Okay, we're back. We're alive. It's think tech remote. That's what's everything we're doing these days is remote. And this morning here on a given Monday, I'm Jay Feidell. I'm going to be talking to John Fink. John, thank you so much for joining us on the show. Jay, happy to be here. Good to be back on. Yeah, absolutely want to see more of your smile and face. This is Community Matters and we're talking about your book, your book and I'm looking at it now I'm going to show it. Think about it. Ideas and inspiration for today's Hawaii by John Fink. There it is. Just came out of copyright. But let's see what I got to get it right. Okay. Nice picture, John. Thank you. It took a lot of takes, but thank you. You know, the thing is, when I first started college, I studied speech. Nothing has done me much good because people identify me as New York all the time.  You have a perfect voice for for audio video media. You know, is that you haven't noticed that do you work on that? Well, I don't know if it's perfect, but it's gotten me where I've gotten so far. So, you know, it's funny, Jay, when I when I grew up, my first nine years was on the East Coast. And when I got to Chicago, I did have a bit of an Eastern accent and a lot of the people there now this is quite a long time ago. They thought I was from England. So there was one gal that I fooled for three years by putting on a pseudo English accent because that's what they thought East Coast was was England. So it's not limited to Chicago, by the way. That's true. Anyway, so you've had you've had a wonderful career in media in Hawaii.  You've been in two or three TV channels and manage them. And probably the one that comes to mind at first is K5. You made it what it is today. But are you retired now or are you or are you partially retired? What's your deal right now? I'm partially retired, as you know. I mean, I've got the book, but obviously I've been doing for about six months now. I've got a weekly column on this inside front cover of midweek, which I enjoy doing. And I was going to be doing some seminars, but obviously we're not doing seminars these days. So that'll be on hold for at least another three to six months. Who knows how long. Do you know something I don't know? No, no, just stay safe, Jay. But I'm still I'm still on about 10 or 11 community boards. I'm very active with the stadium authority and big brothers, big sisters in St. Francis and the Hawaii Bowl. And, oh boy, Hawaii Council on Economic Education and the Aloha Festivals. I've got about 10 or 11 boards. So that's keeping me busy remotely these days, but keeping me busy. But I'm still I'm still looking to do more. I still want to help out in the community and get involved and then maybe one last great gig to try to make a difference and help out. God knows we're going to need it over the next couple of years. So anyway, still I'm still out there. We have to reinvent ourselves. But I want to talk about your book because it's more than a book. It's a sort of worldview or a Hawaii worldview. And it wasn't even your idea was it doing these doing these. We want to call it. Park editor hide park type statements when the mood struck you and you did all together at least the book tells us that you did like 2000 of them in a what a 20 year period and this is a collection of maybe 200 of them. And it's very interesting and I want to talk to you about how that started. It wasn't your idea they came to you right that the people running the media. Yeah, we had an ownership group that required that all of the TV stations not necessarily the general manager but in most cases it was mostly the general manager. But come on twice a week and in the news or at the end of the news give a editorial vignette something that might be either difference making or community concerns or things of interest in the community. And my thought was I had a really sharp program director guy named Dan Schmidt, and we were trying to come up with a name with it and I said look, it's our station. It's it's my viewpoint. I'm going to write every one of these which I did, and I'm proud that I never missed one in 19 years. But he came up with the idea think about it came. These were going to be philosophical soliloquies or mandates or what it's or at least topics that people could think about and I decided, rather than try to artificially take on world subjects of which I had little knowledge or could have little influence, or even people locally could do a little about I tried to as often as possible Jay, try to pick on subjects that were very germane and specific to Hawaii, and very timely and topical. And the concept was think about it but in parentheses it was and now do something about it if you can. That was kind of the philosophy and what's interesting is, they've never been compiled all together because obviously they ran for 75 to 90 seconds twice a week for 19 years on KHL and K5. And they were never meant to be back to back to back to back. So, I guess what I'm saying is the book might be best as a is a bedside table book where you read about four or five of them and then you go to sleep or, or whatever else because they're all they're done in the book chronologically we chose, I want to say it's 187 or 188 of them out of the 1975 that we cut. And they were all meant to be video so they weren't even meant to be just the written words. There's sometimes there are facial expressions that I knew I would do in these or I would show footage in the background. And of course, some translate better to the written word and some don't so that was the premise for I wrote every single one of them so if you like them. Thank you if you don't like them. Thank you. I can't blame anybody. I, I, I, I, I quote people in my editorials, but I felt it was it was my station and I felt that I wasn't going to pretend it was something else or it was somebody else's words. And while I certainly got ideas from other people and from outside sources all the time. One of the things that I found in the book today and I went through it to try to find the ones that I thought would either be the most relevant or stuff that hadn't changed in 20 years that's incredibly frustrating. I found there were certain topics that came up over and over again because as we all know, there are a lot of issues in Hawaii would simply don't get resolved they get discussed they get tabled. They get let's form a committee. Let's get a discussion going and then nothing seems to happen and a lot of those involve officialdom where of course the main goal is just to get reelected. So why do controversial things are things that might upset some of our constituent base. Let's just say we'll discuss it and we'll get to it down the road down the road for some of these has been 20 years or more now. And if you're thinking well what's he talking about. There's a litany you can go with it took 40 years to get air into our classrooms. The stairway to heaven is still not been resolved. The alternative traffic routes to Leeward O'ahu has still not been figured out. The White Team War Memorial Matatorium is still not been figured out. Some of these are 40 or 50 year old problems. And that's all in the book. Well a couple of comments about the book. You know what's interesting about the book is it sort of forces you to keep it as a bed stand read because there's no table of contents. There's no index. The only organization is chronological. So you know you said I think I'll I think I'll read one of John's pieces tonight and you just go through the book or or you pin the tail on on the op-ed piece and you find it that way. And it's it's lush. Maybe there's one that stands out to you or it affects your life but I think what might be interesting to some people is if you read one, then go back up to the top and look at the date on it. It was 2002 and you're going to go wow it's 2020 and nothing has changed on this thing. It's just the wheels the wheels move slowly if they move at all sometimes. Yeah and I noticed that you know that would be a risk in a book which spans 20 years. Some of those pieces had become less relevant over time but not many. And what you see in the book is in bold at the bottom of a number of these pieces is your update comment.  