Hi everyone, if we can reassemble, Simon is in his office, he's on Skype and ready to talk to us. So in a moment once everyone's in, it'll be Simon Bro. We don't have his slides but he's happy to front his talk to us. So here he is. Simon, welcome. Thank you. Thank you. So we're ready? Let's begin. Okay, first I really want to say that I'm absolutely sorry that I was not able to find a flight for New York. Yesterday night there was a big snowstorm in La Guardia and in Montreal and I had this very surrealistic moment after being four hours on the tarmac in Montreal. We had to go back, you know, I had to go back home and I went through the American custom and the man asked me, so what are you doing? Why did you want to go to the U.S.? And I said to talk about culture and he looked at me and said, why? I said, because that's my job and he said, so are you paid for that? And I said, so it wasn't an interesting moment about going to the U.S. to talk about culture. So I just want to start by saying that by giving some context about the situation of the Canada Council for the Arts right now in Canada, we are in a, as you know, we are an arts funder. So our mission has been for the more than 60 years to champions the art and to support the art to make sure that as many Canadians could enjoy the benefit of the arts. In three years, two years ago, we had the three years ago, we had the new government elected in Canada, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau. And during the election campaign, part of his platform was that if elected, they would double the budget of the Canada Council for the Arts. This is a situation that is absolutely so far unique in the world. We saw over the last few years a slight decline in terms of public investment for the art. And I would argue that the model of an arts council or an organization like the National Endowment for the Arts in the U.S., for instance, is a model that is being marginalized since many years in many, many countries and government in different directions because they are convinced that investment for the arts, if they make any investment, should generate more economic wealth and therefore should be tightly controlled by them, by the bureaucrats or the politicians. So the model of an arms-length agency making decisions about funding the arts with certain independence from the government and being in fact quite free in a way it makes its decision is, I would say, less and less popular across the world. But in Canada, our government made that variable decision to double our budget over five years. And it is at the same, it's so, so in 2021, the Canada Council will enjoy an annual budget of $360 million, which is quite a significant amount of money for our federal funder. But for us, what is really important right now is that we realize that, I mean, it's good to have more results, but at the same time, it's a huge responsibility because the last thing in the world we could do is to try, is to do more of the same. The last thing in the world we would do would be to just distribute that money to the existing clients of the Canada Council, even if they are insisting a lot that they have a lot of needs. We realize that we need to make sure that our investments are transformative and in fact are bringing new powerful voices in the cultural landscape and that we will deal with issues around cultural rights, cultural democratization, the impact of arts on the daily life of citizens and all that in a way that is both innovative and noticeable for our fellow citizens, including for our government. So the Canada Council over the last few years have been through an immense transformation, a radical transformation, and to just give you an idea of the scope of that formation, I arrived as a CEO four years ago and one of the first things I said when I arrived was that there was a need to recreate, to modify the way we do fund the arts, and we went from 150 programs roughly that were devoted to support every possible artistic discipline with the ultimate goal of maintaining what we considered to be a healthy ecosystem. So we went from 150 programs, now six programs. So it means that the vast majority of the staff of the council is occupying new jobs now, working in different teams, and we reinvented completely the Canada Council with the idea that we should have a clear idea of what are the desired outcomes of our investment, that we should have capacity to act in a strategic way as opposed to be only reactive, that we would invest 25% of all the new money that the Canada Council is receiving over five years for students who never got a grant from the Canada Council so far, that we would explore new territories in terms of like the digital, that we would triple our investment for supporting indigenous artists in our country, moving from a very Eurocentric way of supporting indigenous art to support indigenous artists on their own term, so recognizing self-determination and sovereignty of the first peoples of our lands in their choices to express themselves and to conduct their artistic activity, and obviously we also said that international would become more and more prominent in terms of our preoccupation as an arts council, and certainly not in a way that is one way, so not only in terms of trying to make sure that Canadians and artists would present more of their work on the world stage, but also that we would have a reciprocal approach and that we would really try to build sustained relationships with different nations in the world through exchanges with their artists and their artistic companies. Over the last few weeks, I've been traveling a lot, which is a lot outside Canada, and to engage in discussions with friends, UK, Mexico, and to try to explain what will be the terms of engagements that we are proposing for the future on the international stage. And it's also kind of an offset of a big initiative we took last May in Ottawa when we organized the first America's cultural summit, and we invited nearly 200 artists and thinkers and professionals of the art sector, politicians, diplomats from 34 countries of the America to discuss how we could have more link on this continent in terms to advance and to give more space for arts and culture in our respective country, but also in the way we deal or we exchange between our country. What is very fascinating right now is that no matter who you talk with and no matter which country you are trying to have the discussion about the future of the arts, you realize that the major challenges that are confronting various cities and countries are similar and are also deeply interconnected. It's clear that the issues of social isolation, that identity-based clashes, and ultimately a growing deficit of social cohesion are a matter of concern everywhere in the world. This manifests in different ways at different levels from the rise of populism and nativism in the political sphere, right down to racist comments in everyday conversations at the street level. These challenges have been, I would say, exacerbated by a system that prescribes more and more our behaviors, be they political, economic, nationalistic, organizational, and perhaps above all algorithm-driven platforms. In this context, decision-making at the highest levels has been plagued with polemical struggles that place winning an ideological battle over finding real solutions for the good of everyone. This has led to a general sense of disempowerment, resentment, and anger, and widely felt anxiety about what the future might hold. And this sense of disempowerment is only perpetuated as people seek out solutions to the various problems of our world, only to discover that the existing resources are short. But in this quest for a viable solution to create happier, healthier, more secure, and more prosperous societies, however, the arts are often overlooked. This is, in my opinion, an irony. To this, because the arts have the incredible capacity to bring diverse people together, to foster communication among them, and encourage their collective exploration of ideas and human experiences, rather than offering prescriptive or reactive solutions. When I speak about the power of the arts, I'm reminded of how the arts community in Canada came together recently to welcome the over 4,000 refugees who arrived in recent years from Syria. And in December 2015, so three years ago, the Canada Council for the Arts partnered with a private company, Sunlight Financial, and put out a call to offer support to arts organizations that wished to provide free access to refugees to a performance and exhibition or an arts event in their communities. And we had dozens and dozens of organizations across Canada who responded. One of these was the Vancouver's on the West Coast, barred on the beach Shakespeare Festival, which is a not-for-profit professional Shakespeare Festival that presents its play every summer on the waterfront of Vancouver in Vanier Park. In the summer of 2016, barred on the beach prepared to welcome an audience of Syrian refugees, recent refugees, to a production of the Mary Wives of Windsor. Before the performance, they prepared a plot summary written in Arabic to make it easier for the Syrian families to understand. They also sought advice from the refugee service organization that accompanied the Syrians, Immigrant Service Society of BC, and their response was generous. The organization rearranged the connection between the festival, the refugees, and sent members of the team to the performance so that the refugees would recognize a few familiar faces in the