I thought you made up a new genre. It's like hip-hop, but it's not so hip It's just hop just a hop band So so I've been looking at the performance of some websites recently specifically Formula One websites, but I also looked at the Google IO website and I can't do an episode on that because showing other people's websites lands in all kinds of legal difficulty and checks So I can't do that But instead what I'm going to do is show you the top 10 Where performance pitfalls that I have seen while looking at a variety of different sites recently I had nine good ones But then once I had nine what I have the 10th row and got thrown a 10th, haven't you because it sounds better It's the one like which video you're gonna look at on YouTube the top nine No, all the top 10. Yes, absolutely. So that's what this is the top 10 First we should talk about How a page actually loads or how it should load. Oh, wow, we're going back to the basics Oh, yeah, well, this is mostly load time performance stuff. In fact, almost exclusively. This is this is load performance I would say first up you need whatever you need to display call content for a news article It's the content. You know, it's the text of the image if the images are part of the call content as well You're saying for a blog post if it's more app-like then maybe this is just The shell of a user interface Don't render buttons that don't work.  So you would just like maybe have the shell of a user interface Next it's what you need to make that first interaction work For a blog post or a news story The main interaction is reading. So there's probably not too much to worry about here For an app more like, you know, Squoosh or something. This is where you make the buttons work This is where you make those buttons appear. So that first interaction is there and then there's everything else This is a bit of a simplified model You can introduce more phases more progressions, whatever, but really If more of the web just had these three phases, everything would be so much faster I'm going to show you some things that happened that stop this model working correctly the things that get in the way So in number 10 and remember I said I just kind of threw one in to make up the numbers That's this one Number 10 it is sprites and icon fonts Ta-da, I mean by very definition. They load more than you need Yes, and If this happens less and less now, which is why it's way down on my list But I have seen this cause a delay especially to the interactivity part. Here's a sprite Like I say, I can't show stuff from other sites. So here's a Google one. This is what you'll find on Google.com So it's one image file and it contains a whole bunch of icons We used to do this in the HTTP 1.1 days because In htp1 you could only download one thing at a time We used to spin up multiple connections so you could download more things in parallel. So if you had 60 icons or whatever It's that's lots of connections that you will need to spin up Well with htp1.1 you would spin up six, but you would only be downloading six at a time and yeah I was going to say because you couldn't even spin arbitrary spin up arbitrary amounts connected Those were limited by spec to six. So you had six requests in parallel at most so reducing I think the spec limited to two browsers quickly ignored the spec. Okay, that's good to know It was still pretty limited to between six and 10 depending on the browser from memory So this image here on the google site is 100k But individually those icons a lot of them are 500 bytes if you encode them individually Google does use all of these icons at once There's a little button you press and it shows you all of the different google apps and they all appear at once So it's not too bad But what i've seen on other sites is like a 300k sprite sheet But the page is only using one of those And that means the user is paying 300k For one image that could be 500 bytes. I'm guessing that point was it's in the cache So all subsequent loadings of another icons would be super fast, but the first impression matters This is really at the roots of web performance Is a lot of sites are built with this model of like well, let's prepare everything in advance and then give you something And it's just not a model that really works it it depends on the user doing particular things afterwards, but You can get the same benefit by giving them everything they need first and then Downloading the rest in the background and you get that same you're ready for the next thing But you didn't compromise showing them the first thing and that's really those phases i'm talking about Hey, and it's the same with icon fonts We saw that actually on the google isle website They were pulling in a whole icon fonts and they were using the hamburger icon and that was it So that's like 50k for what should be like 30 bytes or whatever I would say yeah avoid it these days just serve the stuff separately It means the browser can be smart about which icons it needs which icons it needs with higher priority Yeah, it's just it's just something we don't need to do anymore in the world of htp2 next up number nine Dom ready delay and this was one that I didn't Expect to come up, but it it did appear on a couple of sites. It's a real gotcha actually This is what it looks like. So you've got your main script in the head It's got it's got defer, you know, so it doesn't block rendering great And then at the bottom of the body you've got some less important scripts And they're using defer as well. So there's no render blocking going on here It all looks good on the surface But in the first script it does this And it might not do that literally it might be using some Like jQuery ready function or some other kind of ready function that bundles with with a library But if it uses DOM content loaded under the hood That will wait for all other deferred scripts to download and to execute And so this this kind of model that looks great from the html Where you've got like one thing at the top there and then the less important stuff further down It it's spoiled by having this DOM ready thing. Is the correct alternative and DOM ready? Because there's a second event right which basically we're looking for is the an event the DOM parsing from the index html is done so There is another thing called ready state which has which Has two points one which is before the deferred scripts and one which is after So you can use that but hey if your script is defer It's already going to wait until the DOM's ready anyway So the solution here is just don't use it right. You know don't use DOM ready um There might be a cases where Someone added this code in because one of the other scripts adds something in that they need or whatever But if you need a certain part of the DOM to be there and then you enhance it There are better ways of doing that There are web components that you don't have to go all in on web components with shadow DOM and all of that But you can use just the the shell of a custom element as a way to to be alerted that when an element appears on the page There are mutation observers as well, but really In most cases I would say just you know if you've got the third script that's going to run when the DOM is ready off you go Next one Number eight. This is bad inlining All right, so inlining is when we bundle one asset inside another I mean we tend to use inline to refer to some particular kinds of formats We don't tend to do it when you bundle JavaScript within JavaScript We just call that bundling inlining. It tends to be another format inside another format and it's often great for micro optimizations But when it goes wrong, it goes wrong badly.  We've got all of our JavaScript for our first interaction inlined at the bottom of the document But yeah, it should go after everything that's needed for the first render and your first render is html and css I actually saw a couple of sites recently that had a few hundred k of JavaScript right at the top of the document And this is pretty much as bad as a blocking script. The browser has to download 100 k's worth of stuff Before it can render the content before it can discover things like images and maybe other things like you know css and other scripts And yeah, you're saving an extra request, but also you're giving up lots of cash granularity and all other kinds of things So inlining is is that like is a good tool to have but you should use it very consciously and With small units Absolutely. Yeah, avoid blocking your content render on JavaScript. It's good advice in general But just inlining it is just the same problem. But in a different spelling, you know, it's the same thing So you put it at the either in a separate file is fine As long as it's loading in a non-blocking way using defer or async Next one images I would say it's almost always a bad idea to inline images because they can be quite big And it's the kind of thing that you could have involved in your build script And someone changes the image doesn't compress it as well or something and it turns from like A moderately bad thing to a really really terrible thing um I saw one website Where they had an svg because svg is small, right? But inside the svg they had a 1.9 megabytes png inlined it was You know and something had gone wrong there. They didn't mean to do that. But because it was inlined Because the svg was inlined in their JavaScript as well So it became like a huge huge problem and also base 64 will make your data one third bigger Yes, which um, you spoke about hoofman coding in the last episode does Give you a lot of that back But um, yeah, it's still quite a bit bigger um, I want to call out svg specifically Because inline images doesn't happen so much But inline svg is happening a lot more because you can put it in your html You can put in your css you can put it in your JavaScript And it's sometimes a really good micro optimization, but it can also be big I saw a site that had a set of sponsor icons that quite High up in their page before the main content and It all added up to be like a few hundred k Of svg down. Yeah, that's So and because it's inlined it's now blocking the main content and other things If it's in separate files, it means the browser can, you know Apply different priorities to different icons, especially if you scroll away before it loads them Uh, it can do the right thing and it can also render that main content much earlier My main reason for inlining svg is because I want it to be affected by my css Which is an image tag. It doesn't do I know I feel that we it would be good if there's a better way to do that Like somehow have a you know svg that comes from an external file, but it can be um Affected by your html. I guess really the answer there is just fetch it with JavaScript and then put it in the page We'll give you that Yeah, one thing I see a lot right now Um, and I think it's for the same reasons you mentioned there is people putting svg in their javascript But as jsx So it's been converted to you know, the the pure javascript interpretation of jsx, which does add some overhead Um, and you end up with these large complicated bits of svg are now in the javascript And that's a problem for your first interaction Because if your first interaction contains these icons, especially if the icons that you don't need right now They're adding Size to your javascript means it downloads slower. Your first interaction happens later All right, next one is the big one. Can you guess what it is? um I Don't think I don't think it's woof. No, it's not woof. Woof is a really good format of this type of file though I was gonna say like it is it is a web font, but I think we should wait until it's Watson has calm down And yes, it is it is woofs inlining woofs is bad. You are absolutely correct. It is a web fonts Uh, especially because you know, this is going to be inside your css CSS blocks rendering and so if you add 500k of fonts to that That means blocking for a lot longer. And this this is what I've seen now Fonts are difficult when it comes to web performance because it you know while the font's downloading It might mean that your text is blocked or that your text will swap which is also not great But when you inline font data It's going to block the whole rendering of the page And also it could be blocking rendering on fonts. You don't even use on that page. And that's what I was seeing so almost never do this I say almost never because you know, there are cases where if you subset the font to just a few characters You can get away with it. But you you know, you have to I was about to say you do it on prox You actually build it for prox where we inline a font But specifically only the letters that we use for the first render. Yes, and I do it in squoosh as well the squoosh logo Is just the letters for squoosh Inside that svg file. So Yes, okay, there