A very good evening aspirants, we are very happy to bring to your attention that Shankarae's Academy is launching two initiatives for the benefit of aspirants in the mains examination. You all are aware about the mains booster 2023, under which you will be provided 40 mains oriented tests in 90 days. The booster is a quick plan drafted for you to boost your mains score. It starts on October 31st and will include sectional tests, half papers and civil service examination emulators. It is available in both online and offline modes for just 4500 rupees. And on top of that, we are launching a new initiative called SA Augmentar 2023. Under this initiative, you will be provided with four tests to enhance your essays. It is also available in both online and offline modes. You will get a different approach towards essay writing along with pre-essay and post-essay discussions. To further enhance the content of essays, you will be provided with the summarized essay material combined with mentorship. All these offer just 6000 rupees. So grab these chances to kickstart your mains exam preparation and to improve your mains score. And with this note, let us get into the daily Hindi news analysis for the date 20th October 2022. Displayed here are the list of articles that we are going to discuss today. Without any delay, let us get into the article discussion. Today we are going to start our discussion with this text and context article. It reports that China has placed a hold on a joint India-US proposal. The proposal is to designate Lashkar E. Taiba commander Shahid Mahmood under United Nations Security Council's 1267 list of terrorists. This is the crux of the news article given here. In this context, we will learn what is the resolution 1267, adoption of other resolutions relating to 1267 and finally we will also see about the reasons given by China for placing a hold on the adoption procedure of terrorists proposed by India. But before that, the syllabus relevant to the article is highlighted here for your reference. Please go through it. And with this, let us start our discussion. Firstly, we will see briefly about the mandate of UNSC. See the core mandate of the Security Council contained in article 24 clause 1 of the UN Charter is to take primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security. So this is the core mandate of UN Charter and that is exactly why UNSC's permanent member countries are provided with veto power and other countries like India don't have. See this is the basis of the resolution 1267. Now let us see what is resolution 1267 of 1999. See the resolution 1267 of the United Nations Security Council deals with the issue of terrorism. Its main objective is to stop terrorist activities by issuing sanctions against them. See sanctions here means a threatened penalty for disobeying a rule or law. See the resolution 1267 was introduced in the year 1999. And subsequent changes were made in the years 2011 and 2015. See with the adoption of 2011 resolution, the Security Council decided that the list of individuals and entities would be split into two and one of them looked after the Al-Qaeda and the other looked after the Taliban. And again after the adoption of 2015 resolution, the Security Council decided to expand the listing criteria to include the individuals and entities supporting the Islamic state in Iraq and Lebanon which is shortly referred as ISIL. Now this is about the basics of the resolution 1267. Now coming to what is discussed in the article, the resolution of 1267 allows any UN member state to propose adding the name of a terrorist or a terror group to a consolidated list. And this list is maintained by 1267 committee that has affiliations to Al-Qaeda and ISIL. See the article says that China has placed a hold on a joint US Indo resolution. This resolution is to designate the Lashkar-e-Taiba commander Shahid Mahmood as a terrorist affiliated to Al-Qaeda and ISIS. See through placing a hold to the proposed name, China has used its veto power. And as a permanent member of the UNSC, China can do this any number of times. And this is what is discussed in the article. See what is this article about? The article is about the addition of a name of a terrorist in the consolidated list maintained by the 1267 committee. Now what is the criteria for the declaration of terrorists? The criteria includes acts or activities indicating that individual or group or undertaking or any entity is associated with ISIL and Al-Qaeda. This means that they are first participating in the financing, planning, facilitating, preparing or perpetrating of acts in the support of terrorism, second they are supplying, selling or transferring arms and related material to terrorism and third they are recruiting or otherwise supporting acts or activities of ISIL or Al-Qaeda or any cell or derivative thereof. So these are the criteria for which an individual, a group and undertaking or entity is declared as terrorist and they are proposed to be added in the consolidated list. Now coming to the special committee which looks after the resolution 1267. See the committee comprises 15 members of the Security Council and it makes its decisions by consensus. Here 15 nations include permanent members which is 5 countries and non-permanent members which includes 10 countries who are elected from the member states of United Nations. See non-permanent members they are cyclically elected for a period of 2 years. Here know that currently India is one of the 10 non-permanent members to the UNSC. So what does this mean? This means that India is one of the members of the special committee which looks after the resolution 1267. But since it is a non-permanent member it does not have veto power like China. Now coming to the mandate of the committee, see the committee is mandated to oversee the implementation of the sanctions measures and it is mandated to oversee the designated individuals and entities who meet the listing criteria set out in the relevant resolutions. And thirdly it is mandated to consider and decide upon the notifications and requests for exemptions from the sanctions measures. And fourthly it is mandated to consider and decide upon the request to remove a name from the ISIL Al Qaeda sanctions list. Fifthly it is mandated to conduct periodic and specialized reviews of the entries on ISIL and Al Qaeda sanctions list. Sixthly it is mandated to examine the reports presented by the monitoring team. And after that it is mandated to report annually to the Security Council on the implementation of the sanctions measures. And finally it is mandated to conduct the outreach activities. Now these are all the mandates of the 1267 resolution overlooking committee. Now coming to the effects of the sanction. See the effects of the sanctions include three things. One is asset freeze, the other one is travel ban and the third one is arms embargo. Now let's see them one by one. See first of all asset freeze is imposed. See the purpose of the assets freeze is to deny the listed individuals, groups, undertakings and entities the means to support terrorism. It is obvious right? If we cut the finance then they can't support the terrorism. To achieve this it seeks to ensure that no funds and financial assets or economic resources of any kind are available to any individual or any group of terrorism. And this is done for so long as they remain subjected to the sanctions measures. See this particular type of sanction is done to stop the economical support given to the terrorist activities. Now coming to the second one. Do you remember what is the second one? Exactly it is the travel ban. See the purpose of the travel ban is to limit the mobility of the listed individuals. See member states are encouraged to add the name of the listed individuals to their visa watch list and they are also encouraged to add the names of the listed individuals to their national watch list. See this is done to ensure the effective implementation of travel ban. See if they are watched then only we can limit their movement right? And this is about the travel ban. Now thirdly there is this arms embargo. And it is imposed on the sanctioned individual or the group. See the obligation of member states to implement the arms embargo means that they have to prevent the direct or indirect supply, sale or transfer of arms and related material to the sanctioned individual or group. Now apart from this technical advice, assistance or training related to military activities are also prevented to the sanctioned individuals or groups. Now these are all the effects of sanctions on the designated terrorist. Now coming back to the article we saw that China has placed a hold on proposal to add Shahid Mahmood to the 1267 terrorist list right? Now what are all the reasons given by China for that? China says that there is no conclusive evidence to prove the wrongdoing of the accused. And it also said that it needs time to study the issue before coming to a conclusion regarding including Shahid Mahmood in the terrorist list. See the real reason for placing the hold might be to not affect the friendly relation that China maintains with Pakistan. Why is Pakistan coming here? See Pakistan is where Shahid Mahmood is based. So to not offend Pakistan China may have done that. But what is China saying officially? It is saying that there is no conclusive evidence. Now we can't do much here. Why is that? Because China has veto power in UNSC. But India it is a non-permanent member. So what are the ways in which India can rise the issue? See India can rise the issue in the FATF meetings. FATF is nothing but the financial action task force and it was established in the year 1989 by a group of seven summit that is G7 Summit in Paris. See it was established initially to examine and develop measures to combat money laundering. Then subsequently the mandate of FATF got expanded to incorporate efforts to combat terrorist financing in addition to money laundering. Now other than FATF India and US have built their own separate list of most wanted terrorists. See they have done this to document the cases against the terrorist with the view to eventually receiving a global cooperation on banning them. And apart from this India can also rise the issue in Shanghai cooperation organization. See SCO has a separate anti-terrorism structure called RATS. And this RATS is expanded as the regional anti-terrorist structure. Now these are some of the other ways in which India can rise the issue of terrorism in the international arena. Now that's all about this news article discussion. In this discussion we saw about the resolution 1267 of 1999 and adoption of other resolutions relating to it. And we saw the criteria for listing an individual or group in the 1267 consolidated list of terrorists. And finally we ended our discussion by seeing why China has refused to place Shahid Mahmood in the list and what other ways India has to address the issue of terrorism. Now with these points in mind let us move on to the next article discussion. Now have a look at this news article. This news article talks about the vultures. See it is in news because Tamil Nadu launches a mission to save the critically endangered vultures. And why is this mission launched? See India's vulture population is declining at an alarming rate of 96 percentage and that too between 1993 and 2003. So the central government put into place two action plans to protect the species at the national level. The first one was in the year 2006. And the second one is an ongoing plan which is for 2022-2025. One of the important action points in this nationwide plan is the formulation of state level committees to save the critically endangered population of vultures. And following this action point only Tamil Nadu government formed a state level committee to set up an institutional framework for the effective conservation of vultures. And note that in Tamil Nadu four species of vultures are found. And those four species of vultures are given in this news article. They include Oriental white-backed vulture, long-billed vulture, red-headed vulture and Egyptian vulture. Now the state level committee will take steps for monitoring the conservation and recovery of existing vulture sites. So this is the crux of the news article given here. In this context we are going to discuss about vultures in prelims perspective. See vultures are scavenging birds. Know that they have been divided into new world vultures and old world vultures. See new world vultures include the Californian condors and Andean condors. And the old world vultures include the white-romped and red-headed vultures. Now coming to its habitat new world vultures are found in the northern South America and old world vultures are found in Europe, Africa and Asia. But according to government sources there are no vultures in Australia and Antarctica. See these are important facts. Take note of it. Now with respect to India, nine species of vultures exist in India. They include Oriental white-backed vulture, slender-billed vulture, long-billed vulture, Egyptian vulture, red-headed vulture, Indian griffon vulture, Himalayan griffon vulture, Cineria's vulture and bearded vulture. See among