Hi everyone. This is Salvatore Bobonis, your unit of study coordinator for Sociology 2000 Global Social Problems. And this video is just a quick introduction to how to access your tutorial meeting rooms for the tutorials for our class. Now of course we have an all online class and the tutorial meetings are online. So to access your tutorial meeting rooms, just log into Blackboard. Your Blackboard will look a little different than mine because I have to view mine using a student preview function, but it should look something similar. And when you get into Blackboard, navigate to the tutorial meetings section of the Blackboard site. It's on the left hand column. Just click tutorial meetings. There you'll see a link to this video, but then below it you'll see a link to enter your tutorial room. That link will bring you to Adobe Connect. All of you should have experienced by now logging in with Adobe Connect and just go ahead and log in with your UniKey and password. Now Adobe Connect is something of a finicky piece of software. So it may be some delay in logging in. It may ask you to allow Adobe Flash, you know, whatever it asks you to do, please just click OK and get through to your dashboard. Now when it brings you to the dashboard, you won't see a list of all the tutorials like I see here. You should only see a link to your own tutorial. Now I can see all of them because I'm the unit of study coordinator, but when you go in Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, your own tutorial time in week three, by that point we should have this lockdown so you only see one choice and that choice is your own tutorial. Now I'm going to look at a template that is identical to the kind of tutorial rooms you'll have and it may take a moment to log into Adobe Connect. It can be very slow. Please be patient with the software. Once you log in, you'll see a room something like this. There is a webcam area of the room, a chat box, discussion notes. There's also a screen sharing facility down here. I suggest you don't click on these other buttons or play around with the layout. Just use the room more or less as it is. The one thing you might want to do is you might want to expand the discussion notes box. So if your discussion notes starts out looking small like this, you can actually grab the edges of these windows and make it bigger so you can see the discussion notes more easily. Most of the action here for our tutorials is going to happen in the discussion notes. Now to actually interact with each other, I want you to at least get on audio. To get on audio, you have to click the microphone button. Connect my audio and click allow and now my audio is online in the room. If you'd like to appear on webcam as well, I strongly encourage that. You can click start my webcam or you can come up here to the webcam button and click start the webcam and start sharing. It will offer you to add an add-in. I don't think there's any need to do that. You can just cancel out of that.  That's me. Hi. And we're kind of in a infinite regression paradox that this is me on a video talking to me on a video talking to you on a video, etc. But that's me in the Adobe Connect room. When you connect, you should be able to get on video just as well. And I strongly encourage you to at least introduce yourselves to each other. Just to say hi. It's nice to say hi and it's nice to know who's in your tutorial. The biggest mistake people make, the biggest problem we have is that they turn on their webcam, but they don't turn on their audio. So make sure if no one can hear you, if people are saying, I can't hear you, I can't hear you, make sure that you click this microphone button so that it is green. You don't want it to be white. You don't want it to be a crossed off microphone. You want it to be a green microphone showing that you are in fact on audio. If you're having problems connecting and you need to like ask everyone, you know, is there a problem you can type in the chat box? Can you hear me and you know, someone might answer there helping you get coordinated. But in general, I strongly recommend you focus on the audio function, not use the chat box for discussions. The actual action of the tutorial is going to happen here in the discussion notes section, because it's what you leave in the discussion notes that I'm going to grade you on. And if I go back to blackboard, you'll see in blackboard a list of things that I want to see every week in the discussion notes, the date of the tutorial, who's the note taker, you know, sign in assignment one, assignment two, assignment three. So I'm actually going to literally copy this and paste it into my discussion notes. There we go. So I have that kind of template already ready. And the date of the tutorial, for example, if your tutorial is on Tuesday at 10am, would be Tuesday, March, gotta look that up, Tuesday will be March 20th, 10am.  Now, every week, you'll nominate a note taker. And that should rotate week by week. So it's not the same note taker every week. Until everyone's done it once, nobody should do it twice. So throughout the semester, everyone will do it either once or twice during the semester. And I'd like to see you put the name of the note taker here. So this week's note taker, Salvatore Bobonis. And then attendance, every student should sign in for herself or himself. So here I am in the tutorial this week. Now, every week, I'll ask you to do several assignments as a group as a team in tutorial. And if I go to Blackboard for this week, if we go to weekly assignments, week three, you'll see that in week three, in the tutorial materials section of the Blackboard site. First, you'll see a link to this video. Now, I'm currently recording his video. So the link isn't there yet. But the link will be there by the time you come to do your tutorials. And then you'll see a series of assignments. So the first assignment, assignment one is log into your tutorial team meeting room, and introduce yourselves. So that's that simple. Assignment one is introduce yourselves. In the discussion notes section, make sure you record your attendance and choose a note taker for the week. So that's the first thing I've asked you to do is find the note taker and record your attendance. But assignment two, assignment two is to pull together the data from last week, that is from the week two tutorial assignment. Now, that means all of you have to go back to week two, make sure you've already done the assignment you were assigned to do for tutorial in week two, which was to go to the World Economic Forum's gender database and gender quality database and collect some data. Now, I told you in week two that you could choose any two countries in the world, one rich one poor, any two countries, except Australia and China. And the reason was that I'm using Australia and China. But I'd like you to build a table. So here I've asked you to build a table with every student's data.  I'm just going to copy what's here in the instructions. I'm going to go to the room and assignment one, while assignment one is done above that is the attendance. But under assignment two, well, I'm going to copy and paste the table in. Now, I don't care if tables in these discussion notes look good or not. I'm not grading on presentation. The discussion notes is not a great place for making tables and things. I just want to see the information.  The labor force ratio from the World Economic Forum was 0.86. The wage equality ratio was 0.66. And the student who put that information in was Salvatore Bobonis. Alright, so if you're doing this, you might have chosen a country like Malaysia. That would be a poor country. The labor force ratio would be whatever you found in your research. The wage equality ratio would be whatever you found in your research. And the student entering that information would be whoever you are. You know, ba, bo, su. Alright. And you know, I'd like to see all of this entered. So by the time you're done, this table is going to have, you know, about 14 rows. It's going to have two rows for every student in this tutorial. Plus, if you want to include it, you can include my row as well. Okay. Now, again, going back to the assignment for this week, I then ask you a question. Overall, do you think the gender gap is larger in rich countries or poor countries? What leads you to the conclusion? Answer in two to three sentences.  I mean, you have all this data in your table. You're going to have 14 lines of data about the gender gap about the labor force participation ratio, and about the wage equality for equal work ratio. And, you know, have a discussion form an opinion around that. But then whoever is the note taker for the week should take the tutorial team answer and record it here and record it during the tutorial. This is not homework for the note taker to do sometime later. You know, if you guys agree that, you know, in general, the, you know, level of gender inequality is highest in and, you know, the note taker should write that answer out right here in front of everybody, because we need to get everyone's buy-in on the answer. And once you all agree, you finalize it, move on to assignment three. Assignment three this week is I'll leave it for you to read yourself. But, you know, there it is. And it's based on the readings you did for this week. Okay. Also at the bottom of this week's tutorial assignment, I've included the information about the template for what you should include in each week's tutorial material. Okay. So that's how it goes. When you're finished with your tutorial, you know, you've done all your discussion notes, you've answered assignments one, two, and three. You should spend about 50 minutes, you know, same as an in-person tutorial. That's the benchmark for how long it should take you to do the group tutorials.  Just leave that information there in the discussion notes section. What I will do is I'll come around at the end of the week and I will give my comments. So I'll say something like great work, and I'll give additional comments on the things you've done. And I'll always put my comments in red so that it's clear to you that it comes from me.  When I give my comments, I'll give them in red. Now, when you log out of the tutorial room, that information will still be there. If you go through 50 minutes and you don't quite finish the tutorial, leave it. Tutorial is 50 minutes long. So it's definitely not homework for the note taker to finish the tutorial if you guys don't finish it in 50 minutes. But I really expect that, you should be able to do these tutorials in about 45 or 50 minutes each week. If I'm wrong, email me, let me know. I'm happy to reconsider and lighten up or increase the workload to make sure you have 50 minutes worth of material to do. I hope that's clear. One last thing. This is an online class and whenever you're doing online, things go wrong. Technology doesn't work. Something won't log in. The software freezes up. Things happen. If something goes wrong, don't panic. Just let it go. Something went wrong. Send me an email and asking what to do. And usually what I'll say, if there was a serious problem, I'll say, look, just send me the information you were going to post. Or I'll give you an alternative of some kind or I'll work it out with you some way. Just bear with things. I know that the technology doesn't always work for me. And so I accept that it won't always work for you. What I do demand is that you make a good faith effort to make it work. You know, give it a good try. Let's learn something. You know, let's get involved here and, you know, enjoy the tutorials. So students in prior years have really loved these Adobe Connect tutorial meetings. I hope you will too. Okay. That's it for me. Thanks everyone. And good luck with your week three tutorial.


