With that, ladies and gentlemen, we are going to dive straight into our next panel discussion, which is going to be chaired by Dr. Anirag Bhattra, Chairman, Editor-in-Chief, Exchange for Media Group. We also have illustrious panelists on this discussion. We have with us Roland Landers, President of all India Gaming Federation, Naman Javad, Senior Vice President of Strategy and Operations, MPL, Ishan Arya, Co-Founder of the Esports Club, Philip Wong, Head of Marketing, Esports Players League, Dinesh Sharma, Business Head, Commercial PC and Smartphone System Business Group, ASUS India. They'll be talking about decoding the online gaming market in India. I'm sure you are going to be glued onto your screens. Let's welcome our panelists and moderator. A very warm welcome to all of you. Over to you, Dr. Bhattra. Good afternoon, Mr. Powerpack paneler. Next time we shouldn't do a panel discussion. We should actually play games with the panelists. I think it is very boring to do a discussion. Roland, what kind of forum is this? We're talking about Esports and we are not playing a game, but there's always a next time today we'll do a conversation about it, but maybe next time we'll actually be experiential about it and actually play games. And I mean it when I say it. At the end of the reelection is in gaming. Talking necessarily doesn't produce more gamers or more revenues, but it is important to evangelize this growing domain. And we have today panelists who represent this growing domain and they come from various stakeholder ecosystems. So let me bring in Roland Landers, who is the president at the All India Gaming Federation, Ishaan Arya, who is the co-founder and head of business. He founded a community of e-gamers. We have Dinesh Sharma, who represents a manufacturer, an owner of hardware for the digital economy, so to say. We have Navan Javar, who is the vice president strategy at the MPL. I did a conversation with Sai two hours back. And last but not the least, we have Philip Wong, who is again very active in the e-gaming space. Only Cathy, only problem we have here. We have no women. We should have also women in gaming. We should do a separate session on women in gaming. But let me start by asking Roland. Roland, it's a domain which is growing very fast. This one has been very good for gaming as a business with the IP of Nazara. Clearly, if there is interest in its IP, it is because of the growing nature of the domain and the fact that we're still under-penetrated and hence for the next few years, we are only likely to grow. So I would like you to start by making few predictions about the future. Where is the gaming industry headed in India? And what is the top two, three things that will happen to the gaming industry as we go forward? Hi Anurag, thank you for having me. I, Naman and my other families. Yeah, so we've already been in a good place over the last three, four years actually. The sector itself is not too old. It's only about 12 years old. I'm talking about the online skill gaming industry. But yeah, what we've seen over the last three, four years has been clearly phenomenal growth, really acoustic growth. And that's because of the digital infrastructure and fundamentals being in place. Obviously, where we are looking at today, I have to mention some numbers that we've just shared with EY for the future also is that we are currently at about 320 plus million gamers in the country. And this year, the turnover for the sector will be in the excess of a billion dollars. Clearly, absolutely bang on as far as the projections were concerned over the last three, four years. If I have to look into the near future, this is going to grow next month. Onward, there'll be the IPL again, which we know is the reason for a huge uptake in the number of gamers and participation, especially in the fantasy gaming side format. So companies like MPL now look forward to a huge upside. As far as the business is concerned also, this is going to grow in accordance with the last three, four years. So they'll be easily in the excess of 25, 30% for the overall skill gaming sector. Obviously, there are some challenges which I'm sure you'll bring up later. But we need definite support. The way it is structured is a little that is unwanted as far as the country is concerned. But I'm sure that with our interactions at the age of several stakeholders, we are hopeful that that needed support will come. Okay, Roland, let me bring in Naman first, then bring in Dinesh, Shan and Philippe. Naman, as a leading player, give us what you see happening in the future. Right. So I think industry is very, very well placed. You are seeing on both sides, right? Whether it is developers or whether it is consumers or even from the investing community, you've already mentioned the likes of Masara going IPO. So even the retail investors have shown a lot of confidence on the industry. So I think the critical success factors for scaling and growth is out there. And I would see a lot of developments which are going to happen on multiple fronts. One, of course, we would see a lot more Indian game developers making it big to the overall global scenario. I think that's going to be definitely a marked shift change. That's on the first side. The second I would say is the scale of competitive tournaments is going to really go higher. We would see one of those years which will be an infection point for online skill gaming, both on the casual side and also on the pro side as well. That's the second big, I would say, trend that we can expect. The third is, of course, in terms of, from a brand perspective as well, this industry is going to create a lot more opportunity on the brand monetization side as well. And that's something which is already happening, whether it is live sports or even like the online gaming platforms, but that's only going to kind of scale up as well. So I would say, I think these three really, really look poised to be in India. We do see, I've already mentioned about developers, but even the platform play, someone like MBL as well, and a few of the other platforms that have also come, would start to kind of have a much more global play as well. So that's, again, I think, a fourth big trend that we can kind of see in the future. Thank you, Naman, for being specific. Ishan, again, something that started as a hobby became into a full-time profession and a community that grew. Give us a sense of what is likely to happen in the near future. I think we're moving towards a place where esports competitive video games, they're not looked down upon. They become very much part and parcel of everyday entertainment. And that's something that has been really boosted throughout this pandemic, with more and more people looking for alternate means of entertainment and engagement. You know, this digital medium has really filled that void and thrive. And we've seen that with more and more people participating, more and more people watching events. You know, we started off, we're just about 18 months in. At the beginning of the pandemic, we had about, you know, anywhere between 100 and 200,000 views a month across our esports campaigns. Fast forward to, you know, Feb 2021. We are crossing 1.5 to 2 million views every two and a half, three weeks across our campaigns. That's the kind of growth we've seen. That's the kind of interest being generated here. And now I think the main challenge is, you know, to find a way to create a sustainable platform that gives these players the reasons and incentives to keep coming back, therefore creating value for advertisers, sponsors, investors. Fantastic.  There is legitimacy. And clearly, these are early years. So these are the three things I'm hearing from all of you. And considering even fantasy gaming is becoming mainstream, it was looked upon as betting. Let me say it as it is. But it is getting some kind of acceptance if I may use the word. And that is also kind of spurring new users and let me give you two data points. One from investment. The stock market had 2 crore retail investors a year back. The stock market has more than 4 crore retail investors. So what has happened in 20 years has happened in 12 months. If you look at the overseas US retail market, the e-tailing was almost 16% of the overall retail in the US, which is the most advanced e-commerce market. That became 27%. So 16% in 20 years and 11% in 12 months. So clearly, if these numbers are happening in e-tailing, they're happening in the stock market, the e-gaming domain cannot be far behind. So let me now bring Philippe and then bring in Dinesh. Philippe, you're opening comments because you look at India but you look at markets beyond India. So you have a view which is both international and also understands what's happening in India in the Asia aspect. Philippe. Thank you for the introduction, Dr. Anurak. And thank you all the panelists for having me. Philippe Wang from e-sports players ESPL, a little marketing here. Well, we're actually a global e-sports sermon platform that provides across multiple regions. So yes, we have experience with multiple regions, but I think when it comes to the real money gaming fantasy gaming area, I think Roland would really be the expert on this area. But for ESPL in particular, we're focused on building that ecosystem. He mentioned that as well. And through our platform, we actually provide that. So basically what we're aiming to do is build and focus on the grassroots e-sports tournaments and build that kind of platform for players who aspire to reach that e-sports dream. So I think in that area, what we've seen especially for in a global sense, here in India, the community is certainly very competitive, very exciting. But in Southeast Asia, what we've seen, for example, in some of the regions that we're in, the communities are a lot more mature depending on the game title, as well as the country as well. The competitive spirit here is strong, but I think it's good that there's talent development with certain organizations like we've seen T-Mahi and Global e-sports nurture pro talent. But I think a bigger thing that is important is to have more tournaments and more competitions for teams. So I think we have seen how the play style and strategy of teams can skew to a specific direction. So we have observed that teams get used to competing against the same top teams again and again. So having a regional and international tournaments helps expose teams to different competition. And we have seen things like that in Southeast Asia, where a lot of the tournaments are region-wide. So an example of that is the HyperX Elite Cup, which we hosted and organized in Southeast Asia. And that brought over more than 1,500 over teams. And we do this by expanding to more regions. And here in India, we are working with amazing partner TFG e-sports at Paytm First Games. And through that same vein of providing players with competition beyond their own borders, our initiatives like our ESPI Amateur Championship, this is our yearly global tournament focused on providing amateur teams with a platform to broaden their experience and expose their e-sports teams to international audiences. So I think in that sense, building a lot of the bridges and allowing an opportunity for a lot of the teams to also play internationally is