I think we should start. Hi everyone, I am here to give a talk about technical mentoring, what works out and not. I'm Stanley, I'm from Singapore, I grew up in Singapore. This is my second time in India. I'm glad to be here. The first time I was in Chennai, and there was a very short trip. So this is a longer period of time here. I've now mainly focused on work on. I'm a software development coach. I used to call myself an agile coach. I turned that to a more general term because I realized that the term agile coach tends to have different meanings to it from different people. So I make it more general. I'm a software development coach. I help companies to management and also teams on technical practices and also how they organize their ways of working. And then I'm currently in a small company called OTHE, where Buzz Voter, who gave one of the talks, the creator of LAS, is. So more than six years ago, I'm a full-time software developer. I work on Java.net applications. I work in financial institutions. And since I joined OTHE, I began to shift my focus on getting into the area of helping others to improve the development skills better and also software practices better. That is quite a drastic change for me because all the while in my life, I've been communicating with computers. I never thought of myself to communicate with people much. But I realized there is this problem that is yet, it's like a mystery. It's like when I try to, in the past I show my colleagues, you know, this code on clean code, this book on clean code, so great. And then I say, what? No, I don't read. I don't need to read. No, no. Just don't bother me. And I show them, wow, domain-driven design book by Ari Ivans, so great. So much good ideas inside. We can try. You say, no, I don't read that. That made me realize there was the first time that I even could tell the management. I had the opportunity to go up below the sea level. And I was kind of naive at that time.  He asked me to get out of the room. So I did. So that was the first time I tried to challenge. And I know from many experiments what works and what didn't work. So apart from that, in Singapore, I work in small companies, local companies, and also international companies. I realized many of these companies are like living in caves. They are developing software based on what they know within a company, within a culture. And there are so much great things out there that can reuse or use it, but they don't know. So I intended, when I first joined ODE, intended to know, let's do something. Let's build up the awareness. So I started the agile community in 2010. And 2013, we started, I organized 2013 conference, 14, and also last year, where we have, in our conferences, one of the main things is that, because Singapore is far away from many of the great ideas in Europe and US, so we try to bring speakers to Singapore, just like agile India, just like agile conference in the US as well. So I spent a lot of time on that community work, but I also spent a great deal of time working with clients. I like to see their context, understand their context, and then work with them together to support them in solving the problems. My main purpose goal is that to help them become the problem solvers, so that they can sustain solving problems by themselves without me. I'm trying to get myself out of the job. And recently, well, the topic I wanted to talk today is about technical mentoring. And this has been something that I've been working on for the past five years. And I'd like to share a couple of stories that I, that motivates me to pursue this forward. So imagine that you have a task, a developer, you have a task. This task is pretty simple. You want to add a criteria, additional criteria, to some queries that, that displays information out on the web page. You, you know where the code is to change. We bring up the code and then you show it to me. And we saw that, wow, it's a 500 methods line, 500 lines long method. And inside this 500 lines, there are seven loops. Some of the four loops are nested. And there are about 16, if else, conditions inside. And many Boolean flags sprinkle everywhere. So we spent a great deal of time about an hour plus to understand what this code is trying to do. And my pair, and you, who I'm pairing, pairing with, have no idea what this is. So, so as we're going through, we're stepping through by, we kind of understand where the change, where we can add this additional criteria. So, no, we can, there are two options. One, add the, one more if condition there, and then done. Right? But we didn't choose that, of course. Well, I was there, I was, I was saying that, so how about let's, let's do it the right way. No, I don't think someone would create all this complicated code, a mass of what earlier in the talk, Michael mentioned, Michael mentioned about mass and crop, crop. And we, let's stop that and let's try to make it right. So, okay, he don't, you are not, you don't have much ideas of how to approach it. So I said, oh, let's, let's try to, let's try to smell the code. Let's smell what smells it has and then try small steps to refactor it so that it becomes better. So as we are going through, we spent another, another good amount of hours, probably about another one and a half hours. And then what was 500 lines long became four lines long. And it says that we have a couple of dictionaries retrieved from some, somewhere. And then we are going to do some, these two dictionaries, we wanted, in one of the, the collections, we want to do an intersection. What we really want is this intersection. And then with this intersection, do some sorting and display it out. That is what the code is trying to do. Well, in dot net, so we use, we make use of link queue and that, that works well. Now, of course, once you know this, you can probably put, if it comes from a database, you can do it from a view. And this code wouldn't exist anymore. So we have that in the intention of the code becomes clear. We spent five minutes at a new test to, to make the new criteria happen. We call it and done. So, no, we felt lucky. It is like working in a my field. You don't know, you don't know that this my field is pretty, pretty clear. You know where the mice are. You try to avoid it. You try, you know, the mice, the mice, when you try to clear the mice, when you refactor, you try to clear the mice, it's pretty safe. However, most of the time, we weren't that lucky. Sometimes we spend days in my fields and large my fields. Some mice aren't visible at all and you may step accidentally. Well, then, then the mice friends will know you where, where his friends are in the neighborhood. Sometimes when you try, you have good intention. You want to remove the mice and you got hurt by yourself. So this is what I noticed that most developers, I've, I've been to companies in Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore. Around this region, I work with them. I saw their code bases. I noticed that they spent more time reading the code during writing code. And the customers are actually paying for it. They don't know that they are doing that. So I, I, I wanted, I'm very interested in solving this problem. And of course it is not a, is it problem to solve? I don't, I don't think that I know all the answers. So I tend to do a lot of experimentation. I try something and see if it works well, what I learned and I try to refine it. This talk is about the journey of mentoring, technical mentoring from the beginning, probably about five years ago in how, how to help developers getting better at skills. So no, um, that is a problem. And I did technical practices. There are lots of practices. Why do I pick first? I decided to pick the code smells and refactoring. I think having these skills can help to improve, can help. It's one of the essential skills in software development. So I decided to pick this and to give a quick run through of what is refactoring a visualized form. If your original program looks like this, it looks good. Greenfield project. And we will make changes. You patch it. And if we don't do anything to that, the patch grows bigger and becomes a mess. Um, what I realized after attending Michael's talk on technical debt, uh, most developers are mad or in the context of those companies, though they don't even know that's a mess. I got to realize that up when, when coming, coming across one of the experiments I did, which I'll share later. So we've refactoring, uh, you, you make a patch, but because you have tests, uh, protecting it, you can refactor, improve the existing design of, uh, at the internal design of the code and protecting the behavior. It becomes well again. So this is the, the motivation for refactoring so that it is easier to change the next time. So to clarify a bit about the term mentoring, mentoring is, um, from David Clutterback and, and parcel, um, mentoring is a lot about experience gap. You usually have a mentor who has more experience than the mentee. And you have this relationship is not because you are a senior or because you have higher authority. That is not the, the points. Um, and the other thing to met, to highlight here is that as a mentor, you need to, um, help, you need to recognize what is the mentee's potential, help them to realize their potential and, um, so that they can move forward themselves. So that's the kind of brief description of mentoring. I don't have a lot of structural mentoring. I, I, what's next I will probably go into is to go into formal mentoring, um, professional mentoring courses and to learn more about that. But, um, I started five years ago, I started with something simpler. So I started with, uh, giving a TDD workshop, all right. And then followed by pairing with the team members for, for two weeks. So in that, I quite try to combine theory and practice. I know that theory itself is not sufficient in the training I gave about 70% of the lectures, some 30% exercises. Most of the code exercises are from a public, like code cartas. You have a string calculated exercise and so on. Um, pairing with them after the workshop happens quite randomly. So, uh, what, what is random? Random is like, uh, whenever I, I see that's, Hey, um, they could be, they could be, the, this team member seems to be working on something. I just joined them and then, uh, sit beside him or her and ask her, ask them what, what are you working on? And then we, we try to work something out. The, the problem that I learned, the challenge that I learned is that, um, when they were in DR iteration on their sprints as