Hey folks! If you've been watching recent episodes of Code Club, you know that I've been talking way too much about rarefaction. Rarefaction is a pretty controversial thing these days in the microbial ecology and I suspect the broader ecology literature. One alternative that was proposed by Dr. Amy Willis at the University of Washington in Seattle was instead of rarefying our data, she suggests using the estimated richness because that should be independent of the number of sequences, the number of observations for each of our samples. In her Frontiers in Microbiology commentary piece, she has kind of a toy example where she shows how this can be done and the benefits perhaps of estimating richness relative to rarefying the data. And in an ideal case, yeah, that would be independent of sample size and would truly reflect the actual richness in our community. But how does this actually work with real data? Well, what we're going to do in today's episode is I'm going to generate another null model of my overall communities so that I can sub-sample down to create other communities that have the same number of sequences that were there in the original sample. And so then each sample will basically represent a statistical sampling of a pooled community. So all of those samples should have the same richness independent of their sample size. We saw previously that when we rarefy the data, yes, we get uniform richness across all those samples. But what happens when we do this estimated approach? So I have my estimate richness dot r script open here ready to go. If you want to get your own copy of this along with the data that I'm using, go down below in the description, there's a link to a blog post as well as a video up here that I'll put a link to showing you how you can get up to date. I'll go ahead and load all this code. And as we've seen, we have our rand data frame, which again has the group, the name and the value. Again, there's about 227 different samples represented in here across 44,000 rows. And so for each group or each sample, we have different otus or taxa as well as their observed frequency count. The package that we'll be using to estimate richness is called breakaway. And so I'll do library breakaway. This is a package that was developed by Dr. Willis's lab. I'll go ahead and install that. So it did install breakaway, but it did give me some red text up here. I want to double check. And it's saying warning dependency filoseq not available. So filoseq is a package developed by Paul McMurdy and Susan Holmes for working with microbiome data. I've never really used it before. And so we need to install it because it's a dependency for breakaway. Filoseq is part of bio conductor. And so we saw how to do that a few episodes back. And so let's see if we can remember how to do that. So I can then come into I'll do library bio C manager. And then I'll do bio C manager install. And I will then install filoseq. So we'll run that that might take a few moments to go through. So there is a warning message about the GERT package. I'm going to assume that that doesn't matter. And we'll come back to that if there is a problem down the road. I don't think there will be. So I'll go ahead and reload breakaway as that library. So one of the things about breakaway is that it needs the data in a slightly different input than what we've been working with. So if I take rand and do filter on a group to get F3D0, that's the first group, right, I've got my group, my name, my value. What breakaway wants is a column for the value values, as well as the number of times each of those values occurs, right. And so what I could do would be to do something like count group comma value. Now, of course, I only have one group here. But if we kind of scale it up to all of the other groups samples I have, we will get the count for each of the values within each of the groups. And so now what I see is they have the group column, the value and the number of times. So this is basically saying that there's the 48 otus or taxa that only showed up one time in F3D0. There's 16 that showed up two times, right. So it's a bit of a pivot from what we've been working with. So we could then do is a select to remove the group column. And then we want to feed this into breakaway. So we'll do breakaway. So we get a richness estimate of 317 with a standard error of 68.57 and a confidence interval from 192 to 5555. It's a really wide confidence interval. It also tells us the cutoff that I used was 15. And so what that's saying is that it's focusing on the tax accounts between those otus that showed up one time to those that showed up 15 times to get a better fit of the data. I encourage you to go check out her papers that she has been working on to develop this methodology if you want to learn more. And I encourage you to do that. We'd like to perhaps get some information out of this breakaway object. So I would like to get like the estimate, the range, the model approach, right. And so we can do BA and pipe that to STR. And so then we see we've got estimate, error, estimate, name, and so forth. So if I did like BA dollar sign estimate, I'll get that. If I do BA dollar sign interval, interval, I get the interval, right? And so I can see that I can call on those values to then extract them from the breakaway object, the output of breakaway. All right, so I'm going to come back to this code chunk. And for now, I'm going to remove the assignment operator. And I'm also going to remove the filter. And I'm going to go ahead and remove this select and the group, right? And so again, what we have at this point is the frequency counts for each of the different groups, right? And so what I want to do is I want to make a data frame for each group. To do that, we can do nest. I can say data equals minus group. What this means then is that I have a column called data, which comes from here, that contains all of the data, all of those two columns, except for the group column, right? So the minus means except for. And so now what I've got is a two column table. First column is the group ID. The second column is the data where each row is a separate table indicating the frequency as well as the frequency of those