All right everybody, it's Veronica Howard. So we're going to talk a little bit more about some examples of escape and avoidance. Remember that this content really is the most challenging content. I find that students really struggle here semester after semester because negative reinforcement is really difficult to wrap your head around. This idea of doing a behavior to prevent or escape something that's currently happening is, it's not intuitive. So we're going to take a little time here. I'm going to give you a few different examples. We're going to identify if we're looking at an example of negative reinforcement. If we're looking at escape or avoidance, we're also going to try to identify the behavior that is changing, as well as the reinforced error in these upcoming behavior change procedures. So we've got Marcy. Marcy's been arrested for possession of illegal drugs. During the first month of her sentence, she agrees to turn state's evidence and snitch on some friends who are selling heroin to help reduce her own charges. This is an example of what? Let's say this is probably an example of negative reinforcement. The behavior that we're seeing more of is the testifying behavior. And remember, we were having zero of it before. Now we're going to get her to testify. And the reason that we might be seeing this is because this is an example of escape. What that means is Marcy's already been caught. She's serving time. So she's already experiencing the jail time. And presumably it's aversive because she's willing to work to escape or avoid it. So this is probably an example of negative reinforcement. And what we're looking at here is specifically escape because the aversive stimulus, the negative reinforcer is already present. And now she's going to work to get away from it. Let's do another example. Most of us pay taxes in April. We try to prevent the consequences from not paying our taxes, like losing our property, going to jail. What is this? Well, I would say that this is probably also an example of negative reinforcement because we see that the taxes part, filing your taxes or paying your taxes is the behavior. And we get more of it. It's got a very specific schedule. And remember, we'll come back and talk about schedules in a future topic. But what we have here is probably avoidance. And I'm going to do a little asterisk here because we'll talk about some situations in which maybe it's not negative reinforcement. However, if you're paying taxes, if you're actually filing your taxes and paying off a balance, we're probably looking at avoidance. And then we're seeing an increase in the behavior of filing those taxes to escape or avoid, or excuse me, to avoid exclusively some sort of investigation or to keep your items from being taken away. Let's do another example. If you've ever gotten a bad headache, you know that sometimes taking an aspirin or some ibuprofen can help you feel better. What is this? Well, I would say this is also negative reinforcement because we have an increase in the taking medication behavior with the effect that it's going to allow us to escape the headache. The headache is already present. We're engaging in a response to escape or avoid the headache after it's arrived. So this is an example of escape behavior. But not all medication taking behavior is escape maintained. We could also have, like Diamante takes a trip to a medication every day to prevent migraines from developing. Is this escape or avoidance? I would say in this case, this is probably avoidance with a condition like migraines taking the medication to prevent something from happening means that you're working to prevent the delivery. You're working to avoid it. You never want it to come. So this could be migraine medication or blood pressure medication or, you know, antidepressants. Like you're working actively to prevent something from ever coming your way. So we're circumventing or we're nipping the bud before it ever gets delivered. And so this is an example of avoidance maintained behavior. Now, part of the difficulty here is that with some of these examples, you could make a strong case that there are possibly multiple reinforcers going on. So for instance, in the example of paying taxes, well, some people pay their taxes to avoid being audited. But others complete their taxes because they're receiving a tax refund. And in that case, yeah, one could potentially make the case here that we have an increase in behavior paying taxes or filing taxes. But it could be because of two totally different consequences. For some folks, it's going to be the avoiding the audit. And for others, it's going to be receiving the refund. And so what you have here is negative reinforcement, avoiding the audit versus positive reinforcement, receiving a tax refund. We might also see, for instance, what happens if you're really active, you're physically active, you keep in good health. Some people, if they're exercising for good health or because it makes them feel good, we might be talking about positive reinforcement. But if other people are exercising because they like that trim physique or they want to avoid or prevent any health problems from developing, maybe we're talking about negative reinforcement. And this can also be a challenge. To know which of these is actually the reinforcer for the behavior, we might have to do something called a functional analysis. And we're going to come back to understanding function a little bit. But remember that that really helps us identify and isolate the specific variable that's going on here. Now, if you're getting a question and you're not quite sure, are we looking at positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, ask yourself is something being added or something being removed. If it asks for a general procedure, you can just tell me reinforcement. If you see behaviors increasing, reinforcement. But if you have any questions, go ahead and email me or post them in the great question forum. We'll come back, we'll talk about more advanced examples of negative reinforcement in a moment.


Hello everyone, welcome to the Narc Survival YouTube channel. Before I begin please hit that thumbs up button down below to show your support. Thank you. Five ways Narcissus use food to control you. Narcissus use food to manage and control your body. They persuade and induce you to change your views and to choose a different course of action. To influence pressure and shame you into complying with their demands. But how do they do this? That's what we're going to be talking about in this video. Here are five ways Narcissus use food to control you. 1. They will act concerned. They disguise their demands as though you're just a matter of interest or importance to them as though they actually care about you and they want the best for you. So they may express their concerns for your health and then use this as an opportunity to give you dietary suggestions.  They may even dictate a specific time that you should be eating. Because they're discourteous, impolite and it will manage. And yet you may still find that you're always giving in to them because it's affecting your confidence. It's causing you to doubt your own decision making skills and it may eventually manifest as an eating disorder where you're overeating or eating an insufficient amount or you're no longer eating a balanced diet. 2. They will criticise your eating techniques. There's nothing wrong with having table manners but Narcissus are really not concerned about your dining etiquette. They're just looking for problems. They're always looking for ways to take a jab at you. So they may criticise how you hold your utensils or the speed at which you eat. They may say that you're eating too fast or too slow. They may say that you're eating too loud. They will always find something wrong with what you're doing. And it will leave you walking on eggshells at the dinner table or when you're out in public. It will cause you to become extremely cautious about your actions because they get angry and offended very easily. But it's not because they care or because they want you to improve your eating techniques. It has nothing to do with that. They just want to make you hyper aware to where you're much more alert to stimuli than normal and you're hyper sensitive to the details of your surroundings. Because then you're hyper responsive which means that you will show enhanced attention and salience to forthcoming sound or visual stimuli.  Because it makes them feel like they have control over you. As though they have the power to influence and direct your behaviour and the course of events rather than you exercising control over yourself.  There's nothing wrong with enjoying your food. Food is meant to be enjoyed. We can't live without it. It keeps us alive. So of course we're meant to enjoy it. But narcissists always contaminate things that are normal and healthy, such as making you feel guilty for eating a specific food that you enjoy. They will criticise and belittle you to make sure you know that they disapprove of your eating habits or choices. When in fact it really has nothing to do with that, they just can't stand to see you happy because their happiness isn't like that. And any time that they see you enjoying something it just reminds them of that fact. Which is why they have to destroy any favourable moment or opportunity that they can. Because they know it's never going to be like that for them. But sadly it causes you to develop feelings of shame. But you may eventually decide to do without it, although you would like it. You choose to give up your enjoyment to avoid having to deal with a narcissist's bitterness and wrath. Which is extremely upsetting and disturbing to talk about, let alone witnessing it. But this is the reality of it.  Because you lose all of your likes, interests and preferences. Your wants, needs and desires. Everything that made you you. And then you feel empty inside.  