Yeah, I decided to. I think I think I figured out it's about 60% of them. I put a footnote or a smart outlet comment on the bottom. You know, something like and still nothing has changed or I updated a couple of more required it but it really is important in reading the book and each one of them are so short. It doesn't take you more than two minutes to read one. It's putting it into context of what was going on at the time. There's obviously a comment that I made right after 9 11. You have to realize that was 19 years ago and realize the context of what people were going through. You know, some of which were going through right now with uncertainty and everything but that's appropriate for that specific place in time. And there are certain other economic things that came up and some of the specifics I just mentioned. Take a look at the dates on some of the, you know, gosh, 12 years, nothing's changed or 12 years were right back where we were or. Wow, how much things have changed in the past seven years or nine years or whatever. So it really is a book that I think is mostly for local people. And it takes a score or a 20 year to decade period of time. And as a friend of mine said, who read it and he said wow, lots of memories. And I think that's partially what this is is it'll kind of take you along where we've come or where we haven't come over the last 20 years in a number of areas. Well, I wanted I wanted you to read a couple. We have time for that. Why don't you pick one and later on when maybe we'll pick another but just to give us the flavor and and you know the general context here. Okay, this one. This one comes from September of 2015. And this one's probably appropriate for where we are right now in the world but and you can do this today if you want. I was driving over the call it's called blue sky thinking I was driving over the coal out mountain range one glorious morning recently after yet another day loose had literally cleared the air of debris and fog. The sky was a gorgeous blue and the mountains look like someone had just chiseled them with a sculptor's knife, jagged peaks interspersed with brilliant shades of green and brown amid the silvery rock. So I did the appropriate and necessary thing and cranked up some music with my windows closed tight. First my all time favorite local song homeo Kahlu by Olamana. And then I blasted the meeting by Anderson Bruford Wakeman and how the core of the group. Yes, check it out. Actually, anyway, I took the time to be in the moment of real joy and beauty and I acknowledged how lucky I am on a number of fronts. I don't know when the last time was that you actually took the time to be present when you stand in our aqua waters slowly scan the horizon while looking out at the ocean or gaze up at the mountains. I don't know if you often or ever reflect on the good things you have going for you, but we surely have the spectacular outdoor opportunities for all of us to just once in a while say, you know, it's going to be all right. Attitude can make a big difference in how you deal with things. So maybe just maybe look up and around to find your bearings when things are going off kilter. It's okay to say thank you, Hawaii day for being what you are and for allowing me to be here and witness your very essence and thank you eyes, ears, mouth and nose for giving me the sensory capability that I take for granted far too often. Sorry if this sounds a bit ethereal, corny or schmaltzy, but I thought it might be of some value to think about it. Think about it, yeah. There's one. I mean, that is totally relevant in our time, totally relevant. Except again, you can't run around outside your house, that's all. You know, when you're busy working and you've got a full life and you're going from activity or event to event and you've got kids and you've got financial obligations. It's hard sometimes to put a period on that. We always put commas and then move on to the next thing. Put a period on that, Jay, and look outside and go, wow, the mountains are beautiful. Or, wow, I can hear birds singing. I mean, it's so simple and yet, and of course, the other ultimate act for anybody who's in the midst of tension and things is some music. It is scientifically proven that nothing affects you better or quicker than music. And yeah, I'm including drugs and alcohol and a few other bad things for you. But, boy, find a song that makes you feel good or put on your favorite mixtape or whatever and just enjoy the moment and then go back to what you have to do. But it helps decompress all that kind of stuff. So this is published by Watermark, but it's on Amazon. Can I get it on Watermark? It's not available as an audiobook at this point in time. But if you get it from Watermark, not only will you get it quicker, but it helps a local company, obviously, and it's free shipping. So if you go to HawaiiBooks.net, I think is the one you can get it within four or five days. And of course, Amazon in March was not shipping anything out except essentials. So people were having to wait for stuff, but now they're starting to get back to more normal sales. So yeah, you can get it from Amazon too. So nobody is going to disagree with what you read. It's going to be inspirational. In fact, that's the tagline of the book. Ideas and inspiration for today's Hawaii. But some of the pieces you wrote were not nearly as generally acceptable. What I mean is you took pot shots at people.  And I wonder if you can say that, A, you made friends with some of those pieces and B, whether you had pushback from people because of some of the things you said in your more controversial pieces over the years, pushback from them, pushback from the community, pushback from the owners, pushback, any kind of pushback. Or did you have a full hand and nobody ever quarreled? Yeah, right. I, I would, I would call out people that I felt as a TV station for the community needed to be called out if things needed to be fixed. I wouldn't call out, you know, I wasn't trying to, the intent was never to bully or take advantage of people who couldn't help themselves in any situation. But yeah, I got feedback. I was once called into an elected official's office about what I'd written and I was explained what they were trying to do. And I said, it's been 20 years we've heard this. So stop saying it and start doing something and they promised me I won't say who and I won't say what. And they promised me something would get done. And that was two and a half years ago and nothing's been done since. So I tried to point out that one of the things that the most important thing for a politician is to be reelected or else they're unemployed. So I understand that. But oftentimes when legislative session is in play, we hear that they're going to discuss certain things and they do it. I think so their constituents can say, well, at least they tried and everything like that. When in essence, they're not going to make any kind of potentially controversial changes. And I pointed out to this politician who was still in office, by the way. I said, look, nobody ever wins an argument with 10 people, 10 to nothing. You know that nobody ever wins 100% of the vote. So if you get 60% of the vote, you've got 40% who didn't like you. It should be the same way with some of these difficult decisions. If you're going to take a leadership position, you have to make what you think is the best decision and live with it. And this person said, hey, you don't need to tell me I understand how politics work, but that's not how it can be. Because we don't have a lot of competition in Hawaii, because we have a one-party system in Hawaii, it is much easier to not take major positions for things that could be controversial or upset people. So yeah, Jay, I had nasty emails. Who the F do you think you are, as usually from anonymous people? And I would write back and tell those people, thanks for your comments. I hope you find something on here you enjoy, but we feel it's our part as a community entity to provide these forums and to say these things. And if you don't agree, I'm sorry. Hopefully you will. Most people in Hawaii are really nice, and if they would see me and recognize me in the stores or whatever, say hey, you're the guy and that type of thing. And most of them, you know, my favorite one was when they'd say this was so wonderful. They'd say, you know, I agree with you most of the time. Well, that's great. So does my wife. I mean, I wouldn't expect you to agree with me all the time, but that's very nice. And I met it. I'm glad they watched it.  