Mae Byrddwynedd yn y bobl. O lawr y bydwyr yn y byd? Mae Byrddwynedd yn y bobl hwnnw credu hŷ oed wedi bwyl sydd o'u popeth, yn edrych gydr cubesodi nhw dribleis ac yn llwwyddodau clor wedi cael thawr. Ohau'n hearadwch,zo liy chasing pai.  Iddo d tracked o'u fan o meddwl i'r gufner i'r Prif... I ow, fel byr, pot genncios? Mynd i ddim yn lasio ar gyfer. Mae gennym weithio ein bod y bydd yw roi yn 1066, ac maen nhw'n gwybod yn 1066. Mae ydych yn fath yn 1069. Mae gennym wedi bod gweld ddeinio y ddyn nhw yn un i gael gallu wlad am y selefydd yn cyfrifiadau. Mae Wyllianne'r fath dryd wedyn gyda'r barfod i'r bwysig yn yng ngwybod, a'r bwysig yn ddysgu'r llyfr yn deall yng Nghymru, ond nid i gynnig yn ymddeithas hynny, wedi'i dechrau yw ddod maen nhw'n yn gweithio. Yn y bwyllwch, sy'n dweud yn ymddeithas o'r cyfrin yn y Gwyllt Oedd, a dyna'r gwneud hynny, byddwyd yn ymddydd, ac efallai yn y bwysig yn y bwysig yn y bwysig. Gallwch yn gallu o'r fildiol, gallwch yn gallu hwyl iawn, Ydyw'r ddflis i gwybod am ddeunisiau i Dannau a Cyngorau Cymru sy'n dweud o gydag o'r fwylau Olyddion. Ac mae'n ei wneud y mynd. A byddau'n ideaeth bod rhyngwun amenesio. Mynd i gwybod i'r gwybod, a mynd i gwybod i'r gwybod i'r digwydd. Mae yna hamd afael i'r cyfnodd. Fy fydd nesaf, yna gynhyrch gyda eich gydag, The kids gond it, the women spun it, the chaps wore it and I'm not quite sure who it was that cut it up and made it into clothes, grandma or somebody perhaps if there was one. And they had a little domestic industry and it was quite a good idea. And this was therefore very, sort of rural, very sort of self sufficient little valley took to way in the hills. But technology begins to invade isn't it? Technology and the ideas come in, The first technology that really made a mark on this valley, the piece of it that made the mark on the valley still exists, it's just across the other side of the river. It's Hebdingbridge Mill, it was water power, and that mill was built in 1314. So that's pretty early technology. But it was very important because it took over from hand technology of the ladies of the household throwing the oats into a bowl and rubbing them with a stick until they were exhausted to try to grind the oats up. If you've ever tried oats, not easy to grind. So a wheel and a stone that could do it better technology improved the diet of the people living here enormously. It also enhanced the pocket of the Lord of the Manor because everybody growing oats had to take them to his mill to be ground. And so we had technology there. And there was a small timber bridge at the side of the mill. And the cloth making industry and the clothes making industry was taking off to such an extent that the hooves of the packhaws was crossing that wooden bridge, beat it to death. And the stone one that was built to replace it a little bit downstream survives today as it's known as the old bridge. It's actually the second bridge in Hebdingbridge. And so the technology of the clothing industry was developing a place. The first cloth hall, as opposed to a wall hall, I think I've disconnected somebody. Tricky on this, sis. All right. Thank you. Was both it happening? I'm moving about too much. No, I think this one has a really awkward clip. I don't know if you've got kind of needs a thick bit of fabric to put onto it. Well, you get the picture. Everybody on their own tool was busy at it at work and generating new ideas and, at the same time, inventing better ways of spinning and weaving and so on. And the cloth hall in Hepsonstall in the 1400s have been going for a long time before a chap would been up in Scotland trying to persuade the Scots not to separate themselves from England, set off on horseback to have a bit of a holiday. And he rode all around the island of Great Britain and he described where he went, Daniel Defoe. When he came here, he probably thought he was back on the island with the castaway. But he described it in pretty wild terms. But he was impressed by what he called one continued village. One of the big advantages of this area, there wasn't a Lord of the Manor in the sense of a big building and great estates and things like that, because the land here is just rubbish. Nobody wanted to farm it, really. And so he found all these smallholders, each house within a healing distance of another. But then he talked about the population. All employed, each with their hands sufficient for their upkeep. The whole family were just working, working entrepreneurs to the last person. And that's the heritage of this valley and that heritage has continued. And I don't think it's any exaggeration to say that the other WW, you know, we all know about WWW, but the one that came before it was WWIR, the Worldwide Industrial Revolution, which of course is still expanding as we speak. It began under those circumstances here, in my view. There's a lot of historical evidence to support it. So when I talked about power in the valley, it was the power of ideas and then the power of manufacturing and the technology of manufacturing better and better. You know, so I went on to spinning wheels and a frame propped up against the wall, went to a primitive wooden loom and that sort of thing. And so they were developing their technology as they went along. And then you've got people like Sir John, the Lord of the Manor of Wadsworth. He thought, well, there's these things called water wheels, you know, heard about them in Roman times and although their water wheels were a bit different. And in the Middle East and so on. And he wanted to build a mill with a water wheel. So he was taking his own leap into a new kind of technology. Well, 1314 to 1485, not that far apart as things go. And these wool makers must have hired this big wheel going around in the river and thought, it's not a bad idea really. We could save a lot of time if we could harness that to run our spinning wheels and our weaving frames. And they did. And over the next few hundred years, well, by the time that Defoe came, they were just at the start of it, that's the name of the chapel, was wandering them out, writing it all down. They were just about at the start of the transfer from domestic production to what you might call industrial production manufacturing. And during the 1700s, more than 250 mills with water wheels were built, not to grind, go on, because there wasn't that much of it, but to produce cloth. Every valley around here, they were extremely fortunate here in the topography. I mean, this didn't happen in the Cotswolds. They continued to thrive on selling wool. Here people were making cloth. They were playing the value added game. They were adding the value of their hands to the product. And so they were really fortunate in the climate. You might not think that we're fortunate in the climate here all the time, but for them at that time, they were. And it wasn't all that good, couldn't grow wheat, it could grow oats. But there's lots of rivers. And the other thing they were fortunate about was that when the ice melted at the end of the ice edge, the ice over Manchester and Rochedale and Burnley and so on was thicker than the Pennines are high. And when the ice melted, it melted at the edge, which ice has a bad habit of doing. And therefore, we got lakes pending between the ice sheet and the Pennines. And because the ice sheet was higher than the Pennines, the water came this way. And there weren't any ice sheets on this side of the Pennines because you need precipitation to make ice sheets, as well as low temperatures. Here we had the low temperatures, but all the snow dropped on that side of the Pennines. So it came this way, did the water, and we got the Culler Valley. It gouged out a sort of 200 meter trench through the hills that we now delight in. But the other thing was that the underlying geology here is alternating hard and soft rocks. If you look at the hillsides here, they go down in steps. If you look at the river, they go down in steps as well because where they're running through soft rock, they wear it away quickly and then they come through a band of hard rock. There's a waterfall or rapids, perfect place to build a water mill with a wheel.  They got the sites, they got the ideas, got the evidence, and all these hundreds of water mills were set up. And 250 years after the cloth hall was built in Hepton's cell, it became redundant, it was far too small. It's still there, just a little cottage at the bottom of the church yard with the plaque on the wall. So they built the peace hall in Halifax instead, quite a joint really. But like a lot of historical events, the peace hall was out of date before they built it because the factories had started to use coal and steam and they were building big mills. So at the same time as they were building the peace hall, they were building Deane Clough and Deane Clough had its own showroom. It didn't really need to take its cloth to a market to sell it. But the peace hall was so busy that it only opened for sales, you know, gosh, I wish the retail trade was like that now. They only opened for sales for a couple of hours on Saturday morning and closed at lunchtime. Then you'd got until four o'clock to pick up what you bought. So it was busy but it was going out and the mills were beginning to take over. And so, you know, we got this great industrial revolution taking place here before it started anywhere else. The parish of Halifax was the richest place in the world in the late 17th century.  And it all went from there. Halifax was an important city before Leeds and Manchester assumed prominence as more trading cities than manufacturing. And the manufacturing grew up around them. So that's the power in the valley that I'm interested in talking about. And it's relevant to today, you know. We've kind of run out of ideas today. I know you're all dealing with bites and there's, I presume we're talking about computers and things, you know, not zoosed. And so, and there's been, there are development here and there in the history of the WWW and so on. But nothing to parallel the absolute impact of industrialisation throughout the world in the WWW is a sort of subsidiary that's one of the children of that. So, we're looking at something really, really significant here. Now it's... 2025 is the 300th anniversary of Daniel Defoe's description of this area. And one of the things I'm proposing is that in 2025, if we'll survive to that time and who knows what we'll be doing, but there are some won't say that we shall all start to death before we get there over the next week or two. But that's politicians for you. We should have a festival, we should have it here and we should celebrate Daniel Defoe's book about his travels throughout the island of Great Britain, in particularly here. There are so many unique circumstances came here. Most of the places he went, there were lords and serfs. Here, there were independent people and independently-minded people. And it's gone on like that. It's a very independent... I mean, I'm part of the old independently-minded, awkward squad of the original Hebding Bridging, called the Valley, and I have every intention of getting more so. You know, when you get old, you can say anything to anybody, can't you? And they don't take a fence. I was in a meeting a lot longer ago in Spain and we were having a bit of an argument and I rather upset him over there. He happened to be a policeman as well as being a Spanish policeman. What a combination. And he got so incensed about what I was saying, but he got up and then he drove back and he said if it wasn't for his age I would hit him. I thought, well, there are some bonuses, aren't there? So it's all true. So, where are we at now? We've got a lot to celebrate. The unique circumstances of this area being very, very poor soil and therefore not supporting great landed estates or great monasteries like you find up in North Yorkshire, because a lot of the Norman lords didn't want to be bothered with the North of England, so they got some religious order to look after it for them. I've only got fountains, Abbey, and all the others out of that, but nobody built an Abbey in the Calder Valley. I mean, there just wasn't enough agricultural productivity here to pay for anything like that, and there probably weren't any monks that want to come and live here. The only ones that wanted to get there were the sort of Nair Dwells that escaped from the Norman killing spree. And these were independent people, rugged independent people, and they came up with ideas and they carried on developing ideas and they developed this thing. So we've got the people, we've got the minds, we've got the imagination, we've got the spur of necessity because they needed to survive, and we've got the geological