So the dynamic of this race is changing very rapidly so much so that it's difficult for me to keep up Because we had Pete Buttigieg drop out on Sunday Amy Klobuchar drop out on Monday and going into Super Tuesday Now there's a little bit more of a question because it did seem as if in spite of Joe Biden's huge victory in South Carolina Bernie Sanders would still sweep But now with more candidates out of the race and other candidates Absorbing some of that base of support from Amy Klobuchar Pete Buttigieg also Tom Steyer now that he's dropped out It seems as if individuals who weren't necessarily looking viable in states like California and Texas Now are doing a little bit better There was a poll before anyone dropped out from California that showed that Bernie Sanders was leading with 34% and No other candidate crosses that 15% viability threshold which is crucial so even if let's say a lot of Pete Buttigieg's Supporters go to Bernie Sanders just the fact that Elizabeth Warren for example gets a fraction more Just enough to push her over that viability threshold. She's taking more pledged delegates away from Bernie Sanders and Keeping him from getting a majority with hopes that she can take it from him at the convention Because as we all know Bernie is likely going to be the winner of pledged delegates when it's all said and done He's going to have a plurality But the goal from other Democrats namely the establishment is to keep him from getting to that magic number of 1991 so you know with Pete Buttigieg and Amy Klobuchar dropping out I want you to understand what this is. This is an attempt to stop Bernie Sanders The establishment is quickly coalescing around Joe Biden because they want to stop Bernie Sanders because look They're not just going to allow all of the candidates as it stands to go into super Tuesday and get blown out by Bernie Sanders So this was a last-ditch effort to stop him and of course from the Daily Beast There's already more McCarthyist smears against Bernie Sanders that Russia is rooting for Bernie Sanders So as I predicted they're pulling out all the stops But there's one new piece of news that we learned Pete Buttigieg is endorsing Joe Biden It hasn't happened yet not official, but it will happen very soon But the reason why it's happening it tells us a lot about the state of the race So as Justine Coleman of the Hill reports former president Obama spoke with former presidential candidate Pete Buttigieg After he dropped out of the 2020 race Sunday, the New York Times reported Monday Obama reportedly did not directly tell Buttigieg to endorse former vice president Joe Biden but he did tell the former South Bend Indiana mayor that he now has leverage and should consider how to use it a Democratic official familiar with the conversation told the Times a source confirmed to the Hill on Monday that Buttigieg plans to endorse Biden who is also set to get the backing of Senator Amy Klobuchar Who will announce the end of her own 2020 White House bid on Monday? Now as you know, she already dropped out but you know, it's interesting because Obama doesn't want to be seen as directly, you know nudging Pete Buttigieg in that direction But if you just drop out of the race and you get a call from the former president Who has the former vice president currently running who Obama is very obviously rooting for Obviously, you know what Obama wanted Buddha judge to do was to endorse Joe Biden So that was implicit in that phone call even if he didn't explicitly say Hey, do me a solid Buddha judge. Why don't you endorse my buddy Biden for me? That's obvious that you know Obama wanted that to happen, right? Nobody can deny that so what I say to that is welcome to the primary Barack Obama because you know there were reports early on that Obama was going to step up and Stop Bernie in the event. It looked like he was going to run away with the nomination and we're kind of in that situation Currently, but then there were conflicting reports saying that you know what Obama will support the nominee no matter what and he doesn't Actually want to get involved in the primary because if he makes an endorsement That kind of tarnishes his legacy because people who viewed him positively are no longer going to view him that way He's gonna have half the base hate him. So what he's trying to do is pull strings behind the scenes very quietly Maybe nudge people to judge in the correct direction. So nobody notices, but we know what's happening Obama is trying to make sure that everyone in the party coalesces behind Joe Biden There's a reason why members of Congress are coming out to endorse him all of a sudden We have Tammy Duckworth endorsing Joe Biden this is all happening very very fast because Super Tuesday will have what 15 states vote if Bernie Sanders sweeps Then once you get that ball rolling, it's like a snowball effect The momentum just builds and builds and builds to where it's very possible that he does get a majority of pledge delegates And they can't really steal it as easily, right? They can still attempt something They can try to change the rules before the convention But stealing it is a lot easier if he only goes into the convention with a plurality, right now It's frustrating because getting a majority is very rare I think it was John Kerry who's the last person in recent history to actually secure a majority of pledge delegates So, you know in order for us to win we have to overperform Joe Biden is saying there's an article that I'm gonna talk about in a different video that in the event Nobody reaches a majority he will contest the convention So they're not going to just allow Bernie Sanders to win. They don't care that a broker convention is basically Going to communicate to voters that the party is in chaos, which helps Trump They don't care if stealing it from Bernie outright gives it to Donald Trump This is ultimately about power, right? The Democratic Party establishment Win or lose, you know to Donald Trump in November, they have to make sure that they remain in power This is about self-interest. This is about the consultant class Remaining in power still having jobs and that all ends if Bernie takes over the party even if Bernie loses to Donald Trump He takes control of the Democratic Party apparatus He is the head of the DNC effectively once he wins the nomination So they're gonna do whatever they can and their goal is not to defeat Donald Trump The goal is to defeat Bernie Sanders. We have to be very clear about that So if you truly care about beating Donald Trump if you're a voter and you're a little bit hesitant to back Bernie Sanders I need you to understand that Bernie's chances against Donald Trump It's not a guarantee, but he has the strongest chance at defeating Donald Trump and In the event that nomination is taken from Bernie Sanders that will destroy the party and Almost guarantee a Donald Trump victory and not just that a victory for Republicans for decades to come because if you have people voting for the first time Millennials Zoomers and they see that all the time and effort that they put in to getting Bernie elected You know phone banking text banking canvassing for Bernie Sanders is just undermined like that It's not gonna bode well So what we all have to do is focus on getting Bernie Sanders a majority So if you have a friend who supports Elizabeth Warren if you have a friend who supports Joe Biden Let them know what's at stake We've got a little over a decade to act on climate change Four more years of Donald Trump could spell the end of our planet's habitability for us So there's a lot at stake and we can't risk it But Democrats, they're so self-interested So arrogant that they don't care about anything but maintaining the status quo Which means they remain in power, which wouldn't be the case if Bernie's the nominee So this is all happening. The establishment is quickly coalescing around Joe Biden because that's the only way that they can defeat Bernie Sanders now back in 2016 When everyone was running against Donald Trump and nobody wanted to drop out There was no figure like Obama to really get everyone else, you know to to coalesce around Ted Cruz or John Kasich because George W. Bush was deal legitimized. He was hated by America So he had absolutely no credibility or political capital whatsoever But that's not necessarily the case with Barack Obama like it or not his words have sway So if he comes out and endorses Joe Biden That's going to carry weight and I don't think he's going to do that yet But in the event Bernie still overperforms on Super Tuesday and it really looks like Bernie's gonna get a majority Don't sit don't rest because then we're gonna see even more Coalescing behind Joe Biden and Obama endorsement could make a difference So it's never going to be over until he's the nominee and that's when we try to take on Donald Trump Which will probably be a more fair fight than the battle that we're dealing with now We just have to win the nomination But then we fight like hell to defeat Donald Trump But I just need you to understand that as more and more people drop out It's all going to help Joe Biden It's all part of a concerted effort to beat Bernie Sanders because none of them want Bernie Sanders to win because he is a Threat to the establishment and the money interests that prop up the Democratic Party. That's what it is


