The most valuable applications in the world run on Oracle databases. The amount of money spent on Oracle and the processes and the people around Oracle databases is in the tens, if not hundreds of billions of dollars annually. The mission critical applications that are running on Oracle need data protection. Hi, everybody. This is Dave Vellante of wikibon.org. Daryl Smith is here. He's the chief database architect at EMC IT. And we're going to unpack best practices in protecting Oracle databases. Daryl, welcome to theCUBE. Thank you very much. Good to be here. Appreciate you coming on. You're within EMC IT. We always love on theCUBE talking to the folks within EMC IT, because you guys have a hands-on perspective. Yet at the same time, you're pretty savvy about what's going on in the marketplace. So first of all, tell us a little bit about your role within EMC IT. Sure. I'm the chief database architect for EMC IT. I'm responsible for all of our Oracle databases. As a matter of fact, I'm responsible for all of the databases in the company. And that includes keeping them highly available, keeping them safe, secure, as well as architecting for what the next wave is going to bring. So Oracle is the leading database in the market. And as I was saying in my introduction, the most mission-critical applications are running on Oracle. I mean, why is that? How did Oracle get to its prominence? Well, Oracle's been around for a long time. I actually started in Oracle back in version 4 in 1988. So I've been with it for a long time. And it's really put a lot of its effort and money into R&D. And so they pretty much, from the get-go, as far as relational databases go, have always been the market leader. And they really focus on the ability to handle high transactional workloads, which is really their sweet spot. Yes, so I mentioned as well, the value of these applications is very high. And the people and processes built up around the technology is substantial. So presumably, protecting the data around Oracle databases is critical. But what's unique and different about protecting data within Oracle environments? So I think you've covered a bit of that already. The data that you put into an Oracle database is generally your most mission-critical, your highest transaction volumes, which means you've got your most users there.  Otherwise, why would you pay that premium? Yeah, so OK. So it's really, I guess it's the impact of downtime is just greater. The impact of lost data is greater. And that's a board-level impact. You might read about it in the Wall Street Journal. So it makes the stakes much, much higher. Talk a little bit about how one goes about protecting Oracle databases and the alternatives they have, but before you do, let's assume, are we assuming a virtualized context? I mean, is that something that is increasingly prominent within Oracle environments that you're virtualizing the database and the applications? Well, that's certainly a component. More and more people, more and more DBAs, are virtualizing their databases. And they're doing it for a lot of reasons. One is just to get control of the costs. Licensed costs for Oracle are extremely high. And so the more cores that you're running your database on, the more you're going to pay. Well, there's inherent efficiencies in running it in a virtualized infrastructure. And I would take hours to try to explain why that is. But essentially, I can get a lot more processing power out of my servers and out of my cores when I virtualize. It also adds in high availability that doesn't exist in a physical server. So because of those benefits, and obviously many more like agility, being able to stand up a database server in minutes versus days, months, weeks, years, are all benefits as to why people are starting to virtualize. So it's part of the story. And it's much, much bigger than that. So what are the choices that a customer has in terms of protecting Oracle data? Right, so there's all kinds of levels of protection. One is obvious, I just need to do backups because I may need to go back to a prior version, either because I've hit some data corruption bug within the kernel or some bad code got out there and just made a bad sense of the data. I may need to do a restore. I also may need to do a restore if I don't have a business continuity plan and I lose my data center. And or I lose my server or the storage that it's residing on. I may need to do a restore. So one of them is basic backup and restore capabilities. And this is really starting to become a challenge for people as big data really hits. Our databases were big back a couple of years ago when they were two or three terabytes. Well, that's a small database today. Big databases now are 20, 30 terabytes and bigger. How do you continue to back that up using the same old technologies you've been using for years? So usually there's the backup window, right? Backup windows are getting bigger and bigger and so DBAs are having to put more and more resources at it which has a much bigger impact on the database. So if my database is already busy and now I'm trying to back up a 20 terabyte database that's highly active and users feel the pain. So in terms of choices that customers have to address that pain, I mean, our man is obviously the standard in a lot of high end shops. Talk about that a little bit and maybe some of the choices that people face. Yeah, so back in the day, back before our man, we would have to do either cold backups or hot backups but manually, right? Write the files off to either another disk area or tape directly. That's just not even possible anymore. So a cold backup would be quite as the database. Take a backup. Well actually, cold is shut it down, right? Then copy the files off and start it up again. So that's pretty much not even an option these days. A hot backup, I can do without our man by just putting the database in the hot backup mode and copying the files off. We've kind of taken that one and put a little twist on it. We actually can either put the database in the hot backup mode or not but with Time Finder Snaps on both our VMAX and VNX series storage arrays, I can take a clone of that, those data files instantly. So whether I put the database in the hot backup mode or not, I actually am not required to, I can take a backup in about 30 seconds and then write that off to a completely different set of disks and the database is right back up and running. So that completely different set of disks could be on-site or even off-site, right? That's ideal. Well, ideally, if I'm doing a snapshot or a clone and I'm doing it within the storage arrays, I'm in the same data center. But literally I could do the same functionality with RecoverPoint, which could be in the data center or could be replicating elsewhere. You could also do it with any of our replication technologies like D-Plex or SRDF and actually do your backup on the DR side. So the hot backup that you described is still manual, R-Man automates that, right? Talk about that a little bit. Right, so R-Man is really kind of the glue that holds it all together and makes things much easier for us. R-Man has features like compression, multi-threading, which allows us to backup a database with many more threads running and not have to worry about which data files I've gotten and trying to balance that load across different threads. R-Man handles all that for you and gives you a catalog, which is intelligent in those exactly when your backups were, which archived files are required to restore it up to what point in time. So it's a very automated way of doing it. Most third-party backup applications actually tie into R-Man. And so while you've got a backup repository in your third-party tool like Networker, for instance, is one we have, you also have the R-Man catalog. So when we talk to practitioners within the Wikibon community, they tell us, and it depends who you talk to.  When we talk to the infrastructure people, they wanna obviously cut their costs, they wanna make sure that they're leveraging infrastructure across as many applications as possible in the portfolio. When you talk to the application heads, they just wanna make sure they're meeting service levels and they're getting the right performance. There's this kind of inherent tension between the objectives that some of those different roles have, particularly as it relates to storage management and backup. Can you talk about some of the DBAs and the storage admins and some of the organizational nuances that are involved there and how you guys are addressing some of those? Sure, in backup space specifically, Data Domain has a storage appliance which has deduplication built into it as well as compression. And so, typically when we're trying to back up to another disk array, what happens is the owners of the storage admins that own that disk array are trying to always push back and say, hey, don't take as many backups, I don't have that much storage. And so it leads to us having to do like our main incremental backups, which can be painful or could actually be catastrophic when you try and restore those back, right? I have to restore back a backup that I did a week ago and then I have to restore a bunch of incrementals to do an incremental merge. And that doesn't always work and sometimes I actually can't get a backup done. With Data Domain, I can take full backups every single day and the only difference in storage is the difference of the data rate change for that day. But it also includes compression on the fly. And so I actually have backed up a 13 terabyte database and it took three terabytes on the first backup and then added another 300 gig on the backup the next day. I mean, literally you're reducing that storage down to a bare minimum. Okay, so talk a little bit about, you're starting to discuss some of the best practice. So what are some of the best practice considerations that you guys have applied within EMC IT that you might share with some of your fellow practitioners? Sure, one of the ones, one of the practices that we do on our most mission critical, highly active databases is one that a lot of people, once they hear it, are actually go out and start implementing it. And I talked about how I can take a backup by simply taking a time finder clone. Well, I can actually mount that clone up on another proxy server. That could be a physical server or just another VM. And then I can back that up using our man to my data domain or wherever my backup storage is. And I can do that without any impact at all of the production database. So even if I've got a highly active 20 terabyte database, 30 seconds to take my backup and then I can take as long as I want to actually back that up to my backup media, up to and including running it as fast as like eight terabyte an hour. Which as you said could be on site, it could be off site. And how do you guys actually manage that? I mean, obviously you're doing some stuff on site, but off site as well. We'll talk about that a little bit. So I like to keep my backups local. Obviously compliance people as well as the business likes to make sure their backups get off site. Now, why do you like to keep them local just because they're there and it's faster to recover? Well, if I ever need to recover them, it's a heck of a lot faster if it's local than if I have to either drag it over the wire that's 600 miles away or call a Byron Mountain or something to have them bring the tapes. And yeah, and most of your recoveries is just presumably correct is for reasonably fresh data? Yes. Yeah, generally if you're doing a recovery, it's something that happened in the last 24 hours. It's rare that you would have to restore something that's older than that, although that is certainly possible. And generally that's a compliance question or I need to do some surgical restore. I've accidentally deleted data that was from last quarter. But all of those are fairly simple, especially when you add in that proxy server. But let me get back to first getting the data off site. I like it local, but I need it off site. I use the data domain replication that actually replicates that data behind the scenes to my business continuity site. So I've got my backup now in two different locations. And if I use a product like DD Boost, the Armand catalog is actually the one that controls that replication. So my Armand catalog knows about both locations. So I could restore from my DR site or I could restore from my production site. And then you mentioned tape before. At that point, do you go to tape?  