Thank you all for that and I got so Excited thanking John who's moved. I forgot to do something very important and that is John is the one who kind of keeps things together But there's a staff of a couple of dozen folks or so. I've asked to come into this room. Would you all stand up? They're the ones who did this come on. Let's give it up for them Who's name didn't even get in the program book because he came on fairly late But whose work you're about to see is a young man named Logan Schilling law I think I got that right Logan Schilling law the fourth who's been videoing for us and we want to look for just a second at The video that he has made showing us your great faces faces and hearing your great words and after that Kevin's gonna come up and Tell us what's next. I am very optimistic and and hopeful about this space I see a lot of innovators who are coming up with game-changing ideas and applying Really new entrepreneurial approaches to old problems. I just see terrific new ideas. I see Inspired and inspiring entrepreneurs And I see you know many investors who want to help make their ideas happen One of the things that's going well is that this concept of how you drive systems change is getting more traction There's more conversation about what it means to make a difference not just by investing in one company or even 10 companies that are in a Particular area, but how do they relate to each other? How do you know that you're driving systems change? So now I think we're kind of going beyond just sort of Ideas and really getting things in the market that have scalability And real impact on a very large level. So that's been very exciting There's also been much more capital freed up in this space as there have been more and more proof points in the market So I think that's really encouraging. So it's been exciting to see the increasing trend towards effective layering of capital Really applying binoculars to the valley of death and making sure we understand the growth path of social enterprises And even as tonic and early-stage network of being able to be really thoughtful about how we can work with other partners Up and down to support those enterprises over time There's quite a lot of adoption that's taken place and the curve has been really steep in a really positive way things are happening And people are getting it and buying in with it It demonstrates that the real market is developing that social capital markets aren't just a concept But actually becoming a reality. You're seeing the deployment of not just thousands of dollars or even hundreds of thousands But literally millions of dollars of capital. So we're seeing a lot of connection I think that's really what the positive thing is and that has been really invaluable to me in So many ways because I work in my loft in my home and so many times you're like, how do I fix this problem? But when you have the community that says I've tried and talked to tackle that this way have you thought about this? So that's been the positive trend that I see. I think we're doing a great job being a big tent sector We're bringing in community development organizations in appalachia and tech investors in Ahmedabad, India who wouldn't have previously thought of themselves as impact investors I think that the thousands of people here who either want to work in the sector or have a venture or Just trying to figure out what's going on. It gives me a ton of hope I see a lot of new really interesting and exciting ideas coming up into this space New approaches for doing things and really just a paradigm shift in how we're approaching Some of these old problems and I think it's going to take that kind of energy innovation and passion to To to change the world. Yeah, Kevin. We know we turn it off I mean, we've been watching it for three days now and I mean, I was speaking to Logan the videographer early And he told Chris you can turn back Kevin's mic now. Okay So we were we were talking to I was talking to Logan. Yeah, he kind of told me there was a different story There's a different story. Yeah Another side show me the other side. When exactly movie. Okay. You want to see the movie? I want to see the movie Yeah, all right Peter could you load the other movie? Do you want the other movie? Yeah, I'm okay. Yeah, sure You tell me when it's ready Yeah, yeah, it's ready. Yeah, okay. Okay So I have an odd fear And thought about the challenges and it is that people will not Fully grasp the possibility they have to get where we need to go requires a major acceleration And it means taking this much more seriously and moving the ball in a much more Intent filled way The other concern is Um, I don't believe there's proper mechanisms for people to understand how deep their investments are going And so there's not that the feedback channels haven't really been perfected So that we actually know where the money's going and why the thing is how do you monetize a lot of this stuff? A lot of times I don't even know Monetization of these impacts is even possible So then what are you gonna do are you gonna accept qualitative measures? What makes me fearful is a lot of entrepreneurs say there's no money out there A lot of people who want to work in the sector say there are no jobs out there And a lot of investors say there are no deals out there And what we need to do is figure out you you know, you've you've got this potential to do something in this sector And here's here's where it is And I think that that we're not particularly good at making the most of the Unbelievable human capital that wants to get involved in the sector. I think one of the biggest challenges There's still in my opinion too much talking and not enough action I think it's really important that we're setting the right culture As leaders in this space a culture is of doers and a culture that's of getting stuff done And we need to be thinking beyond ourselves There really is a need for more local funding to support our local partners in the market So that's something that we're hoping that as there's more more more and more proof points of these kinds of companies Scaling we're hoping there's more Access to local capital for our partners on the ground My concerns are that scale and investment and the scale of investment In things that happen internationally are very different than they need to be domestically and vice versa And that sometimes, you know, and we've got an apple and orange situation And we're trying to talk about these apples and oranges as if they are one of the same And perhaps they're not I think one of the greatest challenges is getting to scale We have now countless accelerators and incubators Literally hundreds if not thousands of startups and These startups will now truly be tested They've gotten out of the starting block, but now they have to cross the finish line Right now we need to scale that marketplace. So whether that be through Attracting new investment opportunities and new investors into the space I think it's important to build a community that's honest about what's working and what's not working So we can build a Culture that it thrives on lessons learned and on moving forward rather than In being quiet about things that aren't working as well as we'd hoped In order to learn from failure, we need yes to be telling stories But also stories about failure which are not that common in this space But we need to collect data in order to know The next step is told in order to get to that success And I'm very happy to see in this conference that there is some Reflection going on as to whether equity and venture Are the best model to really support entrepreneurs Okay. Well, there are multiple sides to the story. Um, I need some help responding to this and talking about where we go next rosalie Helping here. What what do you think we should do? Well, you don't have the answers to I know I think I know I just produced conferences I don't know. Why don't you get somebody up on the stage? The answers are in the room I think I'm going to call some people up to help me answer these questions And respond to what's happening I go off. I'm trying to from one degree solar when you come up here And keely stevenson bamboo finance come up here Alex Sloan from Skoll foundation. Okay, tim forlton From the hub et cetera Peter frickman. Come on up Major carter. Okay, you're right there. Yeah, right and jackie van der broek So we're bringing down the house Okay, so Here we are This is a real place and yet there's a whole lot of challenges What do we do now? What do we do next with all that we've done and all that's in front of us? Jack let's start with you So, um, I think kevin we actually all work together and that's it's some of what you have here You really have created but I'll say The thing that gave me the most hope for the last Three days was that The message that I wanted to give here that that gender Equality and valuing the skills of women and men and the participation of women and men Which actually responded to equally by women and men So Yeah Is to me the room was ready for this and the world is ready The world is ready for this question of how is it that? Valuing the participation the Experiences the realities of different genders and the differences of those Gets us to more impact and more return We need the whole population not half the population working on these challenges. Yeah, that's great. That's great Keely, let me ask you next. What do you do now? What are the proof points and what really resonated with you this week? I think I'm excited. I think there's been a lot of progress I can resonate with a lot of the challenges the last five years have been extremely challenging But the the progress points is the nice thing is this week I haven't heard anyone talking about sort of definitions of what we're doing and and you know Which is you know, not as useful, but you know, there's metrics There's standards in place and there's really great examples of value being created and in And what we're doing in bamboo, you know, there's we've raised 250 million dollars Some of those are from institutional investors like pension funds that never really looked at this kind of thing before There's there's doors opening, you know around the world And you know, we're almost placed all of that money in good social enterprises around the world With there's exits happening one exit and you know, I mentioned earlier when we had a conversation with You know student loan business that we've invested in we're seeing that there's the default rates for student loans are no different With low-income students in Latin America than they are with middle-income students or higher-income students And so some of those perceptions of risk that are keeping money from coming into this space and Powerful ways and keeping change from happening or are melting away I think and it's slow and it's you know, you've got to just roll up your sleeves and And and have that patience to do it Yeah, that's great. So the risk is is The idea of the risk is passing away. Alex Sloan from the Skull Foundation. Tell me what you think So I think we should trust the people in the room here If we can't get it done with these folks then we're doomed, but I have a lot of sense of optimism about it My suggestion is that we each find our place That we measure what we're doing that we share our knowledge and then we manage expectations I have been through other cycles of investing before as many of us have and to over promise Is a very bad thing as an entrepreneur also as an investor I have told more than a few of my limited partners or investors things that I didn't deliver on And so I think managing expectations of how much time it will take what the risk is What the actual return is going to be is a very important thing for us to be rigorous with and honest about So we don't blow this in one cycle, right? So perceptions are risk capacity away, but we know that it takes a long time We know that it takes a long time. Peter, you're an entrepreneur. Tell me about what you're doing and why it matters Sure. So, um My company drip tech makes affordable drip irrigation for small plot farmers in developing countries We've been making progress over the last couple years.  