On the birthday of the first time, I should at least also offer some presents to someone here who is enjoying this dinner as well as I do. I want to ask if there is somebody who might, for Christ, who might know what is the name that is given to the 120th anniversary? What is the name that is given to the 120th anniversary? As for example, you would say Jubilee for 50 years. What is that description for 125? Raise your hand. No need to speak together. I'm a professor. I get used to people carrying on as if they know the answer. So if you know the answer, just raise your hand and tell us what it is. And please, no one googles up anything. They look right next to you to be sure that nobody is googling up anything. Is there anyone at all? Yes, there's a lady right there sitting down and raising her hand. Please just come up and there's a microphone right here. Your Excellency, I just changed. Crazy Central. Say that again. Crazy Central. Yes, that is quite correct. Actually, the word is pronounced quashy sensual. So please come up. There's a present right here. And it's dinner for two at the metaphor. The metaphor, by the way, is a very lovely restaurant. I'm a 78A Unis background student. By the way, this gentleman happens to be my in-law, and it's not by arrangement. I must tell you, I'm truly... Thank you very much. This is Mr. Iroh Supai, the chairman of the Lagos Inland Revenue Service. Congratulations. We all know now that the 25th Anniversary is called the Quashy Sensual Anniversary. And I think that when we celebrate these kinds of very special anniversaries, there is a sense in which the reflection was different. The reflection one will celebrate is 30th, 40th, 50th, etc. But let me congratulate the board, management, and staff, past and present and first, on this marvelous occasion of the 125th Anniversary of the Like. Being Nigeria's premier and her largest fan for decades, it's certainly worthy of celebration. Another possible week or so, there have been a harvest of praise and commendation at home and abroad. I've been reading a few of the tributes to the First Bank, and these days I have a bit of time on my hands after campaigning all over the place and waiting now for the inauguration. I've been reading a few tributes. One of the most intriguing for me was one written by my dear Egon, Mr. J. K. Rangu, where he opened by saying, and I quote, that the combination of one plus two and five, making eight, has significant implications amongst magicians, amongst tarot card readers, amongst fortune tellers, snake charmers, and Pentecostal creatures of authority, who insist that it is supercharged with spiritual dimensions. Regardless, it goes on to say, we must abandon metaphysics and concentrate, instead, on heartily congratulating our nation's oldest life on its 125th Anniversary. But I disagree with him slightly. Any entity that attains the age of 125 cannot complain if people take a spiritual approach to explaining the phenomena. How many anything lasts 100 years, let alone 125 years. So let me add mine to it. For me, there are at least three takeaways from the First Bank Odyssey. The first is the place of grace, which we describe as our merited favor in the life of any human or institution. That factor cannot be explained by administrative argument or just financial prudence or good business practices alone. It's important because so many old banks, well established, well run, all over the world have failed, even in old age. And many here will remember the Desmond Brothers, the Beres Cairns, Arie Brothers in the UK, etc. and the number that have collapsed in here in living memory. And the collapse of some of them is purely, it's not necessarily due to justice management. In any event, who is to say which era of judgment can become so fatal? So there is something to be said about grace, about providence, about the hand of God. And I believe that there is reason for First Bank to thank God for the hand of God in their story. The second is that the status of being an icon comes with responsibility. You have nothing more to prove except that good values can be allowed to thrive and shouldn't deal. As President Buhari said in his congratulatory message to the First Bank at the weekend, purposefulness, prudence and propriety have come to define this bank, this institution. For an iconic institution, every new day is legacy and history being made. The third and final point is the legal presumptions. And it is in the form of counsel, out of the 62-year-old man, advise a 125-year-old. My counsel is that age is not a barrier to innovation and vision. Indeed, to take again from the scriptures, and you have been warned by His Royal Highness that I would resort to scripture. We are told that at the age of 90, Abraham got a fresh mandate from God. Regularly renewing your own mandates and reworking your vision surely helped to keep you ahead of the young Turks who continually challenged your premier status. We are extremely proud of the First Bank because your success all these years reinforced our belief in ourselves as a people and as a nation and not only are we capable of building greater institutions, we can nurture them for centuries.  And everyone who says amen will live long. Oh, did I get you there? So happy, quasi, sensual anniversary. Thank you very much. Your Excellency sir, would we please ask you to remove for the cutting of our...


