وأقول في القرآن ما جاءت به آياته فهو الكاريم المنزال وأقول قال الله جل جلاله والمصطف الهدي ولا أتأول الحمد لله رب العالمين والصلاة والسلام على أشرف الأنبياء والمرسلين سيدنا ونبينا محمد صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وأصحابه والتابعين له بيحسان إلى يوم الدين أما بعد الأفعال were in bab al-af'al in the sharah of al-ajrumiah we're talking about aqsam al-af'ali وحكمها we're going to talk about the types of verb there are and its rulings ابن آج الرامية هي سيز الأفعال ثلاثة the af'al are three so there's three types of verbs in the Arabic language how many? there are three الأفعال ثلاثة ماضن ومضارع وأمر the first one is ماضن ماضن means فعل it means فعل which is ماضي which is past tensed it's a past tense مضارع is a present tense verb what is a مضارع? a مضارع is a present tense verb we'll speak more about that in details and the third one is وآمر أمر and an example of all of them ابن آج الرامية he gives it to you ضارابا ويضرب وضرب ضارابا means hit past tense ويضرب ويضرب وضرب it's a command so those are the three tenses and how it looks like I wrote it on the board for you the way that it looks so he said الماضي المضارع and الأمر these are the three types and I'll speak about this in details now بإذن الله الكريم but first of all let's define each of those tenses what they are what is a ماضي look at the شرح of محمد محديل عبد الحميد in his شرح تحفة سنية he says وقولوا ينقسم الفعل إلى ثلاثة أقسامة I say that the verb is categorized into three I say that the verb is categorized into three القسم الأولو the first type is الماضي the past tense و هو and the ماضي is ما يدلو that which indicates and shows على حصول شيء the occurrence of something قبل زمن التكلومي before the time of speech before this person spoke something that happened for example when I said ضرابة the hitting that I'm speaking about happened before my speech نحو like ضرابة و نصارة ضرابة means hit و نصارة gave victory فتحة opened عليما new حسيبة thought كاروما و ند all of them are what all of them are past tense and if you look at محمد محديل عبد الحميد the examples that he brought they are the three types of ماضي that they are فعالة فعيلة and فعولة ضرابة و نصارة فتحة that's the first type عليما حسيبة they both are the second type and the third type is كاروما those are فع الماضي and what the types of forms that they come in شاء الله we will speak about that in where صرف in شاء الله فعيلة فعولة we will speak about that in what صرف ماضي is what it is what occurs before the time of speech before the speech actually happened before the speech was said or done the thing that happened before it is called ماضي مضارع is what مضارع و القسم الثاني and the second type المضارع is the فع المضارع و هو and it is مادل على حصول شيء the occurrence of something في زمان تكلومي at the time of speech it's happening when you're talking about it أو بعده or after it أو بعده means after it a little bit و لذلك مضارع does it show نوع من الاستقبال اما نوع من التنفيس they does it just a close future they does و لذلك there are الدوات there are external letters that if they go before the فع المضارع they force it to be what past and you can also make it become what future and even if there's no external الدوات they enter it there is some when you say I'm going to put my trousers on for example what is it going to be it may not necessarily be you started it yet it may still be in the wardrobe but it's a future slightly أو بعده نحو like يبدريب و ينصر و يفتح و يعلم و يحسب و يكروم all of the marzies that he brought he bought them in a moodaria that is what it means القسمة الثالثة or the third type of verbs is الامر of the command وهو it is ما يطلب به حصول كل شيء it is the requesting of something to occur بعد زمان التكلم after the speech after the talking it has this requesting for you to do something for something to occur after the speech such as نحو إضرب ونصر و يفتح و يعلم و يحسب و يكروم those are the examples he gave هذا المحمد محيدي العبد الحبيس سيز و قد ذكرنا لك في أول الكتاب هذا التقسيم و ذكرنا لك معه علامات كل قسم من هذه الأقسم الثلاثة he said all of these types we've already told you about it in the beginning of the book صح و he spoke about it و when he said الكلام هو اللفظ المركب المفيد بالوضع و أقسمه ثلاثة اسم و حرف جاء اللي معنى صح اسم و فعل و حرف جاء اللي معنى و he spoke about it there and he said I gave you all the signs pertaining to that and he spoke about it in details أحكام الفعل now now we're going to go into the أحكام of the فعل what is the أحكام of the فعل قال فالماضي مفتوح الأخير أبدأ الماضي is always مفتوح what is the ماضي so look at the book the ماضي is مفتوح الأخير أبدأ in other words this is the same مفتوح الأخير أبدأ it means that the ماضي is always مبنيون على الفتح البناء على الفتح remember when we were speaking about that which we do إعراب of we said the اسماء are three types مظهر مضمر مبهم which ones are the ones we do إعراب of only the مظهر we don't do إعراب of ممر and we don't do إعراب of مبهم what about the أفعال when we were speaking about the verbs what did we say the only verb that we do إعراب of is which one فعل مضارع if there's no new talking no newness we're not connected to it so the فعل مابي and the فعل أمر we said they are always what مبني there you go now you're seeing it okay brothers question now question if we see a فعل مضارع what's the أصلة فعل مضارع no what's the أصلة فعل مضارع بنا or إعراب إعراب if you see a فعل مضارع that's مبني does the person have the right to ask you why because it's not funny good what about if you see now we understand the فعل مضارع is what the أصلة فعل مضارع is what إعراب right and the بنا is not the أصل right so the person has the right to ask you why is it not funny pay attention here now what's the أصلة فعل مضارع is it فتح سكون كسرة ضم which is the أصل فتح is the أصل what's the أصل of بنا which is the أصل for the بنا the سكون is the أصل of the بنا if anything is مبنيون على الفتح and مبنيون على ضم and مبنيون على كس there's a discussion can open but the أصل is مبنيون على السكون we'll speak more about this whether this is a discussion in the متممة الأجرومي inshallah but the ماضي is مبنيون على الفتح for example look at ضارع بق the بق has a فتح on it ناصراء و سنتبهف دراه فتح سنتبهف زيزة فتح و لسه يوضع فهي البناع على الفتح هل يوضع؟ فهي الماضي always what الماضي is مفتوح الأخير أبدا والأمر مجزوم أبدا و الأمر is always what مجزوم مجزوم البناع و على ما يجزومه به مضارع عليكم سلام ما هو it جزم المضارع المضارع is مجزوم with what سكون and what حذف حذف حرف إلا the same whatever you used to do to the مضارع in إعراب is what you do to the فعل و لذلك this is why some of the grammarians some of them they actually said some of the grammarians what do they say they said that the فعل أمر is actually a part of the مضارع because of this we'll have that discussion in another time and another place now we're going to go into the one big which is والمضارع والمضارع ما كان في أولي إحدى الزوائد والمضارع والمضارع مضارع is the ماضي that you had you add a زوائد why do they call it a زوائد what does a زوائد mean زوائد is ذائدة is when something is an additional زوائد actually means additional extra does that make sense so you have the word ضربة for example what do you have the reason why he's saying is زوائد is because فعل ماضي is the default position anything that's added onto it is زائدة when you look at the اشتقاك and the asr of the word this is what you do so for example look what you write you write the word ضربة ضربة what do you write you write ضربة am I making sense what happens you add زوائد الأربع what are the additional letters in front of it what are the additional letters that you add in front of it ألف نون يا أنت what do you say together أنيتو أنيتو أضربو يضربو تضربو صح those four are called what what are those four called those four are called زوائد الأربع they are called what الزوائد الأربع the four additionals that's what the مضارع is now if somebody asks you how do you know that مضارع you say that و المضارع ما كان في أوله إحدى الزوائد الأربع التي يجمعها قولك أنيتو an acronym for it is a what أنيتو and it is also it's مرفوع always the فعل مضارع what's the default position of the فعل مضارع الرفع that's why what would we say if it's منصوب when we say فعل مضارع are we together the أصل is the فعل مضارع يضربو أضربو نضربو that's what we say و لذلك what do you say مرفوع و علامة ورفعه أضمت وظاهرة أخري لتهجر وديه من الناصب والجازمي you see the ناصب and the جازم are additionals they take it from its أصل when they're not there the default position the أصل is at its مرفوع حتى يدخل عليه ناصب أو جازم he said it to you there unless أدوات الجزمي and what are the other أدوات النصبي أنا الجزمي we're going to speak about it soon we're going to speak about it soon let's now go into the كلام of محمد محدين عبد الحميد رحمه الله he said أحكام الفعلي let's read ابن عجر رامية وهي سنة و المضارع ما كان في أول إحدى الزوائد الأربع التي يجمعها و هو مرفوع أبدا حتى يدخل عليه ناصب أو جازم و أقول I will say محمد حدين عبد الحميد سينس و أقول I will say بعد أم بينا المصنف after the author explain و على الفعلي the types of verbs شراعه he went into في بياني أحكام كل نوع منها he went into explaining شراع ميزوات a خاضة he indulged أحكام كل نوع all the different types منها from them فحكم الفعلي الماضي the what the ruling of the فعلي الماضي is البناء و على الفتح that it's مبني على الفتح وهذا الفتح إما ظاهر و إما مقدر oh he added something onto it now that the ماضي the بناء the way that it shows is either ظاهر or it is what it is مقدر and the مقدر we already touched on that before did we not do we did it the مقدر is how many types it is 3 types the مقدر it is 3 types the ظاهر is ظاهر like the one نصراء فتح ظارباء هاية فتح all of those are what بي الظاهر but the مقدر is which ones which ones which one which one where are they where are they they are حروف العلة when it's at the ending right when حروف العلة is at the ending so the first one we said it is التعظر المناسبة أنا دفع الكراهية صح it's دفع الكراهة صح لتوالي أربع حركات صح جميل so it's دفع الكراهة to remove the disliked we're going to speak about it we're going to speak about it soon بإذن الله الكريم we're going to come to it soon فحكم الفعل الماضي the ruling of a فعل الماضي is البناء وعلى الفتح it is to place بناء on it as a فتح وهذا الفتح the فتح is always on it always but it's either what ظاهره مقدر أسد either you can see that and it's explicit which is ظاهر or it is what مقدر which is implicit مقدر means what you can't see it it's there but you can't see it أما الفتح he's now going to go into it ففي الصحيح الأخر الذي لم يتصل به وعول جماعة ولا ضمير رفع المتحرك وكذلك في كل ما كان أخر هو أو يا النحو أكرم وقدم وسافرة ونحو سافرة زينب وحاضر السعاد ونحو رضية وشقي ونحو سرورة سرو سرو واباذوا الشيخ ل how he goes into it he says أما الفتح ظاهر ask for the first type of the بناء على الفتح is showing which is a ظاهر the explicit one ففي الصحيح الأخر it is the letter which is what it is صحيح الأخر in other words at the end of the word there is not what any حروف علا there's no there's no حروف علا very good let me give you guys a diagram first do you know I have a tissue no no no no no no no no pay attention here brothers what do we need of what right such as like and then we have here المقدر التعذر such as رمع we have التعذر because like فهمتو yeah صحفي نصم أنا المناسبة okay pay attention here when is it ظاهر brothers when is it ظاهر when none of these three happen to it what's the first one what happened to this ظاهر means when it's a explicit you can actually see can you see the فتحة on the نصر the بناء على الفق can you see it is it ظاهر is it apparent it is apparent right pay attention but these are all implicit you can't see it the reason why you can't see it is because sorry ظاهر sorry ظاهر which is the explicit one it can be seen because none of these three can happen to it that's what the room is telling you what does it say ففصحيح الآخر فصحيح الآخر so this is what زمعتل الآخر الآخر زمعتل الآخر this is معتل from the ending it's defected from the ending true or false صحيح it is because it has the ending of it إذا كان آخر هو ألفا رمع is ألف حرف