them five belong to the genus Gips. And in these five species three of them namely the white-romped vulture, long-billed vulture and the slender-billed vulture they are the residents of India. And the remaining two that is the Eurasian griffon vulture and Himalayan griffon vulture they are largely wintering species. See so far we saw the basics about vulture, their characteristics and habitat. Now we are going to talk about the significance of it. See they play a vital role in the ecosystem by cleaning up the rot and carcasses left in the open environment. So how do they clean the carcasses? See they scavenge on carcasses of animals and thereby helping to keep the environment clean. See here carcasses means the dead flesh of the animals. Now apart from this they also scavenge on human carcasses. See here I'll tell you about the religious practice of the Parsi community regarding the disposal of dead bodies. See what they do is they follow the practice of sky burial where the corpse is exposed to the rays of the sun and the corpse or the dead body is consumed or devoured by birds of prey such as vultures and crows. See why do the Parsi community follow this kind of disposal of dead bodies? See they follow the sky burials in order to cleanly and efficiently dispose the human bodies. So these are all the significance of the vultures. Now we saw that the vulture population is declining. So what does this mean? This means that the removal of a major scavenger from the ecosystem will affect the equilibrium of the ecosystem that is the removal of the vultures from the ecosystem will result in building up of decaying carcasses. Now having said that what causes the declining population of vultures or in other words what are the threats that are faced by the vultures? Firstly there is this poisoning from dichlofenac. See this dichlofenac is used as veterinary non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. It is shortly referred as NSAID and it is used for livestock. See this drug treats the pain and the inflammatory diseases such as gout in the livestock and these livestock when they are dead they become the carcasses for vultures to feed on and the drug which is present in the dead carcasses of the animals affects the vulture and it leads to the death of vultures. See you won't believe this just 0.4 to 0.7 percentage of animal carcasses contaminated with dichlofenac is sufficient to decimate 99 percentage of the vulture populations. So because of this only the Ministry of Environment and Forest released the action plan for vulture conservation in the year 2006 and this included the ban of veterinary use of dichlofenac by the Drugs Controller General of India. Now this is one threat and secondly there is this loss of natural habitats and how is this happening this is due to anthropogenic activities that includes the developmental process and the infrastructure establishments. Now this is one threat and the final one is the electrocution by power lines. See these are the main reasons why the vulture population is declining. Now having seen the threats now let us see the conservation efforts. See the action plan for vulture conservation 2020 to 2025 was launched by Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change and what are all the objectives of this action plan? The first objective is the drug control. Drug control in the sense it ensures the minimum use of dichlofenac and the second objective is to carry out safety testing of available NSAIDs on vultures and to develop new ones which do not affect the vultures and the third objective is to ensure that drug controller general of India must institute a system that automatically removes drug from veterinary use if it is found to be toxic to vultures. See such a system would ensure that drugs other than dichlofenac that are toxic to vultures like achiclofenac and captoprofen are banned for the veterinary use. And the next objective is to focus on upscaling the conservation. See this is done to establish additional conservation breeding centers along with the vulture conservation centers. And the next objective is to implement the vulture safe zone program at eight different places in the country where there are existing populations of vultures. And the next one is to launch conservation plans for the red-headed and the egyptian vultures with breeding programs for both. And then the last objective is to build four rescue centers for different geographical areas like pinjor in the north, bhopal in central India, gawati in northeast and hyderabad in south India. See this is regarding the action plan for vulture conservation 2020 to 2025. And then the next conservation effort is SAVE program. See it is abbreviated as Saving Asia's Vulture from Extension. See it is the consortium of like-minded regional and international organizations. It is created to oversee and coordinate conservation, campaigning and fundraising activities to help the plight of south Asia's vultures. Now coming to the objective of the program it is to save the three critically important species from extension through a single program. They are given in this image here. What are they? They are red-headed vultures, slender build and white-rummed vulture. Know that the SAVE partners are Bombay Natural History Society, Bird Conservation Nepal, RSPB UK, National Trust for Nature Conservation Nepal, International Center for Birds of Prey UK and Zoological Society of London. Now that's all regarding this news article discussion. In this discussion we saw about vultures, their habitat, significance, threats faced by them and some of the conservation efforts taken by the government. With these points in mind let us move on to the next article discussion. See this editorial article here. It speaks about how climate change has affected the people and it also talks about the life which is a perspective announced by our prime minister at the UN climate change conference COP26 last year and then the article also mentions about the India's effort in mitigating climate change and finally about the needed responsibility of the developed countries in climate change mitigation. So in this discussion we are going to see all of these points. See these points are very important because they will definitely help you to write your main's answer in a better way. Now before getting into the discussion go through the syllabus given here it is relevant to the topic that we have taken for discussion. See how is the world today? Today the world is facing multiple crises. It seems like the world is in conflict mode all the time. Now only we are recovering from COVID pandemic. Immediately the war between Russia and Ukraine started and as a consequence of the war the food inflation is spiraling and the cost of living is also becoming high across the world. So to answer my question how is the world today? It is facing multiple crises at a time and due to this situation measures for human development has declined over the time. It is also evident from the recent UNDP's Human Development Report. See the report has warned that the global human development measures has declined across most of the countries in the past two years and the report also cites reasons for this decline and what are those reasons? The report says that the decline is due to the triple planetary crisis which includes climate change, pollution and biodiversity loss. Now you may ask a question. If we have climate change problem, pollution problem and biodiversity loss problem then we can address that also and then we can invest in human development measures also right? Yeah we can address the climate change problem in one hand and we can also invest in human development measures on the other hand but the problem here is that the intensity of these problems are very high. Now how am I saying this? See as per the article nine of the warmest years on record have come in the past decade alone. So out of the 10 years nine were the warmest years and in this year also that is in the year 2022 we have faced record breaking heat waves, floods, droughts and other extreme forms of weather and all these conditions have forced us to face devastating impacts. So this extreme intensity of the problem that is the climate change problem has led to the decline in the human development measures and what can be done to address these problems? See the Paris Agreement and the COP26 summit of the UN climate change conference in Glasgow represented this problem and as an outcome of the summit the countries are taking collective steps to limit greenhouse gas emissions. See this is a positive step. Yeah I agree but then also the commitments will not keep the warming below 1.5 degree Celsius. See this 1.5 degree Celsius is only the target that gives us the best chance to reduce the climate change impacts but what are the experts saying? They are saying that the commitments will not keep the global warming below 1.5 degree Celsius and what is the reason for it? See we have set a target. We are working towards the attainment of the target but what is making the gap increase between our efforts and the target? See it is the individual consumption. We all know that the governments and the industries that emit greenhouse gases are carrying the biggest responsibility for responding to the crisis but at the same time we as people are playing a very large role in driving the unsustainable production methods and these unsustainable production methods are only the cause of the crisis. Now you may ask a question why is unsustainable production methods are existing in the first place? See the main culprit here is the individual consumption rate. If a person is consuming a lot and he is demanding a lot and obviously the industries will produce more right and this leads to unsustainable production methods and this in turn causes devastating impacts in the form of climate change pollution global warming etc. And keeping in mind the importance of an individual contribution to the crisis our prime minister has announced a much needed perspective the life. See life has expanded us lifestyle for environment. See it is as simple as that how our lifestyle should be which suits the environment and this perspective is announced at the UN climate change conference COP26 in November 2021. See the fascinating fact about the perspective that is the life is that it recognizes small individual actions like saving energy at home cycling and using public transport instead of driving your own vehicle eating more plant-based foods and reduce the wastage of foods and leveraging our position as consumers and employees to demand climate friendly choices. Why life is recognizing all these small small actions? See these small small actions only will help in addressing the larger climate change impacts. See have you heard about this? Many of the goals are achieved by deploying small small nudges. Here nudges is nothing but a gentle persuasion technique to encourage positive behavior among people and the perspective which was launched by our prime minister is also based on this only. See in this line UNEP also encourages employing proven nudging techniques such as discouraging food waste by offering small plates and cafeterias, encouraging recycling by making bin lids eye-catching and encouraging cycling by creating cycle paths. From this itself you can see how the nudging technique that is the persuasion technique helps in reinforcing positive behavior among the people. Now according to UNEP data more than two-thirds of greenhouse gas emissions are because of household consumption and lifestyles and because of this only UNEP is advocating for widespread adoption of greener consumption habits. So in the global arena life is seen as a global vision to encourage individual actions and in this lines yesterday our Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi and the UN Secretary General Antonio they both called on the customers across the world to become pro-planet people and they said that this should be done by the year 2027 and how it can be done it can be done by adopting simple lifestyle changes that can collectively lead to transformational change. See pro-planet people it is very simple right we have to become planet people which supports the environment let it grow and we have to sustainably benefit from it. Now you may think many initiatives are like this regarding climate change pollution etc right but will it perform well on ground level don't worry it will definitely perform well. See India has a proven record of individual actions the apt example is the success of Swach Bharat mission we all know what is Swach Bharat mission right it mobilized the individuals and communities to become the drivers of collective good health and sanitation. If we can see the success of Swach Bharat mission we can also see the success of life. See so far we saw that life is about individual actions transforming lifestyle and becoming pro-planet people etc right but at the same time life also advocates for the support of developed countries in climate adaptation and mitigation for the most affected countries. While life is asking the support of developed countries see as we all know the data shows