So you could, I suppose. But given the DD implication and the fact that I'm only storing the data rate changes, I can easily store like a year's worth of backups in that data domain without taking up very much space at all. Doesn't really help me to get rid of that old, old version. Now, obviously we need to do yearly saves for compliance reasons. That we do backup to tape and send that off site, but I don't ever expect to have to retrieve that. So that's deep archive that you never want to see again, probably. Correct. If you do, then you're pulling some all-nighters. A lot of all-nighters and I don't like those very much. Okay, how about maybe describe the environment a little bit more inside of EMC-IT in terms of what you guys are doing, how you're applying Oracle and protecting Oracle. Sure. Paint a picture for us. Yeah, so we've talked a lot about backup. What we really haven't talked about is availability, which is another way that you need to protect your database. Can you afford to be down or have that database down for four hours or eight hours or 48 hours? That's just not possible and that's not protecting your Oracle data. So you need some sort of high availability which is why people move to Rack. Oracle Rack is a very, very good technology of keeping an active, active copy of your database up and running. But in general, people don't need Oracle Rack to have something that's always available. That's really kind of a fallacy. Most of our big Oracle Rack databases have two to three hour outages because by Oracle Rack. What most of the databases really need is they need that ability to come back within three to five minutes. Database goes down, the server blows up, I have a fire in the data center. I want to get that database up as quickly as possible and five minutes is pretty darn quick. And so that's where virtualization comes in. That lets me have high availability of my single instance database. So I'm protected out of the box with just a VMware virtualization solution without having to go into that very expensive, very complicated product of Oracle Rack. So I want to change topics a little bit and talk about external customers. I mean, EMC, like many IT companies, but EMC is particularly astute at this, will trot out its best IT practitioners and talk to other IT practitioners, ostensibly customers of EMC or potential customers of EMC. I presume you're one of the spokespeople to do that. Talk about those activities, what you're hearing from customers, where does the EMC Salesforce use Daryl Smith and leverage your knowledge and what kind of discussions are you having with customers? Yeah, unfortunately, they leverage me just a little bit too much. But I do speak to a lot of customers and these are not only our big customers, but also our small customers. They not only like to know what EMC internally is doing, how we're using our products, they also like to know just how a large Oracle shop does it. So I speak to customers in what's called our Executive Briefing Center and I also speak with customers over like Webex meetings, as well as just regular conference call meetings. Sometimes they tell me other problems and I give them how we solve those. So I speak with customers all the time and they have several complaints and not necessarily with the EMC. They're all trying to solve the same problem that we are with Oracle. How do I protect my data? How do I reduce my licensing costs? How do I get an efficient use out of my infrastructure, whether that be storage or CPU or you name it? How do I efficiently use that storage, push it to the limit and yet protect my business? Yeah, and they're resource constrained. I mean, you pointed out. I mean, we've quantified the impact of Oracle licenses. It's expensive and licenses and maintenance. We've also done some work in terms of just evaluating how to balance out the system to actually reduce the number of cores that you have so that you can actually reduce your licenses, maybe spend a little bit more on storage, maybe even add some flash to balance the system, reduce the impact of the number of cores that you need and enhance the ripple through effect to your license costs. Have you guys played around with that? Absolutely, and that was a great blog article. You even mentioned memory. The simple addition of memory can reduce my CPU consumption, thereby also reducing the number of cores that I need. It's all about trying to offload that kind of work away from the CPUs that you have to license into something else. So that was a great article. And we play with that all the time, which is one of the reasons why we have extensively tested VMware and found all the different knobs and buttons that you can push or twist or pull to get you that native performance that you would get without the virtualization. This in-memory trend, since you mentioned it, is kind of interesting. But in-memory databases have been around for a long time. At the same time, prices are coming down, memories are getting larger, but you still gotta be able to protect that data that's in-memory. So what are you guys, what are you seeing in terms of that in-memory trend? How are you exploiting it, and how are you protecting that data? Yeah, well, there's a lot of new in-memory database players, right? SAP put out HANA. They're actually looking at virtualizing HANA, which I think will be very interesting. VMware also has SQL, I'm sorry, it used to be VMware, and now it's Pivotal Labs has SQL Fire, which is an in-memory database, which then persists to some storage. That storage could be a flat file system, not really a great idea, or it could be another database back end. We actually do our integration layer that we have. We have a common integration layer throughout all of the EMC applications, and that runs with a SQL Fire, front end, which persists to an Oracle back end. And the reason that we persisted to an Oracle back end is really all about that data protection, right? We are able to replicate that database 600 miles away with a zero data loss very easily, and it's something that we feel very comfortable with. And so a lot of times, and I really think it's best practice, is use that in-memory database as a front end to some other database. And literally, if that memory database is doing all the work, then maybe your back end database doesn't actually need to be that hefty. So I'm starting to play around with doing that same kind of workload with a SQL Fire, the in-memory database, persisting to a Postgres database. I'm getting great results. So a lighter weight back end that's maybe less expensive, more efficient. Why do you see Flash playing all this? Do you see sort of Flash as adding another layer, or do you see over time those layers collapsing, sort of high performance, tier zero, and then a bit bucket? What do you expect? Yeah, bit bucket. So Flash is definitely making a huge play here. I mean, there's Flash products from all Flash arrays. Extreme I.O. is one of the MCs, which is coming out, I believe, in Q4 of this year. November, I think, yeah. November, right, yeah. Which is a phenomenal product. I've been playing around with it in my lab. I'm migrating into my data center. I'm gonna get it in there before we even go GA with it. It's extremely fast, and it's got built-in deduplication, right? So Flash is expensive.  But if I can utilize that deduplication ability, I can have my production, my development, my test, all in the same array, still get great performance, yet basically only use the amount of space that production would use, right? Dev and test are kind of free. But when you're talking about Flash, again, you're offloading resources that would be utilizing CPU resources that would be utilized in weight states for I.O., you're removing those, right? So you're gonna use a lot less CPU, as well as get your data back faster. But again, as I said, all Flash arrays are very expensive. It's much cheaper to put stuff in a bit bucket. So if I can have multi-tears within a single storage array, I can really help to reduce the cost, right? That's one of the products that we have, which is called FastVP, which automatically migrates that data behind the scenes into the appropriate tier. If it's data that doesn't get used often, it goes down to that bit bucket running on SATA drives. If it gets used sometimes, it'll go up into the fiber channel, which is our traditionally high-performance disk, magnetic disk. And then if it's really, really random and is used a lot, then it's gonna go up into the Flash area. So it lets you make a more efficient use of that Flash. All right, Darryl, let's bring it back. I'll give you the last word to data protection in Oracle. So piece of advice to practitioners. They're struggling with backup windows. They're trying to keep their costs down. They're drowning in Oracle license and maintenance costs. What's the one thing that you would advise your fellow practitioners in this area that are struggling with this problem? So when it comes to backups and backup windows that just keep growing, you need to do something about that, you could go the traditional route and look at trying to do like RMAN incremental backups, but your better bet is really go look at data domain. Data domain has a product called DD Boost, which only pushes across the wire those bits that have changed. And it can really make your database backup run a lot, lot faster with a lot fewer resources, both on the production server, as well as in the network, as well as the backend media. And then there's also what I talked about earlier where you offload those backups. I mean, we have, like I said, 20 terabyte databases, which we back up in 30 seconds. No CPU utilized on that production server. So those are both good options. Anything you would do differently if you had to take this journey again? Ask for more money. Yeah. Well, we've certainly learned a lot along the way. You know, we took a lot of lumps in the beginning. It would have been great to know what these best practices were before I started or even shortly after we started. And so in order to prevent other people from having to experience that pain, we've published all those best practices. And you can find them up on a site that EMC has, which is called Communities. The Communities at EMC. And you can just get to it, you can Google everything Oracle at EMC, or you could go to Communities.emc.com, and there's an everything Oracle at EMC group there. And we publish a lot of our best practices there, including the backup stuff we talked about, as well as how to virtualize. I've written plenty of blogs on all of the best practices and virtualization, how to get native performance. So there's nothing I probably that I could have done differently, but I would certainly have liked to have learned from me back when I started. Yeah, there's some good resources definitely on EMC.com. You guys do a really good job, I think of testing out various solutions and configurations. It's a great freebie. I always tell customers, take advantage of it. Daryl Smith, thanks very much for coming on theCUBE. It's great to see you. All right, everybody, thanks for watching. This is Dave Vellante from wikibon.org. This is theCUBE, SiliconANGLE's continuous production, where we go out to the events, we bring the experts in, we extract the signal from the noise. Thanks for watching, everybody. We'll see you next-


One month after Siddique, one of the sons of elder stateman, Angol Abdelahi was released from captivity, bandit have abducted a daughter-in-law of the chairman, Northern Elders Forum. The elder stateman confirmed this to Daily Trust on Wednesday, saying the victims four of our children were also abducted.


