Personal Finance PowerPoint Presentation. Dental insurance and flexible spending account FSA. Prepare to get financially fit by practicing personal finance. Insurance is part of our long-term risk mitigation strategy where we follow the adage of measure twice cut once, putting a formal process in place, looking something like setting the goals, develop a plan to reach them, put the plan in action, review the results, repeat the process periodically. Most of this information can be found from Investopedia using your flexible spending account, the FSA, for dental care, which you can find online. Take a look at the references resources. Continue your research from there. This is by Eric Whiteside, updated August 28th, 2020. So in prior presentations, we've been looking at insurance in general, then moving to the medical insurance, which can be more complex in some ways due to the industry as well as the rules and regulations. Then we moved on to the dental area and the dental insurance, which has some similarities to the medical, but some differences. So you can take a look at prior presentations related to it. Now we're looking at the flexible spending account as it relates specifically to the dental care. So using your flexible spending account, the FSA for dental care. Flexible spending accounts, those are the FSAs are accounts that allow employees to obtain reimbursement for various medical expenses. So this is something that you might be getting through say your employer, for example, and it's an attempt for the employer's money to go further. How could the employee's money go further would be nice if they could pay you and not be as subject to the same kind of taxes like federal income taxes, if it was some kind of other benefit that wouldn't be subject to the taxes. And this is kind of the idea. So possibly might not be subject to the withholdings. So for example, so because FSAs are classified as tax exempt savings accounts, no employment or federal income taxes are deducted from the contributions. So the internal revenue service, the IRS states that an FSA has no reported requirements for federal tax returns. Distributions are free provided they are used for qualified medical expenses. So there's the catch. You got to put stuff into the FSA. That means it's restricted to some degree because when you take the money out, you have to use it for specific purposes because you put it in there and you got kind of the tax benefit, basically because the idea was that you're going to use it for specific purposes, which of course are the qualified medical expenses that you're going to be spending it on. So can an FSA be used for dental expenses? Yes or no question. Yes or no people. No, that's not what we're going to get. You know what we're going to get. Well, it depends. So eligible expenses include deductibles and co-payments. However, not all types of dental procedures are covered. You can imagine the ones that might not be covered, the ones that you kind of want to get. Most likely, right? The teeth whitening and the the instilline teeth straightening kind of stuff, all that kind of stuff, which is is possibly into the category of cosmetic. You would think might not be the ones that are going to be covered. So dental expenses that can be paid with the FSAs. When it comes to using an FSA for dental expense reimbursement rules, generally follow the deduction rules as spelled out in publication 502. So if you want more detail on that, you can actually go to the IRS website, irs.gov, irs.gov. Take a look at look up publication 502. The basic guidelines is that anything that treats or prevents a dental disease is eligible for FSA coverage. So that means the not, you know, not the stuff that's going to be cosmetic generally. So right, that's the teeth whitening, of course. The fillings and the sealants, the crowns, the binding, the dentures, the tooth extraction. Don't, not that. Don't inlays and onlays, all diagnostic and preventative services. And then this thing, I don't know exactly what it is. Treatments for gingivitis, tempera, I don't know how to say that. Joint syndrome and disorder, gum, recession and oral surgery. Oh, okay. So expenses that are excluded, which ones aren't included?  They're the cosmetic procedures. Those are the ones I wanted to get though. I want the teeth whitening. No, such as the teeth whitening, the veneers and cosmetic orthodontics are not covered by the FSA. It's horrible. So if you want to get your teeth bright and white, you'll have to pay out of pocket as cosmetic dentistry is simply not on the list. So in fact, you can't even buy toothpaste. It seems just ridiculous.  You would think that there's the positive externalities effect from an economic standpoint, which means that you would think that it would be subsidized, I would think, but in the case. In fact, you can't even buy toothpaste of any kind or dental floss using FSA funds, as they are not eligible expenses. Oral pain remedies, however, are typically covered by plans. There is an obvious discrepancy with orthodontia. While the IRS says that some procedures treat diseases and some are cosmetic, there is no specific set of rules that defines the specifics regarding which procedures qualify for coverage under an FSA. And even with the dentistry, it's a little bit easier to kind of kind of define what's going to happen in normal routine dental procedures than in the medical field. But obviously, even there, as things change and we want things to change, we want things to improve going forward, it's kind of hard when you put this list together. These are the list of procedures. It tends to make things more static. You put them now in stone. You put them on paper. So it's because a little bit difficult to say what is deductible and what falls into this category and that category. So your orthodontist should be able to help you determine what your plan may cover in that situation. Know your plan. Flexible spending plans vary. The IRS provides general rules for FSAs, but each FSA provider interprets those rules differently. So obviously, when you got the law, any good lawyer knows when you take a look at the actual law, you might interpret it somewhat differently. So you want to be within the rule of law, but words are funny things. They're symbols and whatnot, and we might read them a little bit differently depending on the policy. So talk to your employer and your plan provider before you start any course of treatment. Your dental office should be willing to coordinate with your insurance provider to make sure the services you are receiving are covered under your FSA.


Hello, my name is Abhid and I'm from Kapilwadi, Oulu. We work an operating system, right? So we don't do any of the problems of staff that we've been discussing today. So the reason why I'm here is to show you a new SDK that we've been working on, especially for JavaScript and HTML CSS developers, so that they can make, so you guys can make native applications across various platforms, including your windows, Mac, Linux, and all of your operating systems. So I'm going to quickly show a demo of what it can do. It's very early stages, so it's just like really alpha or beta, you can say. So essentially you write code in your JavaScript, it runs on Node.js, so I think everybody is familiar with it. So we use Node.js as an interpreter now, and if you interpret the code, what are we writing in your HTML JavaScript or CSS? And we have a module which you include in your code, which gives you a lot of the native features that you require to make a native application. Including creating the UI, user interface, we have integration for box 2D so that you can make any good games, etc. So let me just start in this example for you here. It's a very simple example.  It renders a native application, and then it's loaded this image onto the screen. You can see all the touchy, all the click events that are coming here. It has a full gesture API written, so you can do native gestures, touch gestures, pinch to zoom, all of it. Let me show you some more examples. This is a second more complex example. You have two images written in this. I'm grouping them together, and then I'm moving both of them in one. I'm going to make a list of them. I'm also rotating these images in the grid, and I'm setting some positions there. And let's say how it is. So you can see two images. I'm rotating it, and the other is not. I'm going to move both of them. You can do really complex things, but I'm just showing you very simple examples. You could make active version JavaScript. This is text, for example. So let's say I have it. So it's interpreted, so as you know, so I could just make changes in my time, and then we'll see that. So what this would give is, you could make really cool applications really quickly, on native platforms like your Windows 9, any of these devices. So I'm here mainly to get your feedback, see how this interests you, as a JavaScript developer, and then next probably have a chat about it. So we have time for questions. We have questions on which device this SDK is working on. Right now, we have this working on all your regular desktop operating systems. We're now trying to get it working on Android. Challenge on mobile devices, because Node doesn't really exist. So we're trying to see how best to do that, that particular problem. But other than that, all the major operating systems, like the one on the desktop, is easily supported. We do large tablets. We do large tablets. Running on Android? No, no, no. Okay, so it's primarily for this? Well, we did this primarily for R, so we make a lot of applications on this. But I think it can be extended to other devices. So I think probably we can just release this, so that more people can make applications using this. So we're also running a CSS, so the styling can be done in CSS, which is making some modifications to this. HTML templating is possible. All the Node modules work by this. So if you're running a Twitter app, you can create a Node module for Twitter, and then work that. So most of the Node modules are supported. And you know, it becomes really easy for server-side. So if you can load content from the server, etc., all in JavaScript. We think it has some potential. Let's see how. But internally we use it, so it works. So we used to do C++ before. We have C++, so it just takes a long time to get that done. So now we move to this. It's really cool. Any more questions?


