For me it is neither possible nor practicable to exclude all animal foods, so hence I have to eat five steaks per day. I am vegan. Alright guys, welcome back to the channel. If you're new, my name is Bobby Geiss. Today we're gonna check out ABC Action News in depth with their video, why black Americans are the fastest growing vegan demographic in the country. Can't wait, let's have a look. Well if one of your New Year's resolutions is to improve your health, a mostly plant-based diet including grains, vegetables and fruits can be the ticket to improving your overall health. Do you hear yourself? If you want to improve your health, eat grains. When I became a vegetarian, there weren't as many options as there were now.  According to a Pew Research Center survey, 8% of African Americans identify as vegan or vegetarian. I identify as vegan as well. Because if we check out the definition it reads, veganism is a philosophy and way of life which seeks to exclude as far as is possible and practicable all forms of exploitation of and cruelty to animals for food etc etc you name it. I did just that. For me it is neither possible nor practicable to exclude all animal foods so hence I have to eat 5 steaks per day. I am vegan. 3% of the general population, many people of color say they switch to a plant-based diet for the environment, animal rights and their health. So I took the golden rule, treat everybody how you want to be treated and that goes to animals, bugs, humans. It's so hilarious to me that he talks about bugs. First and foremost you will eat the bugs. There is what the plant-based agenda is truly about.  You do understand that there is such a thing called pesticides.   And most doctors agree a plant-based lifestyle can improve our health. So that's why many people are veganizing the foods they grew up on and love. From the mac and cheese and the collard greens to the gyros which led to this food truck. Sure replacing real meat with soy and plant oils will do the job. Levi Topari is the owner of the Good Life food truck in St. Petersburg. The business open, look at them and they all have guts. Spend a little more than a year with the goal to veganize familiar foods. Why do you think more people of color are switching over to a plant-based diet? I think people realize that it's in the food we eat plays a role in our health. So what do we have right here? I'm excited. So that is a quarter pound filet of the lime-made mushroom with vegan bacon, tomatoes and red onions. And because there is no meat on it, this is why it is healthy. Dude, you're eating a bunch of gluten fried in seed oil and garnished with sugar and more plant oils. Healthy in tomatoes and red onions. Yeah, so that's the lime-made mushroom, man. Meanwhile, across the bay in Tampa, Nikolami is the owner of the vegan halal cart with an all-vegan menu of gyros, wraps and shawarmas. He tells me about 40 to 60% of his clients are people of color. It's definitely growing in terms of people of color who want to participate more in a plant-based diet. Wouldn't that depend on demographics? He switched over to a plant-based diet four years ago to improve his health. And the doctor told me I could never forget my doctor. He was like, you look like a Lamborghini with bad parts in it. And that changed my life. As a physician, why do you advocate for a plant-based diet? And what's the connection between what we eat and our overall health? It has nothing to do with our genes. It has to do with the way we treat our genes. So that if the African-Americans or Latinos, you know, are associated with... Why is everything about race in America nowadays? Everything, man. It's really not because we were made that way. All right, now I get it. Only the blacks and the Latinos are still in the original state of Garden Eden and hence eat plants.  I get it now. We made ourselves that way. In fact, the Journal of the American Heart Association conducted a study over the span of 32 years. They found that those who had a mostly plant-based diet were 52% less likely to develop heart issues. Less likely. One of the main reasons for the growing trend in black Americans adopting a plant-based diet is social media. You want to learn how to make a vegan fish sandwich? You can't make this up, man. The chunky vegan. You really believe this will heal your heart. Oh, my mom. I got you. Wow. Shaw Durant has a...  The chunky vegan, where he teaches viewers how to veganize their favorite foods at home with a baby spoon. Scoop it in. What is that about? What inspired that? Crinch. Honestly, when it first came about, it was no inspiration. It was just like, yo, I got three pots going at the same time. Let me just hurry up and grab something to stir, stir, burp, burp real quick. Then it just turned into a symbol of... The symbol of you can do anything you put your mind to. You don't need the proper tools because what is the proper tools if that makes sense? And that's the message many people in color who advocate for a plant-based diet want to spread. You don't have to give up cultural foods that you grew up with because there's almost always a way to veganize it and make it healthier. In Tampa, I'm in depth reporter Anthony Hill, ABC Action News. No man, you just made it worse. The only nutrition that was left in that gunk was the meat, was the cheese. You removed all that and replaced it with mushrooms. You still went through the same process of deep-frying the whole thing. So it is and always will be junk food. Just because you grew up with that food doesn't make it healthy. You have that assumption about the meat, but you don't ask any questions about this junk. This is what truly kills you. Refined plant oils first and foremost. Then the anti-nutrients found in plants. The sticky proteins, gluten being one of them. This is what destroys your health. The only health improvement that vegans see is when they ditch all the junk food and eat only whole food plant-based for a while. This is when the body sees relief. But once they start suffering because of the malnutrition, they reintroduce all the fatty, greasy vegan foods and this is when they run into health complications. In the end, it is never sustainable because it is not your species-specific diet. Alright guys, this is it for today's video. If you liked it, leave it a thumbs up. If you haven't subscribed already, guys, please do so. And if you want to support this channel, all the links are in the description box below. Thank you so much. As always, may God bless you all, much love and peace.


Hey everyone, welcome to Alchemy Stars. So this is just a discussion of what I have read comments everywhere about both of these banners. Most are not pulling for them. I really understand that you guys are preparing for the anniversary event which is happening probably a month from now or less even. So I really understand what is the reason why I'm not pulling for these banners and also the other reason is how risky their kits are because of the sanity system. But I will tell you guys right now the upside of using them is big versus the downside in terms of risk. I already was able to play TeslaNorm. I'm going to showcase her in a different video on how to use her, what is her damage, how big is it and all those things. Also Giles or Giles, I'm going to showcase everything here and also I'm going to be showcasing bringing them both in a team. So I'm going to go over the sanity system for those who you know for those who do not or are not familiar with the sanity system. MaxSanity is a 100. So when either of them or both Giles and Lenore are in a team, either both or either one of them, there is a sanity system. So when a sanity is 0, 1% of the teams HP will be substituted by a sanity point. So at 100 they're calm, they are still sane. Okay, when somebody pisses them off at 99 to 80, ally units receive one stack of poison at the start of each round. Okay, so hear me out, team defense drops by, drops by 10%, not drops to 10%. Okay, it drops, your total drops by 10%. So less 10%, not the 10%. So that's now how it is. Okay, so at 79 to 50, if somebody pisses them off more, all enemy units are subject to the above. So this is the only plus side to the sanity system because all enemies do get the stack of poison and their defense also drops by 10%. Okay, so that is the upside. At 49 to 20, a mirage appears randomly at the start of each round. Mostly the mirage is usually just a nuisance. Small damages, not really big damage to you. They can be ignored, but not ignored for long. At 19 to 1, when they're so pissed off that they want to punch you already, ally units gain four more stacks of poison at the start of each round. Healing effects reduce to 20%. But this is where it gets really, really, really iffy and you should have a counter to this one. So we'll discuss that further and I'm not going to discuss it here, I'm just going to discuss why I summoned for them.  So this is where it goes to only 10%. Okay, so this is the sanity system. The risk involved in using this with them for me is about, if you want to weigh, you know, 10%, this is roughly around, I'm going to be generous with my estimate, a 70 to 80% risk. Okay, no, no, no, not the other way. It's a 30 to 40, sorry, it's a 20 to 30% risk. So because it is more or less also balanced by the reward. So the risk is small at between 20 to 30% because the rewards are also good. Again, the kit, I won't be explaining their kit, I'll be explaining them in my analysis for each of them and my showcase for each of them. But that is just my opinion. So you might have a different opinion. Please put them down in the comment section below. If you think that 20 to 30 is small, what you think is the risk that you're taking by, you know, by taking them because again, I really already have a team in mind on how to construct them. It's just that they have to be more or less at ascension three and also at level 80 to test out. Okay, so this is the sanity system. I just want to show you guys Giles or Giles, because I already announced this that I got him. I didn't put out a summoned video for him because I got him in 10 single pulls, not one 10 pull, 10 single pulls, him being the last 10 pull. So this is just my luck that I really, really, you know, high on luck with during the time that I got him. And I'm not really, not really disappointed why I got him. It was at the back of my mind, the first time I got Lenore, I told myself, what if I paired the both of them? I need Giles in that team. I'm really excited for that one. That is why I summoned for Giles as well. Okay, so I really like the challenge of building around the both of them. It's really, it takes me back to the days where I was playing Magic the Gathering and I had to play with weird cards that doesn't seem to fit. But eventually, if somebody makes a deck out of them, they would be very popular. So I'm building on that premise wherein I think they are hidden gems that we don't realize yet now, but eventually we will. So that is why I'm really, really pushing for them. Also, I'd like to challenge the meta. If right now the meta is really established already after nearly a year, I'd like to challenge the meta with the both of them, with using the both of them. Okay. And also, I'd like to share the prototypes with you guys as well. So if I've had a team, made them work, I'd like to share it with you and probably you could appreciate it as well and use it. Okay, so I mentioned already that there's potential in bringing both of them in one team. So more or less, they're going to be ridiculous based on what I'm seeing from both of their kits. You can use them both in one team. They're going to use the same sanity system. And to really enhance their potential, you should lower down their sanity to zero more or less. Okay. So also, they're playable at one copy. Like for example, for Lenore, you don't need a preemptive strike. Both of them are preemptive strike for Lenore. Her active skill is a cooldown of one for for Giles, it's going to be zero.  