Hello, this video is part of a series before to check, be sure to check out all the previous videos and any other videos in this series by checking out the playlist. There should be a link in the description of this video. And today we're going to be passing variables to our functions in bash in our link shell. So last video we started and we created a script called func.sh and it has a simple function which should have this. So now if I run this after saving it, it has already been made executable in the previous video, you can see we have a little header with the date and time and then the messages displayed below it. We're using that function for the header there. But we can shorten up our script by passing it some variables. So what we're going to do here is put our echo command, see we're using the echo command and the sleep command over and over again which means they can also be put into our function. But there is a difference, we do have different text and the sleep function has to come after our echo. So let's go ahead and do this. What we're going to do is if you remember our video, a few videos ago where we passed arguments to our script itself, passing arguments to the function are the same way. So I'm going to say echo dollar sign one would be the first argument and then I can say sleep for two seconds after that. So now what I'm going to do is I'm just going to go like so and I'm removing the echo command from here because we've placed it inside our function and I can also remove these sleep commands. So if I typed everything correctly, I should be able to run this script and get the same output and we just shortened our script by six lines. Now let's say we want to have a different amount of sleep between each function. We can use that as an argument as well. I can go like this and say pass it argument two and here we can say argument two is well this one will be two seconds, this one will wait five seconds and this one will wait only one second. So now I can run that same script and this time it waits two seconds, text changes, it's going to wait five seconds before changing this time and then one second and exit. So we're passing arguments just like we did in the previous video of passing arguments to our script. We pass them to our functions the same way. So spaces, each space indicates a new argument unless you put quotation marks around it which indicates this is a single argument we are passing and is the first argument and again zero would be the function that you're calling. So we have shortened our script even more thanks to functions and being able to pass it different arguments. So thank you for watching. I hope you enjoyed this. We're going to do a little bit more with functions and variables determining local and global variables in our next video. So I thank you for watching. Be sure to check out that video by checking out the playlist again in the description of this video and if you enjoyed it think about becoming a supporter at patreon.com forward slash metal X 1000 even a dollar a month is very appreciated. And if you can't support financially think about supporting by liking, sharing, subscribing and commenting on this video. I thank you for watching and I hope that you have a great day.


Hello, I'm Julie Smith. I'm director of the European Centre in the Polish Department here at Cambridge and a member of the House of Lords. One of the things that bothers me about the whole referendum so far is that the debate on both sides has been somewhat ill-informed, ill-tempered and seems to be based on assertion rather than fact. Older members of the public have been saying, we want the facts and when we hear people suggesting there is information, the other side simply rubbishes it. And I think this has been to the severe detriment of open, effective debate in the UK and in the next 10 days I would really like that to change. I think we need to be much more open about how the European Union works and the implications of leaving for ordinary citizens. In particular it's very easy for critics to say the EU is undemocratic. It doesn't work properly. Well, how far is it undemocratic? There is an elected European Parliament. The United Kingdom has 71 members of that European Parliament all elected on the basis of proportional representation. Compare that with the House of Commons, which is not elected by proportional representation. The government of this country was elected by 24% of eligible voters. Doesn't necessarily sound like a majority. And the House of Lords in which I sit isn't elected at all. The only elected members are 90 hereditary peers. So for believers to stand up in the House of Lords as some of them do and say, the EU is not democratic, I think they should look to their own chamber first. So the European Parliament is elected, but also the other legislative body in the European Union is the Council of Ministers and every member state is represented there as well. So British ministers go and they have a seat at the table and they can vote. So again there is a democratic element and a representative element. The UK isn't ignored, we have a seat at the table. And that's true in all the EU institutions. So the European Union does have democratic elements and it does give the opportunity for the United Kingdom to be represented. If we walked away, if we voted to leave, formally we could regain sovereignty as the leavers say. But in practice that would make the United Kingdom less influential. We would still have to abide by the rules of the European Union if we want to export to it. If we wanted to be part of the internal market or the single market as some people are advocating, then we'd still have to abide by free movement of goods, capital, services and in particular people. Which is exactly what the leavers are concerned about. And even if we did that, we wouldn't have any influence over the decisions. At the moment we have a seat at all those tables, if we left, we wouldn't have that voice at all. One of the issues that so often hits the headlines in the UK is the European Commission. Often seen as an unelected bureaucracy and vilified as such. It does have a significant role in the European Union. But it doesn't have the right to make ultimate decisions. So the European Commission in many ways is a civil service. Yes it proposes legislation but it's the European Parliament and the council of ministers that decide on the legislation. So it's the equivalent of Whitehall putting proposals that are then agreed by Parliament. And the European Commission has commissioners one representing each member state. There is a president of the commission at the moment Jean-Claude Juncker. But each member state is able to nominate its commissioner. And at the moment the UK commissioner responsible for financial services is Jonathan Hill. Who used to be leader of the House of Lords. The main work of the commission is essentially that of a civil service. It's a relatively small civil service. It's often seen as a huge bloated bureaucracy. But in practice it's an organisation about the same size as Leeds City Council. So we shouldn't over exaggerate how big it is or the role that it plays. The important thing is it proposes legislation and then the democratic bodies of the European Union, the Parliament and the council of ministers make the decisions. So the commission does have an important role in setting the agenda. It does look at how European legislation works and can work. But it also consults, takes advice and isn't able to force the United Kingdom or any other member state to do things. More recently the European Court of Justice has come in the firing line. And there's a sense for some of those who are concerned about the European Union to think that the role of courts has become too important. We're used in the United Kingdom to talk about sovereignty and parliamentary sovereignty. And to put most of our emphasis on the role of Westminster, particularly the House of Commons and the primacy of the House of Commons. But ever since we joined the common market back in the 1970s, there has been the principle that European law is supreme over national law. Not everywhere, not in every policy area. It doesn't tell us whether we can have tax credits or not. But in areas where the European Union has competence, areas like environmental policy, then EU law does Trump national law. But that was something we signed up to. Some things that the UK and the Westminster Parliament has agreed to over the years. It's not a question of the Court of Justice coming in and telling us what to do. It's certainly not a court usurping rights from the United Kingdom or any other sovereign member state. So I think sometimes the role of the Court of Justice is exaggerated. It does play a role. But very often that role is one that actually supports what the United Kingdom is doing. So we need to be a little bit careful if you start criticising institutions and want to disempower them. Be careful what you wish for. Because you may find that actually some of the rulings were in our interest rather more than they were in the interests of the European Commission or some amorphous thing called Brussels.


