Hello everyone, my name is Ignacio and I will be presenting some work that we've been doing with the election team to support the submission of viral data to ENA. So this process started about a year ago to try to tackle the common challenge, which is the access to data. So I was observed here in Belgium that normally their labs, especially the clinical labs, we're doing submissions mainly to GSA, and especially submitting consensus sequences of viral data. And pretty much no one was doing submissions to ENA, even though, yeah, we can point out quite a few extra benefits of it. First of all, it's a fully open platform so pretty much anyone can submit and retrieve data for it. It has a quite well structured metadata that described everything that they submit. It can take, for example, low rates and not just consensus and sequences and genes, and it's already, for example, integrated into COVID-19 data portal. So any kind of analysis that makes use of this portal to fetch public data, it will benefit from any submission that is being done to ENA. So the starting goal that we had was to get more high quality data into ENA. And to do this, we decided to create a galaxy submission tool, which will focus mainly on the submission of rates. The idea, in general, was to actually lower the technical barrier that was present for bike submission, especially. This is mainly because it was quite complex to specify the metadata, especially by using the ENA web interface. And the idea of creating a galaxy tool was to benefit from the galaxy graphical user interface, which is really easy to use. So the idea was to use a tool or create a tool that will involve a single step submission that is pretty much just one click. So it would should somehow manage the ENA credentials and the management in the galaxy context. So we will be using this CLI tool that is linked here. And the idea also about the metadata management is that the users would input pretty much all the metadata by using by filling it in plate spreadsheet that we created with some control book allies. And then by using the galaxy data types, for example, the collections, it will be really easy to do the bug submissions. So this is basically an overview of the tool that we we designed. So basically the inputs are the raw rates and what I mentioned before about the metadata spreadsheet template that should be filled by the users. So I think that is within the degree box, the gray box is it's transparent for the user. So it does any kind of people seem that is required. It just runs the ENA upload tool. And it also it's important that it fetches all the accession numbers that are retrieved from ENA and it reports these to the user so they know how to access the data once it's just on ENA. So, to provide access to these tools, we have three different options. One is the users can access to COVID-19, which is an instant that is specific for version institutions. So they need to request access. And once they are there, they have access of course to all the computational resources. When they upload the data, they have access to some prepositing tool, for example, to clean the human rates, and they can do the submission using this tool. And this submission will be used, will be done using the exhibition broker in account. So all the submissions done through this instance are linked with the same credentials. So the option that is available is we created a small ENA upload container, which contains not just this tool, but also all the preprocessing tools that are or might be used, might be needed before the submission. So in this case, you just don't know the container and it will run the galaxy instance locally. And you can just access the tool and you can fill the ENA credentials in the user preferences. In this case, you only need just one dependency, which is talking, of course, and you can run it locally. So the other options, of course, using the public instances, this is a public tool. So it's already available in several instances, for example, in EU and users will be in this case anyone can register and upload the data. And in this case, also, you need to fill your ENA credentials that you get from ENA website and your user preferences. And in this case, yeah, of course, the submission is done using this specific credentials. So we also did quite a lot of work in terms of documentation. So I wanted to highlight some about this. You can visit particularly this first site to see a really detailed guide of how to do this mission, how to use this tool, and the different options that I just showed. And also here you have a lot of documentation related with the, for example, the preprocessing tool, and also the container itself. And that's about it. Things, of course, will be funded in agencies and to all the people that did their work.


Good day, fellow investors. Is the management of the companies you own maximizing shareholder thus your value? And that's a very important question that many forget to ask when investing, because the goal should be that the management's goals are aligned with your goals, because after all they work for you. You're the owner of the company. In this video I will discuss how the management intentions are not always related to shareholders' intentions, a few examples and see how to go about it. So just start with some academic research for once. Graham, Harvey and Raj Gopal have found that 78% of corporate management would not look at projects that don't immediately increase value of the company, so that have long-term benefits, but not short-term benefits, because if you don't have short-term benefits your profits are lower for the short time, which means your stock price goes down, which means management doesn't get compensated with stock options and things like that. So management is really myopic when they look at what to do. They try to maximize short-term and they forget about the long-term and that's a disastrous thing to do. Just a few companies focus on long-term value creation and you focus on long-term value creation, but by focusing on increasing your tangible book value. If you look at JP Morgan's financial highlights, you can see how they have two metrics there, book value and tangible book value. And if they increase their tangible book value, they have done well for their shareholders, because what's tangible, you can sell it, it has value and if you increase that then you're increasing the long-term value of a shareholder. If the stock price goes up, if you increase the stock price by doing buybacks, you are not increasing shareholder value, you're destroying shareholder value in the long-term. Let me elaborate on that. The two companies with the largest buybacks are Apple and General Electric. General Electric has been doing huge buybacks to keep the stock price higher because the past CEO wanted to retire with a very golden parachute and that's why he was spending destroying the company doesn't matter just to retire rich. Interesting. Just let's look at the book values of the two companies. Book value has increased by very little in the last five years. General Electric, on the contrary, has lowered its book value in the last five years, so that's not really how to increase shareholder value because, okay, the stock prices could go up, but there will be a recession, so stock prices will go down and pension funds, so the owners of those companies, are not there selling buying stocks. They are owning for the long term. Now, somebody looks at the state of his pension fund and he's happy, oh, look how much money do I have, I will retire well and then there is a stock market crash because management is looking for buybacks in order to get more options and the pension is wiped out. So this short term, myopic attitude will really have terrible consequences in the future. On the private note, what can we do to don't fall under this influence? Investing companies that really focus on creating shareholder value. So, or the management owns most of the company and then they are not so much into stock options and stock prices, but increasing book value, Berkshire for example, or there are very long term compensation plans. There has been another academic research that showed that stocks on the day that they vote out a positive long term management compensation plan have an abnormal return of 1.14%, so that's a very positive. So if you see a company that's focused on the long term, you would have higher returns than focused on short term company. So it's very interesting how this compensation works. We will discuss Charlie Munger's, he's very very specific about it. So keep watching, subscribe to the channel, click like if you like the content, comment, give us examples of short term and long term shareholder value creation or distraction. I'll see you in the next video.


