Very good. Thank you So the title is parody protected Johnson cubits and you see my collaborators But let me start with really important things and It's a great pleasure To be here on such a wonderful occasion. I know warrior for a good third of a century and And I tried to find the earliest photos in my archive and that was from year 1987 and The site was Duchamp Bay, which is a capital of Tajikistan And the occasion was a big cost of school on condensed matter physics I want to emphasize two things a Boris is easily Identifiable on all photos Which means that Over the last 30 years. He hasn't changed much The second thing is that Boris always attracts people Just because he is a great guy, but also he is a generator of new ideas and Over the years of those interactions and attractions Significantly increase his polyronic mass At the same time he got delocalized So Warrior many happy returns now back to By the way, I like this look right Back to superconducting kids So I will start with a very brief introduction that emphasizes still the search for new approaches to individual cubits So theoretically cubit is just a simple two state system For example spin one half in some fictitious magnetic field In reality if the spin if the cubit is made of macroscopic solid state system It's a complicated spectrum. I cannot see that. It's there is a dot and the lowest to energy states are Used in logical operations, it's zero in one the spectrum should be non harmonic to Be able to address this transition and not excite all the other ones and this and the harmonicity is an important parameter because it sets the scale how quickly you can talk to a cubit because the Shortest operational time of the cubit is inversely proportional to the harmonicity now The cubit is a quantum system with a decoherence rate and it's important to realize how good the cubit should be for Being a part of quantum computation So the cubit is characterized by this ratio the so-called error rate where t naught is the time of the longest iteration and Typically, it's two cubit rotations and t2 is the decoherence time Now to implement the error correction codes It's a common agreement that we need the error rate Smaller than 10 to minus 4 and if you think that for simplest rotations For example for a rabbi-flop you need to wait for Something like 100 periods of fundamental frequency of the cubit Right that means that if you consider cubit as a non-linear Oscillator the q-factor the quality factor of this oscillator should be greater than a million Which is a very challenging task Now what is the current state of art This is the plot The horizontal axis is years The vertical axis is the cubit lifetime and the right vertical accesses operations per air And you see that over the last 15 years from the first seminal experiment in doctor's size group in succuba to the present day There was a dramatic increase in cubit lifetime This is the so-called Morse law for superconducting cubits We see that the threshold I was talking about which is the error rate 10 to minus 4 Perperation is almost realized For single cubit operations if we look at two cubit gates you see that This epsilon is still Roughly in order of magnitude Greater than what we need And these are probably the best data At present So the state of the field is that from Single physical cubits the field is ready to Go to the next stage which is a logical cubit would that would live forever By running the error correction code, but we are not there yet And though Martinis Who is a one of the leaders in the field described that that we are somewhere between the invention of the transistor and the invention of the integrated circuit In my mind when not there yet because a transistor in this language is probably logical cubit and not a physical cubit However, despite all those difficulties Finding is already in hundreds of million We have many hundreds of people involved in this field in industry now, but it's clear that though most of the groups are Focused on Transmount type structures to the most popular cubits. There's a need for improvement of individual cubits and one of the One of the approaches to this Was design of parity protected Josephson circuits what this is about I'll be talking about two types of circuits and again because of time constraints. It will be very brief discussion a Parity will mean two things In the first circuit, I'm talking about two Josephson funny Josephson Squeeds attached to a single small island and I'll be talking about the number Parity of the numbers of Cooper pairs on this island By the way this funny squid interrupted by four junctions I'll be referring to as Josephson rhombus Now this element is a kind of non-trivial Josephson element, which is cosine 2-5 periodic in the phase across the element Now the second Circuit that I will be talking about is a key prepare box Which is shunted by a very large inductance And in this case the parity refers to the number of flux quanta flux on in the superconducting loop Which contains those two elements in the first case parity is protected by a run of bomb Deconstructive in destructive interference for transfer of single two pairs. Let's take a look. So we have two arms If they're identical the amplitude of This tunneling is the same for both arms But if the rhombus is penetrated by the magnetic flux, which is a half of the flux quantum the phase between those processes is pi and Deconstructive interference kills this tunneling and in this case the Parity of the number of Cooper pairs is protected. No, please that the transfer of Correlated transfer of two Cooper pairs is allowed for this process the Phase is 2 pi Now in the second device One can introduce the amplitude of flux flux on tunneling In the loop or out of the loop and this is this it's similar to the facelift sent facelift process in one of the junctions because of a run of cash or phase the Phase the phase difference between those two processes depends on the charge on the central island and when this charge is Elementary charge e or one half of the Cooper pair again because of destructive interference tunneling of individual flux zones is Forbidden but two flux zones can tunnel at the same time More mathematical description of the idea of protected cubits as shown here. We have some Oscillator This parabolic confinement corresponds to the potential term K is discrete and In one case, it's the number of two pairs in the other case. It's the number of flux zones in the loop The Kinetic term is funny It contains only the terms that mix that mix K and K plus minus two And there are not terms that mix K with plus minus one which Signifies parity protection Now for such a system If you look at the lowest energy states in the system, you can construct two Gaussian envelopes One of them will contain only odd case and another one only even case Now, what's the advantage of dealing with those two wave functions? If the parent is protected those two functions cannot be Converted in one into another right Which means that in the language of cubits t1 is infinitely long. There is no energy relaxation those two states are almost Degenerate in energy it depends on how many components we have in this envelope and If the parent is protected t1 is infinitely long now those states are very difficult to Distinguish from the viewpoint of the invard and if the number of components is large that means that T2 is very long as well And there is also some advantage that for Such a qubit we can think of full tolerant rotations, but that's outside of this talk Let me briefly describe the the experimental results that we have Indy How many minutes I have? Okay. Thank you So let's start with charge pairing devices and let me show you how Well, that's basically the same idea. We have our own one phase Which is gained by when you move a charge around the flux magnetic flux and parity protected Here because if those two arms are symmetric and the rhombus is penetrated by half of flux quantum then we have Transport in the system the system has a critical current which is due to the Flow of 4e charges correlated pairs of cupid pairs, but there is no critical charge due to conventional single cupid pair transport and that was shown in our experiments in some time ago Fabrication All the qubits I'm talking about will be made of aluminum There are new ideas that came from Charlie's lab on Novel structures that are controlled by Electrical gates, I just briefly mentioned about that at the end of my talk But all the results that I'll be talking about are just conventional aluminum junctions so you see For example, this is a rhombus. There are four Joll's injunctions at intersections of aluminum strips This is the device and the readout that I'll be talking about it has a little bit more complicated topology, I won't Discuss this so but you can Identify to Romby With now a little bit more junctions. That's the central island which charge I'll be talking about and this qubit is coupled to the lumped element microwave resonator and The state of the qubit will be detected by the shift of the resonance line of the LC resonator so the microwave impedance of the qubit in states 0 and 1 is different and this impedance being recalculated into the Resonator shifts the line of the resonator In the experiment we have two nodes We can either change the phase difference across the qubit by changing the flux in this loop Now this loop is very large. So without Deviating from the condition that flux in one of those or each Rhombus is should be half a flux quantum. This loop is About 100 times bigger. So We can change the flux the phase across the qubit by many pies without violating this condition and the second knob is the charge on this island, which is controlled by the Gate capacitor This is the micro Microwave circuit that I will probably skip Uh spectroscopy Shows that the spectrum of this system is Very close to what one can predict For reasonable parameters for example for charge on the central island, which is zero in those units This is a spectrum which is shown in red as a function of the global magnetic field if The charge is One half ideally The spectrum should give us straight line at zero But there is a small asymmetry between upper and lower arms and from this spectrum. We can estimate all Parameters that we can use for Simulation of the properties of the qubit. So the Jowson energy which Controlls the transport of pairs