Hello, and good evening. Thank you for coming out here. This is Studio X. It's a great pleasure tonight to welcome Hannah Wright. You're the fourth of our speakers in this Istanbul 95 talks discussing together with us what is the future of childhood in cities. Hannah is our urban planner and knowledge integrator. I would like to know what a knowledge integrator is She has an international experience of seven years working, among other things, at Arab preparing the cities and live guides, as well as working as an advisor to the BANAT Foundation efforts. So, welcome Hannah, and looking forward to your talk. Okay, wow, microphone. Yeah, thank you very much for having me, and thank you for showing me such a warm welcome over the past few days. We've been doing some really nice lectures, workshops, and it's been great to hear your ideas and to do some knowledge integration over the past couple of days. But tonight, I've been asked to speak to you about a project that I've been working on in India and share some of that experience, which I think is quite timely. So just two days ago, it was Children's Day in Turkey. And at that point, the president's press office said that their greatest desire is to prepare a much brighter tomorrow for our children and youth. And he was quoted saying that, as a nation, Turkey sees the children as the most precious asset in the world. So I'd like to use this example to really test that theory and to set a challenge, perhaps, for how you can really create cities for children. So I'll be talking about a project that we did in India for their 100 Smart Cities mission and how we were trying to take children from a situation where they were only surviving to a situation where they have the potential to thrive. I've been starting all of my presentations with this quote, which has really inspired me this year. It's a quote from a psychologist called James Hillman that says, how we imagine our cities, how we envision their goals and values and enhance their beauty, defines the self of each person in that city. And that quote, for me, is very important because it acknowledges the interrelationship between health and well-being and the built environment. Our surroundings really influence the way we experience the city day to day. And all of that influences the way that we develop as people and as citizens to be able to deal with challenges in the future. That self, importantly, is defined very rapidly in the first three to five years of our lives. So the Bernard Van Lea Foundation have a project called Urban 95, which focus particularly on children under five years old. The reason being that in the first 1,000 days of your life, you will develop most rapidly. Here you can see a chart that shows the ability to change your behaviors, declines as we go through our life and the amount of effort that it requires for us to change our behaviors, increases as we go through life. So there's a real window of opportunity to provide a good start in life in those first three years. Importantly, our experience of the first three to five years changes very rapidly as well. So the way that we move around and learn and interact with our environment from sort of being on our bellies, crawling, walking, eventually gaining some independence, changes very quickly and also the experience for the parent or caregiver changes very rapidly. So from pregnancy to carrying the baby, to walking, hand-holding and eventually allowing some more freedom from the child. So that interaction is also very importantly changing. If you were to compare three to five years as a timescale to sort of underline this importance, it's about a similar sort of timescale as a construction project in a city. So the time it takes to build, perhaps I don't know how long the project is, the Galata Port project could be this important window in a childhood and important influence on the life and the future. So if you imagine all of the different experiences of the city in terms of construction, noise, vibration, air quality, dust, those different challenges, how does that impact the first three to five years? Trying to underline here the importance of development in the child's experience. Particularly as the way that you experience those construction projects really varies at the street level. And it can mean a sort of reduced experience for a more difficult experience for the child or the caregiver. The other example I was gonna give is five years as a political term. So the choices that decision makers are making in those five years can have a huge impact on childhood in the first five years. This is an image from a story I've been learning about in the last couple of days where after losing the local election, somebody who had put in a playground two weeks before the elections then took it down because they weren't re-elected after that point. So the decisions and the choices, yeah, the decisions and the choices that are being made by politicians really affects that experience as well. And most likely the decisions that are made in those five years do have repercussions for the next five years and so on and so forth. I'm gonna be talking about some of the values that I was involved in developing as part of this Cities Alive Arab Initiative. I think there are copies available. So this was a project that I was leading with Sam Williams, Felicitas Udonna and Tim Gill while I was working at Arab. The idea behind this initiative designing for urban childhoods was to put child-friendly urban planning on the agenda for cities, for developers and for built environment professionals. And what we were trying to underline here is that actually if you can design a city for children, it should work better for everybody. I'm gonna run you through just some of those principles because I think child-friendly urban planning is new to some people here. So as I said, it's a vital part of creating inclusive cities that work better for everybody. And the presence of children in the public realm is a good indication of quality of life. So if you have a street or a space where children are out and playing and enjoying themselves, also there's a good indication that that place is safer, more inclusive, working better for a greater range of needs. We try to encourage multifunctional and playable public space. So not thinking of spaces for children in the city only as play spaces, as particular parts of the city, but in thinking of the entirety of the public realm as a potential to experience everyday freedoms. By everyday freedoms, I mean self-directed play as a fundamental human expression and a very important part of child development. And also the ability to move around with your parent or your caregiver. Also to be able to spend time with families between different age groups and not only have to go to a space that's exclusively for one group. We talked about the interventions at the neighborhood scale as a really good opportunity to offer safe and enjoyable journeys every day. So this is the importance of routes and streets as well as destinations. Your first steps out of your house, out of your door are what influence the behaviors in the rest of the city. If you can have that as a good start between the public and private realm, then you have a better opportunity to enhance those healthy behaviors as you continue your journey through the city. And the neighborhood scale is a scale that identifies well for children and for the community in terms of their range of vision and what they relate to. But also it works with the roaming range of kids and how far they can get around in the city. Finally, and this is an important one for the project I'm gonna be talking about, that the needs of children can act as a unifying theme for the promotion of progressive ideas and ambitious actions. So we found as we were developing this project that where there'd been trouble dealing with issues, say let's talk about air quality for example, where the carbon emissions lobby and where the climate change lobby did not have such an impact. If you could close the streets traffic, improve that air quality and see children out there spending time with their relatives and enjoying the space, that was gained more traction and could really kind of connect all of these difficult very abstract problems for cities and really bring them home. And it also encouraged people to work across different departments in the city to make change happen. One of the things that we were talking about to make change happen was inviting actors to be opportunistic and strategic to improve existing and new urban environments. And we talked about how big change is possible by a series of small coordinated interventions that can be scaled up and adapted to different contexts. And I'm really happy to be here actually today to have been testing this project, these concepts that was advocating as part of Cities Alive on this project in India. And to see what we learned from it because we've been trying these things out now. So I'm gonna be talking about ITCN which is the acronym for Infants, Toddlers, Caregiven Neighborhood as a smart way to build neighborhoods to thrive in which is this project in India. I really like this quote from Bill Gates that came up which also I think gives a bit of a smart city feel that the first five years have so much to do with the next, how the next 80 turn out. And what I'll be hoping to show throughout this presentation I'll come back to these is how we were opportunistic and strategic in our approach on the India project, how we generated globally inspired but locally applied ideas and how to translate a national level program to something that has a real impact for families at the neighborhood level. So I'll be talking you through a little about some context of infants and toddlers caregivers in India. I'll talk about the smart cities mission and how that relates to ITCs and the ITC neighborhood. I'll be saying ITCs as infants, toddlers and caregivers just so you know, they're the mouthful. I'll talk to you about the framework so what we actually did and then I'll talk a little bit about what we've learned through that process. So infants, toddlers and caregivers in India. So India's population is about 18% of the world total and it's one of the youngest countries in the world which really underpins the importance of doing something for children's futures in this context. In addition to that, children of not five years make up about 29% of the population in India. So there's a huge proportion of the population that we could potentially impact through this project. Much of the population is going to be living in cities and as the pressures of urbanization continue, it's really important that we think about how we can enhance those cities and enhance the experience of those young children in India. And when we think about how children are taken into account in the public realm, the public realm is something that is really designed by adults and we forget what it's like to be a kid and we forget to take kids into account when we're designing the public realm. They tend to be the group that's out most in the city spending most time in public space but design for them is the least deliberate. So we can think about this idea of planning for infants, toddlers, and caregivers as a way to empower and give some influence back. I talked about the initiative of Urban 95 that asked the question, if you were to experience the city from the height of 95 centimeters, which is the height of a healthy three-year-old, what would you change? And 95 centimeters in India, the view actually of the city street, it's mostly vehicles, mostly the exhausts. You're about the height of a car bumper, which is a very different experience for young kids than it is for adults. That seems to be something that's obvious but actually is quite surprising to see when you sort of crouch in these different spaces or you consider it from that perspective how different and how overwhelming the experience can be. The challenges that we're facing in India, these here are some of the challenges that have been encountered that we try to address as part of this project. We try to sort of underline that actually the damage that's been done in cities and the challenges that have been created are all very possible to undo. In India, those