From around the globe, it's theCUBE with digital coverage of IBM Think 2021, brought to you by IBM. Welcome back to theCUBE coverage of IBM Think 2021. I'm John Furrier, the host of theCUBE here for virtual event. Kumaran Siva who's here with corporate vice president with AMD CBP and business development. Great to see you. Thanks for coming on theCUBE. Nice to be here. It's an honor to be here. I mean, I love AMD, love the growth, love the processors. Epic 7003 series was just launched and it's out in the field. Give us a quick overview of the processor, how it's doing and how it's going to help us in the data center and the edge. For sure. No, this is an exciting time for AMD. This is probably one of the most exciting times to be honest. And in my 20 plus years of working in the semiconductor industry, I think I've never been this excited about a new product as I am about the third generation Epic processor that we just announced. Since the Epic 7003 is what we're calling it's a series processor. It's just a fantastic product. We not only have the fastest server processor in the world with the AMD Epic 7763, but we also have the fastest CPU core. So the processor being the complete package, the complete socket. And then we also, the fastest core in the world with the Epic 72F3 F4 frequency. So that one runs super fast on each core. And then we also have 64 cores in the CPU. So it's addressing both kind of what we call scale up and scale out. So it's overall just an enormous product line that I think will be amazing with an IBM cloud. The processor itself includes 256 megabytes of L3 cache. And you know, cache is super important for a variety of workloads in the large cache size we have shown or we have seen scale in particular cloud applications, but across the board, you know, database, Java, a whole source of things. This processor is also based on the Zen 3 core which is basically 19% more instructions per cycle relative to our Zen 2. So that was the prior generation, the second generation Epic cores, which are called ROM. So this new CPU is actually quite a bit more capable. It runs also at a higher frequency with both the 64 core and the frequency optimized device. And finally, we have what we call all-in features. So rather than kind of segment our product line and charge you for every little thing you turn on or off, we actually have all-in features which includes, you know, really importantly, security, which is, you know, becoming a big, big team and something that we're partnering with IBM very closely on. And then also things like 128 lanes of PCIe, Gen4, are RAM interfaces that go up to four terabytes. So you can do these big large, large in-memory databases. The PCIe interfaces gives you lots and lots of storage capability. So all in all super products and we're super excited to be working with IBM on this. Well, let's get into some of the details on this impact because obviously it's not just one place where these processors are going to live. You're seeing a distributed surface area, core to edge, cloud and hybrid is now in play. It's pretty much standard, now multi-cloud on the horizon. Companies are going to start realizing, okay, I got to put this to work and I want to get more insights out of the data. And there's a zillion applications that are evolving on this. But you guys have seen some growth in the cloud with the epic processors. What can customers expect and why are cloud providers choosing epic processors?  So we kind of do what we say and say what we do and we deliver it on time. So we actually announced, I think was back in August of 2019, their second generation epic part. And then now in March, we are now in the third generation, very much on schedule, very much in thin expectations and meeting the performance that we had told the industry and told our customers that we're going to meet back then. So it was a really super important piece is that our customers are now learning to expect performance gen on gen and on time from AMD, which is I think really a big part of our success. The second thing is I think we are a leader in terms of the core density that we provide and cloud in particular really values high density. So the 64 core is absolutely unique today in the industry and that it has the ability to be offered both in bare metal as we have been deployed in IBM cloud and also in virtualized type environments. So it has that ability to span a lot of different use cases and you can run each core really fast but then also have the scale out and then be able to take advantage of all 64 cores. Each core has two threads up to 128 threads per socket. It's a super powerful CPU and it has a lot of value for the cloud provider. There are actually about over 400 total instances by the way of AMD processors out there and that's of all the flavors of course not just the third generation but still it's starting to really proliferate and we're trying to see AMD epic all across the cloud. More cores, more threads, all goodness. I got to ask you, I interviewed Arvin, the CEO of IBM before he was CIO at a conference and he's always been, I know him, he's always loved cloud, right? So but he sees it a little bit differently than just being like copying the clouds. He sees it as we see it unfolding here I think hybrid. And so I can almost see the playbook evolving. Red has an operating system, cloud and edge is a distributed system. It's got that vibe of a system architecture and almost got processors everywhere. Could you give us a sense of an overview of the work you're doing with IBM cloud and what AMD's role is there? I'm curious, could you share for the folks watching too? For sure, for sure. Well, by the way, IBM cloud is a fantastic partner to work with. So first off, you talked about the hybrid. Hybrid cloud is a really important team for us and that's an area that we are definitely focused in on. But in terms of our specific joint partnerships and we did an announcement last year, so it's somewhat public, but we are working together on AI where IBM is an undisputed leader with Watson and some of the technologies that you guys bring there. So we're bringing together, kind of this real hard work goodness with IBM's prowess and know-how on the AI side. In addition, IBM's also known for really enterprise grade security and working with some of the key sectors that need and value reliability, security, availability in those areas. And so I think in that partnership we have quite a strong relationship and partnership around working together on security and doing confidential compute. Tell us more about the confidential computing. This is the joint development agreement. Is it a joint venture or joint development agreement? Give us more detail on this. Tell us more about this announcement with IBM cloud and AMD confidential computing. So that's right. So there's some key pillars to this. One of us is being able to work together and define open standards, open architecture. So jointly with an IBM and also pulling in some of the assets in terms of Red Hat to be able to work together and pull together a confidential compute. That can, so it's some key ideas here. We can work within a hybrid cloud. We can work within the IBM cloud and to be able to provide you with, provide our joint customers, our end customers with unprecedented security and reliability in the cloud. What's the future of processors? What should people think when they expect to see innovation? Certainly data centers are evolving with core features to work with hybrid operating model in the cloud. People are getting that edge relationship but basically the data center is a large edge. Now you've got the other edges. We've got industrial edges. You've got consumers, people, wearables. You're going to have more and more devices big and small. What's the roadmap look like? How do you describe the future of AMD in the IBM world? Well, I think our IBM-AMD partnership is bright. Future is bright for sure. And I think there's a lot of key pieces there. I think IBM brings a lot of value in terms of being able to take on those upper layer, upper layers of software and the full stack. So IBM's strength has really been as a systems company and as a software company. So combining that with AMD's silicon and CPU devices really is a great combination. I see growth in, obviously in deploying kind of this scale out model where we have these very large core count CPUs. I see that trend continuing for sure. I think that is sort of the way of the future that you want cloud-native applications that can scale across multiple cores within the socket and then across clusters of CPUs within the data center. And IBM is in a really good position to take advantage of that and to drive that within the cloud. That in combination with IBM's presence on-prem. And so that's where the hybrid cloud value proposition comes in. And so we actually see ourselves playing in both sides. So we do have a very strong presence now and increasingly so on-premises as well. We partner, we're very interested in working with IBM on-premises with some of the key customers and then offering that hybrid connectivity onto the IBM cloud as well. IBM and AMD, great partnership. Great for clarifying and sharing that insight. You more appreciate it. Thanks for coming on the queue. I do want to ask you while I got you here, kind of a curveball question, if you don't mind. As you see hybrid cloud developing, one of the big trends is this ecosystem play, right? So you're seeing connections between IBMs and their partners being much more integrated. So, you know, cloud has been a big API kind of model. You connect people through APIs. There's a big trend that we're seeing and we're seeing this early in our reporting on SiliconANGLE, the rise of a cloud service provider within these ecosystems where, hey, I could build on top of IBM cloud and build a great business. And as I do that, I might want to look at an architecture like an AMD. How does that fit into your view as doing the business development over at AMD? I mean, because people are building on top of these ecosystems. They're building their own clouds on top of cloud. You're seeing data clouds, you're seeing these kinds of clouds, specialty clouds. So, I mean, we could have a cube cloud on top of IBM maybe someday. So, I might want to build out a whole, I might be a cloud. So, that's more processors needed for you guys. So, how do you see this enablement? Because IBM's going to want to do that. It's kind of like, I'm kind of connecting the dots here in real time, but what's your take on that? What's your reaction? No, I think that's right. And I think AMD is in a pretty good position with IBM to be able to enable that. We do have some very significant OSB partnerships. A lot of which that are leveraged into IBM such as Red Hat, of course, but also like VMware and Nutanix. These OSB partners provide kind of the base level infrastructure that we can then build upon and have that API and be able to build the multi-cloud kind of environments that you're talking about. And I think that's right. I think that is one of the kind of future trends that we will see. The services that are offered on top of IBM Cloud that take advantage of the capabilities and the platform that come with it. And the bare metal offerings that IBM offer on their cloud is also quite unique and very performant. And so this actually gives, I think the kind of the, I've already called it a meta-cloud, a unique ability to kind of go in and take advantage of the AMD hardware at a performance level and to take advantage of that infrastructure better than they could in other cloud environments. I think that's actually very key and one of the features of the IBM Cloud that differentiates it. So much headroom there. Come on, I really appreciate you sharing that. I think it's a great opportunity, as I say, if you want to build and compete, finally there's no, with a white space with no competition or be better than the competition. So as they say in business, thank you for coming on and sharing. Great, great future ahead for all builders out there. Thanks for coming on theCUBE. Thanks, thank you very much. Okay, IBM ThinkCube coverage here. I'm John Furrier, your host. Thanks for watching.


