Hi everyone, it's MJ and in this video, I'm going to attempt to explain what ito's lemma is Essentially, why do we need ito's lemma because with ito processes? How do we integrate when we have this Brownian motion function over here remember ito's process is when you're drifting your dispersion of functions and like with say the vina process where they were constants and remember the vina process is just a more generalized version of your Brownian motion or think of this as white noise So make sure you've seen these three videos and you're comfortable with the theory because now This is where things get difficult. So ito's lemma we've got ito's process and What we're gonna do is Like I said, we're not gonna explain how he did it. We're just gonna see how it's useful We're gonna use it as a lemma because mathematically this is insane But essentially k ito came up with this idea saying well hold on if I create a function g of x and t it's going to follow this following Form and like I say how he figured that out. We don't know what we do know There's there is the proof, but it very much is above my pay grade I don't understand it what we're gonna do though and especially what they they ask for us in the actual exams is just to Understand it or how to use it. So this is the tricky step if you can figure out how he came up with that step Fantastic well done your IQs past 500, but for the rest of us mere mortals Let's just examine this function because what this function is of itself. It's an ito's lemma where we have Drift is going to be equal to this term over here and our variance or our dispersion is this term over here Remember we're taking the squared because this variance not standard deviation. It's very important Don't get that confused. I sometimes do anyway, let's now take this ito's lemma and look at it with our stock price model which we were building in the previous video and if we take okay, this is our our model for the stock price and we use ito's lemma and we put You know this function of g and the set of every time we have x and t we're changing it You know with our mu and stock price and segment of stock price. We get this following idea over here Now this is the next big step was to say okay Well, what should this function of g be and we say if this function of g is equal to the natural log Now, why do we use the natural log? Well, we use it because it has some nice mathematical properties It makes things a lot simpler and you're gonna see that if we didn't have the natural log I mean that we have to deal with this monstrous math So the natural log is gonna make things simpler when we look at black skulls later We're gonna see that they start using different functions for g and they use that for the pricing of their derivatives But in this model we assume or we let our g function equal the natural log and What's lovely about that is look how everything starts to simplify. So these big ugly terms in this Drift part over here become nice and simple When we're using the lint of s So much so that we get to this very nice and actually manageable thing over here Where what we're seeing is okay, hold on by using the lint of s I'll mu and our sigma have now become constants. They're no longer linked to the stock price Which means we've now reduced it back to a vina process and Since it's a vina process We can use that idea that we spoke about in the vina video that the change in the value of lint s over time Interval t is going to be equal to the normal distribution with given mean and given variance Which means that the lint of s of t This means what is the stock price going to be in the future? It's natural log is given by this idea here and essentially what how this is different from the one above it is This is the change in value. So it was lint s t minus lint s 0 I've just moved lint s 0 into the distribution and now we can use this to model future stock Prices and that is a very high level view of ita's lemon Like I said, I'm not going into the mathematics because I don't know how he did that You don't need to know that for the actual exams that very much is Above our pay grade, but this is how ita's lemma is used so that we can now Integrate and have a model for the future stock price. Anyway, thanks so much for watching and in the next video We're gonna look at how this is applied to the black skulls formula


Hey folks, I'm in the process of trying to make this slope plot look better and one of the things that I noticed that would perhaps help the visual interpretation of the data here is trying to get the countries to rather than be alphabetical to be in the order of whether or not people were willing to receive the vaccine. Also, although I've got the months in the right order of August and October, what would happen if I instead of August had December? Would it still go October, December? Probably not. Well, in this episode of Code Club, I'm going to show you how we can specify the ordering of text variables, categorical variables, like country names and months. So keep watching and I'll show you how we can do this. So yeah, the country names here in the colors are in alphabetical order. They're not in the order of the percent willing to receive the vaccine. And the months August and October, we kind of got lucky that they're in the order that they were in, right? If we had September and October, it would go October and then September, because what ggplot does by default, it takes these categorical variables and then alphabetize them, and then put the variables out there in alphabetical order. I don't think this is going to totally solve our problem of having 15 colors for 15 countries. But if we could put the countries in order of either the August data or the October data, it might be easier to visually connect the country name with the color. So again, I don't think this is going to solve our problem, but it's a great opportunity to show you how we can modify the order of the country, as well as the order of the month on the x axis. To do this, we're going to have to learn about a special variable type in R called a factor. So factors forever just were really frustrating to me and caused all sorts of problems. A factor is really nothing more than an ordinal variable. So it's an ordinal variable. It's a categorical variable. Okay, what's a categorical variable? A categorical variable is a data type that fits into different categories, right? So like a country, a month, a gender, sex, these are categorical variables. An ordinal variable means that the data then have an order, right? So months are ordinal, right? Because August becomes before September comes before October. Countries aren't necessarily ordinal variables. Because there's really no, you know, reason to put one ahead of the other, unless you're thinking about things like perhaps population size, distance from the equator, or oh, yeah, whether or not people are willing to receive the vaccine. So we are going to convert our countries and our months into factors so that we can specify the order in our visual. Again, over in our studio, I have the current R script that we've been working on in the last episode in this one. If you want to get your own copy down below in the description, there's a link to a blog post for today's episode, where you can get this R script, as well as kind of further down, you will also see the data that I'm using that I got out of the Ipsos website. So again, the output of data has in one column the country, the month, and the percent. One of the nice things about a table format is that we can see the type of data in each of the columns. So looking at data here, we see that country and month are both CHR, which is short for character, and percent is DBL, which is short for double. And so again, character is another way of saying categorical. And we have month where we have two values, August and October. And I would like that to be a factor so that on the x-axis, I could put, you know, just for practice, humor me, put October and then August. To do that, we are going to use the factor function. And at the end of this data pipeline, let me add that. We'll pipe that to a mutate on month. And so I'll say month equals factor month. And then I'll say levels as the argument. And then in levels, I can give it a vector specifying the levels in the order I want them, right? So the default would be August, October. But I could also do October, August. And so now I see the opposite of what we had before. We now have October and then August. Of course, this isn't what we want. We want it to go chronological from August to October. So I'll go back up here and change August to October and October to August, so that we get basically what we already had. And so of course, then we get August and October back to the way we want it. One other thing that you can do with the factor function is that you can also set the labels. So we set the levels, we could also do labels. And then I could say August, 20, right? And I could also do October, 20. And this of course needs to be wrapped in the C function. And so now that says if I see August, I'm going to replace that with August 20. And if I see October, I'm going to replace that with October 20. Of course, there's other ways to do that that we'll see later with things like scale x discrete, you could also, you know, set the name of the month up here, right? So we said August equals total agree August 20. There's different ways to do the same thing. But know that you can also set the labels as an argument to the factor function. One last thing to show you is if we look at the output from data, we now see that month is no longer CHR, but it's FCT. And we no longer see August or October, we see instead the actual label that I specified for normally when I work with factors, I wait till the very end when I'm making the plot and modifying the labels directly on the plot, rather than on the data frame, but know that this is also an option for you. So the next thing I'd like to do is go ahead and modify the order of the countries as they're being displayed on my figure. And so again, by default, they're being plotted in alphabetical order. And it's kind of hard to see, but the lines also go down in alphabetical order. So this pink US line is here. And if you zoom in enough, you will see that that pink line goes over the top of every other line it encounters, because you for the USA is at the end of the alphabet and the last of the countries in alphabetical order. But I would rather France be last because France deserves to be last, right? Because they're not willing to receive the vaccine, they go at the bottom. And you know, perhaps China or India should be at the top of my list here, because they're the most willing to receive the vaccine. Then the question is, do we order by August or by October? So looking at our pipeline to create the data data frame, you would be totally justified to think, well, I'm going to come back into this mutate function where I made month a factor, and I'll say country equals factor, and then give that country. And then I could say levels equals, and then make a C vector where I list out all 15 countries. But that would be a royal pain in the rear, right? And also, if we then looked at other months of data as they became