إلا so it's تعظر you can't see it here أول مناسبة look what he says مناسبة is what الذي لم يتصل بواول جماعة so the word جماعة cannot connect to it so it hasn't got صحيح الآخر so ظاهر is what صحيح الآخر it doesn't have because if it goes into what does it become مناسبة are we all together brothers this is what he's trying to say to you ولا ضمير رفع المتحرك أنا ضمير رفع المتحرك cannot into it ضمير رفع المتحرك is a tag because if a tag connects to it what's gonna happen دفع الكراهة نحات as they said it's disliked for four حركات to be right under each other for a word okay so if somebody asked you what is a ظاهر for the فعل ماضي you say فحكم الفعل الماضي البناء وعلى الفتح وهذا إما ظاهر وإما مقدر أما الفتح وفي الصحيح الآخري استوانوا الصحيح الآخر الذي لم يتصل بواول جماعة number two ولا ضمير رفع المتحرك and no ضمير رفع المتحرك is connected to it because if it becomes if it becomes معتل الآخر what happens it's called التعذر if it becomes تصل بواول جماعة what happens مناسبة happens وربع if a ضمير رفع المتحرك تصل بواول جماعة does that make sense brothers so in other words the ظاهر is when those three are not there okay let's go into the مقدر now the مقدر is what I already made I explained it to you he said so he gave you an example of it أكرمة وقدمة وسافرات وسافرات وزي نبو زي نبو وحضارات سعاد هي سعد pay attention here I want you to find here we have two words here think about it سعاد doesn't answer it سعاد doesn't answer it سعاد is your next okay سعفر2 سعفر2 what is the issue with this one is it mother by the way is it mother okay is it ظاهر or is it مقدر is it مقدر why is it مقدر but why is it مقدر first of all because the فتحة can't show on it we can't see the فتحة on the on the letter we look in it the right is the last letter okay why what happened what can happen why yeah yeah why is it why is it why is it the case because the second one doesn't have it the second one doesn't have it سعفرات and سعفر2 we have he said it's your moment of shine it's your moment of shine yeah they both have تا so the first تا is called ضمير رف المتحرك جميل that's what we need to know so here you say دفع الكراه because there is ضمير رف المتحرك which is the تا are we together the تا here ضرب تو that تو by itself is a فعيل ضمير رف المتحرك it's down it holds its own weight it's an isim that is an isim by the way are we together هيا وربا وربا the next one is the next the second one is it ضاهر وزمقدر ضاهر ضاهر we can see the فتح right وربا وربا why is it دفع الكراه what means حف this تا is called تا تنديساكينة تا تنديساكينة so that what did we say to you here that تا has no it just shows that the person who did this action is a female that's all it shows it's not a فعيل are we all together pay attention تا تا when saying دفع الكراه is which one ضمير رف المتحرك which one ضمير رف المتحرك if you ضمير رف المتحرك then it becomes what it becomes it becomes اي مقدر are we all on the same page and there are many more ضمير رف المتحرك the تا is just an example we got تا in فعيليني we also have the نون and the نون نسوة all of them are they could all be it right all of them are the same صحيح all of them are the same it's not just the the فهم too it could be تا الفعيليني it could also be what it could be نون توكيد you know نون نسوة sorry and it could also be the the نون of نحن و أس and etc okay is that well understood are we all together you know what I mean when I say نون فهمنا we understood it's the same as فهم too فهمنا we understood because that نا itself is a نحم you can say it like that وفهمنا they understood the women understood this is also ضمير رف المتحرك is it not it is will stop إن شاء الله باتعاله anything you can say that was wrong incorrect information I hope Allah will give you his message free from it سبحانك الله ذلك وبحمدك أشهد بلا إله إلا الله I ask Allah to forgive me بأيتو بلي


Hello, everyone, and thank you for joining us. I'm Jonathan Massey, Dean of the Taubman College of Architecture and Urban Planning here at the University of Michigan, and I'm delighted to welcome you to Taubman College's third annual event featuring U.S. mayors. And to share with you that this year we are partnering with the Big Ten Collaboration Democracy in the 21st Century in order to bring together mayors from cities across the states of the Big Ten Conference and Academic Alliance. At Taubman College, as architects and urban planners, urban designers, and urban technologists, we focus a lot on the role of municipal leaders in shaping the direction of our nation on issues like climate change, housing, social equity, racial justice. Leadership at the municipal level is also key in making forward motion on infrastructure, transportation, economic opportunity, and so many other dimensions of our lives. So we have hosted events with mayors of cities both large and small, near and far. All of them, though, have been innovating and iterating on pressing issues that have local significance, but also national and international ramifications. Today's civic leaders, the folks joining us today, are all advancing long-term and big-picture agendas, while also responding tactically, as mayors have to, to emergent crises and very specifically local dynamics. Collaborations such as this take a lot of coordination and effort. And so a special thanks to colleagues at the following institutions who've worked with us and with today's mayors to make our event possible. I'd like to thank the College of Urban Planning and Public Affairs at the University of Illinois Chicago, the Paul H. O'Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs at Indiana University, the School of Planning and Public Affairs at the University of Iowa, the Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy here at University of Michigan, and finally, oh, and also the Center for Local, State, and Urban Policy at University of Michigan. And finally, the John Glenn College of Public Affairs at the Ohio State University. With me here today to open this conversation that explores the agency of mayors in matters of national significance is my own mayor and our mayor, Christopher Taylor. We're joined, as you can see behind us by members of the University of Michigan community who are here at Talman College with us. And I'd like to say hello also to those of you at similar watch parties at other Big Ten institutions. Christopher, Mayor Taylor, welcome. Thank you very much. Thank you for having me. And good afternoon. I am delighted to welcome all of you, those here in the room and those watching virtually to Ann Arbor and to the University of Michigan. As mayor of Ann Arbor, I understand the crucial role that local municipalities play in addressing some of our nation's most important issues. Climate justice, housing, urban, and social equity. All within the context of having the pleasure and duty of providing and improving basic services and enhancing quality of life for every member of the community every single day. As mayor of a university city, I deeply appreciate the role that universities play in this project. The development of leaders and data and solutions to mitigate the problems we face and cultivate the communities and opportunities that we devise. As a graduate of the University of Michigan, I'm particularly delighted to welcome Big Ten Group here dedicated to the education and success of our future leaders. The breadth of my studies here at the University of Michigan, and I do have four degrees in the university, which either shows a love of learning or distressing lack of strategic thinking. It has taught me the value of collaboration, shared experiences, sharing experiences about our success and our challenge. It allows us to work creatively towards solutions. We learn best when we work together, when we work with humility and open minds to understand the world, ourselves, and each other. An inquiry that is at the heart of every true university. I am delighted to welcome fellow mayors and colleagues here to Ann Arbor and the University of Michigan, and very much look forward to the discussion and learning from you all. Thanks. Thank you, Mayor Taylor. So joining our panel discussion today are four mayors. Mike Duggan, the mayor of the city of Detroit currently serving his third term. Laurie Lightfoot, mayor of Chicago and a University of Michigan alum with a degree in political science. Aftab Pureval, mayor of Cincinnati, who attended the Ohio State University and the University of Cincinnati College of Law. And Bruce Teague, mayor of Iowa City and graduate of the University of Iowa. The conversation will be moderated by Paul Helmke, professor of practice at Indiana University's O'Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs. Paul is also a former three term mayor of Fort Wayne, Indiana. And the founding director of the Civic Leaders Center, former president of the US Conference of Mayors. And a perfect moderator for our conversation today by virtue of his expertise and experience. We'll start the discussion with Paul asking our panelists to address some of the biggest topics in our cities today. And then we will bring in the audience questions from across our Big Ten collaboration institutions. Thank you, Jonathan. Thank you, Mayor. All the mayors that are here today, it's always great to be with mayors and have a discussion on the issues that are facing our communities. I always indicate and as mayors know that they're on the front lines and dealing with the problems, others have the chance to pontificate, take votes, take positions and just disclaim, reclaim responsibility when things go wrong or when things go good. They take responsibility regardless of how they voted it seems. Mayors are there. Mayors are the ones doing the real work and so it's great to share some time with mayors. Let's get right to it. When one of the first questions I wanted to address is crime. Crime always gets a lot of attention as a local issue and people focus on it as a local issue, but it's really impacted by a number of factors that go beyond the control of a single city or a single mayor. Supreme Court decisions limit local options to restrict guns. Neighboring states with weak gun laws impact other communities. Interstate operations involve gangs and drugs. All of these things make an effective local response even harder. I know back in the 90s I worked with Mayor Daley of Chicago, Mayor Daley the Younger of Chicago, Mayor Archer of Detroit back in the 90s, along with folks like Senator Joe Biden to try to deal with these issues. It's an issue that continues to confound and frustrate our cities. Mayor Lightfoot, what sort of things can mayors or cities do to reduce gun violence and make our communities safer? Well, let me now begin by saying thank you for inviting me into I think this incredible conversation and happy always to participate in anything related to the University of Michigan and my fellow Big Ten schools. So I have to say go blue. But Mayor Hemke, I think you frankly in framing the question really exemplify the challenges that we face here in Chicago. We are our biggest challenge of public safety is gun violence. And we are just a wash in illegal guns. As of today, our police department has taken over 9,000 illegal guns off the street. We will probably break the record that we set last year, which is 12,000 guns, which just for context is double New York and LA combined. And it's not because we have a better strategy, although obviously we work diligently on these issues. It's because guns are pouring over the border from Indiana, from Wisconsin and other states that definitely have a different sensibility and different laws regarding the sale of guns, strong purchasing and enforcement. So what can we do given the circumstances? Well, I think you've got to play both the short and the long game. The short term means you've got to hold violent, dangerous people accountable. You've got to look at and use your data to identify the places where you're seeing the significant challenges. You've got to make sure the