Today we're going to talk about the new and improved Smirnoff zero sugar seltzer Hey there in J22.com here with another low carb Seltzer review and it also belongs in the low carb keto carnivore Category, but I don't know my playlists here aren't very well organized but back in the day like we our first seltzer we That got in us off the red wine and into the seltzer was Smirnoff spiked sparkling seltzer And that was our number one because it hit all the perfect points it was the it was low sugar zero sugar low carb one gram and It had a good price point. It was about 1399 a 12 pack when you buy them by the case They've gone through a little naming Adjustment over the past year used to be Smirnoff spiked sparkling seltzer Which I liked saying really fast and then it went to Smirnoff zero sugar hard seltzer, which But they still had the spiked sparkling seltzer cans inside, but the box said zero sugar hard seltzer Today I bought a couple cases for New Year's. This is being published after New Year's. Oh well That they have a totally new design that's the design you see up on the screen here next to me And it's called zero sugar seltzer period and they got rid of some of these wacky flavor concoctions They had weird ones like cranberry lime and rosé raspberry Those are gone from this variety pack and now they have like the back to basics flavors You have berry lemonade, which was one of the best flavors in the old variety pack But they have three new flavors in this variety pack basic black cherry Orange and lemon lime those were like the basic sodas you got when you went to a diner in the 80s You know, I don't think they had black cherry soda or did they who made that? I forget who made that while I thought a couple of these new fangled seltzers that were on the market We're gonna knock Smirnoff on off the throne. It's not happening Smirnoff is still number one And we're glad that they have these new flavors. They're all very good There's no bad one in the case and we highly recommend them. That's it If you liked the video, please hit the bell and subscribe and I'll see you next time


Hey everybody, this is Brian. This is video eight in our Java tutorial today. We're going to talk about inheritance No, no one's gonna be getting rich. So what is inheritance? Well, we're gonna make a new class Let me move this down so you can actually see it and we're gonna call in an animal So there's our animal class. You see there's nothing in it And we're just going to for the sake of argument say It has a public String name So the animal class has a string variable in it called name And let's make another class here and we'll call it cat Simply because I was thinking of what mess my cat is making in the other room and we will give the cat Public boolean Whoops, we'll say claws Equal true cat has claws, which is why I'm wondering what sort of mischief the cat is getting into right now Save your work Save it again Go back to your start class this handy little guy. We've been working with this whole time Notice how there's nothing in it. We've got our public static void main in our start class Well, we're going to make an instance of this animal class Oops call us M animal Well new animal and we're going to make an instance of the cat Oops, you see how we forgot our Our brackets here. That's called a constructor Similar to a method where you have an arguments list when you have no arguments. You just have brackets Now you see when we take our animal We do animal dot we have some things in here. Well, where did all these come from? We have a name which We added there's our name But we have all this other stuff equals class Hashcode notify way to string. What is all this? We didn't put this in here. Well, you can see over on the right It says object. What does that mean? Well inheritance is a very simple topic meaning Everything inherits from a cosmic base class called an object everything in Java is an object These are all part of the object class or the object blueprint. We see name came from animal Name is part of our animal class now Every class is an object So you are automatically inheriting all of these properties Now let's try cat See same thing. There's all the inherited from the object cat has claws Now we can make our own inheritance chain and to do that go into our cat class and we're going to say extends animal Once again, that's a case sensitive So it will be Access modifier type in this case class the name cat extends meaning we are extending and Then the class that we are extending which is animal. So the cat class is going to extend the animal class What does extend mean? Means you're going to inherit that class in all its glory So now when you type cat dot you see the cat has claws from the cat class. It also has name for the animal class It also has the objects inherited items So that's inheritance in a nutshell Now some languages have what's called multiple inheritance meaning you can extend an Animal and another class another another Java does not do that the designers of Java thought it would be ridiculous for something to You know inherit the properties of an airplane and a refrigerator at the same time even though there are refrigerated airplanes We'll cover something called interfaces in another tutorial, which is a handy way of Bypassing that limitation you can make an interface saying it's a refrigerator and an airplane at the same time But for inheritance, you can only inherit one class Anytime you inherit that class you inherit the properties of that class For example in animal. We're going to say Public void breathe Because animals need to breathe right say system out that print line And let's just say I'm breathing I Have asthma so I actually enjoy breathing all right now when we go to cat type dot You see that we have the breathe method When we run this Save our work See it says breathing So we have a breathing cat as opposed to a non-breathing cat, which is usually an emergency in this household Now notice how cat does not have breathing because once again, it's extending or inheriting the animal class Now eclipse is a pretty intelligent program It'll it'll tell you where you're pulling this from so it'll say name you're getting that from animal breathe You're getting that from animal equals you're getting that from object Claws you're getting that from cat now one more thing before I in this tutorial I kind of wanted to go over here and touch on the packages. See how we have this default package Well, here are our classes inside the package start cat animal Listen out the medical order You can expand out the animal and see that it's the class animal has a variable called name and a method called breathe And same thing with cat There's start so eclipse gives you a lot of information now. What is a package? This is the default package. What does that mean? Well all classes by default are listed in the ironically default package So if we say new package and we'll call this dogs There's our dogs package with nothing in it right-click go new class And we'll call it my old dogs name was Molly There's Molly now you notice how it says at the top package dogs That means Molly belongs to the dog package We can also go ahead and create a new class in the default package called Molly There's our Molly class in the default. Notice how we have two classes Now what happens if we go to make another cat class? Notice how it won't let us It says type already exists Packages are a way of separating your code So let's just for the sake of argument say you make a class called Molly and Your friend makes a class called Molly if they're in the same package you're gonna have a naming conflict and it won't compile So you make separate packages So you can have multiple dogs named Molly or whatever you want to name your objects We'll get into that a little more depth in future tutorials, but Almost out of time. So thank you for watching. I hope you found this video educational and entertaining