What's going on, infinite family? Welcome back to another video. It's your girl Janice. If you guys are new to the channel, make sure you hit that subscribe button and join the family, because guys, I have a banger for you all today. So obviously I'm talking very, very loudly, and you know when I'm talking loud, that means Isaiah's not here with me. Now, I don't know if you guys realize this by now, but Isaiah is super impatient, so he's in the car waiting for me. I told him that I'm finishing up my makeup because he's about to take me to a Mediterranean spot to eat, and I'm super excited, not only to eat, but because I am pranking that as today. Now Isaiah knows that we're supposed to be filming, but what he doesn't know is I went on Amazon a little while ago and I purchased fake teeth. Guys, these teeth look so freaking real, so I'm basically going to be pretending that my teeth fell out to get his reaction. Now I'm gonna be eating, chilling, and all of a sudden I'm gonna freak the hell out, and hopefully it makes him freak out too, and we are going to get that reaction. So guys, if you are ready for today's video, and if you are on Team Janice, don't forget to smash that like button and comment it down below, and let's get this prank started. What's going on, Infinite Fam? Welcome back to another video. If you guys are new to the channel, make sure you guys hit that subscribe button, start on your post notification, but leave a positive comment down below for a chance to get a wha. For a chance to get a shout out in the next video. That is right, guys, so today I'm gonna be taking Janice to this little Mediterranean restaurant. It's not anything crazy fancy or anything like that. It's something that I put her on a while ago, but I kinda just wanna show you guys cause she's obsessed with it. I really am. And every time I go there, I get something really basic. I just get hot chicken and white rice, but you wanna tell them what they got over there. They got a crazy selection of Mediterranean stuff. It's basically like a Mediterranean Chipotle, but it's super healthy and it tastes so much better than Chipotle. That's a really good way to put it. I never thought about it like that. It is like Chipotle, just Mediterranean. Shout out to the Mediterranean's. Y'all, if you're Mediterranean, comment down below and you ready to go? I'm ready to go, I'm ready to grub.  I'm gonna think about it on the drive there. He gonna get Chipotle, I know it. I'm gonna think about it. All right guys, so I'm in the car right now. Isaiah just went inside to get Chipotle. I got my food and have the teeth in my hand. I don't know if you guys can see, focus. Okay, yeah, these are the teeth and I'm not gonna use all of them. I'm probably just gonna use like a couple because it's gonna be like really, all of your teeth fell out at the same time, really. But trust me guys, I got this. So, super excited and let's wait for him to come in. I did it. Isaiah could not wait to eat. I couldn't wait to eat. You took the first bite of your food. Okay, fine, look, this is what I got.  First of all, he swear that he put me onto all the healthy eats. Only thing that he put me onto was to this one place. And are you not obsessed with it? I am, but that's not the point because he's like. I paved the way for you. I paved the path of healthiness in your health journey. That was awesome.  You didn't even tell them what you got. Let's go to Starbucks. I haven't actually go to Starbucks in a long time.  I said you used to. Used to, now I'm on a health journey. Anyway, we all know that's a lie, but I got this. So basically what's in it is grilled chicken, basmati rice, pickled onions, which don't sleep on that because I know it sounds disgusting but it's fire. Why do you want no pickled onions? I got mixed greens, red pepper hummus, it's so fire. But yeah, a whole bunch of delicious stuff. That sounds like a heart attack. Tomatoes, avocados, yum. Sounds like a heart attack waiting to happen. That's exactly what that sounds like, guys. No.  And now I got my nice grilled nuggets. No, not grilled, fried nuggets. Fried nuggets, grilled.  He said grilled nuggets, I'm dead. Whatever bro, whatever. You ever notice that they put a P.F. Chang's? Oh my god. What? Oh my god. What, you bit your tongue? What, you bit your cheek? Did you bite your cheek? Oh my god. What is that, onion you spit out? Ew, why are you, I don't know what to tell you but your teeth randomly fall out. What was it? Open.  Open your mouth. What is it, a mole that fell out? All right, I can't see either because you're not letting me see. Open your mouth. No, I don't want to see that. Look, babe, there's grease. I don't want to see that, I don't want to see that, I don't want to see that, I don't want to see it. Babe, I too. I don't want to see it. Do you want me to glue it? I'm not looking at that, bro. They come on, I need to put it back in. No, put the teeth away. Please. Put the teeth away. Put the teeth away. Put your teeth away. I'm trying to help, you put your teeth away. Babe, okay, fine. Did you put them away? Yes. Open your mouth. Yo, what do you want me to do? I'm not looking at that tooth. Please, just please. I'm not looking at the tooth. No, I'm not. Why not? Bro, I'll take you to a dentist. Let me find out where it came out from first. That's what I'm telling you. All right, put the tooth away. Put the tooth away. Oh my God. Put the tooth away. I don't know why you're so disappointed. Put the tooth away. Put the tooth away. Did you put it away? Yes. Okay, open your mouth. Let me see. From, I'm trying to see what tooth was it that fell out. I don't want to see the actual tooth. Take me to a dentist. I don't, oh my God, bro, stop. Babe, it's a prank. They're fake teeth. Here. Don't they look real?  Falling out. So who's really messing up right now? Stop. You were shook. Honestly, you were like stuck. You didn't know what to do.  I'm sorry. Like, how did your teeth randomly fall out? One, that's scary as hell. Like, and then two, and you're... Team Janisse, that's all I have to say. That's on period. I just keep getting these bingers. What can I say?  Amazing. Honestly, I dropped. I don't know if you guys saw. I dropped the teeth in my bowl. Where's the tooth? It's back there, you tossed it. Gimme that, I need that. For what? The tooth fairy. Stupid. You better get some five dollars. I might have got a five dollar bill. All right, we're gonna finish our food and then we're gonna talk to you guys after. So? I can't stop sneezing. Guys, Isaiah has this thing where like, I don't know if we've mentioned this before. It's a real thing. But it's, I guess, a disease, they say. It's a real thing. It's a real disease.  It's like after you experience some type of like. It's like rhino something.  But yeah, enough about me. And let's talk about that BS doodoo prank you just did. It was not BS doodoo because he was freaking out. I don't know if you guys saw that, he was sweating. How would you feel if my teeth just start randomly falling out? Like one, I don't like seeing stuff like that. That's like, what is that called? Like gruesome? Like what do you call that? It's not really gruesome. There wasn't no blood. Like I just don't, I just don't want to see it. I don't want to, I don't want to see loose teeth. That's just weird. It's gross. I'm eating like, ugh. So dramatic. Call me dramatic. I don't care. You've never seen Saw grow up. Here, don't touch me. Come on. No, now that another fake, they don't bother me. Guys, I literally have them in my hand. Wait a minute. That's why you didn't want to go inside and show them a Kava, the Mediterranean restaurant. Yeah, I know. I wanted to show them that restaurant today. That's what I wanted this video to be about. Guys, there's nothing special. It looks like a regular like Chick-fil-A, any like normal stuff. I wanted to show them all the selections and all the food that they offer. That's why you didn't want to go in and show them that. Babe, it's totally... Whatever, bro, whatever, bro. Are you mad? You really wanted to show them Kava? We could show them one another time. No, I'm gonna get my revenge, don't worry about it. Okay, well, it is now time for today's post notification shout out. Today's post notification shout out goes out to Bankroll Alex. Thank you so much for your love and support. Isaiah and I love you. And if you want a post notification shout out, all you guys gotta do is like, comment, share, and subscribe. Turn on those post notification bells so you're notified whenever we post a new video. And with all of that being said, we will catch you all in the next banker. Oh wait, did I not say this? Don't forget to comment down below team Janice because this was a banker. Now, love you guys and we'll catch you in the next one. Yeah, what up?