Hi everyone, Joe for jasphyscasebreaks.com coming at you with 2020 Donner's Optic Football One Box Blaster Break Number 2 from jasphyscasebreaks.com. At the end of this break we're going to give away some mixer spots. Now I'm going to post another one of these after I do this break but this will have tomorrow I'm sure because it's just one more filler and that should be done by tomorrow and we'll be able to get into that mixer, we're giving away my homes in that mixer. Check out the details on jasphyscasebreaks.com. Big thanks to these wonderful people here for chipping away at this throughout the day. There are all the teams right here. Let's do it. Let's roll it. Let's randomize it. Two and a two for the hard way. One, two, three, and four. Terry down to Ryan. Two and a two for the hard way for the teams and as always a different dice roll for the giveaway part. One, two, three, and four. Buccaneers down to Colts and all of those done four times. Here's the first half of the list right here. Here's the second half of the list right here and let's just print and rip. So it could be some surprises in a blaster box. I know they have those pink parallels in here which are exclusive to this blaster set. So let's see if we can find something especial in here and then we'll give away some spots which is the main point of this break. Here's Jalen Johnson, pink parallel for the Bears, Eric. I was hoping that would be a different hollow of a different quarterback but there's Jake Luton for the Jaguars. There's Claiborne Chasen Hollow, Rated Rookie Devon DuVernayas, that's an interesting upside for this guy Adam Levy, Zach Moss, Xavier McKinney, Andrew Thomas. So nothing too crazy here. Zach Moss going to Chris and the Buffalo Bill. But here we go, Aaron down to Michael. Alright so four times, one out of three. Top six after four are in. Good luck. One, two, three and fourth and final time. Once again, top six. So from seven on down it's sad times, Ryan down to 32, sad times but I appreciate you trying. We'll get them now. In fact there is going to be a next time so I would encourage you to maybe give this another shot if you didn't make it. Top six, happy times. You're set. Alan, Eric, Sean, Ryan, Adam and Chad. Congrats to the top six. Thanks everyone else for giving this a try. I'm Joe. I'll see you next time for the next one. Bye bye.


In this example, our job is to graph the line y equals negative 3 over 2x minus 1. First, identify the slope. In slope intercept form, the slope is the number that's attached to the x. So in this case, our slope is negative 3 over 2. Now remember, slope is rise over run. And so what that means in this case is a negative 3 means will rise negative 3. In other words, we'll go down 3 and to the right 2. Now we have our slope. Now how do we start? Where do we begin? Slope intercept form gives us plus b, that is the y-intercept. In this case, our y-intercept is negative 1. And what that means is a point on the graph is the point 0 negative 1. Every y-intercept that you deal with is going to have a 0 as its x-coordinate because a y-intercept intercepts the y-axis when x is 0. In other words, it's every point along the y-axis. And those points have an x-coordinate of 0. Now all that's left to do is first plot the point. Again, our point is 0 negative 1. So 0 and negative 1 is right about there. Then we need to apply the slope. So we'll go down 3 and over 2. Down 3, 3, and then over 2. So there's the next point. And you can continue going in the right direction. You can also go backwards. Instead of going down 3 right 2, you can go left 2 up 3. And so there we have a couple of points. We see that we're going to make a line that looks a little something like this. And there we go. All that's left to do is show the line. We can add little arrows on the end. There we have the line y equals negative 3 over 2x minus 1.


So now we're gonna say that we're gonna get the actual money. Now also note that you might have a situation where you'd say, well, how did I come up with this, like a $300 amount? If someone called in and they're like, I wanna get a guitar or something like that and you're trying to figure, well, how did I come up with the 300? You might use the estimate in that case. So just to get an idea of like how the estimate, like you might say, okay, if someone called in and they're saying, I want a guitar and we're saying, okay, we'll possibly, we'll see how much it is. I might use the invoice to try to figure how much what they wanna purchase is or I might use an estimate form, which is like an invoice, but it's gonna be an estimate, the step before an invoice. So I might say, if I'm talking to someone on the phone and they're telling me that they're gonna wanna possibly purchase something, I might then make an estimate and say, okay, Anderson is talking about this thing. That he wants to purchase and it's as of, and then if they're like, okay, that I'll say this was on the 0-2-25-2-3, let's say. And then down here, let's say they're saying, I wanna purchase an E-P-S-H and we're gonna go, okay, that's good. Let's say they want two of those for whatever reason and they also want an E-L, the good old E-L-P, one of our standards, the Epiphone Les Paul. We're gonna say that's gonna be one of those and so that comes out to 1,300. So we might be talking to them and say, okay, 1,300. And then I'm gonna change the amount down here to be our 5% generic on the sales tax. So that comes out to a total of 1,365. And we might use this and have a standard policy of saying, okay, maybe we're gonna take 10% of that to commit you to the sale so that we'll hold on to the guitars until you get here. Otherwise, these are popular guitars, Mr. Anderson.  So this won't actually record anything but you might use this to make the estimate and then record the down payment related to it and then when they come in, I could see the estimate and the credit amount in their account. Let's say, for example, I save and close this and Mr. Anderson comes in and now I can see, okay, yeah, I've got an estimate here and then I've got the $300 that I'm trying to apply to it. So if they actually come in and they wanna follow through with that after making this payment, we're gonna say, okay, then I could create the invoice from the estimate if I so choose.