winter in the northern hemisphere, getting very cold in certain parts of the world, here in New York, into the 20s Fahrenheit, which is around negative seven Celsius. And all of this is going to be from my personal observation and speculation as there really isn't that much research available on this. Before we get started, if you guys could please sign up on frank-to-fano.com to stay in touch and be sure to subscribe so that YouTube can unsubscribe you next week. And I don't think they liked that joke because they took away 100 subscribers last week. We'll see how long that goes for. One interesting thing I've thought about for a while, but haven't really had an opportunity to talk about it, is the height difference in different countries and how that pertains to climate. You have two fairly cold climates, say the Netherlands versus Alaska, but the Dutch average far taller than the First Nation Alaskans, likely because the Arctic is that much colder and has more stress on the body. Then you have the Maasai for instance, the Newers, various North African tribes that also grew very tall like the Dutch despite consuming far less calories in a far different climate. So it's certain that a cold climate stresses the body. Chlorically, it just depends if the environment and diet available are able to mitigate that efficiently. And in the Netherlands during the summer, it's tough to say. There's a lot of dietary and environmental factors at play, but we do know that the conditions for the Dutch compared to the Alaskans are more conducive and less stressful on the body for development and survival. So our number one tip is to consume cooked food. And I've put hot food here, but what I really mean is calorically dense heated foods. And this can kind of overlap everything else we talk about. Generally speaking, just by having the proper meal, you can warm yourself up. The main components in this that are warming you are possibly the physical temperature of the meal and the feeding of your gut bacteria. I've noticed that raw meat, raw primal diets actually make me cold even in the summer when you don't have that cooked food in your diet. So there are definitely elements lacking whether it's the caloric availability of the food or simply the lack of carbohydrates and fiber to feed the gut microbiome properly. Even when consuming fruits or sugar, they don't seem to have the warming effects of cooked starches. And I do believe that's because of the caloric density as well as the type of fiber in the food. A great example of a meal is what I've been doing lately, beef, venison, rabbit stew with barley, onions, mushrooms, beef broth and some fat added to it. That will cover all your bases, giving your body protein, fat, carbohydrates to fuel both its metabolic needs, what the cells are using, as well as the gut microbiome. Imagine your gut bacteria as a living thing, just like a dog or something. And lying next to your dog on a cold night is one way to stay warm. The reason your dog is probably warmer than you is because it's still eating a somewhat natural diet and it's far healthier than a human in the context of everything. Same thing with the microbiome. That bacteria is actually producing heat as well as the cells in your body producing heat. Granted, everything is what it should be. Number two, make sure you get adequate sleep. And there are so many problems that can go wrong in your body from not sleeping, being cold, just one of them on that long list. There are very few studies of what occurs in our bodies at the cellular level during insomnia and sleep deprivation, but the assumption is that your hormones are all messed up. There's a lack of melatonin, circadian rhythm is off, adrenaline and cortisol are through the roof. And there's also probably a substantial amount of tension in your head, being caused by oxidative stress, which is gonna make it even harder to sleep properly. I've observed this myself several times. One was in early 2018 when I auditioned for MasterChef in LA. I think it was like 75, 80 degrees and I was on 10 days of no sleep in a hotel room, wasn't eating much. I was so cold that I turned the heat in the hotel room up to like 85. I was under the covers and I was still shivering. I had to go in the shower, basically turn it as hot as possible for like 15, 20 minutes.  Third, we have nutrient deficiencies, especially iodine. Many people with thyroid issues are actually just lacking iodine as our modern world is polluted with many halogens, the elements in the halogen family being chlorine, bromide, fluoride and iodine, but those other elements which are toxic to the body replace the iodine. And if you still have them present and you're not getting enough iodine, the thyroid function is disrupted. Since iodine plays such a large role in this gland that produces hormones to regulate heat metabolism, it's a nutrient at the top of the list for staying warm. And I've had several clients who upon taking iodine increased their basal body temperature to a normal 98.6 whereas in the past, they were always lower. And that was actually the case for myself as well before I consistently supplemented iodine. You know, most of my life, my body temperature has been around 97, but when I started using iodine consistently, it went up to 98.6 and it stayed there as long as the iodine dosage was adequate. Of course, there are plenty of other nutrients that play large roles in hormone metabolism. And I do have several videos talking about minerals, vitamin synergy that you can go back and watch. I don't know if it's just an American thing and they're so stupid from all the fluoride in the water, but we really don't know how to dress for the cold here. And I taught this to myself in my early 20s, you know, how to layer your clothes, wearing two to three pairs of socks, having proper winter boots, long johns and multiple layers under your jacket. I'll wear three, four layers before putting on my winter jacket, which actually makes me warmer without my coat than most people with everything on.  I cringe when I see the average person wearing those sneakers and jeans when it's 10 degrees outside because I know how cold I used to be in that clothing. And most people just need to buy some warm socks, a few pairs of long johns. If that doesn't keep you warm, some winter boots with like fur lining on the inside really, really help. When it's really cold, there's these things called hot hand warmers that I've used and sometimes I do sleep with a low EMF electric blanket that I'll put both of those on my Amazon shop. I actually have the hand warmers here by no means am I sponsored by these guys, but since my car doesn't have heat and a Frankie Syringe meet, you know, I'm in a freezer a lot of the day, these have helped a lot. So in these packets is like this bag full of some type of ferrous material that gets really, really hot. So once you open this up after about like 10 minutes, it gets really warm. And these have kind of saved me on a few occasions. Lastly, we have hot cold therapy and I'm really referring to the cold therapy part, the ice baths, the cold showers. And I've tried this in the past but I haven't been consistent enough. Usually in the summer I would try to take cold showers to get my body used to the temperature, but I usually don't have the patience because it takes 10, 15 minutes just to get your body adjusted to the cold shower comfortably. Normally I only spend a few minutes in the shower. There's a type of fat your body produces called brown fat, which a normal healthy person that's exposed to the cold frequently has plenty of. It allows the body to burn extra calories to keep warm. So the fat is more efficient at using up energy but that means less resources for other bodily functions. Probably a good explanation as to why the First Nation Alaskans weren't as tall as the Dutch. Their bodies required more brown fat to stay warm and therefore they had less calories to physically grow. And there's no point in being this gigantic tall seven foot person if there's not enough food in the environment to keep you warm. So hopefully this helps some of you guys out if there's any video topics you guys would like me to talk about, please let me know. As I said earlier, if you could please sign up for the newsletter on FrankTestify.com, subscribe, leave a comment down below, drop a like on the video and I'll see you guys for tomorrow.


