Hey everybody, welcome back to the next guest. I'm your host Matthew Weber. I'm joined by Tyler Kelly. How you doing? Hey doing good We had a really good discussion before the show luckily recording that we'll have to release that is like an extra something to patreon Because that was fun. Oh for sure.   I gotta mute this tab so it stops that I don't know you no longer care Anyway, this is what you get when you record a podcast So this is the Linux cast we talk about Linux thing is because Linux is right in the title It'd be weird if we talked about windows We should definitely do that just like an april fools joke next year. We'll just instead of doing the links cast We'll talk about windows for the whole episode And we'll make it sound like we really care about it and it's awesome. Oh, yeah We'll start making fun of all the Linux nerds and We won't mention a single problem that exists in windows because there are none Microsoft is awesome. Oh, that's definitely gonna happen. All right So what have you been doing in Linux this week? um, well, I have been dealing with some, uh, Graphics card issues and from what I can tell it's Mainly due to the fact that I have an msi 5700 xt So like there's this known issue with 5700 xt's Well, they were where they have a green screen crash And so like for 20 seconds your entire screen will turn green and then the computer will reboot Now on windows there is a specific version of Like a the radion software and driver that you install and it will never happen But on linux what I found is when I use the zen kernel and Use the latest drivers like mesa drivers and all that on on arch No problem. It will happen once a month Maybe twice and it's always like when the computer has just woken up from like a sleep So it's not a big deal on elementary os. I do not know why but It it was happening every day. If not every other day, well elementary os uses The last lts right from a boon tooth. That's probably why it's probably the look because of the old kernel Yeah, and I also think that their drivers might be a little bit older Because as far as I know when it comes to like drivers for the 5700 xt Even on windows the The better the drivers are the less it's an issue So it might be something there, but I don't know. I think elementary os has it the same sort of up-to-date Drivers I would assume but It could be pretty wrong there. I mean it's weird. It's weird because the AMD stuff all comes baked in the kernel. So If it's an older kernel, you're not going to get the stuff for the newer hardware But that that card has been around for ages, but that doesn't mean that there's not like bugs or whatever That you're experiencing that haven't been worked out in the kernel Because it was a fairly popular card. You think that it'd be something that would get fixed fairly Yeah, no, I the reason I did mention it's an msi card is because from everything that I can read online this bug is Mainly due to MSI cards like MSI cards are the ones that typically get them and it seems to be like a quality assurance issue Because one person was explaining it online that it very well could be that that one driver Just particularly like it has a good way of dealing with whatever causes the issue on the card Um, but I mentioned MSI because they just If you've ever you know done a whole bunch with building computers and messing with a lot of components because I've built a lot of family members computers over the years MSI parts just in general have a higher rate of problems at least in my experience I couldn't tell you what graphics card I have in my computer other than that's an rx 580 I don't know what brand it is No clue. Um It might be like one of the it was a cheap card. So I I don't know Like I know I know the processor and I know the the the mud of the board and stuff because I built it But I just been so long. I don't remember but I I Does anybody really want to use like uh, I mean like I know a whole bunch of people have um been using the Like Nvidia cards for Linux, but I've always had so many problems with Nvidia cards screen tearing and stuff. So I Oddly enough that you say that I've had more issues with screen tearing uh to do with amd but that's only because like to me I I feel like a big part of that is um my Lack of knowledge when it comes to fixing those types of issues Because a lot of the times when I was dealing like when I would deal with screen tearing on linux I was much more new So I have a feeling because I I don't have any problems with screen tearing with an amd card anymore but I think it was probably I wasn't doing stuff right or like I know back in the day I would install like a Um, like icon or Compton and just do a whole bunch of stuff to it Not knowing what I was doing. So I have a I have a feeling that's a big part of it But I actually got a quadro k 4000 as my replacement to go in it now because eventually I'll I'll get a new card because this one This one. It's just I like it and everything But I could afford to get a new one when the price has come down So I just got a hundred dollar card to slap in it now It can do everything I need to too fine And I'll just have an extra backup graphics card after this And I could probably sell that one for insane loads of money But I'm not gonna do that I don't I don't want to sell it to someone and then have a whole bunch of problems with it and be my problem like Yeah, the Graphics card market now is just not Suitable to actually upgrading for normal people All right, so what I've been doing is I've been playing around with uh alternative video editors and this week has been shot cut and so It turns out that Kaden line is actually fixed what was going wrong But for the last three or four weeks or whatever after an update Kaden live was just the crash just crash thing ever And uh, you know, and it was always wait until I was like 90% way done with a video and then it would crash And sometimes you'd get lucky and it would like restore and remember your position and stuff Sometimes, you know, not and you'd have to start over again and I was just completely done with that so I looked at shot cut this week and I'm gonna do a video on it probably tonight or tomorrow, but It's okay It has some features that I really like so like in Kaden live when you do fade it fades in and fades out It's just like a line or whatever. It doesn't tell you the duration of the fade In shot cut, I'll actually tell you this is this fades 10 seconds long. So you can make your fades, you know, exactly equal That's really cool.  So it kind of looks like a transition fade. It's really that's really nice um I don't care for the interface like at all. It's uh very clunky If anyone's looked at a picture of shot cut, it's The ui is very I don't know old Yeah, I mean, it's not it's not the old. It's not audacity old Yeah, uh, but it does look old the the worst part is that you can after so like I always and everything I do I always record the video and the audio separately So I always record in audacity separates and you know, I sync with a hand clamp a hand clamp And you know get them all synced up and then I go into you know, kate and live or whatever and sync the audio and stuff And then in kate and live you can decouple the Audio and then regroup the audio with the new stuff. It's always synced up, right in shot cut You can't do that. You can't group audio and video you can Decouple them fine, right because I always have that way. I always have a backup I record the audio and stuff in obs but I also record it in audacity But I take the obs stuff out because it always picks up more stuff in the background. Yeah, so But you can't group anything in in shot cut. It's just it completely impossible. It's it's I probably have enjoyed Shot cut just fine. I mean it worked fine. It was very stable. It had I mean I don't I'm not any like fancy video editor. So it has it had all the features that I need But that inability to go through and group things So I actually had to go through when I had to cut out an um I'd have to cut the video and had then I had to go in through and cut the audio Like two separate things like doubled the amount of time I was spending cutting things out. It's not It was not good. So you recommend it's been it's been so long I'm sorry to cut you out. It's been so long since I've used shot cut So you're you're telling me they have it so you can definitely ungroup a video from the audio But there is no functionality whatsoever to to regroup audio. I couldn't if it's there and exist I didn't find it So and I did google it now granted. I was using duck duck go. So it's possible that it's just I couldn't find it but Um, yeah, I couldn't like I said as far as I know is that functionality doesn't exist and it's That seems like a fairly basic functionality That everything, you know should have but it doesn't And that's just I mean it's something that if I had to use shot cut I could you know It's fine But I'm back. That seems to be everyone's endorsement of of open shot is is fine, you know All right. So yeah, that's what I've been doing. I'm back on katyn live now. You recommended olive I'll have to take a look at that. It's always the alpha the alpha designation of it's always kind of scared me away, but I don't know for most people it does that I will give that a look I mean, I'm okay trying beta software out. I'll always try a beta software out But alpha always like well, no, that's gonna be really buggy. Yeah Yeah, all right Uh, let's go ahead and jump into the contact information If you want to get in contact with us, you can do so at the next cast on twitter I'm at mtwb on twitter Tyler is one of those healings that doesn't have twitter because he's just like that You can subscribe to all of our audio feeds and all that kind of stuff for the linuxcast.org right now that just points you towards our anchor.fm page But sometime this week, I promise finally promise that we will have our own website It's gonna happen. It's on the list of things to do. I just have to you know Do it, um, you can find you can contact us at Via email at the linuxcast at gmail.com. I might actually get an actual Like email for us to it at the linuxcast.org. That'd be kind of cool You can support us on patreon at patreon.com slash linuxcast We have eight patrons now There's no way I'm going to remember everybody's name because I don't have them written down in front of me But thanks everybody for supporting us on patreon You can follow us on Facebook because I still have these things out of order facebook.com slash linuxcast. You can so you can follow Tyler on odyssey at the official zany and you can follow him on YouTube with the link in the video description. He He definitely deserves some more followers to follow him And you can subscribe to us on youtube daily youtube content at the youtube.com slash linuxcast That section needs to get smaller There's just too much shit there. We got to cut some of that stuff out See that see that's why I don't use twitter just just to make that section shorter. That's the only reason that's the reason right All right, so every every week Between the two of us we pick out one news item each week to uh link to and this week is no difference So tyler, why don't you tell us what you found for us this week? Well, um, my link is coin x's website coinx.com. Um, it is a exchange for lbc and I have to recommend it because bitrex is Crud they have given me no help in trying to You know get just being able to use the exchange Um coin x on the other hand it has been extremely simple to make an account to get verified to To transfer everything I transferred. Um It's weird. Um, how you have to take your your lbc and turn it into cash So my strategy is I turn it from lbc into bitcoin And I don't just withdraw my bitcoin And then because I have a shame on me, but I have a coin base account. That's where I get like transferred to my bank Because as far as I know Just as far as I know, I don't think you can withdraw Like money and stuff from coin x. I think they only do crypto, but um If I try to withdraw bitcoin from coin x there is like a 100 dollar withdrawal fee and My way of getting around