10 The Rose of Fire On we flew, drawn by the mighty current, till at last I noticed that the sound of the water was not half so deafening as it had been, and concluded that this must be because there was more room for the echoes to disperse in. I could now hear Alphonse's howls much more distinctly. They were made up of the oddest mixture of invocations to the supreme power and the name of his beloved Annette that it is possible to conceive. And in short, though their evident earnestness saved them from profanity, were, to say the least, very remarkable. Taking up a paddle I managed to drive it into his ribs, whereon he, thinking that the end had come, howled louder than ever. Then I slowly and cautiously raised myself on my knees, and stretched my hand upwards, but could touch no roof. Next I took the paddle, and lifted it above my head as high as I could, but with the same result. I also thrust it out laterally to the right and left, but could touch nothing except water. Then I bethought me that there was in the boat, amongst our other remaining possessions, a bullseye lantern and a tin of oil. I groped about and found it, and having a match on me carefully lit it, and as soon as the flame had got a hold of the wick I turned it on down the boat. As it happened the first thing the light lit on was the white and scared face of Alphonse, who, thinking that it was all over at last, and that he was witnessing a preliminary celestial phenomenon, gave a terrific yell, and was with difficulty reassured with the paddle. As for the other three, good was lying on the flat of his back, his eyeglass still fixed in his eye, and gazing blankly into the upper darkness. Sir Henry had his head resting on the thwarts of the canoe, and with his hand was trying to test the speed of the water. But when the beam of light fell upon Oldham Slopogos I could really have laughed. I think I have said that we had put a roast quarter of water-buck into the canoe. Well it so happened that when we all prostrated ourselves to avoid being swept out of the boat and into the water by the rock roof, Oldham Slopogos's head had come down uncommonly near this roast-buck, and so soon as he had recovered a little from the first shock of our position it occurred to him that he was hungry. Thereupon he coolly cut off a chop within Cossicas, and was now employed in eating it with every appearance of satisfaction. As he afterward explained, he thought that he was going on a long journey, and preferred to start on a full stomach. It reminded me of the people who are going to be hanged, and who are generally reported in the English Daily Papers to have made an excellent breakfast. As soon as the others saw that I had managed to light the lamp, we bundled Alphonse into the farther end of the canoe with a threat which calmed him down wonderfully, that if he would insist upon making the darkness hideous with his cries we would put him out of suspense by sending him to join the wakwafi, and wait for Annette in another sphere, and began to discuss the situation as well as we could. First however, in good suggestion we bound two paddles, mast fashion, in the bows, so that they might give us warning against any sudden lowering of the roof of the cave or waterway. It was clear to us that we were in an underground river, or as Alphonse defined it, main drain, which carried off the superfluous waters of the lake. Such rivers are well known to exist in many parts of the world, but it has not often been the evil fortune of explorers to travel by them. That the river was wide we could clearly see, for the light from the bullseye lantern failed to reach from shore to shore, although occasionally when the current swept us either to one side or the other we could distinguish the rock wall of the tunnel, which as far as we could make out appeared to arch about twenty-five feet above our heads. As for the current itself, it ran, good estimated, at least eight knots, and fortunately for us was, as is usual, fiercest in the middle of the stream. Still, our first act was to arrange that one of us, with the lantern and a pole there was in the canoe, should always be in the bows, ready, if possible, to prevent us from being stove in against the side of the cave or any projecting rock. Umslopogas, having already dined, took the first turn. This was absolutely, with one exception, all that we could do towards preserving our safety. The exception was that another of us took up a position in the stern with a paddle, by means of which it was possible to steer the canoe more or less, and to keep her from the sides of the cave. These matters attended to we made a somewhat sparing meal off the cold buck's meat, for we did not know how long it might have to last us. And then, feeling in rather better spirits, I gave my opinion that, serious as it undoubtedly was, I did not consider our position altogether without hope, unless indeed the natives were right and the river plunged straight down into the bowels of the earth. If not, it was clear that it must emerge somewhere, probably in the other side of the mountains, and in that case all we had to think of was to keep ourselves alive till we got there, wherever there might be. But of course, as Good Gubriously pointed out, on the other hand we might fall victims to a hundred unsuspected horrors, or the river might go on winding away inside the earth till it dried up, in which case our fate would indeed be an awful one. Well, let us hope for the best, and prepare ourselves for the worst, said Sir Henry, who is always cheerful and even spirited, a very tower of strength in the time of trouble. We have come out of so many queer scrapes together that somehow I almost fancy we shall come out of this, he added. This was excellent advice, and we proceeded to take it each in our separate way, that is, except Alphonse, who had by now sunk into a sort of terrified stupor. Good was at the helm, and Umslobogas in the bows, so there was nothing left for Sir Henry and myself to do except to lie down in the canoe and think. It certainly was a curious, and indeed almost a weird, position to be placed in, rushing along, as we were, through the bowels of the earth, born on the bosom of a Stygian river, something after the fashion of souls being ferried by Karen, as Curtis said. And how dark it was, the feeble ray from our little lamp did but serve to show the darkness. There in the bows set Umslobogas like pleasure in the poem. And note, Mr. Alan Quattermayne misquotes, pleasure sat at the helm. Editor. Watchful and untiring, the pole ready to his hand, and behind in the shadow I could just make out the form of good peering forward at the ray of light in order to make out how to steer with the paddle that he held, and now and again dipped into the water. Well, well, thought I, you have come in search of adventures, Alan, my boy, and you have certainly got them.  But somehow you are not and awful as it all is. Perhaps you will pull through after all. And if you don't, why you cannot help it, you see. And when all's said and done, an underground river will make a very appropriate burying place. At first, however, I am bound to say that the strain upon the nerves was very great. It is trying to the coolest and most experienced person, not to know from one hour to another if he has five minutes more to live. But there is nothing in this world that one cannot get accustomed to, and in time we began to get accustomed even to that. And after all, our anxiety, though no doubt natural, was, strictly speaking, illogical, seeing that we never know what is going to happen to us the next minute, even when we sit in a well-drained house with two policemen patrolling under the window, nor how long we have to live. It is all arranged for us, my sons, so what is the use of bothering? It was nearly midday when we made our dive into darkness, and we had set our watch, good and umslopogas, at two, having agreed that it should be of a duration of five hours. At seven o'clock, accordingly, Sir Henry and I went on. Sir Henry at the bow, and I at the stern. And the other two lay down and went to sleep. For three hours all went well. Sir Henry only finding it necessary once to push us off from the side. And I, but little steering was required to keep us straight. As the violent current did all that was needed, though occasionally the canoe showed a tendency which had to be guarded against to veer and travel broadside on. What struck me as the most curious thing about this wonderful river was how did the air keep fresh? It was muggy and thick, no doubt, but still not sufficiently so to render it bad or even remarkably unpleasant. The only explanation that I can suggest is that the water of the lake had sufficient air in it to keep the atmosphere of the tunnel from absolute stagnation, this air being given out as it proceeded on its headlong way. Of course I only give the solution of the mystery for what it is worth, which perhaps is not much. When I had been for three hours or so at the helm I began to notice a decided change in the temperature which was getting warmer. At first I took no notice of it, but when at the expiration of another half hour I found that it was getting hotter and hotter I called to Sir Henry and asked him if he noticed it, or if it was only my imagination. Noticed it, he answered, I should think so. I am in a sort of Turkish bath. Just about then the others woke up gasping, and were obliged to begin to discard their clothes. Here Umslobogas had the advantage, for he did not wear any to speak of, except a mocha. Hotter it grew, and hotter yet, till at last we could scarcely breathe and the perspiration poured out of us. Half an hour more, and though we were all now stark naked we could hardly bear it. The place was like an anti-chamber of the infernal regions proper. I dipped my hand into the water and droid out almost with a cry. It was nearly boiling. We consulted a little thermometer we had. The mercury stood at one hundred twenty-three degrees. From the surface of the water rose a dense cloud of steam. Alphonse groaned out that we were already in purgatory, which indeed we were, though not in the sense that he meant it. Sir Henry suggested that we must be passing near the seat of some underground volcanic fire, and I am inclined to think, especially in light of what subsequently occurred, that he was right. Our sufferings, for some time after this, really passed my powers of description. We no longer perspired, for all the perspiration had been sweated out of us. We simply lay in the bottom of the boat, which we were now physically incapable of directing, feeling like hot embers, and I fancy undergoing very much the same sensations that the poor fish do when they are dying on land, namely that of slow suffocation. Our skins began to crack, and the blood to throb in our heads like the beating of a steam engine. This had been going on for some time, when suddenly the river turned a little, and I heard Sir Henry call out from the boughs in a hoarse, startled voice, and looking up saw a most wonderful and awful