Good day fellow investors, in this video I'll discuss Tesla and its stock. Let me start with the disclaimer I'm nor a bull nor a beer so I'm nothing. The only thing I'm interested in is how to make profit from the situation and the only way to make profit from Tesla to see what's going on, to know whether to buy, sell, stay long, stay short is through analyzing the company by using the theory of reflexivity. The theory of reflexivity was developed by a great trader, George Soros, his book is very complicated so that's why it didn't explode. It's complicated, his vision is complicated, nevertheless I'll try to explain the theory by analyzing the company, Tesla, what's going on and then discuss whether you should stay long, stay short, what to do and how to go about making profit on Tesla. I love Elon Musk, I love what he's doing, I really hope Tesla succeeds but there are many factors to calculate for you and me to make profit on it. So let's start by discussing Tesla, the company, the stock and the fundamentals and how it all reflects each other. In the last eight years Tesla's stock price has gone nothing but up. That's clear to everybody with minor ups and downs but also what's clear to everybody the fundamentals measured in earnings have gone nothing but down. The free cash flows are terrible especially with the latest investments, the losses have been piling up and rising in the last years. So a value investor, a fundamental investor would immediately say that the price has diverged from fundamentals and that everything related to Tesla is irrational and I see also on Seeking Alpha or all around the web a lot of investors analysts taking that irrationality as a reason to short the stock. Theory of reflexivity would tell you you are wrong. So that's the start of the theory of reflexivity. What you think about the market and what's your view about the market whether you are a bull or beer is wrong. So the theory of reflexivity starts with our fallibility. Our view of the world is imperfect. Let me explain myself. Who knows what will Tesla be doing in the next three years? Nobody because knowing what will happen in the next three years implies knowing what will be the decision making in the next month, two months, three months, six months, how it will go and so and nobody can know that. We can estimate, we can be long or short. So we start by saying that we are all fallible both the bulls and both the beers. We all have an imperfect vision of the world. We are human so we cannot know what will happen in the future and therefore we start with the premise that we are all wrong. However going back to the theory of reflexivity the important thing is not who's right who is wrong but what's the predominant opinion. If the bulls are predominant then the stock price will go up. If the beers are predominant the stock price will go down and stock price reflects that's why it's called the reflexivity theory on the fundamentals. So if the stock price goes up fundamentals will follow and this is very interesting about Tesla earnings you have seen have been negative negative negative however the book value does the fundamentals have been constantly increasing. From below $5 per share the book value went up to more than $40 per share now. How come that negative earnings and increased book value that's because Tesla issues new stocks at a high price and that improves its fundamentals. Creditors those who lend money to Tesla look at Tesla high stock price and they think okay Tesla can always issue stocks to get the liquidity necessary to pay us off and therefore they lend to Tesla at a low interest rate. So the high stock price the predominant perception that increases the stock price gives faith to creditors to future investors to additional investors and strengthens also Tesla's fundamentals which make it a self-reinforcing cycle and you should never invest against a self-reinforcing cycle that's the first rule in the theory of reflexivity and the second rule is if you see a bubble forming jump right into it because as the cycle will save self-reinforce itself you will make profits. I recently was on LinkedIn and one of the feet was this from Vincent Hendrix a Tesla employee and he discussed not the production doesn't matter all that matters is the stock price even Tesla employees know that all that matters is the stock price not production not sales because the stock price reflects how much money Tesla will have how much it will be able to invest how much it will be able to grow and deliver or promise even more so it's not about the fundamentals here it's not about possibility it's just about market perception and for now the bulls are stronger than the beers so you should not be short Tesla now so we know we should not be short now because the trend the self-reinforcing growth trend the stock price is high recapitalization power that improves the book value is still strong we should not be short because the trend up's world is still strong now the question is should you stay long yes as long as the trend is there you should stay long if you are long should you invest in Tesla I'm not invested because maybe I'm late to the party I'm afraid let's say that's it but according to the theory of reflexivity if I would bet on Tesla I would be long now now for the shorts if you want to make money when the trend inflects because every trend according to the theory of reflexivity takes a longer time to build up self-reinforcing itself with minor ups and downs that tests the trend and if those trend tests are passed by the company by the stock then the stock price usually goes even higher and that's you can see after the drops in Tesla stock price the stock price goes even higher so when to short Tesla according to the theory of reflexivity the self-reinforcing trend starts slowing down and then enters into a twilight zone when doubts start mounting so we have to look at trends in order to see what's going on with Tesla if I look at Google trends research Tesla motors steady steady increase over time interest is slowly slowly increasing with peak time with peak interest over earnings or launches product launches giga factories so on we can see that the giga factory has reached this peak and now it's slowly declining during the last six seven months however the model three is slowly increasing so there is string still strength into the model three that will bring benefits to Tesla and strengthen the long-term trend what's also very important that now the trend is tested because Tesla short research is really strengthening especially in the last few months six months it was weak in the past now it's strengthening so it might be the case that the doubters are rising however that's not yet certain so again following the theory of reflexivity you should wait that the doubters are in a majority and that the self-reinforcing trend starts on the downside that Tesla cannot issue new stocks to gain the capital so then you really have a terrible situation so think about if you're short Tesla now it can go to 400 it can go to 500 as it can go to 200 the risk is even however if you wait that negative trend starts and you short Tesla below 300 there is a higher chance that it will go to below 200 than to rebound and that's all that's all the theory of reflexivity says follow the trends because the trends will impact the fundamentals and make a self-reinforcing cycle so to conclude I didn't say anything about whether the company will succeed as long as the stock price goes up the fundamentals are stronger and it increases the likelihood of success however at some point as the stock is diverging from the fundamentals there will be an inflection point and there will be doubts and that will negatively also affect Tesla's capacity to borrow money at a low interest rate Tesla's capacity to issue new shares at high prices thus it can be very very quickly when that happens so if you want to short Tesla don't do it now this trend is still strong wait for the trend to turn negative for the doubts to mount for all those people start to selling if Tesla falls to 100 there is still plenty of money to be made down to 50 25 so that's no risk short now it's too risky to short it looking forward to your comments I know I didn't piss anybody off usually comments are all full bulls beers discussing I'm telling you again you're all fallible my view is fallible I'm just looking at the trends and the predominant trend the predominant trend is still bullish looking forward to your comments what do you think about such a strategy related to Tesla thank you for watching consider subscribing to the channel we always look how to profit from investment opportunities with low risk and high returns I'll see you in the next video


Part 3 Chapter 15 of the Secret City. This is a LibriVox recording. All LibriVox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer, please visit LibriVox.org recording by Rita Butros. The Secret City by Hugh Wellpole. Part 3 Chapter 15. This is obviously the place for the story, based of course on the very modest and slender account given me by the hero of it, of young Bohin's nightly adventure. In its inception, the whole affair is still mysterious to me. Looking back from this distance of time, I see that he was engaged on one nightly adventure after another. First Vera, then Markovitch, lastly Nina. The first I caught at the very beginning, the second I may be said to have inspired, but to the third I was completely blind. I was blind, I suppose, because in the first place Nina had from the beginning laughed at Bohin, and in the second she had been entirely occupied with Lawrence. Bohin's night errantry came upon her with, I am sure, as great a shock of surprise as it did upon me. And yet, when you come to think of it, it was the most natural thing. They were the only two of our party who had any claim to real youth, and they were still so young that they could believe in one ideal after another, as quick as you can catch goldfish in a bowl of water. Bohin would, of course, have indignantly denied that he was out to help anybody, but that, nevertheless, was the direction in which his character led him. And once Russia had stripped from him that thin coat of self-satisfaction, he had nothing to do but mount his white charger and enter the tournament. I have no idea when he first thought of Nina. He did not, of course, like her at the beginning, and I doubt whether she caused him any real concern, too, until her flight to Grogov. That shocked him terribly. He confessed as much to me. She had always been so happy and easy about life. Nothing was serious to her. I remember once telling her she ought to take the war