that is I just take the bitcoin that I transferred from lbc Turn that into bitcoin cash and there is a zero dollar whatsoever withdrawal fee from there And so just take my bitcoin cash Then you use coin base to just Take it and turn it into cash and send it on to my bank account and I have to be honest out of all the exchanges that I found It's pretty simple to use and they actually do have like dedicated like little tutorials on there to walk you through How to use stuff if you're a complete noob like me So It's definitely a good crypto exchange have to say it's great. And so if you're on odyssey or anything like that and you're Wanting to know that you can at the very least turn your lbc into cash and how to do it I think coin x the best place to go for it. Okay, so this is the question I have to ask and it's something that I've never been able to find the answer to Because I'm a complete cryptocurrency noob. I think most of it's nonsense Um, that's just my opinion like I'm sure I'm sure everybody else is out there Is getting we were rich they're floating around throwing around fake coins or whatever, but I'm I'm here like oh, this is nonsense Um, how much is it lbc and odyssey worth like in real money? um one lbc right now Or the last time I checked it was trading for about 19 cents But as of like four days ago it was trading for like a quarter So it's worth about a quarter But it's not it's not extremely valuable But I mean also if you use lbc like as a creator you do get rewarded for each of you similar to youtube, but As far as I'm somebody who doesn't make anything off of youtube So to be making money off of lbc and to be able to I'm going to be able to pay my next month bills With what I've made off of um, like odyssey and library So I think it's awesome. That's cool. Um, you definitely made more money than I have on odyssey I've made so I've got 33 lbc total So that's not very much. Um, no, I don't get tips There I don't know what I can do to get tips But I don't I I it's mostly because I don't interact on odyssey like at all It's I have my contents transferred over there, but that's the end of my interaction with it. Um so I don't know how I've done it, but I or I don't think I've done anything, but I don't I don't I don't know why but my content for for some reason does Way better on odyssey And like I get I have one video that got like 37 views on youtube and then on odyssey it got over a thousand So yeah, see for me. I'm exactly the other way around. I always get all my views on youtube and I think my most viewed Video on odyssey is like 86 views or something and that's like no really the most Um, I could probably actually even go see I Like it's it's it's some ridiculously small number Um, so my most viewed video of all time Uh has 72 views Yeah, yeah, we are polar opposites Yeah, all right. So my my most viewed I think on youtube you have a video that's also Has more views than my top because my top one has like 4400 views Um, and that's like my biggest one. So, um I don't know my my biggest video on youtube. I think it's got like 3 000 views or close to it All right. Yeah, I don't know odyssey is still a complete mystery to me I think part of the reason is because I just don't take it seriously, right? So it's okay all right, uh my news item this week is um I don't remember. Uh, I'm gonna actually look at this. Oh, it's the microsoft thing. So if you use wsl For the longest time mostly what you could do with wsl is just terminal based stuff, right? I mean, that's that's basically the way it's been from the beginning of wsl to now In like lat late last year Or maybe early last year they went through there was like a hack or whatever you can get working So that you could actually install a desktop environment And gooey applications and stuff, but that was it was and I did it. I It was not great It was definitely hacky But now Apparently official linux gooey support is coming to windows 10 and wsl So if you're a developer and you're forced to use the devil that is windows and but you want to be able to use to do Linux development on your windows computer Uh gooey applications are now coming there. I'm not sure In terms of like existing applications, I'm not sure how that why like why But like if you're developing gooey applications for linux, but you don't want to have to actually have a linux install This would be actually really cool. Um I I think That wsl has been way more successful and popular Than I ever thought it was going to be I thought that like I mean If you're gonna develop for linux Just use linux. That was my argument when this first came out, but I'm positive that um More people use it than what I thought did because I mean it seems to be very popular amongst a lot of people so um Why that is I'm not I still can't get my head around it, but this seems to be the a natural evolution to This becoming actually pretty good and pretty easy to use Yeah, I see for I see for like at home people You know like small, you know solo devs When they're trying to you know, like let's say you're making a game or a program to at least Not have to have a dedicated like machine to like, you know test your linux builds on or You know have to like do something weird like where you dual boot and you have to like switch between them and stuff like that Like I or or even I mean you can't really Especially if you're gonna make a game But even a program trying to test performance and everything in a virtual like machine or a virtual environment. It's pretty difficult so I see that's being beneficial to those but You know in the case that you are going to be deploying your build on everything including linux Why aren't you developing on linux in the first place, but um For one before I forget I'm gonna go ahead and say I forgive you for sending me a verge like I clicked on the verge and I was like, oh This is the one site where they can get their ads through. I don't know why but cute browser on the verge Their ads just sneak in past the ad block Yeah, I know I've reported a lot of ads to you block origin on the verge too, but It's my favorite tech news site. That's just covers like general news. It's I think it's mostly nostalgia because I've been following them since all the guys were at end gadget. So Yeah Like I said, it's mostly nostalgia. There was a time period there where they got really culturally culture Cultury where they they kind of divested themselves of gadgets and stuff and started talking about I don't know like american culture and it was really weird. So I stopped calling them. Yeah, you know, it's whatever Yeah, I mean, they're a good service. It's just every time I go there I'm like, how do you guys always sneak your ads through to me? I shouldn't be seeing these but Like I mean windows 10 in general like the thing that that I don't really understand Is there are so many people out there that talk about how the linux kernels already bloated And the people that talk about that like how how do those people not spend their time talking about the fact that windows 10 Also comes with the linux kernel in it like it's already windows 10. It's already bloated But now it's got the linux kernel We like two linux kernels shipped on this Linux within linux sounds like a good idea Yeah, I don't know. Um, yeah, so that's the wsl thing. I don't know Like when I first it was like when I first started the youtube channel that I went through and tried wsl and did that hacky thing I don't think I'm interested enough in it now to go through and install windows again Just so I can try wsl so If you uh, if you use wsl and you have a good user reason to use it Leave a comment in the comment section below because I'm definitely interested to find somebody who goes through and use it Because I'm sure like I said, it's way more popular than I ever thought it was going to be so All right, moving on to the main topic. This is my topic for the week Now I've talked a lot about firefox on the channel and a lot of the linux Like podcaster, whatever's talk about mazilla and fodder fox quite a lot But the question I have is can firefox be relevant again? And I think that I'm going to be in a lot of trouble with this pot with this uh question because The word relevant is definitely going to be something that's very subjective, right? So, uh It depends on what you my my answer to my own question is depends on what you you know You mean by relevant, but what do you think? Can can firefox be uh firefox of the past again? um I honestly don't know because the the thing about firefox is it never A lot of the people will talk about firefox and We'll say hey, it just needs like really everyone the only gripe that people used to have with firefox is it didn't have the market share that it should have It should have been bigger. I mean it it's always been a Very good competitor, but it's just never had the market share around it but the same people like five years ago that were talking about that because of microsoft or microsoft what am I talking about mazilla's sort of um Attitude here recently are the same ones like leaving it like if you're gonna complain about it not having market share And then leave it because they're making decisions that you don't agree with I I don't really understand that but also at the same time I think that mazilla could easily do a 180 and start really pleasing the community Do I think it'll happen? maybe Maybe I think it's a big maybe yeah so The reason why I brought up the word relevant when I first started talking about this was I think the idea of them having market share comparing to like google chrome is a pipe dream is never gonna happen um If market share is what firefox cares about and what people who care about firefox care about It's just never gonna happen. It's the same reason Why when people say can linux go mainstream? I was like no, of course not. It's never gonna have 90 percent market share At least not in our lives times. It's not gonna happen uh but if you Pair it on your expectations just a little bit And ask the real question is can can firefox survive and be Uh Feasible to continue to be maintained like people still use it and there's still enough interest in it that it has developers who can Continue to develop it. My answer to that is yes, of course it can Uh linux survives with two or three percent market share firefox can too. What what mazilla needs is less mazilla in the yeah in in the equation they need to stop Running mazilla like it's a gigantic corporation like I their CEO or whatever earns like three or four million dollars a year And like their only income source the only source of income they have is 400 million dollars they get from Google every like decade and they eat through that by hiring 400 people to work on one product basically one product Because I mean nobody mazilla has other products Nobody knows what they are And nobody uses them So they hire 400 people or whatever to I I mean I'm pulling these numbers out of my ass So I'm assuming I I read somewhere that the exact number. I think it's like 350 people or something And they they've paired that down over the years and they pay their their executive teams millions of dollars a year So they're running this browser that makes no money.  