When was the last time you had fish? I don't remember. You don't remember? When was the last time you had lobster? Never. Never? You've never had lobster everywhere? It's not for Cubans. It's not for Cubans. It's for tourists. Rampard's inflation, communism and a struggling economy. A dystopian combination for such a picturesque location. I'm in Cuba, a Caribbean island known for its cigars, rum, music and fun. As well as getting stuck in huge conflicts between international superpowers. It's also the most fertile ground for Bitcoin adoption that I've ever seen. My name's Joe Hall and I'm a reporter for Cointelegraph. Joining me on this trip is going to be this guy. Pako de la India. We flew to Cuba to investigate the growing Bitcoin community I'd read about in the book Check Your Financial Privilege by Alex Gladstein, the CSO of the Human Rights Foundation. Plus, I wanted to attend Cuba's first ever Bitcoin meet-up. But before we get there, there's one more thing Cuba is famous for. Nuclear Armageddon. Yeah, you heard that right. The Cuban Missile Crisis occurred in 1962 during the Cold War, just one year after Cuba became a communist country. Thankfully, that crisis was averted, otherwise we wouldn't be here, but the communist state of Cuba endured. Even today, the Cuban economy is centrally planned, which means it's run by the government. This is Cuba. Let's go on a Bitcoin adventure. Welcome to Cuba. The airport is so old, man. No, it's all red. It's like Marxism. I'm so scared. They stopped me for like 15, 20 minutes. To every checkpoint he got stops, I sailed through. Pako went into a separate line, was quizzed by other people. What were they saying? He's like, what do you do here? Why are you here? And I'm like, I make videos. He's like, on what? I'm like, Bitcoin. He's like, so you give advice on Bitcoin? I'm like, no, I make travel videos. And then he was like, show me. I'm like, here, I don't have internet. He's like, even I don't have internet. True story, they didn't have internet. Welcome to the pitch piece. How old is Pako? Like, 30 something? I am 33. 33, okay. Yeah, so this cold is older than us. And yet he has a garment at the same time. And there's a lovely fake apple sticker, just to... Pako, have you got your seatbelt on? No, there's no seatbelts. They didn't think about safety back then. There's no seatbelts.  There's no seatbelts. There was no danger in the 50s. Wow. Life is better, I think. Do you know Bitcoin? I guess I don't know Bitcoin. We are online in Cuba. Check the download speed. Apparently, we've got 0.06 Download 0.04 Upload Bitcoin doesn't need it to be any faster than that. So this will work for Lightning. This will work to pay for stuff. And this will work to send money places. We just linked up with two of these sort of louder voices in the Bitcoin community. We're going to go for dinner with them. A place that accepts Bitcoin. It's called El Cuarta de Dola. This is my friend here who doesn't want to reveal her identity. He's showing me how to buy Bitcoin. I'm here with telegram groups. What's up? What's up? What do you have? Please bro. I'm buying Sats 50 to 500 Mlc. I'm selling it. Yeah. Bye. It's just gonna... It's a coin. It's over. So, Cuban pesos. I'm going to the port. Okay. So now she's doing the transfer of Cuban pesos. I'm sending the money. I'm giving it to the order. It's called El Cuarta de Dola. It's called El Cuarta de Dola. Yeah. So that's how you buy Bitcoin peer to peer in Cuba. Telegram groups over lightning. It's almost zero feet or basically zero feet. It's one person. Pretty quick. And you just post it and share it on telegram groups. So the government doesn't know that they're sending Cuban pesos to each other for the purchase of satoshis.  It's so cool to see. It blew me away how much people are putting into Bitcoin here. How much they're educating themselves. How much they're realising they need it. And one of the girls we're talking to, she's putting pennies into Bitcoin.  You know, using all these digital tools to find a way to build for her own future. How phenomenal is that? Also, she says the groups are growing. There are more and more people interested in this technology. The other thing is they don't care about bull runs. They don't care about bull runs and bear markets because when the peso is so bad, Bitcoin can crash from its highs of 69,000 to 4,000 and it's still doing better than the Cuban peso does over time. I've never seen a use case as strong as Cuba for Bitcoin adoption. It's just absolutely wild. So this morning we've come to Mr Navi to sell a little bit of Bitcoin for some Cuban pesos to have some cash in hand. However, he's told us that it could take some time because we have to count out a lot of paper money. Yeah, you'd give wads of cash for like really small items.  I guess that's what happens when your currency is hyperinflating. And that's 1,000, that 1,000 is equal to five dollars. So there's 20 million. So 20 million, how much is that in dollars? 100 bucks. 100 bucks and it looks like that? Yeah, it's 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. 300. This is only 400 dollars. Look at all this paper. So it reads the invoice, 9% I say, yeah, sure. Yeah, you got it. So fast. Yeah, yeah. I really love Bitcoin. I really love it. This is something incredible. 400 dollars is the monthly salary of three or four professionals. I think you're an atomic engineer. Can we make one only dollar a month, something like that? Oh my God. And that's what it looks like. Well, the minimum salary is 2,500 pesos. 