Students, we have discussed types of applied research and now we are going to talk about tools in applied research. There are two types of tools in applied research, needs assessment and cost and benefit analysis. Let's first see what is a need assessment tool. Needs assessment tool is an applied research tool that gathers descriptive information about a need, issue or concern including its magnitude, scope and severity. A needs assessment involves collecting data to determine major social needs and their severity. I am going to give you the example of a youth development program in order to understand a needs assessment. If the government has decided to initiate any youth development program then government has to see what kind of development program is needed for the youth of the country, i.e. what kind of program they need, whether they need to give them laptops, whether they need to give them educational fee, scholarship, whether they need to give them interest-free loans, or whether they need to fund their startups. So this will be decided on the basis of the results of the needs assessment on the basis of the results of the needs assessment study, the government will be in a position to decide what kind of a development program is needed for the youth. The second type of the tool in applied research is cost and benefit analysis. It is an applied research tool that economic economists developed in which a monetary value is assigned to the inputs and outcomes of a process and then the researcher examines the balance between them. Your cost and benefit analysis tool is done by an economic analysis of a project. The cost and impact of the project depends on whether it is equal or not. So the government decides on the basis of that which kind of development project needs to be started.


The Ministry of Tourism will be working closely with tourism transportation providers in ensuring that they are equipped to execute their duties in the safest possible manner. Meantime, the Minister for Tourism, Information and Broadcasting, Culture and Creative Industries, Honourable Dominic Fede, has reiterated government's commitment to the tourism industry and its stakeholders. The assurance follows concerns expressed by the St Lucia Hospitality and Tourism Association. Lisa Joseph has that story. In a letter to Prime Minister Hon. Alan Chastney that was reproduced in the press, President of the SLHTA Caroline Trubeskoi sought an audience of the Prime Minister and other relevant ministers on the reopening of the tourism industry and the associated protocols. According to Trubeskoi, the Ministry of Tourism failed to consult with the SLHTA and its members on the reopening protocols. Tourism Minister Hon. Dominic Fede has, however, refuted this. A statement that suggests that there's a lack of consultation is absolutely unfortunate and I think it goes against the facts or the chronology of the events that have taken place because in the last two months we have met with tourism-related organizations including the SLHTA and various subsectors 15 times. We've met even before the tourism industry was shut down in early March with the hotel sector to see exactly where they're at. We've met with the taxi sector, an important subsector of the industry. We've met with the board of the SLHTA to unveil our reopening plans. Minister Fede revealed that a nine-member task force commissioned by his ministry has four representatives of the SLHTA including the President Colin Trubeskoi and Chief Executive Officer Nurani Aziz. The SLHTA President has suggested that the requirement for visitors to present a negative COVID-19 test result conducted 48 hours before boarding a flight has created a stalemate between the airlines and the destination. Minister Fede says, whilst he appreciates the need for hotels to open, government must lead the charge to a safe reopening. We are going through a very difficult time. It's a health crisis that the world has never seen and so what we have to do is when we are contemplating opening we've got to do so with the health and safety of the solution people first in mind and so I think that we have indicated to hoteliers and in the more official capacity to the SLHTA that you know we have to ensure that this is done well. Now the protocols which they spoke of I think we discussed it with the aviation sector and it is a real fact that we may have to review those protocols. Government the minister says has been communicating with the airlines to have robust commercial flights into the island in the shortest possible time. However, government will not be strong armed into a situation that would endanger the lives of citizens. It clearly shows that the aviation sector does not find a protesting protocol to be very practical but I think that you have to ensure whatever protocol that replaces that should not be done in a scurry and it should not be done overnight but it has to be done in a clinical manner in a manner that is very calculated and measured because you know Lisa if we got into the business of reopening and we didn't get it right and we open up our borders to the epicenter of the virus now the United States where the numbers instead of decreasing are spiraling and the public health situation seems to be overwhelmed by what is taking place it would mean therefore that the risk is very very grave and you're endangering the workers of the industry you're endangering the taxi drivers you're endangering the entire population when those workers go back to their communities. Minister Faley says he empathizes with the hoteliers but now it's not the time for anyone to push the panic button for a rush to open. Government he added is taking a balanced approach and will soon make an announcement on the revision of the protocols. From the Government Information Service, Lisa Joseph reports in


You know, there's conjecture. What I will say is that I find it very hard to believe that the chemsis, the chem91, the D and the one and the four all came from the same hybrid. Yeah. They're different enough that it seems to me, this is where it would be amazing to have actual like human style DNA analysis. That was the big hope of the company that won't be named. His is that they would be able to take these long-running things and clear up these family relationships. So far that isn't the case.