Unfortunately, for solo female founded companies, like, you know, there's just not as much funding historically that's gone to those teams. And so it's, it's been exciting to, I think, be part of that change and, you know, to speak to other female entrepreneurs that are, that are starting out and help provide some guidance to, you know, share our story and hopefully help them up as, they're going through the same, same steps. It's so true. My wife also owns her own business and like, we're, you know, we're in the process of maybe having children. And so we're like, she's, you know, I think one thing a lot of women deal with is what happens when I, when I'm pregnant. And so I ended up talking to a founder, this was about a year ago, and she was pregnant. And so I, and she was raising capital. She's like, Diego, imagine being pregnant and raising capital, like not fun, right? And I was like, I don't even, I can't even begin to imagine what that's like. But I asked her like, what is that like for you? And, and is it terrifying?  And her whole thing was like, I'm just so happy I hired the right people because that means I can leave and be totally okay. And I just thought, that's the perfect answer. Like that's it. Like hire the right team.  And I was just so happy that she came out with that too. Cause I know that answer is super personal to people and it's not talked about enough. We, you know, on our show, we've, we've probably interviewed more female founders.  I see what, what the, you know, the trouble spots are, but it's like, I think we just need to open up about some of these hardships a little bit more. Cause there's so many. And, and I think it can feel nerve wracking, right? I like, I don't have kids, but you know, there, there is of course that question, right? Like, will, will that be held against me? Right? Is that what's not, what, what's not said in the room? Like, uh-oh, like, she just got married. What does that mean? Hope that wouldn't be true. But yeah, I mean, I think it's more been on, we've definitely gotten more of the, hey, beverage is pretty male dominated. We've gotten comments like, I just don't know if you or your team are tough enough, which has been sort of like eye popping. Like, wow, I can't believe somebody would say that. But, you know, I think like one of the things that I have learned through the process and, and I always share with people is like having a strong group of advisors and mentors is invaluable. So that's thing one, you know, like you can really build, like building out that support system is super helpful in the process. And I think the other thing is, like sticking to your guns and knowing your worth, right? You know, is to keep your guns anymore, but like knowing your worth, right? Like, know, know that you're worth the same valuation as like your male counterparts are getting at that, that level that you're at and holding true to that. That is really powerful. And that's one of the things that I think has been a learning curve for me. There's a great tweet out there. So there's this, uh, I think she's based in San Francisco too. So she, I forget her name. She's a, she's an author, writer, big, big time in the startup space and also like does, does coaching specifically for female founders. And she goes, here's all I do. Female says to me, Hey, what should I charge? I respond with double what you think the end. And I just retweeted it being like, yes, like this is exactly what I tell my wife, you know, it's the same thing. And I, I'm like women devalue themselves right out of the gate. And I just don't know why. And I think it's cause they're so nice. Like you're, women really look at the holistic approach. And so whenever they're giving something to a client, they're thinking about the client way more than men do. And I'm saying this honestly, like I don't, men just think about like, I'm going to make this much money. Women think about, I'm going to make some, but you know, this client has, and they just, they just do an analysis that's very human and honest. And sometimes it doesn't, it doesn't work out in the capitalistic world all the way, all the time. Yeah. And I think one of the other things that my co-founder Jordan and I talk a lot about, you know, I think bettering ourselves or this is something I've, I've think I've gotten better with. And I, I share this, if I am ever talking to a new female entrepreneur is, you don't always have to answer the question. You know, sometimes when you're like vendors, potential investors, like people want access to a lot of information. And I think there's a sentiment that I grew up with, which was kind of like, do your homework and have the right answer and always have it ready and, you know, raise your hand. And I think if it's information you don't want to give at that point, because it's like you're in the negotiation, right? You, you don't can say like, I'm not comfortable giving that answer right now. Or like, I'm happy to share that, but I'm going to share it with you in a month or whatever that answer is. And I think holding your ground and knowing that that's valid and you don't have this responsibility to like do your homework to everybody else. Like you can be strong and hold your ground. That's a valuable lesson as well. That's a big tip. I know, like what you're saying is actually a really big tip. And I hope people really latch onto it because it's so true. I'm just thinking about my wife. So my wife is a female general contractor. So she owns her own construction company, right?  And for her, she feels like she has to be so much better, sharper and that naturally lends itself to you wanting or needing to have all the answers. Yeah. Right. When, when to what you're saying is really powerful and like, you don't have to, and that's okay. And I think that's. Or you may not want to. Or you may not want to, right? Or like, I think that's the other thing, right? Yeah. Like you have, you have agency of choice there. That's good stuff. That's cool what your wife does. Yeah. Yeah. No, she's, she's a badass.


This research evaluated the reliability of measures used in brain science and neuroengineering studies. It found that measures at the sensor level had higher average interclass correlation coefficients, ICCs, compared to those at the source level, except for directed between region measures. Additionally, single region measures had higher average ICCs compared to between region measures. Furthermore, nodal metrics displayed highly varying ICCs across regions, while global metrics varied according to nodal metrics. Overall, this study provides valuable insight into the reliability of measures over a long period of time, which can be useful when selecting measures for practical mental monitoring applications. This article was authored by Jonathan Harvey, Anastasios Biserianos, and June Wally.


Hi, welcome. My name is Dr. Marcy Stone and I am here to talk to you about leading organizational change. This is your course title. We're going to be talking about Unit 2 and this is the video that accompanies your study guide. Your course layout and overview. So Unit 2 is change management models and methods. These are your learning outcomes for Unit 2. So compare the various change models theories and methods in a given situation. Determine which change model might work best in a given organization. Analyze the change management framework in a given organization and then outline the change management model. So these are all of the things that we're going to So why are learning outcomes important? Every one of your learning outcomes ties back to your course materials and your content, ties back to your questions on your exams, and then to each learning outcome you were viewing in this video. So here are our overview topics. We've got change models theories and methods, how to determine which change model to choose, analyze the change management framework, and then outline the change management model. These are your vocabulary terms from your study guide. Some of these we're going to be actually covering in this video. So we have first comparing the various change models theories and methods. So some of the questions that we talked about in the study guide are what are change models and how can they be used in business today? Why is it important to understand change management theories and methods? And then how can change be used to move a business forward? So we've got change models theories and methods. These terms are almost used interchangeably. Some of them are called change models. Others they will specifically call methods. Some of them don't even have that type of word after them. But they're important to understand in business today so that we can utilize these to grow businesses and thrive. So change models can help affect change so that the business can move through the change and then grow into the future. With a change model, a business may be able to effectively move through change and may struggle to make required updates. When trying to make change and then choose a change model, you also need to take into consideration the type of business you want to change. So you can't just choose one of these and say it's going to work for every business because it won't. So for example, a small retail business who wants to expand and open another store, they may have different needs than a large company who has a production line and wants to make product development and their production line more efficient. There are numerous types of change models theories and methods. A few of these include what you see here on this slide. We've got Cotter's Eight Step Change Model. We've got Lean Six Sigma, Kaizen. There's also Lewin's Change Model, which we'll talk a little bit about. So they all assist organizations to make change and show a clear path to engaging employees to help with that change. And the most popular one is probably Cotter's Eight Step Change Model. So it provides very clear directions, very clear steps, and then about how to make that change and then how to keep it in effect even after the change kind of set in motion. Kaizen is another popular change model and it ensures progress by making small manageable changes that lead to great change. Lean Six Sigma works really well with companies that have production lines or that need to kind of better flow in their company to help them manage productivity. Each change model may be matched with the company and their individual needs. So how do you determine which change model might work best? And then what are the variables when considering when to choose a change model? And then is there anybody they can help like? Are you just, if you're the manager or a CEO of a company, are you just on your own or are there people that kind of help you to decide which change model might be best for your needs? So depending on those needs and where the company is at the time that they need, the change model required might be different. For example, I kind of talked about in the last section, production line business might work best with Lean Six Sigma because the focus is on reviewing flow of the business and eliminating waste. Then we have Lewin's Change Model. They analyze a three-step model that includes unfreezing the current state, moving towards that change, and then freezing it in that new state of change. So this model helps to understand why change must occur and how to move through that process. This model might work best in a business that is good at adjusting or has a history of creating positive change. So by analyzing the needs of the business and then reviewing all of your change model options, you can easily match the correct model with the type of business. Another option might be to hire a change management expert who can assist with choosing the correct change model, managing that change needed, and then ensuring employee. In the last unit, we talked about how important it is to have that employee buy-in. If you do not get the employee buy-in, you're going to struggle making those changes because they're the ones that make the change. They're the ones that if they decide collectively as a group that they're not going to make the change, then it will halt all progress. So it is really important to take that into consideration when you're choosing a change model and when you're considering what changes need to be made. So here is just a little slide that kind of explains the three-step process for Lewin's change model. It's essentially three steps. You've got unfreeze, then you make the change, then you refreeze. And you are looking in this first step, the process of changing entails creating a perception that the change is actually needed. So you might want to create a sense of urgency in that case, but you have to convince the employees and ensure that they're ready for change. So this might include letting them know well in advance that it's coming, have meetings to explain exactly what's going to happen or what needs to happen, and then you can kind of move to that unfreeze stage and then slowly move into the change stage at that point. And then you're going to move towards the new desired change or level of behavior, whatever it is, maybe a change in behavior that you're looking for. And then finally you can solidify that new behavior as the norm. Okay, then we have analyzing your change management framework. So what is change management framework? How can a change management framework be used in business? Why is it important to understand change management framework? So creating a framework to understand and affect change is important before choosing a change model. So change management framework is another term for change model, but it will also allow you to understand what changes are needed. Every company will use a change management model a little bit differently based on their needs. So for example, we have Netflix who use Lewin's change model, but then what they really decided, they had decided first of all what they were going to change, how they were going to do it, and then what change model they chose. And so they use Lewin's to make that change in a three-step process of, you know, unfreezing, making the change, and then refreezing. So they decided that they wanted to expand outside of the United States, but how do they do that? So they started making content.  You've probably seen quite a few things made in different countries. They're in different languages. You'll have English subtitles in there, but they decided, how do we expand? We have so many members within the United States, the only thing that made sense is for them to expand outside of the United States. So they had to consider different cultures. They had to consider different countries. They started making quite a bit of content in those countries and then presented those shows to everyone. You can be in Japan and watching something that was made in Spain on Netflix. Now they have the content, which is amazing actually at this point. They're roughly 60% of the shows that they offer on Netflix are their own that they've made. And they used Lewin's change model to kind of create that change and then created the framework to work specifically for them. Understanding company culture, people, important processes, and also your desired outcomes is really important to determine if a change management framework is needed to implement a solid plan. So any new processes that need to be created or potential company structure changes should be considered when you're choosing your change management framework. Alright, and then why is it important? So some of the questions to consider when we look at outlining the change management model are why is it important to review or outline or even plan a change management model? What can you do better to understand which change model you need to choose? And then how can you determine what change management model might work best in a business? So once you've researched the best change management model for your organization, it will be important to outline what changes are necessary and how they're going to be implemented. Each change management model includes steps for analyzing and creating that change. Planning this change will require attention to detail and an outline of how the organization is going to implement that change. And then this kind of shows you, I already mentioned that Cotter's eight step change model is probably one of the most popular. It's also one of the most detailed when it has to making and listing its steps. Kind of see them here from the bottom left all the way up to you know the make it stick and we've implemented it now we have to just maintain that. But in this they're looking at creating a sense of urgency, removing any obstacles. Sometimes as a leader that's going to be your responsibility is making sure that your employees can actually make the change without any obstacles in the fostering the change that it's been made. Each of these steps kind of important to understand and then apply to and I guess at the same time to the actual business that you're trying to implement change for. So understanding the business culture understanding current management styles and then those employee needs have to be considered when you're creating an outline for how the change will be implemented. So here you only see eight steps but maybe each of these steps takes months of work and planning. Maybe they take a week, maybe they take a day. It really just depends on what change is needed, what the company itself is looking for, and then looking at each of these steps and how do we relate that to our business and how do we implement that. All right so in conclusion these are the things that we discussed in this video. Compare the various change models theories and methods in a given situation. Determine which change model might work best. Analyze the change management framework and then outline the change management model in a given organization. All right and then what's next. So in the next video we're going to discuss Unit 3 and it's on organizational failures in change management. Thank you.