more deeply. I was a bit of a prick about it, I suppose. At any rate, she thought me one. And then, to go off to a fellow like Grogov, he thought of it the more seriously when he saw the agony Vera was in. She did not ask him to help her, and so he did nothing. But he watched her efforts, the letters that she wrote, the eagerness with which she ravished the post, her fruitless visits to Grogov's flat, her dejected misery over her failure. He began himself to form plans. Not, I am convinced, for many a special affection for Nina, but simply because he had the soul of a knight. Although, thank God, he didn't know it. I expect, too, that he was pretty dissatisfied with his knight-errantries. His impassioned devotion to Vera had led to nothing at all. His enthusiasm for Russia had led to a most unsatisfactory revolution, and his fatherly protection of Markovitch had inspired, apparently, nothing more fruitful than distrust. I would like to emphasize that it was in no way from any desire to interfere in other people's affairs that young Bohin undertook these quests. He had none of my own meddlesome quality. He had, I think, very little curiosity and no psychological self-satisfaction. But he had a kind heart, an adventurous spirit, and a hatred for the wrong and injustice which seemed just now to be creeping about the world. But all this, again, thank God, was entirely subconscious. He knew nothing whatever about himself. The thought of Nina worried him more and more. After he went to bed at night, he would hear her laugh and see her mocking smile and listen to her shrill imitations of his own absurdities. She had been the one happy person amongst them all, and now, well, he had seen enough of Boris Grogov to know what sort of fellow he was. He came at last to the conclusion that, after a week or two, she would be sick to death of it and longing to get away. But then, her pride would keep her at it. She'd got a devil of a lot of pride. He waited then for a while and hoped, I suppose, that some of Vera's appeals would succeed. They did not. And then it struck him that Vera was the very last person to whom Nina would yield, just because she wanted to yield to her most, which was pretty subtle of him and very near the truth. No one else seemed to be making any very active efforts, and at last he decided that he must do something himself. He discovered Grogov's address, went to the Gagarin Skye, and looked up at the flat, hung about a bit in the hope of seeing Nina. Then he did see her at Rosenhoff's party, and this, although he said nothing to me about it at the time, had a tremendous effect on him. He thought she looked awful. All the joy had gone from her. She was years older, miserable and defiant. She didn't speak to her, but from that night he made up his mind. Rosenhoff's party may be said to have been really the turning point of his life. It was the night that he came out of his shell, grew up, faced the world, and it was the night that he discovered that he cared about Nina.  All the time that I thought he was occupied only with the problem of Markovitch and Semyonov, he was much more deeply occupied with Nina. So unnaturally secretive can young men be. At last he decided on a plan. He chose the Monday, the day of the Bors meeting, because he fancied that Grogov would be present at that, and he might therefore catch Nina alone. And because he and his fellow propagandists would be expected also at the meeting, and he would therefore be free of his office earlier on that afternoon. He had no idea at all how he would get into the flat, but he thought that Fortune would be certain to favour him. He always thought that. Well, Fortune did. He left the office and arrived at the Gagarin Skye about half past five in the evening. He walked about a little, and then saw a bearded tall fellow drive up in Anisvostik. He recognised this man as Lenin, the soul of the anti-government party, and a man who was afterwards to figure very prominently in Russia's politics. This fellow argued very hotly with the Anisvostik about his fare, then vanished through the double doors. Bohen followed him. Outside Grogov's flat, Lenin waited and rang the bell. Bohen waited on the floor below. Then, when he heard the door open, he noiselessly slipped up the stairs, and, as Lenin entered, followed behind him whilst the old servant's back was turned, helping Lenin with his coat. He found, as he had hoped, a crowd of cloaks and a shuba hanging beside the door in the dark corner of the wall. He crept behind these. He heard Lenin say to the servant that, after all, he would not take off his coat, as he was leaving again immediately. Then, directly afterwards, Grogov came into the hall. That was the moment of crisis. Did Grogov go to the rack for his coat? And all was over. A very unpleasant scene must follow, a ludicrous expulsion, a fling or two at the amiable habits of thieving and deceit on the part of the British nation, and any hope of seeing Nina ruined, perhaps, forever. Worst of all, the ignominy of it. No young man likes to be discovered hidden behind a coat rack, however honest his original intentions. His heart beat to suffocation as he peeped between the coats. Grogov was already wearing his own overcoat. It was, thank God, too warm an evening for a shuba. The men shook hands, and Grogov sang something rather deferentially about the meeting. Lenin, in short brusque tones, put him immediately in his place. Then they went out together, the door closed behind them, and the flat was as silent as an aquarium. He waited for a while, and then, hearing nothing, crept into the hall. Perhaps Nina was out. If the old servant saw him, she would think him a burglar, and would certainly scream. He pushed back the door in front of him, stepped forward, and almost stepped upon Nina. She gave a little cry, not seeing whom it was. She was looking very untidy, her hair loose down her back, and a rough apron over her dress. She looked ill, and there were heavy black lines under her eyes, as though she had not slept for weeks. Then she saw who it was, and in spite of herself, smiled. Genre, she exclaimed. Yes, he said in a whisper, closing the door very softly behind him. Look here, don't scream or do anything foolish. I don't want that old woman to catch me. He has no very clear memory of the conversation that followed. She stood with her back to the wall, staring at him, and every now and again taking up a corner of her pinafore and biting it. He remembered that action of hers especially, as being absurdly childish. But the overwhelming impression that he had of her was of her terror. Terror of everything, and of everybody. Of everybody, apparently, except himself. She told him afterwards that he was the only person in the world who could have rescued her just then, because she simply couldn't be frightened of someone at whom she'd laughed so often. She was terrified, of course, of Grogov. She couldn't mention his name without trembling. But she was terrified also of the old servant, of the flat, of the room, of the clock, of every sound or hint of a sound that there was in the world. She, to be so frightened, she of whom he would have said that she was equal to anyone or anything. What she must have been through during those weeks to have brought her to this. But she told him very little. He urged her at once that she must come away with him there and then, just as she was. She simply shook her head at that. No, no, no, she kept repeating. You don't understand. I do understand, he answered, always whispering. And with one ear on the door, lest the old woman should hear and come in. We've got very little time, he said. Grogov will never let you go if he's here. I know why you don't come back. You think we're all looking down on you for having gone, but that's nonsense. We are all simply miserable without you. But she simply continued to repeat, no, no. Then, as he urged her, still further, she begged him to go away. She said that he simply didn't know what Grogov would do if he returned and found him. And although he'd gone to a meeting, he might return at any moment. Then, as though to urge upon him, Grogov's ferocity, in little horse whispers, she let him see some of the things that during these weeks she'd endured. He'd beaten her, thrown things at her, kept her awake hour after hour at night, making her sing to him. And of course, worse things. Things far, far worse that she would never tell to anybody, not even to Vera. Poor Nina. She had indeed been punished for her innocent impetuosities. She was broken in body and soul. She had faced reality at last and been beaten by it.  It was then that he discovered he loved her.  She suddenly collapsed, burying her head in his breast, and watering his waistcoat with her tears. After that he seemed to be able to do anything with her that he pleased.  As he gave these last commands, he heard the door open, turned and saw Masha, Grogov's old witch of a servant, facing him. The scene that followed must have had its ludicrous side. The old woman didn't scream or make any kind of noise. She simply asked him what he was doing there. He answered that he was going out for a walk with the mistress of the house. She said that he should do nothing of the kind. He told her to stand away from the door. She refused to move. He then rushed at her, caught her round the waist, and a most impossible struggle ensued up and down the middle of the room. He called to Nina to run, and had the satisfaction of seeing her dart through the door like a frightened hare. The old woman bit and scratched and kicked, making sounds all the time like a kettle just on the boil. Suddenly, when he thought that Nina had had time to get well away, he gave the old woman a very unceremonious push, which sent her back against Grogov's chief cabinet. And he had the comfort to hear the whole of this crash to the ground as he closed the door behind him. Out in the street he found Nina, and soon afterwards Anis Voschik.  