I try to convince people not to use teleological arguments where they're not warranted, but a lot of them just don't see the point. When trying to make sense of some event, there are many different ways to categorize and dissect the circumstances which led up to that event. For example, if I asked you why you're watching Thunk right now, you might say, well, because there's a new episode, or because I enjoy it, or maybe because my parents always encourage me to learn weird new stuff, or maybe you get a little bit more technical, like because I clicked on a link, or because the internet is streaming information to my CPU, which is sending signals to my GPU, which is displaying a video on my screen, or maybe even, well, first you see there was this big bang. We don't really think about it much, but whenever we explain why something happened, we're necessarily making choices about what resolution to use for that explanation, and how best to group the causes that we can see at that resolution. Some combinations of those factors are more useful or intuitive than others, and it's easy to get into disagreements with people if you choose to use a different scale or categorization than they would. Like if someone asked you why you were late for work, and you said, well, because of the laws of physics, you might be technically correct, but you're still probably going to get fired. Explanations are ones which revolve around some sort of purpose, intent, or goal. In answering a question like why are knives sharp, although it's technically correct to say something like because they were ground against a stone at an acute angle, it makes a little bit more intuitive sense to appeal to a teleological explanation, like because we intend to use them to cut things. Teleological reasoning actually makes a lot of sense in an environment which is mostly dominated by designed man-made objects. Cars have wheels because we need them to roll. Screens have colors because we need to see them. It's probably difficult for you to pick out a single object in your field of view that doesn't have some sort of purpose or intent associated with its characteristics and why it is the way that it is. Teleology is kind of special among other kinds of explanation because it necessitates a sort of predictive power. An idea about some future state of affairs and a plan for them. Usually there's a clear one-way relationship between cause and effect, but in a teleological relationship, the effect is kind of what causes the cause. I'm going to want to cut something at some point, so I made a sharp knife. Of course, there are numerous examples for which it doesn't make a lot of sense to flip the cause and effect like that or to appeal to some sort of anticipatory intent like why is the sky blue or why do apples fall downward? There isn't an intended purpose for the color of the sky or the direction of gravity. It's not like the atmosphere or falling objects are steepling their fingers and going excellent. But interestingly, it would seem that humans have a particular affinity for trying to explain things that way, even if it doesn't make a lot of sense. According to a 1999 study by Dorothy Kellerman, children are likely to default to a teleological sort of thinking, even in situations that don't really call for it. If you ask a child why mountains are the way they are, they might say, for climbing. If you ask them why clouds exist, they might say, so we can have rain. Five year olds probably don't know enough about plate tectonics or evaporation to give physical responses to these questions. So they appeal to intent, maybe because it's familiar. Even if in this case, it's a little bit crazy. We climb mountains because they're tall and we have rain because of clouds, not the other way around. But in the absence of a more complete understanding of the world, maybe it makes sense to jump at a format of answer that works for other stuff, like knives and cars. But here's where it gets interesting. In 2008, Kellerman performed an experiment on some university students who had completed their undergraduate scientific curriculum. They were shown a series of explanations for different kinds of phenomena. Ranging from reasonable, like children wear gloves to keep their hands warm, or plants wilt because they get dehydrated, to nonsensical, like cars have horns to illuminate dark roads. If she cranked up the speed at which the students were forced to respond to the questions, they were basically just as good at picking out silly physical explanations, no worries there. But the faster they were forced to respond, the more likely they were to make mistakes in favor of teleology. Even though they had a reasonable scientific understanding of principles like nuclear fusion or genetic mutation, if they weren't given a lot of time to think about it, they were likely to suggest that stuff like the sun radiates heat because warmth nurtures life and germs mutate in order to become drug resistant were acceptable explanations. In 2012, she replicated this study with professional physical scientists, researchers in the fields of physics and chemistry, who really ought to know better. They made the same sorts of mistakes, although if they were given some time to go back and review their answers, they were generally better at spotting their errors. What's the deal? Well, in her paper, Kellerman suggests three possible explanations for this phenomena. First, maybe we've got some sort of instinctive teleological slant to how we try to make sense of the world, some sort of hard-coded bias in our brains that defaults to agency, even when there isn't any. We've collected a whole laundry list of other cognitive defects where we imagine human characteristics in weird places. For example, we're prone to perceiving human faces and voices in random noise, or assigning human characteristics and feelings to animals or even inanimate objects. Maybe this teleological thing is just another entry on that list. Second, maybe we're taught a compelling worldview at a very early age, which represents nature as an entity with a will and goals. I mean, we've all heard the phrase mother nature at some point, and it's a concept which appears in several cultures. Maybe that's just lodged deep in our subconscious, and when we're too distracted to think things through, it just pops out. Third, it's possible that we just gradually accumulate a series of crappy teleological explanations for natural phenomena throughout our lives, and we're slowly conditioned to think of them as a good answer for anything, even when they're not. Some well-intentioned teachers might use a metaphor of agency to explain things in a way that's easy for a five-year-old to understand. The water wants to be at the lowest possible point, or the Earth has a magnetic field to protect itself from harmful magnetic radiation. Repeat that same scheme over and over for years, and eventually, maybe that's just where our brains go when we're looking for answers. Perhaps when we're trying to explain the same phenomenon to someone else. Each of those mechanisms sound pretty plausible to me, and they each have fascinating implications. If we're wired to imagine agency in the world around us, that tells us something about how our brains work. If we're trained to do so, either by custom or mythology, that gives us a reason to re-examine how we teach and talk to children about why things are the way they are. Whatever the cause, we all seem to share this problem from five-year-olds to physicists, and it's probably a good idea to remember that it's there. And let's be real, I'm a designer, and I can say with some certainty that even for man-made stuff, sometimes the question why doesn't have an answer that has a lot to do with design. What's the last teleological error that you made? Please leave a comment below and let me know what you think. Thank you very much for watching. Don't forget to blah, blah, subscribe, blah, share, and don't stop thunking.