are cases where it's good, but you you have to be so careful. Um, it's yeah, it can't just be for for general fonts All right Back to the main camp down. We love talking about images. Let's talk about some big images images download in parallel They don't block things like, you know rendering. They don't block rendering like css blocks rendering And also the browser is smart like it gives images in the viewport a different priority to images outside the viewport. So What is what is the problem here? In the viewport images have the same priority or higher as than script So if your image is too big That can delay your first interaction because the image and that script are going to be fighting for like You know the same bit of bandwidth because just because like htp2 can download things in parallel Doesn't mean you magically get twice the bandwidth that you have right? It's still you know sharing those things out so It's another opportunity for us to plug squoosh use squoosh make your images smaller Many images i see on the web could be a tenth of the size and it's not always down to using some new Format that's only supported in chrome, which i'm talking about avif here But like even just as a jpeg things could be so much smaller and webp has has really good support now as well Yeah, i did a couple of experiments about 50 percent of the page weight is images on average according to hvrcraft at least and The vast majority of those images can be compressed to have their size even fully automatically without perceptible loss of quality So we really have a lot of Things you can do better with images on the web. Absolutely. Yeah, as i say a lot of time It doesn't matter. It just means that image is going to load slow, but in some cases it delays like more important things Uh, another thing that i want i want to point out that sort of gets lost A lot of people don't know about is that this image will still load like images predate css by some years Uh, so the idea that images load before layouts, um, or before css layouts It happens before because they existed before css layout even existed So this will download the browser will download it at low priority It will still use bandwidth, of course, but it will be at low priority because it knows it's not in the viewport this won't This means that the image is now dependent on layout and so it knows it's not part of the layout So it won't download that's something i didn't know and find it really interesting that You could I guess it makes sense because the image tag has been used to preload images via javascript without even being attached to the document So it needs to load but that loading equals lazy now had to actually introduce image to be Self-aware about whether or not it is being laid out and where it is being laid out that that changed that behavior or something I didn't realize yeah, and that comes at a cost as well So don't just put this on all of your images because especially for your main image at your top of your screen If you put that if you put loading lazy on that then the browser has to download the css It has to lay out the page And then it will go. Oh, there's an image here. I'll start downloading that whereas without Without that attribute it will start start downloading the image much sooner So yeah, it use it on things that you know are not going to be needed yet But don't use it on images right at the top of the page all right next up Sticking with images, but this time how they're loaded loading main images with javascript. I see this a lot htp2 is very good at loading things in parallel The browser is good at figuring out the priority thing should be most of the time sometimes gets it wrong But it's good most of the time But the problem with loading content with javascript is the javascript has to load and execute before the browser knows anything about The next thing, you know So I see this kind of thing going on where there's an image carousel Sort of thing that's powered by javascript and it will just be divs on the page with Days of attributes which mean nothing to the browser awesome javascript implementation of responsive images And then some javascript comes in goes. Oh This should be an image and it creates the image and then it starts downloading but that's Many may seconds later depending on the on the connection And you can't band it fix it with like a preload or prefetch But really you should be using the elements that are given to you by the platform here And you absolutely right one work around is to use preload, which is a good way to tell the browser about stuff That's going to be needed later But yeah, really You should only use preload if you're out of better options and in this case We have the image tag, which is pretty good at loading images and responsive images have really good support across browsers So there you go The browser will see this as soon as it passes the page and it will prioritize it accordingly use all of the Smarts that are built into the browser. All right next up number five Halfway through the list now primary resources on other origins I saw this on almost every site that I audited It looks like this I've seen it with unpackage Specifically a few times but also just separate cvn's or separate services or whatever hdb2 Is great. It means you can have many things Downloading in parallel over the same connection But because this is pointing to a different server, it has to then set up another connection And this is this is one of those things that used to be good advice Like because you had that connection limit to a server in hdb1 We would use lots of servers and up that limit But now that's bad advice because with hdb2 we only need that one connection But if it's on another server, we have to set up another connection and that takes time That can be a couple of seconds on 3g I also say like I think around trip time and as a result creating a new connection to a server is one of the Costliest things in the first load of a page. Absolutely not not too bad if it's for secondary content So I wouldn't worry about that but it's bad for primary content I would say I really like unpackage. I use it on a lot of like prototypes and playing around and that sort of thing but Unpackage will also redirect to the latest version of the library by default So what what happens here is you end up paying a connection cost And then it does a redirect and that tells the browser to go and request something else And I saw this on a few sites and that is just like on 3g Seconds seconds and seconds worth of time just wasted on just finding out the right thing to download Yeah, not great. All right next up number four External font services. This is a little bit similar to the previous one But it's so commonly specific to font services that I I want to give it its own place in this list A lot of font services are not your friend when it comes to web performance Um, and that's a shame because we all like to use web fonts. It's very, you know, nice to have a different design on the page So the problem starts here. We've got a render blocking resource css But it's on another server. So we need another connection. So there's a couple of seconds But then they tend to serve the fonts themselves on yet another server So that's yet another connection another couple of seconds wasted Even if it was the same server, it it doesn't matter because font files are requested using cores Uh, and they that will always use another connection. Uh, if it's no credentials So that's that's a fact not many people know. Yeah, if you're making a cross origin request If it's with cores, you know, like fonts or like, you know, fetch or xhr whatever That will use a different connection to say an image file or a css file or a script file Uh, because it wants to keep that boundary for privacy reasons. So yeah, anyway another connection and then some even go on to do this where it's like Yeah, like a style sheet is requesting another style sheet And that's even more render blocking time. It's it's bad. It's just really bad Because this also this import isn't discovered early. So it Well, you know, it might not create a new connection It will definitely incur another round trip because now this file has to request it before any more processing can be done Yes, and I have seen cases where it's on yet another server as well It's a disaster Yeah, when you've got a style sheet that loads of style sheets You could use a preload You know to say that makes it happen in parallel rather than in series You can do that with the font itself as well. Just make sure you use cross origin on there but Again, remember that those URLs might change if you're using them on a different service You know, you might put all of these pro preloads in and then tomorrow They've changed their URLs and now you're preloading a bunch of stuff that you don't even use and that's even worse for the forms If you don't know the full URL you use a pre connect That'll at least set up the htp connection sooner Again, make sure you use cross origin to tell it whether it's a cause connection or not But really the best solution is to bring those fonts and the css onto your own server And you can do that with google fonts because it's all open source, which is great Uh, you can't do that with closed source fonts for various Contractual and legal reasons. I mean check with your your your service that you use Maybe they do allow it. Maybe they don't but I think yeah Some will allow it, but only if you pay them A bazillion dollars, you know, they tend to up the price for doing that, which is not great So what you can do is you can do something like this. You can async load your css So this is using a preload tag to load some css with high priority And then you've got the actual, uh, Your style sheet tag there initially uses a print media Which means it will load low priority But that's so your preload will bump the priority back up, but it means it won't block the rendering of the page either And then once it loads you switch the media And it applies to the page. This is some arcane javascript magic, by the way Yes, well, this is the the filament group came up with this and it used to be a lot worse Um before we had things like preload that to be able to do this So this is much better than it used to be Um, you'll also want to use the font loading api to provide a smooth transition because this will this will just do swap Swap fonts Uh, unless you add some css to change that you can add as much css as you want to control this process with the font loading api so There you go Not easy But it's okay for font services. Uh, that won't let you do anything better than this It's better than blogging rendering for all of that time All right, okay into the final few ones Layout instability And this is this is a big one. Um It's kind of different to the other ones because it might not be part of your Main content code. It might not be part of your first interaction code But if something comes in late and adds stuff to the page which moves stuff around Then your core content isn't ready. Like if your user's reading something and it moves some under them It's not ready yet. It's so frustrating um to avoid it like JavaScript should enhance what's already there in the DOM Uh, so if you've got an image carousel You would start with the first image there and it would be, you know The correct width and height taking up space on the page And then the JavaScript comes in and adds the buttons Or hydrates that part of the page depending on what terminology you're using But adding those buttons those buttons would just appear rather than shifting around of a content on the page It's just yeah horrible user experience when stuff shifts around And i'm really glad that we're we're using metrics now to Call out sites which which have a really bad experience here um Yeah, so test your pages on a slow connection and ensure stuff doesn't move around Uh one special mention I would say uh a lot of sites still do this Where uh this image will take up almost no space on the page And then the browser will download enough of the image to know its width and height and then pop It will take up the the correct aspect ratio space on the page and everything else shifts around Don't have to do this anymore If you give the image a width and a height doesn't have to be Correct just the correct aspect ratio And then auto height The browser will reserve space for that image. No shit, which is great And with the aspect ratio css property, you can give the same behavior to things that are not images If you have something that hasn't any content in it, but you want to reserve Something with a certain aspect ratio use the aspect ratio css property. Yes. What is the browser support good enough for that yet? I thought so. I will put a link in the description. I'm gonna do some