As an old saying in the army, the longest march always begins with the first step. By the same token, the greatest battle usually begins with one word, one simple code word which becomes a symbol of the whole operation. So it happens that the battle for New Britain begins with the word overpower, the secret army code word. And it means that at a certain time, at a certain place, American troops will land on the Jap-held island of New Britain. It's a tough island to crack. The Japs gave it plenty of teeth. A powerful naval base at Rabaul, good airstrips, and over 100,000 troops spotted in different places and expecting a visit. And besides Japs, there's always the jungle. Never before in history has a large-scale war been fought on such difficult battlefields. Looks pretty, doesn't it? Pretty is a picture and a pre-war travel advertisement. But how is it to live in? Ask Joe Soldier, a jungle-clad paradise crawling with bugs, snakes, and lizards, spiders. Ask him about sweating out a march through blazing equatorial heat. Ask him about the smell, that wet stench of the jungle. Yes, and don't let him forget to mention those tropical sunsets, bringing the malaria mosquito. An attack is prepared in staging areas where the men are rehearsed for the job, quietly, secretly, systematically. Men and equipment start moving into three separate areas along this coast. This is done so there'll be no large concentration of troops in any one spot to tip off the plan. A task force is a miniature army tailored for a particular job. This one consists of a regiment from Texas, a battalion of artillery and service troops, quartermasters, signal corps, engineers, and medicos. They know what this staging area means. A jumping-off place for something big. Out here, housekeeping starts from the ground up. You pick yourself a place and start chopping. It used to be hard work mowing the lawn on Sunday afternoons. Try mowing kunai grass with a machete. Meantime, a couple of hundred miles to the north, the second task force marches into their staging area to prepare for their part in the operations. These men have seen something of jungle fighting. They're marines, and they cut their teeth on glattle canal. In the third staging area, it's more marines, more guns, more shells, more thorns to press into the side of Tojo's Island of New Britain. On back of the men come the trucks, the half tons, the jeeps, the bulldozers, a community on wheels, carrying the thousand and one needs of a task force, food for bellies and gun barrels, canvas for cover, wires for communication, the tools of a jungle army. When the lot is cleared, you stretch out your house. It doesn't take long. Just fasten the ceiling, get under the center pole and hoist, and leave plenty of slack on those ropes. The first rain will do the tightening. Nudging out elbow room in this wilderness and getting your stuff across swamps and streams is pretty rugged, but it's good practice for jungle warfare. Bridges need plenty of attention. Mountain rains can swell leaves stream to torrents that can drown the truck, and transportation is important out here. When it comes to jungle construction, you can't beat a fuzzy wuzzy. Uncle Sam has thousands on his payroll. The foreman checks everything. Thatched roofs keep out most of the rain, some of the heat, and none of the bugs. And don't think these builders don't know the value of money.  Here's where that Boy Scout training comes in handy. And this lad is an awfully tough critic. Outfits sprawl over a staging area for miles. It's a signal cord job to tie them together with telephone lines. Not much like hometown telephone poles, but the technique of climbing them hasn't changed a bit. The nerves run back to the brain. This switchboard at headquarters will handle a thousand calls a day. Orders, reports, requests, instructions to field phones out where the jungle begins. When a jeep or a truck is issued to a driver, that's his baby, and he keeps it clean. The old swimming hole, jungle style. It's the bath, shower, and laundry combined.  This may not be your favorite cafeteria, but it's the only one handy right now. And it's the quartermaster's job to see that the army is fed wherever they are. There's a mess of vitamins that'll patch your ribs, but don't get us wrong. We still like home cooking. These are the canvas cities that Joe Solger built out of jungle and kunai grass. Like their forefathers, these troops have tamed the corner of wilderness into a temporary home. Five forty-five, and the day begins. And you can't do this with a family sink. And now to work. It begins with the task force commander giving the details of the job to the men who are going to do it. There will be two landings on New Britain. The first at Arroway to divert the jabs from the mainlanding a few days later at Cape Gloucester. Arroway is a peninsula. A small force will make a landing up here in the enemy's rear, they hope, and move down the peninsula to join with the main forces who will land along here. Complete surprise is the main thing. Hit fast and hard. Gain a foothold before the jabs can move a large force against you. That's what unit leaders are telling them. A soldier has to know what he's supposed to do, where he's supposed to do it, and why. And this is the time to check your weapons. A gun jam on a beach head might happen only once. The same thing is going on up in the marine staging area. Weapons, equipment, and the men themselves get a personal once over. Anti-aircraft protection stays on its toes, just in case. Thirty-seven millimeter anti-tank teams have to load, aim, and fire almost simultaneously. They can get off about 30 rounds a minute. It's rumored that a lone-star governor once said, By God, if the United States ever goes to war, Texas will go with it. And here she is. There'll be artillery, too, for knocking out jabs' strong points. Sometimes it takes a flamethrower to burn out a pillbox. They work well in jungle warfare and nip installation. Native fighters, or bongs, as they're called, give our troops a few tips on the technique of jungle fighting. Training is carried out under simulated battle conditions, and soldier, those aren't pebbles hitting the stream. You've got to know how to fire at sounds, too, because jungle fighters seldom see each other alive. The last stages of training begin aboard the ships that will carry the troops to their mission. This practice ends in a full dress rehearsal. Two detachments are going to make the landing in rubber boats. It takes a lot of practice to handle these. It's dangerous, plenty dangerous. No protective armor, no more speed than your own paddle power. Regular types of landing craft may have trouble getting over the core reef at our weight, so buffalos and alligators have been selected to bring the first wave of assault troops ashore. What's an alligator? It's an amphibious tank. What's a buffalo? It's an amphibious tank, too, but it's got more armor. They look like bad dreams, and they'll deliver the first punch. And now let's hear what the general thinks. The secret of your success is your squad and platoon leaders. They must get hold of their outfits and control them, but control doesn't mean bunching. The buffalos will land in a wave. From then on, their tanks, they crash through the underbrush. They knock out trees, followed by riflemen.  What do you do? You circle it, infiltrate, use grenades, and don't make the mistake of stopping to help a man who gets hit. You haven't got time. Let the medical man pick them up. So now it's up to you. You can only go forward. You can't go back. There'll be nothing to go back to. Just grab a piece of beach and start shoving. Are there any questions? Now comes the parade of men and supplies. The loading, the checking, the counting, the packing. It's the war of logistics. Adding up to the final question mark. Will the troops who make the landing have what they need, where they need it, and when they need it? The training is over. Rehearsals are over. This is it. Remember, this is only one of three task forces, and it's going to make the landing at our way a few days ahead of the big staff at Gloucester. The commander-in-chief who is responsible for the coordination of the whole plan comes down for the takeoff. General MacArthur and General Kruger on the right, commanding the 6th Army, and the last-minute chat with the task force commander. And what they said is a military secret. The first assault waves are ready. Time doesn't even wait on generals, and time is running out. This is goodbye, and good luck. There they go. The buffaloes and alligators are going to load on the mothership. Meantime, the main force loads aboard its transport. Once up the net, the landing craft that brought them will be hoisted aboard, and the rubber boat detachments move out to load on the destroyer that will carry them. The convoy is on its way to meet its naval escort. This is D-Day minus one. The men know that means the day before invasion. This last-minute check on weapons goes on aboard every ship, and nobody has to be told to do it now. Ammunition to fight malaria. It's the daily atabrine pill. This too happens on every ship. Last-minute instructions to officers and non-cons. It's called briefing. Whatever happens, keep contact. Message center will begin here. Get your messages back as fast as you can, of course. Keep your men dispersed. Cut out bunching. Look out for this high ground over here. You'll have to hit it from the flanks, I think. And above all, keep moving in this direction. You've all got compasses. We're at the rendezvous point. The task force commander leaves to board one of the destroyers at the escort. And now the convoy will sail through the night to Aralee. Troops ships flanked by destroyers and led by minesweepers and sub-chasers. Try to see the evening fun though dawn. Tomorrow belongs to the headlines in hometown papers. To the radio commentators and the casualty lists. But these few hours belong to each man to spend as he likes. D-Day. Detection of the naval barrage, the first assault waves, keeps circling. Awaiting the order to start in. There they go. High explosives. Calling cars to clear the beaches of small arms fire. Now it's the Air Force's turn. Throw most of the Japs. That's where the planes work them over. Strafing may not wipe out a ground force, but it keeps them ducking. There's the landing place. The first casualty result of a Jap machine gun burst. It's safe to raise your head and look at the shore now. And here's why. This is what naval barrage and air bombing can do to a shoreline. Remember, you can only go forward. You can't go back. There'll be nothing to go back to. Just grab a piece of beach and start shoving. Still a few snipers around. Patrols grow ahead of the main body to fill out the Jap's strength to locate his positions. Solved troops keep the peninsula was lightly held, but there's still plenty of Japs to comb out. You don't see many, except this kind. The objective is to push about three miles up the peninsula, then dig in and hang on. More and more troops are fed up to the rapidly advancing front by jeeps. Alligators. Buffalo. Grab is over. Now to hold on. Counter attacks may strike anywhere, anytime. Better be ready. Beach gun emplacements for all-round security. That's an air raid warning truck under the camouflage. And every man digs a place to dive into when the zeroes come. Communication keeps pace with combat. Switchboard and message center open for business. Supplies are needed faster than ships can bring them. Parachute-borne ammunition coming down. But they don't always select ideal landing places. A job for the pole line crew. That dirty pool is being converted into drinking water by the engineer water purification unit. Men may one day forget many things of this war, but never the taste of chlorine. Casualties from the front get attention in the surgical tent. The man on the table got a shell fragment in the leg. Enemy planes. This is what's left of the surgical tent filled with wounded men after a direct hit. These men, the roads are longest. Having received emergency treatment, the wounded are evacuated to hospitals in New Guinea. This landing was a complete surprise to the Japs, so resistance was light, except at the upper end of the peninsula where the rubber boats went in before dawn. They met heavy machine gun fire before they could reach the beach. The boats were destroyed. The men were scattered. They just couldn't swim and fight at the same time. But the main landing is successful. The Japs have been driven back up the peninsula. The beachhead is established. The task force commander is ready to make his report. And now for the main event. The landings on Cape Gloucester. Arroway was the faint with the left. Gloucester will be the right to the jaw. Here, here, and here. The forces will capture the airstrip and converge, setting up an American stronghold on the supply line to rebound. In the marine staging areas, it is Christmas Day. Last mass before sailing for Gloucester. Masses of men to land upon three separate beaches in the vicinity of Cape Gloucester. This is to be the main effort. It is an army made up of two task forces in the teeth of known Japs power. These two landings are the first stage of the neutralization and development of Ravel. On Christmas night, a vast convoy sets out. Gloucester, New Britain. The first assault load into Higgins boats. And the umbrella of air protection arrives on time. At the beaches, the jungle crawls with Japs. They're dug in and well fortified, but not against this. Bombardier once boasted he could hit a derby with a dime. Here's where accuracy really counts. Back of the beaches, but not too far in. And under this air cover, the invasion fleet creeps forward. Curtains of smoke to screen our landings. Here come the first waves in Higgins boats. Not ghosts from Pearl Harbor, but American boys. Tom, Dick, and Johnny. The boys are used to play baseball and the vacant lot on Saturday afternoons. The youngsters that drove geloppies and sang the popular songs. You may have wondered sometimes if they'd ever amount to anything. Well, here they are, giving everything they've got. This is jungle. These assault waves are like a hand stretched out in a dark room, feeling their way. If they are stopped here, the main force landing behind them is stopped too. Contact with the enemy. Here come the landing craft infantry called LCIs. They're bringing a main fighting strength to back up the assault wave. In the hard way, the trucks come later. Even a Jap sniper can't camouflage his scent. Fresh troops forward, wounded to the rear. It's around the next bush. So they aren't always dead. Better be sure. Carried rocket gun. Takes close teamwork. And flamethrowers did this. After the LCIs have been emptied of men, the towering LSTs, landing ship tanks, move in. Bringing everything for the establishment of a beachhead. This succession of ships, all in their proper order, thousands of men and tons of supplies have been one purpose. To keep a thin line of riflemen fighting their way forward into the jungle. Buffaloes and alligators, smashing holes in the jungle wall to pass the ammunition. Do a lot of things, but they can't swim. Crush pillboxes. Or too later, the trucks roll in. But they can't go everywhere. Ammunition is being spent fast.  