And that's great that hopefully people acted on it because it was really about you can take control. People ask me, what's the underlying theme? And I know it says ideas and inspiration, but the underlying theme is you can make a difference. Everybody can make a difference. And it could be at home. It could be at work. It could be in their philanthropic work. It could be in church or whatever.  I remember when I was coaching little kids with AYSO, you hope you make a little bit of a difference. And the kid has fun and he remembers that soccer was fun and Coach John was my coach and we had a lot of fun. Okay, so you make a little difference there. But I think that's why we're all on this planet is to figure out how we can make a difference at some level. And that's the implication of think about it is do something about it. And then the frustration, of course, for the guy who writes this and reminds us that he wrote it before and nothing's changed. Is that, you know, nothing has changed. And so it's hard. It's hard to get action. And it's hard to, you know, keep being moderate and not angry when you don't see any changes. But you know, one thing that strikes me is this is increasingly important for the media in general. You know, the old in the old days was just give me the facts. Give me pure journalism. I don't want to hear your opinion. The media should be seen and not heard. Sort of thing. And it's things have changed. Things have changed.  And which one of you came first, by the way, was it your pieces or his pieces? I don't, I don't really know. I started in 2000 and then Rick got into the company in late 2009. He began in 2010 or 2011. So I was on for a decade or so before Rick got involved. And now he's done too, because obviously he's off TV and now he's going to run for mayor. But you know, Jay, I would disagree with you on one thing. I would like to think that if I'm going to talk about pure media and information that I'm getting factual information. I don't need a bunch of opinions. If I do, then make sure you tell me its opinions. But if you're going to slant the news, if you're going to put things in a certain way that is obviously incredibly subjective or questionable, where there aren't facts involved, then call it that, but don't call it news. And I want to say, I think, I think some of the national media has done a really good job during this coronavirus. I think the local media has done a great job. And I think that when push comes to shove and when interviewed and asked, people trust local media more than they trust any other source. And I think they should continue to do so. Because as I've said on this show before, Jay, when we're dealing with people in the news gathering business, there is no such thing as fake news.  You're fired. You're fired. If you're making mistakes covertly, if you're saying things incorrectly, if you know that it's not a fact, but you're saying it because you have some other objective or some other position, you're fired. You can go do that elsewhere, but you can't do it where we're trying to put out news. So I would tell you that somebody may get one warning and then they're fired. So there is no such thing as fake news.  And if it's a lie, you're fired. Yeah. And that takes us to the whole thing. The last piece in your book, the last one is January 2019. And you broadcast this on K5. You put it in your book. And the point is, you were making these op-ed pieces through at least a couple of years of the Trump administration. Did you cover that? Did you go after the Trump administration on questions of fake news and on questions of inappropriate attacks and confusion to the public? Well, I guess I'm doing it now by telling you that anybody uses the term fake news. If it's not vetted, if it's not true, they should be fired. If it doesn't meet with what you want it to be, that's a different story. So no, I didn't really go after the Trump administration, you know, a broadcaster from Hawaii doing that. I don't know that that would have provided any value of note. I was really more interested in things as they related to Hawaii and let people form their own opinions on what they think should be right or wrong on a national front. But I really think that when it comes to all of our leaders, I mean, I'm really a big believer in transparency knowing that certain things have to be cloaked or are confidential for security reasons. I mean, I get all of that. But this idea that whenever somebody doesn't like what somebody's saying, again, if it is factual and it is not what you say you want it to be, that doesn't change the facts. You know, daddy always taught me everyone's entitled to their own opinion, but you're not entitled to your own facts. And I think we need to remember that when we're talking about truths of what is going on. One of the problems with this coronavirus and things that should be done or might be done or suggested that should be done is we don't really have historical precedent in a lot of these areas. And some people think it's overkill. And that's a pardon the pun when I use the word kill. But my God, if we don't get some of these things right, many, many more people are going to die. And the cost of that, some people would tell you, well, okay, but we need to get back to work. Well, death versus work, those are too heavy things to weigh against each other. And I hear people doing that now and we got to be cautious on the side of humanity. So some of these same people who would tell me they were celebrating Easter and then saying go back to work if a few people die, that's the way it goes. Wow, I'm not sure that works well with that Bible thing. So anyway. Yeah. Well, we have a question actually, John. I'll read it to you from a viewer. Question is what commentary of all these commentaries was most popular and what commentary resulted in change? Is there one or a couple of them that come to mind when you look back down the field for 20 years of writing? You know, I normally would hit a topic and then not revisit it right away. I didn't want to beat a dead horse, so to speak. There was one that drove me crazy. And it was one that, and I'm not going to say that this led to the change, but it certainly was part of the ground swell of support that came up. I met a teacher from Farrington High School who was eight and a half months pregnant. And it was August or September. And she told me I asked her when she was due. And I said, wow, it must be tough these days because it's hot. And she said she almost fainted in class the other day. And it raised my hackles up because this bit about our schools being overheated. So here's her story. She's in a classroom at Farrington. She says it is unbearably hot. So she keeps paper towels in the front of the room. And when the kids come in, they'll always grab paper towels. They will take black crate paper or whatever you call it and put it up on the windows to help get rid of the sunlight. And there's one fan.  