thing. About half a mile ahead of us, and a little to the left of the center of the stream, which we could now see was about 90 feet broad, a huge pillar-like jet of almost white flame rose from the surface of the water and sprang 50 feet into the air, when it struck the roof and spread out some 40 feet in diameter, falling back and curved sheets of fire shaped like the petals of a full-blown rose. Indeed this awful gas jet resembled nothing so much as a great flaming flower rising out of the black water. Below was the straight stalk, a foot or more thick, and above the dreadful bloom, and as for the fearfulness of it and its fierce and awesome beauty, who can describe it? Certainly I cannot. Though we were now some 500 yards away, it, notwithstanding the steam, lit up the whole cavern as clear as day, and we could see that the roof was here about 40 feet above us, and washed perfectly smooth with water. The rock was black, and here and there I could make out long shining lines of ore running through it like great veins. But of what metal they were I know not. Then we rushed towards this pillar of fire, which gleaned fiercer than any furnace ever lit by man. Keep the boat to the right, quatermane, to the right, shodded Sir Henry. And a minute afterwards I saw him fall forward senseless. Alphonse had already gone. Good was the next to go. There they lay, as though dead. Only Umslopogos and I kept our senses. We were within fifty yards of it now. And I saw the Zulu's head fall forward on his hands. He had gone, too, and I was alone. I could not breathe. The fierce heat dried me up. For yards and yards round the great rows of fire the rock roof was red-hot. The wood of the boat was almost burning. I saw the feathers on one of the dead swans begin to twist and shrivel up, but I would not give in. I knew that if I did we should pass within three or four yards of the gas jet and perish miserably. I set the paddle so as to turn the canoe as far from it as possible and held on grimly. My eyes seemed to be bursting from my head, and through my closed lids I could see the fierce light. We were nearly opposite now. It roared like all the fires of hell, and the water boiled furiously around it. Five seconds more. We were past. I heard the roar behind me. Then I, too, fell senseless. The next thing that I recollect is feeling a breath of air upon my face. My eyes opened with great difficulty. I looked up. Far above me there was light, though around me was great gloom. Then I remembered and looked. The canoe still floated down the river, and in the bottom of it lay the naked forms of my companions. Were they dead, I wondered. Was I left alone in this awful place? I knew not. Next I became conscious of a burning thirst. I put my hand over the edge of the boat into the water and drew it up again with a cry. No wonder nearly all the skin was burnt off the back of it. The water, however, was cold, or nearly so, and I drank pints and splashed myself all over.  But where I was burnt the touch of it caused intense pain. Then I betought myself of the others, and dragging myself towards them with difficulty I sprinkled them with water, and to my joy they began to recover. Umslopo gas first, then the others. Next they drank, absorbing water like so many sponges. Then feeling chilly, a queer contrast to our recent sensations. She began as best we could to get into our clothes. As we did so good pointed to the port side of the canoe. It was all blistered with heat, and in places actually charred. Had it been built like our civilized boats, good said that the planks would certainly have warped and led in enough water to sink us. But fortunately it was dug out of the soft willowy wood of a single great tree, and had sides nearly three inches and a bottom four inches thick. What that awful flame was we never discovered. But I suppose that there was at this spot a crack or hole in the bed of the river, through which a vast volume of gas forced its way from its volcanic home in the bowels of the earth towards the upper air. How it first became ignited is, of course, impossible to say. Probably I should think, from some spontaneous explosion of mephitic gases. As soon as we had got some things together, and shaken ourselves together a little, we set to work to make out where we were now. I have said that there was light above, and on examination we found that it came from the sky. Our river that was, Sir Henry said, a literal realization of the wild vision of the poet. And note, where alf the sacred river ran through Cavern's measureless to man, down to a sunless sea, was no longer underground, but was running on its darksome way, not now through Cavern's measureless to man, but between two frightful cliffs, which cannot have been less than two thousand feet high. So high were they indeed, that though the sky was above us, where we were was dense gloom, not darkness indeed, but the gloom of a room closely shuttered in the daytime. Up on either side rose the great, straight cliffs, grim and forbidding, till the eye grew dizzy with trying to measure their sheer height. The little space of sky that marked where they ended lay like a thread of blue upon their soaring blackness, which was unrelieved by any tree or creeper. Here and there, however, grew ghostly patches of a long gray lichen, hanging motionless to the rock as the white beard to the chin of a dead man. It seemed as though only the dregs, or heavier part of the light, had sunk to the bottom of this awful place. No bright-winged sunbeam could fall so low. They died far, far above our heads. By the river's edge was a little shore, formed of round fragments of rock, washed into this shape by the constant action of water, and giving the place the appearance of being strewn with thousands of fossil cannonballs. Evidently, when the water of the underground river is high, there is no beach at all, or very little, between the border of the stream and the precipitous cliffs. But now there was a space of seven or eight yards. And here on this beach we determined to land, in order to rest ourselves a little after all that we had gone through, and to stretch our limbs. It was a dreadful place, but it would give an hour's respite from the terrors of the river, and also allow of our repacking and arranging the canoe. Accordingly we selected what looked like a favorable spot, and with some little difficulty, managed to beach the canoe and scramble out onto the round inhospitable pebbles. My word, called out good, who was on shore the first, what an awful place! It's enough to give one a fit, and he laughed. Instantly a thundering voice took up his words, magnifying them a hundred times. Give one a fit! Ho, ho, ho! A fit! Ho, ho, ho! Answered another voice in wild accents from far up the cliff. A fit! A fit! A fit! Chimed in voice after voice, each flinging the words to and fro with shouts of awful laughter to the invisible lips of the other, till the whole place echoed with the words and with shrieks of fiendish merriment, which at last ceased as suddenly as they had begun. Oh, mon dieu! yelled Alphonse, startled quite out of such self-command as he possessed. Mon dieu! Mon dieu! The titanic echoes thundered, shrieked, and wailed in every conceivable tone. Ah, said Umslopagas calmly. I clearly perceive that devils live here. Well, the place looks like it. I tried to explain to him that the cause of all the hubbub was a very remarkable and interesting echo, but he would not believe it. Ah, he said. I know an echo when I hear one. There was one lived opposite my corral in Zululan. And the Itombi's maidens used to talk with it. But if what we hear is a full-grown echo, mine at home can only have been a baby. No, no, they are devils up there. But I don't think much of them, though, he added, taking a pinch of snuff. They can copy what one says, but they don't seem to be able to talk on their own account, and they dare not show their faces. And he relapsed into silence and apparently paid no further attention to such contemptible fiends. After this we found it necessary to keep our conversation down to a whisper, for it was really unbearable to have every word one uttered toss to and fro like a tennis-ball, as precipice call to precipice. But even our whispers ran up the rocks in mysterious murmurs till at last they died away in long-drawn size of sound. Echoes are delightful and romantic things, but we had more than enough of them in that dreadful gulf. As soon as we had settled ourselves a little on the round stones we went on to wash and dress our burns as well as we could. As we had but a little oil for the lantern we could not spare any for this purpose, so we skinned one of the swans and used the fat off its breast which proved an excellent substitute. Then we repacked the canoe and finally began to take some food, of which I need scarcely say we were in need, for our insensibility had endured for many hours, and it was, as our watches showed, midday. Finally we seated ourselves in a circle and were soon engaged in discussing our cold meat with such appetite as we could muster, which in my case at any rate was not much, as I felt sick and faint after my sufferings of the previous night, and had besides a racking headache. It was a curious meal. The gloom was so intense that we could scarcely see the way to cut our food and convey it to our mouths. Still we got on pretty well till I happened to look behind me, my attention being attracted by a noise of something crawling over the stones, and perceived sitting upon a rock in my immediate rear a huge species of black freshwater crab, only it was five times the size of any crab I ever saw. This hideous and loathsome-looking animal had projecting eyes that seemed to glare at one, very long and flexible antennae, or fielders, and gigantic claws. Nor was I especially favored with its company. From every quarter dozens of these horrid brutes were creeping up, drawn I suppose by the smell of the food, from between the round stones and out of holes in the precipice. Some were already quite close to us. I stared quite fascinated by the unusual sight, and as I did so I saw one of the beasts stretch out its huge claw and give the unsuspecting good such a nip behind that he jumped up with a howl and set the wild echoes flying in sober earnest. Just then, too, another, a very large one, got hold of Alphonse's leg and declined to part with it, and as may be imagined, a considerable scene ensued. Umslobogas took his axe and cracked the shell of one with the flat of it, whereupon it set up a horrid screaming which the echoes multiplied a thousandfold, and began to foam it the mouth, a proceeding that drew hundreds more of its friends out of unsuspected holes and corners. Those on the spot, perceiving that the animal was hurt, fell upon it like creditors on a bankrupt, and literally rented limb from limb with their huge pincers and devoured it, using their claws to convey the fragments to their mouths. Seizing whatever weapons were handy, such as stones or paddles, we commenced to war upon the monsters, whose numbers were increasing by leaps and bounds, and whose stench was overpowering. So fast as we cracked their armor, others seized the injured ones and devoured them, foaming at the mouth and screaming as they did so. Nor did the brute stop at that. When they could, they nipped hold of us, and awful nips they were, or tried to steal the meat. One enormous fellow got hold of the swan we had skinned and began to drag it off.  