When the narcissist Forces you to have a child When they force you to have a child against your will Against your freedom of choice They will persuade you to have a child with them By using force or threats or they will emotionally manipulate you They will refuse to use birth control Or they will lie and say that they are using birth control Or they will say that they are infertile They will say that they are not able to get pregnant Because they don't care about how it will affect your life Or the child's life They don't even care about how it will affect their own lives They will emotionally manipulate you And then they will sexually abuse you They may even threaten and intimidate you This has happened to a lot of people Who have been victims of narcissistic abuse They have gotten pregnant against their will Or the narcissist has taken their control over whether or not they choose to have a child By refusing to use birth control Lying about using birth control Or saying that they are infertile Which then resulted in them having a child with someone Who they did not want to have a child with Which may not mean that they don't love or care for the child But what it does mean is that they have been trapped in a situation Where they've had a child with someone They didn't choose to have a child with Against their will and against their freedom of choice Narcissists are abusive They are possessive and controlling They will force you to have a child with them So that they can have power over you So that they can influence your behaviour And direct the course of events They want to keep you under their control They want to dominate you When the narcissist forces you to have a child with them It can make your life very difficult Because they will hold you financially responsible for the child And raising a child takes up a lot of time Which can then affect your work It could cause you to lose your job Or it could affect your performance at income But the narcissist doesn't care They're not concerned with how their behaviour will affect you They will lie about taking birth control Or they will poke holes in the condom They will take away your choice to decide whether or not you want to have a child Because they want to maintain power over you They want to control the relationship They want to make it difficult for you to leave them So that they can secure you as their source of supply So that you always have to deal with them So that you can't get away from them so easily When the narcissist forces you to have a child with them They will abuse you financially They will steal money from you They will say that they need money for the child But then they will spend it on themselves You might have made it clear to the narcissist That you do not want to have a child with them But they will lie about taking birth control Or they will poke holes in the condom They will say that they are infertile To cause you to have a child against your will Against your freedom of choice There is nothing wrong with having a child It is a beautiful thing But there is something very wrong with forcing someone to have a child It destroys the experience And some people do not want to have a child Which is their right You should not force someone into parenting a child Because by doing that You would be taken away their free will You would be taken away their right To decide whether or not they want to have a child Which can be a very traumatic experience for them It is abuse And abuse is wrong Thank you for watching I hope this video resonates with you Please like Comment Share and subscribe If you would like to donate My PayPal link is in the video description Coaching queries You can email me at coaching.darksurvivor.uk Thank you for watching And I'll talk to you soon


That's what every girl wants, and that's the way your hair will be when you use Fitch's new cream shampoo. Fitch's cream shampoo leaves hair dreamy soft like moonlight, shining like bright starlight. Fitch is made with two beneficial beauty aids, lanolin and olive oil. Lanolin is used to soften the hair, to give it a brand new look. Olive oil is used to bring out sparkling highlights, to leave your hair gleaming and lustrous. And Fitch's cream shampoo is easy to use. Just a small dab whips into heaps of lather to thoroughly cleanse your hair and scalp. Then just rinse with plain water and every bubble of suds is gone. Your hair is soft and bright, gloriously bright. Looks as though it had been brushed and brushed and brushed. Fitch's cream shampoo is thrifty too. Compare the size of the jar, compare its low cost and buy it at drug or toilet goods counters. That's Fitch's cream shampoo, made with lanolin and olive oil for softer, shinier hair. The FW Fitch Company makers of Fitch's shampoo presents the Fitch bandwagon with Elliott Lewis, Walter Tetley, Janine Roos and Whitfield, Robert North, Walter Sharpen is music and starring Alice Faye and Phil Harris. Ten days ago, the board of directors of the Fitch Company met in their office in Des Moines, Iowa to decide on gifts to be sent to the stockholders of the company. Now let's go back ten days and look in on the meeting. Mr. FW Fitch is speaking. Gentlemen, we've decided on presents for all our stockholders except one. What are we going to get for Phil Harris? But FW, he's only got one share of stock. Why do we have to get him anything? Ah, that's not the Christmas spirit. WZ Phil Harris is entitled to a present. Don't you agree, JR? Huh? What's that? Did somebody say something? I said we ought to send Phil Harris the Christmas present. I have a suggestion, FW. Yes? Why don't you send Mr. Harris a bust of you? Oh, I couldn't do that. I couldn't do that. WZ would seem awfully hammy of me. No, I couldn't give Harris a bust of me as a Christmas present. Well, I don't see why not. That's what you gave us last year. Did I give you a bust of me last year? Last year. The year before and the year before that. I have 19 busts of you in my house. Really? Well, well, where do you keep them, JR? Well, I... Oh, if I tell him, I'll get canned. Never mind, JR. I think it's an excellent suggestion. I'll send Mr. Harris a bust of me. I'll pack it well in excess. You said yourself it's a little hammy. Ishka-bibble. Let him call me a ham. We'll send the bust. We look into the Harris home where Phil is writing a letter for the children. Hey, look, kids, maybe you'd better write your own letter to Santa Claus.  With your spelling, he couldn't tell the difference. Never mind, Wingy. You have to write to Santa Claus. You write to Santa Claus? He brings us whatever we ask for.  Oh, wait a minute, wait a minute. I'll write it down. Mr. Santa, please bring us a doll, a baby carriage, a party dress, a new scooter, a pool table, and some cute chocolate. Hold it, Master. Hold it. I'm looking for a pool table. If this stuff works, I want to be in on it. Originally, honey, he never fails. On Christmas Eve, he'll land on the roof with his reindeer, slide down the chimney, land in the fireplace, and then with a big, booming voice he'll say, What morning, Philip? I heard that a fire going in that fireplace. Hello, Alice. Hello, children. Oh, Philip, here's a package the postman just gave me. It's for you, and it's from Des Moines, Iowa. Hey, I wonder what it is and who it's from? Well, if it's from Des Moines, it must be from the Fitch Company. And through the brown paper, I can see it's gift wrap, so it must be a gift. And since it's only two weeks before Christmas, it must be a Christmas present. Thank you, J. Edgar Hoover. Mind if I open this? Well, you can't open it till Christmas. Well, I'm just taking the outside wrapping off. Hey, look how pretty it's gift wrap. Look, there's a sticker on there, Phil. What does it say? Oh, wait a minute. I'll see. Season's greetings to my favorite entertainer, Phil Harris. From your pal, F.W. Fitch, maker of Fitch's standard remover shampoo and Fitch's new cream shampoo, the only shampoo containing both lanolin and olive oil, you can purchase this shampoo. Oh, what a sneaky way to get into a commercial. He's a cute guy. He had me reading that before I realized what it said. Phil, I just thought of something. You didn't buy Mr. Fitch a Christmas present. Holy smoke. No, I forgot. Well, look, it's not too late. Now listen, if we buy something today and send it out, then he'll get it in time. But now I want to get him something real nice. But what? Well, I have a suggestion, Philip. Why don't you get Mr. Fitch a gift such as I received last year? I found it the most practical of my gifts, and now I just wouldn't be comfortable without one. Yeah, what is it? A flannel night shirt with stocking cap to match. You kid, 23 skidoo and ta-ra-ra, boom, D.A. Don't make fun of him. I know, but a night shirt and a stocking cap, how square can a guy get? I'll tell you what, Phil. I have some Christmas shopping to do. Why don't you meet me in about an hour at SAC's Diff's Avenue and we'll look for something for Mr. Fitch. Oh, yeah. Maybe we'll see a nice smoking jacket or a robe or a calendar. Yeah, we could. Oh, wait a minute, honey, I'll answer the door. Hi, Curly. Hi, hello, Frankie. Hey, Frankie, guess what? Why? I just got a Christmas present from the sponsor. From the sponsor? Ain't that nice of him? You... I didn't get one. Hello, Frankie, how are you? I'm a little hurt. The sponsor sent Curly a present, not me. You know, I'm on the show, too. I know, but that's different, Frankie, after all. Who's the star of the show? Alex, well, let me put it this way. Who's the comedian on the show? Who gets all the laughs? I do. Well, let me frame it this way. Who's the brains of my radio show? You're writers. There must be some way of asking this question so I can come out on top. The present because he's a stockholder of the company. Why a stockholder? They're holding it in trust for me. He doesn't even know how much he has. Hey! Hey, maybe the stock is in that package. I'm gonna open it. No, don't you dare open that until Christmas. I'm leaving now, and don't forget, meet me in an hour's sack. Bye. So long, honey. Goodbye, Alice.  Either one of you would open that package. Open a package? Oh, we wouldn't think of doing a thing like that. Of course you wouldn't. Well, I hope not. Goodbye. She gone, Curly? Yeah. Package, and I'm gonna open it.  