My view of Lenore is she can rival Yao and Arya for damage. I've seen the damage that level 56 Arya can do versus my sorry, level 56 Lenore can do versus Arya and it's going to be, you know, nearly there nearly nearly there. I'll you know, I'll showcase that in a different video so that we could really talk about Lenore on really how to maximize her. So again, potential is also big for Lenore. Again, she can rival Yao and Arya. I'm just going to show you guys me Arya. She's already maxed out. So equipment is maxed out here and the breakthrough is also maxed out. So I've seen the result of the damage output and I think it's promising for Lenore for Mr. Giles or Giles or is he for this guy? I think he's the best sniper around for fire. Fire badly needed a sniper and we got him and he's bunkers. Both of them are not, I'm not saying both of them are OP. They are very good, not OP, but at this point they are going to be either good or very good. So Giles or Giles is actually better, has more potential than Lenore in terms of building either one of them or both of them. So if you're asking me who you want to prioritize, if you're still thinking of pulling for both of them, I think Giles is going to be the way to go when if you really are choosing between Giles and Lenore. Okay, so for those of you guys who have pulled from either of them, I think you made the right decision. Right now, right now. Moving forward, hopefully they add to the sanity mechanic and add more aurorians to this. I enjoy working, building a team around them and going to build a team around them. So again, for those who have comments, put them down in the comment section below whether you'd agree with me or disagree with me in terms of how big of a potential they are and how, you know, how they will change probably some of the meta. Who knows? So put it down in the comment section below, agree or disagree. Honestly, I'm not worried about the anniversary. So if there are an event, there's an event and then a new unit, very good. I'll cross the bridge when I get there. At this point, I'm not really worried. Cross the bridge, then we'll see what happens during the anniversary. I don't want to regret, you know, because when you're there in the anniversary ready, you might regret not pulling for this. Otherwise, for this one, when you're at the anniversary, when you pulled already, you can still remedy the anniversary. Obviously, if you want to pull first, you know, for a unit there, you have to spend. If you don't have any savings like me, my Lumamber is 434 and I am really suffering from, you know, from all of the pulls. But I am happy that I pulled for the both of them. Okay, so that is it. Again, guys, let's discuss, put them down, all your comments, all your questions. Let's do this. And for those who are here, please do consider subscribing to my channel because this helps me a lot. And always for those who have supported me, thank you very much. I'm at 4100. For those who are, you know, for those who are playing alchemy stars, I know I'm new to this game, but I will give you a different perspective aside from the meta. That is what I'll give you from my channel. So thank you very much, guys. Take care. Stay safe. This is The Warden and I'm out of here.


Good morning. Can we start? Yeah, I am Professor Dinesh Sharma. I am in SGM School of Management in IIT Bombay. I teach marketing. It is great to be here with you. I will be discussing some of the key concepts of marketing. Most of you might be knowing some concepts, but it might refresh in your minds or we can discuss the implications and further we can discuss the implications of these concepts. Now, before I start, I like to understand what marketing issues you face in your business. So, that will help me in pinpointing certain concepts, focusing on more on some concepts and just not discussing some others. So, can some of you start with what issues you might face in your businesses? I will just write down and compile all these issues and then it will help me in focusing on few concepts. Yeah, prospecting, okay. Visibility of product service, understanding the customer requirements, demand estimation. Okay, great. How to understand the legal terms and condition for marketing or whatever legal issues that we will be facing when we market the product? Finding market for your products, approaching the market. Yeah. Marketing of new products which may be similar in existing market, customer education basically. What I would like to know is how to understand a fragmented market? So, if I understand you want to estimate the demand in a fragmented market? In a fragmented market. And how do you market in that basically? Exactly. What do you mean a fragmented market? Fragmented, I mean when there are lot many small players involved and no recognized very little or less recognized brands involved in it. Marketing plan. Positioning for a new product to be launched into the market. How much to spend it? Yeah, how much to spend? Where to spend? How to grow existing product in existing market or new product in existing market. Good. I will try to focus on few. I may not focus on few, but I will try to find some solution for it. I will just start with some of the basics. What do you understand by marketing and what are the basic concepts in marketing? We will come back to these issues after a session and see how many issues could be solved by what we have. I will start with what are the core concepts in marketing and I will focus on the concept of customer value. What do you understand by marketing? Is it same as selling or advertisement or promotion? Any ideas on this? What is marketing? Process of selling your products. Understanding the requirements of the customer and proposing a solution which adds value to the customer's point and creates wealth in return to yourself. Yeah, operationally these are all the functions of a marketing department or marketing function what you say. I will just focus on the process of marketing. Marketing is a function in an organization. Marketing is a process. Yes, very true. Marketing is also an orientation which I will focus on here or mindset. I will start with the definition of marketing which you might have read. This is very recent definition by American Marketing Association. It does not helps much in solving your problem but it just a good starting point actually. Marketing is an organizational function and a set of process for creating, communicating and delivering value to the customers. It is not talking of products or services and for managing the customer relationships in a way that benefit the organization and stakeholders. So it encompasses, it is a social process. It is a exchange process wherein you create, communicate and deliver value. Value is the abstract form of the tangible products or services you deliver. So what can be marketing is of anything of value to the customers. It can be a product, good, tangible, good, service, idea, experience. It can be a person. It can be a place, anything. Anything of some value. Marketing orientation or marketing concept is one of the concepts with which a firm works. There are many other concepts. One of the very old concept is a production concept. There is a story of Ford Motors. You know the story of Ford Motors? Ford was, you know, first time the assembly line started with the Ford Motors and the owner said that I want to make car as long as it is black. He wanted everybody to have a car. His concept was a production concept. Make things cheap, widely available so that everybody can buy it. Focus on your production efficiencies. Mindset is produced cheap, not poor quality but decent quality, affordable, widely available, high volume, typical assembly line concept. So one of the concept with which any business works assumes that consumers favour those products which are widely available and low cost. Second concept is product concept which assumes that consumer will favour the product that offer most quality, best quality products, performance and features. There are many firms which work on this concept and sell products based upon this. They try to give innovative features, best quality. This is the predominant concept with which any business works, selling concept. A concept which assumes that customer will not buy unless you pushed up your product to it. Organization has to stimulate and substantiate the effort for the purchase. So whatever you produce, you have to sell that and it is a prerogative of your marketing department or sales department to sell the product. So you can promote, you can advertise but sell the product. Traditionally all the insurance products promoted by the LIC were with this concept only. Not MBA products but insurance products are not only insurance products. I mean many products, you know. In India almost everything was with sales concept earlier. So whatever you produce, you push and sell. Many things, you forget ration products and others. But typically insurance policies, they thought that agent has to push their policies to sell. So unless you convince a customer that you have to buy this, nobody will buy insurance policy. Things have changed. We will discuss how. Then force is marketing concept which says you focus on the needs and wants of the target customer and make profit. Deliver the desired satisfactions effectively and efficiently than competitors. Then focus on needs and wants. It is not that marketers do not produce efficiently. Marketers do not have a sales force or marketers do not focus on product quality. But the actual focus is somewhere else. Probably needs and wants of the target consumer customer. Can we differentiate between all these concepts? Is it easy to differentiate? It is not that you do not produce again, I repeat. You produce efficiently low cost cheap products. You may produce products with highest quality. You may have a very efficient sales force. But where is the focus? Focus is on needs and wants of the target consumer. Can I say it is up to the main concept, fund up main, main, main, main, money, authority and needs? You can paraphrase in many words. That is up to you. It is, how do you say authority? What is the person who needs? Okay. Simple way is to see needs and wants of the customer and you sell to the product. So you do not focus on just cheaper products, just highest quality products. See what are the wants of the, can you differentiate between need and want? If I do not have a cloth, it is not in my need.  Okay. Anything else? I do not need. Any way I have to purchase the cloth if I do not have. Okay.  