Hello everybody and welcome back to my V-LOG very very quick Video this It was I was I was asked because somebody else would watch somebody else who had built one of these And there was hissing within the system and I was asked You know what it was like when it was connected up to this but it was okay because On the last video. I had it connected up to my power supply Over there This is to answer the question about the hissing so at the minute it's on There's this this track here. This is a Jimmy Square my band Let me just to look and see what the rest of this is my band's free music for whatever that thing is Sorry, I can't About that then it has to get rid of that. No. No, there we go. So let me just put that on I can only hope that that's not distorted because it's on pretty loud on this Sounds fantastic this and it's on 62.  I'm just gonna take this take the microphone off here I'm just gonna put it up in front of the speaker Okay Because there you should be able to hear any homing or any hiss or anything like that. It's comfortable I'm just gonna put that back on myself there I'm gonna turn this volume down now because it will be way too loud. I'll give you a bit of a thing about this Sounds fantastic here still coming that bass is full like a nutter It is lovely. It's just lovely That's it Question was asked the easiest way for me to answer these questions. Sometimes it's just to do a quick demonstration You know we're using this through the transformer from the power there into this and It sounds great. It sounds absolutely great I probably will do one more test on this and that is to actually put put this in place and my other amplifier circuits, which is the ESP Project 3a circuits And so I can run them through my monitor audio 300s But that's gonna take me a course of around about a week to be playing around with that because I can't be at it For hours and hours every single day listening to music and putting it through the movie system and listening to my movies You know watching movies through and stuff. It doesn't It's not something I can do in five minutes. It takes me time so I can get a Bill of an idea just like when I start playing around the old op-amps here Because that's another great thing when you buy One of these little NAD circuits, which is op-amp Orientated you can go and get yourself some audio op-amps and you can put them in Trying to see if you can get a suit out one better And you can put them in and test them out and see what you think to them And you can also have a bit of butchers at some of them and think well, that's a pretty good op-amp But does it look like it's not very well produced considering where these markings are on that And you got two BBs there, which is a bear browns and It's a bit weird how this can be quite subjective as well as well as objective and I'll do a little thing about this and what I've been doing and how I've had to test myself as well because I noticed some Things that I didn't actually want to notice about myself while I was doing it But there you go. It is the great thing about learning on these things So, yeah, that's it.  I'm just gonna press the play Yeah, so like I say that sounds absolutely delicious and No problems whatsoever. No hiss. No pops. No crackles. No, nothing. I can turn this off. Let's turn the volume up on that little bit We're gonna wait for the juice to come out of these now, okay, why just rewind that slightly You could just hear the juice and going out of it. There's not enough power now You hear that? We turn it back on again Yep, all good catching the next one goes like now


My name is First Lieutenant Natalie Smalley and my job description is I am the officer in charge of the Expeditionary Civil Engineering Group in in a Boston. So we are training on structural engineering, so today we are plastering the walls and installing trusses and throughout the month we have been training on everything that is involved in building a small facility. So for the community in in a Boston we are building a small multi-purpose facility. They don't currently have a enclosed multi-purpose facility, so this facility will serve for community engagements and for evacuation purposes, a large part of the community floods quite often so this will give them a higher point of elevation to evacuate to when it floods lower areas and it's enclosed and has electricity which is a lot different than some of the buildings here. So my role is getting everyone out here coordinating all the personnel, all the materials, making sure the structure actually gets completed and then redeploying us. So operating in this environment is a lot different than our normal day-to-day environment because we don't have access to a lot of the same equipment and materials so we have to work as a team and innovate and learn from our AFP counterparts to understand how to engineer and contingency environments. So it prepares us for a day when we may not have access to all the equipment that we have grown very accustomed to. It is very important to train with allied and partnered nations because it allows us to expand our knowledge base and because it prepares us for future engagements. If we ever need to operate in a situation where we're working with our counterparts, it shouldn't be the first time we should already understand their processes and how they do things. So this gives us a base for that knowledge. This training better prepares us to work alongside our joint and bilateral partners by giving us a practice run for working with people who are not trained in an identical way to how we are trained. For example, every structural engineer in my unit went to the exact same basic training, went to the exact same tech school. So this gives us an option to learn from people and expand our base for how other people do processes but also opens us up to new ideas when we realize that just because the Air Force Engineering Center teaches us how to do processes in one way doesn't mean it's necessarily always the best way. It gives us the option to learn from others. Balakatan overall increases readiness to conduct future operations with allied partners by letting us operate within the Philippines. So most of my people have never operated within the Philippines before and had never been to this country. And this expands our knowledge of the Philippines and of other partnered countries too by letting us learn about their culture and the environment that they find themselves in and the challenges that they need to face day to day. My name is Staff Sergeant Kendall Boyd and I'm an electrical systems journeyman. The training we've been doing over the past month is just building a multi-purpose facility for the in the Basin community. Structural engineering and anything that goes into building a facility. So my role I'm the electrical systems SME here so all the electrical wiring and grid that goes into the facility I'll be the one responsible for the installation of that. Well if anything it gives me the open mind to change I'm an electrician but I'm over here mixing concrete and pouring it and doing stuff that's completely outside my comfort zone so it'll give me an idea of what if this was to come down in the future what to expect for sure. Well working alongside the any other the units as if it's the Marines or the Philippine Army they've given us an open mind to do things different and if anything they've told us to work with what because out here is the resources aren't as readily available they were back in main base so doing things with limited equipment and limited resources is definitely something to take back. Well the Philippine Army they do things completely different from how Air Force guys do things and it's been very interesting learning from them and learning different ways to do things. A lot of times it's a quicker way more efficient and you know taking that information back to main base cadena and and learning from that is probably one of the best things I've learned out from being here for sure. For example Balacantan itself this is my first Balacantan and partnering with another nation such as the Philippines which are great people just allows us to have that partnership just in case something were to happen in the future we already built that relationship and the rapport with him to continue future operations so it already gives us that foot in the door to continue anything that we may have to do. Yeah I am a senior Airman Schuyler Cunningham I work at the 18 CES and my job is a dirt boy or payments and construction equipment engineer so we do any sort of horizontal construction on base or any drains or any hard work people don't want to do. So over the past month we've been doing a lot of training we do a lot of same stuff that we do at home station but here we're learning new ways to do it with AFP. They do concrete completely different and they do any sort of groundwork different so we're picking up a lot of skills with them doing that. My role is to do any of that groundwork so digging the footers for the building or the concrete pad another thing we kind of like choose where the pads placed and where how to square it up so we do a lot of that working with the drainage in the area and trying to make it good once the building is actually in. So operating in this environment it's a harsh environment out there it's hot and we're lifting concrete bags they weigh like 100 pounds so it you can go anywhere in the world and do that if you can do it here it helps out a lot. Okay so this this kind of training helps us work with other groups being the Marines or the AFP by increasing our agile combat employment kind of skills so now we know we can go out and do these kinds of things with different groups and do it efficiently and learn from each other so it really helps out a lot. So Balakotan shows that we can do it that we can come out here and get this project complete no matter what resources we're giving because we're giving some pretty low resources in this low income area and we just find a way to do it and we can do that anywhere in the world so it gives us a lot of confidence going forward.