Hello, hi, uh wait you can't hear me. Oh Hi Stella Hey, I was unmuting myself on the wrong voice chat Sorry, so I'm on that zoom. I can hear you. I know there's People here. I can stream this thing easily to twitch chat Oh Okay, I don't care if we do this or zoom Yeah, which ever whichever works It's funny. I was talking with the about the Fox paper with a coworker of mine on Friday We were wondering about reverse engineering it is the is the author currently on No, do you know the old sir? Do you want to ping him quickly? No I mean I Think I've met him once. I didn't my undergrad at Chicago, but I don't like to know any of them By the way, we're also live on twitch with my ugly magazine only visual reference Gotcha. Hello, Twitch So if you want to participate in this journal club, the link is In both this is the experimental side of the village So the link is in twitch chat There also the link is also in the discord If you are interested in using adversarial examples productively and want to talk about that Join the ai village general voice and just ask away It doesn't It'll be nice if you've read the paper, uh, but don't worry about that If you want to talk about this Uh principle like, you know adversarial examples for good sort of thing, uh Just, uh Come we'd love to hear from you So there are multiple ways for you to get on here Oh rich Hey Yeah, welcome to the process of moving and I discovered my uh My covet panic beans Yeah, when the whole thing was starting I bought a bunch of beans because I like making bean curries And I was worried that Beans would be a little bit hard to find And As I was moving I found my giant bag of Covet panic beans Isn't that like exactly what what we were told to not do? Uh, I mean I only I only I use about two cups of that so that would be like If I was eating, uh, bean curries three two three times a week, that's about, uh, three weeks of beans Some people bought like six months of beans Yeah, there was a while we we actually had to get, uh beans flour and yeast essentially off of Basically like the black market it was, uh Local company that was buying it in bulk and then like repackaging it and reselling it under the table Uh, nothing like people exploiting a Uh pandemic to make a quick buck That's true American ingenuity right there. Yeah, it's capitalism This is the part where we say yay capitalism, right? Capitalism is the problem Sometimes right sometimes I get my speaking points confused. So Um, I'll see how Well, how many So for everybody on twitch that is new to journal club, uh, basically what this is is we run this once a week on Wednesdays usually, um at five o'clock Pacific standard time or 8 p.m uh east coast time And uh, we have a paper that we're discussing. We usually get way off topic very quickly. Uh And oftentimes we have the author's on and we basically talk about the paper and the surrounding topics um And it's really interesting. You know, they usually have really interesting discussions to some like motifs because of our uh from our perspectives like Threat models whenever we have a model uh an academic paper with threat model in it. We usually rag on it for a bit Uh, unless the threat model is really good Because if you've never actually worked in security building a threat model, um from a purely academic perspective is hard and They do kind of uh, there's a lot of people who'd mess that up Um, but they at least try and try to figure out and uh when we have authors on We, you know, we'll talk about that all um and If you want to join us today, uh, it's free easy open. Um, you can come jump on the discord Voice chat. So we have air village general voice If you've got any questions about using adversarial examples to defend against facial recognition systems Please come jump on um Della since you've got like uh, you're invested in this paper a bit Do you want to describe what it goes over and like give us an overview of what what's going on? Okay, sure. So Is the is the author going to join us or or does it look like not no right now? No, it doesn't look like the author's gonna join us There was someone someone had a note that they were still trying to get a hold of them. Um, so that's the last update I heard I don't think we're gonna get them unfortunately Okay Yeah, yeah All right. So the paper we're discussing is called fox protecting privacy against unauthorized deep learning models I hope i'm in the right Talk, right? Yeah, that's the one so the So the background concept of this paper is that there are a lot of ways that people upload photos to the internet and Companies like facebook like google process your photo through a machine learning algorithm And use it to identify you and they can use this to identify you in future photos Um a couple years ago facebook rolled out an automatic tagging process where when you upload a new photo it tags your friends in it automatically And this creeped out a lot of people they were surprised that facebook was able to immediately identify who they work And so the kind of the conceit of this paper is to give people a a defense um a way to opt out of this kind of analysis Without necessarily opting out of like existing on the internet as a person um Another important connection that the authors are specifically is like clear view ai Which is a now or uh, which is a now infamous company that did uh analytics drawing on what was technically speaking public data To draw all sorts of conclusions about people Where the users were not particularly comfortable with the amount of information That clear view ai was able to obtain about them And this is kind of a repeating motif in Uh Like public use of technology, you know, nobody reads Terms of service nobody nobody has any idea what data agreements they're they're accepting and stuff like that um And even if you did, you know facebook has a monopoly on being facebook twitter has a monopoly on being twitter you either Go along with whatever they demand of you go along with your data Or you just don't exist on twitter and it's not like there's day a Twitter too that you can go on to and have the same sort of experience just not with the people who's data policy you don't like so The idea that's an idea that's been incubating Over the past year or so um in the adversarial ai community is hey Defeating algorithms like this is exactly what adversarial ai's are supposed to do They're supposed to adversarial ai's supposed to or adversarial examples. I should say um, it's supposed to take photos Transform them in a way that they look normal to humans But they can't be processed by ai algorithms correctly So instead of using these things to fool To as a these things are usually conceived in the literature as a negative They're as a bad thing they're used to fool ai algorithms and do harm But in terms of data privacy, you can view them as a very positive thing You can take an image of yourself And transform it so that ai's that look at it don't think that you're a person or think that you're a person who you're not And then when you upload it that photo that's been transformed onto the internet It looks like you to humans That's kind of the whole point, but it doesn't look like you to ai algorithms And so that's the that's the core idea at the center of this paper and that's ultimately what they try to achieve and what they do achieve um with Their approach they in the paper they refer to it as a cloak Yeah, it sounds about right, uh To cloak you but they're going to cloak you in a way that makes you look like an image from this reference data set um, so they're going to make you look like another person or look like another object and the reason that they give for this in the paper is that um This they find that this helps it get past screening out Screening algorithms. There's that that try to notice and reject um adversarial examples, so Typically when you use adversarial examples, you're inserting like a lot of noise and it's not anything in particular Um, it just happens to make you look different to the ai Um, but what they're doing here is trying to inject some kind of pattern thing that makes me look like one of poultry and then once it's made me look like one of poultry the idea is that the algorithms are supposed to uh Detect one this is going on Aren't going to notice because they're going to say this looks like a non adversarial photo of one of poultry I'm kind of salty about this because I spent a huge amount of time last year before the Talk I did on facial recognition trying to come up with a single like universal adversarial vector That would make one look like everyone was John Malkovich I'm literally written two-thirds of a paper on this exact topic. Yeah, definitely definitely an idea that's in the air No, um, yeah, this has been in the air for a long time. Um, there's a from an ethics point of view Because a lot of the the framework for this is is ethically oriented, you know giving users control over their data there's a really good paper from Either earlier this year or last year um called the ethics of adverse The politics of adversarial examples um That kind of discusses the fact that the AI literature like almost universally treats adversarial examples is a bad thing um, and how that's not really Fair discusses different ways that one could use them to achieve good, uh, though it's a it's a Ethics policy oriented paper and it doesn't Do any of them. So yeah, this is definitely an idea that's been around the block a couple times um For sure. Um, I know a lot of people who have had Thoughts along these lines Yeah, I want to say there was a talk at there was actually a talk at the village Last year. I'm drawing a complete blank on what they called it. Um, I think they were specifically targeting face books model and They were doing something a bit different. They were basically breaking the They were basically breaking like the facial detection step. So You know skipping the So the point where the the system would actually like put the bounding box and clip out the face tile around the face so that like Nothing looked like a face at all in it And so it wouldn't even go to the next step of like finding the vector for the face and then doing the embedding and then trying to match it Yeah, because a lot of a lot of these algorithms use some kind of bounding boxes or try to try to identify You know Images are complex. So you kind of have to first pick out where there's something that you're going to look at before you do that I don't think I've read that paper, but I assume you're talking about like disrupting its ability to find bounding boxes or Yeah, what faces are Yeah, so most most of these facial recognition systems go through like, um a three step process, right?  