All set. All right. So welcome. Hello. Good afternoon. Happy Friday afternoon TGIF. Welcome to our briefing today climate summit recap Key outcomes and what comes next. I'm Dan Berset. I'm the executive director of the environmental and energy study Institute And I'd like to start today by thanking senator Menendez and his excellent staff at the Senate Foreign Relations Committee And in his personal office for being our hosts today and helping us get this great room and great setup EESI It was founded in 1984 on a bipartisan basis to provide policymaker education With a focus on Congress and in 1988 we made climate change our focus Today we provide educational resources like this briefings For the last couple years. They've been primarily online. We're getting back to the in-person briefings, which is great fun We also do a lot of writing articles fact sheets issue briefs Reports things like that. We also have a podcast that comes out every couple weeks We have a really excellent bi-weekly newsletter called climate change solutions that my colleague Savannah who's out at the front out of the Welcome desk edits and that's a great way to keep track of everything happening in climate policy in Congress And so if you haven't already signed up for it, I really encourage you to do that We Today is actually the last Briefing of calendar year 2022 That's there's like a 99.44 percent certainty there. There's a little chance we might do one more, but I don't really think so So thanks very much for making this such a great turnout. We have a great online audience as well We'll be back next year.  We're also going to be putting a special emphasis on farm bill And so many of you will have to become farm bill experts in the next few months And your colleagues who aren't even at Congress yet or in Congress yet will have to do the same And so we'll have a lot of really great briefings and fact sheets starting to roll out in the next few weeks And we'll be looking out for you on that The most recent series of briefings and in fact today is the fifth in the series We did a series of briefings around cop 27 that stands for the conference of parties number 27 We did what we called coptober, which was a four-part series that actually bled into November a little bit And we're going to I'm mentioning this because a lot of the topics that our panelists will talk today We actually covered in greater depth in some of these previous briefings So on October 12th, we looked at the key findings from the newest global assessment report on climate change on October 20th. We looked at climate change loss and damage, which is will be a big topic of what we're about to have Natural climate solutions and that was October 28th And that was one that we presented in partnership with our friends at us nature for climate And then the final one was what's on the table for the negotiations and that was on November 2nd During cop we did a cop 27. We did a daily newsletter. We also have an announcements and reports tracker So if you want to go back and look it back at any of the announcements And there were lots and lots of announcements at cop 27 We have a really easy way for you to find those and everything's available as always at I'm going to introduce our panelists in a moment. We actually have a special guest joining us via video recording But before I do that for our online audience, we will have an opportunity for you to ask questions The best way to do that is to follow us on Twitter at EESI online You can also send us an email ask at EESI org. That's ASK at EESI org But since we have a great in-person audience today We will also be taking questions from you all and so we'll have a floating mic if you have questions Please save them until the end until after our fourth presenter and then we'll have a robust Conversation and we'll do our best to get to everybody and if you Have a question that you think of later most of my colleagues Are wearing pins like this and Anna is up here and Savannah's out there and Molly's up here in the front row So if you have questions that you didn't get answered just come find us afterwards and we'd love to network and exchange cards and all that We have a special video intro and so I'm going to introduce our good friend senator Jackie Rosen Senator Rosen is a member of the armed services committee homeland security and government affairs committee commerce science and transportation Committee small business and entrepreneurship committee health education labor and pensions committee and the special committee on aging Senator Rosen is known for getting things done and she is consistently ranked among the most bipartisan senators In fact more than 90% of the legislation. She's introduced in the Senate has received bipartisan support Senator Rosen is also a key champion of education especially science technology engineering and math education and she especially highlights Female role models to inspire young women and girls about pursuing STEM opportunities So we're joined by her by by video with senator Rosen today. So I'll turn it over to her Hi, I'm Jackie Rosen and it's my honor to represent Nevada in the United States Senate I want to thank the Environmental and Energy Study Institute for hosting this summit and to highlight the achievements made during COP 27 I Was a proud to attend COP 26 last year and although I wasn't able to be there at this year's conference It is crucial that Congress remain engaged in the process and goals coming out of this important form to address climate change As you know the climate crisis presents a serious threat for our world our country for our health and our economy And in my state of Nevada, we're feeling the effects of the climate crisis We're experiencing extreme heat Increasingly severe drought and more frequent wildfires which are affecting the air quality keeping people from work and disrupting businesses That's why taking action to address these issues will not only save lives But it also presents an enormous opportunity for our nation to be the leader in clean energy jobs This would be a benefit states like Nevada, which is already a leader in solar wind and geothermal energy I'm proud of the historic action Congress took this year to tackle the climate crisis By making the biggest investment in clean energy in history Through the Inflation Reduction Act that I helped pass we invested billions in clean energy jobs and manufacturing Clean energy manufacturing well provides a clear opportunity to increase our manufacturing Competitiveness and ensure that the United States leads the world in fighting for a clean renewable future As a member of the bipartisan climate solutions caucus It's important for me that we work across the aisle to advance our clean energy economy And I remain confident that we can continue to take legislative action to both address this crisis While using it as an opportunity to create good paying jobs in a bipartisan way Coming out of COP 27 I will continue working with my colleagues to ensure that we take the legislative action that helps our climate Bolsters our clean energy future Creates jobs and new opportunities And allows us to live up to our global commitments Thank you Well, thanks to senator rosen for joining us today via a video and thanks to her great staff for helping to make that possible we have four panelists today that are all stars and We I'm really looking forward to this Got to know a couple of them when I was at COP my first COP was COP 27 and Really really excited about our presentations today. So without any further ado, I'm going to introduce our first presenter And that's jesse young since February 2021 jesse young has served a senior advisor to us special presidential envoy for climate john carry Prior to that he was the climate change policy lead at oxfam america, which is a global anti-poverty nonprofit He previously served as a senior advisor in the office to the special or of the special envoy for climate change at the US State Department Where he was part of the team that helped negotiate the paris agreement in 2015 Before that he worked as a policy advisor to senator chris murphy Where he focused on environment energy and transportation issues He has a master's degree in global policy from johns hopkins university school of advanced international studies And uh, really happy to have you today jesse. I'll turn the lectern over to you So thanks so much to daniel and edsi and forever and for being here today really excited to be a part of this Panel it's funny when you go to these conferences. They're Two weeks long. There's 44 000 people So you can have a radically different experience at one of these conferences from everyone else I'm actually really interested in seeing what other people's impressions were given how Diverse a set of actors that we gather at these things. They're routinely I think the world's largest diplomatic gatherings in the world by a factor of 10 probably um I should also say that this was my eighth one of these conferences and a variety of capacities And I remember one of the first ones I went to when I was working in the obama administration I asked our deputy envoy at the time. I said just Between friends, do you have any idea what's going on here? And he said no, absolutely not It's completely impossible to what's to see what's going on at any given time Even just the formal agenda, which is only maybe a fourth of the cop There's four or five dozen agenda items meeting in different rooms in any given time The unftrpc puts out a decision matrix of all the decisional documents that come out of a cop every year I was looking at it yesterday. There's maybe 30 of them out of this cop 30 individual documents Many of which run to 10 or 15 pages. So The complexity and scope of these events is sort of irreducible at a certain level And so I'll just talk a little bit about what I perceived there and what some of the u.s Role was and trying to enhance climate ambition and build on the framework of the Paris Agreement, but as I said, there's You know, it's like the blind men with the elephant. There's a million different way to sort of consider the the diplomatic contours of these events um As those of you who pay attention to these things probably know there's sort of Two cops that take place in parallel At each of these meetings. One is the formal negotiations agenda where my negotiator colleagues at the u.s State Department of the agencies are working on all of those specific questions They're writing guidance and rules and building out the framework of the Paris Agreement in a very sort of slow iterative diplomatic process with a 197 parties And then in parallel to that is the political track Which is where I spend more of my time and a lot of my colleagues here spend their time Which is what are countries doing? What are businesses doing? What are nonprofits up to at these conferences? Are they striking bilateral deals with each other our multilateral development banks stepping forward or businesses making new Climate pledges those aren't governed within sort of the technical processes of the Paris Agreement But they're just as if not more important a lot of the time in terms of assessing Whether the global community is doing more to fight climate change than it was the year before or whether we're backsliding um The administration talks a lot about having an all-of-government approach to climate and that's more than a slogan And there's no better showcase for that than a COP meeting like this in addition to the president. We had pretty much every cabinet level agency you can imagine including Uh, the usa id administrator Samantha power secretary of energy jennifer granholm the usa USDA secretary