an area that I see going forward for India as well. There's been great talent there. But yeah, that's what I see for India in comparison to global areas. Fantastic Philippe Lau, let me bring in Dinesh. Dinesh, clearly India is growing at a pace that we hadn't imagined and we expected COVID to slow down our business and industries. But whether it comes to gaming, it's one of those sectors that has actually got accelerated. Give us a sense of what's happening in this sector through some data points and some trends that you have observed in your role. Sure, Anurad, thanks a lot for this opportunity. Hi everyone and a big hi to all the co-panelists including Aishan again. So couple of key points Anurad, we are the largest gaming brand in the world when it comes to ROG which is a sub-brand within the ASUS portfolio which is called Republic of Gamers. So we are globally number one both on PC side as well as smartphone side when it comes to gamers. And in both PCs as well as smartphones, we are seeing a phenomenal growth when it comes to gaming centric products. So when you actually look at products which are designed for gaming, they are pretty much different from your standard designed products. We're clearly seeing a good growth out there. The factors which are driving the growth have been highlighted by a couple of co-panelists already. One of the key trends that we are seeing is that when the pandemic occurred, obviously you wanted to connect with each other culturally and gaming became a perfect platform to get together and virtually play with each other. So in fact, I would like to say that eSports is trending in a manner that it will become as big as Cricket at a point of time because when we were young, we used to go out and play Cricket every day. What are the youth doing today? They are actually playing an eSports game while they are free, while they are traveling. It's a great stress cluster. So as more and more AAA plus titles are also further coming to larger democratized product segments which are like, let's say smartphones. Apart from having those AAA titles available on PC and consoles, you are seeing a much faster penetration of multiplayer gaming and also one of the big changes which happened in the Indian market is the availability of 4G at very, very economical prices once you came into the play and it democratized high-speed data networks. It led to huge growth in gaming and one big friendship which is also further coming up is essentially 5G. So once 5G comes into the play and already the top-end gaming devices and flagships are obviously 5G enabled, you will have further capability to give even better immersive experience on smartphone gaming than what is available even now. Therefore, that will lead to further surge in gaming adoption, gaming consumption, the time that is being spent on gaming. In fact, all these stats, KPIs, if you were to look at it from an industry perspective, are actually on a very high double-digit growth phase as far as India is concerned. So therefore, if you were to look at all the trends, they are pointing in a direction which indicates that gaming is here to grow quite big when it comes to both smartphones as well as when it comes to PCs. Again, with some data points on the smartphone side, we operate, let's say, in the top-end of the market where we have product sales at about 40K, 45K price points. Even at these price points, by being a gaming-centric product, which is ROG phone, we've been able to grow this year at a much bigger number as compared to last year. And again, this year, we are planning to grow much better than even, so let's say, when I was comparing this year last year, I'm talking about let's say the financial okay. And then if you look at the next year, next financial year, let's say between April to March again, we would again expect a very big growth rate out there as well. On the PCs front, when it comes to gaming-centric PCs, again, on the ROG brand and the Tough Brand, the two brands that we have, we've actually been growing with very, very high double digits. And also, we are seeing the market expand at the segment of gaming PCs in India, expand at a very high double-digit growth rate. So both on the PC side, as well as smartphone side, we were seeing a phenomenally high growth despite the fact that there were some changes which happened recently in the past in the smartphone ecosystem with a major game title going offline. But despite that, the consumers just shifted and they adopted other available options. And still, I can say the indulgence and the fact that they spent equal amount of time gaming that continues. It's just that the game changes, that's all. So that's what we've observed from us. Thank you, Dinesh. Now, let me start this time, Revers. Let me start with really, when we look at the e-sports market, we look at fantasy sports, we look at real money gaming, you look at all these segments. Clearly, international titles are very big. The Indian game developer ecosystem is growing and with the interest in the sector, with the money flowing in this, most of the modern people getting passionate, you'll see more and more games coming out of India, hopefully, and dominating the market. And the beauty about the games is that they are not language-specific, they are international. So do you see Indian games, I want to ask you this question because I wanted, do you see Indian games becoming mainstream when it comes to global success? I think it's certainly possible. And the talent is there, certainly for sure. So we've seen multiple games come out, especially with the hype of e-sports. I, myself, when I was really, really young, that was the number one thing that I just told my parents every day, e-sports is going to be huge, e-sports could be huge. And now it is, right? We're looking at 500 million over audiences, whether it's going to be just a casual game that's being developed in India, or an e-sports game specifically, there is a market for it. We've seen games, for example, in Indonesia, where we've done tournaments, for example, a new title done by Indonesian developers called Lokapala, for example, and we've done a tournament for them before to kind of launch into that sector. So I think, you know, that is the opportunity there. And well, if developers want to try to hand that they got an e-sports title that they want to enter and try it out, they can always speak to ESP out there and have a look at that. That's very diplomatic on the Philippe clearly, but let me start by asking Ishan this time. Ishan, how do we make sure that you talk about passion, you talk about deceptibility, you talk about mainstreaming, how do you make sure that the Indian developer ecosystem produces titles that really go on to dominate in the world? That's how we will become a leader, both in terms of the sport and both in terms of a business. And really it will plow back into the ecosystem to grow the ecosystem. What do you have to say to that? I think the most important thing here is to just note the distinction between the two types of games. Indian developers are very good at what they do. There have been a lot of standout titles of late Raji, to name one in particular, that has been received extremely well overseas. So there's definitely no shortage of talent and capabilities. However, taking that next step to producing a full service game that needs to have a longer lifespan, that needs to have constant content updates, that has that crazy online multiplayer component to it, that requires a whole bunch of different skills and capabilities, which not a lot of developers, I would say, have that much experience in. And not to mention, it requires much more investment to put up the servers and support for a game like that. However, in India, being a country where the technology sector is growing at such a space, we are one of the leading hubs where people look for developmental support. I certainly see it as a possibility, but it's not an easy roadmap to get there, to compete with these college titles. Yes, you need a lot of polish, you need a lot of features and you need a lot of constant support to really make it in that industry and field. Okay, let me bring in Dinesh, Roland and Nishan into the conversation again. First you, Roland, Roland, how do we become a global phenomenon? Indian titles have started to do well, how do we become a global phenomenon in the overall arena? Yeah, I'm not totally equipped to answer that, but yeah, I think I hope Anilasi, Shah and Philly, and even Naman actually, MPL was started by game developers and they drink so well. So really, what I think at a very high level, we all know that globally, is that Indians are very good in technology and creativity. So if you combine the two, obviously, I think it is quite possible to, what I've heard at my role here is that a lot of game development is now happening in India. It's not just outsourced, but these are Indians working on globalized teams and they are big studios who set up shop here and I'm sure with that kind of experience of co-working together, they will be products. Some of the panelists mentioned about certain e-sport formats that are doing well. I know certain cricket games that are doing extremely well. So I'm sure Naman will be better equipped to answer, but that is my take on this particular question. Naman, why don't you answer this and then we'll bring in Dinesh to give his perspective? No, I think, see, let's look at it in terms of why we are now kind of well-placed as well. I mean, earlier the dominant models around monetization purely were kind of, I think, predominantly reliant on ad monetization of a certain extent in app purchases, which then made sense for creating games largely that can kind of make the survival if I can call it for the developers. And that is now kind of changing. Our panelists talked about e-sports. There's of course like competitive gaming, real money gaming, skill-based gaming as well, which has again come as a new monetization model. And that is definitely kind of enabled developers to think about scale. Now when you have that kind of a scale in terms of monetization, you can think about that scale development as well. Because the talent is out there. You have the right art talent, you have the right game design talent, you have the right product management talent to be out there. What was needed was the right impetus in terms of investment, a right distribution model and also right monetization model, which with the coming of platforms like MPL, we've created that ecosystem that can enable these developers to think big. And I think that's markedly one of the biggest change that the industry has seen. What else would actually also enable this? There's a lot of, while we see a bunch of stakeholders giving it legitimacy, I think there are, there is also pockets of perception that is not really kind of working in the favor of the industry, which again kind of impacts the developer itself at the end of the day. Because you're talking about an industry that has clarity in terms of policy, in terms of certain regulations, then you're talking about job creation, you're talking about Indian developers making a mark globally. But that also is critical in the hope to make sure that the sunrise industry does see