frequencies, right? So cool. Now what we can do is we can feed this into a mutate using map functions. So let's start simple and think about counting the number of sequences, as well as the number of otus in each of our samples. If I was interested in these values for their own sake, this is not the approach I would take. But this is kind of leading us on a journey, so to speak, to think about how we can bring in that data from break away. So we can then do mutate. And I will start with n six. And I will then say that is map DBL. So that's the map function that outputs a vector of double values. And the input to this will be data. And then I will give it a function. And so I want n seeks. And so this is going to be the sum of dot x. And so that is the argument value here for data. And so I'll do dot x dollar sign value dollar sign, sorry, dot x dollar sign n. And so this then outputs the number of sequences. Again, the value column that we saw way back up here, right? This is the frequency, the n is the frequency of the frequencies. So the total number of sequences is the sum of those multiplied by each other. Also, if we'd like to get the observed richness, so I'll say sobs, I'll do map DBL. And we'll do data. And then here we will do tilde again, I'll do some, and then I'll do dot x dollar sign n. Now I have this data frame with my group, the data, the number of sequences and the number of sobs. So hopefully this practice using nest mutate and then map ring some bells, so to speak. And so now we can move on to something a bit more complicated. So what we saw before with BA is that this is a more complicated data frame, right? I can't throw BA directly into here. Actually, you know what, I can. So let's do that. So we'll then do BA equals map. And I'll leave it as map. And I'll do data comma tilde, be break away. And then I'll give that dot x. And so then this outputs the data frame we had before. But it's got that new column BA, which is a list of alpha diversity objects, which is not really helpful to us. When we've done this before with statistical tests, we've been able to wrap it, wrap the function in the tidy function, which then outputs a row from a data frame. So that's what I want to do here. I want to run get break away, and I want get break away to be a function that returns the information that I'm interested in, right? So I'll do get break away as a function. It's going to take in a data frame x, and we will then do BA equals break away, right? And that is going to be break away running on x. We'll then want to output the table. And the first value will be asked, which will be BA dollar sign estimate. We'll then have LCI for the low confidence interval, that will be BA dollar sign interval. And we want the first element in that. And then we'll also do UCI for the upper confidence interval. And so that will be two. And then we also want the model, the method that was used. So I'll then do model equals BA dollar sign model. And that should be good. Let me go ahead and put a line break couple line breaks in here to make it easier for people to see what's going on without scrolling off the side of the window here. So we'll do get break away. And so now we should be able to run this. And so now we see that that BA column no longer is a list of those funky objects, but it is a list of different tables that are one row and four column. So let's go ahead and do a select to remove the data column. And then to unnest the BA column. So we get our good looking data frame and we're good to go. Running break away on 200 and some samples does take a bit of time. And so I'm going to go ahead and save this to a variable that I will call be analysis. Right. So so I can take my be analysis and we can make some plots now. So we'll do ggplot as an x is going to be n seeks and y is going to be asked. And let's go ahead and do color equals model. I'm not sure whether or not it's going to use the same modeling approach for all of the points or not. And then we'll do geom point. And we see that there's a pretty wide range in estimates, right? Some as high as 10,000. So I'm going to zoom in a bit. And I'm going to do cord Cartesian. And I'll do why limb from zero to let's do 2000. So now that we've zoomed in, it does seem, yeah, like, as we increase the number of sequences, the estimate is going up. The negative binomial values seem to be a bit larger than the Kemp based values. So let's see if that trend in the data that we see is real. So I'm going to go ahead and do geom smooth to draw a fitted line through that. For now, also go ahead and remove the model type. So yeah, it does seem that the estimate is going up as the number of sequences go up. Let's see if we can see this a bit more clearly by looking at rarefied data, the observed data, as well as another estimate, which we'll use called Chao one. So I'm going to add a rare column to get rarefied data. And so we'll do map DBL. So we'll give it data, and we'll use the rarefied function. And so the input to rarefied is a bit different than what we've been using for breakaway. With breakaway again, we're using the frequency of frequencies. With rarefied, we want the frequencies. And so we need to kind of unroll those frequencies of frequencies. And to get that, what we can do would be to do rep with dot x dollar sign value comma dot x dollar sign n. So what this is going to do is it's the repeat function. It's going to take each value in the value column and repeat it n times. We then need to give it a sample value, which if I recall is 1828. That's the size of the smallest library in the data set. And so my I see my b analysis has the rarefied values, along with the sobs and the estimated values. So what I'd like to do is come down to my b analysis then, and I'm going to do a select on the group, the n seeks sobs rare and asked. And then I'm going to do a pivot longer, so that I can get each of those methods in a single column, as well as the estimate for each of those methods in a single column. Because what I'd like to do is make a scatter plot of the three different methods where we color by each of the three methods. So pivot longer, everything, but the group and the n seeks. And so now we see, yeah, we've got the