I mean I'm I'm I'm coming across like I I'm Bemoaning these the fact that these people have jobs, right? And I can I'm happy that the people at mazilla have jobs I'm sure they're all wonderful people, but they need to get jobs elsewhere Because it doesn't take that many people to run a browser. It just doesn't I mean I'd be interesting Interested to know how many people work on google chrome because I mean it may be maybe it's 400 people, but google has a ton of money Google chrome makes money. You know It also has users right in terms of like real Millions and millions and millions billions of users So it's just Well, they're playing ball like the trying to compare the two It's like I mean google is playing a whole different game like they can throw they can afford to throw away millions of dollars On devs to develop stuff like they just can't they they have the money mozilla on the other hand 400 million dollars. I mean you just don't You just don't need it and firefox is a good product now and if they were to To be honest if they would stop playing the corporate game of you know trying to um increase people like using firefox by making Decisions that get you know public like what they're trying to do is essentially be a really good corporation So people like them they make public decisions that that attract people if they would stop trying to play that ball game and just Save money and just make a focus on just making a good browser Do your own thing it'd be a quiet Quiet organization do your own thing It'd be fine. I I think a lot of people would instantly like come back to firefox people who have left Just because of that decision Yeah, I agree. I I mean i'm just Because you're right that they're They do seem to run their blog or whatever in their social media accounts as if they're trying to make as big a splash as possible to get attention And instead of saying hey, you want to here's a browser It's almost as good as google chrome, but it doesn't sell all of your information to everybody Use our browser. It's really good That's how that's that's what they should be doing instead They're writing blog posts and social media posts to make as big a splash in every political situation as possible You know and and that's not the That just makes people think that your browser is terrible. So you have to do these other things in order to get attention Exactly and see that's my whole point is when you set it there You're like your firefox isn't as good as chrome if I think everybody here would agree even if it didn't happen overnight But if if mozilla would stop focusing on trying to make these big splashes Like immediately people would start to notice hey They're they're not being as active on social media because they're spending the proper time and effort To make a good browser And eventually people will wait for it to be as good or even better than chrome Happily wait as long as your company is not Or organizations not wasting money trying to make a big splash on social media trying to get involved in a whole bunch of other crap that you don't You're a browser Nobody needs your You know public displays of what you care about like just Focus on making a good browser like I don't know like I feel like google like as a parent company will do more of what mozilla is trying to do Um like on their own brand where chrome. It's just marketed as a browser a browser. Yeah I think we got a little bit away from the question but Firefox I think like I said like I said before it has a mozilla problem It doesn't have a firefox problem if if The best open source I mean for example, I mean There are not a lot of examples of mainstream open source projects out there But one really good example is obs and we're using it right now, right? It's mainstream enough that almost everybody who wants to go through and stream on the internet uses it right and They're an opens it's open source software. I mean it's a hundred percent open source under I don't know what license, but it's open source, right? And it's very popular. It's free to use It's free isn't freedom as well and I would challenge anyone That's just like a normie to tell me who the the CEO or whatever. I mean even if they have a cd.  They don't give a crap about you know Their brand image like yeah obs makes money by bringing in corporate sponsors, but You'd never know it They have the same monetary strategy as firefox But those brands aren't getting Any recognition for being brand sponsors like I couldn't even tell you who they are like I know like I'm pretty sure like microsoft and Oracle and google they all support obs to some degree Because it's kind of like the it's kind of like the free software foundation But when firefox gets their cash handout from google Everybody knows because firefox jumps up and down and say hey look at us. We got all this money. It's really cool here here. Let's uh, let's um Pay our ceo a million more dollars a year. Let's just gonna be fantastic. We got all this money It's gonna be perfectly fine. Our browser is great. I mean nobody loses it. But who cares we got all this money It's fantastic. We're jumping around in mattresses of money it's I mean I mean just the comparison between the two companies. I mean obviously they're making two different types of software and one's really popular and one's not but I have a feeling that firefox would actually be more Uh more popular it'd be less controversial It would be uh more financially sound if they just backed I'm not even saying get rid of the google money. I mean like by all means Sucker google out of as much money as you possibly can just keep that money keep rolling But then invest it in making the best damn browser you can and get away from Doing everything that mozilla seems to be happy to continue to do like so to to Answer the question of can uh firefox be relevant again. I think the simple and short answer is Yes as relevant as it was before If mozilla is willing to stop doing what they're doing now to try and get attention And they could just post one blog article and be like hey, so we're going to stop what are doing What we're doing. We're going to focus on our finances and focus on Bringing costs down and making sure that the browser only gets better and it's our only focus Yeah, it's just true. I mean even if you ignore the political stuff that they do They seem to be too focused on things that are outside the browser And and a lot of them seem to be like mad schemes to make money So the the latest example is this vpn that they're doing that nobody's going to use I mean nobody's going to use a vpn made by by By mozilla because mozilla is not actually making a vpn If mozilla was actually making a vpn that's something that quite a few people would be interested in But basically what they've done is taken a third party service and slapped their name on it. Yep And at which case just go use that service Yeah, there's no reason to I mean It's not as if mozilla is going to get all this money because they're going to have to Give the vast majority of that money to that company. So I mean At one point they were putting ads on the the new tab page That was another scheme and it pissed everybody off, you know, they keep coming up with these alternative kind of Revenue ink, you know revenue stream Things to try to make money to get away from the google thing And none of them work Yeah The reason why they're so worried about having to figure out how to make money is because they employ too many people And they pay their executive. I mean even if you're going to employ that many people Which is fine. I don't think that they necessarily need that many people to do a browser Especially a browser that makes again, no money You know, even even if they're going to employ that many people they don't need them to Spend that much money on their executive team because they're not a big corporation I mean, there are Much bigger corporations out there that actually make a lot of money that don't pay their executive team that much money I mean, I mean, that's just that's a true fact so it's just it's it's every time they're Their uh, accountability Thing comes out and it tells how much money they've been spending on their executive team It just blows my mind and I understand that I've kind of gotten focused on the money aspect but I think that that's the the biggest problem I have with with Mozilla itself is that they don't know how to spend money that because that 400 million dollars should last them for a long time but more They just put it in the wrong places. They're they're paying their Executive teams and then they're not it doesn't feel like they're investing in the the browser itself I'm sure they are but for me The experience of using firefox in the last Year or two has gotten worse. It's gotten slower. It's gotten Buggier. It's gotten it's it's almost as bad of a memory hog now as it was a few years ago They had fixed it when like firefox 70 came out. They've like fixed the memory leak that had been there for 10 years and they fixed it and now it's it feels like it's back Because every tab now takes like up like a gigabyte. I did a screenshot in a video the other day and I was like using nine gigabytes of My available ram and somebody commented along like are you using nine gigabytes of ram? What are you doing? I'm like, oh, I have firefox open. That's the reason why It's the dumbest thing. It's not as if like I have like 30 tabs open like I have five six seven tabs open. That's all I have I bet you if I look right now, I'm probably using six or seven gigabytes of ram just firefox. Yeah OBS doesn't even take that much ram Yeah, you're recording video and audio. Come on. I mean it's just I mean Make a good browser people Well, I think you hit you hit the nail on the head with they They're the way they spend money is completely The problem because they're in this sort of weird paradox where they're making 400 million dollars and that's essentially almost All if not all of their income like through the year So they're horrified that they're going to lose it So they try and have all these money making schemes where they can match the revenue that they're getting from google Which doesn't work and it only serves to tick off and make users that did use it leave So if they stop being so worried about losing google and would just Learn how to spend the money they get from google from now on and make it last for years Yeah problem solved There's nothing wrong with having a backup plan to win that movie that money goes away Because I'm eventually google is going to say you want to want we no longer care about not being evil We're not going to give you this free money anymore. They're going to eventually say it So there's not anything wrong With saying, you know what, you know, we're having a plan to do this But the the plan is to be user supported. I mean every other open-source software You know that's been successful out there has had knows that the best way to get funding is through their users I mean if you make a good product people are going to give you money now Are you going to make 400 million dollars? Probably not I don't know maybe but I mean probably not but you're going to make something Like have a big gigantic donate button on the front page of mozilla.com You're going to make some cash as long as you've gone through and made a good product.  That's horrible There are people that tip me on honesty I'm telling you like I'm like my videos are not great. They're they're good in my opinion, but Like I'm not even saying mine. I know mine aren't good. So like I like I know I watch yours your videos are good like My my point is if there are eight people out there that will give me money There are definitely 80 people out there. They'll give mozilla money You know, so so it's it's just I don't understand this isn't a hard problem to solve I mean, like I said, yes, maybe maybe you're not going to make 400 million dollars to you know Offset that google money.  