of cupid pairs is 10 times greater than the residual E1 that controls the Transport of single cupid pairs ideally that should be zero, but We're dealing with a nanoscale Jowson individual junctions and typically the Reproducibility of those junctions is something like 5-10 percent So that's that's the reason why it cannot be easily done much better So the main result is that if you are far from the optimal point This system has T1 which is about one microsecond And that's typical for not so good Cubids now if we approach the sweet spot which means that the Flux in each cubit is 5-0 over 2 right and the charge is correct on the same island T1 increases by 2 ores of magnitude and it's close to 100 microsecond Right at the same time T2 is not that great because if you count how many Individual K components we have in the envelope Instead of many many we have four as the result T2 Which can be further optimized later on is only a couple of microseconds Right, so this is the Promising design which can be improved we know how to improve it But let me switch gears and Discuss this flux on pairing device Which is also a very interesting approach So now we have a cupper pair box Shunted by a very large inductor Because of our own catcher effect we want to suppress tunneling of individual flux on in the loop and leave only Significant rate of tunneling of correlated flux on What are the conditions and the conditions are challenging to Optimize this thing So if you look at the Hamiltonian of this structure the last term which in this case is a parabolic confinement term Has e sub L Which is inversely proportional to the inductance of this so-called super inductor So what we want to realize that because of tunneling of pairs of Fluxons You see that those minima are localized at 0 4 pi 8 pi and so on and so forth Because of the tunneling between those minima are the states have a finite width and The displacement of those states because of this parabolic confinement should be much less than the width of the level This is the condition In this case the state is delocalized or many minima and we have many components in this Gaussian envelope and that's the condition to realize long t2 Now if you look at the numbers You need a super inductance of The order of 10 micro Hendrick It turns out that in two dimensions If you do not use some tricks and use just wires The inductance is basically limited or impedance. Let's put it this way The impedance is limited to the impedance of this free space, which is 377 ohm So we cannot rely on geometrical inductance We have to use kinetic inductance of superconductors or joseph inductance and it's a challenge to realize such a large inductance without Reducing the impedance of the circuit because of parasitic capacitance associated with the Apology of the circuit and the second requirement is that in order to have large width of the levels we need a high rate of double phase slips Which implies that the ratio of the Jollison energy to the charging energy of Those junctions in the key prepare box should be much less than unity The design of the super inductor in our experiment follows the our earlier work It's a chain of asymmatic squids frustrated by the field So basically there are two approaches either this approach based on one-dimensional chain of squids or just Serious connection of many many Jollison junctions and that's the approach that Yale people use for their so-called flock flux on him the advantage of our approach is that this inductance is tunable and It's non linearity is tunable as well And currently this approach gives the inductive inductance which is about in order of magnitude greater than the inductance of the chain of linear chain of Jollison junctions so the the design of the Device is shown here We have a Cooper pair box These are two small junctions It's flanked by super inductor There are two halves of the super inductor each is three segments of six unit cells each and this is a coupler that couples the System to read out resonator and the read out resonator is coupled to the microwave feed line So what one should expect in this circuit if we forget about any flux on tunneling The system is very simple. It's represented by a fixed number of flux on in the loop and then each level is just a parabolic Curve that corresponds to a fixed M M stands for the number of flux on in the loop Now if we allow some single flux on tunneling processes We open the gap here Which means that yeah, and if Step back if we forget about flux on tunneling the difference between those two levels So this is zero and this is one The difference between two parabolas shifted Horizontally is just a linear function and you expect a zigzag line with a zero intercept Which signifies that there is no avoided crossing between those two parabolic shapes now Ideally we want to realize the situation that we have zero avoided crossing here and significant Yeah that Corresponds to correlated tunneling of two flux zones in the loop. This has not been realized that but Probably for the first time we clearly observed a run of casual effect in superconducting circuits And by clear observation, I mean that it's a spectroscopic evidence where all the charges are controlled and You see that if I Look at blue dots that represent zero to one Transition in the spectra of the qubit For technical reasons, we cannot approach zero, but you see that extrapolation gives us a very nice evidence that Because of destructive are a run of cash or interference. We have almost 100 percent suppression of the Tunneling of single-cube repairs. I'm sorry flux zones and And there is a kind of reasonable gap, but not optimized gap due to the correlated tunneling of pairs of flux zones All right, the last slide refers to the new yes, Andy I'm done to the new approach that We hope that soon there will be a new platform which has for parity protected qubits that have that has several advantages in Comparison with the conventional Johnson junctions in Marcus lab in the University of Copenhagen The High-quality structures that contain nanowires Now and Semiconductor nanowires, which can be epitaxially covered with aluminum are developed And this is a tunable electric electrically tunable Johnson junction so in this case you can is see to Symmetrize the circuit right with a high precision Which is important for all those Circuits protected by the symmetry between the junctions and The second advantage for full total interpretations this circuit can be Controlled by fast electric pulses, which is also a great advantage Okay, let me rev it up. So there are several approaches to so-called parity protected qubits if they're made correctly There is a hope that T1 and T2 can be further improved There are several steps towards realization of those circuits It's a long way to go There are several important challenges But there is an optimism Thank you for your attention


And now, as gunshots echo across the windswept snow-covered reaches of the wild northwest, Quakerpup wheat and Quakerpup rice, the breakfast cereals shot from guns, present the challenge of the Yukon. It's Yukon King, swiftest and strongest lead dog of the northwest, raising the trail for Sergeant Preston of the Northwest Monod Police in his relentless pursuit of lawbreakers. On King, on Huskies! Gold, gold discovered in the Yukon, a stampede to the Klondike in the wild race for riches. Back to the days of the gold rush, with Quakerpup wheat and Quakerpup rice bringing you the adventures of Sergeant Preston and his wonder dog Yukon King as they meet the challenge of the Yukon. Say, did you hear the news? It's terrific! Listen, Quakerpup wheat and rice, the swell-tasting, ready-to-serve breakfast cereals shot from guns are offering you the chance of a lifetime. You have an opportunity to win a bike! Not an ordinary bike, but a Schwinn-built deluxe motorcycle. It's the world's finest bike. It's fully equipped, too, and worth over $79. There are models for boys, models for girls. Right now, get pencil and paper ready. Get set to hear full details in just a few minutes. Sarah Miller was a determined woman as her husband, Jed, who ran the trading post well new and the people of Selkirk were fast finding out. When Sarah decided that Selkirk needed spiritual guidance to overcome the influence of the Nugget Cafe she formed a committee and set about to raise funds for a small meeting house. One day, Sarah triumphantly faced the members of the church committee who had been called to meet at the trading post. Are they all here, Jed? The whole committee? You can see for yourself, Sarah. The widow Jones, banker Weeks, and constable Roder with you and me. I'm just dying of curiosity, Sarah. Yeah, what's the news you got for us? I hurried right over from the bank, Sarah. Were they members of the church committee? I've called you together this afternoon. Now, for heaven's sake, don't go trying to make a speech. Get to the point. You'll be quiet, Jed. Bank of Weeks, when will that meeting house be ready, do you think? Well, I reckon it'll be ready by the time we get a parson here to hold meetings in it, Sarah. It'll be ready before Sarah gets around to telling about their letter, seems to me. Jed, if you don't...  