entire public safety ecosystem, that means not just the police and law enforcement, but the prosecutors and the court, you have to be aligned in a set of vision about what the challenges are and how each of you are going to step up and meet those challenges. Now, I will tell you, easier said than done. Chicago's not like New York City where we control the budget for the prosecutors, the courts, the jails. We, each of these entities in Chicago and Cook County, are run by independent organizations. So we've got to use our power of persuasion to get alignment. Sometimes we have it, sometimes we don't. But we really focus on, as I said, holding violent, dangerous people accountable. We want to make sure that we provide our residents with transparency around what we're doing, why we're doing it, and how we're doing it, which is critically important because as you also know, and certainly my fellow mayors I would imagine would agree, that perception is just as important and palpable as reality. If people don't fundamentally feel safe, then you're losing the battle. And it's difficult to do in the current media climate that we're in right now, where to borrow the old phrase, if it leads, it leads with a 24 hour news cycle. And frankly, anybody who has a keyboard that thinks they're journalists now, it's difficult, I think, for mayors to get ahead of the curve. So making sure that we're telling our own story about what we're doing, why we're doing it, and being very transparent about it, I think it's also critically important and never forgetting in all of this that there are victims that are out there, there are witnesses and survivors, that their stories have to be told, their lives and their experiences also have to be uplifted. On the longer term, and I think you've got to do both and, you've got to look at the root causes of the violence. And in a city like Chicago, I'm convinced that a big part of our challenges really revolves around poverty. We've seen too many neighborhoods where violence is a persistent daily problem for residents that have been disinvested in for really a generation or longer. So making sure that we are investing and we're building relationships with a community that is, of course, deeply skeptical of our approach because they've heard it all before, they've seen it all before, but what they don't have is confidence that government is really going to be their partner. And let me just give you a short example of what we've done. We borrowed pages from our COVID response and we set up something called the Community Safety Coordination Center. And simply put, we literally brought everybody in city government who touches any aspect of community safety physically into the same room. So we've got obviously a police department is there, but we also have public health. We have our Department of Family Support Services. We've got our infrastructure department, our libraries, our parks, our schools, and everything in between. And we view the work that we do on a day-to-day basis through the lens of public safety and that we've invited our community partners in. We focused on 15 neighborhoods in our city that were driving over 50% of our violence. And as a consequence of this deep engagement, literally on a block-by-block basis, asking our residents, what do you need to be safe? We've seen remarkable progress. And again, I mean, no one's doing a victory lap, but I will share that overall this year, after historic highs in 2021, we are down 15% in homicides, almost 20% in shootings. And in those 15 neighborhoods where we really focused on flooding the area with a whole-of-government approach and resources, working hand in glove with our community partners, we're seeing 20, 30, and 40% reductions in both homicides and shootings. So I think we're on to something here, but we've got to keep focused on doing a long-term root cause analysis, but also making sure in the interim, we continue to do everything that we possibly can to make our residents feel safe because they are safe. Great answer. Any of the other mayors want to chime in real quickly on crime or guns? Anything different that you're doing or that you'd like to throw out there before we move on? Paul, I'll just weigh in very quickly. I wanted to really lift up what Mayor Lightfoot said about the causes of gun violence that we're seeing across the country. Here in Cincinnati, we just had a mass shooting just two weeks ago. It was our fourth mass shooting of the year. And of course, what keeps me up at night is a lone gunman with an AR-15 walking into a public space and murdering countless folks in seconds. But what I'm equally concerned about is the casual gun violence that goes on on our streets. And this mass shooting in Cincinnati is emblematic of that. The two issues that we're focused on, that we're facing is number one, as the mayor said, we are awash in guns. There are guns everywhere in our community. I just did a roundtable with some of our teenagers, and they said they could make a one phone call in their phone and get a gun within an hour. That is happening all across the country. And the second is the inability to resolve differences peacefully. What used to end in a fistfight now ends in a gunfight. And this mass shooting in Cincinnati was a result of two groups of young people getting into an argument and then firing indiscriminately into a crowd with handguns. And what we've seen, unfortunately, at the local level, at least in Ohio, is instead of our state legislatures providing legislation to prevent that or to get to that, they have armed teachers in our schools past stand your ground and now have gotten rid of licensing for concealed carry, which is putting more guns on our streets. So unfortunately, there is a policy disagreement at the levels of government and mayors, as was said in the opening, we don't have the luxury of spinning and obfuscating. We are on the ground trying to deal with this. And oftentimes it feels like we've got two hands tied behind our back. Thank you. Unless the other mayors want to jump in, let's move to another question. We've got limited time. For much of our history, the Midwest has been the industrial heart, as well as the agricultural red basket of the country. We're still dealing with the consequences of changes in the manufacturing sector. And we've got past environmental problems from our role as a manufacturing center. But now we've got issues with climate change that are opening up the possibility that our part of the country might have a rebirth as a climate refuge. We've got more access to fresh water. We've got more moderating temperatures, perhaps. We've got some closer supply lines than states in the south and the southwest and the west. Do you think there's a way to take advantage of this to make the cities in the Midwest more attractive to our young people? And happy to hear from any of you. But Mayor Duggan, Detroit, you're right next to Canada. You've got these challenges. Is there a way that we can market ourselves better and use climate as something in our favor? Yeah, I would never suggest that people in other parts of the country come here because of climate change. But I don't accept the notion that the Midwest is immune. Last year we had 30,000 houses in the city have their basements flooded because we had something that was supposed to be a once-in-500-year rainstorm. It's the second time it's happened in six years. We're spending a lot of time right now rebuilding our stormwater system. We've got a neighborhood called Jefferson Chalmers on the east side of Detroit that's actually below the water level on the Detroit River. And when the Great Lakes levels rise, the entire neighborhood would be underwater were it not for a rose of sandbags. And of course our ski resorts up north have had shortened seasons. So we may not have some of the terrible wildfires or hurricanes other parts of America have experienced. But we are spending every bit as much time trying to make sure that our folks are safe long-term from the effects of climate change. So what can we do to keep young people here? What do we sell for ourselves in the Midwest? We're not having a lot of trouble getting young people to be here. There is more construction going on in Detroit than there's been in 50 years. So in our case I think it's the mobility industry that's attracting them. And of course Mayor's of every major city can tell you the younger generation has moved into the cities. And we're about to get a University of Michigan graduate school built in the city of Detroit that will focus on mobility, finance, and entrepreneurs that Stephen Ross is leading. We're very excited about. So we're feeling pretty good about the young folks moving to the city. Okay, great. For the other mayors, how is climate affecting things in your cities? Is it just a negative? Are there some positives there? Are there other things that we should be looking at when we talk about getting young people to stay in our cities, including of course our great universities in the Big Ten and elsewhere? What, any thoughts? Yeah, this is Mayor Teague and Iowa City. And this is actually a great question when you're talking about climate change and how can we ensure that we have the infrastructure to entice people to come to our city and also remain one of the things that I will say is that climate action is never complete no matter what we do as an ongoing process. We have to be intentional with our and how we focus and dedicate some time to really core services. And the biggest way that we can really impact climate change is ensuring that we educate and equip those that are residents in our community. And so I think that's going to be very important when we're talking about houses and how we can better insulate and make sure that though they are able to financially afford some climate action activities within the homes. The other thing is creating inviting fun and inviting public spaces like parks and trails to make sure that people want to come to our city and just making sure that we have long term goals that really do entice people to come. And because the young people are thinking about this most certainly. So making sure that there's bike trails and any other type of mobility that is easily accessible to people and making sure that it's a part of the city planning efforts to make sure that we have these mobility all of the mobility aspects in place. If I can I'm going to jump in on the point of the question regarding how to keep young people in your city and just for context in the city of Chicago on a yearly basis there are two hundred thousand undergrad and graduate students in our city across all of our different colleges and universities and historically our city government has had little to no contact with these young people. So we started last year really building that relationship and the bottom line for us is making sure that young people particularly those in the technology field understand that they don't have to go to the coast to have a great fulfilling career. Putting our innovative businesses and our economy and strengths of it in front of them and reminding them that and all of us are Midwestern mayors that we are much more affordable than any place that you're ever going to find on the coast. You can own a home. You can have a great fulfilling career and you don't have to go to New York or California to be able to do that. I think there's a lot more that we have to do and I will say also increasingly the value statement is a big point I think for young people and for employers we stand for justice for all period full stop and I believe that increasingly that is going to be a difference maker in how decisions are made by businesses particularly with a young workforce about where they're going to be making specific investments. For example we sent a letter to high school seniors here in our city and encouraging them when they think about their college choices