challenges that we were coming up across was the overwhelming car centricity and the pollution. So real car dominance and the influence that it has as a physical barrier, but also in terms of air quality, noise and your ability to move around whether or not you're able to get about outside of a car and not be dependent on the car to move around. Obstacles, uneven surfaces, difficulty without sidewalks moving around the city. The security and threat of personal crimes are how safe you feel and how safe you actually are as you move in the city also has an influence on your experience at that age and also for the parents. Poor access to public facilities are all the types of services that you need to be accessing regularly in those important first years like healthcare services, like even public bathrooms, places to eat, places to sit. A problem with beautification instead of play, so things that look aesthetically good to adults rather than something that is fundamentally valuable for children and a lack of maintenance. So once places have been put in place, they're not well maintained, they can fall into disrepair and that can cause problems later down the line. I'll talk a little bit about what children do need or what they don't need. So children need response and focus from their caregiver and the physical safety of women goes hand in hand with the physical safety of children as well. If in India, caregivers are often female, so how safe you feel as a woman in public space, how stressed or anxious you feel will influence your ability to provide that nurturing care for your child. And young kids take their cues from the expression of their caregiver, they're constantly reading their faces, so any kind of stresses that happen in the public realm also influence the development of the kid. So to be able to provide a good response, responsive attitude from the caregiver, we also need to design for their own health and safety in the public realm. Children need repetition of supportive behavior every day. So it's not only food and cleanliness that keeps them healthy, the difference between surviving and thriving is actually between not only the caregiver but also the built environment. So how you've fed your daily hygiene but the quality of the air you breathe, water that you drink, who you play with, who you interact with are all very important points. So responsive, playful, really meaningful interactions, storytelling with your caregiver are very important and they are also impacted by your surroundings as well as by your family. Children need quality time outdoors on a regular basis. So the physical environment's been called the third teacher of children as well as the parents of the first. So this is again, your ability to sort of play, explore your surroundings, be stimulated and not overwhelmed. It's really depending on those opportunities, interesting things to see, interesting things to touch, all influence the way you develop. Particularly nature is really important for children to thrive. Exposure to nature has been shown to be really positive for health and well-being and to also reduce the stress that we feel as adults. So in terms of learning about natural materials, the complexity of nature is a really fundamental thing for kids as well. Importantly, I'll come back to this point that creating cities for children can create quality of life for everybody. So a city that's thriving for children should also be thriving for all other city dwellers. I'll talk a little bit about the 100 Smart Cities Mission. This is just an introduction to ITCs. So the reason why we were talking about it in the Indian context. So the 100 Smart Cities Mission was a national mission from the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, involved cities competing for funding, applying for funding, where they would be implementing pan city and area development projects. They had the objectives to look at sustainability, inclusion, the health and safety. And what that meant for most cities in India was that they wanted to upgrade basic infrastructure. The idea is to drive economic growth and improve quality of life. And they wanted to do that by enabling this local development and also harnessing the potential of technology. And what we tried to show through this project was that actually investing in infants, toddlers and caregivers, because of all the reasons I've mentioned before, goes really well hand in hand in terms of supporting economic growth. And that actually, it was a really good investment in the future if you were going to invest in this first five years of life. And what this is trying to show is this different smart city features along the bottom, how that can fit, how those resonate with the values I've just been talking about. The daily mobility needs of ITCs are really different to other urban dwellers, which we've been talking about a little bit this afternoon. So when you're moving across the city, the difference between a kind of lone person journey and a caregiver, a child journey is very different, looks very different. And so actually if you only think about economic growth for a certain number of the population, it's not going to match up. And if this is what influences decision making, these kind of peak commutes for efficiency, it's not going to be a true representation of the experiences that happen in the city. So you can see here that the middle one is moving between caring, home making and employment, and the further one is that multiple caregivers all interacting, the different places that you spend time in the city, the destinations that you have to visit and how you interact is far more complicated and far more challenging than urban decision making takes into account. We talk about neighborhoods because it's a really important scale for children to grow up. So how well your neighborhood is planned, the journey that you're making, whether or not you have to go across the city for those different destinations in the last slide, or whether you're able to do it within your neighborhood is really important. So the types of services that you can access within that range close by is super important. So for example, if you have healthcare available in your neighborhood or the school available in your neighborhood or if you have to travel across the city, if you then have to travel across another part of the city for work, that can really be restrictive for the quality of the interactions that are able to happen. We talk about an ITC neighborhood as something that produces a safe, vibrant public realm with neighbors. You can include trusted providers and wider community services. So there's a mixture of the neighborhood scale, good routes, good journeys within the street, parks and open spaces, different utilities, different public services, all being part of this multifunctional neighborhood scale. And the destinations being evenly spread, really walkable to encourage people to spend more time out in the public realm and to really facilitate the move of family life from inside the home to outside in the neighborhood. So we thought it was part of this 100 Smart Cities mission that actually the idea of this neighborhood, the ICT neighborhood, was a really good way to link into these different objectives of the Smart City features. As a unifying lens, as a unifying theme for sustainable, healthy, safe and inclusive improvements. And to see the ITCN as like an anchor for all Smart Cities, to make sure that the developments that come out as part of these pan city and area-based developments to be more meaningful for families and to ask the question, who's gonna benefit from these Smart City improvements and to try and enhance the impact that you can have for families, particularly because it's such a young population there. And importantly, this top graphic is trying to show that by influencing the kind of area development, you can have a multiplier effect on your neighborhood. So it's something that can be replicated and scaled across different neighborhoods at a time to create a wider benefit for more communities. And I'll talk a little bit more now about the framework itself and what we did. So actually the 100 Smart Cities mission and the request from the ministry to produce these guidelines was a really rare opportunity to transform this kind of national scale influence into family impact on family life. We were producing quite a comprehensive package which has just been launched so you can now download this online, check it out afterwards. We were developing this to support the health and wellbeing of infants, toddlers, and caregivers. The framework includes a sort of conceptual framework, principles that all of the 100 Smart Cities should follow and to guide these kind of pan city and area-based developments. It included design guidelines for new developments, policy workbook for how it can be integrated into the policy environment, evaluation monitoring to find out how well those things are working and best practices for inspiration. So the idea with this is that it provides a clear and common objectives that can guide through the 100 Smart Cities and that can give an indicator of how well those cities are performing in terms of impacts for families. It's also designed to equip city managers with the language and the tools to be able to do this, improve experiences for families every day. So knowing not only why it's important but what can they do and how can they relate it to their own role and make sound decisions. So this is what the guide sort of looks like. We were trying to deal with help, different types of decision makers. So from the sort of central decision makers top level to heads of department and technical teams all the way down these different layers. So the framework, the conceptual element might help with making the case, the policy workbook sets the environment that then enables the design guidelines and also gives some ideas on what practically at a smaller scale can you actually do. And the people who are involved, so the smart city mission with the people asking for it. Bernard Van Lea Foundation, where they're once leading that as part of the Urban 95 initiative. We worked with local partners, BDP, who were executing quite a lot of the work and then we drew upon some sort of global expertise and an expert review panel across Bernard Van Lea's network. So there's a whole load of kind of knowledge that have been building around this Urban 95 initiative that was then brought into the project. So this kind of global expertise that's been building over time. We had the opportunity to really build that to get there and see what was happening with it and try and test it out. Which is for me, very exciting. The framework itself sets the vision and objectives for the 100 smart cities. So here we've got a series of how many five different objectives. So although the way that they are implemented will differ for all the different contexts in India, there are some fundamental principles across all of them that should be followed and respected. So those include playful, green, safe, accessible and inclusive neighborhoods. And the idea is this is that you, the objectives have like corresponding design guidelines that then explain how do you achieve a playful neighborhood, how do you achieve an inclusive neighborhood and they also link through to the evaluation framework. So you have this kind of stage process. The idea is that these would work in like a dynamic interplay and be implemented in an integrated way. So you don't pick and choose how they work. You might be able to prioritize some to be able to get started on your project, but they should all be complementary and working well together. And I won't go into all of the details on this, but you can see more in the guidelines themselves. The best practice case to do is provide some inspiration. So we were looking at examples from India and also from across the globe and assessing them in terms of their safety, the greenery, the playfulness, the inclusivity to provide some inspiration about what can be done and what can be learned, how to achieve those objectives. The design guidelines define an approach for that and the way they're divided is into this sort of neighborhood streets, parks and open spaces, public services and utility. So