If I have the money, I will purchase it. If I do not have the money, I will not purchase it. It is my just a g, g bills that I need, that need is a customer requirement, like need is food, want is idly or McDonald's. Okay. Yeah. We can actually discuss this at length on this, but I will cut short because many of you know this. Needs, see these words are very common words and very frequently used and subject to many interpretations. In marketing, we say needs are very basic to any human being and every customer has similar needs, but wants are specific to certain segments. Needs can be need for security. Want can be something else. Needs are basic to every human being and they are common. Wants are specific to certain segments of the customer. For example, simple is you are hungry and you need food, but want is you need a particular type of food. That is very basic level. The idea is to identify what is the need of the customer. Why? Want will vary from customer to customer. The problem is we focus on only wants and not on need. What need cosmetics satisfy for women? What is the need for cosmetics? Looking good. Looking good. Seeking appreciation. What else? Security, assessing the environment. Influencing the environment. Controlling.  What do you sell? They said we sell hope. That is all. We do not sell cosmetics, we sell hope. So hope summarizes everything sometimes. Just filter down to the lowest form of need of a customer. Like washing machine you want. What purpose washing machine serves? Cleans the clothes? Now why? Why you want this? Just go back to the basics. You want what? Hygiene? Again why you want hygiene? You want security. So probably need for security for something is your basic need. But you want a washing machine for that. So you climb a ladder of needs and wants. So when you sell a product, just find out which category of need it falls into and which category of wants it falls into. Then you will understand who are the competitors of the product because competition comes in a similar want and need category. For example you want, there is a need for security. There is a need for financial security. First level is security, second is financial security. What you want for that? Some people will like to invest in stock market. Some people will like to invest in FDs. Some people will like to invest in real estate. Some people will like to invest. But what is the basic need? Basic need is security and financial security. So mutual funds have a competition with so many products. So we have to see, we have to filter down to the basic need and want category and that makes our mind clear of what market we are serving. Need and want defines the market. It is very easy to discuss. Like he said, it is very easy to discuss and conceptualize and you know even derive fun in discussing the big marketing products. But it is easy to understand also like Coca-Cola and Pepsi. They are the competitors which need category they satisfy, which want category they satisfy. So Coca-Cola drinks satisfy which need and want. Thirst, you agree? I do not agree with this. Coca-Cola satisfy which market, which need, which want. Thirst? I think the perception could be different based on which market you are addressing on this. Yeah, see that is what I am asking you know. How do you define the market for a Coca-Cola? Is it a beverage market? So there is lot of confusion in this and clarity, people lack clarity in this. This, they are in every market actually. At one level they are competing with Pepsi for carbonated drink market. Some people say and say Coca-Cola say I have 50% market share. So which market he is referring to? Carbonated drink market. But like he said, he is a beverage market. When I talk of beverage market, who are the competitors? Then you are talking of thirst as a need and then the competitors are probably Nimu Pani and Lassi and others also. But how do Coca-Cola sees themselves as operating in the market? They say we serve a fun drink market. It is not thirst. So when I say they are satisfying the need for fun, it is they are going out of the realm of the thirst need. That is a fun drink. So your assessment of need for, want for Coca-Cola is different. So in this way just think what need and want category your product is satisfying or you want it to satisfy? I have a product, the only differentiating factor or perhaps the more alternate product. Any other thing in the market is, it is ease of use. It is a differentiator. I know that is a differentiator. But how would it, when I am looking at wants and needs, am I satisfying the need of the customer to actually do it easily? Easily doing, is it a need or is it not a need? I just want that clarity. Why not? Doing it easily, doing it efficiently. Again see why efficiently? Why easily? What need it satisfy? No. Just again ask why? Just ask why and then you understand whether he will buy this product for that need or not. Coca-Cola is not only serving. See of course thirst is there. There is no doubt about it. But beyond thirst, the need is some fun. And that is a predominant need. A want or what, a want time turned into a need for Coca-Cola and Pepsi's in the developed markets or even in the Indian market in the last 10 years I would say. I will not say. Again I will see. It is all play, it is all play of words. Let us not play with words. I will say needs are very basic to human beings or business. When I say human beings, I also mean business which you run in. For the industrial, what is the need of an office? Become more efficient, paper less. So these are the need. Now I will ask why. So rather than, you can say that, but I will say let us filter down to the need is very basic. I think there is some confusion when you said the word basic. In the master's hierarchy, the food, shelter and clothing is basic and there are other basic needs also like show social security. And a steam need. Yeah. Whole hierarchy. All our needs, even self-actualization is a need. So we can have, create products in any of these levels of need. Yeah. The problem, you know why we face problem? We face problem when we, you know, categorize the product in a different need category. And think, then you know the question why it is not selling? Because we are selling to a different market actually. We are not trying to address the need. It actually serves. So asking question why, so I am going other way round. Let us go other way round. One way is find the need and make a product. The other way round is what need category or want category this existing product is serving? It can be both ways. From product to need, from need to product. You can do both ways and just try to see which product is serving or what your product is serving, which need of the customer. And are you able to communicate that? Are you able to communicate that? And a person will only buy if that product solves that need or want and add some value to its solution, add some value. If I am thirsty, if some water quenches or some carbonate you want to quench is my thirst, some value it adds to my basic needs. So marketing stresses on understanding the needs and wants again not for everybody but target customer. We will see what is, what I mean by target customer. There is a process of identifying a target customer. So you can go both ways, need to a product or product to need and try to identify what is the ladder, what is the ladder. Asking question why, why, why will lead with a basic needs category. Is video conferencing a competitor to aircraft industry? They are two different product categories but video conferencing is proving to be biggest threat to aircraft industry. So because they are addressing similar needs of the customer. The need category is similar, product categories might be different. So you have to filter down the first thing. So marketer does this. That is why they stress on need and wants of the customer. X software competing with Y application, do Microsoft word compete with typewriters? Just think. So it is ultimate, so from software you, for example many of your software in software industry. So what need and want of your customer it actually satisfies. Because of business to business, it might be a solution. Then is that solution valuable? For example a customer will prefer a solution as valuable if it makes his operations more efficient with a lower investment. Plus quality, plus reliability, plus servicing X, Y, Z. So is it actually adding some value to its needs and wants, to wants not needs. Needs are there, he has needs. So there are needs of human being, there are needs of businesses. So filtering down to very basic level, asking question why, why, why and if you stop somewhere, it means you have reached the ultimate. So it makes, for example you ask your software makes a business efficient, do not stop. Why efficient? How? Then again go. So you will reach to the basic. Then you can build on later on and that gives you ideas for promotion, pricing and everything. So marketers make product cheap, marketers make product widely available. But the focus is different. So all these concepts, production, product selling and marketing, marketing focuses on need and wants and values. When the product or organization goes to business, can we say that it is passing through all these concepts, starting with maybe marketing concept, developing it on a product, superior product, then pushing it to reduce prices over a period of time, moving into the production and then whatever you have produced, you are getting into selling. Is it possible that in an organization, you have products at different platforms or running with a different premises at the same time? Yes, it is possible and there are many companies who are working on different concepts. Because an organization has to dedicate itself to a concept or it keeps moving through the different concepts depending on the life cycle of the product and life cycle of the organization as well. See no, just these concepts already exist in your mind. These are mind sets. I am not saying you do not sell your product, you do not push some of the range of your products for selling. I am not saying you do not produce cheap or you do not work on the quality and features of some products. You can, but the major focus is need and want. You do all these things. These are just concepts. This is not a transitionary thing that organization moves into, but it is a mindset that it will lead the organization. Yes, yes. Finally it will lead. For example, if you are with production concept, your main focus will be only on production. Like Ford, for example, Ford Motors, for years they kept on making only black car, the Model T car and it was wildly successful. They made lot of money, but what happened finally? What happened to Model T 800? Finally came General Motors who produced cars of different sizes, different power, different colors and they overtook the Ford. It is not that General Motors did not focus on a good quality, did not focus on producing cheap or did not focus on, but they focus on, they thought they, you know, focus on needs and want.  