available, then we'd have to update this list and we just get really tedious. So we need another approach. So thankfully, there's a package called four cats, which was developed by Hadley Wickham, to be part of the tidy, tidy verse to make working with factors a lot easier to use. So instead, we'll use FCT reorder. And for FCT reorder, we give it the name of the factor. And so it doesn't have to be a factor, it can be a character column. And so we'll say country. And then we give it the column that we want to reorder by. And so I might then say percent, right? But you might be thinking, you know, Pat, at this point, data only has three columns where it's got country, month and percent. If I order by the percent column, well, that country is going to show up twice. So what's going to happen there? Well, let's take a look actually. And so this is what the output would look like. And I know that this big slope down at the top is China and the flat one is India, right? And so I am seeing China at the bottom, France at the top, followed by the USA. So first of all, the order is flipped, right? Flipped from the order that I have here. And it seems to be using the August data rather than the October data, right? So we're not really sure what's happening here. And I've also seen situations like this where you might get an error. And so when you use FCT reorder, or even with levels, you want to make sure that that level only appears once in the column that you are setting the levels by. And so to do that, we can actually take this line from our mutate and move it further up before the pivot longer. So if I look at the code here, right before my pivot longer, I then see that I've got my country and my two months. And so I can then reorder the countries by the month. So let's go ahead and do that here. So again, I will add that to this mutate line, where I've got factor reorder on country by percent. And instead of percent, let's go ahead and do October. And so now we see India is the top, which is that horizontal line, France is kind of this orangish reddish line down here at the bottom. And the USA is kind of this brownish greenish color here, right? And so we now have things reordered by the month, but it's the opposite of what we want. So how do we get India to the top and France to the bottom? Very easy. What we can do is again, we come back up to our FCT reorder, and I can put a minus sign in front of October. Now I have India at the top, followed by China, which is again, they have the decrease between August and October. So that makes sense, followed by South Korea, Brazil, right? And at the bottom, we have France. And then the USA now is this pinkish color right here, right above or connected to Spain and just below Italy, right? So again, I think this kind of helps interpreting the colors and seeing what color matches to which color, but not really. So again, if we wanted to instead of doing it by October, do it by August, then all we have to do is come back up here to October and change that to August. And so now we have China at the top, France is still at the bottom. But then we have South Africa in between the US and France, because again, it's picking that sorting by the August, rather than by the October, you could even do, you know, something a little bit different. And you could say, well, let's do it on the average of August and October, right? So you could make, you know, an average column, and you could then say, August plus October, divide by two, put a comma there, and then throw average in there. And then we've got everything sorted by the average between August and October. But again, I don't really want to do that here, but I'm kind of showing you this for demonstration purposes. So I'm going to go ahead back to how we had it, sorting things by the October data. And that because that makes the most sense to me at least. Again, in this episode, what I've shown you is how we can specify a column to be a factor and set the order and the labeling of those values in that column. We saw that by specifying the month. So that instead of the months across the x axis being alphabetical, or any other categorical verb, it doesn't have to be month, you know, you could do gender or sex or race or any of these other types of categorical variables. Instead of being alphabetical, you can specify the order. Also, we saw how we could use FCT reorder from the four cats package to specify the order of our categorical variables are our country in this case. Note also, I did not have to do a library function on four cats. That came preloaded, if you will, with the tidy verse. And so again, I think that was really nice to be able to have the ordering specified for our countries in the legend, so that it connects to the ordering of our lines, at least on the October side of the lines, to make it easier to interpret what's going on to say like, Okay, that red is India, that orange is China. And then to kind of see, Oh, yeah, China really fell off. Right. And then to see that Oh, this down here is France. So this doesn't solve all of our problems with this visual because there's a few more problems to think about. But, you know, if you had a fewer number of countries here or of other variables, then it would be a I think a great help to your audience to be able to connect what's going on. In my world of microbial ecology, people love to make pie charts or stacked bar charts.  And one of the problems that I have with them is that there's often too many colors, right? Like this, if you think 15 is a lot, check out some of these figures. Anyway, but if you had five figures, then and you could order the legend by the color or by the abundance, rather than alphabetically, then it'd be easier to connect the color for say the formicities or for the lecno-spraceae or lactobacillus to that wedge within your stacked bar chart, or in your pie chart, because you would have that order there and it'd be easier to kind of make that connection between the color and the taxonomic name. Anyway, I hope you find this helpful. Go ahead into your own code and see if you've got cases where you have categorical data being represented in ways that that you don't really want it. Another place that we often see this is where you might have a wild type strain and then different mutants. Well, maybe you want your wild type as your control or your reference, whatever that might be at the left side. And again, all your mutants or your other variable variable things off of that control could be to the right of that. Again, there's just lots of applications for using factors and that it works really well with ggplot to get the ordering of those variables exactly how you want. So keep practicing with this and we'll see you next time for another episode of Code Club.


are just coming to this video for the first time and haven't set up your domain, a transactional email service like Mailgun or a third-party object hosting or storage hosting service like S3. You may wanna watch the first part of this video, which is basically the prep. This part is really now we have the server setup, we have our Mailgun setup, we have Cloudflare setup, we have AWS's S3 setup. We are ready to now install Mastodon. That's where we are here and let's jump into it because this is gonna take a little bit to be clear. So there's that. I'm gonna actually shrink myself a bit. So give me a second. It's really just a way, yeah. Okay, so here is my VPS and Reclaim Cloud. Again, we're doing this in Reclaim Cloud. This is a tutorial for Reclaim Cloud. If you're trying to do it on another service, you probably want to find out what documentation they specifically have. We can use the command line web SSH built in if you don't have SSH keys added. If you do have SSH keys added, which I won't cover in this video, but if you do for Reclaim Cloud, you can also use your terminal on your computer, which is what I'm gonna do because it will make it easier to share what I'm doing and the screen. So I'm gonna copy this, get out of here, and then I will be actually sharing my terminal.  In Reclaim Cloud, when you have a VPS, you also will have a root username and password. It is safer to use an SSH key to be clear, but I'm gonna leave that up to you. This is the Mastodon official docs. I mentioned them in the first video where back at stocks.joinmastodon.org and then it's taking you through installing the application from source. And the thing I want to look at is I want to look at two things, preparing your machine and installing from source. So for right now, we're gonna look at prepare your machine. Then I'm gonna jump to install from source. So prepare your machine on the official Mastodon docs have a lot of info. They have how to do password based SSH, how to disable that. I'm not gonna show you that. Installing fail to ban again. It's great, but I'm not gonna show you that. I am just gonna update the system packages. I'm afraid that for someone who's fairly new to server management, which raises a question like, why do you wanna manage a Mastodon server? So keep that in mind. Some of this might lock you out if you're not familiar with it. And you don't need to install a firewall because we have one on Reclaim Cloud and I'll show you that in a bit. So the only thing I'm gonna use from preparing your machine is updating all of your packages. So that's it. So we're gonna go back to terminal and we will update all our packages. That's just pasting. I think the rest of this video is gonna be a lot of copying and pasting code to be clear. And I also wanna be clear like, I don't know exactly what all of the code I'm copying in is doing precisely. So please keep that in mind. Like, I'm not pretending. I'm a doctor, not a surgeon, Jim, is what I like to say. So now we're gonna go back to the installing from source. And this is the second link here with running Mastodon. And this is what we will spend the rest of the time working through. And I am going to copy this app install, perfect. So I'm gonna paste that in there. Looks a little weird, forgive me, that's because I moved everything around. But after that, it will work. And then I'll have a clean. Okay, so it is all installed. Now we're gonna go and grab no GS. No JS, sorry. So boom, put that in. And then we'll go through the command, all done. We're gonna grab post-grey SQL command. We're gonna put that in there. Again, a lot of copying and pasting. And then it went through, everything worked. We're gonna go to system packages. And this is our next update. Paste that right in there, boom. And you'll see it's working through the process. So there will be a couple of things along the way where we're gonna have to deviate a bit from this guide for it to work on Reclaim Cloud. Again, your mileage will vary on different services. This is really to get you up and running comfortably on Reclaim Cloud. As an aside, Mastodon 4 came out, I think yesterday, the official release. We'll still be running, I think it's 3.5.2. And then for those of you who are playing and wanna upgrade, we'll be walking you through the upgrade process. But for right now, I'm still using what's documented by Mastodon. So after that works, and it did, we're gonna go to our next command, which is yarn.  