It always is But it'll be money that you actually earn and it's not A scheme. It's not it's not some kind of like a Ponzi scheme or something that you've It seems so shady, you know, it's really well, I think the sort of like ironic thing about it is They're not getting as much money as they could at all through donations solely because of these money-making schemes that drive people away like people that people still use firefox and just deal with these The crap that they push out to try and make money and The only reason those people aren't donating It's because the money-making schemes as soon as they stop that and change their attitude I feel like those people would be much. I'm one of those people like I don't really use firefox at all solely because They make those decisions and their browser needs it needs more focus. That's it. Yeah, it needs more focus It needs to be better. I mean it just it doesn't needs to be other Fix the problems create a good project Create a good product and people will just give you money I mean, they literally just have some money. I mean, it's it's not it's not a hard problem I mean, maybe we're oversimplifying it but Like I said people give Money to patreon they give money through PayPal all the times to Projects that aren't even anywhere close to being as good or as essential as firefox. So firefox could obviously do this I mean, it's it just blows my mind that they don't all right, so that was a Very passionate discussion about that. All right. Yes, it was. Uh, let's go ahead and jump into the apps of the week Real quick. Uh, tyler. What what is your app of the week this year? This is i'm going to Butcher this name, but aloha mora. I believe is how you're supposed to say it. It's aloha mora aloha mora. It's from harry potter, bro Oh, okay I should probably know that I don't know if you can tell but i'm a harry potter fan. I got the harry potter stuff behind me Yeah, I got that and as somebody who has all of the books in their house and seen all the movies read all the books I should have known that. I mean their picture is a wizard. So i'm just Oh, oh gosh. Well, um, it is a fantastic password manager. It's really good. Um, you can get it on You know other distributions of linux, but it's you know, it comes with the or comes in the elementary os app store and I believe it's one of their like featured apps If it wasn't this week, I think it was last week, but um, it I really liked it It was super simple to use not complicated encrypted and I just Overall, I found it to be very easy to use and like a password manager should be just just easy um The one thing that I will say is is apparently they are working on a feature to be able to like easily back up All of your passwords and transfer them between computers Um, but right now that hasn't been implemented. So that is one thing to keep in mind Okay. Yeah, I don't think this would probably get me to switch away from bit warden, but it looks cool. Um, obviously I like the name so Yeah, if you already use something like bit bit warden's a really good service. So and and product in general, so I don't I'm not necessarily saying hey, you need to switch your password manager But this is one if you don't already use one I find extremely good because I normally use pass just the simple like pass for arch or I mean Anyway, linux in general, but um on elementary os. I gave it a try and I was like, hey, this is this is really nice. I like it Um, but it there's a lot of features where if you use a password manager already You're probably used to that aren't in there because it's designed to be a very simple password manager Okay, all right. So my pick for this week is called yt fzf so basically this is a fuzzy finder for youtube stuff where you can You can download this in your terminal and uh use it in the way that it's meant to be used and it will go through and Search for whatever you're searching for and then play it in mpv mpv so you can go through and Just search for specific videos if you want and then you can play that video Or there's a way you can go through and like loop a whole bunch of so I think you can search for I don't know at shiren or something and it would go through and play a selection of his videos Just like as a shuffle thing and you can also do it just as audio in the background So, um, it's really cool if if you play a lot of stuff on youtube, but you don't want to actually, you know Use youtube you can go through and use this in your terminal and it will go through and use now It does have some dependencies. Like I said it uses um mpv mpv I always get them except with mpd But it's mpv to play the videos and uh, obviously you have to have fzf installed as well, so If you if you don't know what fzf is fzf is is a fuzzy finder basically what that means is it It's kind of like auto suggests like in a browser or something like that only it's you know in your terminal So it's really cool. Um, obviously it's free and open source and uh, it has but it's uh actively updated So this isn't something that's been abandoned or anything. So it's really cool Yeah, um, I I gave it a look it seems really nice it seems like a lot of people like who are Probably Used to just using youtube dl something. They definitely need to check out like it's a it's a pretty cool little thing Uh, I gave it a download So i'm gonna be using it. Yeah, it's really good. So and and yeah, I have it set up on a key binding. So, um I want to try to see if I can figure out how to get it to work in rofi. That'd be really cool Um, but that's something that i'm gonna have to you know figure out on my own Um, anyway, so sounds like a future video to me. It does but it's gonna have to be something like said I'm not sure where I'd even I don't know Yeah, like i'm thinking about it in the back of my mind like how would I do about doing this? It's I'm sure it's possible. Um, because you can pretty much pipe anything into rofi or d menu. So Or anything into yeah, whatever. Anyway, so that is it for us this time. Uh our topic for uh next week is uh automatic updates on linux good or bad That is our topic for next week. Uh, you make sure you follow us on Twitter Facebook all that stuff patreon.com. So next cast and uh, we'll see you next week See you


Transforming growth factor beta, TGF-beta, proteins play a key role in the development of fibrosis by stimulating excessive production of collagen and other structural components of the extracellular matrix, ECM. This leads to scarring and thickening of the affected tissues, which can cause serious damage to organs and tissues. Additionally, TGF-beta ligands have a natural affinity for the ECM, resulting in a concentrated pool of profibrotic factors at the site of injury. As such, TGF-beta ligands are upregulated in many human fibrotic conditions and are therefore attractive targets for fibrosis therapies. This article was authored by Kelly L. Walton, Catherine E. Johnson and Craig A. Harrison.


Just like the New England Patriots, the Miami Dolphins are battling in the AFC East the toughest division in football. They've also got a really tough schedule, so let's see how they do. I think they're going to start the season 2 and 2 getting wins against the Chargers and the Broncos, but dropping games at the Patriots and at Buffalo. And then a few NFC teams come around, they're going to beat the Giants, they're going to beat the Carolina Panthers, but lose at Philly. And then their favorite time of year, the Patriots come to Miami Gardens, it's a scheduled win for the Dolphins, the Patriots just can't play down there. And they're going to wrap their first half of season with a loss against the Kansas City Chiefs, but they come back strong and rattle off a four-game win streak against the Raiders, Jets, Commanders, and Titans. And then lose two in a row to the Jets and the Dallas Cowboys, but not before finishing their season with a win against Baltimore Ravens and then a loss against the Buffalo Vills. Now I've got the Dolphins and the Patriots both going 10 and 7, so it's going to be really interesting to see who gets those all-important tiebreaker wins and sneaks into the playoffs from the AFC East.


Greetings from the National Archives flagship building in Washington, D.C., which sits on the ancestral lands of the Nacotch tanked peoples. I'm David Ferriero, archivist of the United States. Long before the United States was a nation, record keepers understood the importance of keeping records. Starting with the Continental Congress and the Revolutionary War, the government was creating records. As the bureaucracy grew, so did the amount of records. Documents were piling up all over Washington and damp garages and basements. Only in the 1920s, Congress approved funds for a hall of records, which became the National Archives building in the mid-1930s. Congress established the National Archives to centralize federal record keeping. Our core mission is the same as it was the day it was created in 1934. We collect, protect and provide access to the most important government records. We make the records available so that the American public can hold its government accountable and learn from our past. We keep about 2 to 3 percent of all the records created by the government each year, but they are the ones with long-term historic or legal interest. Today that collection translates into over 15 billion sheets of paper, 44 million photographs, miles and miles of video and film in more than 6 billion electronic records, the fastest growing record form. We serve customers at 44 locations all over the country, not just in the Washington area. This includes our massive National Personnel Records Center in St. Louis, Presidential Libraries and Regional Archives. We are committed to the preservation of original records as they provide us with important information about our material culture and give a tangible connection to our history. This can be a challenging time to find resources for preserving original records when digitization of electronic records preservation and providing online access can absorb so many of our resources. The National Archives Preservation Strategy shows our commitment to preserve the vast holdings that document our nation's historic record on paper by expanding our paper-based treatment services. Within our preservation programs division, we have elevated heritage science research and testing to its own branch so that the National Archives can continue to provide leadership in scientific-based preservation guidance essential for our own records and those of other archival institutions. Our experienced conservators are internationally recognized experts in the treatment of historic papers. Even during the pandemic, preservation and program staff conserved revolutionary war pensions to preserve these historic documents and support their digitization for wider access. Also they treated military service papers so veterans and their families could claim needed benefits. Complimenting the hands-on work of conservators and technicians, the National Archives uses preventive preservation strategies such as environmental management, holdings maintenance and preservation policies to ensure the safety of all our records. Science, conservation treatment and sensible management are the three-pronged approach of the National Archives Preservation Program. I personally know the value and connection to history that original records can convey. I see preservation of original records as a fundamental mission of the National Archives and support it as such along with our goals of providing digital access to these records and preserving the newer electronic records of our country. From its founding, the federal government of the United States has documented its policies and decisions. But for almost 150 years, it had virtually no method or centralized place to safeguard these historically important records. During those years, federal records were kept in various basements, attics, abandoned buildings and other ill-suited structures, often with no security or concern for environmental conditions. In many instances, fires, water damage, mold and pests destroyed important documents, reinforcing the need for a national archive. In 1926, Congress approved the construction of a National Archives Building in Washington, D.C. as a part of the Public Buildings Act. The building was dedicated by the departing President Hoover in early 1933. And in 1934, President Roosevelt signed the final legislation establishing the National Archives as a federal agency. Although the National Archives Building was fully completed in 1937, it did not yet hold the documents most closely associated with it, the Constitution, the Bill of Rights, and the Declaration of Independence. The architect John Russell Pope had designed the rotunda as a shrine for these documents, but two were still in the custody of the Library of Congress. In 1952, after years of negotiation between the Archivist of the United States and the Librarian of Congress, the Constitution and Declaration were finally transferred to the National Archives, joining the Bill of Rights, which had already been transferred in 1938. The three national treasures became collectively