So, to me, this quest that I'm a part of, it relates to thinking about the early universe, that's the very big. It relates to thinking about the microscopic structure, that's the very small. But it most of all relates to asking the question of how does a complex world come out of simple laws. And that, I think, is the most profound answer to why this is worth doing. Using these tools to share MIT's perspective, MIT's understanding, MIT's vision, MIT's knowledge in a way that will empower people whom I will never meet to change the world. Boom! What's up, everyone? Welcome to Simulation. I'm your host, Alan Sokian. We are at MIT's Open Learning in Cambridge, Massachusetts. We are now going to be talking about all things physics, all things open learning. I'm very excited to have Dr. Krishnan Rajakopal joining us on the show. Hello. Hi there. Thank you so much for coming on. Huge shout out to Sanjay Sarma for introducing us. Thank you. Very grateful. And this is such a cool place. We just had our dean on the show as well. We love open learning, what you guys are doing here. And for those that don't know Krishnan's background, he's dean for digital learning and professor of physics at MIT. His focus is range from quarks in the microseconds old universe to sharing the best of MIT knowledge and perspectives with learners around the globe. And you can check out Krishnan's links below in the bio. All right, let's start things off with one of our favorite questions. What is your current take on the state of our world? Yeah, so I'm not sure where to go with that question, but what I'll say is that my current take on the state of the world is that now more than ever we as educators at a place like MIT have both a responsibility and an opportunity to make the world a better place via education. And so when you say state of the world, I think about how we can make the world better and for us that comes through education. And we now have the opportunity to think about education, not just of our own students at MIT, which always for us comes first, but to think about education much more broadly and really globally. And we'll come to that later. In this responsibility that you speak of is such an eloquent way to describe it. It's these multi-10 plus billion dollar endowment universities that have their potential to open up and open source a lot of the materials and distribute them around the world. Yeah, we can talk much more about this later, but I think of it as sort of what we are doing in open learning is turning MIT inside out. And but we can come back to that a little bit later. That's a great analogy for it. Yeah, yeah. So, OK, let's get into the journey. So, Krishna, who were you as a kid? How did you get the interest in physics and even challenging yourself to come into the MIT system? So I grew up in Toronto, Canada. I was actually born in Germany. My dad's from India. My mother was from Germany. They met as students in England. And then my dad finished his PhD and took a postdoc in Munich where my mother was. And so I was born in Munich. So I actually like to say I'm one of the Bavarian Rajagopals. They're not too many of us. So I was born in Munich, but we moved to Toronto and Canada when I was less than a year old. So all my growing up is Toronto. I'm Canadian of whatever plate hockey. I went to public schools in suburban Toronto. I would say I've been interested in physics really since pretty early on at the level of reading popular books. Carl Sagan and the popular science books of that day. I was a high school student in the early 80s, suburban North Toronto, North York in fact. But my high school physics teachers were the opposite of inspiring. And actually I would say my really formative experience in terms of an educator whom I remember and to whom I credit a lot of what I did later is my high school biology teacher. I had a tremendous biology teacher in high school who brought the discoveries of recombinant DNA and the beginnings of the molecular biology revolution brought them into a public school classroom in a way that was inspiring. So I actually went to Queen's University, arrived there in 84. I went there playing a major in biology. And I think that if I had gotten to Queen's University and my Bio 101 class had been the class that Eric Lander now teaches at MIT and that we have an online version of I would be a biologist today. After I got to Queen's and the biology course that I took in my first year felt like I was just being asked to memorize lots of stuff. And I had a tremendous first year physics class taught by Dr. Chow. My biology teacher was Mr. Reynolds, Dennis Reynolds. And Dr. Chow's physics class you could just keep asking why, right? Some questions was encouraged and there was a sense that in a physics class if you asked why there'd either be an answer or if there wasn't an answer it'd be really interesting. This was just freshman physics but the way he taught it was you had a sense that you were on the beginning of a journey of exploration of discovery and that really I think torqued me back from biology to physics and I've been a physicist really since undergrad days I would say. I had several really great undergrad research opportunities in Canada and then I went to Princeton and did my PhD which is where I got interested in quarks and in fact although not in a way that I'll describe now because we understood much less back then but I was already back then interested in the physics of very hot quark matter and the stuff that filled the very early universe although we knew much less so I won't go back and talk about exactly the things I was doing back then but I've been interested in that other other physics topics also but really since then. And then when I don't know how much you want to linger on Harvard and Caltech but I spent three years as a postdoc at Harvard PhD in Princeton and then I was a year at Caltech and then I joined the faculty at MIT in in 97 I've been physics professor at MIT for 22 years yeah Dean for digital learning for a little less than two years. So I want to also understand when you were younger and your first getting to really taste what science the biology and the physics and your fascination with that what did it unlock for you that made you dedicate the next even 10 years of your life to it. It was a sense of discovery and understanding understanding how the natural world worked playing a playing a role in sort of in in uncovering the next layers of understanding. You know I one of the things that so I don't do this in a in a in a big sense but I've gone into schools typically my kids schools I've gone into my kids classes my kids are now 14 16 but as they were growing up you know every year I would go into their elementary school or middle school classes and one of the things I like to say when I was talking with the little kids was I can't remember how to set it up but I would I would I would you know spend half an hour with them and we've done some some stuff gee whiz stuff I would have brought liquid nitrogen or electromagnets are we and and I would have gotten them asking me questions we've had a and then I would say if you if you want to I would always that's right remember how it set up I would always try to include something that was not understood as opposed to things where I was showing them how things worked I would always try to find something that I could that I could describe to them that wasn't understood and I would say maybe you'll be the ones who will discover how this works and and then I would say that if you want to be a scientist and if you want to try to figure stuff like that out you you today have a big advantage over most scientists what's your advantage and I would let them think about it and the advantage is that they just ask questions right and so what I would tell them is that if you want to be a scientist don't stop asking questions that's my that's my pitch to the to the to the really little kids is just you know little kids they're natural they're just they just keep asking why it's just just what they do and they just if you want to be a scientist you just have to keep doing that yeah that's a cool perspective that when children come into the world they're natural scientists and then somehow the culture and society at large somehow just it just mold some since some ways just molds them into just workers rather than the continuous probing of the universe with these questions and how things work with these questions and then I also really appreciated how you took the initiative yourself with your kids to go into the classroom yeah you set up the experiments with the with the tiny bit of I don't know how to do that either yeah if you want to learn how to do that pursue science yeah if you want to learn how to do things that science and society doesn't know go into science and yes so one of the things I would do with again I do you know bring liquid nitrogen in you know play with balloons play with bananas play with roses but then I would also have a high-temperature superconductor which floats on a magnet get them all gather around you can see the little magnet floating on this sort of hockey puck of high-temperature superconductor which is in the liquid nitrogen you can see it floating there and then I would say so what do you think the electrons in there are doing to make it float on that you know to make that magnet float on what do you think the electrons in that black stuff are doing and the kids would try to answer and I told nobody actually really knows people I mean people know a lot more than you know people know more than nothing but nobody truly understands how that works people understand how low-temperature superconductors work but people don't have a full understanding of how type height so that that was one of my things that I would bring in and it all again kind of like you said starts with your desire to understand that natural world and how it works and that seems to be a reoccurring theme of a lot of the people that we sit down with that insatiable curiosity grow probing the universe with that scientific hypothesizing and and learning all right let's go into all right this is a very complicated field we've had several shows I'm trying to unpack particle physics it's not it's not easy to wrap our minds around so I think what we can do is we can start with the notion that atoms make up everything yeah and that atoms have protons and neutrons in the nucleus and then electrons orbiting yeah that good okay then this is where things get a little strange is that the protons and neutrons on the inside of the nucleus are made up of quarks yeah why is that strange because now it's just for all we know the quarks are made up of something on the inside of the quarks it's just we haven't nobody's built a powerful enough microscope yet to see the to see any structure inside quarks or electrons so as far as we now know quarks and electrons are the elementary featureless indivisible components of the world of the world that we're made of right so the the quarks are assembled into protons and neutrons the protons and neutrons make nuclei the nuclei have electrons around them so it's all electrons and quarks but you know that's just what we know based on the microscopes we've been able to build if we could if we could study the properties of matter with a thousand times finer resolution microscope who knows what we would find but at the moment I don't think quarks are any harder to understand than electrons okay so now you know double click us a little bit deeper into your fascination with quarks and also how that relates to the the first parts of the Big Bang and the soup of quarks that was there good so we we sign we've understood really since the 1970s that if you get to a high enough temperature protons and neutrons shouldn't exist that the at high enough temperature