audience. During intermission, members of the audience went out of their way to welcome the newcomers, speaking to them and meeting their children. The Syrian families loved the experience. For most of them, it was unlike anything they ever seen before. This initiative, and I could give many, many examples, exemplifies the great potentiality of arts to play a role in promoting greater social cohesion. Though, of course, it required a timely, coordinated response from several players, including arts organizations across our country, not for profit in the immigration sector, a private financial organization, and so on. But this kind of coordinated activity that is not easy at first, but I think it can demonstrate the leadership in responding to emerging issues in our world. And I'm confident that it will become a more fluid process as more and more people look to us to forge the path ahead. But I must say that when I announced that initiative with the Syrian refugees, it was a big surprise, both for my staff and for the artistic community. One, the Canada Council granting agency would care about an issue like that. And my response was that if we don't care about what concerns our fellow citizens, if we don't show that we can partner with other people to address each of our challenges that are important, and we only focus on, you know, what on the arts and saying how great it is, we miss the opportunity to be part of conversations that are meaningful. And in return, we miss the opportunity to demonstrate how relevant the work we do is for people in their daily life. Of course, if we want to play a stronger leadership role in the emerging issues of our in our world, we need to think very carefully about how the arts reflect the diversity of our world. And I'm thinking of an important idea that was introduced. I just mentioned the summit that we had last May. During one of the panel, there was a studies academic named Elisa Chandler, and she noted how there is a lot of discussion in the arts sector right now around the inclusion of marginalized people, but that if they are being included, those marginalized voices into institutions or practices that continue to be racist, colonial, oblivious or other exclusionary practices, then progress is not truly made. She spoke, Elisa, about how she was inspired by the efforts of indigenous artists and arts and arts organizations in our country in advocating to the mainstream whether it be arts funders, leaders in the arts organizations, producers or presenters of the importance to move beyond inclusion and make space for others to lead the way. Indeed, at the Canada Council, we continue to engage in important conversation for how we can make space for marginalized groups to lead the way in the arts, including indigenous artists, as well as those from diverse backgrounds or the deaf and disability communities. Similarly, we look for ways to encourage the art sector that an art sector that reflects gender, parity more and more. But while I'm both proud and excited about the work being undertaken in Canada to make space for indigenous and other historically marginalized artists, I don't want to give the false impression that the divides between peoples in Canada have been entirely healed through the arts. It's not the case, it will take time. Notably, our country continues to engage in a broad conversation about cultural appropriation, largely in connection to indigenous representations in the performing arts. The Canada Council for the Arts is committed to respecting and honoring the right of First Nations, Inuit and Mitzis people of our land to cultural sovereignty. At the same time, there had been much confusion in the wider sector ecology about what this means. Artsists in the mainstream expressed concern about their freedom of artistic expression. There's a discussion right now happening in Canada on how you respect the sovereignty, for instance, of indigenous people and how you respect the need for artistic freedom. And it's sometimes a very complex discussion, a very challenging discussion, because a lot of artists, white artists, have a definition of what artistic freedom is that is very, very close to the perpetuation of privilege. And that conversation that is growing in importance in Canada will not stop because not only the indigenous artists, but artists from different backgrounds, different minorities in our country, are now saying more and more loudly that if we want a vibrant art scene, that art scene needs to present and represent and acknowledge differences that exist in the real world and need to give space for people to tell their own story, stories on their own terms, as opposed to being presented through the lens of a way of doing arts that is very Eurocentric, that is very traditional, or that is very, in fact, the perspective of dominant people about everybody else. Having said this, it is important, I think, that the art should not be instrumentalized by those of us funding producing or presenting artistic work. Artists need independence to explore the issues and ideas that matter to them. Instead, I guess the point for all of us as funders, programmers or presenters is to provide the artists with the support and the space they need to autonomously direct these conversations. We do, however, have an important role to play in advocating to leaders within the art sector and in the other sectors about the power and the responsibility of the arts. The very great French writer, Victor Hugo, used to repeat that everything that grows dumb grows visibility. One doesn't go without the other. We think that discussion about art has to be more and more a discussion about values, about public values, about and disconnecting the discussion between arts and the discussion around public values is very, very dangerous because it will only perpetuate the gap between the art sector and the rest of the society, a gap that never stopped to grow over the last 50 years, certainly in our country. So it's very clear that we need to, for us, that we need to kind of reframe the discussion about the importance of the art and society. And this is why when we organized that Summit of the America last May, we invited the UN Special Rapporteur, Karima Benon, and she was the opening speaker and she made a speech defining cultural rights as human rights. So explaining that those rights, those cultural rights, are not disconnected of the human rights and they have the same importance and they carry for the people who believe in those rights, the same responsibility of integrity, of authenticity of so. And she was saying that the human rights agenda is an example of where we might bring the art sector more strongly to the table and that there are many, many more areas where we need to consider. I think that as we uncover new opportunities, we will be surprised that we did not think of them sooner. The arts belong in almost any conversation that has to do with making our society more cohesive, more inclusive. I just want to finish by saying that it is imperative that those of us in the arts that we work together above and beyond the borders that divide us. We may be smaller players in our respective countries, but together across the world, we are critical mass that can get the attention of key decisions makers in our countries and around the world. This was the idea behind the America's Cultural Summit, where we brought those delegates coming from all these different countries and together we drafted a call to action with a view to first promote value of arts and culture in public life. Second, advance the idea of cultural rights, foster inclusive societies, embrace exchanges between peoples in the Americas region, acknowledge the rights of Indigenous people and finally, cultivate diversity of cultural expressions. In an era of strengthening borders, strengthening borders, increasing nationalism and isolationism, this collective statement signals the unique position of the arts. We're ready to work together above and beyond our borders to have a real impact on the world and it is an affirming, optimistic way of looking at the world today. And why shouldn't we take this approach? All of us already have a deep understanding of the power of the arts, I think. Now is the moment for us to unite in a commitment to unleash this power throughout our respective society and around the world. And this is why we believe in networks like ArtsLink and other networks that we're very active in and we believe that all those gatherings are important because more than ever, the like-minded people can really make a difference if they come with ideas that are bold, that are strong and if we spend more time to discuss those ideas with the people outside of our sector. So this is my communication for today. I thank you very much. Simon, thank you so much. We hope you can come to New York soon. We need your perception and powerful advocacy here. Please come soon. I hope the same and I'm coming to do it. I think again the fact that we are in this very, very unique position of having the trust of our government and having more resources than ever, I think for us it's a complete moment of reinvention and maybe we have something to communicate about the importance of that reinvention and the need for not repeating over and over the ideas and the same words and the same recipes. And we're looking for more exchanges with everybody around the world to understand their context and see how we come with plans and ideas that will really lead the future. Simon, thank you so much. Merci beaucoup. Merci. A bientot.