they're working, not every time they touch on code. In fact, the times I was with them, they were working on something about reports. So quite a few of them are doing SQL queries. I mean, the SQL queries, uh, it's not a function. It's nothing much to, to work on, on code smells and refactoring. And other times, uh, it's even like, kind of like, uh, screaming out to me is that even if they're working on codes, they have difficulty trying to test it locally. Most of them don't have automated tests at the beginning. So, uh, they have trouble testing it locally because they can't get the, uh, application to run locally. And that was like, wow. Okay. How could that be? So I, in, in, from that's what I learned is that before I work with the team, I probably want to check if they have a, if they're able to run the application locally, if they have automated builds at least, uh, so that they can get somewhere they can also add some unit test later on. If they don't, I should focus my effort there first. So, um, and of course, uh, when I was, uh, started, I, I'm not very, very good at, um, people soft skills yet. Often I, when I sit, mention about their codes, I would say, no, your code is, and, and, uh, they don't really like it. So I learned by heart that, uh, well, if people would become defensive, then learning drops, that's not what I want. So I changed myself to remove the person out from my statements or say, uh, what this code seems to do is, this code, um, this code, uh, is lacking of intention. What is it trying to say? And I'll hear what they say and say, Oh, hey, you use these terms called, um, uh, placing, placing orders. This word doesn't seem to be in the code. How can we bring that up? Hmm. They haven't thought about that. So, so using this, um, to, to, to work with them, then the next experiments, I've done a lot of experiments that comes in, uh, uh, randomly or in different, different ways. Um, and also all of these experiments, I will consider them informal experiments. I don't have as, as a result, I want to achieve. Sometimes I do the experiment. I want to see what happens. So the next one is a community in a code, mini code retreats, uh, code retreats, retreats is where you spend a whole day, uh, working on an code cutter, uh, pairing with people for 45 minutes and then you switch pairs after every 45 minutes. You do that for multiple rounds. We, I was, um, organizing the community events at that time. So we'll, we usually do it in the evenings and we don't have the whole day when you have two hours. So our code retreat is 25 minutes followed by five minutes break, uh, debrief, 25 minutes, uh, five minutes debrief and 25, three rounds. They were on TDD exercise, uh, string calculator exercise. 20 people came from different companies. And, uh, what I learned is that, I discovered that most people have trouble writing, uh, test first. Uh, most people don't know what is a automated unit test. So this was, this is about 2011. Um, and then, and even, even if they, uh, know how to write unit tests, uh, they tend to have lots of implementation. Yeah. So many of them ask, they appreciate, uh, they come because they want to learn what is TDD. And they also have this, this question, how do I apply it in my assisting systems? And so I was looking at how they, how they work on, through these problems. I realized that, are we giving, uh, too, too much of a big step for them? I mean, if you, if you don't even know how to write unit tests, then how, how could you even, even, even proceed with refactoring? Um, so that spawns an, an idea for another experiment. How about we forget about, um, writing unit tests, let's just focus on refactoring. In this refactoring, I created from a, uh, a code exercise. I added unit tests through it. The code is, the code is, um, smelly, like this. It's very smelly like this. And we have unit tests that pass. Their task is to remove the code smells. I'll make it cleaner, improve the design by, by, uh, gradually, by, keep running the tests. At that time, we are using Eclipse, so control F12 quite a lot. Sometimes you make a change and it fails. You keep doing this, keep doing this, keep doing this. You have this test that runs in milliseconds. So what's the, so this is one of the early, um, code exercises. Interestingly, one of the, when I ask, uh, one of, one of the participants before the exercise starts, what do they think about this code? A couple says that what, what, what's the problem with this code? So it's like, okay, looks like there's a smaller thing we can do to help them to realize that, uh, which is learning about code smells. So that incorporate later part of my experiments. Anyway, the outcome is that they felt confident in changing code. I did this for my clients as well. They felt confident when it's like, wow, we can change code with confidence. It inspired them to add tests to their work. They learned, uh, test automation. They were using N units and also spec flow. They were inspired, they added depth and it became unmaintainable for some, after some time. You can see lots of, uh, smells in the, in the, in the test. And, um, yeah, that, that's the states and of course, uh, that is not surprised to me because, uh, the, the level of skills of refactoring is yet to be, we haven't really touched on that. We haven't really worked on that. So apart from, from this, I also did, um, no, jump into the context. One-on-one mentoring. I did for more than 20, 20 people one-on-one. Um, usually last for a few hours. Um, I'll ask them, I, I begin to have a bit more structure. It's not just paring. It is a bit more map, formative, uh, mentoring. I asked them to prepare a few topics, topics that, you know, a code that they have been working on, they have refactored, uh, recently and they want to find out a different opinion. I'll find out my thoughts about it. Um, it could be topics like they come to this code and they don't know how to refactor, they wanted to do it together. So, at the end of the session, I will ask questions like, um, so can you share with me what you learned? Uh, what is your reflection about how we have been working on so far? So, questions like this in order to reinforce their, their learning. One of the, the things that highlight to me at a, at an early on is that one of the members tell me, told me, bring out this code, Stanley. They've been giving us, showing us demos and workshops and trainings on refactoring but when I open up this code, I need to change this code and it has a long method. I don't know where to start. It's an immediate feedback to me, you know. It, it is an information of, um, probably there's a smaller step that we can, we can make. And because of that, I, I spent a lot of time, um, trying to, I even record now, what are the kinds of things as we're going through refactoring, removing the code smells in the code. What are the common topics that came up? I want to see if there's any pattern to it. If there's pattern, we can do a deliberate practice to that. So one of the common um, pattern is, um, well, well, one of the useful things is to draw the classes, you know, UML diagrams, class diagrams or sequence diagrams to see the interactions, which is something new to them.  They are pretty young and new to the software development industry. And many of the companies don't have seniors who are really good at development, who are, who can deal with technical depth or deal with the mass in code. So a lot of these developers, they couldn't see abstractions, they couldn't see how, how classes relate to each other. We do, we, we draw, we model the classes. It helps on them to understand the, and also helps to communicate. Some of the common patterns that came up on the skills, uh, hotkeys is, is our favorite. Almost every time they will say, hey, I learned new hotkeys. I know I can do this much easier. You know, it's something very tangible for them, it value for them as well. Uh, that's the most quickest improvement I ever seen. Of all the 20, uh, mentors, uh, male mentoring sessions, um, I see the drastic improvement or quickest improvement within one month. You see that they were much more fluent. Understanding single responsibility, we talk a lot about that because long methods has more than one responsibility. Um, returning now versus empty list, no, I see many codes where you return a, a collection, but if there's no collection, they return now, which brings up to the caller to, to check for now. And that's, that's, that's nasty. We talk about, a lot about that, um, in C sharp you can do a out parameter. To return more than one thing, uh, we have a lot of discussions about that, how, how that would surprise you many times.  A class that already has data and wears all its behaviors everywhere, everywhere that uses the data class. So how to bring close to them? It becomes a domain object. Um, they work with third-party services. So some third-party services are good. They have good documentation. They provide SDK for you even, but most doesn't. Some don't even have the documentation. So how do we, how do we, um, create an abstraction layer so that it doesn't, it doesn't leak the language of the third party application doesn't leak to our code. And also naming, uh, which is one of the most common thing. I can, I still remember one of the, the session we had, uh, we we were refracting along methods or across different classes into something simpler with a 10 lines long. We put, I kept mentioning about, I kept asking him, no, what does the product owner says about this feature? What, what do they name it? I drilled out a lot, a probe a lot. And then I say that so how can we make the code tells its story? What is its story? And at the end he was saying that Stanley, I didn't know that, uh, we can make our code tells, like, read like a story. This is one of the things that, uh, that is very new to them. So I think, I didn't stop there. I even continue to, continue, uh, working with mentoring with, with, um, senior developers. I want to dive deep, not only within a few classes, but into spending multiple classes, while working on a large mind field. With senior developers, we remove minds, uh, spend 10 days or that. Um, I don't give, I don't give a lot of guidance. I, I give some guidance at the beginning. I see where they are. I notice that, uh, we have together remove a code smell of primitive obsession. The next time I, we met again, I ask him, how would you remove this? And I say, how do it? That will indicate, uh, how far he has gone. Through, through an intentional, um, way, we landed