scale, not just in India, but also global. Okay, Dinesh, your point of view on how to get India to dominate and have a large part and grow the ecosystem in India, even much more than what it has grown now. Sure. See firstly, you know, like from, if you look at the top, at least on the smartphone side, if you look at the top e-sport gaming titles in the world, okay, India is a prime market for them. Because in terms of installed base of customers, whether you look at the monthly active numbers, or let's say you're going to install base of customers from India on these games, they are running an excess of 100 million consumers. So let's say if you know like as Roland earlier spoke about the fact that there are about 320 million gamers in India who will be playing any kind of a game on a smartphone. If you were to look at the big titles, they had installed base of, let's say upwards of 70, 80 million for sure. And you were to look at the top three titles and you were to look at the combined install base in India, it would actually exceed 100 million. And these games are talking about the very immersive games, which are apps for e-sports. Of course, India, Indians typically, you know, like prefer the first player shooter format and we've seen that format really exceedingly well when it comes to adoption of games. So from an ecosystem perspective, Indian developers are very close to the Indian consumers in terms of understanding their need. And they have a very large domestic market readily available to them, comprising of more than 100 million, you know, quite serious gamers. And if you look at the monthly active base also, very serious gamers, they would typically exceed a number of 35 to 40 million in India. Now, this is a very healthy established ecosystem available for Indian game developers to capitalize upon, because they can understand the need better being local, and try and see how they can actually innovate and come up with great phenomenal game, games which might appeal to this audience. And the other good part is that if they're able to appeal to this audience, there is a very large global audience, which is local life, you know, in marketing terms, if I were to call it. And this local like audience would also, you know, they can adopt, you know, what these Indian gamers are adopting, because Indian gamers are pretty much adopted international titles for reasons well covered by our other co-panelists before in terms of the kind of tech and investment that is required to create. So for Indian developers, this is a great opportunity that they can leverage. The good part for them is that 4G is very well established out there, 5G is coming up. The device ecosystem, you know, which is required for supporting good quality of games is also accelerating in terms of penetration very, very fast. And they have a large base of, you know, high performance smartphones and PCs available to them to capitalize upon. So there's a huge opportunity which Indian developers should make use of. From our perspective, also we had, let's say for example, partnership with Unity, which is one of the gaming engines for our products to give additional capabilities on our products. Now, when we were working with Unity, India was also one of the key focus markets for us to develop the meets. And we were doing that, which means there's already a strong base of and focus by even giving engines for the Indian market. So I think the Indian developers have a very good fertile home ground that they should capitalize upon and make use of this opportunity. Thank you. Now, let me bring in Roland. Roland, one of the things is policy risk. How do you bring policy consistency to this industry? Because the more policies consistency you bring in, the more investments it will attract. It will attract legitimate big players apart from entrepreneurial young players who really create this, who have created this domain. So how do you make sure you bring policy, certainty, and in what areas? And the other question is about creating content in Indian languages, which can bring in new set of users as you unlock the value of Indian language gaming content that possibly can bring in the next 100 million to 100 million users. So on these two, I would like your comments, Roland. Yeah, so we'll take the policy thing first. Obviously, at the age of we've been at it for the last five years, and gaming is a state subject. However, the business is entirely digital and online. And hence, there are issues definitely. All the stakeholders barring policy obviously, and mind you, the industry is self regulated, like we do at the age for the sector. The thing is that despite that, it has grown to such a humongous level. Obviously, it's a new sector. It's a sunrise sector. And that is why like, you know, OTT before us or even media entertainment before us, television broadcasting have been self regulated for the longest time. But obviously, you know, we've been approached by a lot of central ministries. We worked, you know, unsolicited manner with them. And they are very eager to support the industry because, you know, it has demonstrated in the last few four years that here's a sector that can really, you know, add value in terms of, you know, drop creation in terms of the taxation to the extract and things like that. Now, you know, but the fact of the matter is it's a state subject. And then, you know, different states interpret online still getting differently. And that's where the issue is. Obviously, as part of our mandate, we work with several states, it's work in progress, we continue to do that. And, you know, most of the time it is a lack of understanding of the sector itself. India is uniquely positioned in that way because, you know, in other countries, they don't have this differentiation between games of scale and otherwise.  And that's why, as you began saying in the beginning, that, you know, fantasy sports was equated with something. But that's the reason why.  Number of gamers growing year on year. I'm, you know, recently we did a report with the Naval Capital Advisors. And there's been in the excess of 400 million worth of, you know, MNA that has happened in the sector over the last three to four years. So absolutely no problem, you know, confidence from the investor community. It's just that, you know, definitely we need to look at some national, you know, policy and we are working in that direction which can mitigate this problem that comes from different interpretations from various things. That I think is the answer to the first question. The second one, the second one, obviously, you began by saying, you know, gaming is agnostic, language agnostic, I believe that. And hence. Yes, that is true. But that is more in terms of, you know, a certain kind of audience, but beyond a certain kind of audience, we need to bring in a larger audience than possibly, possibly.  But really, you know, where we, you know, focus our interest on are in the subscription layer or transactional side of gaming. And there I believe, you know, because it is not looking at, you know, advertising as a source of revenue and creating content around it. I think this form of transactional gaming is really a language agnostic. And, you know, it is shown demonstrated that year on year, there's been a healthy double digit growth in, you know, in the number of gamer uptake. Fantastic. Now, our conference is called Game On. Keep the game on for the next two, three years and take it the game to a next level. I would want to get a closing comment from each one of you on what is that one thing you are doing in your area of influence in what you are doing to make sure that the gaming pie grows. So let me start with Philippe first and go around the house. Philippe. Thank you. Well, for ESPL, I think it's a matter of thinking global, but going local. So what we do at the end of the day is we work with country partners. We've got a franchise model with our platform that's easily sent throughout our regions that we're in. We're in Latin America, South Asia, Southeast Asia, Mina, we're in Scandinavia as well. And I think what we're doing at the moment is through our platform, I'm connecting with multiple country partners who already have an existing community. For example, here in India, we have PTM First Games has amazing large community of gamers who are looking to play esports games in particular as well and engaging with them and connecting them with our larger audience that we are present in the multiple regions that we're in. So what we're doing is connecting players across the world through our platform and giving them that zero to hero journey through our platform, hopefully. Thank you, Philippe, for making the game global and believing in the power of partnerships. Ishan, what are you doing to be able to grow this sector, not just your own sphere of influence, but in some way contributing to the growth of the overall sector? So I think the main objective here is to continue to provide opportunities, right? Because if you look at sports, there are leagues that run throughout the year. There are different levels of competition that players can sort of work their way through as they grow older, right? You've got your school levels, your local levels, district, state, then your amateur leagues, your semi-pro leagues, and then you get picked up by one of the lower divisions, and then you make your way up to the likes of the ISL. So that's what we want to try and create for Esports by providing that platform, by providing that opportunity at several tiers. What this does is not only give them that recurring opportunity to own their skills and to improve, but also to try and create a sustainable job out of it, right? Somebody competing at an amateur or a semi-pro tier, they don't have to worry about competing with the best teams who are competing for the separate tri-school altogether. You look at most organizers, most events, it's just one jumble of teams, it's a free for all, the best comes, and you can probably pick out the names on just one hand, who's going to walk away with 95% of the money, right? We are trying to change that entire approach, change that ecosystem to ensure at every level of competition, there is enough incentive for players so that once there are more players, there is more interest, there are more fans, there are more viewers and that creates more value for your sponsors, advertisers and investors. And you know, Ishaan, with the possibility, I mean, Esports have already been included in Asian Games, there is a very, very real chance very soon that they may be part of next year's Olympic Games, and if that happens, then clearly the competitor, there's nothing more enthralling and engaging than watching a competitor sport and gaming has, is possibly made for a screen. Whether a television screen or a mobile screen on an iPad, you know, the format of the game is such that it attracts audiences, it is accelerating to be part of it by watching it and commenting on it. So clearly that acceleration may take it to the next level. Dinesh and Naman, your final comments. Yeah, sure, thanks. So first of all, as a company, we give the best and the most ultimate weapons to the games. So whether it be your next smartphones or PCs, we give you the most ultimate