mr. Vilsack The epa administrator Regan the executive directors of the development finance corporation the export import bank the million challenge corporation the president's director of the national economic council brian deis the chair of the Excuse me the council on environmental quality of the white house bretna mallory Alizadee the president's national climate advisor on and on and on and on and on and then just a wealth of Sub-cabinet officials and folks running around because it is a really useful opportunity to not just showcase what the united states is doing In this case talking a lot about the inflation reduction act and the catalytic effect that's going to have on climate ambition in the us but also Trying to help other countries enable greater ambition working with the private sector and our bilateral partners and multilateral actors to do more on climate So there's an enormous amount going on there Um, I should mention sort of big picture the way we try and assess the success of these cops There's a lot of different ways One of them is are we moving forward in terms of climate ambition? Are we getting closer to meeting the paris agreements overall temperature limit of limiting man-made warming to 1.5 degrees by mid century? We're getting farther away In general, I think we made a lot of good progress obviously recognizing that the world is not moving fast enough There, you know, we I think we held the line on all of the Ambition commitments flowing out of cop 26 the Glasgow summit that took place in november of last year since then 30 new countries have strengthened their target since that meeting Including australia announcing a new target egypt announcing a new target mexico and tandem with the u.s Announcing a new target at cop 27. They'll be strengthening their 2030 target and doubling their renewable energy capacity the IEA does assessments after each cop of If every country does what it's going to do, which is a big if right if countries actually meet their pledges How close do we get to the 1.5 degree limit? They said after cop 26 if everyone does what they're going to say you'd get somewhere in the neighborhood of 1.8 degrees Of man-made warming after this cop. They said 1.7 degrees. That's progress. That's something real. That said it's not yet at 1.5 It's nowhere near where we need to be as my boss secretary carry talks about We have a lot more work to do in the system, especially on finance Generating the actual money that is necessary to make a lot of these goals and the Paris architecture possible But we had I think real powerful demonstration of some of the pathways. We're going to try and get there A couple of days actually during the cop itself the g20 summit in Bali the president announced a new Just energy transition partnership announcement with indonesia, which is one of the large developing emitters that we're trying to work with to bring down their emissions We announced a package of 10 billion dollars in new donor finance from developed countries Which is going to leverage another 10 billion dollars in private finance Basically to help indonesia peak its carbon emissions seven years early reach net zero by 2050 Do a lot of things they weren't previously able to do and so that's a I think a model We hope to build on we're already working with on south africa and we hope to do with india And senegal and a lot of other countries that are stepping up to the plate in terms of being able to do more Um We had a just a bajillion Bajillion we had a whole bunch of really interesting announcements that are detailed in the president's fact sheet that I could go through But a lot of really interesting partnerships with the business community partner governments to do more on climate So there was both progress in the formal negotiations and the outcome That I know some of my colleagues are going to talk about here on loss and damage But a lot of really interesting things happening across the board Why don't I stop there Thanks That was a great way to kick off the panel. I really appreciate it. Um, and uh Yeah, I second for those of you who weren't at cop or didn't watch a lot of the coverage secretary. Kerry was literally everywhere He was like I was going to say everywhere nowhere at once, but he didn't he's like a quark But he really did seem to be everywhere. It was pretty incredible. Um We're going to turn now to our second panelist, uh, brendan guy brendan is the director of international climate n r dc He leads a team that seeks to mobilize a step change and international climate finance Accelerate the global energy transition and enhance climate action from major economies Guy is taught global climate policy at oxford university's uh, black, um blavatnik school of government and american university school of international service Brendan, welcome to the briefing today. The lectern lectern is yours Uh, thank you so much for this invitation to speak. Uh, it's really important coming out having a chance to digest This cop as i'm sure everyone here can attest. Uh, it was a bit of a whirlwind So having a chance to catch our breath and assess, uh, where we're at and where we need to To chart going forward is just really immensely useful. So thanks to the esi team for doing that Not that anyone should be competing for the number of cops that they've attended But this was my ninth cop and I can tell you that it has changed dramatically from that original cop It went to in 2013 to this one just from the almost entire focus on negotiations To as jessey said almost entirely still negotiations being important But most of the energy most of the dynamism really being in the kind of the real world deals commitments And that kind of outside action that's happening in and around cops Uh, so just really interesting to see that change even in the you know, number of years I've been doing this and many others probably have been doing it for more Um, so i'm going to talk just about a few um key takeaways building a little bit on what jessey said Mostly on the mitigation domain Uh, some of the ambition pieces and as well as on the finance um and where we need where we got to And where we need to go Uh going forward on all three of those so first on mitigation, uh, as jessey somewhat alluded to Coming into cop. Um, we had n dc's nationally determined Contributions, uh that came through the paris agreement from countries that added up to about if they're implemented 2.4 degrees Celsius of warming Best case scenario if all the commitments including some of the longer term net zero ones are implemented from state cities and others In case he will we'll speak to you later that gets you to about 1.7 So again, we are making significant progress and that's from about four degrees celsius about a decade or so ago and Before the paris agreement So that's really starting to move that needle and bend that curve But obviously we need to actually implement all those commitments and then continue to to drive forward Um, so the cop really does provide this really important platform as kind of a forcing function Um as a really, you know diplomatic leverage point to bring a lot of these commitments and initiatives together So maybe able to speak about five of the ones that we thought were particularly important So one was actually one jessey mentioned um on that was now it's actually at the g20 But the indonesian just energy transition partnership really important to see this model Kind of being proven out again 20 billion dollars to Basically take indonesia out of coal and transition them towards renewables So really important to get that financing package both from from donor countries as well as from the banks And other and multilateral developing banks and private banks together to actually make that happen The second one was south africa. They announced a just energy transition partnership at last year's cop So kind of setting this model and they announced their more detailed investment plan that actually shows the need They identified a need of 68 billion dollars over the next five years or so So real money obviously not all that is coming from public sources But you know catalytic part from public sources How do you crowd in the private sector bring multilateral development banks and others along to actually achieve some of those needs to identify A third one almost a mini jet P you might call it was Egypt, so this was a 500 million dollar deal With us europeans and others basically to transition Egypt and kind of shrink some of its fossil gas consumption again transition it to renewables And Egypt as part of that deal will enhance its climate ambition going forward even further as well Fourth was on china so china although they didn't announce it at cop They signaled that they will be and they have ready their methane action plan Which is going to be released soon their methane emissions are about a fifth of the global total So getting them on board And having a rigorous plan for this decade to reduce really potent warming emissions for methane is just obviously really critical The fifth and final one is a forest and climate leaders partnership that was launched the u.s And ganna are chairing that really trying to look at forest loss and Degradation there were some big commitments made of this at Glasgow So this is actually kind of a delivery mechanism to bring all the the leaders together to actually make that happen in practice There's been a lot of talk of that over the years, but now it's actually getting down down to business The second bucket i'll go to is under ambition, and I also want to walk through five kind of key Pieces we saw from major economies here. So the first one is from India So india is actually well on track to not only meet but exceed its Paris agreements targets And this is mostly because of its massable renewables deployment. They have a target to deploy 500 gigawatts Renewable energy by 2030 Building on some of their their interim targets.  So they they are really stepping up their ambition They've also put more on the table in terms of energy efficiency and other measures Interesting thing that india brought to the table this year was they proposed to phase down all fossil fuels As part of the negotiation So not only coal which was agreed to last year in Glasgow, but also including oil and gas And so it wasn't agreed to on last minute thanks to some opposition from the russians and soddies and others But perhaps that may be something that happens at next year's cop second china China Is actually on track to achieve its ndc goals But we also know they need to to continue doing more especially this decade. There is a some emerging analysis and emerging Evidence, I think that we and many others are seeing that china can actually peak at co2 emissions Well before 2030 as they have committed to and do that at a at a low level and then actually maybe start to Decrease their emissions significantly this decade We have done some analysis with some chinese counterparts that looks at the top coal consuming sectors in china Steel cement coal chemicals power and found that they can all collectively peak by 2025 So if you get that 2025 peak the overall peak is not far behind and then you can start plateauing and actually bringing it down meaningfully again well before 2030 Third on the eu the eu is working very hard to spite the war and the energy crisis they're in to implement their european green deal Which looks at reducing emissions 55 percent this decade And actually as a result of some of the excel there are some you know short term measures They've taken to bring some coal power, you know back and turn into reserve But actually if you look at the totality of it, they are Just tripling down