Pulling, hauling, and carrying. It's all part of the same job. Bob, why are there carrying? As soon as there's any place to phone to, there's a telephone line to do it. Final protective line against counter-attack must be prepared. You may be hit from anywhere, anytime. From the flanks, or from the rear, or from the air. Enemy dive bombers. Shot into the water. Costing less than a dozen of our own. It's concentrated on the destroyer, Bronson. In wreckage, are survivors. Exhausted. Some dying. Some dead. Some with clothes blown off by the concussion of bombs. A part of 208 survivors. You will remember the Bronson when they fight again. Back at Gloucester, it had begun to rain. Folks back home are eating Christmas dinner about now. Out here is the day after. And just another day. Just one more enemy. Mud. Information gained from prisoners confirms what we know. The advance is nearing its main objective. But every step forward means some men coming back on stretchers. Sometimes it takes too long for the stretchers to arrive. Medical officers scrubbing up for emergency treatment before evacuation. The country doctor, the city surgeon. Working together 25 hours out of the 24. Part of the price of a beach landing. Yes, it's a wounded chap. Receiving decent treatment and a cigarette. On the beach the next day, wreckage. Waters. They're going back to hospitals in rare area. All of these cannot be rubbed on. We all want him brought to the state. We are paid for this. They are doing so. He is not into temptation. One day of American living. Bought. And paid for.


The leaders of the United States, Japan and South Korea met in Camp David, a traditional site for high stakes diplomacy. What is on the agenda at a time when tensions are rising in East Asia? A South African court has ordered that the government disclose contracts it signed with various entities including big pharma companies for COVID-19 vaccines. Why is this verdict important for South Africa and the rest of the world? And finally, we are at the final stage of the FIFA Women's World Cup. Spain and England are the contesting teams for the championship. What have been the highlights so far? This is Daily Debrief. These are your stories for the day. And before we go any further, if you're watching this on YouTube, don't forget to hit that subscribe button. US President Joe Biden held a meeting with Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida and South Korean President Yun Sukiyol at Camp David on Friday. Now, out of the meeting came a host of steps to strengthen ties between these countries who have anyway been moving closer in recent times. The meeting in significance is East Asia and the Pacific region has been increasingly militarized. And Japan and South Korea are both ruled by right-wing parties. So what came out of this summit and what can we expect in the coming months? We are with us, Anish. Anish, thank you for joining us. So first of all, we've been looking forward in some senses to this meeting. We've had a couple of shows before where we mentioned this as well. So what were the major conclusions of this summit at Camp David? Yeah, so it's broadly two pretty much ideas that they want to bring up, which is one is to basically condemn China and North Korea. And the other is to reinforce their commitment, their prior commitments of pushing for a stronger military alliance. The thing is that the statement, there hasn't been a joint statement yet, but what we still have is a very big set of understanding, which isn't really new. We haven't seen anything new from what they have said in previous meetings, where we've seen similar meetings in Seoul and in Tokyo. And in all of these cases, there hasn't been much difference from what they've actually said in earlier statements. But what we do understand is this is basically their attempt to create a new set of, to reinforce their force and to show off strength of sorts in the region, especially, and US trying to show off that it has to a major allies in the East right now. Now, the problem that comes with this is that when we think Camp David, it's usually used for historic summits. Now, this is something that the US has been trying very hard to push for, to at least the Biden administration has been trying to push this as some kind of a historic summit between three nations. But what we are seeing is something not very different from what has actually happened, and it didn't be advertised in the manner that it did. Because some of the things, they actually made some more significant decisions, including South Korea talking about having a sort of military deal with Japan, which is not something very different, what they did. And US is not necessary in that situation either, but definitely this is part of it. And obviously, they're doubling down on their provocations against China and North Korea in this situation. And we see them talking about aggressive behavior of these two countries in the Asia Pacific. When we look at the fact that the more aggressive military drills that US has conducted in the region, especially across the DMZ, in the last couple of months, it clearly shows the level of aggression that US and its allies have been conducting in the region. So obviously, these factors definitely come in. So what we're looking at is essentially just the same wine and new bottle. In any context, I think important to also look at the fact that the United States has always had an alliance, a very strong alliance with Japan. It has had a very strong alliance with South Korea at various points. The lot of the politics in these countries has been influenced by the US. But South Korea and Japan themselves are not really always had a very strong relationship. In fact, there has been quite substantial tension between these countries because of various historical incidents, the legacy of World War II, the Japanese imperialism that took place. So it's not that these two countries have had a very strong relationship. So has that been changing in recent times? I mean, definitely, what we are looking at under the current conservative administration in South Korea and from Seoul under Yonsekiyo, it's pretty much like what the mainstream media would say like attempts at thawing a strained relation. But it's not necessarily what we're looking at. Like prior to that, it didn't exist. Like the kind of strained relation that they're talking about is basically South Korea taking a very more pragmatic set of steps when it comes to A, its own national interest and B, its historic grievances of its own citizens. And so that is something that is very often now not playing a major role when it comes to South Korea's dealings with Japan. Now, something very important that we need to talk about, like obviously we spoke about the reparations as a matter of reparations of imperialist crimes in the Korean peninsula and how the two living survivors still have their cases in Korean courts are still continue to fight for those reparations. But the South Korean government has actually given the Japanese a way out with the new fund of its sorts where it will be South Koreans who will be paying for Japanese war crimes. But that aside, in a couple of days, we're looking at a very possible release of Fukushima's contaminated waters by Japan. And this is something that a lot of Koreans are quite divided about, not divided. Most of them are actually quite opposed to it, especially the people on the coast, the fishing community and not just the South Koreans, also the Japanese, but definitely this has been a major issue in Korea. The government had to run multiple consultation sessions where they try to apparently advise people how it is safe and whatever, trying to convince their own citizen about another country's needs. And this is something that you do not see very much, even with the most friendliest of countries. So in this case, South Korean state at the current moment, the government is not really taking the concerns of its citizenry as seriously, especially when it comes to Japan. So this rush to actually just bury the hatchet and create some kind of solid military-political alliance with a former imperialist is something that is quite an issues. And so even though you have a very pro-Japanese government at the end power, a large part of South Koreans do not really view some of these policies very favorably. And that is something that is not given as much coverage as it should be right now in the mainstream media. Thank you so much for talking to us. We'll keep tracking this issue very significantly also because it shows that the US continuing to make sure that it has a strong presence in the Korean peninsula, in Asia Pacific, in the Pacific region as a whole. Of course, people might ask why it should have such a strong presence, but that's definitely a larger question. So thank you so much for talking to us. In a crucial judgment, the court in South Africa has ordered the government to disclose contracts signed with key pharma giants for COVID-19 vaccines. The companies in question include Pfizer, Janssen, Johnson & Johnson, and also suppliers from India, China and the Global Vaccine Initiative COVAX. The ruling came after a petition from an NGO called Health Justice Initiative. Now the NGO said that it wanted to examine the legality and cost-effectiveness of such agreements. To know more about this case and its relevance, we go to Jyotsna. Jyotsna, thank you so much for joining us. Very interesting verdict from the South African court asking the government to disclose all these details. The NGO asking that they want to examine the legality of these contracts that have been signed with various companies. So could you tell us why this is significant specifically in the South African context? You have written about this. We have talked a lot about the kind of contracts that were made at that time. Many of them shouted in secrecy. Big pharma giants often benefitting. Yes, thank you Prashant. So this verdict, if I just can tell you in short what has really happened in South Africa, which is like in one sense a big victory for the access to medicine movement. And it comes at a time when otherwise things had started to look bleak because the trip's favor decision was like really a watered down decision that we saw. And there are also pandemic treaty discussions that are going on at the level of WHO and at global level. And we are seeing that there is so much of pushback by the developed countries and the developed countries and pharmaceutical companies as to not to have those provisions which can lead to access to medicines and treatments. Now in that context to have something as strong as this is quite overwhelming. So what has happened is that the activists in South Africa led by HJI Health Justice International, they asked the government during when the COVID was at its peak to really make the contracts which the government had signed with various companies for vaccines, COVID vaccines. And they asked that those contracts should be made public. These companies were Johnson & Johnson, Pfizer, etc. But those contracts were never made public and nobody knew what was contained in them. And it raised issues of transparency of accountability. People knew that there are many problems with those contracts. In fact, we had also reported for people's dispatch, if you remember, in January 2021 because some of the contracts from countries like Colombia and all were leaked and we saw that they had really problematic clauses. So HJI took it upon itself, went to the court in South Africa and asked the court to intervene in this matter. It was yesterday, it was the day before yesterday on August 17th that actually the court said the government has to