Hey, guys. Hey, welcome. Linda here from ITTT, back this week with another live session. And if you've been following us, if you've been watching these live sessions for a while now, you know that every first Friday in a new month is Q&A, Tefl Q&A Friday. So that's what we're going to do today, which means you get to ask me your questions about Tefl about TESOL, about teaching English abroad or online or all of those good things. So that's what we're going to do today. Today's all about you, basically. You can ask me your questions and I will try my best to answer them for you. So whether you're already Tefl certified or you're not get certified, you are getting ready to move abroad to teach or you're trying to set up your online teaching business, whatever it is. I am here today to maybe help you a little bit out, give you some information and some pointers. And yeah, I'm open to all the questions that you have. And that's basically it. And as you can see, we also have a discount as with every live session. If you've watched before, you will know we have a 30% discount code that I share with you every time during this live session. So what you can do, you can either scan this QR code right here, or you can also use our link that I'm going to share with you right now in the comment box, right here. So it ends with Facebook Live minus Linda. That's how it ends with, you just copy paste this link, you fill out your application and you see a little discount thing. It says congratulations, you qualify for 30% off or something like that. You'll see that there. So this is valid. You can use this for any Teflur TESOL course from ITTT and also the in class teaching deposits. So that's what you can use it for. And also please guys, excuse me, let me know where you're watching from. I'm always super curious and I want to know where you are today, where you're watching from. What time is it there? How's the weather? Anything else you want to share? Please feel free. Also feel free to grab a beverage of your liking and settle in. Usually our live sessions go anywhere from 45 minutes to an hour. So it depends, usually these Q and As, it depends on how many questions you ask, right? How many questions you ask? That's how long these live sessions are going to last today. Normally also every other week we have certain topics for our live sessions. So only today because it is December second. It is the first Friday in a new month. This is when we do the general Q and A sessions. And then every other Friday we talk about specific topics. So this could be anything like anything about teaching English online or the last time we talked about the demo lesson. If you want, if you apply for a teaching job, sometimes you will be asked to hold a demo lesson. So we talked about the demo lesson. We also talked about Tefl resumes, how to do an intro video. We talked about different destinations, the best places to teach English in Asia, for example, or government funded programs in different countries, all of these things. Sometimes we also have guests. We had a really cool guest a couple weeks ago who runs a Tefl recruitment agency and is focused on China and South Korea. And Dan, who did that with me, he gave us a lot of great information about what the situation is like in China right now with hiring and all of that. So be sure to subscribe, like and subscribe and follow us. You stay up to date on all of these live sessions. They are posted on our page on Facebook and on YouTube.  So watch out for those and also feel free to leave any topic suggestions that you might have for future live sessions. I'm always all ears. I'm always looking for new ideas. So feel free to leave them here as well. So let's have a look. Let me have one sip here real quick or two. All right. Yeah, it's 10 30am here in South Korea where I live. I live in South Korea. I've been living here for seven and a half years, a long time and Friday morning over here. How about where you guys are? Where are you right now? Amitabha. Hi, how are you doing? Welcome back. I'm very well. How are you doing? Very well. Okay, we have Daniel here. He says, hello Linda. It's nice to have you back. Cool. And then we have Ajarn, Olaf. Hi, how are you doing? Watching from Milwaukee, Wisconsin USA, where it's about 7 30pm in central time. Okay. Great. And Ajarn, I see your question. Let me get to it in just a moment. Thank you so much for asking. Daniel also says it's starting to get cold here in Mexico City. Yeah, it's very cold here in Korea too. I got here. So I was actually on vacation for a week. I got back on Wednesday, really early in the morning and went from literally like 30 degrees where I was on vacation to minus degrees here in Korea. So this is Celsius minus nine. It was, I think it was freezing cold in Korea. It is still freezing cold. So a big difference from where I came from where I was on vacation. But yeah, Zayn here watching from the Philippines. Cool. And now we're talking about just watching in Kolkata. How are you doing? It is slightly cool in the mornings and evenings. Yeah. Okay, great. So the weather is getting cooler in many of you guys' places as well. That's cool. Cool. Nice. All right. So let me just get back to our first question here. And this is from Ajarn. So thank you so much for asking. He's asking, are there any teaching programs or is this teaching? Oh, are there any teaching Cambodia or teach in Laos programs? Okay, got it now. So I have a slide for that. So Ajarn, I think you're new here watching. You're the first time watching maybe. Anyway, what you need to know is I have a lot of slides. I like to use slides. And actually I forgot to do my introduction. Let me do that quick, quickly too. See, I was on vacation for a week and now I don't know what I'm doing. Anyway, let me do this first so people know who I am. So my name is Linda and I am a travel writer and content creator among many, many different things. I do a lot of things. But those are like my main things. So my own handle, so to speak, is Linda goes east, east because I'm very passionate about Asia. I've been living in Asia for a very long time. I love teaching in Asia, living in Asia and Asian cultures. So if you are interested also in teaching English in Asia, you might want to check out my website, lindeghosteast.com. You find a lot of information there about teaching in Asian countries and also traveling to different Asian countries. I'm also very active on Instagram at Linda goes east. And I always also say this, if anybody has a question that they don't want to ask here in front of everybody, you can just send me a private DM on Instagram, for example, at Linda goes east and then we can have a conversation on there as well. I'm originally from Germany slash USA. So my mom is German and my dad is American. And I am based in South Korea. I've been living in South Korea for the past seven and a half years. And before that I also lived in China, and I taught English there. And I've been teaching English in South Korea as well.  So if you don't know what it is, it stands for international Teflon Tiesel training. And we are a leading Teflon Tiesel course provider worldwide. So we help people who want to teach English in other countries or online, we help you get certified, we provide the courses and the teacher training so that you have the best possible start to this new and exciting career. That's basically what we're doing. And you can find more information about it at TeflonTiesel.net. So that's about me. And now let me pull this up again. Ajarn's question. And let's talk about it. So Ajarn says, are there any teach in Cambodia or teach in Laos programs? Okay. So I have a beautiful slide about teaching programs here. This is it. So there are different ways you can go about in teaching English abroad. Okay. So one way would be to go through a program like this. And these are programs that are typically set up by the governments in different countries. And not every country has something set up like this. Okay. So here are the most popular and the biggest and the most advanced programs, I guess, that are available. So as you can see, we have a couple here in Europe. We have the Czech Republic. We have Hungary. We have Spain. And we also have places like South Korea and Japan and Chile. And on here, we also have Hong Kong and Italy and France and Georgia. And Spain is on there twice. I need to get that fixed finally. Every time I pull this up, I'm like, yeah, Spain is listed twice here. Okay. So anyway, these are the most popular government funded programs out there for teachers. As you can see, Cambodia or Laos do not have a program like this. Okay. Unfortunately not. But this is only one way of getting a teaching job abroad. Right. So you can go through a program. The benefits of these programs are that they're very, very well organized. They have a lot of experience in hiring foreign teachers. They usually is an orientation period. There's a lot of support for new teachers. You also usually get housing and a fixed monthly salary and things like that, of course. So that's the benefit with these programs. So when it comes to Cambodia or Laos, for example, you can't really go through this program route because they don't have a program like this. So what you will do is you will just look for job openings in Cambodia or in Laos.  