Not everybody wants a car of same horsepower. People have different applications and people want cars for different applications. So General Motors was more of marketing concept. They saw that there are many segments of customers which do not want the existing car. Would these be concepts? As a mindset, would those be, these be like 24 carat, marketing concept or 24 carat, like 100% selling concept or would it be a blend of it depending on the style of working? It is predominant. It can never be total. It is predominant. For example, for one range of product, you think, you have made a product. Again needs can be latent. Right? For example, you think the existing set of customers have this need, but you have to, they are latent. So you probably focus on pushing your salesperson highlighting that need to him. Eucophobes sold so many vacuum cleaners, you know. Have you seen the process of selling direct marketing? They will come to your home and they will sell the product. How they will sell? For vacuum cleaner, the typical process was they will go to a home, ask for a dirty carpet. They clean the carpet. They will show the dust. They will again pour the dust on the carpet and then clean again. Then they will say, what are you doing? And they will again clean. They will show that this is the dirt. I am again throwing in the carpet and then again clean the carpet. And that was such a great impact on the customer. So lead was latent, latent actually. So Eucophobes used more of a selling concept. They knew that there is a need for hygiene or need for cleanliness of customer, but it is not so apparent. Focus was marketing, tool they used was selling. When it is a latent need, you took a right example in terms of Eureka Phobes. For companies to identify latent needs, a demo of a product, the experience after the demo is that a good approach always. Because it is a demo of the product, Eureka Phobes, which actually showed the customer the value. After that he is buying it. To identify a latent need, is that a very good method or that is the only method? Is there any other alternate? See, this is one of the very powerful method, you know, demonstrate, demonstrate the product and demonstrating how will it satisfy your need and want for them. It is very powerful thing. In B2B context, no, while your demonstration, last demonstration failed, you cannot relate to that always because there can be so many other factors. There is a difference between individual buying behavior and an industrial buying behavior because there are a lot of influencers in industrial buying behavior. An individual buying behavior, the decision maker is one or two. So there are other factors also, but demonstrating is one of the powerful way of making a customer understand, yes, this product will satisfy your need and this is the way it will satisfy. As you said, in a B2B scenario, where there are multiple people who are making decisions, would you recommend actually doing demonstrations for everybody? Because that will not actually happen when you are actually doing a product demo. See, there are no easy answers. Ideally, yes. But if one demonstration does not have, we have to go to individuals and again in that scenario, you have to find out who is the most powerful, what is the hierarchy, understanding the dynamics of the organization and see who is the decision maker, who is the influencer, who is the gatekeeper in the process. And then try to see, see, sometimes the user is different from the decision maker. Decision consultant is different from the purchaser. So there are four, five typical and there is a gatekeeper. Gatekeeper means who will say no, no, no. So the four, five key people, user, in some organization, user is more powerful. In some organization, the purchase person is more powerful. In some organization, the consultant is more powerful. So understanding the dynamics of the organization will help actually because it will vary from organization to organization. So I am now focusing on only value because I see any product or any service as a bundle of values only. This is the abstraction of a tangible product and I am sure if you use this abstraction, it will help. It has helped. There are many tools available in understanding the value of a tangible product and service and which has helped organizations in improving the service. What is customer value? Worth, utility, benefit. Just think what do you mean by value? Value of any product or this is how you explain what is the worth, utility, benefit. Sometimes you say a price represents the value of a product. What actually value of a product means? Esteem. Which fulfills the need. Needs. But how do you see? While making a decision that this product is more valuable than the other, what is the underlying criteria? Usefulness. Satisfaction. Satisfaction. Is it, again satisfaction comes after you use basically, not before you use. But when are you making a purchase decision, what are the underlying criteria you have for any product? Beneficially. Is it beneficial to you? Value. Is it only benefit? Okay. In other words, the value benefit that you get for a unit price you pay? Service, durability, point of view, service point of view, cost point of view. The customer satisfaction. I will just simplify this. You are right, alright. I will say value is not only benefit. It is a relation between benefit and the cost. Value is never single dimensional. When I talk of benefits, when you talk of benefits, it means you are talking about single dimension. And benefit is again a different term from features. So value, just see your product as a bundle of a value. It gives something to customer and you get something out of it from customer. So customer sacrifices something for some benefit and customer always, always will compare the value of the competing products. And if he thinks he gets more value from this product, he will purchase that. Take any example and you can, you know, come to this conclusion. It is never benefit only. It is never price only. It is a relationship between benefit and price or cost. And benefits can be functional. It can be emotional. It can be social. Why you want to acquire, why you want a car? What is the need for a car? Transportation? Transportation. They will not buy a A class car. He will buy something beyond that. So car satisfies more than one needs. One is basic transportation and second is your prestige. So there is some benefit. What is the cost? Now you understand. Cost is not the price paid. It is the effort and time also. So we call it a customer perceived value. I am using the word perceive now. Perceived benefits or quality divided by the sacrifices. Sacrifice is the cost or the price, time and effort. Now think of any product and see what are the benefits you derive and what is the sacrifice you make. And have you ever bought a product without this process? Tell me. Think of any product as a consumer. Have you analyzed? This might be process in your subconscious. But just be conscious of this process. Have you ever as a consumer, be industrial consumer, be household consumer? Have you ever done that? Just give me a single example that you never did that. Don't think over it. Even when you go and buy a product like salt, I can explicate that process of buying. This value, valuation of products might vary from product to product. The intensity of valuation. There are some products like car, your sofa set which are high involvement products. And there can be products like salt or any other product which are low involvement product. But the process of valuation is same. Intensity of involvement might be higher low. You agree? Any disagreements? I do not know if it is a disagreement. Let us say benefits are there. We have cost and perceived benefit and perceived cost. I go to a customer. He is already having one of my competing products. It is costing lesser than what I am proposing to him. He is already benefiting and his cost is also less. I go to him, I talk to him, I will show him the benefits. And the cost, as you said, if I buy Mercedes, I have a certain advantage. I have a prestige class, I have this and I have that. And there are certain 8, 9 needs which are being fulfilled versus an accent. Accent fulfills only 4 of the needs. The cost factor is totally different. The cost factor does not even apply there. In terms of final value, the customer is getting. If I put the cost value, I mean, if it is benefits minus just cost or whatever you said, benefits already includes cost, is it not? When I am talking about the needs, if the needs are the benefits, is getting it, the features is getting, that is already included in that. How would you differentiate the cost and the benefit there? They are already merged inside each other. So, the process I am asking you to follow is just to thread beer that actually. Now, I will again introduce a term. When I say need want, I will introduce a term demand. Is the relation between need want and demand? You need transportation. You need something which improves your esteem value in a society and you need a Mercedes or you want a Mercedes to satisfy those needs. Should a Mercedes manufacturer think that you are the prospective customer? Do you form a demand set? There is another condition. Everybody has a need and a want, but if a customer has willingness to pay and ability to pay, that form the demand set. So, somebody asks, how do I estimate demand? Demand set is want plus ability and willingness to pay. Everybody needs something, few people want something and very few people have ability to pay and willingness to pay. So, a demand set is much smaller than the generic need and want level. When we say willingness to pay, isn't it a want? Because we are adding want, we are saying ability and willingness to pay. Willingness to pay is equal to want that. Sometimes, sometimes may not. For example, two of you have same level of wealth or money in your pocket, but because of your culture, because of your value system, because of your, you know, the area you have brought in, you may not be willing to purchase that. You may not be willing to purchase that. You have money, but you will not be willing to purchase that. So, proceed. So, demand is very small subset of need and want and this is the process which is followed in every purchase decision by every human being beat individual purchase process or organizational purchase process. Conscious or subconscious, it is never benefit alone, it is never sacrifice alone. Now what I do, if I know this, so marketer can enhance the value of its product and services by any of these means, raising benefits compared to your competitor. When I say raising benefits, it is compared to your competitor. Reduce cost, you will increase value. Raising benefits while lowering cost. Raising benefits by more than increase in cost. Lowering benefits by less than reduction in cost. All these actions will increase value and I assume that you are doing thing and you are communicating also. That is a different problem. When you do this with your product and services, second thing is you communicate to customer that I have done this. This is more valuable to you. So, knowing this, you can play with the increase. So, ultimately if you give, see the base, the theory is if you give more value to customer compared to competitor, he will buy your product. Simple. Now I ask what is value, benefit by cost? What are the benefits? What is the cost? I have to thread beer. Sometimes it is assumed that, like he says, the cost is already built in your benefits. If it is built in, just see what are the benefits. Again, just throw these things out.