make all the contracts of vaccination which was signed between the government and companies for COVID-19 vaccines. They should be made public within 10 days. So we are hoping that in 10 days we will actually have not the leaked versions but the versions which the governments put out to see how the contracts were. Right, just as we have to elaborate on this a bit further, could you maybe take us through using the example of Colombia but also generally what activists have been saying, why were some of these contracts that were signed with big pharma companies during COVID-19 problematic? So any contract which is not made public, which has used people's money is a problem, that's the principle. But especially with regard to these, because the leaked contracts showed the terms on which the companies agreed to provide vaccines to the countries and which did not include only the countries of the global south, it also included countries like the US and the UK and other European countries. If you look at the contracts, you really feel that those weren't really agreed upon between the parties who were equal but the pharma companies are so much more powerful than even some of the governments. For example, it questions sovereignty of the countries. Pfizer's contract with Colombia, for example, said that if Pfizer is providing the vaccine and the government is buying it, they are not giving it on discount or anything, right? If that is happening, if the government is buying it from Pfizer, they cannot buy it from anyone else. The government cannot decide to donate or sell it to some other country if they want to. It also had clauses like of indemnification, which is you have to put your national assets as collateral to the company in case something goes wrong, the company actually can sell the national assets. It has outrageous conditions like this. And also one of the major, major problems is because and they were all agreed upon under non-disclosure agreements, one had to sign that before getting into the contracts, that it is widely believed and people who are in the know-how know it pretty well, that the price of the vaccines actually differed from country to country. Pfizer's and Johnson's literally sold the vaccines at whatever cost they wanted and they saw which country can pay more or is agreeing to pay more. So wherever there was more misery, of course, the governments wanted more of the vaccines. They were more desperate and Pfizer made use of it. So in that sense, if we see what this verdict has done, it's something like this, people are paying for these vaccines because when governments agree or enter into any of the agreements, it is through people's money. So people pay for the vaccines. It is there to be used for people's health, but people are not the ones who know what is contained in those agreements and they should know and this is what this judgment has done. And we are hoping that this judgment will really pave the way for other governments, other countries across the world to make the contracts public and not only for the COVID-19 vaccines, but all the contracts which are agreed upon between the companies and the governments should be put in public domain. We should know how much we are paying for medicines and treatments. And when we are discussing pandemic treaty, which I mentioned in the beginning, some of these clauses should enter into these treaty discussions and be actually on paper and written in ink in future if there is any crisis of health. Right, Jyotsana, thank you so much for that input. Very interesting points you've mentioned and I think it's a very important question you raised that considering that taxpayers are paying for these vaccines, shouldn't they have the right to know what kind of conditions big pharma companies may be setting so that they are able to get what at some points are often life-saving drugs. We remember during COVID-19, vaccination was a huge problem, the kind of inequities that existed and maybe this decision could be the start of similar things. So we'll hopefully get back to you when the contracts are officially out so that we can maybe discuss some of these practices as well. But thank you so much for now. Sure, thank you. And finally, it's time for the finals of the FIFA Women's World Cup 2023 that's being held in Australia and New Zealand. England and Spain, traditional powerhouses will be contesting for the championship on Sunday. Now, this has been a very interesting tournament, great football, huge attendance and a lot of interest and some important questions about the future of women's football. To get a 360-degree picture of the tournament and the debates around it, we go to Siddhant Ani. Siddhant, we are at the very final stage and now we are at that moment where I think we can also, for one, talk about the football, talk about the incredible matches that have taken place but in some senses also talk about some of the larger questions, the larger picture that emerges out of such an important tournament like the FIFA Women's World Cup. So let's first go to the sporting side, so to speak. So the finalists have decided Spain and England, traditional powerhouses, the Australians must be disappointed losing out the semi-finals, also missing a chance the third spot because Sweden won that match. So take us quickly through the semi-finals and what lies ahead for Sunday's tournament. Finally. Yeah, Prashanta, good to be back on the beach. Like you mentioned, of course, Australia disappointed at not being able to make it to that last stage. But I think the kind of support that the tournament has received here at least in most of the cities and big urban centres in Australia, population centres, will continue for the last game. There's of course a sizeable English also community that lives in Australia and works in Australia, so they will be out in full numbers. But what we saw in terms of the quality of both those two semi-finals was again, taking it a notch up from what we've been seeing progressively as this tournament has developed. I mean, England has, and in one sense, like we talk about all the time, anyone but England, it pains us to say this, but they have been superb and become so strong the longer they have played into the tournament, the semi-final against Australia was such a fluid and controlled performance. I mean, they knew exactly what they were doing and there was this magical goal from Sam Kerr who has become, I think, if Kerr were to stand for Prime Minister of Australia tomorrow, that vote would be won. But yeah, so beyond that incredible goal and Australia had a few other chances as well, but still 75,000 plus people were there in the ground, pretty much still the final whistle, cheering them on and hoping to write down to the end some sort of any excitement or even there to appreciate the effort they've put in to get through to the semi-finals and all of that. And for Spain, it's been a big battle. 12 of their national team players actually stood up in revolt against the management of the coach who is presently there as well, Jorge Vildas, who is leading this team. They are out of those 15 players, 12 have actually not been included in the squad. So they will be watching their teammates play the final from back in Spain while the issues continue to exist. They have not been addressed successfully by the Spanish Federation and we've seen how Prashant also that part of the story is something that has been sort of that resonates with women who are playing this sport across, whether you're from the developed western world or you're from Papua New Guinea who played their first women's World Cup, the conditions with which sort of the women's game is organized, handled, the levels of corruption, the fact that there's very little safeguarding and also mechanisms to sort of address issues when they come up. So whether it's Spain and like I was saying, Papua New Guinea Federation, I was talking to a friend who has come down from there and they were talking about the kind of stuff that's going on with their team as well. So extremely difficult situation in which all of these teams have sort of managed to get the sport to this level. And many, many people who have played a sort of founding role in that entire movement actually unable to participate in these joyful moments and the part that, you know, the glory aspect of sport. But I think many of them are appreciated by the wider community and also there is an understanding that this is now with the kind of explosion in terms of revenue, money, dollars that are being talked about with regard to this kind of women's sporting events. Everyone will come in for a slice of that pie, right? So for it to be any different structurally from what is happening already in men's football, those conversations are now starting to take place. Nice that you ended with that point because I believe Ghana Infantino, the president of FIFA also delivering a speech and also leading to quite a few discussions on what this tournament means for women's football as a whole. Like you said, the whole question of whether it's going to follow exactly the patterns of men's football. Interesting questions which I think, of course, they won't be an answer immediately, but some interesting debates it looks like. Yeah, absolutely. Absolutely. Prasan Thanet also shows like how kind of with blinders, sports administrators at these highest levels have been looking at, you know, all the, I think, and this could probably apply to any women's sport. It's always from a male perspective and how the structures are and how those can be then replicated and lead to sort of building, you know, another property that becomes something that makes a profit. Like Infantino in his speech among, he said some, again, as is the norm. We remember the speech that he made in Qatar, where he felt all kinds of things and I think social media really quite effectively sort of critiqued that approach and it's much worse here where once again he's reiterated that women and speaking to women, that women need to convince us men what we need to do to change the sport, etc., etc. is essentially that a space needs to be carved out in the men's game. Whereas I think the women who have been fighting for this space to begin with are perhaps of the opinion that they can create their own space and they don't need to be attached to the same format. After all, FIFA, as well as these organized associations that control the sport in many countries have played a pivotal role in ensuring that women's sport or women's football, sorry, remains as underdeveloped, underfunded, under whatever it is as possible. It was banned in several countries for many, many years and federations had to act independently. The World Cup started unofficially only as late as the 90s that we actually had this kind of an event to begin with. So if the structure is not already so entrenched, then why not build a system that also takes on the learnings from the professional game that men have already, that already happens as far as the men are concerned, the problems with club football of which there are many and most are sort of finance and that kind of, right? And so create a structure that is possibly more equal, more egalitarian or at least there's some semblance of it. And beyond looking at these showcase events Prashant, because close to $600 million in revenue have been generated by the FIFA Women's World Cup 2023. And yet the FIFA president tells us that they have barely broken even, right? And this does not perhaps account for the expenses made by the city of Sydney, the government of New South Wales. So taxpayers' money that has gone into various projects related to this event. And so for example, after that semi-final in Sydney, when those 75,000 people were trying to get back to wherever they were, there was a massive drain breakdown. And these breakdowns are happening. Of course, the people running the trains are saying that there was vandalism. But if you look a little bit further, the unions have been fighting against understaffing, underfunding for security reasons and maintenance issues, not having enough people to do the kind of work that it requires to run a network. And especially if you're going to get so many more thousands on that network in a very concentrated period, it leads to issues. So from a very, that kind of micro level to a global level conversations, I think have been happening Prasanthana host of issues. Of course, when it comes to FIFA and these organized kind of symposiums and conventions, the track tends to be what these guys wanted to be, which is essentially very much focused on building marketing and those kind of things. But we have to see how some of these programs span out over the next few years. Yeah. And we have at least a fantastic final to look forward to because two top teams playing Prasanthana on Sunday. And again, one more chance to perhaps have some concluding conversations around this event. Right, Siddhanth. Thank you so much. We'll look forward to the final and maybe have one more conversation, like you said, on the conclusions of this World Cup and what it means. Thank you so much. Thanks Prasanth. And that's all we have time for in this weekend episode of Daily Deep Brief. Don't forget to visit our website peoplesdispatch.org. Don't forget to come to our YouTube channel, watch our videos from across the world of people's movements, of issues of geopolitical interest, and don't forget to hit that subscribe button. See you on Monday.