known as the Charters of Freedom. They have secured the rights of the American people for more than 230 years and are considered instrumental to the founding and philosophy of the United States. On December 15, 1952, Bill of Rights Day, Chief Justice Vinson presided over the formal enshrining ceremony attended by President Truman and other dignitaries. A stranger in our midst, ignorant of our institution, might think it odd that we would whack so eloquently over some ancient scraps of paper. But the fact is, these papers are not historical heirlooms. They are the living, organic law of the land. The National Archives is the keeper of records from all three branches of the federal government, the executive, legislative and judicial. We don't, however, have all the records ever created. In fact, only about two to four percent of all records an agency creates get designated as permanent. Which records we accession depends on when the records were created, the branch that created them, and the legal framework that governs them. The vast majority of federal records have been and continue to be generated from within the executive branch. The Department of State, for example, these agencies generate a lot of records and need a responsible legal way to dispose of the obsolete ones with no continuing value. At the same time, agencies need to identify those that have permanent historical value and should be accession by the National Archives. The permanent holdings of the National Archives date back to the latter half of the 18th century and includes but is not limited to the following. Billions of maps, charts and architectural drawings. More than 40 million still pictures and graphics. Billions of electronic records. Over half a million reels of motion picture film. Hundreds of thousands of video and sound recordings. More than one million artifacts. And over 15 billion pages of textual records. The vast majority of which are paper. Therefore, despite not having all the records the government has ever produced, there is still plenty of material to discover and examine. NARA's holdings are preserved and accessible at over 40 locations across the United States. But thanks to our websites and online catalog, you do not have to visit Washington DC or any of our other facilities in order to conduct research at the National Archives. Because the quantity of NARA's paper-based holdings is so vast, with some records dating from before the founding of our republic, there exists a special appreciation and awareness within our agency to the needs of these priceless records. The responsibility for the care and treatment of paper records. Be they documents, maps, drawings, posters, artworks or bound volumes, rests with the conservation branch in the Washington DC area, and with the St. Louis Preservation and Conservation Branch, two components of preservation programs. Here are a few projects that the branches have been involved in. NARA's mission to enable access greatly benefits genealogists searching for key information about family history. In the 18th and 19th centuries, illustrated family records or fractures were created to document one's family tree. Fractures were often made by professional artists and NARA is fortunate to have about 100 of these in its holdings. This illustrated family record records the 1784 marriage of John and Jane Tomlin and the birth of their five children. After the Revolutionary War, many women were widowed and the government offered pensions to those who could prove their relationship with a deceased soldier. Jane Tomlin turned over her family record to the government to receive an $80 a year pension. This record has a horizontal tear going through the entire booklet. At some point in its history, someone repaired the tear using thread. The conservation branch was asked to treat this record for display. To better align the text, the thread was loosened and the top and bottom halves of the booklet were repositioned. The tear was reinforced with mending paper and wheat starch paste. The fill an area of loss in the document. A piece of mending paper similar in weight to the original document is selected. Sometimes the inserted fill is toned to closely match the color of the original document. This is a step that conservators will often take when a document is selected for exhibition. If the color of the men's blends well with the original, the person viewing the document on display is less likely to be distracted by obvious repairs to it. Instead, the attention will focus on the content of the record and the overall object as it was created by the Fractur artist. We are now at the preservation and conservation branch of the St. Louis National Personnel Record Center. The main collections we work with have acute preservation problems due to a disastrous 1973 fire at the previous facility. An estimated 18 million service members' files were lost. Six and a half million files were salvaged, but most had extensive fire, water, and mold damage. These surviving files, known as B files, are kept in a specially designed stack area. Records that need treatment for safe access remain with preservation. They are surface cleaned, and if necessary, humidified to remove distortions. Humidification, once done passively with trays, has improved by using a dome and ultrasonic humidifier, surrounding the pages with paper. Mending improvements include a shift from handmade wheat starch paste applied to mending paper as needed to pre-made, re-moistenable, and heat set tissues. These prepared tissues allow technicians to focus on treatment versus preparation. For records that require special handling but not full treatment, overhead scanners can capture information on slightly distorted pages without the risk of further damage. Perhaps most innovative is our content recovery scanning. Because inks burn at a higher temperature than paper, traces of carbon from inks on a burned area may remain. Through the use of infrared light filters and photography software, we can pick up that text, reveal it, and re-establish information that previously was deemed lost. NARA's conservation and heritage science branches are frequently asked to aid in investigations involving NARA holdings. In 1998, a researcher secretly altered an original document signed by Abraham Lincoln. The year written on the document, April 14, 1864, had been changed to April 14, 1865. Thereby making it appear President Lincoln signed the document the day of his assassination. The discovery of this document, a pardon of a Civil War soldier charged with desertion, was recognized as one of Lincoln's last great acts and was greeted with a keen interest in the historical community. It also gave the researcher long sought after notoriety as a Lincoln expert since he discovered the pardon. Over time, suspicions grew regarding the integrity of this document. And in 2011, NARA investigators interviewed the researcher. He confessed to altering the date on the pardon. A NARA senior conservator was asked to determine if the forged date could be reversed and returned to the original date. The document was carefully examined using various wavelengths of light and magnification. Abrasions to the paper surface were evident where the researcher attempted to remove all traces of the original number four. Conservation discovered many differences in how the document appeared visually. While a heritage science chemist searched for material differences between the original ink and that used in the forgery. Scientific instruments revealed the inks were of similar chemical composition and both iron gall inks, but they were not identical recipes. Unfortunately, the fragility of the paper and the permanence of the ink prevented the number from being returned to its original state. Documentation housed with the pardon explains the story and the researcher has been banned from NARA for life. Conservation branch works collaboratively with exhibits and public programs to safely display NARA's treasure documents. This is behind the scenes activity in the conservation laboratory to prepare the Emancipation Proclamation for a rare public viewing. Due to its fragile condition and historical significance, the document is kept in a custom protective housing. The Emancipation is in a folio format with text written on both sides of multiple sheets. Therefore, all pages cannot be displayed at one time. Each year, pages are alternated for exhibition to reduce damage from light exposure. The Emancipation Proclamation was written on machine-made paper, which is typical of the Industrial Revolution. Holes punched near the fold on the left margin were originally threaded with ribbon. At some point in the past, the ribbon was removed and the folio was taken apart. The preliminary Emancipation Proclamation document, also in NARA's care, shows what the original Emancipation may have looked like. The ribbon is laced back through the folio and is secured by the presidential seal. The Emancipation Proclamation is exhibited with a piece of alkaline paper for support. And between two pieces of polyester film, polyester adds a significant layer of protection and support during handling. When sealed on all four sides, the polyester creates a protective microenvironment. The document is boxed in its exhibition encapsulation and custom-made archival frame year round and in dark storage for the majority of the year. Within the many facilities of the National Archives are countless original documents that tell the American story. They are proof of the power of history as created by the institutions and people who lived through it. Our nation's stories of family and citizenship, of war and diplomacy, of liberty and law, of patriots and presidents is preserved here at the National Archives. These records ensure that the cost and privilege of freedom will never be forgotten. We welcome visitors from all over the world to experience our vast holdings either in person or online. A rich and fulfilling experience awaits.


Greetings my esteemed audience. I'm checking in with a few insights which will hopefully be useful to some of you. Now as you see in the title I messed up. I made a few mistakes and I am now on the back foot and I make this video to give you all an update and also to share a few teachings so that you don't repeat my mistakes. Now first and foremost it is not something super dramatic that has happened but rather a few mishaps, a few mistakes. So I'll give a brief overview before getting into the teachings at hand, the insights we can learn from my own mistakes. So first things first, last year, perhaps you saw I made a video asking for some legal advice, US-based legal advice and what happened to the American Way? You ask yes. We were in the process of restocking the American Way. It was a super popular product. So of course I wanted to restock it and then I get an email, highly traumatic email, saying that the manufacturer had gone bankrupt and then we had paid the 50% the prepayment, quite a hefty sum and then yeah, they say that they have gone bankrupt and yeah, of course the order was cancelled and we have still to receive the refund for that cost. I'm still waiting. Maybe we'll get into, maybe we'll take some legal action depending, I'm still giving them some time because of course it's a big thing for the mother company to deal with, to repay investors and the like. And then also speaking legal action, another mistake I did, or mistake I didn't know better than, now I know better. As you saw also looked into taking legal action against Meta and that cost me a lot, didn't bring me anything. Now I was warned beforehand that there was the risk of wasting money on something that wouldn't yield anything. But then, so half a year ago I thought this is for the greater good. I'm gonna do it anyway, see if we can actually get something done here and yeah, it was a mistake in retrospect. So a mishap in a company going bankrupt, leaving us stranded there and that is also why the American user name page was not so active for some time. Now of course you can order directly from Sweden. Hopefully we can regain that lost territory. So a mishap