Hey guys, it's Nate, A.K. The Foot Accountant. Welcome back to the channel. Ones to Watch Team 2 is here. The second week of a promo inside of FIFA 22 and the second week of Ones to Watch with 11 new players in packs. Of course, we're expecting guys like Messi, Lukaku, and a whole host of others to be in packs today as a part of Team 2 of Ones to Watch with more live items out in the game. What I wanna take a look at today are my predictions and expectations for content with SBC's objectives and promo packs. And as well, just talk about this market and what in the world is going on as it continues to drop down lower. But I think honestly for a good reason because we saw and learned a lot from last week on Friday which was a promo Friday with a lot of packs being opened, a lot of supply with promo packs for the beginning of Ones to Watch. And I think that gave us kind of a sense of what might happen this week as well. Now there's a couple caveats thrown in there as week in league actually starts today. If you've qualified for foot champions finals, that actually starts early today when this video is gonna be going out. And that's different, right? There's also rewards.  They're gonna play all 20 of them today on Friday. We're gonna have people getting foot champs rewards tonight which is very, very weird to think about but we'll see how that impacts the market as well. That's gonna add an aspect of the unknown in there as well. Also, one last point before we get into things. We might have a big time SBC this morning with a Premier League player of the month. We had a couple yesterday I talked about those. We might see a POTM Cristiano Ronaldo. But first things first, we actually don't have a full team released to us. Last week on Thursday EA Sports showed us the whole entire Ones to Watch squad. This time they haven't. They've just given us bits and pieces and Fabrizio Romano yesterday gave us the last four players that are gonna be in. One of my viewers, Vlad, put this squad together. These are all of the players that are in and that are confirmed for Ones to Watch team two. Now, basically we've got Wynaldum, Lukaku, Ramos, Tomori, Messi, DePaul is one of the new ones confirmed. Danny Ings, Cuccarella, Junior Furpo, Bellarin, Paulinho. There's basically only like if you count SBCs and objectives as maybe three to four cards that are in here. There's only like three or four more cards as well that we don't know about. So cards like Sancho, cards like Sabitzer, cards like DePie, maybe Aguero, Kuti Romero from Spurs, right? Or an Arsenal, Ben White. We're still very curious to know what are the couple cards that are still yet to be released. We will find those out today depending on whether EA released that early before the 6 p.m. content drop or done. But we know like three quarters of the team which is kind of crazy and it's not, I think, I don't know, I'm not a huge fan of that because it doesn't foster hype, right? It doesn't foster suspense. It just kind of, you know, leaves us like, all right, we kind of know what's coming out today already before it drops in packs. So, regardless, content-wise today, I am expecting a brand new once-to-watch player SBC. Of course, Andre Silva goes away. Pedro goes away today. We're gonna be left with these ones-to-watches and this one-pack SBC that is still left here under the SBC section. I think if they were to put one of the cards they've released already into an SBC, I would expect somebody like Kukarela, maybe Korea, maybe Danny Ings to be an SBC player today. And then our objective player, we're probably gonna get somebody as well unless they're gonna wait a little bit longer to do this. But Clivert and Kamavinga both have five days left on them. So, having three cards in here at one time is a lot, but I could see it happening. And then, you know, somebody maybe like that Paulinho striker, the Paulinho center mid-card, the ballerin, again, the Furpo, maybe Tomori would be available via objectives. But I would expect to see one one-to-watch item today in objectives and one in the SBCs. Now, other SBCs that we need to talk about, and I wanna start talking about this early because rumors are starting to circle around that Cristiano Ronaldo has won the Premier League Player of the Month, right? And that would be a massive SBC that they would release right away early on. Now, we've learned a couple things from yesterday because we have the Kula Bali SBC that was released for our Player of the Month. And also, we have Goose Till, our first ever Eredivisie, and our first ever Serie A Player of the Month SBCs. In my opinion, these two SBCs, if we take a look at Kula Bali's price on this game, Kula Bali's gold card's like 19,000, 20,000 coins. And this Kula Bali SBC is about 159,000 coins. It's got a lot of thumbs up on foot bin. But I think for a plus two upgrade, I just really think that this is not that great of a price point for this SBC. If it was about, you know, 40 to 50,000 coins less, if this was around 100,000 quarter range, I think it would be a great SBC. But what this kind of tells me is since this is a little bit overpriced, if we get a Cristiano Ronaldo today, I honestly think that our Ronaldo is gonna be pretty expensive. I think that Ronaldo SBC would be upwards of two million coins. Now, the ones to watch Ronaldo has definitely dropped off in price in the last 24 hours. And I think that is because, you can see here, Ronaldo went from almost 2.9 mil down to 2.6 for an hour here. 2.67, he was pretty low. I think a lot of people are expecting a Ronaldo player of the month today. Now, there's still an outside shot. We don't know for sure that Salah could also win player of the month. So regardless, we're gonna have most likely Salah or Ronaldo, and it's gonna be a pretty expensive player of the month SBC today. And you know, if it's really, really expensive and it's gonna take a long time to craft, a lot of people aren't able to spend that kind of coins on an SBC right now in this game. So I really don't know how much hype that is going to carry and going to have.  As you can see here, the 86s, you know, they went from 90 around high 90s all the way up into the 107 range. Then with PAC supply yesterday, they dropped down. And that's one of the big things we're gonna talk about today in regards to the market itself is again that PAC supply. I really don't expect SBC fodder to go crazy today, even if we have Ronaldo SBC, just because again of the supply that's gonna be coming onto the market in terms of promo PACs and in terms of PACs that will be opened with FIVA points and in the store. Now I don't think there's gonna be as much supply as last week, right? Today or yesterday on Thursday, they gave us 25,000 coin all-player PACs, right? Those are some of the biggest PACs that we have seen as a part of this game yet. We've seen 25s and 35Ks as the biggest one. I'm honestly pretty, I'm pretty expectant today that they might drop for the first hour, they might drop 15 and 25K PACs, maybe 12 and a half K PACs and 25s. But I think a 25K PAC or a 35K PAC will be there during the first hour of the content drop. And again, people are gonna have FIVA points, people are gonna try to pack that once to watch Messi, wants to watch Wynaldum, Lukaku, if Sancho is in team two, if DePai is in team two, there's going to be a lot of supply again today from people that are opening up PACs. Some people may have saved some PACs. Again, it's probably not gonna be as wild of a price drop off as you saw last week, right? Last week you saw Kevin De Bruyne go from like 180,000 coins all the way down to 140 during that first hour of panic and of supply. Now Kevin De Bruyne right now is about 179,000 coins. I would not be surprised if you still saw drop offs today. So if there's any of these higher tier cards that you want to buy for your team, you want to buy for a squad, you know, I would look, especially if you're gonna play a weekend league, I would look to maybe get involved with a few of these players in the first hour or so with the PACs being opened and also with a lot of selling, right? The market is down right now from where we have been. If we take a look at a couple of these prices, let's look at Gretzka for example, 155,000 coins. He was 150 before rewards, went back up to 170 with marquee matchups PAC supply yesterday and the 25Ks in the store. He went back down to 155 and he's kind of been chilling in the mid 150s with some slight bounces since then. What I'm really curious to see if there is more panic selling today on Friday heading into the actual drop because people are aware that how much promo PACs and how much these PACs that will be open today can supply the market with how insane the PAC wait is this year. I think that's gonna cause some people to sell off a little bit this morning but what that also means is that a lot of people are going to be buying back later on tonight on Friday or in the second to third to fourth hour of the promo today with ones to watch especially if the content isn't that insane. Most people's goal if they sold their team and they're waiting to buy low prices to go back out and play those games for the weekend league for the champions finals they're gonna be their motivations gonna be buying a team back. So watch these really, really gold the really, really meta gold cards, right? I even talk about a guy like Usman Dembele 60,000 coins at the moment. Take a look at where this card went yesterday. He was 60,000 coins at rewards, dipped to 59, went back up to 64, down to 57, is now back up to 60. If this guy's 57K the content drop tomorrow and then gets panicked and unpacked and down to like 53, 54,000 coins that's a great opportunity to snag a very, very meta, very overpowered and hyped up card in this game in a moment of supply and also in that moment of supply a lot of people are also waiting to buy their teams. So then you see a nice rise come on later from that. So same thing we've seen with some of the out of packs cards like heroes these hero cards have dropped a ton. Ginola was extinct at two mil he was 1.7 mil at one point earlier yesterday, right? Abedi was 1.1, he is now 950,000 coins. Joel Cole was over 500, he's 460. Robbie Keen was 575 earlier today. Dina Talley was down 200,000 coins he's since rebounded back. So keep an eye on some of these hero cards because people have started selling these off significant amounts as they're worried about them getting packed this weekend as well. And these are gonna be just like their icons are very rare cards. You can see 360K for Morientes, he was down to 315 before he bounced a little bit and then has also just kind of kept dropping down into this day on Friday. So watch out for your heroes, your icons and your out of packs team of the week one and two if you want the safest cards to maybe trade with today or if you're looking to buy something for your team. I think that for some of these cards in the panic selling leading into the actual once to watch team two content drop at 6pm might be an opportunity to pick up on some of these cards. So that is kind of what I'm thinking that's what I'm looking at on the market. Now of course, once to watch team one is going out of packs and we still have some of these cards at really low prices. Now I made an investment. I bought some Antoine Griezmann wants to watches. I bought them at 115,000 