It smelled like they had been sniffed. Ha ha ha! So good! Welcome back to the channel, y'all. We are here in Paradise, Jimmy Land. We don't have the rain today, so it's gonna be fun time and hopefully be able to catch some big bass with Jimmy Houston. That doesn't sound very bad at all, does it? Yeah, I think it's gonna be a fun day. Check out the water from the rain. All the rain we had, I figured it might murk it up, but no, it's not murky because it has gorgeous grass in it. And I was also looking for Lucy. She's the star deer around here and she sleeps on the back deck and I just found her. So she just, she's just waking up for the morning. So before we get to fishing, let's go say hi to Lucy. Good morning. Good morning, Lucy. How are you? Good morning. So she sleeps out here on this little bedding scenario where deer can come and sleep and feel safe. How are you doing this morning? Are you doing good? Are you doing good? Yeah, you're shedding. You're shedding, girl. She'll literally just go up to the windows. Jimmy makes her breakfast, feeds it to her in a bowl. It is incredible. And she had a little mishap. She got caught in a fence or something. And so she's got a, she's got a couple of battle scars, but y'all petting a deer is just a weird feeling. Okay, Lucy, you wanna go fishing? You wanna go fishing today? Yeah? She's all about it. Look at that tongue action. I'm gonna go get some tackle ready.  Is this the horse we're riding in on right here? Yeah. Yeah, we'll go ahead and take this mule here. Okay. Goin' fishing with the man himself, Jimmy Houston. We're going catching. We're not just going fishing. We're going catching. Now that's pretty brazen to say something like that. When we've got big rain come in here, now we got bluebirds skies. Everybody says it's the worst kind of day. We're gonna take the worst kind of day and make it the best kind of day. I love that. Exactly what we're gonna do. He is a positive all the time. Every day is gonna be a great one. Every day. Did you feed Lucy this morning? I fed Lucy this morning. She got her Cheerios and carrots and grapes and bread and vanilla cookies. I walk in the woods and I don't see her around. I just go start walkin' in the woods and pretty soon she shows up. She's right there with me.  That's why I'm dingin'. Yeah, you're dingin'. I just thought you was a little dingy. No, I'm not. It's kind of like going fishing. We're going fishing a little dingy. These are Ranch Road Laws, people. Ranch Road Laws. You have this lake out here that one of them, the dam busted on. Right, back in 2015, so it was five or six years past that. That one's coming back. We caught some good fish out of that yesterday. This one we're going to today is a bit older. There's some bigger fish in it. I built, it does have, I caught 11 pounder out of it this year and we might catch a really giant fish today, obviously. But I built this lake in 2003, 2005.  It's pretty low right now. We haven't had much rain yet for this year's rain. We got about an inch lower than an inch, an inch three yesterday. But the lake will come up, we get these rain rains. But it's down kind of low, but one of the things that I've always liked about fishing lakes when they're a little bit low is the fish didn't have new, new swimming places to hide. Some of their hidey places is dry land, so they got to be in the water. This is a dream come true, y'all. I know that's a cliche, but literally me and my dad growing up watching Jimmy on TV and, you know, hey, Sugar Booga, man, y'all, me, all that. And now I'm going fishing with Jimmy today. You know, we've been doing that show for 45 years and you'll remember this sometime down the road. You'll remember me telling you this, but it just seems like that we just started this television show yesterday and I can remember some of the early deals and all the early trials and tribulations and getting the television show started. Of course, that was way back before things like YouTube and Facebook and Instagram and all the stuff that is a big part of media today. And unfortunately, television is still a big part of media, but you know, if somebody would have said, do you think there's any possibility that you'll be doing this 45 years from now and you're going, not a chance, not a chance. But it happens, it happens in a hurry, but you know, when you spend 45 years running around the country fishing and meeting all the great people you get to meet and fish with, it's just like a blessing.  Well, you've had one pack of a life in the fishing industry. Oh, here they are. One on the outside, he's visiting over here saying, why don't y'all open that gate, let me in there. And the one on the outside might be the opposite. All those on the inside might be, look how big they are, isn't it? They're just such huge animals. They're horses.  And yet they can run through the woods with the big racks, these are all cows. I saw a young bull the other day, a five by five. I still had his horns left over from last year. You see the baby over there on the other side, you can just barely see the baby. Oh, listen, listen, okay. He's bare, he's bare. Get out of dodge. Floating away.  There's some white tail over there. I saw a turkey this morning. Yeah. Oh, I thought you just talked about me. You're talking about a wild one. Okay.  Yeah, sometimes. This is the Jimmy Rig right here. We are ready to rock and roll. Got a very good rain. Everything's wet and everything will dry out in this wind, I promise you. We can get across on that wall over on that other side and get out of a lot of this wind. One of the reasons we get out of a lot of the wind is pretty chilly. That wind's cold this morning. It doesn't sound good when it starts. Does that spinning and cranks up? She's telling the fish, I'm here. I'm here to play. You can swim, but you can't hide, especially with life's scope. All right, go see if we can find a bunch of crappie right off the bat. I wanna go look in one little place. I love it. I know you love crappies. Excellent eating. Yeah, that too.  I know. Golden crispies. Friends. Look at that beautiful sugar bogey, Jimmy. Back in the boat, big YouTube guy. I'm a big YouTube guy, gotta be. Oh man. That fish on the jig looks like. Gotta love it. Ah, yes sir. Oh, can I give it a sniff, Jimmy? You can sniff that when I look. Okay. I don't know, I've been kissing a few that smelled like they had been sniffed. So good. That is a good fish right there, man. Beautiful. Beautiful bass. That one picked it up kinda funny. It started swimming towards the boat and I had to catch up to it. Black and blue jig. I might have to. Yeah. Yeah. Pretty baby doll. Pretty baby doll. Yeah. I think they smell like honeysuckle. Oh. That one was getting up on the bank. This is a tasty one. You thought he was, didn't you? No. When I first hooked it, it loaded up real nice and I was like, oh. Yeah. I ate it. He ate it, had it down deep in it. Well, that's not the 11-pounder I told you was right here in this spot. There is a 11-pounder in this spot. Not quite. That's her little boyfriend. Yeah, that was on the same one. Oh, God. Monkey, huh? They pulled it and baited him. They did, they're doing that every time on the crawls. You know, Jimmy said there's 11-pounder in there and I gotta buy it. I put the full hook set on it. All right, Sugar-Bugger, I'm coming for you. Got him. That's a big one. That's a big one, I'm serious. Well, no, it ain't no 11-pounder. Oh, I thought that was the one, Jimmy. Yeah, I'm a-going. It's a nice fish, but you've got me dreaming. Jimmy's got a tendency to do that. Get you hyped up, love it. Not quite an 11. He could have been well, he might be something. But, Jimmy's on her. A lot of people have caught 11-pounders in his kitchen before they got there. Yeah, if it would have got off, you know, 10 feet from the boat, I would have told you. Definitely that 11-pounder. Oh, my gosh, they're doing it again. I mean, just, there's another one. He's got it. Man, they're doing, he's got it again. Got him that time. Got him that time. Yeah, that's good. Yeah. Technically caught at this point, but. I like to sniff them. I like to get a little closer. That fish, and Jimmy might be right. There might be a few. There might be a few more in there. But it was a, bam, hit my bait. Nothing. And then it swimming it back to make another cast that hit it. Hit it again, so. Beautiful. See ya. All right, little update here. Well, Pat, he's getting in the other boat. He's gonna get some other wide shots. We got the Tucker boys over there and the old tracker. All right, dude. Yeah, but just in case he fell in, but yeah. Yeah, exactly. So tell it, tell me what we got going on here. What's the bite so far? We got a good situation going on right here. He just got in that tree back here and got three bites on one cast. Finally caught the fish on the third bite. And then I told him, I said, that could be a big, big bunch of fish right there since you got three bites. Could've been the same fish. And now we've caught about, what, seven or eight out of that one tree? Or right here in this area. I've got a big football head jig on and I'm dropping it, but it's three quarters. So it gets, you know, we're only at 12 or 14 foot of water. So it gets to the bottom pretty quickly. So I'm mostly swimming that thing. And, you know, just kind of jigging it and swimming it. And most of them are biting that bait swimming as opposed to fishing it on the bottom or dropping like we do a normal jig. We're kind of switching fishing a bait, a jig that you fish on the bottom. We're kind of fishing it like a swim jig. Looks like a bluegill or crawfish. Yeah, it just looks like a bluegill or crawfish or shad. Had that one. They had gum. And they keep doing that little pincher bite thing. Yeah. And that's crazy right there. So there's like a wad of fish out here, y'all. There's, and of course, what's happened and what happens when you have, when you have multiple fish at a big school like that is when you catch them, they're like chickens. They follow the other ones and they end up a lot of times, they end up a lot of times being out here around your boat, close to your boat. Look at that. Woo hoo. That's a catch. Got it. I like it. I like the Jimmy rule. I love the Jimmy rule. So we're just going to smash your barb down. That's a barbless hook rule. So true. Can't do it if you've got live hooks. I'm just getting kind of miserably low. Oh. You're right back there, son of a man. My trigger went off. Wait, you go. I was going to try to snipe that one from you. Oh, he's still following it. He's still following it. That's the bees, that's the bees. Figurate it.  