We energized for the second day of the annual forum and I do have to apologize for Dada because she's late today. But of course the show goes on always. But she will come hopefully in a moment. First we have looked back to yesterday and I think we all have our I think our memories and highlights of yesterday. But one thing for me, and of course we will make a report of the whole annual forum with the statements with the sheets so that we have a good basis for future work of the Alliance. One thing, and I think it was Martin who said it yesterday also to me is that it was refreshing yesterday. We had last week we had the Council of FEO. And of course there we had hundreds of statements of governments. It's refreshing to see when we're sitting around in a multi stakeholder setting that much more is happening than we think. To listen to the different constituencies, what's happening on the ground, what's working, what's perhaps could be done better. But it's also became very clear that only we can closer to where we have to be if we work together on the ground in the countries with all stakeholders. Therefore it was very good to listen to farmers. Listen to science. People from universities. Listen to the private sector. Listen to NGOs, of course also governments because they're part of it, but I think that was not only the added value of yesterday, but also the added value I think of the Alliance. And it also became clear when we look back to yesterday and there are some flashes which we bring to you now but of course you will see everything in the report is that in the key opening, the scene was set by several other messages from Agnes Karabati. I would say a powerhouse and a real leader, world leader. But the great thing of her is that she's and working at the global level as a special envoy for food system summits for the food system summit and a follow up. And she's also working on the ground with organizations leading Agra to see how they can improve ecosystem agriculture production, climate smart agriculture, and much more. I would say in the region who needs the most. We had a clear statement by the World Bank, but for me it's also clear. It was a great statement. We have a lot of money on funds, which should be spent much more on the ground, because you can always find conditions why you should delay any funding, but we have to call them also to action. And they have more money to spend that they can spend. The former boss have now a new president, he will advocate again because he said, the only thing we need to do now is to work with the farmers and the private sector in the countries. Huge funds available. Make sure that we transform the setting at the country level where we find. We have to put around tables with from the start, not at the end from the start with the farmers and the private sector and other stakeholders to develop business cases, would it be on food losses. Would it be on cold storage, would it be on better seats. That's what we need. And I spoke with Martin. And again he promised me this. We have our 10th anniversary certainly the World Bank will be there. We have to call them to their responsibility and accountability did they do it. And not in a negative way in a positive way. It was great to see that microcal on behalf of the International Food Network was clear in his message. The private sector stand ready to work with all of us. And that's a strong message, because we need each other networks it's not only about the private sector, because we need academia, and we need the NGOs. But the message was clear, and that's important to know. And last, but not least divine. In him, climate smart agriculture is embedded. He is, and it was unfortunate that we have problems nowadays with visa, especially from African countries to come to Europe is unbelievable how Europe is becoming a fortress, but it's great. And how is how active he is, not only for the youth, but creating an e learning Academy, making sure that more people are engaged in trying to get climate smart agriculture done on the ground. When we look to innovation. And I think many one. But to, I would say, clear message came through. First, sitting here is excellent is marvelous. But we have to do more, and we can do more, because I was speaking about knowledge sharing experience sharing part of sharing. And we have amazing capacity nowadays with the internet. And today we see how we can do more with it so that we not only once in a year or twice in the per year are sharing, but that we, we can continue a continued exercise by sharing our experiences about capacity building about power on the ground, but also about the needs, etc. Because then we can come closer to each other and then we can find partners. Of course, when we speak about innovation and technology. It's everything. Many said it about access accessibility about bring it to scale and about affordability. But even if we can manage that. We can not send or bring technology to a farmer or country, because you have to do more when it comes to capacity building to training, but also listening to the farmers to the markets to the needs and then see what how we can transform and pinpoint our capacity and of course, everything has to be done at the national level at the global level, we can create an environment for support. But we have to focus now on the national level and we have an excellent instrument now with the world food system sevens pathways which are being developed. But you all have to make sure that the pathways are not something of governments, or not something of NGOs only or civil society test to be pathways of and for all of us, making sure that the white people are sitting around the table and doesn't mean all stakeholders, because then even the plenary hole at the third floor would be not big enough but make sure that you have those on the table who can transform. And again also there it was the statement was clear. We need financing funds. And we need to share via the digital digital arena we have the youth is the future future was the third. And of course I'm quite biased when it comes to the youth, not because I'm young anymore, but I can always, I will always be inspired by the youth, and you saw it what they are doing with World Food Forum. Jessica here with us, and she's now so active the last few years, and what we what the youth is doing. What they make clear, it's about not giving just the floor to make some statements, but get them actually involved in the decision making, and especially at the country and local level. Make sure that a part of the organizing of the activities. They clearly made a statement about the paradigm shift, make it lucrative for the youth to be part. Make sure that we are listening to them, make sure that we have an enabling environment, so that they will participate. And it's not only about becoming a farmer. There are so many jobs needed in the whole value chain. And that's where it can be very lucrative for the youth to be. And it means also. And there was a clear element to get them in we need to see how we can support startup programs and later on we'll have a presentation this morning about an initiative which we hope we can launch about a startup program for for the youth. Let's get into the action groups in the afternoon. And it was exciting to see what came on the table. Some of the same elements. But clearly, the action groups prove themselves again. And they should be the center point of our work. The next couple of years. It's not about only awareness raising of the farmers. Everything about inclusiveness with all the clearinghouse mechanism was stable again, knowledge sharing, but also the multi stakeholder approach came clear. And of course, Ernie and Allison. And Rosa will work on the report of that session. There are so many messages, which is difficult to to contain today. That was yesterday. It was a witch day. We kept it a lot. But it gives also a clear task to do more and to make sure that what we discussed what we think about how we bring it to the next stage of implementation. Today we go into what can be done in the near future. And what speakers together around three themes capacity building was mentioned many times yesterday, but how to make it practical. What can we do as an alliance. How can we support what can be done and there are already good initiatives underground we hear from World Farmers Organization from where from buyer. We hear a presentation about a program on compass funding not that we have would like to have it but we don't have it. Millions of funds, but we hear presentation about there's more out there than we think but how to access it how to grab it. And it's not only about international financial institutions. There's much more out there, but we have to know it, and we can make full use of again the digital network which we have. Not not but not least. It's about the youth. And perhaps starting on a small scale but increasing something about we call it a shark tank approach but we have to, of course reformulated because otherwise we get problems with some of the copyrights etc. But how to support the youth with with the idea of startups and we hear some great presentation and some practical already ongoing work of John Cordero, who is now working to make sure that it's going to happen. And then we have to watch our time. We have to go to the regional alliances, because one thing is clear, as I said before, the global level is there to support, and I said we have made our commitments our heads of states. We have developed with agenda 2030 clear program of work. We have identified. So last year in the world food system summits clear actions to be taken. But they have to be translated to the regional and the national level and their regions become in need to come in strongly. Why because every region has its differences, but it would be in Europe but it would be in Africa Asia, Latin America. And we have to think about what the regions, but can we just do together to make sure that their needs, their ideas are listened to and implemented. I think that's why I'm Fred Yoda will guide us through the regional alliances. That's why the regional lines becoming so important for the work of the global alliance. In the afternoon we have to do also the nitty gritty work around governance, etc. And to look forward how we can further improve our governance base. But I do hope that we based on what we have done yesterday. And a very exciting day. Be very interactive, because it becomes now concrete with clear ideas about three programs, which we would like to implement, but we can only implemented with you to further develop it and make it concrete but with you. And then see where we are. Good morning. I give you the floor to open to go to the capacity building the first item. I'll give a bit of a reflection from yesterday. So good morning everyone. And I hope you had a great night in Rome last night. Yeah, so sorry for being late. I think with our colleague from Nepal we had, or India. We had a great night walking along the roads of Rome yesterday. So, a bit of a reflection before I hand over to our first session. Yesterday I think we got managed to really respond to the overarching message that there's a need for efficient, or what I would call bang for your buck engagement. Yesterday, I think there was a lot of guiding principles that gave us from the opening speeches from the keynote and from the action group reflections on really how to have bang for your buck engagement. I also noted is really the call for coherence is getting more and more emphasized coherence. What do I mean by call for coherence. There's amidst all sorts of approaches. There's a great ecology. There's the whole food system approach, right and we are sitting here to look at how what is the role of CSA. And I believe that CSA has such a great role within all these approaches that we know we needed to be involved with and to be engaged with. And let's remember that CSA has a central role amidst all of these approaches now given that the climate crisis has never been more emphasized. Especially since countries has made pledges for higher ambitions to reach targets that contribute to so many pledges like the Paris Agreement and SDG targets, even though we all know that we are running late in meeting the SDG targets. So, yesterday it was great to know suggestions that we are actually aware of, but we know we need to intensify and made more efficient of the role that CSA can offer in order to build more meaningful engagements. We need to elevate farmers and magnify their actions and investments play a crucial role in this. As a new co-chair with Hans, I have really been dreaming of securing funds that will allow CSA to do this and your feedback from yesterday provided a great mandate for CSA to proceed. Examples of best cases that Hans has summarized has really shown that CSA has a role to play in exchanging information around. And so today we are all ears on these three proposed projects that will highlight this bang for your buck engagement, and we wanted to really proceed with that. So, I have the honor of opening the session five the capacity building proposal for the GACSA e-learning and the GACSA app. Right, Hans? Yes. And so, I call on Mr. Van Demir online. Who will give us a presentation of the proposal? She. Well, okay, we have a lot of gender neutral pronouns now. The column means hi, Franke. I'm sorry for mutilating your pronoun. I think it's a global problem these times. We're really all ears and we're very excited to hear the proposals. I give the floor to you. Let's go to Franke. Just one word. Franke developed this program when she was working as an intern for the GACSA team. And the problem is with good people, they're always bought by others. So now the European Commission took her away from us. She has done great work on what she's now going to present. And it's a firm basis for further work. Franke, the floor is yours, but I had to say this. Thank you so much. Thank you, chairs for the introduction and the floor. In addition, I would like to thank all GACSA members for their in person and online presence here today, as I think this is truly of invaluable importance to ensure that we can achieve these new aspirations for GACSA as outlined in a 2023 action plan. I will quickly introduce myself. I was already mentioned by Hans and Nada. My name is Franke. I joined GACSA in November 2022. And during my time as part of the salutation unit, I predominantly worked on the zero draft for the GACSA capacity building proposals. Therefore, it's an honor to be back here today and my capacity as former intern to present this project to you. This proposal was the result of the findings from the GACSA survey, which was conducted by Cornell University in 2019 2020. When asked about which initiatives were needed to overcome knowledge barriers regarding CSA implementation. The first questions and answers included the need for more capacity building projects and farmer to farmer information networks. Based on these results, the following two proposals under the GACSA capacity building heading were developed and I think the discussions yesterday very much shows how necessary these projects actually are. The proposal is the climate smart agriculture e learning course, which aims at training young farmers students interested in CSA policymakers and investors on CSA approaches to address the capacity development needs identified by GACSA members, and to create the future leaders with a solid background in CSA. The course will be divided into specific modules addressing CSA topics from an interdisciplinary perspective, as you can see in the in the next slide on the table. In addition, every student will receive besides normal modules a personalized modules, focusing on CSA case studies participants can show