Thank you, Raheel, for such an emotionally touching presentation. I just, you know, I raised some of the questions, but I would like also to give the opportunity for the other panelists to reflect on some of the issues that were raised. I think the Gaye gave us this picture of, you know, that we are facing into disaster, but urbanization is the way out. And better than him, I know you have been working on the master plan of Addis Ababa for some time. And you are, you're seeing, I mean, in a way you're involved in the planning of the future of our city and also in relation to the country. So what you say is really the main challenge in this mismatch of making master plans, plans and realizing them.  He educates our public through his radio program. So I'm sure you have this encounter of people, you know, ordinary residents and what they think about urbanism and what we do. And also how this reflects in their daily life. And what do you think is, you know, what Rahel raised as the public participation? What people think where their city is going or do they have a say at all? Are they participating? Are they contributing? Or is there anyone listening to what they want to say? What they want to tell us? If you, I think, and then Dieter, I think you would really, you know, I want to just throw questions to all of you because you'll probably get a bit of time to reflect, but please make it short. I'm making some questions. Dieter, you raised the industrial park, the foreign direct investment and so on. And then to director raised the micro small enterprise, there is two differing views on how to develop urbanization, foreign direct investment, industrial parks and industrialization, manufacturing industry. And then micro small enterprise as an alternative approach in cities, which is more inclusive, which involves a lot of people and so on. So please reflect on this. Thank you very much. Thank you, LSE, for this opportunity for myself, but also for the city, because it's really an eye opener for most of us around here to see bits and pieces from all over the world. But as one presenter yesterday said it, I mean, after all the questions that we have as human beings are all the same wherever we go. I mean, we need to live, we need to work, we need to play somewhere within the city. And as Facil just said it, having worked on this or being engaged in this production of the master plan of Addis Ababa for the last six years, and also being part of the 10 year one, earlier one, 10 years ago. I would say the plans are there. I mean, I'm not saying that the plans are perfect, but at least there is a plan that is already put in place for the city, which takes in the issues that were raised since yesterday around here, trying to create a compact city. Addis doesn't have any expansion area, so we have to build high. I take into consideration the Paris person that said building high is not always having densities. We can reach densities with walk up apartments wherever we need it, but we need to densify the city. There are some areas where the housing is so devastating, I don't know how to say. Yesterday the person from Mexico was saying housing is different from making houses. And yes, it goes close to my heart and again, quite emotional talking about the city around where I've lived for a long time. But seeing people walking up nine floors with their 20 liter jarricans, since they don't have water or electricity, is not providing housing for people. So as I said, the focus for mass transport is there, the shift to bring in pedestrian oriented streets to give people the ability to walk, putting in the amenities on the streets, and different facilities like public toilets that we don't have in the cities. It's something that we have put in the plans. But when we come to the implementation, I would say there is a major disconnect. The lack of continuity, I'm sorry, I just can't be not emotionally talking about this, I think. But the lack of continuity in the ideas that we put in, the shared vision for the long term, shared by all, by everyone is something that we miss. Each time that we make new reforms, that we change the political directions, we start anew each time. So things are not going as flowing as we think it through. So the lack of continuity, institutional setup and institutional memories are missing. The second thing that was raised also yesterday is this thing of understanding the context. Nothing can be copy-pressed from other places. I mean, we need to understand the context. The thing that worked in some places around the world might work for us, but they might not be. So we need people to kind of decipher the details in that and see where the opportunities are, where the solution should be that fit to our context. This is the second thing that I would say. The last point I want to put in is the data issue that was raised earlier on with the transport issue. But data is needed. I mean, we plan on the land, and if we don't have a clear land registry put in place, if we don't move to an automation type of system that can be easily updated and easily available for everyone, I'm sure people miss that, or a lot of you from other places. Maybe you have a clean land registry system put in place, and you know who on which land and parcels don't fit one on top of the others. And this kind of things have to be clear. And these nitty-gritty things and the details have to be put in place before thinking of the largest key. So I mean, I'm sure we have put up a lot of time to put in this two days conference to put up all this remarkable stages and even put maybe the figures outside there. When we talk about the population figure, if I ask somebody in this room how much people there is, I mean, what's the population of Hades? Maybe I would say four million. Another person would say maybe five. Some would go even to 10 million. Somebody has to know, has to say the right figures, and this is the underground work. They're building the base of it. Thank you so much. I respect some of the professionals who chose to stay in this very contested and sometimes very difficult environment to work in urban planning and related assignments by the government. I would start by the, who says how the urban agenda is set in Ethiopia, and who sets the urban agenda? Starting from the transformation of the urban agenda and also how to plan it. That is the main question that we need to be asking, especially we want to transform the urbanization. I didn't get your message, you were trying to say something. So I will start with the context, the context of understanding the Ethiopian situation starting from ideology, the Cold War, a country that was fortified for so many years. The questions of federalism that's not even... I hope this is not going to be another lecture. I'm sorry, because I know you can say a lot about these things. Are you self-censoring me? No, no, no. I'm just trying to be fair. Well, I'll use my time, but you took some seconds, so please count it. So this, I'm not here to lecture, even though you said on the radio I get educated by engaging with the public, which is a different medium. So when I say we have to understand the context is from where we are as a snapshot and to solve our bigger problems that we cannot deny. So it starts also from governance in government that the learning curve