And we will be able to send you job offers and you can find positions. We have a vast database of partner schools all around the world and recruitment agencies and recruiters that we work with that specifically hire teachers certified with ITTT certificates. So these jobs are not advertised anywhere else. So that is one way we also have on our website. And this is kind of if you're just starting out with this TEFL or TSO journey, you can have a look here on our website. We have a job section. I'm just going to paste that here into the comment box. And you can filter by country. So you can have a look at different job offers in these countries. So these are open job offers. You can have a look and then you can also look at what are the requirements. So actually for Laos and Cambodia, the requirements are not that high compared to other countries. Most of the time you don't even need to have a degree there. So you'll be good to go for sure. So this is especially if you're just starting out, I think Laos or Cambodia would probably be really good for you. So have a look there, browse the different jobs so you can get a feel for the salary ranges, what they typically offer and also the requirements. And then you can have a look at the TEFL and TSO courses that we offer. And then we'll help you. Okay. Adriane says, I lived and taught in Thailand for three years near Bangkok, Patum Thani, Thailand. Cool. Nice. Yeah. Well, then you already have experience. So you should be more than qualified. You should definitely be able to find a job in Cambodia or Laos. Totally. Good luck with everything. Okay. Awesome. All right. Keep your questions coming please. I appreciate it. Let me know. What else would you like to know? It's getting so cold. So I have a little bit of a thing here in my throat. Anyway. Okay. Adriane says already and familiar with the climate in Southeast Asia. Yeah. Perfect. Great. Yeah. So I mean you'll definitely be and you're not too far away from there. So you might even be able to just head over there and interview in person, right? And then fly back to Thailand might be an option. So that's really cool. Good luck with everything. All right. What is next guys? Let me know. No. Here. Ask me your questions. Feel free to ask me your questions in the comment section. Anything you want to know about TEFL, about teaching, about teaching online, abroad, anything you would like to know. I'm here to answer your questions today. Also trying to think if there's anything in my slides that I can show you. So that's interesting. Maybe the different kinds of courses. We could go over that. If there are a lot of new viewers today, they don't quite know, you know, what course might be good for them. So typically at ITTT, we have a lot of different courses. So this is always the thing, right? You go, you're like, oh yeah, I want to teach English abroad or I want to teach English online. You Google what you need and then you come across TEFL or TSOL. Great. And then you Google TEFL course or TSOL course. And then there's just thousands of different options out there, right? Different providers, different course hours. You might be very overwhelmed. You have no idea what all of this means and which one you should get. I know because I was also very overwhelmed when I was in your shoes many years ago. So I got actually TEFL certified in 2014 with ITTT. So I literally also just Googled TEFL course or TSOL course or whatever. And ITTT was one of the first ones to popped up. And I just for some reason decided to go with ITTT. I read the reviews. They all sound good. Also the prices were good. So I was like, yeah, let's do it. And also because it was online, I took the online course. I was working at the time. So this is just very convenient for me to study at my own pace. And that's why I chose the 120 hour online TEFL course with ITTT. And since then though, we've had a lot of new course editions and also course bundles that didn't exist when I took the course. So this is what I want to show you guys. We at ITTT have you can pretty much choose between 50 and 550 hours of training. However, if you want to teach English abroad, basically want to get a certificate of at least 100 hours. And that's why the 120 hour course is the most popular because 120 hours or 100 hours minimum just has become the international standard. So that's what's required in most countries. Most employers, they want to see 120 hour course. So that's the one you should definitely be getting. And then from there, you can really kind of build upon this. So this is the standard, the first kind of step in your TEFL journey, you want to get the 120 hour course. And then from there, you can kind of build upon your TEFL skills. And you can add things like TEFL and TESOL specialization courses. So at ITTT, we have, for example, teaching English to young learners. We also have teaching business English. And we also have teaching English online as specialization courses. So you can take these additionally to kind of branch out into a niche of teaching. So teaching children or teaching business English. And also just to kind of give you a little bit of an edge and stand out from your competitors who will maybe only have the 120 hour course. So if you have more than that, you will stand out and you can just kind of build your portfolio. All of our courses also are of course internationally accredited and they're accepted worldwide. And I mean, this has been tried and tested by me. So I taught English in China with this certificate. And I taught English in South Korea and also online with my TEFL certificate. And the great thing also about these is like I said, I took mine in 2014, which is eight years ago. It's going to be nine years ago. It's crazy. Is this right? Doesn't even feel real. Long time ago. And they never expire. They never expire. So you don't have to like go in and then take it again. There's no expiration date. So they are good for life. So that's just another really, really great thing. You have these certificates and they're good forever, which is really great. So I have taken four, yeah, four TEFL courses with ITTT in total. So, and I've always had a really good experience with them. So this is the 120 hour TEFL certificate. And like I just mentioned, this course is 100% online and it includes 20 units. So basically kind of split between things like teaching methodology and sort of like the theoretical parts of teaching and also half is grammar. So because learning about grammar or understanding grammar is an important point. You need to understand the grammar in order to be able to teach it. And not only that, but the grammar sections also kind of point out which kind of grammar things, grammar patterns or what parts of grammar most English learners struggle with and how to effectively then teach those. So that's very useful, especially for native English speakers who don't really think about English grammar at all. So that's very helpful. Then yeah, this course allows you to study at your own pace. So you have actually up to six months to complete this course. Most people finish it faster. It depends on, you know, how much time you have in your own personal study style. So for me, because I was working at the time, it took me probably between three and four months to complete this course. I was working. So I only did a couple of units a week, which is totally fine. And then I completed it. And at the end, you receive an embossed hard copy certificate that is sent straight to your door wherever you are in the world. And we also have notarization services available. So this means in some countries like China and Vietnam, I believe, and some other places you might need to get this additional stamp on your certificate for visa purposes and things. And that's also something we can help you with. So yeah, that's the 120 hour TEFL certificate course in a nutshell. And as you can see, it is only $249. And if you use today's 30% off code, it is a lot cheaper than that. And I'm a language