Go ahead with the meeting. In my letter I said we needed a naval preacher who could get and hold a congregation in spite of the opposition we'll get from the cafe owner. Rusty Ward is a mean one to have opposing you. Any preacher that comes here to Selkirk will have to be the two-fisted fighting type of able stay. We'll see that the parson isn't bothered by Rusty and his crowd. Sergeant Preston came into town today and he's going to be here awhile. If he's here when the parson gets started, Preston will see to it... Jed, will you be quiet and let me talk? I've never found any way to keep you from it, so go ahead. Do tell us about what the letter said, Sarah. I'm trying to if I can get a word in edgewise. My former pastor said in the letter that he found a young man just out of the seminary who's willing to come up here. A young parson of great spiritual words. Just the words he used in the letter. Oh, I just can't wait to meet him. Don't forget, Clara Bella, the letter said he's young. They'll let you out, Clara Bella. Jed, quiet. Stop it, Nin. The new parson left about the time the letter did. That means he'll be coming most any time now. And we'll get every available man we can to finish the work on the inside of the meeting house. The new parson can stay in our spare room for the time being till we get a cabin built for him. Well, having that parson here is going to change things for the better in Selkirk. Maybe the man won't win for so much carousing and gambling at Rusty Ward's Nugget Cafe then. That's right. There'll be plenty of competition between Rusty and the parson, but I'm betting on the parson. Well, let's go. We have a lot to do. During the next few days, many of the men in Selkirk turned out either to lend a hand in finishing the interior of the meeting house or to stand by and watch the efforts of those who were working. Among the latter, Rusty Ward and his right-hand man, Lou Martin, the two of them stood in the open doorway as Rusty sneeringly commented and they're staying there expecting a parson to come to Selkirk soon, Lou. Guess he'll do his best to take away a lot of our customers. How's he going to do that, Rusty? I'm preaching to him myself. We're going to let up on coming to the cafe to gamble and all. Oh, stop worrying. Nobody will listen to him. I'm not so sure about that, Lou. I thought of a way to handle him before he gets a good start. Oh, yeah? How do you figure I'm doing it? I've shown him up before the whole town. What do you mean by that? I mean making him look like he isn't any better than the ones he's trying to save. You know, I don't know. He's trying to say, you know, make him out to be just as bad as any of them. Yeah, but how are you going to do it, Rusty? When he gets here and I see what he looks like, then I'll tell you what I plan to do. Come on, let's get back to the cafe. A few minutes after Rusty and Lou left, the great dog king and his master, Sergeant Preston, approached the open doorway of the new meeting house. Let's take a look inside, King. As King and Sergeant Preston stepped inside the doorway, a jolly-looking, heavy-set man painting a windowsill to one side of the doorway hailed them. Hi, there, Sergeant. Hello, Mike. Sure, and even King seems to be saying hello to me. That's right. King's always glad to meet our friends, eh, fella? I, uh, didn't expect to find you when here working with the rest, Mike. Sure and why not, I'd like to know. Just doing no harm to help these folks get a place ready where they can hear a bit of bridgeance, eh? Glad to feel that way about it. I think a bit of religion is needed here. That it is, Sergeant. But between you and me, I'm thinking the new preacher is going to have a bit of trouble when he gets here. Huh? What makes you think that, Mike? And now, just a short time ago, while I was busy painting here at this window, Rusty Ward and that muscle-bound helper of his, Lou Martin, stood at the door and said, Watch it. They didn't see me, of course. They was watching the others back there, and then they started talking. About what? About the new preacher, that's why. Rusty says he's planning to show off the preacher, make him seem like he's just as bad as any other man, he says. So, as the preacher, he'll have to leave town. Did he say how? He intended to discredit the new person? No. Rusty said he wanted to get a look at him first. Then he'd tell his plan to Lou. He's some strange monkey business. He's hatching up. You can bet on that, Sergeant. Them two will bear watch in his eyes. Yes. Thanks for telling me, Mike. King and I will be on hand to help the person if he needs it. Well, we'll see you again. So long. So long, Sergeant. Good bye, King. Several days later, an Eskimo arrived at the trading post with the news that he had passed a sled down trail in Selkirk. It was driven by an Eskimo guide and carried the new parson. Sarah Miller immediately sent out word, and soon the church committee with other curious onlookers waited outside the trading post for the dog sled bearing the parson to arrive. Having a preacher in Selkirk is going to mean a lot to this town. Maybe everybody will get religion classable, and we won't need you anymore. Head up, Jim. The parson can make a better man out of you. I'll be satisfied. Oh, Sarah, listen. I hear a dog team coming now. Look. It's turning into the main street. We haven't for here. Oh, I'm so excited. Calm down, Clara Bella. Not fit for a widow to get excited like a schoolgirl. Sarah isn't any judge of how a widow feels, is she, Clara Bella? I will be, and right soon too, Jed, if you don't keep quiet. Oh, here he comes. He's getting out now. Good gosh, look, great day. Is that my science fellow, the new parson? Thanks a lot, look there. He's such a little man. Here he comes. I beg your pardon. I'm looking for Mrs. Miller. I'm Mrs. Miller. I guess you're the Reverend Meadows. Yes, I am. Well, welcome to Selkirk, Reverend Meadows. These are the other members of the church committee. My husband, Jed. How do you do, Mr. Miller? Howdy, parson.  Quiet, Jed. Reverend Meadows. Meet Banker Wee. How do you do? A constable rotor, and we don't know Joe. How do you do?  We were sort of expecting a much larger man than you. There's a right tough element in Selkirk that needs a bit of religion beat into their thick skulls. It's a constable rotor. I'm here to preach religious faith to all who care to listen. Each man is master of his own soul. No one can be made to believe in the doctrines of religion by force. Well said, parson. Very well said. Jed, get the Reverend Meadows baggage and bring it in. Come along inside, Mr. Meadows. The widow Jones and I will get you settled. Thank you, Mr. Miller. Say now, I didn't expect to see a half-point fellow like that come out here as parson. Maybe he's all right back in weeks, but I'm thinking he just won't get anybody to go to meetings. I wonder what Sarah was thinking about it. She looked disappointed to me, but she didn't let on. Howdy, constable. I see the new parson just got in. Here, get a good name for him. The Reverend Shorty Meadows. How's that? See here, Walt. If you religion-hunting folks intend to clean up Selkirk, you ought to get a real man to be a preacher. That's enough out of you, Rusty Ward.  Come on, constable. Help me with the parson baggage. Anyway, I don't like the air around here right now. What's the matter, Rusty? Don't they like your company? Yeah, it works like it. Lou, did you see the half-point that come here as parson? Yeah. He couldn't stand up against anybody in this town. Man or boy. Yet he said a few words here that makes me think he might have a persuading way about him, even if he is a runt. Lou, before the week is over, the Reverend Shorty Meadows is going to wish he never heard of Selkirk. You can mark my words on that. We'll continue our story in just a moment. Listen, just listen to this. Here's a chance to win a bike, a dream bike, a brand new, shiny new, fully equipped, Schwinn Deluxe Autocycle, the world's finest bicycle. Don't miss out. Talk about fun. Quakerpot, wheat and rice, the serial shot from guns, are offering 101 Schwinn Deluxe Autocycles, each worth more than $79, in the easiest, most fun contest ever. Think of it. The bike you win is fully equipped. 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Just one box top from Quaker Puffed Wheat or Rice with each entry. But hurry, mail today to Bike Contest, Box 600, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Now to continue our story. As Rusty and Lou walked away after watching the arrival of the dog sled that had brought the little parson, King standing beside Sergeant Preston at the corner of the building growled instinctively. Quiet, King. Hi there, Sergeant. Hello, King. Hello, Mike. Did you see the parson arrive? That I did. I was standing at the edge of the crowd. Sure, and he's kind of undersized. Seems like for a place as tough as Selkirk. He is rather short, Mike. But he seems to be intelligent and alert. I noticed he didn't carry a gun, but there's something about the way he looks and moves that makes me think he might fool anyone who tried to pick on him. Is that so now? Well, anyway, I hope you're right. I saw Rusty Ward and Lou Martin watching and smirking like a couple of Timberwolves no less. Yes, I saw them. You were right, Mike. Those two are planning trouble for the new parson. That they are, and you can bet on it. They'll bear close watching, as you said before, Mike. It's time for King and me to eat. Come on, King. The following night, Rusty and Lou sat at a corner table in the Nugget Cafe. After making certain no one was within hearing, Rusty spoke in low tones. Oh, I got my plan all worked out against that new parson. We'll try it out tomorrow evening. Yeah? What do you got figured out, Rusty? Hey, look, last night and again the night, I noticed that shorty, the parson, walked from Miller Street and posed to the new meeting house on the edge of town. I'm counting on him doing the same thing tomorrow night. He was alone each time I saw him. Go on, get to the point. Well, here's what I want you to do. Follow him to the meeting house. Then when you're sure no one's looking, go up to him and say what I tell you to say. What do you want me to say? Tell him there's a prospector in the back room here at the Nugget Cafe who's been hurt bad. He's asking for a preacher. Yeah, but who's gonna be in the back room asking for a preacher, Rusty? Nobody. Just tell the parson that. Maybe he won't come with me. You'll come with you, all right? Preachers are supposed to go through dying people if they ask for them. And what happens after he gets here? You'll find out after you bring him here and so will he. I'll tell you one thing, Lou. Yeah, what's that? After tomorrow night, none of those church people will want that half-point to lead their meetings. You can bet on that. As was his usual custom, after supper the following night, parson Meadows walked to the meeting house. He spent a short time inside. Then he came out, closing and locking the door after him. Hey, parson. Good evening. I was told I might find you here, parson. I've been hunting for you.  Well, I... Will you come with me to the Nugget Cafe right away? The Nugget Cafe? That's right. You see, parson, there's no prospector there in the back room. He's been hurt bad and he keeps calling for a preacher.  I understand. I'm very glad you came for me. Then you'll come with me right away? Of course. Come on, parson, let's hurry. A short time later, Lou Martin arrived at the back of the cafe building with the parson. Here we are, parson. It's the back door. He's in the back room right through that door. Come on, all right? Yeah, just go right in. Parson? Good evening. Where's the old prospector who wants to talk to me? I have no one who's sent for you. Oh, but I was told someone was badly hurt here in this back room. Well, you see, nobody's been hurt yet. But before long, somebody will be, eh, Lou? Yeah.  