Live from Santa Clara, in the heart of Silicon Valley, it's theCUBE, covering Cloud Foundry Summit 2017. Brought to you by the Cloud Foundry Foundation and Pivotal. Welcome back, I'm Stu Miniman, joined by my co-host John Troyer. Happy to welcome back to the program, friend of theCUBE, James Waters, SVP, a product at Pivotal. James, great to see you, and thanks for helping to get theCUBE to Cloud Foundry Summit. Yeah, I was just saying, this is the first time theCUBE is at CF Summit, so we're official now, we're all grown up, we're out in the daylight, and you know you made it when theCUBE shows up, so excited to have you here. Absolutely, so a lot of things going on, we had Chip on talking about some of the big announcements, from Pivotal's standpoint, what's some of the important milestones and releases happening? Yeah, I think in the simplest terms, the big new thing is came out of our collaboration with Google, it's called Kubo, which is Kubernetes on Bosch, and I think that was a big move, got a lot of applause in the keynote when it was announced yesterday, and I think it shows two things, one is that Cloud Foundry really is going to embrace multiple ways of deploying artifacts and managing things, and it were really the cloud-native platform and willing to embrace container abstractions, app abstractions, data abstractions. Pretty uniquely, which is there hasn't been another platform out there that embraces those with specialized ways of doing them, and I'm really excited about the customer response to that approach. Jim, help us unpack that a little bit, so we look at, the term seems this year, everybody, it's multi-cloud, we're all talking back. I think back to the days when we talked about platform as a service, one of the pieces was, oh well, I should be able to have my application and move lots of places, that's what I heard when I talked about Cloud Foundry. When Docker came out, everybody's like, oh well, Paz is dead, Docker's going to do this. When Kubernetes came out, oh wait, this takes the core value of what platform as a service done, and today you're saying, Kubo, Cloud Foundry, and Kubernetes with some Bosch, pulling it all together, walk us through, because it's nuanced, and there's pieces of that, so I hope you'll understand. I like to say that even though sometimes you have open-source communities have their own sense of identity, there's really not a God abstraction in cloud programming. There's not one abstraction that does it all, and the simplest way you can see that is that people are interested in function as a service today, they're also interested in containers as a service. Well, those two are not compatible, right? Like, you don't deploy your whole Docker image to Amazon Lambda, but people are interested in both of those, and then at the same time, there's this hypergrowth of Spring Boot, which is I think the most efficient way of doing Java programming in the cloud, which is really at the core of our app abstraction. And so we see people, there's hypergrowth in function as a service, app as a service, especially with Spring Boot, and then also container. And I think the approach that we've had is because there's not one God abstraction, that our platform needs to embrace all of those, and that actually it's pretty intuitive once you start really using them, and you get beyond the slides and the buzzwords, when to use one versus the other. And I think that's what users have been really excited about is that Pivotal and Cloud Foundry community has embraced kind of that breadth in terms of different approaches to cloud native. Yeah, a lot of- Seven cents to you, John? Yeah, it's starting to, right? A lot of people like to do all or nothing about everything, right? It's all going to be, we're going to be serverless by next year, which doesn't make any sense at all. That's right. And so, yeah, you have multiple programming models, like you said, multiple different kinds of abstractions. So when would somebody want to use containers as a service or container orchestration versus some of the other application models? Yeah, it's a really, really great question. And I just had a really productive customer meeting this morning where we went through that. They had some Node.js developers that they said, look, these developers just want to get their code to production. They don't want to think about systems. They don't want to think about operating systems. They don't want to think about clusters. They're just like, here's my app, run it for me. And that's the core trick that Cloud Foundry's done the best of any platform in the world, which is CF push. And so for a Node.js developer, here's my app, run it for me, load balance it, health management, log aggregate it, give me quotas on my memory usage, everything. That's a good example of that. Then they also had a team that was deploying a kind of elastic search and some packaged applications. And they needed the level of control that Kubernetes provides in terms of pods, co-location, full control of a system image, the ability to do networking in a certain way as an ability to control storage. And you don't just take Elastic Search and say, here's my Elastic Search tarball, run it for me. You actually start to set up a system. And that's where Kubernetes Containers of Service is perfect. Then the other question is like, how do you stitch those together? And you've seen the Kubernetes community adopt the service broker API, the open service broker API to Cloud Foundry as a common way of saying, oh, I have an Elastic Search over here, but I want to bind it to an application. Well, they use the CF Services API. So I think it's early days, but there's actually a coherent fabric forming across these different approaches. And it's also immediately intuitive. Like we didn't know, when we first conceived of adding Kubo to the mix, we didn't know what the educational level of education we have to provide, but it's been intuitive. Every client I've talked to so far. So that's fun for me to watch you say a few words. I'm like, oh, we get it. Yeah, we've used that for this and this for this. All right, James, I have to up level it a little bit there. So, you travel way more than I do. We kind of watch on social media. Prove me wrong, but I can't imagine when you're talking to the C-suite of a Fortune 100, pick your financial or insurance company that they're immersed in the languages and platform discussion that the hoodie crowd is. So, where are you having those discussions? One of the things I come into the show and say Pivotal and Cloud Founder are helping customers with that whole digital transformation and making that reality. So, help us with that disconnect of down in the weeds trying to build this very complex stack and the C-suite says I want to be faster. I'll tell you what the C-suite has to solve. They've got to solve two things. One is they've got to deliver faster and more efficiently than ever before. That's their language and our core app abstraction has been killer for digital transformation. Deliver apps faster, find your value line and approach problems that way. They get that, that's why we've been succeeding economically. That's been a big hit. But they also have another problem is they want to retain talent and when they're trying to retain talent, some of those times those folks are saying, well, we want a little bit more control. We want to be able to use a container free one or think about something like Spring Cloud Dataflow to do high-end data pipelines. And so they do care about having a partner in Pivotal and in Cloud Foundry that can embrace those new trends. Because they've got to be able to not be completely top down in how they're enabling their organizations while also encouraging efficiency. And so that's where this message of multiple abstractions really hits home for them because they don't always want to referee some of the emerging trends in tech and telling their team what they have to use. So by providing function app container and data service, we can be the one partner that doesn't force that a priori in the discussion. Is there any friction ever when saying, okay, here we've got this platform that actually is rather opinionated versus, hey, go choose everything open source and do whatever you want? You know, I think that there's political boundaries between different parts of organizations. So a lot of what DevOps, I think as a movement has been so important, which is saying, actually you need to blur the political boundaries in your organization to get to faster end-to-end throughput and collaboration. So I think that's definitely a reality that at the same time, the ability that we've had to embrace these different approaches allows the level of empowerment that I think is appropriate. Like I think what we've been trying to do is not necessarily cater to a free-for-all. We've been saying, what are the right tools and a tool chest that people need to get their job done? So I think that's been very warmly received. So I guess I'd say that hasn't been a big problem for us. When I ask you about the ecosystem, I think back when the ecosystem started, IBM, HPE, Cisco were big players. I come in this week and it's Google Cloud, Microsoft Cloud, and Pivotal still is, I mean last time I checked it was what, 70% of the code base created by Pivotal. So what's 60 or 55 now? Change in the ecosystem, what that means and what that means to kind of open source, open core. Yeah, so I think in addition to the Kubo work that we've done, the other big news this week is that Microsoft joined the Cloud Foundry Foundation. So essentially the largest software company in the world. Wait, wait, and Microsoft loves open source right here. Did you hear that one? They do. I know. It's still shocking for a lot of us that have known Microsoft for a long time. Don't you think? I mean, and I'm not trying to be facetious. They totally are involved. I've talked to lots of Microsoft people. They're doing kudos to them. They're doing a really good job. Even if I look at the big cloud guys and throw in VMware in there, Microsoft's one of the leaders in participating and embracing open source. They are, and I think Corey Sanders who got on stage announced this. He leads the Azure Virtual Machine Service and a lot of the other Azure services for them. I think that their strategy is they want to run every workload. Like if you talk to Corey about it, he's like, you got workload? We want to be your partner. And I think that's been the change at Microsoft is once you go into cloud, it's sort of like pivotal embracing multiple programming abstractions, right? Like once you have a platform, you want as much critical mass on it as you can. And I think that's really helped Microsoft embrace the open source community in a very pragmatic way. Because they are a business centric company, right? And I think open source is required to do business and software these days, right? Like in a way that it wasn't 10 years ago. As you look at your customer set and multi-cloud, right? From the very beginning, multi-cloud was baked into the concept of cloud foundry. You know, like you said, just push, right? Yeah. So what do you see as common patterns?  You work with Amazon. Yeah. What do you see as a customer base, right? Yeah, so let me just share a little bit from a good customer. This is a prospect conversation with somebody who's starting the journey. You know, they were currently running on-prem on an open-stack environment which had some cost of maintenance for them. They were considering also using their vSphere environment to maybe not have to do as much customization of open-stack. But there were certain geographies that they wanted to get into. They didn't want to build data centers. And what they were confronting was they'd have to go learn networking and app management on a couple of different clouds they wanted to use. And what they liked about our CF fabric, you know, across that was that they said, oh, this is one operating model for any of those clouds. And that's the pattern that we see, is that companies want to have one cloud operating model while there's five major cloud players today. So like how do those two forces in the market combine? And I think that's where multicloud becomes powerful. It's not necessarily multicloud for its own sake, but it is the idea that you can engage and use the multiple resources from these different data center providers without having to completely change your whole organization around it. Because taking on, you know, how you run vService open-stack is different as you know, right? Right, right. Well, and talking about change, right? You and I were together at VMware when you launched this thing. And you know, there was a profound kind of conceptual chasm to leap for the VMware operators to figure out what was going on here. So in this new world of, you know, services operation in multicloud, how are you seeing people, you know, how's the adoption going? You know, you just launched new, or the foundations launched into new certification stuff. You know, can you talk a little bit about the new skill set needed or how you're seeing people, the old, the people who used, the people formerly known as sysadmins are now actually doing cloud operations. Well, you know, I'm not sure if you saw Pat Gelsinger's announcement at Dell, Dell World, Dell EMC World about developer-ready infrastructure. And I think this is a critical evolution that our partnership with VMware is more important than ever, which is they're now saying, you know, all these people that have been doing traditional system administration, you need to now offer developer-ready infrastructure. And this is an infrastructure that all the networking and network micro-segmentation rules need to be there, all of the great things that, you know, the VMware, you know, admins have provided before it needs to be there, but it needs to be turnkey for a developer.  