Why as a Western society do we tend to feel that intellect is more important in dealing with situations on a day-to-day basis rather than feeling? I think it's a European hangover. Descartes, you know. I think for long periods of time human societies have suffered this struggle for survival. When you want to survive, your ability to discriminate is the most important quality, otherwise you don't survive. Till we create kind of societies where everybody can survive, this cannot be put to rest. So this is the reason why Eastern societies did not bank so much on intellect but on intelligence. There's a distinct difference because probably in English language there is no words to describe different aspects of one's intelligence. In Sanskrit language there are at least eight dimensions of your intelligence. So intellect is just one of them. Intellect is very useful for survival process because it gives you discriminatory capability. If you allow your intellect to find out anything, suppose you want to know this flower through your intellect, you will see the only thing you will do is pull it apart and try to know it. Dissection is the way of the intellect. So if you want to know your mother, please don't dissect, okay? That's not the way life happens. If you want to know life in its entirety, you need other dimensions of intelligence. Because intellect has given ability to survive and a certain sense of dominance over others, we have become devotees of intellect. Intellect is a wonderful thing, no question about that. But you need to understand human intellect functions only from the limited data that it has gathered. It cannot explore anything entirely new. You can only project from what you know to another dimension and you can never project into an unknown dimension through what you know. Right now, that's the reason why I would say western societies have been on a treadmill for a long time. They run a lot and they get fit, but they don't go anywhere. Fitness happens, of course. Okay, now when we talk about human identity and false association with certain stereotypes, why do we always strive to be a certain stereotype? I mean, why does everybody in Pennsylvania want to have a big house with a white picket fence? Why is that the status of having arrived? Because this is a society. This idea of role model is essentially from the west. So a few months ago I was being interviewed by someone from here and this lady asked me, who is your role model set girl? I said, I don't roll with the models. Such an idea never occurred to me. It never occurred to me, how should I shape myself in whose image? That never occurred to us because the east is always looking at how to turn inward and discover the deeper potential in you, never going out to be like somebody else. This is something which is there in the natural ethos of India that you cannot be somebody else. You can never ever be someone else. You can only be yourself. And how to make this yourself into a full potential, full blown growth is all. The traditional yogic examples go like this. If a mango tree looks at a coconut tree and thinks coconut tree is taller and aspires to become a coconut tree, it will become a no good mango tree. So every life is unique in its own way and has its own place. The only thing that life has to do is to find the necessary nourishment to get full blown growth.  So the problem is once you go by your intellect, these two things are very connected. Once you go by your intellect, you will have a whole lot of information but you don't know anything. This is modern education. You have a whole lot of information with you. Everybody is rattling out. In a dinner party you can see people saying exact distance between planet Earth and planet Mars and everything but what relevance is it? It is just that you can gather information like this. When you have information, you have a false sense of feeling that you know everything but you know nothing. It may help you in the financial market to have information but with life what is needed is not information. What is needed is profoundness of purchase that you have into life. You need traction into life, experiencing life. You cannot know it. If you read a book and you think you know life or you figure out something in your head and you think you know it, no. You have to experience it. The profoundness of your experience is what makes this life. So if you go by the intellect, imitation is a natural process and that's how the role models come.  Please. I always seek your permission because the moment I start once upon a time a lot of people think it's bedtime, you know. That's the only time somebody told them a story. So this happened in early 20th century. In 1910 there was a man whose name was Topiwala. Topiwala means a hat seller. You know people's second names indicate their trade sometimes. So he's going from village to village town to town selling hats in the tropical heat. One afternoon he felt tired and he went and sat down under a tree, opened his meager lunch, ate and dozed off. After a little while he opened his eyes and to his horror all the hats were gone. He looked all over the place, no hats. When you do everything possible, when you don't know what else to do, people pray.  So he screamed at them. They screamed back at him. He abused them. They abused in their own language. He picked up whatever he could and threw it at them. They picked up whatever they could and threw it back at him. Not knowing what to do, out of sheer frustration he took his hat and flung it on the ground. All the monkeys took their hats and flung it on the ground and he picked them up and went about his business. In 2013, December 21st, another man was going around selling hats. His name also happens to be Topi Walla and one afternoon he went and sat under a tree, ate his elaborate lunch, 21st century, you know, and promptly fell asleep. After some time he woke up, hats gone. He didn't look here and there, he looked straight up.  He got up and jived. They all jived. He made funny faces. They made funny faces. He had all the fun he wanted to have. When he was done, he picked up his hat and flung it on the ground.  So there is substantial evidence. There is evidence that monkeys are evolving. Okay?  Maybe instead of gathering pieces of meat and leather and bone and tooth of animals, today you gather information, you know the distance between Mars and Sun and this and that. Maybe you gather, but still the nature of the intellect is to gather. By gathering, if you gather so much, somebody who has this much in front of that person, in comparison to that person, you look better. But in the experience of life, you will not feel any better.  So gathering is always by comparison. Your own gathering has no meaning. It is only in relation to somebody else's gathering being more meager than yours. Or in other words, in some way you start enjoying somebody else's incapability or failure or whatever. So this is the nature of the intellect because it survives on what you have gathered.


Early lock time for today in daily fantasy baseball at the main slate locking out 105 p.m. Eastern for today on fan duel But still nine games across this main slate. So a pretty juicy one despite it being an earlier offering We're gonna break down which players to target within that nine game slates my top pitchers Offenses to stack and much more to get you ready for Thursday's day game action. Welcome on into the solo shop That's right here on the fan duel podcast network and number fire calm My name is Jim Sonness. I am a senior writer and analyst for a number fire here to break down this nine a game main slate With locks up for 105 p.m. Eastern for today weather notes on this late There are a couple spots with some rain and thunderstorms in the forecast first one is in Kansas City for the Royals and the Orioles Looks like pretty scattered storms So they should be able to play but it is something to consider for sure similar story of course field For the Rockies and the Brewers again, I think they should be able to play But you'll have to check back on the timeline of that weather later on so be wary of Kansas City and Coors I do still like options in both those games. We'll talk about those later on but Make sure you are checking the weather later on today We'll dig into the pitching preview some stacks and more in just one second But first a reminder to make sure you're subscribed to the number fire daily fantasy podcast feed wherever you get your Podcast we were here every weekday breaking down the MLB DFS slates to UFC with Austin swimming for select slates as well PGA via myself and branding a doula back next Tuesday Make sure you're subscribed there also if you want to watch a video version of the show check us out over on the Fanduil YouTube page the biggest horse race of the year is here And there's no better time to get in on the action on fanduil racing because right now all customers can get a no-sweat Derby bet up to $20 that means to get up to $20 back if your win bet doesn't win the fanduil racing app is super easy to use safe And secure and when you win you get paid fast So don't miss out the derby is coming up this Saturday Just visit racing and dot fanduil dot com for your chance to get a no-sweat derby bet up to $20 on fanduil racing That's racing and dot fanduil dot com age and residency restrictions apply offer valid on first derby win wager refund issued in non with trouble racing site credit that expires on June 12 2023 Restrictions apply see terms at racing dot fanduil dot com gambling problem call 1-800 gambler pitching preview for this Thursday main slate Justin Verlander fresh off the aisle comes in with a salary of $11,500 Pablo Lopez is a 10-7 with George Kirby a 10,000 flat Zac Eflin 97 Grayson Rodriguez 94 we have Haces Lazardo at 92 followed by Vince Velasquez and water Rodriguez Jack Flaherty Lucas Geolito and Griffin canning as the others at $8,000 were hired So a lot of names in that list Verlander coming out the aisle keep that in mind as a downgrade for him And then some weather spots potentially for some of the other guys specifically racing Rodriguez But we're still gonna talk about him later on first though top picture the day is Pablo Lopez 0.00 ERA so far this year, and I think that's masking how filthy he has been I want to take advantage and rank Lopez first here He is based in the White Sox, which is a good matchup for a righty They have an 89 a WRC plus versus righties where they won 37 iso They don't strike out a ton, but they also don't walk much either Even with the results for Lopez being just fine the peripherals are nasty He's up to six starts with his slider this year He has a 3.17 skill interactive. Yeah, Ray strike out right 31% Swinging strike rate at 14.8% all of those numbers are career best marks for Lopez by a wide margin This pitch is working for him Lopez has had six plus strikeouts and all six starts thus far So you may wonder why the results are not as great if the peripherals are so glowing the past two starts For Lopez against bad offenses also have driven up his ERA So I did want to dig into those past two starts and see if it was a concern The velocity is lower than it was to open the year which might be an issue But even in those two starts Lopez still has 13 strikeouts compared to three walks So he could just be in a rut But some of the underlying data says he's just been unlucky as well That's why I'll put Lopez at the top of my list for today It could bite me because maybe this is a bigger thing than I'm giving any credit for but I think I've seen enough in those two starts to still be okay with him and Be willing to ride with Lopez despite a couple rocky starts for today Facing off of the White Sox mention