takes a long time, that by the time that our leaders get educated about the subject, they get relocated. So it's a new start for all of us. And there is a notion that the government or we are the people, we focus on the visible things and the preparation, like the land information. If you compare Gassabo with Kigali and Kazanchi, it's a completely different thing. So if Christian was here, he would have said a different thing about these things. So yesterday, Elias was saying that the Kaveli houses were cheaper and they were affordable to do. But why? Because they were nationalized from other citizens of the city. So it means there are lots of elephants in the room that we didn't deal with. So they are like a herd. So these things need to be discussed. So I would say the next challenge for Ethiopia would be, as I see it, is because hoping that we'll solve our federalistic and political and religious issues that are popping up left and right. But they're educated and they're educated. The rural and the urban. So the half and the half of those are visible here and we are seeing the testing is a very sour test. So I would say yesterday, Irene and Kate were ping-ponging. They were saying that China has an agenda for Africa and Africa should have an agenda for China. But I would say we need, as Ethiopians and Africans, we need to have an agenda for all. Because in my lifetime, I'm a fairly young man, and as you see in my lifetime I saw the Italians, the French, the Chinese, the Londoners, the Arup, the GTV, all of them are the interests and the way that we deal with them is not controlled. So these are the things that we need to really be focused on. But coming back to the planning transformation that I would say is the three things that an accountable commitment is very important for us. The government and we as a nation commit a lot, but we need to be accountable for our commitments. The second one is we have to have the finance and the power to do so. And the last one is to have a shared vision. This discussing the master plan has been an elephant in the room for Ethiopia. That it is there, many people oppose it, some people support it, but it's not being discussed. But at the end, we need to discuss what alternative, eventually we have to discuss about this thing. So what are the mechanisms that we are going to put to guide the urban transformation? Issues like ownership. Yesterday, Christian said the country decided, but Belina said the government decided. So who owns the city? Do the people that own the city or the governments of the city? Who owns the infrastructure? Do I own the infrastructure or you own the infrastructure? So these are the things we need to discuss. But the biggest threat that I see is if we have to urbanize like Zagaya was eloquently saying, we are going to deal with big issues. Like three-fourths of the building infrastructure components are imported. Can we sustain three-fourths of the important with a very minimum manufacturing capacity and also very sliding export? So we need to discuss with digs where we are going to get the power. We need to plan for that too. Not we can not only plan for the urbanization, but to summarize it, we have not wet wood, but I call it the youth tsunami in Ethiopia, that the mobile connectivity is something that's not being discussed here. Like with connectivity, within ten years, from two million, we have reached 65 million, believing the statistics of the government. So 65% mobile penetration, 18 million data users. All these are important figures we need to understand so we can plan it. Because in the 60s, when people were discussing, they have to come to Aratkilo in Piazza to understand what the ideas were. But now instantly somebody in Barda is listening to what I'm saying about the urban agenda of Ethiopia. So this fast and efficient way of communication needs to be addressed carefully. So my thing will be is how do we transfer knowledge, including the knowledge that LSE is bringing. And the other one is can we understand the scale of the challenge starting from land management. And finally is rule of law. The rule of law needs to be respected carefully. And to do that, the debates of urban debate should come out to the society. Thank you very much. I'm sure this is enormous. There are incredible challenging questions and issues. So we cannot, I think we have also to give time to the audience, we cannot resolve them here. But let's hear also some, let's get some questions from the audience. I think we will start, let's start with this, with the lady here. I will collect a couple of questions and then depending on who it is direct to, you will answer. Hello. Thank you. My name is Atta Madate from Nairobi. I'm a practicing architect and a lecturer at the University of Nairobi. For me, it is just to make a comment on something that has been alluded to very briefly by Vera in the opening remarks as well as Deeter and Patrick, which is that in Africa especially, the countryside and rural development is not, it's not necessarily a sector on its own called rural development. It is actually urbanizing and digitizing at a very rapid rate to the point where the weight hood of the youthful population is choosing in urban areas to move to the countryside. And the reason this is important for Africa is because we still have very important connections to our countryside. For example, you'll find that many of the Nairobi, Nairobi's urban population go to the countryside three times or four times a year to visit their families, their grandparents, and it's an important connection. And if you don't believe me, try visit Nairobi in the next month between December 15th and December 28th. You'll experience something called urban to rural migration. You'll not experience any issues in the urban area. There will be no traffic, there will be no people, there will be no cars. So perhaps we also need to consider that rural development is not a separate entity on its own. And if you look further, we are working with the University of Nairobi, the Guggenheim and OMA, Remkulas, on a countryside research called Countryside Future of the World that is going to have an exhibition in the Guggenheim New York in 2020, which is looking at countryside development all over the world, not as a separate entity, but as a solution to urbanization, which causes decentralization and evolution of economics, technology, finance, and people. So I think it's something that needs to go on to the table. Thank you. Thank you. It's good that you raise this because Ethiopia also plans to build 80,000 rural towns. This is one of the plans. And yes, who was next? I'll give this to you. When I give the numbers, it's number two. There I have to take one of you. Choose which one. Okay, now it's three, four. Hello, Matteo Robiglio from Politecnico of Torino, Italy. A question about typology. The African city has been a constant inspiration for European and North American planners and architects due to its incrementality and mixed use. And it seems that this path is abandoned, especially in the typologies that you apply that I see while going around the country and around the disability. The new development seems monofunctional and inherently rigid in their typology. The housing typology that I'll build have lost the vibrant mixity of the traditional, a disability in traditional African cities. And maybe that there is a path that could be pursued and it's a path towards an African way to the new city and to modernity. I still find inspiring the brief that Haile Selassie had given to architect Mazzadimi and to the Barnero Enterprise in making the public buildings that made at Isabeba the real capital of Africa in the 60s. And it was the idea of representing an alternative to European and North American international style. So maybe in other ways this could be an issue for making the new city. I'm Dawid Benti, a lecturer at EIABC. And I'm part of a consortium of European and Ethiopian universities that is studying informality, informal housing that was funded by the European Union. And while we were doing this study, there was hardly a document about informality in the master plan or on the structural plan. And you know these, there is now for the past like six or five months there is an explosion more than you can imagine. I live at the edge of the city. And every day I can count like a dozen of houses coming up every night. In the morning I see, oh, this new house. And these are genius people, you know, they have come, they have even started claiming like the very place that people can walk.  