landscape that lent itself to waterfalls, we've got the climate that lent itself to floods and lots of rainfall to run waterwheels, and we developed the markets, and then we began to develop more and more different sources of power and eventually different sources of transport. The first railway across the Pennines came through Hebedin Bridge. The first canal across the Pennines came through Hebedin Bridge. And it's quite a remarkable history, and it's a history of ideas as well as all the rest. And it's continuing, and there are some remarkable things going on in this area. We went through a very bad patch in the 50s and 60s when the textile industry collapsed due to the tariffs being removed and imports flooding in, and this place became a ghost town, but it recovered. People came together. I forget the name of the first speaker, I was talking about mutuality. It happened here. People came together. Working parties came out on the streets every weekend. People turned out for three hours in the rain, in the snow or whatever to scrub this place green, to get rid of the dirt and the disorder and to build a new economy. And you biting people are very much a part of this new economy. Now, whereas it grew up as individuals working in little cottages, and if you walked around the area in those days, you'd hear the clack of a loom from nearly every cottage as the hand-loom weavers were working hard. It's not quite the same now. You don't hear the clack-clack-clack of a loom. You don't really hear it at all, but you've got very good hearing. You might hear the tap-tap-tap of a keyboard. And there's a lot of people in this area now with independent one person, two or three, four people businesses based on the tap-tap-taps of keyboards. There's a lot of offices in this building. There's lots going on, and in a way this is a resurgence. The economy of this area is happier in many ways, and it's building on the history. It's a reinvention of the domestic industry of the past that was very much about the use of the hands and the use of materials. And now it's still using imagination and ideas, and it's prospering. I think you know better than me, but as a bystander I get the feeling that it is prospering. There are all these people doing things which I confess I don't understand at all. There are all these waves playing about in the air. I mean my computer talks to a cloud. I mean how daff can you get? And that cloud talks to me on the computer, and occasionally they both get it wrong. But that's the way it goes, so I'm absolutely fascinated by the history of this and all these things that plug into it. And so where's it going to go from here?  One of my projects of the past, going back to the 1980s, was to save... Well, going back to the 1970s, my project was saving that building, the first building in Hebdingbridge, Hebdingbridge Mill. The mill that Sir John Dathorn held, the Lord of the Manor, built in 1314. It is still there inside that building. It's been extended in every direction. You can't see much of the original because it's wrapped up in layers of later development. But that's the heart of it. And then the next one that I took on, after I took that on, was the next one upstream, Knuckloff Mill, thought I'd go for a biggie. It was going to be demolished as that was. That was going to be demolished and I had a big row with the owner. And he said, well, I've sold it. I've sold it to a demolition contractor. He's just buying it for the stone. He said, if you're so serious that you consternationists, you're all cheeky on both, really.  You want to do it, do it.  And he said, I'll sell it to you. You can buy the stone and you can keep it in position if you want. I said, I haven't any money. He said, don't be daft. I haven't any money. What's money got to do with it? You want to do something, you borrow it. Go to the bank and ask him. Come on here. I've been brought up that he didn't borrow money. And I said, but they'll want it back. I got this pitying look from Mr Greenwood. Mr Greenwood, I won't tell you which one. There's so many of them you won't be able to identify with. He said, of course they will. He said, look lad, felt about so big. I think he was probably younger then than I am now, but anyway. He said, you borrow the money. You make it work a bit harder for you than it does for them. And you live off the difference. And that's called business. Oh, I thought. I went to and thought about it. I used to be a fairly bright lad. And I thought, well, I can't get insane, really. He's right. So I borrowed the money and bought it. I was terrified, terrified, terrified it was going to fall down. It took me five years of working 10 hours every Saturday and every Sunday before I could even get anybody to agree to be a tenant in it. But gradually people came and rented bits and that come to the next bit and so on. So after 10 years, when the broses were beginning to decline a bit, I looked at Knopfloff Mill. And the old West Yorkshire County Council had it on their demolition list. You know, that five storey 35,000 square feet lump up the valley there. Well, I went to see them at the County Council and said, you know, it's going to cost you about £50,000 to knock this place down. The way council spend money. I said, why are you doing it? Well, it's unsafe. And nobody wants it. It's been abandoned. I said, well, there's a lot of things like that about it. Can I just knock them all down? Well, I mean, I think they were trying. I said, well, I'll relieve you of the problem. What do you mean? I said, well, you can give it me. That will save you £50,000. Then you can give me the £50,000. Well, it worked. I actually bought Knopfloff Mill for a pound. I mean, that has to be an exchange of cash apparently. And so I gave the chairman of the County Council a pound note. I think it was a paper pound note in those days. And she accepted it. And they gave me some money. And then the government, through various things, gave me some money. We got rural program money through the rural development body, which I wasn't a member of at that time, so I wasn't inside a training. They made me a commissioner on the rural development commission to stop me applying for grant sign. Then I got some urban aid money, which was absolutely strictly illegal, because Ebedinbridge was either rural or it was urban. Well, I didn't care. I pocketed it. And then I got some European money, just short of £100,000. But we didn't, because you have to do the work first. And you get the grants afterwards. And I'd arranged with the manager at Lloyd's Bank, when A, they had a manager and B, they had a bank, to borrow the money on the strength of a letter from the Department of the Environment in London, Secretary of State himself, promising to pay the 100,000 when the European money came through. But he didn't. Some lawyer in Brussels found a little clause. And where it said that was it usually said, everywhere else it said, eligibility for this grant is public sector, private sector and voluntary sector. Somebody who wrote the one for this area missed off and voluntary sector. So Brussels refused to pay it. They said it would be illegal to pay it. I said, well, I shouldn't worry about that. Everybody else has paid it. And anyway, it never came. And the bank got very cross. And threatened to take the building off us and put us in jail. Actually, my colleague at the time, David Shorten, our Lord, you know the right honourable Lord, we were actually locked in the manager's office in the banking every bridge until they'd sorted it out. I mean, a meeting was going to happen. So I wrote to our MP at the time and I just put across the top of the letter and big red letters, help, help, help, help. You know, I spelled the case out and said, the press are sniffing round. What am I to say? This is just going to blow a hole in the whole government policy of public-private voluntary sector co-operation. I got a check in four days, actual piece of paper, you know, those old-fashioned things. In four days, for 91,000 pounds from the Department of the Environment, with a little letter saying, don't tell anybody where you got this from. Because they'd already paid the 95,000 pounds that we were using as matching money for the European money. So instead of it being 50-50, it was 100-0, which is against all the rules. So when you hear people on the telly these days talking about it being unconstitutional, there's no such thing. What they do, what they want to do, they do make no mark, no mistake. And it's happened better than some of the other systems that are around in the world. So that mill was saved. We, because there was a set-up benign heritage then, so we had a trust benign heritage and the trust benign heritage raised about one and a half million pounds to re-roaf that building, put new floors in, put new window frames in, get it back to a working building. And the idea was to turn it into an industrial nursery, small businesses and so on, bit like the wind here.  We got some of both. And some of those that grow, so we're growing a bit, but one of them was called Colrec. And it was growing a lot and every time somebody else's space became vacant, they said, can we have it? And look where they are today. You know, there's something like, I don't know, 200 jobs or something like that in Hebdingbridge and sort of not just bottom of the pile jobs either because we saved the building. This was part of our strategy in the early days. This place is down on its knees in the 60s. Get working parties out, clean it up, get rid of the rubbish. You know, if you're going for an interview, put your best suit on. And so we put Hebdingbridge's best suit on, and they persuaded people to start cleaning buildings. Then we said, well, now that we've done it, we better get people to come and look at it, let's spread the word. So we had all sorts of daft festivals. We had a weekend called Awake. That was brilliant, that was brilliant. We had all the arts performing groups in town on all the same weekend. Every venue in town was full, fantastic. There was a marquee on the park with everything from John Bull and his puncture repair kit to a four-hour unexplicated version of King Lear. And it was full of people. I mean, it was really fantastic. There was anybody else here old enough to remember it, but 1970 was the date. And you know, it was just a tremendous event and there were lots of them. Swethwych, anybody remember that? You know, all sorts of things. We had Dorothy Sutleford at a back in the shop in a pair of hot pants pretending they were laid a horse and trying to yodel on the hillside near Weasel Hall while Yorkshire TV were filming. I mean, the noise, just... But people came to look at all these peculiar folk doing. And then the third element was we wanted to translate the visitors into the best visitors of all, the ones that stayed 365 days a year, because the population here had been falling like a storm. Population of Ebdenbridge used to be about 7,500, and it shrank to about 4,000 over, you know, 10 years or so. People just abandoned their houses. You know, I'll make you absolutely green now. You could buy a really nice cottage for 50 quid. I know somebody who got one for a penny. And I think those days have passed on a bit. It's long time since I bought the cottage, but I think there are a bit more than that now. So, and then the final part of our effort, save the mills because we didn't want to be a commuter place. You know, we're near enough to Leeds in Manchester, but we wanted things to happen here. We wanted ideas to flourish here. We're back to ideas, imagination, and then get up and go. And that's what we started to get. I mean, I'm on dangerous territory, but the house prices have gone up too. So, I was on this branch trust in the trade club, and they were going on about house prices. They were blaming people who had upped the reputation of Hebdenbridge. They were blaming the estate agents for putting prices up. I stood up and said, don't blame anybody else. I know who put the prices up in Hebdenbridge. It's you. The other people who put the price, the person selling a property, determines the price at which it sells, and you all want to get a bit more than the chap next door got. And that's what puts the prices up, and it's a sad fact. And because the prices are going up, we don't have as many vibrant ideas generating people moving in. We have more fairly well-healed public sector pensions moving in. Now, I know I'm on dangerous ground saying that, and I might not live to see the end of the week, but it's a fact. And so I'm not being ruled if the cap for it. Something most of you don't look, because if you're on pensions yet. I am, I'm a benefit baby. The government gives me a pension every month. It's wonderful, it's wonderful. But it does have its drawbacks when everybody is doing that because it makes everybody feel a bit too comfortable. The people who really set this area going were escaping ethnic cleansing and hungry, and they had to do things. So that's where we've come from, and that's where we are. And I hope we're going to get progressing and have every intention of getting this part of the valley, about power in the valley, recognised as the centre of WWIR and given world heritage status, which I know isn't going to bring the house prices down, but it is going to help more people to be concerned and supportive and helpful about keeping this amazing heritage that we've got here. And if I want to leave you with any message for other invites, it doesn't matter what sort of, but this is such an amazing part of the world. You know, and we've a long way to go in ideas, haven't we? I've been doing my bit over there. The government are going on about being zero carbon by 2050. Well, I've just written to them and said, well, what's keeping you? I've been zero carbon since 2014, and I have. Over there, we generate all our own electricity, and in fact, we generate four times as much as we need, and we sell the other three quarters to the grid. So you're all living on my electricity. So you better be good.  