How the monsters foamed and screamed and rent the flesh and each other. It was a sickening and unnatural sight, and one that will haunt all of us who saw it till their dying day, enacted as it was in the deep oppressive gloom, and set to the unceasing music of the many-toned, nerve-shaking echoes. Strange as it may seem to say so, there was something so shockingly human about these fiendish creatures. It was as though all the most evil passions and desires of man had got into the shell of a magnified crab and gone mad. They were so dreadfully courageous and intelligent, and they looked as if they understood. The whole scene might have furnished material for another canto of Dante's Inferno, as Curtis said. I say, you fellows, let's get out of this, or we shall all go off our heads, sung out good, and we were not slow to take the hint. Pushing the canoe, around which the animals were now crawling by hundreds and making vain attempts to climb, off the rocks we bundled into it and got out into mid-stream, leaving behind us the fragments of our meal and the screaming, foaming, stinking mass of monsters in full possession of the ground. Those are the devils of the place, said Umslopagas, with the error of one who has solved a problem, and upon my word I felt almost inclined to agree with him. Umslopagas's remarks were like his acts, very much to the point. Watch to be done next, asked Sir Henry blankly. Drift, I suppose, I answered, and we drifted accordingly. All the afternoon and well into the evening we floated on in the gloom beneath the far-off line of blue sky, scarcely knowing when day ended and night began. For down in that vast gulf the difference was not marked. While at length Good pointed out a star hanging right above us, which having nothing better to do, we observed with great interest. Suddenly it vanished, the darkness became intense, and a familiar murmuring sound filled the air. "'Underground again,' I said with a groan, holding up the lamp. Yes, there was no doubt about it. I could just make out the roof. The chasm had come to an end, and the tunnel had recommenced. And then there began another long, long night of danger and horror. To describe all its incidents would be too wearisome. So I will simply say that about midnight we struck on a flat projecting rock in midstream, and where as nearly as possible overturned and rounded. However, at last we got off and went upon the uneven tenor of our way. And so the hours passed till it was nearly three o'clock. Sir Henry, Good, and Alphonse were asleep, utterly worn out. Umslopogos was at the bow with the pole, and I was steering. When I perceived that the rate at which we were traveling had perceptibly increased, then suddenly I heard Umslopogos make an exclamation. And next second came a sound as of parting branches, and I became aware that the canoe was being forced through hanging bushes or creepers. Another minute and the breath of sweet open air fanned my face, and I felt that we had emerged from the tunnel and were floating upon clear water. I say felt, for I could see nothing, the darkness being absolutely pitchy, as it often is just before the dawn. But even this could scarcely damp my joy. We were out of that dreadful river, and wherever we might have got to, this at least was something to be thankful for. And so I sat down, and inhaled the sweet night air, and waited for the dawn with such patience as I could command. CHAPTER 11 THE FROWNING CITY For an hour or more I set waiting, Umslopogos having, meanwhile, gone to sleep also. Till at length the east turned gray, and huge misty shapes moved over the surface of the water like ghosts of long forgotten dawns. They were the vapors rising from their watery bed to greet the sun. Then the gray turned to primrose, and the primrose grew to red. Next glorious bars of light sprang up across the eastern sky, and through them the radiant messengers of the dawn came speeding upon their airowy way, scattering the ghostly vapors and awakening the mountains with a kiss, as they flew from range to range, and longitude to longitude. Another moment, and the golden gates were open, and the sun himself came forth as a bridegroom from his chamber, with pomp and glory, and a flashing as of ten million spears, and embraced the night, and covered her with brightness, and it was day. But as yet I could see nothing save the beautiful blue sky above, for over the water was a thick layer of mist exactly as though the whole surface had been covered with billows of cotton wool. By degrees, however, the sun sucked up the mists, and then I saw that we were afloat upon a glorious sheet of blue water of which I could not make out the shore. Some eight or ten miles behind us, however, there stretched as far as the eye could reach a range of precipitous hills that formed a retaining wall of the lake, and I have no doubt but that it was through some entrance in these hills that the subterranean river found its way into the open water. Indeed, I afterwards ascertained this to be the fact, and it will be some indication of the extraordinary strength and directness of the current of the mysterious river that the canoe even at this distance was still answering to it. Presently too, I, or rather Umslopogas, who woke up just then, discovered another indication, and a very unpleasant one it was. Perceiving some whitish object upon the water, Umslopogas called my attention to it, and with a few strokes of the paddle brought the canoe to the spot, whereupon we discovered that the object was the body of a man floating face downwards. This was bad enough, but imagine my horror when Umslopogas, having turned him onto his back with the paddle, we recognized in the sunken features the lineaments of, whom do you suppose, none other than our poor servant, who had been sucked down two days before in the waters of the subterranean river. It quite frightened me. I thought that we had left him behind forever, and behold, born by the current, he had made the awful journey with us, and with us had reached the end. His appearance also was dreadful, for he bore traces of having touched the pillar of fire, one arm being completely shriveled up, and all his hair being burnt off. The features were, as I have said, sunken, and yet they preserved upon them that awful look of despair that I had seen upon his living face as the poor fellow was sucked down. Really the sight unnerved me, weary and shaken as I felt with all that we had gone through, and I was heartily glad when suddenly, and without any warning, the body began to sink just as though it had had a mission, which, having been accomplished, it retired. The real reason, no doubt being that turning it on its back allowed a free passage to the gas. Down it went to the transparent depths, fathom after fathom we could trace its course till it last a long line of bright air bubbles, swiftly chasing each other to the surface, alone remained where it had passed. At length these two were gone, and that was an end of our poor servant. Umslopogas thoughtfully watched the body vanish. What did he follow us for? He asked, to an ill omen for thee and me, Makumizan. And he laughed. I turned on him angrily, for I dislike these unpleasant suggestions. If people have such ideas, they ought in common decency to keep them to themselves. I detest individuals who make on the subject of their disagreeable pre-sentiments, or who, when they dreamed that they saw one hanged as a common felon, or some such horror, will insist upon telling one all about it at breakfast, even if they have to get up early to do it. Just then, however, the others woke up and began to rejoice exceedingly at finding that we were out of that dreadful river and once more beneath the blue sky. Then followed a babble of talk and suggestions as to what we were to do next. The upshot of all of which was that, as we were excessively hungry, and had nothing whatsoever left to eat except a few scraps of bill-tongue, dried game-flesh, having abandoned all that remained of our provisions to those horrible freshwater crabs we determined to make for the shore. But a new difficulty arose. We did not know where the shore was, and with the exception of the cliffs through which the subterranean river made its entry could see nothing but a wide expanse of sparkling blue water. Observing, however, that the long flights of aquatic birds kept flying from our left, we concluded that they were advancing from their feeding grounds on shore to pass the day in the lake, and accordingly headed the boat towards the quarter whence they came and began to paddle. For long, however, a stiffish breeze sprang up, blowing directly in the direction we wanted. So we improvised a sail with a blanket and the pole, which took us along merrily. This done we devoured the remnants of our bill-tongue, washed down with the sweet lake-water, and then lit our pipes and awaited whatever might turn up. When we had been sailing for an hour, Good, who was searching the horizon with the spy-glass, suddenly announced joyfully that he saw land, and pointed out that, from the change in the color of the water, he thought we must be approaching the mouth of a river. In another minute we perceived a great golden dome, not unlike that of St. Paul's, piercing the morning mists, and while we were wondering what in the world it could be, Good reported another and still more important discovery, namely that a small sailing boat was advancing towards us. This bit of news, which we were very shortly able to verify with our own eyes, threw us under a considerable flutter. That the natives of this unknown lake should understand the art of sailing seemed to suggest that they possessed some degree of civilization. In a few more minutes it became evident that the occupant or occupants of the advancing boat had made us out. For a moment or two she hung in the wind as though in doubt, and then came tacking towards us with great swiftness. In ten more minutes she was within a hundred yards, and we saw that she was a neat little boat, not a canoe dug out, but built more or less in the European fashion, with planks, and carrying a singularly large sail for her size. But our attention was soon diverted from the boat to her crew, which consisted of a man and a woman nearly as white as ourselves. We stared at each other in amazement, thinking that we must be mistaken, but no, there was no doubt about it. They were not fair, but the two people in the boat were decidedly of a white as distinguished from a black race, as white, for instance, as Spaniards or Italians. It was a patent fact. So it was true, after all, and mysteriously led by a power beyond our own, we had discovered this