And these people, they know the process and this invasion and this explosion of informality happens when there is a kind of a turbulence at the top brass level, when a kind of, you know, government or governance changes, when there is a kind of political activity, hard heated political activity, then they do it. And what they do is they're using the roof with, they're building the roof with an old rusted corrugated iron sheet. They thought that when the aerial photograph is taken from the top it will look old and that would give them a kind of, you know, security because they would think that, I ask them, that's why they will tell you that if, you know, aerial picture is taken, it looks old. Then that gives them a security. And there is no discussion from, I would like to ask to the regio, from the plan commission, there is no discussion of informality. I mean, it's explosive. All the rivers are, especially if you go to the fringes, there is hardly a place to throw a stone. So nobody is discussing it, not the strategic plan. So we hardly found anybody from the government. There is only one course at the civil service university who teaches informality, only one course in the nation. Thank you very much. Legos and we Nigerians, we Nigerians generally were famously chaotic and chaos is our gift to the world. So you're all welcome. I'm saying this not so, in not so much jest as to say if a lot of you, Addis Ababan and Ethiopians would just visit Legos, come and see me for a week, you will come back, all your tears will be wiped away. You will realize that you are still so way ahead. On a more serious note, I've been thinking about the resilience strategy for Legos and what comes to mind is that looking at it and just looking through the chaos and seeing the order, seeing the natural order that emerges through informality and through people's everyday decisions, I realize that the real strength of Legos and I'm sure this goes for Addis Ababan, goes back to social capital. It goes back to people, it goes back to culture, it goes back to history and I'm not saying that in a schmaltzy, sentimental way. I mean that when the state is missing, when the state is missing in action, people go back to something inside them and I think what you can do is to keep that something alive in the first place. Don't lose it, don't let it go. Ethiopians are very disciplined people, extremely disciplined people. I walk down the streets here, I've watched just for a couple of days but I can see and I know from your history, you have a strong history of socialism and strong state control, what that gave you was a strong sense of order and you mustn't lose that order, that order is important. That order is going to be challenged and you must get used to the idea of it being challenged and the only way you can do that is by having these conversations. I know it's tedious, it's tedious and it's painful but I'm so excited because to see a minister of government being challenged by a media person, this hardly happens in Nigeria, okay? This is wonderful, this is good.  They broke the rules and they wrote their own rules and I think Africans and Ethiopians, all of us must give ourselves permission to write new rules. It's very important because ten seconds because the people who wrote the rules that run the world did not consult us and so we reserve the right to write new rules, thank you. To say something about the master plan implementation why we are not successful very much in our master plan implementation though Addis Ababa is undergoing very rapid urbanization it is common that some of the challenges of urbanization are we are encountering and we are facing them and when we refer back to why we are not successful in fully implementing the master plan one of the main reason is there are some gaps in the preparation of the master plan. Where the gap lies in encouraging individuals in different work of life to participate because in the master plan what we are going to do is we are going to plan their vision, the vision of the country the imagination of the people and I also believe that more participation and the engagement of the people has to be there in the master plan because the master plan is for the people and the contribution of the people has to be also immense and I believe that we are not late because many parts of Addis Ababa will be built during our lifetime and if we are going to have shared values a shared vision where we are going to collaborate nationally, locally and internationally we will be more synergetic we need new insight, we need new energy new knowledge, new skill and new attitude because we are going to build and we are going to rebuild a very historic city where heritage is at the center and we are going to see the architect contribution of our grandfather we can see yesterday through these heritage and the heritage are the results of the best mind of our grandfathers and it has to be at the front of our development and recently, you see if you know more about Ethiopia, some one years back surviving as a country, surviving as a city by itself is one thing now we are in a position where citizens participation at different level at the city level the city government is strongly working and discussing with the youth those who are making the landscape of the politics the landscape of the social transformation and the last escape of economic transformation we are going to bring and we can boost the social and economic transformation because we are discussing with the youth with the elders, with the scholars and with different institutions, universities and the research institutions because we need new energy we cannot bring different things we are doing the same thing that's why we open our doors we open our heartes to the globe so that a problem somewhere is a problem everywhere and this is in a very rapid urbanization and a lot of opportunities and this is not only at the heart of the Sahabians it is also the core of the social and the economic transformation of the country one issue that has been raised the issue of informality it is obvious that comments that were taken the issue of informal settlement and we identified and we are working on with the stakeholders how to address the issue of this informality when the political tension is there top there, the informalities are there and we are strategically identifying what is the cause of that informality and how we can systematically address the issue of this informality that's what we are working on and once upon I will call all scholars from different parts of the world from different parts of Ethiopia that we have a good vision a good political commitment leadership to make this historic country to have a very historic city where one can have a decent life a good place to live, a good place to work a good place to enjoy and the emotions that our scholars here and different individuals as brought is an additional energy that in any of the development activities that we are going to undertake we have to consult you you have to be part and parcel of the development because the development is for the people and is by the people thank you very much it's very encouraging to hear you speak and I think this is probably part of the reform thank you what did I say yeah when we talk about the plan of course we have plans on paper but there is no any discipline to implement them or to to realise them practically so the lack of discipline starts from the government itself and the awareness of the people also very less but nowadays the problems I think big issue professional plans are right now they are politicised by the way it becomes hot political agenda in Ethiopia nobody can't talk about national plan about regional plan so plans lead us to conflict everywhere, everywhere in the country so I think professionals in this sector you have a big assignment there is no any relation between politics and plan just plan is a development of