the protons and neutrons will be bumping into each other and smashing smashing into each other enough in a really high temperature system so that the they just have to fall apart into quarks and that's that's been known at a theoretical level since the 70s really since quarks were understood and so we've also known even for even longer that the universe began with a hot Big Bang there's now a TV show that that confirms this fact and and so if you go back to early enough in the universe the universe was that hot was hot enough that there were no protons there were no neutrons so this has been at a qualitative level like we're talking here this has been understood really since the 70s the first papers about the quarks in the early universe are from the 70s but do we know where the quarks came from and well that's the question of what what happened before the Big Bang and the answer is no we don't know okay but so what's what's new in the last 10 or 15 years is that we now have the ability to actually make a little droplet of stuff in a matter in the lab which is that hot turns out you need temperatures of a few trillion degrees trillions trillions of degrees that's not the it's not the better way of thinking about it is you need temperatures that correspond to the energies associated with the motions of quarks inside of a proton and and those energies are in the hundreds of MEV so mega electron volts but if you turn it into a temperature it's it's a few trillion ten trillion degrees so how do you make a droplet of stuff that's ten trillion degrees hot you build an accelerator like the large Hadron Collider at CERN in Geneva or in fact these experiments were first done at the relativistic heavy iron collider Rick which is in Brookhaven Long Island not that far from here and you take two nuclei and and smash them together very simple I mean it's an extraordinary piece of technology to do this at the required energies but you take two nuclei slam them together at high enough energies and you will create a little blob of stuff which is ten trillion degrees hot if you if you can make a stronger high powerful enough accelerator you can make ten trillion degree hot matter not a whole room full not a whole universe full but you know one nucleus size full okay and that that gets through that strong nuclear force that's normally repelling them actually this it they it has to overcome the electromagnetic force they're positively charged but you these are at such high energies that you can they just slam into each other and you make the nuclear force is in fact attractive once you get close enough once you get close enough right and then that will turn two trillions of degrees yeah it's it's just it's just you're creating lots of entropy it's not it's it's it's just it's a collision right you slam two Swiss watches together they break apart into their components instead of Swiss watches you know if you if you slam if you you know collide to slide collide two Swiss watches at a hundred miles an hour right you're gonna get a pile of screws and strength and springs you collide two nuclei at 99.99999 a lot of nines times the speed of light you're gonna get a pile of quarks percent of the speed of light yeah and and then you get a lot of quarks and is that that's the process where we discovered also the Higgs boson a similar process Higgs boson in principle you make Higgs bosons in these collisions but it'd be very hard to find them so for Higgs bosons you collide protons okay you solely protons or or you could if you could get enough energy you could collide electrons and make Higgs bosons although that's there there are reasons why protons are a better choice but anyway do we do any electron collisions right now yeah okay we do at a place called Jefferson lab in Virginia but at much lower energies we had a facility at the Stanford called the Stanford linear accelerator which did electron collisions and there is a lot of discussion in the in the physics community of building a new higher energy electron collider but that that's for the future but so what I wanted to say is that these so you everyone understood that at high enough energies you could recreate this stuff of the Big Bang okay and everyone was right about that but they were wrong about the following so before the experiments were done the expectation was that when you collide to nuclear sufficient energies you would free the quarks your protons and neutrons would fall apart you'd free the quarks and there was an expectation that the quarks that would would form a gas basically a very hot gas you know 10 trillion degrees it's gonna be a gas that there were better arguments for this than that but the expectation was you're gonna form a gas of quarks quarks are charged and so a gas of quarks is a plasma and so this this stuff was named before it was made okay it was called cork gluon plasma quarks are quarks gluons are the particles that bind the quarks together so you the idea was you would have a plasma sort of a tenuous plasma of quarks and gluons which we we can we can leave out and that turned out to be not quite correct was half correct and so what we learned so these experiments started in the year 2000 and what we understood from the experiments by about 2005 so since 2005 we've known that when you make this stuff of the Big Bang it turns out to actually be a liquid so in a way that can be made precise yes you you destroy the protons and neutrons and you make lots of quarks that are not bound up into individual protons and neutrons but they're also not free they don't fly long distances like in a gas they're always bumping into each other okay so it's much more like a liquid so so when I you know we're having a long conversation but if if we sit down on a plane and somebody asked me so what do you do I say I study hot cork soup okay and and that is a much better name than quark gluon plasma because every word in it is correct it's very very hot made of quarks and it's it's like a soup it's a liquid every it's you know everything it's not gaseous it's it's an incredibly hot liquid and it turns out to be a very interesting liquid with interesting properties and but if you'll permit me I'll tell a story please so in sometime in the late 60s or 70s predecessor at MIT named Vicky Weisskopf a great theoretical physicist from a previous generation when I arrived at MIT in 1997 Vicky was long retired he was still present he was very late in his life I met him very near the end of his life long after he had retired but so that was 97 sometime in the 60s or 70s he was giving an after-dinner speech okay and his the speech was on the occasion of the 60th birthday of Edward Purcell a colleague at Harvard and Purcell had done some great work on fluid flow hydrodynamics and Vicky wanted to honor him and so he gave this speech it's a magnificent speech and one of the things he said was to honor Purcell for his work on fluid flow was he said I think if you take a group of the best theoretical physicists in the world and you put them on a desert island and you give them the laws of quantum electrodynamics how electrons interact with nuclei you know you give them the the laws of nature that describe electrons and nuclei and ask what do these laws describe so Vicky said I think that a good student could have figured out that they describe atoms you take one of these nuclei you put electrons around it and it describes atoms anyone who had learned quantum mechanics could probably have figured that out from the laws and a really good theoretical physicist and sorry and that student could then have realized that gases exist because what's a gas it's just a bunch of atoms flying around and he said and a really really good theoretical physicist could have actually figured out that solids are a possibility that these laws of nature describe solids but he said I don't think any theoretical physicist given the laws of nature could have predicted that liquids exist mmm so liquids are much too hard to understand you know it takes an Edward Purcell to understand liquids liquids solids are what happens when all the atoms just stop moving gases are what happens when all the atoms are flying around but who could have predicted liquid so he gave this after his inner speech and so Vicky was right because nature gave not on a desert island but nature gave all the theoretical physicists on the planet Earth the fundamental laws of how quarks interact those were discovered in 1973 so every theoretical physicist on the planet has known the laws of nature as they apply to quarks since 1973 and we had until the year 2000 because nobody did these nobody reproduced this stuff until the year 2000 everyone thought it was a gas and then in the 2000 the experiments were done it turned out to be a liquid so all the theoretical physicists on the planet Earth had had 30 years to work on it and none of nobody predicted that quarks could be a liquid at these temperatures it was a great discovery from the early 2000s and what I do now is really to ask well how can these fundamental laws of nature that we can write down on a sheet of paper how do they describe a liquid where is that liquid come from what are its properties if you could study it with a microscope what would you see what's its phase diagram how does it does it does it are there are there other phases of of quark matter and a way of saying why this is interesting so the quick again your first I mean on the airport the quickest answer is how cool is it that we can recreate the stuff of the Big Bang make a little droplet of Big Bang matter and study its properties right that's the quickest but that's actually to me not the most profound answer to why this is interesting for me this it so if you think about the great quests of physics there's thinking about the very big so thinking about stars galaxies cosmology the Big Bang this thinking about the very small you know as you started us off matters made of atoms atoms made of nuclei nuclear made of protons protons have quarks in them what's the small structure so those are those are two of the sort of big frontiers of physics and always happen but there's a third and the third is how do you complex materials come out of simple laws okay the laws of nature can be written on a t-shirt you've got the wrong t-shirt but they are some of the beautiful complex laws of nature the laws of nature can be written on a t-shirt yeah and and yet those laws describe solids liquids gases they describe magnets they describe super conductors they describe ferromagnets they describe anti ferromagnets they describe high-temperature superconductivity they describe wood they describe metal they describe glass they describe life so how how does complexity come from simple laws and and that's to me the third great frontier of physics and where this hot quark soup comes in it is I think in a real sense it is the simplest complex matter there is okay it's the it's certainly the first it is the first complex form of matter that formed in the universe the universe was a microsecond old when this stuff filled it and there it's it was the earliest complex form of matter and and it is also in a sense that's hard to make precise it's the form of complex matter that is closest to the fundamentals that's that's not a precise notion but I but I feel that it's the case and so I think our challenge is to understand how these laws describe this matter and I think if we learn how to do that that could help us understand how how fundamental laws describe other forms of complex matter so to me this this quest that I'm a part of it relates to thinking about the early universe that's the very big it relates to thinking about the microscopic structure that's the very small but it most of all relates to asking the question of how does how does a complex world come out of simple laws and that