12 dollars. So the minimum salary is 12 US dollars a month. And the average salary is about 4,000 Cuban pesos, which is roughly 23 dollars per month. That is frightening. As my friend, Katria, explained, the average salary for a Cuban is peanuts. I have literally no idea how Cubans live off this amount of money. A study by Columbia Law School concluded that, despite the direct and indirect government subsidies, the cost of living in Cuba is completely disproportionate to workers' earned income. According to the study, a Cuban's average salary covers just 12.5% of their living expenses. But as Katria explains, Cuban salaries are lower still and they cover something in the order of 3% to 8% of projected living expenses. I'm going to try to explain to you what is going on with the money here. You're familiar with an American dollar. So two years ago, one of those was worth 25 Cuban pesos. Because the currency has devalued so much, nowadays, supposedly, it's worth 120 pesos. But the official rate and the rate that we pay is actually 200 pesos. Okay, 200 pesos. So we've gone from one dollar being worth 25 pesos to 200 pesos in just two years. It's devalued eight times. Four months later, and the peso has crashed even further. One dollar is now worth 250 pesos or 10 times less. I'm in danger. So I'm here with Vitalio, who's the other co-founder of the Cuban Bitcoin community. Vitalio was saying an interesting phrase earlier about how Bitcoin could be the salida or the exit. It's a currency that only has value within the Cuban borders. If I go out to another country, I can't acquire any good, no service with that currency. Bitcoin gives us that freedom of being able to cross that border. Without Bitcoin, we're locked up here. But already, Bitcoin, being a universal money, a money that doesn't know a border, that exit could help the Cuban family. It would help them a lot. The government controls the majority of the means of industrial production, agriculture, energy, manufacturing, telecoms, banking, telecommunications. You name the industry, it's likely they control it. Price-controlled goods can be bought in these places called kiendas, or shops, a network of government-run stores. However, in these government-run stores, they accept the MLC. Whereas if you have pesos, you can expect queues and worse quality products. To find out more about the MLC, which sounded a lot like a CBDC or a central bank digital currency, I reached out to Eric Garcia Cruz, the founder of Cuba Pay and Bitremesas. He has been a little critical of the regime of late and is now on Cuban-humanitarian parole in the US. What is the MLC? Spanish is moneda libremente convertible. It's a shitcoin that is big with dollars. It sounds like USD.  And you can use that cheap con only in the stores to buy food. This is the MLC card. So basically you're spending dollars. In reality, it's spending MLC, which is what the government tells you is dollars. The government issuing MLC in return for USD is a way of the government collecting or stacking or saving USD. There is a reason for that because the government, the only way they have to trade with some country is using fiat physically, using the dollar bills and not using a digital transaction like any other country could do. Cubans are also given a predetermined amount of subsidized food on a monthly basis. There are often shortages for Cubans of basic food stuff that you probably ate today. When was the last time you had fish? I don't remember. You don't remember? When was the last time you had lobster? Never. You've never had lobster everywhere? It's not for Cubans. It's for tourists. Yes, for tourists. At any point in Cuba, you're always 30 miles or 50 miles I think from the coastline. And yet this is the first time my friend is eating lobster. How cool is that? But also how sad is that? Chicken, eggs and milk. But if you asked my friends here the last time they had some eggs... And a glass of milk? For a while. For a while? Just think about how easy it is to get a glass of milk in whichever country you're in right now. While these price controls help maintain affordability for essential goods, they also create distortions in the market, leading to shortages, black market activity and incentives for production and investment. Meet Julian, my new Cuban-American friend who's one of the lucky few able to set up a business in Cuba. Following a series of protests in August 2021, the Communist government of Cuba relaxed laws allowing the creation of small and medium-sized businesses. While it might seem like a step forward for Cuba, there was also a lot of red tape and bureaucracy standing in the way of creating a business. But for my mate Julian, it was easier thanks to being born in the U.S. to Cuban parents. So Julian and his dad run a tourism business as well as Mr Navi's, a bar and restaurant that sells goods that's hard to get your hands on in Cuba.  You're paying pesos but you can't accept Bitcoin? Yeah, you can pay in pesos but we can also accept Bitcoin as well. Dude, let me just say this. $1 is 200 pesos. $1 is 200 pesos. That is 25 cents. Yep. Miami people, South Beach. What are you doing to us? I paid $6 for a bottle of water. We make our own snacks as well. Our own coffee, our own chocolate powder for your milk. And why do you make it all yourselves? We make it because it's somewhat difficult in order to reach people, like the Cuban people, there's not like a supermarket here. In Cuba, there is no Walmart, McDonald's or Big Chains. And you can absolutely forget your Starbucks ventilate. And that's what we're trying to have here. We're trying to make a supermarket here for the Cuban people. And that's what we don't charge in dollars, we charge in pesos so that the Cuban people could afford it. Pesos or satoshis, right? Or satoshis, yeah, yeah. That's it. So this is five cigars. We have two portugas and three Romeo and Juliet church ratios. These ones are nice. Thanks so much. I've been doing documentary about Cuba without buying some Cuban cigars with Bitcoin. This is probably one of the coolest purchases I've ever made. Let's go. It's almost like being Cuban is risky. Why don't you use exchanges, crypto exchanges, in Cuba? Many people put the limitation that because you're Cuban, you can't enter. Binance, Coinbase, a lot. Simply because you're Cuban, having a Cuban passport in Cuba, we're blocked. The economic, commercial and financial embargo. Let's see, this is blocked by IP. But if you enter using a VPN, if you disconnect the VPN and see that your IP was Cuban, you're blocked on the account, even if you already found it. If we choose to be in Bitcoin and be sovereign with our money, why are we going to give it to someone so they don't hate it? That's not the solution. Bitcoin was created so that each one would decide what to do with it. That could be an advantage because to use a lot of this service you have to do a KSC. However, in Cuba, since the start we're denied by DeFaul, we can never do KSC. So that's good for us. At least in terms of privacy it's better not to have our data there. It's kind of interesting that because you can't access exchanges you have to use Bitcoin and Lightning in a peer-to-peer way, to learn how to use it better, which means that you learn