As Lou, standing a little behind the parson, moves suddenly toward him, his arm raised to strike, a surprising thing happened. The parson and a lightning-like move stepped aside and back, at the same time grabbed a move. The small parson seemed to twist and pull without much effort, yet the big, brawny body of Lou went flying forward, crashing into a table. Holy cow! Don't move, parson. A gun. Here, a gun. Now, use it, too, if I have to. Get up, Lou, and come over here. Great day, Russ, yeah. Come on, thunder that little runt, man. Forget it for now. Go behind him and tie his hands while I hold his gun on him. Sure. As soon as I get the cord. This time, I won't miss.   I don't trust that little runt, even if that gun held on him. He's got tricks or something. He's tougher than he looks. Sure, I know. Help me pick him up. Put him in that chair at the gaming table. All right. Now, what are you gonna do? Take a look for a minute, Lou. See? With that empty glass in front of him and the cards and chips and all. How's it look to you? It looks like he passed out while he was gambling. The way he fixed his head down on his arms like that. I don't see what you're doing. Not through yet. Well, I go get some of the men out front in the cafe at a stage of fight. You get the constable to come here. The person will wake up to find he's in disgrace with the church people, so you'll have to leave Selkirk for good. Now, I'll go get things set. Then you can go and get the constable. Meantime, at the small cabin he and King used when they came to Selkirk, Sergeant Preston received an unexpected visit from Michael Leary. Well, Mike, what brings you here tonight? Just this I saw with my own two eyes. The little person going into the back door of the Nugget Cafe with Lou Martin. The person? It's true.  And being suspicious of Rusty Ward and Lou Martin, I says to myself, I says... There's no telling what Rusty and Lou are up to. You'd better get over there right away. I'll get my park on. I'm sure the person wouldn't go there, especially with Lou Martin, unless something was decidedly wrong. Let's go, Mike. Come on, King, let's go. About that time, the constable was at the trading post talking to Jed Miller. Hey, Jed, have you decided what you think of that little person? Just how does he stack up with you anyway? Oh, I guess he's all right, constable. I can't get Sarah to say what she thinks about him, but I think... You better come over to the nugget cafe right away. Some of the men are cutting loose again. Rusty's afraid they'll wreck the place. Another ruckus at the cafe. Yeah. That place is getting worse every day. All right, I'll go try and calm them down. I'll come along with you and see what's going on. Yeah, we'd better hurry. They're really in a fight in the mood over there, man. Over in the cafe, Rusty was urging the men on, so that the fight would look real when the constable arrives. Rub it up a little more to make it look real, man. But don't bust up any of the furniture or glassware. It sure looks like the real thing now, Rusty. It sure does. Well, I'll make it seem more real by firing a couple of shots.  It hit Rusty and knocked him out. Look, the oil's caught fire. As Sergeant Preston with King and Mike hurried toward the nugget cafe, they heard the sudden commotion in the distance. Something's happened, Mike, at the cafe. Look, Sergeant, they're running out. The cafe's on fire. Glory be to the person who might still be in there, too. Come on, we'll run through to the back door of the cafe. Let's go, King. Meantime, in the back room of the cafe, the parson gradually came, too, after being knocked out by Rusty. Oh. Oh, my head. That must have been... to be smoke coming under that door over there. The cafe's on fire. I'd better get out the back way. Help! I can't get out! Help, parson! Don't leave me in here! The cafe owner. I've worked. Not to be out. The men swam to the table over on my leg. I think it's broken. Get me out. Help me. I'll move the table. I'll try to get you out. I wouldn't blame you if you... Don't talk to me heavy. Don't worry. I think I can manage. You got nerve, parson. You're strong, too. I'm counting more on faith than on nerve right now, my friend. Easy now. That bean clipped him. Hello, Constable. Who's still in there? The parson was in that back room, and Rusty's not out either. Great day. The parson in there? What was he... Come on, we'll have to get them out. You can't get in there now. Constable, I'm certain what to do. King, standing beside his master, heard the frantic cry for help. Even as Sergeant Preston paused momentarily at the doorway, King acted immediately, springing forward with a frenzy bark into the smoke-filled, flame-lighted cafe. King is going into help. I'm going after him. Maybe together we can get him out. Wait, parson! You'll never make it! Be ready to help us when we come out. I'll try to get you out. We'll get out somehow. We've got to. Outside the back door, the group waited for their eyes glued to the open door. Oh, they won't make it out. That dog King going in like that. I never saw the leg of a gen. But I'm afraid they won't get somebody. Preston's carrying Rusty. Come on, boys. It's the parson of the dog. Rusty Ward and the parson are alive, but unconscious. I'll put Rusty down here for a moment. Here's the parson. King, fella, you all right? He's a bit sane, but he seems all right. King saved the parson. Rusty's so big, I couldn't have bought both of them at the same time. We'll take them to your place, Jed, and give them first aid. Right, Sergeant. Come on, boys. At the Miller's quarters in the trading post, Rusty Ward and the parson received first aid and regained consciousness. After they had gained their strength later that night, the church committee gathered around the two chairs in which the two men sat. Reverend Miller, we were concerned, of course, as to why you were in the cafe, but after getting the facts from Lou Martin, we decided the committee should give you a vote of confidence. Thank you, Mrs. Miller. Well, of course, parson. You should have been more careful. He isn't fitting for a parson to go into a place like that. With you being so meek and short and those men so big and tall... Now, hold on, Banker Weeks. Lou and I can tell you he may be short, but he isn't meek. And Lou can tell you he's plenty tough, too. He fooled me. Tossed me around plenty in that back room. Oh, what's that you said? Sure. A parson acting tough. The church can be militant as well as meek when necessary, Mrs. Miller. The parson came in after me because he has faith. If that's what his religion means, then I'm... I'm for it. I did him a dirty trick, and he tried to save me. Now that's funny. From now on, nobody's going to say anything about parson's shorty meadows while I'm around. Parson's shorty meadows? What a thing to say.  I've heard of a shorty meadows who took top honors as an athlete at the California University a few years ago. Could it be that you... Yes. I'm that shorty meadow sergeant. I took a boxing and wrestling tour sort of a defensive measure. Then I went to the theological seminar. All right, Thunder, it looks like we got a fight and parson after all. Rusty, I had no idea we'd get a parson...  You jabber too much. Whoo! You got the spiritual worth you want in parson meadows, and we got the toughest we want in shorty meadows. Parson. Since you prefer to convert Rusty and Lou instead of prosecuting them for what they did to you, I think the constable and I can forget the matter. That's right, but I wonder if King is willing to let him off. He don't like men who pull dirty tricks. What do you say, King? Seems to me that as far as King and I are concerned, this case is closed, eh, fellow? In just a moment, Sergeant Preston will give you a preview of Monday's program. Hurry, time's a-wastin'. Don't miss your chance to win a bike. A shiny new Schwinn Deluxe Autocycle, or big new Quaker Pucked Wheat & Rights Contest, offers 101 of these fully equipped bicycles, each worth more than $79. Enter today. Finish this sentence in 15 words or less. My favorite college pennant on the Quaker Pucked Wheel on the Quaker Pucked Wheat or Rice Package is... Completing that sentence is easy. Fun. First, look for the colorful college flags on the back of packages of Quaker Pucked Wheat or Rice. Then, pick out your favorite and write down why. Here's an example. My favorite college pennant on the Quaker Pucked Wheat or Rice Package is California. I like it because I want to go to school there someday. Send your entry together with your name and address, and one Quaker Pucked Wheat or Rice Box Top to Bike Contest Box 600, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Contest closes midnight Saturday, October 23rd. Anyone living in continental United States can enter except employees of the Quaker Oats Company, their advertising agencies and families. Entries judged on bases of originality, suitability, and aptness. Duplicate prizes for ties. Judges' decision final. All entries and ideas therein become property of the Quaker Oats Company. Meal your entry today without delay. Send to Bike Contest Box 600, Minneapolis, Minnesota. These radio dramas, a feature of the challenge of the Yukon Incorporated, are created and produced by George W. Trendle, directed by Fred Flower Day, and supervised by Charles D. Livingston. The part of Sergeant Preston is played by Paul Sutton. They are brought to you every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday at the same time by Quaker Pucked Wheat and Quaker Pucked Rice. The breakfast cereal shot from gun. Listen Monday when Sergeant Preston and Yukon King meet the challenge of the Yukon in the adventure of the Red Ace. A number of mysterious robberies brought King and me to the town of three falls. A criminal known as the Red Ace, because he always leaves the ace of diamonds at the scene of his crime, presents a baffling case to King and me. Be sure to hear this exciting story Monday. Till then, this is J. Michael wishing you good bye, good luck, and good health from Quaker Pucked Wheat and Quaker Pucked Rice. So long. This is ABC, the American Broadcasting Company.