that the average carbon footprint of a person in a high-income country is more than 80 times higher than that of a person in a least developed country and for this reason only life is asking for the support of developed countries it is only fair right if they are polluting the world then they should take part in the mitigation measures also. Now here remember the words of Mahatma Gandhi see the world has enough for everyone's need but not enough for everyone's greed. Now that's all for this article discussion and now like life do you know any other efforts that are taken by India to address climate change see we have seen many efforts taken by Indian government to address climate change in our analysis they include Panchamrit targets announced by again our prime minister at COP 26 there is this international solar alliance coalition for disaster resilient infrastructure and south-south cooperation platforms like this many more are there so I have a task for you go and search for the initiatives taken by Indian government in the global arena to address the climate change and post your answer in the comment section now that's all about this article discussion in this discussion we saw about the current scenario of the world and the crisis faced by the world and the reasons for it and we saw about a new perspective which is life and we also saw about the pro-planet people and finally we ended our discussion by seeing some of the initiatives taken by Indian government to address the climate change now with these points in mind let us move on to the next article discussion now take a look at this news article see it talks about the new credit framework which is a part of national educational policy see this article reports that the draft of new credit framework has been released for the process of public consultations and this is the crux of the news article given here in this context we'll see about new credit framework of national education policy firstly we'll see about water's new credit framework see ncrf is an umbrella framework used for the evaluation of skilling reskilling upskilling accreditation in educational and skilling institutions so this is nothing but an evaluation process now what are the objectives of this framework see the objectives are to seamlessly integrate the credits earned through school education higher education and vocational and skill education then to support educational acceleration for students with gifted learning abilities and the other objective is to recognize skills that are informally obtained through the traditional family inheritance work experience or other methods and finally its objective is to integrate the academic and vocational domains to ensure flexibility and mobility between the two here note that the national credit framework is going to be based on three already existing qualification frameworks so what are the three already existing qualification frameworks they include national higher education qualification framework national skills qualification framework national school education qualification framework so these are some basics about the national credit framework now what is the benefit of having this framework see the benefit of national credit framework is multi-fold see the credit framework will enable broad-based multidisciplinary holistic education with flexible curriculum, creative combinations of subjects. And this is one benefit. See, if NCRF is rightly implemented, it will lead to lifelong learning through multiple entry and exit options. And this benefit is for the students. Now, coming to the benefit for the government, this framework will lead to highly educated trained workforce for Atma Narbar Bharat. Now what is the benefit for the industry? See for the industry, re-skilling and up-skilling of its employees will be made easy. And finally for the institutions, credit calculation mechanism will be made more easier. And uniformity across institutions will be ensured by this new credit framework. Now these are some of the benefits of the national credit framework. See while answering the question, your answer should also be like this. You have to cover multiple perceptions. Here I have covered the benefits for students, institutions, industries, government, like this. If you cover multiple perspectives, then it will be easy for you to get more marks in your main's answer. Now adding to this, know that implementation of this new framework is going to be done through an academic bank of credit, ABC, which could digitally store the academic credits earned from recognized institutions so that the degrees can be awarded taking into account the credits earned. So that's all for this article discussion. In this discussion, we saw about the new credit framework, its objectives, its benefits and we also saw about the academic bank of credit. Now with these points in mind, let us move on to the next article discussion. Now have a look at this news article. This news article talks about the mission def space. See it was launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi at the ongoing defence expo. Now adding to this, he also released the fourth defence indigenization list which bars the import of 101 items after certain timelines. So what does this mean? This means that the items on the list cannot be imported by the services and should be sourced from within the country. See this is done to boost the domestic defence industry and promote the defence exports. And the article also says that during this expo it is affirmed that India is sharing its space science with more than 60 developing countries. One of the greatest examples for this is South Asia satellite. And then the Prime Minister, during this defence expo, unveiled the HTT-40 indigenous trainer aircraft. See it was designed and developed by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited and for the procurement of these trainers, the Cabinet Committee on Security is expected to give its final approval. See all these points together encompasses the cracks of the news article given here. In this context, let us learn about this defence space mission and the South Asia satellite briefly. First of all let us take this defence space mission. See this def space mission was launched for the purpose of developing innovative solutions for the armed forces. So why do we need innovative solutions? See the three armed services they have identified various challenges in space security and technology. And it has to be solved soon. And this is the purpose behind launching this mission. So in this line the mission aims to develop innovative solutions for defence forces to address the space security and technology. And this is done through industry and startups. And importantly the initiative will prepare India for the future possibilities in space domain and will also increase the country's preparation further. See as we saw in the news article there are so many countries with whom India is sharing its space science. And by next year 10 ASEAN countries will also get their real time access to India's satellite data. And not only this even developed countries like Europe and America they are also using our satellite data. And note that this was the first time an opportunity was being given to the private industry in the defence space sector that is space security. See the initiative to capitalise on space technology is an example of what security will mean for any strong nation in the future. Here take the example of ISRO's workhorse which is nothing but the PSLV. See it had carried out more than 53 successful flights and the rocket has attained operational status. And since 1990 ISRO has been providing satellite launch services through PSLVs which launched 345 customer satellites from 34 countries across the globe. Now what is the significance of this for India? See launching of satellites for global clients had earned us approximately $279 million of foreign exchange through the commercial arms. And this is exactly why we have to focus on space technology and its security. And like I said before capitalising on space technology is an example of what security will mean for any strong nation in the future. Now you would have understand why India is working so keenly on space sector and why Prime Minister has launched this mission. Now this is about this news article. See in between we saw about the South Asia satellite right. Now we will see that also briefly. See it is India's first ever South Asia satellite and it was launched on May 2017. The South Asia satellite or the GSAT-9 which is a geosynchronous communications and meteorology satellite is developed by Indian space research organisation. See it is launched for the South Asia association for regional cooperation region that is SARC region. And this idea was mooted by India in 18th SARC summit. So what is it for? We saw that it is a communication and meteorology satellite right. So it is for boosting communication and for improving disaster links among the six neighbours. Now who are those six neighbours? It is the Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Maldives and Sri Lanka. And they are the users of the multi-dimensional facilities provided by the satellite. And this satellite was launched for opening up new horizons of engagement in the region. And also the satellite helps India to carve a unique place for itself in the space diplomacy. Now you may ask a question. See SARC member countries include eight countries right. So if we leave India there should be seven other countries. And why did I say six neighbours? It is because Pakistan is not a part of this project as it had refused to accept India's proposal. And that is exactly why the proposal to name the satellite as SARC satellite was changed to South Asia satellite. Now having said that what are the benefits of the launch of this satellite? See the first benefit is that the countries would benefit in communication, telemedicine, meteorological forecasting and broadcasting. And secondly it is to prove once again that India is the only country in South Asia that has independently launched satellites on indigenously developed launch vehicles. And thirdly geopolitically strengthens India's strong neighbours policy. Now that is all about this particular article discussion. In this article discussion we saw about the important points mentioned in the article. We saw about the defense space mission and the need for it. And finally we ended our discussion by seeing the South Asia satellite. Now with these points in mind let us move on to the next part of the discussion that is the practice prelims question discussion. Today we have three prelims question. I'll solve two of them and one of them is a quiz question for you. Now let us take this first question for a discussion. Which among the following vulture species are not given the status of critically endangered in the IUCN red list? So we have to find the species which is not given the status of critically endangered. Now before answering the question we'll see the table here. See these are the nine species that are found in India. First one is oriental white bagged vulture. It is critically endangered. Slender build vulture and long build vulture. These two are critically endangered. Egyptian vulture endangered. Red headed. Critically endangered. Indian griffon least concerned. Himalayan griffon near threatened. Scenarios vulture near threatened. Bearded vulture near threatened. So what are all the four species that are declared as critically endangered? Oriental white bagged. Slender build. Long build. Red headed. Now see the question again. Here we know that oriental slender build and long build. These three are critically endangered. So what is the odd one out here? This statement two. So what is the correct answer here? The correct answer is option B, two only. Now moving on to the next question. With reference to national education policy, 2020 consider the following statements. See NEP 2020 makes it compulsory for the students in India to learn three languages to promote multi-linguism. The statement is correct. See it is compulsory for students in India to learn three languages. But the most important thing to note here is that Hindi is not made compulsory. Students they have the option to choose any of the languages they prefer. Now coming to the second statement. Out of the three languages two must be native languages belonging to India. And this statement is correct. See we saw that statement one and statement two they both are correct. So what is the correct option here? Correct option is option C both one and two. Now take this third question here. This is only the quiz question for you. Read the question carefully. Think about it for a moment and post your answer in the comment section. Today I have displayed two main questions. So interested aspirants write it and post your answer in the comment section. If you have any queries related to the articles that we discussed today post that also in the comment section. And with this we have come to the end. If you like the video like share and comment and do subscribe to Shankaray's Academy's YouTube channel for further updates. Thank you.