Grayson Rodriguez And we talked about this movie this week where I don't get to talk about prospects in a positive way super often We were on Tanner by B earlier this week, but let's run it back and go to Grayson Rodriguez today Assuming the weather will allow us to check back on the weather because if there is a long rain delay He could get yank that it's always a concern Rodriguez facing the Royals big part of the the reason I like him for tonight or for today Because the Royals offense just hideous right now 67 WRC plus against righties in a 128 iso their plate discipline numbers are pathetic Frankly 25% strikeout rate with a 6% walk rate Giving that to any pitcher is great giving into Rodriguez makes him the number two option for tonight and For Rodriguez the rate stats are really good so far across five starts. He has a 3.51 skill interactive. You're right He has a 32% strikeout rate and he's getting ground balls. So the rate stats very good across the board I'm just not sure how deep he'll get into this game That's not talking about what they're talking about long length for him He has not finished six innings yet and if you want to get a quality star bonus on Fandle, which you should because it's four points That's an extra out plus a strikeout You want to get there and you can't get that without going six innings and Rodriguez has done this this these good rate stats against pretty pathetic offenses So even in good matchups, he hasn't gone six yet He does get a good match began today, but it is a concern. That's why I have Lopez above Rodriguez for tonight I do like Rodriguez plenty again He's number two for me a hair above George Kirby, which might be a mistake But Kirby also has not been going super super deep in games. I have him projected for 90 pitches for today So strikeout projections for Rodriguez 7.35. I have Kirby at 6.11. That's enough where even with the length concerns I'm okay giving Rodriguez the edge of the number two spot So for me, it's Lopez one Rodriguez two and then I'll go George Kirby number three I think the value play is a coin flip here between Lucas G. Alito and Jack Flaherty. Both these guys are fine Both have strikeout projections right at six. I'm gonna go Flaherty His win odds are a bit higher that can work as a tiebreaker here And I think the more recent changes for Flaherty at bed pretty good He's facing the angels today, they are not as lethal of an offense against righties as they are against lefties Which makes sense, you know outside of Shohei Otani. They are a pretty righty heavy lineup WRC plus to them against righties is one or two with a 23% strikeout rate Flaherty has had some big issues this year primarily. He's been walking too many guys He's a 15% walk rate overall Seven which came in his first start now after that first start He decided to throw more cutters and he did still walk six guys his next time out But the past four stars have been much better No more than three walks in that four-star sample along with plenty of strikeouts Flaherty in that four-star sample six plus strikeouts three of the past four He had nine and one and that game was on the road. He is at home here The walks definitely could kill him, which is why I'm not, you know Champing at the bit to get him in there But I think he has a path a pretty obvious path to a good game I don't want to take that here for 85 So if you like Lucas G. Alina would not talk you off of him Think he definitely does make sense, but I'm gonna give the edge to Flaherty I think he's just the better option between the two guys four to night So pitchers I like here or for today. I should say I like Lopez one Rodriguez two George Kirby three and then top value. It's going to be Jack Flaherty by a hair over Lucas G. Alina Let's dig into the stacks here I know you're probably sick of me talking about the Brewers and having them flop at Coorsfield, but If the weather allows us to I think we should go back there one more time Maybe we should pray for thunderstorms to keep us off of them, but I do think it's a good spot So despite what's happened the first two games. I'm going back there once again Brewers are facing Connor Siebold I think again, that's probably a fine matchup Siebold transitioning from the bullpen into the rotation And he doesn't profile like a guy we need to fear as a starter This year in the bullpen Siebold has a 9.4 percent swing in strike rate Didn't get many ground balls and now he's gonna be asked to go deeper in games Which makes your stuff less potent across the board We did see Siebold in the rotation last year He made five starts and he led up a 49 percent fly ball rate His strikeout rate was just 19 percent which led to an 11.29 e-array and a 4.63 skill interactive e-array I don't think it'll be quite that bad But our data in the big leagues on Siebold says we can stack against him at Coorsfield So despite what has happened so far with the Brewers I think we should go back there one more time for tonight And they have a much better against righties than lefties this year with a 104 WRC plus 155 ISO and a lot of walks so broadly It's a good thing that Siebold is righty And I think part of the reason they've been good against righties that some of their right-handed batters have hit well against righties Brian Anderson didn't play last night Doesn't seem like that's an injury related thing if he's back in there is overall numbers versus righties here pretty good He has a 203 ISO His barrel rate overall is 14 percent, which I didn't really expect out of Brian Anderson this year Even without it being a lefty I think Anderson worth it with the salary at 63 again checked that he's playing so he did not play last night despite it being a lefty But if Anderson is in there, I think he makes a lot of sense They're probably not gonna have William Contreras today that does downgrade them because he is a very good hitter but Again do something the Brewers worth it for today the Cubs facing Patrick Corbin And I think we know what to do there where the Cubs are a great option for stacking For today and you do kind of feel bad for Corbin because it's not like he's asking to get rocked And I do respect that he's going out there. He's still trying. He's still working deep in games It's just not working out right now This year Corbin is using more sinkers And that's likely a good thing based on his batted ball issues and it has increased his ground ball right to 47% It just hasn't that at all his era is 5.74 his expected era is even higher at 6.92 And the reason that those numbers are pretty poor is because he has a 14% strikeout right paired with a 44% hard hit rate He's facing really tough teams in this time in his defense But the Cubs are despite last night a tough team as well. They have a 132 WRC plus against lefties across a small sample That will not stay that high But given the number of good righties in this lineup I would not be shocked that they do want it being a plus team against lefties as the sample expands to So I think we just keep on stacking against Corbin until he gives us a reason not to the one downside with the Cubs is that We know everyone will go here people adore stacking against Patrick Corbin So if you want to stack the Cubs, you got to think a bit try to be a bit different when doing so I think that one way you could do so is using a guy who is Suboptimally you compare his spot in the batting order to his salary. That's Nelson Velazquez Who is probably gonna bat 8th 7th 8th 9th somewhere in there his salary is $3,000 You you know don't really often use guys that low in the order with a salary that high But against lefties since the start of last year to 59 ISO for Velazquez He did leave in the fifth inning of his most recent start. So there is some pinch hit risk here But he has finished all the other gains. He has started this year So there is risk and it's being different for a reason But I need to find ways to make my rosters different than those who are going with the Cub stacks for today So say it's a Zuki the obvious one I like him a lot of 28 But I want to go Velazquez as well to get myself a differentiated piece within my Cub stacks for tonight We're stick with the Velazquez is here and talk about Vince Velazquez And he is a guy who has beaten my expectations by a pretty wide margin so far this year So cap tip to or cap tip to Vince Velazquez I have unsuccessfully stacked against him several times and is he already three point oh six Tonight or today Velazquez is facing the race. I think that'll be a good test of how legit he is I do think that a lot of what Velazquez has done is probably pretty sticky He's getting strikeouts, you know at a decent clip. His hard hit rate is down to 34%. That's good His previous low since 2018 in that department is thirty nine point eight percent He's been above 40% in three of those five years. It's just not letting up many barrels The ball is still in the air, but it's not as dangerous as it typically has been against Velazquez The big problem though for Velazquez and if we're trying to pitch ourselves on this being sustainable Is that it's coming against pretty poor offenses? He's faced the Nationals face the Rockies they face the White Sox and he faced the Reds twice The one tough matchup for Velazquez was against the Cardinals and he was great in that game with six shutout innings, but Here come the race 146 WRC plus against righties to 46 ISO. They have been absurd so far So it's possible Velazquez has turned a corner We'll just get a more definitive answer today as he faces a very very tough team So I respect what Velazquez has done. Don't think it's entirely fluke But in this specific matchup, I am still on board with stacking against him I do want to favor the lefties here The rays have just three who are locked to be in there, but they're all definitely fine They're one to Franco Brandon Lau and Josh Lowe I am curious that the rays react to the platoon splits here for Velazquez and get in Taylor walls or Luke Rayleigh now Wall salary is not low. It is very high for some reason. I know he's been good so far this year But it's it's up there Rayleigh salary is 31. I think he's a pretty big pinch hit risk Walls is less. So so I check out the lineup for lefties and switch hitters and I give them a bump I'm going to take a leap with most of them Rayleigh is the one exception there It is tough to stack them if you go with Lopez with his salary being where it is I think if they're a bit easier to get to his Rodriguez or with Jack Flaherty So they might not be super doable with our top couple pitchers But they should be at least a consideration for you, especially if we get some lower salaried switch hitters or lefties in the lineup Things to watch forward to today. I typically would be down for Jameson Tyone against the nationals But I don't think he'll go very long in this game He's coming off the il with a groin issue It sounded earlier this week is if he wouldn't make this start He had a 25 pitch bullpen session, but that was his only ramp up So I have Tyone projected for 60 pitches. I think that's more likely to be too high than too low So he's out of consideration for today Just worried about pitch counting. I think that's enough to be lower on him against the nats for today I just made him from our player pool The Rockies are facing Wade Miley of course field and I kind of like Miley He held the angels in check last week and they crushed lefties the Rockies don't So you can justify going here for sure because Wade Miley is not an ace It's of course field. They might not be super popular, but I respect Miley enough to lower the Rockies for today Finally, I will get the Orioles to swing weather permitting here facing Jordan Lyles who has a 5.41 skill interactive eray this year He lets up tons of flawed balls in enough hard contact So he can have really nice starts where he kind of goes off But the Orioles are a tough test So there's enough here for me to use the Orioles at times again assuming We get the all clear on the weather in Kansas City for today Dinger calls for this day game slate the boring one rowdy-tiles. We're out at Coors field basing a righty Kind of just going to go that way. So rowdy-tiles the boring home run call for today The fun one. I will stick with Nelson Velazquez again This one's mostly fun because he's batting lower in the order Which means probably not going to see a ton of popularity for today I think that's enough to make him pretty attractive. So home run calls rowdy-tiles and Nelson Velazquez That is all that we have here for today on this Thursday made slate once again Do not forget that lock is early 105 p.m. Eastern Go get those lineups in before lock and make sure you are all edited up before 105 p.m If you have done dummy lineups in there for right now Do not forget to subscribe to the number fire daily fantasy podcast feed wherever you get your podcast And if you like what you hear give us a thumbs up over on youtube or give us a five start rating over on apple podcast I am on twitter at jim sonnis j i m s a n n e s You can also follow the fan dual podcast network at fan dual podcast want to thank you all for tuning in for today Good luck to you with your mlb dfs lineups. We'll talk to you once again tomorrow to break down friday slate This has been the solo shot right here on the fan dual podcast network