we're trying to get all the different angles that can contribute to the experience at the neighborhood level. And it also limits the interrelationships between physical components and tries to deal with some of the trade-offs that happen in decision-making. It's pushing for quality while optimizing the benefits for families. So this is where the question comes up about who's really benefiting and how can you enhance the benefit of your infrastructure improvements? So in the example here, we've got a graphic that shows the value to the development of infant toddlers and caregivers and how many are reached. And what we're trying to get across is that if you can put 100 benches in, that are just benches, and that would probably benefit more families, but the value to those families would be far greater if you put in 30 that were very well shaded, well lit, that were well placed, that had some interactive elements around them. So you can create a higher quality intervention that can actually go further with your infrastructure improvements if you're more thoughtful about it. I talked about taking decision-makers through some of these processes, so knowing what to do. And this is just really trying to acknowledge that on a day-to-day basis for planning and design, you have some really tough decisions to make and you have a lot of conflicts to resolve and address. So by setting out what the design challenges is, how to resolve these different viewpoints, all of the different challenges, all of the different asks from stakeholders that you need to deal with, helping them to prioritize and find different entry points to start a conversation and to resolve those conversations can start to help to prioritize those spatial needs and what can actually happen. So it's equipping them with the kind of insights and rationale to take things forward. And that can also help to build some synergies and coalitions in the process to continue to show who's benefiting and how the recommendations that they're making really comes back to family impacts. It's also providing options for applications. I'm going to talk you through an example of some of the conversations that we've had as part of this design guideline development. And some of the, yeah, some of the challenges of this kind of globally inspired but locally applied interaction. So one of the things that we advocate for playable spaces is a connection to nature. Really making use of natural materials which are irregular, which have far more value for children and for caregivers. But when we started to have this conversation we came across a challenge. Is that in India, there's quite a lot of stray dogs around. And so the conversation when it's just like, okay, well, we've got these stray dogs. There's going to be sand around. There's going to be all these natural materials. That's going to create a conflict and a problem. So does that mean that we can have like nothing natural at all in the space? And actually what we were saying, the kind of typical or reactive response might be that, okay, get rid of everything natural. Maybe put in a fence to prevent the stray dogs from interacting from this place based to protect the kids, make them safer. And what we tried to explore was that if you're actually going to put in a fence does that mean that you can keep the natural materials? Because you've actually already got this other element in place. And if you're going to have a fence, could you do something more interesting with it? So could you make it climbable? Can you build it out of natural materials? Could it contribute to biodiversity or maybe spaces to interact with? Or could it include some interesting elements like music or sound, for example? So this was only part of the conversation that we were having and the way the design guidelines developed will be very different for the different cities. But it's just an example of how you can, you have to go through this capacity building and kind of design negotiation on every project to really deal with the local challenges in a way that can still benefit children. And these are the types of compromises and challenges that we're addressing all the time. So this is another way that it provided options for applications who actually in the design guidelines they have different street layouts to try and deal with different scenarios, to try and deal with different types of situations and examples of how that can be done. I mentioned the policy workbook. So this is like really trying to embed it in the policy framework and remove any kind of policy hurdles that would stop any of that from happening. So if you were to have a policy that said that you can't have natural materials or you have to have a fence, for example, that would be problematic, which may well be the case. It's not a simple kind of negotiation. This also provides a basis for the evaluation framework. So we took elements of the existing guidelines, so they're all acronyms, but down the left is all the existing guidelines, tried to look at the existing processes and strategies and integrate this idea into all of those existing processes. So it wasn't like a new system that had to be taken into account or a new process. And what we were asking was, how do the existing guidelines meet those principles of the ITC neighborhood? What stakeholders need to be involved in the process? Which ones are already involved in the process? Are there any kind of roadblocks or challenges that we need to be aware of and try to overcome? And how do you, how can the guidelines overcome those with live examples? We also developed an evaluation and monitoring framework. So this was, again, based on indicators that were already in the existing guidelines and also some neurons. We looked at indicators for each of the objectives. And then we looked at something that was called service level benchmarks, which were already existing in India. And we decided, okay, what would mean it was a surviving situation? Then we had a middle one, which was striving situation. And then how could you move that into thriving? So for each of the objectives, we had these different level benchmarks that we could measure performance across. And we also developed the idea of a dashboard to be able to monitor how well cities and developments were working against that over time. So here are some of the indicators, just an example from the safety side of things. So I'll just take the top one. So whether there are cycle routes in the neighborhood and any major bordering roads. So the level, the extent to which that indicator is being met in the neighborhood would indicate whether that is performing in a surviving, striving or thriving situation. Yeah, the indicators measure the spatial components. And so they actually lead into infants, toddlers and caregivers well-being and kind of provide this overarching, holistic view of how well that's performing. The last thing that it was just demonstrating how the data fit into the transformation process of the neighborhood. So this data gathering, we were advocating being done at the neighborhood level, which can be quite a challenge. Often data is not really gathered at that level. But we were trying to create this multiplayer effect and join all the elements together. And if you can have a consistent set of indicators, I think there was 65 in the framework, then you should be able to make a comparison between different neighborhoods, but also across different cities in India to see how well that's performing. So having this kind of common set of, let's call them KPIs for each city to measure themselves against also helps you to share those ideas and have some comparability between situations to help with this kind of learning and improvements in the transformation of the neighborhood. Importantly, this framework is guidance and we know that actually it's only gonna work if it actually happens. So one of the things that we tried to advocate with this idea of the dashboard is that it would be embedded into practices and that actually through the dashboard you could measure how well you're doing it, what the projects are, how well they're performing, how well they're meeting the objectives, and that the guidelines, ideally, the framework would be reviewed and developed over time to incorporate this learning in a cyclical process. Things that we learned from the process. Let's bear in mind this is one of the first times we've done something of this scale. I'll come back to these ideas I was talking about. So being opportunistic and strategic, globally inspired and locally applied ideas and translating national level programs into the neighborhood impact. So being opportunistic, so this was a piece of work that we knew was gonna take at least six months and the time scales for the project that we were given by the ministry was six weeks. So we wanted to jump on that opportunity to be able to do something to improve the situation and put these guidelines in place for young children and their caregivers, but we also need to do it in a strategic way. So what it meant is that the comprehensive guidance that we built up was designed to have this kind of replicable and scalable quality, so you could have these neighborhoods generating and also recognize the need for different responsibilities to be taken from different departments. So by having these different levels of the decision maker, the technical guidance, the kind of managers in between, we're trying to provide an opportunity for all levels of influence to take into account. So they can see how it connects to their role and how they can all contribute to the framework together. Globally inspired and locally applied ideas, so because of this project being pushed so quickly, actually one of the real successes of the project was being able to pull together all this global network of knowledge. So it involves a lot of capacity building actually when you're looking at child development, bringing that together with the needs of young children in particular and also relating that to good local design. It's always a process of learning on a project. So the opportunity to be able to gather that expertise from the Urban 95 network from around the globe and to have the involvement of the expert review panel really helped to review and feedback and improve in a very quick way that enabled us to deliver. We were looking at the national level program as having a neighborhood level impact and I think that a very idea that we're using neighborhood level interventions would hopefully improve that. But this is quite a challenge to look at the neighborhood level as I said because it's not a typical scale that development is done at. So this is quite a new idea but we think it's really important to be able to ensure that there's kind of local evaluation and local impact for cities in the future. So I'm going to finish by just saying that we don't have all the answers for the 100 smart cities. What we've done is we've tried to put together this framework to set a good tone and hopefully there'll be opportunities to continue that learning and continue the way that the guidelines are developing over time and to see how the potential for learning can continue. Thank you. Questions, reflections. Thank you, Hannah. This was amazing. Like to hear or maybe hear from you how you have imagined that there is a kind of continued engagement with the city or the implementers because I assume that though they have the guideline they still need hand-holding once they have to start implementing. Yeah, absolutely. Yeah, it's really important with any guidance like this that it's not just given and then left. And actually that you don't expect people to go through it and read it themselves and know what it means. The interpretation of the guidance and the way it translates into practice is fundamental. So we don't know for sure what the next steps would be. There is an intention to do some capacity building with the people who'll be implementing it in the different cities. So there should be like a training process to then see not just help people to know how to use it and how to implement it but also to continue learning about whether it works or not and hopefully continue to improve it. So that's an intention but we don't know yet how that's going to continue. Any questions