As he felt her hot hand shake inside his, he vowed that he would never leave her again. I don't believe that he ever will. So he took her home, and his night errantry was justified at last. End of Part 3 Chapter 15 Part 3 Chapter 16 of The Secret City This is a LibriVox recording. All LibriVox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer, please visit LibriVox.org Recording by Rita Butros The Secret City by Hugh Walpole Part 3 Chapter 16 These events had, for a moment, distracted my mind, but as soon as I was alone I felt the ever-increasing burden of my duty towards Markovitch. The sensation was absolutely dreamlike in its insistence on the one hand that I should take some kind of action, and it's preventing me on the other from taking any action at all. I felt the strange inertia of the spectator in the nightmare who sees the house tumbling about his head and cannot move. Besides, what action could I take? I couldn't stand over Markovitch, forbid him to stir from the flat or imprison Semyonov in his room or warn the police. Besides, there were now no police. Moreover, Vera and Bohan and the others were surely capable of watching Markovitch. Nevertheless, something in my heart insisted that it was I who was to figure in this. Through the dusk of the streets, in the pale ghostly shadows that prelude the coming of the White Knights, I seemed to see three pursuing figures, Semyonov, Markovitch, and myself. I was pursuing and yet held. I went back to my flat, but all that night I could not sleep. Already the first music of the May Day processions could be heard, distant trumpets and drums before I sank into uneasy bewildered slumber. I dreamt then, dreams so fantastic and irresolute, that I cannot now disentangle them. I remember that I was standing beside the banks of the Neva. The river was rising, flinging on its course in the great tempestuous way that it always has during the first days of its release from the ice. The sky grew darker, the water rose. I saw refuge in the top gallery of a church with light green domes, and from here I watched the flood. First, as it covered the keys, tumbled in cascades of glittering water over the high parapet, trickling in little lines and pools, then rising into sheeted levels, then billowing in waves against the walls of the house, flooding the doors and the windows, until so far as the eye could reach there were only high towers remaining above its grasp. I do not know what happened to my security, and saw at length the waters stretch from sky to sky, one dark tossing ocean. The sun rose, a dead yellow. Slowly the waters sank again. Islands appeared, stretches of mud and waste. Heaving their huge bodies out of the ocean, vast monsters crawled through the mud, scaled and horned, lying like logs beneath the dead sun. The waters sank, forests rose. The sun sank, and there was black night, then a faint dawn, and in the early light of a lovely morning, a man appeared standing on the beach, shading his eyes, gazing out to sea. I fancied that in that strong bearded figure I recognized my peasant, who had seemed to haunt my steps so often. Gravely he looked round him, then turned back into the forest. Was my dream thus? Frankly I do not know. Two need an allegory to be true perhaps, and yet there was something of this in it. I know that I saw Boris, and the Rat, and Vera, and Semyonov, and Markovitch, appearing, vanishing, reappearing, and that I was strongly conscious that the submerged and ruined world did not touch them, and was only a background to their own individual activities. I know that Markovitch seemed to come to me again and cry, be patient, be patient, have faith, be faithful. I know that I woke struggling to keep him with me, crying out that he was not to leave me, that that way was danger. I woke to find my room flooded with sunshine, and my old woman looking at me with disapproval. Wake up, Baron, she was saying, it's three o'clock. Three o'clock, I muttered, trying to pull myself together. Three in the afternoon, I have some tea for you. When I realized the time, I had the sensation of the wildest panic. I jumped from my bed, pushing the old woman out of the room. I had betrayed my trust, I had betrayed my trust. I felt assured that some awful catastrophe had occurred, something that I might have prevented. When I was dressed, disregarding my housekeeper's cries, I rushed out into the street. At my end of the Ekaterinskovsky Canal, I was stopped by great throngs of men and women, returning homewards from the procession. There were marching, most of them in ordered lines across the street, arm in arm, singing the Marseillais. Very different from the procession a few weeks before, that had been dumb, cowed, bewildered. This was the movement of a people conscious of their freedom, sure of themselves, disdaining the world. Everywhere bands were playing, banners were glittering, and from the very heart of the soil, as it seemed, the Marseillais was rising. Although the sun only shone at brief intervals, there was a sense of spring warmth in the air. For some time I could not cross the street. Then I broke through and almost ran down the deserted stretch of the canal. I arrived almost breathless at the door in the English prospect. There I found Sasha watching the people and listening to the distant bands. Sasha, I cried, is Alexei Petrovich at home? No, Barin, she answered, looking at me in some surprise. He went out about a quarter of an hour ago. And Nicholas Markovich? He went out just now? Did he tell you where he was going? No, Barin, but I heard Alexei Petrovich tell him an hour back that he was going to Katerinov. I did not listen to more. I turned and went. Katerinov was a park ten minutes distant from my island. It was so-called because there was there the wooden palace of Catherine the Great. She had once made it her place of summer residence, but it was now given over to the people and was during the spring and summer used by them as a kind of fair and pleasure garden. The place had always been to me romantic and melancholy with the old faded wooden palace, the deserted ponds and the desolate trees. I had never been there in the summer. I don't know with what idea I hurried there. I can only say that I had no choice but to go and that I went as though I were still continuing my dream of the morning. Great numbers of people were hurrying there also. The road was thronged and many of them sang as they went. Looking back now, it has entirely a dream-like color. I stepped from the road under the trees and was at once in a world of incredible fantasy. So far as the eye could see there were peasants. The air was filled with an indescribable din. As I stepped deeper into the shelter of the leafless trees, the color seemed like fluttering banners to mingle and spread and sway before my eyes. Near to me were the tub-thumpers, now so common to us all in Petrograd. Men of the grog-off kind, stamping and shouting on their platforms, surrounded by open-mouthed soldiers and peasants. Here, too, were the quacks such as you might see at any fair in Europe. Quack dentists, quack medicine men, men with ointments for healing sores, men with pills and little bottles of bright liquid and tricks for ruptures and broken legs and arms. A little way beyond them were the peddlers. Here were the wildest men in the world. Tartars and letts and Indians, Asiatics with long yellow faces and strange fellows from northern Russia. They had everything to sell, bright beads and looking glasses and little lacquered trays, colored boxes, red and green and yellow, lace and silk and cloths of every color, purple and crimson and gold. From all these men there rose a deafening gavel. I pressed farther, although the crowd now around me was immense, and so I reached the heart of the fair. Here were enormous merry-go-rounds, and I had never seen such glittering things. They were from China, Japan, where you will. They were hung in shining gleaming colors, covered with tinsel and silver, and, as they went tossing round, emitting from their hearts a wild barbaric wail that may have been in some far eastern city the great song of all the lovers of the world for all I know. The colors flashed and wheeled and dazzled, and the light glittered from stem to stem of the brown silent trees. Here was the very soul of the east. Near me, a Chinaman, squatting on his haunches, was showing before a gaping crowd the exploits of his trained mice who walked up and down little crimson ladders, poked their trembling noses through holes of purple silk and shivering down precipices of golden embroidery. Near to him two Japanese were catching swords in their mouths, and beyond them again a great number of Chinese were tumbling and wrestling.  Around all these a vast mass of peasants pushed and struggled. With children they watched and smiled and laughed, and always, like the flood of the dream, their numbers seemed to increase and increase. The noise was deafening, but always above the marigou rounds and the cheap jacks and the shrill screams of the Japanese and the cries of the peddlers I heard the chant of the Marseillais carried on high through the brown leafless park. I was bewildered and dazzled by the noise and the light. I turned desperately, pushing with my hands as one does in a dream. Then I saw Markovitch and Semyonov. I had no doubt at all that the moment had at last arrived. It was as though I had seen it all somewhere before. Semyonov was standing a little apart, leaning against a tree, watching with his sarcastic smile the movements of the crowd. Markovitch was a little way off. I could see his eyes fixed absolutely on Semyonov. He did not move, nor noticed the people who jostled him. Semyonov made a movement with his hand as though he had suddenly come to some decision. He walked slowly away in the direction of the palace. Markovitch, keeping a considerable distance from him, followed. For a moment I was held by the crowd around me, and when at last I got free, Semyonov had disappeared, and I could just see Markovitch turning the corner of the palace. I ran across the grass, trying to call out, but I could not hear my own voice. I turned the corner, and instantly I was in a strange place of peace. The old building, with its wooden lattices and pillars, stood melancholy guard over the dead pond, on whose surface some fragments of ice still lay. There was no sun, only a heavy oppressive air. All the noise was muffled, as though a heavy door had swung too. They were standing quite close to me. Semyonov had turned and faced us both. I saw him smile, and his lips moved. A moment later I saw Markovitch fling his hand forward, and in the air the light on the revolver twinkled. I heard no sound, but I saw Semyonov raise his arm, as though in self-defense. His face lifted strangely to the bare branches was triumphant, and I heard quite clearly the words, like a cry of joy and welcome. At last, at last, he tumbled forward on his face. I saw Markovitch turn the revolver on himself, and then heard a report, sharp and deafening, as though he had been in a small room. I saw Markovitch put his hand to his side, and his mouth, open as though in astonishment, was suddenly filled with blood. I ran to him, caught him in my arms.  I caught the word Vera, and he crumpled up against my heart. Even as I held him, I heard, coming closer and closer, the rough triumphant notes of the Marseillais.