coins. He has since France lost yesterday and he did not get any goals scored and I think people just sold the card because they wanted to have their coins. He has since gone down in price but again we're taking a look at some of these once to watch team one cards and we're saying, hey, these are pretty low. Grealish, Alaba, Malin, Upamakano, Hakimi who already might have an upgraded pending with a goal and assist in a midweek international game a couple days ago. Again, Griezmann 111K, Leon Bailey is injured but some of these cards it's not a terrible idea when they're so cheap like this. These are alive items, right? If you've got three, 400,000 coins you know a couple of these cards maybe spend 40 or 50K and buy a Malin and buy an Alaba. Stick them on your transfer list, wait for them to rise or maybe you buy a Grealish and you buy a Malin or maybe if you wanna buy a Leon Bailey he's coming back from injury I think in like one or two weeks he's probably gonna have an instant impact when he gets back on the pitch for Villa, right? So that kind of stuff if you have some disposable coins not a terrible idea to put some coins into these ones to watch is because they're live cards and live cards are some of the items in foot that do the best out of packs. Especially if it's a card that you think could potentially get a special card because they're a prolific attacking player or they just get in forms in FIFA, right? There's a couple of players like that, like Grealish probably gonna get some special cards or if you think their team's gonna get that wins to watch upgrade that would be something to kinda watch out for as well. So for myself purely trading today on this game I'm gonna be looking at a lot of heroes and icons and out of packs team of the week's cards because I know that these cards are rare, that they are popular and that they are going to be bought up by a lot of people today. Now I bought a DESI earlier today for 725,000 coins and it looks like the cheapest one on the market right now is 790. So I'm gonna go list mine up for a pretty good price because I'm gonna try to take some profit here. This is a very nice flip. This is kinda what you expect to see today on this game. This DESI was down at 730,000 coins earlier on Thursday. I bought him because I knew that he would be getting rare tonight. So I'm gonna list this up at 787, take my profit and that's the kind of market rise that we're hoping for today and going from the content drop today on Friday into the evening time on Friday night as well. But again the very interesting thing we're gonna have to work through today it's gonna be a learning experience for all of us is the very first time that foot champions rewards are actually out tonight.  So we're gonna find that out today, see how that impacts the market and could create for some interesting movements for things as we especially go into Saturday and as we go into Sunday it's gonna be a brand new territory for all of us this weekend in terms of the market and how this foot champions the brand new setup of it kind of takes its shape across this game. But again in summary, today what I'm expecting is a drop on some cards with supply. Anything that has impacts the team of the week three the wants to watch team two cards, heroes, icons maybe taking a dip in the first hour or so of the content drop then starting to rise afterwards and watch the panic selling this morning heading into the six p.m. timeframe on your out of packs informs your wants to watches icons and heroes because those are rare cards that are going out of packs or already are out of packs and then probably seeing some of those especially if they're meta and popular rising into the evening is people who sold cards and we're waiting for this low point buy stuff back and we see the market rise up with demand for the first weekend league AKA foot champions finals. So that's what I'm expecting on the market today. Again, it's gonna be really, really curious. I'm really curious to see if Ronaldo wins player of the month, how much they make his SBC we might even have two player of the month again today we might have the Bundesliga or La Liga player of the month released but Ronaldo or Salah the Premier League player of the month is for sure gonna be dropping today and that'll be very interesting to see what happens. So good luck if you're opening packs I hope you pack something sick. Of course, if you have not checked out the video that we posted last night, yes I do have two icons in my team and one of them is middle R9. I actually I absolutely had an insane pack yesterday make sure you check out that video I'm gonna link it right up here right now check that out it was absolutely insane the pack pull of a lifetime so make sure you give that a watch as we packed it live on stream but that's the video for today boys once to watch two is here it's gonna be a blast we'll be watching it and covering it all live twitch.tv slash the foot account down in the description if you enjoyed this video smash a thumbs up on it comment down below if you have any questions and subscribe if you do it's been Nate the Foot Account and I'll catch you guys later peace out


Welcome to the Hindu News Analysis by Shankar Raiya's Academy for the date 11th May 2019. Displayed are the list of news articles selected for today's analysis and the page numbers in Chennai, Bengaluru, Delhi and Tiruvannathapuram editions of the newspaper. The link for the handwritten notes and the time stamping of the news articles are provided in the description box and for the benefit of mobile phone viewers, the time stamping of the news articles are also provided in the comment section. With this, let's move on to the first article of the day. This article appears on page number 6 in Chennai edition. The news article is about bogus voting that happened in two booths in Kerala as reported by chief electoral officer. This article will be helpful in prelims preparation under current events of national importance and in Indian polity. In mains, it will be useful in GS paper 2 under salient features of representation of people's act. The news article states that chief electoral officer in Kerala has confirmed bogus voting or voting in the name of other person or voting more than once in two electoral booths in Kannur Lokshaba constituency. Around 10 men were having been accused of such offenses as impersonation and exerting undue influence on the election rights of others. All of them were identified using the webcast footage. The article states that criminal cases will be registered against 10 persons under section 171 capital C, 171 capital D and 171 capital F of the Indian penal code for impersonation and interference within the with the election process. Note that when you see some sections in the law that come with capital letters, this mean that these sections have been inserted through amendments and are not part when it initially came into force. In this context, it becomes important for us to know about the legal framework available to punish such persons who interfere with the election process and casting illegal votes. Note that chapter 9 capital A of Indian penal code deals with offenses relating to elections. It consists of nine sections. The section 171 capital C deals with undue influence at elections. Any person who is found to be voluntarily interfering or attempting to interfere with the free exercise of any electoral right, then the person commits the offense of undue influence at an election. The actions also include threatening any candidate or voter or inducing or attempting to induce a candidate or voter. To believe that the person in whom he is interested will become an object of divine displeasure or of spiritual censure. That is, for example, saying or inducing a voter by saying, see, if you vote for this person, we will not allow you to take part in temple rituals or the person to whom you have planned to vote is acting against our God and God will be displeased at him. The section says, even these will constitute violation of free exercise of any electoral right of a person. The same offenses are also covered under section 123 of the representation of the People Act 1951 under the corrupt practices. Now coming to section 171 capital D of IPC, see this section deals with personation at elections. Personation at elections mean that fraudulently casting vote of another person or voting in any other name. For example, a person A can vote only for himself. If he fraudulently votes for another person, then he becomes an offender violating the electoral right of another person and can be tried in accordance with this provision. Now this section does not include authorized proxy voting. That is, a voter can cast her vote by proxy, that is by appointing any person as her proxy to cast vote on her behalf in her polling station. This can be done by applying to returning officer in form 13 capital F available at the election commission's website. This authorization is now provided only for service voters who are members of armed forces of the union of India, members of armed police forces of the states who are serving outside that state and persons employed under government of India on post outside India. As per existing arrangements, members of Indian army, navy and air force, border road organization, border security force, Indo-Tibetian border police, Assam rifles, national security guards, central reserve police force, central industrial security force and SSB are eligible to be registered as service voters. And the person serving as proxy should be a registered voter of the same constituency of the service voter. Section 171 capital F deals with the punishment of the above two sets of offenses which could be imprisonment up to one year or with fine or with both. With respect to actions against the election authorities, the chief electoral officer has stated that actions may be initiated against presiding officer, polling officer and micro observer of the polling booths under section 134 of the representation of the people act 1951. Now this section 134 of RPA 1951 deals with breaches of official duty in connection with elections. This section applies to district election officers, returning officers, assistant returning officers, presiding officers, polling officers and any other person appointed to perform any duty in connection with the receipt of nominations or withdrawal of candidates or the recording of votes at an election or counting of votes at an election. For the breach of official duty, the offender shall be punishable with fine which may extend to 500 rupees. Now the displayed prelims question will be discussed in the revision come practice session that is the last session of this video. Now let us take our analysis to the next article. Now the next article is about Chilika Lake. The article has appeared on page 7 of Chennai, Bengaluru and Thiruvananthapuram editions and page 5 of Delhi edition. The article will be relevant in your prelims preparation in current events of national importance, Indian physical geography, general issues on environmental ecology and biodiversity and in mains preparation under GS1 in salient features of world's physical geography, important geophysical phenomena such as cyclone, geographical features and their location changes in critical geographical features and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes and in GS paper 3 under the area conservation. The news article talks about the impact of extremely severe cyclone phony on the Chilika Lake which is in the state of Odisha and we know that the cyclone had many devastating effects on the state. The cyclone phony has created four new mouths in the Chilika Lake.  