For they will criticise your weight. Narcissists want to dishearten the spirit and depress you. They want to cast down everything that you're trying to accomplish. They want to corrupt your morals and deprive you of spirit, courage and discipline. To make you feel less confident in yourself. And they will do this by constantly criticising your weight or your body. To target your self-esteem and make you feeling secure about your self-image. To where you begin to feel undue awareness of your appearance or your actions. You feel embarrassed and comfortable and easy, nervous and tense. Because they are constantly judging you and expressing their disapproving opinions. Which they use to manipulate you into seeking their approval. By making passive aggressive comments. Or by comparing you to other people. To target your vulnerabilities regarding your physical appearance or dietary choices. And when they see that it's making you more and more uncomfortable and insecure. They will keep doing it. Until meals at home or in restaurants become events that you're reluctant to do or experience. You may not even want to eat anything anymore. Maybe you'd rather just starve. Because you don't want to go through it again. The constant disapproval is harming you and causing you suffering. To where you feel like you're constantly at fault or making mistakes. So you become very anxious and stressed of anything to do with food. The narcissist is aware of this. And they're doing it deliberately and intentionally to maintain control over you. Because they're very uncomfortable and insecure with regards to your happiness and enjoyment. And your feelings of pride and satisfaction with your own self-image. Which is why they have to dominate your thoughts and emotions regarding food and your body weight or appearance. To keep you insecure so that they can control you. Because as long as they feel like they can control you. They don't have to reflect on their own shortcomings. It acts as a distraction. And a temporary escape from their own insecurities about themselves. 5. They may withhold food from you. They may physically prevent you from having access to food. And if you try to eat they may start fights with you. So they're essentially starving you. They're causing you to become very weak. Because it makes it easier for them to pressure and condition you. And to adopt in radically different beliefs. Which is their objective. And it's why they may also try to deprive you of sleep. Because they want to break you. They want to persuade or induce you to change your views and to choose a different course of action. So that they can be in control of you. It really has nothing to do with your eating habits, body weight or dietary choices. They really don't care about that. They don't value anything. They just want to turn you into the opposite of who you naturally are. They want you to lose the determination to oppose them and their indoctrination. So that you will accept the feats. And then it translates to them that they are overwhelmingly powerful. But they won't ever look at themselves. I think that they were the cause of it. Or that they were to blame. They see it as though if that's who you really were before they intervened. You would not have lost the will to oppose them. Or to give up and accept something that you initially opposed. You would not have yielded the spare temptation or injury. Which is completely insane. Because no human alive is completely unaffectable. We are all capable of being influenced, harmed or interrupted in some way. To where we may no longer operate in a natural or sincere way. And yet that's what they use as justification for the abuse. And it's what makes them very dangerous people to be around. Because with that way of thinking they can do whatever they like to you. And still find a way to justify it based on your reaction to it. Because they will always blame the effect rather than examining what the root cause of the behaviour was. Which means that no matter what they do to you. You're always going to be to blame. And they will start arguments just as you're about to eat. Because they understand the effects that this is having on your brain. They know that food is a basic human need. People cannot live without food. We would die without it. So when they start arguments when you're about to eat. It triggers the form response in the brain. Which is when as it responds to trauma. We unconsciously try to avoid or minimise the stress or danger. By pleasing or appeasing the threat. So if we learned that one thing is disapproved of. We might try something else. In an attempt to pacify the narcissist. By acceding to their demands. Or if the narcissist has used the double bind tactic.  Your body will naturally enter a dissociative state. Which means that as a protective measure.  You may experience a loss of connection between thoughts, memories and feelings that you once had before. And it may also involve problems with identity, perception, behaviour and sense of self. To where you may even develop multiple personalities. Because the narcissist has caused you to feel uncertain about who you are.  Such as hunger and pain. In exchange for what the narcissist has deemed to be necessary or appropriate for you.  It cuts deeps and it leaves scars. It is one of the most horrific and damaging experiences a person can go through. Thank you for watching. If you found this video helpful please give it a thumbs up. Share your thoughts in the comment section. Hit the subscribe button to receive the notifications. If you would like to support the channel you can donate at paypal.me-narcisfiver.com. You can book a one-on-one with me on my website it's Narcisfiver.com to put it UK. Thank you for watching and I'll talk to you soon.


Hi, this is Linda Witte, Director of Technology Services at Tech Impact. Today we'd like to show you a little bit about DELV. DELV is a Microsoft application that comes with Office 365 online. The reason that we're showing it to you today is because there are many Office 365 users who are not aware that DELV comes with their subscription. So we'd like to show it to you. Microsoft DELV is an application that you can find in your tile. So if we go to the Office 365 tile, we can look right at the DELV tile. And when we click on that, it brings us to our home screen. And our DELV home screen shows us things that are popular documents and other features. So here's my home page in DELV. And you can see that the popular documents that show up here are from my coworkers. So Omar has modified a document showing IP addresses. Lauren Cannon emailed an attachment. So that attachment came as an email into my Outlook inbox. And here it shows up right here. So I don't have to search my inbox and go try to find that attachment. It actually shows up in my popular documents. We can see that Becca Johnson modified a document for a grant overview that she's working on. And some of these documents are attachments to my Outlook email. Some of these documents are saved in my OneDrive for Business. And yet others that are modified or written by my coworkers are stored in our SharePoint online document libraries. What I like about DELV is that DELV gives me quick and easy access to documents that were modified or created by my coworkers without having to go search for them wherever they've stored them in SharePoint or they've emailed them as an attachment to me. They'll all show up right here. So let's take a look at DELV and show you a little bit more. So we're looking at my home screen. I have my home screen set up so that it shows me popular documents. So for instance, my coworker Elizabeth Levy stops me here in the office and says, hey Linda, by the way, I just updated that client info document. What I can do is I get back to my office. All I have to do is click on Liz's name here. And what it brings up is Liz's DELV page. I can see her picture. She chooses to put a picture up here of herself. I can Skype chat her right away. But I can also say, oh she told me about that client info document. Well look, here it is right here. I can actually click on that and open it right up and take a look at the updates that she made. So this is available to me because I have access to the same file, the same document library in SharePoint that she saved this. So you can see that it's in a document library. It says MS in Infrastructure and that's where she saved this document. So let's take a look at some other things that we can do with documents in DELV. For instance, if you look at that same document, you'll notice that it says MS in Infrastructure. Again, that's where it's saved on SharePoint online, but it's also in this. And this little thing here says client info board. That's a board that I created. And if we look here and click on the client info board, it will take me to other things that I've put into my client info board. We're going to look on the left-hand side of the screen here and you'll see that I have actually created two boards. One called client info, another called Office 365 Roadshow. And what I do is when I find documents that suit that grouping, I can go ahead and say that this goes into one or the other. So let's take a look at how we do that. So I'll click on Mark Mason's name and I'll look at a document. So here's a document that I might want to pin to the client info board. It's called lower cost and improved productivity. So again, what I can do here is click on that and then just add to board. So what board do I want to add to client info? I want to add the client info board and then now it's on the client info board. Again, we'll go back over here on the left, click on client info and there it is. That's our latest document that's added to the client info board. This is a great way to get around having to search for documents again. Outlook, OneDrive, where did I put it last? Who cares? If you pin it to a board, all you need to do is go to your Delve and click on your board and there are all the documents that you have associated. Another aspect of Delve online is that I can create a profile. This is my Delve board. So I just click on the knee icon on the left hand side and you'll see that I've got my own space here and I can do things in my space like create an online presence or online profile. This is great for organizations that have users that either a lot of users in the organization or users that are dispersed all over the office or all over the country like we are, gives a sense of I can look up somebody that I work with, a co-worker and say, oh, look at that. I didn't know, oh, there's her cell phone number. There's my cell phone number. Oh, here are some of the projects that I'm known for around the office, Microsoft Office 365 managed services. The colleges that I went to, my skills, public speaking, my interests. I also see my organization chart so we can see that I report to the Executive Director and Liz Levy reports directly to me. I can also create blog posts if I want to. I haven't gotten that far yet but we can go ahead and do that. All of the people in my office and my co-workers are available to me so I'm looking here on the right hand side of my screen. I'm going to click select all. So any of these people if I wanted to know more about my co-workers I could go ahead and just click on one of them so I click on Ebony and I can see what Ebony has been working on lately. I can see Ebony's profile as she chooses to create one. So it's a great way for us to get more in line and in tune with our co-workers around the office. So that's one more aspect of Delve that we really like.