with, so in this context, this company is using csharp.net, uh, Microsoft platform, all the way. They, they are, they are not, uh, they don't, they don't know much about open source, uh, what is the modern technologies, like a Ruby and, and Ruby and Go language and so on. So we, we spent one day on a Ruby and Rails project using some of the services online to develop some simple application. So some of this senior, uh, senior developers, they were excited. Wow, you can do so, so much, so little. And some of this, um, gained their interest in continuous delivery. Um, later on, I go to, I, I heard that, uh, this, uh, influenced, partly influenced them to, you know, cut down their production release into, into less than half an hour. It was, it used to be a day, uh, or more. And quite a few are inspired by, by that special project. Which gave me an idea. You know, we probably can have a some, some special, uh, practice on trying different technologies so that, so that they can provide some, uh, new ideas. One of the, one of the developer even, um, like the, what is that, active record in Rails so much that he says, is there some, something like this in .NET? And he found that, uh, there is, but it doesn't fulfill their, their needs. I think it's called, what is it called? Active record. Active record for, for .NET. And, and he focused on the project and tried to modify it. This didn't happen at all in the past. They were living in the caves and I realized that's what, what I did there. In fact, uh, it's like bridging, making a connection out from the company to outside world so that they actually see what is happening outside. So, a bunch of this, uh, much of this, uh, a lot of bits and pieces. Most recent in the past, uh, since last year, I began to find a lot of patterns in this and try to create some more structure and, and more structure and to make it more organized in, in approaching mentoring. I attended last year, I attended a co-active coaching for, for those who know, this is one of the professional coaching courses, program. And one of the ideas I took from there is four stages of competence. What this means is that, um, you, we started out of skills, how do we gain skills of getting skills? We started out with unconscious incompetence, just like when I first, um, shared a thing about refactoring with companies and, and then my, my friend would say, no, we don't need that. Why do we need that? They don't know. After some training or some introduction, they may be aware about what they don't know. That's conscious incompetence. And once they gain motivation to try it more, and that is conscious, uh, competence, it still requires a lot of thinking in doing that. And when they practice a lot, till become mastery, becomes unconscious competence. You know that when someone says to you, hey, how do you do that? And you may say, I don't know. It's just like this. You're unconscious about your competence. That could be a dangerous sign because, um, it may, when you teach people, when you are unconscious competence and you teach people, uh, you may be telling abstractions that it's hard for people to relate. So, uh, to be a good mentor or trainer, I need to know what I am unconscious about and break it down. So we started with this, uh, technical training program. In short, it is, it is a series of one-day workshops. Okay? Each workshops are progressive. The later ones are harder than the earlier ones. And one of the main features of this workshop is that all the code exercises are from your code base. I go into your code base and look for code smells and try to derive exercises from it. And yes, we did. We spent about five full days, uh, working on that. We are thinking that, uh, this is an experiment, a big experiment. We don't know how this will, you know, turn out. Our hypothesis is that if we go run through these workshops with people, we should see less code smells in their commits eventually. That's our hypothesis. We are so aware that, uh, there could be other influence, uh, influence, uh, factors that will influence that. So we, we try to, you know, just try and see what happens. So me, um, I was in this company, coaching this company, and, um, I decided to ask the, the most senior people, uh, in technical and collaborate with them and ask if they want to create together this program. It's one of the ways to also, um, create mentors. Um, so this is what we did. And, you know, I have an ominized, uh, this, uh, this wiki page. This is from a page in, in GitLab. We just go to, we went to their production code base, try to derive code exercises. We cloned the code base into their GitLab. And a wiki page, we have this, um, code smells. So, magic number, duplication, primitive obsession, feature envy, and they are more below. Uh, we didn't really know what to come up with at the beginning. We just go into code base and see what makes sense. And the target is that we have methods. We restrict, in order to make the exercise, uh, easier or simple, we restrict the context to within a method itself. So, you don't, as a, as a participant, you don't have to look at who caused this and think about the design in broader sense. So, it's just mainly removing code smells. And, uh, another feature we add to it is repetition. We have code smells that are duplicated code, but the next exercise is the same plus a little bit difference. That little bit different I often ask, uh, after they, they try it. Okay, what's special about this exercise? And then you'll say, yeah, that part, that part is a bit challenging. So, there's always some challenge. There is a lot of, uh, practice. I also make it a point where, um, we, we as a colleague, as a leader of the, the workshop, you have, we have eight participants, they were working on the exercises and we will go around and see their code. I say that, no, we will come around and see what you do. And if we find that, uh, you can actually make a smaller step. We may come to you and say, oh, there is a smaller step to this. Could you try that? Challenge them. So, this is what we do, uh, a lot. In one workshop, one full day, from 10.30 to five o'clock, they did more than 10 exercises. Um, at the end, we will have a grand finale, a finale exercise where it incorporates the smells that they have seen before, only in the day, so that they can feel more confident in, in removing that. Um, at the end, no, as we go through the, um, the exercises, we will unlock refactoring and code smells. When they identify a magic number, we would go there and write, yeah, magic number. When they found duplicator code, we write it there. When they did extract methods, we write it here. When we did inline method, we write it here.  And at the end, we ask them to please dot, please vote for those, uh, smells and refactoring steps you are most familiar with. You, you get, you are pretty confident of removing it or doing it. And the dots that you see over there are their votes. So these are just some sort of feedback to see how they are learning. We also ask them feedback after the, the, the refactoring, um, in what aspects that helps them to learn a lot using rich sharper hotkeys. Uh, they appreciate a lot using production code to practice. So they were also very, very, uh, interested in how we approach towards a problem, um, especially in dealing with those code smells in, in the production code. So what improvements are there? So these feedbacks from them, um, they want to see more examples on how to identify the smells. Uh, sometimes they are lost because we make a two big step and that, that is a feedback for us to, to refine it further. Uh, some of them, quite a few of them says we wanted more sessions. So we didn't, we didn't stop there. Um, we went on to, recently we created workshop number two and it took more than one week of preparation. Uh, it should be more difficult than workshop number one. So this time we, in terms of code smells, the contacts, we open up to the callers and callies. Uh, we have new code smells. We also tend to give exercises about how to draw, how to model, so that they can go back and practice that. So one of the picture, um, recent picture that, uh, that's how they draw, they did the exercise. Um, and so on, new library, they, they appreciate that. Well, they were kind of surprised. They've been using JSON convert library without knowing that there's, there's attributes they can use to, to rename, to name a property name differently and even to ignore. They were doing it manually before, before hand. They were also, um, like the speculative, uh, generality where it talks, we have this exercise where there is about eight classes that's doing very simple thing. And after they try to remove the code smells and like lazy classes, data classes, it shrunk to just only three classes. We were on a boat and they would, they drew that class diagram and after they, they, they done the reflect, they removed the smells. I went there and asked them, um, which class have you removed? They say, this class, I cross it out, cross it out, cross it out, cross it out. And what they realized is, is actually can be very simple. Uh, they even question themselves, how come we did this? So what improvements, uh, they look for more, more workshops like this, more practice, um, some of the starters, no, some people who are less experienced, they, it, it's hard for them to follow up. So that becomes one of our challenge. How do we, do we have a workshop where people are about at a, at a similar level that we give them at the workshop? Or do we have a mixture and do some changes in how we, uh, gave the workshop? The bleeding age experiment I've been trying. So after this, um, agile India, uh, this conference I'll be going to Taiwan next week to visit the Taiwan teams, um, in Taipei. In workshop number two, one of the prerequisites in Singapore that we have is that we will have a, in order to attend workshop number two, you have to have at least three hours of one-on-one mentoring with me. So that I see where you are and help you to apply and then attend number two. But for the people in Taipei, I can't, I can't do that. I can't, I can't, there are so many people I can't fly over. So what I did is I gave them an assignment. This assignment has two parts. First part, um, please share with me a quote you have recently refactored. Tell me what smells you have identified, you have removed, what refactoring have you applied, what is your design decisions in driving the refactoring? So I tried that and part two, I gave them a public, uh, refactoring kata and asked