I'm gonna put do some really quick live Can I using excellent live fact-checking aspect ratio? And I think it's in firefox. It might not be in safari No, I well the thing is that yeah, it might it's not in 14.1 So yeah, maybe it's not ready yet, but I feel like they were deeply involved in specking this It is in the next firefox next firefox next chrome. Oh, there you go. That's yeah I I've been wanting that forever good bit of aspect ratio indeed But this image thing landed much sooner. It's still relatively new like in terms of the age of the web But it's you know, it works across all browsers now, which is really nice. You don't get that layout shift You don't have to use the padding hacks that is a sort of stuff. Oh god the padding egg I'll put a link to that as well in case anyone's trying to target some super old browsers Next We're at number two now. This is over bundling Um So this is a little or as I call it under splitting under splitting That's a better name for it. And yeah, it's a form of inlining, isn't it? But this is mostly about CSS and JavaScript But inlining JavaScript in JavaScript and inlining CSS in CSS And it's it's much more common of a problem A lot of sites will have one javascript file for their whole site Or one css file for their whole site and that means any given page the user is downloading Like a chunk of the website the entire website just to get to that first interaction or even first render the google io website If you visit like The link to our talk You download but before you even get to render you download all of the animation data for the home page Even though you are not on the home page I like no It's like 600k or whatever is it's absolutely massive like Also the google io website it I feels okay to Say nasty things about one of our own sites. I know it's it's you know Don't want to do it too frequently to other people's websites, but oh good god the google io website isn't great Is it and they've also got like all of the ui strings in a bunch of other languages? Like most users are only going to see one language, but It's like the risetta stone in there, mate It's It's incredible Anyway, don't don't do that Chrome DevTools has this excellent coverage report that you can do You reload your page and it'll tell you how much of your javascript and css is being used Uh, it's it's a good way to identify a problem early on Like sometimes you've got a huge bit of javascript that is Used but you shouldn't need that much javascript to do a thing You know this won't highlight that but you can see in this case There's a bunch of javascript being downloaded that isn't being used Just because there's some script unused isn't a problem because if it's part of your everything else low priority bundle That's fine But for your blocking render stuff or for your first interaction stuff You want to see a high coverage there because you just want it to contain the stuff that you really really need We built a website remember this one. I I do We looked at various bundlers to see you know how they do things and one of the things we looked at is code splitting Uh, so the information is here for a bunch of different Bundlers for how you would split that out and ideally have an entry point for every Type of page on your site not literally every page But like on the google io website You would have one entry point for the home page and one entry point for uh, the page that displays the information about an individual session All right, we're at the end now It's the final one number one. Oh and it is this Uh content loaded with JavaScript The fastest way to get to first render on your page is html and css And doing it with JavaScript is always going to be slower Like if you really really optimize things you can get close But it will always be slower And usually it is a lot slower because you I mean by very definition the index html file is the first one that the browser loads like everything else will come in later Yeah, and you and so the more you have in there the better you're doing You can end up with a pattern like this where your html downloads and then you know the browser goes There's some JavaScript i'll download that and then the JavaScript downloads and it executes and whatever and then the JavaScript Goes but actually I need some data from this Free interface jason file and so go and fetch that and then i'll look through that and find the data and put it on the page It's it's slow it's slow and there are cases where it's your only option depending on what apis you're using or whatever, but Really it's very few But it's a pattern i see in the wild a lot and it is very slow Even a static render that is just a ui Shell will really help with this perception of performance You know Even if it's fairly basic at least the user gets something other than just a white screen But even better if you can do a content render just using your html and your css And I i'm going to be shamelessly plugging the talk that the two of us gave at jamstike conf Where we go through these steps like we We send a shell we teach our build system to build a shell for a highly interactive web app a game And try to cut down the javascript required to get the first interaction going And the game of all isn't that small so that that walks you through those steps Yep, that's a talk that we rehearsed to death We spent so much effort rehearsing it and then like I did the video edit myself because the Conferences video didn't come out very well and about 300 people watched it. So yeah. Yeah, we'll send more people to that video Get my money's worth out of that one I do want to call out a specific Form of this problem, which I've seen a couple of times and I didn't I didn't realize how Bad it was at first It's when this happens So I think this happens When the developer will notice a lot of layout shifting on the page as their JavaScript is loading in So they'll hide it With an overlay that might have a loading spinner in or to say the word loading or something And then the main JavaScript loads And they remove That overlay ta-da This suffers from a priority issue So if you've got a blocking bit of JavaScript in the head of your page The browser's like whoa I am going to fire all the bandwidth at that because that is blocking rendering. It does the same with css And it will do this like sort of the same fonts as well a different phase And then things like images if they're in the viewport it starts pouring bandwidth into those That the browser tries to do this so it gets the the fastest load time Of course it does But this tricks the browser Because it sees the script at the bottom of the page and goes Yeah Not important. Not important.  The user is happy. We've got a bunch of content on the page here And that that's going to include images and css backgrounds So I better get those ready like in parallel with the JavaScript and that that's what happens It it tends to the images End up the same priority or even higher priority than that script at the bottom Yeah, you've created a a blocking experience But not one that the browser actively recognizes as a blocking experience So your recommendation is put the spinner first put a blocking script in order to first script in the middle and then the content after right Do you know what that would be faster? That's the thing that would actually be faster, but no like the the truly Yeah, the best thing you could do here is a proper static render That gives you the contents with with no layout shifting Or if you have this problem if you do just want to do a quick fix Link roll preload as script in the head of the document there and the browser will bump the priority of that script loading at least That's not a perfect solution. But if you've got 10 minutes, that is our solution that will improve things massively Especially depending if you've got a few big images on the page And that's all I've got Um, I'll put some links into the articles I wrote where I looked at individual sites. Um, that includes videos You can see how many seconds are added by each of these You know performance gotcha pitfall things and how fast things could be if you know alternatives were used which are much better for performance and and we're gonna link to our talk and all of you Watching should watch that one because we need more views on that one. Yes, please. Thank you very much Uh, but yeah, please please go and do that So close to the end so close to the end Why didn't I'll wing it. I'll just wing it. I don't need notes I've got the oldest in my head. I've been doing this job for 20 years All right, well that's some good b-roll


We know that phenols are more acidic than alcohols because on ionization, the phenoxyriene formed is much more stable than the alkoxyriene formed. As you can see here, the negative charge in the phenoxyriene is stabilized through resonance whereas no such resonance stabilization exists in the case of alkoxyriene. In fact, the electron donating alkyl group adds more electron density onto the oxygen atom and this decreases the polarity of the CO bond. And as a result, ionization is not favored in the case of alcohols. Alright, so that is something that we already know that phenols are more acidic than alcohols. Let's now go one step further and look at the effects of substituents on the acidic strength of phenols. How does the acidic strength vary if we have an electron donating or electron withdrawing group attached to our benzene ring? So let's explore that by solving a question. So the question is, is methanitrophinol more acidic than paranitrophinol? Okay, so here we have the substituent which is a strong electron withdrawing group, the nitro group and in one case we have the nitro group at the metaposition and in the other case we have it at the paraposition. So let's pause the video here and see if we can find out the answer to this question. Okay, now the clue is draw the resonance structures of the corresponding conjugate bases. Alright, so in single word the answer to this question is no, methanitrophinol is not more acidic than paranitrophinol. Now in this case you can see that the nitro group at the metaposition has no effect on stabilizing the negative charge but if you compare that with paranitrophinoxidion, in this case you can see that the electron withdrawing nitro group is effectively able to draw the electron density away from the benzene ring and even if you look at the resonance structures you can see that in the case of metanitrophinoxidion the negative charge is delocalizing onto the less electronegative carbon atoms right at the paraposition and at the autopositions. But in this case you can see that the negative charge delocalizes onto the more electronegative oxygen atom and this is why metanitrophinol is less acidic than paranitrophinol because the conjugate base is more stable in the case of paranitrophinol. Okay, so let's look at one more question. Here we need to figure out which among the two is most acidic. Now the most acidic molecule would be that which has the most stable conjugate base correct? So let's explore the stability of the conjugate base in both of these situations. Now if you look at the conjugate base formed here with paranitrophinol you can see that these are the resonance structures that are formed. Now methoxy group here is an electron donating group via resonance because the lone pair of electrons on the oxygen atom can delocalize with the pi electrons of the ring but as you can see here the electron donation is actually destabilizing the molecule especially if you look at this structure you can see that you have two negative charges very close proximity with each other this is very destabilizing and not just that because of this electron donation via plus r effect the CO bond polarity decreases and as a result it would not want to ionize and form protons. In other words the acidic strength decreases and if you contrast that with the conjugate base of paranitrophinol as we saw in the previous case we can see that the nitro group at the para position effectively draws the electron density away from the ring. It increases the polarity of the CO bond favoring more ionization and also it stabilizes the negative charge as the negative charge can delocalize onto the more electronegative oxygen atom. Now because the conjugate base of paranitrophinol is more stable than the conjugate base of paramethoxyphenol the most acidic molecule here would be paranitrophinol. So from here we have confirmed once again that the acidic strength depends on the stability of the conjugate base and if you go further and talk about the substituent effect electron donating group decreases the acidic strength by decreasing the polarity of the CO bond whereas electron withdrawing group increases the acidic strength by stabilizing the molecule and by making the CO bond more polar.