can choose upon the registration their own specialization in the form of a specific global region, and in the cultural sector. Subsequently, this third module will provide them with three successful CSA case studies, and one field CSA case study, according to their chosen preference. The aim is to include in every module a set of online pre recorded lectures, GACSA case studies, and the final examination. The GACSA facilitation unit would like to complement these online trainings with lectures from guest speakers from our GACSA member base and beyond to introduce this intergenerational exchange between young students and practitioners within the same classroom. Upon successful completion of the course participants will receive a GACSA certificate. A quick overview of the GACSA e learning course. The second proposal under the same capacity building heading is the GACSA app for farmers. So on the next thread you see that this projects came forth out of the needs for more farmer to farmer information networks as identified in the GACSA survey. This is despite this urgent necessity to implement CSA approaches on a global level adoption of such practices has been slow. One of the major barriers has proven to be the exclusion as farmers local knowledge in the implementation of these innovations, and therefore to tackle this problem, the facilitation unit would like to propose development of the GACSA app for farmers, which will be an application for your mobile phones. The, if we could have the next slide please the app will function as a pair to pair knowledge sharing show the next slide please. The technician could show the next slide. Perfect thank you. So here's the GACSA app for farmers. The app will function as a pair to pair knowledge sharing capacity building and networking platform all in three. It will be divided in two sections, namely we will have the discussion portal and the knowledge portal. Farmers will be presented with tailored content in both sections based on the information acquired upon their registration, including their preferred agricultural sector and region. If you are opening the discussion portal which you can see here on the slides, the user will be presented with group chats from their chosen region and sector. In these chats, farmers will be able to connect and interact with each other, as well as with local agricultural researchers, policymakers, and investors to facilitate this co learning. The discussion portal will focus on addressing the specific capacity development needs of farmers. The content in this section will be tailored in a similar way as the discussion portal, and will include CSA case studies, relevant regional data and capacity building trainings. This was a quick overview of the entire capacity building proposal. Thank you all of you once again for taking the time to listen and provide feedback on these proposals, and to conclude I would like to emphasize that both projects are still very much in a zero draft stage, and therefore open to all your input and proposed changes. Moreover, I would like to encourage any members interested in developing either the CSA learning course or the GACSA app to reach out to the facilitation unit, as only with your help and expertise as GACSA developers, these projects can move forward and make a difference. Thank you. Thank you, chairs. Thank you very much, and thank you for your hard work and we do hope that we can buy you back. Yes. I just have to present it before we have a discussion so that we have a clear picture of everything what's there around capacity building so it's my pleasure now to give the floor to stephano stephano Maras he's the director of global partnership. I'm a business affairs of buyer, and buyer has already a long time experience in trying to get to get our clients climate spondex or culture. So with pleasure I give the floor to stephano. Thank you. Thank you very much. Thank you Hans. Thank you. And thanks everybody for inviting buyer to contribute to this discussion. I would like to. Yeah, perfect. Actually, so I sent this presentation I made some changes this morning before, as I was listening to Hans and other, but this will work fine so I think I only have five minutes right. So, to go very quickly. Can you can you please go to the next slide. Okay, so great buyer has several commitments by 2030 to support 2030 development agenda. And one of these is to reduce by 30% the field gg's footprint of the most emitting crop systems by 2030, including rice, corn, soybeans, etc. And we also want to become climate neutral by 2030 by reducing our own emissions in our operations by 42% and then offsetting the remaining emissions. And finally, we work with upstream and downstream suppliers and customers and customers to reduce their impact by at least 12.3% and all these targets have been approved by the science based target initiative that by CDP when you see our I and WWF. Next slide please. So, our livers that bear has in its portfolio but also in the pipeline because there are many things that are not still in the hands of farmers but that in the next few years will be there. We have extensive agronomic expertise on multiple crops, including cereals, rice, maize, soybeans, which are the main ones, and also fruits and vegetables, cocoa, potatoes, etc. Then we have as a science based company we have an R&D expertise in breeding and biotech for the development of crops that can withstand drought floods, floods require less water and less fertilizer. Then expertise in digital tools for precision fertilizer application inoculants for biological nitrogen fixation and crop protection solutions, including biological so I want to stress this, allowing no till farming. And finally we have expertise built in the last four years on building and implementing accredited carbon credit projects. Next slide please. I will go very quickly on this. These are just a few of the partnerships that we are part of that relate to climate change. So there is info climate, EU carbon plus farming coalition, LEAF coalition, which is focused on forest finance. Next slide please. Living Souls of the Americas and Scale Direct, there are more underground projects that we have. Again, just a couple of them, but we have many more, and I will be happy to share more offline with whoever wants. And of course with GAXA, the GAXA team. Next slide. The contribution to GAXA capacity building projects could be the following but would not be necessarily limited to these. So we have lasting relations with 45 million smallholder farmers worldwide, 30 million in Asia, 13 million in Africa, 2 million in Latin America. We also provide case studies of successful CSA practices for the module three of the online course. I highlight here successful, but of course, there are also some issues. We have, we are in the process of learning of piloting projects. So we also have not just successful cases but also lesson learned from, let's call them failures, or issues that we as a company are facing. And to overcome which we definitely need partners. And finally, expertise in designing and implementing courses with universities to train agronomy students to train farmers. There is one thing that I, as I went through the proposal, which I find very, very well thought and very well designed. There is one apparently small but I think very important and crucial point that I think should be addressed which is online training is it can be great with city students. Based on our experience is less doable when it comes to smallholders. So what we do we have an experience already with several universities I think about 40 universities across Asia, and especially in India but not only where we train students with agronomy students but also medicine students on a safe use of proper protection products and then they go onto the fields and train in person, the farmers. So that's that's one thing I would like to discuss also with the GAXA team in charge of the capacity building project. And also just to conclude have a wide, a huge network of partners from all sectors, not just the private sector but also governments, NGOs, academia and the three universities that are involved right now in this project. We are collaborating with them on projects already so we, we know each other, and we know many of the people also who are in, in the room. So thank you very much. I think I said it all for now. Happy to, to join the conversation and and answer to any of your questions. Thank you very much Hans and data. Thank you so much Stephanon nice to see you here. I think you, I hope you stay on because I have even I have questions regarding our partnership in Asia as well where we are trying to really answer the question. What's the benefit of carbon farming for small scale farmers, and I know that there are some good case studies from the Bayer experience. Without further ado, we would really ask yesterday we were really emphasizing the farmers of the centrality in our discussion, and we are joined by Maria Gullio de Castro, who's advocacy policy and partnership officer from the World Farmers Organization, who's going to give us their own hi with your presentation. Thank you very much and thank you for having us here and bringing the farmers perspective. First I would like to congratulate Gaxa on this new initiatives. We are always thrilled to support any initiative that put farmers at the center, especially young farmers it's really an important pillar for the work of WFO. As we really believe that young farmers are really agents of change. So we really need to invest in their empowerment. I'd like to highlight a few points, provide some inputs on the learning parts specifically based on our experience with capacity building. So our just to briefly present our main capacity building program which is the gymnasium. We implement it in close partnership with Bayer and starting from this year also with the support of Andreas Hermes Academy. And if we explain to you what it is. Basically, we gather a group of around 20 young farmers from all across the world among our members. We gather them, for example in this third edition online. So they meet online for four modules they meet with international experts on agriculture related topics, including climate change and climate smart agriculture for example. Then they also have the opportunity to participate actively and advocate in international processes and conferences on agriculture related topics. And they also have the opportunity to be trained by a coaching team, as we believe that this is also part of enhancing their capacities. So starting from this, our inputs suggestions for the learning course would be the following. So first, we noticed that the target let's say the targets of the e-learning course seems to be quite broad, which is good on one side because we reach, we want to reach as many people as possible. But we also think that we should take into account the specificities of each stakeholder sectors. Because all the stakeholders have different needs and different and comes from different realities across the food systems. So we would suggest perhaps to concentrate more in having content majors or focuses based on the profiles of the ones who access the course. Because for example, a concern of a young farmer on climate smart agriculture may not necessarily be the same of a policymaker and vice versa. Second, we would like to suggest that also the goals and evaluation mechanisms are tailored based on the profiles of those who access the course so that everyone can maximize its participation. And third, we want to really stress the importance of the active participation of the young farmers know so not to see them just as trainees or beneficiaries of this kind of initiatives but really engage them in the content building as well. So really modeling the course. In regards to the barriers in the for the implementation of this course, we would like to highlight the importance of considering the financial and infrastructure challenges that the young farmers may face. So we also see them in implementing our gymnasium, for example. So the operational structure of the initiative should be inclusive, both in its financial aspect and in its interface. And for this, we would highlight the importance of engaging also farmers organizations on the ground so they could play an important role, both as facilitators in building strategies and also operating and liaisons to reach out to as many young farmers as possible. So yes, just to highlight the need to like take care and pay attention to the potential barriers for the young farmers such as the infrastructures and the costs to guarantee the operational participation of the young farmers in both designing and implementing the initiative. So that we ensure inclusiveness and also to encourage to benefit even more from the knowledge and networks of the farmers organizations at both local and global level. So I think this is it. Thank you very much and we look forward to the further developments and contributes. Thank you very much Maria and a couple of years ago. I had the opportunity to be in a class with gymnasium. It was really amazing. And I would invite everybody if you have the possibility to go to switch the class, because what you see is enthusiastic young farmers from all over the world and it's not only about what they learned during that course but they start a new network. And that network is then spreading from in their countries in their regions. And that's the great thing of working with the world farmers organization working with buyer it is not only those who get the training itself, but how it spreads, I would say, among their networks. Great. So this year they will meet at COP 28 so they will gather there for their final module and also participating in the COP session. We'll make sure that you will get the information about the next session of the gymnasium. There's pleasure of course which we cannot do without the youth in such a session we are always speaking about it to give the floor to domain ago veto. He is the global smart agriculture youth network country coordinator for Italy. He's very active he was also very active in preparing this session of the annual forum. Thank you for the floor. Thank you. Thank you very much and thank you very much for the invitation and congratulations for this amazing venue and this amazing possibility to talk about agriculture youth and engagement. I congratulate with all the team of gaxa and to the chairs ambassador also for supporting us and our network on on our work and also I concur on the words on our ed divine that has been inspirator for several activities that we are doing. I'm the coordinator of the global climate smart agriculture youth network for Italy, and also coordinate like CEO of the climate social forum that is a platform, we can call a virtual agora that will let available for the world network. I've been yesterday from my colleague divine a glance on the activity that we are doing with the platform like the learning virtual Academy to spread properly and connect the different center well excellencies and the interest that are now are active for about climate smart agriculture. I will contribute to the session on capacity building, especially giving an input on a survey that we did properly to build like learning platform in order to assess and to tailor for the young farmer, the best solution in terms of learning activities. So, okay, if, okay, if you can go to the next slide. Okay, yes, this brief about myself I, I coming from it background so I very feel this problem of engaging also with the learning platform. So, you can if you can go to the next slide that will present the survey. This is coming from a big project that we call agro smart that is connecting data and also knowledge sharing together properly