teacher, so I can't do math like that in my head. So let me do that for you. So 30% off means you will only pay $174 and you're saving $74 more than $74 off of this certificate, which is a lot. Okay. So definitely worth it. Oh, there you go. Here, this is the discount link. And you can use this and sign up and you get 30% off. Just wanted to point this out one more time. Good. Then we have HR who says I've actually taken a TEFL course through CIEE. Yeah. I mean, there are so many different providers, you know, and the best way is just to kind of compare all of them and to see, you know, if they suit your needs and also the price point and what is included. A lot of times this will kind of vary. So at ITTT, for example, like I already mentioned, we have lifetime jobs assistance, and we also provide the free certificate shipped to you. So these are all services a lot of other providers do not have. It really depends. So you really need to kind of take your time and do your research about all of these providers. And also, obviously, the accreditation, you can figure out, you know, how are they accredited, and then just pick the best course for you. Okay. Adjourns, are there any discounts for folks with TEFL certificates and or degrees? I mean, you can also use the 30% discount code for any other course you want to take with ITTT. So that's definitely possible. So in your case, if you already have the standard course, what I would recommend is getting either here is specialization on top of that. So you can easily take those, which will again, you know, give you an edge and sort of just add something, especially when you're in Asia and you're going to teach a lot of children. You might want to get the young learners certificate. You might also want to get the business English certificate or the teaching English online certificate. So I've taken all of these and they're very useful. I really like them. I enjoyed them. And I think they're definitely worth taking. And then you also have, I don't have a separate slide for this one. So you can just look at the bundles here. Basically, you already have the standard one, the standard certificate, HRN, you can take for example here, if you look at the expert package. Here in part five, it says 250R TESOL diploma course. So you can take this one and you can also get 30% off. So this, because the TESOL diploma course requires people to already have the standard TEFL certificate. So that's the minimum. So you already have that. So you could take this TESOL diploma course now as a next step and you can definitely get 30% off of that one. So just a suggestion or any, of course, any of the specialization courses. Yep. And then yeah, maybe let's talk a little bit about this as well. So how long does it take to complete a 120R TEFL course? Like I already said, in my experience, it took three to four months, but you have in total up to six months to complete this course, which is really more than enough time. This is, you know, we do it this way because we want to give everybody the opportunity to be able to take this course, whether you don't have a job and you have all the free time in the world or you work two or three jobs and have very little time to spare. That's why. So yeah, depending on the type of course you choose, you have between six and 12 months. So you have six months to complete the 120 hour course. But for example, what I just told AJR and the TESOL Diploma course, you actually have one year to complete this course because it is more advanced. The in-class courses also, we also have in-class courses. These are four weeks long and basically you spend four weeks at a location of your choice. We have many different in-class centers all around the world and you would spend four weeks there and complete your training that way. And then at the end, you basically work through the units through your course and at the end you get your certificate and then you can apply for jobs and you start teaching. So this is usually how it works. Okay, Daniel says, that's pretty cool, Linda. We can be sure that taking an ITTT certification comes with great perks. Yeah, for sure. Absolutely, absolutely. And I mean, you also get access to these amazing live sessions every week with me. So that's another great perk, I hope. Yep, great. So yeah, now I'm just going to stop talking for a minute. So I'm going to give you the opportunity to again, ask your questions. Please just anything you're curious about, feel free to ask away because that's why I'm here today.   So ask away or not even a question just if you want to make a comment about anything. I know many of you watching are also TEFL certified and also ITTT certified. So maybe you could share your own little success story or any other feedback or anything else that might help other viewers as well. I would really appreciate that. Let's see. And again, just please don't forget to like and subscribe so you never miss any of our upcoming live sessions.  And we also have a discount link. I'm just going to share that one more time with you guys so you can get a 30% discount. Any TEFL or TESOL course from ITTT. Okay. So don't pay full price. Use this code and save a lot of money. All right. If you're thinking about taking a TEFL course, this is a great opportunity to do so. So this is the link. It ends with Facebook live minus Linda.  All right. I'm just checking. Is this mic? You can hear me, right? You can hear me clearly, I hope. I think so. And I mean, if there are no other questions today, we can also just end earlier. That's also fine with me, you know? But I just really want everybody to have the opportunity to come on and ask a question.  Just whatever is on your mind, feel free to share. Feel free to ask. Totally fine. Because we're kind of at the end of the year now. So you might, a lot of people are thinking about, you know, all my plans for the next year. And a lot of people are thinking, oh yeah, next year will be the year where I'm finally going abroad to teach English. So I'm sure you have a lot of questions if that's also on your mind. If you want to make next year the year you go abroad to teach. I'm sure you have a lot of things to think about, a lot of questions in your head. So just let them out and ask me. Or maybe I will ask you guys a question. Let's see. Here. If you could teach anywhere in the world, where would it be? Let me know in the comments. If you could teach anywhere in the world, just disregard any requirements, any qualifications, anything. If you could just go like this and you would be teleported to the country of your choice where you would want to teach, where would it be? Where would it be? Let me know and just pick one. You can only pick one. You can't be in two places at the same time. So just one, your absolute favorite place, where you would want to teach. Where is it? Even I have to think about this because hmm. Good question, Daniel. Thank you. I'll answer that in just a minute. I'm still thinking about where I would want to teach. I would probably want to teach like on a tropical island somewhere.  I don't know. I think maybe. Maybe somewhere in the Caribbean or oh I have a good one. Okay. If I could teach anywhere in the world, where would it be? It might be a cruise ship and the ship goes all around the world. Imagine. That would be amazing. I have not seen a teaching job offer like this actually. That would be amazing. Imagine you could be a teacher on a cruise ship, an English teacher on a cruise ship. I don't think that actually exists. That would be good. All right. So Daniel has a question here. Daniel is asking Linda, what type of mic and webcam do you recommend using for teaching English online? Okay. So webcam first. If you use a laptop, most of them will have a webcam and usually they're pretty good. If you have like a newer laptop unless it's like 10 years old, which I doubt. So you can just use obviously the integrated. That's what I'm using here too. The integrated webcam that your laptop has is usually fine. And then in terms of microphone, so I'm actually, I actually do not use a microphone for teaching. Sometimes I have this. So for live sessions, I have this microphone, but this is more like a kind of for videos or voice recordings or something. This microphone is also not the best anymore.  