Okay, at this stage, I actually want to turn shading back on so I can get a feel of what the shape actually looks like. So, making sure that my mouse is in this view somewhere, I'm just gonna press five on the keyboard, or you can click on this button here, and that'll turn the shader display on. What this does though, is it shows up an issue that we're gonna have. And that's that, this is a room, but we can't see inside it. Oh, we could if we wanted to zoom in, like so. You can see we're now inside the room, but it's a little bit difficult because the walls in the foreground just kind of want to get in the way all the time. So what we're gonna do is turn something on that will hide those whenever they are in the way. And what that is, is back face culling. So in order to do that, we're going to click on mesh display at the top of the screen, and then we're going to go down to under the normal section, reverse. And what that does is reverses which way the face would be facing if it was one-sided and we're about to make it one-sided. So we want, at the moment it's facing outwards, but we're gonna turn it around and make it facing inwards. So we'll click on reverse. At that stage, it should kind of go orange and black color, that's ace, that means it's working. Don't click on it, make sure it stays that color.  When you click on that, you'll see that those walls in the foreground are hidden so you can now see in the room really nicely. Okay, so I'm now just gonna deselect it, and if I just move around the room, you'll see that the walls reappear once they're the far walls. So that's gonna make it really useful as we're creating this room project. What I'm also gonna do at this stage is turn off the grid. The grid is often very useful, but it's equally irritating in the way sometimes as well. So what we're gonna do is turn it off so that it's not in the way, and it's really easy to turn off. At the top of what we'll call the panel menu, so that's the menu at the top of each panel, you'll see that there is an icon for that grid, and if you click on it, it disappears, which is useful and easy.


Let's dedicate them back today for another spark video. Huge shout out to everybody too, and if you want to subscribe, make sure you subscribe, and give me a thumbs up, and do not skip those ads. It is June 6th, and it's time for us to get to this bag. In this video, today was absolutely terrible. Actually, our second worst day we've ever had on a spark, baby.  So you guys, what I make sure you stay tuned to the full video. Also, if you want to buy some of the merch, all you gotta do is email me, and let me know what you want. The email address is www.roamhouse.gmail.com. Let me know what you're trying to do, baby. And while the flow stick like the flu, I hope you guys enjoyed the video. Make sure you subscribe, and make sure you give me a thumbs up, and do not skip those ads. It's time to get to this bag. Let's go. No, it's raining. You know what we about to do. Order 6.8 miles for 1817. It's time for us to get this green. Order number two, what to do? Oh, Walmart two orders, 4.8 miles for $23. We a holla, we poppin' our collar. Let's go. We are here to jump off order number one. Oh, snap. They got this chair. They got the chair, baby. They got the lawn chair. They got this too. Let's go drop this off. We going to the next one, baby.  They're moving kind of slow today too. So I don't know. Either way it go. We about to scour, let's go. I think I'm gonna put it right here. I'm gonna put it right here. Put it in the front door just that close to right here. It's probably close to the kitchen. Lock on that door though. Just in case you wanna come on here and get busy.  Then we got a few bags. Bam, bam, bam, bam, bam, bam, bam, bam, bam, bam, bam. Step back in on the floor, you know what I'm saying? Man, let's go. So I'm on order number two.  Let's go. Gotta go up these stairs right here. Back in the day, we used to be getting in at this. This is telly, baby. We used to be getting in. You know what I'm talking about? I knew it was gonna be with the news people. I knew it was gonna be with the news people that worked in here. Used to be out here getting in. And it's like, so people come from like over. Did they come from Jamaica or something like that? Here, for summer. How you doing, sir? All right, how you doing, man? I'm doing great. I can't complain. Whoo, look at all this stuff, baby. They got a lot of stuff. Me the way, you know we're about to get to this door. So I'm gonna grab that. I'm gonna grab this bag too. Bam, I'm gonna grab these. Dr. Pepper, and then I'm gonna grab this yogurt. Then we're gonna come back and get the other stuff. We're gonna keep on getting busy. We're gonna move kind of swiftly. So guys, make sure you pay attention, baby. Pay close attention. They said put everything to the right of the door. Hey, doggie, doggie, doggie, doggie. This is gonna come over here and get busy. It's hot. I don't know who'll put something to the left of the door. That doesn't make very much sense. But hey, a lot of people do a lot of crazy things. Either way, we're about to get this brain. What's going on? Dang, something's leaking out of this stuff. Oh, that's that bonk, bonk chicken. Oh, it's leaking all in the bag too. This is terrible. You don't have to wipe this joint out.  Look at this. Dang it. That's my thing joint out. Eesh. Hey, now only one of them put this in a trunk. That's disgusting. Maybe we'll come back and get that juice when we're gone on to the next one. Guess what else, guys? Look, both for the people's name were Megan. Isn't that crazy? Two Megan's. Get that juice when we're gone. I had to put the kick-dose on today, guys, because guess what? It's rain. And I have my other shoes, my little walkie shoes, but them joints are getting wet. That might mean my socks are getting wet, so. You gonna drop this right here? No. We're gonna step back. I'll take the photo. Step back and on the photos. Max. Just like that, we are here, drawing order number two. What it do, baby? This rain. It ain't rainin' that bad, though. It's actually pretty decent. I was gonna switch the whole fit, but this hoodie is doin' justice, you know what I'm talkin' about? And it's keepin' me from bein' extra warm while movin' around. Really findin' the brain, in this case, it was wonderin'. You know what I'm talkin' about? In this case, you wanna come over here and get busy. Get that corn on the cob. Get that corn from the cob. Checkin' with Pete. Got that corn from the cob. That's a hot bottle. I'm gonna take another trip, too. I'm gonna put this over here. I really don't wanna put it on there. Got dirt like that, baby. So we gotta get another case of soda and this tissue, baby. Step back and on the photo, you know what I'm talkin' about? Max. For 10, 15, we are gettin' this green. Let's go! Two items from, it says Lisa's. Maybe it's the last thing, because this happened last time. Yeah, that's it. Yeah, they got McCarrion. You went to, you said Tennessee? Texas. How did you like it? Was it burnin' up hot out there? Yes. Score. Man, I don't like that heat like that. That'd be too much. Yeah, it was really hot, but also really enjoyable, because it wasn't here. Oh yeah, I mean, always, that's always. Yeah. Alrighty, we'll see you soon. Baby, it's dolly time. They got these two things of, just paper, paper, paper, paper. What y'all know about that? Comment below and let me know. Let me know about that paper. Make a willows on paper, paper, paper. I'm gonna use the dolly. Honestly, ever since that whole situation with the bending of the dolly, I'm kinda nervous using dolly now.  