Hello everybody! In today's video, I'll show you how to create a software rate in Windows Server. In our previous videos, we explored what is rate, how to build the computer for rate systems and how to create such a system using the BIOS features integrated into your motherboard. And today you'll see how to create a software rate in Windows Server operating system with a graphical interface. So let's begin. Hello friends! If you need to recover deleted data, view or restore removed browser history – Hetman software products will help you. Follow the link in the description, download the necessary program for free, install it and analyze the disk. The utility will show you the data you can recover, so you will be able to view it or get it back. In our channel and blog you will find solutions to any problem, from installing an operating system or configuring it to fixing possible bugs and errors or optimizing mobile gadgets. Our specialists will answer any questions you ask in your comments under the videos or articles. It is very easy to create a software rate array in Windows Server. First of all, you should decide what rate type you want and make sure you have the sufficient number of disks to use with that time. Once you've settled this issue, start configuring the rate system. I'll show you how to create a rate 5 array. But setting up other rate types is very similar, except for certain architectural differences. So this example is quite versatile. Open Disk Management by right-clicking on the start button and choosing this line from the list. With built-in operating system tools, you can create a rate 0, striped volume, rate 1, mirrored volume, rate 5 and JBOD, spanned volume array. To create the rate type you want in Disk Management, right-click on one of the unallocated disks and choose the type you prefer. Click Next, add all necessary disks and click Next again. Assign a drive letter to the new volume and format it. Ready? When the new volume visit closes, there will be a message saying that disks need to be converted, which will erase all data irreversibly. As the disks used in our example are empty, click Yes. If you have any important or unnecessary data on your disk, save it elsewhere before you proceed. After the disks are converted and rate 5 is created, the rescuing process starts. It can be quite long, and the actual time needed to complete all operations depends largely on disk capacity. When rescuing it, finally over, your rate system is ready to use. That method for creating arrayed array is also available in Windows 10, and an alternative solution could be used in the feature known as Storage Spaces. Visit our YouTube channel for another video on creating a software rate system in Windows 10. Check the link below. Also, there are special utilities to help you create and maintain arrayed array, for example Intel RapidStore's technology. I'll give the link to this utility in the description below this video. Download, install and start the application. You can see several tabs there. The Status menu displays the condition of the system and your disks. The Create menu lets you set up a rate system consisting of your disks. Hit Create. Select the rate type. You are free to choose between Flexible Data Protection, Rate 1, 0, 5 and 10. In case you have any doubts, there is a brief description for every type. Select the one you prefer and click Next. Give the volume name and select the disks that will make up your rate. Select the one you prefer and click Next. Configure advanced settings if necessary. I leave default settings for volume size and array allocation. You will see the warning that this action will permanently delete existing data on the following disks. If you have any important data there, save it to another location before you move on. Check the option Proceed with deleting data and click Create Volume. The volume is created. However, the utility informs you that before adding any data there, it's necessary to partition the new volume with Disk Management. That is why you need to open it. Immediately, you are informed that the disk must be initialized for a logical disk manager to access it. Select Partition Style and click OK. Click on the disk and select New Simple Volume. Follow the wizard directions. Now your rate system is ready to use. When you open Windows Explorer, you can see the new disk. The utility shows that the disk is still being initialized. The duration of this process depends on disk capacity. Using this tool makes it much easier to monitor your rate status. And should any of the disks within this system fail, you will notice it at once. This utility lets you see which particular disk has failed by using its serial number. And on every disk there is a sticker with that number. In the Settings tab, you can configure notifications in case of any problems and even specify any mail address to send notifications automatically. And set up automatic rebuild for cases when you need to replace a faulted disk or schedule automatic verify and repair operations. In the Settings tab, let you decide on cleaning cache and use of caching options, verifying and checking any data inconsistencies and more. This is how you can create any of the available software-aid types in Windows Server operating system in an easy and effortless way. That is all for now. Hopefully, this video was useful. Remember to click the Like button and subscribe to our channel. Hit the bell button to receive notifications and never miss our new videos. Recommends to ask questions, thank you for watching and good luck!


jazallahu bil khayrati anna immatan lana qalu l-Qur'an a'zban wa salsala fa minbduroon sabaatun qata wa sattat samaa l-ulaa wal-aad l-zuhran wa kummaala Brothers and sisters, in this episode, inshaAllah, it's going to be the third response to the first shubha that was brought, which is that the Qur'an is not mutawatir. In this episode, I want to speak about the muta-akhireena minal-ulamai, the scholars who came after who distinguished between the Qur'an being mutawatir but not necessarily the qiraat. There are great scholars who have said that the Qur'an is mutawatir but they said not necessarily the qiraat. So they distinguish between those two. These great scholars, as a side note, they opposed the ijmat that we mentioned previously. We transmitted ijmat from great scholars, they've gone against that. That's something for every student to know. Another thing I want to say, another thing that I want to say is that from the characteristics of a solid student of knowledge and a person of knowledge is that you study what is for you as much as you study what is against you.  That's why Ibn Jarrah al-Ru'asi, the teacher of al-Imam al-Shafi'i, he said, the people of knowledge write what is for them and what is not for them. And the people of knowledge do not write except what is for them. Al-Imam al-Daraqutniy narrated this in a student. Abdullah ibn Muhammad al-Anzari, sheikh al-Islam al-Isma'il al-Haram he narrated this in his kitab. Al-Imam ibn al-Jawzi narrated this in his kitab. Al-Tahqiqu fi mas'ail al-Khilaf and also Ibn Tahil al-Qaisarani al-Maqdisi narrated in his kitab al-Sama'ah. That Waqee ibn Jarrah said, Ahlu al-Ilmi, the people of knowledge, they write what is for them and they write what is against them. As for the people of desires, they only write what is for them. They don't care what is against them. So it's necessary to know what is for you and what is against you. So your proof can become stronger. Your arguments are very solid and that is why I'm going to always mention what other people have said even if we don't agree with them because we have to have answers for their statements and what they've said. So without the shadow of a doubt there are great scholars who have said that the Quran is not necessarily the Qiraat. They've gone against the ijma'a and that itself is enough to say that what they are saying is wrong but again insha'Allah ta'ala I'm still going to go into detailed response regarding them insha'Allah ta'ala. Before I go in there are two points I want to bring to your attention my beloved brother and sisters. Number one, those great scholars who have said that the Quran is mutawatir but not necessarily the Qiraat they are not saying in any way shape or form that all that is enough regarding the Quran is that there is a sahih sanat from the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallamah and that he has to be in line with the Ras of the masahif of Uthman and he has to also be in line in the Arabic language. They are not saying that. With the chain being authentic they are also saying that it has to be the recitation which is famous. It is prevalent and the ummah have unanimously agreed upon it. So what we say is that they're not saying that. What they are saying is that it has to be the Qiraat. The Qiraat must be famous. It has to have spread. Second thing they're adding on to there is and that the ummah have all agreed upon it. So they say it has to be authentic that's one. The chain of it has to be authentic. Number two they are saying it has to be famous and prevalent and it has to be commonly known by everybody. That's two. Number three and that the ummah have all accepted it. They're conditioning those three. And the