And part of that electricity goes into a couple of machines called heat pumps, and they take heat out of the water. Now, I've got all this up on the walls in there, and customers come in and they read it. Most people have tremendous difficulty in distinguishing between heat and temperature.  Like, heat is like little packages that come floating in the river. And at the back of the mill, I've got four domestic radiators, well, actually two double radiators, in the goate of the mill, and the water flows over them all the time. Now, the temperature of the water in the river is probably quite high now for that river. It might be 15 degrees centigrade, but in the winter it's probably more like 5 degrees centigrade. So there's not a lot of heat, but you only need to take a little bit of heat out of a recubic metre that passes, and it can add up to a lot. And so through these two heat pumps, which work on latent heat principles, which I'm sure you all understand, but I won't go into it now, the water coming in at 15 degrees or 5 degrees is a heat exchanger, and I've got a tank of 800 litres of water at 65 degrees all the time coming out of the river, because it's just like a fridge in reverse. The water coming in evaporates a refrigerant liquid into a gas, and then a compressor driven by the electricity from the scroll squashes that gas back into a liquid in the process of liberating latent heat that goes into the water system in the tank. And that's... If you go to the gents or the ladys and you put the heart tap on, please don't leave it on like some people do, and hold your hand under it, you won't hold your hand under it for long, because it comes out at about... So, we've got heat, we've got central heating, we've got electricity, wow. And the government pay me to do it. There's a thing called feeding tariff or electricity, and there's a thing called renewable heating incentive for the heat. So I do it at my house. I've got eight holes in the ground and pipes come out the holes and carry antifreeze at the temperature of the ground long way down, and that heats my house. And the government sent me a check for 1500 quid every quarter to pay me for doing it. It's a no-brainer, why are you all doing it? I don't know, I can't understand it. I've put heat pumps in Bridge Mill, two massive industrial heat pumps in the Birchleif Centre, so that place is like toast now, it's wonderful. My daughter's place over in Lindenmill, farm a friend of mine in Ripondin, another one up with Toposgate. Why aren't you all doing it? I mean, save the planet and make money. So it's a no-brainer, why don't we do it?  There isn't much flow, especially at the moment, this river's drying up, I don't know why. Somebody has to ask the offshore water at the top. But I'm generating kilowatts of electricity from that. Why didn't the town hall do this when it built its new extension and refurbished the town hall? Why didn't they have a turbine out there? I don't know, why don't people do these things? Why don't we have a turbine on every estuary in this country? Or why don't we have dozens of turbines on multi-basin dams across the Bristol Channel? Liverpool Bay, Morkham Bay, the Solway, what's the thing called at Glasgow? The Clyde, you know, and right around the fourth, the Humber. We could supply Europe with electricity. We could become the Saudi Arabia of Europe in some ways. We could be powering it. We didn't buy it all from Russia or anybody else who was going to hold us to ransom. Why don't we do it? I'm just about the other ideas, people. Get at them. Thank you so much, David.


You just described from your vantage point that performance from Kevin Dorean. Man, just historic, historic performance. He played the entire game. He barely missed. Got to the line. 17 rebounds. Ten assists. Three steals. Two blocks. 49 points.   We're down bodies. We're wounded. And for him to have the toughness, the mentality. You know, that's what makes him one of the all-time greats. And so this was a performance that, you know, a signature performance, you know, for Kevin and it was beautiful to watch. Alex Schiffer with the athletic. First, I'm just curious what the scene was like in the locker room after the game. Oh, yeah, everyone's excited to, to, you know, get game five, you know, we have the lead here and you know, we got a great opportunity to go up there and try to improve and play better and have a great game. So guys are excited. You know, obviously we struggled for large parts.   We even had a tough start to the second half. And we kind of implored them to, you know, to do what we've, what we've preached to them all year and they started to find it.  And we started to find, you know, a little more understanding offensively. Christian Wenfield with the New York Daily News. Hey, coach, you guys were down 17. I'm wondering if you saw just maybe a shift in Kevin's demeanor or just a shift in his approach, like what allowed him to go off from that point? And what allowed you guys? Sorry, Christian, I don't know why you're muted right now. Okay, I could only hear the first part of the question, but you know, I didn't, I didn't necessarily see a different demeanor from Kevin. You know, he, he was locked in from the start. He was just, we were trying to figure out how to play, you know, James back in the lineup, but you know, him not being feeling himself and trying to feel his way back into the game and our guys trying to feel their way. And so it took us a period of time, I think, to find some, some freedom out there as a group.   I think it took us a while to get there, but I don't think Kevin's demeanor changed. He just got, we got there and we started to make some plays and find some space and when he got to his spots, you know, obviously he's, he is what he is. He's, you know, one of the all-time greats. And so tonight he got, it took a while before we could really get him some momentum, but you know, he took it. Brian Lewis with the New York Post. This is two-fold, Steve. I'm wondering, A, what sort of emotional lift? Just having James back out there leading on the court, what kind of lift that gave the team? And secondly, was there anything tactical that you guys were able to change late third, early fourth that allowed you to get over the hump? Or was that just guys getting more comfortable playing with James again? It was a comfort. You know, they were doing more of the things we've been preaching and it took a while to get there. You know, I think it was difficult for everyone just to feel out the new dynamic, you know, without Kai with James. James not being, you know, the James we know, but wanting to help his teammates and soldiers through it. I think it took us a moment, a longer than a moment, but it took us a while before we could kind of find a cohesion. So just another thing that's been thrown at us and in the game tonight and we were fortunate enough to have the toughness I thought to stick with it. And they found, you know, a little bit of cohesion at the right time and we want to roll. Vincent Goodwell with the audio sports. Hey Steve, how did you feel like Kevin was reading the game early on? It felt like he was defending the realm and playing the passing lanes and then maybe just picked the perfect time to exert himself offensively as far as like conserving his injury in energy. Is that the way you saw it as well? I think that's some of it for sure. But I think, you know, we just want to play in a way that benefited any of us early. You know, we couldn't find a rhythm together. You know, we found it, but Kevin was great start to finish. We just couldn't give him enough opportunities early. And then we kind of figured some things out. I think we kind of got more to where we've been most of the year. But at first, you know, I thought he was locked in playing great, but we just weren't able to facilitate the opportunities that we were been preaching and working on. And in the end, we kind of got there, but he got on a roll obviously at the right time. We found a little bit more of an understanding together and gave him more of an opportunity to get on a roll. And that's where, you know, he took over the game. Greg Logan with Newsday. Steve, I apologize if you've been asked this, but when you guys were outscored badly in the paint in the first half because it was clear James couldn't, you know, get to the rim the way normally does. Was there a specific decision made to just start playing through Kevin in the third quarter? Yes and no. I mean, obviously, once you got it going, you know, we debate back and forth at times, you know, where we should get him the ball and how we can diversify that.  But at the end of the day, I think, you know, we kind of got for a big portion of that second half, we just stuck with Kevin. You know, having the ball handling the ball, bringing the ball up the court and playing through them. But, you know, we got a lot of different things that we can try to do. It's more about how much time do we have to feel comfortable with one another with all the changes and all the differences in a short period of time in the toughest time of the year. So, you know, we figured it out as the game went on, but it's a process we have to continue to grow. We have to continue to find that, you know, that place that we feel comfortable with, that we've played at most of the year, that we try to preach to them. And it's very difficult for the players in short notice with very little opportunity to run through it because they have to rest their legs and be prepared to get out of the court and give it the effort they gave it tonight. Tom Dowd with BrooklynNets.com. Hey Steve, Jeff Green tonight, how long was his shot making early while you guys were, like you said, still kind of searching for things a little bit? I mean, Jeff Green was unbelievable. I mean, incredible performance, kept us in the game for a long stretches of it where, you know, it could have got away from us and we weren't playing well. You know, he just, he didn't miss for a long, long time and kept us in it.  So, you know, Kevin's performance was historic, but Jeff's the one that, you know, kept us in the game for a long, long time. You're on Weizmann, Fox Sports. Hey Steve, the decision to play Kevin in 48 minutes, just the whole game, was that, I guess, when did that come about? What were the conversations like between you two? And just any part of you worried about the sustainability of that or in carrying this load going forward?  But we didn't play in 48, probably weren't winning tonight, so, you know, it's a tough decision and it's, it's an easy decision that's very tough to make. And so, I hate to put him in that position, but we talked through the game with him. We tried to find some, some different times to get timeouts and give him a spell.  So hopefully we can kind of settle things down and not have to play in the whole game next night. But, you know, that's part of what the playoffs is about, is finding ways to make it happen when things don't look good. And that was kind of the wild card that we threw out there tonight, was keeping him out there and just checking in with him, making sure he was okay. He was unbelievable to be able to handle that load and especially given his history and it's not a great feeling to put him in that position, but it's one that he wanted and, you know, it's one that we needed.