Chilika Lagoon had only two active mouths before cyclone phony hit the Odisha coast on May 3. Now four new mouths have opened due to wave energy with high tidal prism. See tidal prism is the volume of water that enters or leaves a tidal water body between high slack water and low slack water. Slack water is the state of a tidal current when its speed is near zero. Three new mouths have come up between the two functional mouths or the two active mouths near Sanpatna village and Arakha Kuda village. A smaller mouth has been noticed on the northern side also. Due to this a lot of seawater is entering Chilika lake which in turn will change the salinity level of the lake and if this seawater ingression or the infiltration goes up fish migration will increase and the biodiversity will get richer. But the long-term impact of this change must be watched. The Chilika Development Authority officials have also said that three of the four settas are more or less part of marine ecosystem. Hence the rise in salinity will lead to increase in productivity as Chilika lake is a mixture of saline and fresh water. In this context let us also know detail about the Chilika lake in the examination point of view. See this lake Chilika is a shallow brackish water lake. It lies in the districts of Puri, Korda and Ganjam on the eastern coast of Odisha and it is Asia's largest brackish water lake. Brackish water is the water that is saltier than fresh water but not as salty as seawater. Technically water having dissolved solids concentration between 1000 and 10,000 milligrams per liter. Note that the definition with respect to seawater not saline water because the term saline includes brackish water also. The lake is roughly pure shaped and it is fed by 52 rivers and rivulets. The area of the lake varies in the dry and wet seasons between about 560 and 10,000 square kilometers and it is about 32 kilometers wide at its broadest. The lake was formed due to the silting action of the Mahanadi river which drains into the northern end of the lake. This lake is also a shallow lagoon which was formed due to northerly currents in the Bay of Bengal which created a sandbar along the eastern shore. A lagoon is a shallow water body that may have an opening to a larger body of water but protected from the large body of water by a sandbar or a coral reef. The lake is divided into an outer channel with a narrow neck leading into the sea and the main body of the lake has a muddy bottom which is rich in organic matter. Due to the varying degrees of salinity in different parts of the lake the fauna or the animals are increasingly diverse and a variety of animals are adapting to the marine or the riverine existence so as to survive in different parts of the lake. Animal life recorded in the lake ranges from planktonic microorganisms to a variety of fish which together sustain the migratory birds population in the winter. Chilica lake is one of the hot spots of biodiversity in the country. Some rare vulnerable and even endangered species listed in IUC and Red List of threatened species inhabit in this lagoon for some part of their life cycle. A survey of fauna of Chilica Lake carried out by Zoological Survey of India in 1985-87 has recorded over 800 species in and around the lagoon. Also few estuarine turtles and snakes are found here along with dolphins, otters and several rodents, bats and slothbeers on the hills that are nearby the lake. Around 158 species of fishes and prawns have so far been recorded. The lagoon itself can be broadly divided into four ecological sectors based on salinity and depth. The southern zone, central zone, northern zone and the outer channel. A number of islands are present in the lagoon with habitation and without habitation. Prominent are Krishnaprasad, Nalaban, Kalijay, Somolo, Honeymoon, Breakfast and Birds Island. Nalaban is one of the biggest islands which is 10 kilometer marsh, you know that is low lying and is submerged during the four or five monsoon months. The Nalaban island was notified as a bird sanctuary in 1987 under Wildlife Protection Act of 1972. Chilika Lake in general and the Nalaban area in particular are among the most important waterfowl habitats in India. The total number of waterfalls in Chilika is close to around 8 lakhs. This island is a major feeding and roosting habitat or in other words a resting habitat during winter for over 100 species of migratory birds that arrive in October from their temperate breeding grounds. These birds include a few species of flamingos over a dozen species of ducks and several migratory birds. In 1917, a rare reptile, you know the limplest skink which is a type of lizard was discovered for the first time here in the loose soil of Barakudya Island of the Chilika Lake. Irrawaddy dolphins are also found in Chilika Lake as per the population estimation carried out in 2013. There are 152 number of dolphins in the lagoon and therefore it is considered as the largest lagoon-supported dolphin population of the world. These have been listed as endangered by the IUC and Red List and also listed in Sites Appendix II. The Chilika Lake is also included in the list of wetlands selected for intensive conservation and management by Ministry of Environment and Forests of Government of India. Due to its rich biodiversity and ecological significance, Chilika Lake was designated as the first Ramsar site of India. That means it is a wetland of international importance. Note that the lake has been designated as a Ramsar site since 1981 and the lake was included in the Mondrix Record in 1993. This record is a threatened list that coming under Ramsar list. At that time it was included in the Mondrix Record due to the change in the ecological character of the lake ecosystem. But subsequently, due to successful restoration of the lake ecosystem by Chilika Development Authority, it was removed from Mondrix Record in 2002. Now the displayed prelims questions will be discussed in the last part of the video. Now let us take up our analysis to the next article. This article appears on page number 5 in Delhi edition and 7 in Chennai, Bengaluru and Thiruvannathapuram editions of the newspaper. This article will be relevant in prelims under current events of national importance and general science and in mains it comes under awareness in the field of space. The news is that there will be 14 payloads or instruments from India to be sent in Chandrayaan-2 mission and that ISRO aims to softland Vikram with Pragyan in unexplored lunar south pole. Coming to the mission, we know that Chandra stands for Moon and Ian stands for Vehicle and this mission to Moon by ISRO is the second lunar mission of India. The launch vehicle to be used for this launch will be Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark III. Here note that for Chandrayaan-1 which was launched in the year 2008, the launch vehicle was PSLV Rocket or PSLV Launch Vehicle and Chandrayaan-1 carried a moon impact probe that hit or made an impact on lunar surface near South Pole. In Chandrayaan-2, the GSLV Launch Vehicle will carry the integrated module up to Earthbound orbit and from Earthbound orbit, the integrated module will be taken to Moon orbit through an Orbiter Propulsion Module. The mission has planned to collect scientific information on lunar topography, mineralogy, elemental abundance, lunar exosphere and signatures of hydroxyl and water ice. The most important constituents of this mission are the Orbiter, Lander and the Rover. The Orbiter will have eight instruments or payloads and will orbit the Moon at 100 km altitude from the Moon's surface and the Lander by the name Vikram will have four instruments and will softland on the Moon along with the robotic Rover around September 6 of this year and the robotic Rover is by the name Pragyan will be having two payloads from India and will probe the lunar terrain that is the Moon's surface and is to be powered by solar power that is this robotic Rover is to be powered by solar power. The special future about this mission is that the mission aims to land Vikram at the unexplored lunar South Pole. After landing, expectedly on September 6, 2019, then Pragyan will start its roving function. All the modules are getting ready for launch during the window period of July 9 to July 16, 2019. Note that so far, United States, China and Russia have softlanded on lunar surface and India will become fourth country to softland on Moon's surface if this mission becomes successful. The displayed prelims question will be discussed in the last session. Now, let us move on to the next news article. This article appears in page 13 of Chennai, Bangalore and Thiruvananthapuram editions and in page 11 in Delhi edition of the newspaper. This news article speaks about the misinterpretations of the missing companies in MCA 21 database. The contents of this news article will be relevant in prelims preparation under current events of national importance and also under economic development in particular. See, the finance ministry has clarified that the missing enterprises in MCA 21 database did not have a significant impact on the calculation of growth rates of GDP and GVA as these companies are still added to the total output of the economy. They can't be classified as out of coverage enterprises for the purposes of estimating the GDP. Let us see the issue in detail now. See, the National Sample Survey Organization in a recent survey report on the service sector found that out of a sample of around 35,456 companies taken from MCA 21 database, 38.7% were found to be under out of survey category. This means NSSO shall not consider 38.7% of the companies in MCA 21 database for its survey related to service sector. Some sections of the media has misinterpreted these out of survey enterprises to be enterprises that do not exist in the economy. On the basis of this misinterpretation, a suggestion has emerged that by not removing out of survey enterprises from MCA database, Central Statistics Office overestimates the GDP of the country. These sections say that CSO is therefore using these 38.7% of companies for overestimating GDP of the country. The finance ministry has explained that of the 38.7% out of survey enterprises in the NSSO report out of coverage enterprises comprised of 21.4%. These out of coverage enterprises were those that were not engaged in activities that are to be included in the service sector survey. However, the finance ministry has clarified that these enterprises are engaged in some economic activity possibly in the manufacturing sector. Therefore, these out of coverage enterprises are very much a part of overall GDP but not in service sector. The ministry did acknowledge that the bulk of the remaining 17.3 out of survey enterprises were either closed or untraceable. The ministry also justified this by saying that this proportion was falling over the years and their impact on the overestimation of GDP is marginal. Also, the GDP estimates are affected by the share in the