It should look more like, here's my application, run it for me, here's my container, run it for me. And so what we're seeing is a lot of people upping their game now to say, oh, the new thing is providing these services for developers, because that ties into digital transformation, ties into what the business is doing, ties into productivity. So I'm seeing a renaissance of CISA admins having a whole new set of tools. So that makes me excited. And one of the cool things we see, I'd love to get your opinion on this, is this cool operating ratio of, we've had our clients present, their administers of Cloud Foundry instances are able to run tens of thousands of apps and containers with, you know, two to four to five people. And so now they've got this superpower, which is like, hey, bring as many of the applications as the business needs to me. I can go run 10,000 app containers with a small team of people with a good lifestyle. To me, that's actually kind of incredible to see that leverage. Yeah, I think it's a huge shift, right? Because you aren't setting up the VLANs and the micro segmentation and the rest of the stuff. It's not all by hand. And so now the idea with our NSX partnership, I'm really excited about, fun to talk to you about it. We used to work in building E and have lunch out there. Is that when you provision, you know, a CF app, we're working with the NSX team that all the segmentation will align with the app permissions. And this is a big deal because it used to be that the network team and the app team didn't really have a good conduit of communication. So now it's like, okay, I'm going to bind my app to this data service. I want NSX to make sure that permission is followed. And to me, that's going to be a revolution of getting the app and the DevOps teams and the networking teams to work together clearly. Wow, so I'm pumped about that. Running low on time, a couple of quick questions about Pivotal. Number one is, now that you're doing Kubo, should we expect to see Pivotal join the CNCF? So EMC has joined the CNCF. We have friendly relations with the CNCF. I don't think that's at all out of the cards. There's no current, I don't have any news on that today. But we've been very friendly with them. And, you know, we started working with Google on that. So no immediate plans there, but we'd be open to that, I believe. Okay, secondly, my understanding the last announcement on revenue, you know, you can't speak to the IPO or anything, James, above your pay grade, but $275 million in billing on PCF, did I get that right?  How do we look at Pivotal? You know, I want to say I primarily oversee the Cloud Foundry portion of what we do. And services are an incredibly important part of our mix, Pivotal Labs. You know, when you think about this developer-ready infrastructure tend, like a lot of the way you organize your developers can change too. So we talked about how the system in jobs change, they get this platform scale. Well, the developer's jobs change now too. They have to learn how to do CICD, they've got to learn how to potentially turn around agile requirements from the business on a weekly basis versus every six months. So Pivotal Labs has certainly been critical to that mix for us, but PCF in and of itself has been a very successful software business. And I think, I believe, you know, can grow into the billions of dollars a year in software. And that's what kind of keeps me excited about it every day. All right, James, I want to give you the final word. Yeah. You speak to so many customers. A few. The whole digital transformation thing, what are you seeing? How do we, you know, help customers along that, you know, moving faster? That's a, it's a big topic. And the thing that's really interesting about what PCF does is it helps people change their organizations, not just their technology. And this certainly happened in the vSphere environment, right? Like, you know, it would change your organization. But, you know, we're even going higher, which is like how your developers organize, how operating teams organize, how you think about security, how do I think about patching? Like the reason why I agree that it's transformative is that it's not just a change of technology, it's these new technologies allow you to rebuild your organization end to end of how it delivers business results. And that makes it both a humbling and an exciting time to be in the industry, because I personally don't have all of the answers every time people ask about organizations and what to do there, those are complex issues. But I think we've tried to partner with them to go on that journey together. So. Unfortunately, James, we're going to have to leave it there. We will definitely catch up with you at many more events later this year. And we'll be back with more coverage here from the Cloud Foundry Summit 2017. You're watching theCUBE.


Here we are in Luxembourg. You've been here for 10 days. How does it feel after this long stretch of time with the pandemic surrounding you? You've been in a state of siege but with the pandemic around you and not political situations such as when you underreported. How does it feel being out of it? How does it feel being in it and how does it feel being out of it? Well, let's first talk about being out of it. So it's been remarkable generosity on the part of Moudam and Bihar to the Grand Theatre, the whole of the Red Bridge project to bring the company, not just me, but performers, composers, dancers, singers for five different projects into Luxembourg. And it meant that for the last 10 days there have been between 15 and 25 friends and collaborators together in the same hotel doing different projects which is kind of inconceivable, has been inconceivable for the last 15 months even though we live in Johannesburg most of us quite close to each other to gather in this number and to have the conversation, the late night conversations or at breaking the curfew on the hotel terrace, all of those things. So on the one hand that's felt extremely open. I'm also aware of this is a much more law abiding and diligent community than we used to in Johannesburg in the middle. Everybody is wearing their masks. No one has their masks under here. There are all these good gaps between the theatre where you're in a sold out performance with 80% empty seats. I mean, that's why you have very, very low infections, I'm sure, and it's been well done. But so ironically in Johannesburg where we haven't really yet had vaccinations on a large scale and where there's much less control of what's happening with Covid, restaurants have been open, they've been performances with small audiences for a while. In the studio, because most of the people in the studio had Covid last year we were in a kind of post-Covid situation. If nobody's had it, then you don't need to be social distance and with masks and all of these protocols. So in fact for most of the year it's been a kind of open studio, 20 of us having lunch together every day in the garden. It turns one sense it feels more closed down here in the day-to-day controls but it's been astonishing within that to have this gathering of all the people together. I mean, I'm sure we can talk about the, not the irony, it's the paradoxes of the pandemic. And as a visual artist where I have the studio in the garden even in the most extreme lockdown circumstances it was possible to keep doing my work. It was more than possible, it was a pleasure. Every performance and exhibition was either cancelled or postponed. And so instead of having usually the five or six or eight trips to different institutions a year they were none. So I've had 15 months at work in my studio. I've never had, I haven't had that for 45 years. You refer to this as a sabbatical? It's a kind of sabbatical. So I'm aware that from a selfish point of view what was possible for me, it was a kind of a blessing. But at the same time I'm completely aware that for many of friends and colleagues and collaborators who are in musicians or dancers or performers it's been calamitous, it's been calamitous. Not only in that there was no income because of all the cancelled projects but many people were not able to practice their metier. They weren't able to practice as a dancer, as a musician. The studios were shut, they were isolated on their own. They weren't with a group of performers that they need to be with. And so I think for... I'm aware the ease of me saying yes for me it was an easy time and aware of how desperate it was and still is for many, many people that I work with very closely. William, just going off slightly at a tangent. Here in this wonderful exhibition at this museum at the Midam there is more sweetly play the dance. And if I'm not mistaken, some of the characters in the procession were actually inspired by the news of the Ebola outbreak. Am I right? Yes, there were more than just the news of them, by the images of them. That was the first time we saw this high-tech medical costuming which one is used to seeing in an emergency room or intensive care out in the world, people with these hazmat suits with plastic visors and beekeeper-like suits around them, leading people with trip sets around hospitals. So this was in 2015, 14, 15 or 16, in West Africa which was an epidemic that in the end was restricted to West Africa but sort of started alerting the world to the sense of this mortality that was around, these dangers that were about. So in retrospect, yes, that film is about plague, about epidemic even though it's not this but it was made a couple of years before the current crisis. So it's to Suzanne's credit that she had the prescience to say this will be a key work in this exhibition which was planned in the months before the start of the epidemic. The reason I mentioned Banksy is because I am constantly astounded not only by your originality and inventiveness but at the same time by your constant awareness of what other people have done before you and how that previous autistic activity might enter your work and you gave me one more example of this this morning because among all the phrases that are reproduced in one of the films upstairs which is the film with the oak leaves it's called Waiting for the Sybil and one of the phrases is something about insects with moustaches what's the exact phrase? Beware of insects with moustaches Thank you, this is Beware of insects with moustaches and I said I was standing with William watching this film and I said where does that one, where did you get that and you answered? Well the phrase beware of insects with moustaches was to strike me. The text of Waiting for the Sybil both the film and the kind of libretto for the chamber opera that's at the Grand Teatre is a mixture of sutu proverbs, twana proverb should I say that I found phrases that I've written and a lot of lines that come from different poets in translation, none of them are English poets in fact sometimes transformed sometimes as they are and there was a Yev Tashenko poem which had this line about insect with moustaches and that kind of what can that mean and it was explained to me that in the 1970s and 80s one of the ways of controlling dissidents in the Soviet Union was to have them consigned to mental institutions as being not politically dissident but as being crazy and one of the questions that psychiatrists, military psychiatrists or police psychiatrists asked detainees to make this assertion that you were crazy was do you see insects with moustaches and there's no answer I think if you did see them you were crazy or if you didn't see them you were crazier most probably either answer was enough to have you certified but that's where that phrase came from it's kind of just enough of a strange phrase to try