12th October is a World Arthritis Day. I would like to tell you that arthritis is a global problem. More than 600 million people suffer from age-related osteoarthritis only. And there is another big burden of inflammatory arthritis in the world. In arthritis patients suffer from crickling pain in the joints, swelling in the muscles and difficulty walking and doing their day-to-day activities. So friends, this is a common problem in the world today. And we as orthopedic surgeons and you as patients have to deal with it.


Mae'r pwysig yn y cyhoeddfyrdd. Mae'r proses oherwydd y cyhoeddfyrdd wedi cyhoeddfyrdd y maen nhw, y gweithio, y gweithio, y gweithio a'r ffocws y dyfodol o gweithgafol. Yr hyn o'r cyhoedd yn gwybod y cyhoeddfyrdd ymlaen yn ddorffent anhygwm arall. Yn Dr Bysgol, mae'r Cymru i'r gwaith ymlaen, mae'r cyhoeddfyrdd y Llyfr ond mae'r cyhoeddfyrdd wedi'u cyhoeddfyrdd. Has been a Member of Parliament for approximately 20 years. Has a background in economic research, and in the last number of years has then become the Secretary of State for Defence. Thank you so much Mrs Minan-Ladryd. It's a pleasure for me to be here. You mentioned some of the things I've done in the last 50 years. Mae'r unrhyw gwaith yw'r athgwrs yn y llwyffwyr hwnnw, yn y cwmhwyll gwrs yn ymdweithio'r ysgol yng Nghaerfodill, yn y nôl yn 1986. Yn mynd yn ei chael y ffordd hwnnw ychydig yw'r amser sy'n ei ddweud y cwmhwyllion a'r ysgol yng Nghaerfodill. answered, when I went to school I understood it was an issue of Catholics and Protestants. When I went to Belfast and talked to some Catholic clargimean, they told me this was not about being Catholic or Protestant but about feeling irish or british, which would not be exactly the same anyway. This is something that I'm interested in and when we went here with the Excellency, the ambassador, a we already talked about Brexit, and it was not a surprise for me to get to know that this is a question that is of utmost importance for this country. Let me just make one remark, one personal remark at the beginning, because when I changed with the Minister from the Labour Ministry to the Defence Ministry, I was told that from now on I should stick more to what has been written down for me because it is riskier to insult representatives from other countries than to insult trade unionists or employers or officials. So I should not run too many risks, but let me say something that I regard as very important and this is to keep the western world together in these days. And you are aware that we belong both to NATO and European Union. I'm aware that you're a EU member country, not too far away from Germany. I mean, it's almost the same time to go to Dublin than to go to Parliament of Mallorca. There are more Germans who go to Parliament of Mallorca than to Dublin as you know, but it is not too far away, but if we are here, we are a bit further from the problems that we face in Central Europe with regard to the so-called Islamic State or Daish on the one hand and what happened in Ukraine on the other hand, but what I regard as most important is to keep the two alliances together. It is my impression that in these days it is not so important whether you belong to the one, to the other organization or to both. I was very impressed when I visited our soldiers in the EU training mission Somalia and Mogadishu and I met soldiers from Serbia, a non-NATO, a non-EU Member State, but united with us in the fight against terrorism, or at least in educating, correctly speaking, not to fight against terrorism, so I should not use that, but in educating and training soldiers from Somalia to fight against Islamist terrorism. So we were united there and we cooperate with many non-EU, non-NATO countries also in Afghanistan, so this is something that seems to be of utmost importance from my point of view that we keep these 34 countries. If you take NATO and EU together to keep these 34 together and we will remain 34 also after Brexit because the UK as you know will remain in NATO and with regard to Montenegro we are going to be 35 in a foreseeable time and I found it impressive to hear for example in Norway that they told me we were affected by Russian counter sanctions against EU sanctions before we Norwegians had the time to decide that we would follow the EU sanctions. So this is obviously also from the Russian side a clear indication that they also see that we belong together and this is one of the successes that we have reached as Western world in the recent years that should not be underestimated. This is my personal conviction and now I stop running risks and will stick to what has been written down for me by my experts. So I think I can leave out the things I've already expressed them and I can continue by saying having said that what I said before that in these dynamic and complex time security and defence policy is something that concerns us all. More than ever before security and defence policy is a transnational matter not only when it comes to the challenges we face but even more so when it comes to addressing them. It's therefore all the more important to keep talking to each other and keep the discussion going but also to seek solutions and inspiration. We are all well aware that there is a multitude of challenges waiting for us in the future but especially in the year 2016. Now we are already looking back on a year with too many wars and too many crises. It instantly brings to mind images of war, of terrorist attacks and of natural disasters. Much of what moved us in the year 2016 is still topical today and I think we should. I'll try to do it differently. My clear word has changed from our central European perspective starting in the year 2014 that was on the one hand the fact that for the first time for decades with the illegal annexation of Crimea there was the violent change of borders inside Europe. This was something that was not experienced for decades and which was not foreseen by us. And of course there is no doubt that what happens in eastern Ukraine is influenced by Russia also. This is something that we have to take into account when we talk to our American friends. I do not talk about the new government now. This is still at least to some extent difficult to foresee what will be new emphasis of this government. We are quite satisfied about the signs of continuity that we see with regard to this government. This is a discussion that we had in recent years also that whenever there was military support for the Ukraine government it was obvious that there was a counteraction on the other side and it was quite clear where it came from. That's why we used to say that there is no military solution for the conflict in Ukraine. It does not fall under article 5 and it says clear consequences. If you want to be credible with regard to the Baltic states concerning article 5, it means there must be a distinction between those countries which belong to NATO and those who do not belong to it. The other great challenge that we saw were the atrocities committed by Daesh, Islamic status we used to say in German, which was something like the focus of an Islamist terrorist crisis belt that started geographically in the west of Africa, Mali and neighboring countries. Going over to Libya, which is something like a failed state in this time of history. Continuing the Horn of Africa, Somalia, where we have been engaged with our military for a long time. Continuing Syria and Iraq and going until Afghanistan. So we are confronted with rising problems in this crisis belt and these two tendencies have come together in 2014. That brought us to some changes in our foreign insecurity policy. What you should bear in mind is when we had reunification in Germany in 1990, this was also a unification of two armed forces. Just to give you an idea of the figures, west Germany to east Germany according to population was something like 4 to 1 at that time. The western armed forces consisted of 495,000 soldiers at that time. All male, none of them ever been abroad for being part of a mission as we are involved in today. So the thing that expressed the change was for example what happened in Cambodia. You are aware of the atrocities committed by the communist government in the 1970s when they killed some 20% of the whole population within 4 years. But there was no chance to solve this problem for the western world and so it was the communist Vietnam that intervened at that time. In the early 1990s when Cambodia still suffered from what happened in the 70s, but the situation was of course much better than in the 70s. There was the chance for the German armed forces to be part of a peacekeeping mission in Cambodia. So that was a clear indication of the change that we had gone through. So in 1990 the German armed forces of west Germany consisted of almost half a million soldiers. And the east German armed forces were smaller but much bigger with regard to the population. And so what we agreed upon in the so-called 2 plus 4 agreement at that time with the victorious powers. I don't know the English term for we say Siegermechte, victorious powers. Well the Allied forces. So the US, UK, France and the Soviet Union at that time. So we agreed upon reducing our German armed forces down to 370,000. This was the agreement in international law that we signed in 1990. And until now we have reduced our armed forces down to 185,000. So exactly half of the amount that we agreed upon according to international law is the consequence of sovereign national decisions taking in 25 years time roughly speaking from 1990 onwards. And this was summarized under the phrase of the peace dividend that we were happy to realize in Germany. Peace dividend meant we were surrounded only by friends and there was no reason to be afraid in Europe. We clearly focused on our international missions with regard to the equipment and with regard to what our soldiers were equipped with. So the procurement was clearly focused. The procurement of the German armed forces was clearly focused on what was needed in the missions in Afghanistan, Kosovo, in Africa and elsewhere. And in the meantime there is a clear commitment and more or less common sense in the German defence policy that we have to do more for our defence. We will not go back to the figures, to the numbers that we disposed of in former decades, but it is clear that we have to be more flexible than we have been in the past. And the investments that we have increased are clearly focused on our capacities to defend our own country and to defend our friends and allies in the alliances that we belong to. So we will stick to our international obligations and of course they are not so easily foreseeable.  