Yeah, something that I got from my sponsor. What's he selling you something for? Well, he's been listening to the radio shows I've been doing for him, and he sent it to me to show what he thinks of me. That's why. Gee, I can't wait. I wonder what's in his package. Is it ticking? Just what I wanted. Excelsior. Hey, here's the present. What? Let me see. Read it to me. It says, uh, this is a bust of F... Frankie, I just heard our option drop. This is a bust of F-W-5. A combination of Tyrone... Do this for what he's paying us. That's what he was. It's a wonderful gift. Just what I needed. Incidentally, uh, what do you think I ought to send him?  Oh, Curly, that's too corny. What you send him something personal? Something he can use. Where does he live? Dude, but I was a state. It's a western stuff. Oh, boy, dude. Look, Frankie, he's a businessman. I've seen him on and out there. Maybe you're right. Sure. Hey, Frankie, I'll tell you, why don't you come along with me to Saxon and you can help Alice and me pick one out? Okay, Curly, let's go. Hey, you want to know something, Frankie? What? I kind of envy Mr. Fitch living in that Indian country. You know, they take things easy out there. Your temper's getting the top hand. All you've got to do is just stop and pass that piece by burying that hatchet like the cock. Oh, it tickles. Oh, it tickles. It'll teach him what to do. I feel a mad as a wet hand. Mad as you can possibly get then. Pass that piece by burying that on the hop. Like those two, you make a Cherokee shifu like two. The little restraint. And wipe off all that war pain. And if you find yourself in a fury, be your own judge and your own curie.    If you were to hover out west, too, you would soon discover it's best to pass that peace-pipe, bury that hatchet like the Cho-Chungo-Chungo-Chattanooga-Chigaro-Doo. In colonial days, you knew the ceremonial ways to pass that peace-pipe, bury that tommy-hawks like those you see of each other, check the dick of these two. The top man on the totem pole, though, if you want to be an all right guy, not among us. Because when you call this grand-to-patchet, that's that peace-pipe, bury that hatchet like the Cho-Chungo-Chicka-Chattanooga-Chigaro-Doo. Here's the spot where we're supposed to meet Alice right here in the men's department. But I don't see her. Do you see her anywhere? No, I don't. Hey, Curly, while we're waiting, why don't we take a look at some cowboy suits? Here in Saks? Hey, do you think they sell that kind of stuff in here? Well, sure. This is a swanky place. We can get a real nice one here. Let's ask that clerk over there. Hey! Pressing me, sir. Everything in menswear? Most sure it is, sir. We have all the necessary accoutrements that are requisite to the sartorial splendor of the impeccably clad. Did he say something? He must have. His mouth was moving. Gentlemen, I merely stated that we have everything in the line of clothing a man could desire. Now, what is it you wish to? I want a cowboy suit. Well, yippee-ay-oh-kay-ay! Sir, huh? Come on, now. Just tell me, let me see some cowboy suits. Oh, yes, of course, sir. And just what sort of cowboy suit would you like? Well, any kind. It's worth a ton, sir. I'm speaking to the long range. Tell me, I just want a regular cowboy suit. I see. I have just the thing for you. A pair of shafts that's already bowed in one leg. Bowed in one leg? Yes. It's for cowboys who ride tight, sir. Say, can I get a straight man to wait on me? Pretty good. Of course, it's $75. So what? $75? This is for the boss. I don't care how much it costs. Money's no object now. Hey, look, I'll take it and you can just charge it, Bob. Well, what's the name, please? Alice Faye. I didn't recognize you. You look much better in pictures, ma'am. Look, just have the gift wrapped, will you? Then I'll stop back for it in a few minutes. Very well. I'll take a few minutes. Thank you, sir. Pretty clever. Hey, look, Frankie, I'll tell you what'll happen. Now, look, I hope Alice isn't going to mind that I went and picked the present out without her, but it's going to be a cute suit. You know, she sort of had her mind set on that smoking jacket. Oh, there you are. What kept you so long? Oh, hello, honey. Well, look, Frankie and I just... I hope you don't mind, but while I was waiting, I bought Mr. Fitch a stunning smoking jacket. Yeah, Alice, but I was going to tell you... I had a gift wrapped and I just know Mr. Fitch will love it. Yeah, but Alice, do you think a smoking jacket is nice enough? Oh, listen, the one I picked is beautiful and Mr. Fitch will adore it. Now, let's go and pick it up so we can mail it. Come on, fellas. Come on, let's hurry. Hey, honey, okay. Go ahead. We're writing back of you. Hey, Frankie, better go back and cancel that cowboy shoe. I don't want to. I'd like it. I think that's what we ought to send. Never mind.  No, wait a minute. What? Look, I got to get something for William for Christmas, so I'll give him the cowboy suit. Maybe you'll take the hint and go west. Isn't that a stunning creation on that model over there? How'd we get no women's department? Well, I just thought we'd stroll through in case somebody saw something he might want to buy for somebody for Christmas. This kid's as subtle as a sailor with a six-hour pass. Now, honey, I'll tell you what you do.  All right. Bye. Hey, Frankie. Hey, Alice likes that thing on the model, so I'm going to take this opportunity and get it to her for Christmas. Now, look, you stay here and buy it, and then I'll join Alice so she doesn't suspect anything. Okay, sure. Wait a minute. I'll wait. I want to write out a card to put in. Okay. There. Now, you buy it and put this card in. Okay. Shall I charge this to Alice, too? No. I'll pay for this. I can get it from her later. Yeah, okay, Curly. And I'll pick up the cowboy suit, too. I'll meet you back here. Such is present. All wrapped. Oh, gee. Well, let me have it, and I'll address it, and then I'll mail it for you. Oh, I see. You've been doing a little shopping, Frankie. What have you got in those two packages? Uh, these. Oh, yeah, she's a good-natured schnook. I always get it somewhere. Come on, let's get out of here, because I want to take Mr. Fitch's present over and mail it. Uh, I'll do it for you, Curly. I got to get some stamps. Oh, all right. Thanks, Frankie. Now, look, you mail it, and we'll get you down to the car. Meet us then. Yeah, okay. Wait for me.  Don't show no originality. But if the old boy got a cowboy suit, he'd love Curly's suit. Of course, the only way he could get the cowboy suit would be for me to mail the wrong package. Oh, Remly, what a despicable, conniving thought. I do this. I wish Frankie would hurry. Hey, honey, you know something? Do you think we spent enough for Mr. Fitch's present? Well, it isn't what you spent for a present. It's the thought behind it. Remember, the moon belongs to a smoking jacket. Get through with these two presents for Alice and Willie. Oh, Frankie, now you're spoiled. You always have to do... You weren't supposed to say anything. You bought a present for me, silly. Oh, yes, I did. Here, I might as well give it to you now. But remember, don't open it till Christmas. Oh, I can't wait till Christmas. Now, I just have to open it now. Oh, wait a minute, Willie. That ain't nothing. Oh, look at this. A smoking jacket. Smoking jacket. Oh. But I bought you something else. Oh, those careless clerks. I bought them for Mr. Fitch. Frankie, what package did you mail? Oh, would you excuse me, folks? I gotta get down to the delicatessen and help a guy file awards off the pickles. He's got a ring. Frankie, what did you do? Now, did you mail him the other... What's in this package? Oh, I'd better open it and see. Now, wait a minute, Alice. Don't do that. That's your present. I don't want you... This is my present. Yeah. Do you like it? Sure. It's just what I always wanted. A cowboy suit. A cowboy suit? Frankie. Don't look at me like that, Colonel. Don't look at me like that, Curly. This I didn't plan on. Oh, if I'm a snake, I must have mailed the presents you got for Alice. You sent Mr. Fitch the thing I got for Alice? Oh, no! No! I just received this package from Bill Harris. Now, wasn't it nice of him to send me a Christmas present? If you say so, S.W., what's in it? I don't know, but I'll open it and see. I just can't wait till Christmas. Well, I'll be a... I said S.W., what did he send you?  Don't you think that would be a little too chilly for you? Just look at this card he sent with it. What did it say? Here, dreamboat. On you, this will look good. Love? Just a moment. Is your shampoo doing right by you? Yes, is your shampoo doing right by you? My shampoo lathers all right, but it doesn't remove my dandruff. I've tried one shampoo after another. They all suds up and rinse out, but I still have dandruff. If your shampoo is letting you down when it comes to removing dandruff, switch to Fitch. Fitch is dandruff remover shampoo. It's guaranteed to remove all dandruff. Medical authorities say there are two kinds of dandruff. One is loose and flaky. It's the unsightly kind. The other clings to the scalp. It's the invisible, irritating kind. If your present shampoo is doing only half the job, removing only part of your dandruff, remember Fitch removes both kinds completely. So be free of unsightly dandruff. Be free of invisible, irritating dandruff. Yes, be free of all embarrassing dandruff. Fitch is the only shampoo who's guaranteed to remove dandruff with first application is backed by one of the world's largest insurance firms. So switch to Fitch at drug counters, barber and beauty shops. Ask for Fitch's dandruff remover shampoo. Fitch shampoo does right by you. What did you and Frankie open the Christmas present Mr. Fitch sent you? Well, we had to open it. Frankie said it was the only way I could show that I had the Christmas spirit. What do you mean? Well, I had to find out how much Fitch spent on me, so I'd know how much to spend on him. That's the Christmas spirit. Next week when the FW Fitch Company again brings you the Fitch Bandwagon with Alice Faye and Phil Harris. This program was written by Ray Singer and Dick Chevrolet, directed by Paul Phillips. Alice Faye appears to the courtesy of 40th Century Fox. The part of Frankie was played by Elliot Lewis.  The shinier hair uses Fitch's new cream shampoo. It's made with both lanolin and olive oil. Lanolin to soften olive oil for sparkling highlights. Thrive Fitch's cream shampoo. Bill Foreman speaking. This is NBC, the national broadcasting company.