to imagine a kind of either a caterpillar with a moustache or a beetle that's got a kind of moustache it's like Gogol and suddenly it makes all like Kafka George Samsa who gets turned into a cockroach and maybe still retains his must probably whispery moustache he'd had before I can't help going off at a tangent again I remember when we were students William and I were not at university together we went to the same university I remember when we were students that those of us who were particularly interested in poetry were reading almost anything but English speaking poetry and certainly not very much South African poetry and you've just said that most of the extracts you've taken were from non-English speaking poets why should that be? I'm trying to think there is something about the weight of the traditions of English language that obviously are difficult for me in the sense of almost every project I've done whether it's the Zauberflöte or Lülle or Wozzeck or Ubu or Memorias Postmus to Braskubas or Confessions of Zeno are all writers not writing in English initially all in translation La Vidune Boyd, the great Cameroonian novel another case in point I've never constantly made a decision for that but retrospect if I look back they're all from... there's something about the dislocation that happens in translation which for me unlocks more possibilities the imperfection of translation the fact that it's one of many possible ways of thinking about your original text is a given, that's not going to change if you read the Rilke poem the Rilke poem stays the Rilke poem in German but there are so many different... there's a whole book about the different translations of that poem and when you connect to one of those you understand it's something in you that links to that translation that talks to you and there is obviously an important connection between the original and its translation but it's not the same thing at all I mean as they say in a... and Schwarzbrot are not the same object when you eat them not at all, not at all is it also that in the suffocating atmosphere of South Africa when we were studying there we needed to get as far away from that language anything to do with the British culture we needed to breathe somewhere and this foreign... these foreign sources were part of our oxygen does that thought make any sense to you? it makes a lot of thought I mean I think it was for me one of the great revelations was understanding that English positivist philosophy of taking facts as facts was not the only way of understanding the world so when it started in my case it was the 1970s the German Marxist to the alternative the new way of thinking about the world the sudden way of understanding the world as process the world as transformation the world not as fact but facts as one moment in a series of transformations was a revelation to have the kind of openness to play with form that one found either in Gogol short stories or in Machado de Assis was kind of a revelation compared to the traditions of English literature of Dickens and the great English novels which were so very different much as I love those English novels they were never something that made me think this is something I want to work with always connected to my work I mean I love watching sport on television but I don't expect it to be nourishing of the other work that's done it was a bit like that with English literature actually I think that of all the countries outside South Africa France really has a special status for you perhaps ever since the Jacques Le Coq Mime School and perhaps the French language with it is that possible? Of all the languages which aren't English that's certainly the one that I can that I feel I can understand with the most facility and the one I feel least embarrassed about massacring as I speak it but it also I think you have particular moments so this was a period of I suppose how old Anne and I were 25 when we went to Paris in 1980 a whole new world also of thinking about what art was coming through the rigors of the training at the Jacques Le Coq Theatre School which still for me is the bedrock of what I've learnt about drawing filmmaking, theatre making the particular experiences you have either as an adolescent or a young adult or a child which even I think God it's now 40 years since I was there surely I must have learnt something new and then part of it is now what you learnt then was what you've got that's where you're going to work from so yes there's a very close sense of this image of what it was to be in France at that era and at that age which stays with me so if I'm in France now there's part of me that still feels 25 even though 99% of the rest of me says no no forget it that's not who you are anymore I want to come back to the question of language just a little bit later but before that I was thinking well let's put this book on the table just for a while during this conversation and how am I going to do that and there was just one quote that leapt up at me so this is you speaking in English I'm afraid and the subject is more sweetly play the dance which we'd been listening it was 2014 and we'd been listening to the music for this piece in your studio and at the same time you were preparing Wozak so there was Albenberg's music around as well and in this little extract you start off talking about the tuba which is played in more sweetly play the dance and this is what you say what is it in those low notes of the tuba that reaches one's soul so deeply because it's not just the notes by themselves it's obviously how a note comes after the note before it before the note after it the soundtrack of the other people around it but it reaches a deep point of satisfaction which is obviously what Berg is completely trying to avoid all the composers from the atonal school are trying to avoid the comfort which comes with the resolution of a chord developing a 12 tone system to say the world is no longer so amenable and taking this to mathematical extremes with the rigorous working out of the 12 tone system whereas with the brass band musically we are still in a world of hope we are still in a world of possibility so here we have these two different kinds of music these two visions of the world would you say that the friction between the two of them is central to your work I think so, I mean in the piece that you'll hear tonight that we are performing waiting for the Sibyl the composer on Trampton I spent time listening to some stockhausen and there's a whole piece Stimul which is all done on the note B flat it's one note and variations of voices and the way we worked with it I would take one section not me let me say it's in Trampton I don't know who would do this we would say let's start by playing one of the many variations which is five voices very accurately starting on B flat and doing minimal transformations and then in Trampton I would say to the singers alright you're going to copy exactly what we're hearing very accurately and they would meld together the stockhausen and the singers who are going to be in waiting for the Sibyl and then at a certain point the music recording would be the volume would be taken down and we'd still be in the stockhausen world of these very closely connected voices at that note and then gradually we would start to leave Germany and start to make our way home and new things would start to emerge in the voices and different rithisms and emphases and punctuations and grammar and it became an extraordinary thing it was not the same as stockhausen but it was not like saying let's just take a traditional South African song it was an extraordinary shift between and in this as an example of the tension between those two kinds of music is what's very much there in it but it's important that that's not all that there is the music that we're doing in this opera and in many other pieces isn't simply that mathematical question and that what constitutes the rest of their described as hope in what you were quoting to me but for me it's like taking it out into the world letting it walk, letting it have a place to go is what the other part that happens in the music and so fundamentally I think I still understand I think I understand what he meant when he said that not me, the other him I understand, I think or at least the other me understands but I wanted to come back to the question of language as I said it seems to me that white English speaking South Africans are among the most monolingual and monocultural people in the whole wide world even today and here you are you not only have brought this whole wealth of African culture to a new kind of Kentridge surface but in addition now when I look on your extraordinary website and I see the rehearsals for waiting for the Sibyl I haven't yet seen the piece I notice once more that you're working with people who are speaking in and singing in other languages African languages which you and I when we were growing up were not able to understand more than a couple of words of how does this get to you now what does it do to you how does it reach you that you should be working with these people who are working themselves in these other languages it's a good and hard question and I'll answer it in different ways so one yes there is a kind of a shame at being so monolingual at university I tried to learn the sutu southern sutu and failed at it had a year of it and wasn't able to so there is this and it's a residue of what it is to grow up in South Africa so monolingual so there is a gap but it's both a kind of but there's a different point to to understanding language and music and maybe it is a South African childhood growing up but listening to opera which I did a lot in my childhood and others and listening to other songs there was a sense of hearing words but not understanding them of knowing a broad arc of what an opera was but never really needing to expect to understand all the words of a soprano singing the aria of the Queen of the Night or other songs in the opera repertoire with their in German, French or Italian and one understands that the singers need to understand what they're singing they need to know what words they're singing but an audience does not you pick it up from so many other senses in fact when you finally get to hear or you read the libretto of a song that's being sung listen to the actual words even in English, even in rock songs even in popular music there are many songs where you've heard the words but they don't register as a text so I think there's a difference between what are the demands and responsibilities of the performer and of the listener it was a a bit like Desmond Tutu the archbishop was being given an honorary doctorate at Yale as I was told by the head of Yale University and there was a formal meal and the the provost the chancellor of the university said to Desmond Tutu wouldn't you like to say grace and he did and he said a long grace but he didn't say it in English he did the grace in the Twaimler or Zulu and at the end the chancellor said okay that was wonderful but you know I didn't understand what you were saying and he said well that doesn't matter I wasn't talking to you I was talking to him who understood it and there's a way in which language and music have a strange relationship between needing to have meaning and needing to not have a specific meaning so I asked the chancellor sometimes what are the meanings of the people of the songs of a line that someone is singing and sometimes it is a connection but it's a distant connection to the word that's being translated to the word that we see and it's always a very poetic connection which is vital for the singers and we hear a sense in it even if we don't understand the specifics so it's an evasive answer because as I say to get back to the first point there's a big part of me that is hiding against a kind of shame at not having an access to that language yes and yet unlike a lot of artists who've come out of the same context as you that feeling along with all the guilt and whatever else one might put in the package has not stopped you making this work that's part of the miracle yeah I mean I think it certainly should just look the work is happening so it's not stopped the work and it's certainly but it's work that is completely nourished in the space that you are describing it would be very different you said okay we're only going to sing in English every once that everybody can follow each word it's also saying from the group of people who are working with what is their wellspring or voice or text and working with that one last question before I allow the audience to intervene here it concerns fate fate was a central issue in the refusal of time the story of Perseus who could not refuse could not escape his fate here we have the oak leaves of the sable and fate is once again on the table but you personally don't strike me as someone who's necessarily accepts that there is such a thing as fate or destiny am I right or am I wrong no you're right you're right in the sense that no but what I understand obviously all the retrospectively we can say this was your fate this was what was going to happen I'm intrigued by the idea of evasive action meeting the decisive strike so as you think you're avoiding something you're in fact going right into its path there's the story of the death in Samara the story of the merchant in Baghdad who sends his servant into the market to buy some food and the servant comes back very shaken and says master when I was there buying food a person called me over to him and I went over and I saw under his cloak that it was death calling to me so I ran away enough come back here what must I do and the merchant said oh you must hide and run so he ran off to Samara and later the merchant himself went out into the streets and there again he came across this person with his hood and realized this must be the figure of death and went to to him and said what were you doing terrifying my servant and he said death said to him yes I was a little bit surprised to see him here because I've gotten a point with him this afternoon in Samara so that sense of heading towards it as you try to avoid it that's that's why those stories of Persia's and of the civil strikes so deeply a childhood fear of are you running into danger or away from danger but an acceptance of that openness of that uncertainty