third thing that they're conditioning is that the ummah have agreed upon it. Let me give you their statements themselves. One of the great scholars who've actually held the opinion that the Tawatur is not a condition for the Qiraat is none other than the Imam of this field of Qur'an Shamsuddin Ibn al-Jazari who died in 833 Hijriah. He mentions in his Kitab an-Nashr in Qiraat al-Ashr. He says when he was explaining the part when he was explaining that line of his we know that Al-Imam al-Jazari mentioned in his Qiraat al-Nashr which is the poetry of the al-Nashr. He said So in that line of poetry what did he say? So he's explaining that. What does it mean? He said what do I mean by that? He's explaining his own statement. He said What we mean by this is He said what we mean by is a person is precise in his memory. And he's from someone like him. Until it finishes at the ending of the chain. That is the Messenger of Allah. And that it becomes famous and prevalent and it spreads to every Amr and Bakr and Zaytla, to the scholars of this field. They consider this Qiraat to be famous. Those scholars are precise, who are great. They consider this Qiraat to be famous. They do not consider this Qiraat to be a mistake or they do not consider it a recitation that some people have become alone in. So Ibn al-Jazari is conditioning with He's conditioning That is famous and he's prevalent and he's spread. He also said in his Qitaab When he was talking about it, the Qiraat al-Aashr, he said about it The people have all agreed They've all agreed to accept it And no one argues in that except an ignorant person. So if we be statement in When he was talking about the Qiraat al-Aashr and he's statement in Two things come together That he conditions Ibn al-Jazari and to be this famous Qiraat and to be accepted by the Ummah And then the Ummah have all unanimously agreed upon it. That's point number one that I want to bring your attention Some brothers and some sisters whose knowledge and understanding of the great scholars they will say to you that they've just conditioned that the Senate is correct And that's not the case Even though what Ibn al-Jazari here is saying which is that the Qiraat the condition for it is as shuhra and that the Ummah unanimously agree upon it it's still weak view We're going to debunk that but we want to fairly represent the Imam and we want you all to understand what he's trying to say here The second point I want to bring to your attention is that some of the late scholars this is not the view of the muta qaddimid by the way it's not the view held by the early scholars of al-Islam this is views that came later they these muta qireen who went against the ijmaa who opposed the ijmaa what they are distinguishing between is the Quran and the Qiraat and this is very important they are not saying that they are not saying that they are not saying that the Quran is not muta waatir what they are saying is that the tawaatur is not present in the qiraat and this is something important for everybody to understand they are saying that the Quran is muta waatir and that they also are saying that the Quran for it to be considered a Quran a condition for it is that it has to be muta waatir as for the qiraat they are saying fa la yushtaratul tawaatur They say that the Qiraat, the Qiraat, is not a prerequisite for it to be mutawatir. That's very important. And one of the people who are pushing that opinion as well is none other than Abou Shama al-Maqdisi. He has a Kitab called Ibrazu al-Ma'ani min hirz al-Amani fil Qiraat al-Sabah. Abou Shama al-Maqdisi has an explanation on the Kitab of al-Imam al-Shatibi, Abou al-Qasim al-Shatibi. He explained his Kitab, hirz al-Amani fil Qiraat al-Sabah. Abou Shama al-Maqdisi in the beginning, the first page of the Kitab, Ibrazu al-Ma'ani, when he defines the Quran there, he says al-Quranu kalamullah. The Quran is the speech of Allah. Man qul the Quran is transmitted to us. Naklu tawatur. It's transmitted to us a transmission of tawatur, he says. Al-Rasulillah from the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, al-Ladhi umzila ilayhi, it was sent on him alayhi sallam. Lam yazal, he says. Fi kulli hunin. That every time there was what? Jilun yankulu khalqu la yuhsa. That there is a generation who were passing over the Quran and the number of those people cannot be, it can't be counted. They are not a figure we can give. If the people were transmitted the Quran, the large number they are saying. Yani, abou shamat al-Maqdisi, he is saying that the Quran is mutawatur. Cleaning categorically. Baynama nadjiduhu yakulu anil qiraati fi kitabih al-Murshid al-Wajiz ila uloumin tata'allaku bil kitab al-Aziz. Whereas when we look at his other kitab, al-Murshid al-Wajiz, al-Murshid al-Wajiz. When we go to his kitab al-Murshid al-Wajiz, ila uloumin tata'allaku bil kitab al-Aziz, we find that he says something different about the qiraat. The Quran, he said, tawatur and mutawatur. But when he came to the qiraat in his kitab al-Murshid al-Wajiz, we see him saying something different. What is it that he is saying? He says, He said, We are not from those who condition tawatur. And then he goes on to say it after a bit. He says, The qiraat, not the Quran, the qiraat is divided into mutawatur and that which is not mutawatur. He says, The qiraat is categorized into two. Qiraat which are mutawatur and qiraat which are not mutawatur. And then he goes on to say, The most that is brought forward by those who claim tawatur is the Idgam of Abi Amr and the nakul of the haraqah of Warsh. And I want you to hold on to the nakul of the haraqah of Warsh because I'm going to give an example on that. And I'm going to give an example. He mentioned so many, but I just chose nakul of the haraqah of Warsh. He says, This is all they bring forward to claim mutawatur and qiraat. He says, That the qiraat was attributed to that particular Imam. And then he says that after these people struggle who claim tawatur and they exert all their efforts they are only able to reach tawatur with the qari himself. The qari himself, if it's Abi Amr or whether it be Ibn Kathir or other than them when they reach him the tawatur stops from them. Between him and the Prophet, there's no mutawatur anymore. From that, he says, except little things here and there. The Imam then goes on to saying that the qiraat, if it's famous, if it's spread, if it's prevalent and the chain of narration is authentic and it is in line with the Mus'haf of Uthman, and the Arabic language is not rejected. Then this is a qiraat we rely on. This is a qiraat which we rely on. Anything other than that then of course it's sad and it's life. So in other words what he's saying is that if the qiraat is famous and it's common and it's prevalent the chain of narration is authentic it's in line with the Mus'haf it's in line with the Arabic language it is a qiraat then we accept. So he's not just saying that it has to be chain has to be authentic. He's saying that Salad has to be Sahih and it also has to be famous. Here I want you to understand the point that Abu-Shamah al-Makdisi, number one, he distinguishes between the Qur'an being mutawatir and the qiraat being mutawatir. He acknowledges that the Qur'an is mutawatir. But here what he's saying is that the qiraat is divided into two, qiraat which are mutawatir and qiraat which are not mutawatir. And then he gives examples of why he doesn't believe the qiraat to be mutawatirah. And now I'm going to explain to you the issue for Abu-Shamah al-Makdisi came from. One of the examples that he gave was wa naqlul haraqa tili warshim. What does that mean? And what does that have to do with the discussion of whether the qiraat is mutawatir or not? You will now understand. So Abu-Shamah al-Makdisi he gives an example of what is known as naqlul haraqa. And this will make it clear for us. There are two examples of the qiraat regarding naqlul haraqa. Allah SWT says in the qiraat wa khuliqa l-insan wa da'ifa. We have the word wa khuliqa l-insan wa da'ifa. Allah SWT said that. Let's look at the word wa khuliqa l-insan wa da'ifa. We got to learn today naqlul haraqa that Abu-Shamah gave as an example. It will make all clear to you. He says that the qiraat some of it is mutawatir and some of it is not mutawatir and the Quran is mutawatir but not the qiraat necessarily what he means by that. Then we are able to respond to him or respond to his statement and his argument. And of course it's not going to be us who's going to respond we're going to respond by other scholars what they said. InshaAllah. So he says naqlul haraqa was one of the examples he gave. According to Abu-Shamah al-Makdisi wa khuliqa l-insan wa da'ifa is mutawatir. This recitation here as wa khuliqa l-insan wa da'ifa is mutawatir. Good. Let's examine the ayah now. Allah says wa khuliqa l-insan. So we have l-insan. l-insan we have alif and we have lam. al-insan, alif and lam. What is the alama on the lam? Everyone inshaAllah ta'ala is going to say the alama on the alif the alama on the lam is a sukun. The alama on the lam is a what? It's a sukun, a sukun. So the lam is sakinah. The lam has sukun on it. Good. What is it that has come after the lam? After the lam, what came after the lam is a hamza. What came after it is a hamza. Good. So we have