But our basic commitment is that we will stick to the obligations that we have agreed upon. But the focus of what we invest more is for personnel and for procurement in our own country to defend our country and to defend our allies. So this is the consequence of what has happened in Ukraine, what has happened in Europe and what we see with regard to international terrorism. And you've already mentioned, we do not yet know what was the cause of the attack that hit the Dortmund football team last night. We are not yet sure, but Germany, like many other western countries, has been hit by international terrorism. We have seen that during the Christmas market in Berlin last year and there were some other incidents in last summer. So we are aware that we are in the focus of terrorism like other countries also. So it is in our interest and certainly in our common interest that we have to engage more in preventing countries from becoming failed states, from being overwhelmed by terrorist groups to stabilize these countries in a different neighborhood under different circumstances, especially in Africa. That's what we are committed to and what we have also learned in the past is that the enemy of our enemy is not necessarily our friend. There is a good reason for Germans to say so because even I can remember in the 80s when there was the Soviet intervention in Afghanistan, there were some of the so-called Mujahideen who were presented on German TV and I say so as a member of the Christian Democratic Party, which is regarded as a more conservative party in Germany and we were strongly against the Soviet Union. But it was also our mistake to think that these Mujahideen people that they were our friends because like us they were strongly against the Soviet intervention in Afghanistan. And this was a mistake that we had to realize later and that cost us some casualties. We have had 55 German soldiers who went to Afghanistan after 9-11 who didn't come back alive. And many of them were killed under circumstances that we would normally call a war. And they were the victims of people whom we regarded as our friends in former times when they were against the Soviet intervention in Afghanistan. So one of the consequences we drew out of that was in Iraq we have come to terms more or less with the central Iraqi government which helps us in supporting the Peshmerga, the Kurdish Peshmerga in Northern Iraq. This is not in the back of the Iraqi government but under their auspices and with their consent. And on the other hand one of the difficulties in the situation in Syria is that someone who has attacked his own people by means of weapons of mass destruction does not become our friend simply because Daesh claims him their enemy. And so that's why we do not see a political solution for Syria with this president of Syria that is still in power. So this is one of the consequences taken out of this experience that the enemy of our enemy is not our friend. And so to sum this up there were many decades when Germany was not very much involved in military actions as were in the world for good reasons. We had to realize that our partners did not come to us and say you have caused so many crimes in World War II so we expect you to be reluctant and to be in a reserved position but the obvious, the contrary was the case. People demanded us to stick to our humanitarian obligations and not to hide behind our own history. So Germans will never be in the front on their own and say we want to do more. But as a consequence of our history we do not deny our humanitarian international responsibility. And that's why there is an agreement in government and parliament for the years to come for the foreseeable time to invest more in our armed forces and especially to dedicate most of what we invest to our alliances. Well I learnt that you are not very much interested in NATO here in Ireland and so that you are not very much involved in the 2% debate that we have in NATO but what I should like to express here is we stick to our obligations, we are willing to do more and we dedicate almost all our military investments to NATO and European Union. We have national caveats like countries with nuclear capacities, we don't dispose of these capacities as you know and whatever we can do militarily, almost everything that we can do militarily is dedicated to the alliances we are involved in and this will be more in the years to come, this is the consequence of the situation that we have to be aware of in Europe and in our neighbouring continent so to speak. And therefore again it is our strong conviction that these two alliances must cooperate, that they must work together. If you take all the countries together we spend some 200 billion euros for defence which is an impressively high sum of money and with the same amount of money apart from the fact that we are willing as I said to invest more but with this impressive sum of money we could be much more effective and much more efficient and therefore it's our conviction that the European Union must become more effective, that NATO must become more effective and that the interrelations between both of them must become better so in contrast to some suspicions that we were confronted with by our friends from the UK we have never had the idea and the ambition to create double structures why should we be in favour of duplication structures but we want the one organisation to cooperate with the other and that the capabilities add to each other to make the whole western world more effective and more capable with regard to military capabilities and these are some ideas that we have also laid down in our white paper published in 2016 and I learned that we have some of these white papers here that were also published in English and what you should know with regard to such a white paper in contrast to some other countries there is no legal obligation for the German government to publish a white paper although there are some countries who publish a white paper in every parliamentary period we are not forced to do so, the last one we published was in 2006 and when this government was formed in the late autumn of 2013 there was no plan to write such a white paper because we didn't see a fundamental change in the security environment of 2013 compared to 2016 and the occasions that I mentioned in 2014 and what followed out of it these were the reasons why the government and the vast majority in power came to the idea to agree upon a new white paper as a reaction on the changes in the security environment that we are confronted with which implies that on a narrow scale we are still only surrounded by friends but we have to be aware of the fact that dangers have come closer to us first of all they have come closer and so far that we had a violent change of borders in Europe and that some things in Africa and Asia have become more complicated more challenging, more threatening also to make that very clear and apart from that in a globalised economy and society things are getting closer anyway and so these were the reasons why we have agreed upon this new white paper in 2016 with the consequences that I mentioned I could add a lot so we have some focus on other new developments for example cyber, we have just installed a new cyber command in the German Armed Forces because we see that hybrid warfare belongs to the new developments that we are confronted with an experienced foreign politician who does not belong to my party once told me that Russian propaganda hasn't changed very much in last decades in principle, said the difference was in the 1980s people in the Soviet Union were aware that what was written in Prafda was not the truth I learnt that Prafda is the Russian word for truth and there was an awareness that people were not told the truth today they are still not told the truth but the awareness has gone to some extent and there are new technical means of spreading propaganda around the world that did not exist in communist times and so we have to be aware of that and we were confronted, we still are confronted with fake news about a rape of a Russian-German girl in Berlin about similar crimes committed by our troops in Lithuania and some other kinds of hybrid warfare in Soviet times we could be convinced that the Soviet Union would never use energy as a weapon because they were so dependent on Western currency that whatever happened they were a liable with regard to the flow of energy this is different under Putin as we see because for the oligarchs there is still a lot of money to get even if they use energy as a weapon so there are with regard to hybrid warfare, with regard to propaganda, with regard to cyber attacks there are some new challenges that we also have to face and we try to adapt our armed forces, also our ministry to these new kinds of challenges but at the end it is our strong conviction that we are not just a military alliance both EU and NATO that we are a community of values and that these values count and that these values will prevail although they are challenged, although they are threatened and that's why it is good to be part of such a strong alliance and that's why it is good that Ireland also belongs to this community of values and to this common security and defence policy that we have agreed upon in the European Union and to finish with that as I mentioned the minister and I we served in the same positions in the Labour ministry in the last period we had a liberal coalition partner at that time and they were not so interested in labour and social affairs so we took over there so when we formed the grand coalition government with the social democrats for what sort of reasons social democrats insisted on going into the Labour ministry so we had to leave and we went to defence so what I learned and what was the difference sometimes when we had to go to Brussels in the Labour ministry and justify why we had agreed upon some old age pension reforms which we completely financed by that of our own funds we never asked Brussels for any penny or for any cent from a Brussels fund to finance our old age pension system anyway they wanted to know everything in detail why we did so sometimes we asked ourselves what did that have to do with subsidiarity but when we changed the defence it became very clear for us how necessary the European Union is because none of the EU member states can play a role in security and defence affairs without the others and that's why this European pillar of NATO and the European common security and defence policy in the European Union as such is of utmost importance for our security and therefore it's good to be here among friends thank you so much


