. So let's do that or take a look at the, this is what the delegate route looks like. We can see how they're connected right here. So let's apply that. So we'll apply both of them. Now let's try to call the service. We should be able to see some response like we did in the previous example, but unfortunately we do not. So Istio does have the ability to delegate the routing table to other teams, but there's some nuance here. So if we take a look at the gateway itself, we see that, like in the previous example, we were actually telling Istio to pull the routing rules from a specific namespace. In this case, we don't want to let the ratings team decide what all of the routing rules are. So we're only delegating part of it. The routing rule, the matching rule for the host name actually lives in the same namespace as this gateway resource, not with the team. So we've got to understand that and make sure that we configure things correctly once we start going down the path of delegation. So in this case, we removed the namespace semantics from the matching and now let's apply it and now if we make the call, it should go through and it does. Now again, go to the docs, take a look at reference configuration, traffic management, go into the gateway and if we take a look at those fields, we'll go into some detail about how to specify or when to specify namespace and when you're supposed to pull the rules a certain way and so on. So that's one component too. Now if we think about splitting out traffic rules, we split out what configuration belongs to what team, this is kind of one of the first things that you can start to look at. Now if we take and expand this a little bit more, we looked at sort of traffic coming in, how you start to think about tendency at the edge level. Now when services are communicating with each other and different teams are involved, different teams own some of the different services here, we have to think about what that configuration looks like and what are some of the dynamics that happen there. But before we do that, typically these teams are operating on shared platforms and these platforms are owned by some team, DevOps team, platform team, whatever that are enabling the mesh or exposing the capabilities of the mesh. And this team probably cares about things like security, like life cycle, like high availability of services, failover of services, topology, this type of stuff. Istio's API has a set of components to be able to drive that, but it may overlap in some ways with what the end user teams start to use. And the end user teams, let's say you own the service, in this example this is a recommendation service which is calling another service the purchase history service. So maybe as the developer or owner of the purchase history service, you care about things like how the host name gets matched or cores or traffic splitting, maybe you're introducing a new version or something.  Now as the caller of the service, you care about maybe slightly different things, time outs and retries when you're calling the purchase history service. Now Istio again has this API, virtual service, destination rule and so on, and we've seen teams get confused about who should own that resource. Should the team that provides the service own that resource? Or should it be shared somehow and they should run through some pull request mechanism to try to get everybody merged and get all the configs on the same page? And so we see some of the contention that can come up around this API. And we've seen in various ways for teams trying to mitigate this. But what I'm going to go into real quick is a little bit more detail. We're going to go a little a layer lower because Istio's API does allow you to carve up the virtual service and expose certain capabilities for certain teams without impacting each other. So let's take a look at demo two real quick. So we're going to take a look at the... So imagine for a second there is a web API service, ingress traffic comes in and hits the web API service. That service then calls another service, the recommendation service. And that service calls yet another one, the purchase history service. Now by default, when we've deployed this in our cluster, Istio configures the web API service to know about everything. And that might not be what we want, especially if we're thinking about tendency and what should it know or what should it be able to connect to. If we look at the clusters that the web API service knows about, if we come over here and take a look at the command line real quick, we're just asking Istio, just tell me about the clusters or the upstream services that the web API service knows about.  But web API only calls recommendation. We should configure it so that it only knows about the services in its own tenant space as well as any of the other services that it may need to consume. And so to do that, we're going to use an Istio, the sidecar resource. We're going to trim down the configuration so that it knows only about the services that it needs to. And in this case, we're saying you, the web API service, you use the recommendation service, so you're going to know about that and you're going to know about the Istio control plane and anything else in your namespace in this case, I think. And that's it. So we'll trim down the configuration there. So let's apply this, that got created. Now let's go back and check what are the services upstream that the web API service knows about, it knows about recommendation, and it knows about some other helper services in the control plane and so on. It doesn't know about the whole list, and it doesn't need to. So we've started to kind of trim down and focus what the configuration should be for a particular tenant. Now we're going to run this again for the rest of the teams who own different parts of the application set that we have here, and we'll speed this up a little bit. OK, now the last little bit here that we're going to focus on is when we apply a configuration of virtual service, or a destination rule, or any of the configs where