wonderful people. I could have shouted for joy when I thought of the glory and the wonder of the thing. And as it was, we all shook hands and congratulated each other on the unexpected success of our wild search. All my life had I heard rumors of a white race that existed in the highlands of this vast continent, and longed to put them to the proof. And now here I saw it with my own eyes, and was dumbfounded. Truly, as Sir Henry said, the old Roman was right when he wrote, Ex-Africa Semper Alequid Novi, which he tells me means that out of Africa there always comes some new thing. The man in the boat was of a good but not particularly fine physique, and possessed straight black hair, regular aquiline features, and an intelligent face. He was dressed in a brown cloth garment, something like a flannel shirt without the sleeves, and an unmistakable kilt of the same material. The legs and feet were bare. Around the right arm and left leg he wore thick rings of yellow metal that I judged to be gold. The woman had a sweet face, wild and shy, with large eyes and curling brown hair. Her dress was made of the same material as the man's, and consisted, as we afterwards discovered, first of a linen undergarment that hung down to her knee, and then of a single long strip of cloth about four feet wide by fifteen long, which was wound round the body in graceful folds, and finally flung over the left shoulder so that the end, which was dyed blue or purple or some other color, according to the social standing of the wearer, hung down in front, the right arm and breast being, however, left quite bare. A more becoming dress, especially when, as in the present case, the wearer was young and pretty, it is quite impossible to conceive. Good, who has an eye for such things, was greatly struck with it, and so indeed was I. It was so simple and yet so effective. Meanwhile, if we had been astonished at the appearance of the man and woman, it was clear that they were far more astonished at us. As for the man, he appeared to be overcome with fear and wonder, and for a while hovered round our canoe but would not approach. At last, however, he came with inhaling distance, and called to us in a language that sounded soft and pleasing enough, but of which we could not understand one word. So we hailed back in English, French, Latin, Greek, German, Zulu, Dutch, Sisutu, Kukwana, and a few other native dialects that I am acquainted with. But our visitor did not understand any of these tongues. Indeed, they appeared to bewilder him. As for the lady, she was busily employed in taking stock of us, and Good was returning the compliment by staring at her hard through his eyeglass, a proceeding that she seemed rather to enjoy than otherwise.  As she passed across our bowels, the man turned to attend to the large sail. And Good promptly took the opportunity to kiss his hand to the young lady. I was horrified at this proceeding, both on general grounds and because I feared that she might take offense, but to my delight she did not. For our first glancing round and seeing that her husband or brother or whoever he was was engaged, she promptly kissed her's back. Ah, said I, it seems that we have at last found a language that the people of this country understand. In which case, said Sir Henry, Good will prove an invaluable interpreter. I frowned, for I do not approve of Good's frivolities, and he knows it. When I turned the conversation to more serious subjects, it is very clear to me, I said, that the man will be back before long with a host of his fellows, so we had best make up our minds as to how we are going to receive them. The question is how will they receive us, said Sir Henry. As for Good he made no remark, but began to extract a small square tin case that had accompanied us, in all our wanderings, from under a pile of baggage. Now we had often remonstrated with Good about this tin case, in as much as it had been an awkward thing to carry, and he had never given any very explicit account as to its contents, but he had insisted on keeping it, saying mysteriously that it might come in very useful one day. What on earth are you going to do, Good? asked Sir Henry. Do? Why address, of course. You don't expect me to appear in a new country in these things, do you? And he pointed to his soiled and worn garments, which were, however, like all Good's things, very tidy, and with every tear neatly mended. We said no more, but watched his proceedings with breathless interest. His first step was to get Alphonse, who was thoroughly competent in such matters, to trim his hair and beard in the most approved fashion. I think that if he had had some hot water and a cake of soap at hand he would have shaved off the latter, but he had not. This done he suggested that we should lower the sail of the canoe and all take a bath, which we did, greatly to the horror and astonishment of Alphonse, who lifted his hands and ejaculated that these English were indeed a wonderful people. Umslopogas, who, though he was, like most high-bred Zulus, scrupulously clean in his person, did not see the fun of swimming about in a lake. So regarded the proceeding with mild amusement. We got back into the canoe much refreshed by the cold water, and sat to dry in the sun, whilst Good undid his tin box, and produced first a beautiful clean white shirt, just as it had left a London steam laundry, and then some garments wrapped first in brown, then in white, and finally in silver paper. We watched this undoing with the tenderest interest and much speculation. One by one Good removed the dull husks that hid their splendors, carefully folding and replacing each piece of paper as he did so, and there at last lay in all the majesty of its golden epaulettes, lace and buttons, a commander of the Royal Navy's full dress uniform, dress sword, cocked hat, shiny patent leather boots and all. We literally gasped. What? We said. What? Are you going to put those things on? Certainly, he answered, composedly. You see, so much depends upon a first impression, especially, he added, as I observe that there are ladies about, one at least of us ought to be decently dressed. We said no more. We were simply dumbfounded, especially when we considered the artful way in which Good had concealed the contents of that box for all these months. Only one suggestion did we make, namely, that he should wear his male shirt next to his skin. He replied that he feared it would spoil the set of his coat, now carefully spread in the sun, to take the creases out. But finally consented to this precautionary measure. The most amusing part of the affair, however, was to see Old Umslopogos's astonishment and Alphonse's delight at Good's transformation. When at last he stood up in all his glory, even down to the metals on his breast, and contemplated himself in the still waters of the lake, after the fashion of the young gentleman in ancient history, whose name I cannot remember, but who fell in love with his own shadow, the old Zulu could no longer restrain his feelings. Oh, buguan! he said. Oh, buguan!  And now thou art like a blue jay when he spreads his tail out. Finally buguan! it hurts my eyes to look at thee. Good did not much like this allusion to his fat, which to tell the truth was not very well deserved, for hard exercise had brought him down three inches. But on the whole he was quite pleased at Umslopogos's admiration. As for Alphonse, he was quite delighted. Ah! Monsieur has the beautiful air, the air of the warrior. It is the ladies who will say so when we come to get ashore. Monsieur is complete. He puts me in mind of my heroic grand. Here we stopped Alphonse. As we gazed upon the beauties thus revealed by good, a spirit of emulation filled our breasts, and we set to work to get ourselves up as well as we could. The most, however, that we were able to do was to array ourselves in our spare suits of shooting clothes, of which we each had several. All the fine clothes in the world could never make it otherwise than scrubby and insignificant. But Sir Henry looked what he is—a magnificent man in his nearly new tweed suit, gators, and boots. Alphonse also got himself up to kill, giving an extra turn to his enormous mustaches. Even Oldum Slopogas, who is not in a general way given to the vein adorning of his body, took some oil out of the lantern and a bit of toe, and polished up his headring with it till it shone like Good's patent leather boots. Then he put on the male shirts Sir Henry had given him, and his muga, and having cleaned up in Kosikas a little, stood forth complete. All this while, having hoisted to sail again as soon as we had finished bathing, we had been progressing steadily for the land, or rather for the mouth of a great river. Presently, in all about an hour and a half after the little boat had left us, we saw emerging from the river or harbor a large number of boats, ranging up to ten or twelve tons, burden. One of these was propelled by twenty-four oars, and most of the rest sailed. Looking through the glass, we soon made out that the rowboat was an official vessel, her crew being all dressed in a sort of uniform.  The other boats were apparently occupied by people brought out by curiosity, and were rowing or sailing towards us as quickly as they could. Now, for it, said I, what is the betting? Are they going to be friendly, or to put an end to us? They could answer this question, and not liking the warlike appearance of the old gentleman and his sword, we felt a little anxious. Just then Good spied a school of hippopotamia on the water about two hundred yards off us, and suggested that it would not be a bad plan to impress the natives with a sense of our power by shooting some of them, if possible. This, unluckily enough, struck us as a good idea, and accordingly we at once got out our eight bore rifles, for which we still had a few cartridges left, and prepared for action. There were four of the animals, a big bull, a cow, and two young ones, one three parts grown. We got up to them without difficulty, the great animals contending themselves with sinking down into the water, and rising again a few yards farther on. Indeed, their excessive tameness struck me as being peculiar. When the advancing boats were about five hundred yards away, Sir Henry opened the ball by firing at the three parts grown young one. The heavy bullets struck it fair between the eyes, and crashing through the skull killed it, and it sank, leaving a long train of blood behind it. The same moment I fired at the cow, and good at the old bull. My shot took effect, but not fatally, and down with the hippopotamus with her prodigious splashing, only to rise again presently blowing and grunting furiously, dying all the water around her crimson, when I killed her with the left barrel. Good, who was an excruble shot, missed the head of the bull altogether, the bullet merely cutting the side of his face as it passed. On glancing up, after I had fired my second shot, I perceived that the people we had fallen among were evidently ignorant of the nature of firearms, for the consternation caused by