to think about places that share their values. So we are really leaning into the values proposition because we think that it is increasingly becoming a business statement and an advantage for a city like Chicago particularly when we see the number of undergrads and graduate students that pass through our city on a yearly basis. Paul if I could round out the horn here because this is I mean look climate change sustainability is critical in all of our communities but in Cincinnati it is the North Star for our economic development. I'm of the opinion that there will be an inward migration maybe in the next 50 or 100 years but it's going to happen because of climate change and because of the rising cost of living on the on the coast and that's not just rhetoric when you look at the 100 billion dollar investment that Intel just made just two hours north of Cincinnati they chose that location because of number one it's access to freshwater with both the Great Lakes to our north and the Ohio River to our south and because of the climate resiliency of the middle of the country. Look in order to catalyze on that and in order frankly to take advantage of remote work by that I mean if you can live and work anywhere I want you to choose Cincinnati we are on the national scale incredibly affordable we are dense we're diverse we lean into public transportation we're very very walkable as Mayor Lightfoot said we have all of the assets the larger cities do you can achieve whatever you want at a fraction of the cost and on the cutting edge of sustainability so if that's not a pitch for the Midwest I don't know. Great job great job the the Mayor Duggan's comments about the the 500 year rain or flood reminded me my one year I think I was running for reelection and we had a combined sewer overflow issue that flooded up put sewage in a bunch of people's basements and I said you know this is a hundred year or two you know 500 year flood it won't happen again it happened the next weekend and obviously reelection year then the media is all interested I go out you go to these basements with smelly sewage in it and you know but I got people I decided most people don't see our sewers and they don't realize the problems with the infrastructure there they see when the roads are deteriorating the bridges but they don't see the sewers so I got the people behind let's fix the sewers and they actually said they would pick up my house if I didn't push for a sewer rate hike big enough to get this fixed and we're still working on it now but anyways this leads into the my next question and this is infrastructure you know our bridges our roads our sewers our water supply systems airports other physical infrastructure in our older cities our surrounding communities are aging they're sometimes failing but these are usually problems that also transcend many of the governmental boundary lines so we have to deal with they go across state lines across city lines across county lines how can we best address these infrastructure needs and the regional structural challenges that face our cities today and uh mera piervo you're right there with uh kentucky uh ohio indiana all coming together how do you deal with these issues and any thoughts on how we can best deal with these going forward paul let me let me first say I did go to a house state i'm not going to make any dumb jokes about ohio state michigan I am going to say though mayor taylor they must pay you a lot more than they pay the mayor since daddy because you are either up to your eyeballs in debt with four degrees or you you've got uh you've hit the jackpot there but but anyway that's absolutely right paul these these challenges that many of our city space really transcend specific jurisdiction and isolated interests uh almost by definition and you can look no further evidence of that than a very local project here in since daddy and that is the brent spence bridge which in many ways has been a poster child for the importance of the federal infrastructure funding that we've seen you know a failing bridge doesn't know where the city limits are or for that matter where the state limits are and it doesn't know the political party or or uh or the the the party of its local elected officials it's it's simply failing right and residents on both sides of the river have felt the effects of closures of congestion and and a national negative impact frankly on supply chain issues due to this bridge acting as a bottleneck between two states ohio and kentucky and the intersection of two interstates i75 and i71 and and the reason we're on tracks to fix this is because the state governments of both ohio and kentucky governed by two leaders of different political parties and regional leaders impacted by the bridge we all came together to get this done i was there with governors andy basher and and mike de wine in may as they signed a joint application between the two states for $2 billion in federal infrastructure support but but when we're when we're a city like ours facing limited resources and a problem of this scale that's really the only way we can get transformational projects off the ground because in order to get that federal funding we have to be able to prove that we have the partnerships the plan and the local match funding to accomplish the project and that's and that's true for big projects like the brentzbenz bridge but it's also true for smaller projects like the western hills viaduct the west side of our city has historically been connected to downtown through one primary artery and that is the viaduct a nearly 100 year old bridge that is structurally and functionally obsolete it's it's literally rain and concrete traffic has had to be reduced maintenance has become increased increasingly expensive and and fixing it is critical for those residents who depend on the viaduct to access the places where they work or where they live and and play so we were we were thrilled to just be approved just last week for a grant of 127 million dollars in an infrastructure dollars for that project but but securing that required us to come together with the county and the city and county don't always get along and demonstrate our ability to commit the necessary local match dollars we came together to get a game changing transit levy passed in 2020 which provided a joint regional transit board which we refer to as sorda and thanks to that effort in our partnerships we were able to get over 150 million and local match dollars to pair with federal funding so in order to be as competitive as possible for this once in a generation amount of dollars our strategy has been collaboration not just at the city and the county but also across state lines and so far it's been really successful great um i'm going to brag a little bit about a former indiana mayor uh pete buda judge is the uh the secretary uh cabinet secretary that's been dealing with the infrastructure issues uh former mayor of south bend indiana and working with moon uh or with uh mitch landrew former mayor of new orleans too on these infrastructure issues so it's uh mayors do know that these these are direct issues how about the rest of you how are you dealing with infrastructure challenges particularly the regional issues that go into this well we're very happy that the former indiana resident pete buda judge is one of the newest residents of the state of michigan uh and uh we have a really interesting situation a lot of cities faced but uh for a half a century the heart of the black community in the city of detroit was paradise valley hastings straight uh and in the 1950s in a decision that without any doubt was driven by racial considerations that entire district was wiped out and a freeway stretch called i-375 was put in uh the people the thousands of people were displaced in the late 50s uh there is really no doubt led to the violence in 1967 in detroit's still feeling the repercussions today but i'm pretty confident uh with the sec help of the secretary of transportation and our governor gretchen whitmer uh we are going to do something to to re-nit this city there is a huge ditch in the city of detroit that divides it where i-375 is and we are really focused now on pulling that freeway out raising it back up to a surface street which will create a mile of high value development uh in the heart of downtown detroit will be one of the most attractive development strips anywhere in america any mayor would love to have that right through the heart of their their downtown and the governor and i are committed to make sure that the people who have a chance to invest and rebuild that are done in a way that's reflective of those folks who were historically deprived of those economic opportunities we are going to rebuild uh a Hastings street in a way uh that's going to to provide opportunity for those who have been excluded and that kind of infrastructure project is is really exciting and uh i think we'll have some news on that very shortly sounds great you're lightfoot i'm happy to i'm happy to jump in um i really think that uh mayor our provol really um said exactly the right things um from the beginning of my administration we have really focused on regionalism um and particularly around infrastructure transportation water which is a big uh issue for us in this region um you build those relationships um when you don't need them so that when you do need them you can draw up on them we're facing uh this is an infrastructure issue but we're facing um challenges right now because uh um a certain governor from texas has decided to um put uh migrants on buses and ship them to cities like um chicago new york uh in washington dc i could say a whole lot about that but i won't in this context but we have to have regional partnership to be able to address these issues yes we're in a very large city but we've got challenges of our own with affordable housing shortages um making sure that our homeless population um has housing and then we have them now in the last uh two plus weeks 400 new residents that are coming to chicago that we hadn't anticipated and then have a whole plethora of needs so making sure that we are working together as chicago land and not just chicago uh is critically important but i think um to mary dungan's point um you've got to face the challenges and longstanding failures to address infrastructure needs crumbling bridges coming worlds i mean that is the most visible signs for our residents of whether or not a governance function well or not so before the federal infrastructure bill uh was a glimmer and uh president biden's eye we floated um our own billion dollar um bond to fund a multi-year capital plan which in the city we were always obviously always doing infrastructure work but it wasn't sustainable and many of the projects because of the lack of investment are multi-year um things that need to get done whether it's replacing our water and sewer lines whether it's tackling um once and for all our challenges around around lead service lines we have more lead service lines uh in our residents than any other city in a country because lead service lines were mandatory up until 1986 so a lot of these long delayed infrastructure needs we haven't sat back and waited um we have taken our own destiny in our own hands um and are working on these issues again hand in glove with the residents of our city other stakeholders but our regional partners as well great let's move on to our our next major question and this will be for maritime the primarily for maritime to start with um public hostility toward um local and state governmental organizations questions about the legitimacy of our elections concerns and challenges with the rule of law these all directly impact the functioning democracies in our communities today the university of michigan's center for local state and urban policy one of our sponsors uh one of our hosts today just released findings from a survey of michigan's local