to let available for farmers. This platform is completed with also, for example, GIS tools and so on that we are developing and we are proposing also for eventually next session of gaxa and so you can go into the into the next slide please. This is the survey that was talking that we launched and we collect at first in the first glance the preliminary phase 100 responses from 38 different countries. Next slide please. The survey was divided in section in order to assess different areas the idea was to tailor and to like shape the in the best way, also considering each aspect of the problem. So cropping and farming formation and connection out is the access to the market and so on. Please next slide. Next slide please. Okay. I will go to the next slide. Okay, I will in the in the meanwhile I will explain a little bit. Okay, okay. In the briefly, I will just explain the section. The first section is about understanding how the farmer cropping actually, and how is managed the crop. The third part is about how they asked this information and connectivity, and how the third part is about the marketplace and how they sell the product, and the idea was to tailor these, these information, properly to understand which were the main needs of the farmers. So this is like the distribution in which all the responses has been spread all over the world. Next slide please. Okay, again next slide please. I will show here some of the result of course of the survey to let available also for the learning platform. This is like the distribution of the target so how much were like organic farmer how much were traditional farmer and so on. And we saw that was a quite diverse type of farmer that we address. So in order to say the situation about the, like the assessment of the climate smart agriculture is still ongoing we have to like transmit this kind of concept also to the ones that are practicing agriculture actually. Next slide please. So we have tried to assess also if the responder were really small farmers. Actually, most of them were like with a yard that was less than one actor in order, like, in line with this result. We assess that actually we were facing properly with small far and for us was a really important point because we want to assess properly with young small farmers. So, we try also to understand which type of crops are used for the young farmer and small farmers in order to understand which type of information we need to share. As I say this survey was to like ever sort of photography of the situation in which we want to like spread our knowledge and so on. Next slide please. We try also to understand the seasonality in production. I showed these results just to say which kind of aspect we try to reach and to us to the farmers. Next slide please. And also the cropping complexity so how far they are doing for example the intercropping how far they are doing like sustainable practices and so on. In order to like see if when we were talking about climate smart, they could follow us and they could like apply really in their quotidianity all the concept that we want to transmit them. Next slide please. Also we assess the women involvement we saw that women involvement is is very crucial, but also what we assess is that women are very involved in mostly in the into the collection phase. And one thing that we observe that is important to foster the role of women also leadership in agriculture. Next slide please. We assess also the type of technology that and the technology in agriculture for most of them technology was the use of pesticide of mechanization so we asked them what what is technology for you and which type of technology you are using. And we saw that for them, the use of pesticide and mechanization are the most like considered technology in applied in agriculture. Next slide please. At least now I'm going to finish was this part was very important because we also asked the asset to information when we want to spread through a learning platform and so on we also need to assess which type of media that they're using and which type of device. The final result and I will resume this and the next slide is that they are mostly using a smartphone, most of them now they have access to internet, but they, the preferred device, we can say is the smartphone, rather than the laptop that have a less percentage of of spreading and and and sharing so next slide please. Okay, if we can go to the conclusion. Okay. Let's go. Next slide please. I will conclude next slide. Last one. Okay, I will resume for the sake of time the main result. So, what we take from this survey. This survey was important for us as I say to assess. We want to deal with the farmers but knowing them not just like putting a technology without like make that make it appropriate. So the goal was to make an appropriate use of technology and we assess that the role of women is important need to be fostered especially in readership. And also that in general small farmer have a community as knowledge share use of information. So they, they are very community base. Their way on using information is to collect for example one of them is collecting, but then they are sharing the information and they are using this information to have a collective benefit. And this is for us was an important information. Moreover, they are quite aware of the phenomenon of climate change. When we talk, we were talking about climate change them they were aware, but for them, the climate smart practices are most were mostly agriculture, agroforestry, sorry, and organic farming. So not all we can say we can not all the techniques that are in the into the into the set of the climate smart agriculture techniques are available. Thank you very much. Thank you very much, Domenico for your presentation and again it of course it will be shared with all of you. Now as a last two speakers together in this session about capacity building the program under development are Alexander shine born and Julius dive yeah. And if you bring a farmer and a digital student together. You can do miracles. And both of them are very much involved and have an interest in using technology and solving real world problems, and also using the digital possibilities to share it with many. So it's with pleasure, as an example of work and practice to give the floor to Alexander and Julius. You have the floor. Alex we can't hear you I think. Alexander you I think you are muted. We cannot hear you Alexander. Can you hear me or is it just Alex, you just I can hear you but I cannot. I can kick it off and Alexander can maybe figure out the technical issues happening in on this end. So many thanks for having us really appreciate it and for inviting us. And as you said, I'm going to introduce myself real quick. Maybe Alex has wrote a rejoin in the meantime. My name is Julius. I grew up on a farm in East Germany. And probably as everyone working or growing up on a farm growing up my biggest ambition life was becoming a farmer and also a good farmer. And that's why I spent a lot of time driving tractors and doing these kind of things and really enjoyed to the state. After my age, I love it. For example, I went to Canada to experience their kind of farming. And at some point I thought, okay, maybe I need to get a different perspective several. And so I went on to study economics and computer science and later on and now I work for Google cloud. And that's where I met Alex. Alex, are you with us? Yes, can you hear me now? Can we hear you? Brilliant. Okay. Well, this turns slightly on the head what I was going to say, but I'll start by introducing myself. I'm a computer scientist. I currently work for Google as a consultant cloud engineer as well. And as a quick caveat, we're both employed by Google, but we're talking to you today, kind of in our own doing with our own opinions. And this is work that we carry out in our own time. So it does not reflect the opinions of Google. I'll be starting a PhD at the University of Cambridge in September on the topic of AI, particularly as applications for tackling environmental risk and improving agricultural processes. And back at university, when I first encountered AI, I became intensely fascinated about its potential use in agriculture. And I found a very attractive property of solutions that mitigate environmental risks through AI optimization is improved resource usage. Promoting sustainability and business viability in parallel. And we've seen this in other industries like logistics or manufacturing. To date, implementing sustainable farming practices and farmers expected yields and potential profits are inversely related. So pressure to make farming sustainable has to come from external forces such as governments who impose regulations or consumers who are willing to pay a premium for sustainably products sustainably produced products. We believe that farmers can use AI powered tools to address their own problems and as a byproduct make their businesses more sustainable farmers can and maybe already intrinsically motivated to run their businesses in sustainable ways. They just need the tools to do so. And the example I like to give, and it's an example that you just first introduced to me, which is using fertilizers in agriculture comes down to a compromise between short term yields to kind of feed a growing population and maximize year yearly profit. But also long term yields to keep the soil healthy and to keep the farm going for generations to come. And potential use of AI would be to help farmers optimize their total win by using fertilizers, which is both environmentally and financially costly, only when needed. This is just an example. So when I met Eunus with his understanding of technology and farming background, we were able to further reason about the potential uses of data and AI, and he opened my eyes to the importance of agricultural processes for which I was previously unaware. So with that, I'll let Eunus talk about the long road towards digitization. Thanks Alex. So to kick it off, I think I don't have to mention how important the work is that everyone of you is doing. Because I think agriculture is really basically the foundation, our civilization is built on farming in a sustainable way is going to be much more important than right now in 10 years probably. So I really appreciate the hard work everyone is doing. And that's also what Alex and I, and what keeps motivating us doing this in our spare time. I think in the future, or actually already today, there's three trends that are going to kind of drive this kind of innovation. First of all, it's IoT and I think Hans alluded to it earlier. We need to be scalable and also affordable and IoT devices basically small computer chips that we can install in the field are becoming much more affordable than now than it has been a couple of years ago. And the second pillar, and our projects are built on as a global connectivity and through satellite internet, basically, we are on the cusp of reaching global connectivity all around the world. And I think this is going to this gap is going to close down in the next years and quite drastically. And last but not least, what Alex expertise and also a bit of my expertise is generated AI and LLMs and everything that is happening in this field. Everyone probably read the news in the last weeks and months. It doesn't pass a week where there's not a new breakthrough in the artificial intelligence space. And the two project projects Alex and I are working on right now, built on top of these three pillars. And if we go to the first project on the next slide keys, we see and our first project we're working on. And this started actually on my home farm, because we have one of these irrigation systems on the left hand side you see an illustration of it. And people wondering how can we optimize the way we irrigate at a very, very cheap price point because there's solutions out there that are kind of expensive to control an irrigation system. And we found a way to develop a prototype that we can retrofit on these irrigation system, which is basically gathering data. And on the right hand side, you see our web application that we are building that basically allows us to control this irrigation system. After some discussions and after some time thinking hard and deeply about this being noticed, much more possible, because once we have an IoT device on this irrigation system, we can do site-specific farming. We can take pictures of the plants and we can run, for example, classification algorithms to define or to see that some plants need more nutrition, they are sick or something is happening. And this kind of decision support approach and brought us to our second project, which we want to present you on the next slide, which we call ACRI-LLM. LLM, for those of you who are not familiar with it, stands for large language model and is basically what is allowing us these big breakthroughs in AI. And what we propose here with this project is a large language model, which leverages the site-specific information we have from the first project and uses it on a fine-to-large language model to basically give advice to every farmer. And these large language models, just to get it clear, it's not like another chat board, it's really tremendous how much information and how precise this information can be brought to the farmer.  These are the two projects we wanted to talk to you about. Alex, do you have any other comments? Yes, I was just going to say that these two projects are, I think, kind of present an interesting paradigm to consider where they're not independent from one another, they can actually be mutually beneficial. Having farm management platforms that ingest farm data, and in our case we're looking at irrigation data, but it could be a whole host of different data, in addition to a large language model, which is a new method for interfacing with existing world knowledge. There's very, very powerful systems that can be likened to high-level decision support systems, which is getting into the realm of a personalized automated agronomist. And if we could just go to the last slide for our kind of call to action. Please don't hesitate to approach us or email us. These are our emails. We would love to hear from people that are generating agricultural data, and we are particularly interested to talk to fertilizer companies and explore possible collaborations on that sense as well, because a very good use case of this would be fertilizer recommendation. We didn't have time to give a live demo or a more concrete view of what we're working on, but if you do want to see that, we're also happy to schedule another chat to talk about that. I want to finish kind of rather rhetorically, and I state the questions that have been mildly obsessing me over the last couple of years, and I invite you to consider them as well. Firstly, what is the potential of putting computers in fields to improve agricultural process efficiency? How can this impact sustainable farming practices? And also, and this has to do with the kind of knowledge sharing part of the session, how could this democratize access to high quality farm specific agronomist style information? Is it scalable and hence is automated agronomy consulting within our reach? So with that, I will hand it back to the chairs. Thank you very much for having us. Thank you very much, Alexander and Julius, for your presentation and your work. I've already seen a part of the demo in, I would say in progress. I will make sure that we share with you on the website of GAXA when it's finished this demo, so you can go to it. And of course, what you have seen this morning, it's a program of GAXA under development, under development when it comes to capacity building via e-learning, an app and perhaps more. And of course, we have selected the speakers because