We can't keep on buying them. At least we got this one. Yeah, and we're gonna do, try to do some reconstruction on the other one, see if we can. But I don't really wanna bend it back because it's gonna make it weaker. So, you know, I'm a welder by trade, just in case you don't, no, see, it's a lot that y'all don't know. Either way, go with time for us to scone, baby. Bring on this paper. You got the baby up. You got the room, you know, Mrs. John. There, John. Well, how about delivery for Lisa? Uh, sure, if I can get you a mask, let me know. See where you can put that for. I used the half of what I forgot at this time. Okay, I'll get you one. Thank you. Gotta put on the mask-y, put on the mask-y. Thank you. Where exactly would you like me to put on? I wanna make it as easy as possible for you guys. Sure, if you could put them right there. That would be perfect. You're welcome. And then, just a signature on here. Thank you very much. You guys have a great day. This rain just started coming, man. It's crazy. That's what I'm talking about, man. I don't know what's going on, Stone Cold. It's critical. This order to get an order, baby. Want to come out? You know what I'm talking about? Let's go.  I gotta walk on the grass a little bit. Geez, I might have put my kick-dose back on. I took them off, because it wouldn't rain no more. Now it's raining at the end. I don't know what to do. The weather don't know what it want to do. I thought it was going to be sweet. That was a game. But to do our thing, we're switching lines. You know what I'm talking about? Bop, bop. I really don't want to put this stuff on the wet floor, but you know what we gotta do, we gotta do.  It's fine for you, you know what I'm talking about? Something like this high. That's the thing, we're about to get this green. Bop, bop. Step back to the floor, you know what I'm talking about? I didn't press something in my pocket. So, man, let's go. Two order, three point two miles for $27.06. Hopefully we get in the mix, let's go. We are here to drop off order number one. It's time to get it done.   I don't know how much of the tip my business partner had on her phone. It was a first come, first serve too. So luckily we got it, because I don't, it's been critical, guys. Comment below and let me know if your area's been bad too. Maybe we can, very little order. And this gas is so high. Now I'm talking about, if we had to, we could have an infinity, infinity right? $103, can you believe that? 103. 103 like you and me. So now what we're doing is we're trying to implement some different ideas with the driving and everything because staying in, that's what we do. Oh, we don't bust off this. With the driving and everything. So we're trying to do one car. You see how that works out for us because that gas is way too high for that SUV, dude. It was cut into our profit. It's cut into that money, baby. That money, baby, money, money, money, money. We ain't havin' that, baby. I told you guys this before. We gotta do this as long as we can while it lasts. You never know it might be gone. So we gotta get it in while we can. We get to these bands either way or go. I might have to find another way to get this dough. We gon' get it. Get in with the photos. Mac, let's go. Just like that, we are here to draw up order number two.  Woo-hoo, woo-hoo, I'm gonna get these stuff. Let's leave this in the box. Got some Kellogg's bars. I'm gonna triple fail. I don't know if y'all can see that on the camera or not.    They actually saw us putting these on, but so, they know we're here to do that. Come on, come on. Stay back, it's false. Mac, let's go. Order six, God force, bless us. Oh, one by two orders, five by two miles for 23, 22. You know what it's time to do. Order number seven, it's all. Two orders, six by one miles for 30, 71. It's time to get it done, let's go.  You know what I'm talking about? I'm moving kinda fast, we be trying to have a blast. Step back on the false, Mac, go back, let's do it. We are here to draw up order number two. You know what it's time to do, baby. They got some bonk, bonk, chicken, chicken. Oh, guess what, guys? I'm gonna tell you guys a secret that we did. Because we split that stuff in that bag, well, I don't know how the stuff got split in this bag, but it got split in the bag. We actually went in Wal-Mart and took some of those things. You clean up your cart when you're trying to push the cart, like to desanitize everything. But it's a sanitize everything. So we did that, baby. We worked the inside of the bag also. It won't be slumbered and all that stuff. Look at them up. They ain't got that much room right here. Ain't got a lot to do. I'm gonna go right here, baby. Scoot that back a little bit. Put that on the top. They got that bread. Yeah, they're getting this bread, you know what I'm saying? You know what I'm saying? They're getting this bread. Hope it ain't messy with no bread. Chop some of the thyme, chop some of the thyme here. Chop some of the thyme. I need some of these bricks to loosen these guys too. I'm not trying to mess with these stuff and knock it over. Step back, hit it with the photo, you already know. I keep on hitting that button every time. Hitting that button microwave up. Step back, hit it with the photo, smack, let's go. We are here to drop off order number one. It's time to have some fun. Hey, comment below and let me know if the Spark app has done an update in your area too. It's like an update. They changed a little few things. They should have been changing them, some three things I've said before, but they kind of switched it up when you get to the house and everything. You got to hit all these buttons a thousand times. It's too much. You just have to let the hard work with that. We need that, baby. Put it up like that. Let that burn it, go, go, go. You heard what I said. Step back on the phone, smack, let's go. Two we hear, baby. When you come out, they got a decent amount of groceries. Honestly, I wish they were out here, so I know if I need to put it about a front door, if they were like a better part of the garage, but the garage door is open, so I don't know. It doesn't say put it about a garage or anything on the app. So I'm going to go with the front door. Let me bring the door real first. I'm going to wait a few seconds and then if they don't come out or anything, we'll keep on moving. Hello. I'm here with your Walmart order. Would you prefer it right here or? Put it inside the garage. Okay. Thank you. Alrighty, you're welcome. Inside the garage. Someone put it close to this right here, so they can come out and get it easily. Jump it like it's hot.  Smoke a big squirt, a ski. That's everything. Take a photo. Alrighty, you have a great day. Thank you. You're welcome. Order number eight is going terrible, but we got a skate. One more tour of 614 miles for 1389. Don't look. Don't blame me, baby. Blame spark. I don't know what's going on. We need to where it go. We got to go get a casino. Get to this door. Let's go. We are here to jump off order number one. We get to Telly, baby. At the Telski. You know what I'm talking about? My biggest part of it is telling me, people actually live at this hotel. It's kind of crazy, you know. But hey, people got to do what they got to do. They got to live, you know what I'm saying? Some people can't, you know, they got to live. Maybe they like this better. I was just thinking that I was just talking to her about maybe we should invest in the hotel because guess what? We don't have to deal with like tenants kind of because we can just they don't pay their room. Just to pay however much they got to pay then they get to get out. Probably a little easier. I don't know. But sometimes I'm looking to, I almost actually, guys, I almost actually bought this place that wasn't a motel before. That was like three or four years ago. But I couldn't get it because my loan wouldn't allow it. It was like two, two buildings and one had like three units. That was like the hotel and then the other one had like a four unit building. But I wasn't as savvy as a real estate investor then. So I didn't really know how to do it. I just had a regular loan, I need to go to 325. Over here, give me dog. Hello, how you doing, sir? What are you doing, what are you doing? Playing. Thanks, sir. You know, I just need a signature if you can sign it real quick. All right, I appreciate it. You have a good one. I'm off order number two. I have to find out which one it is because I'm gonna have to walk around the whole building to find out which one it is because I don't know exactly which one it is because it's like a apartment complex kind of disorder. But it's like kind of like townhouse kind of disorder. But man, we still, it's not to be two o'clock, baby. We still got like $40 more to get. It's terrible. It's been terrible. Comment below and let me know if it's been terrible in your area.  