weapon. But apart from that, when it comes to building up the Esports community, we are taking two major measures. One, you know, we run this tournament called Battle of Gods, which is, you know, for ROG users and every weekend, you know, we have an Esports tournament for ROG for users, which they can participate in and we have a price pool of 50,000 rupees plus for them, which they can win. And we successfully conducted now already two weeks on Battle of Gods 1 and Battle of Gods 2 on the ROG phone. Plus, we've got similar kind of tournaments on the PC side. We also started on the PC side and ROG academy, you know, to train gamers, you know, who are really keen to become Esports players on Esports and make them capable to participate in the Esports tournament. Given the clarity on PC, already on PC, ROG academies started working with the teams that are being trained to become Esports players. And on the smartphone side, we are, you know, we're kind of waiting to see, you know, like how the ecosystem now moves forward, on which, you know, let's say the game platform will become the mainstream Esports game. And then we would like to issue this even for smartphones. So we are working on upskilling. We are working on training of gamers. We are working on giving them the best equipment in the country and the best support to kind of embrace high quality Esports and have, you know, the best possible teams in the world and win global tournaments from India. We also partner very closely with the big gamers in India and we take a lot of their input in terms of what we should do in terms of further product development. So you will see us working, you'll see us actually working with the top gamers on the smartphone ecosystem as well as the PC ecosystem, as well as a lot of tech gurus, you know, who kind of work on product news, etc. Take their inputs to create the best gaming products even going forward. So this is a nutshell about what we are doing. Great. Naman, your final comments. So two customers for MPL, I think a lot of focus is to kind of enable, you know, both of them to scale. One, of course, is on the developer side. So working a lot with bunch of Indian studios and Indian developer ecosystem to kind of help them scale and scale with better and faster monetization. So that's one part of the focus area that MPL focuses on to really, really develop the community. The second on the user side, I think what we've actively also taken is a fair bit of focus on responsible gaming. We do understand the risks that are associated with the industry and we want this to kind of grow and grow sustainably. So I think that's, again, a big charter that MPL has taken and has a clear focus in the next two, three years to promote responsible gaming. And on the third side is ready to, you know, kind of break the myths, right? We just went live with one of our sort of sensitization campaign, if I can call it with hand-to-face, where even one of the Olympic medals back in 96 and we have an Asian Games that is coming up in 22. And the idea there is that, look, I think the medals can be won in both fields, whether it is live sports or, you know, sort of virtual sports. And then this time, yeah, that's, I mean, so it goes by the tagline called Medan Naya Nebat Kheil Vahil. And that's the spirit that we want to kind of embrace and, you know, promote this industry. Thank you so much. We are talking to the pioneers of the gaming industry, catalysts who are making this sector vibrant and making it mainstream and making it exciting both for players, for audiences, for investors, for marketers, for all the stakeholders. So let me congratulate them and say the game is truly on. We're delighted that you could join the exchange for media gaming conference today. And while we are doing this virtually, hopefully next time around, we'll do it in hybrid, physical and online model. Hybrid is a word that gets used a lot. I'm sure it'll get used in gaming too when it comes to large format gaming tournament. And clearly, the beauty about technology and digital is it helps you to scale up without geographical restrictions. And gaming has been a big beneficiary of COVID because the digital acceleration has really helped people get on to gaming and pursue their passion of gaming and the extra time available to them for some of them has gone into gaming. So clearly, the game is on. Congratulations, Roland, for doing the work you've done for this sector over the last four in five years. And I'm sure the work you've done in the last few years will manifest itself in the coming year. So I wish you luck and I look forward to next time playing a game on a show with you. Thank you so much.  Thank you. Thank you, everyone. Thank you.


And since I appear to you just as a little tiny head in a corner of a screen, I thought I might appear as a slightly bigger head in front of the screen and just tell you a bit about myself before I jump into telling you about what I do and some of the things that I find exciting. So I am a radio astronomer, which means that I use telescopes like the Parkes Telescope that you can see in the center of your image there. And the Parkes Telescope is often called the Grand Old Lady of Radio Astronomy. It's a 64-meter dish. And I tend to joke that I went into radio astronomy because I like big toys and there's not much that's bigger than the Parkes Telescope. But the telescope on the bottom left-hand corner in China is quite a bit bigger. It's a 500-meter telescope. So if you can imagine the size of your swimming pool at the Olympic pool, multiply that by a factor of 10. And that's how big that telescope is all the way across. So I spend my days and nights using radio telescopes in order to study both our own galaxy and our galactic friends, the Magellanic Clouds, that I'm going to tell you a little bit about tonight. So it's often said that every star you can see when you look up in the sky is part of the Milky Way. But that's not quite true. In fact, some of the stars that we see are part of the Magellanic Clouds, which were first written down by Magellan when Magellan came into the Southern Hemisphere, although they've been known by Indigenous cultures in the Southern Hemisphere for many, many, many tens of thousands of years before that. So the Magellanic Clouds are these little blobs of gas that we can see in the left-hand side of the image. So we see in this image that are you not able to see my slides? Sorry, okay. Make certain this is sharing my screen. Hopefully you've got my slides now. Okay, so hopefully we've got slides now. Sorry about that. I assumed that they were there, but now you are. So now you can see this wonderful picture of the Parkes Telescope. So the Parkes Telescope in the center here, the 64-meter telescope, and on the left-hand side is the fast 500-meter telescope. So these radio telescopes, they look sort of familiar to many of us because they look like satellite dishes, but these are much more sophisticated and looking much further out into the universe than your typical satellite dish. So the beautiful image of the night sky, which you didn't have the pleasure of seeing, but now you can see, is this is taken in one of the East Ocides, European Southern Observatory site for the very large telescope. And you can see the band of stars that stretches across the bottom of the screen there. That's the Milky Way, but the little smudges of stars that are on the left-hand side are the large and the small Magellanic clouds. And you can, if you are lucky enough to live in the Southern Hemisphere, you can step outside and see them on some nights. And they tend to look like clouds, which is why they got named that way. So you might think, oh, there's just a bit of cloud in that otherwise clear sky, but in fact, it is a nearby galaxy. So what is a galaxy? Well, a galaxy is a cluster of billions or millions of stars, millions, billions, even trillions of stars that are all joined together as one kind of grouping. And our galaxy, the Milky Way, is part of the local group of galaxies. So the local group of galaxies is all the galaxies that interact with our own galaxy. The Milky Way is the big fellow in that room. It has the largest amount of mass. And near to us are a couple of little dwarf galaxies called Canis Major and the Sagittarius Galaxy. The Sagittarius Galaxy is kind of pathetic. It's about 50,000 light years away from us. And it's pretty much old and red and dead. And it's not a terribly exciting galaxy. But if we step a little bit further out from the Milky Way, we step out to about 180,000 light years, we come across the Large Magellanic Cloud. And the Large Magellanic Cloud is about 30,000 light years in diameter. It's much smaller than the Milky Way. The Milky Way is more than 100,000 light years across. And then next to it is the Small Magellanic Cloud, which is kind of its friend. So when I said this talk was about getting to know the neighbors, if we've just moved into this neighborhood, we've landed on Galaxy Milky Way, you might want to go next door and see who's there and find out a little bit about them, find out whether they're interesting or whether they're going to be messy or noisy neighbors. And so hopefully through this talk, you'll get an idea a little bit about who is part of the the neighbors, who the Large and the Small Magellanic Clouds are. So there are a number of other galaxies that we can see through the local group. And this image here is meant to put them in the kind of relative sizing that they would look like on the sky. So the Milky Way is enormous, it's the enormous big spiraling, swirling, twisting bit of gas and stars on the bottom left. And the Magellanic Clouds sit off on the right hand side and you get an idea of the sense of scale on the sky relative to us. So the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds are nearest interesting neighbors. You might think of Draco and Sagittarius as kind of just interlopers, they've just dropped in, but the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds have been in the neighborhood for a while and they're kind of interesting ones. They have a lot going on. So the next door neighbor, the Large Magellanic Cloud on the left hand side there, about 180,000 light years away, it's interacting with both us and the next next door neighbor, the Small Magellanic Cloud, which is about 210,000 light years away. And what we're looking at when we're looking at these images of these galaxies are all of their stars and also a lot of the gas that exists in those galaxies themselves. So the big reddish purple regions, that's some of the hot gas that surrounds the very massive stars. And the kind of blurry bits that you can see, those are all the stars that sort of add up together to be one kind of smudge of stars. So the Large Magellanic Cloud is about 10 billion solar masses. So that means it's about 10 billion times the mass of our own sun. And the Small Magellanic Cloud is about six and a half billion solar masses. Now for comparison, the Milky Way, our own galaxy, the place where we live, is about one and a half trillion solar masses. So it's a lot bigger. It's almost 10 times, almost a thousand times bigger. It's a much, much bigger galaxy. And it kind of bosses these two little ones around. And so in fact, the the SMC and the LMC do interact with the Milky Way. And they interact by gravity. So the two little galaxies orbit around each other spinning around and their gravity pulls on each other and transfers a bit of material from one to the other. But then the whole pair of those galaxies is orbiting or coming into orbit around our own galaxy, the Milky Way. And a lot of the material from those galaxies is being pulled away by the gravity of the Milky Way, which is so strong compared with those two. So my field is not to look at stars, but to look at the stuff between the stars. And I personally think that it's much more interesting than the stars itself, because this is the stuff from which the stars form. So it's like the seeds and the dirt to make the stars. And it's also the soil to which they return when they die. So the interstellar matter is a very interesting part of galaxies and contains a lot of the clues about how galaxies are built up and how they lived their lives. But it's only a tiny fraction of the mass of the entire galaxy. So interstellar matter is about 10 percent of visible matter in terms of mass. And it's very, very low in density. It has densities that are anywhere between 0.001 to up to a million particles per cubic centimeter. So imagine a cubic centimeter.  