from the room? Otherwise I'm sure it's all right. Thanks Anna. One question kind of from the beginning. What, who integrated the childhood perspective into the smart city conversation? Like how did that come about? How did it come up? I'm not sure I know exactly how it came up. There was an interest from the decision making level about what it could be and there was a series of different guidelines that were being produced. So it was one of I think maybe four or five different guidelines that could be produced for the hundreds of smart cities. Rushda who's the Bernard Van Leer representative in India did some great work sort of raising the awareness and the agenda for Urban 95 in that context and my impression is that it happened quite quickly but I don't know what it was that made them change their mind if you like that be interesting to find out. Because I'm curious because India of course is also a big technology producer and exporter also in some ways. Yeah. And were there any challenges that you had in that regard like that the expectation for the smart city was actually more technology driven? Yeah. Maybe because all most of everything that you have shown us is of course technology driven that it has to be done with knowledge but then it's not really technology-driven. Not digital. There's not much silicon in there. Yeah. Yeah so again I'll reflect on this from the conversations I've had and experiences on the project. So actually the way I understand it was a concern that people might be overly focused on technology because it's called smart city but each of the cities who were applying for funding could decide what they thought a smart city meant and actually on what they needed to provide this quality of life and sustainability and healthy cities and across the board it was relating to basic infrastructure more so than technological interventions. So they had the choice to relate really to what their own objectives for the city were and that's what came out most. And just to clarify for myself also so the 100 cities are 100 Indian cities? Yes. Yes. Because they have more than 100. 100 cities across India, yeah. Do you know how many cities exist in India? I don't. Okay just I'm curious like what that target is. Yeah what proportion it would be. Yeah I'm afraid not. Well that's fine. I'm sure you have a question to Alexis. Somebody clearly very interested in design guidelines. I'm just really curious because after years of thinking about design guidelines I really felt compelled that the whole system of delivery had to be hacked. That you know four point framework with a kind of policy guideline evaluation. Strategic thing it's a little bit you know not just bureaucratic but it's not inviting and it's very linear and a lot of these processes aren't linear and we've really tried to reflect on the actual format, the object itself to invite new types of participation because this linear format is just again very alienating. Yeah. You know you're presented with four policy books, the images that are presented to you or typically stock photographs. It says it's relevant and yet the topics are very generic and abstract for most people like what does safety mean? It means very different things. And I'd be very curious after you've now achieved this content some of the thinking that you have to actually reinvent the design or framework to actually get this in the hands of people. Yes yeah I think that's a really valid point. Yeah the extent to which this guidance is used yeah it's crucial as I said it's only going to be done if people can make use of it and actually put it into practice it's not good enough that it's only a framework. Yeah and I think you're right also that some of this information can be overwhelming and can be abstract. So there were ways that we tried to deal with that through the information that we included and I didn't have time to go through it today but the guidelines do get pretty specific in terms of what safety means and how you measure it. But there's also a danger that you can be too specific or you can make too many assumptions and you also need to apply it to that local context. So the types of elements we included in this sort of decision making process were designed to prompt people to think about what their questions are, what their situations are and how they can apply it. And my opinion is that the capacity building that goes alongside that is the most important thing. So actually the training that's involved sitting with the designers, being able to take a natural design problem and apply these principles to it and work through it together in a collaborative way would be far more valuable. I did a review of guidance for Urban 95 to see how well some of that guidance was working and some of the challenges that came up and what came back from that review was that it was really important to have a common vision and a common set of objectives to work from so that you can measure performance against it and I think that's what this guidance does well. The other feedback that came back was that it's people that make the difference and the skills of those people and how able they feel to champion an idea, how well they think it relates to their role and I'd like to see this be kind of coupled with some more interactive, more engaging, maybe workshops or processes that can really integrate it into the design. So I think actually working on guidance that is more interactive, that is simpler and more usable is a really valuable point. Actually my other reflection would be that, yeah, I know that Nacto, who've been doing the Global Street Design Guide, we've talked a lot about how comprehensive guidance should be, what decision makers or managers might ask for is like a book that tells them everything and it's all in one place and then you have all of the answers. You know, if you tell us what to do, we'll just get on and do it and that thoughtful interpretation that's so important is not, it requires a lot of energy and a lot of effort. Independent thinking is not always desirable. So I think actually the way you approach it and you deal with the particular challenges of the people you're working with is also really important. I had a good conversation with Nacto about the guidance needing to be comprehensive enough that you can sort of provide answers to kind of go to and to technical enough that you get through some of these hurdles that might come up in implementation. So you know, just dealing with the objectives isn't enough and that specificity is really important because it's all very well saying that you need to have an inclusive neighborhood. If the design that they come up with that's inclusive then meets a policy hurdle later down the line then you're gonna fall over in the process. So it's always a balance between yeah, the level of detail that you include. But I wouldn't, yeah, I don't know how this is gonna develop in the future but I do think it's valuable to couple it with a different set of guidance styles if you like other questions. You're on the spot, you're on the spot as well. Yes. Thank you. Thank you. I was wondering about this hundred cities because hundred is a big number actually. Yes. And deal with and do this project is, I believe it's a huge work but I was wondering about the scales and the cities because probably they are not like have the same population or same industry or same economic level. So how did it work with these guidelines and this totally different hundred cities? Did you, what did you learn about it? Yeah. Yeah, again, so this was the balance between you're doing something that's, I would say global enough but nationally enough that each of those cities can have this kind of common objective but the way that it's interpreted the local level is really gonna change. So of course, I mean, the difference in neighborhoods across the city is totally different and diverse let alone the difference in cities across the country. So we were trying to give suggestions of indicators that could be sort of hooked on to but I think there is a little bit of room for interpretation as well. I actually don't know the answer for how well it's gonna be interpreted. Yeah, that's still to be seen but I think we're gonna be keeping a close eye on that. How it develops in the future. Yeah. Thank you. Maybe you can elaborate a little bit more about the next steps. So how, what is going to happen really? Yes. I don't, honestly, I don't know the answer. I know there's a discussion going on about if there is potential for capacity building and for example, the use of the dashboards. They were kind of options or opportunities that we put into place for this project. For the foundation and the work that I'm doing, my next steps are gonna be to reflect on these experience how quickly this process came up. Pulling together this information, this framework, how well that worked or not. I'd like to bring those lessons into other pieces of guidance. And I think particularly I would like to look into some of the common challenges that come up in terms of design guidelines. So I gave the example of like fences and play spaces and natural materials before I'd also quite like to take a look at having a discussion about parking and sidewalks. I think that would be a really valuable one to look at. Surveillance, you know, trying to look at more, I don't wanna say innovative, but more interesting ways to deal with common challenges that come up. Management and maintenance, perhaps, that can still have a value for children. And some of those lessons are gonna be coming out in different Urban 95 guidelines. So we're working at the moment on developing the next version of the starter kit, which gives these ideas for action. And we're also working on an implementation framework to kind of get to the how part and not just how in terms of spatial interventions that can be done, but also how do you start to work with people? How do you build a team? How do you build that awareness? How do you make sure that you can translate the brief into design practice? We're trying to give some tangibility to those as well. Yeah. Also, one more additional question. Yeah. Do you know details of how do you get local knowledge? Because India is actually famous with the frugal innovation. I mean, especially these kind of examples, like what type of fence you should use to separate between stray dogs and the park or sand park, let's say. Actually, India is quite innovative in this sense, itself. So is there a channel that you are learning from India? Yes, yeah, yeah. So we had local partners on the ground who were BDP. They would do the majority of the work. And it was the case of kind of taking this, the kind of child development urban 95 knowledge that we had and then working very closely with them to understand what that meant at the local level. So this was the example that I gave was one of the conversations came up, but it wasn't necessarily how it was resolved. And it was also part of my learning because, obviously, I didn't know the Indian context before. So what works in different cultural, social, political situations was really important. So yeah, I think I would probably underline the importance of doing that local knowledge. I don't think we should be assuming we know best. Hey. I think you had spent some time in the city. You came earlier, I think, to some more do you have some specific observations, including, I mean, within the Istanbul 95 project to the city? I mean, for Istanbul, let's say. Yeah, reflections on the experience here. Yeah, so the things off the top of my head that really struck me, yeah, are in terms of challenges, topography in the city. So I was watching a lot of people pushing strollers up and down hills. We've talked a lot about sidewalks, and we had a conversation about useless sidewalks or how effective the sidewalks are with kind of parking. So those, I mean, and those things are, it seems to be the type of thing that people think is like, OK, obvious or, I don't know, kind of straightforward to resolve. But the sidewalks are all over the city and every single street and the impact of everybody's journey. So they're important to get right. On the positive side of things, I have been really, I think there's a really good energy in Istanbul. I think the openness to interaction