group, the n seeks the name of the method and the value. We can pipe this in a gg plot. And so on the x, we have n seeks. The y, we have the value. And then the color is going to be the name. We'll do geom point, we'll leave on that geom smooth. So now we see that the rarefied value is dead flat, like we've seen in previous episodes. The blue line is the observed richness, which we see, of course, increasing with sampling effort. And then we also see the estimated value also going up with sampling effort. So let's add another estimator. And that is going to be the chow one. So I'll do get chow and function on x. The formula for chow one is pretty simple to remember. It is the number of observed o to use plus the number that show up once squared divided by two times the number that show up twice, right? And so if we want the sobs, that is going to be again, we've got this frequency of frequencies data frame, and that is going to be the sum of x dollar sign n. So I'm going to make a practice data set x. So I can test what's inside this function. So I will do x as I'll do Rand, pipe that to count on group and value. And again, that's going to give me x with all that. And to kind of make it simpler, I will filter to get group of F3D0 and I'll do select to remove the group column. So now I have x as this frequency of frequencies table for that. And so now if I look at sobs, I get 189. I now want the single tens, right? So that would be a value of 48. And so to get that I can do x. I could do x row one column n to get 48. Alternatively, what might be a little bit safer instead of one because say that column was a zero, then that wouldn't be the first row, right? So let's go ahead and do x dollar sign value equals one. And that gets us back 48. And then we can then do pull n to get the actual vector value. This is a little bit of a mix up of tidy verse and base R. So I'll just say that's sing. And so then let's take that and let's do dub for the double tens, right? And let's get the single tens loaded. And I'm not sure if I ever loaded the sobs. And so then we can do sobs plus sing squared divided by in parentheses two times the dub. And that gives us 261 as the estimate. Great. So now we've got get chow loaded. And we can add that into here, where we can then do chow, map, DBL, data comma, tilde, get chow. And we can give that dot x. And then we'll put in that comma. And then down in this second pipe when we're making the plot, we're going to go ahead and select to get the chow along with all those others. And so now we see that red is the chow green is the estimate. And so yeah, regardless of the estimator in these case of using breakaway or chow one, we still see that increase in richness with increase in sampling effort, regardless of whether using refraction in your own work. I hope you found today's episode interesting. Again, thinking through a problem, trying to create conditions where we can test that hypothesis that estimating richness will get us around the sensitivity to sampling effort. Certainly in our hands with these data, we see that there definitely is an influence of sampling effort on the richness estimate. The other thing that's just a little bit strange and worrisome to me is that the estimates are very sensitive and kind of really wide range. I didn't show you the confidence intervals here, but they're gigantic. So wide that I almost feel like they're not really informative to our purposes of trying to do microbial ecology. Anyway, again, I hope you enjoyed the review of using nest, mutate with map, and then unnest to work through how we can bring more complicated data sets into our existing data frame. Encourage you to play with this using your own data as always. If you've got any comments or feedback, by all means, leave a note down below in the comments and I'd really appreciate that interaction. We'll keep practicing with this and we'll see you next time for another episode of Code Club.


re i'm pretty sure it would hold the full gym it has the controller which we saw uh moving it around which was absolutely awesome i'm gonna take a picture of that and post that tonight because that was amazing let's see some 3d stuff tomorrow yeah right um i'll send you the file we'll cut your 3d face yeah my 3d i got it i have a scanner a 3d scanner that i need to do and i that would be awesome that was one of my first 3d carbs on my channel i i did my i scanned my face with an iphone app and cut my face on it you totally do it be awesome that's awesome do i need thicker than three quarter to do it probably uh we could just make your face real small but thicker yeah yeah we layer layered up a little bit yeah maybe it could thin me out a little i like it uh yeah so if you haven't already uh oh i don't think i put ben's channel in the description but i will after the stream uh go check him out mires wood shop pretty much everywhere um super cool dude as you can tell this thing is i mean i'm this is gonna be a big learning curve but that's okay i'm i'm super pumped to do it and i cannot wait to get actually cutting some stuff i want to get the spoil board down and um i might do one like you did maybe a combination i'm not sure what i'm gonna it's it's not really big you know 16 by 16 isn't huge so i'm not sure i might do the hold down threads that's kind of a cool way to do it and then you can um i mean you have a ton of ideas on your channel so yeah there's that uh rowdy roman i don't have any idea if you're still around but if you are thank you so much for the files i got on etsy um all the cool stuff there'll be a video on this when we get it on the enclosure mountain this stuff um and i have more to print i didn't get it all printed yet i think he actually makes caps for the ends and stuff like that which is so cool um rowdy roman on etsy all this stuff will be in the description after the stream um one of my thinking well you saw me freehand it i never thought i would ever do laser laser's coming too you're gonna add the laser laser yes so uh if you weren't here earlier you just joined us um this box here is a jtech photonics uh seven watt dial laser kit that mounts on and then you can actually just put it right on here and rock and roll with a seven