our shots, and their effect upon the animals was prodigious. Some of the parties in the boats began to cry out in fear. Others turned, and made off as hard as they could, and even the old gentleman with the sword looked greatly puzzled and alarmed, and halted his big rowboat. We had, however, but little time for observation, for just then the old bull rendered furious by the wound he had received. Rosed fair within forty yards of us, glaring savagely. We all fired, and hit him in various places, and down he went, badly wounded. Everybody now began to overcome the fear of the onlookers, and some of them sailed on up close to us, amongst these being the man and the woman whom we had first seen a couple of hours or so before, who drew up almost alongside. Just then the great brute rose again within ten yards of their base, and instantly with a roar of fury made at it open mouth. The woman shrieked, and the man tried to give the boat away, but without success. In another second I saw the huge red jaws and gleaming ivories close with a crunch on the frail craft, taking an enormous mouthful out of its side and capsizing it. Down went the boat, leaving its occupants struggling in the water. Next moment, before we could do anything towards saving them, the huge and furious creature was up again, and making open mouth at the poor girl who was struggling in the water. Lifting my rifle just as the grinding jaws were about to close on her, I fired over her head right down the hippopotamus' throat. Over he went, and commenced turning round and round, snorting and blowing red streams of blood through his nostrils. Before he could recover himself, however, I let him have the other barrel in the side of the throat, and that finished him. He never moved or struggled again, but instantly sank. Our next effort was directed towards saving the girl, the man having swum off towards another boat. And in this we were fortunately successful, pulling her into the canoe amidst the shouts of the spectators, considerably exhausted and frightened, but otherwise unhurt. Meanwhile, the boats had gathered together at a distance, and we could see that the occupants, who were evidently much frightened, were consulting what to do. Without giving them time for further consideration, which we thought might result unfavorably to ourselves, we instantly took our paddles and advanced toward them, good standing in the bow and taking off his cocked hat politely in every direction, his amiable features suffused by a bland but intelligent smile. Most of the craft retreated as we advanced, but a few held their ground, while the big rowboat came on to meet us. Presently we were alongside, and I could see that our appearance, and especially goods and noobslobogasses, filled the venerable-looking commander with astonishment not unmixed with awe. He was dressed after the same fashion as the man we first met, except that his shirt was not made of brown cloth, but of pure white linen hemmed with purple. The kilt, however, was identical, and so were the thick rings of gold around the arm and beneath the left knee. The rowers were only a kilt. Their bodies being naked to the waist. Good took off his hat to the old gentleman with an extra flourish, and inquired after his health in the purest English to which he replied by laying the first two fingers of his right hand horizontally across his lips, and holding them there for a moment, which we took as his method of salutation. Then he also addressed some remarks to us, in the same soft accent that had distinguished our first interviewer, which we were forced to indicate we did not understand by shaking our heads and shrugging our shoulders. This last alphonse, being to the manner-born, did to perfection, and in so polite a way that nobody could take any offense. Then we came to a standstill, till I, being exceedingly hungry, thought I might as well call attention to the fact, and did so first by opening my mouth and pointing down it, then by rubbing my stomach. These signals the old gentleman clearly understood, for he nodded his head vigorously and pointed towards the harbor, and at the same time one of the men on his boat threw us a line and motioned to us to make it fast, which we did. The rowboat then took us in tow, and went with great rapidity towards the mouth of the river, accompanied by all the other boats. In about twenty minutes more we reached the entrance to the harbor, which was crowded with boats full of people who had come out to see us. We observed that all the occupants were more or less of the same type, though some were fairer than others. Indeed we noticed certain ladies whose skins was of a most dazzling whiteness, and the darkest shade of color which we saw was about that of a rather swarthy Spaniard. Presently the wide river gave a sweep, and when it did so an exclamation of astonishment and delight burst from our lips as we caught our first view of the place that we afterwards knew as Milosis, or the frowning city, from Mai, which means city, and Losis a frown. At a distance of some five hundred yards from the river's bank rose a sheer precipice of granite, two hundred feet or so in height, which had no doubt once formed the bank itself, the intermediate space of land now utilized as docks and roadways, having been gained by draining and deepening and embanking the stream. On the brow of this precipice stood a great building of the same granite that formed the cliff, built on three sides of a square, the fourth side being open, save for a kind of battlement pierced at its base by a little door. This imposing place we afterwards discovered was the palace of the Queen, or rather of the Queen's. At the back of the palace the town sloped gently upwards to a flashing building of white marble, crowned by the golden dome which we had already observed. The city was, with the exception of this one building, entirely built of red granite, and laid out in regular blocks with splendid roadways between. So far as we could see also the houses were all one-storied and detached, with gardens round them, which gave some relief to the eye wearied with the vista of red granite. At the back of the palace a road of extraordinary width stretched away up the hill for a distance of a mile-and-a-half or so, and appeared to terminate at an open space surrounding the gleaming building that crowned the hill. But right in front of us was the wonder and glory of mylosis. The great staircase of the palace, the magnificence of which took our breath away. Let the reader imagine, if he can, a splendid stairway, sixty-five feet from balustrade to balustrade, consisting of two vast flights, each of one hundred and twenty-five steps, of eight inches in height by three feet broad, connected by a flat resting place, sixty feet in length, and running from the palace wall on the edge of the precipice down to meet a waterway or canal cut to its foot from the river. This marvelous staircase was supported upon a single enormous granite arch, of which the resting place between the two flights formed the crown. That is, the connecting open space lay upon it. From this archway sprang a subsidiary flying arch, or rather something that resembled a flying arch in shape, such as none of us had seen in any other country, and of which the beauty and wonder surpassed all that we had ever imagined. Three hundred feet from point to point, and no less than five hundred and fifty round the curve, that half-arc sword touching the bridge it supported for a space of fifty feet only, one end resting on, and built into the parent archway, and the other embedded in the solid granite of the side of the precipice. This staircase, with its supports, was indeed a work of which any living man might have been proud, both on account of its magnitude and its surpassing beauty. Four times, as we afterwards learnt, did the work which was commenced in remote antiquity fail, and was then abandoned for three centuries when half finished, till at last there rose a youthful engineer named Radimas, who said that he would complete it successfully and stake his life upon it. If he failed he was to be hurtled from the precipice he had undertaken to scale. If he succeeded he was to be rewarded by the hand of the king's daughter. Five years was given to him to complete the work, and an unlimited supply of labor and material. Three times did his arch fall, till at last seeing failure to be inevitable he determined to commit suicide on the morrow of the third collapse. That night, however, a beautiful woman came to him in a dream and touched his forehead, and of a sudden he saw a vision of the completed work, and saw, too, through the masonry and how the difficulties connected with the flying arch that had hitherto baffled his genius were to be overcome. Then he awoke, and once more commenced the work but on a different plan, and behold, he achieved it, and on the last day of the five years he led the princess his bride up the stair and into the palace. And in due course he became king by right of his wife, and founded the present Zuvvendi dynasty, which is to this day called the House of the Stairway, thus proving once more how energy and talent are the natural stepping-stones to grandeur. And to commemorate his triumph he fashioned a statue of himself dreaming, and of the fair woman who touched him on the forehead, and placed it in the great hall of the palace, and there it stands to this day such was the great stair of Milosis, and such the city beyond. No wonder they named it the frowning city, for certainly those mighty works in solid granite did seem to frown down upon our littleness in their somber splendor. This was so even in the sunshine. But when the storm clouds gathered on her imperial brow, Milosis looked more like a supernatural dwelling-place, or some imagining of a poet's brain than what she is, a mortal city carved by the patient genius of generations out of the red silence of the mountain side. CHAPTER XII. THE SISTER QUEENS. The big rowing boat glided on up the cutting that ran almost to the foot of the vast stairway, and then halted at a flight of steps leading to the landing-place. Here the old gentleman disembarked, and invited us to do so likewise, which having no alternative, and being nearly starved, we did without hesitation, taking our rifles with us, however. As each of us landed, our guide again laid his fingers on his lips and bowed deeply, at the same time ordering back the crowd which had assembled to gaze on us. The last to leave the canoe was the girl we had picked out of the water, for whom her companion was waiting. Before she went away she kissed my hand, I suppose as a token of gratitude for having saved her from the fury of the hippopotamus. And it seemed to me that she had by this time quite got over any fear she might have had of us, and was by no means anxious to return in such a hurry to her lawful owners. At any rate she was going to kiss Good's hand as well as mine, when the young man interfered and led her off. As soon as we were on shore, a number of the men who had rode the big boat took