we might need to control the connectivity between services, and one thing I pointed out was the contention that we see between two different teams trying to share a virtual service, for example. But we don't have to share a virtual service. So in Istio we can take a virtual service and we can explicitly say that this configuration, these routing rules only apply for services that live here in this namespace. So maybe this is where the services are actually running. In this case this would be the web API virtual service, maybe we can expose this directly into where the web API service actually runs, if we can put that virtual service there. For clients that care about timeouts, retries, all this other stuff that might be different from what the server is providing, they can create their own virtual service for this and put it in their namespace. And we can control that with the export to stanza in the virtual service. So we can get very fine grain for where Istio's config appears and how it's applied to the end workloads. So let's apply this and we'll apply it to some of the other services here real quick. And we're also going to take a look, I guess I didn't reset the demo. And we're also going to take a look at another configuration in Istio called the service entry. And the service entry allows you to configure access to other services that either live outside of the mesh or to build a globally aware name that can be then used to resolve workloads that might live in the mesh or across clusters. So in this case, we've created a globally aware name called recommendation.istio.io and the mesh then knows how to resolve those endpoints. But we might not want every single tenant or everybody to know or every cluster, especially if you start thinking about this in terms of multi cluster about this recommendation service. We might only want to put this service entry in certain tenants and certain namespaces in certain clusters to control the visibility, even though it's a globally routable service. So that, oh yeah, sorry, the 40 hours is catching up to me right now. So in this case, we explicitly exported the service entry to our web API namespace. And so now the recommendations global recommendation services going to be available and routable from the, you know, the web API namespace in this case. So yes, we should be able to call it and everything should still continue to work. Okay, come back here. So what we just, oops, microphone, what we just saw is, you know, a couple of capabilities, the kind of low level capabilities in Istio for controlling how configuration is exported, how, you know, configuration can be tailored or cut down, how we can do things like delegation to other teams and all of these form the foundation for the ability to build a tendency model on top of the, on top of the service mesh. But if you were following along with me on the demos, it's, it's pretty tedious to try to think, at least for a single team, where does, where does this configuration need to live? Where does it need to go? You know, you need to think about it a little bit. And now you start to expand that you mix delegation, you mix, well, the gateway host matching can deal with namespaces and is that virtual service really there? Is it exported correctly? Now you start to take this across multiple services, hundreds of services across clusters now, trying to manage the tendency model in your head is not ideal, but this, this can get complicated very quickly. And so what, what we work on with our customers at solo and what we've seen people adopt in the community is building blocks, workflows on top of the constructs that Istio gives. Istio's API was intended to be sort of a lower level API with workflows built on, on top of it. And the, the, the tendency construct is one that people have, have built. You know, if you, if you look at the talks from Istio con this year and last year, you know, you see, you see organizations that have talked about the journey build these, these types of constructs. So basically it comes down to who, who, who decides what this workflow is? Where does this live? How do you make it consistent? How do you make sure that there are no errors? You know, this, like I said, this can be pretty tedious and error prone and, and lead to, lead to issues. We've worked on it so long, I think you've seen some of the learnings that we've, we've shared earlier today is that we've, we've sort of combined GitOps with the smart controller that understands higher level policies and it can build a tendency model. It can do the translation to Istio resources. It can set export to and the sidecar correctly and all this stuff so that you're not trying to get it right by hand basically. And so kind of, kind of an overview is we, we cut down instead of saying, here's one API, the virtual service API that does all of this stuff. Why don't we bring the level up a little bit higher and say, hey, you need to focus on, well, I want my service to correctly configure circuit breaking or these resilience pieces, timeouts, retries, whatever.  And so we've broken down the API a little bit more, made it a little bit higher level and then built a tendency model around that. So we call it workspaces, it's basically a bucket or a grouping of service mesh policies that then get translated, come back here, get translated to the Istio resources that correctly handle those lower level tendency constructs. And all of this can be driven by GitOps. Alex did a talk earlier, lightning talk earlier about the controller model and GitOps and how all this can tie in. Go take a look at that. I don't have time for a demo. I really want to leave with links for learning more. We do workshops on this type of material in depth and we offer certifications and so go check out these links and like I said, we're hiring, certainly reach out with questions and I look forward to seeing you at 510 for the book giveaway. Thanks. Awesome. I don't believe I can speak after 24 hours stuck in the plane. Not to mention showing a live demo. Well done, Christian. Thanks.