Right at convening to make that progress. Okay, great Major, tell me what hope you have and what you see is the road ahead For me, it was really helpful to be here and And get a chance to talk to a bunch of folks and realize that folks were kind of on the same page that a lot of things Really weren't working and that there was time for a change or just that acknowledgement that maybe there are different ways That we could apply capital to really support people You know, I think in particular domestically was something that you know, it really speaks volumes to me And I was really excited to hear that there was an opportunity for people to recognize that so that we can create models to move forward on it Yeah, great. Thank you You're off. Tell me about what you see Sure Kevin. I actually come from the traditional aid and development community. So I studied development in school I Went on to work for a nonprofit. I did international healthcare work in post conflict Liberia for a few years and I think there are many lessons learned from other investing industries and also from the Traditionals from other excuse me from that wasn't for tonight. I'm not a good bet, but Other industries in the US, but also I think why we're all here and we all are here in order to generate real change and impact in these other countries or within our communities and In in Liberia, we ended up raising Can everyone hear me to keep going? Okay So while in Liberia, we ended up raising quite a bit of money Millions of dollars for Solar energy for health clinics. We had patients showing up at clinics who couldn't be seen after dark They didn't have any electricity childbirth car accidents anything whatever you had you just couldn't be helped and All these millions of dollars were used for solar and Due to impassable roads and lack of Planning and other resources. We just couldn't address this problem and ended up leaving the Not only Liberia, but the traditional development industry and Started accompanying one degree solar. We only have 90 seconds, but this is So one degree solar actually manufacturers very low cost solar energy devices that provide lighting and phone charging and other power to not only clinics schools entrepreneurs, etc but We can do this for hundreds of thousands of dollars of private investment Many most of which actually we've received in inequity through investors that we met at conferences like this actually at SoCAP last year and I think that's what we can all all learn here is that You can raise millions in in grant funding from multilaterals and from the traditional aid community and actually have a faster Longer term or sustainable impact in these countries with private investment and I just want to thank the The conveners for bringing this all together and to make it as possible Thanks, right? Thank you You think you've lined up something uh at at this conference that is the funding to go forward Yeah, okay, great Tim we've been working together a long time. Tell me what you see and what makes you go forward I'd say uh at this conference kevin, um I am continually amazed by just the sheer on ramping of talent Ross baird in the video said this quite quite passionately, but And in that is a real I think a real challenge to the space that we need to not just talk about and nurture and develop our financial capital and instruments and you know layer and all this stuff but we really need to have a great deal of respect and Stewardship and sort of development of our of our human capital or people and uh, but it's amazing I mean like the and I see this at the hub every day. It's one of my kind of my pet passions Where impact assets works out of in san francisco and you know community of 1200 often young social entrepreneurs and innovators that are That are just springing up all over the world in 30 cities already going probably to 300 cities in the next five years And there's just an amazing amount of of um of resources. I think that um that that gives me a lot of hope The way the dna is shifting and and maybe it's a generational thing a sort of millennial, you know Epoch that's coming at us and then you know the dark side of that some people may have heard me say is It's kind of like maybe my change my theory of change is like wait for us to die You know, and that's sort of like well, what do you want to do about the pension funds? I'll wait and we literally just wait for the the blockage to get pushed out of the system and I know that doesn't sound like a positive hopeful thing, but time is on our side as long as we can also deal with the fact that The the poverty and climate change and everything else is about to fall off a cliff and we have to be incredibly impatient so that balancing act And the way that I see that Progressing is um is is kind of where my mind is at right now. Yeah Who else? Yeah, go ahead Alex So so one thing I've been incredibly impressed by is the diversity of the group that comes here and how More and more people that you would not expect Organizations represented that you would not expect are showing up here and in other Gatherings around impact whether it's with a for-profit or a nonprofit point of view I think we're beginning to drop some of the barriers between traditional funding sources and entrepreneurs and technology and development people and Whether we need to be patient or get the hell on with it. I think it's probably the latter You're right though. So I'm encouraged by the collaboration that's possible and that's what at Skoll foundation We're really trying to collaborate as much as we can we've been working with social entrepreneurs our whole existence in 1999 So that's easy We've done a partnership recently with USAID So we're actually working with the US government trying to co-fund social entrepreneurs with innovative solutions around the world We have co-funding partnerships with major co-founders under foundations for profit and non-profit And we're not inventing this We're just trying to model it and to do it as well But I think there's a lot to be learned from each other and if we can drop some of the Traditional reasons to not work together. There's a lot of hope And I think social entrepreneurs are the only way we're going to get anywhere in the world And so we have to fund them and support them and get this done Okay, right Major what resonated with you you talked about you know, you're new to it coming to this kind of gathering You've done greening of the Bronx forever, but what really resonated for you. What what did you see here? What is new here for you? Well, I'm actually not new to coming to conferences like this at all. Um, and uh What is interesting to me is that listen the um, the revolution may not be televised But it definitely needs to be funded and I do think that again what I heard here and what I often actually hadn't heard at a lot of different conferences like this was that There was it didn't seem to be such There seemed to be a lot of like yes, we're really interested in um, you know supporting the needs of of people domestically, but I didn't really see a lot of action come out of that You know, what I'm hoping that comes out of this one in particular is an acknowledgement that You know poverty does exist right here in America And that we need to be supportive of ways that actually really do restore and build our communities in ways that they haven't You know before and um, that's what I'm hoping and that's what I've certainly heard from many of the individual conversations that I've had with lots of people that this is this is this is real and that folks understand that and that You know and it's you're figuring out ways to to fund the You know the folks that are really doing work in communities and domestically is really important Yeah, thanks Somebody else want to add what resonated for them during this week one more thing? Yeah So what resonated for me was the power and watching people take ideas of using a gentleman's into All kinds of different sectors and different places. So I've given gender lens talks at this conference for three years now They've always been in a breakout session and um, I think the number of men usually was somewhere between three and six And so having that conversation in the main stage and then Watching it go throughout the entire conference And so we were talking about sure we were talking about menstruation. We were talking about Family planning, but we were talking about funding them with investment dollars And then we were also talking about energy and we were talking about food and we were talking about The role that men and women play on that and how do we reduce the barriers and how do we see things? So I have people coming back to me and saying that this was really great because this came up in my session here and we Thought about it differently than we had before So it's it's another version of the mainstreaming and I think the systems conversation is the same thing. It's like instead of that just being a Panel breakout it comes in and across everything which again the workshops that you guys did I think allowed that that the going deep and then mainstreaming Yeah And I think I think go ahead One of the things that Kevin and I talk about a lot is that he really looks at things from a systemic perspective and I tend to look at the things from the individual and I don't know whether Kathy's in the room or not I don't really want to shouldn't have singled her out, but at our last staff meeting before we Open the doors for all of you to join us She nearly Lost it. She just started going we got to do this and we got to do this and we got to do this and just like There's no end in sight I don't think I can get everything done and when I look at the problems that y'all look at every day There's no end in sight How do you keep going? What's your personal story about how you keep going stand up? It's a great question because then in the day this community is made up of individuals with their own energy and their own passions and their own sense of hope and then when you you know look around the world that some of the things We're trying to do and you see maybe a or the thing a woman who's having to trade off of Food for her kids or medicine and you know to pay for those things It's it can be hopeless. It can be hard and it's also just hard rigorous work every single day, but at