I noticed tonight obviously is the birth of Hazret-e-Matsoum, and she is not on that list. Does that mean that list is only the four on that list of the greatest, or are there other women within Islam who we can emulate to be more like or learn lessons from? The religion of Islam has produced and has seen some of the greatest women you'll ever find in the history of humanity. Because you don't make it in the list of Ibrahim, Nuh, Musa, Isa, and Muhammad, it doesn't mean you're not a great prophet. Of course. It doesn't mean you weren't a Luqman of your time or a Talut. Talut is a king for his people. Luqman is a saint for his people in the sense of the wisdom that he has. It doesn't mean Asif bin Barqiya, the wasri of Sulaiman, was not a great person. He's bringing a throne of the Queen of Shiba next to you. But those four excel, but that's not to deny that there weren't great women in this religion who may not have made the list of that four. But believe you me, the amount of devotion they had towards their Lord is something impeccable. I remember Sheikh al-Saduq, may Allah bless his soul, has a work, the khisal, it's a renowned work. And you know, within the khisal, there are certain genres of literature where some chapters are named after numbers. So, you know, if a chapter is named after seven, it means the seven, the hadiths of seven, those who are the best in their patience are seven. Those who are the following seven is what ensures you get into heaven. You know, so there's a particular chapter in Saduq's khisal. I tell you, may Allah bless his soul, gives this narration a Sahih is not extremely strong. It says that there are seven great women. Your hadith that you bought up said the greatest. This hadith mentioned seven great women. When this hadith mentions the seven great women, I don't think many of the speakers in our community have even discussed or given biographies of these seven. Many would have discussed Sayyidah Many would have discussed, for example, Maryam, many would have discussed Fatima Zahra, but I don't think many would have discussed, for example, You see, I'm going to bring names of people Muslims all agree upon. I don't want to bring names of people some Muslims will revere, others will differ or people who cause headaches for every Muslim. So, these seven Muslims, these seven great women, and notice something, many times in their traditions, whenever they give a piece of advice to their followers, they don't say and the men of our nation should be like this. For example, doesn't say that Allah has placed mercy on the men who revive our affair. No. Correct. Ahlul Bayt wanted to make clear for all of us that the women in our community and the men in our community, all of them can achieve the highest of levels here in this tradition. Asma'a bint Umayyus is mentioned. Salama is mentioned. I asked you, Sayyid Jaber, Salama, who is she? Who is she, the servant of Fatima Zahra? It's a good try, and I won't ask you a question again because it's unfair for me to put you in such a position, but let's say someone like Salama, the wife, let's say for example Salama, the wife of Hamza bin Abdul-Muttalib. Think of Fizze, sorry. Sayyidah Filza is another great woman. Even I remember in that list Sheikh al-Saluq mentions the mother of Khalid ibn al-Waleed as being seen as one of the greatest women. Yet no one has for example read her biography. Yes, Waleed ibn al-Mughira is a nightmare by his wife. That's an interesting discussion. Why have the Imams of Ahlul Bayt mentioned? Asma'a bint Umayyus, we know. Salama we know. Maimuna we know. There's another lady who's mentioned by the name of Hamidah. There's another lady from Ben Uthaqif who is known as the wife of a man by the name of Hajj. Not necessarily Hajj ibn Yusl but another of the Hajj. Now these women and another one is Umfadul the wife of Abbas the uncle of Rasulullah sallallahu alaihi wa sallam. Now when you're seeing these great women being mentioned, when we're saying that the four greatest women are Asya, Maryam, Khadija and Fatima. We're not discounting the other greats. We didn't mention Sayyid al-Zaynab alaihi wa sallam. We didn't mention Sayyid al-Fidha as you rightly mentioned. We didn't mention Sumayyya mother of Ammar binyas. We didn't mention Umayyaman for example. There are others that we didn't mention such as Sousan, such as Tuktam, Nargis. We haven't even mentioned for example the ladies of the tenth of Muharram. Daylam, the wife of Zuhair ibn al-Qayn. Laila, the wife of Imam al-Hussain alaihi wa sallam. Umis Haq, the daughter of Talha. All of these we haven't mentioned. Umul baneen. Umul baneen, the mother of Aba al-Fadlan. So I don't want to say that because we're mentioning these four there weren't other greats. But like the Quran says there were some messengers we made to excel above others. Likewise there are some women who were made to excel above others in the eyes of Allah.