Are you willing to undertake a dangerous mission behind the enemy lines, knowing that you may never return alive? What you have just heard is the question asked during the war of agents of the OSS. Ordinary citizens who through this question answered, yes. This is... Warfare, espionage, international intrigue. These are the weapons of the OSS. In today's adventure, wine of freedom, the role of Vince Keller, an American OSS agent who made a sales trip inside Hitler, Germany, is played by stage and screen star Mel Pharrell, currently to be seen with Joan Fontaine in the RKO picture born to be bad. Today's story is suggested by actual incidents recorded in the Washington files of the Office of Strategic Services. A story that can now be told. The night had started to pour by the time I found the house. I stood out in the paces and peered at it through the shadows. There wasn't anything strange or ominous about it.  Only this wasn't in Omaha. This house was number 28, Ahunstrasse in Osnabruck. And Osnabruck was in Germany, Hitler's Germany. I drew a deep breath and went up the front steps clutching a briefcase in my hand. It was that briefcase that made me look like a respectable German citizen. I lifted the brass knocker and let it fall a couple of times. And then I waited. Yes. What is it that you want? She was younger than I'd expected and prettier. And of course she was suspicious. She was suspicious of everybody in those days if you were a German, particularly the kind of German I knew she was. Well? Frau Hausmann? Yes. I'd like to talk to your husband. My husband. Herr Ludwig Hausmann, is he in? What do you want to talk to him about? Wine. Oh, wine. My name is Keller. I've just come from Fielefeld. I'm a wine salesman. Part of it was true, my name was Keller, all right, Vince Keller. And I had come from Fielefeld, but I wasn't a wine salesman. I was an agent of the OSS. And what I had to sell was something stronger than wine. It was organized resistance to Nazism. I've been at it for about a year then, almost a year since I'd sat in Colonel Metcalf's office in London, and told him I wanted to volunteer for the job. You're sure that there's no trace of American dialect in your German? Quite sure, sir. My family lived in Germany, also my childhood. I was educated in German schools. I see. And, um, you know what you're letting yourself in for, Keller? If the Nazis grab you... I know, Colonel. But you still want to undertake the mission, hm? It's important, isn't it, Colonel? If we can step in the German underground's resistance to Hitler... the anti-Hitler movement in Germany right now can hardly be called an underground. No, it's merely a handful of isolated individuals in various cities. There's almost no contact between them and no organized activity at all. Well, that won't do us any good when our troops start moving across the German border, sir. Exactly. We need defective allies inside Germany. No matter how few they are, we want them coordinated and strengthened. That's the job we'd like you to do, Lieutenant. It's the job I'll try to do, Colonel, if the Gestapo doesn't catch up with me. Two weeks later, I'd parachute it into a grassy field outside Düsseldorf. And the Gestapo hadn't caught up with me yet. After Düsseldorf came Essen. And after Essen, Dortmund. And then, Bielefeld. And Hitler's secret police were still way behind. It was at Bielefeld that I heard about Ludwig Hulsmann. The underground leader there, old Johann Wolf, slipped me his name. So your work here in Bielefeld is finished, Herr Keller. Where'd you go now? Osnabrück, Johann. You'll be hearing from me, though. I want to put the men there in contact with the resistance workers here. We have been in contact occasionally. Now then, Ludwig Hulsmann has paid me a visit. Hulsmann, huh? He's the leader in Osnabrück? He was the last I heard. It's been several weeks. It's address is number 28. Our phone starts there. Oh, good enough. I'll look him up when I get there. You'll have no trouble introducing yourself to him since you're posing as a wine merchant. You simply ask him if he has ever tried a Dain-Fryheit wine. Dain-Fryheit wine. The wine of freedom, huh? He will know then that he can trust you and to you, of course, can trust him. So that's how it happened that on that September evening, I followed Frau Hulsmann into the living room of her home in Osnabrück. Won't you sit down here, Keller? My husband should be here soon. He isn't home then? No, he's late this evening. He's almost always here by dinnertime. I don't know where he could... but wait, yes, I do too. It doesn't matter, I can wait. No, no. I'm sure he's stopped in to see a friend down the street. I'll try to find him. But really, I hope you won't... He'll be very eager to talk to you. He's quite interested in wine. Oh, is he? Yes. He would not want to keep you waiting.  I'll get him. Wouldn't it be easier to call your friend's house on the telephone? The telephone? I wish I could here, Keller, but... we had a heavy air raid in Osnabrück last night. The telephone is out of order. It was a hasty exit she made. Almost too hasty. I sat there in that empty house for a minute or two... where she'd said to make myself comfortable. But somehow I wasn't, very. So I got up and went over to the telephone. What number do you wish to... I was under the impression, Operator, that this line is out of order. Thank you, sir. The line has not been out of order today. That gave me something to think about while I waited. I think better when I'm moving. So I began to move around the Holsthorn house. I peeked into rooms, even opened drawers, but I didn't find anything. In fact, I didn't even know what I expected to find. When the front door opened, I was back in the living room trying to look comfortable. I was wronged him drinking beer with our friends. Caught in the act, eh, Herr Holsthorn? I'm afraid so. Well, please sit down, Herr Keller. Thank you.  Yes, I am. And she tells me that you're very interested in wine. That's true. Sort of a connoisseur, perhaps? You might say so, yes. Like our mutual friend in Bielefeld, who suggested that I call on you. And who was that, Herr Keller? What was his name? It must have been the lie Frau Holsthorn had told about the telephone that made me hold back. It must have been the way she stood there, listening so intensely, so eagerly. That was why I brushed aside his question, and that was why I said nothing about the wine of freedom, even when he asked, tell me, Herr Keller, do you carry a dry red wine at reasonable prices? Yes, we have an excellent burgundy, Herr Holsthorn. From where? Why, from Schoenbertin. Schoenbertin. What year, Herr Keller? 1927. 1927, huh? I don't think we'd be interested in buying any of your wine. But, Herr Holsthorn, in fact, we'd appreciate if you'd go peddle it somewhere else. Now, wait a minute. Any authentic wine merchant would know that the great frost of 1927 killed the crops of Schoenbertin. You might tell the Gestapo that before they send you out again. I caught on then, and I almost laughed. He thought I was a Gestapo agent. That explained it. Maybe it even explained his wife's peculiar behavior. I'd been too busy suspecting them to consider how deeply they must have been suspecting me. Is your hat for killer, and your case? Of course, ma'am. But before I go, there's another wine you might enjoy. So, what is it? Dane Fryhide Vine. Have you ever tried it? Yes, I have. You like it? Oh, I like it very much. Perhaps you'd care to hear a little more about it. Well, by all means, you should have mentioned that before. She's down her killer, and tell me, tell me all about the wine of freedom. After that, we were all friends. Nobody suspected anybody anymore. I told them what I'd accomplished in Bielefeld and the other towns, what I hoped to accomplish in Osnabruck. Their eyes glowed as they heard of the growing strength of the anti-Hitler forces within Germany. Then we are not as isolated as we sometimes think, I think. You have a lot of friends, Frau Holzmann. My job is to put you in touch with them. And how will you do that? Well, I'd like to start with a meeting of your friends here in Osnabruck. How many are there? Only a few we actually know personally, maybe six, seven. Well, that's enough. You think you could get them all together in a safe place tomorrow night? Tomorrow night? We would have to work quickly. Sure, it could, but I'd have to start working on it right away. By phone?  You checked up on me after I left here. Well, I was even beginning to wonder if you were a Gestapo agent yourself, Frau Holzmann. Oh, you needn't wonder any more, Herr Keller. Linda is as reliable as I am. You can trust her just as you would trust me. And then he left me alone with her while he went out to start rounding up his friends. She insisted I must be hungry and she led me out into the kitchen and gave me the dinner she'd cooked for her husband. Poor Ludwig.  