about custody, self-custody, how to use Bitcoin peer-to-peer. It's kind of cool in a way. There are no exchanges in Cuba as unfortunately it's very hard to register as a Cuban citizen due to the embargoes. However, Bitcoin finds a way with peer-to-peer transfers signal groups and in-person meet-ups. Bitcoin always finds a way. We're going to do a peer-to-peer trade using Telegram and the Lightning Network and Kateria is going to talk us through it because this is one of the things she shows Cubans how to do. I'm going to create an offer and Kateria is going to buy it off me. So, create a sell order. She's going to ask me how many. Selling sats for $20 $20? Let's do $20. Enter the payment method. Your offer has been published. That was done automatically. That's cool. Yeah, that's me. It's my offer. Wow. So just come through on mine saying hey, somebody wants to buy you $389 sats for $20. No, $20. So I'm going to copy that. I'm going to open it in a wallet and then I'm going to send. So sending, sending, sending. Yeah. It's already got there. I guess it's Lightning, right? Oh, thank you. There you go. I can tap on release sending your sats and gone through. Yeah! A growing number of private bars and restaurants in Cuba accept Bitcoin. We visited five of them in the capital spending satoshis for mojitos, frijoles and Cuban sandwiches. I asked the owners why they choose to accept Bitcoin. Why do you accept Bitcoin here? We started accepting as another way to accept money with the problem that we have in Cuba. Economic problems that we have with a lot of different currency. You are accepting Bitcoin because you are dealing with a private coin. Transactions, you do it and you have the freedom to do whatever you want with that. The CD, and I realized that I can keep my capital and I started to buy some Bitcoin. What I loved most about Bitcoin is the freedom you have with your money. I can go wherever I want and have my money. So I said, I'm going to start my business and try to include Bitcoin in my business. So I was speaking to my friend here that you are a private organization and you accept crypto.  There is no law that prohibits you from accepting crypto. What does that mean if you are on your own? That means the government doesn't interfere into it. That's the positive thing.  It's safer. It's an opportunity to connect to the world and to have a currency that actually means something to people in any part of the world. There is a big problem for all the businesses in Cuba and the problem is how do you pay to your providers? You can't pay to your providers with CUP or MLC. So the suppliers you are talking about here are foreign suppliers, presumably in the US or Mexico. I am orange-pilling those suppliers. I am very excited for Saturday which is going to be Cuba's first ever Bitcoin only meet-up on the island and it's going to be where people like Gadre and Forte come together to discuss how to use Bitcoin on a daily basis and how to avoid this financial apocalypse which is affecting Cubans all over the country. It's really heartening actually so it's cool to see. In the morning we ordered a taxi today using Cuba's version of Uber which is another sign that Cuba is opening up. It pretty much works like Uber but with some slight Cuban differences. You can technically order one of these on La Nave but again, this didn't exist three years ago. It's wild how fast it's changing here. You walk into the meet-up and there are just people setting people sat people learning how to use the telegram group people generally asking questions about Bitcoin and it's men, women, children elderly people, young people it's not like the Bitcoin meet-ups in countries in Europe for example where it tends to be a lot of white middle aged men talking about the fall of the death of fiat currencies. It's a happy vibe and it's optimistic hopeful and just very fun really. I'm saving Bitcoin for my own retirement I'm self-administration of my retirement fund. How old are you? 24 and you're saving for your retirement at 24 with Bitcoin? Yeah I can do it in Cuban pesos USD$ all that is kind of cheap so I have to use Bitcoin. Wow. Bitcoin is a free and free world and you can interact with the world with a more free world. Bitcoin, since it started in Cuba it's easier to access the internet and I use it to trade. If I could get to more people like we're trying to do with communities, I think people will know it and they won't abandon it. It allowed me to use services that I couldn't pay and it helped me with inflation The meet-up was the culmination of months of hard work, stress and anxiety. Forte, Catria and Vitalion risked the scrutiny of the Cuban government to organize the event and to see such a wonderful positive response from the local community was a lot to bear. I think that when you really understand Bitcoin it's a little bit complicated to choose something else. I feel a little a little bit sad but I'm happy. We are about to get into a pink Cadillac as a little gift to the Cuban Bitcoin community organizers because they've never done it before and you know can't live in Cuba and not do this sort of thing. First time bro, first time for them. First time, first time. Wow. While using Bitcoin might not be illegal in Cuba using a drone definitely is. How was the meet-up? Very good. We loved it. We thought that there was almost no one but a lot of people and they liked it. Very exciting. Wonderful. We didn't think that people would have had so much acceptance and so much interest in the Bitcoin in Cuba and we hope they repeat it. There were a lot of people who didn't have coins there. And people were really happy. They just come there for food or drinks. They just came. They sat there to listen. So congratulations to another Bitcoin meet-up next month. And to getting home safely. Remember, don't start. And thanks to Cointelegra for this car. Cheers bro. As I look back on a week spent in Cuba I can't help but feel more optimistic and more joyous about the future of Bitcoin adoption in Cuba.  They could do that and they actually did that last year. During the protests they turned off the internet for over a week leading to blackouts and inability to communicate and to connect online. Bitcoin is of course digitally native currency. It lives on the internet. It's magic internet money. But even if it were to go offline or call it until the internet comes online again or they find a new way to access their internet. So yeah, the genie is out the bottle here. Bitcoin is here and Bitcoin is like a mushroom.  