Hey guys, Josh at the Surf Station and today we're going to be taking a look at the new Channel Islands model, the HAPPY. It's a Channel Islands newest high-form shortcourt that a lot of their team riders have been surfing recently. It has low entry rocker and a decent amount of forward volume which makes it an easy paddler. It has thinned medium rails which provide forgiving control in critical sections. It has a thinned up tail which makes the sport super responsive. The concave is single over the front foot which generates speed and creates lift. That moves to a double concave over the fins that controls that speed and it's flat through the tail which offers the most release especially with a super narrow tail lock like it has. Now moving on to the HAPPY patch. The HAPPY patch is an S-ball patch on both sides of the tail which creates flex in the tail which leads to tighter turns. It also strengthens the tail. The HAPPY is meant to be ridden around your height in your typical high-performance shortcourt dimensions.  If you have any other questions, feel free to give us a call at<PHONE_NUMBER> or email us at support at surf-station.com


One of the features of the OTSI conference platform is that it uses email quite a bit in terms of pushing out notifications about activities and discussions when sessions are following people mentioning or Contacting you with a friend request all this email can be a bit daunting. So Particularly when you're going to conference as well, you don't want to completely fill your inbox You have full control over how much email you get so each of the emails you receive from the OTSI conference site There should be an unsubscribe button from that. You can also control the settings from your profile. So I'm in my profile right now Logged in so if I go on to the settings tab I Can click on Email and this is where I can control the different emails that get sent to me So the mentionings these all can be turned on and off and also emails generated from the sessions that you're following as well Also, we have the daily newsletter Subscription so again, this is something that you can change Switch on and off as you need to if you don't want it on for a couple of days you can switch it off and that's it so Hopefully you find that helpful


From Hollywood, it's time now for Johnny Daller Ah, how weary, stale, flat and unprofitable seem to me all the uses of this world Ah, who's that? Garrett Reynolds, Johnny Reynolds? And Trenton? That's right, New Jersey State Mutual Life Well, what was the quote from Shakespeare about? Hamlet, wasn't it? The last old whose lightest word would harrow up thy soul Freeze thy young blood, make thy two eyes like stars Hey, hey, now wait a minute, will you?  Why don't you come on down here and see? Yeah, I think I'd better In the exciting adventures of the man with the action-packed expense account America's fabulous freelance insurance investigator Yours truly, Johnny Daller Expense account submitted by a special investigator, Johnny Daller To the New Jersey State Mutual Life Insurance Company, Trenton, New Jersey office Following is an account of expenses incurred during my investigation of the heatherstone players matter Expense account item one, $9.80 Trained fare, lunch and incidentals on the trip from Hartford to Trenton, New Jersey Item two, 70 cents, taxi to Garrett Reynolds' office Oh, glad you wasted no time, Johnny, sit down, I'll get right to the point Big rush, huh? If I read the signs right, yes Okay Whom are you expecting to get bumped off this time? Do they hear of the heatherstone players? Sounds like a summer theater or a traveling stock company It's Cyril Peter St. George Heatherstone Cyril? And he's just as bad as he sounds An old Shakespearean actor, a real ham Oh, friends, Romans No, no, no, don't, don't, don't, don't, don't do it It'll be bad enough when he gets here, any minute now What do you mean? Every other sentence, a quote from the immortal bar The time you've listened to him for five minutes, you never want to hear of Shakespeare again Sounds like he might be fun Fun? He's poison And if he gets knocked off, it'll cost the company $10,000 All right, come on, tell me all He keeps traveling around, conducting classes in Shakespeare And putting on occasional performances with the local talent After he gets all the dough from them, that is Whenever he pulls out of a town, he leaves behind a lot of unpaid bills No wonder he keeps traveling around It's no joke He also leaves behind a lot of enemies and a lot of broken hearts He thinks he's Romeo himself or Casanova Anyhow, he's back here in Trenton He's putting on a Shakespearean festival of a radio station WVGR Oh, well, hey now, maybe I could join the cast But soft, what life through yonder window breaks It is the east and Julia is the south Will you cut it out? This is serious So am I But go on, go on There is not one if his cast or crew there at the radio station doesn't hate every bone in his body Except maybe young Joni Carter And who is she? Oh, she's the girl he picked to play Juliet and Ophelia She's promised her a shining career on the stage and stardom and pictures and that sort of thing Well, maybe she's good Oh, don't kid yourself This part of his act is charmer away from Charlie Cumberley And who is he? He's also in the cast He's getting nothing but bit parts Well, I still see no cause for a while Oh, you will, Joni If you ever attend one of those rehearsals Well, look, if they all hate him so, why don't they just walk on out?  Joni one way or another He has taken everybody he's ever come into contact with Even you? Even me Number of times I've had to go through the operation of changing the beneficiary and his power What is the beneficiary? As of the moment, Joan Carter The actress you mentioned The girl I mentioned The use of the policy is a command To charm the poor, unsuspecting young No, what has he said of us? What has he done that it, in golden letters Should be set among the high ties of the calendar What, the same? King John, my boy, act three, scene one May I, for your plebeian ear, I should have asked this cherished fellow next to you Why, boy, he sent for me this hour Heather Stone This is Joni Doller Oh And here's my hand And mine, sir With my heart in Uncle Good man, that's from the tempest Thank you Oh, well, not to give you a stretch Look, Heather Stone I've asked all of you to act as your bodyguard Until this play of yours is over Play? And you can get out of town Play festival, dear sir In which the immortal Shakespeare's works Beneath my practised hand shall so enchant Wait a minute, Heather Stone Garrett, I'm not gonna serve as any I said bodyguard I've received three anonymous notes Telling me in no uncertain terms That life isn't worth a plug nickel around that studio Threats? Just warnings What matter? To quote the bard I bear a charmed life Have you given those notes to the police? Yeah, but I haven't heard back from them That's why I sent for you in such a hurry How fitting that my end should come there On stage, so to speak Blow wind, come rack At least I'll die with harness on me back Which is the same old friend that I'll die with me boot Yeah, I got that Has anybody threatened you in person, Heather Stone? Yeah And what about that girl, Joan, and the way Charlie covered it? Ah, her view, he makes the vault A feasting present full of life Oh, listen, will you?  They're so ambitious, all of them But so inadequate, so futile Do they attempt to gain the highest talent of this art With which I am so rich and down All right, all right, look, please Apparently Garrett feels that your life has been dangerous I'm sure of it And as long as I've come all the way down here I'll take his word for it That every one of your associates There's a serious personal reason For wanting to see you out of the way What private griefs they have allowed I know now Listen, will you On this side you'll allow Heather Stone, don't you care That somebody's out to get you My cast, my crew, you say Yes Pardon me Hmm, stands not within the prospect of belief Look The fact remains And yes, if we're true Then I must bear a countenance More in sorrow than in anger In gratitude toward me Who've given them so much Believe me, it is true That's why I insist you have somebody To look out for you Until you can get out of town These words are razors to me While I'm down That's why I spent for dollar This man, huh? Yes Let me have men about me Who are fat, weak-headed men And such a sleeper night, yarn dollar Has a lean and hungry look He thinks too much Such men are dangerous Will you shut up And yes, suppose I am to die Believe me, if it weren't for the 10,000 That it cost the company I sometimes think I'd like to take care of that little matter Myself And you would be found out That's what you think Then, dollar, look upon his face I quote So full of heartless jealousy and guilt It spills itself in fear in the distance All right The fact remains That in spite of what Garrett says You're determined to go ahead with this play This festival of yours I am In spite of the threats on your life Why not? All that lives must die Nothing through nature to return Okay, okay When's your next rehearsal? Oh, this afternoon But sir Station WVGR, right? I correct But sir And I'm going to be there To interfere with me at work? No, no, no, no To hide in a corner And see if all this fuss over you Is justified To see if the atmosphere down there Is as thick as Garrett says it is To either take on this case or not Depending on whether I think your life's Really endangering Oh, Johnny, his life has been in danger for years Of course You admitted Why? That I do So therefore harm If harm they could have done Would long ago have cost me in its grasp Yeah, well maybe you've just been lucky In the past, I quote Treason has done his worth Nor steel nor poison Malice, domestic, foreign levy Nothing Nothing can touch me further Oh, Lord And with that thought I bid thee now adieu Yeah, well, goodbye And yet perhaps We'll talk this out I quote To fear the world Of yours the world Good day, gentlemen You want a drink? Garrett, that is the craziest clown I've ever met But I still don't really see What you're worried about That's because all you've seen is The amusing side of them But I tell you, Johnny Look, did you mean that About going over to the studio? Yeah, sure And frankly, more to see How a radio show is put together Than