government leaders that found over half 53 percent said their own government personnel had faced harassment or abuse from members of the public in the last few years we've probably all seen the videos read stories about residents being openly hostile out to our local officials at city council meetings school board meetings public health commission meetings and so on um curious uh particularly with iowa being uh sort of in the front lines with our presidential caucuses in the front lines uh sometimes with new ways of doing things i'm wondering uh mayor teague is this a problem in your jurisdiction are you concerned about disinformation election deniers threats to election workers and the like and is there anything that can be done to help uh correct this situation across the country mayor teague yes well we've certainly seen a change in behaviors in recent years uh for a long time we saw some of this play out at a federal level then a trickle down to some of the the state government and now we're seeing it in uh city council as well as our county and school boards on a routine basis personal attacks profane language um and harassing or threatening behaviors are becoming more common um i think we all witness you know the united states capital uh what happened there uh one of the biggest concerns that i do have is what will this mean for a future pool of elected officials many people that i talked to they actually want no parts of um of an elected role because of what they've observed um as a lack of this uh civil discord and personal attacks that elected officials have faced and so i do believe that we need to try to reverse this trend um because we really do need people to raise their hand up and say hey i want to be a part um of uh uh you know speaking on behalf of of constituents in this community and represent and we have a lot of great candidates that just won't raise their hand right now when we're talking about solutions i think there are a few solutions first we have to ensure that elected officials model the behavior that um we want people to see as we've seen onto again so many levels of um not proper modeling of how do you engage with elected officials uh saying what you want without actually um just having these bad interactions where you're screaming and hollering and talking about uh the person given defining the individual i am a i am someone that really do believe that people should come and voice their concerns they're passionate about some of these topics you they'll get emotional they'll get angry i think that is all appropriate but when you start to really you know lash out and define people i think that's where a person needs to step back and just reconsider how how can they get their message across government is always the strongest when it's um closest to the people unfortunately our lives are increasingly online anymore which provides a different kind of distance at our local level we were online for a long time during the thick of the pandemic and now we're back in person and i think many of the communities are now experiencing you know returning back in person to have their meetings um the other thing that i will say is that uh we have to recognize how people consume information it's drastically changed in the last decade we have to reshape how our communications um is being shared and we have to do something to ensure that it's timely accurate and fact-based we rely a lot on our um on organizations in our community and and oftentimes organizations they have their own um i would say uh interest that is happening within city government and i honestly just think that um they have a great opportunity to impact those that have an issue to be brought forth before council but i really do have to always encourage them to make sure that it's accurate and fact-based sometimes they have this flashing name that you know store up people and get them to come to city hall and they don't have all the information and so i always encourage people to make sure that they're doing fact-based information to those that they're really representing when they are an organization other than that i know that across the nation again we're we're seeing just this civil discourse and i i really do believe that it's those personal relationships taking time to talk to people and making sure that you hear them out as an elected official but also making sure that the information that we're sharing is given a full uh scope so that people can have a greater understanding of the topic at hand great i i know i want to make sure we have time for the student questions but just uh other mirrors uh i think it's it's such an important issue the future sort of democracy and the elections in our country i mean is this been an issue in your cities at all or is this uh playing out more at a statewide or national level well as far as personally certainly i've had no issues i i've broke tradition i drive myself as i have for the last nine years i pump my own gas i go to the grocery store by myself in detroit and certainly people want to talk to me about the dead tree or the pothole after they get their picture taken but that's that's as bad as a harassment's gotten but on the voting side detroit was at ground zero uh election night in in 2020 when donald trump uh sent people from outside the city down uh to the counting center and uh in in 2016 trump won michigan by 10 000 votes in 2020 he lost it by 150 000 votes uh so president biden did 160 000 votes better 2 000 votes better out of detroit 158 000 votes better out of the surrounding suburbs the gross points the oakland counties where the suburban women shifted but donald trump didn't stand up on election night and said charge the clerk's offices in gross point where the votes are going against me it was a very cynical attempt uh to stoke racial prejudice saying you can't trust the vote count in detroit and we were very proud here after three independent audits and four lawsuits uh that the city of detroit ballot counting uh was found to be uh very close to perfect uh and thrown out so i think there's a lot of pride here but when you want to talk statewide we have a republican candidate for attorney general who was the leader of the election deniers and a republican candidate for secretary of state who was basically the number two election denier but i'm pretty confident the people of the state of michigan will uh let them know in november uh what they think about the behavior of the election deniers well i will say that i i am very worried about the state of our democracy and i frankly think the winds of of toxicity were blowing long before donald trump came down the escalator in 2015 but certainly he's accelerated it and there's a lot i think that all of us could say about this question but i'll i'll focus on two elements that i think are really um at most propagating the toxicity that we're seeing in the dialogue uh people who make money propagating lies um and hate it doesn't make any sense to me i've been watching with great interest um the sandy hook parents who have taken um the info wars guide to court um and this guy continues to make money he gets up in court he says one thing and then he goes on a show um that evening and propagates more lies and he's got sponsors he's got folks that are paying money to be a part of his whole operation which is spreading lies and hate so we've got to go after the economic incentive for people to um spread lies and hate that i think are disintegrating pillars of our democracy the other piece of that and it's really the i think the other side of the same coin is the social media platforms um we've got to hold them accountable there's got to be federal regulation not only um do they know that hate and lies are being propagated on their platforms also violence is being propagated on their platforms the fact that we can at any given time go on a social media platform and buy a bunch of illegal firearms the fact that gang members are openly talking on social media platform about the violence of their planning against particular targeted individuals and we hear oh well you know free speech our algorithms it's nonsense so to me there's a lot that needs to be done we've got to teach our kids about um de-escalation we've got to teach our kids that demonizing somebody who has a disagreement um with you on a policy issue um we can't tolerate or stand that if we're going to have a healthy democracy but we've also got to go after the people who are allowing this hate and lies to be spread like wildfire and it's the the bloggers um it is uh people on the podcast and absolutely the social media comments yeah well said let's um i wanted to make sure we have time for our student questions and we've saved about 15 minutes here for that we're going to have to start out with a video question um uh from um our host at the university of michigan i think that should be coming up first and we'll have lightning round responses we'll just call on all the mayors to make a quick response to the questions that come from the students my name is daniel walleck i'm a third year dual master of public policy and master of urban and regional planning student from the university of michigan this question is for all of you despite need being at an all-time high federal funding to support affordable housing has significantly declined from what it used to be within the context of a particularly volatile national political climate how have your cities changed or how are you changing your approach to funding and creating more affordable housing in your cities thank you daniel housing issues i'll jump in very quickly so um we are taking a comprehensive approach to housing uh we've put 57 million dollars into our trust fund to provide gap financing to get more affordable units onto the market more quickly with a dedicated stream of revenue of five million dollars every year we've taken a we've reviewed all of our tax abatements for real estate development deals to make sure that they are equitable we'll be rolling out those conclusions later this year and finally probably most importantly and hardest of all we're doing a fundamental review of our land use policies specifically zoning 70 percent of Cincinnati prohibits multifamily units by design our poverty is concentrated and our city is segregated we're forming that and doing away with parking minimums and multifamily unit prohibitions will allow us to not just grow but also be more integrated and equitable how was that for lightning was that good real good other mayors i'll jump in we um announced last december a billion dollar plan to build more affordable units when i came into office we were about 120 000 affordable units down and we've been steadily chipping away at it but what i'm most proud about the billion dollar investment is not just the size of it which is obviously important but for chicago probably still one of the most segregated cities in a country we're going to be building affordable units all over our city and not just in poor black and brown neighborhoods so it's a big deal for us a big step towards ending segregation once and for all our city and uh as all the mayors know uh relations between mayors and city councils can often be strained uh the one area where the city council and i have worked together completely has been this we've made a decision you're going to get any help at all in building housing in this city 20 percent of your units are going to have to be set aside for affordable housing we've done that the last eight years and we've just taken the position that every section of this city is going to be available to people of all incomes that's what we think a city is we preserve 10 000 units that had their federal tax credits expiring we built another 2000 and last month the city council support moved another 200 million dollars into it and so far we've avoided the kinds of of experiences a lot of communities have had with 10 cities