And then we're gonna set the stable version of yarn. Paste and go. All right, so we're moving right along. Now we're gonna install Ruby. Can you dig it? Yes, and then I think they asked us to put in a name for the Ruby user. I just put in my name, and then all of that, I just go through. I really don't think they care about my office. My room number, 106 is my room number. So I have gone through that, that's all set. Now I'm gonna change my user to the Mastodon user. And you have to do that in Ruby to do stuff like use the CLI code and to install CLI command line interface terminal. Cause a lot of the commands you run for the server are text commands. So you will need to be a Mastodon user at certain points, you also need it for this installation, not root. So we are gonna go to our next piece, which is these commands, I'm gonna do them one by one. You will, on this second command here, see an error. An error, an error, error. Don't worry about that error. Taylor and I discovered that it's actually not a problem. It's this make file is obsolete, don't worry. It will be updated and taken care of for you. So you don't have to worry about that getting in the way of your install. So again, I am just going through this list of commands and I'm pasting them in. Not running into any problems yet, you'll notice. Not asking you to deviate from the plan just yet, you'll notice, but that will happen. So stay tuned, don't get cocky. Okay, so here we go. All of that is done and it says once this is done, we're gonna install the correct Ruby version. And so that is 3.0.3. I think for Mastodon 4, from what I understand, it needs a later Ruby version or a different Ruby version, we will see. You don't have to worry about that right now. And then after this has been installed, we're gonna make this the global version, 3.0.3. There it is, boom. All right, so we got it and they even tell you right there, run this command, which is the command that also the Mastodon documentation tells you to run. So it's perfect. So we're gonna get in there and we're gonna run that command. So next thing is the gem bundler. We're gonna put that in there and install the bundler and that has worked. And then finally, we're gonna exit out. And this means we're exiting out of the Mastodon user. So now we're back to root. As you can see here, we are back as root user. Here is where I'm gonna ask you to do two things that aren't in this tutorial. It's basically system CTL, start, and then we're gonna do post gree sql. So basically what we're asking the system to do is start post gree sql. And it should do that, right, and it did. And then we're gonna do the same thing for another service called readis, which is kind of like an object replication service, I believe, and post gree sql is the database. So we're basically starting both these services. This is important, otherwise you'll get errors in the next part. So this is not in the official documentation, but you're gonna need to do it. Once you've done that, we're gonna go in and we're gonna create a sudo. We're gonna create a user for post gree. We'll do that. It will be like, hey, I don't know if it will say yeah. It did have a little bit of permission denied, not an issue, don't worry. That will not create a problem for you, so that's not an error you need to worry about. And then here we're gonna create a user mastodon and that worked. Boom. Finally, finally, we're gonna switch back to mastodon. Well, not finally, we have more to do. Far from finally. And then we're going to run the actual latest stable release of GitHub. So I wonder, this will be interesting. This might push us to four if it's a latest stable release. And if it does, I wonder what that will look like. I don't know if it's doing that automatically, but it will be interesting. So the last piece is we're gonna install some dependencies for Ruby and JavaScript. And so again, they're right there. You'll see I'm copying and pasting from the guide. And this is all, again, a lot of copying and pasting and sometimes waiting for this stuff to run. This one is gonna be a little bit longer.  Bundle, ah, there it is. It does, it's pulling from the latest version. Why do I know this? Because it's saying that the version should be 3.0.3. And this one is looking for 3.0.4, which means this is trying to install MasterDom 4.0. And that also means we might wanna try and update the version. I'm going a little bit off script here. I'm gonna go back here to where it said this, 303. And I'm gonna try 3.0.4 here. I'm gonna exit out, right? Because I don't wanna be, no, I do wanna be a MasterDom user, so hold on. I'm gonna do that. I'm gonna do .4, because that's what it's looking for. But it's 3.0.4. I am gonna, that worked. I am going to put this, and I'm gonna see if this works. I'm gonna put this as four now. It worked, okay. Will this work? I don't know. This is now, we're off script pretty much, which was not what I wanted to do here, but it's what happened. So, at this point, we're going back. We're still MasterDom. And this is the point, I'm gonna try this again. Bundle configuration deployment. Try this. That worked. Then we're gonna do development test. Bundle config without development test. That worked. And then we're gonna do this. Bundle install. And it's gonna look for 3.0.4 and will that work? It did. How awesome. So we, ladies and gentlemen, may have MasterDom 4.0 for your pains. And you'll notice what I did. I installed basically Ruby 3.0.4. I made that the global setting rather than 3.0.3. Whether it works or not, we will see. That's a whole different story. But I think it will. That's my opinion, man. Okay, we're done here. And then we're gonna do the yarn install pure lock file. And at this point, we are probably ready to get to the interactive setup wizard. So we did all that. Just getting the packages for Ruby and setting up PostgreSQL and Redis and all the different packages this server needs. That's what we've gone through. And at this point, everything should be there. And now we're going through the setup wizard that MasterDom provides to put in some of the things like your domain name, the email settings and other things like that. So this is where it actually gets kind of interesting and all the pre-work we did will now pay off. Okay, let's grab it. This is it. Rails environment. We're gonna click here and we're gonna paste and we're gonna go. And at this point, it's gonna say what is your domain name? Your domain name and this should not change. And I think they even warn you. They're like, look, your instance is identified by its domain name. Changing it afterwards will break things. Don't do it. So domain name, DS106.social. Do you want Singer user enabled? Now this is a good question.  If it's for a community, you're gonna want to say, I don't want to enable Singer user. So no, and that's what the default is. If it's just for you, then you're gonna want to say yes, which is not the default. I am gonna treat this like it's a community server. So I'm gonna go with the default. Are you using Docker to run MasterDom? No, one day maybe. Postgre host, all default. All default for the port, all default for the database, default for the user. And then password, also default. Boom, done, right? You don't have to add anything on Postgre SQL. Same with Redis. Boom, boom, boom, done. Do you want to store uploaded files on the cloud? Yes, it's not the default. And in fact, to be fair, you could click no here and they could go to your server and you'd be fine. You wouldn't have to worry about the AWS setup. We recommend you don't do that in Reclaim Cloud.  So there's your warning. So do you want to store uploaded files on the cloud? Yes, I do. Are you gonna use, ooh, DigitalOceanSpaces was just added. This was not an option yesterday. So that means they now work with DigitalOceanSpaces, which is cool to see, not with Amazon's, not with CloudFlare's R2 yet, but I would probably recommend using DigitalOceanSpaces given they're easier than S3, a lot easier. But anyway, I set up S3, so let's do it. But this is super good to know. Okay, what is my bucket name? My bucket name is DS106Social, right? That is my region, US-East-1. That's why I picked it because I knew it was the default. Whatever your region is though, you're gonna need to put that in there. And then my Amazon host name is actually just S3.AmazonAWS.com. So S3.AmazonAWS.com. And know it says it should be something else? Don't, put in this. At least that's what I've had luck with. Access key, that's the stuff we got earlier on. So I'm gonna grab that. Our access key is here. And then I'm gonna do my secret key as well. So let's get the secret key, there we go. And then we're gonna paste that. Do you want to access the upload files from your own domain? This would be if you mapped a domain, something like files.DS106.Social, you can do this. I didn't set this up as an alias. You can, it's basically called the domain alias. I'm gonna say no. Do you want to send emails from your local host? No, you don't. You want to send them from Mailgun. That's why we set up Mailgun. So this is default, no. And then we're gonna go with smtp.mailgun.org. If it changes, if you are doing it from EU, you're gonna have to change this. So it won't be the default. 587 default. Username is that postmaster at ds106.Social. Beautiful. And then the password is the password that I reset when I was setting this up. So I'm gonna go grab that. And one of the things I really like about the mastodon setup wizard is that it tests this for you. It's like, okay, let's test it. And then none, enable start TTLS. This is a new settings. And I'm gonna say auto. I don't know, that's new. Notifications at ds106.Social, this is the send from. That's gonna come up and that's fine because this is just notifying people. Send a test, yes. I wanna test it and see if my setting worked. Send test to myself, Jim Groom at gmail.com. And then if there are problems, I can trouble shoot them here. Yes, and it worked. Do I wanna save this? Default is yes and yes is the answer. Now that this is saved, the database schema must be loaded. So prepare database now, yes default. And then it's gonna do, I think one more thing where yeah, compile assets, yes. We're gonna do that. And this can take some resources. So keep that in mind. We put about four gigs and that should be fine here. Don't worry about this warning, not an issue. And everything is compiling. This is great. And it just might happen that we have Mastathon 4 set up. So we will see. Do you wanna create an admin user straight away? Yes, I'm gonna create one.  