they are hopefully partners in the further development of this program. We have open briefly for some comments or reactions before we go to the next program in development of GAXA, because you see we are trying to enter the new phase from awareness raising, building on the concept now to action on the ground. And just with, as I said, to all of you, we have to do it with you with your comments. And of course, we'll put this also on our website so that we can collect comments in the further phase for further developing and financing this program. I open the floor for anybody who want to really reflect on this myself. Thank you, Chair. And thanks for all the good presentations. What really stood out for me it's coming back a number of times are basically two things, what works best is peer to peer. And what really connects is mobile phones and internet. And these two things are really, if you want low profile, easy low cost to do. And they can have a tremendous range and a tremendous impact. So peer to peer and using apps, mobile phones is really something that stood out in the number of presentations. And I wanted to note that. Thank you and thank you for your positive feedback and indeed, peer to peer. I would like to say to all we speak about the regional alliances and going to the national if I think that combination could be very fruitful but of course we need your support also to further develop it. Thank you. I also like to say thank you to for the excellent presentation that we have. I just have a couple of comments I can see that there are different initiatives I saw in the capacity building of the CSA. And some of them are really spreading different in different countries so is there an initiative that can join efforts just to have some courses in different languages because peer to peer internet needs language but basically just to reach a farmers this is one of my questions and the other question is how, what about the value chain, what about the supply chain, what about the CSA with regard to the whole food system and not only be focused on what is going on at farm level. Thank you. I see. Yeah, I see several hands. I will take three more. And then four more and then we conclude this item and we continue this discussion. Rosa, it's indeed, I think it's important of course, we are looking to the language issue. And as of now, we have certainly also the regional alliances, we have now French English translation and of course, it has to be in multiple languages. Also, when you are going to work with, for example, an app, you have to see in that pops is easier nowadays than when you do it, I would say in person, but we have to work on that and also of course it's not only about the the whole idea of Gaxa is climate smart agriculture from the farmer to the consumer so we have to look to the aspects of the market to value chain as well. And I give lady here the phone. Thank you very much. Very quick comment. Thank you for the very interesting session on capacity building as I am also a climate change negotiator on the agenda item of capacity building within the UNFCCC process I found it very interesting and I would like to suggest that Gaxa to join the PCCB network within the UNFCCC process, which is the Paris Committee on capacity building network, which already have more than three members and I think it would be beneficial for Gaxa and the PCB network to be more connected. Thank you very much. We'll certainly take up that offer. Thank you so much. I saw, and then your neighbor first ladies first. Thank you, Mr Chairman so we just heard a lot of interesting application. Applications. But, but still the mode of implementation. It will be very crucial on this how Gaxa plans to to really capture all this interesting learning and applications. And I think one of the suggestion that before me would be one mode of implementation that Gaxa should have some rooms for participation or engagement in international fora, so that what we have we could, you know, we could publicize and maybe if it needs endorsement and mainstreaming so that's, I hope Gaxa's participation in international policy dialogue so be very crucial. Thank you very much. I go now to your neighbor. Yes. Just a quick comment. One, I've been raising this in the national and international meeting. When we talk about capacity building. Most cases. We have to target people at a high level, high level in session of land who have passed through high level in session of learning. But again, as we are considering as Gaxa. We should also start thinking about those to build the capacity of the, the farmers, especially those the small farmers was there the majority, then another thing is the e learning. With mostly I'm, I'm, I'm, I'm representing farmers, that's one, but also I'm representing people from developing countries. With the learning. It is so good and very essential and we have noticed it. Noticed that he learning has been so essential. When we got a COVID-19 it took it, it gave us a very good lesson. In developing countries, we need also to build a capacity for, for, for a learning therefore when we are targeting to build, I mean to build a capacity in farming itself or the science and the practice and so forth. But again also we should also know that in learning in developing countries is still a problem is still lacking. That's why you see, many meetings online, but people are not attending it. And then I will also let me stop by thanking you for cause for now has I have been reading, I read the day and night, but for has a lot of information. And sometimes might someone might raise something and think it is new, but when he found has gone through a long ago, but people don't know. And you could say what is there, what's wrong. Thank you so much. Thank you very much. And we need to be missing carefully and we take note and come back to active now the floor to divine because he just started in e learning Academy Divine your online so your floor is yours. Yes. Not a theory. Perfect. Thank you very much. Greetings from Cameroon. I'm happy to get all the comments from the presenters. Our answer is in three different points. The first is about, I want everyone to understand that CSIWN is going to translate the SDGs into local languages, official 60 official local languages. We will share the process in 2015. That's number one. This is to say that our enemy platform is going to be translated into local languages as well. Seriously, we are going to do this. Already, we are working with our TV Kenya to translate the Daksa documents into Swahili. This is our commitment between now and the end of the year, 2023. Number three, I heard comments about how the internet penetration is low. I just want to say one thing. First of all, there's an aspect of passion and we have been able to demonstrate that young people have the passion. There's an aspect of commitment. We've been able to demonstrate that young people have the commitment. We've been able to equally demonstrate that young people are resilient in anything they are doing. But they need what we call policy framework established with young people and women. Number two, the last point I want to raise here, of course, being one of the strategic members of Daksa, we are very, very keen. We are very, very keen and really strongly, I mean it, that we are there to change the paradigm to ensure that the global alliances, the original alliances fully integrate the learning framework that we have established. So this is our commitment to Daksa. So Daksa, we are doing the learning platform to promote. You are doing the learning platform to patronize it. And that's why Ambassador Hans from Inception back in 2013 is in beyond as a whole. I want to say thank you very much to all the women, sister agencies over there and colleagues. Bye-bye. Thank you very much. Divine also for your hard work. And I saw last race and here. Thank you. I think a lot of discussion here is about dealing with the enormity of the task in terms of providing credible, important information to, I think we're sort of at about close to 600 million small holder farmers around the world. That is an enormous challenge given the scale and the resources they have, etc. And so we're looking at, I think some really great solutions related to peer to peer digital tools, etc. The only caution I would have is that when it comes to giving advice to farmers that we have to be very careful that what we're giving them is good advice. And also there are errors that can be made. So when an agronomist, a trained agronomist goes out and provides advice to a farmer, that agronomist has a body of scientific information that he's dealing with, but he also has insurance. If he makes a mistake and the farmer loses money, he's insured against that liability. And so I think we have to be careful that in any of these tools that we provide, we're ensuring that there are, you know, caveats in terms of the advice, and that there's credibility and, and there's some consideration of the potential liabilities as well. Thank you very much. And thank you for your caution. Because I've seen also at a certain moment an ad working in practice, where it was used by farmers, they could make a picture of their disease in their crop, send it to a university, and then they would get advice, but two or three times, they got the wrong advice. There was no insurance, nothing. So at the end, who lost was the farmer. So that's why if you build these kinds of programs, you have to make sure that you do it right. And that's why I thank you so much for the caution and certainly also we cannot overeat it has to be a step by step approach. Next one Alison and then we go to the compass funding. Thank you so much Hans thank you for the great presentations. I just wanted to offer that Cornell University has developed a climate smart agriculture online course in the past and offered it for farmers and we've talked in the past with Rosa about developing in English and Spanish together. We really would like to be part of this to offer as Clyde just said, the research expertise that that's needed. And Cornell is now part of a new NSF National Science Foundation, AI Institute grant that just was announced yesterday with Colorado State University, Minnesota, and Purdue, Purdue has extensive expertise in doing courses and online courses for agronomy.  So it seems like a natural fit if we can partner with GACSA. Thank you very much. Alison, certainly we come to you for the next phase of the development of this program. We now go to the next program, work in progress. And that's the compass funding platform. I've been working for many years already in the international field, especially in the field of sustainable agriculture, natural resources, etc. And I know that there's so much funding out there. And you hear stories, fake news, etc. And every time I went to the internet, and I'm the internet for dummies. But I could never find the real information I needed. Would I be a farmer would I be somebody working in the value chain would I be working for the government to have a quick access, what's out there. Because we know we have to have we spoke about the World Bank we have a thought. We have the clean climate fund by the way it costs almost two years and 500,000 before you anyhow you get a program to the board. So the question is whether or not it's efficient but I think that's the information we need so we thought about it. We said together with some involved partners. We thought about using again the digital platform to get more information out there for those who need. So I now give the floor to Valentina Vitale for the presentation work in progress. And then I go to Oshani Pereira. Valentina. Thank you for the introduction and for giving me the floor honorable co chair distinguished gaxa members and colleagues, of course, from the facilitation you need good morning you all. It is a great honor to me for me to introduce you the compass funding platform, which was led by a colleague who could not present today the proposal so she kindly asked me to step in. This proposal is also a result of a long research done in the last couple of months, and we found out that despite an urgent necessity to implement the CSA approaches on a global level, the adoption of such practices have been very slow. One of the main reason is due to a lack of access to potential investors and financing opportunities. So the compass funding platform indeed would like to create an impact in increasing investment opportunities for farmers concerning CSA practices next slide please. The main objectives are linking linking farmers to investor to the development of an online platform so that farmers can propose their business ideas, helping farmers by guiding them through specific tools, guidance, such as writing skills, how to design a project and how to attract and contact potential investors, last but not least, creating networking events to attract funds and new investors for CSA related activities. Now how is this platform working in specific. So both farmers organizations and farmers as well as investor have to create an account in order to have access to this platform. This closed the category to which they identify and provide specific informations related to their own organization. All the details provided during the registration to the platform are absolutely necessary to divide the applicants in different categories according to the different criteria such as location interest products and type of subscribers. Once the registration is completed, subscribers have the possibility to browse that already existing proposal on the platform or simply create a new one. Next slide please. In order to create a new one, an application form should be completed. The application form is different for farmers organizations and of course for the investors. At the same time, the great initiative of that platform is that it will work only also as a knowledge formation in which subscribers have the possibility and find online tools and guidelines on how to apply to funds and how to design financial proposals. All these materials and documents will be designed and proposed in collaboration with the action group and gaxa strategic committee members from the six constituencies. Of course, a financial task team will be set up for these activities. Once we will start the development and implementation of the proposal of course. Now, in conclusion, if we want to have a full and successful function of this proposal we all need to support and collaborate with all the gaxa members to do so. We all we strongly suggest you to widespread this initiative in order to avoid the failure and the disuse of such platforms on the farmer side which happened in the past. In addition, we would also like to propose a side event. Gathering during the next annual form that will be a great idea in which we will attract potential investors and increase funding from small scale farmers and farmers organizations on CSA. Thank you all for your invaluable feedback potential feedback I will get and support as always for gaxa and I am and of course for attending this important meeting today. Thank you all and over to you. Valentina and of course, this is the ideal picture at the end or hopefully on the program. First part of courses which is under development is to develop and make available. What's out there in funding. You have to start with where, what are the funders. And if you have sketched the funders, then you can start to zoom in, etc. But of course, it's work on the development, and it was done by Asia. What the lesson she was again, an intern working for the unit but she was hired by the global environmental fund. So start working as an intern assures you for a good follow up gives us problems. But nevertheless, I think the thinking about sketching