The outside of the egg counts for fewer overall points than the interior. Let's review what you can do to ensure that your entry has good interior quality. First, what is the difference between a blood spot and a meat spot?  It forms when the yolk first enters the ovaduct. Check your 4-H avian bowl manual under Avian Systems for a detailed explanation about the hen's reproductive tract. A meat spot is a little bit of tissue instead of blood. To detect a blood spot or meat spot, you will need to candle the egg. Candling is done by holding an egg up to a strong light source. This allows you to see the egg's interior. You can also see the air cell and the yolk shadow. Use these two factors to select your highest quality eggs. When candling an egg, you can see the size of a blood spot or a meat spot and whether it is scattered or a single spot. In this example, we have a small meat spot. This makes the egg grade B because the spot is less than 1 eighth of an inch in diameter.  Blood spots are reddish in color. A large spot makes the egg inedible and it cannot be sold. The yolk shadow can be used to assess the quality of the egg's proteins. As an egg ages, proteins in the egg white, or albumin, break down reducing the egg white's ability to hold the yolk centered. A fresh egg with high quality proteins will hold the yolk in the middle of the egg, preventing the yolk from hitting the side of the egg. This is important because if the egg could contain a growing embryo, you would not want to hurt it by having it hit the shell. When you candle an egg, spin it slightly to rotate the yolk. This is a grade AA egg. This is an example of a grade B egg with a prominent yolk shadow. Observe the obvious yellow color and how close the yolk gets to the shell. This is a grade A egg with a yolk shadow between that of the AA and B grade eggs. Finally, check the size of the air cell. The larger it is, the lower the quality of the egg's interior. As moisture is lost to aging, the air cell grows larger. This is an air cell for a grade B egg. This is an air cell for a grade A egg. Measuring devices like an egg air cell gauge will help you learn the difference between air cell sizes. Your county 4-H agent has a gauge or you may order a gauge directly from the USDA. This is an example of a grade AA air cell. After you check the air cell and yolk shadow and determine if there are any blood or meat spots present, then you must make your overall grading decision. If you have a AA yolk shadow but an A sized air cell, then you must go with the lower grade. Another example would be an egg with AA grade for yolk shadow and air cell but with a large meat spot. It would be considered inedible because the meat spot contributes the lowest grade. The lowest grade determines the egg's overall grade.


Secretary Montoya, do we have a quorum? Hi, Chair Musor, yes, we do have a quorum. I do believe that Staff Liaison Murray is reaching out to Board Member Garrett to see if she'll be joining us. OK, and do we want to go ahead and start? Yes, we can start whenever you're ready. OK, just go ahead and begin. Hey, if all Board Members can turn their cameras on. My apologies, Board Member Garrett and did let us know that she would not be attending this meeting. And so this is it. We're good to go. OK, thank you, Ms. Murray. OK, welcome, everyone, all participating, all Board Members and City Staff Members to our June 1st City of Santa Rosa Cultural Heritage Board meeting. At this time, I'd like to call the meeting to order and ask Ms. Montoya for a roll call. Hello, Chair Musor. This is Recording Secretary Eileen. I'll be filling in for your regular recording secretary today. Let the record reflect that all Members are present with the exception of Member Garrett. OK, thank you. And if you would, give me your last name again so I can. Cleary. One more time. Cleary. Cary. Cleary, like the word clear and you just add a Y at the end. OK, thank you. Thank you so much. Thank you. Am I hearing on this Zoom stuff? That's an always the best. Anyway, we'll get through it. OK, and moving on to item number two, approval of the minutes. That's like we have any movements, minutes to approve. So we'll move on to item three, public comments. This is the time when any person may address matters not listed on this agenda, but which are within the subject matter of the jurisdiction. The public may comment on the agenda items when the item is called. Each speaker is allowed three minutes. So Ms. Clary, if do we have anyone who would like to comment to the board at this time? We do. Mr. Jeff Bean. And Mr. Bean, you have been given permission to speak. If you would go ahead and introduce yourself prior to making your comment. Thank you. OK, actually it's Mrs. Bean, Shelly Bean, because my husband just had to leave to be with a patient. OK, go ahead. OK. So we were before the Cultural Heritage Board for a concept review March 2 and a landmark alteration permit. And on our last meeting after the final vote, some words were used by board members to describe the meeting. And the words used by the board members were difficult, awkward, unfortunate, unusual, portraying us as if we were rebelling and as if we went ahead and completed the work. When in fact, we were told by the senior planner that we could build brick steps and a brick skirt as long as they were not attached to the house or the foundation. If we left a little space, which we did, then the step and skirt were considered a landscape feature and that it did not require a landmark alteration permit. The steps in the skirt do not touch the foundation or the house. Our brick mason confirmed that the brick skirt is not attached to the foundation but is only attached to the concrete walkway at the bottom edge of the brick. No mortar touches the foundation at all. We were questioned by board member Garrett to be certain that if we replaced any sighting that we would be using the same exact product that was on the house and that we would be using clear heart redwood. We find it very hypocritical that board member Garrett would be so concerned about our sighting being redwood when she had her wood garage door replaced on her 1104 McDonald home with an aluminum garage door. In addition, we don't see any indication that she obtained a landmark alteration permit or went before the cultural heritage board prior to changing her garage door. The integrity of this board is compromised when board members can sit here and fold applicants to standards that they themselves don't follow. Board members should resign if they are not willing to comply with the same requirements that they are asking others to follow. Just serving on this board somehow excused members from complying with the standards, essentially giving them a free pass or should they go through the same process that they require everyone else to go through? Thank you. Thank you. Hey, thank you, Ms. Stain. Thank you. We have no additional hands raised at this time. Okay, seeing no additional, I will close the public comment period. We move on to item number four, board business. I'd like to read our, the cultural heritage board statement of purpose. Principal duties of the board include undertaking and updating historic inventories or surveys recommending designation of landmarks and preservation districts. Revealing proposed alterations to historic buildings and promoting public awareness of preservation issues. If you are in a historic district or would like more information regarding historic districts, please see the processing review procedures for owners of historic properties. With that, moving on to board member reports. Do any of our board members like to make a report at this time? And board member Fennell. Okay, I don't know if this is the right time. I brought this up a year ago, maybe longer. I think that we are not, I'm seeing so much happening in our historic district where we have people doing things to their homes that should require visitation to this board. There's a house in the neighborhood that literally they stripped all of the asbestos siding off of the house, put in new windows, put in new board and baton siding on the house. It's a completely different looking house and it never came before us. We have never seen anything about it. There's been other homes. I think that we as the city maybe on a future agenda item needs to put something together where the ignorance is not gonna be something that we can have going on that we didn't know any better. We didn't know that we put new tarps all over the outside of our house and then removed the asbestos siding and put up new, but it's happening a lot. There's so many things, windows being replaced, siding being replaced and it just depends on walking the dogs in the neighborhood. You see all kinds of new stuff that's being done without benefit of permit or without benefit of oversight from this committee. And I don't, I think that the city needs, we need to do a better job of letting people know what those expectations for living in historic district are because it's really, it's getting bad. You know, there's probably five or six houses in the neighborhood, new fences, new, lots of different things that are happening that shouldn't be happening without coming before us. Six foot fences on front-facing streets that aren't on a corner lot or anything. So there's some stuff that really needs to have some attention. And I don't know what our responsibility as a board member is to, you know, with regard to finding, you know, more information on these houses that have incorrect or work done on them. It hasn't come before us. Board member Fennel, I think what we could do and we'll double check with liaison Murray. But I think if you, this is probably a good discussion topic, we can't really discuss it at this meeting. Yeah, no, I was bringing it up as a future. But I think you could probably make a motion to have this topic put on a future agenda as a board discussion item, because I think it is a good thing to have a discussion on. Okay. I would make a motion that we add an agenda item to an agenda. What is the term going forward as we have this come up? Future agenda. As a future agenda item that we bring this up and have a discussion. And to clarify the process last time, we did a motion, a second and a vote. We only need a motion and a second to get to accomplish this. It's not something the entire board needs to vote on. Okay. So I make that motion. And do we have a second, a board member borne? I second that motion. Okay. Thank you. Okay. And Ms. Murray, just to clarify, I think the item would be to discuss or maybe let me go back to board member Fennell, if you could give kind of just a brief definition of what the discussion would be. The discussion would be with regards to homes that have been modified without benefit of permit by this board. They're in historic homes. Okay. That sounds good. Step one, and just to reiterate the process, we're going to get good at this. The next meeting, we'll go ahead and the board will have to vote as a whole and kind of identify, well, next board meeting is to vote as a whole to get it on to get a third agenda, at which point you'll identify the scope of the discussion. So it's a time to think about it. You can talk, speak amongst yourselves. You just can't do it in groups. So remember you're, you can't have a quorum discussion. You can't, one person can't email everybody. So just limit your discussions to maybe one or two board members, if you choose to do so. Okay, thank you very much. Any other board member reports? Seeing none. Item 4.3, we don't have anything in the other. So we'll be on to item five. Ms. Murray, do you have a department report for us? Well, I'll tell you, my