Turn the lights off whatever it will still grow. And I've never seen a country like this in all the countries I've used Bitcoin in which is so fertile and so ready to take Bitcoin and run with it. It's lightning native. It's peer to peer. It's easy to use a population that's educated higher than any other country I've seen in the world. Everyone here, the taxi drivers to the waiters, they all have degrees in engineering medicine lawyers, you name it. They are far superior educated to anyone you meet in the US or Europe. There's a bright orange future for Cuba and people are grabbing it and they're seizing it with their hands. That fills me with hope, fills me with optimism and this has been a really moving experience for me but I know that there's now Bitcoin as a salida, a Bitcoin as a way to resolve or to solve the problems that people face on a daily basis. A hyper-inflating currency, difficulties in transacting, difficulty in receiving remittance and difficulties in starting businesses. Bitcoin resolves and fixes all of these things in a smart, easy to use and digitally native way. That is a message of hope for Cubans. That is a message for the Cuba of the future. This has been Joe Hall reporting for Cointelegraph.


I'm trying, you are trying, I'm just doing some reading. What, four? Four. Four is four way to land in town. Smokey Loopsie, doesn't she? What? Like my set of open man poppins that you had here in London. What's his name? I want to say Dick Turpin, but I don't think that's your name. I thought it was a woman. Mary Poppins.  I think you're going to sit in my rucksack today, it's actually a bit like, I want to see the amount of potato I've got in there. I haven't had, I had my potato, one potato for one hour, but today for my second breakfast. I've got oats, like a hobbit. Those mothering fans out there, second breakfast. Yes, we're going down to London for some, I guess we're saving emotional work for their handstand. It's a world record challenge. So we're seeing Dave from G-T Sport and we're doing some filming with Demetra and Smokey Role Marines. The former Role Marines. Yeah, I'll be looking inside. Nice Tim, but Cheeky Dave is coming. Cheeky Sport they've been here to meet Tim and Jackal for the School of Calisthenics, about to learn me some handstands. But no one's here. Hey Dave! So we are in London. We've been filming a cheeky little handstand video for Cheeky Dave and he is from Cheeky Sport. Today is a few bits that we're going to teach you today. Oh my flippin' days! Oh my days! He's working towards coming to do the handstand world record with us and then we've stopped off at Tower Bridge in Harvey, in the suburb scene, trying to tease something up with Tim for some handstands and coffee. There's somebody standing there. Yeah, it was not a part of it, but... I've been there. Come on, it's just calisthenics. Lead us, Harvey. Lead us to Lans. I'm going to platform nine and three quarters. Kings Cross. It's London, Harvey. I'll take it out of you. You're not used to it. Fast pace, isn't it? It's the business life. Just three business guys doing the London thing. Young professionals. So we're on the hunt for photography perfect locations to take some pictures. Because Tim wants to show off.  That's Harvey to take a photo of him. Reluctantly, Harvey says, yeah. And I'm stood there waiting, doing a vlog. Ooh, I like this lighting, Harvey. You want to see this? You want to see what I'm picking up on here, Harvey? You're going to have a job soon, mate. You want to have a look at this? Hold on. Tim, could you do a hand sign on the top of there? Video. Have a beer, mate.


We're going to be looking at some applications of the impulse change of momentum relationship. Now according to that relationship, the impulse is equal to the change of momentum. As an example, suppose that I drop this brick to the table. Now in the collision, the brick underwent a change of momentum. That's its final momentum on its initial. The final momentum is what it has now when it has come to a stop. So that's zero. The initial momentum is what it had at the instant that it hit the table. And that depends upon how far I dropped it from. Now if I were to drop the brick on this cushion, its change of momentum would be the same as it were for the table because the brick comes to a stop. That's its final momentum, which is zero. And the initial momentum is what it had at the instant it hit. And if I drop from the same height, that's the same as it was for directly on the table. What is different in these two cases is the amount of time that the collision lasts. In the case of the cushion, you can see that the cushion depresses. You can see that the cushion compress and that takes more time than if I drop it directly on the table. So you can see what the purpose of a cushion is. That's the cushioning effect that you get is basically it's increasing the time that the collision lasts. When you walk across a carpeted floor, you have the same sort of a situation. For each step on the floor, you feel less forced than if you were to walk across a concrete floor, for example, because the duration of each collision is less.  That's essential if you want to protect your bones. Because by bending your knees, it makes that collision last a lot longer. And as a result of that, the force of the impact is less. If you didn't bend your knees, you'd do serious damage to your bones and to your joints. Now we can apply the impulse-momentum relationship to another situation where in fact we want to make the force as large as possible. When you pound a nail, you want greater force, not less force. When I drop the hammer on the head of the nail, the hammer undergoes a certain change of momentum while it's colliding. From whatever it had at the instant it hit to zero when it comes to a stop. So again, that side of the equation is fixed. So if I pound with the piece of wood on the table, my collision is going to last a lot shorter time than if I pound with my block of wood on the cushion. Obviously, you'd never try doing something like that. That makes the collision last too long, and so the force is going to be correspondingly small. If you always have a hard surface underneath it, that makes the collision last for a shorter period of time.