Stop comparing me to Michael Jordan. He's Michael Jordan. I'm on basketball player. So whatever I do I do But yeah, I'm nowhere near Michael Jordan. No more comparisons. Yeah, but if that era was today, do you feel like MJ could guard you? Hell no, no Right now Lou He said the right things but even he didn't mean that Listen, I'm gonna stay away from it But what I will say is we are in a competitive business. This is a competitive sport. He didn't say anything wrong He should feel like nobody can guard them But it was a lot of bravado in it.  I'm gonna think I'm going in there and I'm having a great game So like like Lou said that you could hear just a little bit of joke a little bit of doubt when he said it But you have you have to say that what are you gonna say?  All right, fair enough. How about he had more like he's been saying a lot The man's very busy Here he is on LeBron He's been the best player in the world for a long time. So I think that's the main person I want to cook him or KD. Oh These guys are both playing see that's the difference MJ's done and been done for a long time But LeBron and KD are still out there. Is this a wise move? Yeah, I like it. I like it. This is this is this is his edge. This is his humor This is I feel like he's always saying funny stuff like this But yeah to be the best you gotta you gotta beat the best and those two guys have been this at the top of the league For a really really long time and Anthony Edwards is this name. It's kind of on the rise Who's becoming one of the I think he's the best two-way player honestly in the NBA right now So yeah, I love his confidence and to be this good and get this far as he has you have to be confident So I love I love him. I love everything Mostly everything about him Fair enough Luke Kevin Garnett Andre mom I actually think the organization is afraid to go talk to him and be real They're afraid of this man. Do you agree with that? No, I disagree KG KG is from the old school where Every once in a while Private conversations are gonna get leaked to the media or it's gonna be a big deal on sports center We are now living in in a place where the Golden State Warriors have always kept their business tight and in-house Even when he punched Jordan pool It was a big to-do when that that footage got leaked because they've always done such a great job of dealing with their issues in the house And so I think there has been a conversation with Draymond I think there's been several conversations with Draymond. We just haven't been privy to them. And so I I disagree with KG for sure Draymond has been addressed. It's been talked about as a team. It's been talked about as a unit and we should just move for It is an interesting read though, because sometimes it does feel like maybe they're not talking to him Not harshly enough, but seriously enough because he keeps doing it But I guess this is the time we're gonna find out. Um, Chandler Kevin Durant said that Jalen Brunson would be a quote hall of fame player by the end of his career the way he's playing Do you agree? I mean, yeah, he's he's got to do it for about, you know, eight to ten more years at this level But he's on the right path and this is a guy who Man looking back to with Cuban and Dallas. I don't know how you don't resign this guy from 55 million dollars or whatever You could have got him for is outrageous. He he's a perennial all-star. He is a go-to guy He's number one number two option on a very very good team Uh, and what's crazy is he's not one of those guys with this crazy potential, right? Not one of these big names. Villanova. He was great, but he's always just been solid.  He can knock down shots He plays pick and roll. He does everything you want your point guard to do. So I think he's on the right trajectory I think he's unbelievable And I think he's you know, the only bright spot moving forward on this next roster That's going to be there for a really really long time I love that this is happening. All right, Lou This one's a good one Trey Yong said on if he didn't get hurt during the 2021 eastern conference finals quote I ain't gonna lie. We definitely would have won our first chip You were on that team Do you believe that? Cappuccino Listen, I'm I'm with Trey and and the reason What uh, listen the the reason being is because We really felt like we couldn't lose at that at that point We were shooting the ball well and all you know these things about is about time We felt like we were peeking at the right moment We were rolling at the right moment and we had a really good groove and we couldn't miss shots And so Trey having having that that that sense of feeling like we could have won a championship I was right there with a shit. I mean, why not we were in the final four You know, we were right there in the mix as well as anybody else One thing that he left out that was that that's important for context Giannis also missed two games in that series as well as as Trey missing some games And so I felt like there was a series that anybody could have won and could have went on to the To the championship. So him having that feeling it's not as far. It's it's not as outlandish as it sounded But I don't I don't know if we went that far But we had an opportunity just like everybody else dealing with the circumstances. So I'm on offense Chandler did did any of that convince you those words? I mean sure every team I guess when you make it that far every team you think you think you have a chance, right? Like if you're if you're in the semifinals or the finals of the of your conference Yeah, you think you have a chance but To say with that confidence that you read it. You didn't like you didn't no. I'm not rolling Okay, fair enough. Uh shade sharp. Here we go. He was asked about the blazers once they all get healthy quote I think we have something special here They're six and nineteen, uh, but it is a trick question, right? What are you supposed to say? I mean, it could be worse. It could be detroit. It could be here. We go. That's three. That's three strikes No, so hold on. Wait, wait, wait. So so you're rolling with this No, can I finish loose my bad? Finish loose? I don't think it's this bright crazy future like san Antonio. I don't think it's okay Okay, see in a couple years, but when you look at the pieces the scoot hindersons deandre ateon's the the ampery simons They have talent but as far as that translating to a good team anytime soon And no no not at all better about their talent than the set than san Antonio's talent.  You didn't even mention anthony simons like He's I think that's four guys are gonna be better than any four that the san Antonio spurs the guy right now I just I think wim bin yama vacell and kel johnson are better than anybody on the trailblazers No, we don't have that. This is a this is another time. This is another segment Oh, no, no, this is a great time. Well, we have 18 minutes left. Let's hear it This is out of out of out of the out of the four people on the on the porcelain trail blazers that we mentioned And out of the three guys that we've mentioned on the san antonio spurs Anthony simons is a proven Hooper at this point. Everybody else is trying to figure it out. So with that alone, he gives me the age Yeah, but with that Victor wim bin yama. Yeah, take your wim bin yama is pouring everything else right now Taking him over anybody in the NBA for the future, let alone any of these Trailblazers a challenge. I'm going with six and 19 before I go with four and 21 We're screwed either way and we want wins but talking potential I love the kid bacell kelton johnson. He was on team usa. He's proven like Yeah But we just talked about shane shark at some point school henderson is going to wake up Anthony simons is still the best player on that basketball team Hey, you still have you're still got scooters the rookie of the year I'm out of there. No, no, no, no At some point he's going to wake up, but You can't say that It's a feeling It's a vibe. So you so you don't have a feeling about the spurs at some point That's all going to get better and turn around but you have it about No I just I just think there's more pieces in portland. We didn't even mention sohan We didn't even mention sohan either who's also going to be really well. They don't even know what position he is So why not a point guard? We know that I'll tell you this you know barring a huge trade or anything else The san Antonio spurs will make the playoffs before the portland trailblazers in the near Boom I'll take that bet. I'll take a hundred all a bit. Hey, mark this word I want that.   So I'll take a hundred all a bit with you as well Yes, you know, that's the only way she'll ever agree with me is if I ride The only time this whole thing works Man, that was a lot said on that. I feel like we're going to dissect everything you guys just said on this tomorrow


Okay, so I want to call up the panelists now. So Flood Gunther is not here. He want to like lead the panel. The panel is off, we change it slightly. Like Ali, Lumbert and Ismael. And can you come here for the panel, please? Yeah, yeah, yeah, you want, okay, yeah. Yeah, so okay. Yeah, we just take a seat here, okay? Yeah, so we change it a little bit. So what is blockchain and what is blockchain for signs? Yeah, we are like when we first designed the conference, we were into the technicalities and now we are like more on a definition level, right? So we can just take a seat, okay? I mean, the ones that didn't speak, it's only you. Okay, you just introduce you for like in like two lines. Is that okay? And like how you ended up here at the panel, yeah? Yeah, okay. So hi, everyone. My name is Mo and I'm CEO of Celer Network working on off-chain scalabilities. And I'm here because we just came back from the DevCon and this is an awesome event and we want to chime in what we're thinking as a platform builder and how to contribute for a science for blockchain. Okay, cool. Thank you very much. So, okay, so what is blockchain, yeah? That's a good question, okay? So we have the technical stuff, we discussed it. And I just want to like ask you to use it like one limitation is energy consumption. Yes. And do we all agree with that? Like this is like true for certain blockchain setups, right? True, I said, yeah, yeah, yeah. I just mentioned energy consumption of the well-established systems like Bitcoin or Ethereum. It's not necessarily true. If you use proof of stake, for instance, you don't waste energy in that way as well. Yeah, just. So there are other chains like the consortium of private chain where a simple control mechanism is just, oh, this set of nodes is preset and you cannot change that. Well, then you don't need proof of work as well. Yeah, exactly. So this is like one misconception, right? We just want to clean away, right? Well, the fact is that still the well-known established systems like Bitcoin or Ethereum waste loads of energy. Yeah. And then there is like one thing people say like blockchain, it will expose all data to all people all the time. So it's just a design question, right? You can design it. True. There are also other projects, like I mentioned Zcash, for instance, that tries to hide the transactions. They use something, they use advanced cryptography, something called ZK Snarks, which is like zero knowledge proof. This is also ongoing research and there are many, many new interesting advances in this area and we probably will see something. Actually, ZK Snarks is also a scalability solution because you can kind of compress what you have in a succinct, which kind of means short proof what happens. So if you think of state transitions, you could also have a short proof, like from the genesis block to the current block, what happened in this time using ZK Snarks. So there's loads, as I said, is ongoing research, but there's loads of things going on there. And the cool thing about ZK Snarks is it doesn't only solve privacy, but also scalability. Okay. To some extent, yes. Sorry? To some extent. To some extent, yes. Yeah, so we have like this, there's a cap theory, even the graffiti artist put it there, there's a triangle with a cap on top here, the CAP. And there are a lot of people in blockchain space that want to like solve this problem, but to square the skeptical triangle, it would be really revolutionary if you would have a system. So we all need to be skeptical, but we have like several, like a real world trade-offs, as you mentioned, right? Exactly. And you too, okay? So which one is the best? And like even the state channels on top of a blockchain system, they are not decentralized, right? But they have interesting new reproductions here. So these are, so we, I'm pretty fine with all the technical things that we discussed in terms of blockchain up until now, right? And in the beginning, we had like, well, we need cultural changes, right? So where do we see blockchain in science that we can like support cultural changes in science? Well, we have like the time stamping now, well, we could like also send our hashes to Elsevier, right?  