what's out there funding possibilities. Of course, we don't have the funds itself is catching the possibilities. And also the criteria, sketching on the side the criteria for each of the funders helps understand where we can get to and helps to. Perhaps go to what was presented by Valentina at the end. But it's still working progress wrong way to go. And with that I give the floor to Oshana Oshani Pereira co funder of the Shamba Center for food and climate. And she's working on a daily basis with investors, several investors wouldn't be pensions wouldn't be equity funders. She knows what's out there, but she knows also how the equities from both sides. Because if you have funders want to fund, but don't have to the capacity to even a program programs, where do they get to. Because it's a complete world out there and we have 194 countries, and probably 100 ideas, only all from governments, then we have 100 ideas for farmers organization other organizations and then the private sector as well so how do we get the focus. Oshani the floor is yours. Thank you Hans thank you. Exactly on that point. There's a huge mismatch between what SMEs and small farmers are looking for, and what capital markets have to offer. And why could I have the next slide please. And why I'm going to give you just two reasons. And one is that approaches and designs and technologies that are climate smart, unfortunately, still considered by funders and capital markets to be unproven and therefore risky. There is really a paradox in reality today that as much as we are exposed to climate change, and as much as agriculture and food systems are suffering because of the exposure to climate change. Those who are for runners and doing climate smart practices and putting their money there, I'm not rewarded by funders it's really a paradox. And the second thing is what the compass initiative is putting its finger on, and that is to discuss that it costs too much for investors to go from small loan to small loan or from small equity size to small equity size. It just costs too much. So, we're trying to find a solution at the shop center and the next slide. And we're trying to find the solution because we've been speaking to a number of public investors, including I've had the jazz between climate fund, the multilateral development bands, and what we're observing is even the credit lines offered by these institutions. They don't systematically require that climate smart performance is a mandatory prerequisite for preferential. And I will need to repeat that because here is where the market making may not be having that if public funders and public development banks are not making climate smart performance a prerequisite to level the playing field. Then it's very difficult for non concessional funding providers to step in. Next slide please. So, one solution, one solution to this issue might be aggregation and aggregation is happening. You are already an excellent example of aggregation. So aggregation can happen through farmers organizations, cooperatives, lead farmers, etc. Also across value chains as you know contract farming profession supplier in contracts will help that. That level of aggregation is important, because it makes it easier to demonstrate aggregated numbers on financial performance. And let us not forget the non financial performance, which is the unique selling opportunity of climate smart entrepreneurship. So, we have today potential opportunities around ecosystem services in the form of biodiversity credits, we have carbon credits, we have soil health, we have water use let us not forget that in two years time, we're going to be in a global water crisis. We are actually already there. But by the end of the decade, our demand freshwater is going to exceed the supply. Water is next. Next slide please. This level of aggregation, ladies and gentlemen, is very important because when you look at how capital markets work, they also work on aggregation. So at the level of the institutional investors is huge. Not so small circle is where the money is, but they need what it needs to filter down to small businesses and small business lenders and filter down the larger you group together and the larger the ticket sizes can become the more possible it is to actually access funding. The unique is called securitization I don't want to get too technical, but moving to the next slide. What we are doing and what we'll start doing in June is we want to explore the feasibility of an X of an SME I call it SME but it is also for small farmers and SME and small farmer funding platform. Where we could provide the preliminary screening just to match SMEs with financial intermediaries, we won't go far as funders because the ticket sizes are difficult to deal with. So if you work with financial intermediaries what they do is to bring a lot of small farmers together into a pool, make that a product and then be able to sell it on to other larger capital providers. And this will reduce transaction costs, because the biggest cost for funding providers, be they public or private, and session or commercial funders is finding the right SMEs and putting them into goals that makes funding possible. And the last slide please, because the biggest question that makes me hesitate and I have the opportunity to talk to Hans about this when we last met some weeks ago is deal flow. Are we going to find within a reasonable amount of time, enough small farmers and enough SMEs in the food system to make the platform viable. Because the reality is what Julius and Alex said earlier in their talk, there is an inverse relationship between being climate smart and getting hold of your costs and being financially attractive. Unfortunately, the moment we are being climate smart, our capital expenditure and our operating expenditure might be higher. This poses challenges for us to find financing. That is the reality of the market today. And it has to change, it will change, it is change. And the final, final slide is that it would be such a delight and honor and opportunity and much more for us to sit with God so I'm beginning to unpack this and see how we can contribute and even join you in making compress this platform, which will do both, both what you just said before, but as well as understand the dynamics in carbon markets, the dynamics in development finance, and actually try to put deals together and aggregation is very important moving back to you chairs. Fantastic to be here. Thank you very much or shiny for your really to the point an excellent presentation and you can be assured that we are going to sit together in the next couple of months. It's got to work with you to see how we can bring it to an implementation what is so much needed and you carefully drafted, I think the challenges. Also the caution. But I know for sure that we can make it happen. I now give the floor to Margaret. Who name it. I hope I put on your name well. She is the CEO palm house deris and founder of the trusty palm house foundation pressure to give you the floor. I thank you and thank you for inviting me to speak today. I am a dairy farmer and a milk processor from Kenya. I have been a dairy farmer for many years. So I'm joining you today on behalf of the global dairy platform, representing the pathways to dairy net zero. I will be talking on farm level investment for climate smart agriculture in the industry. The dairy sector plays a critical role in sustainable food systems and contributes directly and indirectly to all the sustainable to all the sustainable development goals. And especially in terms of ending hunger, eradicating poverty, women empowerment, better nutrition, and the least goes on and on. The dairy, the global dairy community is accelerating climate action and is helping reduce the sector's impact on the planet. In 2021, the dairy sector launched the pathways to dairy net zero initiative. Pathways to dairy net zero initiative raises dairy's ambition to accelerate climate action by reducing its green house gas emissions over the next 30 years while at the same time enhancing the essential role that dairy systems play in nutrition and livelihoods. Now this project includes FAO, IFAD, Green Climate Fund, the Global Methane Pledge, QSID and SAI among others. It is backed by 200 leading organizations representing over 40% of the global milk value chain. The initiative brings together dairy systems of every size and type and organizations throughout the dairy supply chain. So, like I said, I am representing the global dairy platform and the work that we are doing in pathways to dairy net zero. And therefore I will be talking about a little bit about what as farmhouse dairies we are doing in Kenya. Like I said earlier, I started as a dairy farmer, I started with a cow. And as you know, when you have one cow within no time they become two, three, four, five and eventually I had many cows and I was selling a lot of milk to our dairy cooperative. But when the opportunity came about we decided to start a dairy processing company when the milk industry in Kenya became liberalized. Prior to that the milk industry in Kenya was a monopoly. And we have partnered now over more than 20 years with more than 500 small scale farmers.  And they, they sell to us the milk, we process this milk and sell it as yogurt and white milk and other products. On this journey with our farmers, we have focused on the resilience of our farmers and we want, we have always wanted them to have better lives and better livelihoods. So in addition to the obvious programs to address the productivity and quality of milk, we have also taken several measures to help the environmental profile.  And we encourage them to do mixed farming. So therefore they keep cows and they also grow crops. This way they are not putting their eggs in one basket, so to speak. So they have the plant vegetables, the plant maize, but the dairy is however very, very essential to them. The dairy cow ownership has positive impact on a range of welfare indicators and that has been reported. Dairy farmers empowers women and boosts their social and economic capital. And as maybe many of you know, but dairy supports one billion people in the world. So a billion people rely on dairy for their livelihoods in the world, and that is really key. And because of this, as the dairy industry, we really want to succeed in reducing greenhouse gas emissions because we must continue to give nutrition to the world and good income to the one billion people who rely on the dairy industry. So therefore this means action is needed in both developing and developed world, and different actions are needed in both places, depending on the situation. But in my operation in Kenya, and by the way, close to 90% of the dairy industry in Kenya is through the small scale farmers. So in my operation, what are we doing? One of the things that we are doing to mitigate climate change is to plant trees. We all know that trees help prevent soil erosion, they improve rainfall patterns, and we don't just plant trees, we plant fruit trees and therefore they provide better nutrition and income because some of these fruit trees are like avocados. So our farmers are able to sell their avocados, even as they mitigate climate and they get more income. I like the presentation by Oshani before me, because funding is important. So how do we fund? We have partnered with Rotary Club in Nairobi, I am actually a Rotarian. So my club has come in and tree planting in Kenya is big. Government is encouraging us to plant trees and therefore this is a national initiative. So our Rotary Club has come together with us and we have put money together. One of the banks, it's called INM Bank, has a foundation. The INM Bank Foundation also is funding tree planting in Kenya and they have also funded us to plant trees with our 500 small scale farmers. And this has really helped. So we actually make sure that when we plant the trees, the trees grow and we have competitions where we award to the farmer who has actually grown the best trees, and this really motivates them. So that is one of the things that we do. The other thing that we do is we help our farmers install small scale biodigesters because like I said our farmers are small scale. This we do by connecting them to micro credit institutions that can give them money, we vouch for them, kind of like give collateral for them that if they get the loan they will pay because they're selling us milk. And therefore they are able to get green energy. And for some of our farmers, this isn't really a switch to green energy. Many of these farmers did not have electricity in the first place. And they are moving to a climate smart solution right from the start. And that is really, really good. So because of time, I think I will just highlight on those two, but the other things we do like cell testing to make sure that our farmers know the state of their soil and therefore the advice on how to make their soil better. These also we do with a partner who funds this program, and therefore funding and partnering with people who can fund. These initiatives, especially for the small scale farmers is very, very keen. Now going back to pathways to daily net zero in December the green climate fund announced that it would support pathways to daily net zero in four African countries, that is Uganda, Rwanda, Tanzania and my own country Kenya. So we need the resources to make these changes in a bigger way. And I suppose this is what is campus funding. Yeah. So really, as a as a woman and a brand new in Africa, it is really excellent to see any initiative focused on farming. Farmers are the key to food security. And without us looking after farmers enabling our farmers. We are not going to be able to do much in terms of food security. Our farmers also are the most at risk in terms of climate change. They are the ones who are most at risk in terms of inefficient systems that emit green house gases. Yet, our farmers are the are the best in mitigating climate change, and therefore we must talk to our farmers, we must find them, and we must listen to them. And therefore it is important that we make funders with the actions we need to mitigate climate climate change. And this especially must be available to food systems in developing countries. I suppose also in developed countries, but I think in developing countries, we need this funding more. Both at the level at national levels and also for small projects that more more directly reach the farmers like the, the funding that we have gotten is farmhouse data is with our with our partners. That is very, very important and, and we look forward to seeing this build and grow. I was very happy yesterday to see one of the speakers from World Bank to see one of the speakers from EFAD, and we did we need this kind of organizations this kind of people to come and hear us speak. We tell them our needs, so that they can they can help us. So, I think I will stop there. Just to say thank you very, very much for inviting me to this forum. I have learned a lot and, and I pray that going forward, we will see this continue to build and to grow. Thank you. Thank you very much, Margaret. Great to have you here. It's also great to learn from your practical experience, and so clearly stating what is feasible, but also what is needed for farmers and market perspective. We've set the scene now for, I would say, the project program on compass funding, and as I said before, Gax is going to work with Oshani Chambas Center to further develop this idea so that it become practical and you will hear most back but I give the floor for a couple of remarks brief remarks before we go to the youth and startups early. Well, thank you Hans and thanks for all of the presentations in this particular area and as I listened to the multiple dimensions of it. I was really