Hey, the hard part is not doing it once, hard part is doing it long term, hard part is being consistent. It's tough to work hard every day, it's tough, I get it.  But hey, here's the deal, man, when you're in your lane and you're chasing greatness, that's a different feeling than going to the lake on the weekends, right? When you're in your lane and you're doing something that a lot of people wish they could commit to do when they can, that's a different feeling, right? I'm not talking about winning wrestling matches, man. I'm not talking about winning wrestling matches.  They're gonna make some great stories, right? They're gonna be in that habit of selecting dust, don't touch a shoe, lick a shoe on it, right? And here's the deal, it starts with one cat. It starts with one cat that's crazy enough to set a standard and live behind them. Then that starts being contagious, right? Then you don't have one guy setting a standard in the tone every day. You got two, then you got three, and it starts being contagious. Then it starts being a competitive thing. Now, when we started to compound as men, we ain't got any hero, but I talked about him earlier. He's a head assistant at University of Northern Iowa now. And it was a competition with us. It was a competition with us, how good we could be as technicians and coaches and motivators. We're constantly sending each other videos and articles and reading books and just trying to find out what the best CEOs and the best leaders and the best coaches are doing. Whether it's football, wrestling, whatever. What's needs they've been doing? It's so different than everybody else. He's really good at coaching, right? But it became a competition. And then we looked up five years later and it's like, holy smokes, man. We got some really good kids. But we weren't like, man, this is not your study, man. We're doing all this technique research and all this stuff, man.  This is like a job. It was a competition. We loved it. Because we got in that mode of we're going to be great. We got in that mode of, hey, if we get halfway to greatness, it's going to be fun. We're going to impact some lives. We're going to grow as individuals. We're going to meet some amazing people. And I truly believe there's two different types of alphas in the room. You've got leaders and you've got shepherds. And the leaders, all right, it's kind of, if you do X, Y, and Z, you're good. If you don't do X, Y, and Z, there's a consequence, right? You don't show up for work, you get fired. You don't do last couple drills, you got sprints. You don't do X, Y, and Z, you got to do this. There's a consequence, good or bad, right? You do all the work, maybe you win a match, you're not supposed to. And then there's the shepherds, they're the emotional guys, right?  That guy just fires me up every day. So you got leaders and shepherds. So if you're not a good leader and you're not outspoken, that's perfectly fine, all right? Or if you're not a good shepherd and you're not outspoken, that's perfectly fine. If you're a good leader and you can quietly set the tone, that guy just a rough and four-time state champion. All I was like a couple matches in high school, all right? I won a lot of really big tournaments, a place that a lot of really big tournaments. Wrestling SIUE now. It was one of the best kids that ever wrestled in Georgia. Some of you guys might know who he is. I tried to get that kid to be a vocal leader in our room for the 10-plus years he was a part of our club. I never did it. But I tell you what, in 10 years that kid probably missed 20 wrestling practices. Think about it, we got four practices a week, 10 years that kid maybe missed 20 wrestling practices. Realize how consistent you have to be. And he was always in with his shoes on, ready for practice on time, and he worked his tail off and didn't say a word. But he set the standard and the tone. If you ever looked at that kid, he was always working. If you ever talked to that kid, he was always respected. If you ever asked me to help you, he was always a good teammate, right? So you guys got to figure out who's going to be the shepherds and who's going to be the leaders in this room. And you all need to start acting on it. And you all need to start taking some pride and some accountability and some workload extra on you than just, I'm going to be a state champ this year. Nobody's going to stop me. Well, guess what? That outside world over here and over here are part of that world that needs to get you there. So don't put the blinders on them. Don't get in a tunnel and only focus on you, right? You guys got to start kind of banding together and figuring out how great you want this thing to be, right? And then once you commit to it, you do it. And you got other people in this room that hold you accountable. And if not, you're just a wrestling team that goes to wrestling tournaments and you do wrestling moves.  If you're lucky to answer that. But you guys got to start figuring out what you want to do. Because I'll tell you right now, the leadership skills and the shepherd skills and the things you're going to learn, even trying to be great at this thing, are going to pour over 10 times into the next phase of your life, okay? Into the next phase. And I'll tell you the most important thing that's going to happen along the way is you're going to realize how good it feels to help somebody else win that life. And that'll be one of the most depicting things you ever do in this world. One of the most important things you ever do in this world is help somebody do something they can never repay before. I'll say that again. One of the most important things you can do while you're on this planet is help somebody or do something for somebody or help enable a situation for somebody that they can ever repay before. I'm not talking about loaning five bucks. I'm talking about making an impact on them as a human being to when they look back down on the road, they're like, look, I wouldn't be where I'm at in this part of my life if it wasn't for that guy.  I try to think of them as often as possible. It could have been something small they did, it could have been something big they did. And that starts to be part of the legacy of this thing.  The 100% most important thing you'll ever do in your life is impact the world around you. If the only most important thing you'll ever do in your life is win state titles right now, you're going to be heartbroken when you graduate.   We're on this planet to make a difference in other people's lives. We're on this planet to win the rest of the matches, guys. So I strongly advise you guys to evaluate the environment and the culture you guys are in and then figure out how you're going to make an impact on this team.  I don't even care if it ends up being something that saves the dog on ocean because you've got an issue in the local area with pollution or something. The impact in the world and your community and your environment and your team and the things that help you be great is why you're on this earth. And if we all fault that way, it'd be a pretty amazing place to live, right? But everybody gets their blinders on and they only worry about what's in their yard and in their land and what affects their bottom line and what takes time away from the stuff they like doing and then the sacrifice for the other man ain't there. The sacrifice for the other family ain't there. All right? So again, before you put your head on the pillow then I think about those things. How many people are you impacting around you? All right? How many people are the best than you when you're returning that investment back into them or somebody else, right? And a lot of you guys will just go home and be like, man, that was full concept but nah, man, I like my own personal time and that's good.  