And then I'm gonna copy the password because they do give you a password here. Copy it, otherwise it's gonna be a pain to reset it. And then the email, I'm gonna put Jim Groom at gmail.com. And so this is basically creating a user for you. And then this is the password. I'm gonna copy that. We're done with this part of the setup. So this is installing the application and that's working. But now, or we think it's working. We still have something else to do though before we can go and look at the site. And you'll see here that we need to, we now wanna exit this, right? And that's gonna ask us to do a couple other things. We're gonna now set up Nginx. And this is where things, again, are gonna deviate a little bit from this guide because there are some tweaks we have to do to get it to work on Reclaim Cloud. Not to mention we have a firewall built in that we're gonna want to add a couple of settings to. So we're gonna follow their advice here because this is something we're gonna need. We'll be going over to our server and look at the interface. We're gonna copy over the Nginx.com file to sites available mastodon. So that's all we've done. And then the second command is just creating a sim link to something called sites enabled. So we have sites available and sites enabled. And they're basically copying over the same file. They're linking these two directories. So whatever you do the sites available also happens to enable. That's all that's happening. Okay. And then we gotta go in and edit them and replace all the example.com sites with whatever your domain is. In my case, DS106.Social. Whatever your case, it will be your domain. And then we're gonna get a SL cert. Before we do that, we have to do a couple of things. I am going to hide the terminal for the moment, okay. And then I am going to go back here to our server on social DS106. And in Reclaim Cloud, there's a little config space here. And this is actually kind of like the file manager on C-Panel. And you can actually find various directories that you need to edit various files. For example, mastodon is located on your server in home and then mastodon and then live. And you can actually add this folder as a favorite and it will show up here. And that means you can access it pretty cleanly. The other area I recommend you favorite is ETC and then Nginx. Because Nginx will be where we edit some of the settings. And I think I passed it, I did. So I'm gonna wanna add this as a favorite. And then I can go into Nginx cleanly and sites available, sites enabled. I wanna go into the sites available and I wanna edit this mastodon file. So I'm gonna go here, open. And these are the things I'm gonna wanna do. I'm gonna wanna make sure, like they said, anything that's example.com is now DS106.social. DS106 and then I'm gonna copy and paste that which will make my life a little bit easier. There's another one, there's for all told. So, and then there's the folders within the SSL certs that are gonna be created that have to have the right domain. Those are the changes we need to make for the domain. There's one more change we need to make. It's we need to comment out these two listen lines for listen 443 and we need to go in here and go to these two and copy the other two beneath them and you'll see why I'm doing that in a second because for some reason on Reclaim Cloud this SSL HTTP commands stop it from running Nginx and we're gonna have to run Nginx. So by editing these two lines and replacing them with these we're able to start Nginx and do everything we need to do but then we'll come back and uncomment and get rid of these two lines we added. So stay tuned for that. But I can now edit this. The other things I do and I've had luck with and your mileage may vary but I think this will, I know it will work at least in the instance of Reclaim Cloud is this default one, you can delete this. Insights available. So delete that and go to Mastodon and rename this file default. So I'm just gonna call here, go from Mastodon and call this default like that. And then the other thing I'm gonna do, the final bit, is I'm gonna go into the Nginx config file. So that's here, where is it? There it is. I'm gonna go to this main Nginx config file. I'm gonna open it and I am going to edit this. Right now it looks for all files insights available. I'm gonna focus it to make sure it only looks for default. So that's on line 60 of the Nginx.com file. I'm gonna rename this from the wildcard or asterisk to default. So it specifically looks for that one. Okay, having done that, I'm gonna bring my terminal back up and I am going to start Nginx on this server. So it's just like what we did when we started Postgre SQL as well as Redis. We're gonna go start and then Nginx. And we're gonna do this and it worked. How do I know there was not an error message? That's a really good sign. One thing I'm gonna recommend you do in Reclaim Cloud is I'm gonna recommend you look for the firewall of your server. So in this settings area, click here, you'll see on the left, there's an area called firewall. For the purposes of this, we can do a couple of things and I'm gonna recommend you add a couple of rules to your firewall. One of them is HTTPS, right? And we're gonna do that over TCP and UDP and we're gonna add that. The other one is HTTP. So let's do that. And then we're gonna do this and then we're gonna do this over both TCP and UDP add. And so now we have those rules in there for when we turn the firewall back on because I am gonna turn the firewall off right now. Not recommended to keep it off, keep in mind, but for now I am turning it off as I run this let's encrypt cert bot. Keep in mind, I turned off the firewall and added a couple of ports or opened a couple of ports.   Let's see. So there it is. And then I'm gonna go DS106.social and I'm gonna click here and all things being equal, it's gonna say it worked, it worked. But we will see. Yes, I'm fine with that. Okay, yes. And then yes. Yes, it worked. Yes, I ran into issues with this in the last one, not this one. Now the SSL cert is running. So before we can go to the main site and look at the Macedon that's installed, which might be version four, which is pretty cool. But before we do that, we have to go back and do one more thing. So I'm gonna get rid of the terminal. I'm gonna go back to reclaim cloud. And at this point, I need to go into the config for Nginx again. And I'm gonna go into the sites available. So let me go back here to directories and here's the sites available. This is where we edited that default file or the Macedon file and then renamed it default. I'm gonna go back in there and I'm gonna do a couple of things here. I'm gonna uncomment the lines we created here. So remember that. I'm gonna uncomment these two. And then I'm gonna get rid of these other two that we added. So there's that. So I've kind of replaced it to how it was. Uncommenting the server, these four lines beneath it and then this line beneath it. So this whole server block needs to be uncommented. So you're starting with the one with 443. So I recommend that you uncomment this entire server block or you can copy and delete it. Kind of better to keep it in there and uncomment it. After that, you would save this file and then it's always important after you change anything in Nginx. Go to my last command, which is systemctl restart Nginx. That and there's no error, which is a good sign. Now if I go to ds106.social, it should work. So yes, that's Macedon. So I'm gonna sign in with the admin and that password that we got just to see if it's on four. So that was the one we specified, the Macedon admin password. And I told you to copy that down. And so, oh, so the email, it actually wants the admin email associated with that username, which is jimgurum.gmail.com. There's my password and we're in. It works and are we on? Yes, we're on version 4.0.2. So this is an actual Macedon 4. Now one more thing we're gonna try and then we'll know, we now know that email works. We know that the install worked. Now we have to see if offloading files to S3 worked. That's our final test. And I'll go here and I'll find an image. I have an image on my desktop that I can use and I'm gonna upload it and did it work. It did. Yes, images are offloaded to S3. Everything pretty much worked as expected. This is awesome. If you have questions, reach out. This is now not Amazon. I mean, Macedon 3.5.x, whatever that is, 2.3. It is 4.0.2. Rock not rot.


During his rebuttal on the debate on the special prosecutor legislation on August 9th, Prime Minister Hon. Philip J. Pierre divulged the financial details of a $70 million scheme by the previous United Workers Party administration to fund the overdue opening of the St. Jude Hospital. The client agrees to enter into a payment plan and therefore agree to settle the financial obligations of the company over a period of one year. A payment plan over a period of one year from the dates, the works, are completed, Mr. Speaker. And listen to it. Architectural works. What's the minute? $22,883,687. Architectural works. Ground floor works. $44,143,951.21. Subtotal works. $56,007,739. That's $7.1 million. $2,204. Total, $64,099,843. Finance costs. Interest, Mr. Speaker. And remember, it's a bank or a short-term finance agreement. The interest cost is $6,653,811. The ground total, $70,738,664 for the ground floor of the hospital. Hon. Pierre revealed the former Prime Minister committed to repay the $70 million expense within 12 months. The arrangement was drawn up days before the July 26 general elections and only needed a signature to proceed. The payment will be carried over the period of one year in the following manner. Within three months of signing this agreement, the client will pay EC $26 million in Eastern Caribbean currency, the source being loaned from the Republic of China in Taiwan, identified as loan agreement 602184007. Now, let me tell you something. Let me tell you something, Mr. Speaker. You see that same loan agreement? It was a map to do some years. The second quarter payment will be carried out by the client, paying to the company EC $10 million, $7.5 million, the source being the government of Senutia. So, for some way, you're going to get $10 million in serious cash flow problems when you're running a deficit in your current account of over 7%, you'll find $10 million to pay the phone. Yes. The third payment will be carried out by the client, paying the company EC $18 million, $710,000, the source being the government of Senutia. The fourth quarter payment will be carried out by the client, paying to the company EC $14,478,994, the source being from the government of Senutia. In the case of late payment of any invoice submitted by the company, the client will pay interest of 1% per day. Because the client knows you're going to be late. 1% per day to the company on the amount overdue. 1% per day. Now, Robert Lewis, who was the mathematician, knows 1% of $69,000 a day. That's the interest you're going to pay. The prime minister has credited the decision by a senior public official for taking the controversial arrangement to the Attorney General's office for review, where it stalled saving the government and taxpayers from another costly debt burden. Last September, the prime minister appointed a five-member committee led by renowned architect Mark Heinekat to advise the cabinet on the feasibility and requirements for an immediate move and transfer of operations from the George Audlem Stadium to the original St. Jude Hospital site previously abandoned by the former administration. From the office of the prime minister, Briehani Isidou.


Thanksgiving's now on Netflix just in time for the holidays. I don't know why it's here now, but I'm not complaining. It's an awesome R rated slasher flick by Eli Roth. Not as much gore as you would find in something like Hostel, but it's still pretty intense to the point where you might look away one or two times. I really dug this flick. It goes in and out pretty quickly, easy, rewatch. I'm sure it'll become a franchise and I'm here for it.