urbanisation but you remember the conflict happened before some years back and even now if you go to parliament or if you go to House of Federation nobody wants to listen about urban planning and the national plan so I think we have both of us we have assignment to clear the minds of policy makers and the minds of populations that planning is nothing to do with politics and with regional responsibilities so this is the first point I want to mention the settlement especially nowadays the informal settlement as one person mentioned it it is massively increasing in cities so there is nobody to protect the land nobody to protect the land so this will lead us to another security issue so the cities should give attention to protect the land and to manage the informal settlements saying this there are many many issues many paradoxes raised in this panel discussion and it is difficult to give some answer just the brainstorming is very important thank you the question is really the minister I wonder how you envisage a fair competition between the private sector and the public domain when it when you talk about housing the minute you as a government start competing with the private sector on social housing for example the private sector immediately runs away from social housing and concentrates on upscale units and I have seen this in many countries where the government is in such a hurry to add units as the population demands it but my advice to you based on my 30 years experience in this domain is to really just give the terms and the conditions for the social housing to be built by the private sector and don't get into that if you scare them away if you scare them away you will lose a lot of potential resources and the way to make sure that you don't have abuse is to give them so much land that they have too much to lose if they start abusing what they have and don't give them too much time so that they don't sell expensively but rather are forced to sell very quickly to get to the next stage but if you start by offering on the market to the poor people heavily subsidized units you will run out of money very soon you make them look like they are crooks because they are trying to sell the same unit much more expensively and the simple man will not understand why he should pay so much more to the private sector except that the private sector is trying to make a lot of profit so it disrupts the whole mobilization in what you want which is to add millions and millions of social housing units to the public you were saying urbanization is not related with politics I could, it will be possible if it's possible you can explain it a little bit more for me because as my understanding planning for urbanization was the main cause for the change of the political establishment just recently so if you could just elaborate it a little bit and for the other thinkers especially for Rahel and maybe Fassil I would like to understand your narrative of history like when I was your student also you define the cultural heritage of artists specifically in the era of this colonial or the Italian occupation so would it be possible would it be possible if you if there could be a new thinking of having an understanding of history of artists maybe 100 or 150 years before the Italian occupation and then you could be maybe using it for the planning process also this was a very heated but very interesting discussion you have, I think unfortunately we have to close it I would really encourage you all to come to the panelists and ask them these questions and we need to understand that at the beginning the guy was saying we have huge challenges we are very ambitious we don't have time we have to find the way to do it exactly the country and its challenges we do not have time and in this panel we don't have time now to continue so let's have the discussion at lunch and because they are endless I mean we can open this for the next two days and it will never end so please have the conversation at lunch for our honoured respected panelists and so on leave the floor to Philip, thank you thank you very much Faisil so we have now a 45 minute break be back here in the room please by 2.30 and I'd like to thank the panelists the presenters for this great session on Ethiopia


In the past, support to migrants tended to focus on economic factors. Today, we recognize that the mental health of migrants is as important to their well-being and reintegration as their financial situation, and that actually both are linked. Nobody is ashamed of catching a cold. In the same way, nobody should be ashamed to be a COVID-19 survivor or to seek psychological support. Iwon Ghana, with the support of the German Cooperation Agency GIZ, raises awareness that mental health issues can be overcome and explains to partners in the field how they can serve as a support structure to those affected. Psychological first aid can be done by all of us and is a first-line, humane, supportive and practical assistance aimed at helping those in vulnerable situations or crisis. Psychological first aid is not something only professionals can do. It is not professional counseling. It is not psychological debriefing. Again, it is not asking people to analyze what happened or put events in order. Although psychological first aid involves being available to listen to people's stories, it is not pressuring people to tell you their feelings or reactions to an event. People do better over the long term if they feel safe, connected to others, calm and hopeful. They also feel better if they have access to social, physical and emotional support. And again, they feel better if they regain a sense of control by being able to help themselves. Migrants who travel may have experienced traumatic events and they can benefit from psychological first aid. It can be provided to both adults and children. But remember, it is not everyone who experiences a crisis who will need psychological first aid. Don't force help on those who don't want it but make yourself available and easily accessible to those who may want support. Some people will need more support than others. For example, people with underlying mental health conditions who have experienced a crisis situation. The aged, children, people with disability and people who have been victims of trafficking or who have been traumatized. These are people we have to look out for during crisis period. Make sure that severely distressed people are not left alone and try to keep them safe until their reaction passes or until you can find help from health professionals local leaders or community members in the area. Psychological first aid is easy and can be done by anybody. However, there are some principles to follow. One, look. It is important to look for safety and observe people with basic agent needs. Observe people with serious distressed reactions. So people who may be manifesting psychological distressed reactions such as palpitations, some who will be emotionally disturbed. Look out for these people and then help them too. Listen. Make contact with people who may need support. Ask them the right questions and also engage in active listening. Ask about people's needs and concerns at this time and not about how they are feeling. Listen to people and help them feel calm. Try to be non-judgmental. Three, link. Help people address basic needs and assess service. Try to give information if you have and connect people with loved ones and their social support system. In providing psychological first aid, there may be a need to refer. You may not be a mental health professional. Here are some of the services available. You can refer distressed people to see psychiatrist, clinical psychologist, certified counsellors, community psychiatric nurses in unit of hospitals, psychops who are psychology graduates in the hospitals who do their national service, and also network in communities and see who is available. Providing psychological first aid, remember to respect people's rights, their dignity and safety. Treat all people with respect and make sure people can assess help fully and without discrimination. Remember, migrants are part of us and they will be with us. Together, we are strengthening. Let us help break the cycle of stigmatization against migrants.