That will be the best, I think. These, because they're noise canceling and the mic is very close to your mouth. So they, the students will be able to hear you very clearly. So that would be my recommendation. And actually, maybe I can put one that I like here in your, in the comments. This is one that I personally like to recommend to people. Let me see if I can find it fast. I mean, they even have, they have so many different kinds, but yeah, something like this would actually be great. So, and this is also a bestseller actually. So this one is my personal recommendation. It's from Logitech. Let's see if I can put that in. So something like this would be great here. I can show you here in my, yeah. So something like this, right, where, and this one doesn't even look that bad. I think this looks actually nice. So something like this, and then you have the mic here. And as you can see, this one is a bestseller, number one bestseller in computer headsets. It has a lot of ratings, very good reviews, and it does not cost that much. Look. So something like this would be ideal for teaching online. Good question. Thank you, Daniel. And Daniel also says, I would like to teach somewhere in Asia or Oceania. Great. Yeah. Yeah, somewhere, oh my gosh, in Fiji or something. That would be amazing. Fiji or what's the other one near Fiji? It's Fiji and oh, I can't think of the name now, but somewhere there. That would be amazing to teach there. So yeah, keep your questions coming. I still have a little bit of time. Maybe we can go five more minutes today, and then we'll see. I know everybody's sort of already in, well, maybe not, but in like holiday mood, and people aren't really on Facebook in this time. So it is a little bit more quiet. I understand. That's usually how it is this time of the year. But I appreciate you guys being on here today, and also asking your questions. Daniel has always has really great questions and some really good questions today from A. Jarn who's watching for the first time. So that was really great. And Amitava is here and Zayn asking questions. So I really appreciate you guys. A lot of you guys come back here week after week, and I just really appreciate it. And I can't thank you enough for just watching every week. It's so nice of you. So thank you guys. I would love to have one of you maybe on at some point as a guest and you could talk a little bit about your experience as an ITTT course taker and, you know, your experience after the course that we also really cool, sort of like a ITTT success story. Because typically we have, I mean, we've had guests on before who are course alumni and have moved on to really cool things. But typically we only get a lot of video testimonials, right, instead of just, oh, you can get to the page. Why? I'm sorry. Okay. And I closed it already. Let me see if I can pull it back up or I'm just going to send you the name. It's just called here. Logitech H390 wired headset here. If you look at that, you can probably find it. I might actually need to get this too. This looks actually really nice. I like it. And it's not expensive. I have friends who have the same one and they really swear by it. So that's how I knew about this one. And a lot of teachers are using this particular headset. I just haven't had the chance to personally, but I know that this is a really good one. Let me know if you can find it, Danielle, right? And then maybe we can do the countdown for the last question of today, the very last question today, who is going to ask the last question for today before I sign off? The last question for today before I sign off, but if you don't have any more questions, that's okay too. That means I have answered all of your questions. That makes me happy as well. And yeah, please don't forget to like and subscribe. We do go live every week. So I will be back next week, next Friday, same place, same time I will be here with a specific topic. So only this week, we are having the Q&A with questions from you guys. And then next week, we will actually have a specific topic. And we'll talk about that. And if you have any topic suggestions at any point, let me know. I'm always looking for new ideas, what I can talk about. Because really, we've been doing these live sessions now for over two years. So we've covered a lot of different topics. And I suggest I recommend you have a look at our playlist. We have a whole playlist of our live sessions on YouTube and also on Facebook. So you can browse a little bit and look at the different topics. And you can, I'm sure you will find something that interests you and that you will like in there. And there's a lot of good information, all free. You don't need to be an ITTT course graduate, you know, to watch these or anything like that. So we really just do this all for you guys for free. Okay, Amitava has a good question. So most recruiters be it in Asia as well as in Europe, still stress on the fact that they want teachers from those seven countries only. What to do in such a situation? Please help the helpless in such a state, Linda. Yeah. So what Amitava means by those seven countries only. So there are some countries where this is also the case, especially with the visa and where I live in Korea, they also have this. So you, for example, in Korea, you have to teach under the E2 English teaching visa. And you can only get this visa if you are from one of seven countries or a passport holder from one of seven countries. And that is Canada, North America, Ireland, the UK, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. So these are typically considered to be native English speaking countries. Of course, this is not very 2022 of these people. We know that there are a lot of other other countries where English is a native language and a lot of people from other countries are native English speakers. And this is a very bad situation in a lot of places, right? It's not very of the time anymore, this kind of thinking, and it still persists in a lot of countries and for a lot of recruiters. So Amitava, I would say, and I don't know this now, which, you know, which particular countries you're applying to. And I'm surprised that also in Europe that they say this, because normally this is really an Asian thing. In a lot of Asian countries, they always stick to these seven countries. So I'm surprised that this is in Europe as well. I would just, in this case again, broaden your pool, okay? So just apply to other countries more, apply. You need to just apply to everything you see out there. Obviously only if you like it, but if there's something you really don't like, don't apply to it, but you know, or try online teaching first. Excuse me. Okay, for example, Austria in Europe. Okay, interesting. Yeah, I mean, apply, apply, apply to as many jobs as possible. It's hard. It's hard also in this, you know, at the moment, it might also be this time of the year that is difficult. It's the end of the year. Might not be the hiring season right now in these places. So pick a handful of countries where you would like to go. Find out where are the top hiring seasons. And you can also find this information on ITT on Teflocourse.net on our website for hiring seasons. Contact as many different recruiters as possible. Apply to as many different jobs on your own as possible. And I'm sure you will find a position. Have a good professional looking intro video that you can attach to your application. We've spoken about that in our previous live session. And it will work. It will work. You just need to be persistent and maybe just open your yeah, pool of countries where you want to work more.  It's not fair. It's not right. And unfortunately it is in many places it is still like that. And I really hope that that is changing. And we just have to kind of push back and be patient also. So I hope that helps a little bit. Thank you Amitava. I wish I could do more. I wish I could just place you in this school and hand you a job. But yeah, sometimes it can be a lot of work. So nevertheless, thanks a lot for your kind suggestions Linda. I hope you have a nice weekend. Thank you you as well Amitava. Don't give up. That's the important thing. Don't give up. You know, if this is your dream, you need to stay persistent and patient and then it will happen. Okay, however long it takes, however long it takes, it will happen for you. And also regulations and rules are always changing. And we have seen things getting better in that area as well. So just stay patient and it will happen as well. All right. Thank you guys so much for all of these comments. And I hope I was able to a little bit answer some questions today. Again, just thank you for always being here, for asking really great questions. And I hope that next week I'll see you all again for another topic. It will be interesting. I can promise you that. And I hope to see you here and just, yeah, thank you so much for tuning in today and stay happy and stay healthy. And I hope to see you all again next week. All right. Thank you guys so much. I'm going to have a great weekend. Bye guys.