And I'm sitting there going, what hypocrisy are we here? When we talk about test scores, we can't even have air for our children to breathe. So I did a couple of editorials and I started getting some support from the leeward side and from the windward side. And a guy who was the manager of Best Buy in town, he emailed me and we got on the phone and he donated like 30 fans to Farrington High School, which was great. Because that was something that was being done and we weren't just talking about it. Of course, I had letters and notes from parents saying the air stunk when I was a kid, which was 30, 40 years ago. We know it's been horrible on the leeward side. They've recorded temperatures of 97 degrees in classrooms on certain days and stuff. So the beauty of this was that at some point down the road, 2014, maybe 2015, the governor announced that he was going to start implementing retrofitting. And of course, you had old electrical systems that had to be repaired. So they were doing some solar panels, but putting more fans and putting more air into the classrooms. And in a lot of places, not all of them yet, but a lot of places it's gotten better. And I believe the number was $100 million in retrofitting to give our kids breathable air. And wouldn't it make sense that you might do better on a test if you weren't worried about fainting? And if you could breathe and felt like you wanted to distribute? These are rooms, and I said at the editorials, that you wouldn't put an animal in. You would call the society for prevention of cruelty to animals. And yet our kids are in those day after day, August, September, October, November when it's beyond hot in some of these classrooms. So that was one that did get some response. I did one about, everybody knows about the blood bank and the need for the blood bank to be continually gone to by people to provide blood and need. There's a place called the blood cord bank where they take placentas from newborns. And most people don't realize this and the placentas get disposed.  I thought that was incredible. And I called them up so I got my information and I did the editorial on it. And I called them a couple of weeks later because I was curious and they said, yes, they had had some phone calls from people interested. So you go, wow, wouldn't it be great if that people just found out about this and now a life has been saved or a life will be saved? Because you can store the placenta, you can freeze it and use it years later.  And I've also had some, like I said, where I'd get a couple of emails or anonymous phone calls that were, who the hell do you think you are? Who cares what you have to say? And you know, the answer to that is, well, I hear you, you can change the channel. It's really not difficult. You know, in the old days, you had to get up and change the channel. Now you can just press your buttons. I think the media has a duty to do this.  Well, let's close the show with one more of your op-ed pieces, if you don't mind. One of your favorites and see what you had to say on this one. This one was from the summer of 2016. It's called Empathy Starts Here. What's the biggest thing a kid needs to learn during the formative years? Well, talk to 10 psychologists, counselors or sociologists, and you might get 10 different opinions. Recently, I read a short blurb from one educational psychologist who very strongly suggested that empathy is the most important trait for kids to learn to help ensure their relative happiness and success years later. Dr. Michelle Borba wrote a book called Unselfie, Why Empathetic Kids Succeed in Our All About Me World. The title alone suggests which road we seem to be going down with technology giving us easy access to instant information, a modicum of self-gratification, and an ease with which to say, look what I'm doing because we all really need to know 24-7. Borba suggests that kids today, thanks in part to technological advances, are more self-absorbed than ever with narcissism rates of 58% in college students versus 30 years ago. Anecdotal evidence suggests that cheating, bullying, and unhappiness levels are also up among our youth. One bad picture or statement online could peg you forever in theory. That's a lot tougher than the old word-of-mouth network. So maybe teaching kindness, awareness of others' needs, and volunteerism will go a long way in your Kiki's development. Maybe celebrating helping others more than Richard's practice schedules will reap the long-term desired effects. As Borba says, when was the last time you saw a bumper sticker that said, proud parent of a kind kid? And isn't that what Aloha Spirit is all about? Making a difference, being kind, humble, and aware. Now, to promote these seemingly simple values, the adults must put down their addictive devices too, of course. Think about it. So I wrote that over years ago. I don't think it's ever been more true than today. We need more empathy. We need more people listening. We need to find more common ground, because obviously there's too much of a rift that has been evolved, and that's been going on for many, many years. I remember just to complete that thought, yeah, I got to sit next to Daniel Inouye, and I don't care what you think about him, but Daniel Inouye was a long-time helper of Hawaii, and quite a wonderful man in my mind. And I said to him, what do you see in Washington, D.C.? And I understand this was probably 2010 or 11, and he said, John, I've never seen it so divisive. I've never seen it where people can't even talk across the aisles and the anonymity and the venomous repartee that goes on, because people can write nasty emails and things. You can only imagine what he must have been getting. And he just said it was horrible, and that was 10 years ago. So I just think we just need to calm down, settle down, find common ground. Maybe this is, you know, if you believe in the spiritual, maybe what we're going through right now is the wake-up call for all of us that we do need to help each other out more often and figure out ways to come together as opposed to splitting apart. Yes, we're remaking ourselves right now as we speak. That's John Fink. His book is, think about it. It's on Amazon, and it's on, what is it? Watermark. Watermark Press right here and holding. And it's got 180, 90 of his op-ed pieces. And my mathematics indicates that there's another 1,800 of them on the cutting room floor, so there's probably going to be a second edition come along here soon. And if you want to see some of his recordings, they're actually on YouTube. I went looked. And we haven't even started talking about all his stuff on sports because not only is John a Renaissance man, but he is also a sports fanatic. And he understands sports pretty much the way he understands media. Thank you so much, John. Thank you for joining us. It's been great talking to you. Always a pleasure, Jay. Look forward to the next time. Aloha.


Yeah, I mean autistic people have a lot to offer the world. They've got incredible intelligence, incredible skills and abilities and incredible dedication and motivation. We've got to respect that the fact that autistic people can be successful and can change the world, you know? Well, based on the prevalence of autistics in science and literature and all that, I would say that there's, as I've said earlier, that autism, that autistics have a lot to offer the world in terms of moving the world forward in technology. But also I don't like to differentiate autistics from anyone else.  I think honesty and being able to get to the heart of the problem could be will be a BS that other people focus on even.