has a lot of potential. There's a lot of really great street life going on, interaction between people that seems to have been very naturally. So I think, actually, if you can sort of enable that by providing the setting for those things to happen, it could be really valuable. So, yeah, I feel good about Istanbul. Yeah. I crossed with this project like six months ago by mistake, like my chance, I guess, when I was doing my research in India, Jaipur, it's one of the smart cities also. And we crossed with many steel elements which written smart cities, this logo. But they were many of them were ruined. So we thought that it's a bit ironic that that's why it's actually took our mention of it. And I talked to my professor about the project and she was really enthusiastic about the project. And she was about the smart cities. Yeah. And she was talking about how it can be and what's the potentials. But in that time, it felt a bit technical. Like, to me, it felt in that way because it wasn't really adapted in that time, probably for some cases. But I also crossed with this example that I thought maybe it could work in that sense. In Nepal, after earthquake, people were supposed to build these houses in better condition. But people were not able to do it. So people were doing by themselves again. And local governments were like, were know it. And people, they were adding some guidelines into cities. Like, it wasn't the proper way to do it, to build a house. But they were showing some tricks. So how can you make it more stable if you're doing by yourself? I thought these fences and other green parts could be added. Because it's also, yeah, that's all, I guess. Yeah, that's a really nice idea, actually. Because if those types of efforts are being made anywhere but anywhere by the community, why not share some ideas? Yeah, they were also super, sorry for it. They were also super, there was a potential to do many things. And with this, like, if they can really get together, they can do something just. Yeah. And I suppose this is also a good example of being opportunistic, because if there's things that would go alongside that, so as you're rebuilding the home, you can also do something with the fences, as you said. Or if you can do something with the roads and then provide something else in a low-cost, kind of simple way, that it would actually build the movement and the benefit of those interests. I think that's a nice example, actually. Could you share it with me afterwards? There you go. Thank you. Nice. Oh, yeah, OK, let's start from the back. Which countries are at the forefront of ITC consideration when looking at time planning at the moment? Would it be like Scandinavia or? Ah. It depends on which way you look at it. I would say that there are, yeah, it depends on how you look at it. So I would interpret a way to measure it more broadly in terms of playing independent mobility. Scandinavia performs well in terms of independent mobility, so kids being able to spend time outdoors, unaccompanied by adults. But that's a very particular set of kind of context. And actually, we do a lot of study tours that tend to come to Amsterdam and Copenhagen to look at examples of how good, child-friendly urban planning can be done. But for me, it's more interesting to look at, actually, what steps, not with the comparison between cities globally, but the steps that can be taken in any context. So each Urban 95 has a series of different cities in South America, in Eastern Europe, in India, where there's very different efforts being made. But they're using the existing resources that they have, and they're dealing with a different context. So for example, there's some great work being done in Bogota on children's priority zones, where they're using paint and very low-cost interventions to change the way that people see priorities for children in a certain space. Here in Istanbul, there's been really great work being going on in terms of pop-up playgrounds and play spaces. I really liked your stroller order that you were doing there. I thought that was a really interesting idea. In Tirana, they've got a child development officer that's working across different departments. At Tel Aviv, I'm working on improving walking environments with tactical interventions. So it's difficult to say which one's doing the best. I think, actually, we should look at the change that's being made in those cities and how they improve it, because they can all learn a lot from each other. It's like a politician's response. Sorry. Thank you for the question. Any last questions? So I have one, I think, last question. You have a question. Two last questions. So last questions. Oh, I know it's not last questions. But I guess just trying to connect to what Alexis is saying, I guess since you asked from the authorities to provide the guidebook, then I know Alexis has been working from the other end a little bit. So of course, you can't really merge those two. Maybe you can, I don't know. But there's two different ends of the spectrum of approaching change in urban space. So I was wondering if I can't really imagine that you could give your guidebooks to the politicians and they will say, OK, great, that's a great recommendation. Let's do it. And vice versa. But it could be interesting to find a middle way. We have given them to some politicians, no? How could we work together, Alexis? No, I mean, I think this is the real struggle. I think there is the middle way that shouldn't be bottom up or top down. This is the whole idea of empowerment and participation in our democracies. Who's serving who, right? The politicians are supposed to be serving their constituents and the constituents are supposed to be serving their community. I think this is the framework, at least, that's been presented in the 21st century or 20th century as far as citizenship. What is the role of citizenship? And I think that's one of the things that maybe to take the question one step further and the question that people are asking in the sense, maybe bring all these conversations together, because I think do-it-yourself urbanism, tactical urbanism, it has a currency, but it also isn't the same of enduring proper intervention that you really do need this top-down type of city building because that's what makes it coherent. You can't just constantly do something pop-up. And the pop-up economy actually has a lot of vulnerabilities this way. And I do think one of the things that I found very disheartening being from a developing economy is that a lot of the guidance is coming from a very particular voice of a very particular idea of the city. And it's a very impersonal voice and it's a very abstracted voice. And I don't know how much that resonates in the sense of citizenship because when you look at kind of democracy, it's about making intimate relationships and interpersonal relationships. And that includes mayorships or local mayorships. And actually when there's a lot of trust capital between the mayors and the citizens, you get a lot of really cool stuff done. But when it's not there, you don't. And I think I'm sure your guideline addresses trust capital, but I somehow feel like we have to totally reinvent or innovate the actual thing to include somehow these diverse voices without being a kind of mash-up of pop-ups or even just stock photographs or stock ideas or stock. I mean, I feel like we're borrowing like, and cities the more and more that I look at, I was even very heartbroken recently going to Copenhagen feeling this, it's kind of like everything looks the same after a while. And these cities that have such a unique culture and history and subtlety and nuance even amongst themselves and diversity is being lost in, I believe some of the ways that we write guidance in best practice because there is this universal idea of what some of these things are. And I do question it a lot in my own thinking. So I'd be curious what you think about that. Yeah. Yeah, thank you for sharing that. I think that at the kind of high levels of decision making, they would be sure in responsibility if they did rely on pop-up and temporary spaces and tactical urbanism. I think they're really great efforts, but I think it's not enough for policymakers not to be contributing to this debate in a strategic way so that the benefits can be spread and so that it can be, yeah, I mean, I say replicated, but it would have to be, it doesn't mean the same intervention, it means that you can contribute to similar benefits or similar principles in a local way. I'm really interested in how we can, how do we provide guidance that does actually get to that interpretation? And I don't know how to do that well yet. I think it's a really valid point that some of the global guidance becomes diluted maybe or there's only certain ways that it can be applied to different contexts and how, I don't know, does that mean that we then produce more local guidance? My intuition tells me that it's more about the approaches and processes in getting good teams together, not to produce more guidance, but actually just to work on live projects and see what happened and to build a good team for those processes. I don't think that you would find the benefits and the answers that we're looking for and I think the good things that you're looking for, I don't think you would find that from guidance in this type of form. I think you'd find that in the interactions that you have on a day-to-day decision-making and day-to-day projects. So that's where I'd like to influence. Any more questions? No. Okay, one last question on my end then. Are there any academic institutions that are being pulled into this conversation of the 100 cities and the work that you're doing in India? Yeah, I don't know, actually. Yeah, I hope so. We were working with some people who I know had academic links. I didn't work with any universities in particular but I would hope so. I'll ask the question to see if there's some learning that we would love to connect, basically. I guess it would be, to use a lovely word, missed opportunity not to integrate some universities to this process because then they can help also with the learnings, especially from the implementation side. Yes, definitely. And that would evaluate the impact would be really important. So we would be also very happy to be put in touch when you guys look at those. Nice. Okay. So thank you so much. This was, we will have actually, let's make an announcement also. Thank you, Hannah. And on Monday, okay. On Tuesday next week, actually we have a few events related to Istanbul 95 effort in Istanbul. On Tuesday at four o'clock, we will be hosting and actually having, let's say a small training session about playground and safety from the CEO of Nordic Playground Institute, Einar. He's a really amazing, also very passionate person about play and what it means, a dangerous playground. Is there such a thing and what it means to work with risk and what, and he knows it from a very kind of numbers and hard data and standards point of view. So if you're interested in this conversation, please join us on Tuesday at four o'clock. It will be here. And we will have an event on Wednesday at five p.m. Barry Zuckerman. I don't know the rest, sorry. I know the rest. I just didn't know the time. But I know the story. Barry is one of the leading experts around the world, actually, apparently on reading books to children. So he comes from another point of perspective, but he is here to work with Uskudar University, but then we borrowed him to also lecture at Studio X. And part of it is we are really hoping to have more designers who are interested in doing things, pop-up things in playgrounds and maybe actually do book readings in playgrounds. It really takes no effort. Ege has been practicing this at Studio X Library for the last two months now. Every Thursday we have a reading hour. So actually, I think those of us who are burning to do things in the public space, we are trying to create the opportunities and also the learnings necessary to put that into practice. So that is on Wednesday at five. So you're also welcome to join that. And please spread the word even if you cannot come, if you know people who would be interested in joining to those two events, we would be very happy to host them. Okay, thank you. Yeah, thank you for having me.