paid-up capital of the missing companies and not by their absolute number in itself that is the total number of companies. The ministry provided data to show that from 2012-13 to 2016-17 the number of enterprises whose annual returns were not available for GDP estimation accounted for just 12-15% of the paid-up capital of all the enterprises in the MCA 21 database. The ministry has assured that though GVA levels gross value added levels could be slightly more or less than what they actually are, the growth rate of GVA from year on year will not be affected. This is about the news and in the context of this news article let us now know about MCA 21 database and about paid-up capital from our prelims perspective. MCA 21 is an e-governance initiative of Ministry of Corporate Affairs of Government of India. It enables an easy and secure access of the MCA services that is Ministry of Corporate Affairs services to the corporate entities, professionals and citizens of India. If you see all the details about the company's form a part of MCA 21 database. Now let us know about paid-up capital. When you study about paid-up capital obviously you have to know also about authorized capital as well. See the authorized capital of a company is the maximum amount of share capital for which shares can be issued by a company. The initial authorized capital of a company is mentioned in the memorandum of association of the company and the initial authorized capital will be usually Rs 1 lakh. The authorized capital can be increased by the company at any time with shareholders approval and by paying additional fee to the registrar of companies. Now the paid-up share capital of a company is the amount of money for which shares were issued to the shareholders for which payments were made by the shareholders. Paid-up capital will always be less than authorized capital as a company cannot issue cash above its authorized capital. So if you see this illustration the authorized capital is like the glass container that holds the water and paid-up capital is like the water in the container. The water cannot exceed the glass container volume at any time and if required you can increase the size of the glass container that is here the authorized capital. With this we come to the end of the analysis of this news article. The displayed practice prelims question will be discussed in the last session of the video. Now let us move on to the analysis of next news article. Now the next article is an editorial about non-performing assets and this article appears on page 8 in Chennai, Bangalore, Thiruvananthapuram editions and page 6 in Delhi edition. Now this article will be relevant in prelims under economic development and in mains under GS paper 3 in Indian economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of resources, growth and development. The editorial article discusses about the problems and unresolved issues in the banking sector. The authors focus on non-performing assets that require immediate attention. Now non-performing asset is any asset of a bank which is not producing any income. In other words, a loan or lease that is not meeting its stated principal and interest payments. On a bank's balance sheet, loans made to customers are listed as assets. The biggest risk to a bank is when customers who take out loans stop making their payments causing the value of the loan assets to decline. The author points that non-performing assets at commercial banks amounted to 10.3 trillion rupees or 11.2% of advances in March 2018. Here advance means a credit facility provided to the big corporations to fulfill their daily needs like salary and wages, admin expenses, material expenses etc. Business use this credit facility to run a day-to-day operation smoothly and advances are for the short term like for one year. And in that 10.3 million rupees, public sector banks accounted for 8.9 trillion or 86% of the total non-performing assets. Now these levels are typically associated with the banking crisis. But in 2007-2008 period, non-performing assets totaled to around 566 billion rupees which is just a little over half a trillion. This increase in non-performing assets is shocking. So now let us see the origin of this NPA crisis. Now the crisis started in the time period from 2004-2005 to 2008-2009. This period saw a rapid growth in the credit or in other words there was a credit boom especially the commercial credit doubled. Now commercial credit is a pre-approved amount of money issued by a bank to a company that can be accessed by the borrowing company at any time to help meet various financial obligations of the company. Commercial credit is commonly used to fund common day-to-day operations and is often paid back once funds become available. Next in this period the world economies as well as the Indian economy were booming. Then to avail the growth opportunity of a rapidly growing economy, Indian firms borrowed furiously and most of the investments went into infrastructure and related areas such as telecom, power, roads, aviation and steel. Moreover, businessmen started to believe that India had entered an era of nine percent growth. The author mentions these as the background for the problem. Now let us see what actually resulted in such large non-performing assets especially by the public sector banks. Firstly, the public sector banks had the higher exposure to five most affected sectors which are mining, iron and steel, textiles, infrastructure and aviation. These sectors accounted for 29 percent of advances and 53 percent of stressed advances at public sector banks in December 2014. Stressed advances are the loans which are restructured by banks by giving on more opportunity to the borrower if they default. This opportunity is in the form of an extended time period for repayment and a reduced interest rate or such soft conditions. If you see here, these public sector banks accounted for 86 percent of advances in these five sectors. This is an interesting coincidence as this number is exactly the same as the public sector banks share in total non-performing assets. The five sectors were affected due to many reasons like the infrastructure projects were impacted and got stalled by problems in acquiring lands and getting environmental clearances. In addition, see the mining and telecom sectors were impacted by adverse court judgments then steel sector was impacted by dumping of steel from China. Dumping in general is a situation of international price discrimination where the price of a product when sold in the importing country is less than the price of that product in the market of the exporting country. Now for example China may manufacture a product and if this product is sold in China say for example it can be sold for a price of $10. Now the China finds better market access and it feels that with the better demand in India it can get more profit even if the product is being sold for just say $5 and this is a scenario where dumping happens and the problem is see with dumping say the same product manufactured by Indian manufacturers can be sold only for 20. Now see the price difference now this seriously affects the local manufacturers or the native Indian manufacturers. Now this is what happened or what affected the steel sector Indian steel sector. Thus the sectors to which public sector banks were heavily exposed to were impacted by factors beyond the control of bank management. In addition to all these world economy was experiencing the onset of the global financial crisis which happened in 2007-8 and the and then the slowdown in growth after 2011-12. Now because of these the revenues fell which was way short of the forecast of fall in revenue. Then another problem is the depreciation of the rupee which resulted in higher outflows for companies that had borrowed in foreign currency. This is because when rupee depreciates the amount to be paid against the foreign currency for a company automatically increases. Therefore and later year 2014-15 marked a turning point. The Reserve Bank of India was in the belief that non-performing assets were being understated so it introduced tougher norms for non-performing asset recognition under a asset quality review. Usually the central bank has several ways to examine the status of asset quality of banks. The most used one is the annual financial inspection that is AFI through which the RBI inspects the balance sheets of every bank annually. But during 2015 RBI conducted inspection of selected banks balance sheet in random. The report from such inspection is termed as asset quality review. After this new way of inspection it was found that non-performing assets in 2015-16 almost doubled in those chosen randomly selected banks. The author states that this doubling of non-performing assets is not because of bad decisions in that current year. Rather it is just the cumulative bad decisions of the past which were now captured more accurately. Now here higher non-performing assets mean higher provisions meaning higher money supply by the banks. But the provisions rose to a level where banks especially public sector banks started making losses and as a result their capital got eroded. Once non-performing assets happen it is important to resolve them quickly otherwise the interest on dues in turn causes non-performing assets to rise continuously or relentlessly. So the combination of these adverse factors made it difficult for companies to service or to repay their loans to Indian public sector banks. Now the author lists some plans to prevent such crisis as a way forward. First immediate action that is required is resolving the non-performing assets where banks have to accept losses on loans and they should be able to do so without any fear of harassment by the investigative agencies. The Indian banks association has set up a six-member panel to oversee resolution plans of lead lenders. Now resolution plans are the plans where the depths of defaulting companies or entities are restructured and they can pay their lenders over an extended period of time. One path of the resolution is to sell the company or entity in order to repay the creditors. Next an alternative solution is to set up a loan resolution authority if necessarily maybe through an art of parliament. Then the government must infuse additional capital that is needed to recapitalize banks at one go or at one payment because providing such capital in multiple installments is not helping the banks to increase their bank credit because banks make money by lending money to borrowers and then charging interest rates on the same. Then actions need to be taken to strengthen the functioning of banks in general and more particularly in public sector banks. This needs to be done by improvement in the governance at public sector banks which means the improvement in the functioning of the boards of public sector banks. Because one important lesson from the past decades experience with respect to non-performing assets is the management of concentration risk that is excessive exposure to any particular business group or particular sector or geography etc. The concentration risk management is an important aspect to be left entirely to the bank boards. Another solution which the author suggests is reducing the delay in succession planning at public sector banks despite the constitution of banks board