And inside that, you might be lucky to have a million atoms, but more likely you have one atom, only one atom. By contrast here on Earth, the atmosphere has 10 to the 19. So that's one with 19 zeros after there, molecules in every one of those cubic centimeter boxes. It's enormously more dense just in the air around us rather than the entire interstellar gas. And if you went from here to the nearest star with a butterfly net the size of a football field, you get a gram of material. So there's not very much of it. But it's exciting stuff and I'll show you why. The most abundant atom in interstellar gas is hydrogen. So hydrogen is a very, very simple atom. Physicists like me, we love hydrogen. It's very, very easy to understand. It's just a proton and electron. It's very simple. And it produces a little radio channel. It has its own radio channel at 1420 megahertz. So it produces just exactly at that frequency a little bit of a radio signal that we can detect with our radio telescopes. And the great thing about it is that if that hydrogen is moving with respect to us, if it's going away from us or it's coming towards us, it's Doppler shifted. And that means it changes its frequency just like the siren of an ambulance going away from you or coming towards you. It's pitch changes and that's by the Doppler effect. The same thing happens to the atomic hydrogen line. It's frequency changes. And so the frequency moves just a little bit. And that tells us about the velocity of the gas as it's moving with respect to us. So how quickly it's moving away from us or towards us. And we use this powerful technique to be able to understand how galaxies are rotating. And that tells us about how much matter is inside the galaxies that allows us to weigh galaxies. It also allows us to look further and further back in time and tell how far away something is by looking at its redshift. And it can also tell us just a lot about how things are moving inside a galaxy. It's a way of tracking things like we track the wind speed on the earth or how clouds are moving around. So we can detect the hydrogen gas with a radio telescope. And radio telescopes are a wonderful things of beauty, not the least because they can operate during the day, which is a wonderful thing if you happen to be an astronomer.  But the other thing about looking for atomic hydrogen is that the wavelength of the radiation that we're looking at is about 21 centimeters, which is, you know, a reasonably big size. And that goes through clouds and rainstorms and doesn't care about most of the weather. So one of our great new tools for being able to study the atomic hydrogen distribution in galaxies is the Australian SK Pathfinder. So this is a brand new telescope that's being constructed in Western Australia or has been constructed in Western Australia. And this is an image of it here. It's out in the middle of nowhere, quite literally really the middle of nowhere. There are about 250 people in an area the size of the Netherlands where this telescope is. And the telescope extends over about six kilometers or closer to eight kilometers. And it's made up of all these little dishes. And each one of the dishes has this very clever little camera on it.  So the phased array feed is sort of a multipixel camera, like your camera on your phone or your iPad, which can see number of megapixels. This one has a number of hundreds of pixels. And it allows us to look at hydrogen much faster than we ever could before. So why would we care to look at hydrogen? Well, when we look at hydrogen in a galaxy, we get a very different view than we do when we just look at the stars. So if you look at a galaxy like M51 here, the center image is the optical image. That's what we see with our eyes. And that's what most of us are used to seeing a beautiful Hubble space telescope image of the galaxy in optical. And that shows us where the stars are and where the stars that are kind of boring stars like our sun. But if we go up into the ultraviolet to the right of that optical, it allows us to see the really hot stars, the really big massive stars that are 10, 15 times as massive as the sun.  If we go all the way up into the x-ray, we can see gas that's 10 million degrees in temperature. And it looks quite different. The same galaxy on the right-hand side looks very different than it does in the center. And if we go the other direction, we go through the infrared, which allows us to see smaller cooler stars than the sun and also dust in the galaxy. And all the way down into the radio where we can look at hydrogen gas and look at the stuff from which the stars are built. And whichever wavelength you choose, the galaxy looks quite different. So what happens if we look at our Magellanic friends? So this image shows the small Magellanic cloud, which is on the left hand side just shown in the stars. This is from the Gaia telescope. And it's got a bar-like structure across it. So it's sort of a long linear feature that's made up of stars. And we're looking kind of at the edge of the galaxy along it. Like little blobs that are off to the top above it are actually things that are in the foreground closer to us.  It's kind of a blob. It's okay. But if you look at it in the dust, like the middle one, this is looking at interstellar dust, things between the stars that are in red there. And this is warm dust. It can be maybe well, it's warm in the sense that it's maybe minus 150 degrees Celsius. And some of the stuff that's greenish there is quite cool. That's all the way down to minus 260 degrees Celsius. But the minus 150 degrees Celsius, that's quite warm by interstellar standards. It's not too bad. It's pretty cold out there in space. And if you go over to the right hand side, this is where we get to really warm gas. This is gas that's about 10,000 degrees. And it shows up as these hot regions around stars in purple and then the stars themselves. But if we take our radio lies and we look at the atomic hydrogen, we get quite a different view. So this is an image that we made a couple of years ago using that new telescope, the Australian SK Pathfinder in Western Australia, to look at the atomic hydrogen. And you can see it looks kind of similar to the dust in some ways. It's sort of a triangular shape, but it has a lot of interesting bits that come off of it, fluffy things around it. And I said that one of the great advantages of looking at atomic hydrogen is that it allows you to look at the movement of the gas. So when you're looking at atomic hydrogen, you can measure its velocity moving away from us. And then movie that hopefully you're seeing there is a movie which slowly steps through this galaxy by its velocity. So what we get with atomic hydrogen is not just a two-dimensional image on the sky, just a flat picture of all the stars or all the dust. But we get a three-dimensional image where we're seeing the image on the sky, but then how that different parts of that image are moving with respect to us here on Earth. And that allows us to really understand what's going on inside a galaxy. How does the gas move to form new stars? How does stars blow the galaxy apart and suddenly tell a lot about the the galaxy by looking at the hydrogen gas? Now what about the large Magellanic Cloud? So the large Magellanic Cloud we can see on the left here as looking in the stars. So this is an image made with the Vista telescope of the European Southern Observatory in Chile. And you can see we have a sort of bar-like structure with some edges around it. But when you look in the dust it looks really, really different. It looks quite more extended, much more sort of circular, flat-on thing with big huge gaps in the dust which are filled with hot gas. And then on the right hand side it looks kind of like a mixture between those two. You can see where the stars are from the left hand side image, but you can also see where the purple blobs are and that's where the very hot gas is. So when we look in the atomic gas, again it looks a lot like the dust. So this is the atomic hydrogen gas made with the Australia Telescope Compact Array. And one of the things that we'll be doing over the next year is to go back and visit this galaxy with the new Australian SKA Pathfinder and look at it in much greater detail than we were able to see in the past. And it's like we're getting a whole new set of glasses moving from those glasses that don't really work and you're seeing everything blurry to really ones that are perfect prescription for your eyes and everything comes into sharp focus. And so I can show this image here of what we think the galaxy looks like, but what we'll know in a year's time will be way, way much better. So I said that the hydrogen gas tells us a little bit more about the galaxies and I showed you them individually, but what do they look like all together? The two Magellanic clouds together. So this is an image of the southern sky from in the optical and it looks kind of like what you would see if it were a clear night where you were in the southern hemisphere and you stepped out the side, you'd see a band of stars that would be the Milky Way, but you probably wouldn't see the Magellanic clouds very well. But if you go a bit further out to someplace where it's nice and dark, you would see the band of the Milky Way, which stretches across the sky there. And the two smudges of the large and the small Magellanic clouds, which are quite close to the center of your image there. But if you put on your hydrogen eyes, you see that those two galaxies, which look like they're just sitting separate from each other, the large and the small Magellanic cloud and separate from the Milky Way, are connected together with a band of gas. So the blue gas in the center, those are the large and the small Magellanic clouds and they're connected together with hydrogen gas. And furthermore, there's actually a whole tale of gas that streams up to the top and that's called the Magellanic stream. And this Magellanic stream of gas is the evidence that we