The article discusses the development and evaluation of H7N9 influenza vaccine candidates in preclinical and clinical trials as well as ongoing clinical trials with H7N9 vaccines. It highlights the importance of influenza vaccines in protecting against influenza infections and notes that a large number of promising H7N9 vaccine candidates have been generated using traditional and advanced gene engineering techniques. Additionally, the article mentions the establishment of influenza vaccine production capacities in low and middle-income countries with high population density through whose GAP program, which allows these countries to be independent of vaccine supply from high-income countries. Overall, the article suggests that the world is now well prepared for a possible H7N9 influenza pandemic. This article was authored by Irina Isakova-Sivak and Larissa Rodenko.


So, in this video, what we're going to do is take a very quick look at the iPad and get an overview of how it works. I'm only going to stick to the basics. So one of the first things you want to do in an iPad is turn it on. In order to do that, you're going to press the button down here, which is called the home button, and then you're going to see a little slider on the bottom of the screen. It says slide to unlock. So I take my finger, I slide it over to the right, and I've now unlocked the iPad screen. Now you're going to notice a whole bunch of different icons or boxes on the iPad screen. These are called apps, or it's just short for applications. If I want to open up an app, all I do is I take the pad of my finger, not my fingernail, it's important, and I press with the pad of my finger on one of the apps. And there you go, it's going to open up the app. But when I'm finished, what I want to do is press the home button down here, and that exits the app. So all the apps work the same way. If I go into my photos app, I press it, I can slide around, do whatever I want, and when I'm finished, I press on the home button down here. Now, in certain apps, you may want to control the volume. Sometimes the volume might be too loud or too low. In order to do that, you're going to notice on the side of the iPad, I have a very long elongated button. It's actually two buttons. If you press the top half of it, you can make the volume go up, and if you press the bottom half of it, you can make the volume go down. So you'll see on the screen as I do that, volume up, volume down. Another thing you can do on the iPad is you can lock the screen's rotation. And we'll explain what that is. If I pick up an iPad right now, the way I have it set up is that if I move the iPad like that, you're going to see it follows the way I'm holding it. So it changes the orientation of the iPad. That can be pretty useful, but it can also be pretty annoying.  So the way that I set up my iPads is that there's a little switch over here on the side. You can either move that down or up. Let's see what happens on the screen when I do that. If I move it down, you're going to notice it shows a little circle with a lock. And that means no matter what I do to the iPad, it will no longer change the rotation. If I push the switch up, now it shows just a circle. And that means that if I move the iPad around, it will change the orientation. Great. So one of the last things we're going to take a look at on the iPad is that if you want to plug in headphones. So if you look over here on the top of the iPad, there's a little hole where you can plug in your headphones. You just stick it in there and done. You start hearing your sound through the headphones. On the bottom of the iPad, you have a little slot over here. And that's where you would charge the iPad. Now in order to navigate around an iPad, what you can do is take your finger on the screen and brush it to the right or brush it to the left. Now depending on the amount of apps you have installed, you'll have more screens available to you. Last but not least, if you'd like to turn off the iPad, all you need to do is look on the top over here and you're going to see the sleep wake button. If you give it a press, the iPad will turn off. If you press it again, the iPad will turn on. So there you go. That's pretty much the basics of how to use an iPad.


In this module, we are going to discuss a very important concept. It's called Mudaraba. Mudaraba is a contract between two or more parties in which one party provides money and the other party does the business. With an explicit understanding that the money would be used by the party doing business for a Sharia compliant activity or business. If this activity generates some profit, this profit would be distributed between the party providing money and the party doing business in accordance with a pre-agreed ratio. If loss occurs, the party providing money would bear all the financial loss. The party doing business would of course lose their effort. This is a very important concept and contract in Islamic banking and finance. Important thing here is that the money is lost for the one who has provided the money when there is a loss. This is important because profit distribution ratio should be agreed between the two parties beforehand. Once it has been agreed and the Mudaraba business has been initiated this profit sharing ratio cannot be changed. I must emphasize on this one that profit distribution ratio once it has been agreed between the two parties, it cannot be changed. Unless there are some exceptional circumstances and the two parties mutually agree to it. In this case, there is neither security of money nor guaranteed return. If you remember in our module on investments, investment contracts, we very explicitly mentioned that in case of investments, there is no fixed guaranteed return. Investments are inherently risky and Mudaraba is one investment-related contract in Islamic business and finance. I am using the word Islamic business and finance and not Islamic banking and finance because Mudaraba has a wider application in business as well. Actually, this is a business contract which is used as an Islamic mode of financing by Islamic financial institutions. So, there is neither security of capital nor guaranteed return. Classical Mudaraba was in general for a specific activity. For example, purchase and sale of leather. Someone used to give money to someone on Mudaraba and he used to say, you have to do this business. You have to buy leather and sell it. In this way, the profit will be distributed under an agreed distribution ratio. The money provider in the context of Mudaraba is also called Rabbulmal. So, when you read on Mudaraba, you will come across this word Rabbulmal. Rabbulmal means the party providing money, providing capital. The party doing business is called Mudarib. So, in a Mudaraba contract there is Rabbulmal, the party providing money or capital and the other party Mudarib doing the business. Now, the money may be called Mudaraba capital. Now, Mudaraba capital should ideally be in the form of money but there is a provision that it could be in the form of another asset as well. However, it is always recommended and advised that that asset should be valued at the start and that value would be considered as the Mudaraba capital. So, there is Rabbulmal, the party providing capital, Mudarib, the party doing business and the money is called Mudaraba capital. Now, I have explained what a Mudaraba is in a very general way. It is also important to understand what Mudaraba is not. When a company gets money in the form of Mudaraba the Mudaraba capital is not deemed as equity capital of the company. Many people who are talking about Mudaraba rather wrongly say that Mudaraba is like providing equity capital. No, that is not the case. When a company finances Mudaraba from a bank it does not mean that it is taking equity capital from a bank. Actually, high street banks, retail banks like Habib Bank, United Bank, MCB, etc. they are not allowed by the regulator to invest in businesses. So, when a company finances Mudaraba the business that takes money on the basis of Mudaraba Rabbulmal does not participate in its equity. So, this is very important. Mudaraba capital is also not treated like any other debt owned by the company. This is not equity nor is it like debt. In fact, many people would argue that Mudaraba capital is an asset class in its own or Mudaraba business is a very distinct form of activity which may not come under equity and debt both. It is a different thing. Let us explain this with one example. In this picture, I am showing a company. A company and a bank. This is a company and this is a bank. Now, company A gets money from the bank on the Mudaraba basis. Now, the important thing is that the money that is given to this company on the basis of Bank Mudaraba will be made up of Mudaraba assets. Either something will be bought, for example, if this company is a trader then it will take the money and buy it. So, the name of that activity will be Mudaraba assets. So, these Mudaraba assets, they would be identifiable. In case of profit, from that activity, the bank and the company they would be sharing the profit in accordance with whatever they agreed upon at the start of the Mudaraba. So, in case of profit, some money is generated from these assets in the form of profit. The bank will go and some company will keep it in accordance with profit distribution ratio. For example, if they want to do half profit, the company will keep half profit and the bank will give half profit. In case of loss, whatever loss, for example, the bank had given 1 lakh rupees and after a year, when all the purchases were over, there would be 90,000 rupees left. So, the loss would go to the bank and the party in this case, company A would not be bearing any financial loss. Of course, it would not get any profit because there was no profit. Now, this last point is very important. In case, this company had taken money from the bank for Mudaraba but this company would be bankrupt during this period. Now, when this company would be bankrupt, these Mudaraba assets, we call them as bankruptcy remotes. These Mudaraba assets would be removed from the company and then the debt holders and equity holders would be divided as per the law. So, Mudaraba assets are actually bankruptcy controlled. Mudaraba assets or Mudaraba capital is not like equity, it is not like debt and of course, this is bankruptcy remote and it is a very important aspect of using Mudaraba in Islamic business.