He should have eaten before he left. Oh, you do not know him, Herr Keller. This underground work is his life. Food means nothing to him. He goes without sleep. He never has a moment of pleasure. Nothing matters to him, not even me, the woman he married. I guess that's the way a man gets in the underground after a while. Yes. He gets hard and cold and calc. Like Ludwig Holzmann. Well, never mind that. If you will excuse me, Herr Keller, I want to go upstairs and get your room ready. You'll sleep here tonight, of course. Well, don't go to a lot of trouble, please. No, no, it will take but a moment. You finish your dinner. But the strange thing was that she never went up. At least I didn't hear her go up. I waited for her footsteps on the stairs, and when there was no sound, I left the table and pushed open the door a crack. I saw her then in the living room. But her back to me, her head spanned over the telephone. I can't explain to you now. I heard her too. No, no, don't ask me. Just do what I tell you. Don't come here, whatever you do, meet me by the van stand in the park. Be there in half hour and wait for me. Frau Holtzmann could do a lot of tricks with the telephone. I wondered if she could explain away the second one as easily as she'd explained away the first. I didn't ask her at all. I let her show me up to my room a half hour later, and I told her good night. Good night, Herr Keller. If you need anything, call me. I'm in the room at the end of the hall. You are going to retire now, Frau Holtzmann? Yes, I think I will. I'm very tired. I don't believe I'll wait up for Ludwig. Well, thanks again. Not at all. Good night. Good night. I'd been tired myself, but I felt wide awake then. I went to bed, though. That is, I went through the motions of going to bed with all the proper sound effects. I let my shoes drop loudly on the floor. Then after I'd quietly put them on again, I opened the window and flick the light switch. After that, I waited silently by the door. She must have taken off her own shoes to tiptoe down the stairs because I didn't hear her go. But she shouldn't have let the front door close quite so hard. I did hear that. Then I moved fast. Out of the bedroom and down the stairs and out the front door. But I closed it quietly. She must have been 30 yards ahead of me when I reached the street. I didn't try to close the distance between us. It was easy enough to follow it. The sidewalks were practically deserted. She didn't look back once. A woman who was walking as eagerly as determinedly as Linda Holstman was walking doesn't bother to look back. We reached the park in 20 minutes. It was deserted, too. She stayed on the gravel walk and I slipped through the bushes. And then I did close in on her. She approached the bandstand. A figure separated itself from the shadows and came toward her. I was crouching behind a shrub three feet away by then. I saw that the figure wore a Nazi uniform. What's happened? Why did you call me? I can't tell you that. He kissed her. And they were both lost. So lost they didn't even hear the plane start whining through the night. I heard them. There was something else I had to hear. Something that might prove more fatal than a British bomb. What was the meaning of the telephone call? Paul, we'd better get to a shelter. There's one at the other end of the park. Come on, Paul. Tell me first what has happened. We won't be able to talk in the shelter. It's an OSS agent. What? An American spy. Is that my husband? An American spy? Paul, have I noticed? No, you're running out too late. Don't, Linda. Pull yourself out. The Nazi was right. It was too late to run. The Tommies were dropping bombs all over town. Linda followed his advice and so did I. I flung myself on the soft ground behind those shrubs.  This bomb landed in the park. I raised my head at last. There was only a pile of rubble for the bandstand. I heard the Nazi calling her name. There was something in his voice that brought me to my feet. It was the tone of a man who called when he doesn't expect an answer. Linda, do you hear me? He's dead. Anything I can do, soldier? There's nothing anyone can do. He's dead. You sure? Yeah. Come on, I'll get you to a doctor. I have no time now for doctors. Later, maybe. But there's something I must do first. I'm not hurt. I could do it for you. I'd do it myself. The Gestapo must have immediately... He turned away and went lunging off. You don't like to do such things. But if a man's a Nazi and if he's gonna betray you to the Gestapo, I raise my gun for all the things you don't like to do either. You don't like to tell a man that his wife is lying dead in the park. Or what she was doing there before she died. Not if she was kissing a Nazi soldier and selling the underground movement down the river. But I knew it had to be done. I went back to the big Holtzmann's house. He'd already come home and was waiting for me. Ah, killer. I have news for you. I have news for you, too. Bad news. But, mine is good. It's all arranged already. Oh. All arranged. The meeting you mean? Of course, the meeting tomorrow night at 11 o'clock. There's a bombed-out church on the highway north of the tower. There's no danger of being interrupted because the church is never used anymore. I rounded up every friend I could. There will be seven at the meeting, possibly eight. Good work, Holtzmann. Thank you. Thank you again. But, uh... What did you want to tell me? It... Well... It's your wife. My wife? She... Look, my friend, there's no way of breaking this to you gently. Never mind. Just tell me. What about my wife? She's dead, Holtzmann. She's... She was killed in the raid tonight. It... It isn't possible. I'm sorry, Holtzmann. I just can't... I just can't believe it. I know how hard it is for you to... No, no, you don't. You couldn't know because you... You didn't know what he meant. Easy. Easy, Holtzmann. I just can't help it. I'm sorry about it. It's all out of faith. You've faced a lot of hard things in these last few years. I guess you'll manage to face this. Those were nothing. Everything took nothing else matter. She was my whole life. I sat there and felt like a heel. Because his grief left me cold. I suppose I should have felt sorry for him, but I didn't. There was something wrong somewhere. There was a phony note in his sorrow that I couldn't put my finger on. Not then, at least. Later on that night, after I'd helped him to his room, after I'd gone to bed myself and lay in the darkness thinking about it, I began to understand. Power, cold and cowardly. Like Ludwig Holtzmann. It was her voice, Vinda Holtzmann's voice that told me. Nothing that. Nothing but fighting the Nazis. Not even us, the woman he met. But how did that jibe with the sobbing grief-stricken husband I just seen? And after all, why should a man who'd fought the Nazis, die for ten years? Why should he collapse so completely at the news of one more death? Even the death of his wife? Well, he has something that's wrong somewhere. Something that's very definitely wrong. I thought I knew what it was. And if I was right, then Führer's secret police were breathing down my neck. He was still sleeping when I slept out of the house the next morning. I didn't go far. Just across the street and two doors down to number 21, Ahunstrasse. Yes?  I'm sorry to disturb you so early. I wonder if you could help me. I'm a stranger in town. I'm looking for the Holtzmann residence. Holtzmann? Across the street, two doors that way, number 28. Thank you very much. You're welcome. Good day. Excuse me. I think I had the right party, don't I? The big Holtzmann's house, isn't it? It was his house. Oh. Doesn't he live there anymore? A Ludwig Holtzmann died three weeks ago. And then I knew I was right. I turned away from the door but I didn't have any place to go. So I turned back again. And the man in the doorway was still standing there. Still staring at me thoughtfully. Excuse me. Why did you want to see Ludwig Holtzmann? Well, I'm a wine merchant. I didn't know he was dead. I thought he might be interested in some wine. I see. Strong wine? Very strong. A special kind. Called... called Defriheidwein. Ah. You're familiar with it? Yes. I'm familiar with it. Perhaps I could interest you. Perhaps you could. Won't you step in? I followed him into his house. And then I took a chance. I told him who I was and why I'd come to Osnabruck and what had happened since I arrived. I see. Then the real Ludwig Holtzmann is dead. He was killed by the Gestapo, by her killer, his own wife, betrayed him. Honey, that's just how I had it figured. Fortunately, she doesn't know who the rest of us are or she would betray us, too. Not anymore. She was killed in the raid last night. She walks? That doesn't exactly break your heart, I imagine. On the contrary, it saves us the trouble of someday killing ourselves. But you say she introduced another man to you as her husband? She must have had orders to report anyone who came looking for Ludwig. It's a tall, thin chap with a black moustache. Ah, yeah. Fitz Haverl, probably one of the most powerful Gestapo agents in Osnabruck. Nice company I've been keeping lately. That's what I don't understand. Why didn't he turn you over immediately? What is he waiting for? For the meeting tonight, probably. Meeting? He knows I'm planning to talk about the underground work in neighboring cities. He figures you'll pick up a flock of names. He'd never ask me for the names directly. Some more Gestapo agents, I imagine. Maybe he's bringing them over from Dortmund and Bielefeld.  Sure. It's a nice setup. They'll sit around and scribble down everything I say. Then when they've milked me, they'll spring me up. How lucky that you came to my door. Now you can escape, Herr Keller. Escape? No, I don't think so. What do you mean? Seven or eight Gestapo agents all gathered under one roof. That's awfully inviting. Do you want to go to that meeting? Why not? They don't know I know who they are. You will never get out alive! I'm not so sure. I was pretty cocky then, but by the time night came, I'd lost a lot of it. I'd had to put on an act for Fitzhebel all day, pretending I still thought he was Ludwig Holtzmann, pretending I trusted him and was sorry for his great loss. By eleven o'clock, when he and I slipped up the mooned path that led to the church, my nerves were pretty thin. I'd taken a lot of risks since I'd come to Germany, but I'd never walked into a meeting of Gestapo agents before every one of whom knew who I was. There he already. You see Herr Keller? I saw. Through the clouds of cigar smoke, I saw the narrow hungry eyes that turned on me. I saw the half-hidden smiles I sensed the laughter inside them. My friends? My friends? You know why we are meeting here tonight. You know that here, my side is a man, an American who's had the courage to come into this land of terror to help us. In spite of Gestapo agents, he made quite a production of it. He went on for five minutes building our enemy country. And over a while, I could hear that silent marking laughter. And so now Herr Keller will tell us of the work he has been doing in other German cities. He will give us the names of our brothers who are fighting in the same cause for which we fight. He will teach us how to fight more effectively. How to bring closer the day of final victory. I present Herr Keller. The American. Thanks, Herr Holtzmann. Brothers and friends, my plans have changed somewhat. I did intend to tell you about the resistance movement in other cities. But I find that the resistance movement here in Osnabrück is quite impressive. So I decided to show you an example of that instead.  How we bring closer the day of final victory. It took them a minute to catch on, but not long. Then they turned and they saw what I was pointing at. They saw the guns of the underground were shoved through every farmed out window. You! All right, man, get about it! They died all eight of them. Well, Colonel Metcalf had told me to help make the German underground strong and effective. He said it had to be organized. It was pretty well organized that night in Osnabrück. And later in Dortmund, I found myself in Düsseldorf. Soon due in large part to Lieutenant Vince Keller of the OSS, the resistance was well organized throughout Nazi Germany. And once again the report of another OSS agent closes with the words mission accomplished. Listen again next week for another true adventure from the piles of the OSS. On... And Daggers! Here is a bulletin from the NBC Newsroom. Governor Dewey of New York has endorsed the NBC Republican presidential candidate. As General Eisenhower during the NBC television program Meet the Press, Dewey declared again that he himself will not be a candidate. Then Dewey as particular head of the GOP said that he would urge support of Eisenhower if the general will permit himself to be nominated. He tuned in to the press and he said that he would ask himself to be nominated. He tuned in to NBC station for the later news. This is NBC the National Broadcasting Company.