The idea of birthdays is like, at first off we can buy whatever we want. I can get access to cake, I can get a pony, I can get a pony whenever I want. I can get a pony right now. Probably an app for that right now. Yeah, I'm sure the pony app. One thing that people probably can maybe get from, dare I say, Chinese people is just give money. Totally agree. Just money is the best gift.  No one's ever mad about money. But it seems like bad form. It's like, you didn't put any thought into it. Oh no, I put a ton of thought into it. I saw everything and was like, you know what? This solves, money solves almost every problem.  I've been around a while. This money shit's very useful. Here's some. Yeah.


So yeah, we need a Netflix special man the zoom king Mark No, what we get at 3 a.m. What would Mark show up with you get the call to go. Hey, man Here's what happened. There's a stealing ring lights. That's what it is and conditioner Yeah The parody was fantastic My god, that was perfect like the amount of work that went into that. Yeah, bless her and and good work as well Like how she was on point like that whole thing Like that man and Chase's L. She was blinked old time for chase keep going Hey, I have a high blink rate on some of these videos. No, but you talk about it. That's your that's one of yours, man Oh, so she was sitting there doing the high blink rate the whole time and she did up for me. Yeah So, yeah, it's been almost a week since we've seen each other. I missed you guys All right, you ready? Yeah There you go. I'm Scott Rouse. I'm a body language expert and analyst and train law enforcement in the military and interrogation and body language I created the body language tactics calm course with Greg Hartley and I wrote understanding body language My first book everybody else on this panel has about 14,000 books that have all been to number one So hopefully I'll be able to get mine there too, Greg I'm Greg Hartley. I'm a former army interrogator interrogation instructor resistance to interrogation instructor I put together this course with Scott body language tactics calm I have 10 books on body language and behavior and I spend most of my time on Wall Street and in corporate America chase Hey, I'm Chase Hughes. I'm an author of fiction and nonfiction books both on behavior body language and that kind of stuff I train the US military intelligence agencies in behavioral tactics influence and persuasion and behavioral profiling Mark I'm Mark Bowden I'm an expert in human behavior and body language help people all over the world to stand out win trust gain credibility Every time they communicate including some of the leaders of the G7 I've got four books on human behavior and body language, but I'm really looking forward to Scots Thank you so much All right, usually when you see somebody who's lying and especially women when they see somebody they know Fairly quickly because of their way their brain works compared to the way men's brains work They're they're much more powerful when it comes to spot. What's happening? So when you see these things, you know something's wrong But you're just not sure what we're gonna see you're gonna know something's wrong here, but we're gonna show you what's wrong We're gonna tell you what's wrong. We're gonna tell you what you're seeing now We got these this video a suggestion Greg and I had seen a long time ago This girl Natasha sent it to us and said hey, you might like this. So that's why so so we'd forgotten about it So that's what we're gonna do today again We're not gonna be telling you whether this person is lying or not But we're gonna be doing is just pointing out the things they're doing so you'll have a better understanding of what you're seeing When you start seeing things like this when someone's being dishonest or deceptive with you anybody got anything Nope, this is a great one. All right. Let's go the first one We're on the record the time now is 2 41 p.m. In the matter of never and Frazier versus Ricky Allen Frazier case number 2010 773215 dm There's a videotape deposition of David E. Taylor being taken a two-zero five five orchard Lake Grove Silver in Michigan the November 12th 2014. My name is Ed Boyd. You leave a videographer council Please introduce themselves to record Colleen Ronan appearing on behalf of Rick Frazier Jerry Kevlar on behalf of David E. Taylor Since we're gonna be winding up with you a lot Mark, why don't you go first this time? Yeah, lovely Let me give you a couple of things one of them a succession of behaviors The first one a single behavior. I want you to look out for the chewing What he's doing on either side of the mouth pretty much probably digging his teeth into his cheek That is quite particular and synonymous often with anxiety Probably a self-stimulation behavior.  It's it's a kind of a pacifier Gesture I would suggest does that suggest he's lying No, people can pacify in this way for all kinds of reasons, but it's certainly one to look out for Here's the big succession of gestures that for me denote. Okay, we've got a really look at this one There's really something going on. He goes from water To a steepling gesture in his thumbs which drop very quickly that then go to an adapter Somewhere on his trousers and then back to a steeple that drops again Do any one of those single things suggest somebody is lying? No, but all of them in such quick succession is very particular to see so again When I see that chewing when I see that succession of what I would now say are probably all of them adapters even the steepling As well, I would say it's him trying to control the environment by trying to feel confident and then realizing don't feel so Confident and better adapt here. That's not working for me better. Go back to here still don't feel very confident So individually they can mean nothing in in a group and in succession in what we call a cluster Very definitely we want to look out for those Scott. What do you got for us? All right, this is one of my favorites of all time because he's just this is just a like you said succession of Adapters that's pretty much all we're seeing in this part. So when he drinks takes a drink of water He's not drinking water because he's thirsty. He's drinking water because he wants something to do He's nervous. This isn't his first day doing this. I think this is day two of his of the Deposition so he's he's just doing that to do something and that's when he starts getting nervous You see his hand when it unscrews the top of the bottle if you look at his fingernails He has the same hands as a 4,000 year old vampire overlord.  You don't see that very often his blink rate Goes up in groups depending on what she's talking about like he does. I think four or five in a row at one point. It's really Fascinating every time she starts talking about money as we go through this You'll see that blink rate go way up his mouth chewing like Mark was saying earlier a lot of times It it's you know, it'll be true on his cheek But a lot of it I think is his bottom lip is what it looks like That's why he keeps pushing this way then it comes back to the other one. It's it's when you speed it up It's hilarious His voice tone is really quiet, especially when he says yes Because he's a preacher. He's a pastor and she said do you swear to tell the whole truth? It's not about the truth. So I help you God and he says yes almost a whisper of yes So I get that's called fading facts But there's nowhere to fade to because he's he's at the very bottom of the fade He's just about to go out at that point. So chase. What do you got? Agreed on all these parts, especially the fingernails So with this lip biting is absolute anxiety We see this chewing then lip licking behavior and lip retraction so with deception a couple of those data points are lip compression is usually or As Scott would say suggests or denotes withheld opinions lip retraction suggests or denotes typically a need for reassurance and We see the blink rate is is kind of steady at 28 for the entire video But he has little clusters and The clusters appear at the moments when he feels a little bit threatened If you go back and take a look or if you yell at your dog, you'll see the dog do the same thing Sad that Mark didn't talk about peaches for this We'll see this And in threat behavior is this it's I want to make eye contact in case I'm attacked But I'm going to break it as much as possible with with my eyelids instead so that's that's that behavior there and The blink rate slows down as the conversation focuses to him and they're saying he's here. Let's introduce the witness The blink rate slows down and this is anticipation of threat or a potential anticipation of a threat and When he's swearing in there's lip compression before and lip compression Immediately after he says yes ethic very tail end of the video. So I would say There's a very good chance that there are some deception going on here Greg, what do you got? Yes, I'm not going to cover the same things you covered I may cover pieces of them But fight or flight has kicked in with this guy and Scott you said it best this guy is used to being in charge He's in front of a big crowd.  I agree. There's one thing He's doing the sacred space thing mark. I love you captured that but the sacred space is I got my hands in front of me And I'm doing something with them That's a way to take back some space and take some control make myself comfortable Whatever it is and I always refer to that as sacred space because it gives a person room to think and a way to soothe self Then he moves to the but where he has the bottle and he takes the cap off look at his hands They're trembling my favorite good indicator Somebody's uncomfortable when they're in an interview when they are being in deposition or anything else is how they set the bottle down And they watch it make contact with the table because their hand is jittery and they want to make sure they set it down Love that I've seen people do it in job interviews If you are in this position and you are being interviewed don't pick up the bottle if you're that uncomfortable do yourself a Favor if you're interviewing somebody and you see them that uncomfortable and they move the glass and you want to make them Comfortable mirror that behavior do the same thing with your glass you'll bring them back to some kind of grounding remember that fighter flight is trying to turn off our thinking brain turn off that That prefrontal cortex or the primate portion of our brain and turn us back into other mammals like cats And that's what's happening here You see the blink rate increase you see him starting to do things to try to get comfortable If you can remember that that's happening to you and feel it When you're being interviewed then you take control again curl your toes and your shoes move your leg in in your chair Do something comforting that's not within sight unlike what he did here It's all all the fighter flights starting to hit and I think it's your right Scott This is day two and we'll see it get better as time goes, but we're not talking about whether he's lying We're talking about indicators. We see clusters of behavior that indicate he is feeling apprehensive Doesn't mean he's lying as we always say there's no indicator no single indicator But something's going on in his head that is not above board is what we're seeing here. That's what I've got and one more thing you're about to watch this clip again and Just like we talked about those thumbs that are going up down here I want you to watch when they introduce opposing counsel they introduce members of the court the fingers go down The moment his attorney is mentioned You'll see them pop back up for a brief moment Then they introduce someone else in the court and they go back down and chase that steepling thing You're talking about I always say if you steeple do away with it because when you're in control and you're steepling You'll do this But as you compromise your hands rotate forward and then your thumbs will rotate down and mark I'll have to find that picture of Tony Blair standing in front of Condoleezza rice with his hands like It's just the most powerless look you can possibly We're on the record the time now is 2 41 p.m In the matter of Deborah and Frazier versus Ricky Allen Frazier case number 2010 7 7 3 2 1 5 dm There's a videotape deposition of David E Taylor being taken to zero five five orchard like bro Silver in michigan the november 12 2014. My name is Ed Boyd. You leave a videographer counsel Please introduce themselves to the record Colleen Ronan appearing on behalf of Rick Frazier Jerry Cavalier on behalf of David E. Taylor Steve Jenkins appearing on behalf of Deborah Frazier Gregory Timmer on behalf of Rick Frazier Please have a witness for him Would you please raise your right