It's going to make me better as a human being. If you decide you're going to be the leader in this room and the hardest-working guy in this room and the most dedicated, best teammate you could possibly be from this day forward it doesn't matter what you do in your wrestling career. When you're done, you'll be a much better human being because of a lot of pressure. It's a lot of pressure as a young kid. That's a lot of pressure, okay? The guys that have done the most amazing things in this world didn't look at the mountain and ask how long it was going to take to get there, right? You got to take the first step. You got to take the first step. And lastly, I strongly advise you guys to think about the person you were when this year started and think about the person you are when this year ends. Everybody's so quick to get to 2021 right now. Who's right in 2021? Everybody. Who cares? Everything going to change, gentlemen? Nothing changes. What changes is the people we've turned into along the way. Think about how innovative we've had to be in the last six, eight months. It takes ten years to make a vaccine. They made it six months. That's insane. Think about how different you had to live your lives just to cope. Everybody is a much more efficient, innovative version of themselves this year because of what we had to deal with. And everybody's ready to run away from it. Everybody's ready to throw it behind them. All that good stuff. Take all that efficiency and that innovation and the growth that you've had in this short time or this weird time and figure out how you're going to maximize it tomorrow. Not January. Not New Year. Every day. Maximize it. Every day. And if you get a couple of people on board, then you can build an army. If you can build an army, you don't want it. You can do a lot of amazing things. All right? And you've got two guys right here that are going to go to war for you. Two guys right here that are going to go to war for you. I've got some kids in my club some days that come from practices. They didn't learn one wrestling move. Their wrestling practice is our practice. I've got a kid on my team. He's the only kid on his wrestling team. He doesn't have a team. He doesn't have a coach. I'm his high school wrestling coach. I imagine he's the only guy in this room every day. People have done a lot more or a lot less. And that kid is one of the hardest working kids I've got because he appreciates the fact that he can come into a room and get better at wrestling. All right? So take some inventory of your life. Understand how privileged. Understand how grateful. And understand how many opportunities you have to be great. You have an amazing opportunity to be great because you've got amazing support systems. All right?  Whoever paid for you to be here. If they're here, go find one. Sincerely thank them for giving you an opportunity to be great today. And yesterday. There's no small and big opportunities in life. The opportunity to grow is opportunity to grow. When you start weighing, being small is when you start missing out. Okay? So you're going to pick up your phone or you're going to find them physically and appreciate, tell them how much you appreciate being a catalyst for you to be great. Secondly, you're going to spend some time and not thinking about where you want to go and what you want to do with this team and this sport and the rest of your high school career. And take some accountability and ownership about it. And do it. Just do it. Just do it. Like I said, when people are telling you you're crazy, smile at them because you know you're doing it right. If you're doing it on another level, people don't want to be a part of or can't commit to, smile. You know you're doing it right. When you're working too much and you're too zeroed in, you're too focused, know you're doing it right. All right? Hey, great today. You guys just scratched a tiny, teeny bit of the surface on what you guys are capable of doing. All right? Like I said, look back 20 years from now and say, hey, we started that foundation. We started that foundation. We didn't win much. All right? But we started that foundation. We built that foundation so those kids who came along 10 years later that won five state titles in a row, we helped start that and take pride in that. All right? And maybe you come back and help out with the program. All right? Maybe you invest back into this thing that you started the foundation of. There's no limit to it. There's no limit to it. Just get in the trenches and go. Understand? All right. Great job. Got to stay in touch with me. Let me know how you're doing. I know I'm going to stay in touch with the coaches. Hey, but just don't let this be two days where we just did some wrestling moves. Let it be two days that change a little bit of the trajectory of where you want to be as a human being down the road. All right? We don't appreciate that enough. We don't have enough gratitude for opportunities to change the trajectory of our lives and where we want to go. All right? A lot of you guys want to do great things. You just need to put the energy in the right direction. Do it. Start forcing that energy in the right direction. Great job. Great job. Great job.


And now let's take a look at the Past Perfect Continuous Tense. We'll obviously be talking about the past. We'll be talking about two actions, and here we'll be focusing on the fact that one of those actions had been continuing at another point in the past. In order to form this tense, what we need are two auxiliary verbs. We need our auxiliary verb have conjugated into the past, so it turns to had. We use our auxiliary verb be with our present participle form of the main verb, which is obviously the verb plus ing, and be being conjugated into the past as well. So for positive sentences, we would start with our subject here. It's sue. Sue had been cooking. Our negative sentence would be sue had not been cooking. And in order to ask our question again that inversion of the subject and had, so it comes out had sue been cooking.


Hi guys, I'm Machu K. I represent Wverify, an ad verification company. I am glad to be here. Thank you for having access for setting up this phenomenal forum. Programmatic is what the future is. And we spoke about the cookies, which is going to be imminent. And how do we tackle that problem? How do we help the entire ecosystem migrate from cookie-full world to the cookie-less world? Very insightful discussion. And what are you rooting out for in 2023 then? 2023 will be a year of attention, so measuring attention because consumers are thrown with thousands of ads on a daily basis. How marketers can grab their attention, how can they measure and how can they optimize their attention is going to be a big trend for the next year.