Thank you Pat for the introduction and the systems for inviting me to talk as well as a big. Thank you to my PhD advisors Courtney Harris and Margie Friedrich at VIM as well as our collaborators for this project Katja Fennell Kevin Shue and Kristofra Buye The focus of this talk in my dissertation has been on coupling sediment transport processes specifically resuspension with biogeochemical dynamics and for this talk I'll be focusing on oxygen dynamics Oxygen is a critical component of marine ecosystems the and So the recent and recent decades the development of low oxygen areas and coastal environments has been met with a lot of resources being put in to Trying to limit the extent of these coastal hypoxic areas and so here you're looking at a Example from an online news article that showed That potted oxygen concentrations for the news or they're from Nancy Rabley's work from Lumcon And so these red areas are these low oxygen or hypoxic areas offshore of coastal Louisiana and the Mississippi Delta What's important for this talk is that these low oxygen areas develop near the seabed where sediment transport processes and resuspension can affect the biogeochemistry of the water So as an example of resuspension can affect the Vertical profiles of oxygen and nutrients in the water column which can affect their fluxes and to and out of the seabed And I'll come back to this idea later Additionally it but resuspension just by definition and trains organic matter as well as sediment into the water column and the Decomposition of this organic matter or remineralization of this organic matter can consume oxygen and then finally once the Organic matter is entrained into the water column. It can be transported around the system by currents And so this can cause spatial and temporal variability in oxygen dynamics As an example here, you're looking at observations from the Gironde estuary in France You're looking at a scatterplot of oxygen concentrations on the y-axis and suspended particulate matter concentrations on the x-axis And what you can see is that when you have these higher concentrations of suspended particulate matter you're getting a depletion of oxygen at this location in the estuary and the authors attribute part of this depletion to the Respension and transport of organic matter and the associated decomposition of that organic matter in the water column However, using point observations which are limited due to cost and technology constraints It can be hard to pull apart the relative roles of physical processes like resuspension From the role of biogeochemical processes like decomposition And so this motivates the development of a numerical modeling approach that can account for some of these processes and Previous modeling efforts have focused on Hydrodynamic coupling hydrodynamic models with sediment transport models. Here's an example I'm showing Rob Hellins model from the Gulf of Mexico as well as Kevin shoes model from the same location and They've previous efforts have also focused on hydrodynamic models being coupled to water combine geochemistry models And both of these types of models are well represented in the literature For these These water column by geochemistry models, although I'm showing a picture of chlorophyll here for the Gulf of Mexico they also are used to predict and Analyze oxygen dynamics However, and when they do incorporate seabed or sediment transport processes They typically do so as a bottom boundary condition for the model So that's the seabed water interface and they're typically based on relatively simple parameterizations and This can affect the model results for example in the Gulf of Mexico This can affect your estimates of hypoxic area by up to a hundred percent and other environments have also been to Shown to be affected by how you parametrize the seabed by geochemical processes at that seabed water interface And so this uncertainty further motivates the development of a model that can account for both sediment transport processes like the suspension as well as biogeochemical processes now for my Dissertation we started with a hydrodynamic model that ROMs or the regional ocean modeling system Which is well used within the research community. It's open source and community developed and Which is it's previously been coupled to the CSTMS Sediment transport model, which is also well used as well as water column by geochemistry models including the For this work in order to couple the biogeochemical and sediment transport processes We did this by adding a seabed biogeochemistry component based on the soda soda biogeochemistry model and this allowed us To account for processes including not only the deposition of organic matter to the seabed But also the storage of organic matter in the seabed and subsequent erosion back into the water column Depending on the hydrodynamic conditions of the environment Additionally once this organic matter could was reentrained into the water column it could be transported around the system based on the current Additionally by accounting by explicitly modeling the vertical profiles of Oxygen and nutrients throughout the water column as well as the seabed. We could account for seabed of oxy fluxes of oxygen through the seabed water interface and a more process-based approach and Additionally by incorporating the soda seabed biogeochemistry module. We could account for the This decomposition of organic matter in the seabed as well as other biogeochemical reactions And if you're interested in more about the model, this was just published in biogeosciences this year Okay, so for the remainder of the talk, I'm going to give you two examples of model implementations the first example it focuses on a location offshore of the Roan delta in France and so here the Roan River flows through France into the Gulf of Lyons in the Mediterranean Sea and Specifically we chose this particular location because of this fantastic observational data set Sub millimeter scale observations are really great data set and we work for this and we work The observations came from crystal Frabya's group at CNRS in France And I'll come back to that in a second, but So for this site we implemented a one-dimensional vertical model to represent their study location I'm going to show you a movie of the model results so you can get a feeling of how the model works and so And so here what I'm going to show you is you're looking at three profiles of seabed organic matter on the left nitrogen concentrations in the middle and oxygen concentrations on the right-hand side and In all three profiles this black dashed line at the surface indicates the seabed water interface And so you'll see it move up and down in response to cycles of erosion and deposition And then finally on this bottom panel, you're looking at a time series of bed stress And so you're specifically want to note these three periods of large wave-induced bed stresses that will resuspend one to two centimeters of sediment in organic matter and so And so again as we go through these periods of erosion and deposition you'll you can see the profiles translate up and down and you can also see some Changes in the by the shape of the biogeochemical profiles and styles However, what you're going to notice for oxygen is that it's really hard to see these changes especially if they're small on small facial scales compared to the cycles of erosion and deposition So to look at these a bit closer And so this was