hand? Do you solemnly swear or affirm to tell the truth? The whole truth and nothing about the truth Yes All right, ready to go? Yeah, let's move on All right, so what is your Salary at jammam I now From what I know and from what you know. Yeah, I think it's around 27 to 30,000 Something like that and what expenses are you saying that jammam I pays on your behalf? Well It's The expenses under the law for clergy So, what are they? I don't know. You have to go research that I can't tell you. No, I don't know everything There is no research I can do that'll tell me what jammam I is paying for you Well, what I'm saying is we abide by those laws. So that's that's where it would be so no, it's Sir, I'm just saying I can't tell you. I don't know you have no idea what expenses jammam I know a housing allowance. How much is that? I'm not sure Don't know What other allowance? There's I don't want to miss state. So I don't know. I'd rather for someone who's professional to tell you about that No, I'm asking about your personal not in theory. What's your asking about ministry stuff? Let me finish. I'm answering you. No, don't don't interrupt. Let me finish the question. Okay Chase, what do you got? This is great I mean We were watching this. So what we do here on the panel We keep the zoom recording rolling and then we all watch the video together through scott's Computer and we're all giggling the whole time watching this which you guys can't see behind the scenes because it's such a great clip and uh There's when he's thinking about his expenses We don't see recall. We see internal dialogue eye movement here And when he's saying what are they? Asking a question again. We see eyebrow flash. There's a shoulder shrug And this does he does this three more times as she's pressing him on the question And then when he's saying housing allowance, there's false confusion there pretending To be confused and I'll just do One more When he says i'm not sure It's micro, but there's duping delight. You can see the face be very he's very satisfied with with His performance and he knows like I've just said I don't know or I'm not sure to a question and that's it I can that's a legal answer When for an interrogator, that's our worst nightmare I don't know it was the hardest or I don't remember is the hardest thing for interrogators to overcome Well, I'll speak for myself And then we see the blink clusters I talked about just a second ago We see it again as she starts really coming down on him towards the end of this one clip And mark what do you got? Yeah, lovely. So I I agree chase like he's getting more confident as he goes on there as he's starting to use those My guess is what the lawyers have told him to say He gets more confident and I didn't see the dupers delight So I'm going to go back and take a take a look at that because I I if you saw it I guarantee that's that's going to be there So I want to go back and see that one and anybody watching right now go back and take a look As well. I'm really interested in in that one because dupers delight like you hear it talked about a lot But we've always got to go back and go. What is it? What does it look like because it can be quite subtle and it can be confused for other things? So let's go back and look at that one for sure Here's what I pick up on as well. Oh, exactly as you're saying as well chase the the pretend confusion There, you know, again, it's not it's not prolonged and sustained enough to be consistent constant confusion It just kind of shows up when he hasn't got a good answer for it and disappears when he's got his lawyer's answers for it Um, I love how he goes from from what I know to I know. I don't know There's lots of of flip-flopping between what you know and what you don't know Linguistically he's not making any sense at all Uh, you'll notice him rocking backwards and forwards right at the start as well self soothing gesture In my opinion there and then the last one the 27 to 30 k Of what he thinks his salary might be We get The bitter taste in his mouth There's something that he knows is distasteful about what he just said there There's just too many red flags here to to suggest that he's telling the truth or is innocent Greg, what have you got? Yes, I'm going to go away from body language because you covered most of it I'm going to go to something else great indicator people when they're lying or they're hiding the truth often will insulate the truth in something Holy, he just did it You know, holy, you know high ground as my mother's my witness or on my mother's grave that kind of he called in the clergy immediately These are things that the clergy gets and so if when that didn't work he went to law just as good Okay, there's also a statutory obligation. So he's coding the truth with this so he doesn't have to divulge it These are things you wouldn't understand. This is the clergy. This is a government regulation. We follow the rules Does that have anything to do with the question? Absolutely not So he's distancing from the question if forced to answer he does And he has his forehead up in request for approval when he's doing it So yeah, all the body language aside all the breathing all the respiration all the change in tone as he goes to a lighter voice Or when he thinks he has authority and tells her he doesn't have to answer it and she or she can go do it herself And she comes back at him different game But all these word patterns tied to all the body language you've all mentioned This is red flag red flag red flag. And so you just want to you know, you this is one of those guys You don't even want to waste your time pretending that you believe him You just want to sit and look at him and let him paint himself into a corner scott. What do you got? Mine's gonna be fairly short Sorry Because when I when I first saw this this part and it's classic because it comes right after that when he gets sworn in His answers a couple of questions Then he begins and you guys get ready for this because you go, oh, I can't believe I didn't bring this up So I guess I was kind of bummed out because I figured you guys were going to nail this right out of the gate But what you see him do is hands come down the guard is growing area Those shoulders come forward. He comes for a little bit trying to guard His heart and as long as it is stomach doing that number As as his shoulders come forward that head goes down guard that neck and he starts turtling And that's the very first thing you see most of the time when someone is not telling the truth And you start asking them questions first thing we do is what do you what do you know? What those eyebrows go up request for approval? And then that you start from there and you've got to get him open back up. She's not interrogating him here So it's a completely different situation But he does the classic moves of bringing everything forward and getting and going down like this Or is the opposite of that is when they're getting ready to tell you everything For example in a murder, you'll see him start rocking and they'll get opened up a little bit And that's when you reach over and you touch on the leg blah blah blah like we've talked about before What else have I got in here? I think Yeah, and Originally, I thought that nose scratch was was part of eye blocking, but I think it's just a just another adapter So that's that's one of the number one things people learn when they first start body languages if you scratch your nose You're lying because it there's so many blood vessels and everything in your nose that it is sensitive But that's the number one overdone Absolute I've ever heard his people constantly talking about that I think it it stems from a research Of course, I'm gonna bring this up, but it stems from a research that was done at a university where some dude in a lab coat read Questions off a clipboard and they said you're you need to lie to question 11 or whatever Was and nose scratching or facial touching was the number one indicator Of deception that they noticed But it's what they didn't fail they failed to tell us It's the number one indicator of deception when you tell someone to be deceptive the stakes are low And it's a college kid in a completely safe environment knowing that there's some idiot with a clipboard in front of you All right, so what is your Salary at jmmi now From what I know and from what you know. Yeah, I think it's around 27 to 30,000 Something like that and what expenses are you saying that jammam I pays on your behalf? Um Well It's The expenses under the law for clergy. So what are they? I don't know. You have to go research that I can't tell you no I don't know every there is no research I can do that'll tell me what jammam. I is paying for you Well, what I'm saying is we abide by those laws. So that's that's where it would be. So no, it's Sir, I'm just saying I can't tell you I don't know you have no idea what expenses jammam I know a housing allowance. How much is that? Um, I'm not sure Don't know What other allowance? There's I don't want to miss state. So I I don't know I'd rather for someone who's professional and tell you about that No, I'm asking about your personal not in theory. What's your asking about ministry stuff? Let me finish I'm answering you. No, don't don't interrupt. Let me finish the question. Okay. Okay. That's good Yeah, that's really long What personal allowances jammam ministry provides you or stipends for Housing or automobile or whatever? What do they provide you? You know, I I know there are many allowances, but one that I Can't say is housing allowance But in order for you to get the accurate Names for what they allow you have to talk to a professional because I don't want to give you misinformation No, I'm not asking in theory. What is possible? I'm asking what actually jammam. I provides to you I'm asked an answer and I said he doesn't know that it's not responsive. I just don't know I'm just telling you the truth. Well, that's an answer, but that's not what you told me before um All right. Well, I'll go first on this one Uh, again here he begins with his mouth adapters again starts chewing on his mouth as they go along Then he scoots back in his chair and he literally braces himself for this answer Because it's almost like somebody's throwing stuff at him verbally as corn balls that sounds because he scoots back and he's starting to get ready And and as he does that his arm comes up his right his right arm comes up almost as a barrier For those things as well Then when he starts using his illustrators, they're really slow as he's using these things and he as he goes forward He's like this and this and then when he's finished when he's had he said that's enough He brings it back forward and you hear it hit his lap So that's the way he's using his illustrators in that point So what we're seeing here just so you'll know when someone is being deceptive a lot of times you'll always hear Oh, they move back away from deception. Sometimes they will sometimes they won't but in this case He is as he braces himself to start to start giving his I want to say something cuss word answer, but he started giving his his deceptive answer So greg what do you got? Yeah, so he's still doing the shrinking target the uncle fester look You know his head's still kind of shrunken down into his body But he also when she starts to ask the question his face does recognition Something he's prepared to defend against and you see him almost look happy for a minute And then he does the request for approval and he does that pushing away What you're talking about with his hand as he sits back There's not I'm not going to cover a whole lot of body language here As he works through the mechanics of all these questions. He also then is going about Chat from redirect he's dumping a lot of words that have no meaning And hoping she'll pick up on one so he can move in the other direction There's not a lot of content anything he says his voice tone goes to really soft because if I tell a lie And it's low, maybe you won't hear and you hear that in people a lot when a person is telling you something It's not true and they guard and they go to the lower voice and they they get lighter and they're leaning in So you can hear them. That's all them trying to deceive you. I listen when someone's changing tone Something is up. Something's changed in their head when their volume level changes People who are masterful at managing the situation will use that to draw you in closer In this case, I think it's more of a if I don't say it out loud Then i'm not going to be held accountable and then the I don't know and all of those Typical ways of avoiding questions mark. What do you get? Yeah, so the brain loves predictability and autonomy the the ability to make decisions when it's in an environment Where