s You know hall of famers right out of the league or players out of the league really plus the old school guys, right? so You know, obviously division wise, you know, if you go look at the MLB divisions, you know If you think about old school people, you know, Yankees would division would be a battle to have they are the what um AL East were Baltimore's in there because you have like Jackson holiday Stuff like that, right? Tampa Bay has like junior common arrow stuff. So I think AL East is a solid one to have But the good thing about getting a division is that you're gonna get a crop of teams So every division actually has some good teams, you know and something like this So not a terrible one You know NL West could have a lot of Arizona Diamondback prospects in there, right with some Dodgers NL central could have Jackson shrew will Milwaukee, right the Cubs Cincinnati Eleanor Cruz for the NL central all the divisions are solid man to be honest It's just obviously Let's find out what hits in the division right because you can get the best division in the product But doesn't mean you're gonna hit right So don't worry. I'll I'll I'll stay out the hits Look at that right at the top too, man. How about this? So the little fielding glove Coulson Montgomery four out of five So again, this is a top prospect there for the Chicago White Sox That is a nice fielding glove and autograph to five Beautiful here right there and that's going to be Chicago White Sox which goes to the AL central going to Jason K Very nice one there, buddy We have Yuri Perez for the Miami Marlins Miami Marlins would be going to the NL East going to David We have a Time Madden for Detroit Detroit Tigers would be AL central Which is Jason K as well Jason K doing pretty well so far Look at this. Oh my god Sal Frillick so he's a top prospect there for the uh Milwaukee Brewers who are still available on the picker team if anybody's interested unless they sold Beautiful jumbo patch. That's a sleeve patch to 10 And uh, Jesus Um, Milwaukee goes to the NL central Which is going to William prime time That's yours, buddy. So that's one of their top prospect kids right there from Milwaukee Beautiful patch, man Then we got Jim Edmonds to 35 Uh also part of the NL central so that goes to you too as well, buddy And last but not least all but an Ozzie Guillen back when he was a player 22 out of 49 And I believe this is going to go to the AL central which is Jason K Yep, there you go, man Nice break for you, Jason Nice little boxer here jumbo fielding glove the ureteras the time madden and then look at that jumbo patch I gotta take a picture of that So appreciate you guys. I did post up another one boxer if you guys want to get it going jaspy's case breaks.com All right, well, well you only got one hit man, but you did get a nice one though I took a picture of that self for like We'll just help that guys took two more teams got the nationals and the brewers so That leaves us with the Mets and Rays guys last two teams. Can we sell it out straight up guys?  I feel like at this point we could just sell it out straight up Two left and honestly guys, these are two solid teams. Like I said, we've been seeing a lot of Mets The only other team that we haven't really seen much of is the Rays, but we have hit some Rays Just haven't hit like, you know junior common arrow guys, you know that bigger prospect Two left I wish I could make a deal prime time. I wish I could man It's just don't really do that here and then also too. We've been kind of selling them out On their own man, you know If I have to I'll put it in an R&B and it's only 17 bucks, but I do appreciate you grabbing those teams, man You know, I'm no disrespect or anything like that. It's just I can't really can't really give out deals here really I think the whole total cost of these boxes that we're selling them for Is like 550 per box on our picker teams Also, so like if you were to go potentially buy this Somewhere else potentially I'm not saying that pick your team prices are all the same, but Most people are selling these boxes for like 600 bucks a box Even as high as 650 so You know, we're like 50 dollars a box cheaper. So, you know, we're saving some people a little bit of money Just by buying with us, but Like I said, I'm still appreciating man. I just I just I wish I could do deals But hopefully my thing is that I get you some big hits. You don't even have to worry about the deals, you know And it's all worth it So two left guys So two teams left guys if we don't sell these two teams that next like 10 minutes or so guys I will put them in an r&b and we'll just sell them in an r&b for 17 bucks So last two teams here guys Mets and rays better Mets have been hitting pretty well in this case so far And then the rays were still looking for like a big junior common error guys Last two teams to get this break sold out guys Also do guys, I mean that makes sure can't go tonight after all anymore But just remember guys, we are literally just two fillers and two spots away And if we sell these two spots overnight I'm going to cancel the second filler and we don't have to do any more fillers And just got to sell three more spots straight up. So essentially we only need to sell Five straight up spots in one filler guys So I think that mixer is going to happen tomorrow guys and it's a beautiful mixer guys Beautiful mixer tons of different bowman draft years tons of different tops chrome sapphire Cosmic chrome museum collection three different years tops chrome delight Not the update, but the delight Museum like I said three different years tops chrome hta Bowman chrome hobby first edition inception leaf exotic It's a very very nice mixer guys And it also gives you three times the entries into the holiday promo So of course you guys can get that and get some chances of winning some back some pretty big prizes and some money back so Get that rolling guys All right, we'll sell it out guys nice raising meds He also grabbed the indianapolis colton prism number one So that prism that releases on wednesday guys not down to seven nice Nice. All right guys well, I mean If you guys wanted to sell it number six, I'll stay a little bit later and break it But we're at 15 left there, but I mean, I'm happy. We just got number five done I'll also most likely put up some more picker teams too. All right, let's get this All right guys, here we go. Whoa. Thanks for the fill everybody Let's see what we can find in this case here And like I said the next case number six and seven are on the website halfway there Most likely go done tomorrow unless you guys want to break another one today I'm stupid You remember how yesterday I was looking for the dan marino jersey. Yeah, but then he said mariano Yeah, he just takes me try and give away a 2022 ginter box. Okay. Okay. I went in the back I said we only have 2022 I know when I do, you know, it's funny the other day too I was like, hey, man, I can't find no bowman draft And it was like literally in front of me And he's like, yeah, it's right there. It's those green boxes in the locker and I'm all like, you know, I'm like Oh, yeah, this is blowing jobs.  