Hello and welcome to this tutorial that is tutorial 9 where we will be learning how to handle passive microwave observations. So till the last tutorial that is tutorial 8, we learnt how to deal with active microwave data. Typically, we try to analyze data from the Doppler weather radar from next rad and from the MOSDAQ website. So here our focus will be on data from passive microwave remote sensing. So let me take your attention to one particular slide that I had shown in the previous lectures that is how different satellite remote sensing missions help us to learn about hydrology in particular. There are missions that give us information about the ground water, we learnt about gray satellite and then there are missions that give us more information about surface water wherein we learnt about the fundamental principles of radar ultimetry. And we also saw how to deal with data from satellites like Jason and Searle. So here in this particular tutorial, we will be trying to understand the data pertaining to soil moisture information that is obtained from satellites through the microwave region of the electromagnetic spectrum. So why soil moisture? Because you know it is a very crucial variable for numerical weather prediction and for climate models as well as for surface hydrology for vegetation monitoring. So at L band frequency that is L band of the microwave region, at L band frequency the sensitivity to soil moisture is very high. So just to reiterate in today's tutorial, we will be trying to look at which satellite missions give us information about soil moisture and in particular we will be trying to focus on the CMOS mission. So a little bit about CMOS before we try to understand its data products. So CMOS is abbreviation for soil moisture and ocean salinity. It is a satellite which is part of the European Space Agency that is ESA living planet program and it is intended to provide us with new insights into the earth's water cycle. CMOS is also known as ESA's water mission and it helps to improve our understanding of the earth's water cycle. In addition for this tutorial we will be using the CMOS level 3 data, CMOS level 3 radiometric soil moisture retrievals obtained from the 43 kilometer mean spatial scale CMOS observations. So you can obtain this data from the website, we will come to that shortly but let us explore the instruments onboard the CMOS satellite. So if you go to the ESA website, European Space Agency website, it has details about the microwave imaging radiometer with aperture synthesis that is the instrument onboard CMOS which is a passive microwave 2D interferometric radiometer operating in the L band, L band of the microwave region and you can explore the site which gives you more details about the instrument and about how to access the data and you know a lot of details are available even the CMOS toolbox is available, details about that are available. So if you are more interested to know about this mission, I would urge you to visit the earth.esa.int website to get more details. So as part of this tutorial, let us try to understand how to access the data first. So what we do is to access the data, you have to visit this particular website, catds.fr. So this archive as you see here the server gives us data from CMOS mission and you get data at different temporal aggregations. You can get one day soil moisture, 3 day soil moisture, 10 day soil moisture which has been aggregated temporarily to 1 day, 3 day and 10 day. So if you just browse you can see L3 stands for level 3 soil moisture and also you have the data that has been arranged over land and ocean, over land and over ocean and as of now you can see that it is showing a locked symbol which means you need to have your own user ID and password created before you can access, get access to these data products. Usually what happens is you click on the registration at the top corner of the window and once you click on that a window like this opens up and then you get to complete the registration and then you are allowed to log into the site. So you can see that now I already have a user ID. So I have logged into the site and then the interface what I see is this. So if I click on any product say the 1 day soil moisture, the data details are shown, the starting date, ending date is shown for which data products are made available. I can click on any product say over land, over ocean and over land and ocean. So if I continue clicking on the same product, it leads me to the data object selection you know. I can see the estimated size of the files and there are certain filter options that I am able to use. For example, I can decide on the starting and ending date and these options these filters are available for any data set from the website. You feel free to explore. Let me try to look at the root zone soil moisture data which is also made available.  Let us try to specify a starting date and ending date for which you need the data. So as an example, I can go to 2020, Jan 1 and then I can give ending date as say 2020, August. Now after that the orbit type information is available. Ascending is 6 am local time and descending is 6 pm local time. The product type information is available, reprocessed data are made available and operational data are made available. So I click on operational and then I can select the processor version. Now coming on to the geographical selection. That is over which area do you want the data to be downloaded. So I can pan in and then create a geographical bounding box to mark the selection. So what happens is all the satellite data that is available for the dates that I have specified that is from the starting date to the ending date, it gets shown to you how many files are available for this particular bounding box that is region. So you just draw a rectangle marking the bounding box and the coordinates appear to you. So for this exercise I have tried to see the files over Ganga basin which is one of the largest river basins which lies in China, Nepal, India and Bangladesh. You can see the number of objects, number of files are given, its size is given and you also get to select the format to archive or compress the data. So I will click on zip and then one archive file per order. So now the summary of my order gets displayed and I am going to submit the order. So you get to view the order submitted and also you can view the summary of your order in the summary order window towards the left side there. So the order that I have just submitted is made visible in the user workspace. Once it is available a simple double click will let you download. So the download window will appear and the compressed files can be saved to the desired location. So now let us see how to import and use these files in Python. So as before the smalls data are made available to us in the next CDF format. So it is going to have an extension say .nc. So what I have done is I have gone to the website. I have downloaded the root zone soil moisture data over Ganga basin and created a bounding box and selected the area and I have given the starting date and ending date. So all the smalls level 3 root zone soil moisture data for that particular date and for that particular study region is going to be downloaded. I have downloaded and kept it in one particular region of my system and now I am going to import it into Python and see how the data looks like and how I can extract the relevant variables in Python. So as before I have created an empty Jupyter notebook and I have named it as tutorial 9 followed by name of this course. So as before I need to import all the necessary libraries inside. Now in case you do not have a few libraries installed, I would urge you to first visit the command prompt, install these libraries we have already seen how to do that in a few tutorials and then once the same are installed you then import it from here. So for this particular tutorial I need net CDF4 because as I mentioned the files have .nc they are in net CDF format and then for plotting I need matplotlib. So let us try to open one single file to begin with. I am going to use the data set. So to create a net CDF file from Python you simply need to call the data set constructor. This is also the method for opening an existing net CDF file. So what I am doing is I am using the data set and then I am trying to specify the path where the file is being saved. Now because this data has a very lengthy name I want to make sure that I do not make any mistakes. So let me type the name of the file, remember to start with we are just trying to observe how one single file will look like okay. Now there are a means by which you can you know automatically read the strings but right now I will try to keep it simple, I will try to type the name by myself. But it is very difficult to do it if you have a series of files say you want to do time series analysis and you have 100 or 200 files of these in a folder. We will see how to work with multiple files shortly but for now I am going to type the name of the file and I have specified the path that is where the file is located in my system alright. Now let us see how the data looks like okay. What is contained in the data? You can see the latitude, longitude information is given, it is the data creation time is given, the projection is given, datum is specified as WG is 84 and towards the end the variables are given that is the different variables that are contained in the net CDF file are also given. Now say I want to access a specific variable, what I do is I can click on data.variables and then I get to see what all are the different variables contained inside the net CDF file. So here if you notice closely root zone soil moisture is named as RZSM okay, it is saved with a particular name. For example latitude within codes you can see it is saved as LAT and longitude is saved within codes as LON. So what happens is whenever you are importing a file into Python and say you want to extract specific variables let it be root zone soil moisture or longitude or latitude, you need to first find out what is the name with which these variables are saved inside the file and then you use commands to extract those specific variables okay. So now that we know how each variable is named like, let us try to visualize the root zone soil moisture data. So among the n number of variables present we will be using just three that is latitude, longitude and root zone soil moisture. As I mentioned before we are going to now extract the three variables that are required for visualizing the root zone soil moisture data. So I am going to type latitude equal to data.variables within square brackets and codes LAT okay. Name in net CDF file for latitude is LAT LAT and similarly the name of longitude in the net CDF file is LON long and the name of root zone soil moisture in the file I am going to use it to extract the variable RZSN. So now we have extracted the latitude, longitude and root zone soil moisture data. Let us see how it looks like okay. For example, if I want to see what values are contained in latitude I just type latitude and then the coordinates are visible to me. Similarly I can see the values contained in the array longitude and I can also see the values that are contained in root zone soil moisture which has been extracted to soil moisture underscore RZ.  