possession of our few Good's in chattels, and started with them up the splendid staircase, our guide indicating to us by means of motions that the things were perfectly safe. This done he turned to the right and led the way to a small house which was, as I afterwards discovered, an inn. Entering into a good-sized room, we saw that a wooden table was already furnished with food, presumably in preparation for us. Here our guide motioned us to be seated on a bench that ran the length of the table. We did not require a second invitation, but at once fell too ravenously on the viands before us which were served on wooden platters and consisted of cold goat's flesh wrapped up in some kind of leaf that gave it a delicious flavor. Green vegetables resembling lettuces, brown bread, and red wine poured from a skin into horned mugs. This wine was particularly soft and good, having something of the flavor of burgundy. Twenty minutes after we sat down at that hospitable board we rose from it, feeling like new men. After all that we had gone through we needed two things, food and rest, and the food of itself was a great blessing to us. Two girls of the same charming cast of face as the first whom we had seen waited on us while we ate, and very nicely they did it. They were also dressed in the same fashion, namely in a white linen petticoat coming to the knee and with the toga-like garment of brown cloth leaving bare the right arm and breast. I afterwards found out that this was the national dress and regulated by an iron custom, though of course subject to variations. Thus if the petticoat was pure white it signified that the wearer was unmarried. If white with a straight purple stripe round the edge, that she was married and a first or legal wife. If with a black stripe that she was a widow. In the same way the toga, or calf as they called it, was of different shades of color from pure white to the deepest brown according to the rank of the wearer, and embroidered at the end in various ways. This also applies to the shirts or tunics worn by the men which varied in material and color, but the kilts were always the same except as regards quality. One thing, however, every man and woman in the country wore as the national insignia, and that was the thick band of gold round the right arm above the elbow and the left leg beneath the knee. People of high rank also wore a torque of gold round the neck, and I observed that our guide had one on. So soon as we had finished our meal, our venerable conductor, who had been standing all the while, regarding us with inquiring eyes and our guns with something as like fear as his pride would allow him to show, bowed towards good, whom he evidently took for the leader of the party on account of the splendor of his apparel, and once more led the way through the door and to the foot of the great staircase. Here we paused for a moment to admire two colossal lions, each hewn from a single block of pure black marble, and standing rampant on the terminations of the wide balustrades of the staircase. These lions are magnificently executed, and it is said we're sculpted by Radimas, the great prince who designed the staircase, and who was without doubt to judge from the many beautiful examples of his art that we saw afterwards, one of the finest sculptors who ever lived, either in this or any other country. Then we climbed almost with a feeling of awe up that splendid stare, a work executed for all time, and that will, I do not doubt, be admired thousands of years hence by generations unborn, unless an earthquake should throw it down. An oom slobogas, who as a general rule made it a point of honor not to show astonishment, which he considered undignified, was fairly startled out of himself, and asked if the bridge had been built by men or devils, which was his vague way of alluding to any supernatural power, but Alphonse did not care about it, its solid grandeur jarred upon the frivolous little Frenchman, who said that it was all tre magnifique ma triste, ah, triste, and went on to suggest that it would be improved if the balustrades were guilt. On we went up the first flight of one hundred and twenty steps across the broad platform joining it to the second flight, where we paused to admire the glorious view of one of the most beautiful stretches of country that the world can show, edged by the blue waters of the lake. Then we passed on up the stair, till at last we reached the top, where we found a large standing space to which there were three entrances, all of a small size. Two of these opened on to rather narrow galleries or roadways cut in the face of the precipice that ran round the palace walls, and led to the principal thoroughfares of the city, and were used by the inhabitants passing up and down from the docks. These were defended by gates of bronze, and also, as we afterwards learnt, it was possible to let down a portion of the roadways themselves by withdrawing certain bolts, and thus render it quite impracticable for an enemy to pass. The third entrance consisted of a flight of ten curved black marble steps leading to a doorway cut in the palace wall. This wall was in itself a work of art, being built of huge blocks of granite to the height of forty feet, and so fashioned that its face was concave, whereby it was rendered practically impossible for it to be scaled. Through this doorway our guide led us. The door, which was massive and made of wood, protected by an outer gate of bronze, was closed. But on our approach it was thrown wide, and we were met by the challenge of a sentry, who was armed with a heavy triangular bladed spear, not unlike a bayonet in shape, and a cutting sword, and protected by breast and back plates of skillfully prepared hippopotamus hide, and a small round shield fashioned of the same tough material. The sword instantly attracted our attention. It was practically identical with the one in the possession of Mr. McKenzie, which he had obtained from the ill-starred wanderer. There was no mistaking the gold-line fretwork cut in the thickness of the blade. So the man had told the truth after all. Our guide instantly gave a password, which the soldier acknowledged by letting the iron shaft of his spear fall with a ringing sound upon the pavement, and we passed on through the massive wall into the courtyard of the palace. This was about forty yards square, and laid out in flower beds full of lovely shrubs and plants, many of which were quite new to me. Through the center of this garden ran a broad walk formed of powdered shells brought from the lake in the place of gravel. Following this we came to another doorway with a round heavy arch, which is hung with thick curtains. For there are no doors in the palace itself. Then came another short passage, and we were in the great hall of the palace, and once more stood astonished at the simple and yet overpowering grandeur of the place. The hall is, as we afterwards learned, one hundred and fifty feet long by eighty wide, and has a magnificent arched roof of carved wood. Down the entire length of the building there are on either side, and at a distance of twenty feet from the wall, slender shafts of black marble springing shear to the roof, beautifully fluted and with carved capitals. At one end of this great place which these pillars support, is the group of which I have already spoken, as executed by the King Radimas, to commemorate his building of the staircase. And really, when we had time to admire it, its loveliness almost struck us dumb. The group of which the figures are in white, and the rest is black marble, is about half as large again as life, and represents a young man of noble countenance in form sleeping heavily upon a couch.  Bending over him, her hand resting on his forehead, is a draped female form of such white loveliness as to make the beholder's breath stand still. And as for the calm glory that shines upon her perfect face, well I can never hope to describe it. But there it rests, like the shadow of an angel's smile. And power, love, and divinity all have their part in it. Her eyes are fixed upon the sleeping youth, and perhaps the most extraordinary thing about this beautiful work is the success with which the artist has succeeded in depicting, on the sleeper's worn and weary face, the sudden rising of a new and spiritual thought as the spell begins to work within his mind. You can see that an inspiration is breaking in upon the darkness of the man's soul as the dawn breaks in upon the darkness of night. It is a glorious piece of statuary, and none but a genius could have conceived it. Between each of the black marble columns is some such group of figures, some allegorical, and some representing the persons and wives of deceased monarchs or great men. But none of them, in our opinion, comes up to the one I have described, although several are from the hand of the sculptor and engineer King Radimas. In the exact center of the hall was a solid mass of black marble about the size of a baby's armchair, which it rather resembled an appearance. This, as we afterwards learned, was the sacred stone of this remarkable people, and on it their monarchs laid their hand after the ceremony of coronation, and swore by the sun to safeguard the interests of the empire and to maintain its customs, traditions, and laws. This stone was evidently exceedingly ancient, as indeed all stones are, and was scored down its side with long marks or lines, which Sir Henry said, proved it to have been a fragment that at some remote period in its history had been ground in the iron jaws of glaciers. There was a curious prophecy about this block of marble, which was reported among the people to have fallen from the sun. To the effect that when it was shattered into fragments a king of alien race should rule over the land. As the stone, however, looked remarkably solid, the native princes seemed to have a fair chance of keeping their own for many a long year. At the end of the hall is a dais, spread with rich carpets, on which two thrones are set side by side. These thrones are shaped like great chairs and made of solid gold. The seats are richly cushioned, but the backs are left bare, and on each is carved the emblem of the sun, shooting out his fiery rays in all directions. The foot stools are golden lions couchant, with yellow topazes set in them for eyes. There are no other gems about them. The place is lighted by numerous but narrow windows, placed high up, cut on the principle of the loopholes to be seen in ancient castles, but innocent of glass, which was evidently unknown here. Such is a brief description of this splendid hall in which we now found ourselves, compiled, of course, from our subsequent knowledge of it. On this occasion we had but little time for observation. When we entered we perceived that a large number of men were gathered together in front of the two thrones, which were unoccupied. The principal among them were seated on carved wooden chairs, ranged to the right and to the left of the thrones, but not in front of them, and were dressed in white tunics, with various