them to refactor. I said that I will respond your email with my thoughts. And, and then, uh, when you have done all this, you are eligible for refactoring workshop number two. So, uh, what is the learning or the outcome is an excellent way to even slow down to find out where they are because it's already written and, uh, it's an opportunity to, opportunity to hear their thoughts. So just a few days ago, I received this email from them, response from them, after I shared with them my thoughts, um, they said that actually I knew this code smell in my code but I don't know any good way to remove this smell. So this is very important because it keeps me in sync to where they are. And I think I'm, I'm kind of out of, um, probably I'm going to be a shot of time now, but I'm out of, I believe there is something that I can do to, to track, um, to monitor each of the, the, the mantis and help them to improve. Um, yeah, we have been here in workshop number two. Nick's mind we are going to create workshop number three. Uh, one question lingers to me is that how many workshops does it take to remove, to reduce the smell in the comm, in the, in their commits? I don't have to answer. I don't know if we'll ever get there, uh, but as long as we keep trying, I believe there will be improvements. So, wrap up, what works? Um, if you're into the journey of this mentoring, facilitative mentoring works. It's not about just telling people what to do, but to see where they are, uh, assess, have the skills to assess where, where they are, giving them appropriate challenge that is not too big, not too simple, but just nice. Um, create a structure to facilitate follow-up. So this training program, I think it's a, kind of a good structure. It's a long-term thing. It also provides, uh, following up to track where they are. Of course, please use existing code bases. It will, no, I think I lose a lot of hair trying to, trying to see the code base, but I think that helps, uh, for, for the greater. Um, it is also an excellent chance to engage and grow internal mentors, because as you work with them, they learn from you as well. Workshop training alone is insufficient, um, and also communication style. I've changed a lot in how I communicate in order to open up, uh, others in speaking their opinions in countries in, like, in, in Singapore, in Taiwan, um, in countries surrounding Asia, not all Asia, not all countries in Asia, people tend to be, uh, quite reserved and doesn't really speak up much. How do we, uh, hear their voice? That is all I have. Thank you. So I, do I have, how many minutes do we have? You have three, two more minutes. Two more minutes. So no, I don't claim that I know the, all answers to, to mentoring. I've been learning and if you have any ideas or questions about how I can improve better or do differently, please let me know. Um, yeah, any questions from, from you guys? Uh, you tell that, uh, the participants will be sending the code first to you to see how bad their code is first. But I think the, if they're working on a financial institutions, they're not supposed to send their code to you, right? That's what happened to them. So in those circumstances, what they do, if they're not supposed to send their company's code, because the code, what they want to send it to you, that will be a company's asset. So they want, but they, on a day-to-day job, they'll be the victims of that, actually. So on those kind of candidates, what, how do you handle them? Well, that's pretty simple. Well, for my context, I've signed an NDA with the company, the non-disclosure agreement with the company, so I can access their code base. Okay. And within their company, they are okay to send, send me the decode. Oh, it is you contact the company, not the individual out there and they want to talk to you, not you talk to the company. Yes. So in the context is that I, as an external consultant, I have an agreement with the company, I work in the company. I thought the individuals are a bit worried and they contact you. That's how, not like that, you go to the company. Oh, perhaps sometime we'll get there. Any more questions? How do, how do we measure the code smells? Do you mean, how do you identify code?  How slow can we measure at all?  Well, usually you have the common matrix, like in the technical depth talk, you talk about cyclomatic complexity, duplication. Those are the, and also the coupling as well. Those are usually the matrix that you can determine whether what is the, what is the, how difficult it is to change. And for me, I, I, I tend to ask, I go to teams and ask them which is the most difficult codes that you often change and it's, it's difficult to change, they'll tell you.  My question was more, how do you convert, convey to people who do not understand code? That is where I'm going to, because at a, so in any product company or in any financial institution, the decisions are not done by developers at the end of the day. The decisions are done by somebody who may not have any idea about code too. So can we convert this matrix into something which is comprehendable, have you done it, is where I'm pointing to? Maybe I can take it. Okay. Okay, sure. But I think the answer to that may not be so simple. Yeah, yeah, yeah. Yeah, I think so. So come, come to me directly to, for the answer. Yeah. Thank you. Thank you.


Good afternoon and welcome to this press conference from the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum 2016 Here in Davos if the subtle branding in the back hasn't given it away yet The press conference you're joining here in the room and also on the live stream is It's looking at the dark side of the fourth industrial revolution if you will the theme of this meeting so the question we're we're trying to answer here today with us with this wonderful panel is how can we confront cyber crime and without further ado Let me introduce a wonderful panel to you today. We're joined by my immediate left By my colleague Jean-Luc Vey who's a managing who's a member of the managing board of the World Economic Forum and He's heading our work in that particular field in his previous life He used to be leading the federal police of Switzerland And has a distinguished career in the field of intelligence as well right in the center of our panel And we're particularly pleased to welcome here today is Loretta Lynch the US Attorney General to talk about the subject here today to her left Jürgen Stock who is the Secretary General of the international criminal police organization or Interpol as you might know it and All the way down the panel last but definitely not least Eugene Kaspersky the chairman and chief executive officer of Kaspersky lab Thank you to all very much for being here and Attorney General without wasting the time over to you, please All right. Thank you so much. Oh, good afternoon. Thank you so much for that kind introduction Thank you all for being here this afternoon as well It's truly a pleasure to be here in Switzerland at Davos at the World Economic Forum We have had a wonderful day with some exciting and truly fascinating Discussions about the ways that global leaders can continue to work together to fight cybercrime These have been vitally important discussions And I thank the World Economic Forum for convening them and I thank my colleagues in advance For continuing them because that is indeed our plan and our goal as we leave this event today As the Attorney General of the United States the safety of our information networks and online systems is one of my top priorities It is vital that industry and government continue to collaborate on this issue Perhaps more so than in any other area in which we have enforcement Priorities because private industry is so deeply affected by cybercrime Also, private industry has the cutting-edge technology that's useful to both Government and industry and not only in identifying the threats but in predicting them and preventing them again It's absolute absolutely critical that we reach beyond our shores to develop a global approach to this threat Which knows no borders now today We talked a lot about the World Economic Forum's recommendations for using the public-private partnerships to address Cybercrime and I want to commend John Leves and his team For their forward-looking efforts to develop those recommendations And I'm pleased to say that the Department of Justice is already taking steps that advance these Recommendations in a variety of ways. We are promoting partnerships with the public and the private sector in December of 2014 The Department of Justice created a cyber security unit Dedicated to supporting partnerships both within government and between private entities and law enforcement And the goal is to help the potential targets of cyber attacks to prevent data breaches And to provide assistance and support when these incidents do occur The cyber security unit and other outreach efforts at the Department and the FBI have already increased collaboration and Mutual understanding and I'm confident that they will continue to produce results We are also working on establishing and enhancing our already existing platforms for cooperation The literal means by which we share information From the FBI's national cyber investigative joint task force to the National Cyber Forensics and Training Alliance We're finding ways to unite law enforcement private parties and leading scholars around our common goals We have also dispatched FBI cyber experts to work with their counterparts in cybercrime centers around the world including Interpol's new global complex for innovation in Singapore and also just this month We assigned one of our prosecutors to eurojuice in the Hague to enhance our collaboration with the European Cybercrime Center or EC3 at Europol the goal of all of this is to get to a point Where we have real-time cooperation and sharing of information about cyber attacks Cyber incidents and potential cyber events We're also working with our international partners to promote the rule of law Relating to cybercrime. We are a signatory to the Budapest Convention as of 2006 And we are also encouraging our colleagues to sign on to this important document as well As it provides a framework for sharing information there Well, finally, we are trying to cultivate a more robust public-private dialogue for cybercrime Because it's all of this when you look to build a partnership You have to build trust and a working relationship between government and private industry It's not always easy to build and we spend a great deal of time