I think is the most profound answer to why this is worth doing yeah there's a lot to be able to figure out about that process that you're talking about how does this complex world we live in come out of such simple laws from yeah big bang until 13.8 billion years later a civilization on a rock orbiting a star and all the complexity of the laws that have now evolved from us our complex world as well that's too hard for me this is yeah and we're not even talking about how the brains inside of us are interacting all a billion of us also too hard for me yeah this is all extremely interesting for the kids that we can inspire to tackle these challenges now and I this is a good segue into the question I want to ask you about what are you teaching right now what are the kids learning right now in the physics classes what are they trying to probe about physics to give us a better understanding of our world well I have I have PhD students right now who you know a PhD student it's a very much an apprenticeship mode of learning so I would say I would say we are working together to understand exactly what we've just been discussing if you ask sort of more broadly you know we have I think the world's best physics department here at MIT and we have great strength across the board I think the biggest development in physics in the last couple of years is the discovery of the gravitational waves from two black holes inspiring into each other and colliding you know that piece of apparatus called LIGO which made that discovery that was the conceiver conceived by Ray Weiss here at MIT in the late 60s Ray and his colleagues you know done a remarkable made a remarkable contribution to our understanding of the universe by allowing us to hear those gravitational waves for the first time and that you know that kind that flows into what we teach our students we have a sophomore level class where you get an introduction to relativity and then we have a class that is taken by many of our juniors and seniors although it's called a graduate class a lot of our juniors and seniors take it where you learn general relativity for real and certainly in that second class but to some degree in the first you get a sense of the science behind gravitational waves that's the example of something that that we teach right now we have a great quantum mechanics sequence one of the few universities with a three course undergraduate quantum mechanics sequence and then you can follow that up by taking two or three different classes on quantum information which is another frontier direction that you know there's a lot of a lot of excitement and activity as people are both trying to build a quantum computer and trying to understand if somebody built a quantum computer what could it do and try and understand what this teaches us about quantum information in many other contexts that also that that's another example I could keep going we've got I won't say we do everything because we don't but but we have you know a big enough department it's about 70 physics faculty at MIT out of the thousand faculty at MIT we have if you look at our undergrads we have 1100 undergrads per year about 80 or 90 of whom major in physics that makes physics the fourth largest major at MIT so we have a big impact on the world by teaching both undergraduates and PhD students I think we're the not sure if this I think we are either either the largest or very close to the largest department in the United States I won't say for the world because I'm not sure in terms of number of PhDs that we the number of students who complete a PhD in our department so we have people doing all kinds of amazing things whether it's gravitational waves quark along plasma quantum information biophysics you know cold atoms you know it's the kind of place where you sit down with your colleagues at lunch and some and and and you sit down with a colleague and we haven't seen in a year and there's something cool they've done in their group or in their lab that they tell you and so you want to have something to tell them you know it's a it's a place where people are making discoveries and where that's just that's that's just that's just what we do and it rubs off on the students and the potential that we have with more students getting involved in physics are things like being able to have an abundant source of of energy through nuclear fusion we have something like quantum computing which can run the super intelligence is that we plan on on building so this is extremely pressing for us so so a fusion I want to give credit to another so we have a nuclear science and engineering department at MIT and by the way one of the things about MIT a thousand faculty 70 in the physics department this is an out-of-date number but about 10 years ago one of my colleagues got you know the the the listing of all 1000 MIT faculty as as as we were back then and counted the number of MIT professors who had a degree in physics who were not in the physics department and at that time they're about 115 so there are actually more MIT professors with degrees in physics outside the physics department and inside it so physics is everywhere at MIT yeah well it's in many places and including in nuclear science and engineering so you mentioned fusion that is physics for sure at MIT it's in our nuclear science and engineering department and they have your spark SP ARC teach me what that is so you should get someone to come talk with you about spark so the world has this huge project called ETER which is being with ah ETER so yes spark is going to clean ETER's clock what so so so hopefully so ETER is being built in France it has major us participation but there's lots of countries involved it's the idea is that it's going to be the first fusion device that produces more energy than it takes to run it so it will be a net producer of energy for the first time oh is spark at the engine no it's maybe it's part of the engine it's part I think it might be okay okay cool but okay ETER 20 billion dollars been spent on it so far many more tens of billions yet to be spent it's good it's taking 20 years at least to build no we don't we I'm sure hopefully it'll work but it's still a long way it's like 60 or 70 meters tall or in diameter it's it's big in every sense it's it's big in size it's big in complexity it's big in expense it's big in time duration and so our friends here at MIT decided to ask well could can we with modern technology build a smaller token yes yes so spark is it's only two meters instead of 60 meters roughly I don't know the that's the scale of it roughly and tokamak is the is the cutting-edge nuclear fusion technology yeah and it's you need a you need a magnetic field to confine that hot plasma and there the idea of the people building designing and hopefully building spark is to use much stronger magnets interesting and so you can confine this plasma in a much smaller volume if you have much stronger magnets and I think the physics is completely sound the engineering is a real challenge yeah but they basically so that our nuclear science and engineering department our colleagues in that department are basically trying to make an end-run around ETER they're trying to build a smaller faster cheaper hotter tokamak that'll achieve the goals of ETER before ETER is ever finished so this is a good place to to come if you're just in the fusion also yes yes all right let's do some of our our digital learning our open learning so you ended up as you were associate head of the Department of Physics you ended up having an MITx freshman physics course in junior lab and then a MOOC on quantum mechanics and quantum field theory so that's kind of your transition into the right digital learning I I helped my colleagues build all the things you just yes yeah I wasn't yet to basically when I was associate head of physics this world of digital learning was just beginning Sanjay was our pioneer here at MIT I was associate head of physics I I worked with Sanjay to pull together the resources to find the people to do all the things that you just said I was the you know we work together I was the the person from the physics side he was the person from the digital learning side and we did a bunch of cool things and now I'm I'm here trying to do those same kind of cool things but across MIT as as Dean for digital learning but the way I got into this was as you said and then what was you know you really you there was likely a profound realization when the subjects that back in the time that you were going through the process of education like you started saying at the very beginning of the show you turned it inside out me and accessible globally and you were like wow we're recruiting 100,000 students or more into so one way of saying this is that when you know so I was doing very well as a professor of physics at MIT thank you very much now Sanjay comes and starts asking me whether I would like to put a lot of time and effort into being Dean for digital learning which is now my principal responsibility how did he twist my arm into doing that right physics is fun as we've been discussing how did he just my arm into becoming becoming a Dean and and I think about this through my kids and my father so that my personal motivations and they're different I have to explain so when I say my kids my kids are 14 and 16 now they're they're younger than MIT's undergrads but I know very well how my kids learn just from watching them as a parent and I also pay a lot of attention to how our undergrads learn and what I see is that 18 and 20 year olds at MIT or 14 and 16 year olds in my home they read books they read books if the English class they want to says read Wuthering Heights they read a book you know they read novels they read you know the biography of Jillian Edelman you know they read books but when they're learning something like math or chemistry or physics or you know learning about nuclear fusion or learning about toprax any of the things we were talking when they're learning about science or engineering they don't read books they they don't when I learned quantum mechanics I had a book and I over the course of the semester with a teacher I started at the beginning of the book I worked my way through it that's not how it works anymore because that's not how you learn when you're 14 and 16 anymore my kids and our students learn in a very hyperlinked way okay and they learn from video they learn online and so part of the drive is thinking about how we teach at MIT how do we teach our students the students of today not it's not me teaching the Krishna of 1980 where I was undergrad in 84 it's not me teaching the Krishna of 1984 it's me teaching the students of 2019 yeah okay and they don't like to sit for 60 minutes and listen to me at the front talk and this is not a criticism of me and it's not a criticism of the students it's because they've realized that there's a better way to learn yes okay and we've realized that there's a better way to teach the kind of material that you could teach in a lecture it's better to break it up into five six seven minute video segments put some active learning in between some some some some questions and answers in between the next segment to make sequences of videos and then to you know add online problems which give you instant feedback you know when I was a student and until recently you you you at MIT or Queens University where I was a student you do a problem set yeah yeah right on pencil on the paper page you hand it in ten days later you get it back and it's graded you never look at that feedbacks instant now and the feedback now is and so so part of the motivation for me is was realizing that with these tools we can teach MIT students better and and I and the way I think about that is is by looking at how my kids and our students learn okay so that's where my kids