and the like but it is a commitment that every part of this city is going to have affordable housing and it's something when you're unified it's actually pretty easy to get the developers to go along with it fair take yes in our city our council is going through a strategic planning process right now what we've done in the past is in our river front crosses area we required all new projects to have 10 percent affordable housing in it now one of the things about that is that they can do a fee in lieu of and and now that we're going through this new process where we're I would agree zoning is a is a major part of it that we have to look at we're looking at form-based goals throughout our community and as we continue to do that we'll ensure that we in you know have some affordable housing it is right now the number one thing that this council wants to do is affordable housing and so as we go through our finalization of our strategic planning process I do anticipate that we're going to certainly increase our partnerships with our affordable housing partners and with community members here alike great the next question is a written question that was submitted from a student at the University of Illinois at Chicago and I think Mayor Lightfoot tied into some of this earlier answer but I'd like all of you just for a quick response basically how can mayor's elected officials and public servants alike create a criminal justice criminal justice system that is equitable while public opinion is so negative I'll jump in so that's a very big question and in a lightning rail that's difficult so I'll just I'll just double click on on one issue and that is our justice system at least in Ohio and in many local communities is a black box we we don't understand frankly because we don't have the data who is getting sentenced for what and why and so one of the things that I've been really working on in my career I was first of all the clerk of courts running the courthouse and now as mayor is partnering with our local judges our prosecutor's office and our law enforcement to have one data portal so that we can have a better sense from arrest all the way through appeals what is actually going on in our justice system so then we can fashion reforms that are surgical rather than kind of reaching around in the dark anybody else want to jump in yeah I mean look a really tough question and what I would say is you've got to make sure as I said before that all parts of the criminal justice ecosystem are aligned on some core principles and for me it's about holding violent dangerous people accountable not turning jails into debtors prisons where poor people can't get out because they can't afford a $1,000 or less bail in some instances but also making sure that we never never forget victims and witnesses that are out there obviously criminal justice reform really focuses in most instances around the defendants and of course they deserve their day in court they need to make sure that the constitutional protections are that they are entitled to become real and meaningful but if we forget the victims and the witnesses we forget the hardship that they face particularly when they've been the victims of a violent crime we are going to lose the public and that unfortunately is what I fear is happening too much across the country that we forgotten the people who need us to stand up in this moment and protect them and keep them safe so I'll probably go a different angle right there I would just say mental health is really important when we're looking at this because that's something that we're hearing all the time right mental health and I think we're going at this with a punitive lens often and I think we just have to also engage with our professionals that really do understand rehabilitation when people are in the system and so I won't I would actually echo everything that has been said before and I just want to bring in the element of mental health. So Mayor Lightfoot and I are a complete agreement which isn't a total surprise a few decades ago I was a student at the University of Michigan who lived on the seventh floor of South Quad and right down the hallway from me was a young woman named Lori Lightfoot both of us went on to be prosecutors before we became mayor and there is no question the people in our communities are entitled to public safety we can't apologize for that we need to do it well but there are times officers are going to make mistakes making split second decisions and there's times when the mistakes are more deep seated and we respond to it in three ways transparency transparency transparency we became the first city in the country to have every officer fully outfitted with old bodycams and dashcams that were integrated and we come out quickly after every case and there's been times our officers have done things wrong and there's been immediate consequences there have been a lot of times where our officers were exonerated but the public in this town knows right or wrong we're going to show what happened we're going to own up to it we're going to deal with it forthrightly. The um actually there was another question that you kind of touched on already about reallocating funds for community programs from the police department and I think you've all touched on that a little bit let me move to another question this is from uh can I just jump in on that for a second yeah you know in the wake of the murder of george floyd there was a huge I think national alcray around defunding I'm not one who supports defunding in part because of this most police departments 95 percent of their budget is personnel because of the vagaries of union contracts when you talk about defunding you're talking about getting rid of the most junior officers who are the best trained and the most diverse and come to the job with a different set of sensibilities um than more veteran officers that are routinely on the job 20 25 30 years and so I think it's both and we've got to support our police departments and when I hear people talk about defunding what I hear is we want other forms of policing and response on an investment in communities which I agree with but the path through to get there in my view is not to defund our police departments okay let's go um we're about out of time so I think we've got time for one more question this is from a student uh University of Iowa why has trust in the government plummeted and what impact has this had on politics in recent years when I was an undergrad in George McGovern was running for president after Nixon we all said what happened to trust in the government so it's been a long-standing uh issue but I think some of the stuff we've seen and and certainly the impact of social media to spread things that aren't true makes it that much more challenging for for all of us and I don't know what we can do except stand up and tell the truth and I do think over time that'll work yeah mayor kink mentioned you know earlier that he was worried about uh good people not jumping into public service and and that is that is the lifeblood of democracy and there's no doubt that social media and uh and the perpetration of of lies as mayor light lightfoot raised up in one of her earlier points has contributed to that but I want to add to the conversation two factors that I think are utterly polluting our politics and that is the surgical gerrymandering that we've experienced here in Ohio and other states have experienced and you know of course democrats do this too but overwhelmingly it's republican states that have gerrymandered their legislatures which have resulted in some completely out of the mainstream pieces of legislation and number two uh money money just flowing in all directions into these races oftentimes from not the city or district or state swaying swaying public opinion and until we get meaningful reforms on both of those fronts our democracy will continue to stumble along I would say ditto and totally endorse your hundred percent right mayor rubella so national um national government does matter to people but I think local is is where people can reach out and touch individuals and and I think that is something that um when when people in the community are uh wanting something and the government don't provide it for them so every day people ride on streets every day um you know there's potholes uh and then neighbors who who have some complaints whether that is one against a neighbor where there's a noise ordinance that's not being followed or something like that um or even their own lawn so I think um a lot of this is personal for individuals when when we're talking about this distrust and I think well as a government we have to do a better job of actually explaining uh policies and and coals and also just being quiet sometime and hearing people out oftentimes we think we need to have an answer but what we really need to do is just listen well it's uh I used to tell people all the time that I when I thought about government and talked about government I really didn't buy into the sort of Ronald Reagan government is the problem approach but I didn't buy I didn't always buy into the Lyndon Johnson government is the answer approach I've always said government is us it's what we make of it and I think the lesson from these mayors from this discussion is that all of us need to get more involved we need more people getting involved more people voting more people showing up and more people learning about what's really happening and I think if we do that I think then our democracy can be in good shape and if we don't do that then then we do have concerns going forward I want to thank all the mayors uh for being part of the program today and I want to thank all the folks that put this together uh and for the audience that turned into us so thank y'all really


Welcome folks, we have the Dow Industries trading down 381, we have the NASDAQ off 304, S&Ps are off 70, that's a downdraft folks inside the NASDAQ of 2.1%, 1.1% of the S&Ps and 1.1 the Dow Industries and you can expect this is going to be a nasty close folks. That's the bad news. The good news is if I bring you over to the S&P for a second and take a look at it, what you have here is this, I expect lower markets into the close but I just want to explain something to you. When you do more than a 1 to 1.618 ABC structure down or up folks, most of the time you get an immediate change of trend. So if we take a look at this S&P, what you're going to see here is that your figure is 43.74, meaning that would be a 1 to 1.618 ABC down and we've hit 44.3, so I expect what we're going to probably have inside the S&P is that it is going to, without stopping that is, go after the swing lows of October 1st. You take a look at the NDX100, we've been talking about the 350 area, bottom line we're here.  So this game is wide open to get the test, meaning the 350. Gold, gold contract out here, we're trading at a price point of 1831, right now you're down to 10 bucks, $11, you get $210,000 contracts and that's going to be low contract volume going against its strength. So we're going against, yeah, you're going to get $318,000 contracts and you get $210,000 and good old Kingdala, we take a look at Kingdala, Kingdala is still trying to make up its mind. It went up to ice, gave it up, but guess what, it's really staying up there again. You're down 92 ticks, you're at 95, 643, bottom line, this can go either way once again. It's a classic thus far. What I mean by that is that you broke down, you come back to ice. Most times though, you don't stay up here that long and we're up here four days now. So we'll see what the rest of this is going to shake up. We're going to take a look at the composite and as that composite now, this is what's also dangerous. The composite blew through the October 4th swing lows like butter. I mean in a modern way, it blew away, so that's saying we want lower price. Stay right there folks, come right back.