the question one Can we represent these gradients and oxygen and the changes in the profiles? But also to what does that mean for oxygen dynamics? And so here to answer the first question is we plotted the model estimates of oxygen concentration In blue and then these really fine scale sub millimeter scale observations in red and Here I'm plotting results for two time periods for a quiescent period And then comparing that to a wrote an erosional period and what you're going to notice is that the In both cases the oxygen concentrations decrease as you go from the water column into the seabed and Then however, there's when you compared to the quiescent period the erosional time period It has a sharper gradient of oxygen at the seabed water interface. And so this occurs because the Here is a little schematic showing Before erosion you have an oxyc water column which is on top of the thin oxyc layer of the seabed Which overlies the anoxic portion of the seabed and so when you have a resuspension event you're in training that oxyc and suboxy Seabed into the water column which results in the anoxic portion of seabed being much closer to the oxyc water column increasing the diffusive gradient into the seabed and because of this Change in profile. Sorry, you increase the diffusive flux of oxygen into the seabed because there's a higher gradient of oxygen at that interface and in summary this matters because it's essentially increasing the sink of oxygen from that bottom water column where we care about the oxygen concentration and so Resuspensions essentially in is increasing the sink of oxygen from that bottom water column Now we're going to move from the seabed back into the water column and specifically I'm going to focus on the role of resuspended organic matter and how that affects oxygen dynamics there And so for this we implemented the couple or we implemented the model for the northern Gulf of Mexico So we started with previously published models from our colleagues Rob Hetlin's group at Texas A&M Sediment transport model that had previously been coupled to Rob's model from Kevin Chu at LSU as well as the What water column biogeochemistry model from Katja Fennel's group that I'd also previously been coupled to Rob's model And so for this project we implemented the model coupling which I talked about earlier Based on parameters from the one-dimensional seabed model from morons at all 2016 And then for the next couple of slides I'll be talking about results from Transacts offshore of the Chafalaya Bay. So here for those of you who aren't familiar with the Mississippi Delta and northern Gulf of Mexico. You have the Mississippi River which flows down this the Delta and into the Gulf of Mexico and then you also have a distributary that comes down the Chafalaya River into the Chafalaya Bay and And enters the Gulf of Mexico then So again, I'm going to show you a movie so you can get an idea about of the results So here what you're looking at is you're looking at transects offshore of the Chafalaya Bay So time out. Oh Okay, one minute So you're looking at transects offshore of a Chafalaya Bay where you're getting high concentrations of organic matter Near the seabed and that correlate Sorry here you're looking at oxygen concentration oxygen consumption due to the decomposition of that organic matter and then on the bottom you're going to see oxygen concentrations and Anywhere where you see these dark red colors you Indicating where hypoxia or these low oxygen areas are developing and so what you can see is that you're getting Episodically high concentrations due to resubstantion of organic matter and oxygen consumption and this somewhat correlates with decreases in oxygen concentration However to look at this in a little bit Without all the variability in the model run we're I'm going to show you time average results And so here what you're looking at is estimates on the left From the standard model run and then on the right hand side We're comparing the standard model run that included resubstantion with a sensitivity test without resubstantion And so the difference in those two model run gives you an estimate of the change In in this case organic matter due to resubstantion And so what these profiles are showing you is that you're getting higher organic matter concentrations near the seabed and much of that change is due to resubstantion and then Looking at the composition rate in addition to this area offshore You're getting a high Composition rates near the seabed where you're getting resubstantion organic matter And then this correlates with a decrease in oxygen consumption in these shallow environments And so finally I'm just to look at this these results one other way is we're looking at a map of oxygen Or sorry, we're looking at a map of the results instead of a transect and you can see this similar pattern So again, the standard model estimates are on the left and the change due to resubstantion is on the right and in areas where you're getting High organic matter concentrations much of which is due to resubstantion You're getting higher rates of decomposition and lower rates of oxygen Especially lower concentrations of oxygen, especially in these near shore areas And downstream with RiverMouse where you have a lot of organic matter being resubstant And so in conclusion we've developed a couple sediment transport by a geochemical model for coastal marine environments that was implemented for the Rhone Delta as well as the northern Gulf of Mexico the overall we Estimated that resubstantion increased fluxes of oxygen into the seabed and also increased the consumption of oxygen within that bottom layer of the Water column and then ongoing work includes implementing the model for the Chesapeake Bay and looking at the effects of light Attenuation in addition to the decomposition of organic matter. Thank you. Thank you, Julia okay, so moving on we will have a Short break a short break and but I want to go over a couple of things because when you come back You're not going to come back to this room You're going to


The hydration state of the first coordination sphere of manganese complexes with hydroxyethylideen diphosphonic acid, HEDP, and for MN2, systems with salt compositions of amino methylated calyx, FORF, resorcinol, AMC, a varying lipophilicity were investigated using nuclear magnetic resonance, NMR. In acidic environments, pH 2 to 4, the presence of HEDP caused a bell-shaped increase in the relaxation efficiency of MN2 complexes with AMC containing pental radicals. However, this effect was not seen when the AMC had other types of alkyl chains. This article was authored by E. A. Burilova, L. I. Vagapova, Z. A. Nazarova, and others.


Now, what kind of jobs in high demand? Of course, it will be AI related jobs. Could be AI product manager, AI engineer, AI project manager, anything about AI. If you look up online right now, so many job openings around AI in different companies, and companies like to put AI on their roadmap. For example, on Amazon, they have like AI accelerator, which means they want to discover different kind of new ideas of AI to accelerate the growth of AI. And this is just not Amazon. All companies start to put lots of effort into AI. Well, if you watch the demo of Gemini from Google, it will realize that Google and ChessGVT opened the AI, it started to compete heavily against each other. They are literally taking talent from each other's company and hiring so aggressively.