department reports are all about staffing, staffing, staffing. And we've been so short-staffed, I'm so happy to tell you. We have three new city planners coming onboarding this month. Yay! We also have some shifts in the department. Michelle, our, I'm, our host, our meeting host, Michelle Montoya has transferred. She was the planning admin secretary. She is now the department admin secretary and she's really spearheading, kind of overseeing all of the meetings right now, all of the boards. She's taken on a huge chunk of work. Hopefully that's temporary until we can get some additional staffing there. So I wanna make a shout out to her. And for those of you that are familiar with Jessica Jones, who was a supervising planner for the city up until a couple of years ago when she left the city and went to the city of Windsor or the town of Windsor, she came back to the city a few months ago as a supervising planner now in current planning. She was an advanced planning prior to that. And she has just been promoted to deputy director. So that's another thing that we're very, very happy about. I am. So anyways, I wanted to report on that. So the good news, we're getting some really good shifts that are good for the department. And I'm looking forward to coming back and talking about homes that may not have gotten landmark alteration permits. Hey, thank you very much. And congratulations to the promotees and all the movement. And do you think we will be seeing Ms. Clary on a regular basis? I am just filling in for today. But thank you. All right. Okay. Moving forward. Statement of abstentions by board members because we really don't have any landmark items or anything. I don't think there would be any, but I'll just throw it out anyway for anything on the agenda today. Any abstentions? Okay, see none. And then there's no consent items. So that moves us to item eight, our scheduled item 8.1, which is a study session this evening, the Santa Rosa Forward land use circulation alternatives. And we have Amy Nicholson is our presenting planner. So at this point, we're gonna turn it over to Amy. Thank you, Chair Muser and members of the board. Let me go ahead and share my screen. Okay, can you see the presentation? All right, so we'll go ahead and get started here as the board knows, because I believe you've had several other presentations. The city is currently updating its general plan. And this process is known as Santa Rosa Forward. This is really an important opportunity for the community and also decision makers to revisit and rethink community planning policies and also programs. As we know, Santa Rosa has undergone some significant transformation in recent years and conditions are continuing to change pretty quickly, along with the needs of the community. So we really see this as a vital time to make this important update to a very important policy document for the city. Throughout this process, we have been directly engaging the community to identify opportunities and also solutions, whether those be in their neighborhood or elsewhere in the city. We're currently in the alternatives phase or process, we're concluding this. And what this phase looks like is it proposes three different land use and circulation scenarios that the community can respond to. And these were developed based on feedback received from the community during the visioning session that occurred just about a year ago. So as this little pop out shows, we produced an alternatives workbook. So this workbook describes the three different alternatives and also includes some background information. And then throughout the months of February and March, we went out to the community for a number of different discussions. And we're also able to present to the Planning Commission, City Council and Design Review Board in the last few weeks. And thank you for having me this evening to receive your feedback. Just a little bit of background on the general plan update process. We do have a technical advisory committee. So this is a committee of about 75 different individuals, many of whom are city staff, but the committee also includes some of our partner agencies including smart and regional governments. And the role of the TAC is to provide technical support really to ensure that the information going out is accurate and as we move further into the process that what is being proposed is also feasible. The general plan update process also has what's called a community advisory committee. And so the role of this committee is to act as liaisons between city staff and the community to help promote the project and to get others in the community to participate. This slide here shows some of the milestone reports from our general plan update to date. So this started with the community involvement strategy back in August of 2020. And then what's called an existing conditions report which was produced late in 2020. And this is an important foundational document for the general plan update because it provides a lot of background information, demographics related to housing needs, resilience, economic development, which helped to sort of set the scene as we move into the alternatives phase. The briefing book is just sort of an executive summary of that existing conditions report. And I certainly encourage anyone to visit the project website which is sanarosaforward.com to review any of these documents. Then there's the vision statement which was produced last summer. And so this is a statement which was created by the community which describes how they wanna see the city of Santa Rosa in the year 2050. And so really the existing conditions report and the vision statement together help to inform the alternatives workbook. So the alternatives workbook also available on the project webpage and attached as a link to the staff report includes a detailed analysis of the demographic projections, the city's current capacity for housing and anticipated future housing allocations from the state. So each of these three land use and circulation alternatives that I will be presenting assumes 36,000 new housing units by the year 2050. So jumping into the first alternative, this is alternative one called central corridors. This alternative focuses future commercial and residential growth near the city's downtown. And then also the central corridors which feed into the downtown and are connected by way of transit hubs or either the smart stations. In this scenario, we see kind of the yellow shaded areas. So these are the areas where much of the growth is anticipated, the residential and the non-residential growth. And then the transportation improvements are still pretty high level at this time but it's envisioned that under this alternative or scenario that those improvements would really be focused on connecting people to the downtown in a hub and spoke pattern and really investing and improving access to the central part of the city by transit and bike. So again, in this alternative, we're really looking at much of the community's needs being met in the downtown and these areas shaded in yellow. Alternative two also called neighborhood main streets is focusing both residential and non-residential growth around specific neighborhood centers along key corridors. And so here we see a number of kind of red and maroon dots and so those indicate existing or proposed shopping centers and neighborhood commercial centers which oftentimes are a little bit smaller in scale. And then it shows that additional residential growth and non-residential growth would be focused in these yellow bubbles around these shopping centers. Under this alternative, most residents would have convenient access to meet their daily needs from their homes and the transportation improvements would be focused on eliminating sidewalk gaps and expanding a bikeway connections to connect housing to the nearest key corridor or shopping center. Alternative three is distributed housing and this alternative is most similar to what we currently have. So if you think about how the city's currently built out, it would sort of grow in proportion to that. So instead of really high density development in some areas, this alternative envisions more modest intensity development like duplexes, triplexes and courtyard type housing which would be spread throughout the city on parcels that are large enough to accommodate those types of developments. And under this scenario, people would likely have to travel a bit further to meet their daily needs since the new housing growth would be distributed more proportionately across the city. The transportation improvements for this scenario would be focused on the bike network and crosstown connection. Okay, so this slide here just shows the three alternatives side by side and I realize the maps are kind of small but you can just see them all next to each other and look at where a lot of the activity is and see how it's kind of focused in different areas of the city. As I mentioned earlier, we did do quite a bit of community outreach for this particular phase and one of those activities included pop-up events. So we did participate in nine pop-up events going to various community events and other places where people are gathered just to promote the project and ask people to visit the website or take the survey just to get that input. We also hosted five in-person workshops so it was great to have the opportunity to connect with people again in person and we were able to present in both English and Spanish for each of these workshops. We've also had a youth voice contest so we really wanna focus on engaging those in the community that don't typically participate in these long-range planning efforts and so one of the contests for this event set was to ask people to submit photographs about what makes the city a special place and then we also leveraged our relationship with the community advisory committee members to coordinate a variety of meetings and presentations with different organizations throughout the city. We've also had the opportunity to have some listening sessions and focus groups with some of Santa Rosa's equity priority populations. So you'll see those are listed on the right side of the slide. We were able to have two of those conversations, one with individuals with disabilities and another with farm workers and we will continue to have listening sessions with various groups in the community to ensure that we're really hearing from everyone as a part of this process. So at the time that we were doing the pop-ups and the community workshops, we also had a virtual open house available on the website. This was essentially the community workshop in a virtual forum and it allowed people to participate, read about the alternatives and then respond to a number of questions. We also had an online survey which was sort of a different format but again, another way to get residents to participate. I'm gonna just provide a quick summary of what we heard. We do have a full report which is included as an attachment to your staff report if you want to dive in and read up a bit more. But on the theme of economic and housing development, we heard very strongly that residents were interested in new housing and job growth being focused downtown and along the major corridors and also in our neighborhood retail centers. So almost like a mix between the alternative one and alternative two proposals. There were a lot of comments received about keeping new housing growth out of our wildland urban interface areas. We also heard that there was a preference to focus housing downtown but that it needed to be a mix of affordability. So not just affordable units in the downtown and not just above moderate income units. We