talking about the common problems that we share And as we learn in this when we try and build a partnership and build trust It's important that we build Relationships that people know the other side of the issue the other point of view and in fact the other person at The end of the phone and indeed I find it fascinating that as we talk about this cyber threat This most online of threats that lives in a world that we can neither touch nor field What's most important are the human connections that we continue to forge to build the Relationships that will provide the support to prevent and to tear cybercrime So thank you for giving me a few moments to talk about the Department of Justice and what we're doing in this And I look forward to hearing not only from my colleagues But continuing to work with them as we fight to combat this global threat Thank you, Attorney General for for sharing that these insights and that perspective Jean-Luc the Attorney General already mentioned the recommendations you're you launched today But let me let me take a step back. Why is the World Economic Forum engaged on the topic? And and what are you trying to achieve with these recommendations? Yes, thank you very much. As you know probably know the World Economic Forum is an international institution for private public partnership and As such it has been decided 15 months ago to address a couple of Issues related to global crime global economy can means unfortunately global crime as well and the question was a how to focus or what to focus on and I address these I ask this question actually a Buy our partners member of the forum, but by the law enforcement global acting original acting law enforcement As well and all all gave me the same answer Cybercrime is on the top of the list just to give you an idea according to Latest pictures the amount of amount of money made by the global cycle cybercrime is estimated at 450 billion dollars So it has been decided to focus on cybercrime and in order to achieve global private public partnership on that field we got a group of distinguished representatives from several sectors Representing the banking representing the insurance representing the credit card as well as well as top representative from Interpol Europol Eurogist US Department of Justice and order in order to Combine the thoughts in that field what we did is we began by Assessing the threats and it was very interesting to realize that after a couple of hours all attendees both representing the private sector and the public sector achieved the same results And the same assessment global crime is indeed on the top of the list a It was difficult to define it is difficult to define the cybercrime, but in the end They decide the members of the group decided that there are two main categories of cybercrime the crimes which already existed before Internet existed like safe like corruption like fraud and cyber cybercrimes which are immediately linkage with Internet that means for example Mallwares Troyer's interruption of system so rapidly total Alignment of the threat assessment then the second question these Persons asked Was a What has been done so far because the idea was really not to reinvent the road the wheel The idea was to find the right niche in order to have impact to go ahead to find solution practical solution so we had a look at what has been done worldwide on the regional level on the national level and a Document has been established a so-called reference document based on this assessment of the situation based as well on the Assessment of what has been done the next step was to assess common needs and rapidly rapidly It has been decided that one of the main common needs was a better sharing of information and a better implementation of existing legal framework, so it has been decided in the first first stage to Sorry to address the question. What are the common measures we should? Implement in the next month and the common measures. I am speaking about are now Listed in these document five recommendations very simple one, but I'm convinced that if all Enterprises all companies all law enforcement which already accepted to support These documents are able to implement these recommendations. We will have made a very good step forward and I am sure we will Achieve a situation where the global crime, especially the cyber criminals will in the next months and years really fear The private sector as well as the law enforcement on that field. Thank you very much Jean-Luc Secretary General My colleague mentioned the importance of information sharing so let's share from your perspective as law enforcement What's the situation and why do you think these recommendations will help us move forward on cyber crime? Thank you very much and a very good afternoon I would like to begin also by thanking the chairman of the world economic forum Klaus Schwab and Jean-Luc Ve and his team for this important initiative They have provided a platform for government law enforcement judicial institutions and industry to discuss and generate These recommendations Sonic Bay has already mentioned and in one important aspect is what? Metamatonic general already mentioned the human connection. So that makes a difference sometimes It's very easy and you have to be very pragmatic And I'm also honored being here together with Metamatonic general because she really supports Interpol our work connecting 190 member countries all around the globe and with Eugene Kaspersky who is part of the global complex Of innovation in Singapore. I will come back to this point a little later raising awareness and developing capacity of both law enforcement and industry to address the various issues surrounding cyber crime and Is an absolute priority for global security. This cannot be done in isolation. No country can do this in isolation No law enforcement authority authority can do this in isolation and no company can protect itself in isolation So if you want to tackle this threat Successfully we need to speak with each other. It's as simple as it is so the recommendations Provide an excellent basis To move forward with regards to connecting the dots and to find a common strategy on how to tackle this kind of crime We must implement it because the rising tide Known as the internet of things or the internet of everything what I learned here is probably more precise Provides huge opportunities for criminals to attack our private computers our smartphones The critical infrastructures within our societies or companies the assets of the companies doing their business So huge opportunities for criminals once again, they don't have to leave their house. They can just sit on the sofa They can be connected with other criminals sharing their their experience in attacking our societies They can buy the tools they need to attack just from the underground economy So it's very very easy and again. It's really a global threat for all of us Interpol is uniquely placed to help law enforcement in its 190 member countries fighting cybercrime through Enhanced corporation information sharing Johnny we mentioned the importance and innovation doing so on a global level and The level at which cyber crime must be fought mainly of course It is the global level and it requires a lot of cooperation the report provides Interpol with a concrete framework to help coordinate law enforcement so to organize international operations and To also join up with governments with the judiciary with the industry and the academia This calibration is necessary for example with information sharing because often what is needed is to understand To prevent and to investigate cyber crime is in the hands and minds of industries in academia not law enforcement, so we need the reports from the industry for instance on attacks from private people on attacks and If I have a look on our national crime statistics, this is just let's say That the tip of the iceberg and we have to assume that there is a huge dark feel of those cases That are not reported to law enforcement yet, and we need this information to protect our societies So we can't fight the phenomena successfully if we don't talk with each other once again The Interpol global complex for innovation in Singapore Was created as a global platform to facilitate such exchanges between sectors and once again on a global Scale we have specialists from both cyber security firms and from the academia working if you may Use that that language desk by desk sitting together Every day per week sharing the global threat and talking about initiatives to counter the threat They provide expertise across a wide range of areas including Intelligence and more where analysis for instance mobile forensics as well as researching cyber threats and attack attribution Additional specialists from the banking sector and from the telecommunications sectors will also soon be joining the team in Singapore at IGCI So with this type of collaboration, we are also working to develop new tools and Building up law enforcement capacities and equipment worldwide. So in most of our member countries It's still a challenge that the police gets the capabilities They need to successfully tackle this kind of crime to deal with digital for Evidence. So what is needed on a global scale is a kind of let's say we spoke about an industry 4.0 what we now need in law enforcement is the criminalistics 4.0 and the specific Tools and also the training that is required that police officers all around the globe can use that Can be connected with each other to share their experience? So we are working hard on doing that and I'm very happy to say that many government support This important work of Interpol and amongst them the US government is really really very supportive in in getting forward moving forward in Getting the right equipment and the right training to the front to the front line police officers in our 190 member Countries, so definitely The platform the world economic forum has been providing is extremely Important for Interpol to develop our role in connecting the 190 member countries police services And we very much hope that we can immediately start with implementing all the recommendations and Using our platform in Singapore as a major hub connecting law enforcement and industry and academia To make the world a safer place with regards to this cyber crime threat. Thank you very much Thank you Jürgen. Thank you very much Eugene, let's do a little exercise Let's imagine you have a crystal ball and you can look into that crystal ball and see what the cyber risks