I manipulate it, right? But yeah, okay, so, but we have like one thing, it's the time stamping of that. There was a conference once that there was a guy who said like a blockchain, the only thing that blockchain really does is decentralized time stamping of anything, a friend of him told him. So he was a blockchain skeptic, yeah? Blockchain application in science, okay? I think it's great. And this is like the right thing, blockchain does time stamping in a decentralized way. And it's as good as saying the internet is only good for sending bytes around, right? It's as useful as useless, yeah? So, okay, it depends on what we time stamp and what we do with the data on top, yeah? And then I would argue that actually blockchain can offer a lot more than just time stamping. And in the specific context of science and scientific research, you know, there is a lot of things we can do on the crypto economic side. And the one specific topic that I want to introduce to the audience is something called token curated registry, TCR. Yeah, yeah, this is good. We've heard talk about this and this brings us to the crypto economy, right? This whole new token stuff. So you would sub-summarize it under blockchain too? Includes a crypto economy? Yeah. Under the term?  Okay, so, sorry, sorry. All right, yeah, no problem. So just to give a quick overview of TCR, what is TCR you can think of? No, no, we will have this later. We will have this tomorrow. It's a perfect, we will have a talk on that. Oh, okay, okay. Yeah, yeah. No, no, no. I just wanted to, like, let's talk on this ever, like what is blockchain and we will sub-summarize crypto economy about it, yeah? Sure, yeah. We will have a talk on that tomorrow, yeah? Okay. Yeah, yeah, sorry. Yeah, and so, I would say that blockchain is a new way. There was, like, this thing, blockchain can be used for everything and blockchain is not useful for everything. We have, like, these both things, like, well, and I think it comes, do you agree with the statement? It's like, well, blockchain is just a new way to organize all online stuff, right? So if you can represent something online, like fashion, like science, like anything, basically, right? You could do it in a blockchain way, right? So what does this represent to you? If you think of, like, we have centralized first parties at the moment that provide services and I want to include institutes to this that are open science institute publishers, mind being archive, but it's also centralized, right?  So to have, like, let's say an open access journal on IPFS, it's, to me, it's more open science than to have a centralized open access repository somewhere, right? And so to define what blockchain means is that you organize an online service that we already had in a distributed way. They are not just some plugs that you can pull, but you have to pull a lot to stop Bitcoin. In other blockchain, it's decentralized. That means that there's, like, no central entities that can manipulate the system. And it's like, it can be immutable, right? It can't be changed arbitrarily. It can only be changed as described. And it's, like, provable to the outside. And then one guy from Resiliency2 came to me, well, we had systems to design provable systems in 30 years, right? But it's, and then I want to bring it to the hype. It's also a hype because we are sitting talking about these things right now here, right? And not 30 years ago when they had the system to make computer system provable, yeah? Is it okay?  Yeah. Yeah, is it, like? So, thank you. So you're mixing up a lot of things. Yeah. I must admit that as a professor, I have a strong opinion on almost all of these things you brought up. So let me, let me maybe first kind of sort it. Start with maybe cryptocurrencies. So what I think is a lot of people are afraid of fridulations and so on. I think it is the best thing that can happen if it is regulated because, you know, if it's regulated, it kind of leads to trust and if people trust, this leads kind of to acceptance and if people accept it, then they use it. So it's a kind of an easy path for the trade-offs. We talked a lot about them, all these designs and, you know, all these things like anonymity and so it's, they have their own benefits and they have their drawbacks. So for open science, you know, there is countries in the world right now in the 21st century where people are afraid to tell their opinion like, what I do, I openly say you what I think. They can't. So sometimes anonymity is good because then they can timestamp that they were the first who brought up the idea and they don't have to be afraid that they will have some negative consequence because of saying this. On the other side, anonymity is sometimes criticized because, you know, if we kind of publish a scientific paper and somebody criticizes it, even maybe without reasons or with good reasons, but it's done not in a polite way because of this anonymity, it's sometimes also not good. So it is, everything has its benefits and its drawbacks and it depends on the context and that's what I kind of struggle with here, guys, is that we mix it up. As this was the best introduction, we mix it up. I told you in the end of my talk, open science is quite big and I don't need a particular specific kind of use case we should talk about, but it is completely different. Where, what matters? And for sure, for every of the single questions, I guess blockchain may, or kind of the underlying technology, DLT, may provide some opportunities that we maybe could go for. Okay, thanks. I mean, there are a lot of ways you can think of blockchain. You can think about blockchain from a technology point of view which is like a kind of decentralized ledger or decentralized state machine, pro question. But another way you can think about blockchain is from like application point of view, right? From the scientific society and also like in this community, the way I would like to say blockchain is basically a way to create decentralized trust, right? So it's basically this thing that can create trust among mutually untrusted parties in the old world, right? So you and I can all trust each other. And for example, in the time stamping case you mentioned, if we have like notary service, maybe you cannot even trust in the notary service in the beginning if it's like a huge, Nobel, you know, bonding discovery. But with blockchain, you can actually trust that this thing actually happened. And with TCR, the same thing that you can basically create kind of this kind of decentralized trust among trust party. So if that is like a one-sentence definition I would give for blockchain to this community. But do we have a trust problem? Like if I submit my paper to a publisher and it will like be received on this date, we trust them, right? I mean, there's no scientist that argues with Springer like putting a long time stamp on my paper. There are cases where people submitted their papers to conferences and then the peer reviewer, they really liked the idea so much that they declined the paper and published it themselves. So this is documented, that really happened. That's why we also have an extension for an open journal submission system so that when you submit your paper to a conference, it's automatically time-stamped. I have to add, Bella, you're absolutely right. And you know what? Why we need sometimes blockchain or this trustless trust in our community and the scientific community? Because we scientists, per definition, per principles, per our identity, don't trust each other. Even me on my own, if I don't know the authors, if they are not coming from the institution, I kind of am aware of. If they are not publishing in a journal, I trust, I read, I don't even take a look at the paper. And that might be bad. That might be evil because maybe they have kind of something in it that is just true. But this would solve a lot of problems and the cases that Bella mentioned, they are really true, so sad that they are true. I think it's very true. It's good that we are skeptical. I mean, just in the news a few days ago, they found out that there was a bug in Bitcoin that would have made, under some circumstances, double spending possible. I mean, that's something we all agree, of course. That's not possible with Bitcoin. But even in that criticism, it was designed to achieve that it was possible. So we have to be skeptical. And we can like, okay, Lambert, do you want to add something? Yeah, let me maybe introduce, to give a little bit of another perspective on why we benefit from this trustlessness of a protocol. Let me introduce an example of blockchain in another but closed field. And that is higher education. So since two years or so, you have several institutions worldwide who notarize, allow people to notarize educational certificates. So for instance, diploma and so on, on a blockchain. And this is huge. Imagine a country like Malta, they even changed their legislation to support this. And why do they do this? As you maybe know, Malta has like hundreds or thousands of language schools. For some weird reason, I never get this why, but for some reason it's hugely popular to travel to Malta and learn some language. So, but what happens now is some school, some language school goes down the drain, yes. Or take for instance, Hungary. They just outlawed one major university within their country for political reasons. So there are lots of reasons why you do not have this want to rely on the trust relationship to your alma mater on the long run, but instead have a proof that you received some certificate on the blockchain. And this is a well established case. They even have standards governing this use case and so on. And we can learn a lot from this. Imagine this kind of autonomy for learners applied to researchers that they literally own the transactions between them. And there it's not about receiving a grade for your diploma, but it's about other forms of assessment, like for instance peer review, yes. This is super important. Or you submit an idea, right? And you can collect likes for the idea, for example, yeah. Or people like retweet your idea, right? And then we can like in blockchain world we could create new economies around that, yeah. This is not possible in ResearchGate because we know that ResearchGate people can sit down in theory or Springer nature people or LZB people and can change the likes of the admin password in the database, right? This is super important because as a librarian I'm very much concerned about the economy of information markets. And this has potentially a huge impact of how these markets work. Because if you imagine a world where like learners own their certificates, where researchers own all kinds of transactions between them, yeah. In a very literal sense, not in this figurative meaning of oh, we have some kind of peer-to-peer network. No, literally, yes, they own this. Then you have these kinds of information, potentially as a commons. So people can build their business models for like delivering analysis of this data and so on upon this. But there is no privileged access to this kind of information. And this is a huge difference to what happens today. Day by day we rely on closed platforms. We got used to it, right? And these valuable branded platforms, they have privileged access to certain types of information and they make use of it. And we can bring, so this is my hope at least, right? In end to this. So there's a decentralization, right? We don't have a central third party anymore that can manipulate the data, right? Who owns the data? Then they don't own it anymore, right? But this brings problems as well, right? If you don't have a centralized entity that can manipulate the data anymore, then we don't have a centralized entity that can manipulate the data anymore. And this is like the problem, it's like whoever has experience with running an internet service is understands how hard it is to maintain the database in a state that is useful to the people. You don't want to have 300 articles, the same articles with different numbers or identities, right? They're like at big companies like Facebook, there are a lot of mechanical turks working to cleaning up the database so that it's useful, right? If you don't have this anymore, we need to like build game incentives, structures around so that people maintain a good database and that's a tough problem for many things, right? For Bitcoin transaction it's easy, right?  