Johnny Dahlah. Army Tillson, Mr. Dahlah. Tillson? Oh, I see what's my new toy, Mr. Tillson. Oh, what's the problem? I want to be sure we don't pay out a lot of insurance. What kind? Straight life. Well, how much, Mr. Tillson? $1 million. Sure can. Bob Redick, in the exciting adventures of the man with the action-packed expense account, American's fabulous freelance insurance investigator, yours truly, Johnny Dahlah. I'm admitted by special investigator Johnny Dahlah to the Tri-Mutual Insurance Company Limited Union Town Office. Following is an account of expenses incurred during my investigation of the wrong sign matter. It was late afternoon when Harvey Tillson called me. It was a good deal later before I could arrange for some awkward plane connections from Hartford and New York to Pittsburgh, PA. Plane fare is item one, $29.40. Because of a long stopover in New York, it was gone by the time we hit the landing strip at the greater Pittsburgh airport. Item two is a $1.70 for some early breakfast. And item three is the usual $50 deposit on a rental car. I took my time driving 45 miles down Route 5 to Union Town. And there I found that Tillson's office is in the Fayette Title & Trust Building, which also houses radio station WMBS. By way of killing time until Harvey got into his office, I talked to some of the boys there at WMBS, including Bill 3 years of the news bureau. Anything in my line ever happened around these parts, Bill? Uh, like maybe Mrs. John Stacey, mine at the desk, wasn't so natural after all? Well, now what does that mean? Oh, come on now, darling. Why else would Harvey Tillson send for somebody like you? What are you saying that she was murdered? Well, wouldn't you murder an old man like that for a million dollars in shirt? I mean, if you could make sure they'd never be able to pin it on you, wouldn't you? Well, now, Bill... Well, I mean, I... Don't mean you, darling. Oh, thanks. Just who do you mean? I mean, that new secretary, that's Danny Pringle. Mrs. Minor's secretary? Yeah. Yeah, Danny Pringle. Handled her correspondence, her investments for stocks and bonds, pay to bills, that sort of thing. He was the only person, darling, who could possibly know everything, and I do mean everything about all her affairs. And Danny Pringle? Yeah, and if he didn't somehow persuade her, um, for her to change her will, at the last minute, and leave everything to him, I'll leave my shirt initial to know. You, uh, know that Pringle pretty well, Miss? Well, I know all I need to, about him, put it that way, unless you have no proof that he killed Mrs. Minor. Proof? No. No, but figure it out, darling. Why would a smart cookie like him tie up with a discrepital dowager like her in the first place? Now, he's not one of these lottie-doll male secretary types, if you know what I mean. Believe me. Maybe she paid him well. Huh? I mean, she. Don't kid yourself. She was so tight-cisted. Why do you know that her niece, Dora, Dora Minor, that's her only living relative, that Dora's had to play housekeeper and nurse and everything else for the old lady all these years and for nothing? And all because it saves the old lady a few bucks not having to hire a nurse? And Mrs. Minor has left Dora nothing? Not according to this new will, they found. Everything, Dora, and most of it's the insurance. Everything goes to Danny Pringle.  And to keep it from going to Dora, who really deserves it? Oh, Bill. Uh, yeah. Too much. Yeah, right. Thanks, Rod. Uh, Bill. Tell me, what is your beef against Danny Pringle? You really want to know again? Nothing. Nothing at all? It's just that... Well, if he gets away with this, if he gets all that money... Well, it's wrong, that's all. And that's all, huh? Well, what do you mean by that? Anything else to tell me about this thing, then? No. No, plenty. But I've got to do a news broadcast by Monty Aaron just a minute. Yeah, sure. Don't let me keep you. Yeah, listen now, after you've seen Harp Tilson, uh... Well, maybe you'll want to talk some more about this, huh? Yeah. Yeah. Maybe I will. Yes, darling, you're right. Bill has been working hard to get this Danny Pringle held from murder. I see. Why? Well, I agree with him. Pringle had plenty of reasons for wanting her dead. He made no bones about it. The only reason we took a job with that container is old Krillin was in the hope of latching onto some of her money. Most of it's insurance. Yeah, so I understand. And now that we've found out that she'd suddenly made a new will cutting off her lease, Dora. Well, for Harp, is there any real evidence that Bill could be right that Pringle might have killed Mrs. Minot? Dr. Hugo Besson, one of the finest pathologists in this part of the country, examined the body and said that she died of natural causes. Oh? Doesn't Bill know that? He knows it all right. Then why does he keep on accusing Danny Pringle? Dora. What? Bill is going to rob the Dora Minot. You see what? Well, I knew what he said. That's right. Cutting off Dora. Yeah. Leaving me a stake. Mostly insurance to... Yeah, wait a minute. Well? In love with Dora Minot, in spite of the fact that he thought she was going to inherit a million bucks or so. Or because of it. Oh, now, darling. So didn't Bill have or think he had a good reason for wanting Mrs. Minot out of the way? Oh, now, wait a minute, Don. Are you saying that Bill Freese killed Mrs. John Minot to marry Dora and get his hands on the insurance? That's a possibility, isn't it? If. If what? Well, if Dr. Besson hadn't said that she died of natural causes. You could be wrong, couldn't you? Yes, I suppose so. Well, what are you planning to do? Right now, let's forget about murder for a minute. In a way, you've implied... No, no, I haven't implied a thing. But as long as Bill Freese thought Mrs. Minot was going to leave the insurance to her niece. And as long as Bill figured on marrying Dora. Still does, I'd say. He had just as much reason for wanting the old lady out of the way as Danny Pringle had. Right? Well, I suppose so. Unless. Unless, of course. Bill somehow knew that she had changed her beneficiary. Well, nobody knew about that new woman till the day Mrs. Minot died. Not even Dora? Not even Dora! You wouldn't know after all of the bulk of her money is in the insurance policy. The policy states that the beneficiary is to be the heir to her estate. As specified in her will. I see. She voted herself, by the way. Oh. Yep. She'd pecked it out on a typewriter all by herself. Then she'd signed it. Had it witnessed by a cleaning woman and her husband. And that was then. Could you have checked to see if it would hold up in court? Yes. I checked it out with an attorney at company expense. And that willed dollar had named only Dora. But now there's a new one. Yes. Naming Danny Pringle as the sole heir. It just doesn't make sense. Dora cared for her. Nurse turned wrong for years. Was the only person who deserved to sing for Mrs. Minot. So what if she ended up with a slap in the face? Where'd you find the new will? Dora found it. Where? In the safety deposit box at the bank. It was listed in both their names. Well, I thought those boxes would automatically seal when somebody died.  Well, it sounds like she was going for the old lady's insurance too. Well, could you blame her? She deserved a dollar. Still does. Anyhow, when she found this new will, she was so upset by the way she was cut off with nothing that she brought it to me and asked what could be done about it. I had to tell her nothing. What I'd like to have done was tell her to burn it up and say nothing about it because it's wrong. The dollar is all wrong. Then don't tell me you're kind of sweet on Dora too. I am not, but I do believe in justice. Don't you see, unless this new will is a phony, a forgery, and it isn't, Daddy Pringle's going to walk off with over a million dollars that ought to go to Dora. Unless that new will is a phony. Where? In the hands of an attorney appointed by the court to handle the estate. But when she brought it here to show me, I made a quick photo stat. You'd like to see it? Yes. Yes, I said I would. All right. Here. And here. Here's a stat of the earlier will. Yes. Pretty lousy typing down both of them. I told you, she pecked them out herself. And her fingers were all cramped up with arthritis these past few years. But you can see the typing is the same. Including the same repeated errors. It's funny she didn't let Pringle type out this later one for her. After all, I was his job. And as long as she was linking everything to him. Well, apparently for some reason or other, she wanted to keep it from him. At least he claims he had no inkling. She was leaving him everything. Well, that doesn't seem likely, does it? Well, who knows with an eccentric old buddy like her. The point is she made out both wills herself. You see the signatures? Not only hers, but the witnesses match perfectly on both documents. That's true. And these witnesses. Marjorie Durkin. John Durkin. Marjorie came in to do the heavy cleaning for her once a week. Not much good, but after all, Mrs. Meinert only paid her two or three bucks a day. And did you lose her? She has any idea why Mrs. Meinert made this change. First thing I thought of, Donna. But I found out that the Durkins died about a month ago. Hit and run. Going home one night. Well, hit and run, I don't know. When was that, I don't know. November 7th. I see. What? Well, it was only a couple of days after this new letter was made. It's funny. Well, it's certainly nothing to get suspicious about. Isn't it? Is it? Well, what's wrong, you said? Oh, sure. By the way, nobody can prove they didn't witness a second will. Oh, look. If one of these was a phony, this last one, but every look at them, and the police agree, not only the signatures, but even the floppy typing. And typing wouldn't be hard to imitate provided the same machine was used. Now, Harve. Yeah, tell me this. Yeah, Dora. Yeah. Did she buy any chance kind of goal for this Danny Pringle? She did not. Those two hated