I know stuff is starting to change, but sheesh. You might have to do something else, baby. Anybody go, you know we're gonna sco, baby. Wherever we go, y'all go with us. If y'all really rocking with the campaign, you know what I'm saying? If y'all really doing your thing. And if you ain't subscribed, make sure you subscribe button. Give me a thumbs up and do not skip those ads. I'm gonna take this picture. We're gonna continue to get to this bag. Let's go. Order 90s and then we spin. One by one and four by three miles for 241. You know we about to get it done. Order number 10 is all the way smart up. Four by two or six point four miles for 1389. We are not doing fine. This is terrible, baby. And just so you guys know, we're not even gonna hit our goal today. Because we're gonna do these orders. Let's begin to, let's begin like a tip later on or something. Get a cash tip or something. We gotta do these two orders and we're still gonna be like five or $6 short, baby. But either way, go. We're gonna continue to get to this dough and hopefully we sco, let's go. Here, baby, jump off this order number nine. We only go out today in the time, but it's gonna kind of, oh, dang. I had to go all the way around to the other side. The other door to get busy. How you doing? Let's see this, baby. 13, is that on this floor? All right, appreciate it. I'm here with your Walmart order. There you go. Also need a signature. Thank you, you have a good one. You're welcome. What would you like, like this one? Which one is the bigger one? The four in the bottom. Okay, see, I can put this in the car. You can put the other one in. All right, y'all got busy, huh? And when does Yuzzi slow down? Around what time? Yuzzi gets there around 7.30. For real? Yeah, well, it's not really busy all the time, but like if anything, like 7.30 and it's just where you get to go. All right, yeah, in the bag, yeah, I appreciate it. Just like that, we are here to jump off order number one, baby. We're not having any fun. It's time to be more traffic now too. It's like almost 3.30, baby. I'm talking about today's been a long day and not gonna do it all in a super long day, but we're still gonna jump on another order to get an order, baby. You don't have to go all the way up to go get some gas. How you doing, boss? All right. All right, I appreciate it. I'm gonna take a little photo real quick. All right, you have a good one. Just like that, we are here to jump off order number two. It's a little sick, like, it's a little, you know what I'm talking about? Just go here, like this off right here. And here's an easy one. Something, something like that, John. Drop like that.  Today has been a long day, guys. Probably like the second worst day we've had because we didn't even hit our goal. Hopefully we did because we had to wait at Walmart for a while and I don't know if you guys know, but if you have to wait at Walmart for a while, they give you like extra, extra money. So it's called like extra effort. I ain't even know back there, John. I'll put it in here. Hit it with the photo. Slam, thank you, ma'am. Let's go. And just like that, it is the end of the video. I hope you guys enjoyed the content. We did not hit the goal, baby. We only made 197.13, but we did get some green, but it was very slow in between, baby. I just want to tell you guys that. But I want to tell you guys this. No matter the cost, you got to get up in the morning and get busy. No matter what it may cost, no matter if you had a bad day, good day, no matter what happened, tomorrow you'll be back at it, like a crack at it. So you guys want to make sure you lock in, this car is out of control. You guys want to make sure you lock in and it's not about, this is how I judge people. It's not about how you act when you win, it's about how you act when you lose. And we're not going to win every time, baby. But either way, good, we're going to get on the grind. We're going to get out, we're going to get out there and put our best foot forward every single day so we can get this cake. I hope you guys enjoyed the video. Also, if you want to buy some of the bars, you can always email me at broshonsonfusiongmail.com And let me know what you want, baby. You see what I got on? That's that really far to bring, the best bring on planet, baby. If you ask me, I'll see you guys on next one. We go over, we go over before you already know this, DDK and I'm on my way.


Islam arrived in India within a century of its inception. In quite a substantial sense, Muslims set their foot on Indian soil before Muhammad bin Qasim arrived with his army from Arabia in 725 AD. The Muslims of India faced their greatest trauma in the wake of the partition in 1947. It was their moment of truth when the countries stood divided on the basis of the two-nation theory, propounded by the Muslim League under the leadership of M.A. Jinnah. India became a secular state in sharp contrast to the theocratic newly created state of Pakistan at the dawn of independence. Indian Muslims had the advantage of guidance of stalwarts in India's national movement, notable among them, besides Maulana Zad, Rafi Ahmad Qidwai and Dr. Zakir Hussain. The latter rose to be the president of India. I think the Indian cinema is a symbol of secularism. It's a symbol, why it became a symbol? It's being seen by the people of the country and that consists of so many people belonging to different faiths. If you see the film, they go and see the star and the actor performing over there. They don't go into the theatre that this fellow belongs to or a legion and we will see his film. As you know, that Mr. Deep Kumar, who is a Muslim, he's been considered by every Indian, whether he's a Hindu or a Muslim or a Christian or a Sikh, as a great actor. He has contributed a lot to the Indian cinema. He's got a great prestige for India, from abroad also, and through his performances, I think every Indian respects him. All the top stars today are Muslims in India and it's a pride for us. If you look at the prominent people who have made a mark for themselves, people who immediately come to my mind of people like Rafi Sahib in the singing, there's Kya Sahib, Mehboob Sahib, then there's Dilip Sahib, then there's Naushat Sahib in music. I might be missing a few here and there, but when you look at the current plot, you see the likes of Salman Aamir Shah Rukh, and then the younger ones like Saif Ali Khan, who are making an impact. You have A.R. Rahman in your music, you've got Anu Malik.  They're the contributors, you know. Practically in the writing field, I suppose, in the lyrics department, they have made a lot of contribution. We have enormously huge names in that like Saeed Luthihan, Majroo Sultanpuri, Kefi Azmi, who have made contributions to this thing. In the construction industry, we're sitting in Bombay today. Lokhandwala is the biggest name. He's a Muslim. Rijwi is the biggest name. He's a Muslim. So he gets work, but he keeps doing it. Azim Premji is an ideal example of the Muslim contribution and quest to come into the mainstream and belong. Like this, for example, there's another gentleman in South India, in Vannambadi. He quotes the leather price of the world each morning. The Muslim Zardozi workers, they export is worth about 40,000 crores. So you can imagine how much contribution they are making to the exchequer by way of foreign exchange earnings.