Hello and welcome to news clip. A case of sexual harassment at workplace was reported by a Tata consultancy services employee in 2018, while in deputation to the United Kingdom. This heartened to the internal complaints committee report on the case. She appealed against it in the labor court in Kanjipuram. And the case is under procedure. Recently, the union of IT employees, known as Unite, released a statement saying the management is extending passive support to the accused. To talk about it, we have with us general secretary of the union of IT employees, Alaganambi Velkan. Thank you, thanks very much for joining us. Can you begin by telling us what exactly is the appeal against the TCS's internal complaints committee? What is the accusation against the ICC? So the case has been running for almost three plus years. And the incident happened almost four years before. So almost an year TCS took to investigate this case internally using this ICC committee. And they used multiple methods, which are not in the guidelines, which are against the guidelines of ICC. That created a lot of mental pressure on the affected employee.  So we are canceling this ICC complaint. So the challenge of the appeal against ICC report is that the action of the ICC, the violation of the ICC, led to this mental stress because of which the ICC illegally closed that case. So the appeal is against challenging the case and challenging the ICC report. So TCS is continuously pursuing to state that the decision was what they took by their ICC is right. And they are standing by their decision. And our unions, multiple unions, multiple social organizations, in support of the victim are trying to challenge that and trying to bring justice to the affected party. So how has the court proceeding been so far in, as a new statement by the Unite has said that the administration is extending passive support to the accused? Is that the case? As I told, the case is going on almost for three years. And in the three years, the TCS has consistently taken a stand that whatever they decided is right. They are not getting into a position where a complaint came in. So they want to take or hear both these sites and take a right ethical decision. But instead of that, they want to safeguard certain people in the management. And by the way, they are trying to defend the decisions which they purposefully told that employees are psychologically unfit to file a case, or because of which she has filed a case. And moreover, the TCS also maintains that this employee has filed this case because of the performance appraisal rating which this employee has got in recent times during the when she filed the case. But as we all know, and the union is consistently accusing that the performance appraisal process is a black box. There is no transfer mechanism. All the ratings are all arbitrary. And it is taken without any factual data into consideration because of which the decisions are subjective. And challenging this performance appraisal decisions are all legally valid. At the same time, quoting that for an ICC, which is a harassment case, and trying to picture the victim as somebody to gain some benefit out of this case is something fundamentally wrong with the ICC committee in TCS. And the TCS is continuously maintaining that stand, even in the court. They have multiple times denied to file a report. They are trying to buy time by getting vah-da-vah-da-vah-da and they are trying to move the delay the case as much as possible. Their strategy is to delay as much as possible so that the victim itself will drop the case, citing that no justice will come to them, come to the victim. So that is the situation right now. Even for the leaves which the employer should provide for a victim to attend a case, which are given by the law, is not provided to the employee. So sometimes on permissions, sometimes on the work from home situation, the employee is working in the court, sometimes on unpaid leave, on the loss of pay, the affected employee is attending the case. So this is the situation on which the case is going. And this is how they are favoring the accused. So now we were talking about TCS and a harassment case in TCS. But what about other big IT companies? Is it also rampant in a lot of places? What are some of the common complaints that Unite has received in the recent past? The sexual harassment complaints, they are very prevalent in IT companies. Though there is a general picture that it's a modern company, a modern industry, and people are well educated, the harassment specifically on women is still predominant. And though there are a number of complaints filed on the ICC against harassment, there are very few which gets justice. Because the ICC, Internal Complaints Committee itself, not constituted on basis of the guideline. There should be some activists in it. But what the companies are doing is they are bringing in an NGO who basically are the outsourced entity of this ICC cell.  So they give you a package to the MNC saying that, see, I take care of all your ICC problems. You don't need to worry about that. That is completely against the ICC, the point of having an ICC. People or the employees should be trained, should be created awareness. But it's all just a single video or a few question and answer based awareness session, which happens yearly once. It's not an ongoing process. A few examples I could code which came to the union recently are, one, there's Ascension in Chennai. They have huge data entry processing unit which employs outsourced company employees into Ascension. And these companies, the Ascension managers are denying resignations. So resignation, by legal terms, there is no mechanism to deny. The resignation is a notice. But these companies assume that these employees are their slaves and they demand that only if they approve, an employee can resign the job. So when a female employee sent a notice of resignation, this Ascensioner who's not even a direct employee of the person has denied the resignation and has told, even if it is your marriage, you need to give me proof. And even if it is a marriage, work till the marriage day and only then I can think of relieving you. So it's complete, it's also an harassment. It's a form of harassment, which is not physical in nature, but it is mental and the prevailing idea is sexual harassment are generally physical and advancing of physically advancing. But even these kind of denying opportunity or enforcing certain decisions on top of people based on gender can be also considered as harassment. So Ascensioner is one reason. And second, the Zoho company where the Zoho, one of the Tamil Nadu's famous company and termed as the unicorn of India as well. So that company is, we are hearing multiple reports saying that the employees are women, employees are repeatedly in a most natural sense being discriminated. There is not even a sense of equality prevailing in the workplace and the gender sensitivity is null in Zoho environment. Even when an employee tried to complain against their delivery head of sexual harassment, the ICC and the HR tried to make them not complain and which made this employee resigned from the job. But at the last moment, this employee tried to bring out this issue to at least their colleagues in different teams through an email. Then the issue started spreading out to the employees. Immediately the employer started sending an email to the employers in a threatening way saying that if somebody has problem reported to HR or the concerned body like ICC, if they are not then and if they're complaining against a certain delivery head or a manager, we will file a case against them for damaging their reputation. Which is again, you're considering the Zoho's work culture which is already pro-patriarchy. This email is again threatening employees and specifically women employees who wants to come out. And third, the enforcers in US cases ongoing right now which talks about gender discrimination and age discrimination happening. So even in US enforcers says to their recruitment head that if women has a kid, don't recruit. And if a women or a men is reaching 50 or above 50 years of age, don't recruit. So such discrimination on gender basis or various forms are happening. And these are all not physical advancements. Such kind of actions or such kind of events are happening across the industry. And it is more worse in the IT enabled sections where data entry operators, e-publishing, medical coding companies are high. These harassments are, it's a daily affair and verbal abuse is something daily affair of these data entry, BPO and call center companies. Given such discrimination, especially gender basis, what are the demands that the United is placing to these companies, to these big IT corporations? What should be, what should initiatives should be taken? All these companies, so they maintain at least women employees, gender-wise at least women employees ratio to 30 percentage or 40 percentage depends on the company at the low and most of the pyramid. So when the hierarchy goes up, the companies, the representations are almost 10 or less than 10%. So they show, we can, it is very clear that if you are a women, you can't ascend in the career. And if you are a women, you will not have equal opportunity inside the companies. And you will not have equal pay as well. So gender inequality report of World Economic Forum states that at this rate, if corporations and government goes at this rate, it would take at least 200 years for us to reach a equal pay, equal opportunity for at least men and women. Forget about all other gender minorities. So when and women who are at least 50 percentage of are equal of the population, even for them, if it takes 200 years, which is almost like virtually saying it won't happen in the generation to come. So this is the state and any drastic, what we think is we need a drastic measure, it should start with giving representation to genders at least and from genders or even all social identities. Gender-wise representation is required, caste-wise representation is required. So all discriminations can be addressed only by giving representation at the decision-making level. So private sector reservation would be the first step and meaningful step to address this issue. Apart from that, this ICC constitution of the ICC is again, just for namesake, it is not running or doing its activity as per the guideline. So we need more accountability to the ICC. The fine amount is only 50,000, which is not agreeable for MNCs like TCS. 50,000 is nothing. So it should be proportional to their income. So 50,000 cap should be removed. It should be proportional to their income, 5%, 10%, which is what practiced in cybersecurity issues. When a cybersecurity issue happens, the company has to pay a certain percentage of their income, not 50,100 rupees or something like that, fixed amount. So that should be practiced. And this NGOs used as a ICC should be avoided. So there should be an activist who should preside the, who should be part of the committee and the representation of women should be maintained as per the guideline. And the sensitivity of the information is one another highlight we want to bring in. When an ICC case starts, there should be confidentiality, but everybody in the company will immediately know that a case has started, which should not be the case. Only after the decision has been made, it can be made public based on the need. And right now the ICC is being there for just for namesake. And it should be followed. All the details of the guidelines should be followed. And if a case has been filed, the one who filed should be asked whether the decision is satisfactory or not. And that data should be publicly out. If it is not out, then definitely all these cases and decisions are taken in favor of the employers in subject to understanding of the men that should be contested and that should be fought against. Thanks a lot for throwing insight into what happens in big IT companies. Thanks, welcome, and thanks for joining us. Thank you, bye.