Hello everybody, E here. Welcome back to Top 5 Friday. Today's episode is one of the most requested episodes we have across the channel. People comment on my Stephen King top list, my Richard Lehman, my Dean Coons, so on and so forth. And I'm finally going to go ahead and do it. I was going to wait until I actually recollected some of these books, but I decided to go ahead because the more I think about it, the more I try and go back and read the books or even going to Amazon to find used copies of the books or locally to my local used bookstore, I don't even want to pay two to three dollars for these books, which is sad. As we get older or as our tastes change, well as we get older, our tastes change. Simple as that. I really loved this author back in the day, but nowadays not so much. I've tried to pick up two of his books that I enjoyed, actually one I had never read and then another one that I enjoyed in the past and I couldn't finish either one of them. But with that caveat, or that's probably not even the right word, but with that said, I did love this author's work at some point in time. I just do not enjoy it anymore. My tastes have changed and I've gone far more to the literary side of things. So that being said, let's jump into the actual list. Today we are talking about Bentley Little. If you guys love Bentley Little, let me hear from you down there in the doobly-doo. If you don't like him, especially let me hear from you because I am of that vein nowadays. If I read these top five books again, well, I like them. I don't know, but I'm kind of scared to at this point, kind of like with my Richard Layman faves. So at number five, we have The Return.   But with this one, it is so epic and large in scope, even though it's set, I believe, in just one town. So much stuff happens. But another problem with Bentley Little's work is you want to know the aftermath of all this stuff, and he usually doesn't talk about that. Next up is one that I actually own two copies of, two book club edition hardcovers, and that is The House. Now this is in terrible condition. It's an old library copy. I also have an old library copy of The Town, which isn't on this list. But this one is the one that's in better condition, and it is in terrible, terrible condition. There's writing and all them kinds of stuff in here, because it is a library book.  But what I remember most about this one, I had so much fun because of the doors and the traveling through the houses. I really appreciated that. Another thing that really, that bothers me now that used to bother me is most of his work just kind of blends together after a while. He has maybe a total of ten characters he uses. He's kind of like Dean Coons in that aspect, where he has about ten different characters, and those characters kind of cycle out through those, through the books. Sometimes, you know, his, his oddball character will be, you know, a friend of the main character or the main character. You usually have a family going down, not a family going down. Woo! A family aspect in the book. Usually, there's two kids, that kind of thing. Either that or you have a loner, which we'll get to that later. You have a person who's just off by themselves just having a, having a bad time of things. Next up, this one, I remember enjoying it simply because of the subtext of it, the store. The store. I'm going to put this stuff up here because I don't actually own this book anymore. Most of these books got damaged during a hurricane way back when I was, you know, younger in my, I think my teens, probably around, no, maybe it was 2000s. There was water damaged. I can't remember if it was Ivan or not, but I've had two different hurricanes destroy books. I had Hurricane Opal and then Ivan, and I can't exactly remember when these things happened, but I lost all my paperbacks in just random flooding. I had them in a box out in the garage, the garage flooded, and the same of the story. But with the store, I remember the Walmart comparisons. He never actually says Walmart, but you know in the book, this book is about Walmart. And then the actual villains, I remember that very clearly. And it's another one of those really fun stories that I've kind of grown out of. Again, if you guys enjoy this stuff, enjoy this stuff. But these are the ones that I remember the most, and I just don't like his work anymore. Next up, we have The Walking, which was a great concept. I have been tired of zombie fiction or mass, whatever things like 28 days later, and they're not zombies. I think they're what rage zombie or whatever in Cell, Stephen King Cell, they were phoners. I've been tired of that genre for a long time. I don't know that I ever really liked that genre, but this is one of the most unique mass, I don't even know what to call it, because I don't remember too much about the book. But I do remember getting into it and having a significant love for the main character because it was him and his father. And this guy was just your average every day Joe. And the funniest part is the thing that sticks in my mind the most is a line where the guy is bored and he just decides to go to bed, but he masturbates beforehand and Bentley Little writes, masturbated perfunctorily before he went to bed. And for some odd reason, that one line has stuck with me. So that's an odd aside. So yeah, hello demonetization. Anyways, last, but certainly not least, I have my number one pick, which is The Ignored. This book really spoke to me at this time in my life where I was more social and more active than I had ever been in my life. And I still felt like I wasn't being seen. And that aggravated me quite a bit. And this is probably a little bit more personal than you want to know. I always wanted some kind of celebrity at the, I'm talking about this point in my life that my when I first read the book, I always wanted some kind of celebrity. And I would go on to find a little modicum, my little corner of celebrity over here. And I hated every minute of it. Even to this day, I see the numbers rising on the, I see the numbers rising for the sub count here on YouTube. And it makes me cringe. I mean, we're almost at 4,000 subs. It drips off. It's not growing as fast as it was. Because I stopped putting the links at the end of videos. I stopped putting my videos up on social media, that kind of thing. If you guys are sharing them, it's fine. But it does make me feel weird because I don't want to return to that. And I, at this point in my life, if I were to reread the ignored, I would probably look over to that character and be like, he has the life. Whereas the first time I read this book, I looked over at that character and I thought he is just like me. So that's just personal experience with these works. And that's all these lists are. I'm sure many people will disagree with several things that I have said in this video. Please disagree down there in the comments section.  And I don't want to delete you. I want to have a conversation. But if I disagree with you too adamantly, I probably just won't comment. And your comment will be there for everyone else to read. But until next time, I have been Kenny, you've been you. This has been another Top 5 Friday. Kind of weird one too. I'll talk to you guys later. Bye bye!