come in is thinking about how they learn and how you how they can learn better and so then once you have students at MIT doing this this kind of online work then in the classroom you have hands-on problem-solving experiences you have lab work you have undergraduate research you have maker spaces you have projects you have collaboration you have team building you have all kinds of things that are what make MIT MIT but you can you can free up more of the in-class in-person time for all of that by using these digital learning tools to to teach Maxwell's equations online so that that's part of the motivation and then the other part of the my father so my father can quick right before we get to dad yeah it's just that when you're explaining the difference in the last let's say 40 years in what we're doing now with education it also is starting to as we're starting to map neural activity we can really try to dive into what's happening in the brain of the of people when they're learning this way and so we now have a we know a lot more from cognitive science and we know that it's it's it's you know you shouldn't make the videos longer than about eight minutes and here we are making a one hour video by the way and it depends sometimes people go for long form nuanced interview content as well we're seeing it really does depend on exactly what is trying to happen in that time for you like for example the fact that we're talking what makes this okay actually is the fact that we're talking to each other okay there's no put there's no time during this interview when I lecture you for more than couple minutes right and but so dialogue a dialectic yes yeah and we're hitting the tennis ball back and forth right learning more about you about what you're building yes the importance of it anyway also learning in problem-solving learning the importance of retrieval and repetition sort of laying it down layer by layer all of this is informed by what we've learned from modern cognitive science so part of the motivation for me in doing digital learning is is helping MIT faculty to learn how to build and use the tools that allow us to teach our students at MIT better and so the drive for that is is as I've described but then the other half is we have an incredible opportunity to reach the world now and and so my I don't think of my when I say my father I'm not thinking my father of as he is today I'm thinking my father in 1950 my dad graduated from Loyola College in what was then Madras in India in 1950 as a math major you know first-class honors degree in mathematics from Loyola College 1950 and and at that moment in India his opportunities for further professional advancement were quite limited what he ended up doing was he taught for eight years at a small college called Alagapa College in Karekudi because that was the job that he could get and it was only through a certain set of lucky circumstances you know some grit some initiative some luck that ten years later he got a scholarship that took him to Cambridge England where he did a PhD and and from there he ended up you know he met my mother I was born but that's on the side he ended up getting a job as a faculty member at York University in Toronto but you know at that moment in 1950 he didn't have for someone who with the really good math he didn't have the opportunity to take the next step and I think that that repeats all over the world today at many many levels that could be anywhere on the planet doesn't have to be India could be Cleveland could be a Cambridge Massachusetts for that matter could be a 14 year old who needs who needs that little extra something could be a person you know graduating from from college who needs to help taking the next step could be someone who's working in there you know who's 30 years old who's working and who needs that needs to go back and pick up that new skill all of those things were much much harder to deliver but but now with these online courses that we can build and we can build online courses that address all those needs whether it's for professionals learning supply chain management or data science whether it's for kids learning about philosophy we have a court an online course at philosophy in the high school students whether it's for undergraduates wanting to learn about quantum information and quantum computing which they can learn from us in it go much deeper than you can get from most other universities there are so many ways in which we can add to the education of people all around the world including people like my father in 1950 and and so that's the other motivation it's using these tools to share MIT's perspective MIT's understanding MIT's vision MIT's knowledge in a way that will empower people whom I will never meet to change the world and it's it's I think a really powerful vision which is a real achievable goal you know where we are right now we have MIT we've built more than 150 online courses but we were far from done you know all the ones I mentioned we built but I told you we have why no linguistics course right we have we actually have three philosophy classes but why no linguistics course well we just haven't the faculty member interested in doing that it just doesn't happen yet except for the fact that now it's under construction I have two colleagues who are building a linguist intro to linguistics course why no cognitive science class we just haven't gotten to that one yet but actually we have a faculty member building the intro to cognitive science class so so there's I could within physics I could tell you what we have and what we don't have and what we're playing you know so so we're trying to build out sort of a suite of online courses that represent sort of the best that we can offer some of them are undergrad level some of them are masters level a few PhD level including one of our very first actually and you know I'm very proud of what we've done but we have a lot more to do and so that's that's a powerful motivation yeah and this is so wide ranging and everyone you can check out the links below to the MIT X also to the Micro masters program the open courseware program and so this is really it's it's building super highways to the knowledge right and then in my responsibilities as Dean open courseware MIT X micro masters and everything we do to support MIT faculty to teach better on campus that's my job description and it keeps me busy definitely and the ability to create the super highway like MIT is doing enables the full flourishing as in the as in the shirt we see that the seed gets to grow and have lots of fruits yes for the world and that's because it got the proper nutrients in the soil systems and that's the super highways of knowledge yeah basic love water food compassion the basic things shelter that that seeds need to do so and now electricity and internet and computers to get the connection to the super highway also just another thing for everyone to know is that these specific phenomenons that you're embedding into all of the MIT's digital learning are you know these closed-loop feedbacks you're getting it right away when we when we when we gain the ability to do so with simulation we will embed a quick bit of what did Krishna just teach about physics and then they'll get to address that so you you can if you want to think about doing that the edX platform which on which we put all of our online courses it's open source so you can create your own instance your own open edX platform in which you you could start doing exactly what you just said that's beautiful so a simulation we'll have to get to that point where you know scaling things up billion teams to be able to do so and we care a lot about being able to embed things like that that's excellent because that's going to help with the retention of the knowledge and also the fact that it's open through edX is so crucial and then also for the closed loop and also another thing is just this phenomenon of things like Bloom 2 Sigma to be able to have a mentor that you can work with on it as a tutor a one-on-one basis that helps you perform so much better than those that are just in a 30 person class with an individual teacher so we can you know we can do a lot better on that still we have a discussion forum in all of our MOOCs but it's that's not a one-on-one mentor we have a discussion forum in which questions are answered by you know a real person from MIT that's that's I think a really great thing that we're offering but it's not one-on-one mentoring what Erdine is doing with the boot camps gets a little closer yeah so you met with Erdine earlier so so the boot camps that Erdine is is is creating include a lot of coaching which is which which comes much closer to that one-on-one mentoring you know and though but the way I think about it with our MOOCs is that Christian it could be as simple as just pairing someone that's studying the physics MOOC to someone else in that community that's already in academia or industry in physics so we wonder can we use can we employ MIT alumni in this way I don't I don't mean employing a little bit can we engage them yeah can we engage MIT alumni in this way we have people who took the MOOC last year who stay in the MOOC this year and play that role we call them community TAs and they just volunteer they just do that because they want to but what I was really going to say is that I think what we can really work hard at doing is to engage with other educational institutions up and down the whole spectrum you know if I think in US terms community colleges two-year colleges four-year colleges liberal arts colleges the whole spectrum because each of them is filled with educators that know how to teach their students okay so we have a great partnership with San Jose City College which is a community college in in San Jose and they have created an educational opportunity for their students okay it's it's their teachers doing this for their students but that opportunity includes some initial steps and then there's an MIT online computer science intro to computer science class to two classes in fact from MIT and then there's several classes online classes from Berkeley so San Jose City College pick some of our stuff some of Berkeley stuff they added the the the the the introductory elements themselves they added internship opportunities they added the mentoring they added that and so they they put together an educational opportunity which is it's better than what they could have done just by themselves because they use the MIT content and the Berkeley content but it's much better than what MIT and Berkeley we don't we're not skilled at teaching those students they are right and so we put out content that they can use to make the education of their students better and that's what I love that model it's and so I want to see more and more institutions asking given the set of things that are out there online including what we offer but the whole world of online education giving the set of things that are out there how can we use those online opportunities to make the education of our students whom whose abilities we know how can we make their education better and we're talking with lots of institutions in this mode it's been such a great conversation I have a couple quick questions on the way out the first question is what would you say is one of the most crucial skills for young people and even adults to be developing going into the exponential technology age so I'll surprise you with my answer but this is the answer that I've given to many people including my kids if I think back so I'm a professor of physics you know what I do is very mathematical and this there's science that through and through and if you ask me what did I learn in high school that has been of the things I learned in high school what's the most important to my career what's the answer curiosity