Let us try to visualize the same and as before by now I hope that you are familiar with the basic commands used to visualize raster data in Python. So we will use the PLT.IM show function to plot and for the color bar we have PLT.color bar okay. So let me directly use these functions PLT.color bar. So this is how the plot looks like. You can see the legend it is from 0 to 0.7 and as before we can make the figure more legible by adding the title, by adding the x label and by adding the y label which by now I am hoping that you are familiar with okay. So now what we did is we have downloaded the data, we have extracted a single file. I have looked at the variables that are contained within the net CDF file and for plotting what we have done is we have extracted just three variables what we will be requiring that is latitude, longitude and the soil moisture information. So it is root zone soil moisture data that is being shown here. Now as I mentioned earlier say you have 100 or 200 files located in a folder, you cannot go on type the name, the lengthy name of each and every file is not it. You need to automate the process or you need to use a certain function that is going to do this easily. So as the next step let us try to work with multiple files, multiple net CDF files in Python. So as I mentioned earlier for this I am going to call glob and numpy okay gluby glob and numpy. So as mentioned before in case you do not have this installed any of the libraries whatever I mentioned in the tutorials in case you do not have this installed please go to the command prompt to install it and then you import the same in Python. So because I have already installed these I am directly going to import globe and import a numpy as NP. So the globe module this finds all the path names matching a specified pattern okay. Let me re-iterate the glob module GLOB this finds all the path names that are matching a specified pattern. For example if I want to read all the net CDF files which are having .nc extension I can directly use globe.globe and then specify the pattern within brackets that is .nc okay. Now this is a useful part of the Python standard library wherein globe is short form for global okay. I am going to set recursive as true now let us see whether the function works. So I say I want to see the list of paths you can see all the files which are having .nc net CDF extension as .nc will be displayed okay. So that I do not have to go and then type the name the lengthy name one by one okay. So what we will do is we will try to find out how many files are there okay. I use the len command which stands for length it shows me that there are 217 files that I have downloaded for the Ganga basin for the period from Jan 1 2020 to end of August 2020. So now let us try to read all the variables contained in all these files okay. For that let me first create a 0 array using np.zeros function and using latitude, longitude and the list of paths and I am going to create a multi dimensional array okay that is why the size of that is specified it is basically a 0 array okay a 0 array is created. Now what we will do is once we have created the 0 array I want to use a simple for loop to extract the root zone soil moisture from each and every net CDF file and to write it to the 0 array okay that is why the size is specified in such a way that I have np.zeros bracket length of latitude, length of longitude and length of list of paths that is nothing but 217 in this case. So let us try to use a simple for loop as I mentioned earlier why we are using it so that we can extract the root zone soil moisture into this 0 array okay. So I am going to type for i in range 1,217 you do not have to memorize 217 you can even write length of list of paths okay I am going to use data set and let me try to extract the soil moisture. So I am going to write value dot variables within bracket r z sm that stands for root zone soil moisture. So what I am trying to do I am trying to enter these values from each of the net CDF files into the empty array, empty 0 array that I created with specified dimensions okay. So now I am going to type that so every time soil moisture information is read from a file it should be assigned to the empty array multidimensional array that is DAT that okay. So if you go through you will find that at many places there are no data value okay for n number of reasons. So if at all you do not want these values to interfere with your programming what to do is we can easily represent the no data values as NAN that is not a number okay just simple lines to make it happen. So for this I am going to use two simple lines going to write whenever the value is less than or equal to 0 assign NAN to it by using NP dot NAN okay NAN is not a number. So just to see the same okay so now you see that wherever there are no values it is replaced by NAN alright. So what we did right now is we downloaded the data saved it in a particular location and then we learnt how to extract variables from a single net CDF file and here we also saw how to read the n number of net CDF files which are available at a particular location okay and then how to extract the variable of interest which in this case is root zone soil moisture into the empty multidimensional array okay. Now let me take your attention to slightly different topic which is known as trend analysis. So here as part of this tutorial we will be trying to perform man-kendall trend test sometimes it is called as the MK test. It is used to analyze time series data to understand whether they are consistently increasing or consistently decreasing okay monotonic trends and it is a nonparametric test which means it works for all the distributions that is the data does not have to meet the assumptions of normality but the data should have no serial correlation okay because in hydrology we have time series of data and normally we try to do trend analysis to find whether or not the data is having increasing or decreasing trend. So just some simple commands on how to conduct trend analysis in python will be shown. Typically all man-kendall test functions have similar input parameters the input functions required are you know firstly you have to give the vector that is the data and the significance level alpha the lag that is number of first significant lags and the period okay. So these are the inputs that are required for the function to perform man-kendall trend test. So the man-kendall test they return a named tuple which contains trend, H value, p value of the significance test, kendall stow, man-kendall score, variance and send slope. So to perform the man-kendall test we need to install pi man-kendall as shown in the screen and to install the same the following command can be used as is displayed here. Let us see how this is achieved in python. We can see how to conduct trend analysis using the root zone soil moisture data that we have downloaded. Again you know only a few months of data are being downloaded for this particular tutorial and that is for representation purposes okay. So let us see how to achieve this in python. So what we are trying to do is we are trying to carry out the trend analysis using the man-kendall test mk test okay using the pi man-kendall which is a library which helps us to perform the mk test. So what I try to do first is I try to import the library. So I have already installed the same, now I am importing the same. So as an example what I will do is I am going to pick a single pixel okay. I am going to pick a single pixel and then I am going to extract the time series corresponding to that particular pixel. So if you remember we have downloaded the data for the entire Ganga basin. In that I am going to pick a single pixel and then look at the values for that single pixel over the entire time for which I have downloaded the data for. So let me say 10 comma 10 okay 10th row 10th column all the values I am picking that is what the colon indicates and then mk.original underscore test and picks 10, 10 that is the value for a single pixel I want to see whether there is any trend. So you see the output gets displayed as trend equal to no trend, H is false, the value of P is given, Z is given, kendall's tau is given, sense slope is given, intercept is given. So all these details you get as output when you are trying to use this function and also let me re-iterate typically trend analysis requires lengthy time series of data.  So alternatively you know if you are interested let me try to introduce you to something on a spider you know the same set of commands as you used in Jupiter notebook it can be carried out through spider which is nothing but a free and open source scientific environment written in Python for data analysts.  So what you do is if you want you can go to tools and preferences and change the directory okay the current working directory can be changed. So spider it is included by default in the Anaconda Python distribution wherein as I mentioned earlier you can directly launch the spider and an interface like this shows up and if you want you can change the current working directory to any folder any directory okay. The location I can even point to the location where the files have been downloaded and kept okay. And as before even in spider we have to install the packages before trying to import it and as I mentioned before these packages are necessary to handle the next CDF files in Python. So in the previous tutorials we have already installed the next CDF for library. So you see these are the next CDF files that are downloaded by you. So as before you can type the name of the next CDF file okay and then when you right click it tells you whether or not to run the command. So always install the libraries before you are trying to import it and you know it is not mandatory that you work with spider but if you are more interested to explore I just thought to introduce this section wherein you are aware that such facility is made available. So the syntax and commands that you use in the Jupyter notebook as well as spider are same okay just if you are interested and you can see three windows here. So what I am trying to do is in this interface I am trying to type the name of the file the lengthy name of the file and to make it run once I finish typing the name of the file I just need to right click okay let me expand I just need to highlight the line and then right click and the run cell option comes up okay run cell alright this is just for just to make you aware that spider is also available. So in this particular tutorial we learnt about small satellite data how to download the same and we also learnt how to download the data, how to import the net CDF files into Python and also we got to know the necessary libraries which are used to open the net CDF file and to extract the required variables one by one and we also saw how to handle when multiple number of files are available. Finally we touched upon how to carry out trend analysis so let me hope that you found this section helpful and I shall meet you in the next class thank you.