watt laser as well uh i cannot wait all that wires in and you just pretty much magnet it on and plug it in from what i understand um what else i got oh there's just so much stuff i gotta get a dust boot thingy to get the dust going got a print of dust boot i might just have to print that overnight uh yeah real it might be a good idea um yep yep and then i just catch laser so so what i was gonna say a second ago i didn't think of that one you could totally do that it's just it's a terrible idea um let's try it uh what i was thinking is so recently um evan and katelyn if you ever watch their channel they got a robot and they have it painting um i'm thinking i get my wife lindsay who we kind of briefly saw a little bit ago and we do like a freehand art piece you know we this is our robot right we're controlling it from a controller we have to like you know paint that would be so much fun um i can just feel the danger that's gonna have you know maybe i don't know what i'm gonna do don't don't go down i just gotta remember that don't uh but that sounds like a fun video coming up i'm gonna make that happen i just gotta tuck her into it um so before we go ben is the makita uh is makita decently my my thought on a spindle is don't buy a spindle if you've never used a c and c use the makita router it will do more than you think it can do and then some and then if you decide you need to get a spindle later get a spindle later and you were out 80 bucks but you still have a great trim router to use uh a lot of times if you're gonna cut something out you're gonna use tabs because you'll cut out a profile and you don't want to cut it all the way out or it'll just fly out gotta use little tabs and a router like this is perfect to route that out by hand later on to get out of the tabs so yeah i'd say start out with the makita router and move on from there nice um that is is good advice and now i know i mean this is so cool i'm i think you're right i i'm gonna have to spray this sand it so it sticks out and and put it somewhere for my first c and c cut thank you so much for sending me the glasses file and giving me the idea of the uh freehand cut and you guys out there i know you were sweating it did you thought it was going to break a bit so did i i thought so too um and we did good we did good tonight you didn't even break a bit and we had a successful car that was great awesome you can home individual access yes you can yes so they're on the controller over here there's home buttons um and i think you can where did i get that i saw it before oh the looks like a home right so if i hit this one it'll just home the x if i hit i'm gonna hold this um if i hit this one that'll home and just like uh you know just like many of the 3d printers we have at homes in the front right i added a lot i added a water and water they want a water jet and a water table all kinds of heads why not put a 3d printing out on there what's the difference i don't know i'm you become a snap maker at that point yeah so i just home did all um just like that and it homes up front so i cannot wait to get this thing rolling um it is i'm gonna i'm gonna say this thing is a freaking beefy machine as you can see by these giant rails and these are only the 35 millimeter rails right right the x 50 is even bigger i think you had one behind you so uh everybody else i know yeah there it goes you can pull it up again hang on yeah that's an x that's an x 50 rail that and so i got to say this um no no disrespect to the chipo chipoco or those because they're you know seem to be great machines Trent has one he's made some amazing stuff but i gotta tell you i have a feeling i couldn't stand on that one the chipoco like i really that these things are beefy i did not expect it to be this solid um so the machinist is suit with a smaller you get a cnc machine the more solid it is just by the geometry of it but the machinist is i could park my truck on that thing and it would hold it up nice someone says uh just a few more days until my wood my woodworker arrives this has been fun and helpful thanks for guys hey thank you for coming awesome um just got my x 50 yesterday somebody says awesome yep um this is the best cnc ever iron man says i'm gonna have to say it's the best one i own um the best one i've ever seen and you have a lot of them or you had a lot of yeah i'm through a bunch three yeah but but everybody else i'm gonna get going i know ben's gotta get going to and it's been almost three hours so it's pure enjoyment so much for joining us um ben hey stay stay right i'll be right back with you anyway but thank you i can't thank you enough for for walking me through this um i mean giving me the the push to do this random stuff in the center was awesome yeah and uh it's always like that friend it's like ah hold my beer hang on uh but but i appreciate it thanks for getting me connected with the uh one affinity uh group over there and and i look forward to having you on the channel more as we learn more about this because i think um you're an awesome resource for one and for two i'm definitely gonna need to help so anytime man i love it this has been great thank you so much everybody else have a goon i'm gonna sign off have a great night uh stay safe i don't think i'm gonna go live tomorrow i'm probably not going to go live tomorrow with anything else but uh i will this week because i have a bunch of 3d printers and some lasers to do as well but for now everybody have a great night have a great rest of your weekend and we will see you next time everybody see you later bye bye


Let's let's build on what Nila said a greed disagree. She's saying this shows Claudette has no self-confidence at least not yet Anyway, just shawna. I disagree with Nila because on page 241 when um when Mirabella bit um Jeanette's um ankle the tech states I ignore her and continued on the hall this shows that Claudette is having confidence by trying to ignore Um The way that Mirabella is acting towards Jeanette So it shows that she's trying to act more human like because if she still wanted to act wolf like that She would have went back. Okay. Good. So that was paragraph 61 saying that show she does have self-confidence. All right. Good. What else?