have that these clouds are interacting with the Milky Way. And the band of gas that's between those two galaxies is the evidence that we have that they interact with each other. So by moving around each other, they're pulling gas off of each other and by moving around the Milky Way's halo, the Milky Way is pulling gas off of them. So you might think of them as rather untidy neighbors. They're the sort of neighbors you don't really want to move in next to because they throw their stuff all over the place. They've got their bits and bobs all over your garden and the next garden over and they're really causing a bit of a mess. So the Magellanic stream is shown here on the bottom of this image of them around the Milky Way. It wraps almost entirely around the Milky Way. It goes about 200 degrees on the sky. So it goes a long way around the sky. And it has about 800 million times the mass of the sun in gas spread out there. This was first discovered in the 1960s, but nobody really knew exactly what it was until the mid-1970s when Matthewson discovered that it was actually connected to the entire bits of the galaxies. And recently, about 10, 15 years ago, people mapped out the orbits of the Magellanic clouds and realized that they were only just coming into the Milky Way for the first time. So this is their first passage into the Milky Way. And yet the Milky Way has pulled the gas apart off of these galaxies most spectacularly. So you can just shift this around and look at it a different way. So the band that strips through on the left-hand side is the Milky Way. Plunging down towards it are the large and the small Magellanic cloud with this trailing bit of material coming off of the right-hand side and creating quite a mess around our neighborhood. So these are messy neighbors. So we've been wondering for quite a while how to explain all of the gas that exists around the Magellanic clouds and in the Milky Way's halo from the Magellanic clouds. It's quite difficult to pull off all of this gas and distribute it around the Milky Way. But just about a month ago, there was a new paper published with a set of simulations which show the gas of those galaxies in flowing. So the movie that you can see is a simulation designed to reproduce the observational information that we have on the left. So in this simulation they take the large and the small Magellanic clouds and they orbit each other and they drop those in to the Milky Way and the Milky Way pulls the gas off of those galaxies and makes the mess. So in fact it's not really the Magellanic clouds fault that they're messy neighbors. It's really kind of our fault. We pulled all the stuff out of their house and draped it all around our houses. So I'll just wrap up here with a couple of final points. So this image here is looking through the Azcap telescope with the nice camera that we have mounted on the Azcap telescope. And you can see in it the large and the small Magellanic clouds on either side of that white bar there. They are our closest living neighbors. There's a couple of other neighbor galaxies that are only just barely alive but these are very living active galaxies and they're about 200,000 light years away. They're pretty tiny. They're about six to 10 billion times the mass of the Sun and by comparison the Milky Way is one and a half trillion solar masses so it's a much bigger beast. They're flinging their stuff all over our garden. They're leaving their hydrogen gas all over the place and we can see it almost entirely around the sky of the Milky Way. And eventually this is one of the most fascinating parts. Eventually the Milky Way will buy them out or consume them is another way of putting it. And the Milky Way will gravitationally pull these galaxies in so that we pull all of the gas off of them and they merge in with our galaxy. And over the history of the universe this is how the big galaxies get bigger. They buy out the little ones by causing them to merge in and the Milky Way is a big galaxy for a reason. It does exactly this. It consumes other galaxies. It has consumed them in the past and it will consume them in the future. So I'll leave that summary up there and I can see I've got a bunch of questions here so I'll try to answer some of these questions. So hopefully I've convinced you that these galaxies do interact. Now we can get the mass of a galaxy. I've got a question. How do you get the mass of a galaxy? And one of the ways that we get the mass of the galaxy is by measuring the rotational velocity of gas in the galaxy or stars in the galaxy. And by seeing how fast it goes around we can use laws of physics in order to estimate how much matter is inside the orbit in the same way that we can tell how massive the Sun is by how quickly the Earth is going around the Sun. Then we can use that same process to understand the mass of a galaxy. So in terms of understanding studying interstellar matter the question is how do you study it if you can't reach it? And this is one of those great frustrations of astronomers that we have to sit here on Earth and try to figure out what's happening out there without being able to go to it and measure it. But we have these wonderful little signals that we can use and for hydrogen it's this particular spectral line this particular radio channel that hydrogen produces that allows us to know that it's there and to put it all together and figure out how much is there. And we can figure out how much is there so how do you measure the density of it. We can tell how much is there by looking at how strong the signal is. So if we see a really really bright spectral line then we know there's a lot of hydrogen and if it's very weak then we know there's not very much out there. I have a nice question about what made me decide to research the LMC and the SMC out of everything that's out there and I think that's a great question because as you know the universe is filled with an immense number of fascinating things to study. But I chose the SMC and the LMC and indeed our own galaxy as well because they're things that all of you everybody who's not a professional astronomer can relate to. They're things that you can see and I think it's more exciting in some ways to be able to look at something that all of us can access and then to be able to try to delve into the details of it and understand it a bit better and try to explain it to other people. Okay lots and lots of questions. So the gas that we're talking about is not quite a plasma. I have a question is this a plasma and it's not quite a plasma. A plasma we tend to use to refer to as a gas where the hydrogen has separated at least an interstellar space we use it that way. So the protons and the electrons are no longer together in an atom but if they're in an atom then we call it atomic hydrogen gas and that's where that comes from. There's a great question about how do you create an image from a radio telescope if you're only detecting the signals and I could give probably well I do give an entire course on this but what we look for is we're measuring an electrical signal of voltage from our telescopes and we look at every single position on the sky and then we see if we have more voltage or less voltage and we can put those together to create an image but it's quite a complicated process but we've mastered it over the last 70 years of radio astronomy almost 80 years of radio astronomy so that we can make beautiful images to rival some of the ones that we see in the optical. So yes and is there an estimate of when the Milky Way will buy them out meaning they're large in the small Magellanic clouds. There are rough estimates of this it depends a lot on exactly how massive the Milky Way is which believe it or not is something that's not completely decided but we're looking at billions of years before we actually merge the large and small Magellanic clouds into our own galaxy. There's a question are there planets in the Magellanic clouds and that is a wonderful question we don't know is the answer we don't know yet. Finding planets is very tricky and it tends to be done around the closer stars so these stars that are much more distant it's harder to look for the the signal of planets around them but from what we do know about how planets form I think we would guess that there probably are planets around at least in the large Magellanic cloud but they would be quite a bit different than the ones that we have here because there's a very different kind of dust in those galaxies. So if you looked out right now would you be able to see a galaxy we would definitely be able to see our own Milky Way as a galaxy and if you had super eyes everywhere you look your eyes would cross a galaxy but those super eyes are things like the Hubble Space Telescope eyes that can really look very very very far out but if we looked out right now well in Canberra I don't think we'd see anything that's been raining today and certainly we won't be seeing the large and small Magellanic clouds just just yet. Now let's see another question can tell us the infrared wavelength used for dust images so there's there's quite a few wavelengths that are put together but they're one of the ones that we look at often is about 150 microns so 150 micrometers and that gives us a good handle on a lot of the sort of warmish dust. Now what other questions are there that I can pull out here? Ah what keeps the earth spinning? Oh boy these are tough questions. So the earth is going to slow down eventually but it doesn't have to there's nothing to stop it immediately. So as bodies like galaxies and planets form they form by material that circulates inwards comes in a nice sort of spinning in fashion and that spinning in fashion puts some spin into the planet initially and it just keeps on going and doesn't slow down very quickly so there's nothing required to keep it spinning up but there's not a lot that makes it slow down. Other questions to pull out here? What is it about the stars that impresses you? How can I make images of explosions thousands of years ago relevant to my students? That's a very good question. I think you can make things relevant by talking about the atoms that come from explosions and stars and how those atoms come and find their way into us but not just can you make it relevant you can make it cool right? Big explosions we're talking about massive kinds of explosions and relating those explosions the types of stuff supernova explosions that we see in galaxies are much much more powerful than atomic bombs or any kind of explosions that we have here and it's usually easy to get things going kids interested when you talk about things exploding. And I'll just wrap up with a with a final question. What is the most impressive thing that you've seen in space which I think is a fun one because we can we can talk about our our own impressions of things and for me the most impressive thing that I have ever seen was the first time that I made the image of the small Magellanic cloud that I showed you earlier because I've worked really hard we'd worked for years planning to do this and we put the data together and made this image which showed that the galaxy was incredibly dynamic that gas was flinging all over the place and moving in different directions and to me that really was quite exciting.