the same time It's intellectually stimulating. It's fun and there's so much personal energy out of just meeting each individual and understanding their story and their relationships and I think for me that The kind of ability to have the resilience and keep going even though you see things are You know, it's long-term Change that we're going to have comes from just knowing that Stranger things have happened In the sense that why not why why shouldn't we be putting our life force into things that are meaningful With people that we care about I spent quite a number of years doing hospice volunteer work and that really shaped the way I think about things So a couple hours a week I would spend in people's homes who had terminal illnesses and they would share these amazing stories with me about their lives Essentially, you know things they regretted things they wish to hope they had done but also things they were really proud of and So much of what I saw here this week about where people are spending their time And and why people are continuing to do this Whether it's been 15 years or they just started a couple of weeks ago is around that It's wanting that your life to have a meaning a purpose and to contribute to something greater in this world And I think that's what keeps me going and a friend told me the other day that really great entrepreneurs have sort of dual ability in their brains to To do two things one is to be extremely impatient and upset and sometimes angry at the way things are So it was going to sort of the the second part of that video And at the same time be really grateful and appreciative and have gratitude for the way things Are and where things have come and people around them And I think for me that that gratitude is what keeps me going and that that beauty and that potential of what's possible So, thank you. Well said Right Yeah, I think you know It's absolutely true that the tasks that we have in front of us are daunting And from an entrepreneurial perspective, it really it can be very solitary And so from the perspective of you know, what keeps you going? How do you how do you kind of Look into the abyss and you know, keep trudging along I say I think there's kind of two two aspects to that one is um The impact you know now we're starting to see impact and I I live in india. I live and I and I work I spend a lot of time in the field with our customers So Seeing the impact is an important part of of staying energized and even just this conference is the second part of being Energized and this type of conference Because community is important if you're in a very solitary role Even if you have a team and even if you're leading that team You still need compatriots and you still need community and you need support and the type of recharge and re Refresh and and re-energy that you get at a conference like this if you're an entrepreneur three manic days of connecting with people and seeing what they're working on and Giving them your ideas and getting their ideas. I think that that is An important part of of Of managing your psychology as as an entrepreneur and against these types of you know, dauntless Tasks That's that's kind of how I manage Similar to peter's comment, I think the the actual Change on the ground and when you see that it makes the The solitary confinement sort of a bit more bearable, but I've been doing I've been an entrepreneur for three years now three a bit more and very much I think the I think where we are now as a company and where I am now as a person is really just a Result of not stopping. I mean there were certainly time there have been times in the past where I'm sure we've all wanted to stop a big deal fell through Somebody quit You can't pay a rent There are other opportunities out there and I think when when it's At the end of the day Traction means something different to us where that means one extra customer and And it's important to not Consider them beneficiaries, but these are people who are making the decision and using their purchasing power to improve their lives so every additional customer we have and that traction that people in this room want to see and and What matters to more traditional investors? I think Makes a big difference to us because we can actually go to the field and see those farmers or see our households or see the Entrepreneurs selling these products and and hear their stories and I think that's incredibly powerful. The second quick thing is The excitement of these conferences and just every interaction because we are small and nimble and can Decide and react and implement very quickly as opposed to a much larger organization or corporation, etc so We have a we have a conversation in a hallway, for example at this sort of conference and next week we can start working on If it makes sense and I think that's sort of opportunity I mean these are we've all heard the numbers, you know 1.3 billion without power 2.5 billion and all the issues are huge and I think the more interactions we have and more ideas that are actually exchanged and makes it more exciting because They're still out there There hasn't been an idea that has Truly scaled and wiped out these problems. So Let's keep talking and it's been three days of talking, but it's clearly not enough because these issues are still out there. So Thank you This has been great one anyone else want to say one more thing major I'm a very blessed woman and I know it. You know, I'm from a particular american ghetto, but their ghetto is all over this country That's what keeps me going um, you know, I would like to think that What I heard what I what I said and what What I heard coming back to me from folks was not just that I was just this happened to be this inspirational speaker that you heard but that I was actually a woman with a plan You know for how to change, you know pieces of this world that desperately need it So that's what keeps me going because I could have been I could have had a very very different faith than the one that I had And so for that that is the reason why I will come to places like this and give you ways in which you can Invest your dollars and so that you really create the kind of change that you know is possible in our lifetimes That's what keeps me going and I'm sure that's what keeps the rest of us going up here too Because we're trying to create some change and could use a little help doing so


Note that the epsilon term is not a part of this equation, because this is the linear regression estimate. Like I said before, epsilon is independent of x, and cannot be determined by regression analysis. So, in other words, even if we were to somehow create a perfect linear regression model, it would still have some error epsilon. For this reason, it is also known as the irreducible error. In order to estimate these coefficients, we want to minimize the difference between the actual value y and the predicted value by the model y hat for every sample x. This difference is called the residual error, E. Now don't confuse this residual error E with the irreducible error epsilon. By definition, epsilon is a part of the residual error.


Okay, hello humans. Are you in there? So What's going on today first? Let me check who three people are here already. Whoa. That was quick. I just turn this on anyway. I Don't have anything Super philosophical and amazing to talk about today. Mostly.  I May not cutting not cutting everything but like cutting it into slabs So I can bring it to my lumber mill then cut the the important Dimensions and then the wood has to dry out and blah blah blah But whatever I got to do a lot of chainsawing tomorrow and the next day And I have a guy coming tomorrow and the next day that I'm hiring for those two days that I've hired for three days previous To come help and yeah, we should be able to get all the wood done by Tuesday I think if not, there will be a little bit more. I'll just do that myself anyway Then I gotta figure out where to dry the wood. I guess I'm probably just gonna put it Put it up here. Well, I should be able to cut no not not cut I should be able to to build the joists part Before the wood is totally dry We would someone says something about pets. Hey guys Jamie by your cuts are impressive. Oh, thanks, man Yeah, so much my chainsaw cuts are pretty good. Thanks. Yeah Hopefully I can get all those done by Tuesday and then start bringing them over here start cutting them into into the right dimensions on the lumber mill and Well, I have to let them dry some first, but I think fairly soon I can Cut all the joists and put all the joists together But then that the floorboards on top those will have to like really be dry before I start putting them together because I put Them together when they're not dry, they're gonna shrink and big gaps will open up Maybe that would be alright. Maybe I do want gaps. I don't know I think I don't want gaps, but I don't know we'll see No, I don't want gaps because then Lego is gonna rain on the people on the first floor Whatever people would plan on the second floor. So yeah, I want to make sure that the floorboards are totally dry before I start doing those start putting them down and Yeah, I'm gonna have to do some interesting tricks with my lumber mill to cut strips for this this race track I'm building on the second floor. So my second floor is like here's this this thing right here is like a pillar the second floor is like right up there and And the second floor is not gonna extend out into the middle of the building it'll only be like, you know, two and a half meters on the outside going all the way around and The last I Know 30 centimeters like a foot against the wall is gonna be banked So you can run around on a banked track all the way around the house and I'm thinking for that. I'm going to cut Relent maybe maybe one inch by one inch Boards long boards, so they'll be they'll be flexible enough that I can get them into position and like get them, you know It'll make sense when I'm doing it Anyway, so tomorrow in the next day, I'm just gonna be chainsawing basically from sun up till sometime in the afternoon and Oh, I got a I got two root canals last Last week wasn't as bad as it sounds root canal sound like they're gonna be terrible but yeah, not definitely not as bad as it sounds and Like I got this this tooth infection like a year ago And I just had too much to deal with at the time I wasn't gonna deal with this tooth thing to I just had too much going on to deal with it So for like a year, I've had this, you know infection in my tooth Which I was just I could feel my body constantly fighting it off and you know Like every once in a while it would just I would just kind of feel sick because of it, but Yeah, now it's gone. I kind of have like all this extra energy now, you know Like over the last year my body's gotten used to fighting this infection all the time and now that it's gone My my immune system is like yo, what's up? I've got nothing to do baby.  