it's unpredictable to it and it doesn't feel like it has a lot of power to decide what's going on Levels of dopamine reduce and dopamine is the neurotransmitter that says to the brain Hey, things are going to get good. We've got some good expectations out of this So the brain gets really kind of depressed. So we use adapters We like to manipulate the world around us simply so the brain goes Hey, we've got a lot of choice here. I can I can move my jacket. Hey, I can shift How i'm sitting right now that causes the brain to get optimistic So we adapt when we want the world to get better for us and we want to feel better He does this massive adapter, which is this big shift in the chair Because he's under pressure and he wants to feel better I would say in this particular circumstance It kind of works quite well for him because I think he gets just that little bit more confident When he's made this big move So we might get distracted by the confidence. We might go. Hey, I think these answers are going pretty well Maybe he's being honest because look at how confident he feels But we've got to put it in the perspective of such a massive adapter beforehand and how that may have triggered him into feeling a lot more confident when his answers really have that same resonance of untruthfulness About them. Uh, who've we got next chase? Yep. Thanks mark and deliberate adapters are one of the key unclassified things that they teach in resistance to interrogation school can't talk about which ones Maybe gregna is more familiar with what we can't talk about but It's it's interesting that you can make deliberate adapters a part of a actual strategy to increase confidence and comfort We see some Seat adjustment here and this is really common anybody who's Okay, I'm kind of prepared for this but I need to adjust to deliver this There's fake innocence here Fake innocence. I'll just call it that. It's kind of like my clarinet hold And this is uh You see eyebrow flash and nodding for approval at the same time.  He's his head nods harder And his eyebrows go up to force an agreement behavior from the other person So that's kind of he's requesting or forcing the other person to nod because he's doing that so much And that's I'll leave it at that What personal allowances jamem ministry provides you or stipends for Housing or automobile or whatever. What do they provide you? You know, I I know there are many allowances, but one that I Can't say is housing allowance But in order for you to get the accurate Names for what they allow you have to talk to a professional because I don't want to give you misinformation No, I'm not asking in theory. What is possible? I'm asking what actually jmmi provides to you Objection asked an answer and said he doesn't know it's not responsive. I just don't know. I'm just telling you Okay, well, that's an answer, but that's not what you told me before um Who drives the Bentley? My driver Who's your driver? I have a number of drivers So you would say um james or cliff And they're responsible for picking up our our guests in those cars They fly in for meetings and things like that In the same thing with the 2007 Mercedes Benz. Yes 2008 BMW. Yes Are those owned outright or subject to any kind of loan? They're owned Outright, there's no loan on those. No, okay When you come to michigan Greg, what do you got? Yeah, so I'll try not to steal everything here guys. This is a mess. First of all, how do you answer a question? When what he stumbles into something you shouldn't have by trying to be a little vague in the process He's trying to just avoid her question and says Who drives it and she says And he says my driver and then he's like, uh, oh, I got four drivers now This is starting to make me look more wealthy than I would be So he starts to do all kinds of things. He does a lip compression Which for me is the same thing you call a lip grip or whatever I I caught lip grip other people call lip compression That can be containing data or emotion its information one way or the other his blink rate goes through the roof He does this he crosses his body and adapts Again sacred space he barriers with his arm and scratches his leg tries to make it look comfortable He is licking his lips all that fight or flight is coming up So he knows he's in a bind and he's lowered his voice. His volume is down Guys, this is red flag Anybody anybody who studied anybody language at all would be able to recognize all those Does it mean he's lying? No, but it certainly means there's something inside his little head that is causing this stress The amygdala has recognized the threat and his body is responding That's what we look for is red flags and then the fact he's being not forthcoming with information You have to pull his teeth to get the information. He's a great indicator that he's being deceptive Scott. What do you got? Well, I had everything you had So I've got about two things left Uh, we'll start with uh, oh, I know we'll go when when he starts giving up too much information For something he just starts telling her about all of his drivers She says who drives that car should have said cliff or james either one of those But he starts but then he says and mark i'm probably stealing this I'll talk about it. I'll do a little part of it. He says so you should say And that's when he starts talking about um Or you would say instead of giving the answer. He doesn't say well, it's this this here's what they do He said you would say they do this So he's he's just subconsciously back there He wants her to to believe and to say that they that what they're doing is Picking up people at the airport and bring them to the house for these meetings because when he starts talking about that Um, they start talking about the various tasks tasks. They perform. That's when he starts moving his arms scratching his ankle They're bringing that arm across What he starts talking about when what they do is when they pick up our guests and bring him to the house for meetings Every time you can see his eyes He he eye blocks at that point slowly I mean it takes while his eyes close when he's talking about those things So he's again like greg said he's embarrassed about that because he knows he's he's saying way too much at that point I think it's dawned on him because they're not having meetings at that house. Have you have you seen that place? Holy smokes man.  No, wait chase. What do you got? I think there's some internal dialogue here At the beginning we see him looking down And it's it's a question that requires zero Cognitive effort who drives your car? It I could ask anybody if I ask you watching right now you you wouldn't have to go Well me And then think about it a little bit So this is internal dialogue. How do I manage this? How do I shape the situation? And we see a really great Tiny micro expression of disgust The moment the woman says 2008 BMW you can learn about those micro expressions at body language tactics dot com I actually went to the course that is in there And there is overt the most amazingly overt display of lip licking as a hygienic gesture that I've ever seen here this that it is just Wedding his entire lips to change the appearance.  What do you got? Yeah, lovely. So you might think okay Mark can't have anything by now, but this is so packed That even though they've been through everything. There's still some more Look when she says who drives the Bentley. I think we see freeze at that point I think we see a moment of freeze and then I think we see an eyebrow rays of recognition there He's acknowledging that she's got him on this one. I don't think he was expecting this one Which is why I think he's so longing coming up with these answers because I don't think he thought this one was coming along And this one is quite poignant and here's why when he gets to Scott was saying guest meetings and Things like that. What do you mean things like what do you mean things like that like what like I'd be asking When you say things like that or what kind of things are you talking about? Because his hand immediately goes back here and starts scratching Which for me is a red flag of let's talk about things like that. Scott. I didn't know about the swimming pool and the car But in my mind I was going I wonder who these guests are Yeah, who are these guests how many guests how often guests to what? so He knows that there is something to be dug into there that he doesn't want revealing And then we get So there's no loans on these at that point. I believe what I see is him checking for the exits Yeah, he is looking to do a runner Now now He's it's a pincer movement. They've got him on all sides His breathing increases his adapters increase at this point They're summing around these vehicles and what arrives In these vehicles, I think and what these are used for that. I think is a super hot point of this I don't know what it is. I'd quite like to go and investigate right now and see what it is But but it really raises to a crescendo here. So that's that's what I got and one thing to your point mark Oh, I was hoping one of you guys would say it. I think he cannot resist An opportunity to show status Agreed And that's the reason he said I have many drivers Not two Not three many and you'll see many.  I think to this guy matters, right Hey, Greg talk If we're using an interrogation technique I would do pride into ego down where I say well, you're really kind of a second rate preacher I bet you make You know 20 cents a week you get change in your plate And you know, then he would know, you know, that's how you go after those people when you interrogate him Because pride in ego down forces them to defend and they become larger than life to show you how big they're Works well. Okay going going to what joe navarro calls um verbal bridging And we always talk about that that opens it up for those micro Yeah, so talk talk about that a little bit verbal bridging is nothing more than hiding time Using words to to jump over space and I think schaefer and navarro together came up with that But I guess I remember I was working with schaefer when when they brought that to us and we were teaching agencies But words like and then after that so Words like that allow you to skip over time So the way they showed us is they would give you a video of a guy walking in a store stealing some food Or some alcohol as he left and then say write a statement about what you just saw as if you're the person And almost to the person every person said I went in the store. I looked around I went to buy a soda decided I didn't want one and then left to the person So it's a way to hide information that you don't want other people to hear And there can be other ways as well But it's just simply a way of hiding information because language is only part of how we are we think But remembering that your first language patterns your brain So english has a certain methodology and the way you hide information is designed to buy that language If you spoke chinese you would hide it a different way. It's just the way we're structured Who drives the Bentley? My driver Who's your driver? I have a number of drivers So you would say um james or cliff And they're responsible for picking up our our guests in those cars They're flying for meetings and things like that And the same thing with the 2007 mercedes-benz. Yes 2008 bmw. Yes Are those owned outright or subject to any kind of loan? Uh, they're owned Outright, there's no loan on those. No, okay When you come to michigan There you have it Four videos that let you know when someone's lying to you that we've shown you the things to look for some of the things I'll look for when you think someone's being deceptive and you start seeing these things You may see very small versions of these. You don't want to look for just one You don't look for three four of those things So that's when you start saying wait a minute something's not right here When you see the first one you go hey heads up when you see the second you go Okay, here we go and you see it's over and you go. All right, it's on So make sure you don't just see the one you go. Oh, that person's lying And I know why and here's why that's an absolute you want to pick more than one two or three Get in there and get a group of them So now if you like what we're doing subscribe to our channel hit the like button down there and down there on There you go right down there were marks pointing hit that subscribe button that'll subscribe the channel Usually we get these out on thursdays, but sometimes we come out early on wednesdays for people who subscribe they'll know So if you want to see um, what we've done as early as possible Hit that subscribe button and hit the little bell and it'll let you know as soon as we put one out All right, we're good. Yeah good. There's one again.