I learned that long before high school okay critical thinking questioning that that those are all important but it was how to write oh wow I write reasonably well I'm not a I don't write as well as the great writers of the world but I write well and and that's been incredibly important to my career to it's it's you know you got to apply for grants you got to write papers you got to write you know one pagers that persuade your department head or dean of something and I didn't I learned to write in high school you know I learned math and physics in high school yes it's true but I learned those much better later right I learned them over again I you learn math and physics you learn them over and if you become a professor of physics you learn math and physics over and over again at higher and higher levels but I feel that it was my high school English and history teachers that taught me how to write and that's been incredibly important so my advice to the kids to the little kids is is curiosity critical thinking keep asking questions all of those things and reading and writing you know and and the foundations of math which you know so the fundamentals and I think if you have to build that foundation at a very young age yes and then don't lose the curiosity yeah exactly yeah the roots the roots at a very young age all right and then are we in a simulation I don't think so and why well I have no idea really that's that's of course a question that I don't if it's a good enough simulation how could we possibly know right so you know I don't think so but I have no evidence I have no evidence that we aren't right but you know maybe I'm naive but I think there's a real world out there I don't think we're in a simulation but do I really know no I can't say I really know and then the last question is what is the most beautiful thing in the world oh my goodness when you're in the high Alps and you've you know spent a whole day I don't climb but I hike you spent a whole day hiking up to one of the the high huts you know just on the edge of a glacier at you know you know around 3,000 meters in the Alps and you're watching the sunset that's that's that's what occurs to me when you ask that question every summer we go to the Alps most often I pair that with spending time at CERN where the accelerator that I described is and so I talk with the scientists there find out the latest what I you know the best place to hear the latest unpublished results in my field is the cafeteria at CERN so I spent time at the cafeteria at CERN catching up and then the whole family we we spend time in the Alps and you know we we now each of the last two summers we've done something along the lines of all four of us with an alpine guide we we do a hike from the valley floor up to that hut at 3,000 meters that's the strenuous part of the excursion for me for my kids that's just a walk and then that afternoon they go and do some rock climbing with the alpine guide and then the next morning they leave at about five in the morning because they're summiting a 4,000 meter peak with the alpinist who his name is Robin he's a great teacher and so they traverse a glacier climb a rock wall summit this 4,000 meter peak and come down the other side to this other hut down the other side and meanwhile my wife and I have done this wonderful hike you know out this valley around and up the next valley to the other hut we meet the kids kids there and then the day three we hike back down we we have done something along those lines of two different spots in the Alps each of the last two summers and we're planning our one for this summer so these deep immersions into the beauty of Mother Earth yeah yes yes yes thank you so much for coming on show thank you it's been a pleasure yeah thank you very much thank you thank you thanks everyone for tuning in we would love to hear your thoughts in the comments below on the episode also share more content around physics share more content around digital learning with your friends your family your co-workers online on social media check out the links in the bio below to Krishna's work as well as MITx and all of the other programs go and check it out and share it support the organizations the entrepreneurs the artists around the world that you believe in support simulation our links are below help us doing continue doing cool things like in 2020 hopefully building a recording studio our second one in Cambridge as well as our first one in San Francisco so we can actually have a physical location in this second beautiful cluster of intelligent people and go and build the future everyone manifest your dreams into the world thank you so much for tuning in and we will see you soon thank you and thank you thank you and peace everyone


Dear panelists, here on the high table, distinguished participants, ladies and gentlemen, good morning to all of you. Good morning, good morning, good morning, very good. Yes, I would like to warmly welcome all of you to Geneva to participate in the global dialogue on artificial intelligence, internet of things, and cyber security. This is one of the semantics of the 2018 edition of the Global Symposium for Regulators. The semantics events of the GSR are designed to ensure that key emerging issues are addressed in the holistic manner, in the way we can deepen our understanding of those issues, have an open conversation about them, and make sure that we are equipped, all of us, policymakers, regulators, or private sector, software developers, and all those make sure that we are all well equipped to deal with these emerging technologies. Today, we will explore the policy and regulatory challenges and opportunities. I say challenges and opportunities, but I would like to put more emphasis on the opportunities of the artificial intelligence, cyber security, and internet of things. The objective, actually, is to raise our awareness and, more importantly, to empower us to deal with those issues. You, in such an interconnected world, a loophole in any part of the ICT global network will represent a danger for all the network. Then, our strengths, in terms of particular in cyber security, will be always as a level of the weakest part of the network, global network. So, we need to address those issues, and cyber security will continue to be a big issue, as we embark now in the artificial intelligence and internet of things. The issue of cyber security will go beyond just the hacking and breach of data. We need to take care of that, but the good news is that, using internet of things and artificial intelligence, we can improve the security of the network. We can have a safer service space using, actually, artificial intelligence and internet of things. Actually, like in almost all the issues of ICTs, we are lucky in this sector that the solution is always embedded in the problem. So, we can use artificial intelligence to fill security, but also, artificial intelligence is a problem for the cyber security. So, I think that as we gather here this morning, yourself, like myself, we are hearing a discourse now about the emerging technologies, but, unfortunately, this discourse and all those conversations are built around the threats and the fears. So, as ICTs take order, it is our responsibility to take into account all whatever you are hearing, all those threats and fear, and make sure that we deal with them. It is our responsibility. Otherwise, we leave too much room for, I would say, the bad news, whereas we have the very good news about the technology. Of course, data protection and privacy is another issue we have to take into account as with internet of things and artificial intelligence, we're going to have more data flowing around, and particularly, more private data flowing around. So, as we begin a qualitative transformation of our societies and our economies, all stakeholders of the ICTs ecosystem should work together to create the enabling environment for the future. It is our responsibility as ICT ecosystem. When I say ICT ecosystem, I include all of you, private sector regulators, policymakers, academia, NGOs, we need to work together to create a common enabling environment for this future, the future of the digital economy. If you get it wrong in terms of policy, you have a problem. If you get it wrong in terms of regulation, you have a problem. If you get it wrong in terms of development, you have a problem. So, I'm very happy that this kind of meeting is giving us an opportunity to discuss all those issues and to understand each other and to learn from each other because everybody has something to give here, also something to take. I'm sure to be brief, I know we have a short day. I'm sure that with our collective wisdom, we can make sure that the emerging technologies will work in the safe, secured manner for sustainable development for all human beings, for all human beings. Thank you.


My equipment for making woodworking videos. If you're going to shoot your woodworking videos, you'd probably be a good idea to have a camera. Now I'm shooting this video today using an iPhone 7, and that certainly could work. But for my purposes, I use a Canon T6i. In fact, I use two of them. What I like to do is have one set up for a wide angle view and one set up for close-ups. And then in my software, I can sync those up, use what's called a multi-cam view, and then switch back and forth between which view is best for whatever I'm discussing. My cameras, I decided to buy a supplemental battery pack that connects to electricity. That way I don't have to worry about one of the biggest obstacles of shooting videos, which is having your batteries go down on one of your devices. For the enhanced sound system, which you should do, I use a lavalier system. These are from K and F Concept. So one of the units plugs into a camera. The other unit I wear on me with a lavalier, and they connect wirelessly. And I found this unit works very, very well. Of course, so cameras and sound, and then the last element is lighting. So you can get a number of LED lights and position them where you need them. In this case, I'm using Neewer N-E-W-E-R, and this is a CN-160. It runs on a battery, and so I have some spare batteries to make sure those are charged up before I start videoing. So that's an overview of my equipment. Next, I'll show you how I arrange the equipment in the shop using a series of pipes that I've put across the ceiling. So let's back up here and talk about the primary infrastructure for the lights and the cameras. I took some half-inch pipes, and I, you know, connected them with slanges to my wall, to the studs, and I put them in various positions overhead in my garage over each of the workstations and stretching from wall to wall. And so what I have is a network of pipes that gives me a lot of flexibility as to where I'm going to put my cameras. I take tripods, I end up acquiring those over the year, so I take the tripods. I build some little special links in order to hang them up like bats upside down on those pipes. So that gives me the ability to hang not only lights, but I can also hang my cameras where I want them. And I think it's important when you get to the point where you want to do it to have multi-cameras so that you can do different views more easily. And for my lighting, I obviously have this big circle light and in addition, I have a light overhead shining on the tool wall and that's just on a simple tripod with a simple bicycle hook and those are very easy to put up. And then I have a second light that shines down on the top of my head and my shoulders and another just bicycle hook with an inexpensive tripod, LED light and then I have another one for illuminating the side of my face and that one is hanging from one of the pipes. So that is my setup and I hope you find it helpful in setting up your video shooting. Small workshop guy, signing off.