All right, here we go guys What's up everybody jason from jazby's case break dot com We just sold out 2023 community national treasures baseball four box case break p yt number five guys And here we go nice little late night rally here for number five Will which is prime time got this going guys and got the last few teams and Sold it out guys. I appreciate guys. It was a great collective effort, man. Jason k got a couple teams late You know ed got the braves and steven kendrick got the giants You know and then we sold a handful more teams and got it done with prime time here So again, it's been a really fun product to read today guys super super fun But always wanting to get better and do more And uh, I'm glad we got this number five though So here we go guys really. Wow super thin box super thin We've even seen some massive boxes It's just shocking. Maybe there's a redemption on this section. That kind of would make sense Maybe a redemption somewhere in there All right, it's like there's been a lot All right, we got gill Hodges for brooklyn three out of 49 dodge is going to roi Noice. All right, then we got george rillard for cleveland to 49 cleveland for roger Roger roger Then we got a jeremy de la rosa for washington going to william prime time Little prospect there To 25 we got al lupus for brooklyn Dodgers That's another one there for roi. Then we got a mario solto for Cincinnati to 99 That's that field pass Very nice. Cincinnati reds went a dillon. Then we got a another mario solto To 49 this time is a sticker out of well back to back hits for the reds dillon We got for kansas city gaven cross To 49 Timothy with that one How about the 10 roberto alamar for the cleveland guardians going to roger Oh, what a nasty patch out of 25 ellie de la cruz 7 out of 25 three color patch and autograph Man, what a reds box dillon There you go, man Shoosh This is the box we're looking at Much much thicker here fatty box right here We got jumbo material signatures to 49 Nice toz bradley going to the Tampa Bay Rays Tampa Bay Rays that is going to william. That's last ball mojo as well Then we got a jacob berry for miami two color patch That is out of 10 Bones going to jason k and then tink hens for saint louis That's saint louis cardinals going to william Or these are all nice bigger prospects here We got a bob gibson for saint louis nice treasured stats. These are actually really nice looking cards 79 out of 99 Then we got a greg maddox 15 out of 25 chicago cubs edition cubs going to ryan h Then we got a chi bush for the uh Angels 52 out of 99 Angels going to kev Then we got a lesko lesko dillon lesko 10 99 San Diego Padres going to francis Let me have a field pass coming up Nice joe carter for toronto There you go We were going through the toronto blue jays checklist and that was not a bad hit there for 30 dollar team There you go. Shea with the blue jays Beautiful signature too We got eight out of 99. That is a ho yuli Fort philadelphia philly's going to william and last one here. How about the macho man? Out of 99 matataka yoshida That's gonna go to the red sox and john Two boxes down two more to go Legendary materials jimmy fox for the philadelphia a's i believe that should be philadelphia a's I want to double check though and if it is philadelphia a's that's going to go to the oakland a's which is shea If it's philly's it's going to go to the philly's and william bud. It's most likely philadelphia a's All right, so this is legendary materials Yes, so philadelphia athletics legendary materials booklet Yep, so this will show you guys So that goes to the oakland a's which is where they moved to after that So oakland with that one That goes to shea That's when they're at a at a 10 though too. All right. We got a burr blight leaven from minnesota To 25 Minnesota twins going to mat Got p rose for cincinati to 25 p rose cincinati reds went to dylan Then we got a matataka yoshida to 25 two-color patch Red sox with john We have a james wood colossal for washington That's another prospect there for the nationals going to william Then we got a rafael for a call for atlanta 94 out of 99 rafael for coal i remember when he was a doger atlanta going to ed Then we got for the yanks spencer jones 23 out of 25 All right a couple more to go All right, we got novelli martin. That's his username. It looks like at martin novelli Out of 99 i've gotten another hit for cincinati We have a redemption coming up and then we have a mason win eight out of 99 for st lewis Carnals going to william And hopefully that's who i hopefully it is who i think it is guys He actually has been a redemption in this product people have said So hopefully that's what i think it is we've been looking for him all day today guys rookie material signatures guys So rookie material signatures I forgot on the chart. It's just in case Here we go car number 105 105 There he is jackson chario Very nice. That's gonna go to the milwaukee brewers guys. We've been missing him all day first four cases no jackson chario's case number five was the winner and Prom time congrats, buddy. You got the brewers Supposed to be the real deal man So that should be out of 99. It looks like if it was a parallel it would have been a lot less but Out of 99 rookie material signatures There we go. Nice Last box here guys, finally we got jordan lawler to 10 Wow, look at that batch Disgusting patch in autograph That's for the