Hey everybody, my name is Justin. I've been here since April and this is my first time presenting at a meetup. So please let me know if there's anything I can improve. I'm always open for suggestions. So like I said, my name is Justin Burris. I work for a company here in Singapore called Neo Innovation. We're a Rails consultancy, but we also dabble in Python and other things. So without further ado, I'm going to go into my five tips. So I've been like really into spaghetti westerns recently. So I've tried to name these things after like characters that might appear in a western. So I'll start off with the quick draw. So this tip works in Ruby 2.0 and above. And I'm going to talk about option and keyword arguments. So with Ruby, you can pass in a hash to your method and that hash can contain any number of keys inside of it, as you would expect.  Now what you can do with Ruby 2.0 now is you can have these things called keyword arguments. And so you can take this same hash and you can now break it apart into separate keywords. But what's really nice about this is instead of referencing it as like options, colon, one of many, you can just say one of many. And this can really help to clean up your code. And it just makes it easier because you don't have to type in your your hash name every single time. 2.1 allows you to have required keyword arguments. But most people aren't on 2.1. So I didn't talk about that. 2 is a reductionist. So one of the things that I think is really awesome about Ruby is map and reduce are really easy to use just due to the nature of the way Ruby handles. There are numerators. But unfortunately, a lot of times people won't really know like the best use case for map or reduce. And so I just wanted to quickly go over like how to use them. So map is pretty straightforward. What it does is it takes an array of things and then it enumerates over them, performs some operation, and then it turns an array of whatever the result of your block is. So for example, if you have 1, 2, and 3 and you map over them and you multiply them by some sort of secret value, which in this case is 10, you get 10, 20, and 30. So use map whenever you want to have an array as your result in a sentence. Reduce allows you to take an array or anything you can enumerate over and then apply some sort of function to it. In this case, I'm just going to add in the numbers to my accumulator. So whenever I reduce 1, 2, 3, I get 6 with this particular function. But you can do anything like you can take an array and like concatenate a string from it, all sorts of stuff.  Map is also known as collect. This is something I didn't know until recently. They're actually just the same thing. It's just some syntactic sugar. And the same thing goes for reduce, it's known as inject. So like sometimes I'll use one or the other based upon my mental model of what I'm doing. Like if I'm injecting something into something, I'll call it inject. If I'm reducing it down, I'll call it reduce. But they're totally optional. Tip three is the expressive regular. So regular expressions in Ruby are like really easy and they're pretty straightforward to use. You can just use slashes to delineate the regular expression. But it can get a little weird when you have like a URL. Because now you have to escape these slashes and it just kind of looks ugly. It's hard to parse if you have a lot of these things. So what's nice though is you can just use %r. And you can wrap that thing in curly braces.  So it makes it really easy. Tip four, the exorcist. So I've been working with a lot of system level code recently. And I have a need to demonize some of my Ruby processes. And I was using process.damon. And this works great to send your process to the background. But there's a small problem if you need a PID. Because your process just exits. And so like your options are like, well, I could like look through all my running processes and grab the name. And that's just ugly. So you can just use fork. So whenever you fork a process, it returns a PID.  And then detach the process at that PID. And then exit your original process. And so this enables you to demonize something and grab a PID from it. And you can also do some cool stuff if you want to have like two processes or whatever you want. All right, tip five is the hired guns. So in addition to like some cool code tips, I wanted to give like some general Ruby and or development tips. So I want to go over Rubyler, which is like a really awesome website that enables you to just type in a regular expression and a test string here. And then it'll show you what matches. It's super intuitive, very easy to use. And has a quick reference as well. Also want to talk about private mode. So a lot of people are familiar with pride, you can open up like a console session that's like really nice and easy to use. But it can get a little more complicated when you have a setup like this. So if you have a Rails controller, and you're hitting some sort of action inside of that. And there's something going wrong in there. It's not necessarily an error, but there's something you want to dig into here. What you can do with private mode is you can just drop in this binding here. And whenever you visit your website at that particular action, you can just invoke it just by calling private mode on the console. Now what's really nice about this is if your if your particular website runs in the background using something like pow, or any other HTTP server, this enables you this enables you to grab onto your session at wherever you drop this binding. And it makes it really easy to debug. Now, this is you can use this in conjunction with better errors. Better errors will do the same thing, but in the browser. The advantage of private mode in this case, though, is that you get the full terminal. So you can do like tab completion, and like all the sorts of things you normally expect out of a console. But I definitely recommend using both. Next, I want to talk about graphite. Graphite is like a really, it's a Python tool that enables you to log a whole bunch of information very easily and very quickly over a UDP connection. And what that does is it will just send off packets, and it won't wait for an acknowledgement or reply or anything. So your server doesn't have to wait on actually figuring out if they received the packet. You can lose them sometimes, so that's a disadvantage of UDP. But what's nice is if you're collecting a ton of analytical data, it makes it very easy to just pop it off and forget about it. And it does this in real time. So what's cool about graphite is, let's say you get thousands of hits a second, well, it just records it over a certain specified interval, and then it ships them all off at once. So you don't flood your server, which is really nice. And then finally, I want to talk about Remark.js, which is the tool that I used to build this slideshow. You can build your slideshow on a Markdown, and it's pretty easy to use. I literally used it today, and this is the first time. And if you want to talk to me, that's my Twitter handle. As you can see, I tweet all the time. Not really, I've had this account for years. And thanks. Any questions? Have you made any success with Primalone and Pullman? I found that when I run Pullman, I've got a lot of... Yeah. So I haven't had a lot of luck with Pullman, unfortunately. You can just drop in a prize session, though. Biden got pride. Can I attach to a different process? I don't know. Because I found that when you find a prior form start, which is like a long, simple thing, you get to do a time position like that. Wow. I haven't had that problem. So maybe our form and setup is configured differently. Unfortunately, I didn't set it up, so I'm not exactly sure. So the same project as that. We have had issues with Primalone, if I remember correctly. There are two different providers, and anyone who wants to see a movie version, you might have issues with Primalone. There is an open ticket for that, and their solution is basically way in place. Okay. So I don't remember which one I'm thinking about, but it's an issue here. Who used Primalone prior is a new product, so I think it's probably not enough. No, no, no. So buying a bug in Primalone doesn't matter. So we noticed that I'm on a private project where just remove that and just stop shopping. So it might be worth checking out what the bugging tool kits you're seeing and see which one it moves. Like I said, I'm always looking for input. So especially if you're new to Ruby, or if you're very experienced, I'd love to hear, you know, how you talk about Primalone.


Let's just take a look at a couple other ones. If I go to the schedule again, and let's go to number T. So it says pension or annuity from a non-qualified, hold on, that's not the one I was looking at. Let's just go to U here. Wages earned while incarcerated. So hopefully you're not incarcerated or anything, but if you had a deal with someone who's incarcerated and has wages while incarcerated, we might have to report those. So just to check those out, I'm gonna say let's jump to, and so obviously those would go here. So that's just an example of that line. Again, these wages then would be summed up on down below, pull over to page one of the form 1040. And then if you go through this list of items up top and you think that something is included in income, but there is no location for it, then you might go to the other income down here. And remember, as you do that, the question is always gonna be, is this something that's subject to self-employment tax, in which case you might have to report it on the Schedule C or something. Otherwise, you might have to include it down here as the other income and some items for that reimbursement of other amounts received for items deducted in an earlier year, such as medical expenses, real estate taxes, general sales tax, home mortgage interest, and so on. So again, you have another scenario, which is similar to the situation we talked about having income related to the state tax. So if you got a state tax deduction, you've got the tax refund up top because if you got a deduction for the state tax in the prior year, and you got a benefit from it, which would only happen if you had a Schedule A and you were able to get the benefit from that deduction in the prior year, but then they refunded it, then we have that scenario, which is quite common, which is why it's on number one of the Schedule One, which is that you might have to include that refund in income. The rationale being the only other thing you could do would be go into the prior tax return and amend it. So you don't want to go prior tax return and amend it. You'd rather kind of fix it going forward here. You have a similar scenario with these other kind of reimbursements because the concept would be if you got a benefit from it last year, a deduction, and then they reimbursed something that you got a benefit from, from a reduction, a deduction, then you can either amend the prior year tax return, which would be quite tedious, or you could try to, if they allow you to fix it going forward, that would be the easier thing to do. Those things are easy to do. We got reemployment, trade adjustment, assistance, lost on certain corrective distributions, dividends on insurance policies, recapture of the charitable contribution deduction, a couple of those recapture items. So those are the main ones down here. We got the taxable distributions from the Coverdale Education Savings Account or equivalent tuition distributions from these accounts may be taxable if, so that would be a situation where you have those benefit kind of investment plans that might be subject to tax. And if they were subject to tax, then that might be the way you'd have to put them down here on the bottom line. So that's the catch-all if there's no other location to find it. But again, the general idea, and I'm gonna stop saying again, I'm sorry for saying again so many times, I'll apologize again for saying again so many times again. But the general rule is that you wanna make sure that you're taken into consideration whether or not you are subject to the self-employment tax. If you are, then you might have to do a Schedule C or something like that. If you're not, then you would expect it possibly to be over here somewhere. And the other income, if there's no line item for it, then you've got the catch-all category down here at the other income line Z.