Elections have come and gone in Nigeria, but many voters are still unsatisfied with their outcomes. Many times, those who represent them in governance do not carry them along, or the electorate themselves don't even know how to assert themselves. Year in year out, the electorate keep asking for better representation from those they vote for as public office holders. Is this too much to ask for? How can the people of the grassroots be better represented and involved? Well, these are questions begging for answers. To look at this and other issues on the prime time next night, is Honourable Kenny de Barmebeta is a former commissioner for information in Lagos and an aspiring Osho de Sola federal consistency at the House of Representatives under the APC. He is live with us in the studio. Thanks for joining us tonight. You have had your time in public office, prominently for that matter, and you're still an as parent, you want to represent your people at the federal House of Representatives. So we're beginning to look at how public office holders are fed in power selections and how well they've carried the people along. We're having a conversation the other time. You said to me that is it that the public office holders do not carry the people along or the people themselves do not know how to assert themselves? So which way do we go? Democracy is about the people. The constitution of the federal republic of Nigeria is very clear that we, the people, kept together to have this constitution for ourselves. It's based on that constitution that people join parties to be elected. And so the concepts of popular sovereignty that power ultimately is with the people must already be asserted. But this concept cannot be harrowed into a set of people, you know, for four years of a long time. The people must always be conscious of the fact that they own the power over their people and they must always call them to account every minute, every time for the period, for the mandate that they have been given. Now this is where we have problems, essentially, in people asserting their control over their representatives. The constitution has been very, very elaborate in providing even for recall that you can recall your representatives if they are not serving you well. But when it comes to people organizing themselves to take control of their representatives, we see a lot of failures. The Nigeria democracy seems very, very young. So we should be ready to test it, to experiment with it, to initiate measures to make it more democratic, more popular democratic in content. That is what we are not having. What we have had so far is what we call civil law. We are yet to have democracy. Democracy is one where the power of the people over their representatives is obvious, you know. It's a daily routine. It's a cultural thing, you know. And until we get to that place, that's when we say we truly have to be democratic. So for now, we need to make that democracy. We need to cook the food. We need to cook the meal. And in doing so, we can't just be spectators, you know. We need to go out there and assert our rights.  And therefore, we also require people who are representing us to respond to these moves. Okay, now... So this is two-way thing. Two-way thing, yeah. For the people who should initiate are the owners of the mandates, the citizens of the federal political Nigeria. I'm happy you mentioned popular sovereignty. These are enshrined in chapter two of the 1999 Constitution anyway, as amended in 2011. Now, I'll come back to civil rule as against democracy later. But now, popular sovereignty, power belongs ultimately to the people. Chapter two of the 1999 Constitution. I'm aware of that. But let me bring it down. We need to better involve the people of the grassroots in democracy as you also agree with me that the people need to assert themselves. But there's this disconnect usually. And I want to know why. When they electorate voting someone like you, a member of the House of Representatives or a senator, and then in an attempt to assert themselves, they now begin to attempt to establish a communication line with them. They have complaints and their consistencies. They have issues in their area, in their local environment. They want to communicate those two, the people that are out there in Abuja, who are representing them. But they can't even quote them. They quote them. And again, it keeps ringing. They don't pick their course again. They don't want to talk to them again. The same people, they came to like this that pushed them into power when they were saying, I want to be there for you. Push me there. They can't talk to them again. Drive me there now. They can talk to them. What would someone like you do differently? We are not organizing enough. That's what I'm saying. We are not organizing enough. We are not holding the power enough. And what people like me, the difference we offer is that because we recognize this fact, we will work to empower people more. How do you want to work as a president? Let's bring it to you. I'll give you an example. I was chairman of a local government. Okay. Which local government? Ejiborah CGA. Ejiborah. And I made it a rule that every month I will go word by word and give an account of how I spend money every month. That was novel. But that basically was to let people understand that you are the right to know how the people you put, how they spend your money. And in terms of how to wait their year, you could do it every other month and you could ask questions. Now, there are what we call community development administrations. I will make sure that I will go around the CDAs regularly. In fact, I increased the CDAs from 15 to 75 so that you could see the power being moved in the grassroots level. So if you don't create those structures and if you don't encourage those structures to assert themselves, you will not have democracy. You have civil rule. Okay?  