ng if you read those drafts. You're welcome to email. Any of us at any time. The easiest way to get to all five of us is to get to the whole council with an email is to email the email address town council at Amherst m a dot go and that is emailed to all 13 counselors along with I believe our town clerk Athena and I believe our town manager is on that email too. And so that reaches a lot of people and it would reach all five committee members here along with Michelle and the rest of the counselors so that they can read your comments. We do have that engage Amherst webpage it does have a survey on it right now that survey does not have an end date right now. It is still getting about 20 responses a day if not more it has received about 200 responses in the last two weeks. I will do my best to regularly update being regularly have published a, a summary, well the full set of responses to that survey on a regular basis, depending on how frequently comments come in depends on how frequently that will be updated on the site so that the community can read those responses. And you're welcome to come to all of our meetings we tend to meet on the second and fourth Thursdays of the month at 430pm. They are on zoom until at least September, and then the council will decide how else we're doing the meetings. So we hope to in September have another community forum that will have different questions probably and different time options and opportunities to respond and talk to us about the work we've been doing since now until then that may be September that maybe October we don't have a date yet. We'll be figuring that out later. And so we thank you I see Michelle's got her hand up so before I finish off this agenda, I will recognize Michelle. I have a quick question and wondering I know this is something you might not have an answer for now but do we have a paper survey available and being distributed anywhere either at town hall or in the library or somewhere else. And do we have a way to translate the survey. I know for some other surveys that are out there right now there are numbers that you can call if you need translation and so maybe that's something that we can discuss on Thursday at our meeting. Yeah, let's discuss that on Thursday I do not believe we've created a paper version of it. So I think the answer to that one right now is there is not. But we can discuss how we might be able to create a paper version. And I do not know about the translation because I do not know whether engage Amherst has sort of an, because we've created the survey through the engage Amherst bang the table platform, and I don't know what capabilities that platform has for the translation so I can't actually answer that question right now but it's certainly something to bring up at Wednesday's meeting we do have an agenda item about outreach and so it would fully fall into that agenda item for discussion. Pat. Yes, the website, the town website can has a language click area at the bottom of the calendar, and that you can and it has a list of languages. There is some trouble some people are able to access the survey in Spanish and some people are not. So it has something to do with the server and I'm trying to get that information from Brianna. Thank you for that clarification Pat. Anything else. Seeing none while we've got people here, the only announcement on our agenda is on September 8 we actually have a continued public hearing but it's not related to residential rental bylaw it is on flood maps so if you're really interested in our flood maps and where are various streams what the floodplains are for them, come to the hearing on September 8. We don't have any anticipated items and so Pat you've still got your hand up before I formally adjourn. I want to make sure that that was that was residual with that thank you all for attending thank you to Athena for being here tonight and taking the minutes for the meeting and making sure it's recorded and has closed caption. With that we are adjourned at 955pm. Thank you everyone. Yeah, thank you. Thank you. Good night.


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The holidays aren't just about receiving gifts under the tree, but spending time with loved ones. Members of Fleet Activity's Sasebo's first-class petty officer association hosted a children's holiday party to bring Christmas joy to Sasebo. We are in a remote area. We're not in the United States where we're able to be around other people and our close family. So this is kind of our family away from the family. So we just decided to bring a little Christmas to Sasebo. The event included games, a bouncy house, and cookie decorating. But any holiday party wouldn't be complete without an appearance from good old Saint Nick. I like the smile on my kid's face when Santa comes or just the excitement that he gets when that Christmas is coming soon. The FC POA put in hours of hard work to help the children feel closer to home for the holidays. Petty Officer Gabriel Cotico, Fleet Activity's Sasebo, Japan.


Hello, hello, is this thing on? Oh, it is, it is, excellent. All right, welcome everyone, thanks for coming. My name is Ted Young. I'm the lead on persistence at Cloud Foundry. A year ago, I came and spoke at this conference about a proposal to add persistence to Cloud Foundry. And I'm happy to say today that we've gone and done it. So I'd like to welcome onto stage my co-workers, Promote Manageri from IBM Research and Paul Warren from EMC. And we're going to talk to you about the persistence options we've added to Cloud Foundry today and the ones that are coming soon. All right, Promote. Good morning, everybody. A quick outline for today's talk. First, we'll talk about why we need persistence for CF applications, by this I mean native persistence. We'll back it up with a few use cases that we have come across from multiple customer scenarios and multiple application use cases. We'll follow it up with the architecture we came up with and then go to a couple of walkthroughs for WordPress and one sample big data analytics application and follow it up with futures and comments. So Cloud Foundry is a very good runtime for web applications built using the 12-factor paradigm. CF runtime manages application instances. It actually manages cells and VMs and deploys the application instances in isolated containers using build packs. There is a fMural file system available inside a container which is at the disposal of the application, but as the name suggests, it's fMural. There are no guarantees on this file system. This is local to the container. If you have multiple instances of your application, chances are they're deployed in different cells and this local fMural storage is not shareable across instances, so there's no common namespace. The only way to do state persistence in Cloud Foundry today is via the services route. You have a bunch of different types of services available in Cloud Foundry today. There are relational services like DB2, Oracle. There are no SQL engines like Cloudant. There are also the object storage services like Swift, which you can use for persistence. But the key point to note here is the services themselves don't run on Cloud Foundry runtime. They run on other runtimes externally or directly on infrastructures. If you look at the current model and if you try to look at typical legacy applications which have a lot of file system dependencies in them, porting them to Cloud Foundry is not a trivial task. Eliminating all types of file system dependencies in your code is quite complicated and often you'll end up probably rewriting, you're better off rewriting the entire application code from scratch, but this is not always feasible for all application scenarios. And when it comes to 12-factor conformance, achieving the last mile of 12-factor conformance is the most crucial or non-trivial part and that makes porting existing legacy applications to Cloud Foundry really an arduous task. Further, most applications use a lot of third-party dependencies and libraries which have been accrued over time for different purposes and eliminating file system dependencies from