on their renewables and efficiency and they have signaled that they are in a position to increase their climate target to 57 58 percent going forward So really looking to you know even just despite the headwinds of the war To double down on renewable energy as you know the energy security solution for europe Fourth the u.s. I think there was tremendous appreciation In the hallway is at cop or ira. It was just recognized as a Herculean feat that obviously will get us hopefully on track to reducing emissions about 40 percent this decade Um, I think now the the onus obviously is on you know implementing that swiftly And robustly and then also getting the regulatory agenda And the standards agenda really you know picking up pace to make up that delta to get to the 50 to 55 percent Commitment that the president has made um to in terms of reducing emissions this decade fifth and final brazil This was a real bright spot at the cop President elect lula came he was a basically a total rock star at the cop. He had crowds falling around basically screaming And he recommitted brazil uh to zero Zero deforestation and degradation and again given how intransigent You know the current administration in brazil has been this really has the potential to shift the dial in terms of the global emissions trajectory Just the last thing to note on on ambition is there were calls again coming out of last year But also reiterated again this year for all countries to align their nbc's with 1.5 degrees celsius There are still a number of major emitters who have not yet done that and there will be a summit hosted by the UN secretary general in september of next year alongside the un general assembly that will be a platform where we hope a number of Those leaders will be making those types of commitments Uh third and final just to wrap up on climate finance Climate finance was uh, you know a tough picture. I think but definitely some bright spots that we and others I think are seen to capitalize on First the kind of big picture Developed countries still have not yet met their 100 billion dollar per year commitment To mobilize climate finance for developing countries From 2020 This was an original commitment made in 2009 and was also a core part of the political bargain of getting the paris agreement So, you know, it has certainly eroded some trust in negotiations that non-delivery But I think there is a sense that it will be uh on track to deliver it next year and hopefully even Exceed and go over the 100 billion dollars for 23 24 25 And help make somewhat of an average of 100 billion dollars per year for those for those kind of five years It was also abundantly clear in the hallways and the meeting rooms of cop that You know despite the Incredible and kind of in the stark contrast to the incredible effort around ira The us is not pulling its weight yet on climate finance and this was a really big part Both of the kind of you know internal dynamics as well as the kind of public narrative around cop So I think you know, there are there's just a huge amount of attention both from the world But I think from you know domestic stakeholders as well too of what's going to happen in the year end omnibus Package in terms of spending on climate finance Can we really step up those levels to get it? You know as close as possible if not even achieving the president And his commitment to to get to 11.4 billion dollars per year by next year You know really seeing this as kind of the last best chance to do that um As and as senator rosin said I think uh, you know the crucial role of congress in living up to some of these Global commitments really cannot be you know denied. It is just it's so essential and and the u.s. Can play a really important role in helping to to you know make up some of that shortfall towards the hundred billion Just the last piece i'll mention that i'll wrap up is on some of the more innovative finance This was kind of you know, not really the remit of cop It kind of comes around the margins of cop There was a really strong and growing chorus of countries that are calling for multilateral development bank reform So obviously that happens at the world bank and mdb meetings and imf In terms of other financial institutions, but they are really pushing especially the world bank given they have been You know somewhat of laggard among the other mdbs To put a roadmap forward that shows how they're going to better tackle global challenges Like climate change front and center So there is an onus for for the bank to do that by the end of the year And there's going to be a lot more discussions and I think a number of key Shareholders are really leaning in to get the bank To up its game take more risk and to mobilize more climate finance, especially for adaptation The last thing i'll i'll mention is in terms of some other innovative finance One thing that got a lot of traction at cop with something called the bridge town initiative So this is an initiative put forward by the prime minister of our our vato's me and motley She's a huge champion of climate action Was endorsed by french The french president manual macron. I know there were meetings here discussing it this week as well too And this includes some of the multilateral development bank reform Also goes much broader in terms of some of the the reforms to the architecture of the financial system We need to see to actually mobilize climate finance at scale. So things like re-channeling special drawing rights things like You know suspending debt payments if countries are hit by climate disasters Really innovative but also really practical tools and steps that countries can be taking to help especially the most vulnerable Ideals climate change. So with that I will wrap it up and look forward to the questions. Thank you Thank you so much for that Just mentioned questions I'm going to take a quick pause just to remind everybody that we will have a q&a So for folks in the room If you if you have some questions, we'll have a floating mic We'll get to them after we hear from kasey For folks in our online audience, you can send us an email if you have a question email address to use as ask At esi.org ask at esi.org. You can follow us on twitter at esi online Jesse and brennan haven't used slides, but our next two panelists will and as a reminder all of the presentation Yes, but They're out first of all, they're outside So if you didn't pick them up on your way in your we have some printed copies for you If you want to go back and revisit the presentation If you want to go back and watch the webcast everything will be available online at www.esi.org So you won't miss anything and you won't want to miss what preti has to say Preti bandari the senior advisor in the global climate program in the finance finance center at the world resources institute She provides strategic advice and guidance to the allied for climate transformation by 2025 or act 2025 initiative That focuses Particularly on issues related to adaptation resilience and loss and damage She also provides substantive inputs to supporting international climate action including just transition and climate finance Prior to joining wri Preti was the chief for climate change and disaster disaster risk management at the asian development bank And guided the institution to commit to ambitious climate finance targets In her previous role at the secretariat for the un framework convention on climate change. That's un f triple c She led the support to the international negotiations on the 100 billion dollar climate finance goal And the establishment of the green climate fund and the standing committee on finance preti. Welcome to our briefing today Really looking forward to your presentation Thanks for the opportunity To to make a presentation over here and and to this august gathering And since we are in a competition on how many cops we have all suffered together I stopped counting after 15 cops. So kasey, you have to up that now in your press Well, my gray hair tells you how much I have invested in the process, but but thank you for the attention um, and while Jesse and brendan have you know laid out the broader picture on what this particular cop achieved and Frankly after listening to you I feel a little more heartened about the outcome than I was when I came into the room but I will be presenting um as As dan said on behalf of of this consortium That i'm championing with my colleagues sitting at the back natan chicondi We are a consortium of think tanks from From the south and of course anchored by the world resources institute and basically Amplifying the voices of the vulnerable countries and before I start my presentation as a way of background Why adaptation and loss and damage is important? There are three 3.6 billion almost 40 of the world population living in regions which are vulnerable to adverse impacts of climate change and Currently we are looking at a world Where the temperature has increased by about 1.2 degrees from the pre industrial times and the threshold that Jesse mentioned earlier is 1.5 degrees Before we start getting irreversible impacts or maybe we are already committed to some of them and as the scientists have said Every tenth of a degree increase matters and that's why we are all in it and committing to it despite difficult circumstances the third important thing Why we're talking about adaptation and loss and damage in In one space is because there is a continuum To the extent there are limits to adapting to adverse impacts of climate change Both hard limits in terms of you know What the atmosphere can take or cannot take and the ensuing impacts But also soft limits in that there are certain countries in the world Who do not have the wherewithal The financing or the technology to adapt to climate change. So with these limits coming into play Loss and damage is due to climate change is inevitable With that long background Maybe I can you know point to what the three three particular elements On loss and damage were In this call but before doing that An important development here in the u.s. Just a couple of days back the administration has Has set aside 75 million dollars for three communities Two tribes in alaska and one in the washington state to move to higher grounds in view of Their their habitats being washed out sometime in the near future. So this is a significant adaptation action that is being taken now so that You know the huge losses and damages that may happen in the future are avoided So this is an example here right here from the us And of course you all know what harrick and ian did in florida in terms of 60 to 70 billion Ensured losses and damages. So it's hitting home right here in the us And notwithstanding also the pictures that you saw coming out of pakistan a country that was ravaged by floods A few months back with one third of the country impacted and the building to the order of 30 billion dollars or so as the last estimate goes for for the country to rebuild And recover from that particular event. So this is a reality that is beginning to hit us across the globe not only In developing countries but right home here in the us as well So in that context the three items on loss and damage at at this particular un climate conference that were important Were relating to to an agenda item to discuss funding arrangements for loss and damage This is an issue which has been simmering for the last 30 years 1992 when the framework convention on climate change was forged at that point in time Small island developing states led by one who had tried to get some kind of an insurance mechanism in place For countries that will not be able to address the impacts of climate change. It did not come to pass them