Over the past few months especially, the mainstream media has been adamant in setting aside any sort of alternative health medicine, especially Vitamin C, as it's a very powerful antioxidant crucial for so many functions in our bodies. Part of the reason we're locked inside eating grains, preserved foods, basically a lack of fresh quality foods is to deprive us of Vitamin C and make us sick. They're also doing this with other vitamins, but not as obviously, mainly because most people aren't as familiar with those vitamins as they are Vitamin C, you know the fat soluble vitamins D3K2, B vitamins, omega fatty acids that are just as if not more important. So the three questions to address today are, you know, what type of vitamin C to take, how much of it should we take, and is there a natural alternative? If you guys want to know what I actually do on a day-to-day basis to get my Vitamin C, check out the video on my Patreon below where you can sign up for bi-weekly videos where you'll learn just a bit more. And since my channel is about animal foods, you know, predominantly the carnivore diet, I will say that most people on that type of diet will benefit from incorporating a vitamin C source and it's very difficult to obtain a raw food quality high enough to not have to use a supplement. That being said, you know, cooking food does reduce the vitamin C slightly, you know, it's why some raw primal dieters do feel a lot better. The anti-scorbidic properties in their diet are much higher. So let's understand a little bit about vitamin C before we start chugging down any powders. Since it is a water-soluble vitamin, we do need to obtain it on a more frequent basis compared to the fat-soluble vitamins.  Vitamin C, certain B vitamins, you have to get them at least several times a week in certain amounts to be in optimal health. And that's the reference here, guys, optimal health. Most people aren't getting enough of any nutrient, let alone near optimal. So, you know, is it a big deal that the average person isn't getting enough vitamin C? Probably not, you know, because they have so many other health problems going on. Interestingly, most animals do synthesize their own vitamin C, aka ascorbic acid, ascorbic acid being the part of vitamin C that our bodies actually use, our cells use. Most people do recognize the role of vitamin C in immune function. That's because it's involved in the creation of certain immune cells and it protects those immune cells from oxidation, which is incredibly important when they're fighting off infection. The largest role might be that it is a co-factor in many enzymatic reactions, enzymes being proteins that perform various functions in the body on a molecular level. The most popular protein reaction is the synthesis of collagen. It's involved with a bunch of other amino acids as well. It's needed in gene expression, and we've touched on gene expression in, you know, why my vitamins are important video, understanding how it plays a much larger role in our health, and again, potent antioxidant. And it's such an important antioxidant that it actually prevents the oxidation of the other antioxidants, glutathione, vitamin E. So, if you guys do want to know more about that, I did a video on antioxidants several months back. Vitamin C is needed for the production of adrenal hormones, peptide hormones, so it goes above and beyond, you know, boosting your immune system. Of course, it's nice to know what's actually going on in our body, but how do we feel? You know, do we feel these benefits when we take vitamin C? Now, there is a debate between ascorbic acid versus whole food vitamin C, you know, is the whole food form better, or can you just use ascorbic acid? And in my opinion, there's no point in debating this back and forth, because ascorbic acid is a highly processed chemical made from cornstarch, and you don't want to consume it because of all of the negative things that are used in making it, as well as the pollution of the initial product. I'm inclined to believe the argument between ascorbic acid and whole food vitamin C was because there were some companies that were trying to sell, you know, highly processed agrochemical garbage, you know, similar to collagen powder and glycine powder.  You know, the reason these other molecules occur in the whole foods complex is because ascorbic acid depletes or uses these substances in your body, but that's not to say your body isn't getting these molecules from other whole food sources in your diet. You know, we know ascorbic acid depletes tyrosinase, which is involved in the skin and melanin, and you know, the question is, how big of a deal is that when the amount of vitamin C you're taking every day is never going to be super significant? I mean, I guess, yeah, there could be a problem if you take super, super high doses of ascorbic acid. But again, I really don't want to dwell on this argument because we will be using a whole food vitamin C as ascorbic acid is processed garbage. And by no means are these the only, you know, molecules needed for the absorption of vitamin C.  The body generates dehydroascorbic acid from vitamin C, which is the oxidized form of ascorbic acid, then dehydroascorbic acid can be transported into the cells where it is then reduced back into ascorbic acid using glutathione, other molecules that require various amino acids and the vitamins. And this is why I emphasize overall nutrient density. You'll benefit much more from eating steak, wild fruit, and raw milk than eating, you know, vitamin C powder on its own. Just because you're consuming something doesn't mean it's being utilized or absorbed optimally and that is heavily dependent on nutrient synergy. What's different about vitamin C is that there is actually an RDA and the RDA of 60 milligrams is reasonably close compared to most other nutrients, but we can assume with all of the negative lifestyle factors and oxidation that people are exposed to, it's not nearly enough. 60 milligrams in a perfect diet might actually be okay for some people, but by no means are our diets anywhere close to perfect. But again, that is unique because most other vitamins don't even have an RDA, let alone something that is close. If you look at the RDA for most of these other nutrients, it's like 1-5% of what it's supposed to be. For them to be this close with vitamin C, that's off in a way.  Since our bodies can't store incredibly high amounts of water soluble vitamins, you're not going to benefit from a super high amount whereas something like vitamin D3 where your body literally needs millions of IUs in your organs and fat to be an optimal health, it makes other fat soluble vitamin synergy difficult and harder to balance in a way. For vitamin C and certain B vitamins, it's easy. You just have a certain amount every day in a moderate and consistent dose. Not to say you can overdose on vitamin C or certain B vitamins. It's certainly more difficult to do than the fat soluble vitamins. Most people will see maximum benefits at a maintenance dose of around 100mg per day once you fix your diet, once you fix your lifestyle factors. A lot of people might need higher anywhere from 200mg to 400mg of vitamin C per day. And I'll go over the whole food measurements in my Patreon video today. So if you guys are thinking like, oh Frank, well how many two spoons of this powder equals that, check out the Patreon video. So in a state of deficiency, if you were deficient in vitamin C, once you start taking it, you'll feel really good the first few days, much better regardless of the dosage and then you'll feel as good as that for a period of time. And I've experimented with much higher doses of vitamin C without noticing any benefits. Vitamin C can make negative molecules such as oxalic acid and cause digestive upset. Although I wouldn't be too concerned about that, what I would be more concerned about is excess iron uptake and inhibiting copper absorption. I had my iron overload issues several months ago and when I took ascorbic acid with a stake, oh man say goodbye to your liver. A lot of you guys have emailed me about vitamin C, the benefits over the past few years, although I still disagree with the mega dosing. It's definitely something I've overlooked despite experimenting with various ascorbic acid and vitamin C supplements over this period of time. It seems as if my iron overload has something to do with this. Now that I'm supplementing copper, magnesium in very high amounts, getting all of the minerals and vitamins I need for optimal metabolism, consuming vitamin C is making a positive difference, whereas before when I took vitamin C, I was absorbing more iron and destroying my liver. You guys might remember in my past raw dairy videos, I covered how raw milk is high in vitamin C and that very fresh raw meat has a few milligrams of vitamin C. So raw primal diet, lots of quality dairy, lots of vitamin C, lots of iron, wasn't a great combination for me at the time. So you might be one of those rare people that can go raw primal with the dairy, with the raw eggs, with the raw meat and feel really good. Have a pretty good vitamin C status without needing supplements, but that's for you guys to figure out. So as I mentioned, I'll link the Patreon down below if you guys want to see what I'm doing on a day-to-day basis. And there's the other methods you guys can support me that are in the description as well. Thanks for joining me, guys. Let me know how you like this. I know I'm a couple months late, but hey, whatever.


Hi there. Welcome to Occupational Education. What does that mean? Occupational Education. Well, occupation means a type of job. For example, my occupation is a teacher. Education means learning about something. For example, learning about business website design. So, occupational education means learning about jobs. But this is a big topic. So, in this module, we're going to learn how to create and design business websites.  There are a lot of free web builders online. They make creating websites pretty easy to do. You just choose a design and then add the information you want on your website. We're also going to learn some language for business. For example, we will learn how to write emails for inquiries. To inquire means to ask for something, like information. We'll also have handouts for how to write emails for complaints. Those are emails telling about something that is not right. For example, you did not receive your order or something is broken. Something like that. Finally, we'll learn to write emails for responses. That means replying to inquiries and complaints. We'll also have handouts for how to write all of this in a letter. Now, here's the really fun part of this module. We're going to create a corporate classroom. That means we'll build our websites in mock business teams. Mock means not real, but is made to look real. Each team will choose a type of company, create and design a website, and then each team will send emails to the other companies in the classroom. Then your team will respond to the emails or letters. Sounds like fun, doesn't it? It will be. Also, you and your team will present your company website to the rest of the class so we can see how creative you are and how hard you worked. I can't wait. Okay, let's get started.