Let me let me just go check that it's not burning. I'll be right back Okay, okay for anyone For anyone who just got here and was like why is this just a blank screen? There isn't even anyone here Yeah, I was just checking my bread that I'm cooking Yeah, so I probably I probably seem a little scatterbrained Right now this is because all I'm all all my brains are on is like just just going like I got stuff stuff to do Just just go And that's that's kind of an important skill to have to be able to get into that mode of just kind of like Like disconnecting from the big picture and just like just nose to the grindstone Just just going doing the thing and and not getting distracted by by you know, big picture things What's going on the world?  I've got this plan I've already made this plan. I must have made this plan when my brains were thinking right right I was thinking about the big plan when I when I made the plan and right now I'm on the path and I just I just got to trust the plan and just just just go for it You know something I try to teach my kids to you know, like to stay focused on a task like if you if you have a goal and you want to you want to accomplish something like Like like vacillate between two different two different mind frames like the the big picture mind frame is the one where you say Okay, this is what's going on in the world. Here's plans. Here's things that can happen You know, you take into you take into account a lot of a lot of big picture things But then once you start going, you know a lot of times It's good to just put all that stuff aside when you when you have the just some hard work to do in the trenches And you know, just just forget about that stuff just forget about the world and the distractions and the big picture and just all that stuff whether it's gonna go right or Ryan is like now right now. I'm just going and This this phase always reminds me of when I was digging a road in Vermont many many years ago you know, I I had this I had this property with no road access and I kind of scouted out this this place where if I could somehow manage to get a road in here There was like a mile and a half of road going through the mountains in my imagination And I was like, I think this can happen I think I think I can do this with my hands and some tools and then for like a month and a half I just didn't pay attention to anything. I didn't even make any videos or anything during that I made like two videos like at the end Yeah, every day I just was just in there in the forest I couldn't see very far like my my vision not not my eyeball vision But just my my awareness my presence. It was just like right there doing the thing So that's that's kind of the mode. I'm in right in right now. So yeah, tomorrow I'm just gonna be chains on trying to cut straight and not worrying about the rest of the world Let's see what else do I have going on? I don't know. I just I just have a lot of stuff going on Let's see what you guys are doing. Hey, Jay, man. What's going on? What's going on Hans? Do you have any questions this week because I'm ready for questions? Anyway, mr. Landville. What's up? Tony has it going. Hey guys. Hello, Jamie. Oh my cuts are impressive. Yeah, thanks, man Janet metson. Hello. Is that a peace sign? Yeah, what's up? How's it going Wendy? Hope all is well glad you're living the dream. That's something I was reminded of recently by a guy Nicholas He just it's a guy who's been watching my videos for a long time I've talked to a bunch of times and he's an artist and makes music and does arts and does all kinds of art stuff They just messaged me the other day on Facebook just saying hey, you know, Jamie You know, I watch your videos and I see, you know, you've you've got some pain I can I can tell you've got some pain. I'm just like I got some pain because you know There's some there's some pain in my life and in the world and he's just like, you know Remember what you're doing, you know, you're you're living this dream and it's awesome and amazing and remember to love yourself That that's a tough one for me love myself. This is a this is a tough one for a lot of people actually, you know loving yourself because I know a lot of people have the situation where you where you grow up and If you ever kind of feel good about yourself like someone is there to crush it like a parent don't get arrogant Don't get proud of yourself. Yeah, that's like, hey I just want I just want to feel good about myself for doing something good just for like a minute Come on and it's like no you feel bad all the time, you know, that was really beating into me I should feel bad about myself all the time and a lot of people And I've gotten this kind of message beaten into them by by various people and whatever I mean, the funny thing is like if I if I think about myself in a rational way I'm not pretty happy with who I am. I like who I am but just having that feeling of loving myself. It's like It's kind of weird even just talking about it. I should love myself though I love myself. I love myself. You should love yourself too. That's an important thing to do So anyway, he's just telling me that and I was like, yeah, man I gotta I gotta remember to love myself and he's like just surrender to the self love. So I've been I've been trying to you know So self love myself Didn't come up right at all, but anyway, you get you get the point. It's important stuff Hey Jamie love the content. You always got something fun and interesting to watch Can't wait to see the finished results finished results. There's a finish. Oh my god. I didn't know there was a finish I know what you mean, but man, it's like it's like endless.  This is the most amazing thing ever. I was still like, you know Three months later, you know, it could be better if I just did this and if I change that and I move this like this It's like there's no end. There's always there's always more stuff to do, you know, but it finished results. Yeah Okay Why don't you use the aluminum aluminum ladder and chainsaw guide technique to get super clean cuts for the slabs? Okay? That's pretty slow actually I've used an Alaskan lumber mill. He's talking about an Alaskan lumber mill. So basically It doesn't have to be a ladder But you can you can take a ladder and put it on top of a log and then have this little frame on your chainsaw That attaches to the blade the bar let's just call it the blade because Everyone's gonna know what I'm talking about if I call it a blade even though it's not really a blade So you attach this little frame to the chainsaw blade that that comes up and rests on top of the flat surface of the Ladder and then you can just kind of run your chainsaw Through right And then once you have a flat surface on your log you can get rid of the ladder And then just use that flat surface and put your frame on that and you can dial in your thicknesses and stuff Now it's very nice for getting Good dimensions on your boards However, it's slow. It's a slow way to cut because I don't know. I don't need to get into all the details and everything But basically if you cut with it the tip of your chainsaw it like It like gouges in it just it cuts faster than when you're cutting a big long thing across And you know, you can you can get chains with fewer teeth and you know all this fancy stuff, but I mean Ah the fact is it's not gonna it's not gonna be any faster than just cutting with the tip of the chainsaw which really just just gets in there, you know and When you get good at cutting with the tip of your chainsaw, all you need is a tip ladies when you get good at cutting with the tip of your chainsaw You had using an elastic and lumber mill isn't going to get you much better straight results like much better Dimensional results right like I can cut a pretty damn straight line Doing it the thing and I that way I don't have to Take a ladder with me I don't have to have this frame on the chainsaw that I have to adjust and move the ladder and deal with all this stuff Um and I can cut faster. It's just it's just less stuff to deal with And it's it's faster to just just rely on pure human skill Um and you know if you if you're just starting You have it would be easier to use an Alaskan lumber mill or something like that I used uh, I used this Kind of lumber mill thing years ago when I was actually in Alaska I didn't use an Alaskan lumber mill there, but I did use a lumber mill attachment thing on a chainsaw to help guide um But I've even when I was doing that like kind of halfway through the log cabin I was building there. I was just like I don't I don't need this guide I can just do it by hand just just get this thing out of the way. Just let me just do it, you know um So yeah, um once you once you get A bit of experience and gain some skill There's no reason to have an Alaskan lumber mill. I don't know maybe I shouldn't say there's no reason I'm sure there's some reason but I don't I don't need it Your freehand cuts the slabs are a okay anyways.    What what I say that's wrong And and I can put a $10 speed control on top I I have no idea what you're trying to say here Like it kind of sounds like you're in ai Trying to sound like a human, you know, but you don't really Is this English your second language or something? I don't know you got you got to work on your explanation Because I have no idea what you're trying to say Hey, jayme. What's up tomaters Wendy says if you plan for the shrinkage Uh, there's no shrinkage around here. What are you talking about? If you plan for shrinkage of floorboards, could you do it now and fill the spaces later? ah well it's oh Yeah, I mean I I could Do the floor not right now, but like, you know in a week or whatever And just expect the shrinkage and then there's going to be big gaps between the boards And then I could fill all those gaps with something later, but man, oh That's just sounds exhausting. It's it would be like making a whole new floor like cutting cutting slivers to fit every Every gap and they're not going to be the same gaps and some of them won't even be Like the same thickness all the way down the gap. Let me just check my bread again. I'm gonna I'm gonna Flip it first Um, yeah, it's just that's a lot of work filling in gaps so What I'm thinking of doing is You know building all the joists because if they shrink a little bit, it's not a big deal and then Lay just laying floorboards on top of that And then you know, I kind of have a temporary floor that I can you know put stuff on and maybe hang out a little bit Do some stuff up there?  