first and foremost and then a failed charge. I likened it to the charge of the Minas Tirith Knights, the charge against Osgiliath and yeah, that was about how it went as well. So a bit of a fail, a bit of a failure, but it is what it is and then also we have a few products and I will show you one example. I have this very fine cardigan on me as we speak and I've had a similar cardigan for about 12 years. I was very attached to it. You've seen it in older videos as well, wore it a lot and I thought my goal here is to one day have something similar for Legi Gloria and when I saw the prototype for the first time I thought yes, this is gonna be a hit because I believe it's so it's so nice and comfortable and beautiful. Now what I didn't realize because I was so blinded and this is the teaching then that sometimes you're blinded by your own perception of things. I was so blinded by my own enthusiasm for the garment that I didn't realize that a cardigan is a quite specific fashion statement, so not all guys like cardigans. I should have known I didn't because I was blinded by my own enthusiasm, so I released it. It wasn't particularly popular, so a big investment making garment like this and yeah, so a bit of a fail. Something else to use another example, have this fine tank top as well. I thought the color here is absolutely wonderful. Everyone is gonna love this because I loved it myself. I was super excited. Organic cotton as well, but to my great dismay wasn't popular at all. And then I asked around a bit. Okay, what's what's going on? Asked friends and many said this isn't the color is a bit, you know, many guys they prefer to have white, gray, black, a bit more muted colors. For me I've always liked having a lot of color on me, and this is good. This is an aristocratic trait and having a bit more muted colors. That's more of a plebeian trait. I'm not gonna go into a fashion history lesson here, but it's something good to wear a color. Now something else I know it's not super exciting to talk about, but we're talking about logistics. Something I should have done a long time ago was optimize the logistics and the teaching here by the way is that if you have a system get the system firmly in place first and then you can start developing. So I postponed it now of course as I make this video. I have sat down. I have done the long, hard, arduous work to get everything sorted out. So if you're going to legugloria.com now, you will see that we have a flat rate of five euro or the equivalent in other currencies, and then we also have a free shipping option if you exceed a certain value and orders will be sent out every day. Now only a month ago we used DHL, which has been a pain because they've had a lot of issues. Now I know to not work with them and the orders were shipped out only once or twice a week, which is fine if you're a startup or something, but legugloria is large enough now to, you know, reach the level where you are shipping out orders every day and you have a good logistical system in place and you don't use companies such as DHL with a lot of issues. Now I won't go into any more details here because I know it's very technical and again, it's a big deal for me because I have to deal with it a lot, but perhaps not so interesting for you, but the teaching at hand is that if you have something, a system, try to optimize it in the beginning. So the Swedish Juttenheim nutrition.se, it has worked very well for many years now and I've implemented the same system for the other pages. So hopefully in a few weeks knock on wood, everything will be well for the other pages as well and it will be, you know, it will be a good system. Now to the main teaching at hand. It's the Greek myth of Icaros. He flew too close to the Sun and this is something I've tried to keep with me all the time. This teaching that you don't get complacent, but even knowing this, even knowing about this myth from an early age, I still got complacent. I got a bit Yeah, I wasn't careful enough. I made big investments without doing the research and that carelessness, I can liken to that, the teaching of getting too close to the Sun, you get complacent, you don't you don't think you can fall, but you can always fall, especially if you make yourself guilty of hubris, which is then to get too close to the Sun. So I should have been more humble with these investments. I should have been more careful, and this is also something Thomas Hodgkin writes in his excellent book about Theodric the Great, which I made a podcast episode about by the way, and I said there there's a weakness in the Gothic soul, and of course I'm a Gothic man prone to taking risks, I suppose. I didn't realize this about myself, but I just have to analyze my own blood, the viking, the Gothic propensity to take risks, and he writes the the Gothic weakness in staking everything on big risks, and then of course sometimes it can go well, but sometimes it can go not as well. So this is something I've learned for myself and then for everyone who's of a similar disposition or archetype or ethnicity that it can be worth keeping in mind that sometimes to not be so keen on taking risks. Again, I didn't think of this myself. I never thought of myself as someone who enjoys taking risks I don't enjoy taking risks, but when I analyze myself in retrospect, maybe I took a few risks because I got complacent. I flew too close to the Sun, and yeah, now I am on the back foot because of a mishap with the bankruptcy and the legal stuff, and then a few bad investments, and here we are. So things can go from bad to worse quite quickly. Now, I'm still in a position where I can turn this around, and I will use all of my knowledge and power and drive to remedy the situation, to start flying again before I hit the sea as Icaros in the myth. Now I will of course say something good about myself as well, and that is I have never done anything to compromise my word, my honor, my gravitas, so that is still in tip-top shape because I've always taken the path of honor, and that is of course something you can see as well, especially if you've been following me for a good few years, that you know I'm a man of honor, and when we're talking about the business itself, the products are of the utmost quality, and that is something that, you know, saves the day. So I always thought that I can, you know, I can count on guys giving me a chance because I'm me, I'm working for the greater cause, so I am given a chance to make a good impression, and that is where the quality of the products come in. So the successful launches, they have saved the day, and of course the loyalty of my esteemed supporters. It's hard for me to say, you know, through a camera, perhaps you don't feel it, perhaps it's hard to feel my gratitude, but I will try to. I'm using all of my poetic prowess to try to express my gratitude here for all of my loyal supporters who have been with me for a long time, so I couldn't have done anything without you, and yeah, I'm still in a position where I can turn things around because of you, so thank you from the bottom of my heart. So anyway, to recap the teachings at hand don't get tired, you always have to be in in tip-top shape, especially of course if you're like me, you're also having to contend with a very hostile environment, you know, not being able to market your wares, because no Instagram account, having been shadow banned, having to watch out for hostile actors all the time, everywhere, because I am me, of course a public figure, a dissident, so yeah, a lot of dangers to contend with, but this is something I should be able to handle because I'm, if I may say so myself, I'm quite talented also, so I take the hardest road because I'm able to do it, and of course I have a high opinion on my own abilities, even so I should have been more humble, so moving forward I will be more careful with a lot that I do and I will work a bit harder. Now, of course, this isn't only about business, you can use these teachings for anything, really, so if we're talking about a physical fight or metapolitics or politics, don't swing too much because then you might open yourself up to be to be knocked out, and you can take maybe one hit, but when you take one, two, three hits, then yeah, you might be down for the counting, so to speak, so keep your guard up, keep breathing, don't get lazy, don't get complacent, don't take too too many risks, sometimes you need to take risks, and perhaps if you're a timid guy I would say to you that you should take more risks, but if you're a neo-gothic gentleman such as myself, maybe you should take fewer risks and calculate more before you actually commit to a course of action, and then of course do the research, is this something that will be, that will actually sell well, or if we're talking about metapolitical endeavors, is this an argument which will you know be be welcomed by others, or is this something I've only, I've talked with my good friends and we've agreed upon that you know we need to create a temple in Antarctica or something, I'm just saying something random here, but you know what I mean, it's you have to, you have to zoom out from yourself, look at the world from the perspective of an eagle, an eagle of insight, and see okay most people in terms of metapolitics, they aren't really concerned with you know certain things that might be interesting to you, so you have to look at what do normies want right now, then of course you have to push the normies to see things from your perspective, same thing with when it comes to clothing, so I say to all of you go to leaggloria.com order yourself some cotton underwear because you shouldn't have tight-fitting polyester underwear so you should push your your world view at the same time as also taking into consideration that sometimes some people they might not see the world as you do, now anyway all that being said I will check back in in half a year, maybe after summer or something like that, and we'll see if I have managed to turn the situation around, and if I am in a good place or not in a good place, but I will make my, I will do my utmost, I will use all of my talent, all of my willpower, all of my drive to rectify the situation and to get to get away from being on the back foot, so yeah lastly thanks again to everyone who supported me, it truly means the world to me and yeah, I will work hard to turn this around, so I will see you in the next video, except so boom!