drawn to our last speaker who talked about the needs of the farmer. And when we identify and I'm getting back to what is the core function of Gaxa, when we are the forum that can surface and identify needs and advance opportunities. We are providing I think a very critical valuable service because back to where the action is most needed is on the ground. And as you've been commenting Hans, we've got to go from global and discussions down to where the rubber hits the road. So in this area of finance funding. What's going through my mind is what is the role of Gaxa is our role to identify the need and advanced potential models for others to carry out and implement that have particular expertise in the space. Or is it us taking on the role of actually providing the support service, and I think there's an important distinction there between identifying the need, advancing a recommended model like what we're talking with the compass concept. And recognizing that we probably have partners in the world that have expertise in that space that we may not have. I'm just reflecting as we go forward on what is our role, what do we do and what do we hand off to others to do, and then be a advocacy voice to make sure they're doing it effectively. And whatever we decide to do there will be the limits of what Gaxa's capacity is in terms of expertise and resources to actually succeed with and I think we just want to be selective and careful with what we agreed to do. Thank you very much. Indeed, I think it's a crucial question also looking to the future. And of course, you've seen it when we were presenting the three projects or programs. Of course, it's not the idea that the Alliance will become an implementing agency. But at the same time, we can take initiatives which then are taken up in a framework of the Alliance, like we are doing, for example with by the World Farmers Organization, like in this with the Shamba Center who is willing to further develop to help further develop it. So that we have a context because for them it's important that they have a context in which they can work and find their partners and think that's the balance we have to seek. I give the floor. Can I speak? Hello. Can I speak? I'm Shailat from India. Then I go to Dada. Okay. Shailat. Yeah, I think at this point is very well taken, but let us understand three important things. First, knowledge, expertise and technology is available. Second, what GAXA can do and need to do is identify the needs. Who needs what? And from these sources where knowledge is available, expertise is available, or manpower is required, that is available, it can access. So suggestion is that in all these areas, we have capacity if this GAXA group has a capacity. There are people who are organization which can deliver results and which are willing to do it. They are voluntary organization. They are non voluntary organization, which are willing to help for say example capacity building, for example technology transfer. And there are organization in countries and groups which need it. GAXA develops in kind of exchange bank. Then we can deliver. Suppose somebody needs the climate smart agriculture training, we provided it to Ghana. And there is no need for physical training. It was done through Weber and I like this. So the climate smart agriculture training to Ghana University agriculture scientist we provided from India. Similarly, to all those who need climate smart agriculture training we can or like us, there are many organizations who can provide. Second is we can make available the publications which can be translated in local language and GAXA can take initiative to identify these publications with each organization at its own capacity building guide. So my suggestion is that in all this entire context of yesterday's discussion and today's discussion, let us develop an exchange bank and share with everyone and GAXA becomes the moderator. Thank you for giving opportunity. Thank you very much. Okay, well this is very much echoing that we're going to facilitate helping some of the development here but Valentina thanks for the very nice presentation. Nice presentation of Asha's work. What I wanted to maybe suggest is that ask Asha to work with the regional alliances in developing this because for one that as an climate resilience network for example would really love to help her further develop it or probably pilot it to scale. And at the same time also a suggestion that not just in corporate traditional donors, but maybe you know your next door neighbor who's very rich would love to be their personal philanthropers. Yeah. Okay, these are just concrete suggestions. Thank you Donna, I go to Donald's. And then. And then, first that made and then. Very much. For those of you haven't met I'm Donald Moore I'm the executive director of the global dairy platform one of the organization behind pathways to dairy net zero. My first GAXA meeting, I will be at the next one I'm just start by saying that I've been very impressed, particularly, I think linking some of the initiatives discussed here today. I've been working with the organization of World Bank and EFAD etc just want to make two points. The first is that we have been running the series of pilots in parts of East Africa for some time now. And we've been working with an organization called the Global Research Alliance on agricultural greenhouse gas emissions, and they have done research that demonstrates that about 40% of missions can be used by implementing practice change. And one of the things that I see in the funding model is that most of the funders are interested in funding assets. They're not interested in funding process change. And we've got to find a way where we lobby groups like the World Bank to point out to them that if we want to meet the 2030 goals are set out in the Paris Accord, etc. And we need to look at the things that will deliver in the very short term. It's not about asset funding, it's about extension services, getting farmers, the right knowledge to make the changes that they need today so somehow we've got to, in this program I think it's brilliant. We've got to get some emphasis on process change, implementation, access to finance to help extension services which have been getting defunded across the world for the last several decades. It's time we reinvigorate that if we want to make an immediate impact. That's what we can do. In the pilots we've run in East Africa in less than nine months we've been able to increase farmer income by 25%. We've increased yield by, sorry, farmer income by 29% yield by 25%. And at the same time, we've reduced emissions by over 20% on an intensity basis. All of that was done through practice change, not through new technology, not through investment in new assets. And so for me, the biggest impact we can have in the short term is investing in that really practical transformation through practice change. Thank you. Thank you very much, Donald. I give the floor now to the lady there. Yes, hi, I'm Neha Rai, I'm the private sector specialist working with Office of Climate Change in OCB here in FAO. I think one of the things which is quite important for this matchmaking platform is using it to make it more risk appetite worthy because what we're now assuming is that all farmers have low risk and also all farmers are investment ready. So how do we make sure that there is an element of linking up the risk appetite of the funder with low risk farmers, and if the farmers are not low risk how do we make sure we have the right investment partnerships for risk sharing? I think that is quite crucial for this kind of platform. Also, we know that the blended finance vehicles which are currently working, they're mostly in emerging economies like Brazil and India, also in very value commodities like soy, palm oil, but not in millets or in underserved segments on low income countries. So this matchmaking platform really has to make sure that it sort of match makes with the right type of investment needs which are not only the business as usual, investors and investors coming together. Yeah, I think that's one of the main points. Otherwise, we will end up getting a lot of public funders but no private funders in this matchmaking platform. And that's one thing which I would like to flag. Thank you. Thank you very much. I give two more people the floor and then we have to go to the shark tank. Again, all what we are all talking about is the mode of implementation and I agree with the practical solutions that we need to identify. And we had a FAO is very active in identifying climate smart agriculture practices that could be developed into a business models. We had a project with the regional office of FAO with Bo Damon and the farmers are asking for practical small scale technologies like solar water pumps, small scale irrigation system, planting and harvesting machines, those are very, very simple technologies that the farmers needs. And so we can love much this, we can match it with the private sectors to upscale this into a business enterprise. And also, I will be talking about this afternoon maybe about Azure and CRN and it is one of our activity is to love much. This activity is as mentioned, we need to really match with international organizations with private sectors. So, so I think, and, and this, I feel like I'm in a negotiation mode right now because we are talking about, you know, what the mode of implementation, how can GACSA helps to do. So, so GACSA has this a pool of knowledge, as already mentioned a pool of knowledge and expertise, then I think let's get the strength out of GACSA and put it into implementation. Thank you very much. That's certainly what we need to do. As a last speaker, I also perhaps going to some of these are give the floor to Oshani. Thank you, Hans. Totally concurring with Donald and the private sector specialist at FAU. Nobody wants to fund processes where capital markets work on an asset base, we need the collateral, it's the asset that's valued. Absolutely. And perhaps when you look at the cash flows of climate smart agriculture, where you do have a fairly long process of climate smart transformation or, or incubation cash flows become very difficult. Hence why sometimes it's difficult to get blended finance directly into small scale farming. Maybe the trick, and this is again, Donald, it'll be lovely to have your views on this at some point in the future. Maybe the trick would be to make nature and climate a part of the asset. And then financing processes will be an easy win. Back to you, Hans. Thank you so much. Thank you so much, Oshani. I know for sure we have an intense road ahead. Thank you so much for laying out where we have to go. Now we go to our third program initiative. And that's about the youth and about how to get them started their business. I know the program on in I think in several countries. It's called the shark tank. I don't like sharks. I like dolphins much more. But the idea behind it is gave us inspiration. First we think about ourselves a little bit. But then, and that's what Valentina briefly will present. But then we brought in it already. Don Cordero will take over in a much broader sense. Valentina, we'll start with you. Thank you very much for giving me the floor again. As you all know, for a variety of reasons, young farmers often have lack opportunities for starting their businesses and of course invest in climate smart agriculture. Okay, GAXA would like to propose the GAXA shark tank approach. So what is it as you can see from the next slide it will be a real competition where young entrepreneurs would like to showcase their businesses models or proposal to some of the most successful expert people to receive the funds. The shark tank will be open not only to young farmers but also to startups, cooperatives and also piloting landscapes in scaling CSA initiatives. So while we are proposing this, so the main core of GAXA is actually scaling up CSA best practices and promotes capacity building opportunities through a real and stimulus competition. Distinguished members. It is my pleasure to inform you that the first pilot of the shark tank approach will be focused on the Africa region, given the specific climate sensitivities of multiple engines of grow agriculture, natural capital and infrastructures in that region, which makes ramping up climate smart development at the scale across the continent and imperative. The GAXA shark tank approach will be held online in order to promote collaboration and participation on global, regional and country level. All applicants will be casted through a selection process by filling out an application form which will be found online on the GAXA website once the casting call will be open. From the next slide, who will be the shark tank? Well, the jury's will be composed by potential businesses, academics and government representative. Only shortlisted candidates will compete for the final price according to the main challenges. What would be really interesting of this shark tank approach and different from the other shark tank is basically that besides the funds, the winners will have the great opportunity to showcase their proposal during the next World Food Forum 2023 at the FAO headquarters and present their latest improvements and receive the new farm hero of the year award during maybe the next annual forum. Thank you very much. Thank you very much, Valentina. This is how we started with the idea. And how we sketched it. But then we came in contact with a very good friend of mine, but for public for small view as John Cordera and Cordera Cordero. And he further picked it up, broaden it, and made it to matured it much more. And John is the former special representative for Food Security of Mars. He has a broad network. Also, I would say a broad network in businesses. And he further matured the idea. So for that, I will give the floor now to John. And then you see how we evolve from thinking to getting it into a practice with a partner. John, the floor is yours. John, are you there? We see your slides. I'm working on it. Hans, can you hear me? Clearly. So you can start your presentation. I'll start the presentation. To everyone there. This morning, I feel like a farmer. I got up at 2 30 in the morning. I'm on the outer banks of in North Carolina in the United States. So I am six hours behind you all. But I am pleased to share my perspectives on the launch of the shark tank approach. These three observations stimulated the slide that you now see there. And we're going to keep this slide up through the present, through the presentation. First, despite the broader broad array of global national and local public and private actions to address food systems, food insecurity continues to grow at greater and more alarming rates. Second, multiple interacting social, environmental, economic, and policy barriers impact the efforts to increase food production in order to deliver nourishing and affordable food to consumers. My perspectives drawn from 55 years of development experience is that the proposed shark tank approach would only play a limited narrow role to elevate young farmers and agri-entrepreneurs as pivotal game changing players. In some, I view this approach as disproportionate to the magnitude of the challenges. It represents a one and done without sustainability. I propose that GASA explore developing a broader platform and assemble a coalition of collaborating investors and donors committed to interacting with young farmers and agri-entrepreneurs on an ongoing basis. These ongoing interactions will include using multiple convening mechanisms to facilitate matching investment needs with specific capabilities and interests of investors resources. Here are four illustrative samples that should characterize the investment coalition. Interact with a network of young