Let me just turn on my little What's this called my my lighting? Is that enough lighting? That's totally enough lighting. Oh, yeah, right down it. Oh, yeah Oh, yeah, down there. There's some good lighting right there. It's good enough for me um When I uh, when I am in landscaping work mode, I have to tell my neighbors To try not to stop me for conversations You know, so you're talking about like when you're when you're in when you're in those to the grindstone mode You're you just going like yeah, don't don't stop me for conversations. Yeah, that's like totally know what you're talking about David Rubino. What's up, man? What up, Jamie? How's it going beat? You went and did what you wanted to do and didn't let any restrictive norms hold you back And you should feel accomplished in being able to do that because it's not easy to break free You're right. You're right. You're totally right. I should feel I should feel pretty damn proud of myself Although I don't want to feel too proud of myself Because you know, I got I got to keep humble enough to know that I have a lot of improvement to do But yeah, I should I should feel pretty good about about what I've been doing and I yeah I feel pretty good about about what what I've done so far. You know, I have some plenty of mistakes and stuff It's part of part of life And you know frustrations, but yeah overall. Yeah, things are things are going pretty well Of course, you know being Being an engineering minded kind of person I focus most on my mistakes because that's what I that's what needs to be fixed That's where where I need to give attention and make improvements So I don't really I guess I guess that's That's the problem that I have. It's like it's like a It's like a two-sided thing I'm always focused on what's wrong with me and what's what's wrong with what I've done Because that's the stuff that needs attention. That's the stuff I need to fix But then I forget to ever think about the things that I've done that are right and forget to think hey, yeah, jamie You're doing okay So yeah, it is it is a good reminder So once in a while have someone just say hey, man, you you're doing pretty good stuff Like you're not Don't just focus on the on the things you're You're don't just focus on your mistakes that you need to fix But yeah, most of my focus is always on the things I need to fix because that's the stuff that needs attention But yeah, I should also feel pretty good about what's going on Hi, jamie. Have your subscribers check and make sure they remain subscribe youtube unsubbed me No way someone um Someone else told me that they were Subscribed to my channel, but my video has never shown up for them. Even though they were subscribed. I don't know I don't know this crazy stuff works Um Okay, confusco says I could this is about the speed controller again I could just carry a $10 speed control spare the mass produced 24 volt ones are so cheap I think another point here is you make your life harder than it needs to be I notice that a lot I don't know you're talking about you. I mean give me you got it You can't just throw out these vague things like I can't just respond to Some vague accusation of you're doing it wrong. Oh Uh, okay Uh, well, I don't think so like what what did you not give me anything to respond to Now one thing I can respond to is this $10 speed control you're talking about what the Can you send me a link? To a $10 speed control for a dc motor that can handle 100 amps ish Like where the hell are you finding that buddy? Because like people have people have told me about these cheap speed controllers before and then I go look and it's for like Some dinky little like 10 amp motor or something and I'm like, well, that's completely useless I've got like a thousand watt motor like 1500 watt motors like a hundred amps not a hundred amps, but 50 like 50 amps, you know Um, but you know, I wouldn't want to use a 50 amp speed controller on a 50 amp thing because you know, it's it's gonna It's gonna blow I I need I need like a hundred amp one to be able to run a 50 amp thing because they make everything fall apart these days so You gotta have twice the the the rating to get Your thing to work and last anyway If you if you know about these $10 speed controls that I don't please Please send me a link or I'm just gonna presume you're just doing what everyone else does and you know just making stuff up Mass produced speed controls for brush motors will will also have resistive losses heat losses Yeah, you too well It's it doesn't I don't know with the speed controllers. It's not that they're mass produced It's it's the cheapness of them and stuff. So Yeah, I don't know Where where are these good speed controllers for $10 that I need to hear about? Uh confusco says like youtube has a character limit. I will explain your explanation is that The resistive one is more reliable. There is the resistive one is absolutely more reliable. That's That's pretty much a hundred percent guaranteed Okay Uh, but why confusco? What's the benefit to carry extra trash in the boat? Hans makes an excellent point. So confusco says why don't I just bring an extra speed controller with me But the point I was making is I just made an extremely reliable speed controller So I don't have to take anything extra with me. I don't I've got a little boat. I don't want extra stuff That's a that's a hugely important Part of this whole thing Uh, let's see Um What is your main account this one is only five days old did you get banned?  Also, have you seen badder? Okay the fart tank the fart machine. It's a you know a methane producing machine thing it has Well, I checked it the other day and it has It's not airtight around the the top lid So I think I'm gonna have to just fiberglass over the entire top to make sure it's It's not leaking at first. I was like well, maybe it's just the where the pipe comes out at the top Um, but then I kind of pressure tested it and it's yeah the entire cap lid I glued it down, but it's not quite airtight. So yeah I think I'm gonna put fiberglass over the whole the whole top and just seal it like crazy I was actually going to do that today, but it started raining and it can't do fiberglass in the rain um, let's see Also, have you seen batteries and solar panels have come way down in price. I did see that um The lithium batteries are keep coming down. Yeah So the the lithium batteries I got the 24 volt 100 amp power ones. They were like I don't know like 650 bucks now. They're like 500 Um, I haven't checked solar panels, but um, yeah, maybe I should although I don't need any solar panels at the moment um Okay Confusco says the resistive control is trash Why is he carrying it? Um, yeah, you can you can just block that confusco guy He's he's probably been blocked already and now he's just I don't know He's just making up garbage. Like if it's trash, how am I driving around on it? It's oh, it's so awesome. I love it um Yeah, someone's explaining to this guy that there is no lossless way to drop voltage. Yeah um Yeah, totally um Okay, I'm just gonna skip over a few things that's explaining something really obvious to someone else. Uh, what are you? um Yes, Hans Hans exactly what Hans Hans said so I don't know this this confused guys is basically trashing one of the the electrical systems on one of my boats and and Hans and vegan surfer are just explaining to him that Why it works and I I don't know. I don't need it.  Somebody block that Confusco guy. Wait, can I vlog? There you go. I don't know. I'm just gonna skip his um rambling from now on Oh, thanks man. That's great. Um Okay, I have a question ken says So I have a property that I could potentially potentially make off-grid the off-grid setup is expensive up front But no longer have ongoing utilities What what is the question? Uh, I'm guessing the question is um I guess I'm guessing the question is coming But one thing about living off-grid that a lot, you know, I'm gonna get a light. Hold on. Let me just grab a light It's getting dark and I'm you know um So one thing that a lot of people um Kind of don't realize about living off-grid.  That's too bright Is you don't You don't have to set up the same energy system that you would have like in the suburbs like you don't have to have like 20,000 watts of solar power coming into your house just because that's what like the average family uses or whatever Like you can live very happily with Like one solar like my house right now I just I just connected some more solar panels But that was mostly so I could use tools and 3d print all day and stuff But for the last year most of the last year up until a couple weeks ago I had one solar panel on my roof. It's a 275 watt solar panel and that was it and that ran my computer and my lights and stuff and Uh I just I just don't use a lot of electricity.  Is it three channels now jamie builds jamie tux and jamie stuff. No, I just I'm just using this channel now uh, I just went back to basically one so I mean I split them up for a while there and I kind of had a reason but then I eventually I was like I just feel like going back to one channel because I don't know. It was just an extra step in everything I had to do and I had some reasons to do it before but then They kind of disappeared. So I just went back to one channel. So my my Jamie builds is back to jamie stuff. I don't know what it was originally Um, but yeah, I basically just have one channel though If you get one of those $20 four channel or $40 eight channel remote control modules, you get your hexapod robot to con trees Oh, it's a question well, um, someone Okay, someone just Just got me a radio control thing. I put it on my amazon wishlist And uh, he sent it to me. So it's like a like a radio control controller and then a receiver I think it was eight servos, you know the servos are these little little wiggly things So you push the controller and the little wiggly things wiggle and can turn on switches or move stuff and stuff like that So, yeah, that's going to be here Maybe I don't know in a few weeks And I can use that to radio controller eyes The robot I've been working on which is I only have oh, I only have two more two more pieces to To print out to make it walk I could have printed them tonight, but I don't know. I don't like to print when it's starting to get later in the day Like one day I printed a few things at night and just ran it off battery power for like half an hour um It worked fine, but yeah, I you know, I don't I don't need to strain my energy system. I can just do it tomorrow um And then and then I have a bunch of parts to print out for a ping pong ball blaster But yeah, it should I should be able to get it walking tomorrow um Is it worth the upfront cost of a well instead of a ten dollar water bowl?   