each other. And I told you that she and Bill Freeze are practically engaged. Harve, tell me this. What? Is Dora broken up over the death of her aunt? She is not. She isn't. No, don't get me wrong, Dora. She's a nice girl. She started out nursing Mrs. Minard out of pity for her. Started out? Yeah. And then when the old crow wouldn't let her go and became more demanding, more abusive, well, I'm sure that Dora would be the first to admit that she stayed on in the hope of some reward when Mrs. Minard died. She'd been told about the first will, but she didn't know about the new one. Not until she opened that safety party box. Anything else, Harve? That's the whole story. Okay. I guess you're right. There's something very fishy about this whole thing. There certainly is. And with over a million dollars involved, maybe this last will is a phony. I don't see how it possibly could be. But if it isn't, if Mrs. Minard was murdered, in spite of what Dr. Besson said, well, it kind of looks as though I have three people to work on, doesn't it? Danny Pringle, Bill Freer, and Dora Minard. I discussed Mrs. Minard's death with the police. And they politely suggested that instead of wasting their time, I talked with Dr. Hugo Besson. Since Mrs. Minard had been alone at the time of her death, he'd been authorized to make a routine autopsy. But his autopsy, the doctor told me, had been far from routine. That is, after he'd found out about the new and completely unexpected will. The result? Mrs. Minard died of natural causes. Period. End of any question of murder.  Fortunately, the only one there when I arrived was Dora Minard's niece. She was in her late 20s, I'd say, tall, good-looking blonde. Please forgive the dirty apes, Mr. Dollar. That's quite all right. I've been trying to get things straight and out around this old barn, now that Aunt Minard's gone. And do you know something? I've been poking around rooms I've never been in before. Well, I thought you'd been taking care of Mrs. Minard for some years, Dora. Oh, I have. In the mistaken belief, there'd be some recompense that all the ones. Oh. I shouldn't talk about it, Mr. Dollar. I mean the way I've been thinking. And please don't ask me to talk about Mr. Daniel Pringle. No, why not?  Oh, easy. Oh, easy around. Just want to get some cigarettes. And you'll stay around too until things are all settled, just to make sure I don't walk off with something he doesn't want to give me, or the goodness of his heart. As though he had a heart. Please, I... I don't want to talk about it. Didn't you ask me how come I haven't seen some of the rooms in this house before? Did I? Look. Look at these keys. A different lock on every room in the house. And she kept these tied to her waist. Kept them under the pillow at night. But you're not a king of the safe deposit box. Only because she didn't trust Daniel Pringle. And somebody had to be able to go and check it some things. I found the new will folded up in a stock certificate. So that's how it got on the safe deposit box. What? Where was the first will kept? Oh, I think in a file here in this room. I think... Mr. Pringle produced it to show the date when the police were here. Do you want to look for it? Is this... how can I find it? Oh, no. No, that's Mr. Pringle. And if he comes back and finds it, I've unlocked the door to this room of his. Maybe we'd better leave now. Well, I mean, you don't use this machine. Oh, never. You'd have a fit. Besides, this is the first time I've been in here. And isn't this room a mess? But Mrs. Minert could get in. Oh, yes. She told me that she wrote her will on this machine. I mean, the first one that was to leave me everything. But why she had to go and write another and only after she knew that she was going to die? Yes, I could tell you why, daughter. What business have you here in my room? Who is this man? Get out of here, both of you. You're afraid we might find something incriminating, Pringle? Incriminating? Don't be absurd. Who are you? Johnny Dollar, special investigator for the insurance company. Oh, here are my credentials. Oh. Oh, I see. Now, of course, I can't even get a search warrant if necessary. Not at all necessary, Mr. Dollar. Of course not, and you don't mind if I look around. Not at all. Please help yourself. I'm afraid things aren't a bit of a mess, though. I never watched you good at filing and that sort of thing. You wouldn't tell me why Mrs. Minert suddenly decided to leave everything to you. Was I? Well, it was entirely unexpected, I must say. Now, I'll bet it was. Now, Dora. But go ahead, tell him. I'd like to hear it, too. Well, it's really quite simple, Mr. Dollar. I took this job to get what I could out of the old girl. I thought she was richer than she was. I have a certain amount of, well, charm for people like her. It's worked before, and I thought it was. It has. Yes, it has. And I thought it might work with her. You rotten... Well, it didn't. Nothing could charm that eccentric old crackpot, so I planned to leave her.  More than that, I repented. Mr. Dollar, that's the most... That's the biggest... Now, just wait now, Dora. I believe Mrs. Minert realized how I changed in my feelings toward her, that she appreciated it and that she took this way to show her appreciation. Mr. Dollar, that's a lie. Now, Dora... You know it is, Pringle. Can you prove that? Isn't there a new will that you found that I didn't even know about? Isn't that proof that I'm telling the truth? Oh, tell me just one thing, Pringle. Certainly. Could anyone else have used this typewriter of yours, and I'm assuming it's the one used to write those wills? I'm certain that she used my machine, Mr. Dollar. Could anyone else have used it? No. No one else could possibly have come in here. No one else could have used this typewriter, except Mrs. Minert, of course, and myself. You're absolutely sure of that. Yes. And the police examination showed that both wills were typed on it. Therefore, only she could have written the new one. Wrong. What? I saw those wills the same typographical errors. Well, that's true. The same signature is exactly the same. I held the photostatic copies up to the light, one on top of the other. The signatures matched perfectly, both of them. Of course. Of course not, Pringle. What are you talking about? It's impossible for anyone to write a signature, even his own name, write it twice, exactly the same. Mr. Dollar. It's utterly impossible. Well, you're wrong. You must be wrong. Well, try it. Here. Try it. Now, listen. Not even your own name. Now, look here. So you wrote a new will naming you as the sole beneficiary. You traced the signature as both of them. Well, you don't know what you're talking about. Then you realized that you'd have to get rid of the witnesses. To the first will, John and Marjorie Durkin, so they couldn't deny having signed the second one. They didn't learn them.  Yes, I did. Mr. Dollar. But you'll never live to tell it. Oh, put that gun down. Oh, whatever's hiding, Dora. Oh, come on, Pringle. You don't think I'd come here alone, do you, without the police? What? All right, Sergeant. Here he is for you. Oh, wait. No. That's right. Pringle. What police? What are you talking about? The oldest gag in the world, Dora. But amateur still fall for it. I'll give a statement to us. I hope they do hear the murder of the Durkin about him. As for that second will, it can't be genuine, simply because of those two sets of absolutely identical signatures. Expense account total, including the fare back to Hartford, 129.30. Yours truly, Johnny Dollar. I'll treat you to that tobacco, the better it tastes, and the better. Welcome aboard. Treat yourself to a pack of new King-sized Philip Morris commanders. See what a difference cleaner tobacco makes in your smoking pleasure. You see, commanders are made on a new machine, the Mark 8, that takes fine, rich tobacco and gently vacuum cleans it. What does that mean to you? It means new King-sized Philip Morris commanders have the cleanest tobacco ever rolled in a cigarette, and the cleaner the tobacco, the better it tastes. Noticeably better. Why don't you try a pack and sing for yourself? Welcome aboard. Now, here is our star to tell you about next week's story. A first word for radio station WKAT. It's the new CBS radio-affiliated station in Miami, Florida. We're glad to have them with us on the network. To have them provide the people of greater Miami with a different sound of CBS radio's outstanding program. Welcome WKAT. Next week, a storybook murder that suddenly comes true. Join us, won't you? Yours truly, Johnny Dollar. Be sure to join us next week. Same time and station for another exciting story of Yours truly, Johnny Dollar. This is our tennis speaker. Have a happy habit, Sunday through Friday. Author, Godfrey Time on the CBS radio network. When can you get a nationally famous new stereo console photograph and a record library for Christmas at half price? When its Columbia's Christmas bonus special now featured at Music House, 217 King's Highway, Haddonfield, New Jersey. Here's the legitimate $295 value for only $148.88. You get a famous Columbia stereo console photograph with four-speed stereo record changer, long-life diamond needle, famous Columbia CD cartridge and six great speakers in a luxurious decorator-style cabinet. Plus, a six-record stereo library featuring famous recording stuff. And that's worth $35 itself. By special arrangement with Columbia, Music House at 217 King's Highway in Haddonfield, New Jersey is able to offer this $295 value for half price. Only $148.88 for the stereo console and record library. Come into the Music House 217 King's Highway in Haddonfield soon and collect your Columbia Christmas bonus special. Quantities are limited and this big bonus value is moving fast. WCAU, WCAU FM, Philadelphia. Hager League Baseball in the Sportsarama spotlight with straight from the shoulder talk about our national pastime. April 6th, the first Sportsarama program with red barber on the CBS radio network.