You know? Who give you money when elections come. I used to in touch with those LCDAs as of today. That's where I live. That's where I live. So it's life. I mean, that's where I go through anything. So since you live there, you have a working relationship with them. You have a practical interaction with them from time to time. Except from your screen. You see what the field. You see what the sea. You live with them. So that's it. So if you find somebody, you put somebody in power, you don't meet the children, you know, in any resource. You don't meet him at the filling stations, you know. You don't see him around for quite a long time. He comes back and he says, you elect me. You should be asking questions. You should be asking, where have you been? Or this why? You know?   You know? So these are issues. And so I'm saying that the major challenge of our current civil dispensation is that we are not organizing enough. We are not asking questions enough. We are not active enough. Only a very active citizenry that can mold a responsive and responsible democracy. You know? So that's where we are. And we are still very young during this. So we should not stop asking questions. We should not stop trying to put people with the power to respond to our needs. You know? To engage us, to converse with us. You know? We are so happy today that the mass media and the social media, the media or communications have become so widened that nobody has an excuse for not communicating and creating conversations. So we think that for now, let people be more active. And the more you are active, the more you engage, you know, when people will put into power, when they come back, then you can use your ultimate power, which is the power of the ballot, to determine their face. Are you aware, Honorable? Are you aware that some people at the grassroots have to, many times, pay their way through to the National Assembly before they get certain bills passed? Or sponsored before they get certain bills sponsored? You see, the point of this is the process of getting laws passed is quite a lot. There are interest groups, for example. For example, who want to have a bill or a law that protects their profession or protects their business. If they put resources behind it, you may not be able to fault them because they have a specific reason. But when you are talking of bills that have to do with the rights of the common man, that should not involve pushing funds. That should be obvious. I mean, the right of a child, for example, to education should be obvious. You don't need to push money behind that. I'm saying that the lobbying process as established all over the world involves a lot of resources. And basically, there are big interests, you know, where the ones laws that can conduce with their environment tend to push it. But I believe that ultimately what we need is a citizen's rate that holds people that expose their power accountable. Accountable. Accountable. Thank you very much for your time. Thank you. We hope. We certainly hope because many of them sound like this before they get there. Only for them to get there and then break every bridge. We started from the student unions to live off. Oh, I see. It's a long history and I never failed anybody. I see. Okay. What's left is for me to wish you all the best in your political aspirations. Thank you very much. So you get notified about fresh news updates.


high-resolution graphics up to a massive 48k of RAM, sound and full 8-color capability, all available from 125 pounds. I give you the Sinclair ZX Spectrum. The ZX Spectrum is dead, long live the ZX Spectrum. Today, retro gaming ZX Spectrum fans expect bigger, better and faster games. Despite the onslaught of Sony, Nintendo and Microsoft, the retro gaming market, although niche, is worth millions. Home computing really began way back in February of 1980 with the launch of Sir Clive's Sinclair ZX80, which found its way into the home under the guise of an electronic hobbyist project in a kit form for just £79.95. This meant the world's first sub £100 computer. The Sinclair ZX80 had 1k of RAM, no graphics or sound but just came with a rudimentary Sinclair basic programming language, but it captured the public and the public's imagination. Before being replaced by the Sinclair ZX Spectrum, the ZX81 sold 450,000 units. Now with a phenomenal and loyal user base, the original ZX Spectrum found its way into over 5 million homes. Today, with the rebirth of many iterations of the Sinclair ZX Spectrum, it is estimated that hundreds of thousands still enjoy the ZX Spectrum via emulation or original hardware. Unless a purist gone are the days of tape loading era. X programmers and modern day ZX Spectrum enthusiasts have developed incredible ways to save memory, from self erasing code to crumming code into areas of memory that were never meant to be used. Today's programmers are taking the ZX Spectrum way beyond its original limits. ZX Spectrum games today are still selling in vast quantities. Anybody remember waiting 10 minutes for a game to load? Only to see the computer crash in the dying moments? Sitting there typing out hundreds if not thousands of lines of code only to knock the RAM pack and surprise surprise the computer crashed. You always had it in the back of your mind that no matter what you were doing, at any time the computer could just power down.  