l-insan. Insan. So there's a hamza there. So it's alif, lam. The lam has a sukun on it and after the lam is a hamza. This hamza, what does it have under it? What is that hamza got under it? That hamza has got a kasra under it. Then in the Arabic language The sukun is not a haraka. So it's the hamza is muta harika. It's got a haraka on it. Good. The haraka here is a what? It's a kasra. So what does the qira of warsh do in this situation? The qira of warsh, what it does is that it moves. It moves that hamza from the place. It eliminates it in totality. And then what does it do? It gives the haraka, the kasra, to the lam. The lam has a sukun on it, right? The hamza disappears. Just before it's about to disappear it passes over the kasra to the lam. And it says lam, used to be sukun. Now you can have a kasra, I'm leaving. And so the ayah becomes recited according to warsh وَخُولِ قَالِنْ سَانُوا بَعِفَ It's not وَخُولِ قَالِنْ سَانُوا It becomes وَخُولِ قَالِنْ وَخُولِ قَالِنْ سَانُوا بَعِفَ So the kasra of the lam and the noon come together. Why is the lam take a kasra? لِلْتِقَ إِسَا كِلَينْ Two sukuns are going to meet one another. So to prevent the hamza before it leaves it gives it kasra. This is known as نَقْلُ الْحَرَكَ It's called نَقْلُ الْحَرَكَ So according to Abu Shamet Al-Makdisi The qira'a which recites as وَخُولِ قَالِنْ سَانُوا بَعِفَ So according to him there is a qira'a which is mutawatira The qira'a which recites as وَخُولِ قَالِنْسَا وَخُولِ قَالِنْسَا نُضَعِفَ According to him is not mutawatir Abu Shamet Al-Makdisi Why is it not mutawatir to Abu Shamet Al-Makdisi? Because to him it has not come in the number of tawatur According to him Abu Shamet Al-Makdisi This is vital information here And we'll go into the second example of نَقْلُ الْحَرَكَ To make it clear for you again الله تَبَرْكُ إِتَعَالَهِ says بَطَائِنُ هَا مِنْ إِسْتَبْرَقَ Allah says that Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala According to Abu Shamet Al-Makdisi This qira'a is mutawatir This qira'a is mutawatir We have here بَطَائِنُ هَا مِنْ إِسْتَبْرَقَ We have a noon here This noon At the ending of it What is on there brothers? What is the last علامة on the noon? You will say It's noon ساكنة The noon has a sqoon on it Okay after this noon What is present? There's a hamza again This hamza, what does it have? It has a kasra Just like وَخُلِ قَلْ إِنْسَانُوا ضَعِيفَ The lamb had a sqoon on it And the hamza had a kasra on it This one is the same مِنْ إِسْتَبْرَقَ The noon has a sqoon on it And إِسْتَبْرَقَ The hamza has a what? A kasra on it According to Warsh It's going to be read as what? مِنِسْتَبْرَقَ According to We drop the hamza And the noon takes a kasra Why? Because We're scared that two sqoons are going to meet one another Are we all together brothers? This is what is known as نقل الحركة According to أبي أبو شامة المقدسي مِنِسْتَبْرَقَ is not a qurاء which is متواتر According to him According to According to him He believes that مِنِسْتَبْرَقَ is not a متواتر But he's saying that مِنِسْتَبْرَقَ is a متواتر قراء Okay? Now Scholars have refuted And debunked This statement of أبو شامة المقدسي Great scholars have They've responded to him They critiqued him on this issue And they've said that What he's saying is very flawed And the great scholars that Have responded to him Are 11 scholars They are 11 scholars I'm only going to transmit The statement of Four of them Insha'Allah I'm just going to quote four But I'm going to tell you The name of the rest Insha'Allah Now we have one great scholar أبو شامة المقدسي On one side Who is a great scholar In this field We admire his works We appreciate him Him saying something And we have the We have other great scholars Saying something else You have to judge between them We don't just blind follow One person You have to judge between them We have to be If we have the understanding Of course And we are We are able to do that Then we look at Who is mentioning What is right We've now looked at The statement of أبو شامة المقدسي We really understood it We now have to look at The other scholars Of what they said about His statement And then insha'Allah Who is right And who is wrong The first scholar I'm going to mention Who debunked The claim of أبو شامة المقدسي Is none other than أبو الجزر رحمه الله أبو الجزر Who died in 833 He has a A book called منجد المقرئين He said أوقفت عليه الشيخان I Brought this statement To our الشيخ Who is he referring to He is referring to محمد ابن أحمد الخطيب He said I met him He is a great شافع A scholar He said I met him And I said to him Look at the statement Of أبو شامة The statement I read on you Before Then His great الشيخ The jazerist teacher محمد ابن أحمد الخطيب He said معظور أبو شامة أبو شامة Is excused حسبة He thought أن القراء كالحديث That the قراء Is like the حديث مخرجها كمخرجه He thought that The way that we look at the مخرج The The way we look at Where the حديث comes from Is the same way that We look at the way the قراءات comes from إذا كان مداروها على واحد Scholars of حديث They go to a حديث For example If it comes to just one companion They say it's another If in reality Other people have narrated it They don't care They will just say I had A given example The Prophet SAW Said This hadith Who narrated it From the Prophet SAW There is no other companion Who has transmitted To us The hadith Who had it from عمار رضي الله عنه Who narrated it From عمار رضي الله عنه عالقامة ابن أبي وقاس الليتي Now what's strange is that عمار رضي الله عنه Narrated the hadith إِنَّ مَلْعَمَالِبْنِاتِ On the pulpit On a Friday خُدْبَتُ الجُمَعة And the only person That we have today Who narrated the hadith Of إِنَّ مَلْعَمَالِبْنِاتِ Is who عالقامة ابن أبي وقاس الليتي أمرق حجر mentions عالقامة is disputed Whether it's a companion Or not It's actually disputed Okay It's disputed whether it's a companion So if it's two companion So if it's a companion Then عمار is a companion عالقامة is a companion Then the other two are not Companions they are a Tabe'een So it would be two Sahabas And two Tabe'een And Imam Al-Rahim At-Taym And Ya'ham Al-Said Al-Anthari Are both Tabe'een And عالقامة If it's the view that He's a companion And عمر of course is a companion There would be two companions In the chain And two Tabe'een But anyways, Al Qama ibn Abi Waqas al-Laythi, the strongest opinion that he's not a companion, is that he narrated this from Umar. But Umar said inna mal-a'mal ibn Niyat on the pulpit. And we know how many people who can Friday khud but al-Juba, how many people are gonna hear it? I mean Friday in khud but al-Juba, in the city of Medina, Amir al-Mu'minin is doing a khud but I mean this is something a lot of people had. But according to the scholars of hadith, because only one person who narrated it, scholars of hadith they consider it, had, whether other people have heard it or not, it doesn't matter. Are we all together? So Abu Shamin al-Maqdisi fell into this problem, this problem became his How? He looked at the Qur'at because it goes back to one of the Qur'a, one of the Imams, for example, it goes to Asim or it goes to Ibn Kathir, that's it, it's Ahad. Okay, no. These particular scholars were chosen because of their knowledge and they came forward to narrate the Qur'an. But the people of the city, all of them knew the Qur'an and all of them had that same recitation of Asim and Qisa'i. But one person was chosen to be documented and insha'Allah I'm going to prove that more insha'Allah. So Ibn Jazzari here, he's bringing the statement of Muhammad Ibn Ahmad al-Khatib. He's saying that he said that Abu Shamin's problem is that he's looking at like a hadith. It's a technical issue. It's not just that he's the only one who narrated the Qur'an. Rather, the people of the whole city and the whole village, like Kufr for example, they all were narrating this with him. Okay? And then he goes on to say and if the people of that village in that town and that city were not to agree with that Imam in that recitation, they would have said don't really like that. They would prohibit the people from it. They won against the people from it. And this statement of Abu Shamin al-Makhdisi, great scholars have also warned the people from it and told the people to stay away from it. So here is very clear, crystal clear, brothers, that the problem with Abu Shamin al-Makhdisi is that just because a recitation is attributed to one of the Qur'an, that does not mean that he is the only one who read it. Okay? That's the difference here. This is Tawatul Qabaka. Many people have narrated this Qur'an at the time of Asim. Insha'Allah, I'm going to bring some examples. For example, Ibn Aamir. Ibn Aamir took the Qur'an from Abu Darda, the Imam of the people of Shamin. Ibn Aamir, he's the Imam of the people of Shamin, right? Ibn Aamir's teacher is Abu Darda, radiAllahu ta'ala, how many people did Ibn Aamir narrate from? How many people took the Qur'an with him? 1,600 people took with him. I'm going to bring Insha'Allah, radiAllahu ta'ala. But we don't have those 1,600 people. We only have Ibn Aamir only. We are written for us. But we know through authentic chains of narrations that Ibn Aamir was a student of Abu Darda. Who Abu Darda was teaching this much of the people. But the only person we want to quote is because Ibn Aamir. Why? Because Ibn Aamir came forward to teach