Mother, is Maxwell House really the only coffee in the world? Well, your father says so, and your father knows best. Yes, it's Father Knows Best, transcribed in Hollywood, starring Robert Young's father. A half-hour visit with your neighbors, the Anderson's, brought to you by America's favorite coffee, Maxwell House. The coffee that's always good to the last drop. Carrot is, it's a biannual, ameaceous plant with a usually orange-colored spindle-shaped edible root. That's what a carrot is. Very simple. A carrot is also a little girl by the name of Kathy, who lives in Springfield with her family, the Anderson's, in a white frame house on Maple Street. That isn't quite as simple, but it's true, like this. Ah! See? Kathy, will you please stop that? But I have to learn it. That's all I've heard for a week. Carrot.  I'd like to move out until she decides whether she's a carrot or a girl. Oh, I'm a girl carrot. They're going to do the play tomorrow, and then it'll all be over. By tomorrow, I'll be a raving maniac.  Betty kicked me out. Well, go down to the playroom. Butt said he'd shoot me. I don't know. I've had a hard day at the office, dinner is late. Jim, I told you why it was late. I know, but... I've got to get this carrot costume finished for Kathy's play, and it isn't going to get finished by itself. I understand that, Margaret, but I don't think it's asking too much that I be permitted to read my newspaper. You go right ahead, dear. It won't bother us a bit. Thank you very much. All right, Kathy. But Daddy said... Your father doesn't mind. Okay. I am carrot. Honey. Read your newspaper, Jim. Oh. Go ahead, dear. I contain vitamin C. Holy jumping catfish. Jim, what is it? Look at this. Stockwell's giving out the insurance contract tomorrow. Who? Ryan Stockwell, the man who's putting in that subdivision in North Springfield. Oh. Well, you've already put in your bid, haven't you? That isn't the idea. I've got to see him and talk to him before he makes up his mind. Well, why don't you call him up? Margaret, when it comes to business... Yes? You just don't understand. I... You don't call a man like Stockwell. You're introduced to him like the army. You go through channels. I've got to be recommended to him by someone he knows and trusts. Well... Gribble's been promising to do it for a month. They're very good friends. They play golf together all the time. I... Just a minute, dear. Jim, I don't understand. Why can't Mr. Gribble still do it? Because he's out of town. He won't be back until tomorrow. And that's too late. Well, I'm sure you can think of something if it's important. Important? A contract for building insurance on 200 houses? How important can a thing be? Go ahead, Kathy. We're listening. Yes, Mommy. I am carrot. I contain vitamin A. Margaret, how do you expect me to figure this out with you? There. I think the costume's all finished. What did you say, dear? I... Never mind. How do you like it, Kathy? Is that supposed to be a carrot? Maybe if I call Henry Liggett. Let's try it on, dear. Of course it does. Doesn't it, Jim? I've done lots of things for Henry Liggett. Patty Davis has one just like that. And she's a squash. I know, Angel, but this was the only shade of muslin I could get. It's a child quiet. Kathy, hey, Mom. We're in the den, bud. When's dinner gonna be ready? I'm starving. Is dinner ready? I was just asking, Mom. I'll be right down. Kathy, will you please go into the... I don't want to be a squash. You aren't a squash.  Patty Davis. She's a carrot, too. She's a squash. Kathy, I think we've had quite enough of that. Kathy.  Bud, for Pete's sake, we're having enough trouble. Why don't you go back to the playroom and do what you were doing? But it's after six o'clock and I haven't... What's the matter with her? I'm not supposed to be a squash. Bud, tell Kathy the truth. Does that costume look like a squash? Heck no. There, you see, kitten? It looks like a pumpkin. Wasn't it supposed to? It's a carrot. That's a carrot. Kathy, if you don't stop wailing, you can't be in the play at all. You don't seem to realize how important this is. And you don't seem to realize that I am not a costume designer. I don't mean a costume. I mean stockwell. Mother, Bud said dinner was ready. No, I didn't. I said I was going to ask Mom. A hundred thousand dollars worth of insurance and we have to worry about Kathy looking like a pumpkin. Betty, does this look like a pumpkin to you? Oh, yes, it certainly does. It's supposed to be. It's supposed to be a carrot. Well, creepers, I'm not a mind reader. I thought it was a pumpkin. If only Gribble would come back. He could fix everything. Does he know how to make carrots? I wasn't talking about carrots. I'm going to spoil the whole planet. Mrs. Lindsay dumps the whole thing in our hands. Why doesn't she make the costume? Angel, I'm sure everyone will know you're a carrot.  Van Norton. Margaret, do you suppose he knows stockwell? I don't know, dear. Kathy... What if you put a coat hanger in the shoulders? If it's wider on the top, it'll look pointy on the bottom. I don't care how it looks. If I don't meet stockwell... Ma'am, please, this is getting ridiculous. This started out being ridiculous. I've got a chance to sell $100,000 worth of insurance. Wait a minute. I've got it. Your father? But I've got it. We can paint green spots all over her. What? Then she can go as carrots and peas. Then she wouldn't have to dance and jump around and all that stuff. She could just sort of lay around in a plate. Kathy, please. I don't know. Other children want to be cowgirls or ballet dancers or movie stars, but not my daughter. She has to be a carrot. Mother, maybe if we put a hoop around the shoulder... There isn't anything wrong with it the way it is. It doesn't look right. I still say if you paint green spots on her... Betty, will you please answer the carrot? What? I don't... Oh, never mind. I'll do it myself. Get a man some mixed up. He doesn't know whether he's animal, mineral or vegetable. Hello? Hello, JP Gribble. Gribble? Well, it's Mr. Gribble, honey. Well, thank goodness. JP, you'll never know how happy I am. When did you get back? Just a little while ago. What are you so excited about? I've got a big favor to ask of you, JP. You see? Well, just a second, Jim, before I forget why I called. Look at the service club luncheon three weeks ago. Oh, sure. But you see, I have a... You wouldn't happen to know how... Oh, I've got his address somewhere, but I'd like to tell you about... All right, JP. Just hang on. I'll be right back. Practically life or death, and he calls it a little matter. Of course he can. I'm sorry, kitten, but I can't stop to talk to you now. Nobody cares if I look like a carrot. Nobody cares about anything. I haven't time now, dear. I've got to speak to Mr. Gribble. But he said... Becky, please. Hello, JP. Yes, Jim. I have all the information for you. Oh, God. His name is Paul Roberts, and you can reach him at Box 907, Central Station, Middletown. Box 907. Central Station, Middletown. Oh, thank you, Jim. You've been a great help. That's all right, JP. I was just wondering... How about that? You see, it's been moved up to tomorrow, and I thought... Jim? JP, I... I don't know how to thank you. Oh, don't even... Yes, we do. See you. See you in a little while. Well, everybody's wonderful. Lucky for Father's peace of mind that he doesn't realize what Mr. Gribble was talking about. But ladies, more often than not, the head of the house does know what it's all about.  You see, your husband is the world's greatest coffee expert. Of course, people call us experts, too, because more families buy Maxwell House coffee than any other brand. But when you make the coffee and fill the cups, your husband is the only expert you care about. And tomorrow, if you'll pour him a steaming, fragrant cup of our Maxwell House, we're mighty sure he'll smile with pure pleasure and say, Now, that's coffee at its best. We're so sure he'll say that.  The truth is, no other coffee has that same hearty good to the last drop flavor. The reason is our recipe. A very special recipe that demands certain choice coffees blended just so. And only Maxwell House has that recipe. That's why no coffee tastes like Maxwell House, since no coffee is made like Maxwell House. Serve our Maxwell House to your husband tomorrow. And if he doesn't say best coffee ever, then simply send us the can and unused portion and we'll cheerfully refund your money. Our address is right on every familiar blue tin. Yes, tomorrow, find out how much the world's greatest coffee expert enjoys Maxwell House coffee. Always good to the last drop. Happiness, according to DeMaurier, is like time and space. We make and measure it ourselves. It is a fancy, as big as little as you please. Just a thing of contrasts and comparisons. Well, that's the way it is with the Andersons. The dinner hour is past, and happiness floats around the living room on wings of shimmering song, like this. We're a salad, can't you see? Full of vitamin ABC. Daddy! Let this radishes carry you. Just a minute, Betty. What's the matter now, Cathy? Betty's the onion and she isn't singing.  No, Betty, when you were rehearsing for your play, Cathy helped you. She didn't help me do anything. Why do I have to?  Cut seat to it that you sing like one. Holy cow. Betty? Do I have to? That's right.  Jumping creepers. Isn't this fun, Daddy? It certainly is, kitten. All right, Betty, let's go. The things I have to do. Ha, ha, ha, you and me. Vegetable salad I love to be. Makes us up and turn us round. We're better in your tummy than in the crowd.  She did? She certainly did. Well, I could have sworn it had a Noel Coward touch.  But he isn't dead. No? No. Well, a thing like that could kill him. It's beautiful. Well, how are all the little vegetables getting along? Mommy, did you hear it? Yes, dear, I'm afraid I did.  Did we sound like a salad? Exactly. With rope for dressing. What? It isn't important. We better do the next verse, daddy. It's getting late. All right. We'll dedicate this one to your mother. Mother, you don't want to hear it, do you? Please? If you don't mind, I think it would be very nice. Let's go, Betty. My own mother. It isn't that bad, dear. How bad does it have to be? Never mind, bud. Verse two. Briefers. Onions, raisins, croons and such. Salads can't contain too much. We have minerals for your bones. And we taste better than ice cream cones. Ha, ha, ha, you and me. Vegetables, salad, I love thee. Mix us up and turn us from We're better in your tummy than in the ground. Lovely. Margaret, let's not overdo it. Well, I just, it was very nice. Thousands of kids in Springfield and she has to be a carrot. Well, now that that's all taken care of. Oh, we haven't finished. I have. Just a minute, bud. Kathy, you mean there's more? There are 14 verses. I think I'll go downstairs and take a look at the furnace. I just fixed it, dad. Well, I'd better go turn off the light in the playroom. I turned it off. I see. Have you shaved tonight? Shaved? Gosh, no. All right. I think I'll go upstairs and shave. Jim, if it's only 14 verses. I'm not going through 14 verses of that. Well, I'm not going to. But dear, if Kathy needs you. Margaret, there's no reason why you can't be ahead of Lettuce, is there? Jim, I can't possibly. Lettuce is a boy's part. Kathy. And mommy doesn't sound like Lettuce. Well, this is Lettuce whose voice hasn't changed. Kathy, don't start that again. I sang two verses and two choruses of that miserable. Jim. Of that beautiful song. She thinks I'm going to sing one more word. Mother, why do we all have to suffer? Well, I thought you were having fun. Oh, mom, please. Well, weren't you? No. Kathy, I'm afraid you're outnumbered. Gee whiz. Now, does anybody mind if I do something I want to do? Gribble. Mr. Gribble. Want me to see you? Never mind, but I'll get it. I'll open the door for him, dad. Kathy, I'm perfectly capable of opening a door. Angel, please. Don't annoy Mr. Gribble. But he said he was coming over to... JP. Well, we finally made it. There you are, Kathy. What do you think of that? Mr. Gribble. JP.  Oh, it isn't anything, sweetheart. Kathy, I've got to talk to Mr. Gribble about... Mommy, Mr. Gribble brought... JP, would you mind telling me... Hello, Margaret, how are you tonight? Hello, Mr. Gribble. I was just telling the children. Mr. Gribble. Kathy told me about her little problem and I... Well, they sort of take care of it, don't you think? Hey, Betty, where do you see this? What is this? JP, I... I don't bother thanking me, Jim. I wasn't trying to thank you. I mean... Jim. I know what he means, Margaret. My children are all grown up, but I went through the same thing myself. Kathy, take that carrot out of here. Oh, just a minute, sweetheart. This is a very interesting thing, Jim. I'm sure it is. We had an agricultural exhibit at the factory a few months ago, and they brought in a dozen of these giant replicas. Paper mache, you know. Onions, radishes, carrots, all sorts of vegetables. How wonderful. And, Kathy, take that thing... Well, when it was all over, VO, that's my assistant, you know, he always said to me, what do we do with all this stuff, JP? JP? I said to him, put them in the basement, VO. That's what I said. You never can tell when you'll need a thing like that. Wasn't that thoughtful, Jim. Oh, yes. Yes, sir. Waste not want not. That's my motto. Mr. Gribble, I think you're wonderful. Well, we won't argue about it, will we? Oh, if any of your little friends need a costume, the rest of the junk... The other vegetables are on the porch. Mr. Gribble! Kathy, but... I might hear, Dad. Oh, give Kathy a hand with this, will you? Okay. Will you excuse us, Mr. Gribble? Of course, my dear. Thank you, Bill. That's quite all right, sweetheart. We can cut holes for the arms and legs and one for a face. Come along, Betty. Well, wonderful thing, children, aren't they? Uh, yes. About that other little thing, JP. What other little thing? What? I said, what other little thing? The introduction. What introduction? Jim, you aren't making sense. JP, you didn't forget. I didn't forget what? About Stockwell. Stockwell? Now, see here, Jim. But you said you were going to introduce me, didn't you? To Stockwell, that crook? Crook? I wouldn't introduce my worst enemy to that... that stroke-stealer. Oh, no. You know what he did? Beat me four rounds in a row and then had the nerve. The nerve, mind you, to come up with a handicap of 24. JP... Bribed a handicap committee. That's what he did. Bribed them. 24. Well, that's... that's like getting a license to steal. JP, if you'll only listen to me. Jim, my boy, you're better off without people like that far better off. JP, I've only got until noon tomorrow. Stockwell, he's a 12-handicap man if I ever saw one. Maybe 10. But if you'll only listen to me... Well, I've got to be running along, Jim. Will you say goodnight to Margaret for me? JP, let me tell you one thing. 