The following is a presentation of TFNN. The Tiger, technician hour with your host, Hazel Chapman. Call now. Call free at 1-877-927-6648. By the what? Bound of Chapman, December the 10th, the Friday, end of the week as well. This is going to be very interesting because the Dow was up quite sharply. It comes out with what? 6.8% inflation. We're talking about the market celebrating. Woo-hoo! And rally's sharply higher with the Dow going all the way to $35,951. Remember I've been saying for a little while now, the $35,800 and $35,900 should see some kind of resistance. And that's going to actually be a test of strength. Meantime back at the ranch, we've had since the December 1st low on the 200-period exponential moving average. We've had 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 is the 7th consecutive higher high, meaning this is what I call in the Chapman wave a floating letter from here. It turned out to be leg A, leg A, leg A, leg A. And today still leg A. Chances are that maybe Monday we get a peak A, as is some kind of a pullback Sunday night into Monday. We'll see what happens. But this is quite extraordinary. Very sharp move, and it includes a gap. So that's very good. And it's helping the weekly chart to improve a lot. So as it stands right now, the Dow has gone from a buy signal to a buy mode because the statistics over 80% and 83% of the day is young. Probably I should wait until the end of the day before I say this. But so far, it looks like it could be an upgrade to a buy mode. It's a daily chart. I have to wait for the close. And the magnies cross positive. It's still way down low, but it's cross positive. The histogram has improved. It's gone positive. And you've got the 9-period over the 14-period moving average. Good signs all around to suggest that the VIX index, and I've been talking about this all week, that the VIX index, that spiral to the upside right there at PGD, 35.32, I can now put it down arrow to say it's in a sell mode, the VIX index. Of course that can change in a moment's notice. But the designation as of now says that the VIX index is in a sell mode on the daily chart. Certainly that could be the same in the weekly graph to wait for Friday's close. Had a PGD as well in the Chapman Wave methodology for the weekly chart. The other stochastic's gone from 35.32, 15 points lower to 20.07. I would say that that is a pretty significant pullback. And therefore I'm calling this a low of significance in the Dow and the S&P, but not the low. We don't know yet whether to see it. And I often talk about an internal low and you have to wait for a residual low to get confirmation. Let's just say that this is something that's very important right now. When you're looking at the S&P, S&P is up. So the Dow's up 0.33, up 119,000 and 35,871. The S&P is up 0.55% at 20, up 25, at 46.92. Did it take out yesterday or today's Friday? Wednesday's high. Let me just check that out. It's trading right now at 46.92. The high on Wednesday was 47.05.06. And today's high is 47.05.38. We've started leg B. That's all we need to know. Leg B, that's very important. And I'm still calling it a gray leg B. Why? Because the stochastic is only at 73%. It's underneath 80%.  It's in a buy signal, but not a buy mode. So the buy signal says, yep, this is good. Magnets crossed positive. The nine-period moving average is over the 14. All of us is good action. There's no question about it. I just real quickly, while we're in the middle of looking at charts, question about, could I show the E-mini? Yeah. We made a peak D in the E-mini 10-minute chart at the high today of 47.06. Trading now at 46.89.50. That is still, I believe, a leg A to the downside. And the 100, so the one-minute chart, this is going to be very important as well. The one-minute chart is now in a trading block, a rectangle formation. It did that earlier on. That's, look at this. The news comes out at 8.30. It pulls back and then it readies. It reads nice green line on the nine-period moving average all the way to a peak E and then it pulls back and then it goes sideways. And a long period of sideways action tries to break out, can't, and then it breaks down. It goes lower, below the support level. It goes right to the 200-period moving average. It tries to use that as a springboard, can't do it, fails, pulls back. Again, it goes over that, can't hold it, pulls back. Again, we've just had, in the one-minute chart, ready to the upside, can't hold it, pulls back. And that's why I'm saying, I believe, based on the Dow action, that we are looking at at least some kind of a shorter term pullback today. Maybe we've just seen the high of the day. And that might, based on the Dow action, let me just go back to the Dow to show you, this is a chart. I show subscribers to my opening call every day. It went, there's a left-side, right-side price time match going to, to March or Monday, actually. And that said that the high that was made right here at, right there. That was on the 19th of November, the high of $35,879, was a target in the number of bars from there to the downside to the number of bars using this as a plum line, the action December the 1st low, as a plum line to the rebound. And that rebound went today, the high was $35,951. So it went a little bit above. It's in a leg F in the 120-minute chart, looking a little toppy there. So I'm suspecting that there will be a peak A, maybe Monday, and it could be lost a day or two. And that's the big test. Do we start to make a strong leg B or are we going to the all-time highs in this phase right now? Or was that at least for three to five sessions where we pull back and then we have to make a decision, was that low, significant low, or were we going back to retest sooner rather than later? That's making it as simple as possible. Let's go back to our story. We want to look at, well, there's a lot to do. So let me just get on with this. So the weekly chart so far, this is a fabulous move back in the weekly chart to suggest that if we go above $47,43.83 in the S&P, don't have to close. You just have to go above it. That's that it's probably not leg G. G and weekly charts at tops usually have G slash C, and then you go to a D. And then we have to consider that's quite bullish, at least for December. But if we start to fail from here, and by Tuesday or Wednesday of this coming week, we below $46.47, which is only 23 points away from here. We just did 22 points up. So if we underneath $46.47, that's it. You know what, we can have a little bit more of a consolidation than we have to make some decisions. In the meantime, this is very selective. If you are looking at certain stocks that have held well, they should continue to hold quite well. It's an important phase. The QQQ is just stuck here. I'm actually going to do this. I'm going to show you something. I want you to just finish this. A, B, C, D. Yeah. So we just did a digestive phase with 120-minute charts. The QQs are not meeting that. They actually just follow it. They are up to 0.65 today, up to 0.61, but it's $396.41. I'll be back. Are you looking for a way to consistently add winning trades to your portfolio? Tom O'Brien is here to help. Tom O'Brien has been successfully trading markets for over 30 years. A frequent contributor to TD Ameritrade Network in CNBC, Tom O'Brien founded TFNN over 20 years ago to help educate investors just like you. 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Each host is an experienced trader and gives their take on the market while taking calls and questions live from the moment the market opens until the closing bell sounds, Tiger TV has 8 different shows with expert hosts to help you make the right moves with your money. Watch online at TFNN.com or on TFNN's YouTube channel and become the investor you were born to be! TFNN Educating Investors Let's go on. This is technical Friday. I want to show some of the technical things. Left side has a shoulder. Head in the middle, this is the QQQs 408.71 pulls back very sharp to 378 rallies and then stalls rare at 400 and twice. The 401 area and then 400.20 yesterday. So, as I'm looking at this I'm saying alright stalling is fine, going sideways is fine, there's no problem but the QQs were the leaders and that's what I've been saying. That's why I think what we're looking at here is this rotational correction meaning that the doubt because of the makeup of the doubt is very favorable right now. The S&P is less so the QQs are less so and if you look at the SMHs which is the semiconductor ETF holding really nicely and every time you think it's going to pull back sharp something comes up. What was it yesterday? AVGO what was that? Broadcom yeah, look Broadcom House of similes Broadcom Inc used to be BRCM of course now for a long time it's been AVGO that used to be the that's the company that took over so they're using that symbol for warning of Broadcom and what we're looking at is it's up a little bit it's up 10% a 644 round number right now and it's spiral to a leg E in the data chart, a G-Sash B in the weekly chart and each time we get this remember that just a week ago we're looking at the SMHs looking really vulnerable but out of the blue you get you get Marvell that's it Marvell has a big spike to the upside and look at this it's held and held and held and now it's pulling back a little bit it had an all-time high three days ago of let's see I think it was 90 what happened there 93.85 looking for round numbers no round numbers 93.85 is trading at 90.13 right now so you can see that this has been what we're looking at so far is that the rotation has also included the internals within each sector so that you hadn't advanced micro devices which was leading the pack with brilliance in every way and then at 164.46 all-time high at a peak G it pulls back sharply and now it's up $1.43 but it's forming the dreaded H pattern right here so this is where we see the rotation that says leadership sometimes can start to stall and then you get some other stocks that take over for a little bit longer but as we're looking at it more and more of the semiconductors are starting to show some kind of what's the oh NVIDIA how can you forget that NVIDIA same thing a dreaded H pattern it's fading to get out of its way with the lower lows lower highs and lower lows and it's struggling to break above can it do that of course it can but so far it hasn't done that so this is what I'm saying that we're looking at leadership that is becoming more and more selective that doesn't mean we can't go higher but it just means to say that it's starting to be a struggle in some areas let's jump to gold into the IWM I'll get there gold is stuck it's up $6 in 1782 it's in the lower range not everyone, a lot of people are saying oh gold is getting ready for that big explosive roof to the upside all I can say is in the patterns we're following this weekly chart with the Chathamway inside track support level having popped below it a couple of times says that it's really important that gold does not take out the 1760 I think it was actually 761 1762 low of the 2nd of December it must not close below that because if it does that it says you've now created a huge resistance area in the 1790s to the 1805 area and until the gold actually starts to trade in the 1812 and higher range it's just stuck it's not breaking down at all but it's just not moving nicely the silver silver is making lower lows and lower highs it's up to today a little bit up 14 cents at 22.15 you see this the on balance volume is making a v-shaped pattern but it hasn't really produced a big move that big move would see silver going to the 2279 area now we're also looking at a large pattern and it says jeez is that the best you can do it's not failing but it's really not producing anything that looks significant for at least at this time and this is a news related event to spiral to the upside looking at high grade copper same thing just dull in the lower range let's put it together with the wood which