heard strongly from the community that there was an interest in repurposing our major streets to be multimodal. So that pedestrians and bicyclists could also feel safe and also the importance of preserving our natural ecosystems and resources within the city. There was general disagreement with expanding our street network, building new streets, adding new lanes to add additional vehicle capacities. We really did hear an interest in encouraging and investing in alternative modes of transportation as a part of this update. Not surprisingly, we did hear quite a few comments about the concern of wildfires and just general disaster preparedness. An important point that was brought up is just considering the needs of various individuals including those with disabilities in the event of a natural disaster and the need for evacuation and to really consider what the evacuation opportunities or issues may be with any of the three alternatives. We heard that many people felt that the issues with air quality in Santa Rosa were from either vehicle emissions or wildfire smoke. And just to note here, the second bullet point talks about people who responded to the survey in many cases felt that being able to be involved in community decision making or having access to healthy food wasn't an issue to them. But just an important point to note about who might be participating in some of these surveys. And then in questions related to equity, participants really felt that it was important to have a system to prioritize investments or improvements for each of the neighborhoods within the city and to ensure that every neighborhood has access to parks and community spaces. And then finally, just when asked the question about which alternative was preferred, most respondents appreciated alternative one and two. Alternative two was slightly more favored, but in many cases we heard some comments about taking some components from each of those two alternatives. There were some sort of common themes that we heard from participants about how these alternatives might be refined as we move into the preferred alternative and I'll talk in a moment about what that means. So one of the comments we heard was to focus new housing growth near transit. So either existing transit hubs and malls or planned transit areas and also near the downtown. We did receive many comments about limiting that new growth in the wild and urban interface area, which I previously mentioned, alternative two does show some areas of growth that are in the wooey. And so that was heard pretty strongly throughout our process. So how are these community comments being used? We did receive a wealth of comments through this process. Some of them were in direct response to the three alternatives. Others were a lot more specific and policy related. So there are specific times throughout this process where feedback kind of has its best fit. So we look forward to considering and continuing to use these comments even if they're maybe not used as a part of the preferred alternative phase. So next steps I've been alluding to this preferred alternative, which is the next step in the process which really is a refinement of the alternative. So in many cases a preferred alternative is kind of a blend of two of the proposed alternatives and maybe there's some totally new ideas added in. The preferred alternative is more detailed. So it includes a land use map which will show the allowed land uses on basically a parcel specific basis, how dense the housing development would be on various parcels. And it gets into more detail regarding circulation improvements. Once we create this preferred alternative we'll go back out to the community. So that's at this point targeted for this summer. So in the next few months we'll be going out to the community to learn if we got it right, if we incorporated their comments well and we'll come back also to the various city review authorities to hear from them as well. So with that I'll just conclude and say that we hope that the Cultural Heritage Board can provide some input on the draft alternatives which we can incorporate into the preferred alternative or elsewhere in the process. So I'd be happy to answer any questions and hear from each of you. Thank you. Thank you, Ms. Nixon. I think what we'll do just, we'll go ahead and open it up for public comment first just if we have anybody out there, Ms. Clary. And if not, then we'll close public comment bring it back to the board. I apologize, I was on mute. We have no raised hands at this time. Okay, thank you. Okay, I'll close public comment and bring it back to the board. So I know at this point we're real big picture and I know Ms. Nixon is looking at kind of big picture ideas. We've got three kind of growth alternatives in front of us. So I know she would love to hear comments from us on those alternatives. I have some for her, but I will let the other board members speak first. Thoughts or comments for her, raise your hand. Well, maybe I can get the discussion started. So Ms. Nixon, one of the, I've got just a couple of things for you to keep in mind. And it's based on some history. The downtown station area specific plan seems to align itself best with alternative one if I'm kind of correct with that. And we have had some hard meetings making choices when an applicant comes in and the project doesn't meet the findings of the historic neighborhood, but it meets the findings of the downtown station area specific plan. So it's kind of sets itself up for a collision. And of course the planner presenting it presents it basically with a recommendation for approval. And it's made it really kind of hard on us. And in some cases the projects have had to even go on to for city council approval. We have some hot point areas such as Santa Rosa Avenue, borders, historic neighborhood, B Street, of course with St. Rose. Cherry Street's got a couple, 7th Street as well as college. And the West End and Railroad neighborhoods are gonna face a lot of issues that are gonna come out of transit and housing. So just kind of a thought to keep in mind that the more we can have clarity between the historic neighborhoods and the growth element of like the downtown station area specific plan or whichever alternative so that we don't end up on a collision course of a developer or somebody wanted to do something in a historic neighborhood that meets the downtown areas specific plan but doesn't meet the criteria of the historic neighborhood. And an example that would be a five story building next to a one story building. And to say that the one story building isn't going to be impacted by the five story building. You just can't say that. But with a specific plan, it's okay to say that anyway. So I guess that's, I'll kind of just leave it at that with that comment. Just we can avoid those collisions. Yeah, the thoughts. Vice chair, Chris Ellis. So thanks for the presentation. It's really interesting to see these presented as three alternates. I think personally, the one I was drawn to the most was alternative one, so that the central corridors, I definitely agree with chair Muser that, obviously that's gonna have impact on the historic neighborhoods in that area. So I think I hope that if that was the scenario that we move forward with, there would be some time and attention paid to like the parameters of that so that we understand what we're working with and that we can collaborate on that because I think it will take a lot of collaboration and partnership between development and the cultural heritage board to really make sure that we're preserving the historic nature and quality of these neighborhoods that's so important to all of us. And moving our city forward at the same time, obviously important to all of us too. So some things that, sorry, I think my internet connection might be a little flaky, but some things that jumped out at me with alternate one beyond the historic components was, I think it was mentioned somewhere that alternate two incorporated denser tree canopy and more green spaces. And I think in order to make a livable central corridor, a lot of green space and additional trees and making sure that even if it's densely populated, we still have a lot of greenery because as the climate heats up, pushing everyone together could be pretty miserable in many years. So I think that's an important thing to plan for. Obviously also including additional neighborhood amenities, grocery stores and such is fundamental to making that successful. And again, that would be something that would probably require collaboration and partnership with the Cultural Heritage Board. So we make sure that this development is done sensitively to preserving the historic nature of those groups. So yeah, those are my thoughts. Okay, thank you very much. Other comments? Board Member Finnell. I personally liked the plan too. Better, I liked the use of adding a little bit more retail space rather than just being in the central downtown. There was retail space that was allocated along Santa Rosa Avenue area. And I also really would like to see this plan go forward with thoughtfulness towards, I mean, I think it's great that we want to have transit-oriented planning in the hopes that people will take the train and ride the bus and ride their bike. But until we know that that's actually happening, that we take it at a pace that would show that we're doing the right thing with people are riding the bus and we're building all of our places around the bus, and we're just going to have people that are parking issues all over the place. So I'd like to see if we're ramping up our bus ridership and we're seeing that people are taking the train and let's build in the downtown area. But until we start seeing that happening, I would hate to see us build prematurely, massively without the use of the parking that would be necessary to take care of that. I think that's about all I have right now. Thanks. Thank you, Court Member Fennell. Court Member Warren. Yeah. I love the idea that, I mean, barring anything else. Yeah, the downtown could use a lift and some improvement. But the idea of neighborhoods, not just being sprawling homes or living, but having, so that a neighborhood has some kind of center in terms of retail and that people don't always have to go out of their neighborhood to get what they need. So I think it's something I'm more used to having lived both in New York and San Francisco, that your neighborhood, everything around it becomes vital to your needs. Thank you, Court Member Horne. Member Wang. Thank you, Planner Nicholson. I am also in support of alternative number one because I think it's important to have housing located near the jobs and also take cars off the street. Alternative one seems very similar to what we already have in place in the downtown station area plan. Is that correct? That's just a question. Yes, yeah. It expands slightly north, south, east and west just with the corridors, but it's, yeah, really it is definitely consistent with the downtown plan. So why are we even talking about an alternative to that? Because we already have the station area plan in place. So shouldn't we only be focusing on one? Well, so under these different scenarios, there's still gonna be other parts of the city that will take in, will grow and will change. So we're gonna focus more residential, non-residential growth in the downtown, in alternative one than we might in alternative two or three, but it's not gonna be 100% or even 70% of the growth that we need to accommodate in the next several decades. If there are inconsistencies with the downtown plan and the general plan or really any specific plan, the new general plan, we will have to make amendments and