anything else Then I'll arrange you to sit in the control room With the engineer, the fellow who keeps the voices And sound effects and music And things in balance Great, I'll have a ball Yeah? Well, you'll see why I sent for you Why I'm so sure somebody's Gonna murder Heather Stone If I didn't know you so well, Garrett I think you were planning to do it yourself And call me in as a cover-up You know something, Johnny Well, I'll call the studio Make arrangements for you I couldn't help feeling that Garrett's own resentment of Cyril Heatherstone was for a lot more Than the mere fact he'd have to revise His policy a few more times But if so, he wouldn't admit it to me Item 3 is our 25 tax data The studio's a WVGR There, I was escorted backstage So to speak to the control room It was a small room facing into the main studio Through a large soundproof plate glass window And it was loaded with complicated equipment Before the control panel With its knobs and keys and dials That Gordon Mitchell, the engineer A nice-looking chap in his 30s Through the window, we could see Heatherstone And the cats gathered around the table Working on the script Sit here right beside me, Dollar And you can see and hear everything that goes on in there Oh, well, sure, thanks, Gordon Yeah Is that microphone sitting in the middle Of the studio there, the one they use When they're on the air? Yeah, that's one of them There's one over there Beside all that equipment for the sound effects man Oh, yes, I see And then there's another one in that booth Over against the wall And what's that for? Two isolated for special voice effects Like a voice coming over a telephone Things like that A filler mic Oh, I see And then the one hanging over the table Where they're reading will be for the orchestra When it comes in later Say, you have a lot of stuff to balance When you're doing a show, haven't you? More knobs and dials and stuff You see here, this knob controls the mic Over their table out there What do the lines stretch out to the crack of doom? Well, I... Charlie Covelly plays one of the small... Well, boss Oh Well, well, in it Well, you said to get everything we could out of the line That I did So I added a couple of words to make a speech You added your shape Yeah, well, I thought that There we go, darling Boom Listen to his own words The views will find a gold The paints will lily The thrower perfumes on the violets He's wasteful and ridiculous excess Remember that I'm stopping religious You heard enough, darling Yeah I'll cut it off A gentleman's son Brother, he really tears into them, doesn't he? Believe me, that was nothing Darling, he's the most hated man in this town So I've heard So I've heard Pretty fast dealer, too You're not kidding He's your Nick me How do you mean? All my saving You know, invest in this Shakespearean festival You'll get a sponsor We'll all make a million Well, if it wasn't for the beneficial finance company I'd be on my uppers That way, huh?  The one who's talking now? Yeah Well, listen, I'll open their mic again That's my boy There's... There's Rosemary, that's for remembering Pray you love, remember What? And there's Panties, that's for thought There's settled for you and here's some for me We may call it her bracelet, I mean What? You'll make the role of a failure live Oh boy If you don't get point, I'm going to...  Remember this common proof That learned us in young ambition's ladder Sorry, darling, I can't take it Gordon, that guy is the most egotistical character I've ever seen He isn't going to live long Who are you thinking of? Any of that group out there And the sound crew and the musicians There isn't one of them hasn't gotten murder in his eye I told the insurance What were you going to say? Well, I... I sent a couple of notes to Cyril's insurance man He's an old friend of mine I didn't sign him because I didn't want to get involved But I told him what I'm telling you Somebody's going to kill that guy out there Unless you were... Let's go! Wait a second Let's go! You're not cute What's this and got to be in there When there's what to be done? Oh, sorry, Cyril For Mr. Hedlestone You're in responsible role Let Parkback go out The person's too quiet and out's too loud You're shouting at me A lot I will not have Okay, sorry Believe me, you will be sorry At this time he's done Believe me, I am sorry I never got mixed up Now, I will rehearse my lines With Hedlestone's father's ghost You may learn how Shakespeare should be reined The filter mic and automator Yes, sir Right in the isolation booth Very well The harkens, all of you To the great lines from the lips And the hark of a great aster Notice the pear-shaped toes They didn't like some self, though Look at those kids Look at their eyes See what I meant a minute ago There's murder in them Whose dad came in the door In the back door of the isolation booth That's one of the sound effects, man He takes care of it Hi, boys and girls How's the old violence? Is this microphone on And working properly on the metro? Yeah, it's on But work a little closer to it, William With a bit less voice You tell me how to use a microphone I'm quiet, all of you What's he waiting for? The mood, darling The mood? Come on, you old girl I am my father's spirit Doomed for a certain term To walk the night And for a day Confined to fast in piles Till the foul crime done Don't tell me he's forgotten this line Hence horrible shadow That's not the script My drugs are quick What is this? My dismal scene I need Must act alone Past hope, past cure Past help Wait a minute What's happening? I don't know, darling Who of yours truly Johnny Dollar in a moment Who among us has not hoped For a better life Who has not had a desire To help stamp out disease And suffering among More unfortunate people Throughout the world Many have wanted to help And many have done so That sort of work is going on everywhere Everywhere there is hope For freedom and a better life Outstanding in this field of activity Is Project Hope Which operates from a converted U.S. Navy hospital ship Called appropriately enough The Hope The Good Ship Hope carries out Its mission of mercy In far eastern waters Wherever doctors, nurses, dentists Sanitation and public health Experts are needed The Hope steams full speed ahead And gives what help it can In addition to giving medical aid The staff of the Hope Works with local doctors To acquaint them with the newest Of medicines and medical procedures At the same time, the staff of the Hope Learns a great deal about the symptoms And the cures of diseases With which they have had No previous contact When the Hope was in the United States Navy It was called the consolation And it is certain that the people Who now operate her Will give both consolation And Hope to those who are suffering Consolation, Hope And a new life For wherever the hospital ship Hope Is anchored, its staff Is to make emergency trips To scenes of disasters and epidemics Their services include A wide variety of skills From removing a tumor From a child's neck to Putting a bandage on an old woman's Cut finger But most importantly With the Hope Comes friendship and understanding Good medicine For healthy freedom Which is the right of all men Everywhere And now act two of yours truly Johnny Dollar and the Heather Stone Players Matter Daryl Peter St. George Heather Stone was dead The old Shakespearean actor had died Mothering the words of the immortal bar They're at radio station WBGR In Trenton, New Jersey When he fell on the isolation booth at one side I immediately rushed into the main studio And checked that that man's body is closed I searched every nook and cranny of the isolation booth And came up with nothing He's dead Daryl is dead Daryl is dead Well I'm glad he's dead He's had it coming for a long long time But he was going to make me an actress Oh don't kid yourself Johnny he was taking you like he took the rest of it And me I'm glad to see him lying there Who are you? Huh? Don Ringo sound effects man I just came in and timed it Hey wait a minute, who are you? Johnny Dollar Insurance Investigator That's right, Gordon Yeah darling, that phone in the control room Can you call outside on it? Sure Then call headquarters, get somebody from homicide over here Right you are I want you to stay right here by this isolation booth Make sure that nobody Say who by the way opened the door of this booth? What? I did Mr. Dollar Did you touch his body? No, oh no I hope not because What's the matter Mr. Dollar? Plenty What is it Mr. Dollar? Well at least I know what killed him Yeah? What? Don you stay here Okay, the rest of you back to the rehearsal table I want to talk to you About the paint I wasn't quite sure for a second But there was no doubt about that order That came from the isolation booth Like peach blossoms, only more delicate And more deadly It was the odor of potassium pears And I'm glad the trace of it was faint Because one good whip at full strength Would kill almost instantly, had killed I'd left Don Ringo there at the booth To watch him, see if he made any move Toward Heatherstone's body For Don had been the last one near him Before he died Officially there's nothing I can do Until the police get here You said you know what killed him Mr. Dollar Potassium pears and Charlie Ever hear of it? No, of course not One tiny crystal that swallowed kills instantly Or a single flip of it when it's heated Vaporized, same thing You think maybe he committed suicide Mr. Dollar? What do you think Don? What do you mean? Doesn't sound like Heatherstone to me Killed himself From someone in this room And Don, you were the last one near him I'll wait a minute Charlie, yes sir? And you think of anybody here who might have had a better motive For killing Heatherstone than you? No, no I can't Charlie, I wanted to see that phony Egotistical shifter dead More than anything else in the world But I wouldn't have killed him Well I would Charlie Gladly and I make no bones about it The police will be here any minute Don Good, how about your feelings Sure, I'm glad he's been knocked off But don't accuse me of having done I'm not accusing anybody yet But this is kind of funny The only one who admits he would have killed Heatherstone Is Gordon here But he was in the control room with me Not only when it happened, but long before it happened And potassium pyrton doesn't wait The rest of you though were right here Next to Heatherstone Any one of you could have slipped