that are coming that We might not even know about yet that the fourth industrial revolution is bringing to us. What would these threats be? Well, actually, you don't really need to look at a crystal ball and There are better sources of these predictions that Hollywood And actually they explained a lot what can happen in their world Which is now transforming to the 4.0 And what's going on right now? It's really it's really scary in the past. They are cybercrime. What that was little problem This wasn't some noise from there. It's not so much of impact on the global and national economies and the security Nowadays they are it's their pictures absolutely different. There are more and more very professional cyber criminal gangs Which innovate? They also they're transforming to the new age and they use the new methods of that tax new technologies And in many cases, it's very very hard to guarantee high level of protection for the enterprise networks for the bank networks for their states organizations all very Very difficult to recognize that the system is infected because they behave in a very very hidden way so their cybercrime is getting more and more and more professional and They are you call it Internet of Things I call it Internet of Threats because they are everywhere At the same time the professional cybercrime In some cases they provide services They trade these technologies they cooperate and we see many very international gangs Which use the same technologies which are provided by some remote Internet criminals We call it crime as a service So that's a first Cybercrime is getting more and more professional second the traditional crime which was existed before Internet It's recognized the recognized power of cyber. So they do the same things are like in the past But now they do it by attacking production lines Attacking the transportation systems and a very good example of that is attack on Antwerp seaport when Latin American drug cartels infected the automatic Containers unloading system and they were unloading containers with coca into the area they have access to it was report from Europol last year So the traditional crime recognized power of cyber they employ cyber criminals It means that the cybercrime and traditional crime They are getting more and more closer to each other and I'm afraid in the future We will see the gangs which have both cyber and Traditional criminals working very close to each other I'm not sure who will manage who is going to manage cybercrime to manage the traditional crime or traditional crime managing the cyber crime Maybe they will be not possible to recognize who they are their criminals and the cyber will be like a part of any High-profile crime in the worldwide and the third which I'm really afraid of Cybercrime is there getting more professional the traditional crime during cyberspace. What's next? Terrorism, I'm afraid that the next Actor in this place in the cyber world will be the terrorist attacks on the critical infrastructure Which is physical infrastructure? The critical data like financial services and telecommunications That's why this world is getting more and more dangerous So environment is more aggressive and this is a very high demand on their information sharing on their private public cooperation and Public-public cooperation in international cooperation to fight with the international cybercrime to stop them before They are recruited by terrorists So they have a lot of work to do and I'm really happy that I'm really Well, that's the reason I'm here. What are the reasons I'm here in Davos To be in touch with these new initiatives To share my opinion on what's going on and I see that it's going in the right way I'm really proud of that because I'm talking about the information sharing and Cooperation between public and private sectors and international cooperation For about a decade So I recognize that the crime in a cyberspace It will become a very serious the critical problem many years ago and was talking about that and now I'm really proud of that That's my my dreams. They're coming through. Thank you. Thank you very much for that. Thank you very much From me, you'll have our hundred percent support and data which you need and I'll assist all this initiative Which is fighting with a fighting the bad guys to Save the world which is not cyber world. It's It's cyber is physical. It's everywhere around us Even the cameras which are recording us They are cyber speaking of the cameras and the journalists in the room. Thank you very much I know we have five minutes left So we will open the floor for questions if you could keep it to a really one short question State your name and organization for the sake of our online audience Let's start with David over there and then move to the gentleman here in the in the front row Let's take two questions. Thank you. David Seroto of international business times. This is for the Attorney General Does fighting international cyber crime require backdoor access to encrypted network like what's app or Apple iMessage? Silicon Valley says no some former government officials like the former NSA directors say that kind of unfettered surveillance might do more harm than good What do you say? Thank you very much. Let's let's take the second question first, please so Attorney General allow me another question concerning another issue FIFA you once promised to clean up FIFA Just wanted to find out where we stand in that mission nowadays And how do you assess the new FIFA reform program that has been presented? Well, it's a bit of an opt-off topic question You can think about FIFA what you want, but they're probably not cyber criminals So maybe we can turn to David's question there With respect to your question on encryption encryption is is obviously a valuable tool both to government and private industry And we in the US government are not asking for a backdoor We are asking to work with Silicon Valley and the tech industry to make sure that as we preserve encryption We also preserve what we currently have which is the ability for companies to respond to law enforcement warrants Court ordered court authorized requests for information Our view is that there's so many different platforms out there and technology is changing so rapidly that with the skills that we have We think that with continued discussions. We can in fact strike that balance between privacy and security Thank you. Let's take the lady in the front here. Did you want me? What with respect to FIFA what I can say is that that investigation is ongoing as you know We began our enforcement efforts this past May. We continued this past December with additional arrests The investigation is ongoing. I actually had been in Zurich earlier this week Meeting with Swiss Attorney General Michael Lauber whom I'd like to thank for his cooperation and assistance We have separate investigations, but we work very very well together We follow the evidence where it leads and I'm not able to go into specifics right now But I can tell you that the investigation is ongoing We look forward to seeing the results of the new election and hope that the reform efforts do continue and that they are genuine Please I would also have a question concerning the Swiss attorney attorney general He's urging YouTube and other internet companies to cooperate more closely when it comes to taking a hate speech Or even terrorist content from the internet. Is there any way the US authorities could have the Swiss authorities? Well with respect to the efforts by a number of entities to work again with private industry to deal with terrorist propaganda Most of these companies have specific terms of use and when matters are brought to their attention They are generally cooperative in removing those matters in the US because we do have a very strong freedom of speech Expression from our First Amendment on they're always trying to find a balance similar to that in the encryption issue between that freedom and also not being a platform for terror And so what we try and do with all of our law enforcement counterparts is provide them the information They need to to focus their request so that the companies can be as responsive as possible Thank you very much the lady right in the the first seat and after that the lady with a red dress in the middle Meena Aljubi from Ashaqa Alsat newspaper the Middle East The global enhancement of the terrorist group Daesh has been has been seen has been achieved through the internet What needs to be done in the year ahead to prevent this from occurring from them recruiting members online And can we get the second question right away right there in the middle? Thank you. Lara Riley from Business Insider and nuanced question perhaps But you were talking earlier about the kind of definition of cybercrime and I wondered whether ad fraud comes into that definition it's been known and people talk about the fact that or The belief that it funds kind of criminal gangs criminal activity possibly terrorist activity So I just wondered whether that was something that and this will be Focusing on this corporation. Thank you Who wants to take on that question? Just from my side a remark on on the encryption issue Definitely, let's say that the police has a problem with these encryption part and and the topic of anonymization At the end, of course, it's a decision that has to be made by politicians not not by law enforcement But at least we have to indicate that we have a problem because what what has been possible in most of our for instance Interpol member countries to do a survey communication of suspects of serious crime terrorists, of course Is now getting a problem because we are more and more getting dark because of the encryption and Anonymization topic so it's something that law enforcement has to address But once again, we have to respect that a that a decision needs to be taken on a political level and these needs to be discussed But just we have to address the issue. Thank you very much Well with respect to the question of how does one prevent ISIL from recruiting online It's it's very difficult to prevent Any organization from using the internet to spread its message and in fact, of course it the internet can be used for positive things as Well, one of the things I think that there's great attention being paid to both in the US and with our European counterparts is finding ways to counter the message that ISIL is sending out and searching for ways to empower local communities communities where troubled youth have been drawn from And