What's up everybody Jason here from jazzy's case breaks comm 2017 or sorry, not 2017 17 box out of the park baseball Mixer here jazzy's 17 box out of the park baseball mixer random teams just sold out and again guys 30 total spots everybody gets a random team in the MLB and No bets comments paper ship out of here and this mixer includes a box of 2020 top sapphire chrome All the way down to four boxes of 2020 t206 series one Which is actually pretty interesting box. I've been wanting to look at Actually, someone has to but I was like it's that easy. Yeah, I know Yeah, so Nick's right there packs. I can see you can see that on the Nick camera right there Let's do the randomizer guys, and then we'll see what teams you guys got and then we will Continue on with the break. So let's get a new dice roller here. Here's a customer name So Robert down to ASA you guys bought those spots straight up. I appreciate that. Good luck And from Will Jones all the way down to Chris won these spots in hangar number 14 and 15 And then here's the teams in there. Here's the list Let's click dice roll And it is a five and a two for seven times. Good luck one two three four five six and Seven Gerald down to Adam Harper. All right seven times teams down one Two three four five Six Seattle Mariners down to the Cincinnati Reds and again, this should have multiple years or within a couple of years So remember every team is gonna be a little different. That's the beauty of a mixer Let me go through the team really quick Gerald You got the Mariners Chris parent with the Chicago White Sox Robert post them with the Dodgers Tom Jones You have the angels drew with Astros Adam Harper with the Diamondbacks will Jones Red Sox Tony Barking with the Giants act Paul with the Rangers Adam Harper with the Rockies Greg with the Orioles Mike with the Nationals Jacob you have the Blue Jakes Kevin with the Phillies Zach you have the Cardinals Oliver with the Padres Andy with the Cubs ace the Las Palmoja Brewers Jazz with the twins John McCall you have the Yankees Nicola Stone with the A's Kyle Jack with the Rays Darren with the Indians Jazz you have the Royals Chris with the Marlins Brian with the Tigers Joshua L with the Braves John with the Mets Kyle Jack with the Pirates and Adam Harper, I'm just looking at Kyle Jack's name just reminds me of Kangaroo Jack Yeah, I don't know why this Jack's just got to my name All right, so Mike wants to trade for the Nationals or wants to trade the Nationals are for trade and I'll give you guys about a minute I'm just quickly on the back end Just for the years for you guys We got a box of 2020 a couple of 2020s are most of the vistas 2020 and then you have as far as 2015 elites And then 2019 so on leaf ultimate you have series 2 blaster 2019 pops chrome hobby 2019 bowman's best 2019 so that's pretty strong The mixture of the last two years What's that It was one one last time I see it Still one one Bottom of the six You did well well when you robbed what's his name? yeah All right Tigers for trade Rockies and Diamondbacks for trade So if any we guys want to just propose a trade within each other, let me know Now I'm gonna close it All right, so maybe after this guys, I mean I figured this is gonna sell out on its own, but Uh, we could do another mosaic solo Celtics Hawks just sold And that actually I think brings it down to one left. I think we should have to sell the thunder I know that's what I want to do too football mixer would be nice to do tonight Stop plenty of time. I don't care how late it is. I'll do it 11 box sunday greats four straight up and then the filler should be good And then um Sellows down to one Select pack that's the one I should have been wanting to fill the filler is actually the stud 24 But that's the last one I know dude. I'm looking at that list. I'm like, good god I don't think so either but I was like man Well, I was like at the list of names is like imagine how many of those are potential Hall of Famers I know like in the future like you have I mean jimmy brother is playing like a Hall of Famer and I think davis could definitely be one Kyrie play Yeah, I was like these Maybe camo, but dream line probably getting out gave me a little house to get in like All right, so tigers for nationals. Yes confirmed Yeah, because you it's combined with like college, right and then like everything. All right, then tigers for nationals is confirmed Oh really nice I want to go to can you've been there? No, that's the one I would like to go to Where's that Cooper's town to work New York up? Yeah So Brian, you know have the nationals It's also so expensive if you go during the Hall of Fame Uh, we oh really?  Oh, yeah, I'm okay with watching football You have three touchdowns, but you only have like other touchdowns. I know it's not he doesn't have any yards passing Dude, I know what the hell man. I'm gonna lose now He's like I was four and one on that one. So I guess I had to lose All right guys, sorry about that. Let's get a monster box for all these Because we have one trade guys Brian has the nationals Mike has the Tigers Dude, I seen a PSA one has already like got a million dollars of what's his name So like what's the highest ever grade is someone that looks like three million dollars. Yeah, I think so Yeah, I have followed up Oh, you did. Yeah, I know Yes, I know it's so dumb. It's a hater, man I'm just surprised that like none of the car companies say anything back to Uh, the like the guy who was like the VP of Amy liked our tweet. Really? That's good Careers best strikeouts Nolan Ryan. They don't want to get involved. No, I know that's true Like, uh, let's just let the hobby shops do it. It would be cool if it was like, uh, You know how like Wendy's like Other brands. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah There's the honor of Matt Barnes Boston or whatever. This is 15 elites when the marlins tweeted at the race and called them like steeper owns killers That's right. That's right. That's right. Nolan Ryan. Yeah, Wendy's and uh, what's his name? We're always going at it Uh, yeah, I think the one that's offered three million was like trim Oh, really? But Yeah, but it's Nelson Cruz at a 10 That's the only time you ever wish you could have a PSA one, huh? Yeah, it's like one of those Like we were talking about mosaic or like a Yeah, we're talking about mosaic. I don't know if it was mosaic or which product it was One of our crush. Oh nice jake, uh, my arsenic Uh, three color patch and auto to 10 No, no someone submitted. I don't know if it was mosaic. I want to say it is though Submitted so he's like dude, dude.  That's bad He's like, I don't know man PSA people are crazy He's like, I thought it looked good But people were wondering have you heard anything about that someone was saying that like I never noticed it, but on the back of the mosaic part is always line Yeah They were saying that like is a PSA and them like kind of like Worrying about that because that's not like somebody's fault. Like that's just kind of the way it is That's what I'm saying.   All right. These are the t206 cards. These are awesome So what are we actually looking for here? They're just like rookies or something. Yeah, they're short friends for keys I mean Ruth looks pretty cool We'll look these up rookies Murphy seager my trout Gavin Lux web Wow, we got a one of one No, yeah, it is one of one. Johnny bench Look at that. I think we actually have tobacco holders too That's cool Look Johnny bench one of one for the reds Uh adam harper.  Um, just show it. Oh, I didn't want it to get it. Yeah, Aaron judge from archives. All rise poster You got colons. All right, so we'll just kind of see the little rookies here Dude's plays are right over the math. I'm gonna read. Oh, he slipped He hit on his lining. Oh, he's still computer All right, that was cool. We've got a one-on-one out of there. So I'm completely back All right, this is a blaster. I believe series two 2019 like Jeff Bagwell thermometer patch Astros about one. Oh, we got it. Oh, man I know he got hit right in the right way. He's kind of wincing He was if he said he has some kind of step-up he gets that throw Nick martini Max munze Yeah, I'm not sure what it's worth either actually When did this stuff come out? What the t206? I feel like I've never seen it though. Like it wasn't it's not online. Oh, okay. Tatis. There you go Very very nice Padres look at that Oliver very nice Lakers postponed their their celebrations We figure although I still felt like they were still gonna do something Yeah, it was crazy when I was throwing fireworks in the middle of all the crowds um I was like they should they should uh They should like do it like at a fair fairground or something have like people drive through to see them or something Yeah, I've seen those rapes where they do They put those metal fences. Yeah.  Yeah, they'll find a way though. I'm sure Then again, people are still crazy people still like Build nuts in the streets No, yeah, I figure well, obviously, yeah, it's close to what could do to covid but you gotta figure out something I'm sure they're gonna want to still celebrate and have a parade Plutco I flip these and then they're like straight, but then it goes back to 150s Jeffries And cool. All right. Well, hey success. You got a tetease This is part of this Time of Domingo Leyva. Oh, that looks nice at a 99 Arizona Diamondbacks going to Adam Harper Yeah, it could be set up that way jr if the Dodgers were to make it and actually win it this year. That'd be cool boba shed Dylan cease trout and we got a Diago Really at them. That's crazy See we're looking it up. So there's been other one-on-one sold. I figured there have to be Rock work little judge 1099 And we got a boba shed. Is this a patch auto 17 out of 25? It is very nice Look at that Toronto blue jays going to jacob. What's up? People sleep on this I know it actually has a lot of value just like every other product. Yeah Yeah, I was gonna say I don't know this one. I just need some more penny stays for now. Uh, yeah, I can both One 90s I guess. Yeah, yeah, one 90s. Yeah, they're only like four or five of those in each box I don't pay like an hour each probably Yeah There you go Very very nice It's right there I Make so lock Aaron judge Jordan boba shed and a Eloy Heminis Spectrum it's a 99 Gavin Lux Chris Bryant, that's a number Seven ninety-nine Mariccio Dubon Lux rookie Luis roberts are the limited Bryce Harper Number 250 Little Juan Soto right down the middle And Jake fraily Luis robert Out of 99 sort of relic there of nicolas costiano Yes, okay, that's what I was wondering. Did they actually announce what happened to him because he wasn't five with a teammate I think you still hurt. Well, yeah, but not Yeah, and it wasn't due to injury He seemed to that kind of guy He's like, I mean he's good like he's but he's like coffee Maybe yeah, maybe somebody said something to him. He's probably like certified with him So There you go, Brian's interested out of So three to six hundred bucks for other one-on-ones and that's set. That's pretty strong You got to figure then you'd have to look at like older players like in benches arrows that are in this set to kind of figure out What's close? But obviously Oh, they have different serious Series one They made it's because it's on demand so they print however many people You know, I Got enough the first series made less boxes All right All right some archives Here's the autograph first one you have bernie carbo for the red socks Oh That guy Yeah, I want to say that sounds familiar though, but I know who you're talking about He was like pretty good actually he was right before Katrina had to What was his name? Did they're like Joe horn? Yeah, that's right. Joe horn and big poppy Did you remember that guys? Who was the quarterback before the breweries got there? 