This is I've done about six talks. This is my last one with this voice the whole week It started like this So I'm Henrik and welcome to this one-hour dose of a scrum blasphemy, right? We're gonna talk about what to do when scrum doesn't work Bit of a sensitive topic for scrum trainers and I actually am a scrum trainer, which gives me the excuse to make fun of scrum trainers Um Quick background I'm a coach. I help companies improve and scrum is one of the toolkits that I use but Sometimes things don't turn out as planned. So I'm gonna talk a little bit about Pretty much typical things that you might or how you might think if you know if you're noticing that scrum is not working And this is the one-minute summary of scrum I'm assuming most of you know, but just gonna give you the one-minute summary Which is pretty much scrum in a nutshell split your organization into teams Split the thing you're gonna build into pieces so you don't build it all at once Split time Intersections right sprints iterations and then opts order these pieces by some kind of notion of business value and Then implement take a cross-functional self-organizing team and have them pull one little piece at a time work on that for this Specific time period and then release something look at it learn from it and do it again Right so inspect and adapt to one piece at a time learn as we go improve as we go adapt this and Most importantly do retrospectives and improve our process as well, right? So we're adapting the product We're adapting the process So in in summary instead of having a large group spending a long time building a huge thing scrum is really about having a small team spending a little time building a small thing But integrating regularly to see the whole this is the thinking behind scrum right regardless of all the roles and artifacts and details Okay, so how many here have been involved in a scrum project? Which is just about everybody I keep your hands up everybody except one okay, two Have you seen cases where the general opinion was scrum isn't working for us hands up That would be about a half that's interesting about half of the group scrum isn't working for us So there's like like a doctor you don't want to just you know start the treatment without doing a diagnosis, right? So I'm gonna give you a guideline a set of five different things you might check for in order just like a good doctor, right? And we're gonna go through each one using the process wrong blaming the messenger being impatient not adapting the process


Hello everybody, welcome back to another Adobe Premiere Pro 2022 tutorial. This one I'm going to show you how to green screen like a professional and I'm going to do it very very quickly and I'm going to try not to skip any steps so just roll with me let's go. Here's the original footage here on the left side I'll show you and if you look at it you're going to say hey that looks very poorly lit and there's dark spots increases on the on it on the green screen you're right it's very very badly lit and it's deliberately chosen because if you can green screen this then you can screen screen anything really and if you've got a homemade setup and you don't have three-point lighting don't worry about it I'm going to show you how to get around all that stuff so anyways I then screened it here and then just to show you what the final output looks like here I put a red background behind it and there we go so let's just start from scratch so I'm going to delete all of this stuff including all of these other pieces so that you can see how it goes step one to end okay first step bring in your footage like I've done here into the project panel drag and drop it onto the timeline presto the next step is you want to go to your effects panel for me it's right here if you don't see it go to window make sure the check mark beside effects now go to ultra key if you type in ultra you'll see under video effects keying ultra ultra key drag and drop that on there when you do that nothing happens but you want to now head over to your effect controls panel so for me it's over there again if you don't see it make sure there's a check mark beside it okay we're in the effects control panels we're going to go down to ultra key ultra key allows us to do a lot of things but what the big one we want to do first off is adjust the key color it defaults to black which is of no value left click on that and then I'm going to go ahead and left click on this stopper and then now when I drag it you'll see the eyedropper still selected and I'm going to select the green but notice that I'm not selecting a bright green I'm selecting a dark green because it's easier to go ahead and adjust darker colors and it is to adjust properly lit color so we're going to pick a harder color like this green here all right good stuff we're in composite and you can see here that well we got rid of this outside edge but here is obviously not correct so let's just start getting to work here so we're going to drop down the first one which is matte generation and we're going to go ahead and adjust the highlight watch what happens when I adjust the highlight we can adjust it to zero and we get an interesting effect so I'm going to drop down to zero for now and I'm going to increase the transparency let's see where we're at let's increase the transparency to about let's go to about 50 for now you'll see here that it's still got a bit of a background here so we're not where we want to be pedestal is one if we jack that up we want to jack that up to about 32 for this example again we're trying to get rid of the background color but leave her in the shot so let's just scan through it now and we're getting there it's actually pretty close 50 050 50 32 for this one okay good stuff now let's do a check here so I'm currently we're in ultra key the output set to composite I'm going to go ahead and adjust it to alpha channel now take a look here when I scan through it it looks pretty good but you guys have probably seen green screen footage with the sparkly effect in the shoulders and sometimes in the head in the hair well I can guarantee you that's happening because if you look at the composite you see some gray in here with the white so we're going to try and get rid of that so let's go ahead and just start hitting some buttons here so for me I'm going to go ahead and increase the transparency a little bit past 50 so I'm going to go to about okay no we're going to no change that we're going to go to about 37 let's see what this looks like do we see any degree okay nope the pedestal if you're not sure you can always move it up a little bit I like to keep it pretty high just because you might lose a little wisp of hair or two but that doesn't really matter in the long in the long run so let's go back to composite okay let's take a look now hit spacebar okay we've got her in a spot where I'm pretty happy with it this is all these other things here's matte spill and color correction matte and spill suppression are not really necessary in most cases color correction is interesting in this particular shot because she's not very well lit so what I like to do in this one is I'm going to increase the luminance so that she looks like she's been lit from a front facing camera and luminance is for light basically just means how much light is being let in so let's take a look at this okay I like this I'm going to go ahead and export it so I'm going to go to file export media all right good stuff now this is incredibly important do not skip this step you're going to notice that for me it's set to h264 high quality 1080 whatever this is not correct what you want to do is you want to switch down here there's a few different options but the one I like to use as easy as quick time and importantly and this is incredibly important the preset that you select needs to say with alpha so for this one I've got apple pro res 4444 with alpha you need that alpha channel because the alpha channel is the transparency channel so when that's ready to go I'm just going to go ahead and zip this to I don't know let's go set it to movie you want to set it in movie sure we do why not who cares and then hit export good now we're going to run one quick test on it so I'm going to go ahead and grab that video so where did I put it in movies yeah in movies and maybe it's which one is it is this one or that one I think it's this one here bring that one in there we go I'm going to go ahead and put this on a track video track two just to test it again you don't have to do this there's 99.99% chance you did it right but just in case I'm just going to take a look and then for me I'm going to create a color mat and I'm going to make a red one this is this isn't stuff that you need to know how to do I'm just showing you that the effect worked so I'm just going to create the color mat and put it underneath and we're going to test it so here's the output and it looks pretty good guys that's how you that's how you uh green screen terrible footage inside adobe premiere pro 2022 thanks for watching be back soon