thing it said they're going to the lines of business yes because IT is the gatekeeper that's it's like selling mini computers to a main frame you're selling clients servers for a mini computer yeah there's not we're seeing both we're seeing both as well so more likely the former one meaning meaning that yes line of business in departments they adopt the technology and then IT comes in and they see there is already these five different departments having it and they think okay now we need to formalize this across the organization so what happens then what are you seeing out there like when that happens let me pass people get their hands on hey we got a problem this all yeah that's what it comes down to well I do exist and it go get to do oh yeah they plop it in there and I what does IT do they did not so they pop it into their in their own installation or on the on the cloud and they show that this actually is working and solving the problem for them and when that happens it's a very it's a very easy adoption from their own because they just go tell IT we need this right now because it's solving this problem and it's going to make money moving it right in yes no problem so is that another reason why the cycles compressed I mean you know the client service there was a lot of resistance from IT yes it's much the same thing with mobile I mean mobile is right I mean it's okay bring it in we got a deal with it yeah I would take the same thing we have a data problem let's turn it into an opportunity yeah yeah and it goes back to what I said earlier the right solution for the right problem at the right time like when they went when you have large amounts of unstructured data there isn't anything else out there that can even touch what Hadoop can do so armor I need to just change


Welcome to Wikipedia for beginners, in this video we'll look at wiki projects. Wiki projects are where groups of people work together on a specific topic, this could be Australian biota, Australian music, jazz, cinema, football, whatever you can think of there's probably a wiki project dedicated to it. Let's take a look at wiki project Australia. To find this project type wp colon wiki project australia in the search box and click search. We'll look at how to find other projects soon, but for now let's look at wiki project Australia. Not all project pages look exactly the same, but they are usually pretty similar. On the main project page you can see their goals, and links at the top to a list of articles to improve, a to-do list, a notice board for discussion, and others. Scrolling down under subprojects there is a table of the number of articles covered by this project, ranked by quality of importance. Because this is wiki project Australia all of these articles are in some way related to Australia. Let's click on one of these numbers under start quality. We're now on a page listing all articles under this project that have been rated as start quality, and by clicking on one of these links in the list we'll go to the wikipedia article. A start quality article usually is one that needs more information or improvements. In this example the article just needs more references. Going back to wiki project Australia, under subprojects, there's also this list of wiki projects related to wiki project Australia, for example wiki project Australian music. Going there shows a similar project page with information on pages within the project scope relating to Australian music. There's also a list of members where people have added their username and what topics they're interested in improving. You can add yourself to this list by editing the page, adding a hashtag, and clicking the signature button. This will add your username. Click public changes when you're done. If you want to talk to other people interested in this project, go to the talk page. Click talk at the top of the page, and then click add topic to start a new topic. You can also scroll down and reply to other conversations and messages already there. Not every project is active, and even projects like wiki project Australian music that have several members might not have many currently active members as people come and go. But wiki projects are extremely useful if you have a group of people wanting to work together, so if you have some friends wanting to work on Australian music content, why not use the talk page on wiki project Australian music to coordinate your work, as it will allow others to join in too. But how do you find the project that is right for you? There are two ways. The first is to go to a wikipedia article on a topic you're interested in. Let's look at this one about the jazz musician Freddie Logan. Click on the talk page, and above the discussion you can see a box with wiki projects this article is related to. There's wiki project biography, wiki project Australia, and wiki project jazz. Let's look at jazz. Just like the wiki project Australia page, the wiki project jazz page has information on article quality, a list of members, and some suggested sources to help you in your research. The talk page here is also quite active, and has several archives of previous discussions which can be browsed. This would be a good place to get help if you're working on wikipedia articles about jazz. But there's a second way to find wiki projects. In the search box at the top of wikipedia, type wp colon project. This will take you to a page about wiki projects. Here you can search for projects, or there are directories if you'd rather browse. Clicking on the manually curated link takes you to this page. Then, if you want to find a project about music, you'd click music to find a list of projects by genre, nationality, or bands etc. Clicking on any of these will take us to the project page, and then you can join in their community. You can also create your own projects, and back on the wiki project page there is information on how to do that. Happy editing!