them is often a non-starter for porting applications to Cloud Foundry. The other type of applications or composite applications nowadays are composed of multiple microservices each deployed on different runtimes. You might have some microservices running on Cloud Foundry and some others running on infrastructure providers directly and in these cases, porting existing data sets which are the heart of all these applications becomes a very arduous task and this is unstructured data and it's not always possible to API file this data and file system is the only common way of sharing data across them. You could potentially do a ETL phase where you transform all the file system related data to objects or no SQL, but this is often a very arduous task. And often, not all data is suitable for no SQL or object or DV backends and it's so unstructured that it file system is the best choice for actually maintaining this data. Further, it's not just a matter of doing a one-time ETL at the beginning of your deployment phase. Chances are that since your deployment strides across multiple runtimes, you need to be in a constant cycle of doing this ETL on a day-to-day basis. So if your data changes in one runtime, you need to again do an ETL from file system to objects or no SQL engines and ingest it into Cloud Foundry and then actually consume it in your Cloud Foundry applications. So it's not a one-time ETL process. It's a very constant process for a lot of applications and this is a nightmare and such applications typically cannot be ported to Cloud Foundry today. There's however one alternative to overcome these limitations. That's basically by using Fuse-enabled file systems. So what you do in this case is you use a space file systems like SSHFS and actually mount remote file systems into the container directly. By doing this, you can access external remote storage in file systems and your applications don't need to eliminate all file system dependencies and they can be readily ported to Cloud Foundry. But however, this comes with a bunch of challenges. First and foremost is security. What typically happens is when you're trying to do a Fuse mount inside a container, your container needs to be running in privileged mode. Otherwise, containers don't support mount commands. So this is often a non-starter because running containers in privileged mode opens you up to a lot of security challenges in a provider runtime. The second challenge is that of concurrency. When you're doing Fuse mounts and if you're mounting the same file system across multiple containers, there is no consistency guarantees that are achievable in such systems. Third important point is that of performance. Since you're using a user space file system, it cannot match the native file system access that you can get from traditional file systems. So these limitations make the Fuse-based systems non-starter for quite a few situations. With all these in mind, we started designing capabilities in the runtime to support cluster file systems and different types of persistence mechanisms and Paul will take us through the design of this. Yeah, thanks for making it. So design goals, let's have a look at those. We knew right up front that we weren't going to build hooks for all of the storage systems out there and neither did we want to. So primary design goal was to be open and extensible in the solution that we provided. We also decided for a couple of reasons to surface this through the standard service broker semantics and model. Two main reasons there really was we wanted to be familiar just like attaching any other service to your app. And secondly, we know that even with the same category, all of these storage systems have subtleties to the way they work. So we wanted the app developer to be cognizant of the type of volume that he was attaching to. And obviously we wanted to solve that security problem that Promo talked about. So we wanted to be able to do this so that the containers didn't need to run with any special elevated privileges but they could still mount volumes. So implementation, how do we actually solve that? We're looking in the community, there was no standard body out there for volume mounting but Docker had done quite a lot of work in this area and having a look at their stuff, they had a fairly nice volume API and a nice ecosystem of volume drivers being written to that API. So we decided to take the Docker volume plugin and implement a volume manager to that. Service broker was pretty good as is, didn't really need to make any changes to that apart from in one area where we just extended a little bit so that it could incorporate volume mount instructions. In Diego, we only had to change for the first phase anyway in a couple of areas. One, we had to add a little bit of volume information to Diego so that the auctioneer could be a little bit clever about where it placed apps on cells. Clearly we don't want it to place an app on a cell that doesn't have the right volume drivers for the type of volume that the app needs to mount to. And secondly, we actually had to obviously make Diego do the mounting itself in a couple of respects. It needs to mount onto the cell firstly and then it needs to mount, take that volume and mount it into the container. Picture paints a thousand words, so let's have a look at that. Here's a rather simplified version of the Cloud Foundry architecture. Don't pick me up on this, it's simplified. So let's see what bits we added. First and foremost, obviously we've got the storage sitting outside of Cloud Foundry. Some sort of volume service, okay. Could be EMC scale IO for block. Could be EMC isolons 1FS for NFS stuff. Could be IBM spectrum scale. We actually chose to implement a reference implementation, so there's something that works out of the box and we chose CEP for that because it provided what we needed from day one and actually provided a little bit of stuff for us moving forward. As I said, we surfaced this through the standard service broker semantics. So we front that with some sort of volume specific service broker. Okay, that like provides, I think in modern lingo, that provides the control plane for the storage system. Then added a volume manager onto each cell and we call this thing Volman. And that doesn't actually really talk to the storage systems, right, open and extensible. So we add volume drivers, we co-locate volume drivers onto the cell at the point you install Cloud Foundry and those things, as we've already talked about, exposed via the Docker volume API. So the Volman talks to those things using the Docker volume API calls. So those are the pieces we add. How does it really work? Again, reinforcing the point that we, just another service, right, but it's a little bit of a special service. Okay, so your developer needs to bind his app to some volumes. He just issues the same CF create call, right? Cloud Controller receives that and it forwards it onto the volume specific service broker, the one that can handle that. And that does whatever it needs to do to create an instance, a service instance. In our reference implementation for CEP for a couple of reasons, we just made it do something really dumb. So it creates a top level folder named using the service ID, but we envisage production versions of this doing something slightly more sophisticated than that, obviously. Then, when you actually wanna bind it, you just issue a CF bind call, Cloud Controller receives that, forwards that onto the volume specific service broker. The best way to think about this is that in response, the volume specific service broker issues one or more volume mount instructions back to Cloud Foundry. Cloud Foundry then takes them and does a couple of things. First thing it does is BBS talks to volume manager and the volume manager talks to the volume specific driver on the cell to perform the actual mount onto the VM, onto the cell itself. And then secondly, whoops, wrong way. And then secondly, BBS instructs garden to take that volume mount we just did at cell level and mount it into the container that's gonna host the app that you're pushing. And that's pretty much