Hey guys, real is the game near and happy Halloween to everybody. No, I didn't dress up this year.  Yes, you guys could hate me because I didn't dress up, which I kind of wanted to, but I didn't have like any idea of what to dress up as. Oh, I just let the days go by and I didn't get a costume. Well, that was that. Maybe next year I'll definitely go all out and get an awesome costume. OK, so we're right here in the creepy elevator because there has been a massive Halloween update. Look at this place. Oh my God. Oh, dude, look Frankenstein has a jet pack. What would have known Frankenstein could fly in the jet pack? Oh my God, there's ghosts and Frankenstein roaming around here. My God, that looks creepy, yo. OK, so I'm taking this update. It looks pretty neat. Oh, look, we have some more. So we hear a skeleton, a ghost, a headless horseman and the Frankenstein. OK, so let's go in here. It was a spider man. And we got the squad here, man. We got V.Y.I.G.O, Blazer, Spider-Man, and golly to Axel, Sada and Navarney. Yo, what's up, guys? OK, ritual. Oh, no, Annabelle. And also, guys, they have, like, reworked, like, so many floors and killers in this game. So we should be expecting some new looks in this. This should be epic. Oh my God, Annabelle's right here on the table. Satan's Bible. Oh my God. Oh my God, OK, they're doing a ritual with Annabelle. Oh! Oh, she just jumped out of the chair. Yo, V.Y., what are you doing up there?  He is flying up there. OK, let's try to mess around with Annabelle.  Dude, let's stop with her laugh, though.  Oh, I kind of want to get jumpscared by her because she sounds creepy. Did you hear her scream? OK, you know what? Oh, I was going to run to her to get the jumpscare. OK, so let's check out the elevator. Look at this, it has little lights with skeletons. Look at that pumpkins. Oh, there's a giant spider back there. I know a lot of people are terrified of spiders. And I'm one of them, man. And that is one terrifying spider. No, we got an arm sticking out. Well, the arm sticking out of the wall of the elevator must be a zombie trying to eat our brains. Oh my God. Oh, look. Oh, wow, they reworked this map, too. Dude, this thing looks awesome. Oh, what is that over here? I sound like a block spinning. What? What was that? I think it gave me points. I don't know. Let's go back over here. Dude, this thing caught on fire. Oh my God, Herobrine, and he has a sword. He has a diamond sword with them. Find the chicken. Oh, there's a chicken. Where's the chicken at? I want me some chicken. Oh, the chicken's right here.  Can I eat it? I want me chicken nuggets now, man.  He's getting stopped by people. Oh my God, OK, Herobrine. I need to chat with their music. It is like some bass boosted and distorted. Oh my God, nice. I think the music for Herobrine is way scary here, than Herobrine himself. It is so loud. Oh my God, OK, let's see what costumes you got in this elevator. You got the spooky scary skeleton here. We got someone right here. Seems like he's a student or something, or a principal. But he looks fancy. Oh, I like how every time there's a new floor, you see that thunder. Slender Man, where are you? Oh, there he is. No, why did you chase me? Oh my God, OK, whatever, Slender Man. If you want to get your ankles broken, well, follow me. Dude, OK, there he is. What is he doing? He was trying to climb the tree. Oh, you guys see Slender Man right there? You can barely see him. My God, that was so loud. OK, oh, look, all the killers are right here. My God, why is the picture so tiny? I have to really squint to see them. OK, easy, medium, hard, event special. OK, so there's some event ones and special ones, clearly. Yo, what's up? What's up, man? Let's go back in here. Come on. Slender! Oh my God, that was so close. We get it out of that elevator, man. Oh my goodness. Oh, man, I'm digging this up there a lot. OK, oh, look, we got Blazer. He's always dressed up as Jason. And then he's dressed up as SCP-35, I believe. That's SCP-35 if I'm not found out wrong. Yo, what's up, man? Evil Nun. Oh, did they add Evil Nun? Oh, underground. My God, and guys, don't ask about this baby, OK?  And make sure to slap the like button for the baby so he can stay happy. OK, so let's go check out this underground. Oh, it's the Keeter SCP, right? The last Keeter, 939. There you go. Where is he at? OK, so as we see every map that we've been getting, it has been reworked, which is neat. OK, so where is this SCP at? There's like some giant dinosaur. We can't. Oh my God, there's blood spilling out of the wall right there. That's pretty neat. Oh, let's go down here. OK, where is this taking us? Hello, anybody home? Dude, where's the SCP? Where is he at? He like ran away, man. OK, I don't know where he is, or maybe they deleted the model. I don't know, it can be either one of them. OK, let's add this guy, just because I have two more spots to add people.  Oh, wait, is that a staff? Oh, yeah, like they have like new potions. Oh, I have the gauntlet. I can smack people. Take that, Frank and Queenie. OK, seven, what is this? Oh, we turned into a giant monster thing, whatever this is. Oh, my God, what is this thing? OK, it's like a stronger, bigger vision of Frankenstein. I don't know. What is this? Oh, is this laughing Tyler Jack? Oh, no, it's Samara. Where is she at? It's so dark out here, bro. I'm scared. But there she is. Let's go mess around with her. Hey, get off of the elevator, Blazer. Oh, my God, dude, he's just running in circles. That is called scales right there, man. Oh, look at the pumpkins. I just, no, I just noticed them. Oh, my God, she was right in our face.  My God, can you stop screaming so loud? No, I did not want to get jumpscared by her. She screams so loud, yo. Oh, all right, let's go, nice. Dude, Mara has to chill. She'd be screaming all up in everybody's face like it's cool, man. That is not cool at all, Samara. Because some people don't like that. All right, let's see what's up over here. Look at this hand. I'm really digging this Halloween theme. SCP test. What? What is this? I've never seen this one. Oh, test. It's the actual facility. OK, so we got the potato here. Open the door. Let the potato lose. There he is.  Guys, do not get near him. Even though he is a little cute, he is very deadly.  I will not do that, man.  OK, whatever, let's see. Hey, Mr. Peanut. Dude, he's just standing there. What? OK, I think he wants a hug. Give me a hug, buddy. I know how. I know how you feel in here. Oh, my God, OK, let's go over here. Let's go check out the rest of the place. Can you go in here? Oh, you can't. OK, so the doors lie. Everything's a lie, like always. Let's keep it moving. Ooh, nice, Gigi. We survived that. So far, I give this update a two thumbs up, man. It's pretty legit. Oh, oh, oh. Oh, God, I don't play ACP games. Neither do I, but I mean, I learned all the ACPs through Roblox. Oh, gosh. Oh, Granny's house. Oh, please don't let it be invisible, Granny. I see you, yes, you see us, but we can't see you. Oh, there she is. OK, she's not invisible. Dude, she's just swinging away, like she's at a batting cage and just swinging away right now. Oh, God, dude, she has hops. OK, she can jump all the way up here. How in the world can she jump so high? She is an old lady, man. Oh, my God, look at her. No, leave me alone. She's smacking the poor baby. Leave the baby alone. OK, can't get up there. OK, let's try this one more time. Oh, there you go. Oh, look, they opened the door right here. It used to be closed. Oh, Slenderina's not here. I wish they would have Slenderina right there. That would be cool. Be careful with the trap there, my boy. You do not want to step on that. Oh, look, Blaze is up here. What's up, Blazer? They still haven't added in the spider room. Come on, I want to see the spider. He's creepy, yo. Like, that thing is 100% creepy. Oh, doctor. OK, let's see what's up with this doctor right here. Mom's spaghetti. Who touched my spaghetti? Oh, the SCP, the doctor. Well, I don't think the doctor has his name. There you go. It's, oh, SCP-49, the witch doctor.  Oh, what was it? OK, it was that red coin. Oh, my God, he scared me, V.Y. I thought you were the SCP. Well, he is dressed as an SCP. Oh, my God, OK, let's go back down here. OK, what are we doing? Plague doctor, there you go. I like to call him witch doctor because it triggers everybody. Oh, my God, he's in there. Let's get the badge. No, leave me alone. Oh, my God, we barely managed to get out of there. That was too close, guys. It is my duty in life. Dude, this guy is just evil overall, huh? My God, what a menacing witch plague doctor. What do you think? What do you have to say about that, little baby? Department. OK, I believe this is a new floor. Oh, it's cream or ghost face. Oh, my God, OK, let's grab these coins. Oh, my God, look at the TV. What are you watching? What are you watching, Mr. Cream? Oh, you can't go out there. Oh, my God, there's so much blood under the bed. What have you done? Oh, my God, there he is. Ghost face, come over here. All right, let's stay in the elevator. Let's look at him through here. Where is he? Oh, they froze him. How do you freeze him? Dude, he's still killing people when he was frozen. Oh, that dude just stomped all over him. Yo, my boy, you good, man? What? He got me. How in the world did he get me? That was out of the what to say there, man. Let's go over here. Oh, no, wait, what is this VIP? OK, let's check out the VIP. Mario, S666, Jeff the Killer. Oh, 200 health.  OK, that's the elevator. What is that? G-O-D. OK, there's more morphs out here. Oh, Freddy Fazbear, Pizzeria. Let's go grab some pizza, guys. I'm a little hungry right now. Oh, my God, he's right there creeping. Yo, close the door on that, dude. Do not let him come in here. I am back from my hormony toilet. Boy. The dude. Oh, no, he vanished. There he is. Oh, OK. Oh, my God, let's get out of there. Dude, it is so small here. Oh, my God. OK, hopefully we don't get caught up by Freddy Fazbear. No. Oh, my God, OK, nice. What is he doing? Yo, chill out, man. Oh, God. Let's go, go, go. This guy is on a rampage. Oh, my goodness. That was crazy. What's up, man? Oh, look at his hat. Wait, that's the one. And that was the hat for Roblox's birthday, right? Oh, the anniversary. I forgot, man. It was a while ago. Pocket dimension. This sounds new. Oh, what? Dude, we just fell. OK. I don't know if that was supposed to happen, but we just fell. But let's go check it out. Let's go check out the floor. OK, what? I guess that was supposed to happen. It's this creep. Oh, it's that crusty SCP. It locked us out. This is not fair. All right, so we got locked out of the floor. I don't know, man. Well, say goodbye, Tweeter. There you go, little buddy. All right, you guys, well, thank you guys for watching. Thank you guys for the amazing support. If you guys enjoyed the video, make sure to slap the like button for your boy if you're new to the channel. Make sure to subscribe. Turn the notification bell on, and I will see you guys in the next one. Bye. And remember to stay spooky.


Utilized and absorbed by the body. They both have... What do they have, you f**king d**k? What's going on guys, Zach Pernier here. And today I'm gonna talk about the differences between the two proteins, OxiWay Lean and Isopep Zero. So basically, OxiWay is a weight loss lifestyle protein designed to replace meals or just have throughout the day, whereas Isopep is your perfect post-workout protein. Now the major difference between these two is the rate at which they're absorbed and utilized by your body. So OxiWay is a premium blend comprising of weight protein isolate, weight protein concentrate, and casein, basically meaning it has a three-tier absorption system. So it has a fast-digesting protein and a slow one, meaning it'll keep you fuller for longer and also improve satiety. That's why it's so good for weight loss. So OxiWay also has a lot of other ingredients to maximize its effectiveness as a fat-burning protein, such as metabolism boosters, MCT oils, digestive enzymes, and mood enhancers, because someone's gonna get a little bit grumpy if all they're eating is lettuce. Now, but then we have Isopep Zero. Now, Isopep Zero is partially predigested, meaning it is rapidly broken down by the body, making it the perfect post-workout protein. Now, Isopep doesn't need any of the added digestive enzymes in it due to the extremely thorough filtration and hydrolysis process, leaving almost zero lactose detectable, making it the perfect post-workout protein. Now, if you guys wanna go flavors, my favorite is OxiWay in vanilla. That's my all-time favorite protein. I have this before bed during the day, smoothies, whatever it is. And Isopep, I love chocolate in a butter, but also the chocolate is just absolutely amazing. So guys, I hope you enjoy. Let me know what you think and see you in the next one.  And now, on the other hand, Isopep Zero is already predigested. So it's broken down, which means you can absorb it. Now, this one doesn't need any of the digestive enzymes due to the thorough processing.  Now, Isopep doesn't need any of the added digestive.  Utilized and absorbed by the body. Both have...