20 gonsola. It's blanking me right now Manny sanghian Carter brooks. I really am Yeah Yeah, brooks. That's right. Aaron brooks your dog Yeah, he was pretty mobile and everything Yeah, he wasn't bad For a fourth round bag. Yeah He's in the same tall thing. Joe. Joe horn ever Joe horn. Yeah, do you remember he did a cell phone thing? He busted out like the flip phone So lack Celebrations are so much better back there. I know and they got in trouble for them. But it was like the best thing Yeah meteor The millville meteor Mike trough Now they just feel like you're talking. It's just Gavin Lux Will Smith Lily Castro first base Robbie Bradley tonight and I for the Indians Air your dog that's a good one right there Nice, we guess they'll do that tonight man. We've got to sell those spots straight up And sell out that last filler which we still have plenty of time guys Louise Robert Nico We got Lucas Gio Lido to 174 All right, next one guys, this is finest flashbacks Freddie Freeman, uh, JR. What do you mean? You can't see me man. Maybe refresh Um, I have the window open on my end over here and everything looks okay. Everybody else can still see me All right, this is finest flashbacks All right, it might just be on your rngr Maybe just refresh or something More more likely than that.  Yeah, you having lunch and how studio is your silver? or Say your uh refractor Tati's Robelle Garcia And Anthony Rendon Number to 25 for the angels I'm gonna Tom Jones. There you go, man. Jake Rogers. I'm gonna go back and penny-state all the rookies Forget this.  You have the Cleveland Indians that you got from hangar 14 It looks like and I think that's it, right? That's the one you're looking for hangar 14 We'll leave the rest of those there. All right, let's go with this Donner's box and get that out of the way Alex killer off that's a very nice writer prospect to 999 Sam Hillier Nolan Arnato Oh Arstubis Aquino, they're a nice signature series adam harper with that one Boba shat a little justin foe school Marcus open polar bear Oh He the long though Anthony Rendon and kind of sticking up there a little bit right there you see that just the way it came out Okay bets for Boston Gary Sanchez You Chang one honey Okay And Jordan y'all I'm also tonight I Dominators Raphael Devers So Another retoshkins keeping it 102 just All right, let's go here guys, this is tops chrome Tops chrome 2019 I want to say Berrios refractor and we got an orange Cedric Mullins rookie autograph for the Orioles going to Greg 16 out of 25 Catten a starling Castro Coby Euler Jake Bowers Eloy heaven as Walker Bueller and a negative JD Martinez I Christian Stewart Peter Lonzo All right, I believe this is a new year tops chrome, right? Yes, it's 2020 tops chrome Masahiro Tanaka 99 Manny Machado with a prism Zach Collins refractor So First one set the brown Luis Robert base there you go grade that pretty much paced for the mixer spot There you go Chris Jordan and Willie Castro for Detroit. It's trademark of Mike. Now how's Detroit? Tatsu second year Yes All right, these are also the leaf ultimate boxes here So this will go by the checklist first if not to go to the teams that they're currently on so Colin barber 15 of 15 You have a redemption here And it is Jonathan Losiega flashbacks from leaf 1990 auto card. So that's just to be one of the Yankees. I want to say We have Tucker Davidson We have Michael Bush. That should be Dodgers We have Glenn Allen Hill jr. Which I want to say that's Arizona And adley ruchman, there you go. That's for the uh, Baltimore Orioles going to Greg Very nice Number one overall pick in 2019. All right guys few boxes left. Um This looks like sublux Last time you saw All right guys and we'll leave that sapphire box right there This looks like bowman. Not sure if it's bowman hobby or chrome. Let me see Or bowman jumbo. So this bowman jumbo, I believe. Yes Good luck Got andy pages So I Was Robert rookie And Apostle a little speckle to 299 first for Texas that's going to Zach Paul Hi Jarrah, it's my boy right there, Justin Herbert Pro Duck, Go Ducks Gajarski, Robert Crone paper and Lake Rutherford to 50 Jesus Lizardo, Bayron We had a 101 in the T206 boxes, little Johnny Bench 101 Tatis, series 2 rookie And Benia, for the Astros I'm glad that I was able to hoard some older boxes in my sister's garage So I went back to clean out some stuff that I had left there a couple years back I found some old 2017 and 16 Elite Extra Edition series I found some old 2017 Bowman Megabase first and rookies and stuff Well I found some really good stuff there Let's just say that Found some Pete Alonzo, Elite Autographs, Tatis Dustin May was in there Found some Ronald Acuna Mega Bowman Crone first I was like whoa, Ronald Acuna Jr. Okay, I know that guy now The thing is about Walter Franco is that he is still pretty young, isn't he? Like he's younger than Tatis Yeah, Walter Franco still just turned 19 And Tatis Jr. is already going to be 22 So he's a couple years older than him And Wander is still getting talked about I mean if this was probably a full season, he would have called up at some point You know, but Tampa Bay, man, the future is looking good for them, right? Especially when they add someone like Wander there in the future Nice That's right Jess, it's a good idea, man Alright, let's go with that Bowman's vest And then we have some select baseball looks like Eli Hamenez and Will Wilson, gold, number 250 For TJ and the Angels Tatis Little die cut Eli Hamenez Ronald Acuna Jr. And Nolan Gorman There's Wander Franco Josh Jung Hanson Riley I think he just hit a home run, I heard someone say And TJ Abrams, Mitch Keller Alright guys, two more boxes And this is the last one here at Sapphire Heal Lanzo Yeah, Arce de Zacchino Little Relic Trent Thompson $1.99 Maricio Duvall, $2.99 Domingo Leyva James Paxton Maricio Duvall Silver Lucas Gelido Little Crack Dice And Dylan Cease to $2.09 Matt Chapman And Joe Palombo to $1.99 Nice Ah, we got a shout out to Nick, man If Nick wasn't here, this break would have took like an hour and a half The 57 minute mark, so Pretty strong, pretty good Alright guys, we're done, last box, Sapphire Nick was saying that Randy Orozarena's base sapphires are going between $4 to $500 now Pretty much paced for the box, so good luck, Zac Good luck Luis Severino The 25, don't worry, Reza, we're gonna do it, man No worries Do not worry about that, man We got a redemption, ooh Ooh, I know who's a redemption in this Wade Junior No Jess, think of a Think of a rookie that placed for the Chicago White Sox He is one of the redemptions, there's multiple redemption players, but He is one of them Yeah, would that be a great way to end it out They still have what they do, at first look at the state As you spot it, might be able to win But this really benefits the Chargers, no matter what the drawing ends up being Because they have time now to talk about what they want to do Maybe come to a place in the huddle, talk to the sideline They'll go to a place in the huddle and say, hey, reminders, protection, house This is a real benefit for the office Alright guys, good luck, let's see who this is I'm gonna use Lorenzen As a little filler for me Alright That's right, EA Harvard, baby, there's my boy right there A rookie autograph Of No, it's Trent Grisham Alright, it's still a good one though, not bad Padre is going to Oliver, there you go And there you go guys, that was the mixer There was a ton of stuff that popped out of here guys Really really nice stuff, a lot of value of course Some nice little autos Luis Robert there, little Cedric Mons, Aaron Judge Gold, Tatees Little 101, Johnny Bench, Boba Chef, Hatch Auto Soler, Abby Ruchman A lot of nice stuff guys, appreciated this with a 17 box Right out of the park, baseball mixer on jaskyscasebreaks.com


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Russia loses almost half of its combat capability in Ukraine. The Russian army has lost almost half of its fighting capacity in Ukraine, including tank losses amounting to about 2,500 units. Anthony Radikin, chief of the British Defence Staff, said it. Russia has lost nearly half the combat effectiveness of its army. Last year it fired 10 million artillery shells, but at best can produce 1 million shells a year. Radikin lost 2,500 tanks and at best can produce 200 new tanks a year, he added. Radikin said that the high density of Russian minefields, a lack of Ukrainian air cover and lack of military equipment requested by Kyiv have complicated the counter-offensive campaign according to the Financial Times. At the same time, Radikin noted, it was unfair to tie Ukrainian offensive actions to a certain time and that the counter-offensive is a set of measures. Meanwhile, he defended Ukraine's counter-offensive which has been criticised for not making enough progress. Radikin said Kyiv's strategy to starve, stretch and strike is gradually eroding Russia's defences, though he acknowledged that Russian mines as well as Ukraine's insufficient air defences and lack of certain equipment it requested have weighed on operations.