was doing quite nicely this is the iShares global timber and forestry etf I like to tie the two together it's acting a bit better actually and in fact if you look at timber and forestry etf and you put it together with the hgx if you put it together with the hgx come on there it is hgx is that a really nice moving the cup formation and that's one of the reasons why I can't get overly bearish here because as long as I'm seeing the home builders and tall brothers of course is a significant part of the Philadelphia housing sector in the index which is trading in a nice cup formation it's up 4.61 up at 526 this is a good sign and if you look at tall brothers made an all time high yesterday what was that high it was 74.31 and today it's up 76 to 73.48 it is a little extended yes but wow this is really good actions nice to see so it's great to see sectors doing well if you look at the OIH the OIH is holding okay it's gone through a leg B it's pulling back a little bit down and painting today 193.48 but it has started to move that's suggesting only in the magnet of the 200-period moving average of 193.48 0.50 that the stochastic and magti are rallying the 9 hasn't gone above the 14 but it's attempting to do that and this is what you want to see in a cup formation you want to see it not break down to the left side low but to stall somewhere above it and then start to see green candles and that's it aha now you can maybe start to build some base to attempt to go higher in the shorter term and now we are in leg B so the OIH that's the oil service ETF doing okay not great just off the bottom the way the way you like to see it if it's had a sharp move down that's what we've been talking about a number of so let's look at BIIB because we had the same pattern yeah you see BIIB we talked about this the other day this is biogen ink and we said it was at around about 227 said it's looking good but it's a horrible chart pattern to look at because it needs to make a big like a V-shape power move to the upside and now it's gone to a leg A and it's pulling back to 233 it went all the way to 237 so yes it did what we were looking at in the very short term a little nibble and then and maybe a little bit but it needs this I'm only talking patterns now I'm not talking about biogen I'm talking about the pattern of the dating chart so this to make this a successful rally you have to see this particular V-shape pattern go right back to some of the ugly red candles on the left side and that's like the 26th of November 225 to 242 next to days 245 to 235 lower lows and lower highs we want to get into the bottom of that make this a successful V-shape pattern so far but it's done I'll be back in a moment I'll be back in a moment I'll be back in a moment you could be making money off the stock market and if you're already making money off the stock market you could be making a lot more check out TFNN and Tiger TV and get expert investing advice to give you the power to control your financial future go to TFNN.com and find the newsletter for you whether you're into trading gold, metals, futures currencies or options you'll get advice and analysis to help you seriously get ahead TFNN also features trading services with a 30 day money back guarantee for new subscribers as well as TFNN's Tiger Den trading room trading software and educational webinars for all trading levels and make sure you check out Tiger TV for free on TFNN.com or TFNN's YouTube channel for live financial content from 8.30 a.m. to 4.00 p.m. Eastern on market days stop watching on the sidelines while other people get rich and become 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incredible new piece of software Get your copy of The Art of Timing the Trade Charts today by visiting TFNN.com This segment is brought to you by Think or Swim For more information, just click the Think or Swim banner on the front page of TFNN.com Hi everyone, so we're looking at the TLC which is the Equal 20-Hertiary Bond Front and that is and that is up 45 cents let me just slide this across so you can see what I'm talking about hmm seems to me there must be a lot of trading going on today because all of a sudden we're just a fraction about a split second slow yeah so what we're looking at is that years are stuck in a range and aren't doing much right now but they're not breaking down they're not breaking up just for the moment and that's important because at this stage you don't need anything to really upset the market we've got enough with inflation now what so in the Dan that I mentioned here that I've been talking about the oldies becoming newies for quite some time I said Microsoft morphed it changes, it's a whole character it was in the explosion to the top back in 1999-2000 the dot-com bubble quite a few of those stocks just got decimated and now they back their leaders and now you've even got something like I was mentioning Cisco to subscribers I was almost going to take it for the burst to leg D we didn't do that but there it is there's oh what a fantastic oh how upsetting is that we've been discussing it all week and now it's at it's almost at an all time high well at least a recovery high it's in leg D in the daily chart 59.11 up to and that's very important look at broke the trend right there this inside track repellent zone this is the old Cisco 5G cybersecurity subscription transition I mean I'm sure I do that now yeah technical Friday let's just do that look this is a Cisco going back squeeze squeeze squeeze here we go there's my squeezer squeeze once twice three four five look at this I had that I renotated everything and I've lost that notation I believe that was a D I don't know whatever it was the old time high was at 82.00 round number high all time high for since March of 2000 and it's now December of 2021 so for 21 years it has not made me all time high this is also split and I don't know how many times but that's the high then you've got um Sienna do the same thing all time this is embarrassing this is peak A peak B peak C peak D peak E and it goes to a top in 2000 October of 2000 1057.00 0.00 that had a low of 588.00 round numbers aren't important so 1057.00 for Sienna and Sienna Corporation and it did have a little bit of a dip a little dip of went to 16.85 cents in October I would say that's a little bit of a dip $7.69 in August of 2004 and that might have been it I don't know we'll see anyway I don't want to go through this waste time I just wanted to show you that some of the oldies are coming back did I do Microsoft Microsoft Microsoft all time high the 1853.97 pre-split whatever it was high that was made back in 2000 I think that was 1999 or maybe it was uh yeah 5338 so that high it was made in January 2000 it took it took until somewhere around 2016 16 years with a low of 14.87 back in 2009 14 years to start breaking this cup formation and now it's trading at 341.50 isn't that amazing what was the other one we were looking at Oracle O-R-C-L made it all time high I believe this is peak A one of them went to C I don't know if this was one maybe this was A whatever it is it made an high Oracle made a high I can't remember this was pre-split 4647 September of 2009 it falls back to the low around about 7 that was back in 2002 and now it's trading at 100.94 today it made an all time an all time high of 106.34 so the old one the oldies are becoming the new and what are we looking at we're looking at wasn't there another one that I was missing um Oracle I did Oracle Broadcom I did that AVGA the AVGO but it's changed now because it was taken over but it's a different company Qualcomm Q-C-O-M look at that you remember Qualcomm made its all time high back in January 100.00 round number high it wasn't actually it was split a number of times after that because they announced it soon after the high was made it did come down I think it was a 500 something anyway so we're looking at the high of January and it also pulled back just a little bit it went down to the $12 $11 area back in 2002 and now it's trading at 181.73 down 53 cents having made an all time high last month but not so far this month so this is really interesting so I spoke about a long time ago a lot of people mentioned to me oh that's the end of automobiles gas automobiles with electric with the the Prius and I said that was what 15 16 years ago I said no the infrastructure of everything you can look at photography you can look at anything you want at the turn of the century the 1880s engines etc electricity it took for the infrastructure 30 to 40 to 50 years for the infrastructure to develop the same with oil and gas so that says that it's going to take a long time before the majority of cars are electric and it just in between so many things can happen I mean we're talking about the grid we're talking the electric grid there's a lot that has to happen this is good about I'm not making a qualitative judgment I really think it's not my issue my issue only is that you can't extrapolate what's going on now and say oh yeah and then just talk about it as if that's automatically going to be the future the future is filled with surprises okay enough with that so the surprise here is that two things are happening one is let me just get to this now I want you to do this if you're looking at wheat that's wheat we have the A pattern that I talk about very often it's also head and shoulders pattern it made a peak D and I warned the other day I said oh peak D we might see start to see a pullback in my DBA that's what subscribers have from the 13s it hit the 19 19 area just the other day and I said just be careful so yeah we are the DBA agriculture fund I had it all written down here I'll show you something in a moment so we made a peak D in the continuous contract at 876 and 3 quarters and it's trading now today's though is 768 so the other pattern look at this beautiful left shoulder head right shoulder and it pulls back below the neckline I hate the shoulders pattern because by the time you recognize it it's ready for a bounce so what we're looking at is that's wheat let's look at soybeans soybeans made of peak there's a break coming up I want to get you before the break it's trading at now 67 up to 3 quarters it's right on the 200 moving average I'll be back are you in the market for buying or selling real estate in the Bay Area including the surrounding St. Petersburg Tampa and Clearwater markets Tiger Real Estate LLC is a firm that has extensive experience in the Tampa Bay area whether you're looking to sell your current property for maximum value or you're in the market for a second home or investment property Tiger Realty has the experience across all areas of real estate in the Tampa Bay area to help buyers and sellers make the most informed decisions across all price levels from the price you should be paying per square foot in certain up and coming areas to the type of cash flow investment properties are capable of creating Tiger Real Estate can help you make the best decision when it comes to all areas of the market before you make one of the biggest decisions of your financial future call Tiger Real Estate LLC today at<PHONE_NUMBER> or email us at Tiger at TFNN.com that's<PHONE_NUMBER> call us today the technology around us is changing every day with so much happening it can seem impossible to keep up with all the information David White's investment newsletter the Technology Insider is designed to give you all the information you need to understand the technology that shapes today's markets and tomorrow's future David White has made his living staying on the cutting edge of technology his weekly newsletter will give you specific recommendations for value tech stocks as well as entry prices, target prices and stops to set for each trade Dave delivers his weekly newsletters every Friday with updates throughout the week you can get the Technology Insider at TFNN.com for only $37.50 Sign up for David's newsletter the Technology Insider and get an inside look at