bureau to advise on selection of top management. The appointment of managing directors and executive directors continues to be with long delays and this must end. The author concludes that the task of accelerating economic growth is urgent and this is not possible without finding a solution to the problems that confront the banking system such as non-performing assets. The displayed mains question will be discussed in the final session. Now let us move on to next article. This article appears on page number 18 in Delhi edition 20 in Chennai and Tiruvannathapuram and page 22 in Bangalore edition of the newspaper. The article is about the acute shortage of healthcare providers in India. The article will be relevant under current events of national importance in economic and social development in prelims and in mains in GS paper two in issues relating to development and management of social sector relating to health. The article is based on a paper published in Southeast Asian Journal of Public Health of WHO titled as forecasting the future need and gaps in requirements for public health professionals in India up to 2026. The study was carried out to estimate the supply and need for public health professionals in India in 2017 and to forecast possible supply needs scenarios up to 2026. The article states that though there are around 50 lakh workers in health sector in India, the density of public health professionals is low even lower than that of Sri Lanka, China, Thailand, UK and Brazil. When we mean workers in health sector it includes doctors those who are allopathic alternative medicine, nursing and midwifery professionals, public health professionals in medical and non-medical areas, pharmacists, dentists, paramedical workers who are also called as allied health professionals, grassroots workers who are also called as frontline workers and support staff and this paper the research paper defines public health professional as a person educated in public health or related discipline and is employed to improve health through a population focus and therefore include professionals from several disciplines and diverse fields encompassing behavioral sciences, health promotion and communication, biostatistics, medical sciences, environmental health, epidemiology, health service administration, international health, maternal and child health, nutrition, public health lab practice, public health policy. India has been put under the category of countries with critical shortage of public health professionals. The article also notes that there are inequitable distributions of skilled health workers. There is also lack of government data related to vacancies in health care system in India. With respect to government statistics for the year 2008 the paper found that 18 percent of primary health centers in India are without a doctor, 38 percent of primary health centers are without a lab technician and 16 percent were without a pharmacist. The study found that the number of public health professionals in India in the year 2017 was just 11 for a lack of population, just 11 for one lakh population which is substantially below the recommendation given by association of schools of public health which is about 220 public health professionals per one lakh population. This means that India does not have around 27 lakh public health professionals required for effective health care system. India just has around 143,000 public health professionals. The association of schools and public health is part of office of disease prevention and health promotion of US government that recommended 220 public health professionals. Now this news article implicitly mentions about the need to increase PHP's in India and thus to create a strong health system so as to achieve the sustainable development goals by 2030. We know that SDG goal number 4 deals with good health and well-being and it aims to ensure healthy lives and to promote well-being for all at all ages. With this let us now move on to the last session of the analysis the practice come revision session. The first question the first question is with reference to proxy voting. They have given two statements and are asking which of the statements are correct. The first question proxy voting means appointing any person as one's proxy to cast vote on his or her behalf in his or her polling station. Now this statement is correct and it is the exact meaning of proxy voting. Now coming to the second statement in India proxy voting is authorized for both service voters and non-resident Indian citizens. Now this statement is incorrect because right now as per existing arrangements proxy voting is authorized only for service voters and not for non-resident Indians. As per the data sourced from say the election commission of India's website this year a total of almost 16 lakh service voters are enrolled in the country. There is a debate going on about extending proxy voting for non-resident Indians also. A bill to extend proxy voting rights to non-resident Indians was passed in the Lokshaba in August 2018 but it is pending in Rajesh Shaba. The bill is representation of people amendment bill 2017. It is set to lapse on the dissolution of the present Lokshaba in the month of June and members of Indian Army, Navy, Air Force, Border Road Organization, BSF, ITBP, ASAM rifles, National Security Cards, CRPF, CISF and SSB are eligible to be registered as service voters. Therefore first statement is correct, second statement is wrong. So the correct answer will be option A, one only. Now the second question is with reference to Chilika Lake. They have given four statements and are asking which of the above statements are correct. Now the first statement it is the largest brackish water lake in Asia. Now this statement is correct as we know from our discussion that Chilika Lake is the largest brackish water lake in Asia and brackish water have the dissolved solid concentrations between 1000 milligram per liter or 1000 parts per million to 10,000 milligram per liter or 10,000 parts per million. Second statement it is the only Ramsar site of Odisha. Now this statement is partially correct because we know that Chilika Lake is in the state of Odisha and we also know that Chilika Lake is a Ramsar site. But the question states that it is the only Ramsar site of Odisha. Now that is wrong because Bithirkanika mangroves in the state of Odisha are also listed as Ramsar site. So the second statement is wrong. Now the third statement it is listed in the Montreaks record. Now this statement is incorrect because in 1993 Chilika Lake was listed in Montreaks record but later it was removed from Montreaks record in 2002 because it was successfully restored by the Chilika Development Authority. Now the fourth statement it has the largest lagoon supported dolphin population in the world. The fourth statement is correct as Chilika Lake has the largest lagoon supported dolphin population in the world. Now the question asks for correct statements. So statement one and statement four are correct therefore option C one and four only is the correct answer. The third question is also with reference to Chilika Lake. They have given four points or four futures and are asking to select the correct answer. Bracish Water Lake. Now we know that Chilika Lake is a Bracish Water Lake and it is the largest Bracish Water Lake in Asia. Now we also know that it is a shallow lagoon with an estuarine character. So two is correct three is correct and we saw that Chilika Lake is a wetland which was protected under Ramsar site convention Ramsar convention. Now this means Chilika Lake is a wetland of international importance. So the correct answer to this question is option D one two three and four. All are the features of Chilika Lake in Odisha. The fourth question is with respect to Chandra and two they have given two statements and are asking which of the statements are correct. Now the first statement Chandra and one had a moon impact probe to hit on the lunar surface. The primary objective of Chandra and two is to demonstrate the ability to soft land on the lunar surface and to operate a robotic rover on the surface. See this statement is correct. Chandra and one had a moon impact probe just to hit on the lunar surface. It was released and it hit the lunar surface closely to the lunar south pole Chandra and one. Chandra and one did not had the feature of soft landing on the lunar surface. It was impact probe whereas Chandra and two the primary objective is to demonstrate the ability to soft land and therefore to become fourth country in the world to demonstrate this ability if this project becomes successful. The other three countries are US, China and Russia. Therefore the first statement is correct. Now the second statement Chandra and one was launched using GSLV launch vehicle and Chandra and two has been planned to be launched using a PSLV launch vehicle. Now this statement is incorrect. See Chandra and one was launched using PSLV polar satellite launch vehicle not using a geosynchronous satellite launch vehicle and Chandra and two is to be planned to be launched using a geosynchronous satellite launch vehicle. So the second statement is wrong. Therefore the answer for this question is option A1 only. Now the question number five is with respect to MCA 21 and they are asking MCA 21 is often seen in news refers to first option supersonic jet fighter and interceptor aircraft. See that is MIG 21 not MCA 21 and the second option maternal care initiative of world health organization. Now we know that maternal care initiative of world health organization is called as safe motherhood initiative not MCA maternal care initiative not MCA it is called safe motherhood initiative and option C e governance initiative of the ministry of corporate affairs. Now this is correct. See MCA 21 refers to e governance initiative of ministry of corporate affairs and this initiative enables easy and secure access of MCA or the ministry of corporate affairs services to corporate companies professionals and corporate citizens. So the correct answer for this question is option C and option D galaxy from where even horizon telescope captured the first image of the black hole. Now that galaxy is not MCA 21 it is M87 galaxy. Now let us move on to next question. The correct option is option C. The main question examine the NPA crisis in the banking system of India and suggest sustainable measures to overcome the situation. Now for answering the first part of the question first define what is non-performing asset then discuss its origin and what led to the actual crisis as we discussed in our analysis such as public sector banks higher exposure to the five most affected sectors such as iron and steel infrastructure telecom etc and then highlight the global economic crisis also and for the second part you add points such as resolving non-performing assets new loan resolution authority giving additional capital you know that needs to be infused by the government in a single payment etc as discussed in our today's analysis also add your own views and measures based on today's analysis. With this we come to the end of today's the Hindu news analysis. If you like the video press the like button share it with your friends subscribe to Shankaray's academy youtube channel to get notified about the Hindu news analysis every day.