and joined ISIL To find ways for them to also communicate Content that that that essentially tries to break that chain And it's we're looking at partnering with private industry in that regard as well I know that here in Europe There are a number of initiatives that are going on to counter those messages both in Europe and in Great Britain Certainly again, it ties back into the ways in which certain types of content content can be removed from the internet certain types cannot be removed from the internet and so as we look at the greater problem that is Disaffected people being drawn into an incredibly violent subculture that today is ISIL and tomorrow may be something else I think all of us need to focus our efforts on the law enforcement side But also finding a way to break that connection and counter the message Thank you very much. We might have time for one last question if you can get the microphone here Hi, I'm Jamie Keaton from Associated Press. This one's for mr. Stock and mr. Kaspersky Picking up on the question about ISIL The some of the attacks have been commanded from places like the Raka and Mosul and I'm just wondering from a technical standpoint and both from the law enforcement tools that you mentioned mr. Stock What is out there in terms of tools that you need to have that you don't have right now and from a technical standpoint What can be done to impede these types of acts and if you could just elaborate on what specific the threat terrorism You're speaking about the technical tools. Yeah Well, actually this I'm talking only about their malware based cybercrime So I'm not touching their illegal content or trading the contrafaith stuff So to investigate the crime based on the malware malicious attacks Well, actually we have all the tools in our hands technical tools And I think that I'm 99.9 percent sure that we can investigate any Criminal case which you made with these kind of technologies. We have experts. We have a knowledge we have We had a successful story stories and the major problem is not at the technical side The problem is that the local national police departments. They behave only within the national borders And of course, there is a cooperation. There is an interpol. There is a Europol But in some cases, there's still lack of their International cooperation between these departments and sometimes I'm a private company I'm in between so I connect the police departments from nation a to nation be but I'm saying hey You're both from the West why you're not talking to each other. It's to bureaucratic Eugene. You're much much faster link So I think that technically speaking we can investigate any almost every case criminal case because criminals They behave a say on a daily basis so we can come closer and closer and closer to serve us around them and The proof that they are responsible for the attacks in most of cases Thank you very much. Just very briefly from from my side two examples of the first example investigating digital evidence So so all all kinds of digital evidence that is collected Needs to be explored in terms of is there any anything any information? Law enforcement might need to protect societies from terrorist attacks for instance We need to have the technology in all our member countries to investigate these evidence Second point the big data problem when I was a young police officer's of course and we did a search somewhere We collected a lot of paperwork and then we went through the paperwork today We are collecting terabyte and even more of data as evidence and going through this evidence is a challenge both for law enforcement and the judiciary to collect the necessary evidence and also through a Corporation with the private sector. We hope to get the tools we need to collect this kind of evidence Thank you very much, and I think we're we have to close the press conference at this point Thank you very much for being here. Thank you for watching and a special. Thank you to all my panelists here today. Thank you


Appalachian Wireless now has new forward pay prices where you can pay up front and get the data and features you design. Five gigabytes of data, just $39.99. Unlimited, just $79.99. Better service, bigger savings. That's today's Appalachian Wireless. Johnson County deputies along with Sheriff Dwayne Price began their day looking for eight people indicted Wednesday by the Johnson County Grand Jury on drug trafficking charges. And one of those was 33-year-old Jonathan Mayhan. And we finally, you know, in about an eight month long investigation, or probably better, or more close to a year, we finally got him on some controlled buys, audio video. So we're going to pay him a little visit this morning and break the bad news to him. While at Jonathan Mayhan's residence, however, deputies ended up arresting three other people. And lo and behold, in his driveway, there were two individuals, one of them is brother and I guess his little girlfriend. I ran them both through dispatch and she came back with a warrant on her. And when we were searching the other individual, he had a loaded needle, he tells us it's a box. Arrested at that residence in addition to Jonathan Mayhan were Joshua Mayhan, Haley Joseph, and Susanna Moore. Sheriff Price said that many of the indictments they're getting now are for trafficking and substance becoming more prevalent in Johnson County called Crystal Ice. It comes into larger cities and this trickles on down the line and we've got that problem here. And it's all coming out of Mexico. And that's what we're out here trying to combat. That's put a stop to as much of it as we can. Deputies also arrested 56-year-old Jeffrey Collins and 45-year-old Tammy Stumbo later in the day, leaving four people with arrest warrants stemming from Wednesday's indictments. Those are Clinton Castle, Everett Haney, Billy R. Tackett and Jeremy Boggs. In Paintsville, I'm Shannon Deskins, EKB News.


other dose. If you're new to the channel then hi my name is Nasser and I'm now a fourth year medical student studying at King's College London. As you can see from my surroundings I'm not in my usual room back in London where you normally see me film my videos. I'm currently on peripheral placement from my obstetrics and gynecology rotation somewhere outside of London and honestly obstetrics and gynecology has just been fantastic. So we've got a pretty busy day today. I've got afternoon clinic in the genitourinary medicine slash contraception clinic. I've got a meeting with my clinical supervisor and our biggest med school exams are coming up pretty soon so this is my exam studying timetable and today we're over here so we're going to be studying neuro which is good because I could use a bit of neuro studying. It's currently eight in the morning so without further ado let's get dressed pack my bag and head to the library. The absolute best thing about this peripheral placement is that my commute to the hospital my commute to the library takes me a whole two minutes so literally the best thing ever. After a solid studying session of reading and taking notes I move on to doing practice questions which is really important for committing your knowledge to memory and for this we got to give a shout out to the sponsor of today's video QuestMed. QuestMed is an online question bank for medical students with over 6,500 questions and 15,000 anky style flashcards. If that wasn't enough there's an entire textbook of notes you can read up on the latest information for every single condition. One of my favorite things about QuestMed is that you can go through their questions using the app on your phone even if you're offline which is amazing for me when I'm commuting on the London Underground. Another feature is that you can actually search for questions relating to just the specific condition that you want to test your knowledge on. Compared to other question banks I've used QuestMed definitely gets me thinking harder about their cases and makes me really consider multiple differentials as opposed to just seeing a buzzword and jumping straight to the answer. They've got great explanations for why each of their answers is right or wrong and the comments section you can discuss questions and topics with other users. Their space repetition flashcards auto-populate as you get questions wrong so you don't even have to spend the time making the flashcards in the first place, QuestMed does it automatically for you. They're an absolutely fantastic resource for anyone in medical school and the first 100 people to use my code Carmamedic25 will get 25% off any plan and after that you can use the code Carmamedic for 10% off. Thank you to QuestMed for sponsoring this video and let's get back to the vlog. Healthy session of morning studying done now it's time for my clinical supervisor meeting. So this is the mid placement clinical supervisor meeting so each rotation that we do we have a beginning of the placement, mid placement and then end of placement clinical supervisor meeting. So what we do in these meetings is we discuss our progress throughout the placement and yeah it's kind of like a check-in just how have you been finding the placement is there anything I can help you with aren't you having any problems things like that. So I need to set up a quick zoom. I'll be honest throughout my time in medical school I haven't really found these meetings very useful they've mostly been tick box exercises because my clinical supervisors haven't really been they haven't just they just haven't really been invested in you know the student experience and making sure that they're okay. However my clinical supervisor during this rotation on Ops and Guiney has been excellent very very keen on making sure that I'm learning making sure that I'm active in placement doing everything that I need to do and I'm honestly really thankful for that you know that is part of what medical school is it's you being taught and mentored by people who have done this before you and them sort of taking you under their wing and so I really appreciate that it's it's been a good experience this book. Okay anyways I'm rambling way too much and I need to send this link. Good morning Khanfan thank you are you? That was a great conversation I feel like we got everything that we needed to do finished and that is another thing ticked off the to-do list for today so just currently 11 10 all right guys so I've got just a little bit of time before my shuttle bus comes to take me from this hospital to the next hospital which is where I have my afternoon clinic in genital urinary