Today, we're building five secret rooms in our house to hide from a real bounty hunter. Ever since we were kids, we've always wanted a secret room. And now, we have five of them. These rooms will literally be impossible to find, and we're so confident about that. We challenged a professional bounty hunter to find all five of the rooms in one hour. And if he succeeds, we'll give him $10,000. The bounty hunter is literally on his way here, so we need to get started. There's so many places I could build a secret room in this house, but I have to find the best one because this bounty hunter has literally found every single YouTuber's secret room. So what if I cut a hole in this couch and build a secret room under that? Wait, but hasn't he found a secret room underneath the couch before? I should be building a secret room in a place he's never found. I think I'm going to go look upstairs first.  Oh, this bathroom's nice. What if I were able to build a secret room behind this one-way mirror? Sorry, twins. I got a giant box here, and I'm going to turn it into an invisible box using reflection panels. Let's get started. Check this out. Yeah! You can't even see it. It's not really invisible. Dang it! Meanwhile, I discovered a cheat code to get ahead of everybody else. So I have the blueprints to this entire house here, and just by looking at it, somewhere in this living room is hollow. So I just need to find it and drill hole in it. Ah! Oh my God! Help me! Help! Wait, are you in the air vent? No, I'm stuck. This is how the ventilation is stuck.  Help me. How did he fit in there? Let's look somewhere else, Sean. Alright. I gotta be quick, because we don't have much time. Oh, this doghouse is huge! Okay, what if I was able to move it into the pool and go to Underwater Secret House? Ah! Oh, I can't pick it up. But, ladies, I can pick you up. So, I might as well just come up with a genius plan. I'm going to move the fridge up here, cut a hole through the back of the fridge, and just build my secret room back here. Safety first. You know what? This is going to take way too long. Unlike the other guys, I was actually making some progress. You guys hear that? It's all over here. Someone hand me a drill. Oh! You guys see that? Now that I've found my secret room, my plan is to cut a giant hole in my living room floor, and then I'm going to put a bed over it to cover it up since no one has ever built a secret room under a bed before. Sean decided he needed some fresh air after nearly suffocating in that air vent. So, he took a search outside. What if I built a secret room on top of this tree? All I have to do is bring up this box on top of this tree and build a secret tree house. Oh, f**k, no, no, I'll grab that later. I'm scared. I think I should get a ladder. There's no way he's going to check on the roof, so I'm going to build a secret room up here. I'm scared to hide. Whatever. Oh, there it is! You know what, guys?  Wait, where'd the ladder go? Where'd the ladder go? Where'd my ladder go? Oh, yeah, perfect. Oh. Ah! I'm going to go look somewhere else. Oh, check out this fireplace. I could definitely build a secret room in here. All I need to do is take off this cover, bury myself in there, and I'll be good to go.  I'm trying to save you $10,000 by building the best secret room. This marble and fireplace cost $20,000. Yeah, look somewhere else. Wait, I could build a secret room underneath the stairs. Hey, Shawn! Shawn! Did you even see if the stairs are hollow? Oh.  God. Meanwhile, I was finishing cutting up a giant hole in the living room. All right, moment of truth. Three, two, one. Gosh, there is way more room in here than I expected. I'm about to turn this into the craziest secret room. Did you see me? No. Perfect. I'm going to use this to maneuver around the house once the bounty hunter gets here. Oh, wait! This looks like it's going to come in handy. Thank you! I'm actually going to look outside and see if I can build a secret room out here. Check this out. What if I build my secret room inside this underground tunnel? I've got to make sure there's no spiders in here first. Look at these spider webs. All right, I'm going to shut it now. Oh, hey! Someone, let me out of here!  This is too heavy! This place definitely isn't going to work. Well, at least now I know there's a secret tunnel system below the house. Might come in handy later. Check this out. There's already a secret room right here. All I have to do is remove this door knob.  He's never going to know that there was a door here. This is literally the perfect place for a secret room. I can put a TV right there. Now two of us have found our secret rooms. I just needed to disguise the entrance to mine. I just brought the perfect bathroom upstairs to cover up my secret room. I'm excited. OK, that's perfect. Now I have a secret entrance to my secret room. Tanner, on the other hand, has accomplished literally nothing. Honestly, I'm running out of ideas in time, so I'm just going to have to use the secret room from last video. Check this out.  Whoa! I bet you guys never seen anything like this before. Whoa! Check this out! All I need is some snacks, and I'm in basic delivery here. With the bounty hunter on his way, neither Caleb or Alan have yet to find their secret rooms. So I just found out this wall is hollow, which means there's 50 space behind this wall for a secret room.  Let's go grab the wardrobe. A little help could have freakin' been nice. I had to help Alex with the bed. He won't even help me with the wardrobe.  I use that as a secret entrance to the secret room. I have to move the wardrobe again. Three, two, one. Wait, there's so much space in here! That's satisfying. I can live in here! Now Caleb was the only one left who still needed to find his secret room. I got the perfect idea. If I can start the giant wall and put a mirror on it, I can use it as a secret entrance into my secret room. I need to go get some supplies. I can turn this secret room into the coolest room ever. Since we're running out of time, we need to split up. So guys, take my credit card, five bunches of supplies, we're gonna finish up. And pop out, and pop out! While the boys headed off to the store, Alan and I continued working on our secret rooms. That's sick, isn't it?  Check it out. Look at that! That's sick! All that's left for me to do is to disguise this wardrobe. Meanwhile, the boys were finally arriving at the store.  Like this, babe.  Oh, Tana, slow down. Dude, chill. We got everything we can need here. Let's go buy some wooden building supplies. All right, I think one more of these should do it. Damn, all this wood is making my wood hard.  Let's find a mirror. All this is gonna be perfect for the wall I'm gonna build to put the one-way mirror. Things weren't going so perfectly for Alan back at the house, though. Guys, I just realized we have a huge problem.  So I just added hinges on the back wall of the wardrobe that I cut out, and I'm gonna use this as a door to get in and out of my secret room. We only have 20 more minutes until the bounty hunter gets here. Lucky for us, the boys are just now getting back from the store. Now that we got all the stuff from the store, it's finally time to build the secret rooms. Alan, Alex, we got your stuff? Now it's time for the fun part. Customizing our secret rooms. All right, so I finally have everything that I need. Now it's time to transform this into the best secret room. Now that the door handle's off, I'm gonna use these tiles to camouflage the door. Guys, check out my security system. I literally see Sean right here, working on his room. That's so funny. This is definitely gonna come in handy. Now that the outside's finished, time to design the inside. Check this out. Bam! Just wait until this room is done. Meanwhile, Kayla finished constructing the wall for his secret room, using the wood from Home Depot. It's literally so heavy, it took three people to carry it. All right, it looks pretty good, huh? Thanks for the help. There's only 15 minutes left until the bounty hunter gets here. So it's time for finishing touches. The last step I have is to put this special film over the glass to turn it into an actual one with you. Therefore, I can see out, but they can't see it. All right, so right now I'm just flattening it out so there's no air bubbles. I don't think there's any way he's gonna see it. Now that all our rooms are complete, it's time for room tours. But we have to be quick because the bounty hunter is getting here in 10 minutes. So I'm finally done customizing my secret room. I can't believe I was able to turn it from this to this. Let me give you guys a quick tour. So I have my TV right here, my PS5 plugged into it, ready to play. I have snacks right here. I also have a fridge with some drinks inside of it. And most importantly, I have my security system set up right there. That's right, we set up nine hidden security cameras throughout the house so we can keep track of the bounty hunter when he arrives. All right, guys, watch this. You would have never known there was a secret room back here, huh? I feel like this is a secret closet from Nardia, but something's missing. Check it out. I have an arcade machine here and a full-on TV with a PS5. This is a medieval night armor worn by an actual knight. Not to mention a dartboard right behind me here. I could stay in here for weeks. That was bullseye, right? Let's see what Caleb did with his room. Check it out. We got Netflix right here for the movies, of course. Over here we got my stuff. This is my favorite book, though. It's on women's suffrage. And over here, I don't think we need to talk about this part. Well, that was creepy. Anyways, Sean has one last thing he needs to add to the secret room. Oh, wait, I forgot the best part. I like them bows. Gotta let them know. My room's finally done. Let me give you guys a quick tour. I got some snacks, my shake weight, so I can stay busy. And I got a TV and a disco ball. And lastly, my favorite, the Apple Vision Pro. Now no one knows what I'm watching. Sean, it's connected to all the computers. What? Don't watch my browsing history. Last up, we have Tanner's room. Guys, check this out. I have the best room yet. I got a TV, neon lights, all these snacks, even a basketball hoop. All right, that was a bad idea. So the bounty hunter gets in two minutes. So we're gonna set up some traps and decoys real quick to mess with them and waste this time. Come on guys.  