it. So you can see it's a fairly simple picture, but whilst it's simple, we think that this thing cases for all of the current use cases and all of the future use cases we've got moving forward. I'm gonna hand you over to Ted who's gonna talk a little bit about those. Yeah. Thanks, Paul. So let's look at a couple of specific examples to really drive home how this works exactly the same way other services work. So let's talk about blank storage. This is the most obvious example. You have an application. Let's say it's a large WordPress application. You have a very high traffic blog. And you'd like to use WordPress on Cloud Foundry, but you'd like to use it the way WordPress was intended to be used, which is to have a site administrator be able to install themes and plugins directly through the admin panel, rather than having a developer do that for them. You'd also like to dynamically scale the write load. In other words, it's not enough just to cache the responses from WordPress. You also have a lively comics comment session, maybe a forum, something that has a write load that can spike. You'd like to be able to scale horizontally. So Cloud Foundry allows you to do that, provided you have a distributed file system in your service marketplace. So if we look at pushing WordPress and then creating a CephFS service that attaches to it and then scaling WordPress up, you can see it works like any other service. And if we focus on the calls we're specifically making to the service broker, you can see we're calling Create Service with a premium plan. There's some storage-specific options here, but these are specific to this service. So it wants to know which storage tier you'd like. Do you want SSD or spinning platters? Do you want any kind of out of band backup to be happening? This particular service broker provides nightly backups, so we're turning that on. And then when you bind it to your application, you're asking the service broker to bind it to a specific mount point within your application. So for WordPress, that's the WP content directory. That's where all the themes and plugins go in. Then you start WordPress and then you scale it and it works just like usual. Let's go through another example. So this is an example of working with an external dataset. So to set this up, imagine you have satellite images and every day new satellite images come into your system and you've been doing this for years and those images are stored on a variety of storage back ends. The oldest stuff is still on tape drive. You've got things in EMC Isilon. You've got something new maybe that you're rolling out tomorrow that you're gonna add to that cluster. And currently your developers have to know where these things live if they wanna access them. And you'd like to move those data processing workloads on the Cloud Foundry, but you can't move all of them on the Cloud Foundry. Some of them still need to be running in virtual machines or in some older backend. So how would you do that? Well you do it with a custom service broker. So if we're pushing an image processor app to Cloud Foundry and then binding it to our satellite image service broker and we look at the options that we're talking about when we bind to that service broker, we're saying we wanna bind to the daily snaps snapshots. We're interested in some image sets, specifically we're interested in the four band images and the multi-spectrum images for this particular use case. And then when we bind it to our application, we're giving it a top-level data path, but our expectation is it's going to mount multiple things under that. It's going to mount the ingestion data, the input and read-only mount. It's going to mount the output somewhere else and then possibly mount some local scratch space in which to do our ETL workload. Then we start our image processor and we're off to the races. Now notice there was nothing in this create service or bind service call where I talked about what type of service was running back there. I'm not talking about please mount this thing from this Isilon cluster, please mount this thing from the tape drive. As the application developer, you don't really care about those details. You just care about I want the four band daily snapshots and so the service broker is capable of isolating all of that information from the application developer because ultimately it's the thing that's in charge of the volume mounts. So I think this shows that this clean separation using service brokers really allows you to continue operating up at the domain level rather than delving into the implementation details of how the service actually works. All right, so let's talk about the future. We've talked about distributed file systems and that's what we have available today but there's two other kinds of storage that we're looking at. One is local scratch space and the other is single attach volumes. So what is local scratch space? Well, you have ephemeral space available to your app but that's running on a layered file system in kind of a shared environment and it's not necessarily all that performant for heavy read write workloads and you might be running an environment where you have better dist available and you like to make those available specifically to the apps that have these heavy read write workloads. So we plan on extending the Docker volume plug and interface to allow drivers to advertise local resources and to have Diego be able to take advantage of them. So in this case, every new instance would get a new volume whenever it spun up and when the application instance is spun down that volume would be reaped and recycled. So there would be no permanent data but there would be temporary scratch space and this works nicely with our current stateless environment. Taking that a step further you have single attach volumes. So this is the same thing as scratch space but you're saying I would like when I start the application instance again for it to reattach to the same piece of data and to have there be a consistent relationship between my app instance and the application data. This is something that we can build from a persistence layer but it's problematic on a couple other layers. Notably, you're now bringing identity and state into the mix onto a platform that's primarily associated with running stateless application logic. So in order to do that, we would need to extend this scheduler to allow for consistency. So a consistent identity can be maintained across restarts. And also you would need to be mounting things that could somehow take advantage of these volumes and mostly what people think about in those cases are databases. But the problem with databases is the ones that people wanna run in production today they don't really cleanly support a separation between DevOps, the person operating the database and CloudOps, the person operating the machine the database is running on pushing CVEs to that things of that nature. So there's a couple other problems that need to be solved beyond just persistence in order to make the single attached volume use case work but we're very interested in that on Cloud Foundry. So you'll see further discussion coming in the future about how we can make that happen. And in fact, the container networking team down in LA is already starting to work on this problem. So to sum up, we currently support distributed file systems we'll soon be adding support for scratch space and then we eventually hope to support single attached block devices. And that's where we're at. If you have any questions feel free to ask them at the microphone here or find us after the show.


Mackers have made me a secret meal and when you go to the drive-thru if you say this you'll get a sever meal Here's how it goes down. Can I get a hi-yah? So does someone ask for a hoi-ya? Yep. You know? Yep. Hoi-ya? He knows. Thank you sir. Thank you. So this is what you get. Spicy marinated sauce and 24 nuggets with a sprite. No sugar, no ice because we need more room for the juice. You know what I mean? So come to McDonald's, go through drive-thru and say can I get a hoi-ya? And that's what you get. No cap. Give it a go.