Alright, it's time. Digikey and Adafruit present. This week's IonMPI is from Idealtek. Lady Aida, what is the NPI? New product introduction from Idealtek. Parted by Digikey this week. Okay, so you heard me talk about Idealtek. We've done tools by them before. They, I think the wire strippers we did a couple months ago. And I saw this pop up and I really like those wire strippers. So they released an update to their PCB like rework stations. So this is what it looks like. And I've got one here and I'll demo it live as well. So these are PCB rework holders. And they've got a lot of little details, right? So, like, chances are you probably have a PCB vice or something and they're low cost and they're small. But if you're actually going into like doing production work, you have to do a lot of soldering. There's a lot of little details here that can save you a lot of time. So start off, these holders are available in three sizes, which I will colloquially call kind of large, big and huge. So I got the smallest one and it is still quite large. They have multiple railings. They're not designed for a single PCB you're supposed to or expected to. I think put, you know, a panel of PCBs or you put in 10 to 20 a time because you're soldering or reworking a bunch of the same board all at once. And so that's why they're so large. But the largest also gives them a certain strength, like they're easier to work with because they're kind of heavy and that heaviness makes them stable. So just be aware that there's three in the series is the PCSA holder series. So what's interesting about this is that there's a lot of like hinges and I'll demo this live, it's kind of even the data sheet, even though it's good, it's hard to really see what's going on. But there's basically these removable parts and these hinges so you can move the work into a couple of different positions. It can be like upright, completely 80 degree angle, like 70 degree angle. And then like a 30 degree angle and each angle has its own and like completely flat and each angle has its own like like rework speciality. So if you're like inserting connectors, you might want to move it into one orientation and sort all the connectors and flip it into another one. It's really well made. I really like the quality. It's got steel that's painted. It's got some aluminum. It's got some precision fit plastic. The one of the things I really like about it is like there's a certain kind of detail to the precision of the parts that you can tell like when you're moving the railings, you know, they have these really nice thumb screws that just are very easy to loosen and very easy to tighten. Same with like the hand screws, like nothing is hard to use.  And also when you're adjusting the railings, they don't get so loose that they are hard to position. Like they you can lose them just enough that you put them where you want.  So let's go to the overhead because I want to show off the the thing because it's it's big enough and it's kind of complicated now. So first off, so this should turn this around. This is how you normally mount it. Get myself a little bit more space here. So these are the railings and you loosen them with these thumb screws and then these railings move up and down. And so, you know, you can get extra railings if you want to include more hardware. But like, let's say I have this, you know, panel of PCBs in here is a groove so you can slot this into the groove here and into the groove there. And then, you know, this has a little bit of play, but then you put you tighten the screws to to fix it in place. And then, like, you know, this is now not moving. Just really good. There's also this like hinge system. So, you know, you're not going to be able to see it as well. But basically, I can position this in a couple of different ways for easy rework. And then the thing that is really cool. So I'll show you what I really like about this. This is, I think, my favorite part.  And then you're like, what is this like Swiss? What's going on with the Swiss thing? So this is the foam overlay holder. And this is what holds two whole parts together. And what's neat is that there's like this button here. And when you press this button, this just snaps right open. So you don't have to even unscrew it. It's this foam piece comes out. This is anti-static foam. You can get replacement foam. And this is like, it's hard to explain, but it's firm but soft. Right?  It's got a little bit of softness at the top. But then it's got this firm foam in between to give it, you know, strength. So what you want to do is, hold on.  So I'm just going to, you know, mimic it. I'm going to do one piece. But let's say I have to, you know, I'm making these cyber decks. Each one of them has a header piece and the header has to be soldered in, you know, here. I would fill in all parts of the panel. Of course, I put six in. And then here's a common thing you've, you know, if you've soldered through whole parts, how do you turn it over to solder without the parts falling over?  The tape comes loose. The thing comes to skew. And I got to rework it. So that's where the foam comes in. So the cool thing about the foam is once you place all of your through-hole components and then, you know, of course, this could have USB and ethernet and whatever headers you want. And then this foam piece slots in. So this little hooks into this part hooks into place. And then that button, you remember, I push that button, I push it again. And now the foam is down and then I can just lift this, rotate it around and then re-slot it in place. You close up of this. And now I can work on the board and the foam is holding the through-hole pieces in place. And because the foam is just soft enough, it's not shaking around. I'm going to just show. So because we did it, it made sense to show it on the top. You can see things, but here's a side view of. Oh, yeah. So I'll show if you can hold it carefully. Yeah, I'll show this rotates around. Do you want me to hold on to that or do you want me to? No, like this. Thank you, kind assistant. And then this hooks into place and then I push this button to release the foam holder. Yeah. And then this hooks out. And then you see that the through-hole piece, it's perfectly it's kept perfectly pressured in place.  This way you get like perfect, even pressure across all of your through-hole components. So this is excellent, excellent, excellent. If you're doing a lot of through-hole soldering because you can you place all the parts, you snap the foam over, you flip it over. Right. And it's like it's very fast. There's no there's no work that you have to do with it. And then you can solder in all of your through-hole parts all at the same time, very, very easily. So this is what it's really good for. It's also good for rework. But like the foam thing makes it like like, perfect chef kiss for through-hole components. Yeah. And it's available on Digi-Key site. That's right. So they have three different sizes, like I said. So the three sizes, they're basically the same price. There's only like maybe 20 bucks difference between them. So, you know, get the one that's the right size for your boards and your panels, not necessarily. You don't have to worry about like, oh, I'm going to need a smaller one. It's cheaper. They're basically the same price. So just get the one that's the right size for you. So, you know, I got the small one and you can you can see how how big it is. It is quite large.  I'd say it's about the size of the classic Dell laptops from the late 90s. It's totally got that. Yeah, it's the pizza box laptop size. It is actually, by the way, personal pan pizza. It's like a personal pizza size. Yeah, that's what it is. So there you go. It's not too big, not too small. And I really like all the thumb screws, by the way, like good thumb screws, like they add a little bit more to the cost. But boy, is it worth it. So this is really, really nice. I'm going to hand this over to the. Yeah, do you think it'll maintain pressure on parts if they're if they're different heights? Yes, that's why the foam is so good. The foam is just soft enough that it conforms over. So I'm not worried about it. Different heights. Yeah, I think it'll be fine. I mean, look, if it's if it's a short piece right next to a big piece, maybe not, but like for something, say, like a Raspberry Pi, or you've got ethernet and USB, and then you've got a header, I think it would be OK. Yeah, OK. And short URLs there and also the product ID that you can look it up on Digi-Key site 214 PCA SA1 N and D in the short URL is Digi-Key.com for such short for such B5 NTP to JD. And this video is their tutorial video from the website.  So I'm not going to play the whole thing, but they have some pretty good videos and resources on how to assemble it and how to use it. Yeah, and all the stuff that I just showed, if you want to see it, but done in a large table by someone with really nice manicure, check out this video. It's on the ideal tech page. It's also on the Digi-Key page. So if you go to the Digi-Key site, you can see the yeah, this video and watch it in all its glory. All right. And with that is an MPI.


Yeah. Eduardo, it's, so Juliet was tying early childhood development to education and even, you know, early education to middle years and beyond. What is, in your view, Latin America and specifically but even beyond, what's the state of early childhood development and education right now? What do you see that's working and important for us to embrace and even tying it to where it takes us in terms of workforce development and so forth. It'll come. It'll come. Try again. Hello. There you go. Okay, good. One thing, Brian, that the state in Brazil and Latin America, what do we realize? We did a survey in Brazil but I'm pretty sure this is in Latin America, Africa and many of your countries, people in general, they don't have the knowledge that was just mentioned about the importance of early childhood development. People know intuitively that they have to take care of children but they don't know the impact if they don't, they don't have an attachment, they don't read with and for the children. This is a huge impact that has, that we don't take care of these children, especially the vulnerable ones. We're talking about migration in the last panel. We're talking now about many children, many young people not working and not in school. And this brings to the science show that if the base is not a concrete base, this children is going to leave school. They're not going to have good jobs. And this is pretty much happening in Brazil, Latin America in general, Africa and many of the countries around the world. We have been able to do some good work in Latin America at the foundation that I was working, also United Way in Brazil that I also help as a volunteer board member, trying to build the sensitize, build the capacity and mobilize public, private and social leaders in a way that Congress in Brazil, for example, passed a law in 2016 and the present signed a law for early childhood development. And we are not talking about just early education between brackets early education, just early education. We are talking also about the development that happens in the family, in the community, that this is really important because normally when we think about children and when people ask me, what do you do for a job? I said, I work with early childhood development. Oh, we work with early education, childcare. I said, no, it's much more than this. Is it the system, educational system, but also trying to help and build policies for families in their homes, in their community, like a home visiting program, a center-based program that is intersectoral because health, education and social development, they must work together to help the families, especially the vulnerable families. How do you convince a business leader or a national politician that holding a baby on your lap and reading to the baby and affectionately touching this young child matters to that politician or that CEO? Why should they care? Yeah, in a forum like this, we can mention the study of Hackman. There's a Nobel Prize in economics from the University of Chicago. He has been studying early childhood development and he's showing that if you invest until three, four years old in a good quality early childhood program, it's going to be less use of drugs, less school dropouts, salaries at 40 years old, 36% higher. You talk with numbers. It's funny when we start this panel, a lot of people left because we're going to talk about people now, not numbers. We can talk about numbers also. The results that are not investing, the country and the society is going to pay with migration, with dropouts, use of drugs and many other things. So, Chinaranda, I'm going to come to you in a second, but to this point, so we all in our countries spend a lot of money to build sports stadiums, right? Depending on whatever our sport of choice is, we spend literally billions and billions of dollars to build these things. I was in a ballroom once in Minneapolis in the U.S. with a thousand business leaders and they were about to spend one billion U.S. dollars to build a new football stadium, American football stadium and a new baseball stadium. And the speaker that was with us was the chief economist at the Federal Reserve and he got up and he said to this group of 1,000 business leaders, if you instead would take that one billion dollars and put it in a foundation that would ensure quality early childhood development for every new child born in the state of Minnesota, your economic return will be much, much greater than those stadiums you're going to build. I asked the question because they built the stadiums and they didn't set up the endowment, but your argument around financial return as well as human return is compelling.