Look, there's nothing on the other side of it. We've made it. We're at the top. But we can't even. The guy at the door didn't say anything about a rock hill. He said the top was a plateau, a snow field, where the glacier started. Come over here. Look. There's the snow field down there. You mean... He never really reached the top. It's a double-teeth and he never even saw this first. We're the first to climb Latino. What if that's true? He'd be light about it. Find something that occurred to you. Can't be no... Yeah. He could be darling. His body was never found and with his face gone, no one would recognize him. He got the job here at the weather station. He's been living here to protect his feet. And he killed my father. We can get him up here. What are we going to do about him? Our first job is going to be to get down. The last leg, darling. Here's the west wall out. The snickers go past it. Look at that beard. The skins he's wearing. The stone-tipped spear in his hands. There's the God whom the natives tell legends about. A prehistoric hunt. It was frozen in the glaciers. A hundred thousand years. Then if we can get him out, get him back to civilization. We will. They'll come up here tomorrow at Ferguson. And I'll start down the rope. Wait for me on that ledge just below there. Coming, stand clear. The ledge is the mouth of a cave. And back there, look. Metal cylinder. Liquid air. So that's it. That's how Scotty died. I don't understand. Your father brought them up here to freeze and preserve anything he might find in the glaciers. Like that hunter. When Scotty climbed up here yesterday, garland sprayed the stuff on him. He was dead frozen solid before he hit the ground. Fast. Let's get out of here fast. Come on down the rope. Yes, sir, but you come too, it'll hold us both. All right, come on. Easy. The rope's swaying badly. The team has to be slipping. You're not slipping. I am unkind. The man is catching up. He's up on top of the cliff. Garland. Garland, don't stop. Oh, you know who I am. And you probably guessed the rest. That I lied to the cops. And I killed Clarence, Scotty, with Peter from discovering it.  Dolan, I haven't seen it. It's my mountain. Mine. While I live, the world will go on speaking that I was the only one that ever played it.  One down, three down. What's left? I never left. It's shouting like that started it. It's going up. It's coming down the snow field. What happened to Dolan? Swept him over the edge. He's down there under a million tons of ice. They're on that ledge. Look. The one the hunter frozen in the glaciers had an exchange. The avalanche officer carried him down, too. That she knows has finally come down from the mountain. He had to wait there. Frozen in the ice for a hundred thousand years. But he finally got his quarry. Dolan. It was the tale of the hunter from beyond. The hunter from before time and history. Of course you've heard other stories when it took a long time to bring a criminal to justice. Have you ever heard one before where someone waited a hundred thousand years to get down there? Patients may be a virtue in some things, Raymond, but certainly a...


I just started a D&D campaign with a guy who's playing as a wizard who specializes in prophecy. You know, for the foreseeable future. In the mid-80s, futurist and entrepreneur Paul Satho developed a mantra that he spread through Silicon Valley in numerous company cultures. Strong opinions, weakly, or loosely held. The saying was intended to combat a fairly common problem for startups, the indecision and paralysis that comes from uncertainty about the future. Rather than sitting around waiting for enough information to be confident about which course of action would be best, Satho suggested that the quickest way to get to a decent prediction was to hammer out a tentative forecast as quickly as possible, however flawed or incomplete, and then test, amend, and refine it with analysis and criticism. The aim was to rapidly develop good predictive models by laying out an assertion, any assertion, with the implicit understanding that it was to be questioned, debated, and amended to get to something better. Redesigning the user interface from scratch is going to make the project late. Well, we did it on that one project a couple years ago. True, but we went with a very simple design and we were working weekends. Right, we may be able to do it before the ship date if we're willing to crunch and if the client approves a fairly simple design. Of course, as with many pithy phrases that contain a kernel of wisdom, strong opinions weakly held has been used as a justification for all sorts of behavior, not all of it in keeping with Satho's original intent. Several authors have noted that, well, teams may aspire to dispassionate analysis of ideas, regardless of whose ideas they are. There's often other factors at play that dictate which ones get scrutinized more closely. When the boss makes some prediction, even if it's just a jumping off point for discussion, it might take an awful lot of conviction and gumption for an intern to voice any doubts about it, even if those doubts are well founded. While a junior member of staff might float an idea that gets torn to shreds in short order, anchoring bias also has a substantial effect on these discussions, where the first idea voiced will inevitably color the group's evaluation of the one's following. In its worst form, strong opinions weakly held can be hijacked as a convenient defense for blowhards, people who like to have opinions, loudly, over and over, without any acknowledgement that their statements are unsubstantiated or possibly even damaging. If chastisers are confronted about these assertions, they can simply claim to be making strong speculations as per the mantra, ready and willing to change their minds if anyone cares to do the work to refute those statements. Look, I'm just throwing stuff out there to see what sticks.  I'm not certain about it. If you show me some photos, I'll happily back down. It's just a strong opinion weakly held. No reason to get worked up. Sappho's goal is an admirable one, and many business owners have attributed some amount of their success to his lesson about getting a good enough predictive model by seizing the first crappy one that comes to mind and iterating away its obvious shortcomings. If that's all that you need, and it works for you, great. But I have an amendment that might make that process even faster and more accurate. Maybe. In 1964, analyst Sherman Kent submitted a paper to Studies in Intelligence, a peer reviewed journal covering subjects of interest in national intelligence agencies like the CIA or MI5. The paper, Words of Estimative Probability, was ignored by those agencies, despite detailing some significant failings that might have easily been avoided with a tiny shift in how they communicated about uncertainty. One example Kent cited was a 1951 report to Big Wigs in the US State Department about the possibility of a Soviet invasion of Yugoslavia. The report concluded with the statement, although it is impossible to determine which course the Kremlin is likely to adopt, we believe that the extent of satellite, military, and propaganda preparations indicates that an attack on Yugoslavia in 1951 should be considered a serious possibility. That's a sobering warning to be sure. But days later in an informal conversation with an official who had read the report, Kent was asked to put a number on that estimate. His best guess as to the percentage chance that the USSR would invade. He put the odds around 65%. The official was astonished, saying that just about everyone in the department had interpreted serious possibility as a substantially lower number. Now curious, Kent went back to his colleagues who had co-authored the report and asked each of them the same question, and was dumbfounded to find little or no consensus. The estimates for what serious possibility meant ranged from 20% to 80%. This sort of ambiguity undermines the entire enterprise of quantitative risk assessment and analysis. If you spend months working incessantly with classified documents, dossiers, and satellite images trying to tease out the likely course of world events, and your final judgment on the matter can be interpreted as anything from one in five to four out of five, why even bother? Just say it's a serious possibility and knock off early for lunch. Instead, Kent suggests a set of standard terms to communicate the probability of an event happening or not happening unambiguously. For example, if you put the odds at around 75%, he suggests using the word probable. If it's a coin toss either way, even chances. If you say something is almost certainly not going to happen, its likelihood should be on the order of 2% to 12%. Of course, you're probably not an intelligence analyst, or should I say you're almost certainly not an intelligence analyst. But Kent's recommendation for disambiguating uncertainty seems to have useful corollaries for Sappho's stated goal of rapidly developing fairly accurate predictive models. It seems right that having a concrete starting point makes it easier to develop a decent model quickly, especially compared to an endless cycle of requesting more and more data to try and eliminate uncertainty. However, Sappho's original paradigm of strong opinions weekly held, at least as it's usually practiced, doesn't encourage any fine-grained evaluation of odds. The opinions generally take the form of bold pronouncements without any indication of confidence. X will happen. This might be a useful starting point for a discussion, but an even more useful starting point might be something like, I'm 75% sure that X will happen. Not only is this framing less ambiguous, inviting critique of both predicted outcomes and their relative likelihoods, it very naturally invites speculation and fine adjustments of those ideas in a way that strongly stated opinions don't. It's certainly possible for a team to work hard and diligently train themselves to interpret pronouncements of strong opinion in a particular way, to internalize a culture of treating statements as invitations for criticism and dialogue in a way that might cause exasperation in any other context. But acknowledging and quantifying the uncertainty inherent in a prediction seems like a much shorter path to that sort of open discourse. When I hear someone say something like, I put the odds at like 30% that this ships on time if we redesign the UI. My mind immediately engages with the problem as it really is, a prediction of likelihood. I start thinking about the variables involved that might lead someone to that estimate and comparing them to my own intuitions. If I think that number's low, that line of inquiry flows very easily into exploring why our mental models differ so much and how to synchronize them. In a world of pandemics and wildfires and all sorts of poorly understood, rapidly changing situations, uncertainty has become a much more prominent feature in how we interact with our environment. Many people struggle to view the future in terms of estimates and probabilities. If you tell them that wearing a mask makes it 90% less likely that they'll accidentally infect someone, they'll still press for some sort of hard and fast guarantee that it either will or won't work, unwilling to engage with the problem or change their beliefs or behavior unless the uncertainty is eliminated. It's certainly easier to parse a strong opinion as being either right or wrong when it either does or doesn't come to pass. But I think that stating predictions in terms of estimative probability might be a quicker and more effective way to draw people into the process of predicting and revising odds. I'm like 75% sure of it. What about you? Have you participated in either sort of guessing about the future? Have you had any strong opinions weekly health? Please leave a comment below and let me know what you think. Thank you very much for watching. Don't forget to- Don't forget to blah, blah, subscribe, blah, share.   That's not very nice. I'm sorry. I didn't mean anything by that. It's just that I know literally everything that you know plus a little bit more. Okay, fair enough. I was thinking of doing a retrospective video for episode 200 where I watched some of the old episodes and do some sort of commentary on them. Everybody who's watching this right now should go to the link in the description and select five episodes that they'd really like for me to watch, reflect on, comment on, maybe cringe at. Yeah, what what he said. Yeah, it'll be fun. Maybe.