I'm going to talk about async iterators and how it can change streaming systems in the future. So about me, I'm Steven, hello. I'm on GitHub and Twitter and we're going to talk about some things. The intro, some of you might have seen Matteo's talk earlier, so you've already maybe seen a bit of intro to async iterators, so I won't spend too much time on that one. Also going to show off some use cases, some more complicated use cases for async iterators. Talk about a bit of the pitfalls of using them and do a little performance demo. Async iterators, it's, it matches the async function system and the generator function system into one thing, special signature, you've got the async symbol and the asterisks, so you can await stuff and you can yield stuff and just returns an iterator that you can do four-weight loop over. And it's also internally an interface that's just promised, like promise returning next function that resolves to an object with a value and a flag indicating whether it's done or not, and objects that have this async iterator, like symbol dot async iterator function that returns an iterator can be consumed by four, like four or eight of loops. So get to the, get to the examples. So streams are actually async iterators, so you can just take any quick read stream and just four-weight over it, like right now this already works, so just go and do it. So with that, like you can do a simple concat stream type thing, but like this, like there's a bunch of modules in the user land right now to do like stream concat that are like five times the length of this to do the same thing, so it makes things easier. And you can also do stream transformations. I'm going to be soon working on a pull request that's in NodeCore, there's a function called pipeline, which you might see later in the presentation that replaces the like stream dot pipe.  This is my user land thing using async iterator pipe, which takes just any stream the same as pipeline does and transform streams, but it can also take the async generator functions in place of a stream, which just looks like that. So it's just a function that receives another iterable and produces a new one. So this iterable can be like an existing stream or another one of these and you can just channel these together. The nice thing about async generator functions is that you can actually just like call these nested and pass the values into each other, and that's basically what this pipe model does when it sees that it's not a stream. And so we're going to show something a little more complex this time, because this other one is just uppercasing a stream that doesn't really do anything to notable. So let's try parsing a CSV file and converting that to a new line to limit a JSON. So we have a CSV file, we just do create read stream on that, and then we have to do line split. So we want to start with an empty buffer and just as we receive chunks from the read stream, append those chunks to an intermediate buffer that we're working with, and continuously watch that until we see a new line character, which is just looking for the character code for it instead of the string, so I don't have to stringify this, and it's just looping over as long as there is a new line in here, then it will slice up to the point of that new line and yield that chunk and then move the pointer like resetting that buffer. And so this will just keep like loop until I have a new line and then emit that and just keep doing that, and then eventually you might have no new line terminator at the end of the file, so just yield if there's anything left. And now that we've split it into lines, we need to do something with those lines, which is translate that as CSV. So the first line in CSV is just the key names, so we can loop over each line and just split the first line into an array of the keys, and then the next, for every subsequent line, the position in the array maps to the key position in the key list, so we just make a data object out of that and then yield that, and then JSON stringify, so it's pretty easy to do. And so now we can pass that to standard dots. We've managed to do this fairly complicated task of taking CSV file and converting that to new line delimited JSON in like 50 lines of code, which with streams this would be a bunch more complicated. And so that pipe module is actually just this, like that's the entire module. It has this for handling streams, which as I said before, a stream is just an iterable, so you can just iterate over things, and this handles a stream on, like if it's targeting a stream, then you can just iterate over the iterable source, whether it's a stream or not, and just write into the stream, and when you're done the loop. And then if it's function, you can just hand it the source directly, just create this nested call thing, and then all we have to do is just detect whether something is a stream and pick which side of the logic we want to do, and then you can just do, like, reduce all the targets so you have, like, in the pipeline the first thing is the source, and then you're just, like, connecting each thing in the pipeline to the next thing, so you just have each target gets reduced into the source. So another cool example is HTTP servers. So typically you'll have, like, an HTTP app that you have, like, HTTP create server with, like, a handler to receive each request that comes in, but instead you can use HTTP iterator and just do create server without giving a callback, and you can actually do that normally and attach a, like, unresponse event instead, because that's actually what it's just doing internally, but this module will actually do that internally and convert that into an asynchronous iterator, so you can just for await over requests, and there's some kind of neat things you can do with this sort of pattern, like, pushing all of this into a queue and then, like, awaiting if you have, like, too many concurrent connections or something, like, you might want to throttle or things like that, so you can, like, push stuff into a queue and handle it elsewhere instead of, like, handling it all in this callback. It just gives you a little bit of extra controls, and so this is the entirety of HTTP iterator. It's a module called Channel Surfer, which provides, like, go, like, channels, so you create a channel and listens to, as I said, the server on request event and just passes the request and response into the channel and then closes the channel when the server closes, and that's it, so we'll get into more complex example now, so a lot of, like, APIs will have, like, paginated API, and they might, like, have their pages, like, nested in things, and it can be kind of awkward if you're, like, trying to deal with something like that. If you want to, like, interact with, like, every record in a system or something like that, then you have to, like, build a whole bunch of logic on top of logic on top of other logic that just makes it complicated to interact with, you know, something like that, so let's just consider, like, we have load page, just pretend this is, like, fetching from the network or something. It gets a page by the page number, so we can convert that, that's a page number getting function into an async iterator pretty easily by just having this, and as long as load page returns a, like, truthy value, then it will keep going in the while loop and yielding pages, so whenever it hits an empty page, then it stops. But each of these pages looks like this. It doesn't give us the items, it gives us the page. What we want is actually, like, a list of the items, so we can just convert one iterator into another iterator by just wrapping the pages iterator in one that loops over each page that it receives from that and emits each item from each of those pages, and so we can reduce this, like, what would normally be a fairly complicated system of interacting with this, like, whole paginated API and just turning that into an iterator that we can just loop over every item and, like, stop when we want to stop or just loop over everything as if it's just, like, a single iterable thing, which is pretty nice. And then another interesting application is batching. You might have, like, a giant sequence of things you want to break up into, like, groups of, like, process 10 items at a time or something like that. So here we have an infinite sequence of numbers. This will just keep looping forever. Every, like, 10 milliseconds it'll give you the next number. So for batching we want to be able to take, like, a certain number of items out of the iterator and process each of those, like, in that batch. So there's some interesting stuff in here that we're using the, like, iterator.next function instead of, like, a 408 loop here and then, like, a breaking after, like, n iterations. And the reason for that is that 408 of will fully consume an iterator even if you try to break out of it. So if you try to, like, hand the same iterator into, like, take n items out of it and then, like, a wait for that