the stuff to him Before he walked into that isolation booth Yeah, but how would we have made him take it? Ah, that's a good question Did you find any of that potassium Whatever it is in the booth? No, but I got a good whiff of it You said it had to be vaporized For the pyrton gas to do its work, yes Dollar, could a capsule of it have been tossed into the booth Or maybe left in there for him to step on Then where's the capsule? Gordon, I went over that booth with a fine tooth comb John Yes, Mr. Dollar Are you the only one who touched him Before I came in from the control room? But you were the only one who went into the booth, weren't you? Yes The only one who could have removed any evidence of the means used To get that vaporized pyrton in there Mr. Dollar, if you're saying that Joni had anything to do with What's the matter with you Didn't you know that she was in She was in love with it All right, Charlie, all right, take it I thought I loved him, Charles Honey I guess it took this to Bring me to my senses Joni, oh, Joni All right, look We've got a murder on our hands And unless the police are able to come up with more than I have Well Nothing works The doctor who came along with Lieutenant Harper Agreed with my conclusion That Heather Stone had died from a hefty whip To pay it in gas But neither of them could find any possible source Of the gas Even after thorough inspection of the isolation booth The studio and every one of us in it Nothing did it Finally after some four hours of futile questioning Well, it was murder all right, Donner No question about it Any suspects, Lieutenant Any suspects, all of them Every one of them, except maybe the guy Who was in the control room with you Lieutenant, that should make him number one in the list You've been reading too many mystery stories Oh, look, Lieutenant How much longer are we going to have to stay around here You anxious to get away? What's your name, Ringo? Well, I mean it after all, you know Inspector, would there be any harm in putting My equipment away? Uh, what equipment? Oh, mics and mic cables, patch connections On the board in the control room, so on Uh, you see any reason, Donner? No, go ahead, Lieutenant Thanks, a little tired of just standing around What about us, Lieutenant? Is it doing any good to keep us here? Look, somebody in this place killed Heather Stone Yeah, but you're not getting anywhere Finding out who it was Are we all under suspicion?  You'd rather be locked up Excuse me again, Donner No, this cable Oh, sure Hey, now, wait a minute That's the cable for the mic and that booth? Yeah, that's right Excuse me Yeah, you can go ahead and take it away Go ahead Oh, I didn't know Maybe I know, Gordon This cable to the booth mic It's thicker than the other Oh, yeah Probably an old one Or maybe it's bigger because it has a couple of extra leads in it, extra wires Yeah, the old ones did Come on, Lieutenant You too, Gordon, got a screwdriver? Sure There you are Fliers, too, if you want them I don't understand why now There's mic in the booth Oh, careful, Mr. Donner That's pretty delicate Take the faceplate off this mic Sure, but why?  Maybe I'm just guessing, but I think so Go ahead, Gordon Yes, sir I still don't Yeah, I think you are Well, there's the insides of it Yeah, and that's all There's a look There's tiny ball of fuse metal Yeah All that's left of a heating element that was melted away inside this mic Thanks to the extra wires in that cable Oh, it's probably just a little piece of stuff Look at the color, a livid red Typical of the action of potassium peyotin on fuse metal On the heating element that was placed in the mic and destroyed by a surge of current for it Hey, that color, that's right, you're right Well, I'm The one man who didn't hesitate to say how he felt about Heverstone who said he would kill him who warned us and the one man with an alibi because I was there in the control room with him I suppose you disconnected the power leads to that cable when you went into the control room to call the police, didn't you, Gordon? Yeah, Mr. Dollar, you guessed right again But it was a good try, wasn't it? No flight of angels will sing him to his rest So, that was it and the company will have to pay the claim Expensive account total including incidentals and fare back to Hartford, $51.25 Yours truly, Johnny Dollar Now, here is our star to tell you about next week's story Next week, the Yours Truly Matter and I give you one guess about the name of the victim Join us, won't you? Yours truly, Johnny Dollar Johnny Dollar starring Bob Bailey originates in Hollywood It is produced and directed by Jack Johnstone, who also wrote tonight's story Her and our cast were Virginia Gregg Lawrence Dobkins Dick Crenna, Sam Edward Michael Herb Bygren and Hans Connery Be sure to join us next week Same time and station for another exciting story of Yours truly, Johnny Dollar


I'm Rick and you can follow some juicy content Thanks, I'm patreon so to get rid of the bubble in the squad It's so juicy. Uh, what are we doing Rick? Oh, we're doing a devotional song. Awesome. Yes um This is uh to read this Singing Forgive me if I mispronounced that don't murder him No, don't Please murder him That's what i'm saying. Don't don't murder him murder him Is what i'm saying. That's what a group of crows are. Yeah, a nice murder. And that's a that's a nice. That's a nice I love when I see a nice murder Here we go I don't know if this is that little What we would call a choir of young ladies Uh, and it was absolutely gorgeous. I do want to know when Lakshmi Is that the same or is it different than what we see like the actually a film called Lakshmi bomb? I don't know I don't know it sounds similar. I think the one that had actually had an x in it though And this didn't have an x in it. Also another thing Are you taught this? Yeah, they all do that but the back was going Yeah, they were going they were doing up down front wasn't doing that the front was just going Oh, I didn't notice that the front was going like this the back was going Yeah, but I've noticed that and the particular like the posture there. They all have that I'm sure that's all part of the the training. Yeah, I wonder why the front was maybe it was just personal preference I don't know But in all sincerity for something that had a redundancy because each phrase they went through each time and then they take a break And they start melodically You it was the same thing. Yeah, but it didn't grow old for me No, I was I was the more the more they were doing it. You know what it was like in a weird way I'd never tire. I know a lot of people get irritated by but I'd never tire hearing it's a small world What I'm in small? Yeah, they just keep singing that over and over again And I just keep the small world after all It's a world of after a world of I just It doesn't get old for me that had the same kind of thing for you It's like you guys could sing that for another 20 minutes And I'm probably gonna like it and I would have loved to have subs. Well, sadly, we didn't we can't always have subs Yeah, it's not Not anybody's fault But it's it was a beautiful song and I'm sure it's like a it says it's a devotional song So I'm sure it has a deep probably religious Meaning behind it. And it has almost 11 million views. Good Which is that's great in the city's bright Shining happy beautiful little girl faces. They just they were delightful. Yeah, that was that was wonderful. Yeah Beautiful beautiful beautiful Well done young ladies. Let us know what other songs we should react to whether they're devout We've got some beautiful devotional songs. We've had to yeah my favorite being the Dun There's one I wanted him to tap to yeah, I really yeah, maybe Just don't get mad at us Because it's all done out of love. Yeah Because we didn't end up because I wanted rick to do a tap dance video Because when people found out you tap danced and I thought we love that song and it's a perfect Oh, and I was listening to it. It was perfect. It's a perfect for tap just like a little two minute part of it But then I asked and they said some people might be offended I don't uh because that's a sacred cuts. It's like a Devotional yeah, I don't know it might be like seeing somebody tap dance to amazing grace And you'd be like, I think that'd be cool. I personally would think it's cool I don't know but If you like it, let us know it hasn't been buried It could possibly happen if you guys I feel like most of you know where we're coming from and we're meeting it out of love I don't know but also there's dumb people that That don't like us but they're gonna be bad regardless So let us know and let us know what the devotional songs are to react to down below You


We need to talk about Silvergate. Silvergate was a cryptofocus bank with $13 billion of assets under management just last year. And now it has collapsed. What happened? What does this mean for crypto? And what does this guy have to do with it? We're going to cover all this in this video. Before we start, don't forget to hit the like button and subscribe to our channel. I'm Giovanni Rost and this is a Cointelegraph Report. On March 9, 2023, Silvergate's parent company announced it was shutting down operations and liquidating the bank. The announcement didn't come as a surprise. A few days earlier, Silvergate released a statement that raised concerns about its financial health. As a result, the company's shares crashed by more than 50% in hours. Its main clients, including Coinbase, Galaxy Digital, Crypto.com and Paxus, suspended all operations with the bank. We've all seen similar meltdowns in crypto before, but never with a fully regulated US bank. The consequences of this are for now unknown. But why should you care, you may be asking? Silvergate was among the very few crypto-friendly banks in the United States. It was a bridge connecting the crypto industry with the dollar system. Purchasing crypto with dollars would be pretty difficult without the on- and off-ramp services banks provide. So what exactly happened to Silvergate? To understand that, we must take a step back and look at Silvergate's background. Silvergate was founded in 1988 in Lajolla, California. It was one of the first regulated financial institutions to provide banking services to crypto companies as soon as 2013. But how exactly does a crypto bank work?  