What is up everybody? This is Chris from the Rewired Soul where we talk about the problem but focus on the solution. If you're new to my channel, my channel is all about mental health. So if you're into that, make sure you subscribe and ring that notification bell. And as you probably know, something that can affect our mental health greatly is relationships. More specifically, awful relationships. Like have you ever stayed in a relationship? Way, way, way too long. I know I have. All right? And in this video, we're going to discuss why we do that and hopefully discover some solutions to get us out of a bad relationship or help prevent us from getting in a bad relationship and being stuck in the future. Real quick, forgot to tell you, if you didn't know, I have a new channel. I'm uploading a lot more over there. All the info is on the new channel. But anyways, check the description, check the pinned comment down below. Go subscribe to the new channel. There's already like four or five videos up there. All right, peace. So the first thing that we need to come to terms with is that although we'd like to tout ourselves as like, oh, we're humans. We're at the top of the food chain. We're such rational people and all this other stuff. Like although we can make smart decisions, like for the most part, we're a rational and we don't even know it. Okay. And one of the leading dudes who like was the forefront of behavioral economics and discovering how irrational we are was this dude. He is a Nobel Prize winner. His name is Daniel Kahneman. And I just think like a great example of human irrationality is this pen experiment he did. And what he discovered is say a person is out of store and they're going to buy a pen. Okay. They're going to buy a pen for $16. All right. Then they find out you drive down the road 10 minutes and you can get that same pen for $1 saving 15 bucks. Right. Most people would do that. But you know what most people wouldn't do? Let's say they were buying an expensive piece of clothing or let's say a TV. I think in the experiment he said like an expensive jacket, but let's say TV. Okay. So let's say you're out of store. TV is 500 bucks. You find out that 10 minutes down the road, you can get that same TV for $485. Most people wouldn't do that. They'd just be like, whatever, it's only 15 bucks. I'll get this TV. That makes no rational sense because we're talking about the exact same $15 savings and the exact same 10 minute drive. All right. People are irrational. Okay. So let's start talking about irrationality in relationships. So for a long time, behaviorism was like the thing in psychology. Some of you who have taken psychology classes, you've probably heard of like Ivan Pavlov.  He found out that when you pair ringing a bell with food, you know, they start to salvate and everything like that. Well, eventually this new psychologist came around. His name was BF scanner and he really like took behaviorism and just gave it some rocket fuel. Okay. And basically with his different experiments and everything like that, he found that like, not just people, but even animals, we are driven by rewards. All right. We want things that give us pleasure. We want to get away from things that give us pain. Okay. Makes sense. Like I'm a recovering drug addict. I wanted drugs. Made me feel good. You know what I mean? Maybe your comfort is, you know, food or sex or TV or shopping or whatever it is. It can explain a lot of the bad habits that we do. All right. And basically he found out that there's a trigger of behavior and then a reward. When we do that cycle, it starts to groove in our neural pathways and it makes that habit even stronger and stronger and stronger.  So the next time you get stressed, your brain's like, Oh, okay, ice cream made me feel better. I'll do that again. And then you turn out looking like me. All right. Well, anyways, this other psychologist ended up coming around. His name was Leon Festinger. Okay. And he's like, okay, behaviorism is cool and all, but it doesn't exactly explain all of human behavior because if people are driven by rewards and things that make them feel good, like why do people pursue things that make them feel bad? And I think a great example is they did a study on fraternity bros. Okay. And basically what they found was is the harsher that the initiation process was for frat brothers, the more they liked that fraternity. All right.  Okay. So based on behaviorism, that makes absolutely no sense, right? Like, why would you like something more based on the pain that you went through? And that's when Leon Festinger came up with something called dissonance theory. So some of you have heard of cognitive dissonance. So when we have these two conflicting ideas or beliefs, and basically this causes a little chaos in our brains and we try to figure out a way to justify it. So when you look at the fraternity brothers, they're like, okay, you know, this must be a good thing. Or why would I go through that hell? So circle that back to relationships. Think about that for a second. Why do we stay in terrible, awful, hopeless relationships for so long? Okay, think about that. Think about all the fights you've been through.   So we use that as a justification to stay in that relationship. Like, can you relate to that? Right? Can you relate to sitting in that relationship and being like, well, I've been through all this hard stuff. So this, this must not be a bad thing, right? This is worth it. You know, in some instances, I know this happened to me before, and maybe it's happened to you where the, the harder a relationship is, the more we feel like we love that person. And this is another form of cognitive dissonance, right? Like, why else would we do it? Why else would we go through all this if we didn't just absolutely love this person? And because of this, we get stuck in that relationship. So the second thing I want to talk about in here is something called the sunk cost fallacy. All right? So economics, like, I remember I took an economics in my class in my, you know, one semester in college, I was like, this is lame, right? But what fascinates me is behavioral economics. So economics, they came up with this thing called sunk, sunk cost fallacy, right? People just throwing good money at bad money, like keep investing, keep investing, keep investing, and it's not working out. And basically the idea is, well, I've already put this much in. So I need to keep putting money into it. All right?  And throughout the years, you've paid for all these different repairs. It just keeps breaking down. I used to see this all the time, all the time when I worked in the car service industry, people spent so much money fixing up a car that they kept fixing it. And I'm like, yo, just get rid of that car, all right? But this is the sunk cost fallacy. I've already put so much money into it. So I need to keep putting money into it. Another example of the sunk cost fallacy is with war, right? This happened during the Vietnam War. George W. Bush, he did this with sending the soldiers over to Iraq. What these presidents will say is, you know, we need to stay in this war or else all the soldiers we lost would be in vain, right? Think about that for a second. When we're talking about the money aspect of it, like you're never going to get the money you already spent back. That's just not how this thing works. So when it comes to war, you're not going to get soldiers' lives back by throwing more soldiers into it who are potentially going to die. Now, think about that with your relationships, right? Think about this sunk cost fallacy. We look at it as like time, right? I've already put so much time into this. So now I need to put more time into this. Like the biggest thing I hear from people who go through a breakup is this, all right? I bet you've said it before. I can't believe I wasted so much time, right? And part of the reason we waste so much time when we stay in these relationships so damn long is because of that sunk cost fallacy, all right? So what's the solution?  Basically, the first step is just self-awareness. It's self-awareness. If you're in one of these relationships right now, just look at it. Like, now you know. I rung that bell. You can't unring it, right? Like, you know, you can at least sit there and look at it and say, oh, okay. If you're single right now, what I did before getting in a relationship with my beautiful girlfriend Tristan is I started to recognize these things, even though I didn't know like the psychological terms, I started recognizing the fact that I am somebody who stays in terrible relationships way too long. So when I was dating, if I saw a certain amount of red flags, I'm like, nope, I pumped those brakes. I pumped those brakes. I'm like, I'm not getting caught up in this, right? Because I'm the type of person where once I start investing in a bad relationship, I keep sinking cost into that relationship. All right? But anyways, if you have a friend who does this or is currently doing this, just slide this video over their way and maybe they'll get some clarity. All right? But anyways, you guys asked me to do this over on my Instagram. So if you're not following me over there, go follow me on Instagram and Twitter at the rewiredsoul. And if you liked this video, please give it a thumbs up. If you're new, make sure you subscribe and ring that notification bell and a huge, huge thank you to everybody out there supporting the channel over on Patreon, as well as everybody who supports the channel by buying my mental health books at the rewiredsoul.com and the mental health merch in the rewiredsoul shop. All right? Thanks again for watching. I'll see you next time.