everything the technology sector has to offer try it risk free today with our 30 day money back guarantee TFNN educating investors Hi Otec! Today! Just real quickly The big D that was made in the terminal chart How important is the 200 period movie Do you ever need it? Is it just a waste of time? Hey you tell me I have a lot of time I have a lot of time I have a lot of time I have a lot of time I have a lot of time I have a lot of time I have a lot of time I have a lot of time Hey you tell me look at the chart look how it was resistance and then it became support back at 4 o'clock this morning until about all the way to 8 o'clock and then bam we spiral to the upside did you need the 200 period moving average of that but not at all you didn't even need it at all wow comes a big D and it plumps down and what does it do? it goes right to the 200 period moving average and now it's acting as support is it going to hold it? is it going to break it? is it going to become a resistance area my opinion is on the very short term I think we are making some kind of a dow daily potential top for a peak E a peak A going into Monday so there should be some weakness excellent action overall but a short term be a little careful let's get back to our story here what we are looking at is look Juniper Networks made a peak D back in July of 2015 actually it was in November at 3239 it pulls back I drew this the other day peak C1 C2 is very important we just saw the peak C1 C2 C3 in the one minute chart right here in how important is that and it shows you right here look and just what didn't have time I think it might even have made a D so that high was in the futures 4699.25 and this one I think was 25 cents higher 4699.25 no it's exactly the same so you made a peak C1 C2 C3 it acts as if it's a peak D and you can use that for a pullback and that's exactly what happened so that's in the one minute chart so look at this peak C1 C2 Juniper Networks at the high of November of 2015 and I chose when I was doing my study of this over the last 3 weeks or so to say hey I bet there's a left side, right side price time match to this high that was made a peak C2 this is the month of November of 2018 and it could go to November or December but I actually have it going to let me just click it to see where the dots are right on November November of 2021 when it went to December but isn't that a nice technique left side, right side price time match you got no way to match sometimes it's the exact bottom of a cup or the top of an arch other times you've got to use a particular chart which I discuss for subscribers we've had workshops on this and isn't that interesting so Juniper Networks is fabulous now this isn't like Cisco and all the others this is a network it has a different prescription it has a different economic structure and a business structure so it made a 3239 high it has a different pattern if you go back all the way as a monthly chart looking at it going back to 2011 the high was right there to peak D how important is the fourth high you can see right here March of 2011 hits a high of 45.01 just missed the round number high and it drops very sharply down to the 14 area right here it goes to 14.01 in July on the monthly chart July of 2012 and it's been rallying since it did have a high of 3239 dropped to 32 15.20 and now it's acting well and this is telling you that this whole network infrastructure right now wouldn't be surprised if they are benefiting in many ways from the bills that are being passed we'll see what happens but in the meantime I'm just saying short term just be really careful I think we're under pressure here I can see some kind of a pullback maybe a couple of days we'll see what happens I'm talking about generally now a couple of questions Sintas Reboundy that was on my list today I said do we play Sintas for another move to an all time high do we play what did I say here what did I write for my subscribers I said yeah we've got I'm not really putting on any new positions unless it's a very sharp decline that's something we wanted to buy but Cisco to leg D question mark Sintas Double Top or Breakout question mark PSTG to leg D PSTG this is in the this is storage yep this is at a peak C pulling back today I think it still has a good chance to go to a new all time high above the high it was made at peak C to go to the 34 area it's at 3229 technology is one of our stocks that we've had for a long time we've had it since 70 since over a year ago it's in spectacular moves we've taken quite a bit off we've got a core position it hit 165 68 just recently it's all time high was 179.57 so as it stands right now the question is it's just starting to act like something we should add to two questions one was to add to and for some people who don't have it is this something to buy I'm watching it closely it's in an area look at this weekly chart the dreaded age pattern I'm just going to hold off I don't see any need to rush into anything right now the other thing is TMO another one that we've got thermofisher scientific this is acting a lot better I'd say I'd prefer thermofisher TMO over A for a trade but even there this is a potential leg A to the upside you could make that dreaded age pattern that we always talk about so it's technical Friday let me show you what the dreaded age is the dreaded age is where you come down sharply and start to make a rebound and that rebound so this is what it looks like you come down 666.65 was all time high we're long from the 484 area very nice gain taking a little bit off we've still got a big core position and it pulls back hits a 50 period moving average and then rallies but look what happens it comes straight down and then it arches over the arching over says just be real careful because if at the first or second high often in the recovery high if that starts to fail and arches over takes out that left side low that can be quite significant so all I'm saying is I'm watching it closely because if there is a move above today's high 644.78 if there is a close above 647 I would say you know what now we're making the v-shaped pattern we're going to go to the top test the 666.65 level so I just wanted to show you talking about chart patterns and questions I had we have a question from Sharky we have a question from Sharky where hello oh you're there hi how are you hi how are you hi how are you I'm good so you've got a question well you know it's kind of like okay so rig I've been watching rig and stuff and I've been doing some research and stuff with the backup still in the LA port and the supply chain stuff and it doesn't seem like that's gotten really much better I mean I really haven't seen gas prices go down even though strategic reserves were released and the president had said that so where do we go from here with these I wanted to take on this inflation that came out today going forward and there was some talking heads on Bloomberg news said that we're really not at the top of inflation it'll be around even going second quarter but anyhow let me get to that in a moment if you want to hold on so folks we've got a break coming up they may have the final segment and there's a bunch of things to talk about and oh I didn't finish sharpening your skills as an investor is like getting better at playing a musical instrument you have to practice sure but you also need excellent instruction from experts at TFNN you'll get advice and guidance from the authority and technical market analysis and it's not just dry tedious text either TFNN live financial content streamed live on TFNN.com and TFNN's YouTube channel with Tiger TV live every market day from 8 30 a.m. to 4 p.m. Eastern for free each host is an experienced trader and gives their take on the market while taking calls and questions live from around the world from the moment the market opens until the closing bell sounds Tiger TV has 8 different shows with expert hosts to help you make the right moves with your money watch online at TFNN.com or on TFNN's YouTube channel and become the investor you were born to be TFNN educating investors you might think that if you want to be successful at trading in the stock market you're going to need a crystal ball after all it's 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CD in the country right now according to bankrate.com 1% per year a $1,000 per a $100,000 invested the target first mortgage program pays 7% per year paid monthly on secured high value buildable properties in st. Petersburg, Florida the investment is for four years paying 7% per year a $7,000 per a $100,000 invested your investment is secured by high value real estate in st. Petersburg, Florida your investment can be anywhere from 100,000 to 500,000 you want to make 1000 per year a $7,000 invested or 7,000 per year on a secured the target first mortgage program may be just the program for you the target first mortgage program pays 7% per year paid monthly for more information you can call<PHONE_NUMBER> that's<PHONE_NUMBER> Hi folks so in this segment Sharkey this is what I'm going to say there's a bunch of things that I'm going to talk about and I'll tell you what I'm thinking and what I'm looking at just to cover your question so what we're looking at is within look if you look at wheat I just mentioned wheat wheat made an all-time high now it's pulling back soybeans is holding really well stuck at the 200p moving average at the lower end but it is starting to make higher highs and higher lows corn very important for the products that we eat right corn at the most important recovery highs in a rectangle formation going from the top to the bottom crude oil had a big big rally and all the way to 85 back in October slumps down to the 62-61 area nice trading is 7161 it looks like crude is trying to get back to say in a trading band but within a range and that range goes to about 76 77 with supported 67 so when I'm looking at all these different things I had a question in the Tiger Tiger TV about ASX ASX is an Australian company and energy ASE industrial holdings makes a high and now it's pulling back from a peak F which says that if we're pulling back if you look at the XLE which is called the comparable thing stuck in a range but none of them are breaking down or breaking out so I think we just got to get used to this inflation you think the market will get used to it it'll price in all these variants but at the same time I think you've got to be very selective and you're looking at we went through this yesterday if you're looking at the defensive stocks like a general Mills GIS trading almost at a high it's saying that there are things that are happening here that you've got to take into account for the next six to eight weeks and that has to include the inflation aspect I hope that helps you yep thank you very much you have a great weekend you too thank you very much for calling so folks stay tuned you've got a great presenter coming up great programming in the day I'll complete the news and then I'm out of here so please set the dial 42 SPs of 15 come back in one of the days you


Welcome to All Hands Update, I'm Petty Officer Ian Cotter with your headlines from Around the Fleet. The Harry S. Truman Carrier Strike Group relieved the Nimitz Carrier Strike Group in the Arabian Sea August 26th, assuming the duties as Commander Task Force 50. CTF 50 is responsible for conducting maritime security operations, building trust and confidence in the region, and supporting Operation Enduring Freedom. Over in the Coral Sea, U.S. Navy and Australian Defense Forces recovered and disposed of live ordnance that was emergency jettisoned by two AV-8 Bravo Harrier aircraft July 16th during Operation Talisman Sabre. Explosive Ordnance Disposal Mobile Unit 5 divers retrieved two unarmed live rounds off the coast of Queensland, Australia August 29th and 30th in an effort to protect the Great Barrier Reef. You can read more about these stories at navy.mil. From All Hands Update, thanks for watching.