The first mention of this particular issue was In 2007 so 1992 to 2007 at that particular cop in bali It was mentioned in bali action plan that some arrangements need to be made again You know, it was an issue that was underplayed and it was only in 2013 that a war saw international mechanism on loss and damage Was instituted but that was also just a knowledge platform nothing going beyond knowledge sharing and you know exchanging the latest on on What the technical elements of loss and damage could be And then, you know, it seems to be a five-yearly, six-yearly cycle of coming back to this issue in earnest and in 2019 A network of institutions technical institutions was established to provide technical assistance to developing countries the so-called Santiago network on loss and damage. The only reason i'm giving you this background is It is the perseverance of of small countries small developing countries that has really led us to the outcome that we are celebrating today At cop 27 on on fund and funding arrangements for loss and damage Finally at cop 26 again The developing countries and this time en masse as the group of 77 and china pushed for a fund On loss and damage and all that they could come out with was a Glasgow dialogue on loss and damage and That led to a lot of angst and disappointment and Last year and earlier this year than developing countries banded again together and you know There was some rare guard action to get this particular agenda on on on the agenda of the cop and in fact this entire Cop 27 could have unraveled if this agenda item had not been adopted and a lot went in diplomatic terms behind the scenes To ensure that the agenda the first day of the cop You know rolled out easily and us of course had to play a part in that also Long with the european countries to come and agree to this agenda item I've already talked about the santiago network on loss and damage operationalizing that At this particular cop was also an important milestone and finally the funding arrangements related to loss and damage Which was of course linked to acceptance of the agenda item So let me talk about the process part of it the first one i've already talked to In terms of the agenda item that was agreed But it is important to note over here that there were certain understandings around the adoption of the agenda item and it related to the issue of compensation and liability This is something that the developed countries have been very very of that That paying for loss and damage may be construed as as as as an admission of You know liability for all the historical emissions by developed countries and may lead May open a door on litigation. So this issue was actually resolved when the paris agreement was agreed to way back in 2015 With that understanding that Having an article on loss and damage is not about compensation and liability. But again this year at cop 27 um That understanding was reiterated and reinforced That talking about funding for loss and damage is not in the context of compensation and liability But more in the context of collaboration and facilitation. So so that was an important caveat built into The adoption of this particular agenda item which allowed for the negotiations To take place for two weeks and a couple of more days since we always now run over the official closing time Of the cops and of course on Santiago network for loss and damage Which was more about providing technical assistance to developing countries to deal with the eventual losses and damages There were issues related To to the mechanics of how this network will work And you know the elements that need to be put into place To kick start that process and that decision was also taken But the highlight of course of the scope was the historical decision To establish funding arrangements and a fund for loss and damage. I don't think any of us Even however optimistic we were Thought that a fund would be established at the scope. We thought it would take another two years For developed countries to come around to thinking about it Or giving the green signal, but yes, I know I have to wrap up, but I'm sorry This this is you know an important issue For vulnerable developing countries. So so this was a significant achievement And it was the the recent funding arrangements other funding arrangements were also talked about there are existing Funds and mechanisms in place both inside the UN and outside the UN and at cop 27 A phrase that became very very popular was a mosaic of solutions. Thanks to the Maldivian minister So, you know, it is let a thousand flowers bloom But for the developing countries getting the fund was critical and the crowning glory of the scope But of course the rubber hits the road now because now a committee has been set up To work out all all that needs to be done to operationalize these funding arrangements and how the fund will work So next year, I think there'll be a bit more wrangling if we thought cop 27 was difficult. I think of the Coming year and cop 28 I will have a full agenda to work with But having said that I think it was an important first step taken And it is being heralded in the context of climate justice By various actors and it is not only the governments who came around for this outcome, but also the youth The advocacy organizations the think tanks and the civil society organizations That push the politicians and the policy makers to take this leap of faith Uh, the next item that I have to talk about is adaptation and because of limitation of time and also a reflection of how adaptation was overshadowed completely by The drive on having an outcome on loss and damage at this particular cop But having said that there were two important Items over here One was the commitment made at the last curve by developed countries to double climate Adaptation financing from 20 billion to 40 billion That may sound like a significant commitment, but it is Very small compared to the needs that I've shown over here in the view graph But having said that that commitment has been made by developed countries and in terms of accountability there will be You know again think tanks like wri Pursuing how this particular commitment is going to be made But the other important issue on adaptation was an agreement on the global goal on adaptation Which is part of the paris agreement the progress on that has been very slow considering that the paris agreement was Way back in 2015 and we are already in 2022 There has been You know Some amount of meandering around it, but finally at cop 27 Now there is an agreement that a framework would be developed And it will be operationalized at the next next cop which would define the global goal on adaptation and recognizing the evolutionary needs Related to impacts depending on how much we would be able to curb temperature increase and ensuing impacts There is a built-in mechanism for reviewing this framework also Every five years. So we're looking forward to what What the glas go pro glas go charmer shake program on global goal and adaptation will Deliver in terms of the framework there have been some very interesting ideas put into place in terms of thresholds thresholds related to survival thresholds related to sdgs or the sustainable development goals or thresholds related to transformational adaptation, but again, uh, you know The the experts would be I think would be putting their heads together in the coming year to to deliver this framework By the next cop I've already talked about adaptation finance and the global goal. Sorry. I didn't Click on the slides, but I should have gone like jesse and Brendan not to have slides and just allow my thinking to You know roll out having said that looking forward as I have already already alluded If we thought cop 27 was difficult I think cop 28 is not going to be a cake walk given the number of things that need to be delivered at cop 28 Which were agreed at cop 27 and apart from that cop 28 in UAE is also supposed to culminate the first global stock take on the paris agreement What has been done until now and you know What is there coming in the future in terms of ratcheting up of ambition as Brendan was talking about and how we need to do on Do more on mitigation adaptation and finance as well And all that is very important not only for cop 28, but also cop 29 year 2024 is when The decisions on the new finance goal will take place and all these elements will flow into that So there's as they say no rest for the wicked and the four of us and many of you over here Will will be quite involved Just leaving a final thought to all of you given You know the stakeholders that you're represent dating Representing over here. I think us leadership has been very very critical in the climate space starting from the framework convention on climate change Starting on the design of the Kyoto protocol. I think us Actually designed it though it walked out of it And also the paris agreement if us had not made that extra effort to engage china I don't think we would have had the paris agreement So I think it behooves the us to continue showing that leadership to ensure that the paris agreement and its goal Goals remain alive. Thank you. And thanks for your patience as well That was great. And we're doing great on time. So that was important to make sure that we get all of that out there Pretty mentioned pakistan and when you go into the pavilion side of negotiations There's tons of pavilions and they all kind of have their own personality in a way the us center was like Where the us sort of the state department one was just like it was incredibly well managed It had like announcements saying when things would start and it was just it was fabulous for participating in events The pakistan pavilion had a slogan written on it And it said what happened in pakistan won't stay in pakistan And anna and I noticed that when we were there and we were like, oh, okay Uh, and it was directly an illusion and they had a really interesting exhibit Interesting and kind of a bad way Exhibit about the terrible flooding that had happened earlier this year. So wanted to mention that I think redi left us off at a great spot. This is complicated stuff And it's only going to get more complicated and having this kind of congressional education around cop Is going to be really important and she mentioned the global stock take and I have a pretty strong hunch that that will be a topic During coptober 2023. So we have other resources about that as well But but that's going to be a really big one Our fourth panelist today is kasey katams Kasey is the executive director of the us climate alliance US climate alliance states are committed to taking real impactful on the ground action that urgently addresses the climate challenge Previously, he served as deputy associate administrator for intergovernmental relations at epa And directed the agency's work with state and local governments Prior to his work with epa kasey was director of federal and interstate affairs for washington governor j insley Serving as the governor's primary advisor on federal policy issues and directing the state of washington's engagement with congress the white house federal agencies and fellow governor's office and he spent five years over on the house side as a policy advisor So he knows his way around capitol hill as well Oh Wow, um It's too late in the afternoon to get into that but kasey welcome to the lectern. I'm really looking forward to your presentation wish me luck Um, all right. I've got my clicker ready to go Um, hi everyone. So i'm kasey katams. I'm executive director of the us climate alliance as you heard from my bio Very passionate about the role of state and local governments. Um And the