Looks pretty good. With almost no time left, some of us ran into some major issues. Wait, I ran into a big problem. I need to put food and drinks outside the pantry to disguise it better. I gotta hurry up, I think he's almost here. Okay, so I just realized I have a huge issue. If the bounty hunter decides to lift up the bed like this, he's gonna see the secret room, which means I need to try to cover up the entrance to something like a carpet or another door. Sean, can you bring me a carpet? Sean, please bring a white rug. I know you can hear me. Sean, I got your house. Thank God. Okay, you don't have much time. Hurry, hurry, hurry. Okay Alex, you're good. Oh, he's never gonna find this. How does it look Sean? It looks good. Oh guys, the bounty hunter's here. Of course, I gotta get back in my secret room quick. There's no way he's gonna find me in here. This job's gonna be easy. I've found every YouTuber I've ever looked for. This could be just like the rest of them. As soon as the bounty hunter enters the house, he has exactly one hour to find all of our secret rooms. There's a couch. You know, they've been making secret gaming rooms. The secret rooms in these couches. Ah, ah. I see something. Oh my God. So why would there be a bed in the living room? Come on, let's check it out. It's really sus. Nothing, I can't believe that. Oh my God. I'm so glad I put that part underneath the bed. Otherwise, I would have been the first one found. This might be a harder job than I thought it was. This entire place is 63,000 square feet. So I'm gonna look behind everything. Oh, that's so cute. No, but it's pretty good. My gosh. Look at that. I bet that is a two-way mirror. This is a really nice house. I feel really bad for what I'm gonna do to it. I'm about to use the key to the city on this. Oh, I guess nobody was behind there, but it's gotta break a couple of eggs. It broke me. You know, I don't like locked doors. So I'm gonna get that door open real quick.  Why is he destroying my house? Let's go. Oh, there's a kitchen. I bet some of the people are hiding in the cabinets. He's in the kitchen, guys. Oh my gosh. Come out, come out. I know right there. Clear. Clear. Clear. Wasted a lot of time. Wait. What is that? These snacks, they're gonna keep me going. I don't know who's they are, but they're mine now. No! I'm surprised he's gonna rip out the cabinets. Wait, he's walking towards our first decoy. Eye holes. He just body slammed our cameraman's door. So here we are now, upstairs. I'm gonna bang on each one to make sure it's not hollow.  I'm gonna catch them. Come on, folks. Nothing. Man, nothing, I can't believe this. I bet Sean's glad he didn't actually hide in the air vent. Oh my gosh, this is a big room. Let's go. Oh my gosh, the dummy. I literally hear him slam stuff upstairs. I can't believe this. Meanwhile, some of the guys were taken advantage of the fact that the bounty hunter was on the other side of the house. Okay, if I get a bullseye, you guys have to subscribe. Oh! This is my favorite book. Okay, back to the bounty hunter. Why don't those cases again subscribe? They're making fun of me. Gosh darn it. Okay, honestly, you guys should break that subscribe button the same way he just broke it. I can't believe this. It's destroying. Let's save more money like this. Man, I catch everyone and gave them a $10,000? Oh yeah. The good news is, even though the bounty hunter completely destroyed our rooms, we still managed to waste 10 minutes of his time. The bad news is, Sean ran into a huge problem. Oh, I noticed on the security camera that one of my tires fell out. I gotta go into the kitchen and grab some more. Since I have to run to the kitchen to grab extra tiles, I have this invisibility shield here in case I run into the bounty hunter. I just heard someone run right by me. You know, there is something off about this kitchen. I'm gonna go check these cabinets out right now. Leave it. They're just wasting a lot of time right now.  All I'm gonna do is just get this job done. Well, I need to check out this side of the house, have it up there yet. Hold on, that ball looks a little funny. Got you. Ah!  I think you found Sean. Am I the first? Yes, you're the first one. I need to know whether the rest of them are hiding. Have you tried outside? No, good job, thank you. Wait, is he actually going outside? Good job, Sean. But what the bounty hunter didn't know is that Sean was actually sending him in the direction of our next decoy. Oh my God, this is the perfect room for a secret room. I can't believe I didn't come out here earlier. It's okay, because I got the keys to the city. Why is he tearing up my shed outside? Are you kidding me? Can he not just open the door? This was a demonstration, I'm gonna throw him out. Our decoy did manage to waste another five minutes of the bounty hunter's time, but he was starting to get angry. Let's go. We are running out of time, so I need to look through everything, come on. I think he's outside my room. Oh, I've seen all kinds of rooms in places like this. That was close call. Honestly, I thought he was gonna find out in there. Check this chair, nothing, nothing. Why is he just destroying my room? Nothing, gotta check by these pictures, nothing. There's nothing in here. Come on, where's the other door? Okay, he just left. Oh my gosh, would you look at that? There's gotta be a secret door under there. I'm pretty sure there's a hole on the other side and he could have just crawled in instead of kicking it down. Somebody needs to teach us how to use a door. Nothing, why do they keep wasting my time? Okay, so he's moving on to a master bathroom, decoy number three. Now boys, I'd love to join you, but I got a job to do. I don't know if he was being serious, but I think he really liked that decoy. Come on, let's just check out this next room. I need to look everywhere, make sure there's no secret handles, doors, or anything like that. Nothing. My trusty brush, this is crime scene dust, kid, that is real stuff. Getting nervous. No, no fingerprints. But you know what? I bet you there's a million fingerprints here, because you know what? I've seen a lot of two-way mirrors. Dude, this guy's good. Oh my gosh, just like I said. Handprints and fingerprints.  Because we're going to see a room at the other side of this. There's going to be someone standing on the other side of that mirror. Let me turn the lights off. Just what I said. Yeah, I'm coming in, kid. You better hide. You better sit down, son. What are we out here? A book on women's suffrage. That's weird. Has somebody watched Fifty Shades of Grey too many times? It's a good movie, man. You such a mouthful. I'll be down there and deal with you in a minute. Okay. One of these belts. Four, son. I don't know, man. One of these sitting right here? Uh... Is this where you bring ladies? Sometimes. At least you bring ladies in here, but there's no ladies that come in here, is there? You know, weird. Quick, watch the Fifty Shades of Grey. Where are the women now? Huh? Two down. Three more to go. Okay, so he doesn't have much time, and he still has to find three more people. Come on. I want to go back to the secret rooms. I've already found. I can see if there's any clues. Now let me find the other ones. Come on. So... I got a black light, and I can see any type of fingerprints of DNA. Oh, my gosh.  Oh, no. I want to stay in there if I was Zach. You get out right now. Listen. Listen to me. You're going to tell me where the other people are, because I didn't get $10,000. Look at me. They're in there. You better open that door before I make you open up with your head. In the very back. In the very back. All the way to the right. What? Oh, no. You put it in. Oh, my gosh.  Oh, God. Oh, no. I want to stay in there if I was Zach. Oh, no, you put it in. Are those shoes? You tried to lock me in someplace, son? You're going to come here right now. Why is it smelling? And that's what you get, son.  Hold it a second. That's what I got my snacks earlier. Oh, my God. God. The air must have been hungry. All right, check this out. This is the coolest part of my secret room. I can grab whatever I want. Get some Oreos, that's what I want. There's got to be a control someplace. Come on. Let's see if this works. No. This is it. Now, maybe if I grab these something might happen. Tanner, get out right now.  Come on.  Listen, son. Get out of here. No, Tanner, step out or die. It's literally just me and Alex left now. Another one down. Two more to go. Wow. I haven't seen this part of the house yet. What's this? Oh, there's somebody hiding under there. What? Another decoy. Okay, maybe we should have made a rule saying that he couldn't break things because he's breaking everything. That's the next person I find. I got to be missing something in here. Hold on. Is that a wire? That's a security camera. You know how I'm going to deal with that? Goodbye, friend. Now let's go look for some more of those wires. I feel like disconnecting it might have been easier. I'm running out of time. I got to do something. Wait a second. What is this? This wire is going under the rug. Wait. I think he just figured out the wires leave the house first. Oh, my gosh. I believe there's a secret room. Right under his bed. These cables are running through it. Shhh. I'm getting in there.  I have never seen a more expertly built secret room pulled off like this beneath the bed. You do realize you only have a few minutes left, right? What are you talking about? It's literally just me left. I have to figure out a backup plan. FD again. Just some old tools and weird stuff. There's only five minutes left. I really don't think he's going to find this room. Judging by the lights out of this room, it is most very likely a secret room. I have a D. Another diversion. I only have a couple minutes left. Wait. Don't look at that laptop. I'm good. That's the same wardrobe I saw upstairs. That closed out the top. This is bad. I'm going to just... Anything. There's a secret room right behind this wall. I'm going to have to knock on it. You know what that means. That $10,000 is mine. What? He's supposed to be here. I can't believe this. Where is he? Hold on. No way. There's a hole in there. We're going to have to go down there. You with me? Where'd you go? Where's my $10,000? But I spent an hour and five minutes, so time's up. Lulina, I found everyone else. You're cheating. And in case you guys were wondering how I escaped, I used a secret tunnel I discovered earlier, which is connected to my secret room. Our five minutes up at your clock is broken. And you... You come right here right now. Oh no. Oh no.