Also, stablecoin issuers need a bank to store their fiat reserves so that they can keep backing their stablecoin at a one-to-one ratio. There are very few banks offering these types of services in the United States. That is why Silvergate attracted a lot of deposits over the last few years. At the end of September 2022, Silvergate had about 13 billion in deposits, almost all of which were from crypto companies. Among its clients were major crypto exchanges, including the now infamous FTX. You can probably see where this is going. When FTX collapsed in November 2022, it was a major blow for Silvergate. Panicked investors rushed to withdraw their funds from FTX and other exchanges. In turn, exchanges had to withdraw cash deposits from Silvergate to meet customers' requests. Basically, a good old-fashioned bank run. Now, as it usually happens with bank runs, Silvergate did not have enough cash available to meet all these sudden withdrawal requests. So the bank had to sell about $6 billion worth of its equity portfolio at a loss. As a result, Silvergate lost about $1 billion in the last quarter of 2022. By the end of December, the bank's non-interest-bearing deposits were down to $3.9 billion. Since then, things have gone downhill pretty quickly. Silvergate had to sell more of its security portfolio in January and February, suffering additional losses. First in the situation, the bank was also facing a probe by the U.S. Department of Justice for ties to FTX and Sambagman III. Earlier this month, the bank suspended its flagship product, the Silvergate Exchange Network, which allowed its clients to make fiat transfers 24-7.  So what now? Well, the collapse of Silvergate marks the very first time a traditional bank goes under following a crypto market crash. That sets a poor precedent, especially considering the current regulatory climate in the U.S. Earlier this year, U.S. banking regulators issued a warning to banks dissuading them from serving crypto customers. This event is likely to reinforce the regulator's argument that crypto threatens the stability of the traditional financial system. That assessment is questionable, to say the least. Silvergate's collapse was mainly the result of poor risk management and not an inherent crypto problem. As Custodia Bank founder Caitlyn Long pointed out, if Silvergate held all of its reserves in cash, it would have survived the bank run, avoiding the losses that eventually brought it down. In any case, the Silvergate collapse is likely to put even more pressure on other U.S. banks to stay away from crypto. That process has already started. Signature Bank, Silvergate's only competitor in the U.S., announced it was reducing its exposure to crypto. In a worst case scenario, crypto exchanges may lose access to banking services in the U.S. That would make it far more difficult to buy and sell crypto with dollars. But no need to panic, such immediate and widespread legislation is unlikely. And even in this worst case scenario, crypto users will still be able to buy and trade crypto by using peer-to-peer services. As Bitcoin proponent Samson Mao pointed out in a recent tweet, China has a vibrant crypto trading ecosystem, despite the fact that the country is de facto banned crypto exchanges in 2021. After all, crypto is a global and decentralized industry. It has resisted multiple crises and will likely survive Silvergate too. That's it for this week's video. Thanks for watching and if you enjoyed the content, don't forget to like and subscribe. Also, let us know in the comments what you think will be the impact of the Silvergate crisis. I'm Giovanni, your host. See you next time.


I spotlight a new channel today, was it yours? After we talk about the new Facebook video that will soon be monetized where Facebook will share revenue with you just like YouTube does. Currently you don't get any money on Facebook but that will change. And yesterday's video we talked all about Facebook video. Didn't see it? Click that I to learn all about how Facebook video looks and how to upload to your channel. Today I wanted to ask you, we already have a daily motion uploader where you can take all your YouTube videos from your channel to daily motion, your new channel with just a few clicks. So there's no manual re-uploading process. Didn't know we have that? Well just head on over to dashboard.tm to see it. Do you think we should do the same for Facebook? Should we create a synchronization tool that'll take all your YouTube videos and upload them to your Facebook page with just a few clicks? Tell me in the comments below. For those of you who are already uploading to Facebook, good on you! How many of you are using a tool to upload? Or are you manually re-uploading the same video? I personally am re-uploading the same video. I'm not using a tool. But I'm curious, you Freedom Family, have you found a tool or should we build one? Also, did you know that not only Facebook, but Twitch will soon offer video on demand where you can upload videos to Twitch just like you can to YouTube? And we have a deal with Tokaboka which will allow you to upload kids content to a mobile platform to earn new revenue. And we have a few more platforms just waiting to get announced. This is all in our effort to help you grow faster by giving you more revenue streams. So the same content you produce can make you more money when it's spread across multiple platforms. Are there any other platforms you want us to support so that you can get revenue from the videos you make? Tell us down there in the comments below. You know the drill. Today we are spotlighting a new channel and we're going to talk about it right now. I saw a comment in yesterday's video by East Out who said, why hello there? I thought I would post this comment since you said you were doing a content channel spotlight. Yes we are. In every single episode of The George Show now, that's our new format. So he created a very unique kind of video. East Out made a short film. Let me show you. I'm just going to skip ahead to show some of the more exciting parts to motivate you to want to watch this yourself. It has a very surprising ending. I encourage you to watch it. Click that eye up there to see the full video. And I would like to look at your channel to give you a channel review. Currently you have 180 subscribers. Let's take a look at your channel trailer. It's a little late for a video isn't it? It's so good though. The coffee, oh it's to die for. Well maybe not die but it's good. It's good. Not coffee but it's coffee. It's a drink. It is 9.30 at night. I don't know if I didn't know if I mentioned that. Why hello once again you, the person watching this video.  Well actually, so the first instant feedback is 30 seconds have gone by. You have not caught my attention at all because you haven't said anything about your channel. I see that you're leading up to something perhaps funny or something amazing but if you haven't done anything to catch my interest after 10 seconds I'm probably not going to watch the rest of your trailer so I won't see that cool stuff that's probably coming. My suggestion is redo the trailer so it really shows the best moments of your channel what it is about in the first 10 seconds and then go into perhaps a little more of the dramatic presentation like you've done here. Let's look at the rest of your channel. Do you use playlists to organize your content? Well you only have three playlists, uploads, popular videos and created playlists so the answer is no. I suggest create a playlist for every category of content on your homepage so new users, new visitors can find what they're looking for very quickly. Like for example, why don't you have a Fallout 3 playlist on your homepage? I can see that you're creating a Fallout 3 series and I think that would be great to advertise on the front page. You also have a Halo 5 series, Call of Duty. These can all be separate playlists and looking at your thumbnails you have the exact same image of you pointing which is good. It's a great image but I would encourage you to change it up. Don't have the exact same pose in every single thumbnail. It gets boring seeing you in that one pose in every single thumbnail, don't you think? But it is a great thumbnail, very clear. I can see exactly what each video is about just by looking at the graphic and let's watch one of your latest videos from Fallout 3. All right, hello once again. Here we are continuing some more Fallout 3. Last episode I was, I think I finished putting everything away in this place. I just got back from playing some. So first question, why don't you use YouTube cards to link to the last episode? You just mentioned the last episode but it would be really cool if I could see it right here so I could click it in case I missed it so I don't have to go to your channel look for the previous episode it's shown right in the YouTube card. Freakin' Wolfenstein, that game is so hard. Wolfenstein the Old Blood? Oh man, but it's good. It's a good game but it's difficult and I, you know, I... Very clear commentary, very high quality audio but I can't hear the game. I would like to hear the gameplay in the background either the game music or some of the sound effects because right now it just feels like a silent movie. So that's another one of my suggestions is to let the gameplay audio come into the video but not to compete with your voice but just to have it there so we can hear it. I hope this helps and tell me in the comments below what you think of this channel. It is east out and the link will be right there that I will take you to the channel. Next comment is by Steven Van. Steven Van said, I remember getting a shout out from the Freedom Channel spotlight a couple months into my channel. It helped jumpstart my channel and I was wondering if I could get a channel spotlight to show the rest of the Freedom family how far hard work can take you. Alright Steven Van, let's have a look. You have 17,000 subscribers. Holy cow! How many subscribers did you have when you first got featured on the Freedom Channel spotlight? Tell us in the comments below. Hello guys, Steven here back with another video and today I'm going to be showing you guys my five favorite non-cooperated songs to use in my videos. I use this in my tutorials as well as my vlogs on Van Films. So in case you guys were wondering what background music I use here are a couple of them and before I get started with the video I'm sorry for the lack of uploads. Okay so I can see you are using cards which is great and you are also doing a poll. Have you liked this video yet? Yes. Donald Trump? No. Going to the right now. Kanye West? I'm a little confused. Why would Donald Trump or Kanye West be an option to have I like this video yet? So that's great that you're using cards and the introduction video doesn't feel like an introduction to your channel. It feels like one of your many regular videos. So I would encourage you Steven to create a specific channel trailer introducing this channel and not have it sound like a regular video and it was uploaded three days ago so it is a regular video. Let's have a look at your thumbnails. So in your thumbnails I see you have playlists for team Van, tutorials, technology, commentaries. This is fantastic. This is exactly what every one of you who are watching this video should be doing. Go to your channel and make sure you have a playlist for every category of content that is on your channel. Let's have a look at your videos and in your videos I can see your thumbnails. There's a lot of variety of thumbnails. You have very clear text in the thumbnail making it so obvious. If I want to see the YouTuber giveaway video I can click that. Wow, very well done. I can see why you have 17,000 subscribers Steven. My only suggestion would be to work on the channel trailer. Let's have a look at one of your videos. How to make clean professional thumbnails. 