here and she is having way too much fun with the Doyle dog. He's so little. That's what everybody says. He's a little guy. He's really only like 16 to 17 pounds. He's not that big. They're having way too much fun together. Who is that? Wanted to make some gummy bear vodka. I just had the bright idea to not do all of the gummy bears but do certain flavors. So we're doing the red ones. Which I think are cherry. These are definitely pineapple. So the pineapple ones are like the kind of clear-ish ones. And the green ones are mine. Yeah, so she's living her best life. Eating all the green gummy bears. Nobody gets green except me. Yeah, so let's make this stuff. So let's... I've never done this before. Like, yeah, good. Okay. I've never done this before either. Oh no. Did you spill it? Yeah. No, it's okay. Is that good? Yeah, you're fine. Okay. You gotta let them sit like, you know. All right. And then tomorrow we drink gummy bear vodka. All right, so this is like a process. Yeah, cause the gummy bears need to infuse. Ooh. There's some infusion happening. All right. So apparently we're gonna report back tomorrow and let you know how this goes. We'll liquefy. Are they expand? It's also science experiment on my channel. Something you guys thought you would never see. We're scientists now. Yeah. Okay. We'll check back on that at some point. But this vlog is gonna be super random. So buckle up. Hi. I bought these dollar treat ponchos cause I kind of like saved the day. A little for your lower half. Yeah. It's a situation down there. Quite wet. Yes. All about that. But we just had cookies and we are on the way. Cookies for breakfast. I know. It's like what, 10-ish? Something like that? She's got a beer. I know. There's beer here. I know. Like ice cold beer right ahead. Do you see the sign? Yeah. Like there's a sign. It says beer. We'll get a beer too for breakfast. Hey.  I've never air. Oh. So we got this. This is my main reason for ever coming to the fair.  Which is over there somewhere. And deep fried alligator. Yeah. There's alligator. Which we're not partaking. Right over there too. So in front of the grandstand. Doesn't taste like chicken. Doesn't everything taste like chicken? All right we're gonna keep going with our food festivities. And we'll keep checking in. Smells good. Never had cheese on a stick. Do you wanna do a taste test? Live? It's not really live. I guess I'll be editing it later. You better keep the mic. That's pretty amazing. It's everything you ever wanted and more. Yup. I'm working it. They're coming to think it was. Well I didn't. It was a taco in a bag. Thank you. Thank you much. It's so beautiful. I know. That's the Hamburg. We got it. Hamburg on the bottom of us. Hamburg. Tacos in a bag. So we're gonna eat these now. She's gonna take a picture. We are made it to the, she's excited. A lot of them are not open because of the rain. Still raining. I'm gonna go. What? All right so candy to go. It's like what you have to do. Oh and I got a sweatshirt too that I'll try to remember to show you. And it's not great. It's kind of amazing. I got a great one. Oh yeah. She got a great sweatshirt. Anthos. They have died. Thank gosh. Because yikes. It was a touch and go there for a little while with those ponchos. But we're leaving and I will check in later. Hi. We're back. With our science experiment. Yes. So the bears have been sitting in the vodka that you guys saw last night. So about 24 hours. And things have happened on Kristen and Emily's science show. Things have. Definitely happened. I'm looking for a word I want to say gelified. They have gelified. So let's give you guys a closer look. That's kind of hard to see on camera. Yeah. It just looks like mush.  So we put in a little vodka as you guys remember. And the bears have expanded and taken on the vodka. So they're quite a lot. Well they're not a lot larger. I didn't know gummy bears were porous like this. Yeah. And they soak up. All the booze. I mean the bears want to have a party too. So they clearly have been drinking. These are drunk bears. These are very drunk bears. But we also didn't put in a ton of alcohol in there. I mean we didn't. It smells like we put in a ton. Yes it does it does. And it's it looks great. So we're gonna eat them? Yeah, why not? Let's try them. Not two bears. We think red is cherry. I think and that's pineapple. Yes. Okay, ready? Yeah. Oh they're kind of hard and mushy. And the inside is very hard. It's bad. Don't do this. Man, I need like a chaser. Oh God it just hit me. It's like don't do this. Don't do it. So I know what we're gonna do with this. But don't do this. Worst thing you can do to a gummy bear is soak in vodka. I'm sure there's a way to do it where you like actually taste, well not taste, but it's like the same after effect where the outside is gummy and good. Like gelatinous. Yes. Like liquefied. But the inside is. It's hard like kind of firm.  Yeah, you know like the icky part of Jell-O where it's like the outside or like the top where it's like kind of hard. Oh that one too. Yeah these are way better but they're still bad. Like the worst.  That is terrible. Yeah the red ones are not horrible. Oh my gosh. We're gonna go gummy bears people. Okay, well we're gonna go, but we need to tell you what happened to the bears. If you're gonna go to a vodka gummy bears just do red ones. Yeah. Or not at all. Just drink the vodka. Mm-hmm. They're still really bad. Yeah they're not great. I don't know why I have no one. It's not great. I'm gonna be done with that. Okay. God science. All right we'll see you later. It's her first time at Chick-fil-A ever. And she's very excited.  But we have decided Chick-fil-A is where it's at. We'll do Taco Bell later. Yeah we're gonna do Taco Bell later. Let's be in real. So she's very excited and I got my grilled chicken nuggets which I love. And she got like the original, original. And then Chick-fil-A sauce because it's amazing. So we're gonna eat this now. Step stool. Kristin's gonna teach me how to reprogram this thing. Because she knows all the things. And I clearly don't know any of the things. I grew up with a mama who we called Balvila. But we called her Ghetto Balvila because she basically Jerry raked things. Oh well there we go. She taught me how to fix things. We're gonna fix things. So anyway I learned that when you change the battery. Sometimes. Sometimes. You need to reprogram your thingy. So. She might be murdering me. We're going into a dark room. Yes we're going into a dark room. I don't know where the light switch is. Right here. Oh the way that you're not coming with. Nah. There's a little button up here that says program. You hold it. You hold your button. Then what? What happens? You wait. Okay. I'm waiting. Oh what's that? A chin. But that's what it always does. I know. Cut. So it didn't work. But. I think we found the culprit. I think I just need a new clicker. Because you know. Hello Amazon. Gonna like, well there's Menards here. So. I don't know. Cause we're in Minnesota. We're in Minnesota don't you know. So anyway I'm gonna run to Menards at some point and get some more clickers. Just one clicker. You only need one. Well I'd like to have more. 17. We're gonna get 17. Can you imagine? Oh. I got a shredder today from Amazon. Oh. Look on this shredder. I know. I would expect for an Emily purchase. Okay so here's the deal. All the shredders that were white were like over $100. This is the cheapest one I could find. And it's a swing line. It's in my Amazon shop. The link is below. But um. Yeah. It's as good as I could get guys. It's a good. You know I'm a ball around a budget y'all. We gotta do it. So. Oh. And we're making cupcakes today for a drunk bake with me. But that's gonna be in a different video. But we're gonna make some red velvet cupcakes. I think my mom's gonna come over at some point. Are we also doing it? Are we excited to question answer that video? We are gonna do that in that video. So there's gonna be a Q and A. I think this video's gonna go up before that video is my plan. But plans change sometimes. Oh I wanna show you guys something I got today. It's so freaking cute right? Like a little thing imaging. I don't know. I don't like it. Home goods. It's amazing. Um. Let's see. What else did we get? Well I got a lot of other things. Yeah. Ooh. Kristen found this. And like clearly needed to purchase. Ta da. It's super cute. And we're gonna put it right there. So I think we're gonna do that right now. Because I've got Miss Bob Vila available. I need light to hang this mirror. So I might have to work on that first. Well maybe we need to go to Menards and get lights and get clickers. Menards. Okay we're gonna go. We'll be back. Okay so we went to Menards. Hi. And Bob Vila's up there. Just lighting away, doing things. Removing. Yes. She's in the removal stages of things. She taught me all about LEDs apparently. They're like the best things ever. They're good lights. Didn't know that. So we got an LED fixture. And I get to show you guys in the sooners. This is now gone. Yes. We took it down. Yes. We didn't do anything.  I handed it to you. You helped. Yeah I did help. You can say you changed your light fixture. She's teaching me. She's teaching me. So look at that. So as I told you a light fixture is two wires and a ground wire. And that's it. I did not know these things. It's super easy. I like dated an electrician for like a really long time. I feel like I should have known these things. So. He never taught me anything apparently. Okay. She did it. It works. Look. Well it's hard to see. Hold on. We're going to turn it off for a second so you guys can see the loveliness. You can open the door. There you go. Boop. That's what I got. I got it from Menards. If I can find something similar I'll link it below. But yeah. She knows how to do the things if you would like to hire her. Don't. Don't hire her. She runs on Taco Bell. I do. And Coca-Cola. Yeah. That's about it. But that took what? Like 15 minutes? Like it wasn't. Yeah. Like I said your house is built newer so your electrical boxes are already mounted into the ceiling. Yeah. I was saying in our old house that was built in the 50s sometimes it's just wires that come out of the ceiling. So you actually have to mount into the ceiling somehow. Yeah.  