They're they're uh Like well pumps that you can actually jam into the ground and like like crammed down with a with a pipe Um, like there are there are a lot of different options that you can do to drill your own well Um, you know including drilling machinery and stuff um true it's going to be from the 1900s so early And low energy septic versus sewer and solar instead of electric bill And propane instead of natural gas. It'll be an air bnb. That sounds awesome man. Totally do it. Yeah, totally do it you know The thing is with that kind of stuff Once you set it up if you do a really good job of setting it up Like the payback is over a long period of time like a really long period of time if you do a good job So just do a good job on it and it'll last I mean the rest of your life, you know Okay, would putting strings of led lights up into the cathedral dome Uh, take too much energy. That would look great. No, that would not take up too much energy. Um I actually had some strings of led lights up a while ago, but they got moved for some reason I don't know. They were just in the way. I was doing other stuff. Um Well, it's going to be interesting to see what happens on the third floor When I get up there because you know, I'm going to build the second floor next and then hopefully sometime this year I'll build the third floor And the third floor is going to be cool because that's just going to be a wide open floor all the way across with a big big high ceiling And I'm going to have to do some kind of cool lighting up there. And I don't know it's it's going to be cool um But yeah, I could totally run some led lights. I I don't know. There's there's so many things I want to do in here It's just I've got like this big list of things and whatever bubbles up to the top priority that that's what I'm working on and right now I'm just just trying to get these boards cut for the second floor and I just filled in Uh a low spot in the walkway around my house that was pooling water and I got this this methane producing fart machine tank. I got a I got an air air title eyes I got a seal. I have to seal it You know, there's just a lot of stuff. I mean, it's all good stuff. I like doing this stuff Um, I I agree with you on the single channel update your description though. Yeah, I gotta update my description um Really, I probably need like another person like Helping me manage this channel and you know my website and all this stuff because um You know 90 percent of my time in energy just goes into the projects themselves And then I you know have a little bit of energy to turn on a camera every now and then and aim it at myself Or say something and then by the end of the day I'm so exhausted. It's like, all right. Let's see if we can slap some video together and upload it And I'm like out of out of gas by the time it's time to type in a description or something Um sand point. Oh, you're talking about the sand point. Um Drill well well thingies. I think that's what you're talking about. Anyway Uh vegan surf says I have three wells But no good way to get water out of them if the power is out. I need to put a handpipe A hand pump in one for emergency. Those things are awesome So when I was when I was a kid we would go visit my my grandparents And they lived on a farm That had been I don't know in the family. I don't know how long I'd been there But there was like there was like old stuff, you know, there were there were There were like some some old rusty tractors that were like covered by You know 20 foot tall grass and stuff and behind their house Um, we were told not to mess with this too much But there was there was like one of those old cast iron well pumps and it totally worked like you Pull the handle a few times water starts pouring out the top You just had to be careful where you stepped so you didn't fall into the well because there was like a well Like a hole down and then some boards over it and then this this pump came up Um, so we're always no one ever fell in it that I'm aware of but we're always warned to make sure we didn't Um, that thing was great. Um Yeah, I if if I was gonna have a well That that's probably what I would do. I probably wouldn't even want an electric pump. I would just want the That's because that's the way I am I would feel lazy using an electric pump actually um That would look awesome. Wendy. Wait, what did it when you say? Oh, yeah, the uh, the leds, right? Um, exactly my point It's in city limits. Oh, this is about ken's property. Oh, you're in city limits But I was going to just do it so if it's sitting for a while and it's not an ongoing cost just to have city utilities Yeah It sucks being in city limits man. They they'll they will just red tape you to death Mr. Landfill I have hand drilled wells like jamey said 25 years later and still working. That is super awesome I would love to see how you do that. How did you hand drill? What was the process? Was it like, uh Like literally by hand or was there an auger thing on a machine or how did you do it? dig it with a shovel Wendy says I have so enjoyed seeing the jungle on the island I recognize a lot of the plants because they're used as house plants in the usa. They look amazing. Thank you. Well, thank you very much um, yeah, it's funny, uh being being in the in the tropical jungle here When I was growing up in Canada my mom had all these all these house plants a lot of them were tropical house plants So now I see them here. I'm like, uh, it's totally that thing my mom had in the you know The whatever room and or the this other room. She had a lot of tropical house plants and yeah, it's funny recognizing them Uh, let's see Check your bread. Oh, thanks. Thanks classic, dude. Mike. I think my bread should be done by now Ah, let's see what we got here Or where's the bottom of my bread? Feels pretty good. Yeah, I think it's done. Sweet. Thanks for the reminder, man Just putting my pots away Check your bread for a second. I was like check your bread. What are you talking about? Um Okay, how much longer would it be to handsaw the logs good exercise? Oh my god Handsawing the logs that that does take a lot longer. Um Oh, that that takes a long time um Yeah, I just don't have time. I mean I would I would eventually get it done. But yeah, it's just It's that's a lot to do um The way I kind of think about it is Like I pretty much started my my life here maybe Two or three years ago So I was maybe like 45 when I kind of started like really making my life here um So I gotta I gotta kind of speed things up a little I can't they can't do it all by hand Maybe if I was 20 I could I could spend more time on a bunch of things and you know take my time more But I gotta speed things up a little more now Uh well point pipes and driven with a weighted Down tire rim So we don't yeah lift tire and drop Lift tire and drop repeat for hours. I see that's cool, man And you did that and it totally worked, right? That's awesome Yeah, I wonder I actually wonder if I might have um Decent ground water in the jungle on this island. I'm pretty sure I have no water table because it's just like solid clay like a waterproof clay um But out in the jungle there I probably do have some spots where I could drill a well Although there's also a stream so I can get water out of the stream pretty easily Although I wouldn't drink from the stream. I don't know maybe I would You it's probably drinkable actually it looks pretty clear anyway Will says great video about brain code. Well, thanks, man. I did try to explain it pretty well You know another thing another cool thing about brain code. I I didn't talk about this. I don't think the other day um But just just thinking of brain code. It gives you lots of skills, you know lots of abilities um, and one of those things is being able to see into the future like you can see um You can see paths really far ahead so you can say Okay, if I go in this direction What's going to happen and you just like look through these strings I always kind of see it as like strings if I if I if I get on this string and it goes into the future Where does it go and I can see where it where it leads and where it ends up Um, then I can be like, okay. That's a good string.   You see the strings for other people too Which can be very frustrating because many times in my life I don't I don't even try to do this anymore generally speaking But like in the past I've had situations where I've I've had friends and I'm just like Man, you should not do this. This is not going to get you to a good place It's going to take you down a very bad path. You're like, what are you talking about? What are you talking about? Okay, look When I look through the strings through future the strings you're on right now do not go to a good place And I can tell you exactly what you'd have to change to get on these better strings to get the goal that you're looking for And then he's like, what are you talking about? This is crazy stuff and it's like you can't explain it and then they have to go through it and then like three years later the like Man, I should have listened to you. Man, you're right. It's like Yeah, I wish I I wish I could have explained it in a way that would have been valuable and useful at the time But yeah, like like I was saying last week or the week before whatever it was When you think in brain code and it's not a generally accepted or understood thing It's really hard to communicate Any of that to other people it's amazing for figuring out your own stuff and figuring out what you should do and blah blah blah But uh, yeah makes makes communicating with people very difficult Unless they're also very open-minded and you know Get this stuff, whatever I grew up in a family business with a ton of young programmers and I feel like I can see people doing brain coding. Yeah Yeah, I mean once you once you start once you start like really kind of thinking about Brain like thinking about things in brain code It it totally just makes sense like so many things just fall into place because it's your brain's native code If you just like accept it and go along with it It's like Suddenly all this stuff becomes clear and it's like you have this you have this whole language That you know so well You've mastered it because you've just it's your instincts. It's built in when you were born, you know It's just too bad that we were taught for so many years to not use it The first 18 feet went down by hand Down by hand the next 30 was slow so 18 feet in about 60 seconds. Wow Uh, then five hours. Yeah. Yeah drilling a well. It's gotta be interesting Paths like in Donnie Darko I gotta watch that movie again. Maybe I vaguely remember the movie I'm gonna have to watch it again Yeah, I'm totally gonna have to watch it again now that you're making this path's reference Greetings from over the pond cornwall uk. What's up, man? Kerr now Okay, Wendy says brain code made by the nurture half of the nature versus nurture of humans Um Is it made by the nurture? No, it's made by the nature half Um, yeah brain code you just get it. You're just born with it Like it's the it's the it's the code. It's the native language of your brain Like you don't have to learn anything. That's why it's it functions so efficiently Um, because you don't have to translate anything In or out of what your brain just gets like if you if you can think in brain code It's just it's just a really natural thing. It's just you know, we we're taught not to think that way so I don't know people resisted have difficulty with it. They think it's it's not the right thing but it's totally good the nurture is is When we're taught to not use that kind of thing, you know Ignore your instincts. Don't trust what don't trust your instincts, you know, do Do things that have a concrete answer that you can write down, you know Uh, I I have to have enough power for an electric jackhammer to lower the basement So I was going to just keep it off grid and use generators because it's 37 a month if I use electric or not same with gas Um, just keep it off grid and use generators. Yeah Yeah, I mean if you if you have like one thing you need to use That that uses a lot of electricity. Yeah, I mean make sense to just get a generator, you know Just set up a small solar system to run your lights and your computer and whatever Little things you use all the time, but then, you know, you got a jackhammer or you got a weld Keep a generator round for that and then yeah, totally makes sense The holiday season is over and the social media season is starting. Oh, no, what's that? Do I do I need the social media more? I don't social media much and I think that's a good thing Um, I kind of feel like I should erase my facebook and all that stuff But um, it is useful at times as long as I don't Don't use it much and I don't use it much. I don't even I don't even find it Interesting like like, you know how people gotta get sucked into like instagram or facebook or I guess twitter or stuff like that and you keep scrolling and scrolling. I don't get that at all I think you have to like use it for a certain amount before it starts Getting addictive to me. Just it's just annoying Okay, I need to power 3000 watts should I just get a gas generator or do an inverter with battery? Well, I mean It depends what kind of system what kind of solar system you're gonna set up If you're gonna send it set up a pretty decent sized solar system Then just use that but if you want to set up a small solar system And then you just occasionally need to do some 3000 watt thing just just get a generator And just use it whenever you need, you know, that's I mean There's no correct answer, but That's what my brain is telling me Will darling at wendy my view Is it's a non-verbal internal language system somewhat shared by Inherent stuff in us the same way a lot of cats have the same habits Just as is brain code as dna rna rather than learned response then Jamie is social media Yeah, great.   