arizona diamond bank is going to add Seven out of ten as well, man. Beautiful. Nice one right there Beautiful. I gotta take a picture of that disgusting Nasty All right, we got a retro seya suzuki for the chicago cubs. I'm gonna ryan nice three color patch and then diego cartea To 49 for the dodgers Dodgers is roi We have a itchero 15 or sorry two out of 51 little jersey numbers Seattle mariners that's going to roi And we got a pretty plate one-on-one Cam collier what a break for the reds Cincinnati reds going to dillon And the reds have just been raking throughout the whole case We got ricky titan clutch factor autographs to 99 That's going to go to the blue jays and shei We got an on-card here cave dowdy another one for Toronto, man. Dang There you go, buddy $30 team right here guys getting some hits There we got a christian vaccaro Nice one there to the 99 That's another one for will in the nationals Brennan davis that's cool. He's supposed to be a top prospect there for the cubs two three color patch and autograph 11 out of 25 That's going to the cubbies and ryan And last but not least guys last hit of the break One out of five I'm a little chipper jones One out of five beautiful looking car too definitive ink beautiful signature Nice way to end the box Very nice All right guys. There you go. Very very nice. So that chipper jones was awesome That jimmy fox right with jumbo materials there gill Hodges The jordan lullar booklet was nasty Right, we got that brennan davis One-on-one right there. They eat shiro the jackson sharia redemption, which was a nice one novelli marté rafael for a call a little old-school guy there Right bird blight levin matataguya shita macho man joe carter Very very nice case guys very nice The elly dilla cruise rps nasty It's yours prime time. You didn't hear me man. I said jackson sharia That's going to you buddy. That's the big prospect outside buffer the brewers All right, pretty sure you guys pick your team number six is in the store jaspy's case breaks.com Oh, well you hit pretty well man So if you want to watch the replay i'll upload it right now You got a lot of nice hits for a lot of your teams and especially that jackson sharia too Thank you, man But yeah guys, you know that big mixer is probably going to happen tomorrow guys You only have to do two fillers in two spots But i'm probably going to end up cancelling that second filler because I feel like overnight We're going to sell these two full spots here So I really expect us to really just have to do three more spots and 24 spots in the filler So like I said, if you're thinking or grabbing a spot guys really get it now because If overnight we sell those two spots if I wake up early and see that i'm going to post three more And that's it. I can't sell any more after that because the last three are going to be hiding in this filler So either grab some filler spots or if you're really thinking about grabbing a full spot get it tonight guys because I we're only really essentially five spots away full and one filler. That's how close we are We've already sold Basically 19 straight up spots and three spots through a filler. So we're basically at 22 spots sold Just got to sell eight more Now obviously go buy your teams in nt as well. No problem president. Thank you buddy Uh that way of course become wednesday. We can just easily just cruise through that um But yeah guys, I mean i'm still live for about another 30 minutes It's freaking nice So All right guys, let's see Also to you guys I'm gonna post up uh figure t number eight right now two Just so i can have a third case up for tomorrow And you guys can start pre-ordering that right now 15 All right All right All right, I post a number eight guys if anybody wants to snag some teams there um You know, I just wanted to post another case up for tomorrow The way we at least have three um But yeah guys, it seems like that's pretty much gonna be it for us pretty much He's my favorite player I All righty guys, I'm going to call it thing guys. I think that's pretty much it for me Thank you for a great night of breaking guys. I definitely made it for yesterday And we pretty much almost got this mixer sold out guys. So tomorrow Not only can we still do some more nt We'll be able to do that uh mixer tomorrow guys. So again, I'm going to monitor it overnight guys And we sell two spots in the early morning hours I'll probably cancel the second to last filler guys and we'll just do three more straight up spots And uh, yeah guys, I mean that's pretty much it Two fillers and two straight up spots or five spots straight up one filler And again, I did post another nt guys you guys can start pre ordering that and I expect us to do at least six and seven tomorrow guys so Should be pretty nice And prison football for wednesday guys already saw it very nicely so Appreciate everybody Have a great night. Thank you for a great night of breaking up. See you guys


here in the UK we have been told that by January people could see energy bills reaching 5,000 pounds there is a protest currently happening where 100,000 people have made a pledge to stop paying their energy bills if they continue to rise yeah I saw that as well and rightfully so they should because this this rise in prices it's not because there's an energy shortage it's because of policy right the stupid government those oligarchs decided to reduce the output of energy right so it's by design right they're trying to mess you up okay and also in the UK they said they're gonna do rolling blackouts both for private residents and industry and Germany's up the shit creek with all of it depression part to come in coming yeah goes face I think we're in we're gonna hit it I think we're gonna hit it I think you know just this disclaimer again family has started acquiring puts on the markets okay family was out of the markets for a while for a couple months now I guess I'm sitting on cash we started accumulating puts expecting a serious downturn we'll see if it happens or not but high risk there's enough financial advice Joe Chichou there's already expectations of widespread civil unrest yeah it's already it's civil unrest is happening like in Sri Lanka and different parts of the world it's gonna reach the Western world okay in a big way in a big way