Now let's get over to our man Mr. Tim Moore as we do every Tuesday and Thursday and don't forget folks You can reach Tim every trading day at odd hyphen oracle calm That's old hyphen oracle calm and I can tell you time just goes so quick It's hard to believe that feels like I was just speaking with him Well, I was because I called him a few hours ago, but I'm talking about on the air Tim. What's going on brother?  I don't know if we'll be able to use certainly did I like it man. No Awesome, man. Okay, so which shot do you want to start with? Well, it you know, we got the equities and we got the gold so whatever you want to do Pardon tell just tell me which shot to start with I start with one. Yeah, I just start with one, okay? So anyhow chart one This is kind of a We always got to look at the bigger picture and work backwards.  Yes, and when I did this chart it was thirteen point two nine Anything blows seventeen that usually you're okay when the market when the VIX starts to get above seventeen. That's when ugly things can happen and So the VIX relatively speaking is in a safe area, you know, you can have pullbacks, but nothing really significant Yes, and the next window higher is the SBX VIX ratio. Okay, and so That's a ratio. So it Moves up and down with the S&P. So if that ratio is rising that's usually a good sign But if you got the S&P's going up and you got that ratio going down Which off to the far left of the chart from then 2018 yeah all the way to 2020 I point out times when the S&P's were making higher highs and this ratio is making lower highs That's pretty amazing. Every time it did Pardon. No, it's just amazing. You know as you're looking at this chart folks Tim You can see the five red arrows man. Pretty amazing. I know cool. Go ahead. Yeah, so it's really Picked out, you know, even that COVID crash, you know, the market was going up I think was in March 2020. Yes, this ratio is going going way down It's really obvious of how that ratio worked and even though there is You know that kicked off the news and obviously the market crashed and back in 2021 late 2021 early 2022 you got the ratio or the S&P's making higher highs You got the ratio of making lower highs and so now you get over the current places You got the S&P's basically testing the July highs right now And you got the ratio making higher highs, right? Well, it's something similar happened back in April May of this year You got The S&P's were kind of testing its previous highs. Yes, I think around 41 40 200 and that ratio is breaking out to new highs You can have a little pullback But in general, this is bullish so the immediate term on the bigger timeframes So far is bullish according to the VIX below 17 and the SPX VIX ratio So but we did get out yesterday Are my trading gives you just I got out most show the reason why I got out okay, and you know the bigger trend up I Guess if you're longing, you know The odds point to that at some point. We're gonna make a higher high than where we are right now But you may have to suffer through some sort of a pullback for that next higher high comes. Yes So Reiterate folks, okay, because you've been following Tim and myself so Tim got in really close to these lows They got out yesterday before the close. Okay, and he made over 10 and was a 10 point to 10 10.4 percent of something Right was a was a 10.5 to Yeah, I'm on some okay, so so should we go to the next show get near the low If you go back and look March or October 27th was a low and that's the day I went long on the clothes I love that's right that Friday. That's right. Oh my god. Yeah I'm like a gapped up the next day and and I just can't kind of kept going. I was right. There's always Far as indicators go to get one indicator. That's good if you can get two indicators Yes, that's even better to match what you're trying to do So you want to you know if you got an indicator that 80% right and you got another indicator that's a percent right But they're not related at all then that increases your odds of success. Yes So on on page our chart to okay, I got another chart now Folks What's happening here as you've been following us right, you know, you've got the all the information about when we were coming into lows Now what you're gonna be getting done is you're gonna get information coming into highs Which is so cool because that's when you know that you have an amazing system that you can go both ways Okay, that's that's what it comes down to because we know anyway go ahead with the next shot Tim. Thank you All right. I'm on page or chart to I got to Light blue indicators. Yes, or it like to light blue shaded areas in the bottom window is just the SPY the next window higher is the VIX Ray it says the VVIX to BB a VIX to a VVIX ratio So it's a VIX and the VIX of the VIX so well, what's the VIX VIX is actually measures the premiums of options on the S&P's so when the VIX goes up that means the option premiums are going up So what's the VIX? Well the VIX anticipates the rising of the VIX or the VVIX anticipation Anticipates the rise of the VIX I hear the music I don't want to get too complicated here. No, no, it's cool that you're doing great just stay right there folks Tim and I coming right back We have the dial up 332 Nasik's down 116 S&P's a seven and a half Tim and I come right back folks Welcome back folks dial up that 333 Nasik up Nasik down a 111 S&P's off 7 we're talking about Managed to Tim wood and I have the second child up here Tim right well this the middle window is the VIX to VVIX ratio and normally when it's trending down the mark is trending up and And pretty much the S&P's are actually testing is August Or late July or August highs is kind of actually moving sideways here No, the point I was trying to make this ratio in general is making lower lows as the S&P's are basically testing its previous highs Didn't quite draw this chart right but in general is another area term bully signed You can have short term pullbacks here, but this this other this other ratio gives another bullish bigger picture So Anyhow that's a flip to chart three. I think this that was I think you just went over chat three Okay, except the chat three says at the top vix slash VVIX ratio is that chat three? the top Yeah VVIX to VVIX ratio a spy versus VVIX T All right, I must get the charts just scoot up. What do you got for chart three? Just tell me what would chat three says at the top I can find it But chart three is just the VIX. Yeah, so wherever the VIX is just It'd be the just the chart of the VIX on the top very top left Okay, I think that was shot to okay All right, did I do I did I mess them up so the chart goes back to mid 2022? I Kind of what happens Tim when I'm on here I did the screens away in front of me so I kind of had time seeing those smaller print That's called getting old Tom. Yeah, well, I'm blind them on ice. I'm with you. I'm with you Let's let's do this. Let's go. We got to get people on the same page Yeah, let's go to the chart that says at the top spy VIX VVIX ratio and then the daily VIX and the VIX higher lows. Is that the one we is that the one you just did? Yeah, that's one. We just okay. That's all right then. Let's go to the next one one second So how about chart four that see what chart four say that's the TLT VIX VVIX, right? Okay, all right. We'll go to that. Okay. Thank you. Okay All right The point I was trying to make a big size trying to confirm that the bigger trend is up Which is all those other charts. Yes, and the reason why I got out yesterday is because of this TLT VVIX ratio, right? That's the reason why I got out yesterday, right? So what I'm saying is the bigger trends up the short-term trend at best the sideways and probably going to see a pullback in the Coming days and the reason why I got out yesterday is because of the TLT VVIX ratio Yeah, this is like an early warning. I kind of like it. I think that yeah, right. Okay, great And so anyhow back in July the market was going up. Yeah, and Making higher highs and this ratio is making lower highs and remember on the radio We got it. You know, I just said that we got out in July. No, I remember this one. Yeah, big time Yeah, and I showed you that ratio. That's the reason why I got out in that ratio Yes, and also I said going into the October 27th low. Yeah This is one of the reasons why I got back in the market because this ratio is going to make it higher Lows why the SP is making lower lows, right? And so now you got the ratio kind of you got the SP's kind of going sideways up a little bit Yeah, well that sideways and this ratio is going right through the floor, right? Gone straight down. Yeah, so that's a bearish divergence That's one of the reasons why I got out of the market. I get it. Yeah, and sometimes You know, you can you can go These diversions have been last several days even a couple of weeks if you look at the July high Most of July was showing a divergence So I kind of just waited and they got lucky you got close to the highs, but for now You know the market upside it's just having a lot of trouble and we're also running into the July highs there So we're not seeing a sign of strength through those highs and we got this ratio TLT VIX ratio going straight down why the SP's are kind of holding up the highs So to me, that's a very sign. So what it's going to do Well, my opinion flip to chart five, okay? And this is the same thing, but the charts kind of blown up Yeah, if you look at the bottom window there, you can kind of see the versions Yes, he's been going sideways. Yes, it looks like about November 20th sideways Maybe up a little bit since November 20th And if you look at at that ratio the ratio made a high