I I would not I would recommend keeping it or or reactivating it like trying to use that brain code. It's really useful Even if you can't communicate with people well with it Solar is probably the best way to do it because you don't have to spend out any money apart from buying the solar setup Well, that's the thing If you need us if you need to run 3000 watt equipment You're gonna need a pretty decent solar system and if If the only reason if you only have one one thing that's going to use that much power and everything else could run off like 100 watts or something Like you could get away with a much cheaper thing and just use a generator once in a while But yeah in an ideal world just get a big enough solar system to handle everything you want to do You know, it was great It's just it is, you know a big investment um Neighborhood no wait neighborhood like solar over generator neighbor like Solar over generator noise and air pollution of generators is awful. Yeah, totally. Um Yeah, generators are not ideal, but like I said, if you only have one one thing that needs that much power Uh, perfect self-facing property And I was going to put about two to three thousand watts of solar and maybe four batteries to power what I ate You know, if you're putting that much solar power on and you and you need to run something That's three three thousand watts once in a while Just run it on a sunny day like right to only use your jackhammer When the sun is blazing and you're you're getting like almost that much power. Anyway, that's what I would totally do Um skip the generator And you know if it's rainy day then you don't jackhammer. No big deal. Um All right We're at the end of comments here And I think it's time for jamie to finish his dinner and go to sleep so I can get up nice and early And start chains on and I hope you guys. Oh wait, wait, wait Andrew Potter says off topic because I just tuned in Okay, the what advice do you have for letting go of stuff thinking about buying 10 acres of land up in Tunbridge, Vermont and going off grid Um, what do you mean by letting go of stuff like letting go of your previous life? I'm just gonna kind of guess At what you mean here unless you give me another comment here and kind of explain what you're letting go of um but when Okay, I'll tell you my experience when I first Wanted to move off grid wait don't ever move to the uk With that attitude toward getting regular sunny days. Yeah, the uk is terrible in terms of a lot of things man Terrible place to live off grid in terms of regulations in terms of weather blah blah But anyway, okay when I when I first moved off grid I was told all kinds of things about how I'm gonna Your life is gonna be so hard and I'm gonna freeze to death and you know just everything's gonna go wrong And I won't be able to handle it just oh man. Everyone. I knew was telling me no You're absolutely out of your mind for even thinking of that you do not do that And then when I just did it like none of that stuff applied None of the stuff I was warned about actually ended up being a problem like it was it was amazing It was super. Oh, it was so good Um Generator works day and night though Ken you do not need a jackhammer at midnight Especially when you have neighbors but anyway, um Yeah, Andrew if if you want to go off grid um I would recommend Getting rid of as much stuff as possible like sell everything you own that's not going to be useful off grid Don't don't take a bunch of crap with you that you don't need like just I mean, maybe your question is asking okay letting go of attachments like what kind of attachments to what? attachments to Inanimate objects attachments to people I mean Hey like like do it do what you want to do Um and deal with whatever consequences there are Like if there are if there are things that you don't want to let go of Um, then if you really really don't want to let go of and they don't let go of them like if there's something Like the way I think about living off grid is you get to do you get to make your life whatever you want it to be so People always ask this question when when you move off grid, which is like what do you miss? What do you miss about life before and it's like not really anything I mean, maybe the the huge amounts of garbage people threw away in the cities I could pick through and get like brand new stuff that people use once but You know, whatever other than that like there isn't really anything I miss Because I'm in a place where I make it be whatever I want. So if you're moving off grid Just make it be whatever you really want it to be although don't get stuck Making it what you think other people should think it should be That's that's something people fall into a lot is a trap of of trying to make their off grid home Suitable for other people's judgment Forget about that forget about the other people's judgment In fact, don't even invite anyone over for like the first six months or year or whatever just just do what you want live the way you want make it be what you want and You're not you're not letting go of of anything.  That's that's what the life is all about But if you have some specific attachments in mind, let me know and maybe I can address those better Uh, let's see Stuff acquired over 20 plus years Okay, if it's just stuff you have andrew forget the stuff this stuff is not important Sell it all sell all your stuff Just take your your tools and whatever is going to be directly useful to Sorry Yeah, just take the stuff that's going to be directly useful to you going off grid Um, all this all this sentimental nonsense, you know, you just won't have time for that garbage Like you got more important things to do when you're going to be you're going to be in vermont, right?  You got to take care of business You got to do stuff make sure you eat well and be healthy and you know, you're going to have a lot of stuff to do and Like your priorities are probably going to change in a lot of ways and like all these knickknacks and gobbledygook That you've collected over the years is going to kind of lose meaning. So I wouldn't worry too much about Attachments to that stuff. I I would just say get rid of it. The sooner the better sell sell as much stuff as you can And don't worry about the you know, the sentimental value because you're going to die one day, right?  All right, let's see what we got here UK UK regulations are horrible. You can use more micro hydra than solar put a generator If you can even make a micro hydra thing in the UK, your your council members will come by and say, ah Yeah, I can't do that without permission.  I have not Hydro is good free water for free energy. Don't bury lovely waterways under concrete. Yeah I should clarify that I only work on the house one day a week So a generator is all ready to go with no additional components But I was just going to do a full battery And run an inverter. Yeah, I can given given the information you give me I would I would skip the generator just just do the thing An Andrew Potter potter. I mean you're very welcome. I hope it goes well And seriously sell all the stuff you don't need and get stuff that's going to be useful to you in your off-grid life Because your priorities are going to change the things you care about are going to change like the things that are important They're going to become more important the things that are just not that important They're just going to fade away. You know, that's the one of the cool things about living Living your own life like the things that matter to me. I would skip the generator It's one of the cool things about living living your own life like the things that matter really start mattering Thanks for always having a great Having great videos. Everyone be safe. Thank you, Mr. landfill. And yes, everyone be safe I'm gonna get out here and have a great morning or evening or whatever you got wherever we are


Hi, I'm Lauren, I'm a student at the University of Vermont and I work for Student Financial Services. Today I'm going to be talking to you a little bit about the Student Health Insurance Decision and Waiver Form. So the Student Health Insurance Plan, also known as SHIP, is done through the Center for Health and Well-Being at UVM. SHIP is serviced by University Health Plans and you can review universityhealthplans.com for some more health coverage information. This annual premium is charged with the fall and spring semester bill. The insurance coverage period is for the full year, ranging from August 1st to July 31st. So if a student is enrolled in SHIP, they will be continuously covered if they re-enroll in it for the following year. If a student has comparable health insurance coverage, the UVM Student Health Insurance may be waived. This annual waiver is due by July 1st. The whole time undergraduate students will be charged the first installment fee if the waiver is not completed by July 1st. Please note that the final deadline to waive the annual insurance fee is September 15th. So if a student fails to complete the waiver by July 1st, that is okay. They can still complete the waiver after July 1st to have that fee redacted up until September 15th, in which it's too late to waive that fee. When you go to the Center for Health and Well-Being page, you can find some more information about what SHIP actually entails. If you go to this top arrow, the UVM SHIP benefit information will go over everything that is covered under this plan. All full-time UVM students must have a health insurance plan to help cover their additional health care costs, so please take your time reviewing this and make your decision wisely. Once you have your decision, you can go to our insurance decision and waiver form. Here you will be prompted to fill out your own insurance information, which would be waiving the fee, or to select that you would like to be covered under SHIP, which you would then be charged the insurance fee. If you have any more insurance and waiver questions, you can contact UVM's Center for Health and Well-Being. Email is the preferred method of communication, and you can email them at studentinsurance.uvm.edu. You could also arrange an appointment through your My Well-Being portal. If you have any billing questions, you can then contact Student Financial Services, and you can contact us at sfs at uvm.edu. Thanks for watching!