He ought to eat it. There you go. No. There you go. Oh man, I wonder, I wonder if that one's on a bed or something. Yeah. That one in that tree. Yeah, there was another one about that size that chased my jig just a second ago. I missed that one. I was earlier. Nope. Nope. There was a single. That's just beautiful hook right in the schnoz right there. That's a good fish. Perfect. Perfect right in the top of the hand. Just perfect fat belly. Got to love it. Man, Jimmy, you got some healthy ones. Very healthy. Beautiful. It's been a long time since I've watched fish hit it in clear water. Little flat runners. 42. Close enough. Close enough. I think we're going to cross. Maybe not. Got him. That's a good one. Man, they're all up on this flat. That one's got a little black spot on it's lip. Little dot. OK, I see the edge of the pond here. Oh, there. Runner. Oh, that's a fighter. He aimed for that. Oh, yeah. He aimed for that. There he was. He was trying to get there. We caught 41, 42. I think it was 43. That's another one, a black spot on it's lip. Well, I like the idea that it's a healthy fish, so that's a healthy fish. That is super healthy. That one that was caught that you had up there on that tree with your baby was on that tree, that fish just came up and caught it from behind. Oh, there he is. Up there in the dirt. That was in the dirt, man. That's a decent one. Pretty fish. Look at that.  Yes, boom.  I don't know if I can lift you, you've got a big belly. Yeah. There we go. Yeah, that's nice. Mm, thick. Love to see it. Woo, gotta love it. Man, this is so much fun, Jimmy. Oh my gosh, y'all. We've got on a little bite here.  Can't stop Jimmy, though. Can't stop Jimmy. He's energized or bunny. He won't quit fishing. Everybody's trying to go in for lunch. He's like, no, I'm going to catch a big one here on this point. I have a feeling he does that every day, Pat. Probably knows. Incredible day. We're going to go in, get a little bite to eat, then we're going to come back out here. I think these big fish are going to move up in this shallower water. And we'll catch a real nice one. But can't complain.  Parker right here, come back after we have a little bite to eat, little locale bluebell. Like a style. So far, all the action has been really good. And it seems like these fish are wanting it on the swim. And I can't remember the last time I've caught so many fish, both this lake and the lake we're fishing today. Swimming the jig, it's not like they're hitting it as it's on the bottom. We're having to crawl it. They're wanting it kind of moving. But there's one more thing we need in this video today. And this is just a personal, awesome thing for me to remember forever.  That is just a dream come true type stuff. Get a photo on the wall. Get him to sign it sort of thing. So got to go do that. And that is the ultimate like button smash. It has already been awesome just being here. But oh, man, if we can do that, let's go see what old Lucy thinks about it so far. See what she thinks the weather conditions are going to bring. Judging by the deer's actions right now, the ones I've seen, they're all bedded up. So I hope the bass aren't doing the same. We're going to go catch some more bass, OK, Lucy? You good with that? OK, round two with Jimmy. After lunch. The after lunch special. There's something we got to do. I need this photo for my house. We have to keep a couple of five pounders. Five pounders sounds good. A couple of five pounders and take a nice photo. A sniff and a kiss. Sniff and a kiss. Oh, my. I'll put that over the nightstand, you know? Put it in your bedroom. Yeah. Can't get any better than that. When you get 100,000 subscribers on YouTube, which is very soon. It's not too far away. We're a little bit over 90,000 right now. And when we have 100,000 on YouTube, we're going to draw a coupon out. And we've got a name and number for everybody's coupon in a big golden hopper. I always wanted a golden hopper. I have a golden hopper. And we're going to draw that out. We're going to draw of our people, one for YouTube and one for our Facebook followers. And they will win a trip here to fish with me on this lake. They can bring a friend.  They can bring one person with them. And we'll fish here on the ranch. They need to send their name and city and state. We don't need their address. Like Joe Jones, Muskogee, Oklahoma, text that to our Pocon phone number, which is the order we take our Pocon orders on in November. He also has a Pocon farm here. Yeah,<PHONE_NUMBER>. And if you have an email address and you want to give it to us, you can put that email address down. And then when we hit 100,000, we're going to draw the winner out. And a red coupon, one of them for YouTube and a blue coupon, one for Facebook, and then win a fishing trip right here. Chance of a lifetime. I already saw the, what did you call it, the golden? The golden hopper. The golden hopper. The golden hopper. I already saw it. It's a real thing. I need to subscribe. So subscribe. Link down below. You can go check out Jimmy's channel and subscribe and sign up. And you can come out here, too. You can come and fish, right, Ace? With Jimmy. Get on. You got one. Oh, what have you got? The healthy one. Yeah, nice one. Nice one, Dave. Oh, that's not being big of a day. First one of the afternoon. Yeah. Healthy, healthy, healthy. That's right. Start the afternoon off out here. First bite of the afternoon. Yeah. Dandy. Oh, that was a crappy. That was a crappy. That was a crappy. I was like, what do you want? I want a good one. I want a good one. I want a good one. I want a good one. Oh, that was a crappy. A crappy. Yeah, black crappy. See, this is what I like about Jimmy Houston. I fish with other people.  They're like, ah. Me? Jimmy? We're turning the boat around. You can get the crappie jig for a second. Oh, oh, yep. Crappie bite. Little crappie nibble right there. Yep.  Getting a little snippy. Got that one. There we go. There we go. Beautiful. Now that is one of the best ways in the world to find and catch a messy crappie. Get one to hit a bass bait. Get one to hit a bass bait. And looky there. Look at that pair. Get that pair with you. Look at that. Yeehaw. There you go. All right, little crappies. There you go. See you later. Beautiful crappies. Pretty good job. Oh, yeah. Nice one. Oh, my gosh. Eat it on top.  Oh, Jimmy, no. Eat it on top. Burning that swim jig. That was a good one. I bet it could have been the same one. Oh, yeah. Man, it ran. Halfway across the pond. Lose the big one. Fun nonetheless. On top, too, in the dirt. Pretty good fish, too. I think so. Oh, yeah. Nice fish. Oh, yeah. In the dirt, baby. Oh, it's down. Down the hatch. That's what I'm talking about. That's what I'm talking about. That's one of them sugarbuggers. Dang, you got him. Maybe not. Swim jig bass. Man. That is cool. That is cool. That's it. That eat was just like the ones on your spinnerbait. It was up on the top and it was just so exciting. And you just wanted it fast. Oh, he pulled off right there. I saw him. I saw him. I saw him. Cops. Cops. That was a little one. All right, so I just switched up my jig trailer to a little chartreuse color. Chartreuse pepper. And I'm just swimming this like a spinnerbait. I saw Jimmy catch him waking his spinnerbait on the surface and they were eating it like a topwater. So I just put on a little bit bigger trailer on this quarter ounce. I started reeling it on top and I've had two topwater strikes on it. One being a really good one. So that's just five dimes. Reeling it in and getting bopped. Oh, gosh. Big one ate it right there. Oh, man. Oh, goodness. Ah, it's a good one. Oh, man. Oh, goodness. See if I can... I'll take some more of that. What was that order number? So I'm rigging this swim jig. Extremely simple. But there's two plastic keepers on this hook shank right here. And for the cracking craw, which puts out a ton of vibe, it's going to lift your jig a lot. So just be mindful of that. If you want to get it down a little deeper, you could put a more subtle plastic on there. But taking that top section off, feeding it through, coming straight out the top, get it on both plastic keepers. Make sure to separate those tails. And this is just black and blue, which I really just throw black and blue or some sort of like green pumpkin color, usually white in the fall. But usually a darker color in the springtime. And then I just had a wild here and threw a little chartreuse on there. It actually looks really, really good in the water. It pops. Those tails kicking.  Wait, Jimmy, he's waking that spinnerbait. Oh, gosh. Oh, geez, look at that streamer. Little one. He had me all over. Loose spot. We're going to stop at a little hump here real quick. Break out a jig. Give it a dangle. Yup. Nope, not a begging. Dragging the jig back there. I thought that was how that big one was going to latch on. Got him. It's a good one. He's coming out of here in the open. Oh, yeah. That's a begging. I'm waiting on that one.  Sugar bugger. Look at that belly, man. That's a gorgeous one. That's a fiber. Nice. On that jig, finally. As long as that's okay. Oh, no. Don't line. Don't break. That's a good one. Put away in the day. Woo-hoo, Jimmy. Keep it. Oh, look at that big mouth. Ooh. That big body. Won't that be sweet? Those are about the same size. That one is just all belly. Belly on that crater. Woo-hoo. Getting late in the day, folks. We've got a couple of juices in the well. You know, we're going to get that legendary picture. I caught a big one on the jig. I don't know what to say, y'all. A dream come true out here. Fishing with Jimmy. Being on the boat with Pat, the man behind the whole entire masterpiece. 27 years. Just honored. Truly honored. All right, look at these pigs, y'all. Those are some beauties. Look at the bellies on those boogers. Another fat one. Sugar boogers. And we're going to let them go here. I thought it would be an amazing shot just to get a sniff and a kiss. Jimmy, I got to take my hand off. I got to get a little Jimmy going on here. There we go. There we go. All right. I love it. All right, here we go. Little tongue. All right, let's put these baby dolls back. You got it, dude. Good play. Jimmy, I owe you a huge thank you not just for today, but for leading the way in the industry and paving a path for guys like me that just want to try to be like you. You're doing an awful good job at it. Been a lot of fun out here today and we will do this some more. We fish pretty well together. You didn't get hung up too much today and I didn't get hung up today because he appreciated that. I know I appreciate him. I know how it is. We caught 44 this morning. I think we're at 38. So what would it be, 82? You got to catch more in your old. I did that before. If we were fishing with Roland we'd have to catch a few more in Bill. Lord, I apologize. Got to love it. Thank you so much for tuning in today. Make sure to go subscribe to Jimmy and you got to smash that like button for greatness. God bless. We'll see you.