24. Most outrageous thing I've ever heard of in my entire life. That's what it is. JP! Outrageous! I don't know. Jim, we want to show Mr. Gribble... Why, Jim, what happened? He's gone, honey. And so is my deal with Stockwell. Well, don't be so upset about it, dear. There'll be other deals. But this one was right in my hip pocket. All I had to do was meet the man. Let's go into the living room and sit down. I wouldn't care if it weren't something I could handle. But I can give him better service than anybody in Springfield. Of course you can, dear. What am I going to tell Buckley? A big deal like this and it slips right through my fingers. Bud? All right. All right, dear. Jim, isn't there someone else you can call? Who? I don't know. But how about that friend of Henry Liggetts? You know the one we met at the Van Norton's? He's in the construction business. But I hardly know the man. How can I ask him to introduce me to somebody else? Daddy! Not now, Angel. We're very busy. But Billy's father wants to talk to Daddy. Who's Billy? He's the radish. Margaret. I'll take care of it, dear. Kathy, Daddy doesn't have any time tonight. Suppose I talk to him. How'll that be? Well, he asked for Daddy, but... Would you mind speaking to my mother, Mr. Stockwell? Who? Daddy, what's the matter? Mr. Stockwell! I'll be with you in two seconds, Mr. Stockwell. Just as soon as I can... Well... Mr. Stockwell. Mr. Anderson, I hate to impose on you like this. You wouldn't be Brian Stockwell by any chance, would you? Yes. But you see... Mr. Stockwell. Oh, I've probably got a lot of nerve. But you see, my son is supposed to be a radish. He said that your daughter was going to have a wonderful carrot costume, and he's been driving me crazy all night. I see. We don't know anything about making costumes. And if you or your wife could help me make Billy look like a radish... Mr. Stockwell. Why don't you leave everything to me? You mean you'll take care of it? We'll make your son look so much like a radish, he won't feel happy outside of a salad bowl. Mr. Anderson, I don't know how to thank you. Uh, why don't we go into my den and talk it over? You don't know how grateful I am. Wait a minute, we won't be able to go into the den. The children are working on Kathy's costume. Let's go into the living room. Ah, you'll lead quite a life with children, don't you? Children. Aren't they wonderful? What is it that makes a cup of coffee worth cheering about? Why, nothing in the world but flavor. So when you buy coffee, make sure you get the most in flavor for your money. And that's no trick if you remember that there's one coffee famous above all others for flavor, our Maxwell House coffee. Tomorrow then take home that familiar blue tin with the big white cup and drop. Fill your husband's cup, and you'll see the world's greatest coffee expert smile happily and say, best coffee ever. And for value, just count all the delightfully satisfying cups of truly good coffee you get from each pound of Maxwell House. Yes, next time you buy coffee, get the most in value, the most in flavor, the most in real coffee enjoyment. Choose Maxwell House coffee. Always good to the last drop. It's sometime later in the white frame house on Maple Street and everything is quiet and under control. Happiness once more reigns supreme. And so does Mrs. Lindsay's masterpiece. Ha ha ha, you and me. Vegetable sour and I love thee. Mix us up and turn us round. We're better in your tummy than in the ground. Father, I don't think I can stand any more of this. Of course you can. It's fun, isn't it, bud? Don't ask me. I'm unconscious. It's fun, Daddy. Good. Now, are we ready for verse 12? Oh, no. All right, Betty. Holy cow.  We will make you good and strong. So join us in our happy song. Ha ha ha, you and me. Vegetable salad. Hurry, hurry, hurry. Step right up today for brand new crinkles. Candy-kissed rice, it's twice as nice. Crinkles, the sensational new sugar-coated rice cereal. Yes, sir, the whole family will have a circus eating crinkles because candy-kissed rice is twice as nice. Just add milk or cream and eat. No sugar needed. Crinkles are the quick energy treat for snack time, too. Crinkles, the newest post cereal. Get candy-kissed rice crinkles today at your grocer. Hurry, hurry, hurry, hurry, hurry. Join us again next week when we'll be back with Father Knows Best, starring Robert Young as Jim Anderson with Roy Bargy and the Maxwell House Orchestra. In our cast for Norma Jean-Nilson as Kathy, June Whitley, Rhoda Williams, Ted Donaldson, Ed Begley, Olin Soule, and yours truly, Bill Foreman. So until next Thursday, good night and good luck from the makers of Maxwell House, America's favorite brand of coffee. Always good to the last drop. Father Knows Best was transcribed in Hollywood and written by Ed Jane. Now stay tuned in for Dragnet, which follows immediately over most of these stations. Your police force goes into action. It's Dragnet, next on NBC.


So, earlier we had Alice set up a RSA system with public modulus N equal 21,829, and public encryption key E equals 37. What's important is she tells no one that our factorization of 21,829 is 83 times 263, and that our decryption key is 11,613. And so this means that she can decrypt a message C by evaluating C raised to power 11,613 mod 21,829. However, this takes a lot of computational power. Is there any way we can improve the efficiency? And in fact there is. The standard approach to improving the efficiency relies on the Chinese remainder theorem. And one version of that is that suppose P and Q are relatively prime, then X is congruent to A mod their product PQ if and only if X is congruent to A mod P, X is congruent to A mod Q. Since she knows the factorization of N, she can use this to speed the decryption process. So, let's see how that works. So Bob sends Alice A message, and he encrypts this message as C equals 17,639. So since Alice knows the decryption exponent, she can decrypt it by finding 17,639 to power 11,613. But Alice knows the factorization of the modulus. So she can apply the Chinese remainder theorem, and she can solve the system of congruences M equals 17,639 to power 11,613 mod 83 and M congruent to 17,639 to power 11,613 mod 263. Now you might look at that and say we haven't actually made this problem any easier. I mean before we only had to calculate 17,639 to power 11,613 once to take the answer mod 21,819. Now we have to do it twice. But the important thing here is that remember, working mod N means you can always work with numbers less than N. So we don't have to work with these big numbers, we can work with much smaller numbers. So let's take a closer look at that first congruent, M congruent to 17,639 to power 11,613 mod 83. So the first thing we note is that 17,639 is congruent to 43 mod 83. So we don't have to work with this big number, we can work with a much smaller number, 43. The other thing to remember is that if long as A and N are relatively prime, A to power phi of N is congruent to 1 mod N. And what this means is that we can reduce this exponent mod phi of N. Now since 83 actually is prime, phi of 83 is 82, and so our exponent 11,613 can be reduced mod phi of 83 to 51. And now we just need to evaluate 43 to power 51 mod 83, and that works out to be 58. And so this first horrifying congruence becomes the much easier congruence, M congruent to 58 mod 83. And by the same logic, this second congruence, well the base, is congruent to 18 mod 263. Again 263 is prime, so phi of 263 is 262, and our exponent is going to be congruent to 85 mod phi of 263. And so this horrifying expression, the base gets reduced to 18, the exponent gets reduced to 85, and we can calculate this much more easily as 44 mod 263. Now we solve the congruence. For reasons that will become apparent in a second, we'll actually want to start with the congruence with the larger modulus. So from M congruent to 44 mod 263, we know that M is a multiple of 263 plus 44. Now we drop that into the second congruence, M congruent to 58 mod 83. And here we see the advantage of starting with the larger congruence. This coefficient of X is larger than the modulus, so we can reduce this equation. And then we can reduce our equation to 14X congruent to 14 mod 83. And after giving this a tremendous amount of thought, we find that we have solution X equal to 1. It won't always be this easy, sometimes we'll need to find the multiplicative inverse, but in general we have to solve this linear congruence at the end. Now we found X equals 1, so we know that M is 263 times 1 plus 44, or 307.


Dear students, in this topic we shall discuss the feedback mechanisms and feedback loops. A feedback mechanism connects the response to the initial stimulus through a feedback loop or circuit. Feedback loops are characteristic of controlled pathways of hormones. Through these loops, secretion of hormone is regulated. The feedback loops may follow positive or negative pathways. The negative feedback loops are shown by the secretory activities of many hormones mostly involved in homeostasis. In negative feedback, the secretory activity is modulated by the negative feedback of the hormone itself or its byproducts. The hormone or any of its product tends to suppress its further release. This mechanism of negative feedback ensures a proper level of hormonal activity at the target tissue and prevents its overactivity. Dear students, the negative feedback may cause regulation of hormone at any level. For example, the synthesis of hormone may be stopped by controlling the gene transcription and translation steps. As a result, hormone synthesis will not occur. It may also be regulated at the level of activation of hormone, which may be blocked. The third level is that the hormone is active but its release is stopped or inhibited. So negative feedbacks can occur at all or any of these levels. Dear students, the negative feedback involves either a short loop or a long loop. In the short loop, hormone or its byproduct acts back directly on the secreting endocrine tissue, thereby inhibiting its own release. The long loop feedbacks also follow the same principle of negative feedback but here more than one endocrine gland and more than one hormone are involved. Dear students, now we shall discuss the positive feedback. In positive feedback, the secretion of hormone is directly or indirectly involved in increasing its own secretion. This positive feedback happens when an extremely rapid or strong action is required. Moreover, most hormonal pathways follow positive feedback during the initial stages of response. Dear students, let us take an example of positive feedback which is shown by the increased level of leutinizing hormone before ovulation. The level of leutinizing hormone increases due to the stimulatory effect of increased levels of astrogens on anterior pituitary. The positive feedback is ultimately countered by a negative feedback that ends with a negative feedback that ends the rapid increase. For example, when leutinizing hormone reaches a certain level, typical negative feedback control is exerted which lowers the leutinizing hormone and astrogen concentrations.