Our next speaker is Jela Hellings from McMaster University who will be discussing efficient fault-tolerant cluster sending, reliable and efficient communication between Byzantine fault-tolerant clusters. Jela, take it away. Well, thanks for the interaction so I can skip the title page. So our motivation is basically already told by Marco and his keynote talk. Normal blockchains permission permission is not really matter have limited bandwidth. So one way to scale up is to shorty systems and to divide our data into different parts and then the individual parts can operate on the data independently. And as of course we have more complex stuff. So that's the main motivation of the work I'm going to present. And what we realized if you're going to try to do something like this, of course operating these individual clusters, we can do that with sensors, proof of work, PBFT dependent system, but to have interoperability between the clusters, you need something more right. And we decided to look into the communication between these blockchains between fault-tolerant clusters in depth and then in the permission setting. So how does that behave in the rest of the blockchains here? So if we look at permissionless blockchains actually, of course we know them Bitcoin Ethereum are the other ones. They're one of the earliest interoperability projects was actually the Bitcoin relay where we were able to translate data from the Bitcoin network to the Ethereum network. And lately there have also been quite a lot of white papers about sharded Ethereum systems like Cosmos and Pokedotti proposed some designs for that. And if you go into the research direction of things that are quite a lot of recent papers on how to do cross-chain interactions via atomic swaps, via atomic commitment to cross-chain deals, which all provide some form of communication between blockchains with some kind of guarantees. And this shows that, well, in the last decade, they have quite a bit of different approaches toward interoperability in this permissionless system. So it's a fundamental problem we take. And we looked at it, well, in the other side of the world, in the permission world, where or if we simplify everything a bit, everything is operated by a PBFT-like algorithm. And in the earliest projects where we saw actually interoperability being applied was Stuart and GBFT, which were both geo-skill-aware systems that divided the blockchain up into smaller pieces that, well, we're far apart and then have interoperability between them. And certainly we've seen quite a lot of sharding projects. So we have a tested hyperledger a few years ago, we have Bishard this year, Chainspace mentioned in the previous talk. Serbers, they all basically say, well, we have a permission chester, we sharded, and we got to make sure that we can do multi-shard transaction processing. And with all these papers, the core there is of course your consensus protocol to operate the shards, but also the communication primitive to communicate between shards. And some of the papers address that all this don't. So we decided let's just look at that problem at a core to see whether it's a different problem than consensus, and if so, how does it behave, right? So our first step was to just formalize it as simple as we could. So how do you formalize cluster sending? We have a value v and we have a cluster one and a cluster two. Those are Byzantine fault-tolerant, right? I fault the replicas in them. I want to send a value from C1 to C2 with three quantities. The replicas in the cluster C2 will receive that value, at least all the good replicas. The replicas in the sending cluster will get some confirmation that they know that sending was successful, otherwise, well, we don't know whether anything happened. And of course, the receiving cluster will only receive a value if that value was actually intended to be sent. So faulty replicas should not be able to forge a message sent to the other cluster and then convince them that that should have happened. And we figured that this is basically the most basic requirements you can get for any form of communication if faulty replicas are involved. So we looked at this, and we looked at it with a very specific stage of a specific angle, namely, we really want to minimize on some of our system the communication between clusters. Because what we found, if you want to have very large scale systems with geo-aware placement of replicas, then of course within region bandwidth and round trip times are not really an issue. And if you use PBFT, but between regions, that's going to be a problem next. So we want to minimize that kind of communication. And this already rules out the easiest solution to cluster sending and that just to do podcasting and that do majority voting. So our next question was then, is actually a lower bound on cluster sending? Is there a lower bound on how many messages we need to send between clusters? And we quickly realize that this is the case. So I will not go over all the proof details, but we're going to sketch it here. So here we have a big cluster with 15 replicas and seven of which are faulty. And we have a small cluster with five replicas, two of which are faulty. In this case, I can claim that I need at least 40 messages. So whenever I send less than 30 messages between these clusters, cluster sending can fail. And to illustrate why that's the case, we started five messages, because, well, the small cluster has five replicas. So if I send five messages, I can make sure that every sender is distinct, and if the receiver is distinct, so that if any of these are faulty, their impact is minimized, right? But I can do that for the other seven messages that I have left, eight messages, sorry. So if I'm going to send 13 messages or less, some replicas will send either several messages or receive several messages. And in this case, there are three replicas that get three messages and two replicas that get two. And we know of all these replicas, two can fail.  So, no matter what I do, I can already lose six messages by just two failures in the receiving cluster. Well, if we do that, we have seven messages left, and we have 30 messages total, and we have seven replicas that could be faulty in the sending cluster. So, no matter how I send my 30 messages, I can always pick my photo replicas in this way to make sure that nothing happens. This is for crash failures. You can also do a similar analysis for Byzantine failures, but you're going to have a factor two somewhere. And you can also do a similar analysis if you have a crystal sampling certificate with threshold signatures and that's reduced to this case again. Well, the idea is all the same. And if we completely formalize it, by the end of the line, the conclusion is going to be you have two clusters. We're going to send an amount of messages that's linear in the size of the cluster. And the exact details, of course, depends a bit on the ratio between the clusters, you can have some amount of errors and stuff like that. So that's why the exact formulation has these diff and these small terms. Well, let's just forget about those. Then the next step in our work was, well, we have a lower bound, but that doesn't mean that that's a strict one, right? So we want a nice protocol that actually achieves the lower bound. And the simplest is, of course, if the cluster are the same size, in which case we can just one-on-one map replicas, something between them, and that will actually work out correctly. And we call that bijective sending. We have sketched, well, this is the journal code, but we have sketched working here. Similar size clusters. If we put on all the numbers in the formula of the formation, we see that we need to send six messages. So I sent six messages one-on-one. And no matter how I pick my, well, three-fold replicas in the first cluster or my two-fold replicas in the second cluster, at least one of these messages will arrive. In turn, we can redistribute these messages. Of course, we can then ask, can we do better? Because a linear amount of messages between clusters, especially if your clusters become bigger, that's still a scalability issue, right? Well, the pessimistic person in me would say, no, we can't. We've proven that these algorithms are worst case optimal, but very low guarantees. And of course, in practice, you probably want even more guarantees, so it's going to be even harder. And so whatever we do, we cannot do a better than linear amount of communication in terms of the sizes of the clusters. Of course, we can also be a bit more optimistic about things and try things out to see whether we can make an algorithm that behaves good in practice. But in the worst case, it evolves in something that's linear, right? And one way to do that is to just solidize, use a probabilistic approach. And in that case, we can actually show we can do a whole lot better. So protocol in that case is really simple. What you do, you randomly choose replicas to send from and to send to. You do a step that is a sending step. I'll skip over the details, but that sending step should finish in some finite amount of time, of course. And if that doesn't happen, then we just retry with auto path replicas. Of course, this basic approach. In the worst case, we're going to always pick wrong ones. So this is not guaranteed to finish. But it is guaranteed, but expected to finish actually in a constant number of rounds, typically configuration will take four or five rounds at most. If you want stronger guarantees, we can do that. And that case, of course, we're not going to do just random permutations, we can do some pre arranging of the options we're going to take. And then we do that order and in that case, going to have the same expected case complexity. After you're going to do all the mathematics involved, but it's going to finish in linear time, it will actually finish in a similar number of communication as the optimal approach. So you can have expected case constant and worst case optimal. That's possible. But of course, because this operates advance is going to have a longer latency than optimal protocol. So some, some graphs for performance. In this graph, we have the two probabilistic approaches. So the green line is the one that terminates always in linear time. And the orange one is the one that might not terminate because it's completely probabilistic and as you see, they're quite similar. And the best thing is they cap off at around like four to five message rounds, which is completely independent of how big your clusters, if you have 1000 replicas in your clusters, it's still going to take five messages between these questions. So that's really good. And if we add the optimal approach, well, optimal approach. Of course, I already mentioned it's going to be linear in the size of the classes or very small clusters going to be slightly faster. But for anything that resembles, well, what we look at nowadays like clusters with 10 to 20 replicas already it's going to be slower. Now, of course, in the literature, like I said, there are already quite a few projects that do some form of interoperability between dbt style systems. So if we look at those in a bit more detail than dbt designed a quite interesting, optimistic approach that tries to do it right thing. If you're bbp primers are correct. And if that fails it as a recovery process that's quite costly but an optimistic approach is actually faster than our optimal approach because that's really optimized for the good case. The chain space mentioned in the previous talk also as approach they basically do broadcasting. Which, if you're going to run that in a single data center, it's going to be super fast, because it has just the least amount of recovery of overhead. But of course, if you're going to have wide area network and broadcasting is not the way to go of course because it's going to be quadratic amount of communication. There are some alternatives in the literature of what we did, and some are faster in some case some are faster in other cases. But what we have at least shown is that there are strict limits, and these limits that we've shown at this linear up about is definitely different from what the limits are the theoretical limits at least on the contract of consensus of broadcasting broadcast and stuff like that so it's. It's a different problem. And we can solve it in different ways some of which have benefits others which have drawbacks. We've also already seen some applications of cluster sending and projects. So, I can mention to do BFT was a wide scale. BFT deployment that was optimized for global communication, and that has at its core and inter cluster communication protocol to minimize communication between the local clusters. Well, it's not an approach we described in this work, but it is certainly an interesting approach. And a recent charting protocols that we've been developing, like by short or in BFT, which is the next talk and servers we really put clusters and just as a core part together with consensus and then with these tools try to design a basically database style of sharding so by short shows that you can do two phase commit and two phase locking and that's kind of system servers really try to minimize. Use of consensus and cluster sending cluster sending by abusing and the UTXR type data model, which actually allowed us to skip a lot of steps. We really looked at engineering aspect as how can we actually implement this and make it super fast with a very clean semantics with a very clean transaction semantics that makes sense for normal users that do not want to worry about the complexities of multi-shard transaction processing so. I would say, look at the next talks very interesting. All the works we've seen around the big ones are tested hyperledger. And that's such that it doesn't go into too much detail on how they do communication between charge so I actually cannot tell how they do it. Change space actually specifies a really clean protocols, the podcasting but like I said the podcasting does require quite a lot of communication. That's probably the simplest protocol to prove its correctness so good choice if you want to know for sure that you're doing the writing. Well that's basically all I have to tell for today. If you want to see more information we have. I have the slides with this talk and all other talks related to that on my website we also have two technical reports on archive, so take a look at those. Well that should be it.