I think the reason why we're here the reason why we're at cop and what we'll talk about is That states play a huge portion of the us's Implementation of climate action We are both baked into the n dc the n dc relies on actions that state governments As well as local governments are going to be taking we can also go farther than the federal government in many cases We can Innovate and push the envelope and create the next generation of climate actions So we are both critical to the implementation side as well as the raising ambition side When the us shows up on the global stage It's also where we share our experiences with others. There are other Subnational governments. There are regional governments local governments municipal governments all across the globe And it's our opportunity to show up talk about what our states what our governors are doing Encourage others to do the same and try and share and expand The action that we're taking here in the us Um, and so we'll start just by saying a little bit about who we are for folks who are not familiar with us but The us climate alliance is a coalition of 24 Us governors. We're bipartisan. We represent every region of the country And a key part of our background is we were founded In 2017 when former president trump announced his intent to withdraw from the paris climate agreement And take the us out of the global climate fight And so during the trump administration We played a really critical role role in showing up on the international stage and sending a strong signal to the international community That the us was not Going to withdraw from the global climate fight regardless of what was coming out of the federal government at the time So showing up on the international stage and putting on a very strong front about the durability and credibility of us Climate action is core to who we are as a coalition Um, and this is just a little bit to give you a sense of the impact But we are, you know, we're 24, uh 24 governors We represent almost 60 of the economy 55 percent of the us Sorry 60 percent of the us economy 55 percent of the us population And in terms of emissions, we've got 41 percent of the us emissions And so when we talk about what our impact is going to be We have our work cut out for us, uh as well And just this is a little bit about how we structure our work, but our states are tackling emissions across all sectors Um, and so, you know, when we show up on the global stage, what we're talking about is how we're decarbonizing the power sector How we're electrifying transportation how we're making our systems and our infrastructure more climate resilient How are we, uh instilling equity and justice in all of what we do? So this is just a little bit about sort of the work of what we do Um, and I think we had a really positive signal I mean something that we've not talked about here is the mid-term elections happened while we were at cough Which was quite an ordeal for those of us who were seven hours Ahead of the us and so we had to sort of wake up on wednesday morning And I was a little afraid to check twitter the next day. Um 18 of our 24 states had elections, uh during the uh during the mid-term elections this year And voters sent a really strong signal, uh that state climate leadership is what they want to see 12 alliance governors were re-elected all across the country In every single state where alliance governors were not running for reelection because of term limits or because they decided not to run New climate leading governors were elected And so it sent a really strong signal I think it was really sort of felt on the ground at cough People the international community understands us elections. They knew what the result was And they understood That that it was a very positive signal that that climate action was going to continue to move forward And so where you have a lot of work ahead of us Um, and so this just goes into a little bit about why subnational action is so critical um, you know, I think that uh the state department gets a lot of attention and love for good reason, but What our states are doing is really critical And this just gets to the impact of what we're doing if you look at um the alliance, you know We take our net zero commitments really seriously every other year We do an analysis to track what our emissions are and over the last 15 years We reduced our emissions 24 percent and so we are well on track towards meeting our 2025 goals our 2030 goals um And I think as we talk about subnational action One of the key messages that we delivered on the international stage because I think a lot of people internationally don't understand You know subnational governments have different levels of authority everywhere not every subnational government is created equally um in the u.s State governments have a huge amount of authority. That's the way that the u.s constitution was written I think probably the folks in this room are well aware of the system of federalism that we've got But states have primacy over key areas of emissions like power like transportation and so The u.s relies on states and our governors to be able to drive those emissions down And at the same time we're also delivering a lot of other benefits Then we tried to sort of talk about some of the people centric benefits in addition Right because I think that in the walls that we're in right now and the walls of cop. We love to talk about emissions Um, but I think when you're talking to your constituents, they probably want to know about how their air is healthier How there's more clean energy jobs how their economies are growing faster how they're getting more energy from clean sources Um, and so that is a key part of the message that we delivered in addition to our work to reduce emissions um And what I will say is the ira was a very very big part So shout out to all of your bosses who helped deliver the single largest investment in climate investment Uh in u.s history and really sort of globally um That was a key part of the discussion at cop was understanding and digesting what the ira was what it means And what are the next steps? And so part of our key message and why we felt so strongly about how we show up at cop Is because so much of the ira flows through state governments, which you probably are very familiar with but just as a reminder You know the 27 billion dollar greenhouse gas reduction done for example flows through state local tribal and territorial governments It's going to be our job to deploy those zero emission technologies There's five billion dollars for climate pollution reduction grants to supercharge the work that our states are doing And so talking about the work that the ira is going to be fueling forward was a key part of what we talked about at cop Um, and so this is just to give you a sense, you know, we've been showing up at cop for years Uh, that is a key part of who we are as an organization in cop 26. We brought our largest delegation ever We had six governors show up Um at the international stage We also committed to 40 high impact actions And so I think, you know, similar to a lot of other nations cop 26 was a very big focus on Raising ambition and making announcements to new commitments And then you can see this really nice photo of me and governor luhain grisham and governor insley, which our staff put in here um Very cute photo, um But you know, we we showed up and you know, we certainly participated and contributed to the focus at this year's cop On implementation talking about how we were delivering on those high impact actions How our states are moving the ball forward And so we had both governor insley governor luhain grisham as well as More than a dozen officials from five alliance states california, hawaii new jersey, washington and new mexico Um, and the reality is they all play a very important role Governors have a very important role in terms of engaging with their sort of fellow subnational leaders with members of the biden administration Um And then I would say state officials are in many cases meeting with staff And their counterparts across the globe and so there's an important role for both of them to play And so this just gives you a sense of sort of what we were up to while we were on the ground But we do events panel discussions I totally agree with what was said earlier that you know You have sort of the negotiations over here and then just this huge behemoth space where just Untold this is my first cop. So I will I will own that i'm the newbie Um, and it was it was it was staggering To just see the sheer number of events and dialogues taking place And you could just sort of stop by and walk into any of them See, oh that cool discussion is happening on environmental justice. I want to go see what those folks are saying And so our key role was to participate in some of those And so we did events panel discussions They were multilateral and bilateral meetings happening on the sides everywhere You know a lot of our job at the alliance was to make some of those connections between many of our Our delegations who were there So this just gives you a sense of sort of what we were up to Um, you know, I'll give you one example This is from a very cool meeting that I got to participate in with nicholas sturgeon Who's the first minister of scotland who convened a pretty incredible dialogue? This is in one of you know, sort of like delegation offices So all the countries have spaces to take some of these meetings an incredible dialogue with other subnational leaders From south america from australia from canada to talk about how we can get subnational governments More formally recognized and better recognized and acknowledged on the international stage at forums like cop and by the unf triple c Given that we are the folks who often have the levers for delivering on implementation We are the folks who have to deliver on the n dc's And we can also I think increase the strength in many cases of those n dc's by demonstrating how we're going farther than our nation States are going So this is one of many conversations that we were able to have there Um, and so, you know, I'll just sort of circle back and say you know These were some of our core focuses while we were there We focused on the ira making sure the international community understood what it was how we're going to get it done And our opportunity to maximize emissions I think someone said that it's you know, going to get us to maybe 40 percent But the reality is you know, the emissions reductions are modeled somewhere between 37 44 percent depending on You know a number of other factors our job at the state level is to maximize that I would rather us to get to 44 percent than 37 percent Um, and there's also ways that it could maybe even take us further than that. So talking about the ira was a key focus Um durability and credibility is a very big part for us um, you know, I think that there there's a reality that The u.s Has a challenge because of the history of president trump Because people track our elections so closely Part of why it's so important that governors and states show up is to make sure that people understand that Regardless of what happens at the federal level regardless of what happens with the presidential election in 2024 That you're going to have a very strong coalition of this backbone in the u.s Of folks who are going to keep pushing climate action forward regardless of what happens at the at the federal level So we give credibility to what the u.s is committing to we demonstrate the durability of the action And we talk about the role that state and local governments Play in it. Um, and so in some My my summary there's a very nice quote from j. Inslee