embroideries and different colored edgings, and armed with the usual pierced and gold inlaid swords. To judge from the dignity of their appearance they seemed one and all to be individuals of very great importance. Behind each of these great men stood a small knot of followers and attendants. Seated by themselves, and a little group to the left of the throne, were six men of a different stamp. Instead of wearing the ordinary kilt they were clothed in long robes of pure white linen, with the same symbol of the sun that is to be seen on the back of the chairs, and blazoned in gold thread upon the breast. This garment was gird up at the waist with a simple golden curb like chain, from which hung long elliptic plates of the same metal, fashioned in shiny scales like those of a fish, that as their wearers moved jingled and reflected the light. They were all men of mature age, and of a severe and impressive cast of features, which was rendered still more imposing by the long beards they wore. The personality of one individual among them, however, impressed us at once. He seemed to stand out among his fellows, and refused to be overlooked. He was very old, eighty at least, and extremely tall, with a long snow-white beard that hung nearly to his waist. His features were aquiline and deeply cut, and his eyes were gray and cold-looking. The heads of the others were bare, but this man wore a round cap entirely covered with gold embroidery, from which we judged that he was a person of great importance. And indeed we afterwards discovered that he was Agon, the high priest of the country. As we approached all these men, including the priests, rose and bowed to us with the greatest courtesy, at the same time placing the two fingers across the lips in salutation. Then soft-footed attendants advanced from between the pillars, bearing seats, which were placed in a line in front of the thrones. We three sat down, Alphonse and Umslopogos, standing behind us. Scarcely had we done so when there came a blaire of trumpets from some passage to the right, and a similar blaire from the left.  And another man, similarly attired, called out a similar sentence before the other throne, but ending with the word Soreus, also repeated thrice. Then came the tramp of armed men from each side entrance, and infiled about a score of picked and magnificently accoutered guards, who formed up on each side of the thrones, and let their heavy iron-handled spears fall simultaneously with a clash upon the black marble flooring. Another double blaire of trumpets, and in from either side, each attended by six maidens, swept the two queens of Zuvendis, everybody in the hall rising to greet them as they came. I have seen beautiful women in my day, and am no longer thrown into transports at the sight of a pretty face, but language fails me when I try to give some idea of the blaze of loveliness that then broke upon us in the persons of these sister queens. Both were young, perhaps five and twenty years of age. Both were tall and exquisitely formed, but there the likeness stopped. One Nilepza was a woman of dazzling fairness. Her right arm and bare breast after the custom of her people showed like snow, even against her white and gold embroidered calf or toga. And as for her sweet face, all I can say is that it was one that few men could look on and forget. Her hair, a veritable crown of gold, clustered in short ringlets over her shapely head, half-hiding the ivory brow, beneath which eyes of deep and glorious gray flashed out in tender majesty. I cannot attempt to describe her other features.  She wore no jewels, but on her neck, arm and knee, were the usual torques of gold, in this instance fashioned like a snake. And her dress was a pure white linen of excessive fineness, plentifully embroidered with gold and with the familiar symbols of the sun. Her twin sister, Sareas, was of a different and darker type of beauty. Her hair was wavy, like nalepthas, but cold black, and fell in masses on her shoulders. Her complexion was olive, her eyes large, dark, and lustrous. The lips were full, and I thought rather cruel. Somehow her face, quiet and even cold as it is, gave an idea of passion and repose, and caused one to wonder involuntarily what its aspect would be if anything occurred to break the calm. It reminded me of the deep sea that even on the bluest days never loses its visible stamp of power, and in its murmuring sleep is yet instinct with the spirit of the storm. Her figure, like her sister's, was almost perfect in its curves and outlines, but a trifle more rounded, and her dress was absolutely the same, as this lovely pair swept onwards to their respective thrones amid the deep attentive silence of the court. I was bound to confess to myself that they did indeed fulfill my idea of royalty. Royal they were in every way, in form, in grace, and queenly dignity, and in the barbaric splendor of their attendant pomp. But me thought that they needed no guards or gold to proclaim their power, and bind the loyalty of wayward men. A glance from those bright eyes, or a smile from those sweet lips, and while the red blood runs in the veins of youth, women such as these will never lack subjects, ready to do their biddings to the death. But after all, they were women first, and queens afterwards, and therefore not devoid of curiosity. As they passed to their seats, I saw both of them glance swiftly in our direction. I saw, too, that their eyes passed by me, seeing nothing to charm them in the person of an insignificant and grizzled old man. Then they looked with evident astonishment on the grim form of Oldoom Slopogas, who raised his axe in salutation. Attracted next by the splendor of Good's apparel, for a second their glance rested on him, like a humming moth upon a flower. Then off it darted to where Sir Henry Curtis stood, the sunlight from a window playing upon his yellow hair and peaked beard, and marking the outlines of his massive frame against the twilight of the somewhat gloomy hall. He raised his eyes, and they met the fair Nilepthas full, and thus for the first time the goodliest man and woman that it has ever been my lot to see looked one upon another. And why it was I know not. But I saw the swift blood run up Nilepthas's skin as the pink lights run up the morning sky. Red grew her fair bosom and shapely arm, red the swan-like neck. The rounded cheeks blushed red as the petals of a rose, and then the crimson flood sank back to once it came, and left her pale and trembling. I glanced at Sir Henry. He too had colored up to the eyes. O my word! thought I to myself. The ladies have come on the stage, and now we may look to the plot to develop itself. And I sighed and shook my head, knowing that the beauty of a woman is like the beauty of the lightning, a destructive thing and a cause of desolation. By the time that I had finished my reflections both the queens were on the thrones, for all this had happened in about six seconds. Once more the unseen trumpets blared out, and then the court seated itself. And queens so raced motion to us to do likewise. Both from among the crowd, whether he had withdrawn, stepped forward our guide, the old gentleman who had told us ashore, holding by the hand the girl whom we had seen first and afterwards rescued from the hippopotamus. Having made obeisance, he proceeded to address the queens, evidently describing to them the way and place where we had been found. It was most amusing to watch the astonishment, not unmixed with fear, reflected upon their faces as they listened to his tail. Clearly they could not understand how he had reached the lake and been found floating on it, and were inclined to attribute our presence to supernatural causes. Then the narrative proceeded, as I judged from the frequent appeals that our guide made to the girl, to the point where we had shot the hippopotami, and we at once perceived that there was something very wrong about those hippopotami, for the history was frequently interrupted by indignant exclamations from the little group of white-robed priests, and even from the courtiers, while the two queens listened with an amazed expression, especially when our guide pointed to the rifles in our hands as being the means of destruction. And here, to make matters clear, I may as well explain at once that the inhabitants of Zuvendis are sun-worshippers, and that for some reason or another the hippopotamus is sacred among them. Not that they do not kill it, because at a certain season of the year they slaughter thousands, which are specially preserved in large lakes up the country, and use their hides for armor for soldiers. But this does not prevent them from considering these animals as sacred to the sun. End Note Mr. Quadramaned does not seem to have been aware that it is common for animal-worshipping people to annually sacrifice the beasts they adore. See Herodotus II.45. Editor Now, as ill luck would have it, the particular hippopotami we had shot were a family of tame animals that were kept in the mouth of the port and daily fed by priests whose special duty it was to attend to them. When we shot them I thought that the brutes were suspiciously tame, and this was as we afterwards ascertained the cause of it. Thus it came about that in attempting to show off we had committed sacrilege of a most aggravated nature, when our guide had finished his tale. The old man with the long beard and round cap, whose appearance I have already described, and who was, as I have said, the high priest of the country, and known by the name of Aghan, rose and commenced an impassioned harangue. I did not like the look of his cold gray eye as he fixed it on us. I should have liked it still less had I known that in the name of the outraged majesty of his god he was demanding that the whole lot of us should be offered up as a sacrifice by means of being burnt alive. After he had finished speaking, the Queen Sareas addressed him in a soft and musical voice, and appeared to judge from his gestures of dissent, to be putting the other side of the question before him. Then Nileptha spoke in liquid accents. Little did we know that she was pleading for our lives. Finally she turned and addressed a tall soldier-like man of middle age with a black beard and a long plain sword, whose name, as we afterwards learned, was Nasta, and who was the greatest lord in the country. Apparently appealing to him for support. Now when Sir Henry had caught her eye and she had blushed so rosy red, I had seen that the incident had not escaped this man's notice, and what is more that it was eminently disagreeable to him, for he bit his lip and his hand tightened on his sword-hilt. Afterwards we learned that he was an aspirant for the hand of this Queen in marriage, which accounted for it. As being so, Nileptha could not have appealed to a worse person, for, speaking in slow, heavy tones, he appeared to confirm all that the High Priest Agon had said. As he spoke, Sareas put her elbow on her knee, and resting her chin on her hand, looked at him with a suppressed smile upon her lips, as though she saw through the