Odd 1 out. The teacher writes four words on the board, three of which are related to each other in some way, for example banana, apple, car, strawberry. The students have to say which word is the odd 1 out. This activity can be done with objects or pictures in place of words. Thanks so much for watching. We are I-T-T-T, the leading provider for TEFL and TESOL training courses. If you like this video, please subscribe by clicking the button down here and click on any of the videos here on the left for more interesting teaching tips for getting certified to teach English abroad and online.


Hello and welcome to NewsClick. Today we have with us Dr. Satyajit Rat and we will discuss what we have been doing right through COVID-19 and what things look like today. We're going to discuss WHO's announcement that antibodies are there for at least three months. Now a lot of people have interpreted this to mean that after three months maybe the antibodies are not there in the body and therefore infections can reoccur and there have been some isolated cases of where people have talked about reinfections. So Satyajit, antibodies will not be there, it's not what WHO has said. So should you clarify what they really mean and what are the results they're talking about and what does it mean for vaccine-induced immunity as well?  So here is what- A rare change for you, right? Thank you for appreciating it. So here's what happens. The virus comes in and as we've discussed there isn't one thing called immunity that is triggered. There's a whole number of interlinked but separate responses of the body that are activated in response to the virus reinfection. One of those is an antibody response. Now the data that have accumulated, the evidence that has accumulated over recent months which is what the WHO note is referring to have generally begun to show the following. Number one, they are showing that most people who are infected, the overwhelming majority, more than 90% of people who are infected with SARS-CoV-2 make antibody responses. Secondly, the overwhelming majority of these people who have made antibody responses stay antibody positive meaning their antibodies persist in their bodies for at least months. This is what WHO is saying. This is underlined by WHO because there were initial worries and fears that even in the first three months there may be substantial fractions of people, percentages of people who will go from being and having antibody to not having antibody. The general indication seemed to be that that's not a large fraction of people. What happens after three months is not that everybody's antibody just shuts off. What happens is we begin to get a lot of variation. In some people it will go, antibodies will persist, in some people they will not, in some people they will decline by six months, nine months, whatever. All of this is unsurprising to people who have been studying coronavirus immunity. Remember, this is not coronavirus. This is just one coronavirus. There is a range of its cousin, coronavirus, is that we are familiar with. The fact that antibodies against any coronavirus infection don't last for very long times uniformly in everybody is not surprising to people who study coronavirus infections and immunity, other coronavirus infections and immunity. They are common cold. The common cold coronavirus. We have many situations where the same common cold coronavirus causes an infection in the same person twice in a year because the antibodies have disappeared. Now, so this is the background of the WHO note. It is not to be interpreted as everybody's antibody is disappearing at the end of three months. It is to be interpreted as for three months, most people will retain antibodies. After that, it will vary from person to person, how long the antibodies stay. So that's one point. A second point that's useful to remember is that, as I said, antibodies are not the only immune response against the virus. There are, there is another category of immune response called T-cells.  So, these are much harder to test for. So there is even less evidence about them. But that evidence says that people who have become antibody negative have still been shown to have T-cell responses. Now, neither of these, neither the antibodies that have been tested nor the T-cells that have been tested are proven to be protective. Okay. They're there, but it doesn't mean they're causing what is called protective immunity. Exactly. On the other hand, clearly we do have situations where even if I lose antibodies, that doesn't mean I have lost all triggered immunity. I still have T-cells. So if they work to protect, then I have some protection. So it's quite possible that there is a sort of messy situation where we don't know how much of the immunity is protective. We know some of the immunity is short-lasting, but some of it is likely to last longer. And each one of us is likely to have some variable combination of these things. In this, also there are what are called B-cells, which are supposed to be memory of the infections and trigger then the protective immune response. So absolutely, right? And nobody has tested those either. In fact, even though T-cells have been tested, memory B-cells haven't been tested at all except for one set of evidence that I've seen. So we don't know. But the bottom line is, and here's where I'm going to sound optimistic as a guess. My guess is that because of this, most people who have the infection once are likely, even if they are reinfected, to have milder illness. Coming to the question of reinfections, there are also some examples you've been talked about where reinfections is said to have occurred. Now, in the very large number of cases which are there in the world today, and we have the total number is really very large, number of reinfections of this kind reported that really you can count with the fingers of our hands. So effectively, it seems a rare occurrence. But could you explain that the chances of reinfection or at least within five, six months is why it is so rare and this is likely to be only an outlier? So this is going to be a very unsatisfactory answer because it's essentially going to say that in none of the cases of reinfection that have been anecdotally described, do we actually know that it's reinfection? And here's why we don't know. How do we know that there's infection? Because you test the fluid and you find virus viral irony. Let's not even worry about whether that's whole infectious virus or not. You find viral irony. You test 15 days later, you find that you test 15 days later, you don't find it.  Now, is this reinfection or is it just that one of these tests was just technically not right and missed finding the viral irony? Most of the reinfection stories we hear fall in this category. And therefore, in most of them, it's at the moment impossible to distinguish between the possibility that it's an infection and the possibility that these people are that very small and interesting and important minority who clear virus very, very, very, very, very, very slow. The cases have been up to nine months that the virus stays in the water. So therefore, it's more likely to be that kind of an outlier than a reinfection outlier. It's certainly as likely to be that as this. So both hypotheses stay and it's difficult to say which is which. And since we've been saying that this is as much about the substance of science as about the politics of science in society, let me take a moment to explain how we would differentiate between the possibility that this is simply a continuing infection versus that it's a reinfection. So if you had the entire viral RNA sequenced, then between two samples, if there was sequence continuity, it's the same virus. But if the second sample is clearly different in sequence from the first sample, because you were quieted from somebody else in whom the virus has changed in the meanwhile differently, then you have true reinfection. So the way to ask the question to people who talk about reinfection is, are there viral sequencing data from before the negative test and after the negative? Much more difficult to. Much more difficult. Coming to the other issue, which of course is hanging in the background of all this, is the efficacy of the vaccine. That how long will it be assuming the vaccine is successful and we have enough number of cases for us at least to sound optimistic at this stage? Assuming one or two or more of the vaccines will become effective. The question remains for how long? Now, does it mean that after three months, they won't be effective? That after six months, they won't be effective? Or what is the likelihood using your crystal ball as an immune system expert? What would be the crystal ball that you would consult and what would it say? So Praveen, I am enjoying myself today, because this is my second one of sounding optimistic. And after a very long time of not sounding optimistic. Not our viewers, that this is not an usual occurrence, that we get him optimistic twice in a show.  