entrepreneurs on an ongoing basis to identify and assess priority investment opportunities. Second, utilize in-person and virtual engagement venues to define the contours of investment needs and risks that will define the nature of investment opportunities. Next, share knowledge, broker and help explore opportunities among potential investors who possess problem-solving capabilities and resources. Financial, in-kind and institutional to commit investments likely to help resolve food insecurity problems. And finally, mentor young farmers and like-minded entrepreneurs to help organize their planning, thinking and asking approaches. The members of the investment coalition should utilize a variety of mechanisms in their investment toolbox at appropriate forums to determine the match between needs and investment resources. Here are some examples that will help organically grow a network of young farmers and collateral agri-food industry leaders to sustain future generation. One is to communicate investment opportunities. Investors should listen and react to investment pitches. Investors and farmers should communicate alerts and awareness of specific investment needs. Investors should support online activities to promote global cooperation and collaboration among potential investors. And finally, attention should be given to last mile initiatives for investment support that should be spotlighted and explored. Another is to explore different coalition events. We've generated encouraged participation in contests such as the Shark Tank proposal and challenges for investments, awards and recognitions. Similar to the approach that Valentina described. Second, offer platforms for farmers to showcase and demonstrate their business proposition and finally facilitate one-on-one meetings, introductions and foot in the door interactions among farmers and investments. Wrapping up, I should mention one other thing, educate. Facilitate expansive investment dialogue and knowledge exchange among young entrepreneurs and business leaders to enhance agri-food systems. Convene side events and workshops at conferences, trade shows, etc. for young farmers to appreciate the external policy context for investment opportunities in transforming food systems and their fit into such. Wrapping up, here are my suggested action items to support young farmers and allied agri-entrepreneurs with financial and institutional resources. And investment tools and capabilities. First, initiate in a short term basis, the GASA Shark Tank proposal as a test to assess lessons learned. Then explore need and the value of co-creating an investment coalition with like-minded entities. Finally, keep young farmers actively engaged and informed with a steady flow of useful and timely science and business information. As you can see what my single slide suggests is that on the left hand side, there are challenges and problems that are most likely only going to be met by building a bridge with investment mechanisms through an investment coalition and building interactive mechanisms to be able to pursue collaboration among farmers, allied entrepreneurs, and potential investors. I believe you with three words collaborate, invest and nourish and Hans, I'm looking forward to October in Rome, where I will be able to present a much more detailed and specific set of proposals about how GASA can take this, this general concept forward. Thank you very much. John, and also for being there so early in the morning but I think it's all of us good sometimes to feel like a farmer to get up very early in the morning to do business but thank you so much and of course, we continue to work with you, because you matured already with the starting ideas we had in a much more mature approach. We work to get up because that's the idea of GASA to support and see why we're heading it and we are looking already forward to October, November. With that I would like to give the floor to Charles Palin, he's the director of the Ryan Institute of the National University of Ireland, Galway. Thank you very much, Mr Chair and very thanks very much to the GASA initiative for the opportunity to present here today. My name is Charlie Splann. I'm the director of the interdisciplinary Ryan Institute at the University of Galway in Ireland where we have a range of research innovation and educational activities underway in climate smart agriculture. So, with the guidance of the GASA secretariat of put together some slides to for some reflections for the GASA community in relation to the GASA approach and what can be achieved through entrepreneurship approaches to scaling climate smart agriculture so next slide. So, as a preface to this I think it's worthwhile for us to reflect on the scale of the CSA scaling challenge that we face across the three pillars of CSA. On the food security side we have 20% of the population of Africa facing hunger in 2021. We're looking at emissions, we still have an agricultural system that is responsible for a quarter of global greenhouse gas emissions. And then if we look at adaptation, Fred has indicated 600 million smallholders on the planet. Smallholders are amongst the most acutely vulnerable to climate change impacts and those impacts are accelerating essentially in terms of the vulnerability of those farmers as we try to deal with the climate change problems. And then if we look at the additionality of climate change, World Bank studies are indicating that an additional 30 million smallholders will be experiencing extreme poverty by 2030 directly as a result of climate change. So, so in that context, it's, it's really important to consider what can be achieved from agri-entrepreneurship approaches such as from the GASA shark tank approach. And really the key question here for me and I think for all of us is, is how do we leverage agri-entrepreneurship to scale CSA innovations for food security mitigation adaptation, and how do we do that in the time scale that is necessary. And to do that we really need to think a little bit about customers, consumers, beneficiaries and end users, which may be synonymous in some cases but not in all cases. Next slide. So, coming back to the previous speakers, I think it's really important to realize what can be achieved from entrepreneurship approaches for scaling CSA, but also what cannot be achieved and that it's really important given the scaling challenge that we need both public and private financing and there are multiple channels of scaling CSA that need to be considered. If we look at entrepreneurship itself indeed within that context, there are different routes and different types of entrepreneurs that we may consider. We can consider startup agri-food companies, but also cooperatives that can aggregate as our previous speakers indicated. Then also we need to think about what the limitations of the startup community are. A lot of startups fail, a lot of startups fail to scale and the speed that we would need, but startups are important. And we should also consider existing SMEs who can add additional product lines and service lines and have potential for being also for scaling. So SMEs should not be forgotten in the private sector routes to scaling. The bigger kind of question I suppose for the startup community and I've been at some workshops from FAO and the African Union in relation to the availability of investments, the scale startups and that enabling environment is a really a major challenge. And like farmers learn in a peer-to-peer manner, so also do entrepreneurs and the types of entities that we should consider to weave into the GAXA entrepreneurship approach are incubators, accelerators. The types of entities that bring together entrepreneurs so they can learn from each other and that's really important if we want to scale CSA to entrepreneurship. Then we should also think a little bit about the social outcomes of entrepreneurship, rural employment, major challenge facing most rural areas globally, questions around empowerment, human capital, and also the question of what are social entrepreneurship models. So all of that can be weaved into this in a sense. But then coming back to the question of the 600 million small other farmers, their effective purchasing power of those farmers to be attractors in terms of market demand is something we cannot ignore essentially. And so we really need innovative business models and as indicated, as indicated, we really need to think about this last model delivery models, in addition to other models as a multiplicity of different types of farmers that we need to consider. So I think the enabling environment is important, but also the types of entrepreneurs we want to foster and clearly on the right hand side of this slide you can see that just complexity of climate finance and the different scales and levels of that and clearly compasses and other enabling mechanisms are necessary to be able to navigate that for those that seek investment. So clearly we need Shark Tank applicants and if we look at the entrepreneurship landscape globally, there are thousands, tens of thousands of startups and in the aggregate food sector that are emerging all of the time. So what extent the Gaxa community can begin to kind of mobilise those and bring those within the Gaxa fold and the Shark Tank approach can help I think in that respect. As Valentin indicated, you know, it's an application process and bottom up and that it has a range of objectives in terms of the impact criteria expected from that. And clearly a prize and a global showcasing event and that relates to World Food Forum in 2023 here in the headquarters. Next slide. So the challenge as presented is organised around four challenges, one of which is about sustainable and equitable increases in agricultural productivity and incomes and again any applicants that are applying to the Shark Tank should really think about what's the evidence that they can deliver agri-productivity or agri-income increases, what farmers are they targeting, what value chains can they impact upon. The second challenge looks at resilience, the question around adaptation and again the outcomes we all know, but how do you measure increases in resilience, how do you measure increases in resilient livelihoods. So the evidence to attract investment would need to be there and that's a challenge I think for the entire community. Then thirdly, we've got the mitigation question about reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture. Again, measurement is easier in that context, but again, where what types of innovations can be scaled to entrepreneurship that would lead to the largest reductions and fastest reductions in a certain period of time. Then the more social outcomes like gender transformative or social inclusion. Again, questions around measurement, which females, and if we're really interested in, in reaching the produce behind those types of narratives and the questions around elite capture of. So what type of impacts and who are the beneficiaries of agri-entrepreneurship approaches are worth thinking through. Next slide. So these are just some reflections for Shark Tank applicants, really questions like how innovative is your idea and many people have ideas, but really what people invest in or what investors invest in are execution plans. They also invest in teams, not individuals, and clear leadership and role definition within teams is really important. And those teams should have complementary skills. So ideally people with finance and agricultural and innovation knowledge will have higher odds of being invested in essentially. And then if we look at Julius and and Alexandria, they've been developing a minimal viable product and again, for applicants to the Shark Tank approach, do they have something that is a minimal viable product that should deliver, have evidence that will deliver benefits for end users. Are they refining that with end user and customer feedback, and do they have indeed any initial customers that would validate their, their, their innovation. But key to all of this is what he wants to business model and I think from a gaps of perspective, the business models of startups, you know, the ambition of those business models and how they can get to the scale that is necessary within the time scale is, is a something that really needs to be taken into account as to what can be achieved through entrepreneurship. So what scale can be reached by the business model and in what timeframe, and that comes down to numbers, and numbers of customers beneficiaries and end users, and really is the scale of the ambition of the startup and its business model efficient to some to impact on the challenge topic, these are things to just reflect upon. And really there's a lot of tools like entrepreneurship itself, every country promotes entrepreneurship, there's lots of tools and supports for startups, whether in agriculture and it, it's all pretty much the same type of processes, and there's lots of tools for that. One important kind of thing to think through is the differentiation between customers who are those who pay for the infrastructure service and users those who experience it. And so, as Fred indicated, you know, the, the products are the services that farmers experience as users have to be evidence based, they have to deliver impact, but in the case of smallholders it may be the case that they're not the people who pay for those there are others that could pay for them and the user so we can think through the kind of differentiation there. And then coming to the final point about champions and heroes. The whole scale of the CSA challenge is really some in some sense a kind of a heroic challenge and read the gaxa community has within it, and many heroes and champions of climate smart agriculture and climate smart agriculture and really an important function of gaxa is to profile and showcase and enable those heroes so that they become that they they attract more attention and it's we were demonstrating what can be achieved within the time scale so it's really great that the Shark Tank winner would be invited to the gaxa annual forum but also have an opportunity within the world food forum to showcase their activities. So really that that's it from me or university we've been working for about the past 10 years with the climate smart, the sea, sea caps program and CG IR we run a master's program on climate change, agriculture and food security. We've other masters on agri entrepreneurship and sustainability and so forth. And we're really keen to to work with gaxa, particularly in relation to learning entrepreneurship. We also collected, we run the cliff grads PhD fellowship program with the global research Alliance on greenhouse gases so we're very excited to be here and thank you all. Thank you very much, Charles, and we are also very excited that you are here. Also, because of your presentation also showing sometimes it looks so easy to have a competition for startups, but to show us what needs to be done to make it successful. So, you can be assured that we would like to continue working with you and john to further mature this idea to bring it into practice. And as a last speaker, we have already a winner of an, I would say more or less. A short tank approach. It's great to have you here. Just for the caria is from Tanzania. And he was the equity Tanzania hackathon winner from the last edition. It's great to have you here. Thank you floors yours. Thank you so much Hans. I first of all want to say I'm not really from Tanzania but I'm from Kenya. I took part. It's good to see you, my great. So, I took part in the agree hackathon experience that happened between November 2 to November 4 last year, which was organized by domino from the climate social forum, and cause Tanzania conservation voices. And that is why the agree hackathon