make them consistent, but we can do both things. We can still encourage more density in the downtown while adding density to various neighborhoods outside of the downtown too. I'm not sure if that helps, but. Yes, thank you, thank you. Thank you, any other comments? And I also did wanna say that I do like probably lean heavily towards alternative one, but with a little bit of hybrid of two, there's a lot of growth, housing growth, tremendous housing growth going on South Santa Rosa Avenue. And so there's some opportunity there for probably some commercial development to support some of that housing, like maybe a grocery store or something. So that would be more in the line of alternative two. But anyway, so other comments. Oh, one other thing I wanted to mention. I know in the general plan, there is a historic resource element, correct? And so at some point, Ms. Nixon, will you be, when we get down to the fine details of the plan and everything, we'd be coming back to the board for a review, a draft review of the historic elements of the general plan as well. Yes, thank you for bringing that up because I was going to mention that. So we do have a historic preservation element. And so there are a number of goals and policies related to our preservation districts. And so that we'll be looking at each of those or the entire element to see, do we need to add in new goals and policies or modify some? And so we will be coming back to this board as a part of the preferred alternative. So in another few months, and then when we have the draft general plan, which is really the bulk of the work. So that's where we're gonna have the policies and the goals where it would be wonderful to hear the board's comments on those. And then the way that those are implemented later for projects is when we adopt the zoning code, text amendments. And so we take general plan goals and policies as appropriate and turn them into requirements or standards in our code. So that can be related to process or any other development standard. And then they're applied to projects moving forward. So we certainly look forward to continuing this conversation with the board. Okay, thank you very much. One last question. Do you guys have you thought of doing any public-private partnerships in terms of maybe preserving some historical buildings or maybe help fund some projects with through public-private partnerships? We haven't as a part of this general plan update process, but we're almost getting to the point where we will start having those conversations. We want to make some big moves and to explore things we haven't explored before. So I will take that down as just a question. And I think that we'll be able to have some good conversation about ideas like that in the next few months. Great. I have one more question. Oh, I can't remember when we had a presentation. So is this the downtown station cornerstone? Is this part of all of this planning? That is where the area around Sixth Street on the other side of downtown, the railroad square. Is that the site near the smart station? Right, but it's, I'm trying to, I have this whole thing that I was given when I went over and met with, I can't remember who, but it's that open space. I'm sorry I'm being so flaky. I'm not knowing exactly what I'm talking about, but it's hard to read these things because of a small print. You're referring to the open area on the other side of the railroad tracks? Yeah, I am. Okay, yeah, and we've actually have approved a project for- Right, so just when, I mean, so that's a whole different downtown area. I mean, that doesn't conflict with anything that is planned for the actual downtown. Well, so this general plan update, regardless of what the preferred alternative looks like, is going to cover every parcel in the city. So it will look at that site and all the preservation districts as well. It is probably doubtful though, any zoning at that site would be changed. I would think, you know, but- Right, I mean, and that site is within the downtown station area specific plan boundary as well. So, you know, we did develop new land uses as a part of that specific plan. And then there were specific design standards as well. So I'm not sure, I mean, because this we're still pretty high level if something would change, but because that's such a fresh plan and we really did hear from the community and the development of that, it might not be, you know, something that changes much at all. Thank you, Ms. Nicholson. Thoughts or questions? Okay, well, I think we're about ready to wrap it up. I hope we were able to give you some feedback and how many presentations have you made so far? I think this is the fourth one to city review body. So, and then we, yeah, we had quite a few community ones, but this is I think our last presentation. So thank you for having me and we look forward to seeing you again in a few months and we'll talk more policy, which I know will be a very exciting and interesting time. I appreciate it. I know this kind of high level discussion. Sometimes it's hard to know where to focus, but I think it'll more fun to come. So thanks for listening and I appreciate your time. Well, thank you very much. And it was a great presentation. We appreciate you taking the time to come talk to us as well. Okay, well, with that, I think we do not have any other scheduled items for the board members. So I will call for the German and wish you all a good goodbye. See you next time. Thank you.


The fundamental awareness that this is mortal, if you come to terms with that one thing, there would be no insecurity because there is nothing to gain, nothing to lose in this life. You came with nothing.  Satguruji, my question is, how does one deal with insecurities? How does one deal with insecurity? Life is insecure. There is no security about life because shall I reveal a secret to you?   Is it okay? No?  It's up to you.  Yes or no? If you say, I don't want to die, today you start the chanting, I don't want to die, I don't want to die, I don't want to die. All that will happen is you will not live but you will die. Yes?   Coming to terms with mortality is one very important thing. If you don't come to terms with mortality, you're living in a fancy world of unreal world, not in the real world. The real world is, we come and go. So many countless number of people have come and gone before us, isn't it? You're an institution from 1857. I was just wondering how they started an institution in that year because in that year there was such turmoil all over the country. 1857, lot of upheaval in the country, but somehow somebody managed to start an institution. The soil that you're walking upon, we don't know how many people are buried. Yes or no? All these countless people, a number of people who walk this planet before you and me, where are they? They are all topsoil. Yes or no? This will also become topsoil one day. Unless your friends choose to bury you real deep, fearing you may raise from the dead. There have been certain instances, this happened. There was an old couple in Texas, over seventy-five years each. It was their dream to go to the holy land or the Jerusalem. But because of business and then children, children growing up, going to the university and their marriages and da-da-da, they never made it. When they're over seventy-five years of age, they made the trip to Jerusalem. Jerusalem is a place where every cobblestone reeks of history. So they walked that pathway where Jesus is supposed to have walked. They went to that place where he is supposed to have walked in the water and many things like this. They were overwhelmed by this whole experience. And unfortunately the lady had a heart attack and she died. Then the man was preparing to take her body back to Texas. But then the local people approached and said, See, Jerusalem is the holy land. This is the right place to die. She's done the right thing. So let's do all the rituals here and barrier here. And it just costs you twenty-five thousand dollars. Because if you take her back to Texas, just the transportation costs eighteen thousand dollars. And local charges and in America the cemetery charges are very heavy. All this put together you will spend much more money. And above all she's chosen to die in the holy land. This is where she must be buried. Let's do it. The man said, No, I'm taking her back to Texas. They said, See, you're very distressed because of your wife's depth. You're not able to think straight, we can understand. So we will give you a super discount, fifteen thousand dollars. This is a haggling place, you know? Let's do it. The man thought about it and he said, No, I will take her back to Texas. Then they said, See, it doesn't make sense. I can see you're very distressed. You've lost your wife of forty-five years. So obviously you're very, very distressed. You're not thinking straight at all. We can understand this just because of that.  So we give you an absolute super, super discount. Ten thousand dollars, let's do it. Come on, let's do it, let's do it. You must… what I'm talking, if you want to understand, you must go to Kashi or Hadoor, some place. How these things happen, you know? Then the man thought about it and he said, No, I'm taking her back to Texas. And they threw their hands up and said, Why? What's the problem with you? Ten thousand dollars, let's do it. He said, See, in Texas dead, stay dead. So if you come to terms with your mortality, security, insecurity, all these things will go.  The fundamental awareness that this is mortal, this is here only for a limited amount of time. If this was a regular… you know, a normal conscious thing for you, you would put your life to best use for sure. And if you come to terms with that one thing, there would be no insecurity because there's nothing to gain, nothing to lose in this life. You came with nothing.  Yes or no? Huh? Isn't it so? Did you come with investment? No. You come with nothing.  And anyway, they don't allow you to take a container in the end. So all you have is how profound, intense and beautiful is your experience of life. So don't make too much fuss about it.  No. There's nothing to lose, nothing to gain because you come and you go.  No, it's your life on this planet is like a pop-up. On the computer screen, you've seen these pop-ups? You just pop-up and pop-out. In the meantime, will you rise and shine is the only question, all right? So if, anyway you shine, sometimes you may be seen by people. Sometimes you may not be seen by people. The important is you're shining within yourself and that's all that matters. If people have eyes, they will see it. If they have no eyes, they won't see it. That's their problem. But you are living an intense and profound life. That's all that matters here. If you understand this and if you bring this into your life, insecurity will not happen because security can happen only in death. That's all right? People keep asking me, coming to me and asking me, Sadhguru, please bless us, nothing should happen to us. I say, hey, what kind of blessing is this? My blessing is let everything happen to you. Everything that's life must happen to you.  Please, you must make a decision right now. Have you come here to avoid life or to experience life? Experience life. All the different dimensions of what this life holds must happen to you, isn't it so? If you come to avoid life, there's an ocean right here. You can jump into the ocean. See, if you want to avoid life, you must die. It's a more efficient way of doing things, isn't it?  If you feel insecure, that's what you will do. You will try to avoid life. When you're alive and try to avoid life, it will cause immense misery. When you're alive, you live.  Don't get up from the dead.