Hi, I'm Diana Ibrahim with Cal-O-E-S and April is Earthquake Preparedness Month. It's important to know all the facts so you can be prepared for the next big one. Hi Diana, so earthquakes can only happen in specific parts of California, right? No, actually earthquakes can happen anywhere. It's essential to recognize that no area is entirely immune to shaking. Head to myhazards.cal-o-e-s.ca.gov today to see how severely your home could be impacted. So, aren't earthquakes predictable? Unfortunately, scientists haven't quite developed the technology to predict earthquakes with pinpoint accuracy. The best we can do now is make sure your emergency alerts are turned on in your phone, or download the My Shake app to give you life-saving seconds before shaking starts. Doorways are the best place to be when an earthquake hits, actually, building experts have debunked this myth. We here at Cal-O-E-S proactively recommend to practice drop, cover, and hold on. No matter what, make a plan, sign up for alerts at earthquake.ca.gov because when shaking starts, seconds matter. To see more from us, head to news.cal-o-e-s.ca.gov and follow us on all of our social media channels.


to speak here. The public turn in my title I am addressing of course we're doing outreach already for quite some decades, a fantastic example we just heard, but on the other hand there are still parts of archaeology that are not open to to participation of the broader public and so I will address metal detection most of it. What will I take with these of the Netherlands is a project where we gather objects found by private metal detection but I will argue a bit why we do that and why I think that deserves to be followed because opening up archaeology on many other fields that are still now closed and just managed by professionals is I think a good response to the current trend of mistrust against academics in times of Brexit, fake news and Trumpism, science and especially the alpha sciences are increasingly seen as elitist and taking up money consuming resources so to frame it more positive on the other hand there is this challenge to democratize science and of course archaeology so this democratization has three pillars the sharing, open access publication, anyone should be able to access it, it should not be behind the paywall, explaining outreach to the public and then well not in the easy way really by specialists who know how to bring this to the public in their own language and third is participation, doing research is not a monopoly of professionals. In the field of history heritage and archaeology this takes the form of the question who owns the past and implicit of course the answer is it's not owned by the professionals we're not the only one entitled to write up what our history was and already in 1952 UNESCO devoted papers to this and the human rights article 27 actually states the right to research but going in the different direction was the effect of not the meaning of course not the intention but the actual effect of La Valeta was an increasing professionalization a huge professional sectors and in the Netherlands there were for instance regulations that this task should be done by an archaeologist of this level and private people were actually for a time not able to participate in excavations. Attention for non-professionals returned at Faro and participatory heritage is luckily now a key term also in governmental circles so the case of metal detection archaeologists in many countries are opposed to it and that is partly because of our principle of preservation in situ later research is more affected if the site is complete and remains complete so when and damage to sites is feared and damage to the integrity of the fine collection and of course there are excesses by metal detectors but look I want to stay to pose a minute by the perspective of a metal detector hobbyists they just want to keep a piece of history they just want to do research they want to find and and and have the past in their hands so we should acknowledge that and second they are not aware of our principle is preservation in situ so they think archaeology is my finding stuff isn't it I'm finding stuff why is that not okay so we should explain better what our motives are and third is and they're right I think that plowing does the damage as soon as long as they're restricted to the topsoil they're not doing extra damage in most of the countries of mid and northwestern Europe so yeah they're not doing a lot of damage if they restrict themselves so I will not go too far into this because of course in several countries it is legally banned but I think then we are monopolizing archaeology and say we doing it you're not and there are good reasons for it but it well it is monopolizing and people are not understanding it and this could be a reason why they think archaeology is elitist and thanks and I've heard literally comments like you have those Arches want to keep everything for themselves so they get angry and then ignore the law so we should be really looking at their motives and then if possible by the law include them in research so this is why in the Netherlands the previous situation is 40 years of illegal but generally tolerated by the detection a low level of reporting so the rule was that chance fines had to be reported but they hardly did and well there are some backgrounds for that in 2016 the law was changed metal detection allowed in the 30 centimeters of the topsoil no extra damage of course banned on scheduled monuments find reports are mandatory as so we keep the information and actually science benefits scholarly work benefits from it and I can say already that the 2017 reporting rate is at least 50% higher than it was in 2015 before the ban and I say at least because at the moment still find reports over 2017 are coming in so why pan is for the scientific importance huge potential for the study of the past in the form of for instance distribution maps networks habitation human mobility etc societal relevance if we discover more sites reported by the metal detectors we know how to protect them if if for instance developments take place and we see it as a huge opportunity for citizen science an improved link between academia heritage and the broader public and really let them participate it's not yet give us your fines but they can take part in documenting them if they want so why in 2016 we feel a sense of urgency because metal detection started in the 70s and the first guys doing it are already very old or already passed away and we don't want the objects but of course we need the location so they have to pass it on to us already and of course the new heritage before that I could not legally apply for funding to do this of course so our aims are the systematic documentation of the collection of private people making the fines available for heritage and academic research and the broader public so not a black box not just a government database but true open access online publication in a durable national database linked open data principles improving the relationship between the detecting community and the professional archaeology and also doing this in a European sphere with for instance the Finnish partners and the British partners and the Flemish partners we're a broad national cooperation this is not just the undertaking of one university no several universities the heritage agency provinces and museums and of course associations of hobby archaeologists so their roles what rules could the private individuals undertake of course they could just declare that fine some say here's are it finds I don't know what to do with that you do it that's fine but after training some of them register their own collection and register the fines for mothers and some of them are really not knowledgeable for instance I had great trouble finding in academic libraries literature on medieval keys there is a lot of collectors literature on medieval keys but hardly academic studies but there are detectors with a library of their own just on keys and they assist in the final edifications and they write up our standardized identification which I will say a bit more later and they receive of course the credit for that so they become co-authors of these identification sheets so how do we approach them because there is still mistrust between detector users and archaeologists and there are some illegal things happening but we're inviting to contribute those willing to report and we communicate best practices and we've come after one and a half years of talks we've come to a code of conduct so that was actually active talks what do you think that you that detectors should do and what and we explained what we think and how the principles work so actually there is a document that is half legal rules simple they are there and the other one is also conduct so not exactly the legal rules but rules of behavior and they were proposed by the detectorists they say yeah we know we shouldn't leave fences open and we should refill the holes because otherwise you annoy the landowner so yeah this was a co-creation and it was signed by all the amateur organizations so we have two national associations and they agree to it and advise their members to follow this we're winning that trust by protected data they of course their names are not visible online their location their exact location they give their exact location to us scholars can access them but not the anonymous visitor of the website because they don't like that other people are accessing their site so for instance this approach we know the exact find spot but online it's attributed to a whole municipality we take into account their wishes so the current states we're started well almost precisely three years ago over 600 metal detecting individuals take part 6,000 locations 60,000 finds registered among them are 61 horse and now some 21,000 are already fully processed and available online which is too low for my liking this 37% but the reason is as I already explained we're working with these standardized descriptions so you have to think a big dividing line here this is the actual find it's a fragment from a copper alloy yielded it has dimensions the material the ownership mostly private collection but sometimes they donated it to the museum so actual find and this is a standardized reference sheet and it takes of course quite a while to write this up but then if you have 100 of these objects you can simply connect them to the reference type so in the end it will save a lot of time but writing up these takes some time so pan is actually two things it's a documentation and publication of privately owned artifacts it's a reference collection for metal finds by ling you all the reference collection can be searched independently from fine reports objects and reference type are available as you arise with their each of their own makeup of their own format and international connections and expansions are possible so where we have a model at least for a European the Zoras digitally available so everything we do is open access of course limited open access we're not giving that site details to other detectives but scholars who are a recognized researcher can access them so our public website allows you to filter objects per period you can search the map for finds in in the municipalities or the provinces the reference collection you can access here it's a tree like structure so you start with broad categories and you can funnel that down to the objects you're looking for and after log-in scholars can analyze and export the data and volunteers have their own management tool the collection management tool so a bit about the results because I want to move now forward to my last point about the value for society there are simply some spectacular finds like this golden talk with an inscription very rare and were pleased that there was actually a new find made and truthfully declared interesting for the public objects I think are appealing to the public so these are also providing good tools for outreach and you and of course it's about the stories behind them and this is a very rare trumpet-headed brooch I'm from 101 by by the machine bag I call the very next and hope that is just was just known from Hungarian and we found one of these so you can tell stories about long distance movement along the limits for instance by single finds but it's not on the single finds only the distributions a bit more challenging to bring this to the general public the story behind this is fascinating and in this case it's a story of these dramatic roaches second-third century were there are casting molds found here so we're actually sure that it's made in the dramatic area second-third century lemes is is well active it's upheld it's it's it's this is the height of the lemes period of course but we see a quite meta quite a lot of these dramatic roaches are circulating within the profits so this tells a story that this lemes what was not an iron curtain it's not a closed line and Germanic people non-Roman's take part in this province it kept could be that their garrisons that garrisons consists of Germanic recruits the Germanic soldiers it could be that there is an intensive trade so that actually the four lines of the lemes provided food stuffs to the to the province but for the larger public this is an opportunity to explain that there is actually it's not a closed line long-distance movement was happening so opportunities for archaeology is two-fold I think allowing metal detectors metal detection answers to policies of participation citizen science helps to forestall elitist connotations of Roman archaeology and objects are very the second point is that objects the results of these kinds of projects is that objects are very suitable of course for public outreach object and object distributions highlight regional traditions and contact zones this helps us to underpin stories of cultural diversity and interaction to the broader public and I think that metal detected finds by non-professionals are positive conceived positively it's attractive for newspapers to write up that these were found by private people so if based on public finds these results are more acceptable and welcome to the general public at least that is what I believe I thank you for your attention


The paper describes the new species Stomiosferena baki spnov, which is the third species in the genus Stomiosferena, found in upper Cretaceous white chalk at Dubivsi section near Halic in western Ukraine. It has an asymmetrical oval test with a two-layered calcareous test, yellowish to brownish color in plain polarized light, and one narrow aperture. The species differs from other Stomiosferena species by its cis-shape, cis-size, layers thickness, structure of outer layer and width of aperture, and is likely the non-defined species described by NOAC in 1974. This article was authored by Agnieszka Sierge.