man, and was determined to be his match. But Nileptha grew very angry, her cheek flushed, her eyes flashed, and she did indeed look lovely. Finally she turned to Agon, and seemed to give some sort of qualified assent, for he bowed at her words, and as she spoke she moved her hands as though to emphasize what she said. But all the time, Sareas kept her chin on her hand, and smiled. Then suddenly Nileptha made a sign. The trumpets blew again, and everybody rose to leave the hall, save ourselves and the guards whom she motioned to stay. When they were all gone she bent forward, and smiling sweetly, partly by signs and partially by exclamations, made it clear to us that she was very anxious to know where we came from. The difficulty was how to explain, but at last an idea struck me. I had my large pocket-book in my pocket and a pencil. Taking it out I made a little sketch of a lake, and then as best I could I drew the underground river and the lake at the other end. When I had done this I advanced to the steps of the throne and gave it to her. She understood it at once and clapped her hands with delight, and then descending from the throne took it to her sister Sareas, who also evidently understood. Next she took the pencil from me, and after examining it with curiosity proceeded to make a series of delightful little sketches, the first representing herself holding out both hands in welcome, and a man uncommonly like Sir Henry taking them. Next she drew a lovely little picture of a hippopotamus rolling about dying in the water, and of an individual in whom we had no difficulty in recognizing Aghan the High Priest, holding up his hands in horror on the bank. Then followed a most alarming picture of a dreadful fiery furnace, and of the same figure Aghan poking us into it with a forked stick. This picture perfectly horrified me, but I was a little reassured when she nodded sweetly and proceeded to make a fourth drawing. A man, again uncommonly like Sir Henry, and of two women in whom I recognized Sareas's and herself, each with one arm around him and holding a sword in protection over him. To all of these, Sareas's, who I saw was employed in carefully taking us all in, especially Curtis, signified her approval by nodding. At last Nileptha drew a final sketch of a rising sun indicating that she must go, and that we should meet on the following morning, where at Sir Henry looked so disappointed that she saw it. Then I suppose by way of consolation extended her hand to him to kiss, which he did with pious fervor. At the same time Sareas's, of whom Good had never taken his eyeglass during the whole endaba interview, rewarded him by giving him her hand to kiss, though while she did so, her eyes were fixed upon Sir Henry. I am glad to say that I was not implicated in these proceedings, neither of them gave me her hand to kiss. Then Nileptha turned and addressed the man who appeared to be in command of the bodyguard. Apparently from her manner and his frequent obeisances, giving him very stringent and careful orders, after which, with a somewhat coquettish nod and smile, she left the hall, followed by Sareas's and most of the guards. When the queens had gone, the officer whom Nileptha had addressed came forward and with many tokens of deep respect led us from the hall, through various passages to a sumptuous set of apartments opening out of a large central room, lighted with brazen swinging lamps, for it was now dusk, and richly carpeted and strewn with couches. On a table in the center of the room was set a profusion of food and fruit in what is more, flowers. There was a delicious wine, also, in ancient-looking, sealed earthenware-flagons, and beautifully chased golden and ivory cups to drink it from. Servants, male and female, also were there to minister to us. And whilst we ate, from some recess outside the apartment, the silver loot did speak between the trumpet's lordly blowing.  But so very weary were we with our labors that we could scarcely keep ourselves awake through the sumptuous meal, and as soon as it was over we indicated that we desired to sleep. As a further precaution against surprise we left Umslopogos with his axe to sleep in the main chamber near the curtain doorways leading to the apartments which we occupied, respectively Good and I in the one, and Sir Henry and Alphonse in the other. Then throwing off our clothes, with the exception of the male shirts which we considered it safer to keep on, we flung ourselves down upon the low and luxurious couches, and drew the silk-embroidered coverlades over us. In two minutes I was just dropping off, when I was aroused by Good's voice. I say, quarter-main, he said, did you ever see such eyes? Eyes, I said crossly, what eyes? Why the queens, of course! So racist, I mean, at least I think that is her name. Oh, I don't know, I yawned. I didn't notice them much. I suppose they are good eyes.  Five minutes or so elapsed, and I was once more awakened. I say, quarter-main, said the voice. Well, I answered testily, what is it now? Did you notice her ankle, the shape? This was more than I could stand. By my bed stood the veldskuns I had been wearing. Moved quite beyond myself, I took them up and threw them straight at Good's head, and hit it. Afterwards I slept the sleep of the just, and a very heavy sleep it must be. As for Good, I don't know if he went to sleep, or if he continued to pass Erase's beauties in mental review. And what is more, I don't care.


Let's move on and discuss some more cardiac pathology. Specifically, let's discuss hypertension. Hypertension is defined as a systolic blood pressure that is greater than or equal to 130 mmHg and or a diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 90 mmHg. It doesn't have to be both. You can have a blood pressure that is 135 over 85 and that is diagnostic of hypertension. You can also have a blood pressure of 120 over 95 and that is also diagnostic of hypertension. These can be mutually exclusive. Some risk factors associated with hypertension include an increase in age. So the older you get, the more chance that you have of having hypertension. Diabetes is obviously a risk factor. Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor. If you live a sedentary lifestyle where you're not getting a lot of activity and exercise, that is also a risk factor for hypertension. Furthermore, an increase in salt intake is a risk for hypertension. Alcoholics or those that drink a whole lot of ethanol will also have an increased risk of hypertension. And then we have people that are smokers and those that have a family history of hypertension. Furthermore, there are some other risk factors that you can't control. Those are being individuals' race. So African-Americans, Caucasians, and Asians all have an increased risk of developing hypertension at some point in their life. Most cases of hypertension are due to an increase in the cardiac output or in the total peripheral resistance. There are also some less common causes of hypertension. Some of these may be related to renal issues. So specifically as you see in this picture here, what you're seeing is what's called the string of beads appearance. And this is the renal artery that has what is known as fibromuscular dysplasia. This is often seen in women of childbearing age. Furthermore, we can have primary hyperaldosteronism that can also predispose us to hypertension. When hypertension gets to a point where it is too high, we call that a hypertensive urgency or a hypertensive emergency. These two are distinguished by one specific thing that we'll discuss. Specifically, hypertensive urgencies have a severe hypertension that has a systolic blood pressure of greater than or equal to 180 millimeters of mercury or a diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 120 millimeters of mercury. Once again, as with hypertension, these two do not require both to be present in order for a diagnosis of hypertensive urgency to be made. Someone with a blood pressure of 190 over 100 would be considered to have a hypertensive emergency due to that systolic blood pressure of greater than or equal to 180. Likewise, someone with a blood pressure of 160 over 125 would be considered to be in a hypertensive emergency due to that diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 120. We move further into a hypertensive emergency when we have the same hypertension levels of greater than or equal to 180 systolic or greater than or equal to 120 diastolic, but we also add in end organ damage. What is end organ damage? End organ damage is anytime that we see downstream effects of this hypertension. So specifically in this picture, we are seeing a hemorrhagic stroke due to the hypertension. We can also see things like encephalopathy, retinal hemorrhages and exudates, papillodema in the eyes. There's also possibilities of myocardial infarction and heart failure. You can see aortic dissection, which we'll discuss later. Any injuries and eclampsia or microangiopathic hemolytic anemias are all possible as end organ damage associated with hypertensive emergencies. There are many complications that are associated with hypertension, many of which are listed in this diagram. Starting with the brain, we can have an increased incidence of stroke with hypertension. There's also a risk of hypertensive encephalopathy, where we will see confusion, headache and convulsions associated with that. In the eyes, we can see hypertensive retinopathy that will be visible on fundoscopic examination. With the heart, one of the main risks that we can have is heart attack due to a decrease in blood pressure to the heart because of that extra pressure. All of this can lead to left ventricular failure or heart failure, such as a hypertensive cardiomyopathy. We can also see atrial fibrillation and other issues like aortic dissection or aortic aneurysms. And related to the kidneys, we can see a hypertensive nephropathy, which leads to a chronic renal failure.


We use oxygen isotopes to work out how the rainfall has changed but also how temperature has changed over the last however many years. And oxygen isotopes work because as the coral sits in its little water column it sits in the surrounding water and as the temperature changes the more water evaporates off the top and this changes the oxygen concentration in the water. So as temperature increases you have more evaporation. This influences the stable oxygen isotopes in the water. Oxygen has two isotopes it has a heavy isotope which is oxygen 18 and a lighter isotope oxygen 16. And so when that evaporation occurs it evaporates off that lower oxygen isotope preferentially so first and it'll leave the heavier isotope in that water column. And same when it rains so when it rains it'll rain the lighter oxygen isotope first and then that heavier oxygen isotope. And this is what we read so as oxygen isotopes drop we have a higher temperature and vice versa and it works the same way for rainfall so if we have a higher rate of rainfall there's more water in that water column and we have our oxygen isotopes change through that.