Abstract here, we reviewed the state-of-the-art strain sensors that can be used in flexible, printed, and hybrid microelectronics. These sensors were categorized into four mechanisms of optical phenomena, diffraction, reflection, interference, and photonic crystal, fluorescent mapping, mechanochromism and mechanoluminescence, moire effect, and thermal imaging. Additionally, the sensors operating principles, sensitivities, dynamic windows, and spatial resolutions were discussed. Three types of strains, uniaxial, biaxial, and multiaxial, with sub-categories in strain mode, tensile and compressive, and uniformity, isotropic and anisotropic, were also summarized. Finally, three potential applications and markets of healthcare and biomedical engineering, human motion detection, sports science, and roll-to-roll manufacturing were provided as a stepping stone for those working in this field. This article was authored by Padmanapundra Kaksha Pancham, one HSI NGU, Anupam Mukherjee, and others. We are article.tv, links in the description below.


Dude it was poppin boys and girls ladies and gents welcome back to another episode of kicking their bass TV If you guys are new to the channel hit that subscribe button hit the notification But also hit the like button on today's video if you guys have been enjoying the content today We're gonna be kayak fishing. It's been a long time since we've gone kayak fishing So I got me Alan Bob and Cody and we're like, you know what? Let's go out on the kayak today and also fish a new spot that we'd never gone to before So I'm really excited about that. Let me show you guys the pond So as you guys can tell you know, we have the pond right here It's a beautiful little place. It's actually long not too narrow. It's got a lot of cover up on the bank It's got a lot of trees down on the lake actually has a lot of laydowns Also, there's a lot of grass here on the other side of the bank We have a good bit of wind today, but I think it's gonna be okay And we're just gonna go out there and search for these fish I've already seen a lot of fish busting the water out there in the middle So we might get on a really good bite I just hate that it's a little windy because that can be irritating when you're kayak fishing But we're gonna live with it and see what we can do. Let's go see the boys over here. Hey, Bob What's up, bro? That's good. Let's go. Let's go kayak fishing today. It's been a minute hasn't it? It's been so long since we've been on the kayaks. It feels so good out today And I'll see I'm just ready to catch him, bro I think we're gonna do it. So we got old Bob's kayak over here, you know, old tan bonafide Yes, sir Got mine right here old gray bonafide and then we got Cody's over here, which is actually Dalton's and Just a little us in kayak and the problem that we have is We forgot the seat. So like, you know, we have this kayak trailer over here And you know, we can load four kayaks on it We can load one right here one right there one right there one right there But the problem is to get that thing in my garage. We have to take the seat off and we totally forgot it So Cody you're gonna be Didn't really go through. I'm not really asked for a lot man Maybe every now and then a water Yeah, that's gonna be interesting just don't fall in and so I got my rods in here today I actually I'm bringing out four. I'm bringing out a custom pro on a mock two two custom pros on the mock two I have a mock two right here. That's my frog rod and then I also have a mock smash That's for like crankbaits jerkbaits stuff like that. And so that's pretty much what we're bringing I also have some tackle that'll load it up in here. So we have everything that we need And hopefully we'll get on a top order bite today. That's what I'm hoping. Maybe we can get on a frog bite and See what we can put together Yeah, you probably sit down for for right now You should have my seat I want to see how steady it is. Oh, yeah It's not bad, is it? No You're gonna be good though. All right once I'm out here Yeah Oh I'm gonna start off over here It's like a little side Thing like right here would be good Well, you just made it to our first little spot first little stop Like I said, I've never been out here So I'm just kind of trying to break down this place and I get a good head start here See if we can start off with the fish right away. I just saw a boil up there This place looks good, man. Looks really good. The conditions are actually honestly awesome It's just hard with the wind when you're in a kayak and I'm gonna actually start off with the frog today I would love to get on a frog bite on the yak It's gonna be hard Be one of the hardest baits to fish on a yak, but I really think I can get him to eat a frog to get destroyed up in that tree Perfect cast Oh, yeah, it's a good fish First frog fish It's barely hooked It's freaking mean That was a perfect cast. Yeah, that's a good one, man It's like a two two number He's so he's fighting so hard Nice fish right there Pretty bass right there on the frog we got that started pretty quick. That was a perfect skip on that tree Perfect skip back in it and she was right where she should have been Wow, that's a lot of fun Well, there we go guys first fish today beautiful bass about a two pounder on a frog. You gotta love it kayak fishing frogs today That's what I want to catch them on Thank you, baby Yes, let's go. That's what we're here for Well guys, that is our first fish. I've only been fishing for about 10 minutes Had one blow up on a frog, which is an awesome sign That I love catching them on a frog So I think we might get on a good bite today. We're just gonna keep on moving around I'm going to reposition the kayak over here by the sun of these trees and try to skip it up way further far up in those Laydowns and see if we can get a big one to come out. Okay, so just park it behind the We locked that gate now actually come over and move that machine and lock that gate So jump on my knife and come back in here. So when you take it out, you'll see where the opening is at and it's not far from Probably where you can get in there. But if I got one of my guys over here, it might be nice to just get in But I believe it Awesome. Yeah, we'll move it for you. So guys somebody just came over and And they said that he said we're perfectly fine fishing here, which we already knew But he's like we just can't park a car where we parked it. So Alan bob just went back and he's moving his truck But we got that tinkero right off the bat. I'd rather it be right when we weren't far from where we put in then When we go all the way across the lake and then have somebody trying to tell us to move our car. So Bob's handling that now I'm going to keep on casting this frog and and see if we Get on something good today, man I have high hopes Guys, this frog looks so good where we're throwing it Now I think we can smoke them on it. It's just it's going to be time consuming because it's kayak rotating Getting the right cast I know we can catch them on it today. That's the thing I know I could kill them on a fluke up on these trees But I just would love to get on a kayak frog bite.  It's about that time for us to get a get on a good frog bite on the yacker And we caught one on it instantly. So it's like it's possible I just think if if we have a chance to catch a big in I think it'd be on the frog Guys these casts that I'm getting I know it's probably hard to tell on the gopro, but They couldn't they couldn't be better Hey, there's a big one up there. He should get mad at this frog. I need it There's a huge carp right.  Oh my god Did you guys see that he almost ate my friend? I've never seen a carp just go after something like that He like actually was putting his nose. Imagine if that big thing would have just Demolish the frog that would that would have been insane It's a good one. Oh my god. It's better than I thought. That's a good one. Please don't come off Let's go. He was a dangler a freaking good one That's what we're talking about. Look at that one. Almost a three pound. That's a high two number right there freaking good one, man pan cake There's been a long little wait for the second bite, but man, that's worth it right there Almost a three pounder on a dangle skipped it up under that branch and Had a dangling and he came up and destroyed it Thank you buddy for biting Get him back in the water. Thank you bud.  You could not beat that You could not beat that. I know there's another one back up in here that we can catch I was getting a little iffy. I was like this might be a little too shallow and You know cat fishing it, you know Stayed true to what we were doing. I know I had to cover this and Sure enough got a bite. It is so shallow guys. I'm talking Maybe about eight inches of water back here. It's probably about six But there's a large mouth one thing about larges is they'll get up super shallow. They don't really They don't really care. They'll be you can catch larges as shallow as you can find them. I mean I know there has to be one in this corner might not be two but there might be just one guy sitting back here It looks so good. There we go. Oh, he choked it guys. He choked He's not as big as that last one.  He looks pre-spawn. I swear these fish were post spawn, but I don't know that fish is looking really fat So third one today on the frog Demolished it over here by these lay downs Just cranked to get a lot of wind pushing up on this bank. Normally I wouldn't want to fish a frog and win but They're getting a little aggressive on it. So Gotta love it pretty fish. Let's get them back in the water. Thank you, baby Here are our third one today He's gonna look at me. There he goes Nice That was sweet. That was a good bite So pretty much tell you guys how I'm catching them, you know I go up on some of these banks and there's not any wind pushing up on it You know, you're in a bunch of calm water I've been working this frog a little bit slower And I just kind of popping it. All right when I get up on these banks where there's some wind pushing in I've been walking this frog really fast and just getting it to go over those lay downs And getting a bass to really react to it So that's kind of how I'm working it windy banks working it a lot faster a little more aggressive Walking it from side to side and on those banks that are a little more calm and Collected, you know, I'm working it a little bit slower. So That's kind of what I'm doing it seeming to work. It seems to work out So we've caught three on it so far only been out here for about an hour It's a good sign Guys, we're out here in the middle I don't have a depth finder Or anything, but I want to throw this jerk bait There's a big boy right in front of me because I think these bass are roaming I think there's a bunch of fish out here that can be caught And they could be big So I'm just gonna kind of let the wind coast my kayak out here and I'm just on a fancast I've seen a bunch of bait pop I don't know how this lake lays out. I don't know if it's a big drop off or a flat or whatever it is out here in the middle I only know how deep we are but I'm just gonna play around with this jerk bait for a minute and I think we'll I think we'll luck into one The way that this bait's been popping is fish are roaming clouds up wind blowing Yeah Bob's got one three Right at three pounds That's a good fish That's a good one Let's go. I have to switch it