So newer house is a little easier to do. I'm so excited. It looks so good. I don't think I've had it ever. I said I don't think we've had ever this much light in the front entryway ever. And we went with the small one. Yeah I think the small one was, there was one that was, this is a 12 inch diameter and then the other one was 20 inches. Yeah. So I think the small one is. I clearly have this face for it on the ceiling but I think that this works. But the small one is. It looks like this. That's what, that's what was had by all. Here's the deal. I love my light by the way. It's freaking awesome. Kristen is in the garage doing garage things. And I've swept out the garage because unfortunately we changed the light bulb and when she turned it, it like popped. So she got a little nick on her foot. So we had some blood in the house but we're doing good. Okay. And then now she's trying to look up on the internet how to program this specific garage door opener properly because apparently there's like nine steps and not like two steps like normal. So let's creep on her and see what's going on. I gave the vlog a rundown of what's been happening out here. I'm watching YouTube. Hit that one time. I'm calling for YouTube. Yes. And we did a drunk bake with me which will be up after this is up. But frosting was developed. Frosting was amazing. Tripod. Powdered sugar. Yeah. We both are like super dirty. That's okay. That's all right. We made these. Beautiful. It is very messy at the moment but it was really good. We both had a, we all had a cupcake myself. Miss Kristin and the favorite mama. And Doyle. And Doyle had a little bit of stuff.  That's what we have done today. And I think I'm going to close it out for today at least, but this is going to be one long run on a vlog. I'm going to the. Run to the twins game tomorrow. Oh yeah. It's going to be a great sign. Here's the sign so far and we'll show you more tomorrow. So I'll see you then. We're at a baseball game and I'm wearing my sports shirt because I don't know anything about sports. Okay, sports. Someone made a sign or told me what to make in a sign. And favorite mama's here too. So we're having fun. We are now entering Target downtown. Never been here before. This is a request from Miss Kristin. So we're going to go here. We're going to check it all out. So we are back home from our Target adventures and Doyle is down there doing things. But Kristin has requested that I bring her some stuff. Not the ointment. She doesn't need the ointment. So she doesn't need ointment right now. Maybe later. Apparently she's a plumber too. So we went to Minards.   That one that just came with the house. With another one that's like a moan. It's a moan. Something or other. I don't know. It is a moan ignite in brushed nickel. Cool. We're going to go with it. We're going with it guys. Anyway, that's what's going on here. What? Hey Doyle. What are you doing? Okay. So we got pizza and we are going to have pizza for Dinden. It's her last night here and she's reviewing the vlog footage at the moment that I have not. She's cracking up because she's like, I don't remember doing that. So anyway, we got our signature pepperoni and mushroom from the pizza pub. Which is delicious. And here's my shirt by the way. Hooray sports. Do the thing. Win the points. I've gotten a couple questions about my shirt today. It's good. Why is the pizza cut funny? Cause that's how they cut it. Oh. Apparently. I don't know. That's a very thin crust cut funny pizza. Yeah. Oh look. Look at who that's for, right? Look at my slice. Oh Doyle. Oh Doyle. What? He's gonna make sure, he had to make sure it wasn't poisonous, you know. So anyway, we are going to eat our pizza and hang out and had a great time at, great time, great time at the game. Went to Tarjay. Two Tarjays. I think I only vlogged one Tarjay. Yeah. I have a new shower head now. Thanks to Bob Vila over here. So yeah. But that might be the night. I don't know. This is all gonna go into one big video I think. But I'll see you guys tomorrow. If I don't see you later on today. Aw. Look at these two cuties. He did not like me saying goodbye. No. He doesn't like to be held. But that's all right. He's tolerating it. It's better for him. Right, buddy? Aw. Little sheeby's nugs. He's a good boy. I'm gonna miss him. And she has to get a nice coating of Doyle for on her body before she travels. Well, he sounds acutely mad if I don't come home so often. Right? Okay. So we are off to Mall of America because Mall of America is basically right next to the airport. So we're gonna go there, have some lunch, walk around, and even get more sore than we already are because we have done all the walking. So much walking. So much walking. Like, ah. So yeah, but anyway, I will probably take you around Mall of America a little bit and show you what we're doing. So we are lunching at Crave and I got a mountain, like a literal mountain of nachos with everything on the side because no time was coming, exactly. And then you got a wrap. There's a chicken and brie sandwich. All right. On some sort of black bread. Cool. Well, we're gonna eat this now.  Low and does not cold side down. But I'm still scared a little, so I don't know, I'll show you guys what if I can. Help me. All right, so Chrissy Poo is leaving me. I got an emotional goodbye with Doyle this morning. Yes, more emotional on this end than Doyle said. He's a sheba. He's indifferent. He doesn't care. He doesn't care about life. Anyway, toast this ever. Host this ever. I had like four and a half pounds of gummy bears left over. Yep. And we had a lot of Lucky Charms, so it all worked out. But all right, see you later vlog. All right, so I am still in the car from dropping Kristen off. So I'm just gonna like close out the vlog really quick here. So anyway, it was really fun having Kristen in town. I hope she enjoyed Minnesota. It was, she said it was like so relaxing. So I hope that's a good thing, but also she didn't have to like keep her child alive. So anyways, here I'm gonna talk a little bit more this way. Hey, but I'm gonna go home now. I start work tomorrow, which you guys already know because tomorrow I'm posting a video talking all about going to work. So yeah, but I'm gonna get this video uploaded a little later in the week and have this uploaded for you guys so you guys can see all the fun things that we got to do. I decided in this vlog and I didn't really say it in the beginning of the vlog, but I made a decision to just really enjoy my time with my friend and my mom was in some of the vlog as well, but just really wanted to like enjoy my time with my friend and just kind of have the experience together versus always whipping out my camera.  So when it was like fun to take out the vlog, I did, but clearly we did other things too, but it was just kind of fun to show Kristen around and so much fun to have her. So next time I'll probably have to go to Boston. So yeah, but thank you guys so much for watching. I really appreciate it. If you liked the video and vlogging, make sure to give it a thumbs up and maybe I'll do some more vlogs in the future. You never know. And I will catch you guys in the next one. Bye guys. Well folks, it's time to kick it old school. So you can feel cool. Yeah, baby.


We need to find more ways to fund Auckland's growth. Currently we spend just under $30 million a year on tourism promotion and major events. This is funded by our general rates that all rate payers contribute to, that not all rate payers benefit from. This budget proposes a targeted rate on the accommodation centre which would fund that tourism promotion, therefore releasing more of the general rates to be invested in major infrastructure which is so desperately needed and would benefit both visitors and all of Auckland. If successful, we would set up a group to determine how that targeted rate was spent on tourism promotion. Do you think this is a good idea? How you'll say on shapealkland.co.nz


I'll give you a sneak peek of what's inside my new book out today unlocking the keto code. Order your copy now, wherever books are sold. We've been told for years that low-carb diets, like keto, are the key to losing weight. And yet, study after study shows these diets don't actually improve weight loss. In fact, many people end up gaining back more weight than they lost. Why does this happen? This is the subject of my new book, Unlocking the Keto Code. And the reason why is shocking. It turns out weight loss doesn't actually start with the foods most diets tell us to cut. It starts at a much more microscopic level in a part of your body called the mitochondria. And inside these mitochondria we'll find not just the key to losing weight, but having more energy, a healthier body, and even a longer life. The mitochondria are the power plants of your cells. They're in charge of producing all the energy your body needs to survive. Your mitochondria do all this by taking the food you eat, processing it, and turning it into energy. And if there's too much food, your cells can store the extra energy to use later. That energy gets stored as fat. This was very helpful for our ancestors because during an ice age, food was scarce. So when there were extra calories available, it made sense to put them in storage as fat. Of course in the modern world, you and I have access to food all day, every day. So the excess calories just keep getting stored as fat. This leads not just to weight gain, but also digestive problems, fatigue, and even most of the serious diseases. But here's an interesting idea.  That could mean less weight gain, more energy, and an overall healthier body.  In this book we'll explore a method known as mitochondrial uncoupling, which is the science of stopping your mitochondria from processing all those excess calories. And while it sounds complicated, the ways to do it are actually pretty simple. These methods include changing the times of day that you eat. Because it turns out you can actually eat more food and still lose weight. If you eat at specific times of the day, there are also certain types of exercise that activate mitochondrial uncoupling and won't go over those step by step as well. But most important of all, there's a third way to activate this process in your body. Eating specific, powerful foods. Yes, there are certain foods and spices which signal to your mitochondria to stop converting calories into fat. And the incredible thing about all of this is that while this discovery is brand new and involves science at the microscopic level, the solution is actually easy. It involves all natural methods that humans have been using for thousands of years. Modern science has given us the tools to peer into our bodies. But it turns out the answer to unlocking the keto code is not in some lab or textbook. It's in your own kitchen. Out today, unlocking the keto code. Order your copy now, wherever books are sold.