It's been a blustery and cold month of November so far, but we've had tons of championships to get to, so cozy on up to this month's rendition of the Stevenson Athletics Plays of the Month, featuring plays from the month of November. Yeah, Stevenson final regular season game at Lycoming, Dan Williams hooks up with Preston Atto for a bomb of a play, 80 yards to the house, beautiful throw, beautiful catch. That man catching that ball, 12 of them in the end zone this year. 12 touchdown passes, catches, earned in first team all conference. That man throwing in those passes, Dan Williams, was named offensive player of the year. He seriously threw that ball literally 40 yards, half way there. Everything about that play was beautiful. It was wonderful. It was a wonderful play from that same game. Just under two minutes remaining in the game, it's going to be junior Mike Dot 2. Getting his second pick of the season to seal the win for the Mustangs, who go on to win the Mac Championship, earn that NCAA birth for the first time in program history, and travel next following week they would travel up to Wesley in that NCAA first round. Dot 2 in that game, another two picks. Yeah, finished with 4 in the year, earned all conference honorable mention honors. Pink will mention that a little later too. Moving on, soccer, women's soccer, they advance to postseason play. Eighth time in the last nine years, their sixth appearance in the ECA tournament. What a goal there from freshman Alyssa Rasmussen. A beautiful left footed shot after the ball bounces around in there, puts it in the perfect position, upper left 90, upper right 90. Her first career goal, finished with three points in the game, Mustangs defeated Chatham, five, nothing. Another championship to talk about, it's women's volleyball. Annika Schwartz getting huge blocks in this fifth set against Messiah's Falcons. These points down the stretch here in the fifths and deciding said would earn the championship for the Mustangs. She's excited, the crowd was excited. Let's check out this last kill. And the celebration ensues, Mustangs earning their fifth straight Mac Commonwealth championship, sixth straight birth to the NCAA tournament. And we just hope those streaks just never end. I love that winning never gets old for them. You know, senior Chris and Brooks right here, this is her fourth. And the tears are coming. I mean, this is incredible, like it's like they just won it for the first time. Let's move on to the ice at Reicherstown Sportsplex. Men's ice hockey team taking on Manhattanville in the ECAC West Contest. And that is Mark Bowen, his first career goal. Look at this, makes a move there, makes a move there. That defender can catch up. Backhander for the score, his first career goal. Beautiful moves, beautiful finish. Mustangs in their inaugural season, currently five and five on the year. Let's continue back to football field at that NCAA first round game. It's going to be Dan Williams hooking up with Devin Salisbury. Like we've never seen it before. Wide open out in the flats. Salisbury reigns it in and is just going to be gone. He's shedding tacklers left and right. Let's check this one out again. Huge stiff arm here. You think he's going to be caught right around the 20 yard line, but nope. He's a strong man and he's going to keep on running, bringing in six points for the Mustangs. Joe, it's November.  And this is Amani Sanders women's basketball with the steal and the finish. I have no idea how she got that to go in. Right handed back to the basket. She can't see the basket. Doesn't matter. Ball goes in. What a finish. She finished with 10 points and five rebounds in this game. Mustangs defeated former CAC rival, Marymount, 57-44. Court awareness. You don't need to see the basket. You just need to know where you are. Benjamin Young knows where he is. He's right under the basket, cleaning up the Tim McMeal shot, throwing it home with an impressive slam dunk. The bench loves it on the left side of that frame. Get yourself some points, young man. And this is a prime example of why coaches yell at their players to box out. No one boxes them out. Doesn't even know where he is. Biggest guy on the court. What a slam dunk. Let's get to some shout outs. Let's start with some cross country links and gash. We gave him a shout out before, but he's getting another one. At the NCA Mideast Regional, the sophomore set a new school record in the 8K with a time of 25-37 for a 22nd place finish. That finish earned him a spot on the NCA Division III Mideast All-Region team, becoming the first All-Region honor in program history. Gash and the Mustangs finished 15th overall. That's the highest finish in program history. That men's cross country team is young and it is good. And one of those good young runners is Patrick Watson. He earns all freshman team honors. You have to be in the top seven in the freshman in the region to earn that accolade. He finished in the region with a time of 26-36 to earn the spot, becoming the first Mustang in program history to do so. Someone we probably don't talk about enough is Annika Schwartz. This is her collecting her Mac Commonwealth Most Outstanding Player Award. She finished with 13 kills against Messiah in that conference championship game. Four of those came in the fifth set, but more impressive, she earned second team All-American honors given out by the ABCA. She's a first player in program history to earn first, second, or third team honors. After receiving honorable mention honors her first two seasons, since 2011 on that streak that they've been on, they've had 13 All-American honors. So congratulations to her and to the Mustangs. Let's talk about some women swimming dominating performance up at King's College. They win all 11 events in route to 128 to 55 dual-meat victory. Head coach John Stoltrager was very pleased with the team saying that they swam smart. Yeah, if you want to know what that means, you should check out the John Stoltrager. John Stoltrager show. See, it's hard to say. It is. I called him Ston one time and I can't live it down. It's all right. He'll explain to you what swimming smart means. Moving on back to football, what a congratulations this is. After winning back-to-back bowl wins in 2014 and 2015, they take that next step winning the conference with a 9-1 regular season record, 8-1 in the conference. They advance to their first NCAA tournament. The team had 17 all-conference selections show, 17, and they swept all three major award winners, Dan Williams, all-pens player of the year, kid named Alston Tennessee. Not sure if you've heard of that guy, but he's a defensive player of the year and head coach Ed Hoddle. Congratulations for Coach of the Year honors. So congratulations to all of them. And another congratulations to another Mac championship. The women's volleyball team, as we mentioned earlier, they are in their fifth straight Mac Commonwealth championship victory, their sixth straight trip to the NCAA tournament. They had six players named all-conference with juniors Deanna Bradbury and Anika Schwartz named to the first team, one for the top. One for the top. Moving on, let's talk some women's basketball. They opened the 2016-17 season on the road. It's hard to do, but when you're playing the 24th ranked team, it's even harder, but it doesn't matter. Mustangs down the docks, the Stevens docks, 56-51. Mustangs forced 20 turnovers in that game, scoring 20 points off of those turnovers. Someone else we don't talk enough about, senior, Sarah Harbert. She led the way in that game, 21 points, 11 rebounds, Joe. Five games this season so far. Sarah Harbert, five double doubles. All-American is off to an all-American start. Last weekend, they picked up two more impressive wins, one over FPU Florm, the 2014 national champions, and a win the next day versus Marymount, who was receiving votes in the pre-season poll, so congrats on the good start for the Mustangs. And that weekend with FPU Florm and Marymount was a rewarding weekend for Stevenson Athletics. Not only does the women's basketball team sweep those two games, the men's basketball team also beats Penn State Berks. And Stevenson Athletics collects 246 pounds of food to benefit the Maryland Food Bank. Huge thank you to everybody who came and supported the Maryland Food Bank and a huge shout out to the man with the idea, boss man, Greg Royce. Wonderful idea. Yeah, I mean, you get free admission for donating some food, and some people might even say it's just easier to pay, but the amount of food that we had to carry bags into the van and big box of food, it was incredible. And you said three wins, so it's a win-win for everyone there. Win-win-win. No pun intended. Oh, that was on purpose. That is absolutely on purpose. All right, well, now we'll do it for the month of November. Keep cozying on up to our highlight packages to follow all of our 27 varsity sports. Visit us at gomustangsports.com Follow us on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Snapchat at gomustangsports. Hashtag Stagnation.