Hi everyone, Sean with jaspyscasebreaks.com here doing 2016 optic football mega box break random team number four Where we're giving away six spots in? 2018 NT first off the line one box break coming up next So the way this works 32 spots no vet commonship at the end of the break will take all 30 custom 32 customers names Randomize them top six names each win a spot in 2018 NT one box football first off the line random team break So here is our customer list from Daniel Gutenplan down to Joseph falsetti with last spot mojo and The teams from the Cardinals down to the Washington football team dice roll to randomize both lists and pair them up separate dice roll separate randomizer at the end of the break for the giveaway spots four and a six ten times 10th and final time from Michael Higgins down to Don McCray Ten times on the randomizer ten times on the dice now ten times on the teams 10th and final time Saints down to Broncos Ten times You so no trade window on this. Let's make it big enough so everybody can see We're not gonna read through every single one of them. We'll go through some of the highlights on there saints Michael Thomas Michael Higgins See Maari Cooper, maybe the Maari Cooper 2016 Potentially Raiders William Hawkins. I think Vikings. I think Dalvin cook Chargers Joey Bosa. Where's Cowboys at? Cowboys prep Dak and Zeke Rams Jared Goff They that's all on screen So let's print this out. I do Stephen. I definitely hope they blow this game Well, you can't really say it's a blown game either way like the 3-2 lead. It's not That's not a lock at all. You know what I mean? Okay, so here's the final list Joseph falsetti with last spot mojo Eagles and Seahawks. I don't know Stephen, but he did get that That DWI or DUI So the supposed DUI he did get that leaving a meeting with the angels The higher ups with the angels Maybe he's having flashbacks right now take the walk Work the walk Chris Jones rookie hollow for the Chiefs Don McCrae Robert and Deci rookie hollow for the Cardinals Steve Birch Josh Dotson rated rookie hollow for the Washington football team Connor Sherman Rashad Higgins rated rookie hollow for the Browns and David Lee Kelvin Taylor rookie hollow for the 49ers Daniel Gutenplan James Bradbury rookie hollow for the Panthers Steve Birch Mike Evans hollow Tampa Bay David Lee Ashawn Robinson hollow rookie for the Lions Adam Levy Austin Hooper Falcons rated rookie Don McCrae Jalen Smith rated rookie for the Cowboys Steve Birch Eddie Lacey hollow for the Packers Shawn Maddock Miles Jack rated rookie hollow for the Jaguars and William Hawkins Derek Watt rated rookie hollow for the Chargers Nick Stover and Dak Cowboys Steve Birch Trevor Davis Relic for the Packers Shawn Maddock LeCuan Treadwell rated rookie hollow for the Vikings Nick Stover Xavier and Howard rated rookie or not rated rookie but rookie hollow for the Dolphins Don McCrae and Tyler Boyd For the Bengals Daniel Gutenplan and there you go. That's the break now Let's give away those spots in first off the line So back over here to the list Take the lead Daniel Gutenplan back down the Joseph falsetti last spot mojo do dice roll top six names after two and a one three times Top six two and a one three times. Good luck one two and Third and final time So from spots seven down to 32. Thank you guys very much for getting in on this break And hopefully I can do better for you on a future randomizer, but special congratulations and thank you to Steve Birch Daniel Gutenplan William Hawkins William Hawkins Joseph falsetti last spot mojo and Steve Birch Top six names each into the First off the line break coming up right now Three times on the randomizer three times in the dice and that wraps it up That was 2016 optic football mega box break random team number four from jaspercasebreaks.com. I'm Sean jaspercasebreaks.com Thanks for hanging out. We'll see you next time


Hello, thank you for joining me. I've just arrived in my larder in Peterlea. Peterlea is a new town in County Durham We're here in this housing estate. The reason I've brought you to this housing estate is because there's something quite exciting down here So leave the car there Walk down through these bungalows and get a bit of a surprise. There is some Not sure if it's called it architecture or art or both really. I really like it. It's not everyone's cup of tea But as we come down to here There's a lake in front of us a stream dug out into a lake and then straddling the lake We have this concrete beast. It's known as the Apollo Pavilion It was designed by the architect Victor Palsmaus. It's also known as Palsmaus Pavilion So if you look around the houses you see this is the Peterlea new town It was originally planned by Lebeckin but his designs turned down so various other architects got involved This is how the houses was originally looked with a flat roof But as we'll see soon some of them have had a pitch roof In fact, I can show you with one of these bungalows here have had a pitch roof put on and because I suppose flat roof You know they let water in sometimes when they get old if you look on this bungalow here See how on the Gable End there's a clear line where there's newer brickwork, but the main thing of course we have come here to see is this pavilion I think it's really cool It's just a great piece of Brutalist like I said art stroke architecture doesn't really serve a purpose other than it's just here And it's I like it. It's different. It's a great two-star listed building It had you know been threatened with demolition all through the 90s and finally In around 2009 it was awarded a great two-star listed building It's one of only about four buildings in the northeast to have that high level of protection So the lake comes to here Which gives us all sorts of reflections So we're gonna walk under here And then there's a another section of water Walk under there afterwards We've been up here first and then you can see there's a waterfall and the stream goes off there like a giant water slide But let's now go Here we can't actually go into the middle of it We can certainly we'll go up here and have a look at the you can see how it was Cast so it's like this section was cast this section's part cast a bit like Making a giant Lego set except you've made the bricks as you did it and then there we go you get a view looking through So yeah, it's a shame we can't go in I really would have liked to have gone in there But we get a good look around the rest of the building. I think what we'll do just go down here That's interesting to see this what looks like Sticking out just for the sake of actually holding a light in there So that has kind of got a purpose, but the fun thing about this architecture is some you know parts of it Don't like they just stick out For fun, but yes, it's different and exciting and like I say it's my I don't know if Attractive is the word. It's kind of ugly, but ugly in a nice way. I like it Let's go down this winding path down here, which looks like this path is only here Just to take you to somewhere to have a look Look at that stream. It's like a there's more water. It looks like a giant water slide Take me away from the pavilion And then I said more houses must be quite sort of strange and exciting living here, you know, you live there That's your house That's your neighbor so the stream Goes off down there See it's just below us And it winds its way up up to the waterfall the concrete waterfall