Welcome everybody. My name is Jason, and I'm a librarian for the San Francisco Public Library. Thank you for joining us today. I'm so happy you are here with us to celebrate reading stories, SFPL celebration of Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander Heritage Month with Mel Veracruz. I'm going to start with the land acknowledgement. We are on the unceded ancestral homeland of the Ramatu Sholoni, who are the original inhabitants of the San Francisco Peninsula, and continue to live, work, and play here today. As the indigenous stewards of this land, in accordance with their traditions, the Ramatu Sholoni have never ceded, lost, or forgotten their responsibilities as the caretakers of this place, as well as for all peoples who reside in their traditional territory. We wish to pay our respects by acknowledging the ancestors, elders, and relatives of the Ramatu Sholoni community and by affirming their sovereign rights as first peoples. This event is part of our weaving stories, Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander Heritage Month program series, in which we celebrate the variety and vastness of history, culture, and heritage. A celebration that should take place not only during May, but all year round. Thank you for joining us to continue understanding, respecting, and celebrating the diverse AA and HPI heritages from San Francisco and beyond. Check out the AA and HPI webpage of San Francisco Public Library to see our upcoming events, find great books by AA and HPI authors and illustrators, and more. And we'd like to thank the friends of SFPL for their generous support of this entire program series. We couldn't do this without them. Let me introduce Mal Vera Cruz, our feature artist for weaving stories, Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander Heritage Month. Mal is a local artist who worked in partnership with the library to produce a stunning piece, which I will show you. This centerpiece is, this centerpiece painting features a bouquet of flowers that have symbolic ties to AA and HPI cultures, including chrysanthemums, terriblosomes, hibiscus, plumerias, and others symbolizes rejuvenation, resilience, and vitality. It is created with stencils, acrylic paint, and spray paint on fiberglass, and the art will be exhibited to view in person on the third floor of the main library along with the banner on Grove Street. Mal Vera Cruz is a multimedia artist. He migrated to the U.S. from the Philippines in 1995 and is based in the Bay Area. With the background in graphic design and advertising, he incorporates painting and screen printing techniques along with the use of readily available materials. His work has been shown in solo and group shows throughout the Bay Area, as well as Manila. Mal created two videos showing his art process, and he'd like to share a little bit more about that. Hello, guys. I'm Mal Vera Cruz, and I'm so happy to be here and show you my artworks. So, you know, I dreamed of, you know, something when I was young, I dreamed of something that I can do until I'm in my death bed, and I thought of art. So, that's why I became an artist. So, I've been drawing, like all kids, I've been drawing before, I can write, but the difference is that I never stopped. So, until now, so so, we can move on to the stencils. I love printing ever since when I was in high school. I don't have a financial, you know, I'm not financially, I don't have money basically. So, so, I love graphics, and I love the contrast of images. So, I cannot tell you why. It's just instinct for me. So, the stencils are, you don't need high-tech materials.  You can do whatever you want. So, and it's also coincidence that my first job after college was a stencil cutter on a glass etching company. So, yeah, here's how I do my stencils. Please sit back, relax, and enjoy the video presentations. And if you have any questions, please add them to the chat and Mel will be here later to answer them. Wow, Mel, that was amazing getting to watch your process in action. I hope everybody enjoyed watching that as much as I did. That was amazing. I'm not very artistic, but I feel like I want to go out and try that now. It looks like we might have some questions. Are you ready to answer some questions from our viewers? Awesome. So, let's start with, are there places that you visit that inspire your art? I'm not much of a traveler, but maybe sometime later in my life.  So, yeah, when I go to the Philippines, I always get inspired. And also, when I go to artist friends, and we hang out, and we always talk about art, like art talk and brainstorming. So, sometimes that's where I get my ideas. And I love looking at nature whenever I can. And sometimes I go to galleries and museums and get inspired. And, you know, just sometimes I just watch TV and YouTube. I watch artists that I like. So, I get inspired by them. So, I also have periods, like I had the Impressionist period, Cubist period. So, those things inspire me. And yeah, Western culture, I was very much inspired by it because they teach European art during my college in the Philippines. But the artists that, you know, opened the doors for me was Santibosi. So, he's the one who encouraged me to dig deeper in my self, of who I am. So, those are the things that inspire me. Thank you. That kind of answered one of the questions of who has helped you realize your journeys. Unless there was other people that helped you realize your journey as an artist. Yeah. Besides my family, I was really stoked when I transferred to a school because I was in high school. I was in a private school. And they don't have an art program. So, when I got transferred to the public school in the Philippines, they have a graphic arts elective. And I chose that right away. And I was so happy because I felt like I was already working. So, even if our room was dilapidated, when it's raining, water are dripping everywhere. But I was so content during the time because I was doing what I love. So, that was high school. And then college, of course, I was dead set on taking up fine arts no matter what. So, during college, I really enjoyed that part of my life and that helped me develop. And after college, I worked in an agency for nine years as an illustrator, graphic designer. So, that helped me a lot. Experience, I won awards and that helped me a lot to be confident. And then, you know, when I migrated here in the United States, my target was to work at agency, but that did not happen because of, you know, my priorities are my family first. And then the culture is so different. I was culture shock. But I don't know, it's accidental also because I applied for a job in a work agency, employment agency, and they sent me to a printing shop where they do CD printing, still screen. And that's like a coincidence. I don't want to say coincidence because it's everything happens for a reason, I believe. So, that's when I started being a printer, like a professionally. So, I learned a lot about self-screen printing. So, and of course, networking. You have to, I have to find my tribe, my friends who are also artists. So, we feed off with each other and we inspire each other. And one thing that really helped me, I think, is being, having a tough mind. I may be weak physically, but I have a very tough mind. I don't get swayed easily. Once I decide it on something, I go for it 100%. So, I think those are the things that helped me realize my passion. Well, we're very happy for that because we got you at San Francisco Library. We got you here. We do have a question in the chat. Let me see. Where can we purchase your art? Or where can we support you as an artist? I don't have a representation. So, you can contact me directly, email or text or Facebook. And I think we might be able to put that in the chat. I'm not sure. But we will find a way to get that information to our viewers. Looking at some more questions, what would you tell someone who is interested in making art? Believe in yourself. Be one-track-minded because once you stop, that's the end of it. So, I never stop. And when you do art, there's always competition. So, don't be bothered by that. So, there will always be someone better. So, my goal was to be different, not perfect. So, it's like a mind over matter. So, you have to like what I said, you have to have a tough mind not to get swayed. So, I don't follow tradition. Copying is okay at first, but you'll get tired of it. So, I search inside and know myself. And anything can be your medium. So, it's not just things that you can buy in an art store. Those are very expensive, by the way. So, I buy mine in a Home Depot and I try not to use the expensive stuff because I want to do it right away. So, practice is very important. And I think the best advice for me is experience. So, you have to live your life because that's where you'll get your inspiration. So, yeah, I think that's it. Very wise words. Let's see, do you listen to music when you create your pieces? You know, I love rock and roll. When I was younger, I used to hate jazz. But, you know, music was always blaring in our art department when I used to work in an ad agency. But when I matured, I changed my taste. I think it's like an acquired taste. I listened to jazz all the time when I worked. And I love bebop. So, it's like a mind stimulant for me. So, it's not made for dancing. It's like makes you think. But also, I think be quiet is very important too. Because when everything's quiet, you're more concentrated. So, yes, but I listen to music when I feel relaxed and I'm not pressured. Yes. I like jazz myself. So, that's pretty great. Do we have any more? Is there anything else you'd like to share about your upcoming work? Yeah. You know, I used to dream showing in New York and France, all those cliches. But that did not happen. So, I changed my target. And now, I was chosen as one of the artists to design a pavement in Mina Natoma Art Corridor Project. And that's way beyond my expectations because it's on a pavement. So, that's one. And you know, the demo I did, the demonstration paintings is going to be shown in the museum in the Philippines. That's the two paintings. So, I made it like I hit two birds in one stone. One for the demo and one for the submission in the museum in the Philippines. So, that's another thing. So, for me, everything happens for a reason. It's relevant. Like, for example, I worked as a, I told you already that I worked, I like to work in an ad agency, but the printing work happened. And now, I'm a real printer. I'm a professional printer. So, and like another example is when I used to be, when I was laid off being a printer, I worked as a dental assistant. And I hated the job because, you know, it's not my forte, but I learned it. And after that, I was hired as a tattoo flash artist. And then my boss said, hey, you should learn how to tattoo. So, I learned it. And dental assisting is relevant to tattooing because the, what do you call this, the cleanliness of the tools. So, I don't have to learn that. So, it's connected.  Because I think everything is relevant. It's just up to you to figure it out. So.  You do tattoos. Like, where can we get one of those? Yeah, I do it in my home only. Because I like my, I work as a graphic designer at Kaltrans, and it has more benefits. So, I don't want to waste that. So, if you're in a shop, you have to pay for your own insurance and everything, retirement. So, I chose to be as a graphic designer. And I can do my tattoo any weekends. So, and one last thing is that I'm so amused that my works are mainly outside galleries. And, you know, it's in the streets. Like the billboard you made outside of the library. And I also have utility boxes spread all over Somapilipinas. So, it's like very, it's very, it's a different kind of satisfaction. Because I don't have galleries. My works are not in museums, but it's outside. So, there's lots of avenues. It's not only going to school, having gallery presentations. So, there's a lot of avenues. Seems like it makes it more accessible to more people. Thank you. Yes. Not having it in galleries. Not everyone knows about galleries or wants to go to them. I forgot to say that. Yes. So, that's awesome. Well, thank you, Mo, for sharing your wonderful skills, your talent with us, and your time. It's much appreciated. Just want to know if there's any words of farewell or anything else you'd like to say to people watching. I just want to say thank you guys for having me and giving me this experience and exposure. So, I really appreciate it. And yeah. We appreciate you too. We're very excited about having your art here to celebrate our month. You're welcome. So, I guess that's all for today, everybody. Check out our calendar from our programs in our Weaving Stories series. We have them both online and in person. Take good care of yourselves. Stay safe, and we hope to see you again soon. Thank you guys. Bye.


The line of research that I'm pursuing at the moment is trying to combine two different trends that have remained separated until recently. One of them is to train the brain directly, so try to enhance things like memory or tension or processing speed, for example. And another one is physical exercise. We know today that one of the best ways to create new neurons, for example, new nerve cells, is actually to exercise. Training physical exercise in a way to create new nerve cells, and then trying to stress the brain or increase the demands by doing some kind of complex cognitive training, some complex brain training, so that we can retain those cells in the system. What we've been working on is to design activities, some kind of hybrid activities that combine both demands. So in a way, some kind of brain training integrated within physical exercise. For example, or dancing. And what we're doing is that we're packing those kind of activities with way more than they usually include. So we incorporate demands on memory, for example, with a sequence of movements that is going to be, that you're going to have to remember and recall subsequently. And so that's the idea here. Our technical activity already exists and we increase the demands on the brain.