Yeah, then you use the landmarks to sort of like rotate and realign the face So it's sort of like dead on and in a standard orientation for those faces And then you put it through the actual facial recognition model, which will Take the face and embed it into a vector space And then you find like nearest matches when the within the vector space and that's the actual recognition step So this is what these guys are going after they're saying now take this face We'll let you find the face But now we're going to make you know, we're going to make still all look like one at the paltrow And what the guys at ai village last year did was they said we're not going to even let you find the face, right? It's going to look like You know like a landscape with no faces entered or something like that But it was the same idea, right? It's it's trying to find like the minimal Like least disturbing perturbation you can use that would Still like, you know, so your picture looks nice and you can share it on the internet, but You know either you can't find any faces in it or you do find faces, but they're they're tagged as the wrong people Yeah, I I that that is very similar and I think you just hit on something that's important to call out specifically You know, um, there are a lot of different types of data that might benefit from this sort of masking here They're using faces and they're doing that for important reason adversarial examples for faces seem to be Their performance is not better than it is On other kinds of data, but for facial analytics, you can make very difficult to perceive to So an adversarial example for Uh images and especially for facial analytics looks to a human like you haven't edited the image at all When you talk about like audio adversarial examples, um, like carlini has a Kind of the first major paper on that. Um You can hear in the background that there's a hum And as the strength of the adversarial example increases the hum increases and I've played around with these and you know, they're They're definitely you can even at the even at the loudest the kind of noise in the background is you can still clearly hear what's going on um But it is definitely perceptively modified to a human and so You know when you when you're talking about these being imperceptible changes I this because they're talking about, you know Editing your own data and then uploading it to facebook as if it was an original photo. That's something that's really important here You don't want people to have to You know the the ideal is is for people to be able to upload things that to their You know their followers or their friends or their I don't know whatever you want from your favorite social media platform You want it to be as close to the original content as possible to your desired audience Let's say to refer to the people you want to be listening to this despite being very different for your um You know your undesired audience of facebook's analytics algorithms correct And it doesn't help much with the however 10 15 years that social media has been a thing where It already has tons of pictures of you. So there's Yeah, I as much as I I love this line of research from a practical point of view it really does feel like like it's like the work is technically great, but In terms of making it a accessible to a wide to a wide range of people, right? Nobody See like a lot of people like just don't care about this sort of privacy thing, right? And so they'll update photos of upload photos of themselves or of of you and and and kind of not give a shit and then you know and then That we've also got the issue that there are tons of places where where you just don't have any control over The photo before it goes up, right? So we're You know if you're getting like an id photo taken of yourself Right That goes into the system as it goes into the system and we know that that's like part of what was being Collected by systems like clear view, right? They're getting like, you know state id cards and and passport photos and stuff like that And those are all getting like dragged into this dragnet and it it doesn't take Very many photos of a single person to get a good registration of them for a facial recognition system I mean in in a lot of cases you can get away with just one photo So so I understand that you can't go back and change the pre-existing photos but couldn't you give the application Permission to contact friends who have posted photos of you to ask them to use the application to blur you from them By the application What are you referring to because obviously facebook isn't going to give you that option Do you mean like the program you download to use this? Yeah, the one you were talking about blurring the image so facebook can't identify you So can you send a message to your friends to use that? I mean you could but it's going to be another it's going to be another hoop for them to jump through I mean people are lazy, right? This is one of the biggest problems with with doing any sort of security is People are lazy. They don't want to jump through extra hoops I understand I understand the people are lazy But it's it's easier if you can just invite someone to use a product Then having to find the link and send it to them They're far more likely to use it if you just send them an invite that's really easy to use Yes, that's definitely true. Um I believe that the authors are currently working on a Oh, why they have something they've one of the authors is a note on their website that they're currently developing like a download an exe plug and play A pre-trained model for people to use that will be like compatible with windows os and stuff like that So I believe that I believe the best answer is that they are aware of distribution problems and accessibility problems And that's something that they're actively working on. Um, I don't know if if invite links is something that they're That they're building into their program or not It's going to be very interesting to see kind of what they what what Sean Emily and the rest include. Um But I I don't know if that's something they're developing, but I think you're right that I know the question I have if you don't mind me asking is Does this cause problems were the visually impaired? for reading from like alt text Well, yeah, because When facebook like generates alt alt text, it's using a vision model. So if you're breaking the vision model, it is definitely Going to do something to the alt text. I mean the hope would be That this would only directly impact faces. And so, you know, it might be like, hey, you know, my buddy bob was hanging out with Gwyneth paltrow But there's always a chance that it could do other things to Like non facial recognition systems like object recognition or whatever Um, I don't think that this is something that these authors. I mean, it's a valid question It's definitely something that should be considered Um, I I don't think this is quite what these authors were focusing on in this paper though I understand the focus But it's absolutely. Yeah, no like usability and accessibility concerns are major things that that definitely My thing is my thing is there's currently um, the interpretation of the Of the ada Has been changed by Judges and now if you can't read the image whoever created that as the problem Can't be sued well It would be I think it would be on the Person who's making it impossible for facebook to do their job Of making it readable The I don't the ada doesn't apply to to private individuals though. There's no obligation I as myself Not as you know a company or as a Non-profit or something but if I just as myself upload a home video to youtube There's no requirement that that video be ada compliant in any way That was true until last year when the um when that changed Really? Yes Do you know the the court case or something? I'm very care. I'm yeah I can bring that do we have a text chat. I can put it in a text chat. Yeah, put it in then um, a g journal club juxtaposed um Yeah, this is a in a topic. I'm very interested and I have disabilities myself. I care a lot about accessibility um Honestly that wasn't something I