In a way, you really have to re-establish trust and reinvent some aspects of information markets. And make it so that the people decentralized become curator of this data, of this service, right? And there are a lot of, we have projects that work on this and they understand that it's a tough problem, yeah? So maybe centralized, decentralized services will be combined in the future or we'll see like centralized services exist for low-value transactions and for high-value transactions like grant money distribution and things, we might have a blockchain-ified thing. Is that a possible future? I mean, I think centralized services can still exist in the sense that it can be a major or main participant of some decentralized systems, right? So imagine like we have this awesome journal that is newly established and the old school publishers can still be a participant in the token, the TCR, for example, looking at it as a search. And this is like entirely possible. Yeah, okay, cool, yeah. I wanted to add some more skepticism to this whole decentralization idea.  If there is no such central institution, for instance, the big one equivalent is someone steals your private key, your money's lost. There's nothing you can do, there's nothing you can, no one you can talk to. Exactly. This is another problem. I don't think that decentralization per se is something we should always try to achieve, but for some systems that make sense, for some systems that make sense to decentralized trust, for some systems that might not make much sense. And I'm pretty sure that both concepts will still exist in the future, decentralized and centralized systems. Probably we have to make sure that the centralized data processing systems that they don't have full access to the data as well, because privacy is becoming more and more of a concern. So there's where cryptography comes in. So I myself don't really trust institutions or academic institutions necessarily as well, but I trust the math behind the things we are doing. So I trust the cryptography that we're using and for instance, I mean, the Bitcoin paper itself is not, it might come from a well-established institution, but at least it's not labeled as if it was coming from a well-established institution and look at Ethereum, it's like an 18-year-old guy who said like, oh, maybe we can replace the scripting language and make this tour incomplete. Oh, then he got money from Till Foundation, boom, there's Ethereum. There's also not a well-established institution. So I mean, yeah, I think we will still need established institutions and central authorities to some extent, but for important things and especially where it's feasible and not expensive, we should aim for decentralization. But I think the trust will change. I wanna give one example. We know about these manipulations with car engines, the diesel scandal. And I don't think that something like this will happen again because nowadays, I mean, there were a lot of people that were involved, technicians, people that wrote the code, people that tested the code, a lot of people knew about that, but it could kept secret for several, several years. But nowadays, for example, with the service I presented with your mobile phone, even if you're just the person that I don't know who serves or changes the water bottles in the meeting room. And if you hear, okay, this team here is discussing a possibility to manipulate this kind of data. You could make a small voice note and say I was just in a meeting attending and they were discussing that they kind of manipulate the data from engines. And if this would be documented in the blockchain, then these big companies that were involved in this kind of fraud, they would have to pay billions more in fines. So I think by having this kind of transparency and the possibility to timestamp any kind of data, people will have to be more honest or they will have to pay really high fines in the future. So first, I want to say that in most parts I agree with Ismael and Bela. So I think it's like in Star Wars, if I stay with movies, there is always a dark side. There will be always people who will try to do something bad. Or they will, for money, so I wouldn't go so far so to say that something like this would never happen. Maybe it will not take years that we will kind of get knowledge of it or maybe it will be in different settings, but so like, never say never. But what Ismael said, I really liked it and I would like to come back to the decentralization question by you, Zange. So I think that we should go step by step here. So I think what we will observe during the next years will be kind of such hybrid approaches. We will have kind of central parties, big parties who still do the work and they of course get incentives for it. But they will combine it with some decentralization that they will involve all other parties to participate. They just need seconds to verify that the central party is acting according to rules. So there is somebody who has to provide computing and storage power. There is somebody who has to do something. And there is incentives like in Bitcoin or other incentives and there will be kind of these hybrid approaches that they will open it up like in a blockchain that if they kind of compute the hash value, they will do it because of course they will get something for it. But it will take seconds for everybody who wants to see that they do it right. And then not only about hash value, it's all about these processes. And I think this is what will be the next step, this combination. So it's not like tomorrow there's only blockchains and there's no central parties anymore. It will combination. We will see some kind of central parties going down. We'll see some central passing writing it up who really better understand the new idea. It's like with the internet. Some parties want, some parties love. It's always winners and losers. Let me expand a little bit on that. This is super interesting. I think when we go further into the implications of making up these game-like incentivation rules that smart contracts are most often about, right? And to regulate parts of real life through this made up games, right? Then we are quickly, we have to be concerned about and dark and potentially dangerous sites of these games as well. So for instance, there's a very well-established notion in the economic research on comments that when you have some activity that so far is done out of an intrinsic motivation, take for instance, things like Wikipedia or so. And when you introduce to such a system a monetary incentive, you can easily destroy the system. Get it, right? So think about what we do. And this is not easy. This is not an easy yes or no question, right? But many of the systems we hear about today and tomorrow are about introducing monetary incentives to things like peer review. And as you know, so far this works just from the motivational standpoint, more like Wikipedia, yeah? You feel inclined to give back to your researchers, your peers' community by doing peer review. So this is really something we have to keep in mind. And this is why I'm grateful for people like Alexander von Humboldt Institute because they are doing this kind of qualitative research that we urgently need next to developing technical solutions, right? About this kind of questions. Very good. And I would like you to take the responsibility because you know, there is libraries, so we as society, we as people pay taxes for society to spend this money on something society is crucial. Like doing research, like educating people. You have money to provide this computing and storage power to run these kind of databases without looking for other incentive mechanisms. So if we as society decide that it's worse for us to have something like Wikipedia is great and it's also chronologically ordered, you know? You can see the whole chronology of all the article. If libraries would run this and not compete with Starbucks for places where students can kind of drink coffee and learn, but kind of do real crucial thing, then this will be a great mover because we as scientists and students will for sure trust more the libraries that's your advantage than others. So if we as society decide to fund such things, make it possible. You know, I would, yeah. I think these are a great point, but I would like respectfully argue against the cautious thing you mentioned about like gamifying economic incentive and monitoring incentive. I think having blockchain govern something called crypto-economics is actually extremely beneficial. Maybe we're still in the early stage, but we're moving to the right direction. The reason for that is, what is crypto-economics? Is really economics plus code? And that code actually dominates and explicitly tell everyone how this economic mechanism is gonna work. And I think that is about 100 times better than what we have today, which is a very ambiguous, obscure way of governing the economic mechanisms. Yes, there are a lot of challenges to make that explicit code work, including governance, including how to, like there are people trying to acting as central bank these days to issue stable coins to have like a reserve and a bond system programmed as a smart contract. But this mechanism I think could work and could work better than today because it is transparent, basically. Talking about the society, I would like the experts, what's your opinion about how soon can we expect a technology based on blockchain so that elections, local, provincial, or national level starts to become a little more real participatory democracy? Is there any hope for that anytime soon? Can you see that technologically speaking? I would say that technology is far enough. And I think also when we think about elections in Spain, when they wanted to get independent, if we think about how everything would have worked out differently, if this technology would already be in the hands of the normal person, I mean, what did the government do? They sent police forces to ensure that people couldn't go to these election rooms. But if you were able to vote without going anywhere, then maybe the whole outcome would have been differently. So it really, I think your question is a really good one because blockchain technology can have a huge impact on other society questions as well. But let's stay with science and research, okay? We can like say vote on a good idea, okay? Elect in the next good flying concept, okay? Yeah, okay, yeah, yeah. So it's opened up basically, yeah, yeah, Alexander, yeah? I'll have to go back to the election just for this one comment. So it's actually happening already. I just wanted to say that the mayor of Tug, so where our company is, is super forward thinking. And there were already possibilities for people because Switzerland is extremely democratic. So to go and to vote on some local aspects. Actually taking this election example, it's cool. And it's like blockchain, and I completely agree to time same things there, but there's one big problem that is unsolved and that is in the science world, the same problem that blockchain is not about replacing trusted third parties or like get them like get probably rid of them. But we have to have new third parties for the real world blockchain interfaces and one of this is the identity problem. So even the mayor of Tug has to have to find a way to prove the identity of somebody to participate in the election, right? So and we have this example and we talk about this, right? And then we have some problem of like, how do we feed data into a blockchain-ified, totally immutable data set or whatever if you can't trust the sensor, right? We have a talk on this, we have a talk on identity and we should focus on these discussions as well. And then, okay, and then I want to like include one more thing into blockchain, like all blockchain and this