500 likes yet. Oh guys Steven here back with another video and today I'm going to teach you how you can make a very clean professional looking thumbnail on Photoshop. So to start it all off just press very important. Let's just take this one and just align horizontal centers. Okay so the first obvious suggestion I would make is don't show this please it looks so tacky. It gets in the way of your video. I just can't wait till I can click the X. Don't show those types of annotations in videos because they're like the old style. Right now we should only be using this YouTube card feature because it works on mobile. These do not work on mobile and or at least clicking them don't work on mobile and this should be a YouTube card not an annotation covering a portion of your video. Otherwise the video has very clear audio. You're doing a good job presenting the concept very clear title and the video got over 5000 views so a lot of people enjoyed this how to make clean professional thumbnails for YouTube. Well done Steven Van. So originally he just wanted us to point out that how far hard work can take you. So Steven tell us a little bit about the hard work you put in. How much time do you spend on your channels? How many videos do you upload every week? Tell us down there in the comments below so we can all see how you've grown so we can be motivated to grow the same way because say it with me that is the spirit of freedom. We all help each other grow together as a family the freedom family. And who am I? I am George CEO and founder of this beautiful family called Freedom aka George Sunpai, Bappa George and even Jerry Maguire. Thank you for watching. I am George and you've been watching and we will grow together as a family because this is the freedom family. You are part of it. We are all part of it and we're all growing together. So grow with us and partner with Freedom. That play now button right there on the video bar is all you need to click to get started.


In this tutorial, Alex Seto and myself, Nicola Cooper, will introduce MetaDTA. MetaDTA is an interactive web-based shiny app that conducts meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy data through a point-and-click interface and creates novel data visualizations. I would like to start by acknowledging the researchers that have worked on the development of MetaDTA as well as all members of the NIHR Complex Review Support Unit who have tested the app and provided valuable feedback throughout the development process. I would also like to acknowledge the funder, the National Institute for Health and Care Research, in the UK. MetaDTA is part of a suite of online evidence synthesis apps developed by the Complex Review Support Unit. Separate EsmarConf 2023 tutorials are available on MetaBaseDTA, which is an app for conducting Bayesian meta-analysis for diagnostic test accuracy and meta-insight and app for conducting network meta-analysis. A new app focused on evidence-based research and meta-impact is currently in development. The main principles we adhered to when developing these apps were that they must be free to use and open source, where possible utilize existing bar packages, have a point-and-click interface, and have an emphasis on visualizations and methods for sensitivity analysis. Before introducing MetaDTA, I thought it would be useful to present a brief overview of diagnostic tests. Diagnostic tests are routinely used in healthcare setting to confirm the presence or absence of disease, for example, the presence or absence of COVID-19. Unfortunately, diagnostic tests are rarely 100% accurate, and those that are known as perfect gold standards may be too expensive, invasive, and or take a long time to process. Therefore, cheaper and quicker to administer imperfect diagnostic tests are developed, and their accuracy is assessed against the gold standard. For an interactive, explorable explanation of diagnostic test accuracy, please see our DTA primer. Our motivation for developing MetaDTA was driven by the added complexity of meta-analysis models for synthesizing diagnostic test accuracy data, compared to meta-analysis models for effectiveness data, and the lack of user-friendly software in which to undertake such analyses. The added complexity is due to diagnostic test accuracy being a measure of two dependent variables. Sensitivity, the proportion of people with the disease who are correctly diagnosed as positive by the test, and specificity, the proportion of people without the disease who are correctly diagnosed as negative by the test. This requires the fitting of relatively complex bivariate testical models, which can be a barrier for some researchers. The two main aims in developing MetaDTA were to develop a freely available user-friendly web-based, point-and-click interactive tool, which allows the user to input their own diagnostic test accuracy study data, and conducts a meta-analysis for diagnostic test accuracy reviews, including the ability to incorporate quality assessment and conduct sensitivity analysis, and to develop interactive graphical displays to facilitate exploration of the diagnostic test data, including the meta-analysis, and effectively communicate the results to non-technical experts, as well as the ability to customize, explore, and export the plots for publication. MetaDTA uses existing R packages Shiny and LME4. Shiny allows creation of web application with interactive user interfaces, and LME4, a package that fits generalized linear mixed effect models, is used to fit the bivariate meta-analysis models. MetaDTA is hosted on the Shiny app server and is available to any users with a web browser without requiring any specialist statistical software. However, MetaDTA is not designed to replace statistical expertise, and non-expert users are encouraged to consult a technical expert. I will now pass over to Alex Sutton, who will present a demonstration of MetaDTA. Okay, thanks, Nicholas. I can never remember the exact web address of the apps. So, if you type the RSU apps into Google, it should be the first link, and that shows all the apps that the Complex Review Support Unit offer. And if we go down to DTA, MA, we get to the one we're using today. Clicking on the link, and that should load the app up with a bit of luck. And you are presented with the opening screen, legal things there, just about data protection. Read those at your own time. First things are a couple of papers that we asked people to cite. Did they describe the app if they use the app in a publication? That way, we can measure how much use it's getting, and hopefully it'll help funding it to come. Right, there is a user guide you can download which has more details than I will be talking about today. You can get the app itself off GitHub if you want to modify or run it locally. I think that's it there, just showing the changes in the versions. So, all the action happens at the top here using this menu system here, we should get you through all the bits of the app. The first thing you need to do is load data. Now, there is some data loaded in the app, and I'm going to use that first, and I recommend you do as well to get used to the app and make sure you understand what's going on before trying your own data. Some example data sets. I'm going to use the one which has added to it both quality assessment information and covariates, so we can see all the features of the app. I'll click that there. This page gives you some information about the data set. It's a test to measure dementia and call the IQ code test. It's a questionnaire. If we click through, we actually get the data that the file contains. 