thought about in this context And I'm right now on facebook trying to find out what the alt text for a photo of me is And I'm having trouble doing so um if anyone knows like you know I don't know if I don't know if the alt text says this is a photo of two people or if this is a photo of stella and madeline or a photo of stella and her girlfriend madeline Or just like a user uploaded photo But that is a definitely a very interesting question as to as to how it affects people who rely on augmented uh computer devices Yeah, I mean, I think it's Like the first step in any of these things is okay. Can we solve the immediate problem that we're worried about right? Can I can I actually like successfully convince? You know facebook to reliably retag photos of me as photos of john malkovich um, if you can't do that then worrying about the uh worrying about The accessibility stuff right it's it's kind of like the cart before the horse But yeah before you roll this into a widespread thing. I mean, it's definitely worth doing a careful look at Accessibility issues and I think there's also other things that that probably are worth considering like if you deploy this tool So that it can make everyone look like you know, john malkovich, whatever I'm using john malkovich as a silly example But has john malkovich been consulted about this about whether he wants to be tagged In a million, you know photos on facebook all of a sudden I don't know if you know like like again john malkovich isn't made up example but if if you're going to do a targeted attack like this paper is proposing who's the target and like Do they really want to be the target? So it's it's interesting because the paper kind of talks around that the paper like specifically draws the distinction between private individuals who it can which is a phrase it uses to refer to the people they imagine using their photos and celebrities are Celebrities and public individuals who are the people they imagine being in their database and I the reason I use gwyneth paltrow An example is because this is an example used in the paper um Her image is in the paper several times and it shows uh, I'm playing on his name, but the actor plays derrick shepherd in In grace anatomy. Um, there's another example in the paper and so it shows you transforming Derrick shepherd into into gwyneth paltrow and vice versa so But the kind the the idea that that these famous people are also private individuals I think is really important is something that the paper kind of Had a swing and a miss on I think and because they they certainly didn't ignore it But I don't I think you're right to question the way that they approach that See there is a way there's a way to do both. Sorry. I kind of want to can I jump in really quick? We've got someone on we got someone on the stream who is asking The tech critter wants to jump in with a question. I don't know tech critter if you're following on the stream Type it in the stream otherwise type it In discord I want to make sure that we get like other voices in here because we've got I think it's been like three people talking most of the time Definitely Okay, or or journal club dash text if you want to just drop a note and Yeah, but we've got a we've got a couple other people in the in the discord voice channel I don't know if they want to like chime in with any comments or questions Isla is robles versus domino's pizza Yeah, so I just um if anyone's following on discord It just got posted in the aiv dash off topic dash dash text I'm gonna post a newer one there This is the newest one and there's been following cases after this was rolled So the the domino's pizza case says that the ada applies to online venues such as web sites Which was not necessarily obviously true before This actually reminds me there was Definitely something that the the university of california ran into trouble where they had to take down a bunch of their videos I assume this must be related a bunch of their like, uh Online education videos that were publicly viewable Because not all of them were ad compliant. Some of them didn't have Some of them didn't had have transcripts. Some of them didn't have a colorblind friendly options And they took down videos instead of fixing it and that was a a whole balloon if you're in the UCLA world, um I assume that's probably due to this court case or a related one So when it comes to your home videos Uploaded to youtube youtube automatically creates a transcription Unless it's seeing that it has trouble for that But it creates a transcription and a lot of times it's really messed up and you can go on to fix it But the transcription is enough to comply Right, so I've I've actually used that a lot because I have trouble, um, the that's the automate YouTuber first says automated generated automatically generated That's right. I've used that a lot because I have trouble following, uh, large conversation Um, you know, I said it's quite bad And you know, if you're using a version of this for audio, um, where it's supposed to mess up what you're saying Um, it could absolutely trash the, uh, the transcription um There's a way to comply with the ADA while being while protecting people's, um People's from AI The way you do that is you just need to put something in the alt field that gives a generic idea like a picture and then put by The name that might be enough to comply. I'm not sure I mean that that definitely doesn't comply with the spirit of the ADA, you know, if you're if you're alt if This if the idea is that the alt text is supposed to describe what's happening in a photo and you could say this is a photo posted by Stel, Stella Biedermann, that's you know, it may not comply with the spirit, but it's better than nothing Yeah, that's a that's a very complicated question because The ADA has very strong limits on it like, um, If a company argues that complying with the ADA is too expensive, they don't have to Um, and the well, you know, this isn't actually what it was supposed to be But it's there and nothing is that is a pretty contentious argument to make in the disability activism community because that has been used I'm not saying you're doing this but that has been used a lot as an excuse by companies who don't want to be component That's not I'm just trying to come up with ideas how we can both be privacy and ADA at the same time Oh, yeah, no, I I understand that I just wanted to share that so so a blind employee at facebook Was the one that created their thing that tells you what colors and everything are in the m are in the images So i'm wondering maybe if there's a way to obscure the face but leave in the details like green tree blue water Well, I mean that's sort of the open question right because as far as I know What one one thing that hasn't seen a lot of work is How do like cross model attacks work, right? So if we apply fox to a photo Right, is it going to completely break like object detection as well as facial recognition? Yeah, so I mean it's I mean it's a it's a totally valid question Right, we don't know one way or the other that that applying fox to this would would actual applying fox to a photo would actually break the other object recognitions it might very well, but you know, that's An area for future research as they say are the um people who wrote the paper are they on the defcon discord or Which yeah, we tried to we tried to get um and jow I think to to join us. He's the I think he's the group lead. He's he's one of the authors on the paper at any rate. Unfortunately, he couldn't make it today So, okay, maybe tomorrow Well, we're talking about a different paper tomorrow, so okay Okay, you guys have a schedule if like do you talk about a different paper an hour or how does it work? We got a schedule posted if you go to the aiv general text We've got a schedule and that tells what what journal clubs were doing one And yeah, um and you can also find a lot of information on our website aivillage.org at aivillage.org I think slash events is uh Our schedule for the immediate future I've never seen this village before, but I really like it Thank you So I see that there are some other people in the in the discord do other people have questions or things they want to discuss Couldn't you just remove the glasses with a program? It could just automate it. I mean a lot of the a lot of the problem with adversarial examples in general Is that they don't tend to transfer terribly well between systems. So like you can have I can't remember the the the group that did like the funny glasses thing off the top of my head, but Um, I actually played around with that last year And if you use it on one model it works amazingly well And if you try to put it on another model like amazon's recognition They're they're just utterly useless. They they do absolutely nothing to the detection, right? So, yeah, I mean, oh, sorry. No, go ahead. Sorry. I'm around one. Okay. Yes. So That that's actually something that the that the fox paper discusses. Um, and at the end, um on page To do to do scrolling down Anyway, I don't actually see a table, but they have a table where they attack several open apis. Um, they attack facebook's Ah, there it is. It's on page, uh Nine since i'm not the one controlling the screen that's on on stream But if you scroll down to page nine, they have a nice table there where they show you, um They're attacks against Microsoft azure face face recognition api against amazon