my former boss Um, but basically subnational actors play a really critical role in delivering domestic and international climate action Where the implementers where the back stops when things happen and political winds shift Um, and so we were really proud to show up and we're looking forward to more cups to come Thanks, right now we are going to shift our focus into the q and a um And you know the ira was a major topic of conversation and you know ira is what Almost four months old. Um Infrastructure investment jobs act is a little more than a year old And so next year we'll also be spending a lot of time at esi In fact, one of our climate camps will be specifically focused looking at iaja and ira implementation because The states are ready And it's going to be really important that the agencies get those dollars out quickly and equitably Because I think you're right the states whether they're alliance members or not the states are ready to go And uh, and so it's going to be really important for that to happen Um, and also it's always a little alarming to check twitter. I don't know what was so special about that one wednesday Seems horrifying, but anyway, um, we're gonna go to our q and a and we will take questions from the audience Molly has a wireless microphone I will do my best to call on you in the order that I see your hands go up But while you're considering your questions, I'm gonna get us started And I'm gonna come back to jesse and we'll go through the panel and I'd like to now that we've heard the presentations I'd like to come back to the idea of or to what the us role at cop 27 was and sort of, you know How would you describe it? Maybe my i'm also all owned and i'm a newbie So i'm not and i'm not going to interject anna's cop history into the competition But she has a lot more experience with cop than me But this was my first one and so this was my first experience with what the us role looks like But you know jesse, how would you describe in a little bit more detail? What the us role at cop 27 was and and maybe why Maybe how the us role contributed to some of the success that prety and your other panelists described Sure, it's a great question. Um, I think we had sort of a good case study during the previous administration I think there were a lot of fears After donald trump took office would the paris agreement fall apart once the us withdrew would other countries follow the us in withdrawal So it was a good test case is sort of what happens when the us Takes its ships and leaves basic from the table of climate ambition the agreement didn't fall apart No other countries left in fact the two countries that had not actually joined the agreement stepped forward and joined after the us left But it was a big hole to fill there was a role that the united states plays in terms of Convening world leaders and especially in the bilateral relationship with china There really aren't a lot of other countries that have had the same success in trying to bring China to the table to do more on climate again A somewhat spotty record, but it's really only a role the united states has played also in terms of rallying the global financial system There as One of the world's largest hubs for financial actors We can play an enormous An enormous role in the process in terms of leveraging all the stuff The case he's talking about that's happening in universities tribal councils businesses states cities all of those folks Um I think we always want to be sort of in the corner of the folks who are pushing maximal ambition at cops And there are a lot of other countries in that space who have been dedicated to this frankly In moments in history when the us pulled out of the Kyoto protocol or pulled out of the paris agreement in 2017 Have been really steadfast So I don't want to make it sound like the us is the indispensable actor without whom climate progress is not possible But I should also mention that I think this was referenced earlier But there were four congressional delegations at the cop this year There is a really really strong participation of a lot of your bosses. We had delegations led by speaker polosi senator carden Gaborino republican from long islands representative john curtis a republican from utah So these are bipartisan groups of members there who are engaging across the ideological spectrum My boss secretary carry met with all of them. It's an enormously useful fora I think for all branches of the federal government to see what the world is doing on climate change It's not just about federal agencies. I should say Brendan please feel free to chime in Yeah, just layer a few thoughts onto that. I think um as we kind of sketch out this was a pretty unique cop I mean last year in glasgo was you know, big fanfare big focus on mitigation given that was kind of where you were in the Cyclope cops, you know new ndc is what was being put on the table This was you know a bit different of a beast in terms of cop You know as an african cop is very focused on rolling up your sleeves And focus on implementation So the kind of you know us leadership that jesse was speaking of you know I think particularly historically and you know Can to this day is very you know well suited on some of the mitigation pieces You know they are helping to bring you know china other major emitters to the table to rally additional mitigation ambition And we saw that through glasgo We saw that again with a lot of you know concrete results and success at this cop as well So I think there was a little bit of a you know somewhat of reorientation too that they made For this cop focused on some of those other issues in terms of adaptation Finance loss and damage as well too on adaptation You I think there was a lot of efforts especially to bring more adaptation finance to africa the president announced Some adaptation efforts there to really scale support both financial and other types of support On finance again, you know, there's you know jet peas and the kind of energy transition packages There's lots of really good work there That's being done and the u.s Is kind of continuing to try to leverage some of these other things outside the kind of official cop process to Actually get to the trillions of dollars that we need And then on loss and damage I mean you know to be honest and pretty people probably speak to this the u.s has been kind of you know traditionally pretty intransigent on loss and damage And to their credit I think in the end game they they did end up coming around so again Kind of a different role in some ways and the u.s Had been has played in in terms of some you know previous cops But I think just one thing to really underscore and pre-team made this point at the end of her Remarks is there is probably no single force when You know that is more effective when they are rallying and leading especially with the power of a strong domestic example than the U.s. There's just very hard to replicate all the tools and the influence that the u.s brings to bear so hopefully we can You know continue to build on that going forward Pretty Brendan gave you a good segue to what I think you're about to say sure now I think One critical moment of the cop where where the energy changed for the positive was after president biden spoke to president Xi Jinping at g20 So that in itself should tell you what role U.s. Can play because there was a marked shift in in the discussions in the negotiations after that till then Everybody was not very hopeful and the second one Which Brendan referred to on loss and damage The fact that the agenda item was agreed. I think u.s. Was the last one holding out and the fact You know that they saw that this was important enough with all the caveats built in And also in the end game When the eu you know proposed or caved in for for a fund us followed and I think it was important. It was important also for retaining the trust with vulnerable developing countries and You know and and showing to them that This cop was not all about mitigation. It was also about Vulnerability it was also about people that you talked about Casey and and protecting lives and livelihoods. So I think Whether we like it or not, you know broadly globally The role that u.s. Plays will always be critical in the climate negotiations Casey from your perspective Yeah, I mean I would just mostly echo what has already been said my organization wouldn't exist our coalition wouldn't exist Had it not been for how critical it was that the u.s. Have a strong Footing on the international stage right that's why governors came together in the first place And I wouldn't have my job and the governors wouldn't have the coalition that they have if it weren't so important What I would add is just the size and scale right like just I mean from an emissions perspective and from an economy perspective That's why the u.s. Showing up is so important is because we're not going to get to 1.5 without the u.s. Um So it's both a matter of inspiring the global community But demonstrating how we're capable of moving an economy of our size and our scale and in my coalition states like california Are bigger than the vast majority of other countries Um, and so the the work that state governments are doing in the u.s In many cases sent as powerful a signal the steps that california is taking for decarbonizing cars and moving away from gas powered vehicles is you know Since as strong a signal is anything on the international stage about showing how you move A huge economy in that direction And then I would just say from the mood in the room, right? I think that you know There was a there was definitely a sense of optimism that everyone walked in because of the ira people could walk in Feeling confident that there is actually a roadmap now of how the u.s Is going to get to its n dc, which I don't think there was there was last year And the I think the way in which people held their breath and then excelled after the election It's just it's very clear that What's happening in the u.s. Has an impact on the mood and the optimism and the ambition that everyone in the global community has As they prepared their own n dcs Thanks for that. I'm going to ask two follow-ups and these are more grab bags But the first one's going to build on something that jesse talked about and those those are the various delegations of members of congress And there was a pretty significant presence, especially on the house republican side Or on the republican side, especially among house members at cop I'm curious if you if anyone on the panel has any thoughts about sort of what that republican engagement specifically looked like I think it was um I saw more reporting of speaker palosis visit than I did for instance of the the the panel that Representative curtis and grave and crenchawn miller meeks gave but thoughts about sort of what that engagement looked like were there any um any specific issues that came up or or just other thoughts and this is again To anyone who'd like it I'll start just by noting. I mean the u.s. Climate Alliance is bipartisan And that is I think a key part of who we are as an organization We've been bipartisan since our founding in 2017 and it and it does show I think going back to what I said about sort of durability That that there is support across the ideological spectrum in the u.s. For advanced climate action I'll note also that indiana governor holcomb who is not a member of the u.s. Climate Alliance showed up at cop And had I think you know, I think pretty impactful. I think was very impactful to have him there Uh to have a presence that was focused on Just the economic potential and job growth potential of clean energy investment someone who's Not committed to what