is called for Tanzania. So, I first of all, happy. Thank you for inviting me to this forum. It's really a great honor. And I'm glad that I'm participating. So, what I want to do fast is to tell you what the agree hackathon experience was like what we did. Now, having listened to the speakers. I think this morning we have handled capacity building we have handled the campus funding program. Now, if you ask me what what I have noticed is that what we did in the agree hackathon experience is actually a test of what that plans to do. So, it was based on three cities that was create connect and collaborate. So there was series of webinars that were arranged. We created teams. We collaborated and of course we got a chance to connect not only for startups, but also for either you and even research organization. So, I was part of one team. Okay, and this team presented an idea, which, which, which actually one. And one thing that next slide please. So, these are the challenges that came up during the webinar series. We were to bring out ideas on any of those women in agriculture mechanization of farming and other activities, all those six. So, part of our team, what what what exactly you are doing was, we chose one of the challenges, and we presented the idea. And of course, this idea was presented to a panel of judges. That is now the shatang approach I was talking about. And some of the things go to slide five some of the things that the judges were looking at. Just go to slide five please. Next and the next one. Thank you. So what what was happening when we were presenting the ideas, the judges were looking at whether the idea was climate smart. The idea was feasible. Was it innovative. Was the idea scalable. And was that teamwork. So one of my team members who unfortunately did not make it is from India. So you can see how we collaborated. Kenya brought me from Kenya, and a team member called push it from India. So we discussed and we decided to present the idea that one. Now, next, next slide please. The next one. Thank you. So, this is the idea that one I just I just want to just tell you about the idea. Then there will be a video that will come up after this of those who participated and the winning teams. This is the idea. Basically, it is from team BCH one. And I was with the cushy from India, and we presented the idea is just a multi story garden technology with customized drip irrigation so those photos are just showing you a glimpse of the idea. I feel I have a lot to tell you but I'll restrict myself to what is there. So it's a vertical farming technology, and it has six stories. So this idea is basically promoting vertical farming and efficient use of water, which is very scarce. And of course, efficient use of land, which, especially the region I come from, I come from Western Kenya, a place called Casey and we are really growing in population and land for farming is not there so farmers need to be innovative. Farmers need to practice farming that will help them multiply their production. At the same time, making sure that they're conserving water, and at the same time making sure that they're using land more sustainably. So it's a technology that multiplies the available space by up to 10 times and of course uses very little water per week, which is a 40 liters. And we also support farmers with the basic agronomic trainings on especially water plant on those gardens. And that drip irrigation is, you can use it for promoting irrigation, which is not so much advanced, something that can be used by the smallest of the farmers down there, the small holder farmers. And just what has been happening is that we have really said that farmers are the unsung heroes, the small holder farmers. We believe this technology is going to help them use water efficiently and of course use the land that is available most efficiently. So we strongly believe that our women and youth in East Africa and Africa in general can turn around the financial incomes if they take up various farming enterprises including the primary production of these horticulture crops of course through this technology. So one of the things that we really propose is that this technology can perhaps be like one case study that perhaps GAXA can take up and maybe do a research and quantify data from this. Like is it possible to multiply production from this technology so that as we promote this going forward, it will be backed up by data and information. So I would like you to watch the video of the participants and the winning teams so that you just appreciate what happened during the Agrihakaton experience. So please you can play the video. So the idea which we fostered that was about the limited land and efficient water technology because we understand that in recent years there will be a lot of populations which will be requiring a lot of land and efficient water technology and efficient land is very much needed. And that's why we fostered this and it was a wonderful experience with Agrihakaton where we presented our idea and our experts to remember us actually understood our concern about the sustainable agriculture field. Thanks a lot Agrihakaton to foster to help us to foster an idea and the business model. My name is Jospat Mokaya and I'm from Kenya. I was part of his team BC H1. I'm glad our solution won. We proposed the idea of multi-storey gardens which is actually a vertical farming. So and we also proposed some customized great irrigation for the multi-storey garden and also efficiently water in the face of the climatic changes that have happened. However, good young farmers enterprise as a food industry addition of the Agrihakaton represented an idea called an looking potential or silly act. And making potential is a project which is going to improve our country's agricultural value chain by setting up Agri support centers in new communities to help small water farmers increase productivity by building on their capacity. Teaching farmers how to maximize on space to produce large volumes using natural systems and also helping them to expand their businesses by connecting them to funding opportunities. Agrihakaton provided us with a platform to build on our idea and find ways to actualize it. Through the mentorship program we have been able to develop the business model ecosystem canva and transaction boards. The process of creating these canvas opened our minds to understand how we can properly establish our idea as a business. Now the experience in Agrihakaton has really been nice. I want to thank Dominique for helping us through in the BMC model and I want to thank also my team member who is coaching. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you very much. With this, I give one or two speakers the possibility to react because we are pressed for time and we have to go to the regional alliances. So if there are one or two reactions, please do. But very briefly, please. Okay, thank you very much. I'm Michael from Nigeria. I'm just a commendation for the presenters. I was able to learn a lot. And I believe that Gaza will continue this process. The papers of quality, the mode of interactions, the sharing of experiences and answering of the questions. So in the respect of that, I will propose for a working group to be set up so that we can be able to harmonize what has been discussed and so that we can be able to move Gaza forward. And I also love the way the tier of able to chairman the process and the quality of the venue was excellent is has been my dream to come to a performance 10 years ago. And I want to thank you for making it to be possible. Thank you everyone. Thank you very much. We certainly come back to you. I, let's go now to the regional alliances because we further develop this idea together with john and Charles, because it made clear how to do it now. We learned from already the practice, but now I invite. Great to sit here and that is going to introduce pictures here. All right. So, I think we've, we've heard so many exciting ideas and I'm very excited for the future of Gaxa moving forward with all these innovations that we have presented here, but I get some comments asking who's going to do this who's who's going to help Gaxa implement this. And I think we should not forget the regional alliances, which is really the powerhouse partners or the main running engine of the alliance. So, at this point we really need to meet them again and see them again the regional alliances, Fred, and it is my pleasure to introduce Fred session, in which we learn from, we learn from the regional alliances which as I said is the main running means of of Gaxa. And we're also one of our alliances where I play a pivotal role in the development of within the Southeast Asian nation. So Fred without further ado the floor is yours. Well, thank you. Sorry. Thank you both chairs for the opportunity and but I also want to thank Valentina, that are Rika for helping us address this program as well. I've got three, three slides just real quickly. If we can bring them up. Are they available. It's coming up. They're not. It's coming up right. If not I can go on. Well, we're waiting for the first slide. If not, I can go. Okay. Well, one of the things that that happened with you know I've been around since the beginning of Gaxa.  It started with us.  But I think it's really important that we own the, the language and make make sure it means the same thing wherever we go. Yeah. So, a few things that we're doing in North America. I'm on the chair of the North American climate smart Ag Alliance and and what we're trying to do that this particular session here is is learn what each alliance or region is going out there. And then we can maybe learn from each other I think just just my own opinion. I think it's probably the most underused thing that we have there we go this is NACSA. Next, next slide. And this is what when we when we tried to put the objectives of what NACSA was trying to be was willing to help inform and educate agriculture force leaders of all the potential of climate change, equip producers and the tools and knowledge they need to make the right decisions mobilize producers to advocate for the need and changes to that light and then okay we'll move on to this the third one is. This is my favorite slide when we put this together for for NACSA and it really is the very very it's a very busy one but you'll see the three circles which overlap. And that represents the three pillars of climate smart agriculture the adaptation resiliency is the middle one but we, you know if you begin with number one and number two and end up with number three. It's it's got to be in the right order so farmers would respond to productivity.  How do we get more out of our land in a better way. And then then we have to adapt and how do we make our, our soils more resilient how do we make the adjustments to the changing climate. And that's where soil health comes in and that's one of the things that's really really enlightening the farmers are now paying attention to soil health more than they ever did before. And I think that is great we always are land grant universities have always told us how to grow a proper crop but but we don't we know hadn't been paying attention to what's happening below the soil surface. Now we are we know the value of that. But as the climate has changed we got to figure out ways that we can use water better and nutrients better and lots of different things but then when we do number one and number two then all of a sudden number three the greenhouse gas reduction happens automatically so when you go talk to a farmer and talk about climate smart agriculture, you have to capture your, your requested in a much different way farmers at one time was. It's very hard to even convince them there was climate change when now that we know that they would they would admit that the weather patterns have changed but we don't believe in climate change well now we know the climate is changing. But in the states we have a lot of issues with water quality and nutrient management was the nutrients go off so what's what's interesting is you get farmers interested in and water quality and those same practices will help the climate smart agriculture so it's important to to to talk to the farmer through the lens he's he's looking at his land. And if you do that, then all of a sudden he becomes a real source of of change in an agriculture. But the thing that some of the things that we're doing in in NAXA, as far as in a regional way is was we use cover crops. You see bio digesters that are stringing up and one of the things that we've heard a couple of times in the last two days is the circular economy or bio economy. That that really helps farmers understand better ways to use things that we normally would have called waste products in the past but recirculate them back in and and have a valuable contribute contribution to to what they were doing. Some of the other things that we are doing is using innovation technology, lots of lots of things that are happening that that you can when you implement some innovations such as precision agriculture as far as planting and using technologies such as artificial intelligence and robotics, you can do some things on it on a way that that it's really size neutral we have a in my own Ohio State University there's there's programs that they're using to use robotics going clear down to a small unit like even two meters wide and have the small robotic operated planters in the field and they also sprayers that you can only spray the weeds and have an 80% savings and and and the chemistry that you use. Plus the fact that you know you only fertilize in ways that there are to whatever points in the field that needed so these are some of the things that we're doing, but I'd really like to hear from some of the other regions. Okay, we got a couple of them here we got Dr Margaret. Is she here. Okay, would you like to go first chair. She's the chair of the ASEAN climate resilience network. So please, you have the floor. Thank you chair. The Asian climate resilience network or actions here and was conceptualized since 2013 and endorsed by the Asian ministers of agriculture and cooperatives. Agriculture and forestry or am up in 2014. So it is now 10 years old. And the ashes are in compose of 10 association, 10 member states of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations or as an is a platform for regional exchange, particularly for sharing information experiences and expertise on climate smart agriculture. And since it's its establishment in 2014, the ashes here and has successfully and vigorously launched activities that aim to ensure adaptation of the agriculture sector to climate change and optimize its mitigation potential. So by now the Asian CRN has facilitated countless partnerships, collaborations, coordination, personal and professional linkages. So mindful of the time I would just like to give you some glimpse of our priorities in which we are mobilizing resources for implementation right now. First is the transformation of low emissions and resilient agri food system and a knowledge exchange event and climate policy negotiation training, which was held in Bali last year. Another knowledge event is the pathways to net zero for agri food and land use systems in Asia held December last year in Bangkok. We regularly hold an Anga virtual, by the way, Anga is the ASEAN negotiating group on agriculture. We hold a virtual workshop and also now our mile milestone actually is the, the, the first of a kind of a multi country proposal from the Green Climate Fund on agriculture readiness grant. And it was launched in COP 27 in Sheikh, in Egypt, and the readiness grant for the enhanced climate finance and implementation of Coronavia joint work and agriculture, which was finally approved and launched the t