recognition and against facebook search api um And you're definitely right about the the adversarial sunglasses paper Um, which has the extremely innocuous name of a general framework for adversarial examples with objectives Um, but fortunately you can find it on google if you search for adversarial sunglasses I can also send a a link of this paper to the discord. Um, because it's a cool paper and worth Reading basically what they do is they 3d print sunglasses Um, that can defeat some facial recognition algorithms. Um, but The the that problem is something that there's at least been some progress on. Um, as you know, this paper shows where they're they're able to Successfully attack multiple open source apis Yeah, the one thing that always struck me about that was So if you go back to like the original adversarial examples paper One of the things they were really big on was like transferability and proxy models So like you can train a model off of this data And you know any two models like an adversarial example that evades one model frequently will evade another one But all of a sudden you get into the facial recognition domain and at least based on my experience that Tends to be a like You don't get it for free. You actually have to work for it unlike a lot of other adversarial example situations And I kind of remember it's because it's like a like these object classifiers are looking at like softmax versus the advert The facial recognition tends to be much more embedding oriented or or if there's some other difference about it that i'm not i'm not seeing My my my impression um as someone who has played around with these things but mostly does more theoretical research than uh Actually trying to use these against real models in the real world is that this is a problem of complexity Like the the more complex the uh classifier training is uh The more peculiar It's decision boundary is going to be and basically what most facial what most adversarial attacks do is they exploit peculiarities in Like strangeness is in the in the decision boundary of neural networks. Um rather than Quote unquote actually tracking it. Um But my understanding is that the the more complex it is the the the more complex the problem is Uh, the more different ways there are for an algorithm to be uniquely peculiar. You might say um So the peculiarities of a very complex problem are gonna of the a neural network solving a very complex problem or Going to wind up less across uh more and more complex fields that use more and more, uh Larger and larger datasets and especially private Yeah, I mean especially like for facial recognition because they tend facial recognition Models like those tend to be looking at hundreds or even thousands of classes. So yeah, kind of cracks Yeah, um, and it's just it's it's On the face of it, like, you know The transferability of adversarial attacks is not something you should expect like different models should have different strangenesses and It yeah, it it makes sense to me that the The more complex the model seems to be and the and the bigger the data set and the more training time is required. Um Kind of all that what that is doing is making the decision boundaries more and more convoluted In a sense Yeah, and you know, it makes a lot of sense to me that that would be Decrease the transferability of adversarial examples though. I haven't seen any uh Tapers that specifically investigate that core Yeah, um How did you when when when you ran to this problem? How did you decide whether it was a methodological problem that their method doesn't generalize or versus a reproducibility problem where You know what you implemented wasn't what they really had and that their model might generalize and yours doesn't mm-hmm Mm-hmm I'm just real quick. Is it okay that an eight-year-old joins? I am symphony. I'm the anchor old. I am the a-year old. I has hacked My uncle's tablet and a website once when I was young She hacked one of my clients. She did sequel injection on them I didn't even know what I would do it. I just did it. She was three Yet another reason to be scared yeah, so What one one thing that's really interesting about this paper is the way they do their targeted attack And i'm not going to try to explain that over voice because I think it's just better to just read it. But um Something something you have to be careful about they they look at there are a lot of different, uh Wait that facebook or whoever can counterban systems like this And so we've talked about the fact that they they found that it was hard to detect their cloak But you know an interesting and important question is if you know an image is cloaked Even if you can't detect the cloak uh from in general, you know, if you're told an image is cloaked, can you take that cloak off? um and question and you need to be careful about considering a lot of different options uh when deploying systems like this because there are a lot of different They can suffer. I actually strongly suspect that if you're told which images are cloaked you can invert them um because the optimization problem they solve you can basically solve an um Which is a Would be unfortunate. I'm actually like currently trying to do that. So Well, I mean it depends. It depends on how the cloak or um here they're assuming that you that you're solving a certain optimization problem against a publicly known and everybody Uh set of reference images You know I I'm certainly not going to say any any clip can be undone. Um, I certainly hope that's not the case because I think technology like this is And I hope that technology like this becomes very useful in the future. Um, I believe that's an open question This is something we've actually been discussing in the in the AI village recently though sort of can you reduce the Can you you know, there isn't a a good notion of like hard for AI the way there is like hard for deterministic computing but if you take, you know, um The image recognition problem as an adversarial example, can you use that as a hard for AI? Uh benchmark and you know, can you design in a a system where detecting the cloak is exactly as hard as Recognizing the image in the first place. Um, and some there's been some interesting conversations along those lines that I'm sure will continue to have Yeah Um, yeah, but rich did mention a specific paper. Is he still in the line or did he drop? Yeah, um So, yeah, no we can so rich definitely talks about a paper that does exactly what you're what you're curious about evs and we can Pull him up and and get that paper sent out to the journal club text for you


Mewn gweithlo yn enwedig, mae'r cefferdd ond yn ysgrifoldau arweinydd ysgrifoldau. Mae'r cyblwyr, economi ac ysgrifoldau yn ysgrifoldau, yn gweithio'r cyfle a'r gweithlo yn ysgrifoldau ar yliau nifer. A nifer yn dal anodd yn ysgrifoldau arweinydd? Ysgrifoldau yn ysgrifoldau hefyd o'u gweithlo arweinydd. Yn rhyw fyddi'r wiring, nifer yn credu thryd a mae'r cefferdd ond yn y gweithno a o'r yrond. Mwysgrifoldau i'r rhwylau'r cychwyn, Y top three that I want to mention are the risks from flooding, the risks to overheating in homes and in hospitals and the risks to our food. What about flooding? Well, we've all experienced. Everybody knows about the Cumbria floods last winter where many towns and villages were flooded out. We remember a few years ago that the main railway line to the west of England was cut off at Dawlish Warren. And we know that in London in June this year flash flooding caused cars to float down the street and basement flats were flooded out. So these are the sorts of risks that climate change is posing now and those risks will become more severe in the future. Homes and hospitals, well even on an average summer's day when the temperatures in the low 20s in a hospital ward where you can't open the windows overheating can be a problem. And particularly elderly patients in bed can be very uncomfortable, they won't be able to sleep at night and these risks are going to get worse in the future. And it's not just in hospitals, in our homes many of our homes are just not designed to cope with warm weather. So people's quality of life is decreasing and will decrease more in the future as the climate warms. What about our food? Well, a lot of our food depends on imported products. So, for example, our pig farmers rely on soya to feed their pigs on that's imported from North and South America. And just a few years ago when there was a drought in North America and a shortage of soya, some of our pig farmers went out of business and there was a threat to our supply of pork and bacon. And again, these sorts of risks are going to get bigger in the future. What about here at home? Well, also we depend on not just imported food but food we grow at home and the most fertile areas of Britain, the bread basket is East Anglia. And East Anglia depends on the fertile peat topsoils for producing cereals. Those topsoils are disappearing at an alarming rate. Three quarters of the topsoil has disappeared in the last 150 years and that disappearance is being accelerated by climate change. If we carry on as we are at the moment, it will all have gone within a generation and we simply won't be able to grow the food that we're growing now in the future. So what needs to happen? Our report sets out the risks and now we hand it over to the government and others to take action here and now to manage these urgent risks from climate change.