The four easy things that will help you to build great relationships with any classroom. Establishing rapport in the classroom is essential if you are going to have a successful class. In this paper, I will examine some of my classroom experience and compare my successful classes to my less successful classes. In doing so, I hope to make an observation about best practices that I can implement in my English teaching. Along with using my own experience, I will be talking with other teachers that I know and using the provided texts that I have been given for this course. The three areas I will focus on are, beginning the course, student participation, and being positive. Beginning the course. 1. Determine the course in the beginning. How a teacher begins a course will determine how the rest of the course goes. I have seen this to be true in all of the classes I have taught and taken. I distinctly remember one of my favorite classes in college. It was a family communication course. The professor started out with many get to know you games. This allowed us to get to know each other as students. We did some military team building exercises that were very memorable. Each exercise we did teach us a lesson about the importance of working as a team. At the end of the first day, my professor brought everybody back together and said, There is one thing that is essential to a good class, but most teachers don't do. Do you know what it is? We all try to guess what it could be. We guess everything from knowing the students names to doing get to know you games. He said, Those are all important, but not the most important on the first day. The most important thing a teacher can do on the first day is to let the class out a little early. We were all stunned at the answer. We didn't think of that at all. It makes sense though, doesn't it? As we left class early that day we were excited to come back for the next class session. 2. Let students know about themselves. Our text says that in order to establish good rap or a good teacher should make sure that the students get a chance to get to know a little bit about themselves. It also says that at the beginning of each course a teacher should do some sort of ice breaking activity to get the students more comfortable with each other. Unit 5, page 11 of our text. I have found that doing these things, as well as some others, is essential to having a good class session for the remainder of the course. 3. Do not supply everything yourself. While I was doing my student teaching, I would always have my instructor come and observe me. I remember feeling really good about a lesson I had given one day. As he spoke to me afterward, he gave me some words of correction. He told me that there was too much Taylor talk. I had told many stories about my own experience that I didn't let the students participate. This caused the students to begin to come to class thinking that they would just sit and listen. I have since corrected my error and started eliciting information from the students. It was incredible to see the transformation that took place. Students came to class with stories of how they had implemented something we learn in class in the outside world. Not only that, I wasn't just a teacher anymore. I became a learner as well. I have learned so much from my students in my career. It is all because I have allowed them to speak and participate in the classroom. 4. Be positive in everything you do. My teaching experience has taught me that student almost has a sixth sense. This is a sense that they have for reading their teacher. From the very first moment they meet you they begin to assess whether or not you are going to be a good teacher. One of the main factors that they look at is if you are a positive person. I have noticed in my career that those who teachers who love their job and are positive, usually have classes that love their experience. Positivity rubs off on the students and it all starts with the teacher. I am not saying that a teacher has to be 100% happy all the time. That would be presumptuous and wrong. The teacher has bad days just like everybody else does. It is the good teachers who push through those bad days and focus on the positive. Are you ready to teach English abroad? These are just four things about building a rapport that I have noticed throughout my career. These things can be implemented in the classroom by doing simple things. They aren't hard to do, but the implementation of these three things will make or break the classroom experience. I am still learning as a teacher, but I am glad that I have learned these three things early on in my career. Speak with an ITTT advisor today to put together your personal plan for teaching English abroad. Send us an email or call us toll free at 1-800-490-0531 to speak with an ITTT advisor today.


Thanks for checking out this video to tell you about what is coming to shutter for January and Before I get into that. I need to say this look We knew it was gonna slow down a little bit at some time with the excitement level for what shutter kept putting out for Month-to-month, so I think January 2021 is that slow down and Some people may be very disappointed about that. I'm actually okay with that because I have a ton of stuff in my Watchlist on shutter that I need to get caught up on so January will give me a little bit of time to get caught up That said there is still some good stuff. So here's what's coming First of all, I'm gonna start with the exclusives and originals for shutter, which if you don't know I will always have reviews for those Days ahead of them actually hitting shutter and there are no spoiler reviews. They will always be on my channel I they usually put out their new shutter originals and exclusives on Thursdays And I will have my reviews up usually on the Monday of that week So you can kind of you know get an idea of what it's gonna be like now That said there is one I will not be doing and when I get to it. I'll explain it why So the first shutter film is a shutter Original called hunted and that's coming January 14th What started is a flirtatious encounter at a bar turns into a life-or-death struggle as Eve becomes the unknowing Target of a misogynistic plot against her forced to flee as two men pursue her through the forest She's pushed to her extremes while fighting to survive, but survival isn't enough for Eve She will have revenge a modern and radical take on the little red riding hood fable sounds interesting Hunted is an exhilarating transcendent and frequently brutal survival tale that elevates itself with