up It's tough for me. I don't know why I was starting that green uh green pumpkin crawl switch up to black and red It's like I think second cast he ate it never feel a thump. It was my line started to move I was like, I think I got him nice and good fish Let's get a release on him There she goes Let's get it Where do you want to take out at? Take out right there All right, so we're gonna get it started today and as you guys know when I start fishing I want to use a bait that I can cover water with I don't I've never been to this place I know nothing about it. Um, I don't even know if the fish are going to be active today The pressure is really high bluebird skies. They're probably not going to be roaming a ton But I still think we can get a few solid bites on this thunder cricket by striking So what I'm going to do is I'm going to start off with this bait a moving bait We're going to toss it around and just cover a lot of water. I did just re spool this here. Yeah, we need to tighten the drag Brand new line on this donkey right here. So Shouldn't have any troubles with the line today And now we're just going to start fan casting See if we can get something to trigger off on this Thunder cricket early this morning And I you know, we'll switch up to that crawl kind of throw it around a little bit If we see any good cover any spots that just look really juicy But um, we're going to start off with this just cover a bunch of water and see if we can get a really big fish today No way a little tiny guy But this is a great talking point and it's the first fish today. We don't care about the size All right, so this is what we just did, you know, we started off with that chatter bait So I'm going to cover some water throw it around I'm just excited to get a first fish in the boat got the monkey off her back already So I threw around that move and bait for a little bit didn't have anything bite it and It seems to have like a little drain right here pumping out water. And so I knew there would be fish in the area Just picked up this Texas rig with a rage crawl on it You know, we've had a lot of luck with this recently even caught our kayak PB in the last week threw it up their first cast and literally had him eat it So that's a good little sign right there We're going to make a couple more casts just to see if there's more fish up there with them Because where there's one fish there could be two But that's just a learning lesson right there, you know throwing that move and bait We didn't have anything grab it and then we just slowed down for a minute. Boom got a bite. So we'll keep that in mind today Oh, yeah Thanks still on I thought I spit it I'm about to say there should have been a fish there. Just I don't think it'd be that size Half pounder I'll to say, you know, this goes in with all that grass and it had this little stump I'm about to say there's one on it I was just while what I was getting to with that is there's probably more than one You bit it Another little squeak squeak McGee Yeah, I've tried them, but most of the time we're just throwing natural See this is a good guy Well, they're biting We found the squeakers We got to start somewhere we oh look at them pissing I did not want to push up in here We found the small ones, but there has to be some big ones in the area The small ones are biting, which is a great sign because like I said, the pressure's so high The fact that we just caught three fish in five minutes is a good sign We know there's fish in that area because I caught that first one then it went cold on me for like 30 minutes Now we're finally finding some fish In this little area that looks like a freaking bed right there That could be a bed. I was about to say this is the perfect little spawning area That's a better one. Oh, no, it's not It felt like a better one the way he ate it too. He ate it like a big one It's like he didn't even take it. He just had it That was the next cast. Oh, yeah, that's a better one biggest fish today. This is actually a decent one That was literally next cast This one's breaking over about a pound A lot of the other ones are about half a pound. We got us a little pounder still not what we want but To literally throw one in the water and throw right back in and catch one. That's satisfying You got one nice I think is that a fish? Yeah, it is a small one on the chatter bait That's not what I want. Come on now. There's not what I want At least they bit this I'll tell you those small ones are feisty. They're Not even letting the big ones have an opportunity to eat the big That one loaded up on it like a dang good one though Scared me. I think that'd be good. You can't go too high there But it'll probably be perfect for what we're wanting. That was a cool catch Not big, but that was a cool catch right there in that little tiny. You got all this grass Right there in the middle Coo catch. He's thick and chunky for the size of the lure


Kiitos, minulla on täällä. Tällä hetkellä minulla on tehty asia-kastieto-openssivuksi. Eli minulla on Eero Arvonen. Minulla on järjestelmä- ja järjestelmä- ja järjestelmä- Suomen ja asia-kastieto- ja järjestelmä- ja minulla on tietysti tila- ja järjestelmä- ja järjestelmä- järjestelmä- ja järjestelmä- ja minulla on tietysti tila- ja minulla on tietysti tila- Suomen ja asia-kastieto- on ollut koko ajan. Suomen ja asia-kastieto- ja minulla on tietysti tila- ja minulla on tietysti tila- 150-500 ajan työntekijöitä. Tämä oli tämä maailma, kuten kuten tuli, ja kuten tuli, kuten tuli, kuten kuten tuli, kuten kutus. Tällä hetkellä minulla on tietysti asia-kastieto- ja minulla on tietysti asia-kastieto- Ja minulla on tietysti 30-50 ihmisiä. Täällä on tietysti 3,5-vuotiaa. Täällä on tietysti Helsingin työntekijöitä. Tällä on tietysti, että me olemme tietysti ympäristö- ja konsumerin- ja ympäristö- ja järjestelmä- ja minulla on tietysti Suomen. Me olemme tietysti kokemme ja ympäristö- ja ympäristö- ja kokemme ja ympäristö- ja ympäristö- Meillä on niin paljon projuttavasti. En ole mitään niitä, mutta minä olemme tietysti, että minulla on tietysti tietysti. Täällä on kokemme ja ympäristö- ja ympäristö- ja ympäristö- ja ympäristö- ja ympäristö- ja minulla on myös kokemme ja ympäristö- ja minulla on kokemme Safety and Seekائa. Ympäristö, että tinailut ja palaa asked unraveling. Älkäinhan takaisin vastaus 소ittavan... IT olisi nggak suunnitel Tradun significance erect bilmiyorum.  Suomessa on koko ajan ympäristöä, ja ensimmäinen kertaa, kun olet jatkuu ympäristö, niin voitte alkaa, koska ne ovat aika kertaa. Ja kuten sen, että kosteita erityisesti kaiken terveyden on yhteyden IT-malli, We compare pretty well with the costs of developing and maintaining our IT. This definitely has to do with the uniform architecture, because it helps both in the operations and the development side. But I don't think that's enough. We need to stay ahead as well. Here's a couple of things we have trouble with. First of all, scaling is painful. We have a set number of front-end and back-end servers, and the setting of new ones is pretty time-consuming and expensive. And because the scaling is so painful, our current application servers are pretty crammed with applications. And if one of them goes haywire, it can affect a whole bunch of other servers as well. And don't let my boss know I said this, but I think this uniform architecture is sometimes holding us back as well, because every new service has to conform to a specific standard. So it's pretty hard to test new stuff sometimes. So Red had offered to do an OpenShift proof of concept project with us. This is, I think, April 2017. So we basically started from scratch and installed OpenShift on-premise. We ported an application called Oma Tieto on it. And we demonstrated high availability so we could do rolling updates of stuff that was running. And the HTTP session of the user was persisted, so there was no downtime. And it worked out pretty great, all this in a week. So now we're fast-forwarding to late autumn 2017. So about a year ago, we decided to build a service that runs on OpenShift from the get-go. Container native, if you will. So what happened was we got some cloud OpenShift from Ambientia. We hire a couple of consultants from Lotto Company. We picked a technology we'd never worked with before. And we had a hard deadline because this was a GDPR compliant service. So it came into effect in May. So our hard deadline was, I think, in March. So no room for error. I mean, what could go wrong, right? Well, as it turns out, OpenShift made it easier to get everything together, actually. The reasons being was, first of all, the CICD pipeline, we got that out of the box. Like I mentioned, we had the Node.js. So there was the Ready Source to Image tool for that and so on and so forth. We had no issues getting it running in a test environment. And setting up multiple environments was pretty easy as well. When you get the one running, you can just replicate it for specific testing needs. And also it was inherently portable, so we could move it anywhere if we wanted to pretty easily. So there was no risk to getting stuck in a single environment either. So what happened was, well, here it is. It's in production, there's a screenshot of it. On time, on budget, customers happy and so on and so forth. Here's a screenshot of the OpenShift site. The whole thing runs on 12 deployments with the front and application running on two bots, so it's a total of 13 pods. We had about 10 updates since rollout with no downtime at all. Plus a slow summer, we would have done a couple of more deployments, but yeah, holidays. Rolling deployments, like I mentioned, no downtime needed. Just had to make sure the database changes were backwards compatible. And we're going to actually scale to Sweden later this year probably. And we're going to make a parallel one and it's going to be pretty easy. Because we have the templates ready and so on. By this time, we decided to get our own OpenShift cluster as well. So at the end of the spring, this spring, we rolled it out in-house. But at this point, we only had the one service actually published running on production on OpenShift. So what are we going to do with the rest of the 200 or so services we have is the question. So the question is how to eat an elephant, right? Well, we're going to do it with one container at a time. Most of our stuff runs on EAP, so that's something we're getting out of the box, so that's good, right? Enterprise application platform, so it's the Red Hat Jboss release, yeah. All right. So we decided we're going to pick a few candidates to migrate on to OpenShift. And we actually decided to focus on Oma Tieto, which we did on the proof of concept project a year ago. So porting the Oma Tieto was the first time we're porting something. So there were all these little things we had to take into account because it wasn't really designed to run in containers. So well, this is going to be a slightly technical, I hope you don't mind. But first of all, Oma Tieto generates some Java classes out of web service description language files. And those classes pertain to HTTP sessions that are stored on the server side. So in order to persist the session during a rolling update, those classes need to be serializable. So basically we had to write some binding files and make all the necessary files serializable. Oma Tieto had this little assumption that in some environments there's going to be a