Hi everyone, Joe for Jaspy's casebreaks.com, coming out to you with 2021 Panini National Treasures Baseball. Two box, pick your team number 25. From a fresh case as well, there it is, 2021 NT Baseball. Big thanks to everyone here for getting into it, appreciate it.  And here are the results of the number block, random number block randomizer, featuring that big group of teams there. I can actually upload that, I don't think I uploaded it. If I don't do it now, I'm just definitely going to forget. Man, do the Mariners crack 62 wins this year? It's crazy to think that they started off the season so well. And I remember, I remember you saying Chad that you don't, you didn't think the Mariners were going to be under 500 all season long. But now it's looking, looking bleep. All right, next two boxes are in the store right now. So on the, when we select a die, we're going to select one of these right here. One, two, three for the top two and four, five, six for the bottom two. One, two, three, four, five, six, five. One, two, three is on top right here. So this, we will save for, this is break 25. This will be for 26, which is already on the site. No fillers yet. All right, good luck boys and girls. I don't know, it's just, I just go on feel, on gut instinct. I just felt like the right one at the time. There's Sean Murphy, 43 out of 99 for the A's, Brittany with Oakland. Matt, is that a Mac of the baseball game? Yes, once it sells out, we'll do it. So sell it out. There's Retro Materials, Mike Schmidt, two out of 49. Where's Schmidt Collector? That goes to Nestor and the Phillies. Harold Baines, 56 out of 99, Hall of Fame Materials. For the White Sox, that'll be for Ed. Oh, nice, they're sold out. Then the number, the fillers too? Excellent. Then it will break whenever I go through orders. All right, Eddie Matthews, five out of 49. Matthews, Boston Braves, right? He was part of Boston, Milwaukee, and Atlanta Braves. All right, Lonnie with the Braves. Oh, a redemption. It's Daz Cameron, Signature Names Gold for Detroit. Detroit is a number block team, so that'll go to zero. Carl to Detroit, zero. That's Mike Cameron, since some of you may remember Mike Cameron, that is his son. All right, and for the Braves, Andrew Jones, 10 out of 10. I think Andrew Jones also has a kid, Drew, I think, that is also pretty good. That'll be for Lonnie, if it's senior. We've got a three-color patch in auto, Bobby Dalbeck, 11 out of 49. Yeah, chatter members, old Mike Cameron. Seattle's second best center fielder in their history. There's Bobby Dalbeck. I feel like there's got to be like a Dalbeck-malbeck kind of thing that he should do later on in life. Red Sox are a number block team, so that goes to Red Sox. We go by that digit right there, Red Sox one. That'll be for Carl. And Fred Lynn, that looks really cool. Well, Stars and Stripes Auto, Fred Lynn. That is 10 out of 10 for the Red Sox. So that goes to that digit right there, Red Sox zero. And that is going to be for Carl. And the book. The book is Keegan Akin, 51 out of 99. Jersey and Autograph for the Orioles. All right. Joe P. has looked into the future and knows that Keegan Akin is going to be a bust. He's saying, what a waste of a book. Joe P. knows the future. Yeah, I know. I get it. Is Andrew Jones a Hall of Famer? Lombardo is asking a little bit earlier. I feel like if there weren't a few lost seasons here and there, I feel like he was definitely on that trajectory. Nine out of 25, Phil Necrow. Braves. That'll be for Lonnie. We got a one of one Dick Williams. Nice, the old manager of the Montreal Expos in the late 70s, right? Yeah. So Expo stuff, of course, goes to the Nationals. And a one of one goes to Carl, who has the number one Carl. All aboard the Big Hit Express. We got Ronald Acuna Jr. 14 out of 99. And we've got Singture Names. That's Luen Diaz, 37 out of 49. Juntos, Miami. That's a cool looking car. Nice colors in there. That's for Steve Locke and the Marlins. And we got Nick Niter, another one for the Marlins. 57 out of 99. Yeah, it would be nice to see Montreal with a baseball team, but I think that looks better, Mike. I think over the years, Panini has been better about trying to find different pictures that kind of hide the licensing a little bit better. 28 out of 99, Brax and Garrett. That's three Miami Marlins cards in a row for Steve Locke. He's heating up. He's on fire. Next up is Big Boppy, David Ortiz. That is 10 out of 10 game gear, Jersey and Autograph. So that goes to Boston Zero. And that'll be for Carl. There you go. And the book. And another two boxes in the store, ladies and gentlemen. So check it out. Out to backwards. It is. Mookie bets. Mike Trout. Dual relics. Wow. Craig has the Angels. The Dodgers are a number block team. So that's Dodgers 2. Steve Herrick, you've got a chance at it. Both of those guys have some good years. All right. So I need to make one person happy and one person sad. Let's go to random.org. Dodgers, Angels. Let's roll it and randomize it four and a one, five times. I agree, Joe. Bets does make that book four and a one, five times. Team on top after five. One, two, three, four, and one more, fifth and final time. And it goes to the Angels after five. So congrats to the Apologies to Steve. But congrats to Craig. Bought the Angels straight up. Gets the legendary silhouette dual booklet. Two out of 25. Two pieces of their lumber. I agree, Joe. Makes it great. Joe P, big fan of Mookie Bets. He says that makes the book. All right. There you go, gang. I'm Joe for jaskyscasebreaks.com. I will see you next time for the next one. Bye-bye.


So here we're checking out an open-source GPU here at the Lunara Connect and who are you? I'm Fabricio, from the University of Sao Paulo, I think it's... Cool, so you're working on an open-source GPU, how does that work? Well, it works basically using an SOC that has an arm inside, then we run an entire software part of the graph pipeline over the arm, then the hardware part that is implemented we get on the FPGA. So the hardware part, when you say that, it means the GPU hardware? What do you mean? The GPU hardware, the part that was implemented on you. And so this is an Altera, a Cyclone, SOC Cyclone 5, this is arm Cortex-A9 or something? Yes, yes, it's A9, if I remember well. And then is this special? Nobody has done this before? Is this the first time somebody do this, like this? Like this, I think the approach of using SOC I think is the first, but there are some GPU implementations. Maybe not the entire graph pipeline, but I think this project is new about this. So what GPU design do you have? Do you make open-source? Yes, it is open-source, you can get it on the link in the GitLab, it is on the PUSH license, PUSH 2, it is open to everyone. Did you design it? Yes. You designed the GPU? Yes, the part that was implemented in hardware, I designed it by myself. So it's not like Mali, it's not like PowerVR, it's not like the other ones? No, no, no, because it's much more simple, but the main question is not that. The main point is the approach, the methodology. You can just take this entire graph pipeline on software, then choose some part of this pipeline and implement it on the hardware, using the FPGA. So you can have a development board and a development methodology to GPU and to GPGPU. GPGPU 2? But you say it's a simple GPU, what do you have? It is simple because it implements just on the Hasterizer. The what laser? Hasterizer. Hasterizer is that point that takes the vertices of triangles and chooses when it is filled with pixels. So inside the triangle must have pixels, outside don't have pixels. So based on this open source project you have right here, it's possible to do much more. What's going to happen in the future? Well, we can do a better memory management, we can do shaders for using the shader processing, we can do the GPGPU approach, we can do video codification and it's hardly like that. But what's the future end goal for this? Is it right now running on the FPGA, is it going to be for everyone on the FPGA? No, I think if we have a very good and very well developed hardware, we can take this and put on an easy key. There's a lot of work to do this, but that is the first step. So there's a lot of work still? Who is going to do this? Yes, maybe me, maybe the community. Today I'm working almost alone, but if anyone wants to help, it will be great. When did you start this project? Well, I did this in half of the 2016 and it took me about eight months to achieve this stage. And you had a presentation here at the LeonardoConnect? You present this? Yes, that's a presentation. I killed the LeonardoConnect. Many people show up? Yes, people get interested in it because well, it's a very good project. It is great to have an open GPU. It was hard to develop it, but it's great. Some guys around here have been working on the open source Adreno GPU, free Adreno, and there's a Mali open source Lima, right? Has anything to do with what you do? No, nothing to do. I think it's much more the hardware part, not the driver part. They're just doing open source driver only? I think, yes, I don't know deeply they work, but I think it is more the driver part. Here we are talking about the hardware, the RTL and everything like that. So, what's an RTL? RTL is the registered transfer level. It is the part that you use to make a NASIQI, so it's the intermediary part to make a NASIQI. And what kind of considerations have been made when Mali designed Mali hardware, or when PowerVR designed PowerVR?  Well, the point is the hardware is a thing that is very closed. Today the GPUs are more or less equivalent with more or less the same approach, but they differ on the details. So, that's the part we want here. We want a really open GPU with the community giving a great step to the knowledge, to the free knowledge. So, what do you think about the Linaro Connect and what kind of questions did you get at your sessions? What did the people come up and say ask some stuff? Well, they get very excited to know about it. They asked me about the source code, it's very important to have everything open. They asked me about if I could use other platforms, if it is... I don't know, it's things like that. People get really excited about it. What do you think about the Linaro Connect? How about the Linaro guys? Well, the Linaro is very great, it's a central point of the technology. People say about technology even at lunch. People say about technology all the time, that's very good. And that are people that knows very deeply about this, about their subject. It's very interesting. And how is it that the university in Sao Paulo, how is it over there? Well, we have a lot of opportunities in this hardware part. We have some approach, we have some initiatives, but it's not so easy to find the correct people, the right people to talk about, to think about these things. But I think it's good enough to start a development. Anybody working on new chipsets over there, in the division where you are? Some hardware solutions and chips? Yes, people try to do that, but the chip is a very complex thing. And we don't have the structure to do that in large scale. But we have some initiatives like that. Today we are working more on the IoT and the higher level development of technologies. Not so deep in this part that we are talking about here. It's an international network in the community, it has to be global to get these kinds of things done, right? Yes, yes. Alright, so looking forward to the future, open source GPU, what is the name for it? What is the name of your GPU? OpenGPU, it's simple.