Welcome to the Dr. Gundry podcast. Well, you know, we pride ourselves on covering important health issues and nothing is off limits. So a few weeks ago I answered listeners questions about a topic that's extremely important to at least most of us, sex. But due to time constraints, I could only get to about half of the questions I wanted to answer. And since that episode aired, many listeners wrote in asking for a second episode on sexual health. So today I'm picking up where I left off on this on-core episode of the Dr. Gundry podcast. I'll answer listeners questions about healthy genitals, libido, and so much more. So stay tuned. You might be surprised by some of my answers or maybe all of my answers. So you know how to take care of your heart, brain, and gut, but your genitals are important too, just as every other part of your body. So I'm going to share how you can keep your genitals as healthy as can be. So here's a few questions from Instagram on that topic. I struggle with constant yeast infections. How do I deal? So here's the deal. Yeast infections seem to be a very common problem with women. And first thing you have to know is that we now know that there is a vaginal microbiome, just like there's a gut microbiome, just like there's a skin microbiome.  It turns out that one of the things that the vaginal microbiome does or does not do is make you fertile or less fertile, and it can actually kill off your partner's sperm if that's what they want to do and in the wrong bugs are living in there. And pay attention. So what about yeast infections? Well, the vast majority of yeast infections that I see in my patients usually follow number one around of antibiotics for a completely different reason, whether it was you had the sniffles and your doctor gave you a Z-Pak or anything else, or you had a bladder infection. And that, whether you knew it or not, totally changed your vaginal microbiome.  But when you kill off all the other bacteria and fungi that keep that yeast in balance, then that yeast has a field day and overgrows. Let me give you an example. In heart surgery, we would always give patients antibiotics following heart surgery and a number of these patients would develop a yeast infection of their mouth called thrush or a yeast infection of their esophagus, which could often be devastated. I actually wrote a paper about it years ago and it was following antibiotics that this always started. Now, there are anti-fungal, anti-yeast antibiotics. Most of you know them as ni-statin is the most common one.  And many times we have to resort to using these vaginal troches of ni-statin to do the job. But the point is that yeast infection is a sign that something's wrong with the mixture of your microbiome. And often it's from antibiotics. And often it's actually because you had a bladder infection or as many of my younger patients call it honeymoon cystitis. And that has to do with a bladder infection that comes from sudden repeated intercourse where you actually do introduce colon bacteria into your bladder during the process of sex. So the old adage is the minute you finish intercourse, get up and pee is one of the greatest recommendations that anybody can give. And no, it's not an insult to your partner. And yes, I know you want to cuddle, but get up and pee and then come back and cuddle. And it'll make a huge difference. Having said that, if intercourse isn't the cause of bladder infections, I can tell you that more and more and more evidence now shows that most bladder infections, whether they're in men or women, come from bacteria in your colon migrating through a leaky gut wall directly into your bladder. And that's why we have this epidemic of bacterial bladder infections, particularly in women, because your bladder sits even more adjacent to the rectum than men. And you are, if you're sexually active, have a constant source of introducing more of these bacteria into your bladder than, for instance, a man who has a few inches that bacteria have to travel before they can actually get into the bladder during sex. So get up and pee and then come back to bed. Now, one other piece of advice. Again, you want to change your vaginal microbiome. There are now specific probiotics for the vagina, but one of the oldest tricks that still works is use apple cider vinegar douches. And as strange as that may seem, it used to be an incredibly old trick. Even plain old vinegar was one of the best old tricks. And sometimes old tricks are some of the best. So you got to reestablish a normal flora. Next question. Is there a safe and healthy substance you can use to combat dryness or discomfort during intercourse? Painful sex is a real thing, particularly in the perimenopause and menopausal period where vaginal dryness is a real thing. Vaginal dryness occurs because you stop secreting estrogen. Now, there are numerous ways to get estrogen locally. You can actually get compounded estradiol. You can get compounded DHEA. That's different than DHA, which is the fish oil component. But these all carry a risk of topical estrogen being absorbed into your body. And I'm not going to spend any time, at least during this podcast, on the pros and cons of estrogen replacement in the postmenopausal period. That would take several hours to give you my opinion. Lubricants do work. The most common lubricant mentioned or used by most of my patients is good old KY jelly, which is available at any drugstore. It works, it doesn't stain, and it is a very effective lubricant. We use it in the operating room and in the hospital. How can I maintain a healthy prostate? So here's the deal on your prostate gland. Your prostate gland produces fluids to ejaculate sperm during intercourse, during ejaculation.  In fact, it's produced all the time. But the most important thing for prostate health is actually not stimulating your prostate gland with insulin. And I have yet to see a man with enlarged prostate who doesn't have an elevated insulin level. Now, we're told, guys, that as you get older, your prostate gets bigger. And that's just normal. It's a normal part of aging. Well, that's one of the great mistakes we made that getting an enlarged prostate is not a normal part of aging. And if your prostate is enlarged, almost always, at least in my experience over the last 20 years, it's because you have an elevated insulin level. And when your insulin level falls by following the principles of the plant paradox, and I guarantee you it will fall, your prostate gland will shrink. And I can't tell you the number of men who were actually on some of the prostate shrinking drugs like Flowmax, for example, who got off their Flowmax after their insulin level dropped and their prostate shrunk. So one of the best ways to keep your prostate healthy is, in fact, get your insulin level down. The same thing we found is that a great number of men develop prostatitis or infections of their prostate. And it used to be thought that this was from intercourse. But again, it's very difficult for a man to have fecal bacteria infect his prostate coming back up through the urethra, or a man getting infected by the woman's vaginal flora coming back through his penis. Instead, we're now beginning to realize that the prostate is right next to the rectum in men, and that it's a leaky gut, a leaky colon and rectum that's allowing bacteria to get into the prostate. So doubly important that if you have prostatitis, if you have an enlarged prostate, getting your microbiome back in order, getting your leaky gut fixed will do wonders to fix your prostate. It's no secret that your gut affects every aspect of your health, which leads me to the question, how does gut health affect sexual health? Well, so number one, if you've got