13 studies here. We have the author the year, then the outcome data, true positive, false negative, false positive, true negative. Anyone familiar with these sorts of analysis will know that's the typical format of the outcome data, and they're essentially in any analysis. After this, we have extra columns giving further information that you can use. As I said, we have these risk of bias and applicability measures seven in total across both from the bias assessment tool, Cochrane Collaboration Recommend. Then we have some covariates as well. We have the actual threshold used to determine whether somebody is deemed diseased or not by the test country the study was conducted in, and these are different versions of the IQ code with different kinds of questions in it. Okay, so that is the data for analysis that will go straight on and look at the analysis. The first tab here, we have the data again, but we also have the first things that the app has calculated, the total number of patients in each study, and then we have the sensitivity and specificity of the test eye, the test outcomes, and the weighting that you get in the analysis there. So we're giving the data there. We can move on to the next tab. This is the SROC plots. That's a summary ROC plot, receiver operating characteristic plot. Very briefly, it's a plot of sensitivity against one minus specificity. And on the plot here, we have hollow circles indicating individual studies. There are 13 of those, one for each of the 13 studies in our meta-analysis. The blue dot is the pooled overall meta-analysed estimate of accuracy. The smaller of the two regions by the large dashes here, that is the uncertainty, the 95 percent confidence interval around the confidence region, I should say, around that estimate. And the larger one is the prediction interval, which reflects the amount of variability between studies as well. And there is heterogeneity in this data set beyond that you would expect by chance alone. So this region is considerably bigger than the confidence region, because of variability between studies. Okay, there's quite a lot you can modify on this plot. I won't go into it in detail, but you can plot a curve as well. It's called the SROC curve. And you can, we'll just take that off for a minute, and you can look at the study weights or the prevalence of disease in these studies as well. So the study weights, they're just an ellipse showing you the size in each dimension reflects how much weight the studies get, and that's the prevalence. Sometimes it's concerned the test are a function of the prevalence and will change performance depending on how common the disease is. You can look at the individual uncertainty and the individual estimates as well. I'm just going to go to the bottom and reset all that for speed. That takes you to how it was when you came into the app. And then we can look at these covariates and the quality scores. You can look at individual ratings of quality. Here we go. You can either have low, higher, and clear quality. And this is on the patient selection dimension. And we see there are a number of studies, which are red, which is saying how I risk bias for that particular dimension. And we can identify which studies are which, if we click on the points, if I click on the red dot up there is rather extreme estimate of sensitivity, we find that's the Mulligan study and it gives its estimate of sensitivity and specificity there. Okay, you can look at all those seven separately, or you can put them all in the same time using a little symbol with seven segments, each one representing one of the dimensions.  So this has gone, claves that study and it's got the risk of bias is low in all but one dimension, the RS dimension here where it's high. And that's a nice way of summarizing the impact of quality on of the studies while looking at the results as well. And we'll just take that off and then move and look at the covariates briefly again. So you could look and see whether the threshold used to diagnose somebody is having dementia using the test, if that's varying between studies. And we see it is a little bit that might not be very clear to see we can color code it. And we see one of the smallest sensitivities is the study with the highest threshold. And here the ones with the lowest threshold have the highest sensitivity up here, which is interesting and the yellow somewhere in the middle. So it might be the test sensitivity is being influenced by the threshold used in a particular study. Similarly, look at country, the categorization doesn't really help there. We have the countries plotted on any of the covariates you included in the data set you can look at in this way. And then we can move on to the statistics, which underlie that plot to give you the pooled results. And there are others as well. I'm not going to go and explain what these are, but if you can certainly look those up and there's some links in the end of the app, which help with the technical details. These are parameter estimates for the bivariate model, which are basically the untransformed estimates that we were looking at. We were looking at you might find this panel useful if you are handing these the estimates over and just somebody who may be using those in further modeling like an economic decision model where you want the estimates and the uncertainty around them.  So this is a panel for particularly for Cochrane users to reproduce the SROC in there. And finally, this may look more familiar to people that don't do diagnostic test reviews, but know about metronalysis. We have forest plots separately for the two outcomes sensitivity and specificity. Again, always output anything you can download as a PNG or PDF or any of the tables as well can be outputted if you want to. So that's it for the metronalysis tab, but we have a sensitivity analysis tab as well. And what this allows you to do it looks almost identical to the previous tab, but it allows you to remove studies from the analysis. So if we move on to the SROC plot here and say we're concerned with these studies up here with very high sensitivity, which studies are there? Well, they're Harwood and Mulligan. And if I wish to remove those just to see how much impact they're having on the analysis, we can see that the analysis updates, the old analysis, including all studies is still included as a faint gray line, but the updated analysis is presented in the blue lines. And you can see how much the pool estimate has changed as a result of excluding those two studies, not a huge amount in this case. And obviously you can include or exclude studies as you wish to explore the dataset. And all these other tabs are as they were in the previous in the metronalysis tab up here, only it gives it for the selected studies only as well and allows you to make a comparison. I'm not going to show all those there. This tab is here as people may find it helpful as a way of presenting the results and imply that the help to put in interpret what those sensitivities and specificities mean, which are quite abstract concepts. So the idea is you think about a thousand patients, you set how common the disease is in the population you're interested in by default, it sets us to what the prevalence is on average across all the studies in the metronalysis, but you can change it. So if you think prevalence in your local area is less, you can change that. And then it will tell you how many people are diseased and test positive and are not diseased and test negative. And then the people who are misdiagnosed either not as disease but test positive or are disease but test negative. And out of the thousand, we have the numbers 272, 235, 28, and 465 here and we have intervals around those representing the uncertainty in the performance of the test. This can be a nice way of summarizing results. There's a slightly different view there as well you can use. And yes, you can do the same for the sensitivity analysis as well. So that gives us an overview of the basic functionality of the app. We have a couple of other things. These are references to some of the ideas in the app so you can look up and find out more information about some of the methods used and we're keen to acknowledge all the packages that we have utilized. They are packages utilized in creating the app and all those are used here and we'd like to acknowledge obviously all the hard work that's gone into making those as a longer notice about data. Again, you can read it at your leisure if you use the app. So the only other thing I really want to show is how you get your own data in here. And what we recommend is you choose the format that you want. I'm going to go for the simplest here for speed and then you download the example data set and that should download and I'm going to open that in Excel. There we go, opened in Excel. So that's the data that we were using. I'm just going to just show how it works. I had a different new study at the end and I'll try and give it some extreme results. Whoops, so if I've just added a study just an example and if you want to add a complete different data set which you probably will just delete the data but keep the headings the same and that way the program is very exact thing but you'll make sure you don't okay you'll get the right labels for the headers which is important and I'll just put this into documents here and call that demo update. There we go save that there it's saving as com with the limited which is what it came in as into Excel and you know that's going to be the right format. If we jump back to the app again I'm just going to here you go here to select the file I would deny and download but in documents there we go and that should be there yes and there we've updated the data loaded our own Zs included and we do a meta analysis here we should see this very bad performance and write down here skewing the results just silly example but just showing you how easy it is to get your own data in as well. So I think that's about all I need to show you as I say there is a manual you might say what if I want to include the covariates into the analysis what if I've got imperfect gold standard once if I want to compare tests well our other app the meta base DTA is the more advanced one allows those things and we'd recommend you looking at that that we think this is compact and simple to use and does what a lot of people want and yeah we'd love to hear from you if you use it please give it a try if you do diagnostic test accuracy reviews thank you for watching back to Nicola. In summary the main advantages of meta DTA are that it is a user-friendly interactive tool that allows researchers to conduct binary meta analysis using their own diagnostic test accuracy data and no coding knowledge required it allows the inclusion of risk of bias data and facilitate sensitivity analysis it allows data exploration through novel interactive graphics and it facilitates effective communication results through interactive displays which allow the user to input the prevalence for their population of interest. Meta DTA is an established app currently used by researchers worldwide with approximately 400 users hours per month features not currently available in meta DTA include allowing for an imperfect gold standard different test thresholds comparative analysis of two candidate tests and subgroup analysis and meta regression however if you're interested in a platform that does include these additional features then please check out our meta base DTA Esmart Comp 2023 tutorial. Finally this slide provides links to the meta DTA app and GitHub as well as key references we welcome user comments and feedback and our contact details are available on the front page of the meta DTA app. Thank you for listening.


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