the power of myth Myth and magic while still holding an exacting mirror to present-day society Sounds interesting. I'm definitely into that. That is also available Canada UK and New Zealand Australia The Queen of black magic, which is a shutter Original as well coming January 28th The sins of the past come back with a vengeance in this new film from two of Indonesia's modern masters of horror director Kimo, Stamble and writer Joko Anwar, which by the way if you have not seen in pedagore by Joko Anwar Which I believe is still on shutter. You must must must that film is awesome Check that out a family travels to the distant rural orphanage Where the father was raised to pay their respects to the facilities gravely ill director But his and his best friend's homecoming turns into a terrifying supernatural ordeal that threatens there and their family's lives Someone is using dark magic to avenge evil deeds long buried but not forgotten Stamble's film is a reimagining of the 1981 Indonesian horror classic of the same name Also available in Canada UK and Australia New Zealand. I'm excited for that one because Joko Anwar Yes in pedagore. I will see anything this person does now because I'm in pedagore. Very good This is the one I will not be doing. It's a show. It's season two and that's why I won't be doing it Because I haven't seen season one so season two of a discovery of witches that is coming January 9th I'm not going to go into the description of that because it may give spoilers From the first season so I don't want to read it because I will do a review of the first season at some point And then I'll go ahead and do the second season or actually when I do a review I'll probably just watch season one and two and just do a full review of the whole thing So but just know that's coming January 9th season two of a discovery of witches and season one is on shutter at the moment Okay, so other stuff coming The walking dead world beyond season one I'm not excited about this not big into walking dead Not big in zombies in general so January 21st the most recent series in the walking dead universe comes to shutter The walking dead world beyond delves into a new mythology and story that follows the first generation Raised in the surviving civilization of a post-apocalyptic world Two sisters along with two friends leave a place of safety and comfort to brave dangers known and unknown Living and undead on an important quest Pursued by those who wish to protect them and those who wish to harm them a tale of growing up and transformation Unfurls across dangerous terrain Challenging everything they know. Okay All right I'm still not gonna watch it not into the walking dead stuff But if you want to go for it a collection coming there is going to be a Peter Cushing collection coming on January 18th Which will involve the films and now the screaming starts Asylum the beast must die and the flesh and the fiends So I think there might be Little little us nopsies for them coming up and I'll get to that. Okay. So coming January 4th Super dark times Zach and Josh are best friends growing up in the 90s in the suburbs Where teenage life revolves around hanging out looking for kicks Navigating first love and vying for popularity when a traumatic incident drives a wedge between the previously inseparable pair They're youthful innocence abruptly vanishes each possesses the tragedy in his own way until Circumstances grow increasingly complex and spiral into violence And that's available for all shutter areas I'm just gonna say that instead of saying UK, Canada, US, Australia, New Zealand all shutter areas Fingers also coming on the fourth when an employee shows up to work with a missing pinky It awakens demons in his boss that she never knew she harbored Okay, that's it and that's everywhere For shutter January 9th discovery of which as we already talked about that January 11th before the fire as a global pandemic in Gulf Los Angeles rising TV star Ava Boone is Forced to flee the mounting chaos and return to her rural hometown as she struggles to acclimate to a way of life She left behind long ago her homecoming attracts a dangerous figure from her past Threatening both her and the family that serves as her only sanctuary Hmm. I don't know about that the next one I have seen before and I do recommend it is a good film and that is also coming January 11th cub Oh, by the way before the fire is coming to all shutter areas cub Does not specify where it's going. So I guess just the US a Boy scout on a camping trip realizes something evil is in the woods But the other scouts who love to pick on Sam don't buy his story What nobody knows is that a deranged poacher and his feral son have booby-trapped the entire area and are eager to test Out their toys on the clueless children. Like I said, I've seen it. It's good. It's been some years Also coming the 11th the pit 12 year old Jamie is an outcast in his small town.  He hears from Teddy. Jamie Lewis is unsuspecting tormentors one by one to a forest pit That he has discovered on the outskirts of town so that they can be devoured by the man-eating Troglodytes that dwell at the bottom of the pit. Oh, wow. Okay, I'm in I want to see that one This one doesn't specify. So I'm guessing just the US Celia Also coming the 11th an imaginative and somewhat disturbed young girl fantasizes about evil creatures and other oddities to mask her insecurities while growing up in rural Australia So US Canada and UK only It's about Australia. Why is it not not in Australia, New Zealand? That's so weird. Okay, the 14th hunted We already talked about that the 16th a discovery of witches episode 202 I guess they're kind of doing it like an episode per week for a discovery of witches season 2 So it seems like All right, so here are the films for the Peter Cushing collection coming January 18th and now the screaming starts at the end of the 1700s Catherine and Charles honeymoon is thrown into chaos when she is raped and impregnated by a ghost before long they've got a kid they've got to contend with a monstrous severed hand a skeptical psychiatrist and other creek creepy Circumstances one of amicus studio's few non anthology films This remains a superb slice of 70s British brutality. Cool. I'm in Asylum in order to secure a job any mental institution a young psychiatrist But it must interview for patients inside the asylum and hear their terrifying stories sounds like an anthology. So I'm down the beast must die a group of guests at a country house learn that one of them is secretly a werewolf in the supernatural mystery which famously included