Hey, this is Brett and this 2022 Ram 2500 Crew Cab Short Box Laramie Level D Sport Edition is stock number 14352Z. I am here at Summit Automotive in Phondlec, Wisconsin, you're new and used heavy-duty truck and specifically Ram headquarters. This 2022 Ram 2500 comes with the 6.4-liter D8 Hemi engine. It's paired up with the 8-speed automatic transmission. This truck has been fully-safetyed and inspected by our service shop, has a fresh oil and filter change. All the fluids have been checked and topped off and this truck is 100% ready to go. This truck has a max tow capacity of 14,759 pounds and a max payload capacity of 3,028 pounds. I found those numbers on Ram's tow guide website, I will link that in the description below. Very nice truck, very clean all the way around and that's exactly what I'm going to do in this video. Go all the way around inside underneath, start it up, show you all the options and just give you the most accurate representation that I can of the vehicle. Bright white clear coat is the color I should all my videos in 4K. If you like the video, subscribe to the YouTube channel, click the bell notifications, get updates on the videos I do each and every day, as well as having access to one of the largest catalogs of vehicle walk-arounds on YouTube and stay current on our ever-changing and vast inventory here at Summit Automotive. This one comes with the 18-inch polished aluminum wheels and it has Firestone Transforce HT tires, these are LT 27570 R18s. I would say that they have probably about 75% of the tread left on them. Frame and underbody is exceptionally clean on this truck. This is a one owner clean title history, clean car facts out of Montana. Front fender is in excellent condition, it does have LED headlamps, LED running lights, and LED fog lamps. I'm going to turn all of those on at the end of the video so you can see just how bright they are. The Sport package gives you the painted front and rear bumpers, as well as the painted grille surround. You get the chrome trimmed grille on there and the hood is in fantastic condition as well. I didn't see any dents or dings on there. Passengers side front fender is in great shape. The Laramie package gives you the fender flares and the passenger side front wheel, no major scuffs or scrapes on there. As you go down this side of this 2022 Ram 2500, just take note of how clean the body is, how reflective and mirror-like that paint is. I take these HD videos so if you're far away or even if you're close by and you just cannot make the trip down but you're still interested in purchasing the vehicle, you can see the truck, hear the truck, and have confidence in the vehicle that you're looking at before you even get here. So when you do get here, there's absolutely no surprises and you can make a smart and informed buying decision from wherever you're at. If this video helps you make that buying decision, let your salesman know that you saw the video that was helpful and that Brett sent you. Back wheel is absolutely perfect and the back tires have just as much tread as the front tires, maybe even a hair bit more. Frame and underbody is an exceptionally clean condition back here and it's like that all the way underneath, maybe a little dusty but that doesn't hurt anything. Lower rockers and cab corners are in great shape and you get the power running boards. I always like showing both sides so that you know that both sides are working properly. You get the sport decal on there, if you didn't like that you could always remove it, just a sticker, and then you get the LED tail lamps as well. Coming around to the back, the rear bumper is absolutely perfect, no major dents or dings on there. Then you do get the backup parking sensors, you get the full towing package which includes the receiver hitch four pin and seven pin wiring, you also get a hook up for an auxiliary camera on whatever trailer you may be pulling, tailgates in really nice clean condition as well. This is a power drop down tailgate, looks like the bed has hardly ever been used, very very nice back here. You get a 115 volt 400 watt plug in, you also get LED bed lighting with the button back here and then you get the side box tie downs that inside the tailgate is just as nice as the bed. Shuts nice and solidly, coming around the driver side just as clean as that passenger side, no major dents or dings in the box, and for full disclosure this back wheel is in excellent condition as well. Down the rest of this side the truck, the cab and doors are in fantastic condition. Get the enter and go system, just have to have the key fob in your pocket, put your hand in there it will automatically unlock. As the heated fold up tail mirrors with the built in directional signals they fold up like so and in like that you also have the LED side lights which I'll show you how those work in just a minute. See the driver side power running boards are working well as well. These back seats are heated on the outboard side, no rips, no tears, latch child safety system power sliding rear window with the built in rear defrost, seats are in great shape.  Get storage under there the other side has a subwoofer, you get the Berber floor mats back here and you get in floor storage on each side with removable bins for easy cleaning. You can put ice and drinks in there it's like you have too many coolers wherever you go. Back here is your two USBs, two USB C's and your heated seat buttons as well as a 115 volt 400 watt plug-in. Front seats do have side curtain airbags and you get child safety locks on the back doors inside and bottoms of the doors are all in fantastic condition. Child safety, oh I'm sorry, here's your VIN sticker, no previously owned in Canada trucks here and there is the tire and loading information sticker.  You get the suede insert on the door and kind of that diamond plated looking trim on there as well. We'll hop inside check out the miles, the radio and everything that this truck has to offer on the interior. You can see that this one has 9,787 miles on it, you get the 7-inch LCD display, digital, speedometer, compass, average miles per gallon time, you can change those corners to read pretty much any information on the truck. Instrument cluster is very nice and clean, smells very clean inside this truck. You get the heated leather wrap steering wheel, this one does have adaptive cruise controls, regular cruise controls, gear selector on the right, bluetooth and information center controls on the left and audio controls on the back of the steering wheel. You get the 8.4 5C radio, so AM FM and Sirius XM radio capabilities as well as bluetooth, AUG's USB and Alexa hookups.  This one does have the factory navigation system on it. There is highway 41 so you know that is working nicely. Then you get all your different apps on here. I'm not going to go through everything but I'll just show them all so if you see something you can pause it, but basically a lot of this stuff is just shortcuts to different parts of the radio. Android Auto, Apple CarPlay capabilities, I believe it is wireless on the Uconnect 5 radio so I get that question a lot. And then you have off-road pages which we'll check out in just a second and here are the off-road pages. So that's all the apps on there. So you get your transfer case of its two-wheel drive or four-wheel drive and then your steering angle. As I turn the steering wheel you can see the angle changes and actually the wheels up top move as well so that's pretty cool. And then you get your latitude, longitude, altitude, accessory gauges and then pitch and roll. So a lot of really cool stuff you can do with this radio as well as your backup camera which I forgot to show you. So they made those HD crystal clear so you can get hooked up to your bolt camper trailer the first time, every time. And then you can zoom in on that hitch for even better results. Harman Kardon premium sound system.   Two more USBs, two more USB C's and an AUX jack. You also have your wireless cell phone charge pad and then 115 volt 400 watt plug-in. Sliding cup holder and key tray or a coin tray. Keyless entry with remote start and power drop down tailgate. That's a nice shape. You get the dual glove boxes there and the passenger side format and seat are in excellent condition. You get the speakers in the ceiling part of that Harman Kardon premium sound system and the headliners absolutely perfect. You get map lights up here, assistant SOS buttons, power side and rear window button, home link buttons for your garage door security systems and lighting systems. And this one does have the rear view mirror camera. So it's actually a video display of what's going on behind you. Now, if you don't like that, you can turn it off and just make it a regular mirror or you can do that. So that's a pretty cool thing to have right there. Let's start it up, take a look under the hood, check out all those LED lights in the front. Starts right up, no check engine lights or anything like that. I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today. There are those LED side lights. And hopefully from this HD video, you've been able to verify the quality condition options and of course, cleanliness of this truck all the way around inside and out. Very, very clean ride. I didn't see any dents, I didn't see any dings, I didn't see any rock tips, just really, really a clean truck. Under the hood, we have the 6.4 liter V8, Hemi engine, engine base, very clean. Runs very smooth. Once again, this truck has been fully safety to end inspected by our city shop as a fresh oil and filter change. All the fluids have been checked and topped off. Shocks are doing a great job holding that hood up. There is the emission sticker. And this truck is 100% ready to go. I would highly recommend it from a quality and condition standpoint. I'd ship this one back to Montana, Florida, California, New York, Texas. Whoever's gonna get this truck's gonna be very happy with the quality and condition. And to see more pictures of this truck or one of our other 550 new news cars, trucks, SUVs, minivans, Wranglers, halftones, recorder tons, one tons, you name it, we got it on the website right there. Summitauto.com, full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle, all at summitauto.com. If you wanna check out more HD videos, you can go to youtube.com slash summit auto click with the bell notifications. Get updates on the videos I do each and every day. As well as having access to one of the largest catalogs of vehicle walk-arounds on YouTube and state current on our ever-changing and vast inventory here at Summitauto. In fact, in a second, you'll see a link to subscribe to my YouTube channel on the upper left, a link to all the Ram 2500 truck videos I've ever done in the upper right, a link to this vehicle on our website on the lower left, and a link to one of our latest YouTube videos in the lower right. Click those, check us out. We're super excited to help you with this Ultra Queen 2022 Ram 2500 Crew Cab Short Box Laramy Level D Sport Edition in Bright White Clear Coat. Thank you so much for checking out the video. Remember to like, subscribe, and share on the YouTube channel. I really appreciate it. Have a great day. Thanks again.