service that generates PDF reports. And it's going to be running on local host. Well, that's not the case in OpenShift at all. So that's something we had to take into account. And one of the big things I think is the sideways compatibility thing, because you're not going to want to have separate code bases for the old environment and the OpenShift environment. You're going to have to have your code in one place. So that's something we have to take into account. And actually that's why we have to see the bigger picture here. We can't reinvent the wheel because there's stuff that's been working for years and years. And if you want to actually roll this out in a large scale, we're going to have to have some things we're going to have to take into account here. So first of all, I think we have to integrate into existing CI CD, not to mess everything up. Our old Jenkins is full of stuff and we can't just throw it away. We're never going to recover from that. So this is the old way we were building and deploying stuff. Basically, the developer, we're starting from the top left here. The developer commits some code into GitLab. This triggers a bill in Jenkins. After that, Jenkins deploys the artifact into a testing environment. And also copies the year or the war file or whatever on an FTP server. And afterwards, if we want to put something into production, we're going to fill out some forms and someone's going to approve it. And then a guy from Ops is going to manually install it on one of the EAPs. Also, if you want to roll back from a production, it's a bit of a pain because we're going to have to copy the old artifact, the year file or war file or whatever. And we're going to have a special name for it so we know when it's been in production and so on and so forth. It's pretty complicated. So how does OpenShift affect things? Well, the box on the top is the old way of doing things. And we didn't really change anything, didn't have to, because my philosophy was we're just going to add a couple of things. So in the old jobs, we're only going to add two things. We're going to publish the artifact, the year file into Nexus, and we're going to trigger a build in our new Jenkins. The new Jenkins has the source to image tool installed. And it's going to build a Docker image that it'll push into the Docker repository of our OpenShift. And then it's going to deploy the relevant deployment config. There's also separate Jenkins jobs for releasing whatever in the testing environment to pre-prod and release whatever in the pre-prod to production whenever we want to roll. And we're also tagging the image streams with say 1.0 so we can always have the full backlog of everything that's ever been in production so we can roll back to whichever version we want. Also, we all hate big banks, so I think we should provide an incremental transition path to every service we have so we can get it on OpenShift. Luckily we have the uniform architecture, so this is kind of straightforward. Since our application architecture is multi-tier, we have to think about how they can be migrated. So are we going to migrate a whole chain of applications? Or can we just move the services one at a time? This is how our backend basically looks like. So we have a set number of EAPs with a bunch of deployed years inside them doing EJB calls within the very same application server. And the question is how are we going to migrate this on OpenShift? I guess one way would be we could just take all the separate services, make them run in a single EAP each. I guess this would conform pretty well to the whole micro service architecture thing. We could also scale all of these applications and not have to replicate the whole server with everything inside. Although in our experience running one deployment per EAP takes a bunch of resources, but I guess this might be just a case of not configuring them to contain whichever only the features we need. It might very well be worth doing, but the problem is it's still going to be something of a big bang because we're migrating a bunch of services at once. So this is option two. We could just migrate one application and have it connect to the old backend as is. There's a couple of question marks with this as well, though. There's probably a firewall between the left and the right side of the picture. So it would require some configuration. Also, well, the real question, I guess, is whether we want to go to the old environment and reconfigure all the EAPs manually to allow for these kind of connections. So I'm not sure if you want to do this or not. So the question is what do? We've identified viable options, but we haven't made any big decisions regarding the backend yet. I guess the most important thing is we know we can do this because I've tried this and it's worked so far. The front end is... I'm sorry. The front end, however, is pretty straightforward and has high value. So we're going to... Wait a second. Yeah, so we're going to pick the low-hanging fruits of the front and first then decide on the backend later. And that's kind of my point here. You need to identify the opportunities with the biggest impact. So we're running a business after all, so we always have to mind return on investment. And it might be some services will actually never be migrated in an open shift. They might live out their lives right where they are. They might just gracefully ride off into the sunset, you know, like this. Yeah. So in all seriousness, though, there's plenty of things to consider with the whole migration to containers. And by this point I can definitely hear the business people asking, where's the beef? Why should we do this and is it worth it? Well, surprise, I think it's definitely worth it to us. Otherwise I wouldn't be here talking about it. So the reasons it's worth it for us is we're moving towards 24-7 services. And like I said, we can do approaches incrementally by migrating specific application chains first. Two we can deploy whenever. Sometimes we deploy on Sunday mornings, you know. And I'm hoping we can eventually leave that stuff behind because I don't want to wake up early on a Sunday. Have you ever needed a new environment based on, say, a feature branch? Or maybe when you're developing a new version, you need to hot-fix something in production and there's going to be a lot of shuffling with environments and what you're going to install and where. This will definitely help because when you get your templates ready, you can just spin up a new environment in a couple of minutes and have a specific, say, good branch compiled and deployed in there. And remember how I mentioned it's been hard to try new things? Well, this kind of helps that. For example, deploying the Node.js application, the GDPR compliance service I mentioned earlier. I don't think we could have ever done it because it would have been like a special snowflake in our current environment. It would have been really difficult to get a production environment for it. What's more, real-time horizontal scaling. So in our current model where applications are under designated servers and hardware scaling means we have to build identical servers and install all sorts of stuff. And we're actually doing most of this manually still. In the OpenShift world it's a bit easier because you just have to provide OpenShift with the necessary hardware and it'll just work. There's also a couple of scenarios we've identified where we could need some extra juice during some special days of the year like Black Friday, where we get a lot of credit queries for when people are buying stuff they can afford really and have to take a consumer credit. But wait, there's more. Remember the UC merger I mentioned before? There's this thing called synergies that were promised to our shareholders. So it turns out UC have plenty of stuff running on mainframe and getting rid of that expensive stuff is coming eventually. And it just happens we have this thing called OpenShift now. So that might get fun. Also we got some big Nordic projects now that we tripled in size. So there's been a lot of talk even on the Swedish side about OpenShift and we're going to start some big stuff this fall, this winter. And that's all folks. This is where we are with everything. Yeah, if you guys want to get in touch, this code will take you to my LinkedIn page. And yeah, any questions? We can take one question because there's a user panel coming up. We can take more questions then. All right, you're finished, I know. You can save your questions for the AMA panel but you have to ask questions during the AMA panel. We've got one back in the back here. Well, you do for the recording. For all those people out there on Facebook live. Oh, the one person following at home? Yeah, the one person asking the question is Irish, right? And not Finnish. He doesn't count. So the question is about the cultural challenges that you faced. Can you talk about some of those? Because it was quite technical. I'd be interested to know. Right, the cultural challenges. Well, I mean, since we did the GDPR service, I think I won over a few of the business people as well. I mean, it's been pretty easy to sell it to the tech guys because they know what it's about. But the business guys, we had the product owner of the GDPR compliance service and others have been now asking how it went and I don't know if this is an expression in English or not, but he said it was like the toilet of a train. So it means that it just works. So this is why everything, everyone in house is pretty excited about migrating. That it's not going to translate. No, that's not going to translate. Toilet, train, I don't know. Yeah, go ahead. But yeah, we're winning the business people over definitely by actually delivering results.


Hello and welcome to the session. My name is Mansi and I'm going to help you with the following question. The question says the following table gives the distribution of students of two sections according to the marks obtained by them. So this is the data for section A and this is the data for section B. Now represent the marks of the students of both the sections on the same graph by two frequency polygons from the two polygons compared the performance of the two sections. First of all we find the class marks for these intervals. We write the class marks in front of these intervals in a bracket. We say that the class marks of the interval 0 to 10 will be 5, for 10 to 20 will be 15, 20 to 30, 25, 30 to 40, 35, 40 to 50, 45 and same for this also. So let us see the graph here. Now on the x-axis we take marks and on the y-axis we take the frequency. So now first of all we obtain the frequency polygon of section A. So for section A we plot the points 5, 3, 15, 9, 25, 17, 35, 12, 45, 9. So let us plot the points for team A or the section A. So these are the points for the section A. Now we join these points to obtain a frequency polygon. Like this we join all these points. Now we will find the frequency polygon for section B. So let us plot the points for section B and they will be 5, 15, 15, 19, 20, 15, 15, 35, 10 and 45, 1. So let us plot these points now. So like this we plot the points for the section B. Now let us join these points also. So like this we join all these points also to get a frequency polygon for section B. So this is our answer to the question. I hope that you understood the question and enjoyed the session. Have a good day.