3. Sugar free or low sugar electrolyte drinks.  This will help you stay balanced and hydrated. 4. Sparkling water.  It is a refreshing way to stay hydrated. And lastly, unsweetened herbal tea. Herbal teas have greater taste without the need for additional sugars or sweets and they are less likely to be caffeinated so they will hydrate you.


Hello everybody and welcome to another hobby cheating video and today we're going to talk about dark elf or drow skin If you're a fan of D&D like me I've been playing D&D now for more than 30 years Then you probably have a love or maybe a hate of one dritz dewarden or some other of the drow characters We've been introduced to throughout those novels over the years Dark elf or drow skin is really interesting because it's sort of this dark color It often gets rendered in lots of different tones from grays to purples to very deep magentas and sometimes blues Now the method i'm going to show you today is certainly not the only method for rendering This type of skin, but it's one that I think produces some of the most visually compelling results And I think looks pretty darn cool. So Let's get into it Let's strict techno mansor that is vincey vief. Let us get to the technique and learn it vincey vief style I say it all the time, but I really mean it here Uh, you don't need these exact paints the paint list here is the paints I happen to pick the keys to this kind of paint job are a black a deep purple A light purple or purple blue and then a couple of mid-tone grays That's it. Use whatever range you like. It's fine Uh, in this case, I won't always scroll the paints up top because I just used them in a lot of combinations as I was working my way and feeling my way through this So I apologize, but I have no idea exactly what I'm using at any given point in time But what we're going to do to begin here is Really work up layers and I'm starting very soft Because I want to work with a controlled light pattern over this muscle over these muscles So we're just using a standard layering technique and as I'm going I'm taking the black purple And I'm integrating in a mid-tone gray Now let's talk about muscle structure As I'm doing these layers our standard rules apply we cover more than we think we need to Because we're going to have to put a lot of layers on here So we're always covering more than we think we need to don't push only toward the top of the muscles The next thing I'll say is you connect the muscles where they're facing up toward the light Notice I'm not highlighting each muscle structure Individually I'm not making little muscle islands And no I don't just mean a really fun place to hang out on the weekend I mean when you just push the light toward the center of each muscle we don't want to do that As we're building this drow skin tone I'm going to try to place him underground so I want a cold Bright Highlight, but I want it to be very directional coming in from his left side And where the light hits it's going to set his skin and make it quite bright Because it's this bright cold light whatever he happens to be near underground The other thing I'm going to do as I'm working is I'm going to over highlight everything So you'll see me take this to a pretty high layer And that's because I really want to understand and set those lights accordingly Don't ever be afraid when you're trying to understand your contrast to go too far Over highlighting is the least A bad problem you can ever have if you notice you've taken too many steps up You can always wheel it back with some very soft glazes But then you still have that great range of contrast in there And it will only help you smooth all of your blends As I work toward brighter and brighter highlights I now cover less and less of each muscle You'll notice here as well as I'm getting strongly into the midtones I've brought in a pink tone Now I've brought in the pink tone because I've decided that's going to be my interference color If I just went purple to gray it would be boring Skin tones have lots of different colors in them That's what makes our eyes recognize them as skin They often have lots of browns purples Ochres blues And here to keep this character visually interesting We're integrating some of that pink and some of the high purple tones are going to have some very light blues Or cold whites which will feel blue So that way we go from cold through a slightly Middish pink middle tone down into a warm purple black shadow And by running that entire gamut We create something that's visually compelling and interesting Now as I get to the very top highlights That's where I'll start doing the individual muscle groups But only at the highest highest highest highlight And that's because I want there to be connective Light between the muscles We don't have our deepest shadow ringing every muscle The shadow of the upward facing angles of a muscle Is basically a slightly darker color than your highlight or at worst a mid tone One of the things about working in this particular color palette that I'm working in Namely these purples to light cold grays As I've said this is trying to capture the Like a cold almost underground light an artificial Cool light source is that these colors don't blend very well They show your blend lines really really easily So a lot of the work we're going to do here is going to be through things like glazing And that's because in the end we have to bring these very Tricky colors that want to show the layer lines All together and we can do that through glazing the darker tones Because the darker tones glaze easier than the brighter light grays Which will naturally show the transitions in a pretty ugly way So even though this looks kind of ugly right now Don't worry as we continue to move forward. We're going to refine this all and bring it together Speaking of bringing it together as I said, yes, it's in fact time to get out our old friend glazes Now here my glaze is a red violet. This is actually the the golden So flat red violet. I do know that And you'll notice I'm being pretty heavy-handed with this glaze Running from very near the highlight all the way down and in fact on the lower muscle structures I'll even run over the highlight. I work with several different Thinnesses opacity levels of the red violet throughout this And you're going to see me continually work back and forth back and forth I'll admit that this guy's skin was actually really challenging Because of the nature of the Extreme gamut of light. I'm trying to run here trying to run value from A near white that is to say the glacier blue as my highlight All the way down to a near black this sort of purple rubber black That's such a massive transition on the skin Getting everything properly balanced was really challenging and took a lot of back and forth work What you saw me using here is Readjusting those individual colors.  So I earlier mentioned it has a lot of colors in it It also has a lot of very subtle soft smooth transitions If you're not dealing with sort of older skin that might have liver spots or something like that Then most of the color changes that are happening on skin are happening in a very subtle soft and smooth way And repeated glazes over the surface going in both directions Can really help you sell that effect So now we're going to go into super speed I wanted to actually find a way to put the footage of all of my futzing work in here So I tried this and just recording it. It seemed like it works Okay, as people have asked to see more of you know the specific painting So this is at this is 30 minutes of work in 50 seconds. So there you go But you can see how I'm working back and forth pushing up glazing down glazing in the middle And what I'm doing is just getting making sure that all of my tones are exactly where I want them The light is placed where I want it making little minor adjustments One of the keys when working on a display miniature like this Is you work from the largest to the smallest So I started on those big volumes the overall shape of the miniature the whole Run from light up top to dark at the bottom And as I focus in here in futs, I'm focusing on smaller and smaller and smaller and smaller details Case in point here. I'm using a thinned Carrie and Berg crimson the citadel wash, but I'm not using it as a wash I'm using it as a very slight filter to again add in just a little bit of crimson red color Back into the mid tones of the skin And I'm doing that because red is the color of life And so having even a