is new ways to look at data, yeah? It's like there are projects that deal with like, today there's like this one thing and James said it like once in a good way, like today we give data, we trust somebody with the data to do everything with it and just give them some data. So we give some data very carefully in most of the case in research world, right? To somebody to do everything with it, right? So in the future, we might end up in a point where we give all data to an entity that can only do something with it and very constrained things. So think of sending all blood pressure data of all patients of Berlin. It's my favorite example to a smart contract and the internal review board, IRB board, can carefully review the smart contract and can see line by line that this smart contract is only able to release average blood pressure with a four weeks delay of all Berliners, for example. That would be a cool new way, right? I know that it's like at the moment it's not possible because the smart contract will leak the data to all every nodes that evaluates the smart contract but they are like publication and then we get into trusted hardware and everything. But projects that work on this calling their projects block chain-y fight data, whatever, because they have like, how do we constrain the access to the data? We don't want to have like one entity that is trusted with the constrainment. We have several entities, right? And they call this system block chain too, like so. So in this term, like the block chain of distributed trust becomes like the social, philosophical, political representation of our responsibility to constrain the access to the data. If we like come up with a thing that let's get all patient data from all patients and like send it somewhere, we don't want to have just Max Planck server to trust that the data is constrained. We want to have all research institutes maybe taking responsibility for that, yeah? So this is like it has to do with crypto economies, strong cryptography, new data handling ways, distributed trust and this should be block chain as well because we can like piggyback on the hype to introduce in these new decentralized data ways. This actually is the most, I think, we will like in this next session, we will talk about this, yeah? And have talks on that. Any comments on that or is it okay to call this still block chain or is it too far out? What would you say?  Yeah, you are the computer, you know trusted hardware, you know that these are still dreams, right? How did you call it? What kind of block chain? And no, no, no, no, no. This is, it has like this distributed trust, strong cryptography, approvable ability. Or audits ability. Yeah, all these things. It has no block chain. I mean, all the block chain project in the future might not have a block chain at the end, right? As a data structure, right? So there can be something, right? But it's cool to call this block chain as well. If I'm careful, like enough, okay? Because it is distributed stuff, strong cryptography, and you command on the feasibility or later, you have to go, but I would love to see you like on the next session, but okay, yeah. So one thing is how do you get the data into the block chain? Yeah. There are projects that are working on this. Town Crier for instance, I think it's a group from Connell that's working on this, but how do you actually make sure that the data you get into the smart contract, make sure that it's actually the data you wanted to be in the smart contract? Yeah, that's right, but only the smart contract can decrypt it, maybe, you can just expose it to the outside and only the smart... Yeah, but how do you make sure the authenticity of the data that comes from outside of the block chain? Exactly, we have an identity problem again, right? I could just create 10,000 of patients, virtual patients, and just send it somewhere, right? So we have to constrain that as well, and this is a big problem, I agree, yeah? Maybe a useful way to think about all this is to think about use cases where actually you want to solve existing problems and you explore the problem space and then you think how could I use a block chain or whatever technology that is there? I think that's the right way to approach it in general. Yes, and to expand a little bit on that, maybe there are already interesting use cases out there that you can apply in research and science. So for instance, we had this super interesting hint to that cache and zero-knowledge snarks, and imagine that, yes? You can prove to your tax office, if necessary, that you received a certain amount of money in a certain times, man, and at the same time, to the rest of the world, this is completely opaque and nobody understands this, and this is exciting and think about this level of autonomy that you have above your own transactions and you can easily, as an analogy, you can find use cases for that, or I see use cases for that, and higher education and research as well, yes? It gives you much, much more autonomy against, yeah. Enough said. Okay, yeah, so I just wanted to do two things. There's lunch outside and we continue, and everybody who wants to go to lunch just goes to lunch, the other people just stay, okay? Yeah. Is that okay? And we open up the panel at the same time, yeah? Okay, so, or should we just, no, we just continue if you're hungry to eat, okay? Okay, yeah. Just coming back to the data point a little bit, like basically, how do we see data in blockchain? Right, so the great question is that, okay, we have all this cryptographic construction, so we have homographic computation, which means that you can do computation like entirely, sorry. Sorry, I have to go. Yeah, yeah, yeah, just go, okay, excellent. Yeah, cool, yeah. Sorry. Yeah, it's okay. Yeah, okay, so yeah, yeah, this is a very interesting topic. Yeah, so basically, we have data, you have data, and if we derive this from first principle, that is like we want to use blockchain, why? Blockchain is for decentralized trust, to create a trust amount on trusted people. So why do, what kind of data you really want this kind of trusted services?  So this is like for data on blockchain, or data's use case on blockchain is mostly about self sovereignty of the data, right? So you have a genomic data, you want to contribute to the scientific research, but you don't want to, like not everyone know that, you know, maybe like I will go Alzheimer's like in 50 years. So how do we do that? The blockchain is a layer to break down the financial barriers to make the incentive work, but there are a lot of things that need to be built on top to make this actually work. And several key pieces including privacy computing, that is like you can do computation on encrypted data and extract some information out of this. And you know, homographic encryption, that is like basically zero knowledge proof, that is you can prove something is valid and fit some property saying that, okay, my blood pressure is about 150, but like at the same time not revealing exactly what's your blood pressure, for example. This is the kind of a thing that zero knowledge proof is capable of. And these things that would need to be built on top of this incentivized layer because at the end of the day, you're selling your data, you're selling yourself. So this kind of incentive need to be realized on blockchain in a trust free way. So yeah, that's my thing to understand. I forgot this, like the multi-party computation to like a source incentivize it that you have a decentralized way. Yes, yes, that's right. Okay, okay, this was even the more obvious argument to call it also blockchain. These new data handling paradigms, yeah. So since nobody's going, like you can leave. No, I have a question. Yeah, yeah, yeah. Hi, I'm over here. It's totally okay that you just stand up, okay. I know that I mean like for lunch, sorry. Oh, cool. So you're sitting there, you're sitting there. Yeah, I really like sitting. I'm a little bit confused about this conference because I'm hearing, I love that we're talking about blockchain and everything like that, but it was my impression that was gonna be how is blockchain gonna help us in science with all the problems that we really, really have. And from what I'm hearing is that there's all this great technology, but I'm not hearing a lot of how are you gonna solve professors not getting tenure because there's so many people still not, they're not leaving. How are they gonna solve the paywall problems? How are we gonna help people in countries in like Brazil? They're not trusted, their research is not trusted just because they're not at Max Planck, for example, right? So I'm just saying, right, you have to move as a scientist to be, these are the actual problems in science that we really want to solve. So how is blockchain gonna help us? Yeah, good question. We have like, we create new incentive structures. We create new different incentive structures. We submit things blindly, but immutably, and you don't know whether it's for Max Planck's idea or for like some remote country in wherever, and some people don't accept this and you don't know whether it's a valid, it's from a arena, it's from a well-known institute or not, and you can reveal it later if you want. But people might still invest in it. They might think it's maybe from Harvard, but it's like really not from Harvard, you know? So they don't know, so we have this pseudonymity that I could like think of, right? Or we can have new value flows. We have new systems that can of course be game, but the current system is game big times, right? But we just have like changing incentivization structures that we can easily build on top of blockchain systems because today we only have like one, two, three systems. We have a monolithic incentivization structure. We have like all these committees that like come up with review in processes because they have the obligation to the taxpayer to distribute the research money in a very well-planned way, right? So it is this big effort of like grants and grant review and you plan your research for the next three years, right? Like what we addressed today, right? But we have a blockchain system. We can like rely on this obligation to have a trustworthy way of distributing the research money and at the same time have very innovative new ways, yeah? So this would be one answer to this, the one vision, okay? Now we're talking visions, right? We like, it's like the phoenix from the ashes. Like blockchain was completely destroyed this morning. Now we rebuild it for the next one and a half days, okay? So just your timing on that a little bit also, right? So if we were talking about real problems, maybe like the 10 year problem that I also couldn't solve, that's why I quit academia and started a company. But what, well, so, but another thing that you just reminded me is that it may make the flow of public contribution to research funding much more easier, okay? So let me just give you an example here. So in Berkeley, in UC Berkeley, there is a project called BONIC. And BONIC's about finding aliens. So it basically analyzed the tattics of scope data and tried to see if there is like a planet that is suitable for human living. And maybe aliens, little green guys are living there. So that project is struggling, right? So they cannot get enough funding because who cares the finding aliens, right? So, but if you think, and there are a lot of projects like that. So basically you can install a software on your laptop and fold proteins for medical researchers. But no one is doing that these days. Now, but what blockchain can enable is this kind of frictionless micro payment, frictionless micro contribution to researchers, right? So you could now actually start to run a folding protein program on your cell phone or on your laptop, even when you're sitting at the conference. And at the same time, someone, some rich guy or some like a research institution who has money can directly fund this process by giving you cryptocurrency, because the cryptocurrency entire friction to cross financial barriers and financial silos are so low that it's not becoming a problem if you're just doing like $1 of work. You can do $1 of work and still get paid, but you just couldn't do it today because of the financial barriers. And that's kind of the thing that's just one thing that can immediately make me think of how this can help research. We have to close the panel, all right? Lunch.