Hey guys, so today I want to talk about how to get to a higher level in a language and I can only really talk in regards to say Esperanto because that's the language I'm most fluent in apart from English but the reason I'm bringing this up is because one of you guys commented in the previous video is about how do you like get to that high level when you're at an intermediary level especially in a language let's say like Esperanto or Latin or something where there is no like native country you can go travel to and you can go use it type of and that's an interesting question because I believe I've managed to get to that level but the amount of people who do get to that level is not like that big especially within the Esperanto community that's why you've got the whole phrase of the Atatane Comensanto you know the eternal beginners type thing and I'm just going to run you through today basically how I did it in a sense I'm going to need some books for this um the problem is I've just recently moved house if you haven't realized like I'm in a completely new location and my books are literally all packed up there so I'm going to like grab some books out now and then we will go through that why do books weigh so goddamn much okay that's the first time I'm grabbing my Esperanto books since I've moved here anyway we're going to pop open this massive ass box I've got right here you know I'm just going to lower this so you can see a little bit that did not help at all instead all it gave me was a hunchback so can I open this bad boy I don't know if anyone else is like me but I love collecting books especially in my target languages and then just not reading them I don't know why I just it's a really bad habit I should read them more anyway what I'm going to do is I'll show you what some of these books are because I think these like some of these books are there's like really good Esperanto books okay look see this this one here is like this is one of my favorites this is um this is about oh motto which is the Japanese religion where Esperanto plays a pretty good role within it and I find this book like it's just really nicely done like look at that paper man and then I got like a ton of other Esperanto books maybe I'll do like a um a what what's the a uh what would you call it it's like here's my book type of session anyway that's the thing in the future and I've got a random book of Mormon here uh okay so you know what this is probably a good one to do an example with okay my computer's starting up now but basically the way I would approach this if I want to do a study session using this book is I will jump into the book um possibly to a spot where I last left off I've actually done some of my study using this book already and what I'll do is I'll go to let's say I'll find a section so we've got International Edition of the um godly or heavenly like voice signal that would be like the signals of a path not signals that would be um right the English word is like it's it's escaped my head now it's four readers so now on the computer's on just give me a moment I'm just gonna log in okay so I've opened up the computer I've got my trusty notepad I've got my phone here with me because I've got an aspirant dictionary in here and I've got the book and this is literally how I study at a high level I'll just start reading so here's an example of let's say a sentence that I want to build out so we've got um it's talking about in 7 volumes so in 7 volumes automatically written by Fondantino de Omoto so she's the founder of Omoto containing the prophecies and the warnings about the destruction and reconstruction of the world but what I care about here is this use here because this here is actually linked up to here and volumoi and havante so it's in 7 volumes having the prophets uh the the prophecies so what I would do is I'll type out this entire sentence and then I'm going to wrap this part here inside a closed statement with an anki so we'll do that now okay so I've just typed out the sentence as you can see right here up on the screen now I'm going to go to my anki and I'm going to go into an Esperanto deck and I'm going to add this card in so basically all I'm doing is I'm copying this text I'm putting it right in there I might have to move this closer so I've put it in here and I'm going to grab this part and I'm just going to uh wrap it in that and I'm going to say just give myself a hint containing and that's it now you might be thinking well that's obvious that's like if you know the grammar of Esperanto you shouldn't really need to do that but the whole point here is that when I'm reading this card back I'm going to be like and set the volumoi blah blah blah and then I'm going to hit this closed statement and I don't even want to see the English like the English like at first I will need to look at the English to know what word should swap in there but after a while of doing this card a few times over my brain is going to automatically know what word should be just slotted in there and it's just going to say it and the whole benefit of that is that if you have thousands of these cards with like closed statements filling in specific pieces here and there and your brain just automatically knows what to fill without thinking about it in English at all what happens is then when you're in conversation actually speaking in the language you just start filling in the blanks without having to think about that specific thing and your brain knows what to choose because it's following a pattern so it's following a pattern of in seven of something or in a number of something and then you sidetrack which was done by blah or blah and then you want to go back to that thing which is containing rather than then going RQ and have us your brain's just going to know oh well I've seen this pattern before and Havante and it's just going to fill it in but it takes some practice of seeing these words filled in certain places and that's why when I speak Esperanto I can just randomly create quite complex sentences using these forms because I've practiced these over and over and over now here there's a few other ones like I know how to say that like in the moment I'd probably be like I could probably come up with it but it's not something I often say so I want to practice it a little bit so I'll just make a separate card just for that as well so I'm just going to go that one there I'm going to wrap that up and I'm going to say prophecies if I know how to spell prophecies oh god oh god how do I spell prophecies why would I not remember that let me just quickly check uh yeah there we go of course it's a ph sorry this often happens is when I operate in another language I suddenly forget the spelling of English because English spelling is just so I was going to use a bad word then but not good uh anyway that's basically how I go