slight red tone on our skin just subconsciously makes it feel alive adds more visual pop and makes it more interesting Now as a final step, this is a drow. So I need to darken this all down just slightly But we're not going to get out big paint. We're not going to do a normal glaze. That's right. It's an airbrush glaze This late in the game. We're getting out the airbrush. Your airbrush is an amazing tool for doing these kinds of environmental shadows Here I have some Payne's gray thinned way down one drop of thinner to Uh eight drops or sorry one drop of paint ink to eight drops of thinner And I'm just doing a couple thin passes. You notice my angle. I'm rocked way back I'm almost operating a 90 degree angle to the miniature just almost completely perpendicular to it And just shooting up at those shadows catching those muscles and this is so so so thin That it just applies the lightest natural shadow over everything My final step here is to glaze in the opposite direction So here I've taken a little bit of the glacier blue make sure the tiny amount of that brain-eater azure And I'm just glazing that up to the highlights smoothing that out If maybe a little bit of that shadow fell whereas it wasn't supposed to This is sort of my final smoothing step Now as a point of fact, I did go back after you're going to see my final work here And I did futz with this a little more There's always more futzing than what I can capture on camera just tiny little blends here and there But this is really the last sort of major step where I'm addressing all of the volumes I didn't focus on the face in this one because he has a really hard face to paint on camera between his hair hanging down on the knife in the way But I spent a lot of time fixing the face as it's way over highlighted here But there you go You can see how this back and forth work helped us to get a smooth realistic drow skin So there you go. He's all finished. I'm going to go ahead and run some pictures of him over the top as I'm talking here at the end I'm pretty excited about how this guy came out He looks like a killer in the under dark ready just stalking through tunnels after his prey I really like how the light seems to fall on him. I think that was a success here Obviously as I said at the beginning you could utilize lots of different color palettes here So please don't think that these exact paints are the only things that you could use The important part to remember is to have hues of some kind in there You could push this much more into the blue spectrum You could push it much more into the magenta spectrum You could even gray it out some and have it more charcoal-y All of those would be fine But using real hues things that are on the color wheel as opposed to just trying to make the skin a dark Sort of volcanic glass color or something like that Just isn't going to carry the same visual impact or interest The other thing to remember is that as we did here with lighting light often has a big impact on What colors the skin is reflecting and so think about how your light is going to play across your figure No matter what scale they're in there's always a story to be told So with that I'll say thank you so much for watching. I really appreciate you doing so I hope this was informative if you've got questions about maybe other recipes color combinations or anything I didn't answer drop that down in the comments below. I always answer every comment and question But I thank you so much for watching this one and as always we'll see you next time


Hi, my name is Andrea with Food and Mentory Adventures in Food.  On our channel, you'll find simple and tasty recipes using everyday ingredients. Hey guys, so I have decided that for the entire month of November starting right now, I am going to do a low spend November in preparation for the upcoming holiday season. So that means I'm just going to use stuff that I have on hand and just only buy the necessities from the grocery store. I figured I'd start now rather than waiting until January. So for dinner tonight, we are having some good old Kraft macaroni and cheese and then Howard grilled some wings for us that I had in the freezer. I used this barbecue, this Asian barbecue rub that I actually picked up from Kroger a while back ago. They were remodeling my Kroger and getting rid of a lot of stuff. And this Ever since Spice company, they have some really good spices. So I use that as a marinade. And then I just sauteed some fresh Brussels sprouts in a pancetta and just use a little bit of seasoned salt on the Brussels sprouts. So this is what we are having for dinner tonight and we will see y'all next time. Hey guys, so our dinner tonight is coming from Trader Joe's. I recently did a Trader Joe's haul and that video will be out soon, but we are having one of our favorite tarts and it is this tart that has the caramelized onions and Swiss cheese. It is very, very good. You do have to cook bake it longer than directions call for it calls for 10 minutes and I always have to bake mine for about 15 minutes or so and along with the tart because it is pretty small. So if I am serving this for dinner, I usually make a side salad with it. But here is the side salad and this is something new that I picked up from Trader Joe's. This Harvest Apple Salad Kit and it comes with the spring mix, cheddar, apple cinnamon chips, pecans and an apple vinaigrette. So super quick and easy dinner tonight and we will see y'all next time. Hey guys, so for dinner tonight I am going to be using this kinder seasoning. It was in my pantry chili verde seasoning and there are instant pot and crock pot directions. I am using the slow cooker on mine. So I have a pound and a half of pork shoulder that I cut into chunks and then here is just the fat that I trimmed off of it and then I just sprinkled that seasoning on top and then I used a spoon, stirred it up and then it says you are supposed to add 16 ounces of salsa verde to it and so I am going to add that and then it says cook it on low for about 8 hours. Okay so here is our dinner all plated up. Of course this is Howard's plate. He has got the avocado on there and here it is in the crock pot. It actually only took about 7 hours. It didn't need the full 8 hours but it is pretty tender. Let me show you here with my spoon. It just falls apart and it does have a good flavor. It does taste kind of herbaceous but it is good. It is definitely pretty good. Very tasty. I am not sure how you are supposed to serve this but we are serving it on rice.  So this is what we are having for dinner tonight and we will see y'all next time. Hey guys so my pantry meal tonight is easy chicken casserole and I found this recipe in an old church cookbook and I will make sure to put the recipe in the description box but in this bowl I have some of this peppered farm herb stuffing mix. I have that in there along with some melted butter and chicken broth. And right here I have some chicken. This is dark meat chicken, chicken legs actually that I cooked and then I just took the meat off the bone. So that is probably about 3 cups of chicken it calls for a whole chicken. So this is about 3 cups of chicken it was about 3 pounds of chicken legs. And then in this bowl I have cream of chicken soup and sour cream and I mixed it together. So the directions actually call for you to make this in a 9 inch baking pan but I am using an 11 by 7 I didn't want the casserole to be that thick. So you are supposed to layer half of the stuffing mixture down and then you put all of the chicken on top and then you add the sour cream mixture on top of that and then you just finish it with the rest of the stuffing mixture and then you are supposed to bake it for half an hour uncovered. Okay so here is the casserole before it goes into the oven. I definitely think if you make this recipe you are going to need to use like an 11 by 7. There is no way that all of this would have fit into a 9 by 9. And I didn't end up using all of that chicken I probably used about 2 cups and that was more than enough. Now if you think you would like this recipe I do have a traditional chicken dressing casserole on our channel one that my mom used to make when I was growing up and I will make sure to leave that in the description box as well but I am going to pop this into the oven. Okay so here is dinner all plated up and I did try the casserole it is very good. I should have gone ahead and added all of the chicken because it kind of needs it once it cooks down so it definitely could