A piston with additional weights has been suspended on top of a cylinder containing a gas. The weight of the piston and weights is a combined 200 pounds and the diameter of the cylinder is half a meter. The ambient atmospheric pressure is assumed to be 95 kilopascals. Determine the absolute pressure inside the cylinder. Well, I will start with a poor quality diagram, as usual. I recognize that the gas inside is exerting a force on the piston because the pressure of the gas is exerting a force everywhere that the gas touches. And that includes not the shadowy place, but the piston itself. So I could draw that like a statics problem. There is a force applied along the bottom of the piston. I'm going to write that as F the force of the pressure of the gas. F subscript P subscript gas. That is the force on the piston in the upward direction. The force on the piston in the downward direction includes the weight of the weights and the piston itself, but it also includes the force applied by atmospheric pressure because since we are looking for an absolute pressure, we are including the effects of the atmosphere. Because this problem is in equilibrium, that is the piston isn't moving, we are going to consider this just like we would a statics problem. We are going to say the sum of forces in the y direction are zero. Because for it not to be moving, it must have balanced forces. So I can say the forces in the upward direction are going to counteract the forces in the downward direction. The forces in the upward direction are going to be the forces resulting from a pressure. Remember that pressure is defined as a force distributed over an area, therefore the force exerted by a pressure can be written as pressure times area. In this situation, the area of effect is going to be the area of the piston, which is the area of a circle with the diameter of the piston. So I'm going to write that as pressure times pi over 4 times the diameter of the piston squared. One that was area of a circle is pi over 4 times diameter squared. It's the same as pi r squared, it's just that we happen to have diameter in this problem, therefore I'm substituting in radius is diameter over 2, distributing the square and taking 2 squared and writing it as 4. So the force exerted by the pressure of the gas is going to be pressure of the gas times the area of the piston, which again is pi over 4 times the diameter of the piston squared, and that is equal to the weight of the weights and the piston, which I'm going to call weight I guess, it's a good variable name, plus atmospheric pressure times the area of effect for the atmospheric pressure, which again is just going to be the top circle of the piston. Now I know what you're thinking, you're thinking, but John, what about all this area? Well, remember that from the perspective of directly above, it doesn't matter because it's still going to appear as a circle anyway. The forces on the side here aren't being considered because we're only talking about the forces in the y direction, plus they're going to cancel out because there's going to be the same area on either side. So this is still going to be pi over 4 times diameter of the piston. In this equation, we know the diameter of the piston, we know atmospheric pressure, we know pi, we know the weight of the weight, therefore the only unknown is P gas. So I will write P gas as being equal to the weight of the weight plus atmospheric pressure times pi over 4 times the diameter of the piston squared and divided by pi over 4 times the diameter of the piston squared. So that simplifies down to weight over pi over 4 times diameter of the piston squared plus the atmosphere, note that that's a P not a D, times pi over 4 times the piston squared over pi over 4 times the piston squared. And pi over 4 times the piston squared cancels in the right term, which means that we're just left with this. And the reason I'm pointing that out is because we are calculating an absolute pressure. We have the relative effects plus atmosphere pressure. If we wanted to calculate a relative pressure, a gauge pressure, we would just be figuring out the pressure incurred by the weight, that is the force of the weight divided by the area of effect. You could also think of it as this equation minus P atmosphere. Anyway, now it's time to do some math. The weight of our weight is 200 pounds, and that's going to be pound force because it's described as a weight, but note that if we assume standard gravity, it could also be pound mass, and the force exerted by 200 pound mass at standard gravity would be 200 pound force. That's the convenience of the pound mass instead of slugs. Hashtag slugs are the worst. So 200 pounds of force divided by pi over 4 times the diameter of the piston, which was weird. Half a meter. Oh man, we're mixing together metric and imperial unit systems. I'm sure that doesn't happen in the United States very often. And then in an effort to add these together, I need them to be dimensionally homogenous. My atmosphere pressure was 95 kilopascals. So I could convert 95 kilopascals into pound force per square meter, or I could convert pound force per square meter into kilopascals. Since the problem is asking for the answer in kilopascals, it's going to be convenient for me to take this and get it into kilopascals. So as per usual, I will write my destination and work backwards. That's a thousand pascals. A pascale is a Newton per square meter, and a Newton is a number of pound force that is available to me somewhere on the conversion factor sheet. I don't know why I'm so zoomed in. Come on, potato, you can do it. Hey, there it is, force. So one Newton is 0.22481 pound force, but I already wrote one Newton, so I'm kind of stuck. 0.22481. 0.22481. Generally speaking, I don't like to write decimals because I have a habit of misreading my hand or anyone I do. I'm sure that won't ever happen in one of these example problems. Pound force cancels pound force, Newton cancels Newton's, Pascal's cancels Pascal's, square meters cancel square meters, leaving me with kilopascals, a kilopascal plus a kilopascal will yield an answer in kilopascals. So let's do this calculator, if you would please, 200 times 4 divided by, I'm going to use the fancy pi button on this calculator, multiplied by 0.5 squared times 1000, that's 100 John. One more zero, there you go, times 0.22481. Look guys, I remembered the decimal, aren't you proud of me? Plus 95, probably going to be a syntax error because I forgot my opening parentheses. So we'll jump all the way back to the left and then a step to the right and I get 99.53 one inches for good measure, P gas is 99.53 kilopascals. So I know that I just asked for absolute pressure here, but I made the problem so let's modify it. If I wanted gauge pressure in addition to absolute pressure, what would you do now? I'll give you a second. In order to get gauge pressure from absolute pressure I need to subtract atmospheric pressure. So we are going to subtract 95. Why 95? Because that was the explicitly given atmospheric pressure. A very common mistake at this point would be to just subtract one atmosphere, but in the previous example problem, we didn't have an atmospheric pressure so we assumed it was one atmosphere. If we have an actual number, we don't need to make that assumption. If in fact, we were to use one atmosphere and look at the conversion from atmospheres into kilopascals in the conversion factors of the textbook, I can see one atmosphere is equal to 1.01325 bar, a bar is 10 to the fifth Newton's per square meter, which means it's 10 to the fifth pascals, which means one atmosphere is equal to 101,325 pascals, which is 101.325 kilopascals. Again, one atmosphere is 101.325 kilopascals. That means if I were to subtract 101.325 kilopascals, I would end up with a negative number, which I don't want. That would imply that the pressure of the gas was actually less than atmosphere pressure, which doesn't make sense. It would not be able to hold up the weight here. So 99.53 minus 95 gives us 4.531. If I had one at the gauge pressure, this would be the answer. But I don't, so I won't write it down.


Live from Midtown Manhattan, it's theCUBE, covering Big Data, New York City, 2017, brought to you by SiliconANGLE Media and its ecosystem sponsors. Okay, welcome back everyone. We're here in New York City. This is theCUBE's exclusive coverage of Big Data NYC in conjunction with Strata Data going on right around the corner.  I'm John Furrier, the co-host of theCUBE with my co-host, Jim Kobielus, who's the lead analyst at Wikibon for Big Data, Ned Shad, Bartol Wala, Bartol Wali. Bartol Wala. Bartol Wala? Ned Shad, Bartol Wala. That guy. Okay, goes. Hexata. Hexata, co-founder and chief product officer. It's a tongue twister. Third day, originally from Jersey, it's hard with that R accent, but thanks for being patient with me. Happy to be here. And Pranava Mr. Godi, product manager of Microsoft Azure. Guys, welcome back to theCUBE. Good to see you. Thank you very much. Thank you for that third day blues here. Guys, so Hexata, we had your partner on. Prakash. Prakash, really a success story. You guys have done really well, launched on theCUBE for years ago, so we're fun to watch you guys from launching to success. Obviously, relationship with Microsoft is super important. Talk about the relationship, because I think this is really kind of, people can start connecting the dots. Sure, maybe I'll start and I'll be happy to get Pranava's point of view as well. Obviously, Microsoft's one of the leading brands in the world, and there are many aspects of the way that Microsoft has thought about their product development journey that have really been very critical to the way we've thought about Prakash Zata as well. If you look at the number one tool that's used by analysts the world over, it's Microsoft Excel, right? There isn't even anything that's a close second. And if you look at the evolution of what Microsoft has done in many layers of the stack, whether it's the end user computing paradigm that Excel provides to the world, whether it's all of their recent innovation in both hybrid cloud technologies, as well as the big data technologies that Pranava is part of managing, we just see a very strong synergy between trying to combine the usage by business consumers of being able to take advantage of these big data technologies in a hybrid cloud environment. So there's a very natural resonance between the two companies. We're very privileged to have Microsoft ventures as an investor in Prakash Zata. And so the opportunity for us to work with one of the great brands of all time in our industry was really a privilege for us. Yeah, and that's the corporate side. It wasn't actually part of it. So it's a different part of Microsoft, which is great. You have also a business opportunity with them. We do. Obviously data science problem we're seeing is that they need to get to the data faster. All that prep work seems to be the big issue. It does. And maybe we can get Pranava's point of view from the Microsoft angle. Yeah, so to sort of continue what Nishad was saying, just data prep in general is sort of a key core component which is problematic for lots of users. Especially around the knowledge that you need to have in terms of the different tools you can use. Folks who are very proficient will do sort of ETL or data prep like scenarios using one of the computing engines like Hayeev or Spark. That's good, but there's this big sort of audience out there who like Excel like interface, which is easy to use, a very visually rich graphical interface where you can drag and drop and you can click through. And the idea behind all of this is how quickly can I get insights from my data faster? Because in a big data space, it's volume, variety and velocity. So data is coming at a very fast rate. It's changing, it's growing. And if you spend a lot of time just doing data prep, you're losing sort of the value of data or the value of data will change over time. So what we're trying to do with sort of enabling PICSATA or HD Insight is sort of enabling these users to use PICSATA, get insights from data faster by sort of solving the key problems of doing data prep. And so that's what. So the data democracy is a term that we've been kicking around. You guys were talking about it as well. What does that actually mean? Because we've been teasing out first two days here at theCUBE and big data NYC is, it's clear the community aspect of data is growing almost on a