governors in the climate alliance have committed to but who's clearly seeing the benefits of investments in wind and solar And seeing the the economic and job creation potential I would just add really quickly. Um One of our meetings with secretary carry and brian deis and one of the republican delegations was really interesting because it began with Representative garrick graves from in louisiana who's the uh, the republican lead on the house Select climate committee basically began with saying here are the 10 things that I think everything the administration is doing on climate is terrible Went through that and then had a bunch of things where they thought that there was space to collaborate So I think there is obviously significant partisan disagreement on the international climate agenda There's also I think a lot more space for overlap and agreement than you might think Given that I think you are all pretty pretty enmeshed in the difficulties of bipartisan cooperation on climate work domestically here Generally speaking overseas I think there's a lot more overlap in the agendas in terms of promoting american innovation american exports holding other large emitters Accountable making sure that trade barriers are being enforced on the carbon intensity of our exports There's a lot of bipartisan enthusiasm across a lot of this agenda and then I should also mention that As both pretty and brendan talked about Stepping up with the actual Foreign assistance and climate finance is in large part of congressional responsibility We can't generate that on our own in the administration as a function of congress in terms of your control of the purse So we're very much looking to congress in the fy 23 process to Step forward and hopefully enact either the house level or the senate levels in terms of climate finance Because it allows us to do all of those things that members on both sides of the aisle support holding other emitters accountable Protecting vulnerable populations promoting american exports championing american innovation etc Thanks, so we had a second follow-up this one actually came from someone in our online audience and I recognize the name because She was a former coptober briefing panelist I keep her name private for now, but it's a great question and this one's about Pre-D you were just talking about the us and brendan youtube The change in the us position on loss of damage that seemingly occurred at cop 27 and this follow-up question is Not just how it shifted, but what that shift might mean going forward Maybe to build on that a little bit. Are there things that might be possible now or within the realm of possibility Now in the lead up to cop 28 That that might be made A thing Thanks to the us position change and predial turn it to you first, but then open it up to the rest of the panel sure now I think once us exceeds to a particular decision then they put all their might into it so so from that perspective The next year in terms of you know, the work of the transitional committee in establishing the funding arrangements and i'm Amplifying the funding arrangements and not the fund because I think that's what The us was looking on for building on existing institutions building on existing channels And us played a significant role in the transitional committee of the green climate fund And that I can vouch for because I was at the un climate change secretary then They played a fantastic role in terms of seeing that the governance the design of the fund Was robust To be able to deliver the objectives that were being sought so so would you know I'm looking at it very positively that now that they have Agree to come on board that they will put put their full might into it and apart from that I think There there are there were other announcements made at cop 27 By by president biden in terms of contributing to the global shield, which is a g7 initiative The global shield against climate risk about 25 million or 24 million Contribution by the u.s. It may sound like a small amount, but you know How it kind of has a spill over effect in getting the innovation that jesse was talking about innovative financial instruments Into place to be able to pay for loss and damage and also This entire bridge town initiative that we are talking about reforming the global financial system In terms of debt suspension what the international monetary fund can do from its resilience and sustainability trust And we've heard Secretary janet yellow and also talking about the mtb reforms and how that funding could be shifted Into these important agendas. So i'm very optimistic about it other comments from the panel Yeah, I can jump in not too much to add pretty covered it really really well But I think it it does really open up this kind of space for for us to to really play a powerful constructive role I mean, you know instead of having this decision made a year or two kind of down the road We know climate impacts are mounting. They're here now Case in point pakistan that we know that's happening around the world We can actually start rolling up our sleeves on what some of those solutions are and the vehicles to actually You know begin mobilizing resources at scale instead of kind of you know pushing that further down the road So I think it is really important and Fully agree with pretese point that you know the fund will be a very focused piece of the loss and damage equation Even its proponents kind of recognize that it you know has a very kind of bounded scope and scale But some of these broader funding arrangements including the ones pretese was referring to you through the multilateral development banks Some of the you know debt deferment that can happen there Access just a fiscal space to respond to disasters. Some of these tools that can be channeled You know for mitigation and adaptation, but also for loss and damages purposes Are just really exciting to see how we can actually bring some of those online And again the us's role As a shareholder in a lot of those institutions just you know its voice and its voice And its vote is just so powerful So being able to kind of lean in and start aligning some of the stars for the next year or so I think it's just really exciting to see what comes next. Great. Thanks for that We have a question in the audience here in the second row. So we'll and then we've got one in the back So great. Thanks Hi, um, thanks. Yes. Yes. I for Setting this up and for you all to be on the panel learning a lot. It's great Um, curious about any advancements you all saw on data measurement reporting for global greenhouse gas emissions and Kind of how that played out during this cop And this is available to anyone Um, I mean, I I don't know if I'm the right person to speak explicit about this But um, but I know that the UNF triple c sort of adopted. Um a They're sort of high level groups Proposal on net zero emission tracking to I think sort of Tackle the concept of greenwashing and making sure that folks were accountable for their net zero commitments that they were making Um, I think limiting the role of carbon offsets and really sort of honing in on Uh, sort of mitigation and carbon reduction, uh specifically Uh, and so that's certainly something that we that we saw happen that I think is really significant It's something that is reflective. I think of the work that climate alliance states are already doing where we Um, you know are not regularly sort of counting. Um, I think Too too too great an extent offsets towards our Towards our net zero goals And keeping the focus really sort of on reducing greenhouse gas emissions through traditional mitigation and natural climate solutions And so I think it's uh, it's an important signal to the to the global community both sort of Subnational actors national actors. Um, and in in particular, I think private sector and corporate partners that net zero commitments Really have to see the follow through and that folks are accountable for what they commit to at cops I would just add really quickly. Um The um at cop we got up to 150 countries that are now, uh, pledged to the global methane pledge To basically recognize for those of you know methane really potent greenhouse gas Not not all countries actually report on their non co2 emissions And so 95 of the countries that are in the global methane pledge, which is Three fourths of the world have now committed to actually include methane in their climate pledges going forward Which is really important because it's fast acting So it does a lot more warming in the near term to the climate And we also want to make sure countries are actually monitoring or reporting those if you followed the new york times And a lot of other outlets that have climate beats There is an immense amount of work going on right now in satellite tracking of methane emissions And fugitive methane emissions basically things that countries are not aware of or not reporting or not mitigating So it's really important to have accountability on countries actually not just walking the walk on climate ambition But doing a better job of having the ability to monitor their greenhouse gas emissions Yeah, just one other example. That's a great question to add to that So something was uh, well first of all as some folks may be familiar with the kind of national accounting that happens And the the UNFCCC is very slow. Usually the reporting is you know about two years out of date So having a much more, you know up to date information and databases is really critical for making some of these decisions So one thing that was it was kind of launched before this but actually officially got I think announced that COP was Al Gore and a broader consortium announced something called climate trace Which is basically kind of you're nodding So you may know already but real time basically monitoring of emission sources including some of the ones Jesse was referring to you know from satellites from big data from AI And so really trying to get that almost real-time picture of where Countries and even some national actors and corporate emissions are coming from so we can get a handle on them track them And be a lot more effective than actually managing them Thanks for that. We have another question in the back. Yeah. Hi. Um, first off, I'd like to thank the panel for just really coming and Really talking about cop. I'll tell you like the live feed does not give you the full experience But I guess my question is what was the conversation on research shortages? Is there like a plan of action for mobilization? Should we run out of Critical resources such as cobalt nickel something the biden administration has specifically targeted Or is it just simply that we're trying to Beat beat out those resource shortages get our action plans in before we face any real shortages Not an expert in this topic by any means But I I should mention that obviously following the passage of the ships act here from congress earlier this year This is a major focus And it mostly flows not through my office But through the office of the national climate advisor at the white house or basically working through domestic supply chain issues This is where they spend most of their time basically figuring out not just how do you source more renewables in the united states But how do you actually manufacture more of that stuff here? Or if it's not from here making sure we're sustainably sourcing a lot of those things There's been a lot of attention on the domestic content requirements in the ira as folks have pointed out It takes the better part of two years to get an electric vehicle right now So the thought is if we're going to be building out global capacity to do things like bill dvs Some of it should be built here in the united states. Why not create those supply chain pressures here So we can actually meet that unmet demand right now in terms of us But I would not pretend to be an expert on on Cobalt and the various elements you mentioned there Do we have any cobalt experts on the panel? Okay That may be one or maybe we do some follow-up to help you answer your question there. That would be fine because I I don't know I mean, I know cobalt like is a blue color. I think when you look at the crayons, but beyond that Other questions from the audience I just want to make sure we give lots of opportunity. I'm going to keep going because we have I think I can see about Six more minutes. So we do have questions.  