around November 20th and since then it's been trending down and I did a Pibonacci relationship from the October low up to the the recent high and That's a 21 or 38.2% retracement comes exactly where that gap is and that gap is right around that 444 area I think that's probably where we're going to go. So it's only a 38.2% retracement. It's no guarantee We'll get there. I'm not a I don't have a crystal ball in front of me I don't really have enough evidence to go short right and I may not go short because You know the market doesn't have to go down It just could go sideways and and I just put up this this so as you're watching Tiger TV folks You can see what Tim's talking about. I mean, it's amazing that that gap is right at 38% man I mean just like right on And it's a big gap so it's it's a it is a big gap folks Okay, so the real bottom line is that what's interesting Tim today is that you know the NASDAQ's getting hit and The gap inside of the NASDAQ. I mean, it's going right after it right now You know, this is the end the X100 rather You know, that's off 128 points and that gap actually starts at 15,000 726 and we actually hit 15,000 825 Yeah, so it's still a hundred points off of but but we get to just this is really cool man. Okay Yeah, so get to just a lot of times, you know the NASDAQ kind of leaves the S&P markets absolute That's that will outperform the S&P. Yeah, you know, and absolutely. So yeah, pretty cool Yeah, that may or may not happen But that you know that right now that I think that's a logical conclusion is that yes I may get that pullback and and now how to identify that pullback as we'll go on the shows, you know the next Week or two whatever right wherever this pullback starts. Maybe it won't put there Maybe it will but it does get there. You'll have to have panic in the ticks and trend We'll discuss that when we get that pullback right need to get that pullback and we'll help identify You know through the football ratios and actually the trend is my favorite tool for his panic totally But and you know folks, okay if you missed the workshop that Tim did it was an amazing workshop about Identifying, you know the lows that were out there, you know He went through all of these So it's really cool man because you know it's gonna be amazing Tim is that if we only get a point point three a Two pullback and your panic. It's like amazing when you think about it, right? But that's what's happened on the last couple pullbacks. They think it's the end of the world man Do you know what I mean? And the panic came in pretty quick. It seems like I came in pretty quick, you know Yep, yep, it did So we're gonna have some music here about we are just stay right there. We're gonna be coming right back folks We're gonna do we get that three more shots to go through Dow right now up 369 that's XI down 104 recipes are off three and a half. They're right there folks to come right back Welcome back folks Tim or Tom over there We do appreciate you growling a problem on us and don't forget folks You can hold a Tim any trading day at all or D hyphen oracle calm. That's all hyphen oracle calm We're on the TLT VVIX chat him All right, we're kind of done with that. That's what okay may develop in the coming days. So that's what Any other possibilities? Okay, so now I got the oh good. Okay. Let's have some fun here We got the RSI with the GDX and here we go. Okay All right. Yeah, we presented this chart on the Your program before yes back in August 23rd. I This church actually pretty good it buddy. I wanted to go through it one more time But the blue lines on the chart above Are the times when the RSI falls RSI of the bullish percent index for the gold miners index flash GDX Ratio when the RSI falls below 30 then closes above 30. Yes, I went when Are triggered bicycles for this for this method and it works pretty well But I wouldn't point out back on August 23rd That ratio or the RSI of this ratio fell below 30 close above 30 Which is a bi-signal and right after it went black below 30 again and triggered another bicycle on October 4th Okay, so The point the point was is a very unusual to get a double bicycle actually the last time that happened was in 2022 something similar that happened. So You know the signal was was accurate better gave another bicycle right after it. Yes, so we had to you had to Set through some pain before you got another bicycle So it called a low in August and it called another low in October the October low Obviously was a better one to catch because You know it screamed down scream right back up right so anyhow I just want to point that out But it is on a bicycle now. We've got the trend going up these signals sometimes last a year It's not sometimes longer so it's with the Chart number seven. Okay There we go. This is kind of where we are right now. So the bigger trend is up You can see the August low came in around 28 or so. Yes, and the October low comes in 26 or so 25 something in there, but the whole pattern Is my opinion the head and shoulders bottom the head was the October low The the August low was the right left shiller Yes, the right shiller was in November low and you had a sign of strength through that neck line Which is that blue line right there? So now you have support at 30 because you jumped the neck line now that becomes four doesn't have to pull back down to that neck line But it could and that's that that when we talk in this Tim that we did this on Tuesday, correct? They had jumped. Yeah, yeah, I think right Monday Monday Tuesday Why twice red market just accelerated volume was huge volume to man I mean we ended up with 40. Yeah, 41 million shares folks It blew away every one of those swing points to 38 was the biggest swing point and 21 so pretty cool, man Okay, go ahead. That's really you know, you know what you want to pick up out of this folks Which Tim is saying is that when you do break these you have to break them with the sign of strength So your probability goes higher. Would that be correct? Yeah? Yeah? Yeah, you are correct We this is only 30, you know, this was like the fourth or fifth time up Yes, 30 so to get through it You can't just go up there and test it a lot of volume could ain't gonna go through it Right, you jump to it with a really a flap in the face to get through it. So now that becomes support Yeah, and the bottom two windows exit The bottom window is the up-down volume percent with an 18-day average, okay? And I deleted one of those lines at minus 10 But anyhow when both those indicators are above minus 10 You got an uptrend going in the market and all that blue stuff on the chart is when that indicator both indicators are above minus 10 I see and okay when the indicator is below minus 10 on both of them That's when all the pink areas are in there interesting Okay, you you got above minus 10 on both indicators back in You know looks like a right around Thanksgiving time frame. Yes, you know, right? And so it's you got a gap up there things turn green and so you got another chance to get through that that Resistance of 30 which it did and so far we're in the green area But the blue area and so in my opinion, you know, as long as those two indicators hold above minus 10 The other end should continue, you know pretty cool pulling back now Kind of curled over. I think it's just a normal consolidation. I don't think right We're going to pull back much. I guess at worst case we may pull back at 30 But you know, sometimes when these rallies go they don't let you in particularly in the gold market Tim, right? Yeah, especially in the bull market.  Okay, I have the next one up. Yep. Here we go to that one. Okay. I have it up All right, this this chart now this defines the bigger trend it doesn't it doesn't attempt to make the Every wiggle in the market this gets you along out It gets you along after the lows and get you out after the tops. Yes They get you in the main trend, right? So you want this chart in your favor and so it gave of a sell signal back in 2012 and It stayed short or stayed out of the market all the way into 2016 low got you a little bit late, but got you in Kept you in for 2016 to 2018 got you out in that sideways kind of consolidation Okay, got you back in at 2019, which is the next blue line. Yeah kept you in for another year and a half and got you out and Looks like about 2000 January 2021 you got out and pretty much you've been out since 2021 and now you're right at that mid-bolinger band to get a signal you need a Close above the mid-bolinger band on both of them. Okay, so so all those The blue and red lines are time when both those indicators close Above the mid-bolinger band. That's the blue line when it closes below the mid-bolinger band That's the red line. So this mark this one picks out the trend and most these trends You know, you got trends from 2012 2016 now four years Most these trends are at least a year and a half And it got you out in 2021 just about ready to get you back in 2000 And you know, maybe this year or first part next year But once it gets it gets long it's it stays long for you know, years No, which is so cool, man. No, I get it. It's almost like a point-and-figure Deal folks point and figure, you know, it's a good system, but it gets you in later Get you out later, but it's a very accurate type of system interesting man Yeah, because they listen when we look at the you know, the GDX in general It's only a 30 in the high was 66.  I think we're in a time frame Where this chart to turn up is we've been going according to this chart Momentum in the up up down volume and advanced client indicators have been in general week all the way since 2021 yes, so in general, you had a hard time making money over the last three years Yep, and gold sock that they really didn't have performed. Absolutely. Once these once these things turn up It could be like a good like 2000 remember back 2000 Listen, there's no doubt folks and what ends up happening, you know The longer that you build cause folks the higher that you can go and that's what Tim is saying that this is a three-year Deal that we're going through. Well, listen Tim. It's always a pleasure, man You have a great weekend a safe weekend and we look forward speaking you on Tuesday All right. Thank you. Thanks, man. Stay right there folks. You come right back


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