a bladder infection or if you've got a prostate infection, quite frankly, one of the last things you want to think about is intercourse, because one of the most painful things that you can have is intercourse when you have a bladder infection or a vaginal infection or a prostate infection. It's just no fun. But more importantly, we know that your mood is so strongly affected by your gut health, and we know particularly in women that mood has so much to do with sexual desire that it's not even worth mentioning. I think all of you women listeners know that mood is really what drives your interest in sex for the most part. We've mentioned before that in general, visual cues for men is often one of things that men absolutely have to have, but mood is far more important for women, which actually brings me to the next question, how do women get in the mood if they have low sex drive? So I see a number of patients in both my Palm Springs practice and Santa Barbara practice where they have visited who I call Dr. Field Goods in hormone replacement therapy and whether this is by pellets, whether this is bioidentical hormones, whether this is in shots, whether this is in prescriptions. So many women in particular are told in the perimenopause period or the postmenopausal period that their lack of desire is because of low hormones, and particularly the hormone testosterone. There is sadly pretty good data that testosterone does not have a huge effect on women's sexual desire. About 15% of women will respond to testosterone replacement with increased sexual desire, sometimes dramatic, but about 85% of women will not respond, even at high dose testosterone. And I see sadly numbers of women who are shaving their arms that are shaving their face in an effort, and they come in with testosterone levels of anywhere from 200 to 750, which many men would think would be the most wonderful thing that ever happened to them, and they still have no sexual desire. And yet their doctors keep pushing testosterone on them to find this magic level. I have a very good friend, gynecologist, who's office is next door to me, who's taught me a lot through my career. And he says, without a doubt, and I've come to agree with him, that if a woman has low sexual desire, he wants to look at the social circumstances of that relationship, of that marriage, if it's a long-term couple, how tired both individuals are, rather than looking at giving them testosterone or any other of the sex hormones. Can women take Viagra? Well, yeah, anybody can take Viagra. It has been tried for women. There have been experiments with women. It does not increase sex drive. You have to understand that Viagra dilates blood vessels. It was developed to dilate blood vessels in the lung. And some happy researcher found out it had an additional benefit for him. But so Viagra does not stimulate sexual desire.  But as I said before, if your husband is taken Viagra, it ought to be the biggest wake-up call for his otherwise health, both his brain health and his heart health, get him to get somebody who will counsel him on the plant paradox. And believe me, you'll be pleased. Let me add one other thing. It's often said that older couples aren't interested in sex. And I can tell you, with my couples in their late 70s, mid 80s, late 80s, early 90s, it continuously fascinates me, the number of women of that age who are asking me for help with their husband, because they still want sex. And that's probably one of the greatest news that anybody can have is that this getting old does not mean that you aren't interested or incapable of enjoying sex. And so, yeah, there's a lot of late 80-year-old women who are making me try to get help for their husbands because they actively want sex, which is great news. And I think I said this on the other podcast.  And genes understand that if you're still trying to do that, they ought to keep you around. That's why in the village of Aciiroli, south of Naples in Italy, we have the largest percentage of people over 100 of any town in the world, both the women and the men say that they are extremely horny. So what is your opinion on men getting vasectomies and women getting their tubes dyed? Are there any medical drawbacks to these procedures? Yes and no. The good news is that with the development of microsurgical techniques with operating microscopes, vasectomies and tubal ligations can be undone. It is not always successful. But one of the things that we all have to realize is that preventing pregnancies is a two-person job. It is not solely the woman's job to protect against an unwanted pregnancy. And so this is something that couples have to decide, which is the best option for themselves. And we all know that all methods of contraception have drawbacks, including vasectomies and tubal ligation. But the drawbacks 20 years ago, which basically you couldn't undo these operations, are now not the drawback that they used to be. So these are options in your pregnancy-preventing armamentarium, but the option of not being able to reverse it is now less and less worrisome. Okay, so that's it for today, round two. We're happy to do round three or four and keep the cards and letters coming in. But now it's time for our audience question. Arthur Levine on YouTube wrote, Is it possible that since I have been following the food recommendations on the Dr. Gundry podcast that my color blindness has decreased? You know, that is a great question. And one of the things we're learning more and more and more about eye health is, first of all, there's a lot of new exciting data that glaucoma, or high pressure in the eyes, is most likely an autoimmune phenomenon. The other thing we're learning is that macular degeneration is almost certainly an autoimmune phenomenon in the back of the retina. The third thing that's really exciting is that DHA, the component in fish oil that I talk about that's so important, is critical for number one, your brain and for nerve functioning. And it's also one of the things that most of us kind of don't realize is that your eyeball and the back of your retina and your opting nerve is actually an extension of your brain. It literally in embryology grows out from your brain.  And so the effect of, among other things, fish oil and the effect of polyphenols and the effect of removing lectins from your diet will absolutely affect your eye health and your ability to see, if you will. So your observation doesn't surprise me at all. And if you look at the literature on what DHA does for eye health specifically and for retinal function, it's actually, it'll blow your mind what happens when you get more DHA for your retinal function. And that's, retina is what colorblind is all about. So great question. Okay, review of the week. Following the episode with the primal kitchen founder, Mark Sisson, Ezekiel Creature said, I just wanted to say thank you, doctor. I had never even heard of lectins before I came across you. Within two days of stopping them, my memory started to get better and a heaviness in my chest started going away. After a week and a half, my memory started to be great. I'm going to keep watching your videos. Thanks. Well, Ezekiel Creature, thanks a lot. Incidentally, Ezekiel Brad, as we talked about maybe one of the most harmful foods you can eat because sprouting increases lectin content. So thanks for writing in. This is why I do this. This is why the podcast is here. And it's letters like you that keep me doing this. So appreciate the follow up. And I'm glad you're thinking better. Before you go, I just wanted to remind you that you can find the show on iTunes, Google Play, Stitcher, or wherever you get your podcasts, because I'm Dr. Gundry, and I'm always looking out for you.