The Circuit Python Parsec today, I wanted to show you some fun tricks that you can do with lists. So in this example, you can see the setup here. I am creating a list, happens to be a list of strings, and these are some color names blue, green, indigo, orange, purple, red, violet, yellow. The list there, I can then do some really efficient manipulations with to grab different items from the list, some sets of the list, grab a particular item, let's say the last one, grab the first one, shift the list around. What I'm going to do is I'm just going to simply run this code. It's just going to run one time. So if you look in my serial output at the bottom there, when I run the code here, you can see it's going to tell us some things, and it takes a second between each one. So we can look at those. We have the whole list getting printed out, and that is this right here, blue, green, indigo, orange, purple, red, violet, yellow. I am then asking for the last element. Just tell me what's the last element. The last element is the word yellow. How did I do that? I said, give me my list, and then in brackets, minus one. So the list, and then index, minus one, grabs the last item in the list. If I want to grab a subset of that, a little slice of that, we can just ask for them by number. I said, you know what? Give me from the first to roughly the middle. So I said go from zero, and then colon my list divided by two as an integer, and so that gives me this partial list here. This slice is just blue, green, indigo, and orange. If I want to ask for everything, but I want to exclude the last item in the list, we can say my list, and then in brackets, zero through minus one. If I want to ask for everything but the first element, I can just start essentially a slice that begins at something other than zero. So my list, one, colon, and then leave off a number at the end, and it'll just go from there to the end of the list, and that's this one right here that you can see no longer starts with blue. And then this one requires a little bit of setup. What I'm going to do is create a temporary item that is the first item in the list. So my list is zero. I'm grabbing that and giving it a variable named temp first. And then I'm going to take my list from zero to the last, and I'm going to shift that one to the left. So I'm taking that range, and I'm moving it to start at one. And then I can replace the last item with the first, and so that's how we get first a shift, and then that blue getting tacked back on to the end. And so that is a number of ways that you can have fun with lists inside of CircuitPython. And that is your CircuitPython Parsec.


So without further ado, let's go ahead and give a warm welcome to Natasha. Come on, you guys, give her a warm welcome. As she comes on up, it is never easy to come here on stage. And I say sorry for me trying to catch you. But, you know, we want the opportunity for God to receive the glory. Amen. You know, we get a chance to hear it, but we want you to get the chance to hear it so that you can receive it for yourself today. So Natasha, can you tell us just a little bit about how you got here and what's your journey been like since then? So, yeah, let's go there. So for a very long time, my husband and I, we've been looking for a church, a home church. And the first time we stepped into Hungry Jen, I was like, okay, this is the church. This is our home church. And for a long time, I've battled with suicidal thoughts for 20 years to be exact. And I didn't feel like I wanted to share, like to be open. I was afraid of sharing with it with people. I was just keeping it in to myself. And also I came from a culture where I was taught that it's only you and Jesus, nobody else. And in all honesty, you can't do life with just you and God. You need other people. So my husband pushed me to join the home group, which I was like not used to. And I decided to join a home group, Mariana's home group. And when I joined the home group, I kept on going time after time. But at the same time, I felt like skeptical. I'm like, cause the ladies there, they were just like, you know, being real, sharing everything. And I was like, no, it's not gonna happen. And then I went home and my husband's asked me, are you gonna go again? And I'm like, yeah, I'll still go.  It's like an AA meeting. Everybody's just sitting there and just talking and sharing and I'm just here quiet, like just listening. And then it was like two weeks before home group ended, before it was about to end. I was sitting there and then I felt like the Holy Spirit was just giving me this extra push. Like I need to share what is it that I'm going through? What is it that I'm battling with? What am I afraid of? And I was like, so I just came out, I'm like, hey guys, I've been suicidal for 20 years. I don't know what to do. I feel like it's getting to a point where it's getting worse and I just need help. And then right away, the ladies gathered around me. They prayed for me. And like two weeks after that prayer, I was like delivered, completely delivered from suicidal thoughts. Come on.  Like you had intrusive thoughts, you had even dreams. Can you just tell us a little bit about how bad that was? It was like at a very tender age when I was probably five or two. It was like so bad to the point.  I tried hanging myself. I tried just drowning myself into the beaches and waters because that's where the tropical climates are. So I tried to do all these things. Even got into a car accident. And the dreams got worse. Like in 2018, the year started and I started analyzing my life. I'm like, you know what? What I'm going through is not normal. I need to seek help. I need to do whatever it takes to get to my freedom. And I kept on having nightmare after nightmare like, hey, you're just gonna drive off the blue bridge and be done. And I was like, I need these nightmares to stop. And it was to a point like, okay, that's when I said, you know what? I need the help. I need to listen to my husband and talk to someone. Like I never shared with anyone, never shared with my husband. I just went to a live group and spoke about it. I'm like, wow. I just aired out my dirty laundry to people. But oh well. Well, but tell us now. I mean, how long ago since that prayer happened and how are you doing now? I am doing way much better. I'm bolder. I'm stronger. And I just feel like I have this passion inside of me. I don't know how to like contain it, but I'm like, hey God, I'm ready. I'm ready for whatever you have for me. I'm ready. Amen, amen. And tell us, what is your vision? What is your plan next here at Hungry Jen? Well, my next plan is to do the destiny training and to also to be able to empower other people, women, and to reach out to them and share to them that they should speak out. Cause people are looking for people that are being real and just share what they are going through and just meeting them at the point of their need. Come on. Come on, you guys. Give God some praise and glory for that. That is incredible. And Natasha, can you tell us what would be your word of advice for someone that is internally struggling? And they are afraid to share. I mean, maybe they feel shame to it. You know, the enemy loves to hide and say that's your identity, but it's not. It's just the enemy's way of trying to hide in that sin or that bondage or that struggle. What would you advise people today to do to receive their freedom like you did? Well, first of all, I would encourage everyone, if you're not a part of a life group, join a life group. And don't be afraid to start a home group. If someone isn't starting a home group, start one. Be the change. Step out. You don't have to be qualified and you don't even have to be a good speaker. You just need to step out and fade, open the doors of your home and invite people and let the Holy Spirit work through you. Come on, Natasha. All right. Come on. It's been incredible. It's been over two years. And for her to even share last week how she's completely free, I mean, that enemy loves to come knocking on the door, but she said it's all about maintaining and knowing your authority, knowing to rebuke the enemy and say, you know what? That is my past. That is not a thing anymore. I rebuke you. And that's exactly what she's been doing and she's been free for the past almost two years now. So come on, you guys. Let's give God some glory.