Jetpack, Jet Set Willy, Manic Miner, School Days, Chase HQ, R-Type, Renegade, Bubble Bobble, Head Over Heels and a slew of others. Almost everyone I knew had a tape to tape recording system at home, where games were transferred to a C60 or C90 cassette, ideally a TDK model, and then exchanged around schoolyards throughout the country. This underbelly of piracy became a competition for kids everywhere. C90s were handed around like confetti, collecting larger quantities and better games. We're now at the point of the video that you've all been waiting for. What are the six most important ZX Spectrum games? But more importantly, why? Well, let's find out! The game that pushes the ZX Spectrum further than it's ever been pushed before. Fight your way through several time zones to reach the ultimate confrontation with the god Dameron. The game is captivating not only because of its size and depth, but also because of the superbly animated sprites and sheer playability. Crash went on to award this one 96% and they said great on brawn, great on brain, great on graphics. A winner. I think it's safe to say, R-Type led the field. And it's one of those games you still want to play, after years, not weeks. You know you can play today's games and they're good, they look amazing, but they're not great. We know what great looks like, we know what great is. I tried to talk to my wife about R-Type and why it's great and her eyes just glazed over and she died. It makes the list because of its exciting gameplay and unique approach to the genre. In 1984 Night Lore didn't just look stupendous, it was groundbreaking for the time. Whilst AntaTax set a high benchmark with its groundbreaking 3D, only a year later, Night Lore had obliterated the mold. In fact you can't talk about the ZX Spectrum without talking about Night Lore within the same breath. Night Lore is no victim of style over substance. And despite the 3D visuals getting all the attention, the actual game isn't half bad either. This one is the real deal and based on the cult classic Miami Vice. It all adds up to a fun game very much in the Outrun mold. That said however, Chase HQ did feel cutting edge back in the day. It righted the wrongs of Outrun and it's also a game that is remembered fondly not only on the ZX Spectrum but on the arcade as well. Jetpack is largely responsible for those who didn't own a ZX Spectrum to then go on and beg their parents for a ZX Spectrum for Christmas. Jetpack is a fairly mindless 2D blastathon and to think the ultimate play the game, Jetpack was their first release and it really set the gold standard. It felt like the closest you could get to having the arcade in your home. The real star of the show though are the enemy sprites. The ZX Spectrum is a history of breaking boundaries. The second people believed that those boundaries had been reached they were breached again. Among the talented few pushing the capabilities of the humble ZX Spectrum with its primitive single channel sound and absence of sprite graphics was the legend Matthew Smith. What's new here is that the player was free to wonder, a first for platform adventure games. Well I hope you've enjoyed this video, it would be great if you could leave a comment and until next time, bye!


What is going on guys welcome back to the channel and I appreciate you being here today I bring you another for tonight video and today I bring you the location you need to visit to complete the season of three week ten hard challenge of Search between a stone circle wooden bridge and a red RV for those ten easy battle stars Well, hey guys before we get into that Do you want to win some vbox if so I am giving away 2800 to win make sure you're subscribed to this channel and have that bow button ticked drop a like on this video and leave a comment down below Winners are picked weekly and contacted via direct message. So good luck everybody Okay, so on screen now you can see the location you need to travel to to complete this hard challenge of Search between a stone circle wooden bridge and red RV Which is a season three week ten hard challenge and that's it guys I need saying all more But if this video did help you out hitting that like button truly helps me out if you're new around here and enjoy daily Fortnite videos news leaks gameplays whatever make sure you subscribe Well, thanks as always for stopping by and hopefully people I will see you on that next one


The study found that physical activity does not necessarily lead to proper body posture. In fact, it can have the opposite effect if the individual extends their arms forward while standing. This causes the trunk to become flatter, rounder, and tilt backwards. Additionally, the study found that physical activity can cause periodic pain in the lower back, which can be alleviated through postural education. This article was authored by Dominic Lakoma and Agnieszka Czankiewicz-Amanska.