Welcome to JSA TV Europe and our live two-day event on 2023 predictions. I'm Jean-Marc Lehmann, joining me today is Richard Berger, Senior Manager for Global Business Optimisation Strategy for Data Centres at Airdale by Modin. Richard, welcome to JSA. I hope everything is okay with you. Thanks, Jean. There's no doubt this has been a very busy year for everyone in the sector. So I kind of wanted to start by asking you what balance do you make of 2022 when it comes to data centres? Oh, wow, that's a good question. Balance in terms of everything that is driving the market, sustainability is an area where we have seen real leverage this year. I think we've got challenges and opportunities all the way across in terms of driving us towards carbon net zero, energy efficiency, where we really try and drive towards tackling things like water scarcity that has been increasing in terms of column inches right the way across the board looking at ambient temperatures, pressures that are going on right the way around through Europe and beyond as well. You've got power. Obviously, the build-out rates that we're seeing are still very aggressive and in terms of supply chain, we have to really try and manage that through. But we have seen that power has become an increasing issue in terms of power usage, which is where we try and come in in terms of maximising the least amount of power that we use. We've got players who are doing self-generation in terms of power as well and autonomy inside of that. You're seeing some of the hyperscalers who are really starting to develop that. Areas where we're trying to look to drive is that maximise free cooling side, really trying to drive the marketplace in terms of that efficiency piece, power usage as well. We're seeing a lot of growth in the market. We've seen a lot of supply chain pressures right the way through in terms of it can be the smallest component part. It can be things like fans, compressors, controllers that we have to manage and we have to be proactive with. I think for that, we've had to manage that in terms of active supply chain management all the way through. As I alluded to, we're seeing a big increase in terms of things like sustainability. It's becoming a business issue, a daily issue. Consumers are more aligned with what's going on in the data centre space and are asking questions and that's an area where we're really trying to maximise, look at how we move forward. Okay, interesting. When you look at the sector and as we now go into a new year, do you think we are heading in the right direction when it comes to sustainability, carbon neutrality and all the climate topics that we've been discussing over the last 12 months? Yeah, directionally, yes. I think we are. I think we're moving in more positive direction. I think players, suppliers, operators are trying to get ahead of legislation that is obviously coming and is here. We're trying to self certify and really try and drive the agenda moving forward in terms of how we look at things like carbon emissions, how we look at things like PUE, power usage effectiveness and WE, water usage effectiveness as well, talking around that water scarcity. I think key to all of this is how we collaborate together as a kind of a main ecosystem right the way through and I think there's still work that we can do in terms of that, defining what good looks like, sharing best practice, getting that ratified sustainability programmes and parameters around that, really trying to ascertain what good looks like and what the measurements are. In terms of measurements as well, controls I think is a big area that is driving that as well. In terms of you look at everything that's happened in the last 12 months, energy efficiency, mapping out power, having your whole facility in your hands so you know exactly what's being used and where. I still think we need continued two-way education right the way across the board in terms of data centres and the communities with which they're residing. There's a lot of opportunities in there, in terms of sustainability, how we use those facilities. Heat reclaim is something that everyone is talking about, there's use cases there for it. Okay great, if your data centre is right by the side of a vertical farming application or a pool but it's also looking at the district heating that you've got in there, where you can really try and use that hot, that warm air. I think the adoption of various DC packs as well, also increasing. So ESG is really front and centre, it's imperative, focusing on waste pollution. So yeah, I think we're in a good place to keep tackling. If everyone keeps going, moving in the right way towards the goals that you're seeing, operators are really trying to bring that forward. So like I say, engagement key with local communities and just really trying to push that pathway forward. Yeah, you touched upon so many different aspects of it because there are a lot of good use cases and I think especially from summertime till now, we've seen a lot of deployments around heat reusable in Europe, I guess in parts because of what's happening. But also the technology, the adoption of technology has changed and that's the natural progression of the industry. But I was going to ask, a technology that has been around for a long time is air cooling. And you guys are quite big in air cooling, one of the biggest players in the market. I don't know the market show, so I'm not going to say the biggest because I don't know if it's the biggest, second or third, but it's within that range there. Yeah, absolutely. But what are still the challenges around air cooling? Yeah, I mean, there's always challenges that are at play in any kind of market. I think the challenges that we see are density and continued efficiency there, the biggest challenges that we see as the market pushes towards next generation GPUs and CPUs coming online. We believe that they'll continue to see air as the primary medium. We can cool to levels 25, 30 kilowatts plus in terms of rack densities, but we do appreciate that that capacity side is rising. And we're seeing that that is slowly being eroded in certain areas. We play in different areas of the market as well, but the need to use less energy and other resources coupled with things like space claim and footprint are key areas that we see. Footprint is always a massive one in terms of Europe. You're trying to get that maximum capacity out the smallest possible footprint. And that's where we're looking to things like kind of design and those kind of areas, refrigerants as well, changing out in terms of the refrigerant side. I think we're seeing growth drivers within that, driving us towards low GWP, which is interesting and we're at the forefront. We've kind of got things like free cooling potential, obviously on our ambient profiles where we've got potential to really maximize cooling and reducing that mechanical cooling side as well. What we do believe to be true really as a market is that this hybrid approach to data centers of the future will continue to be forthcoming. We'll have a mix of high density, liquid cooled areas and areas of medium dense air cooled as well. That's kind of what we're seeing with our customer base. I think there's still vast advantages in terms of that complete system and bringing everything together from the outdoor to the indoor, combining it through with intuitive controls as well. That's really an area where we kind of come to the fore to make that maximized solution. Okay, I was going to ask, when you go into a customer's data center, what's one thing that you still see them doing wrong that really throws you into a different stratosphere? I don't think there's many things that you really see that are going wrong. I mean, it's horses for courses in a way. Everyone has a different operational strategy and a different way of putting things together. What is key for us is that there's no right or wrong way of doing things. The key for us is getting in early, working with design consultants and really kind of ingraining, working collaboratively to try and get the right kind of solution moving forward. You always see retrofit, old historic data centers and obviously there's legacy systems there where you can get a lot of efficiencies based on swapping out equipment or retrofits to existing equipment. I think controls is a big one. I think controls is a big one in terms of integrating everything together, not looking at just one system, but looking at it as a whole complete package and how we can monitor that and then make little changes, little tweaks that really drive that operational efficiency, reduce your cost to run your data center as well. That's kind of what I would be saying on that side. Interesting. Then looking at Airdale and what the company is going to be focusing on next year. Tell us about expansion, launches, new hires. What kind of have you got plans business-wise across Europe? Yeah, absolutely. In terms of a market, Airdale by Maudine has gone from strength to strength. We're part of the Maudine group so we are obviously sizable. We're $2 billion worth. We're trying to drive ourselves towards, we are a diversified industrial, we're trying to engineer a cleaner, healthier world. What we've done with that is we've expanded out from our nucleus of the UK base and we now have manufacturing capacity right the way across the globe so we can facilitate our customers globally. We have two plants within North America where we've had really aggressive expansion. We also have two UK facilities, one in concert, one in Leeds, where we look at cryo production, chiller production and we have our control sensors as well there. Then we've also manufacturing out in Europe as well. We have a large scale plant in Guadalajara in Spain and we're also increasing and driving into the Indian market as well out of our Chennai facility. Exciting times for our expansion, kind of footprint and growth. With that, you mentioned about employees. I mean, for us, our people is our greatest strength. We're engineers, first, second and third. That's what we drive towards doing. So we're investing in our workforce and we're investing across the globe on that. Training, aligning to the right customers in the right markets to give that level of support. So we're really just trying to invest in that, trying to grow. You mentioned about what do I see in other day's centres. It's about that tacit knowledge that you take on right the way through. I think for us, controls is absolutely central and pivotal to that. As we kind of move forward, we're expanding out product ranges, fan wall side, chillers, right the way across all the different platforms. So we've got coverage right the way across the board and we're really trying to drive that expansion through, hand in glove with the customer. Okay, so if you want to reach out to learn more, how can you do that? Sorry, J.O., if we want to reach out more. If you want to reach out to learn more about Airdale. Oh, yeah. Oh, yeah. Sorry, of course. Don't worry. Don't worry. I could talk to that. I've had IT gremlins all day, so I know exactly what you're meaning on that. In terms of reaching out to us, easiest ways is to go on the website. That's www.airdale.com. That's A-I-R-E-D-A-L-E.com. We're on a multitude of social media channels. You can find us on LinkedIn, Airdale by Meridine. You can connect with my GoodSelf and others right the way across the board. So yeah, in terms of email addresses, you've got connect to Airdale.com if you've got any inquiries on the back of this and you can reach out to me directly as well. So they're the main areas, J.O. Okay, and I was going to ask you to wrap it up. If you had to describe how you feel about going into 2023 in one word, how do you feel about the market? Exhilarated. Okay, well, that's a different word from usually what people choose. That's a good one. You've always got to be, haven't you? Yeah, you have to choose a different one. So, Richard Berger, thank you so much for joining us. As for our viewers, thank you for tuning in to JSA-TV Live. 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