a werewolf break Where audience members could guess who the guilty party is that's interesting among the many suspects are an archaeologist a piano player and Diplomat all of whom must submit to the series of strange werewolf tests That sounds good as well the flesh and the fiends the last of the collection Horror Audiences have long been fascinated by the tale of Robert Knox a Scottish doctor who in 1828 became notorious for his complicity in a series of murders committed by grave Robbers Burke and Hare who received cash in exchange for fresh cadavers John Gillings exceptionally eerie 1960 retelling unlike John Landis's 2010 slapstick Burke and Hare is Historically accurate right down to Knox's lazy left eye. That's interesting and that one is also in Canada So I assume all the other ones are just us Unfortunately, January 19th the wolf house Do Maria a young woman finds refuge in a house in the south of Chile after escaping from a sect of German religious fanatics Interesting. She is welcomed into the home by two pigs the only inhabitants of the place Interesting like in a dream the universe of the house reacts to Maria's feelings Hmm the animals transform slowly into humans and the house becomes a nightmarish world inspired by the actual case of Colonia Dignidad or Dignidad The wolf house masquerades as an animated fairy tale produced by the leader of the sect in order to indoctrinate its followers Huh, it's an interesting concept. That one is US and Canada The walking dead world beyond on January 21st discovery of which is episode 203 on January 23rd January 25th night breed Classic Clive Barker film Aaron is tormented by visions of monstrous graveyard dwelling creatures, but his creepy therapist offers little solace Cronenberg by the way David Cronenberg when he's framed for serial slayings in the area He heads for Midian a place where undead monsters known as night breed live there Barker's follow-up to Hellraiser developed a cult following on video and its recent restoration proves its important place in horror cinema I wonder what cut of it. It's gonna be because it may be a cut. I haven't seen I know there was like a Definitive cut so I'll have to look into that. So that's US and Canada only Also coming on the 25th rawhead Rex. I have a review for this on my channel. I recommend it It's a so bad. It's good film. Definitely watch it if you haven't seen it He's pure evil pure power pure terror Rawhead Rex is a demon alive for millennia trapped in the depths of hell and waiting for release He is held by an ancient seal imprisoned for centuries in a barren field near the Hamlet of Rathmore, Ireland In time this gruesome Legacy has been forgotten dismissed as an odd pre-Christian myth until Tom Garen decides To plow the field his ancestors knew better than to disturb the seal is broken and an unspeakable evil is unleashed Screenplay by Clive Barker. It's worth saying for sure. Trust me also available. US and Canada is where it's available January 26th the untold story after a severed hand washes up on a Macau beach Police suspect Wong Chi Hong the new owner of the eight immortals restaurant famous for their delicious pork buns The heads the hands belong to the missing mother of the restaurant's former owner Who has disappeared along with the rest of his family staff at the restaurant continue to go missing? But the police can't find any hard evidence can they make him talk and what was in those famous pork buns? That sounds interesting. I want to check that out US and Canada Uh the woman also coming on the 26th A man imprisons a violent feral woman and enlists his family to help civilize her Terrified of his domineering ways his wife and daughters reluctantly go along with his plan But his horny son needs no encouragement to start his own abusive treatment of the woman Lucky McKee and Jack Ketchum's shocking tale of american sadism is one of the most provocative horror films of the decade Unflinching in its depiction of extreme violence inflicted on women and the horror of unchecked male privilege Available in the u.s. Canada and uk January 28th we already talked about the queen of black magic and then january 30th a discovery of which is episode 204 And that does it for january. Sorry about that noise Um, so yeah, like I said, there's some things to be excited about in there I'm excited about there are a few films. I want to check out and I probably will try and check out all those Peter Cushing films But yeah, it's it's a little more low key than the last Like three or four months that shutters had So, um, I'm gonna use it to catch up a little bit, but I'll watch a few new things But like I said, don't forget the originals and exclusives other than discovery of which is season two I will have no spoiler reviews for on the mondays before they come out on those thursdays So just be aware of that you can check that out on my channel and I'll always have those for the originals and exclusives so Let's go ahead and talk in the comments. What are you excited about for january? Or is this one of those months where you're just gonna be like, eh, I'll catch up on other stuff. I'm not that interested Interested in hearing what you what you think do me a quick favor though Hit that subscribe button if you like this video or any video I've ever done That is your best way to repay me. It is quick. It is painless and it truly means a lot to me I'm very thankful when people do subscribe Also hit the notification bell and that way, you know when I'm putting up videos like this any of my many movie reviews Unboxings all that type of stuff, but regardless, I appreciate you taking your time to check this out and until next time keep it brutal