of the pavilion We'll do now. Well, then we'll go another Look closer. Like I said, I'd like to take you upstairs and I think the problem is in the past it has had a few problems of antisocial behavior and So that's probably why they close it off But you know, at least we can go through it it could have been demolished So easily in the 90s as so many brutalist structures did and the fact that this one, you know It's not like people lived or worked in it is just here You know, it doesn't really have a purpose other than just being Something to look at and for people like me to come and make a video of that's kind of its main Purpose really just to be It does look a bit like the sort of thing I've made out of Lego though when I was a child Just doesn't have water in my Lego This bit feels a bit like being in an old story carpark somewhere. It does remind me a little bit It's not the same market it but of the Tri-Con Center in Portsmouth, which was a brutalist shopping center Which unfortunately was demolished in 2004 So I've got this piece sticking out here and There's a light in it, but really I think that bit up there is there purely just for decoration The only actual paintings on it that I believe original is see that oval funny-shaped mural again That just adds to the abstracts of the building That's interesting up there Not sure what it is, but there's something there Don't think that's a light that one. It might be a drinking fountain. Unfortunately. We can't go up to look There's some information here on it though. It says Apollo Pavilion by Victor Parsmore in 1969 for one various awards, Civic Trust Award So walk through here on to this Cobble floor and then there's the Lake again. I don't know if there's any fish in there in the lake. I'm not too sure. It might be We get another view. It's nice now I like how the sun's shining on it and you get those all the different grays just like every shade of gray Seems to be in there and this this funny thing here. This is a another abstract statue this here This was also designed by the same architect and here's the other Painting which I believe to be original. So that's also part of the building There's another one of those things. I was guessing it was a drinking fountain, but since it's one on this side I can't exactly go there for a drink. So not too short though If anyone knows if it serves the purpose or is it purely just part of the abstract of the building then do comment And let me know So what I'm gonna do now, I'm going to Head into town find a pub for dinner. I've enjoyed coming out here somewhere I've always known about and just never got round to Visiting but soon as I'm up in the northeast this weekend for the IFA event So if you may have seen the video I did at North Road Station at Darlington where we were joined by a future bounce and a walk There will be more videos coming from this weekend. There'll be more Eastern block cars But I just thought I'd come down here to do this bit. Seeing as I was so close I just yeah couldn't resist coming to see this pavilion. Look at it now. I think that's really cool It's um, I don't I still don't quite know what to make of it and other than I like it. It's different It's here, you know for the sake of being here Luckily, it wasn't demolished like it so easily could have been like so many brutalist buildings have been only some brutalist buildings Aren't worth saving and you can't save everything, but this this is a building I think really should have been saved it has been saved So I'm really happy about that and we can come and enjoy it So, you know if you're ever up here in Peter Lee if you're, you know, maybe going up to the north Why not call in here have a look at it as I did and Marvel of this brutalist wonder we have here in Peter Lee So thank you very much for watching. Please do feel free to like subscribe and comment and from this Very different unusual whatever you want to call it pavilion. Goodbye


with you Yankees go down to Atlanta and beat the Braves tonight by a final count of five to one we went into this knowing each team was riding a nine game winning streak playing really good baseball but the Yankees continue their winning ways. It's amazing the couple of months ago we would have said there's no way this Yankee team could win 10 games in a row. But now the way they are playing and most importantly getting the big hits and big opportunities during games you can see why they're winning starting pitching has been fantastic the bullpen has straightened itself out. For me tonight's ball game was all about two out hitting standing in the sixth inning with the big double then you have Sanchez in the eighth inning both of those hits with two outs Jack. I think early on in the year we're talking about this lineup not getting the big hit in the big spot. You can't say that anymore no you can't say that anymore but you can say that they've been the best team in baseball now for about a seven week period that game was thorough it was impressive and it was expected. That's the thing about the way the Yankees are playing right now. They've won 10 games in a row and they feel like they absolutely should go out there and win the 11th game in a row tomorrow. I thought Montgomery had to grind his way through five innings tonight but he did well when the Braves had runners on base they were 0 for 7 with runners on base and we talked on the pregame about looking for Boone to be aggressive with his bullpen and aggressive with Jonathan Loisica. That's exactly what happened. I thought his two innings were pivotal and then Peralta picks up an inning Chapman picks up an inning. I think that's the thing about the Yankees are playing right now they've won 10 games in a row and then Peralta picks up an inning and the Yankees say oh ho


Broadband can really be a catalyst for digital health transformation because it's building the road for all the digital health applications to be able to run properly and be employed at scale. If we look to digital health as an enabler we can really have very bold and big ambitions because digital health not only can generate data to build the health system stronger but it can also help to expand access for patients in remote areas to increase quality of care by centralizing expertise for example and then coaching health workers who are less skilled in remote areas. And last but not least very importantly to empower patients to take more responsibility in the management of their own health. I would love to see the ministries of health, ministries of telecommunication, ICT talk together more because that's often the problem that each ministry in the countries is working in silos. So the ministry of health sees the need for using digital health on the ground while the ICT minister or telecommunication minister may not see how it can be deployed. And when the two ministries work together digital health can really have a transformational impact on the population of the country. Intersectoral collaboration is really necessary in making broadband and digital health having a transformative impact on the health of the whole population. If we don't have the different sectors involved health care only cannot solve the problem and we need telecommunication, we need ICT expertise to be built into the solutions that we bring to improve the health of populations. So those sectors need to talk more together to make sure that that can work.