Go ahead, it's funny for the interruption. So here's the issue. When you have a virus infection, we have an immune response absolutely. But the virus has gotten selected in a sort of mutual evolution, where the virus that is infecting us successfully has figured out at least a little bit of how to deal with immunity. Simply because a virus strain that cannot deal well with immunity will get propagated poorly. So a viral variant that deals somehow with immunity will be preferentially propagated and in proper Darwinian evolution, that's the strain that will come to dominate. Now, if that's the case, then the likelihood is that SARS-CoV-2 has ways of fiddling with the immune response. But SARS-CoV-2 is not what we are putting into the vaccine. Remember, we've been discussing a variety of vaccine design technologies in all of which we take one protein of SARS-CoV-2 and simply get the body to see the protein and to make an immune response against it. We don't put a live SARS-CoV-2 virus into the body as a vaccine. So none of the tricks that SARS-CoV-2 is using to fiddle with the immune response are included in the vaccine. So the fact that SARS-CoV-2 infection may lead to short-lived immunity is not telling us that the vaccines that we are designing will also necessarily lead to short-lived immunity. Now, the vaccine technologies may have their own limitations because of which some anti-vaccine responses will last less long than other anti-vaccine responses. But the fact that SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses may not be long-lived is no pessimistic guarantee that vaccine responses are going to be short-lived. For all we know, vaccine responses will be respectively linked. That optimistic point made, let me add a pessimistic footnote, which is that my expectation is that the first-generation vaccines which will come up as we've been discussing by the end of this year, my guess is that they will not be great vaccines. They will work. They will be useful. But they will not provide 100% protection, but they'll provide some protection. They'll not be very long-lived, but there'll be reason. But that's not going to be because SARS-CoV-2 is short-lived immunity. So to develop more effective vaccines, perhaps we need to see five, ten vaccines operating, then find one of the good points of them, and then come to what? And then tweak them and come to a second generation. So the second-generation vaccines are likely to give us a better handle on the epidemic, but the first generation should really act to promote what is called the herd immunity. There are also some arguments that the herd immunity may be required, maybe only 20%, 30%, 40%, is there any basis to this? Or these are all seat of the pants guess what the people are doing. So I'm losing count of how many times I'm saying this. Herd immunity is not a strategy. It's not a tactic. It's an outcome. When we reach herd immunity, we will discover that we have reached herd immunity by looking back and saying, oh, the outbreaks are subsiding, we seem to have reached herd immunity. Let us now examine what the correlates of herd immunity are. We're not going to be able to plan for herd immunity like that. So let's not even be discussing herd immunity as though we can decide on a number and aim for it. That's oversimplifying our tactics and strategy. I think here we should sort of step in a little and talk about that. This is something that I have also looked at because mathematically the propagation is human to human contact and it is not a uniform issue that this percentage of this population, you get a herd immunity. It's really how human beings connect and they connect obviously differently. And therefore, as you say, the statistical fact that you've got it at 25, 30, 40 or 70% is merely the artifact of the propagation of human being, human interactions as much as disease interactions. So effectively, therefore, there is no mathematics which can predict this at any stage. That kind of mathematics maybe once we have quantum computers, we might be in a better position to do it. But our current computational methods do not lead to the solution of this kind of problems. And whoever has tried it, even for small population size, say in a town, even that, the predictions have not worked very well. So I think I get what you're saying. Even this R0, the preoccupation of R0, etc., all these are statistical artifacts of historical data rather than prediction looking forward. Do I sort of summarize what you have sent? Absolutely. And so let me add a non-mathematical footnote. Take an example of one of the parameters that is commonly being discussed in the context of herd immunity, which is zero prevalence. Yeah. Estimates of what percentage of people have in the past few months been exposed to the virus. You do this by looking for antivirus antibodies. And the numbers are widely varied. But here's, and let me underline the problem connecting to what you were saying, non-mathematically. Let me give the example of Pune. There was a structured zero survey done. A couple of weeks back, results were announced this past few days. There are neighborhoods where 60% people have been previously exposed to the virus. There are neighborhoods where only 30% have been exposed. Both these neighborhoods are in Pune city. Am I going to calculate the percentage exposure of Pune as the average of these? That doesn't mean anything. So let me make my favorite point about the virus does not understand administrative sociopolitical boundaries. The virus works in populations that connect to each other, that breathe on each other, that talk to each other. And because none of us is hermetically sealed off from anybody else, no group that has achieved so-called herd immunity will have stably achieved herd immunity if it's surrounding communities have not achieved herd immunity. I mean, it's a very interesting proposition statistically can be average.  So it's the same problem that you average widely dissimilar figures. And after the average, you say, you know, hey, we've got 30% and the virus seems to have stopped transmitting, which could be due to a whole range of different reasons. And then you say, you know, that means 30% gives us herd immunity, which is nonsense. And as you said, that in any population, there are at least then the 30% antibody population, you can still have 70% of the people who can have infections and it can start all over again. Yes. With this, I think we have come to the end of our discussion on rather optimistic notes given by Dr. Rath that we have possibilities of a vaccine, which will be much longer lasting than what the three month figure WHO has given. And we can hope to see improvements in the vaccine over time. And therefore, the so-called herd immunity that people have been talking about may be reached, but with vaccines, not the way people thought that by infecting each other. Thank you, Satyajit, for being with us, spending this time to explain to our viewers what all of this gobbledygook, quite often it is really gobbledygook means. And even doctors seem to be confused by the immune system. And therefore, we need your shall we say deciphering, cracking the code to so to say, over all of this means. 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