the Qur'an, became known for it, and that's why he got attributed to him. And then Ibrahim An-Naka'i used to even hate the idea of saying Qira'a to Fulan, Sanad to Fulan, the Qira'a of so-and-so, the chain of so-and-so. He used to hate this like that because he was scared that what Abu Shamin al-Maqadisi fell into, that a lot of people are going to fall into. Now I'm going to mention the second Imam, who also debunked the issue of Abu Shamin al-Maqadisi. And that is Burhan al-Din Ibrahim Ibn Umar al-Ja'abari. Al-Ja'abari has a Kitab called Khulasat al-Abha'at, in Shahr Al-Qira'at 3. He said, Al-Ja'abari and other people like them. He says something very powerful, Al-Ja'abari. He says that, those who've transmitted the recitation of the Qira'at al-Khalqan are a number of people, we cannot count them, they're too much. For example, some of the scholars, Ibn Jundub, Ibn Hormuz, Ibn Muhaisin, Al-A'amash, Asim al-Ja'abari, and people like them. But when the time became long and the people's aspiration became short, people get tired of knowing everyone. People just want to know, okay, just tell me one or two people so I can remember. So scholars just restricted it to a group of people. And the reason why these ones were chosen over these ones is because they came forward to teach. Asim came forward to teach. Are we all together? Ibn Amir and Ibn Amr al-Ala'i al-Basri and Kisa'i and Nafi and Ibn Kafir, they came forward to teach. But that doesn't mean that they were the only ones who knew the Quran, who memorized the Quran. The people who were studying the Quran with them is they cannot be counted. So that statement of Al-Ja'abari is very, very strong. The third statement I want to mention is the statement of Salah al-Din, Khalil, Al-Kayk al-Di, Al-Ala'i, and Shafi'i, Rahima Allah. His a Kitab called Al-Majumu'u al-Mudhab fi qawa'idil madham. He's a great Shafi'u scholar. He has written a book on qawa'idil fiqh and usul al-fiqh, one of the greatest books. And Imam Al-Ala'i, Rahima Allah, he combined between the knowledge of Hadneeth and also the knowledge of fiqh and usul al-fiqh and qawa'idil fiqh. So his book, when you read it, you'll be amazed with it. So if you buy the best publication out there so far is the Oqaf al-Quaid. They published it. That's the best publication. The previous publications, they had so much mistakes in there. Some of the pages are repetitions. Some pages are blank. Like in the Oqaf al-Quaid, it's very good. Al-Ala'i says, Rahima Allah, when he was debunking Abu-Shamat al-Maqadisi, he says, he transmitted the statement of Abu-Shamat al-Maqadisi, Al-Ala'i. And then he says, he says, he falsely gives the impression that all of the Al-Quaid is 7-0. And it gives the impression that the highest level of the Al-Quaid is that the chain of authentic is in line with the Arabic language. And enough is for it to be famous. And the issue is not what they said these people. And who's he referring to? Abu-Shamat. And those who hold their opinion. And he says, and the matter is not what these people have claimed. And he said that this Shubha entered into these people's hearts because the Qur'an is attributed to particular narrators. So they thought it was Ahad. And this is a matter that many people have to be aware of. And do not be deceived by the statements of those reciters. And Allah is the one who gives the ability. This is the issue that many of the Qur'an became hidden from them. He became what? He became hidden from them. And he is saying what? Do not be deceived by the statement of Abu-Shamat and others like that. Now I'm going to give you the statement of two other great scholars. By the way, the scholars who have transmitted this and debunked Abu-Shamat in this issue are 11 scholars. I'm going to mention their names and I'm going to then quote, I'm going to then quote the Ibn Amir Al-Hajj and also Al-Zamlakani. And the rest, I'm just going to give you their names, inshallah. So I might as well just tell you the names of the rest. So those great scholars I'm going to mention, inshallah, are Ibn Amir Al-Hajj. And also Ibn Al-Jazari and Burhan Al-Din Ibrahim Ibn Omar Al-Jabari and Salah Al-Din, those 11 are all of the scholars who refuted and debunked Abu-Shamat Al-Maqtisi. I've already quoted three great Imams, already quoted them word for word, Ibn Al-Jazari, Al-Jabari, and also Al-Ala'i. I'm going to add Ibn Amir Al-Hajj statement and also Zamlakani, Kamal Al-Din, Ibn Zamlakani. What they said, that we'll make it, inshallah, five statements, inshallah, five quotes, be it Nila Al-Kareem. We'll make it five quotes, inshallah, and the rest be Nila Al-Kareem. You can look for the statements yourself and see that this is the correct view, inshallah. Al-Imam Al-Jazari, when the statement of Burhan Al-Din Ibrahim Ibn Omar Al-Jabari was mentioned, he quoted it in his Kitab, Mujid al-Mukri'in. He brought the Qalam of Burhan Al-Din Ibrahim Ibn Omar Al-Jabari that I mentioned before, in his Kitab, Khulasat al-Abbahat, in Shahr Al-Karaati Tala. Ibn Al-Jazari transmitted that statement and then he said right after it, that the statement of Burhan Al-Din Ibrahim Ibn Omar Al-Jabari is a statement which is correct and there is no debate regarding it. So this shows us that Ibn Al-Jazari agrees with the statement of Al-Jabari when he refuted Abu Shama Al-Maqtisi. Now I'm going to mention the statement of Kamal Al-Din Ibn Zamlaqani. Ibn Zamlaqani he said, That's exactly the statement that I mentioned from the previous great imams, the statement of Ibn Al-Jazari and also Al-Jabari and the statement of Al-Ail K. Keldi he said that restricting the chains to a particular group does not prevent the Quran coming as Mu'tawatir or it doesn't prevent that the Quran, the Qiraat came from some other scholars as well. It's not preventing that because every single people they would narrate it, the Qiraat of their imam and the people who narrate it from him would be large in number and the ones he studied with are large in number and weha kada until the Prophet alaihi sallam and then he gave an example of the Hajjat al-Wadaa. The Hajjat al-Wadaa he said it's ahad it's singular in narration but remember how many people were standing in front of the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam that day thousands of people standing but did everybody choose to narrate it no so it's Mu'tawat in the sense where many people narrated it sorry that many people heard it but there's few who chose to narrate it a few choose to narrate it or a few choose to come forward to bring it Ibn Amir al-Haji and then he says before I go into Ibn Amir al-Haji statement he says do not be deceived by the statements of the Quraat regarding this referring to Abu Shama al-Maqadisi and others. Ibn Amir al-Haji he said in his kitab did the 727 hijriah Ibn Amir did 879 hijriah he said Ibn Amir al-Haji he says that all of the Quraat are Mu'tawatara by consensus and these people could not have agreed upon this and then he said that these people who argue that no it's not possible that the Quraat are Mu'tawatara all of it all matters is that it's famous and it's prevalent the statement of Abu Shama they argued they said the Quraat are how many only seven seven is not Mu'tawatara if they all agreed upon it it's still not Mu'tawatara let alone when they differ amongst themselves he refuted that Ibn Amir al-Haji and he said that the attribution to these people in the first place these seven doesn't mean that the only seven Ibn Uluf al-Lafa thousands of people narrated it okay but these seven are were chosen they were unique in coming forward to teach they came forward to educate the people and they became famous for that but it doesn't mean that they're the only people and they're the only ones and inshaAllah ta'ala I'm going to explain this more in the upcoming episodes so inshaAllah ta'ala keep that in mind so summary we said that Abu Shama al-Makadisi statement has been debunked by great scholars 11 scholars of course this episode is probably the longest episode from all of the episodes if I went and quoted the other imams it would have gone longer and longer this view goes against the Ijma'a that we mentioned before and the Ijma'a is something that we need to follow Allah Ta'ala he says those and some people say that this issue Ijma'a is not right it's just the issue don't accept that it is an Ijma'a anything I might have said that was wrong incorrect it's from me as shaytan and Allah has messaged I'm free from it subhanakAllah mubi hamdika shadwallah ilaha illa Allah astaghfiru kawwantubu li assalamu alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuhu how can you do a two second action right now that will give you a share of the reward of everything we're doing on this youtube channel simple like this video and click subscribe why it will allow youtube to recommend our videos to other users and imagine the huge amount of reward that could be waiting for you on the day of judgment if you did that with a sincere intention of spreading the deen of Allah you'll be rewarded for every single person who benefits from one of our videos as a result of your like or subscribe that's an easy two second action that you definitely don't want to miss out on do it now click like and subscribe and don't forget to make that intention