have used some more chicken serving it with some mashed potatoes and leftover brussel sprouts. So this is what we are having for dinner tonight and we will see y'all next time. Hey guys so for dinner tonight we are having grilled chicken thighs and I actually grilled these on our charcoal grill it just gives it such a good flavor and so I used this marinade and we really like it a lot I use it for pork I use it for beef I use it for everything it is really good I found it at a Korean grocery store but I've also seen it in Tom Thumb and other places so definitely check it out if you can but here is the chicken and then on the side I am serving some baby kale and you can't see it in there but I've mixed it with broccolini so I stir fried it and it just kind of wilted down and then we are also having some doctored up mac and cheese on the side so I just used this box of mac and cheese that I had in my pantry to it I added some cheddar cheese sour cream and I put some additional cheddar cheese on top and I baked it and it is really good and I will make sure to find the recipe and leave it in the description box for you guys because I make it all the time and then here are the rest of our boneless skinless chicken thighs so this is what we are having for dinner tonight and we will see y'all next time


So there's this concept that I'd heard about a couple of years ago that was a little bit too new agey for me. And at the time I kind of poo-pooed it and thought it wasn't really going to be something that effective in my life. But a few years later now I've experimented with it again and I've changed it and it's been the most effective thing I've ever found for feeling better right now. And I want to share that in today's video. Hey guys, Alex Hine, author of the health book, Master of the Day. So I've included a free download down there below. It's four Taoist habits you can use to live past 100 and it's based on this historical case study of a man named Li Qingyun who supposedly lived to be way over 100. Regardless of whether or not he did, those four habits in that link down there below I think can really really help you. Now this idea that I stumbled upon was from two different authors. The first was Abraham Hicks and the second was David Hawkins M.D. Now basically what they were both talking about was that there's this idea of an emotional spectrum. So they say things like energetic, they say vibrational, they say consciousness spectrum. But the way I think about it just in plain layman's terms is that it's just a spectrum of emotions. And what emotions make you feel good and help you take action in life? And what emotions make you feel bad and make you disabled or inactive in life? So for example, when you look at the Abraham Hicks spectrum here are a few examples that they give. They'll say for example that the lowest level, level 19 is fear and powerlessness. They'll say level 15 is associated with anger. Level 13 is associated with worry and anxiety. Level 8 is associated with boredom. Level 3 is associated with excitement and happiness. And then the highest level, level 1 is associated with love, joy, and just the highest states of consciousness. And really where synchronicities and these kind of mystical states that physicians start history and mystics have talked about. So the way I think about these levels are purely that they are emotional and conscious states of being.  When you're at the highest, you feel the best and you tend to perform the best. Now the second thing that's really important about these states is to recognize that the highest states here are associated with the greatest level of physiological healing. The more of your day you are in those states, the greater your physiology is in a place where it's healing and where it's in parasympathetic and it's resting and it's in the ideal state just to get better and to feel well and to heal faster. That's really, really important for this video. Another thing is that typically if you think back to the best days of your life, the best date you were ever on, the best day at work you ever had, the best time with your friends or with your family or on vacation, you were usually in those highest states of passion. Now the thing that really impacted me when I started changing the way I approached this exercise was rather than trying to just force myself into some higher state of consciousness by being a mystic or a sage, I tried to come up with practical ways. So for example, I listed out that same spectrum again with this time for each of the levels I listed out an actual habit or activity I could do that historically has put me in that state. So I know for example at the very lowest states, fear and anxiety and powerlessness, it's like working on an insurmountable challenge or doing a tough business task or doing a job I hate. And at the highest level, I know that dating a girl I'm in love with, having a couple beers with some friends or just going on a vacation with people I love, put me in that highest state of excitement and healing and rest and consciousness. So I'll give you a few more examples for these intermediate states. For level 19, the lowest state, according to Abraham Hicks, this fear and powerlessness, I wrote down that working on business tasks, having a day job back in the day, being alone for too many days in a row or overspending put me in this negative state of fear and I don't know is it going to work out, is it going to be okay. The next one, level 15, which was anger, was typically business related tasks for me, exhausting myself by over scheduling or being around people I don't like. Level 13, worry, the main activities that put me in that state were working too many hours, not sleeping enough or watching news. Level eight, boredom, what put me in that state was watching Netflix, being alone for too long or working on business projects that I wasn't really passionate about. The next level, level three, which was excitement and which was passion, the main activities that put me in that state were seeing my patients, studying medicine, working on inspired ideas and going to salsa and bachata class. And then finally that highest state, level one, what put me in that state of joy and love and passion and appreciation was time with friends and family laughing, dating a great girl or having fun and playing with a dog. So if you are in some of those lower states, whether it is you're just trying to heal, you're just trying to feel well during difficult times or it is you just want to have a greater level of wellness and performance in your life like I constantly do. For me, the way to use these practically is to not force yourself into a higher state. You can do that great, but instead try to do more activities that will put you in that highest, most elevated state and you'll naturally begin to feel better. So that's the activity that really, really helped me and it really, really changed my life. It's now something I know that if I'm in like anger and agitation, I just pick one activity at the middle level. Even boredom, going for a walk, is still higher than anger and agitation. And I use that almost as like this little ladder of my emotions and I can figure out some things that'll make me feel better. And I also know that's aligned with greater healing if there is something going on with me. And I hope that helps. Again, check out that free guide down there below. It's Li Chengyun's Four Taoist Habits to Help You Live to 100. It's a case study of this famous man's life and the Taoist practices he did to live that long. It's the first link in the description. And then I have two related videos on this exact topic right over here.


Welcome to All Hands Update, I'm petty officer Ian Cotter. The X-47B unmanned aircraft recently completed its final tests while underway and set new firsts for unmanned carrier aviation. While at sea aboard USS Theodore Roosevelt, the aircraft performed its first cooperative launch and recovery cycle with an F-A-18 Super Hornet. The X-47B conducted five catapult launches, four arrested landings and nine touch and go landings along with its first nighttime deck handling and taxi tests. A test team collected data of the aircraft's performance to help researchers better understand and develop future unmanned flight operations. The Navy will continue to perform shore-based testing of the aircraft at its home base at Naval Air Station Patuxent River. For more information, visit the Naval Air Systems Command website.