through this and I will do this for like 30 minutes I'll create a bunch of cards maybe 20 cards and these cards aren't even hard like these cards I will easily do the next day but it's not about the difficulty here for me it's just about training my brain to just know what to fill in in certain blanks in certain patterns or forms of sentences and that's how you get to a very high level of fluency because what is the difference between say an intermediate and a high level well I would say the difference is uh this the size of your vocab so how much words you obviously know you you chuck in like an extra thousand two thousand three thousand words um but you're not going to use the majority of those words but in those few occasions where you do use them that's where it the the high level versus the intermediate comes into play and the other thing is being able to use complex grammar forms and how do you practice those this is how and how do you know that this is a good sentence well this book has been edited and it's been edited by some really good uh well-known Esperanto speakers and it's an official publication so I don't have to worry about whether this is good Esperanto I'm putting in here or not especially at my level because I can just tell straight away um so yeah that's pretty much it uh if you've got any other questions about how to deal with high level stuff this is pretty much like the core of what I do at high level Esperanto like there's not much more uh the only other thing I would say is that helped me a lot was that I made hundreds like hundreds and hundreds of videos in Esperanto which forced me to practice speaking now I'm not proposing that you go out there and make hundreds and hundreds of videos in Esperanto although the Esperanto community will absolutely love you for it because they love videos um but that was the only other thing I did now obviously that contributed a lot to my speaking fluency but that I would say didn't necessarily so that would that helps a lot with speaking fluency but it does not help with expanding your abilities in the language now a lot of people will suggest that you just read a book you just sit there and use read a book read books read books and eventually you'll absorb the language I don't like that method mainly because there's no way of measuring it I like to be able to measure when I'm growing my language like by adding cards I can see that I've added a thousand cards over the last few months and I know all those so clearly I've grown in my ability anyway that's pretty much it I'll speak to you guys next time


So I appreciate you time after a match here with Fleetwood. Unfortunately that must be a hard one to take as for the vast majority of the game we've seen lead on everything we needed to win the game. Yeah, we should be studied talking about some terrific individual performances and three points but unfortunately I'm not. We didn't see the game through. We need more resilience about us, we need more steely determination about the team and we didn't get that to the final whistle. We got it for the majority of the game and it was a good performance but to only come away with a point is a big blow for us. Getting that second goal I suppose in fear at the time that crucial second goal for Christopher Root is to start the second half. It appeared to have got us that cushion that we needed to see the game out. Yeah, but you know we had a lot of chances. Hansen's had a great header. A great chance from a header to kill the game off but still at 2-0 we were comfortable and there was just that feeling that the job was done and as we know in football it's not done till the ref blows his whistle and it can be a cruel game and I'm sure there will be other teams around the country who the same fate has happened to but we've got ten games to go and we've got to make sure that we finish the season on a high because the reputations have been built in this season so far but they've quickly lost. I've seen players at clubs before in the last ten games of the season finish the season well and end up as a hero in the play of the year. I've also seen players who do great to the stage and do very little towards the end and the contribution in the early part of the season is almost forgotten and we've got to make sure that that doesn't happen to us as individuals or as a team. Because today that was a game worth the taking.


Welcome folks, we have the Dow Industries trading down $215, NASDAQ off $115, S&Ps off $36, Gold contract down $6, trading at $18.81, we have Silver down $0.18, $21.95 an ounce, Light Sweet Crew flat $83.34 a barrel, notes and bonds, a 10-year note, down 22 ticks, trading $107.07, on the 30-year, up almost two points at $1115 and $Kingdoll, check it out man, $Kingdoll is up 773 ticks, $106.93, the year was at $105, the end is at $149, the British pound was at $121 to $1 U.S. dollar, now we're going to get over and take a look at the dollar first because, you know, bottom line, the correlation is so direct, this was the first time that we were down five days in a row on the dollar, and what does it do? We had broke the channel line, right? And you know, the ultimate Budroff deal is that you come back up to the channel line, you're going to test it. Well, guess what? This thing kind of blew right through the channel line again, meaning it's in the upper range. So that's what this market's all about right now in a monster way. We're going to take a look at the S&P, now this gets kind of interesting, okay, because you are pulling back, it's a fast pullback, but you don't have juice behind this pullback right now. You take a look at the spy, you're back 60 points, I mean you're back $3, trading out at the 433.17, now 433.01, let me show you this, because that's what happened yesterday out here, there you go. So it's 433.01 that gets you in the lower range. We went to 433.23, and right now you're at 433.20. So it's messing around with it, but you're not in the lower range, and so what you all also have is you only have 60 million chairs versus 90 million, so you're going to need more volume to get to a lower price. We take a look at the Q's, the Q's bottom line, that only got under that swing point once. The Q's bottom line trading down at buck 97, it's almost a sideways market out here, you hit 373 on the high, 367 on the low. You go to the note and bond market, okay, so the note and bond market, you've got to pull them back, but right now the 10-year note, you're coming back with 1.9 million, but you're coming into 1.5, I mean 2.5, so this is going to get really intriguing, volatility is here in space, no doubt. Market didn't like the PPI number come out, but you can see that the bottom line, you're coming into 2.5, a million contracts at 107.08, and that's exactly where we are right now is 107.08. There it is folks, I'm right back.