medicine and contraception. I definitely hear a bunny rabbit behind me in these bushes I'll try and film one for you if I catch it but there's bunnies absolutely everywhere here I don't see him he's hiding but anyways if you didn't already know that I am now officially on TikTok you can see that right over here I'm having so much fun posting on TikTok and I'm posting there daily actually these are the two books that I used to study for the grueling USMLE step one exam over the next couple of weeks I'm gonna be taking a little bit of a step back from YouTube and my other social media because it's getting a little bit much with my exams coming up but I will be posting every single day on TikTok I've got eight videos stashed ready to go and I'm doing one per day so make sure you follow me if I haven't filmed a bunny rabbit for you by the end of this vlog then I've failed and you can let me know in the comments down below all right bus is coming very soon and I do not want to miss it so let's get going I'm here a little bit early because I'm where to heat up my lunch let's go just finished time for the clinic let's go and I wouldn't let you guys down see if we can go say hi you guys think it'll let me touch it probably not let's be real but you don't want to say hi hey buddy oh my god his eyes are so cute I won't bother him anymore but at least I found one for you guys all right finally back home I feel exhausted so clinic is finished all the staff there were really really nice very welcoming but from a learning perspective from a seeing patients perspective it was pretty mad didn't get too much the insertion of a coil coil as if everyone knows what a coil is the coil that goes into the uterus and provides contraception long-term for women and then also some presentations of sexually transmitted diseases like uh candidiasis nicer gonorrhea but only underneath a microscope slide so yeah it was okay it is what it is clinical placement really is like that sometimes it's completely slow and boring and nothing happens and other times it's absolutely incredible and you're assisting in c-sections and seeing all this crazy stuff so you got a bit of both worlds very first thing I'm going to do is change into comfy clothes and just chill out for a little bit because I'm heading to the library with Georgina in an hour so take a little bit of a break and then go continue for a second half of the day all right guys after talking to Alexia and a very healthy session on tiktok my alarm has rang and it's time to get out so let's go make some snacks and some coffee for the library and then meet with Georgina and get going all right we're here with Georgina on youtube as you guys will know from previous vlogs Georgina has been my companion in the library over the last couple of weeks we got snacks together we study together and spend a good time it's been really useful yeah it's been really useful but guys basically we've been studying for how many weeks now it feels like forever but it feels like forever maybe three or four actual hardcore weeks and we've got another three weeks ahead of us so it's the 29th today our exam is on the 20th so it's coming up real soon and we were saying this yesterday in the library like we're so done like I've had enough yeah I absolutely feel the same I think we've both had those points where we've been like I'm done and we've said to each other I don't know what I'm doing anymore am I doing this right and I think it's perfectly natural really yeah it must be this is our fourth year in uni we've written more exams than we care to count we've also both done degrees prior to this so like we've done this all before and yeah it's getting to the point where I've had enough I just want to graduate I want to start working I want to have different responsibilities outside of uni feeling recently like just get me out of here I want to start working I feel ready yeah I don't know just the end will come it sometimes feels like it's going to be forever when you're in this state it's very true and I know that a lot of people in on our course are feeling the same at the moment they're just like when you see them in the street or in the hospital they're like that is really reassuring everyone everyone feels the same way yeah struggle central struggle struggle city population 450 what's our plan for tonight we've got a tutorial at six oh no boo no you've got it too okay fine yeah I'm not sure what I'm going to cover I'm doing neural do you focus on specific topics like one topic per day and I find that's helping because before I was just doing scattergun shotgun approach of like a bit of everything and I was getting stressed out studying is our plan study plan all right let's do I've got infinite snacks so we'll be we'll be energized for a while we can do this all right let's do it see you in the library guys I found another one what would you call him jasper bunnykin do you think he'll let us touch him oh my god run rabbit run all the studying that I'm doing for today I think tomorrow marks our three-week point until the exam so from here on out pretty much just going to be go go go study study study so it's currently 9 15 p.m usually at this time I would go straight into working out using the weights I have here let me show you guys I've got my yoga mat over there which I lay out over here and then I've got some weights which have been very very nice on this peripheral placement and I'm actually going on a planned 10 to 15k run with a friend tomorrow in Hyde Park back in London so I'm going to conserve my energy and not do exercise today but I do have footage of me exercising from another day so roll that clip so before I came to Ashford my good friend Jochina on YouTube she told me that everyone gets fat in Ashford and let's just say I haven't exactly got the healthiest of snacks sitting on my shelf so I promise myself I'm not going to get fat and I've been working out almost every other day that I've been here haven't got anything too crazy just this mat a couple of weights and some extra plates over there it's definitely keeping me in shape and doing a good job in addition to running so I'm gonna say you guys down and continue so on days where I'm not exercising if my flatmates over here are free then we meet up in one of our rooms and we go through past paper questions to help prepare for the upcoming exam I've actually got some footage of that from the other day so roll the clip one of those two things how I'll have dinner shower and go straight to sleep and that my friends is gonna bring us to the very end of this vlog I really hope you've enjoyed watching it's actually been quite fun filming this throughout the whole day and very different filming on peripheral placement in my not-at-home in london environment as I'm sure you've been able to tell if you've enjoyed the video please do leave a like on it and also subscribe to my channel to see more content from me in the future don't forget to follow me on tiktok as well I'm posting daily there and having a blast and I'll see you in the next one face is it for me I'm gonna go straight to bed because I've got a 7 a.m wake up tomorrow morning which is fantastic so we'll see you tomorrow you get the best of not the best you got a bit of both worlds shout out my the stars you smashed it yes that was so fantastic yes yes yes that was yeah so while I'm here on peripheral placement we go through a bunch of if you've enjoyed the video please don't leave a like please don't leave a like


My issues with Wakanda go down to the very bones of it. The existence of a landlocked African country that is supposed to be the wealthiest and most technologically advanced nation in the world, and it never participated in helping with issues of slavery, colonialism, all that. It never gave back to any of the African countries around it. That's just an issue with me. The idea of this advanced nation being a monarchy is an issue to me. It's technologically advanced and futuristic, but it's a monarchy, really.


Hey what's going on everybody it's Tuko from Music ID TV and this is Use the News. So Apple Music has launched Apple Music for Artists Beta. This launched in June of 2018 and it is pretty much just like Spotify in which you can access the back engine of your presence on Apple Music. I was able to take away from this is the fact that Apple Music allows you to get access to your iTunes information as well. I think that's really really cool because we've heard stories about iTunes Store closing down even if it does close down that little 99 cent purchase isn't bad for you to know along with the package of knowing what your activity is doing on Apple Music. Another cool thing is that they break down how well your song is doing on radio. Beats One Radio of course is another Apple Music feature which is somewhat popular because you have a lot of popular artists like Nicki Minaj doing interviews on Beats One Radio. Another great thing about Apple Music for Artists Beta program and why you should get on it period because I'm pretty sure if you have any music on platforms it's probably on Apple Music. So Apple Music just became the number one streaming service in the United States with 25 million paid subscribers beating out Spotify domestically but internationally Spotify is still number one but when it comes to the home base you want to be aware that Apple Music is number one and it's growing so you want to try and manage your presence on that as well. Another thing is that Drake Scorpion's Apple Music Streams Apple formed its Spotify streams almost by 10 million streams. On Apple Music he had over 130 million streams and on Spotify had about 120 million streams and so so Apple Music is not only growing and its user base is also growing massively in its engagement. So you can download Apple Music for Artists from the App Store on iPhones. I would say one criticism of Apple Music for Artists versus Spotify Music for Artists the game plan feature which breaks down how to use Spotify. This is a feature that I don't think Apple really has for Artists so as much as they're trying to do this initiative it might be just like a tit for tat until they really kind of explain how people can really utilize this even better like Spotify did and I think that would encourage more people to use it. Beyond that be sure to share with a friend like and subscribe leave a comment in the comment section letting us know if you have Apple Music or not or if you would even use this. Beyond that this is Tuko from Music Guy DTV and this is Use the News. Sigh now.