these sponsorships. Is that what you mentioned? Maybe you could know that what that is. Yeah, I could just share that. Yeah, I mean actually a number of contacts, we have different shelters around the country and other specific organizations, many of whom have been mentioned, but the name one I'm thinking of is Freedom for Immigrants and it's an organization that's dedicated to ending detention of immigrants. But, and mostly what they do is have sort of organized and sort of, I think of it as a coalition of visitation groups and many detention centers around the country where there's groups that go in and visit people in detention and certainly at the Suffolk County, Massachusetts, prison, whatever it's called, that's one of the groups that's under the umbrella of freedom for immigrants. But there's a listserv there and I can have one email to them and I know that 50 people across the country at least are gonna see it and some one of those people might have just visited someone in detention who could then say, yeah, this person is eligible. Can we get this evening? Okay. Do you think I touched on that? Was it Brea? Did you have your hand up? Yeah, I just wanted to throw out that working without authorization is technically not a part of asylum, but it can be a part of getting a green card if you are granted asylum. So it can bite you later, which is why a decision is to not take it. Yes, Joanne. Yeah, well, very great. I just talked with the chief of saying that immigration is, I don't know, who might know some more about this one. There are people coming to the civic center with a Portland name and they're on their way and I'm wondering. Or Joanne is sharing the news up there. Some folks headed to Portland, Maine, that are being dropped off really and that the civic center in Portland and wondering what kind of what is happening. What happens next? What happens next for folks there? I happen to know that there are local organizations in Portland that are definitely localizing to offer support. I don't know a lot of the details, but maybe others around do. I said about 24 hours ago, the United Way in Portland had taken over the coordinated services and support for the people who arrived. I think it was 150 or 160 people from a variety of countries. And they were actively trying to find people who speak French and a variety of African languages, including without limited discrimination to come and help with translation. And I think a lot of the mayor and the city government are also very strongly involved in supporting them. It's been, the only reason I know this is it's been all over the news. So I think that recently reliable information is very easy to find right now. But there was, I think, a different nonprofit coordinating the support in the United Way and then taking it over so they would leave the content. And they definitely need all the support that they can get. That's great. Are there questions for Steve, Annie, or Elizabeth? Yeah, go ahead, Elizabeth. I just wanna say if you are deeply involved in this work in some way and I'm looking for, if you're not sure if you're connected to all of the different resources, I'm happy to chat. There's like, at a company that's directory that includes the free of, for immigration representation network that also includes the national bond fund network. There are immigration bond funds in many, many states, including here, and we also coordinate across those bond funds. Doesn't mean we can pay every bond, but I'm happy to try to connect. And then I do, it's on my heart to say, absolutely no child should ever be separated from their parent and no child should be in cages. And I also wanna offer that in the history of immigration justice work in the United States, we have sometimes tried to win by saying some people should not be in cages or some people should not have status, but other people, it's okay if they're in ice jail, it's okay if they don't have status. So we have used this logic of dreamers, it's not their fault, they didn't choose to come. And many of the undocumented organizers that I most trust are very clear that we cannot hedge who is human and who is not, and no one should be in a cage and no one should not be able to move across the land and migrate as so many of our people, unless we are indigenous to this land, have done. And so absolutely child separation has to end. And also we can't fall for this idea that it might be okay for a 23-year-old Honduran man to be in jail, but it's not okay for a child to be in jail. It's actually not okay for any person to be in a cage. Thank you. I did wanna invite Sylvia Knight to share a word about the Vermont Freedom Bail Fund, and then since I think there weren't any other questions, so Sylvia will share just for a couple minutes. And I think Annie and Elizabeth have a song that we're gonna, we're gonna reprise the song that we started with, Sylvia. Well, thank you for this invitation to speak. I heard Bob and my husband and I have been allies of migrant justice for, let's see, six and a half years now. Last year, about this time, migrant justice came to me and some of their people had been, some of the farm workers had been arrested and put in detention and they always had to scurry together to try to pull together some bail funds if there was any chance of them getting out. And the Will Landrick approached me and he said, we're having this problem and would you be willing to help us to start our bail fund? Okay. And then I pulled together a steering committee because there was a really new experience. So it's a way of people like us being able to express solidarity with the undocumented immigrants who are increasingly vulnerable in our state. There's no priorities for who they pick up, except there has been a priority. ICE has been going after migrant justice's activists, their staff members or the farmers themselves who have been participating in their coordinated committee. They have become a focus and we know that because ICE said to one of the men who was arrested, okay, it's next. So, you know, so we're, unfortunately, our bail fund was not able to help any of them, but I have a picture here of AE Calvo Cruz who was released last November. We were honored to be able to release him. So we see our bail fund is a form of solidarity and resistance to one form of resistance to a parole machine.  Do you have any questions? Thank you, Sylvia. So we'll get to sing one more time. Yes? And can I ask the box around? Feel free to pass the box. You can also visit the table to learn more. We will sing one more time and then just a few closing words from Charles Simpson from the Burlington meeting and then we'll be free to just connect with one another at the close of our hour. Most of you speak English and Spanish verses, so if one of those languages is not the most comfortable for you, just hang in there and we'll move back and forth. All right. Where you go, I will go, we'll be love, we'll be love, don't they buy us a whole, we'll be love, don't they buy us a whole. This is my very great pleasure to thank, first of all, Melvia and Jessica for their courage, our panelists for their wonderful engage and creative expertise, our organizers, the Interfaith Coalition for the Sanctuary and Vermont and our sponsors who are listed at the bottom of the flyer and in particular our hosts that will be joining the Unitarian Church of Romania and finally you are our audience for your interest and humanitarian concern. Thank you.