Hey, what's up guys welcome to the trending reviews. So here I have the new Honor 10 by Huawei I'm gonna give you a quick unboxing and go over some of the top features of this phone So let's take a look straight into it Okay, let's have a look what we have in the box. So we have the Honor 10 here. It's in its wrapping I've got the mirage blue color. We also have the SIM card tray opener Inside that packet you have the user guide and the warranty guide Now one thing I really like with phones is when they come with a clear case So that solves one problem straight away most people buy a clear case anyway You also have the plug and the charging cable that comes in the box. No headphones in this situation Now like I mentioned I have the blue color on a 10. It comes in four different color variations phantom blue Which is the one I have phantom green midnight black and a glacier gray. It looks pretty sleek It's got a nice reflection gradient to it, especially in daylight on the right hand side You have the power button and the volume buttons On the left hand side you have the SIM card tray opener just at the top and there's no other buttons on the phone At the bottom you have the headphone jack the USB type-c charger and the speakers So the fingerprint scanner is on the front. You can see it's pretty much instant I do like the fact that you can unlock from the front very easily It's not very often you see phones with fingerprint scanners on the front nowadays mostly on the back But nonetheless, it does a great job face unlock. It's pretty instant as well takes about half a second possibly less to unlock As you can see here now the phone does have a notch with 80 percent screen ratio on the display But you have the option to turn the notch off from the settings as with most other notch enabled phones The phone runs on Android 8.1 Oreo. It has a silicon Kirin 970 processor same as its predecessor It comes with 4 gigabytes of RAM and 128 gigabytes of non expandable storage It has a dual camera on the back with a 16 megapixel and a 24 megapixel lens with 1.8 aperture and shoots video up to 4k only at 30 frames per second It has an impressive 3400 milliamp hour battery with 25 minutes fast charging giving you an additional 50 percent of battery life It retails at an incredible 399 pounds. There you have it guys make sure you subscribe for a full in-depth review of the Honor 10 coming soon


Hello, my name is Alexandre Mahmoud from the Galaxy team at Johns Hopkins University, and today I will be talking about the new way of deploying Galaxy interactive tools with the Kubernetes runner. For those who might be unfamiliar, Galaxy interactive tools, or ITs for short, are tools wrapped for Galaxy like any other but meant to have a UI exposed during runtime with which the user is meant to interact for their analysis. ITs have been around for many months. They are the modern evolution of interactive environments. However, their current best practice deployment method requires a reverse proxy. The Galaxy HelmChart is a package for deploying a scalable, production-grade Galaxy on Kubernetes. A major focus of this effort has been to enable interactive tools by default for the HelmChart and subsequently all the stacks using it. In order to achieve that, the implementation was done in Galaxy's backend, specifically in the Kubernetes runner, which is the current default runner for Galaxy on Kubernetes. By deploying an ingress and service resource alongside each job, ITs can be exposed without the need for a reverse proxy, a feature that is now available as of Galaxy 2105. Finally, Cloudman Boot is an Ansible Playbook that bootstaps the Genomics Virtual Lab or GVL stack on virtual machines. In this context, the Playbook can be particularly useful for going from a set of IPs representing nodes to a Kubernetes cluster with all the prerequisites that are on Galaxy alongside interactive tools. In particular, for the Kubernetes runner to deploy ITs in a cluster, the minimal requirement is an ingress controller. Managed clusters generally come with a built-in ingress controller, and any cluster running a web app needs one to consume the Kubernetes ingress resource. In our case, we use the Nginx controller, but the IT's implementation is controller agnostic in principle. Additionally, in order to get valid certificates for HTTPS connections, we use CertManager, the recommended operator for managing certificates in Kubernetes. In line with the previously recommended method using the reverse proxy, a single certificate can be issued for a wildcard subdomain with certain credentials. But the new implementation also supports shortened subdomains allowing CertManager to issue individual Let's Encrypt certificates per IT without any setup from the administrator. Now for a quick demo, I'm going to deploy a Jupyter Notebook interactive tool on a Kubernetes development Galaxy server. The interactive tools section can be found in the tool panel, and ITs have the classic Galaxy form just like any other tool. When run, this tool will however have a link for its exposed UI. One thing to note is that the implementation is not yet smart enough to wait for the certificates to be properly issued and validated before exposing the ingress. Therefore, if you haven't waited enough time, you might still be hit with the insecure connection warning. In this case, you should just wait a bit longer for the certificate handshake to happen after which you will be able to access and use your interactive tools UI with a secure connection. This should only take a minute or two. As you just saw in the demonstration, the user experience and user interface surrounding ITs has not changed, even when using the Kubernetes implementation. This was purposeful to keep this method as a new deployment mechanism on the back end but stay in sync with future IT work in Galaxy. So while the