similar path as you're seeing with open source software. That genie's out of the bottle, open source software, tier one, it won. It's only growing exponentially. That same paradigm is moving into the data world where the collaboration is super important in this data democracy. What does that actually mean and how does that relate to you guys? So the perspective we have is that first, something that one of our customers said is that there's no democracy without certain degrees of governance. We all live in a democracy and yet we still have rules that we have to abide by. There's still policies that society needs to follow in order for us to be successful citizens. So when a lot of folks hear the term democracy, they really think of the Wild Wild West. And a lot of the analytic work in the enterprise does have that flavor to it. People download stuff to their desktop. They do a little bit of massaging of the data. They email that to their friend, their friend that makes some changes. And next thing you know, we have what some folks affectionately call spread-marred hell, right? But if you really want to democratize the technology, you have to wrap not only the user experience like Pranav described into something that's consumable by a very large number of folks in the enterprise, you have to wrap that with the governance and collaboration capabilities so that multiple people can work off the same data set, that you can apply the permissions so that people, you know, who is allowed to share with each other and under what circumstances are they allowed to share? Under what circumstances are you allowed to promote data from one environment to another? It may be okay for someone like me to work in a sandbox, but I cannot push that to a database or HDFS or Azure Blob Storage unless I actually have the right permissions to do so. So I think what you're seeing is that in general, technology is becoming a, always goes on this trend towards democratization, whether it's the phone, whether it's the television, whether it's the personal computer, and the same thing is happening with data technologies and certainly companies like Pranav. We were talking about this when you were on the cube yesterday and just a little bit, I want to get your thoughts on this. The old way to solve the governance problems was to put data in silos, right? And that was an easy one. Just put it in a silo and take care and then your access control was different. But now the value of the data is about cross-pollinating that they make it freely available, horizontally scalable so that it can be used. But at the same time, you need to have a new governance paradigm. So you got to democratize the data by making it available, addressable, and used for apps. At the same time, there's all sorts of concerns on how to make sure it doesn't get in the wrong hands and so on and so forth. And which is also very sort of common with running open source projects in the cloud as well. How do you ensure that the user authorized to sort of access this open source project or run it has the right credentials, is authorized and stuff. So the benefit that you sort of get in the cloud is this centralized authentication system, there's Azure Active Directory.  And that sort of further goes down to the data layers where, where we have app link policies which then sort of describe what user can access, what files, or what folders as well. So if you think about the end-to-end scenario, there is authentication and authorization happening in for the entire system on what user can access what data. And part of what sort of Pixar brings into the picture is like how do you sort of visualize this governance floor as data is coming from various sources? How do you make sure that the person who has access to data does have access to data and the one who doesn't cannot access the data? Is that the problem with data prep is just that per piece of it? What is the big problem with data prep? I mean, that seems to be, everyone's keeps coming back to the same problem. What is causing all this data prep? People not buying Paxata, it's very simple. That's a good one. Hey, check out Paxata, they're going to solve your problems, go.  They get it, they start something new and they're in the same hole. I've got to prepare all this stuff. Well, I think the previous paradigms for doing data preparation tie exactly to the data democracy themes that we're talking about here. If you only have a very siloed group of people in the organization who have very deep technical skills, but don't have the business context for what they're actually trying to accomplish, you have this impedance mismatch in the organization between the people who know what they want and the people who have the tools to do it. So what we've tried to do, and again, taking a page out of the way that Microsoft has approached solving these problems both in the past and in the present, is to say, look, we can actually take the tools that once were only in the hands of the shamans who know how to utter the right incantations and instead move that into the common folk who actually- The users. The users themselves who know what they want to do with the data, who understand what those data elements mean. So if you were to ask the Paxata point of view, why have we had these data prep problems? Because we've separated the people who had the tools from the people who knew what they wanted to do with it. So it sounds to me, correct me if this is the wrong term, that what you offer in a joint, in your partnership, is basically a broad curational environment for knowledge workers to sift and sort and annotate and share data with lineage, the lineage of the data preserved and essentially a system of record can follow the data throughout its natural life. Is that a fair characterization? I would think so, yeah. Yeah. And you mentioned, Pranav, the whole issue of how one visualizes or should visualize this entire chain of custody, as it were, for the data. Is there any special visualization paradigm that you guys offer? Now, Microsoft, you've made a fairly significant investment in graph technology throughout your portfolio. I was at Binnell back in May, and Satcha and the others just went to town on all things to do with Microsoft Graph. Will that technology be somehow at some point now or in the future be reflected in this overall capability that you've established with your partner here, Paxata? I am not sure, Link. Okay. So far, I think what we've talked about is a rich graph capabilities that exists in the Microsoft graph, that's sort of one extreme. As the other side that the graph exists today as a developer, you can do sort of graph-based queries. So you can do it on Cosmos DB, which has a Grimman API for graph-based query. So I don't know how this will evolve. I'll get to the right of the question. What's the Paxata benefits with HD Insight? How does that just quickly explain for the audience, what is that solution, and what are the benefits? So the solution is you get a one-click install of installing Paxata on HD Insight, and the benefit for a user persona who's not sort of used to big data or Hadoop, they can use a very familiar GUI-based experience to get their insights from data faster without having any knowledge of how Spark works or how Hadoop works. And what does the Microsoft relationship bring to the table for Paxata? So I think it's a couple of things. One is Azure is clearly growing in an extremely fast pace and a lot of the enterprise customers that we work with are moving many of their workloads to Azure and these cloud-based environments, especially for us, the unique value proposition of a partner who truly understands the hybrid nature of the world. The idea that everything is going to move to the cloud or everything is going to stay on-premise is too simplistic. Microsoft understood that from day one, that data would be in all of those different places, and they've provided enabling technologies for vendors like us to take advantage of. I'll just say it too, maybe too quick to say it, but the bottom line is you have an Excel-like interface. They've offered 365. Their users are going to instantly love that interface because it's an easy-to-use interface. An Excel-like, it's not Excel interface per se, but it's similar to Paradigm. It's a metaphor, it's a graphical user interface. That's clean and it's targeted at the analyst's role or user. That's right. That's going to resonate in their install base. And combined with a lot of these new capabilities that Microsoft is rolling out from a big data perspective. So HD Insight has a very rich portfolio of runtime engines and capabilities. They're introducing new data storage layers, whether it's ADLS or Azure Blob Storage. So it's really a nice way of us working together to extract and unlock a lot of the value that Microsoft is thinking. Here's the tough question for you. Open source projects, I see Microsoft comments where hell froze over because Linux is now part of their DNA. It was a comment I saw at the event this week in Orlando, but they're really getting behind open source from open compute, just clearly new DNAs. They're into it. How are you guys working together in open source and what's the impact to developers because now that's only one cloud. There's other clouds out there. So data is going to be an important part of it. So open source together, you guys working together on that and what's the role for the data? So from an open source perspective, Microsoft today plays a big role in embracing open source technologies and making sure that they run reliably in the cloud. And part of that value prop that we provide in Azure HD inside is making sure that you can run these open source, big data workloads reliably in the cloud. So you can run open source like Apache Spark, Hive, Storm, Kafka, R server. And the hard part about running open source technology in the cloud is how do you fine tune it? How do you configure it? How do you run it reliably? And that's what sort of we bring in from a cloud perspective. And we also sort of contribute back to the community base to understand what we have learned by running these workloads in the cloud. And we believe in the broader ecosystem, customers will sort of have a mixture of these components and their solution. They'll be using some of the Microsoft solution, some open source solution, some solutions from the ecosystem. And that's how we see a customer solution sort of being built today. What's the big advantage you guys have at Pexata? What's the key differentiator for why someone should work with you guys? Is it the automation? What's the key secret sauce to you guys? I think it's a couple of dimensions. One is, I think we have come the closest in the industry to getting a user experience that matches the Excel target user. A lot of folks are attempting to do the same, but the feedback we consistently get is that when the Excel user uses our solution, they just, they get it. They're like, okay. Was that a design criteria? Was that from the beginning? How are you going to do this? From day one. All right, so you engineer everything to make it as simple as Excel. We want people to use our system. They shouldn't be coding. They shouldn't be writing scripts. They just need to be able to point the click and work with the data. Good Excel users do good macros. That's right. So simple things like that, right? But the second is being able to interact with the data at scale. There are a lot of solutions out there that make the mistake, in our opinion, of sampling very tiny amounts of data and then asking you to draw inferences and then publish that to batch jobs. Our whole approach is to smash the batch paradigm and actually bring as much into the interactive world as possible. So end users can actually point and click on 100 million rows of data instead of the million that you would get in Excel and get an instantaneous response versus designing a job in a batch paradigm and then pushing it through the batch environment. So it's interactive data profiling over vast corpus of data in the cloud. Correct. Nishad Bartolwala, thanks for coming on theCUBE. Appreciate it. Congratulations on Pexata and Microsoft Azure. Great to have you in present. Good job on everything you do with Azure. We want to give you guys props. We're seeing the growth in the market and know the investment has been going well. Congratulations. Thanks for sharing. Cube coverage here in big data. NYC, more coming after this short break.