There were so many announcements I was I went to the one you mentioned. I think on green hydrogen in egypt. It was super cool Um, but i'm curious like going through the panel and maybe brendon will start with you and then we'll just go through um What announcements from either a country group of countries or coming from a non-sector another sector Do you think could be especially impactful in the near term when it comes to emissions reductions just transition Climate adaptation and any anything that's just especially impactful. I'll start with you Sure. So I mentioned five already So maybe I'll pick a different one other than this five, which I also sort of spoke to you But I think um, the bridge town initiative like again, this was it was, you know Fairly present in some of the head of state section, you know again coming from barbados france Others kind of really putting some weight behind this But I think if we talk about potentially transformational impact This is one of the the areas that I'm most excited about in terms of again reforming the You know international financial architecture to be a lot more responsive to mitigation adaptation loss and damage and other needs so I think You know president macron has said that he is going to convene a summit uh this summer this coming summer Focused on part of the parts of this initiative and even connecting them with with loss and damage as well too And so again with this, uh, you know kind of clock that has been given to the multilateral development banks and others to really start You know shaping up. I think you know having some real milestones From the end of the year Where they will have to kind of do this refresh plan to this macron summit to the un general assembly And some of the you know ambition that needs to be put on the table If you can start to see some of those pieces falling into place in terms of how you're reforming the system Including through the kind of spring and annual meetings of the imf and the world bank I think that starts to really get at some of the transformative Scale that we actually need to get traction on this problem And again the u.s. Just has such a critical role to lean in and use its influence there. Thanks for that pretty Yeah, I know Building on what brandon said I'll I'll Talk about the woman power and mia motley of course and her bridge down initiative I think has been critical in in just shifting the discourse on the subject and in providing some very tangible Ways forward where everybody's struggling, you know to find the money to fund action. So She for sure I would point out nicola sturgeon whom you had the opportunity to meet because it was at cop 26 that she stood out and stood up on the loss and damage agenda and made the first commitment and then philanthropies and other you know Other jurisdictions came in to to make that and then at this cop She she came and doubled that commitment and Even though the money is small, you know, standing up first And sticking your neck out. I think she is important The third important woman and I think senator rosin should be happy that I'm mentioning these women Is christelina george ever? Leading the imf into new territory Regarding the role it can play in building Resilience to climate change not only economic resilience. So so these three powerful women. I think Going to lead us into some very interesting directions Apart from that in terms of announcements. I talked about the global shield against climate risk It is an important initiative even though small But what is important in that? financing structure is What the vulnerable countries brought Their own loss and damage fund which they said they would pilot after cop cop 26 getting that embedded in the global shield. I think is an important Selling point for the global shield also as part of the funding arrangements And the un secretary general's initiative that in the next five years Everybody should have access to early warning systems It is a low-hanging fruit It can save lives Significantly if everybody has access to early warning systems. I think that was a significant announcement He's got many countries including the us behind it And the role of ordinary citizens. I mean you and I And the young people who are really you know pushing pushing the ball over here and pushing the narrative I think all those forces need to be harnessed and taken Casey Yeah, I want to steal one before jesse gets it Um, I feel like I would want to underscore the supplemental methane rule that the by the administration announced and rolled out during the president's visit with administrator reagan, but Methane is obviously an extraordinarily potent greenhouse gas with huge warming potential And the supplemental rule that was put out by epa. I think it's going to go a really long way towards strengthening and building on prior regulatory efforts by the agency to Tackle methane emissions in the oil and gas sector As part of the sort of domestic global plan that they rolled out which incorporates a lot of the actions that Alliance states are taking across our coalition to tackle methane Not just in the oil and gas sector, but also from landfills and from the agricultural sector Um, but so just want to give a I think a shout out to the by the administration for that Which I think is going to be um, really really significant in terms of a warming reduced And jesse you get the last word on this one if you'd like it Yeah, just really quickly brendan mentioned this earlier But this was one of the announcements that the president made while he was at cop this interesting partnership Funded by the u.s in germany and the ebrd the european bank reconstruction development in egypt Which is basically you're going to help retire a bunch of aging fossil fuel infrastructure in egypt Free up some natural gas that egypt produces for those plants for export to europe to deal with their very difficult winter Given the war in ukraine and then build a bunch of renewable energy to backfill that power They're taking off the grid. This is a really cool model in egypt of basically how you Help countries that are struggling with the war in ukraine retire fossil fuel resources and build renewables with the cooperation of several international donors There's something we'd like to see replicated elsewhere Great, thanks. Um, we are at time. I'm going to give our panelists if whoever would like it We have several dozen staff in the room online They're going to get asked on monday by their boss their chief of staff their ld whoever Hey, how was that briefing any top line messages? You would like them to communicate probably has to be a single sentence It has to be easy to write down quickly and remember but anyone want to chime in with a top line message about cop 27 The u.s can't do more on climate change unless congress appropriates money for us to spend overseas to help other countries combat the climate crisis Guess we'll go down the line here Somewhat to echo that. I think the the u.s role and leadership especially on the climate finance piece both the public but also the innovative side cannot be overstated And leading in there is going to be absolutely essential to success on this entire enterprise I would say in this multipolar and multi crisis world The role of us in in Reposing trust and You know Regaining lost ground in the multilateral system where vulnerable countries have a voice. I will be critical moving forward Casey you get the last word feel very powerful with the last word um I I feel like a broken record but um The u.s will not meet its n dc with federal action alone The federal government depends on and will need state and local governments And in particular states and governors to carry the ball forward in partnership And so it's not just an all-of-government approach, but it's got to be an all levels of government approach That's a great way to end it. Thanks to our fabulous panelists. Uh, jesse, brendan, crete and kasey Thank you so much for being with us today Just tremendous panels. Um, if anyone would like to go back and revisit the webcast It'll be available www.esi.org We'll also do uh summary notes in a couple weeks probably before the holidays, uh, and um, also presentation materials Um, I'd also like to say thank you one last time to senator menendez and his great staff at senate foreign relations And in his personal office for helping us get this great room and getting all the av and everything set up I'd like to thank senator rosen for joining us uh via Pre-recorded video remarks and to her staff for making that possible Um, I'd also like to shout out to somebody who isn't with us today And that's helen mountford with climate works. Uh, she was unfortunately not able to join us today But um, she was great and I got to see her at cop 27 as well and learned a lot from what she had to say So just wanted to thank her as well. Uh, uh, she was she was part of the lead up to this We have a lot of esi staff in the room. Um, my colleague anna Savannah molly on the policy team. We also have omri emma Shreya, this is shreya. Shreya is almost done with her fall internship and this is her second in-person briefing She's picked it really well Uh, great intern kurtis our videographer couldn't do this without him daniel bryan He organizes all of these briefings pulls them all together and there are allison and others who are back at the back of the ranch Uh, so thanks to everybody for everything you did to pull today off and I mentioned shreya because she's the best But alina and nick are also the best. Those are our other two fall interns and they're also behind the scenes Doing live tweeting and notes and social media and and all of that stuff My colleague daniel bryan put a link up here on the screen. This is a survey If you have two minutes and you would like to take the survey to tell us how we did Or if you have ideas for future topics or if you had any av issues or anything like that We read every response. Uh, and so it does mean a lot when people have an opportunity to fill that out Um, I'll make I'll end with one last plug There's going to be a lot of stuff happening in the next couple weeks with the holidays and everything and I don't want to say omnibus because I don't want to jinx it but Funding packages and things like that and then we get back. It's a new congress. There's lots The best way to keep up with it all is to subscribe to our bi-weekly newsletter climate change solutions We've got I think the last issue is the 20th and then we'll be back in early january We're gonna have climate camp briefings farm bill briefings farm bill fact sheets all sorts of great stuff And so um, it's all designed specifically for congressional staff to help their bosses do what they need to do So tgif. I hope everyone has a great wednesday Please feel free to hang out network for a minute panelists again. Thank you Have a great weekend as well and thanks for helping us close out our um, well, I think successful cop 27 briefing series Thanks everybody