user still sees the same interface, things are quite different in the back. When an IT is launched, the Kubernetes runner deploys a corresponding Kubernetes job resource just like is the case for any job. Additionally, however, a Kubernetes service resource is also created to expose this job when it's an IT. This resource selects the job pod based on the unique job ID annotation rather than specific pod name, making the connection less error prone, for example in the case of a transient error where the job pod might need to be redeployed. Moreover, this method opens the potential door for high availability ITs where multiple pods could be launched for a single tool run and given proper readiness checks, the selector would be able to route requests to the better replica at that time. Finally, an ingress resource is also created. The ingress exposes the service's selected pods at the desired path and defines certificate requests in the manifest's annotations, subsequently consumed by a cert manager. With these three resources, the interactive tool is running in the pod and that pod is now exposed to the user with a secure connection. Now to delve into the how do I set this up for myself question, the configuration is rather simple and only requires changes in two files. Notably, in galaxy.yml, a few interactive tool configurations are present. These are documented in the galaxy configuration docs and will have sensible defaults inheriting from other values in the galaxy home chart. Moreover, in the jobconf.yml file under the Kubernetes runner section, one can specify whether or not to use a secure connection and what annotations to add to the ingress for that connection. Similarly to the other configurations, sensible default values have been added to the galaxy home chart, inheriting from the annotations specified for galaxy's main ingress. And that should be all. In short, with the galaxy home chart, no changes should be needed to run galaxy ITs on Kubernetes and in general, with the reverse proxy eliminated, the configuration is minimal as existing Kubernetes features can be used to expose interactive tools when running galaxy on Kubernetes. However, this implementation is not without its limitations. Unaudible limitation, on which we are currently focusing, relates to file permissions when interactive tool containers expect arbitrary users or expect to run as root. As such, while this feature is already available on 2105, it is likely not ready for wide production use quite yet without vetting individual interactive tools first. Thank you for listening and feel free to find me on Remo, Gitter or email me for any questions or for help setting this up for yourself.


This is a moderately complicated plot that comes from the IPCC and we're going to look at a few things here. This is not much CO2 in the future relative to what's possible, and so you see how much warming might occur for the global average out to 2020 to 29 that decade and how much warming might occur out to 2090 to 2099 in degrees Celsius, which are listed along the bottom here. And then these maps correspond here on the right to the the warming from 2020 to 2099, the average of that decade and what you expect late in the century that we're in now for this low emissions. And then here's the same thing for somewhat higher emissions of CO2, more warming. And here's one where we really keep burning like crazy. I'm just going to walk you through that when all of them show about the same thing, but we'll start down there. First thing to notice is that these are how much warming is possible by late in the century here, and they show probabilities. The highest point is the most likely and then there's a slight chance of having low values like this or low values like this. What I hope you notice is that the warming could be a little bit less or it could be a little bit more, very, very unlikely to be a lot less, but it is possible to be a lot more. And so there's a there's a lopsidedness in this. And if the scientists are wrong about what's most likely, then it's more likely that we'll get more warming, more likely, more warming than what people have been telling you. Okay, that's important. First, second thing. The average warming here is just over three degrees Celsius, which is sort of this color, which is what you get out here in the ocean. Most of the world is ocean. The global average is not what happens on land where we live. It's what happens primarily in the ocean. What you will notice is that all of the colors over here tend to be darker in red colors than what's in the ocean when you go up on land. Almost everyone on the planet gets above average warming because the land warms more than the ocean and almost everyone lives on the land rather than in the ocean. So when people tell you the global average warming they expect, in some sense that's very optimistic because it's the low end of what's possible and it's mostly telling you what's happening where people don't live rather than where people do live.


And this clicks so when I work is a little bit more serious I mean that's actually a company and it's helping to manage part-time workers that schedules well plain vanilla is a real company too believe me I know but but this clicks which is goes on the name when I work is a very interesting SAS company out in Minneapolis which deals with people who of which there are thousands and millions across the country that are part-time workers and the problem of scheduling those people and finding fill-ins when people can't make it and then of course paying them because their payment changes based on the number of hours they work this young company out in Minneapolis has really gotten a lock on that field and is doing very very well still private still private all right Alan thank you so much for the time love having you with me Alan Patrick off joining me there