In this segment of Down the Rabbit Hole, I want to talk about a particular problem that occurs fairly often with new users who are trying to either recover or migrate a wallet from one wallet to another. For example, from a smartphone wallet to another smartphone wallet or from a smartphone wallet to another hardware wallet or from a hardware wallet to a hardware wallet or any combination of the above. Now, we have a standard that has actually made such things much, much more interoperable. This is where I put on my grandpa voice and I go, in the old days, back three years ago when we didn't have BIP39. Yeah, and that standard is BIP39 and it makes life a lot easier, but it does have some weaknesses. As part of BIP39, which is the mnemonic phrase standard, which allows you to move a whole tree of keys from one wallet to another using just the English word mnemonic phrase. As part of that standard and the related standards, there are some nuances that often cause problems with newbies. The underlying standard is called BIP32, which is hierarchical deterministic wallets. Hierarchical deterministic wallets define a system of wallets that are organized in a hierarchy that looks like a tree, where you have a root key that is generated from the mnemonic phrase or can be generated and these days is almost always generated from the mnemonic phrase, the BIP39 mnemonic phrase. And that root key can then be used through a series of hashing operations to derive billions and billions and billions and billions of potential private keys that can each derive an address. And this works across different cryptocurrencies and it works with different other systems that can generate entropy for things, et cetera, et cetera, et cetera. Now within that system, there is a further specification which is called BIP43 and a further specification called BIP44 that tell you how to find where your keys are hanging on the branches of this tree. Now if you think about it, the reason this is complex is because the tree itself at the first level has four billion branches. Each one of those four billion branches has four billion branches coming out of it and so on and so forth to an infinite depth. And of course that gives us a lot of flexibility, but it also means that if you don't know which branch your keys are on, you could be searching for centuries. Almost all wallets, like 90 plus percent of them, put all of their keys on a very specific branch. For Bitcoin wallets that would be the m44 prime, 0 prime, 0 prime branch. And what that stands for is 44 prime designates that this is compliant with the BIP44 branch derivation path scheme. 0 prime specifies that this is a Bitcoin wallet and you can have others, 1 prime, 2 prime, et cetera, which are other wallets for other cryptocurrencies. And then 0 prime after that means the first sub-account, the 0th sub-account because it's a multi-account system. Now if your money is on that path, m44 prime, 0 prime, 0 prime, then you can find it fairly easily. Most wallets are going to look there first when you import them, but what if your wallet was weird and put it somewhere else? Or what if the wallet you're importing to is weird and is looking somewhere else? Well, then it will come up with a different address and it's going to find zero money at that address, which if you're a newbie causes the following reaction, where's my money?  And that's when the problems really start because a lot of people will go in and type their seed into a web page and lose their money properly because they went to the wrong place. People are squatting on typos of web addresses. They're compromising generators. They're building software that they're launching on the Android and the App Store and storing as zip files and executables all over the web for you to stumble across these. Think they're the legitimate or original software you were looking for. Type in your seed and promptly watch your money be taken away. Don't worry, they know how to find the derivation path where your money is very, very quickly. So one of the things I've been thinking about is how do we fix this problem? And I came up with an idea and then I funded this idea as a software bounty. And just about a week ago, a developer finished building this and I'm very excited because I'm hoping that it's actually going to be merged into a very popular piece of software called the Electrum Wallet. Now, the Electrum Wallet is a desktop wallet that runs on Mac, Linux and Windows. It's cross-platform and it's very, very featureful. I use it for a variety of my own activities. By keeping it on your desktop, it's not as perfect as other security mechanisms, but you can also combine it with a hardware wallet in which case your keys are safe and safely stored in a hardware wallet. Electrum, however, expects you to know where your derivation path is. So if you give it a seed or if you simply attach it to a hardware wallet and say, look, my seed is on there, you can't see it, but you can talk to it and ask about the master public keys, then it needs you to tell it where the derivation path is. And the bounty that I funded was a bounty to create a wizard that scans the most popular derivation path of the most popular wallets. Now, this is based on another great project called walletsrecovery.org that's managed by Jeanine Romer and Robert Novak, who have, and I hope I got those names correct, NVK and J9ROM. That website has basically a table that lists hundreds of wallets and all of the derivation paths they have been known to use in different versions and iterations of that software. And most of them are M44 prime, 0 prime, 0 prime, but some are some very weird alternative options. And yeah, so that plugin will basically go scan. It will look through and see if it can find money hanging on various branches that have been previously identified as popular ones. And by investigating 20 or 30 branches and picking an address from each to see if it's being used, it can basically say, hey, there's actually some money hanging off these three branches. Which one would you like to import? And that way you don't need to know your derivation path. I'm really excited about this because I think it actually gives newbies a much more secure way to do that search. And in fact, just yesterday I helped a friend figure that out and recover some money for their father who did not know how to import from a derivation path that was unknown. Luke Childs is the developer who developed this particular feature. You can see the pull request on the Electrum GitHub repository. I am delighted this worked out. And I'm also really excited about the possibility of helping newbies with this little problem that happens with not knowing your derivation path and trying to migrate wallets. And that's my little down the rabbit hole, the section where I ask myself a question about something that I'm interested in, in this particular case, something I'm really excited about because it just finished. And then I talk about it.


Establishing a sense of urgency for change is as important as getting employee buy-in because that's where the energy comes from and I remember when I took over 3M back 20 years ago and the company wasn't performing but they thought they were performing. So how to create a burning platform to get everybody going was a challenge and in this case I had to confront the leadership team with the reality of our performance that they didn't want to believe was happening which wasn't very good and so this was sort of a one conference room at a time effort where I put together five or six charts and I actually tried to convince them and I eventually did convince them that their underperformance and their lack of competitiveness was in stark contrast to the image they had of themselves in the company. This can happen in different ways but I had to win the battle one conference room at a time and that's sometimes the way it goes and there's no shortcuts to establishing this kind of sense of urgency. After establishing this sense of urgency with the team then getting it down to the other 90,000 employees is in many ways a more challenging task. It can't just be me making a speech to the other 90,000 employees. I have to have won the battle with the team so they carry the message down because if I go over the top and they don't really believe my message is diluted significantly I really relied on them as a test of whether I'd won the battle with them how they were going to communicate down through the organization. In some cases I trusted but verified in other words I went with them and other cases I relied on them but we all agreed that that was as important if not more important than the actual realization that we had a big job in front of us. As I look to the future a few things that future leaders have to do better than what was required of us there has to be an element of technology in your background there's just too much change this technologically driven you don't have to be an electrical engineer with a computer science doctorate but you have to have a working knowledge because things like AI and digitization additive manufacturing are all big part of what's in the future for most businesses so you have to have a working knowledge there. I think the other thing is you have to be able to handle politics there's a blurring of the political environment and business that didn't exist before and being able to handle that requires a different skill set and you have to have some experience with it. The third thing I would mention is that the human relations function is even more important going forward than it's been historically because individuals face such change they're buffeted by the speed of change whether it's technology globalization all these things and so staying focused on them their progress their well-being how they're handling things what their career path might be is even more important going forward than it has been in the past.