We start our journey in a blooming rapeseed field in Poland. Rapeseed fields can be seen growing in countryside throughout the world. Rapeseed, also known as canola, is a raw material that has mainly been used for oil processing and animal feed. But did you also know rapeseed can also be a source of protein? After harvesting, rapeseed is pressed to make oil which is commonly used in our kitchens. Rapeseed cake is a byproduct of the pressing of oil, and well, it isn't your traditional cake that comes out of the oven. The natural-based process for turning rapeseed into protein involves several steps, including extraction, mechanical separation, filtration, and finally drying. The technique can be used by oil seed producers that currently process rapeseed for oil in rapeseed cake. Currently, the process is in the scale-up phase and will later be usable for large-scale production. Rapeseed cake is a sustainable source of protein. For those sensitive to allergies, rapeseed protein could be a valuable protein alternative. The startup company Napaferrin has been using bio-circular technology to make the most of rapeseed cake, transforming it into two types of powder, one which is protein and the other containing fiber. By using food tech, rapeseed can be a sustainable plant-based food protein source. It also has the benefits of having no smell or flavor, making it a practical ingredient for various food products like granola, protein bars, bread, or meat substitutes. Moreover, it can be used as a plant-based protein substitute for egg whites and meringues, or in the mayonnaise that you put on your sandwich. Would you give rapeseed protein a try?


Και 보시έτε, πόσοι! Λέω back! It's Vicky here with a really fun project . Today I'm playing with a new designer's choice Dykeit by Tonic Studios. This month it comes with 16 dice in the set and you can create adorable little boxes with them. Now let's take a look first on what's included. You will also get the dice in one of those plastic pouches and they do have a tap on top that you can label if you want. και τα βάζει με κομμάτια στον κομμάτι, για να μπορείτε να τα σκοτήσεις εύκολα σε ένα τελειώμα. Τώρα, δούμε ένα κομμάτι για το τι έχεις, υπάρχουν 16 τάσεις μέχρι και θα σας δείξω τίποτα τι έχεις. Λοιπόν, πρώτα από όλοι, αυτό είναι το πάνω τάσος. Αυτό είναι το τάσος που έχεις να κομμάσεις δυο, να βάζεις το μικρό μου κομμάτι. Και φυσικά θα σας δείξω πώς είναι, να το βάζεις τα μικρό μου κομμάτι. Η κομμάτι έρχεται με τόνες δικομένες. Τώρα, έχεις αυτές οι μικές βιντες. Το συζητήρα κομμάτια, αλλά μπορείτε να σας εμβληθεί με το ένα που μεταφέγεται βόγον στη πάνω. Και there are three different designs for the front and the back. These little rectangles are for decorating the sides and you can cut out a panel and decorate them with those lovely lace looking designs. Βέβαια για να κομμάτιας τα σάτια και το βάτος του εμπλου, Υπάρχουν τρεις διαφορετικές σχέδες που δούλυσαν στους τρεις διαφορετικές πάνερες. Υπάρχουν τρεις τάξιες σε διαφορετικές σχέδες με ένα κομμάτι στον κομμάτι, ώστε να μπορείτε να το χρειαστείτε εύκολο. Βέβαια one of them says with love, the other says enjoying the third one a gift. Λοιπόν, they all give you a beautiful and bossed look. You will see how they work on my examples today. Για να κομμάσεις το πόνο και το πόνο, you can get four different designs and I will be using two of them today. Υπάρχουν τρεις διαφορετικές σχέδες που δούλυσαν σε διαφορετικές σχέδες. Υπάρχουν τίποτα the same but they aren't. One of them has a dot design, the other one has a stitched design and it is the same with those two ties that they look identical but they are actually aren't. Now by combining all these ties you get so many different options and the possibilities are really endless. I'm going to create a couple of boxes so you can see two different designs. For the first one I'm going to cut out this shape twice from pink cardstock and when you have all those pieces flat this is where you need to decorate them. So you can pick any of the window dies and cut out a window there or you can combine it with the panel to cut out panels and stick them on top of your box. It's up to you how you want to use them. And today for my examples I'm going to use both ways so you can see them in action. Now for the first one I used the die directly on top of my panel only at the front. So I created a little window and you can see the contents of the box through that. If whatever you plan to fit inside the box is very thin and you feel that they are going to fall through all those holes then you can of course back them up with an acetate for example so you can still see through or like I'm going to do later on just as an example you can use volume. Now at this stage I'm just going to reinforce all those scoring lines. I'm using my bone folder for that and with a very thin double sided tape I'm going to add some pieces only where those flaps are. So there are two flaps on its piece and I find that the size of this little box is perfect for party favors. You can fit inside little chocolates and also if you want to gift jewelry they are the perfect size so you can fit inside little necklaces or bracelets or even earrings and cut them out as a gift. Now I am peeling off the packing of those two flaps and I'm not going to video edit anything so you can see how easy it is to put these boxes together. For a construction of such a box I would recommend to go with a cardstock that it is quite heavy. The heavier the cardstock the sturdier your box is going to be. I always like to run my bone folder along those areas where the glue is just to reinforce the bonding a little bit better and at the bottom if you want you can add a little bit of glue and then slide one box on top of the other. We already have glue at the side flap so all you have to do is to align them Press them together and your little box is pretty much ready I always like to run my bone folder one more time at the bottom where that glue is just to make sure that they are nicely stuck together and now I'm going to show you how easy it is to close this box. At the top you can see those two hearts hold both of them together and press them down just a little bit and as you hold them together one after the other the flaps can slide on top. And here is the little box ready to go. Now just to take it a step further I'm going to show you different ways on how you can embellish it even more. So here I have a piece of velum I'm adding glue only on the outer edges and then I'm going to slide it through just behind the window. Now this is a step that you should have done before you put your box together it's much easier that way and again instead of using velum just to protect the contents inside you can use acetate. I'm also going to use one of the three tags that are included in the kit and I picked the one that embosses the word enjoy you will see that it is going to cut out the beautiful shape but you will be able to perfectly read the embossed enjoy word.  I'm going to cut off the excess thread and I'm going to embellish it a little bit more with a little flower that I have on my stash you can create a paper flower if you want I'm just going to stick it down there and embellish with a couple of green leaves that I cut out and I'm going to finish off my design by adding some nuvo drops along the design of the window. So here is the first little box that I created super cute and adorable and remember that you can go a step further and embellish the sides or even the bottom and the back if you want to. Here are some closer photos on this little box and notice how readable the word enjoy is on the tag although it is just embossed. Now these boxes are super fun to create so once you make one you want to make another so here is one more for this one I used specialty card by tonic studios this is the pearl damask I don't know if you can see with my lighting the beautiful design but it is pearlescent plus it has a lovely embossed look and it is heavy so you will probably see the design in the close-up photos at the end of this video. Now for the window and for embellishing my box I'm going to use this glitter cardstock and this is the Welsh gold absolutely gorgeous and this time I'm going to cut out a beautiful design along with the outline so one inside the other I'm going to secure them down with some washi tape run them through my die cutting machine and here is what I got So for this design I'm not die cutting directly on the main construction I'm just creating a panel that I can stick on top of the side I used nouveau de luxe glue at the back and I'm going to stick it there and I'm going for a stained glass look so I will cut out the same design out of pink cardstock for the roses and out of green cardstock for the leaves and here is the finished look just standing after doing all the inlaying of the little pieces I used the pink pieces to put together the little roses and I found that there are three roses on this design as well as a few leaves now I'm reinforcing again the scoring lines with my bone folder and I'm going to put the books together just like I did with the first one Again for this one you can go ahead and create similar panels like the one that I added at the front to decorate the sides and even the back you can also die cut one of the little tags and wrap it around just like I did with the first box I decided to leave it as it is I think it looks stunning with this beautiful stained glass look and here are both the boxes that I made using the designer's choice die kit by tonic studios here are some close-up photos and don't forget just like always you will find down below links to everything I use for creating my project today I hope that you had fun, that you got inspired thank you all so much for watching and I'll see you all next time


The course of a student of the Federal University of Yorkity has been discovered in the shallow grave within the school's campus. Atanda Maudoukwe was a 200-level student of nursing in the institution who was declared missing a few days ago. Student Union leaders vowed to collaborate with security operatives to unravel the circumstances behind the gruesome murder and ensure that perpetrators are brought to book. The Deputy Vice Chancellor of the Institution, Professor Tadjudin of Bola, who expressed the condolence of the school's management said the institution has been shot and students are advised to vacate the campus immediately. We are going to be collaborating with many of the Nigerian police force and other security agencies to ensure that justice is done. This is not a matter that we are going to undo or take with levity. On behalf of over 43,004 students, we are saying we demand justice. We demand an inquiry. Anybody who has to pay for this should pay for it. And we will not take no for an answer. And I want to use this opportunity to challenge the management team and to demand for some few things in which I and the Student Union president will rest here. One of the ten is we want the management team to light up for a compound for police. And they should try all their possible best to clear out the bushes inside the campus for our whole security and for the security of Nigerians to declare it. Make it clear once again that the university management will not leave any school on town in collaboration with security agencies to, by the grace of God, detect the culprit that must have done this damage to our name and damage to our university. Because over 11 years ago that we started, we have never experienced this. And by the grace of God, we are not going to experience it again. All strategies, everything will be put in place to ensure that there is no repeat of this.