I am Dr. Sridhivi Hedde and I have set up this Department of Medical Genetics in the year 1998. It is one of the oldest departments in the country with excellent clinical services and the state-of-the-art diagnostic genetic lab. It's unique because we have all the services under one roof, including the prenatal testing facilities and the labs here. And also we have the specialties connected with the genetic disorders like pediatrics, pediatric neurology, pediatric endocrinology, adult medicines, etc. So the patients don't have to run from place to place. We see a lot of conditions. Genes are responsible for most of the disorders except infectious diseases. We see children with developmental delay, autism, epilepsy or seizures and congenital abnormalities or birth defects. And sometimes parents come because they have had two or more children affected and they are really worried whether they will be able to have a normal child or not. And also pregnant ladies who come with high risk for Down syndrome after screening or they have gone through an ultrasound scanning and they found that their fetus is having some abnormalities. And they are worried whether they should continue their pregnancy, what is happening, whether the fetus will be normal, the baby after delivery will be normal. So we help these patients by doing a clinical assessment or diagnosis and the relevant genetic tests. And once the test results are available, we counsel these patients telling them about the condition, how did it happen, whether it's a familial condition, it's inherited, are the parents' carriers, will it recur again, what about the other family members. So we explain all this and give them the information so that the patients can make an informed choice about what they would like to do. The tests which we do over here include the old-fashioned conventional care-typing, fish results and also the latest modern diagnostic tools which includes something like chromosome microarray, next generation sequencing where we look at about almost 5,000 genes and we also have specialized gene panels like epilepsy panel or muscular dystrophy panel or a cancer panel. So we do these tests based on the clinical diagnosis and once the diagnosis and the lab tests come, we interpret both and do a correlation between the physical manifestations and the genes which are abnormal and then we counsel the patients and explaining to them what exactly is the problem and how to go about it. Supposing a child comes with epilepsy, nowadays most of the patients, the children are given a cocktail of anti-epileptic drugs but when we have done the specific epileptic gene panels and we have found the gene abnormality like for example, a sodium channelopathy defect and then we give them the specific drugs necessary for that sometimes if you give the wrong medicine if it is for a sodium channelopathy which is a blocker so then it will increase the epilepsy whereas if we give the right medicine then that will prevent the epilepsies from occurring further. So with this kind of a clinical diagnosis combined with the gene test and doing the treatment according to the gene defects for each child it's almost going towards a personalized medicine specific for that child.


I just want money that's calm. Teenage never worry about atonement. I ain't never been with a buddy, with a buddy. She come so I added to the tally.


Hi, I'm Pietro Montino. Hi, I am Danilo Pau. So, at BlueIn we are providing engineering solutions in the domains of electronics, embedded software, connected devices, and cloud services. Last year I was looking for a link between high-level AI coding frameworks and embedded microcontroller tool chain. During my researches, I came across Danilo, who introduced me to STM32QBI. And it proved exactly to be what I was looking for. Embedded deep learning was enormously easy. So now our products can exploit their potential by managing and structuring data. The application Pietro has brought to embedded world is very innovative, as it classifies the audio Doppler effect of cars approaching and leaving the microphone of the sensor tile powered by the Ultralow Power STM32L4 microcontroller. So, here we have the Vivaldi Sound Recognition Embedded Suite, powered by STM32QBI technology. The platform extracts intelligent meaning from surrounding sounds and enables the system to take autonomous decision. It targets several sectors, intelligent cities, predictive maintenance for industrial machinery, keyword spotting in robotics, physical event recognition for home automation and safety systems. In this version, we can see the Vivaldi Suite deployed for intelligent city applications. The sensor tile detects moving cars and triggers the possibility of real-time traffic monitoring. So car flows can be optimized and environmental pollution can be reduced. The fact that this device is based on audio makes it a lot cheaper and easier to install than any other. Basically, the sensor tile performs three steps, audio acquisition, audio preprocessing and classification with a pre-train neural network. It's able to distinguish whether a car is approaching or leaving. So it's recognizing the Doppler effect of moving cars. And so the counter is increased when either the Doppler effect is perceived. The next steps will be to increase the number of classes and to introduce regression to calculate the CO2 emissions of the flowing vehicles, connecting different kinds of sensors along the roads, making them directional and making the neural network more robust for running harsh environments. The world of sound is full of meaningful information, so we urge to create breakthrough applications from it. Since January 3, 2019, STM32Cube.ai is available for everybody and can be downloaded from ST.com. As you can see from all our partner testimonials, people are really engaging with this tool and provide great usability feedbacks. So please check out the links to our and Blue Wind website as shown.


A lot went into building Sweetwater, I will tell you that. We conceived of the idea just because the theme of Westworld and the idea of it is that it is immersive entertainment. So to us it seemed like a no-brainer to actually build and extend that story narrative to the real world. South by Southwest has always been about experiences people emerging into brands and going into different activations that have happened. We do think this is one of the largest things that's ever happened at South by Southwest. We literally built a western town in the middle of Texas. There are lots of people involved in this production, obviously. It takes a village to build one. We got a call from HBO, there was an idea to kind of build something around Westworld and we took on that challenge. We actually looked and came down here to find a site that we could do it. We actually came down here and flew drones over what was a ghost town that we ended up transforming into the town of Sweetwater to kind of get a sense of what would be possible within it. World is a huge priority for us and we think the show lends itself to such big ideas and big concepts and we have such a rabid fan base that are looking for experiences and ways we can build out this in-world universe that Joan and Nolan and Lisa Joy have done such an amazing job at creating. How can fans continue to explore the narrative? How can they interact with the characters? How can we as marketers give them little breadcrumbs and teases for season two? Some fun stuff for, I think, casual fans that come to the park. They'll have a great time. They can listen to some music, eat some local Austin food, have a drink. But you'll have fans that are going to be scouring the park, reading every sign, letters from the post office, trying to suss out clues for season two just because we've trained our audience to know that there are little crumbs that we leave out. So the park is actually covered in Easter eggs so those lucky fans will find them will get a taste of season two. It is the ultimate experience. You come in, there's actors, there's music, there's Easter eggs, there's so much stuff going on here. You kind of envelope yourself inside of Westworld.