The Undo state's governor, Oluwai Rotimiakere Dulu, has said the develop Undo 2.0 investment summit will attract more investment and full-stoy canary growth in the state. The governor was represented by his deputy, Loki Ayedatiwa, at the opening ceremony of the event. He stated that his government remains deeply committed to supporting local entrepreneurs and small businesses as the backbone of the state's economy. Before speaking at the event, the deputy resident representative of the United Nations Development Programme Fatih Atahiro said the summit will enable investors and partners to explore the existing and emerging investment opportunities available in Undo state. Earlier, the chairman, developed Undo 2.0, organising committee engineer Rezaq Obey expressed optimism that the summit will open up Undo state for economic development. Our wavering commitment to growth and progress with a number 2.0 symbolising our drive for continuous improvement and innovation. Our state's investment potential is boundless. The develop Undo 2.0 investment summit aims to attract $2 billion in investment to Undo state to create 70,000 new jobs and engage with 100, 100 donor partners and 1,500 investors. The government of Undo state has documented several opportunities across various sub-sectors for investment. My hope is that through this summit, investors and partners will become aware of and explore the existing and emerging investment opportunities present in Undo state, with greater focus on moving beyond the mere primary commodity extraction but towards product processing and industrialisation. This summit serves as a platform for showcasing a plethora of opportunities that our beloved Sunshine State offers to both local and international investors. Our inquiry agreed to the effort in promoting an investment-friendly environment, simulating policies and promoting collaboration between private and public sectors have laid a strong foundation for attracting investors and creating ample opportunities for economic prosperity.


What's going on guys it's your boy DPJ here today with another arc video now today I'm going to showcase to you guys my entire base at the moment I am still well we are still building as they try but we'll get bigger and bigger but at the moment We are well showcase you what we have as a lot of you guys want to see it Okay, so basically we're gonna start right here. This is basically where we keep all our water dinos We've got two big motherfuckers here one plesiosaur one musselaur we've got Dolphins, which is just rapid in water. We've got sharks. We've got these these anglerfishes they are We've got frogs. We've got a croc who's a beast. We actually had two crocs We've got circle Pierre and the other one was called Donnie's circle, but we got rid of him because we need space I mean like you just reach that dinosaur cap before you know it and shit's just ridiculous And here's our ape stand you've probably seen these in the previous arc video There's my beastly green lantern with that crazy as green mutated color Okay, right here.  So yes safe room All sorts of materials in there Also, I want to apologize about the frame rate lag. We all know Xbox one I don't even know what it is.  I take great enjoyment in actually raising spinos We've got all sorts of crazy as colors. We've got blue ones. We've got yellow ones We've got beastly ones this one right here, which I'll do a video on soon to come dark Art is the highest level down all we got who's a monster We've got these right here. You notice their names as well. I normally name them after Marvel characters or comic book characters and these we have right here then we have quetzels, which is My Sue was way jean if you guys know About my destiny videos Some have a kind of pronounce my my pronounce my arse So a few people say but yes, so I'll call him Sue was way jean instead of Sue Ross regime Here we have bears Supersonic, which is my one is an absolute tank 293 let's take a little quick look at his stats ain't gonna go through absolutely every day I know because we'll be here all day, but as you can see it's K weights male eights health stamina Movement speeds the beast things are based for firing all sorts of berries Fiber meat, and then we have two rock golems, which are just some months just that farming stone Looks ridiculous Okay, so here we have the fridge room. We have the fridge room here because We need to stock up on meat for when we actually breed and raise and here we have there cook a room Let's go back through this hole We go straight into the breeding pen and some for some reason my fellow Zeno is in the floor Let's quickly move him. You should not be there Wolverine Come over here There we go. He's actually these things take so long to raise. I mean I was starting yesterday morning. It's now Two o'clock the next day 2 p.m. The next day. Well, he's a decent level. Don't show you that for some reason 223 I've been printed on him 14% well, it's just ridicule.  So yes, here's where we drop our eggs We've got a giga bean veg right now. I mean, this is a low-level vegan not crazy high But it should it should come out of a red mutation. That's the only reason I want that bad boy extra fridge is there Upstairs when she had born we normally take them up here and we went to get to juvenile We put them into the next room, which I'll show you in a sec. You can see we've got pink rectus over there We've got a kind of pinky wolf. We've got arches. We've got to mutated aloes male and female brother and sister I'll take you into the next room. That's where we keep our salts, which we put on our dinosaurs when they're eating meat, too Obviously you keep the meat on them longer Come on open door. Fuck's sake. You can see they're the beautiful spinels one strawberry shortcake who's a crazy That's the right red. We've got my Bad boy.  She does need imprinting actually Turbo bird egg on the turbo kibble, which I'll get off my alliance in a second.  We've got a Deadpool, which is my spinal black and red We're better yellow. We've got another blue and white one right there in the mora We've got another blue and white one right the Susan storm from fantastic form. We've got this one right here Which is Sandman, which is a male version of the full grown female version Of the same color across there so we can start breeding and trading them Yes, let's move on Yeah, here. It's a laggy know what our base went so bad when it went all made of metal now. It's made of metal It's so laggy. It's so laggy here. We have Forge we have beer barrels we have Cookers we have cable fridges egg fridges and Jerky fridges, you know people we've got quite a bit of as well We just like to stock it up to for imprinting. We have Serving beans right there have a green house.  It's only a 170 Why you got blood in you? Why have you got blood in you? I don't know Here we have a snail pen which you have to crash for some reason to get in And you still didn't let me in I'm not crouching.   Okay, so Here we have just Basically like farming dinos and pillows Anky-panky, which is not the foes in no gut on adult decrease is actually in the main house I'll show you in a second. We've got a cool-looking red uncle or they've got my blue one in the corner male is this one female No, they're both males so can't read them together and get some red and blue ones.  We've got Turanodons in siren. Turanodons in pink. We've got Megalosauruses which go to sleep in the daytime. We've got these for the gates. The eggs are great Use the game for the Zeno's We've got this out of my life. I don't even know never flew that thing Let's go upstairs and show you guys and I'm amazing our amazing arches I've actually had a few arches die on me the past few days So I would have way more colors, but we've got a blue and silver one there. We've got pink tips all day long We're actually known Quite a lot for breeding pink tips. We've got this one right here, which is blue falcon Which is just blue orange yellow. We've got this one right here She's sacrificed pink blue and kind of a Brian.   It was just a 145 tame We've got two pinks pink range, which is mine. We've got a sharp a which of tribe members. We've got the fucks. We've got Sold he's obviously sold. We've got Captain America. He's my blue t-rex We've got star sapphire who's blue and I've got an orange belly And we've got this one right here, which is strong Which is another 145 tame. It's actually I bred her with my blue one and got this one with a blue belly So yeah, it makes sense And let me show you guys inside of our house actually got wolves to show you first few wolves few wolves We've got a pinky red one. We've got two yellow ones. We've got a gray Budded blue head. I've got a dark gray one light gray one.  We've got super sonic. I've got a few others We've got this one right here, which is the Hulk stole my apes name motherfucker We've also got right there. I'm not a mantis. What it is called mantis.  They get metal Like bulldog right here. We've got my funny dragon is also mutations got a blue belly not blue belly Sorry a purple belly We have a dole the crush right there. Let's go upstairs And you can just see these it looks like spare Material boxes Lag on the lift stop. Thank you We've got fridges here, which is like Because we're on the three where there's four people now try about three people around daily So ash we got her keep egg fridge my keep egg fridge and kill switches keep egg fridge And these were fridges what we sell out of currently.  Just let me know what you got to trade I'm gonna do trades one that We've got a vaults here with our stashing.    Okay, I'm up Stop go up Last but not least least least last but not least we have The dragon room Got Hades right inferno. We've got Zeus and got my bad boy right there cyanide who's a poison wyvern He looks absolutely epic.   Don't even know it's there. Yeah, cyanide is my beast I'll show you stats It's not the best fifty well fourteen thousand six hundred a half two thousand two hundred stamina and 403 melee with 750 to carry away So I'm not bad quite decent for getting quick meat flying to the snow mountain where everyone else is dry And just picking up that good shit, but yes guys. That is it that is our base so far now as soon as we upgrade it and Expand as we will do We will well, I'll do another video and as you can see everything's metal everything's metal in here besides The back be a mouth gates because I think we may be extending out. We don't want to waste metal So yeah, but guys hope you enjoyed the video and let me know what you think about our base down below in that comment section As laggy as it is thanks always for stopping by and I'll catch you on that next arc video


I'm about to have makes the I got a guy it's brown it be on mine. I'm about to have makes the I Got a man be booty joints be booty girls. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah, it's a few of them From flexing used to use them. Yeah. Good. So I love flip flexing fab. It's another his body guy Mike John Power. That's my boy. He follow me Down here, that's the key key.  That's why we all Appreciate the love man.  Yeah, and Houston is different you got one out here D-baby Louis Vuitton So it's just different cities they four hours three and a half hours apart So that's kind of what make it a little seven Texas big as hell like y'all are here No, I mean I'm in the country. I'm a country boy. I'm in the woods. I'm not like I'm not like these Oh Put a more game about the swing is the car in the car Like So but but they love swingers in Houston and poppin trunk So it's different. How's that mean? They popped it trunking in Yeah, and then it go back down They used to do that they use different cause Cal Lake The field will caddy Usually around average they run they're not like out here y'all do like 13 y'all Yeah, they do the 80 phone