and then take another n items out of that, if you consume the whole iterator then it's gone. So, yeah, that's batching the while loop and the await iterator next. And when you're interacting with the, like, underlying iterator interface you have to check the, like, done flag and yield the value, not, like, yield the object. And so this might look a little bit familiar because this is actually effectively the same thing as the stream concat that I showed you earlier. It just doesn't do a buffer concat. So this is interesting in that, like, you can actually, like, abstract away the whole, like, stream concat thing entirely, like, don't even have a module that does that, just have a module that turns it into an array and then hand that into the buffer concat function and it works the same. So you can make this more generic thing and it's just easier. So now that we have those pieces in place we can make the batch function. So it just takes an iterator and it takes a page size and it will take a page of that size out of that iterator, convert that to an array and then as long as there is items to be yielded then it'll just yield that page. So we can do something, like, if we have infinite sequence of numbers we can take batches of that and sum the batches or things like that. But there are some interesting pitfalls to consider with async iterators though. So I've already mentioned this one which is, like, for a weight of loop fully consumed it's an iterator. There's some other interesting ones as well.  So what this means in practice is that you can do some things, like, in here, we have this function that we want it to just infinitely loop over and, like, await some task and we have this timeout here that just sets a flag to tell it, like, when it reaches this timeout just, like, set the flag to stop running the loop. So do you think this works? No. It does not because there's a weird thing in async await that you can actually await a non-promise and it's just will, like, await, like, it'll yield the value. It's, like, you can just do, like, await one and it'll give you one and it won't actually defer, well it will defer to the microtask queue but it will be immediately resolved and that particular property is a problem in that the microtask queue, basically the queue is in node, like, will step down to the next tier when the current tier has drained. So if the microtask queue every time it has a tick adds another task to the microtask queue it'll just keep cycling through the microtask queue forever and will never actually reach anything else. So the set timeout will actually never get reached because it's a lower priority queue. So it's a little bit of a weird issue but just realize that microtask are higher priority and you might have to debug that. This is kind of connected to that. If any of you remember the whole Zalgo issue and the DZalgo module that came out of that, in, like, early days of node there was, like, lots of people would, like, write async stuff that, like, was sometimes async. Like, you might have a function that, like, might do, like, an FS read file or something but it might cache that data and then, like, the next time you call the function it has that stored in memory so it's just going to call the callback immediately but it'd sometimes call it in the same tick instead of the next tick so, like, you'd have, like, logically your code would, like, call this async thing and then you might have something below it that that would, like, on the first run that would happen first and then the callback would happen but then that would switch around because it was calling the callback in the same tick and it just, like, makes your code super confusing and non-deterministic so the DZalgo module was created to ensure that things are always async and this is basically the equivalent in async iterators. We have to do this again, apparently. So you just await another promise that's, differs to set immediate which is at the bottom of the, the, like, tiers of Q priorities. So this will say, like, once everything else is done then jump back to this again. So I also have a bit of performance demo. So there's been, like, a lot of people have kind of avoided async iterators and, like, related to that promises because of the myth that promises are slow which, at one point, had some truth to it but there's been a huge amount of effort that's gone into optimizing promises over the last several years that they're actually quite performing at this point. So I'm going to show a little demo. So I'll just show you the code for it. So on the left side we have how to implement the, like, just uppercasing stream and on the right side we have the equivalent code in async iterator. So this just will take an infinite stream of stuff and uppercase it. Let's see, oops, my node module is missing. That's not good. I'll just install that in the background and install for a minute or try to, I think it's all cached locally so it should work without a connection. So let's walk through the code. So the stream version just, you push the uppercase in and then do the set immediate because you need to be a responsible async participant. And this is doing effectively the same thing because of Disaligo reasons. Demo doesn't seem to want to run right now. I'll show off some of the code then instead. So this is just the CSV to JSON. This is optimized slightly from the other one. So it does the line splitting and CSV parsing all in one. And it has some helpers to handle the converting the keys and stuff. But I was kind of hoping to show the demo but it doesn't run around. So I did some performance testing basically. And when running the uppercase, like the uppercasing demo, it's fairly naive code so it's not going to have any significant performance difference. But the CSV to JSON has like a little more meat to it. There's a little more stuff there that's like more real world kind of demo. And the code from the async iterator actually is about 15% faster than streams are and about 40% less memory usage. So you can actually use async iterators now and get as good or better performance than streams if you know how to use them properly. That's basically the end of that. So go forth and async iterates. Sorry my demo didn't work great.


Secret agent K-7 returns. Venturer K-7, form a United States secret agent who operated in 22 countries, on land, on sea, and in the air, brings you another story of today. Here is K-7. Ladies and gentlemen, in days when nations are re-arming for defense, new weapons of warfare are carefully guarded secrets. All tests are conducted with the utmost secrecy, yet, in spite of extreme vigilance, military secrets often leak out. It is such a story which I am going to ask John Holbrook to introduce now. Thank you, K-7. Recently, a new aerial bomb was developed which gave promise of being one of the world's most effective weapons. While tests of this bomb were being conducted, the intelligence service of the country involved guarded the secret with vigilance. Yet, despite their watchfulness, they were certain that results of the tests were leaking out. As a result, secret agent M was called into the case. Three days after M and his assistant, Yvonne, arrived, their suspicions were directed toward one man. We join M and Yvonne in the lobby of a large hotel. Yes, this is Yvonne. Yvonne, if we sit over here, we can see him as he comes through the door. Oh, here's a seat. You're sure this man is a spy, M? Yes, I've had him followed. More, I've checked into his past. We could arrest him, but instead, we are hoping he will lead us to the man who's giving him information and to the head of the ring. I see. And what's this magazine stuff? I'll explain later. When this man left the hotel this morning, he bought a copy of the magazine you have in your lap. If he comes back with it, I want to see it. Now, you know what you're to do. Yes, but I must confess, it sounds silly. When he comes in, I'm to get up and accidentally run into him, dropping my magazine and knocking his out of his hand. If you can do that, it will be perfect. I will pick up both magazines and exchange them, giving him the one that you have. And I'll hand you the one he carries, then we'll get out quick. It ought not to be difficult. The only thing I can't understand is what harm there can possibly be in a magazine. Ivan, here he is. And he has the magazine, the man wearing the tan suit. Hurry. I see him. Which way to the telephone? Oh, you're in heaven. Oh, I'm so sorry. I walked right into you.  Thank you.  And this magazine is yours, monsieur? Yes, give it to me. Good name, mademoiselle. I'm sorry, monsieur. He's gone. Quick, Ivan. Outside and get into the car. A few minutes later, we find M and Ivan in M's laboratory. M is holding the magazine before an ultraviolet or black light. As he turns the pages, he explains, You see, Ivan, I have reason to suspect that military secrets are written across the printed pages of this magazine in invisible ink. If so, that invisible ink will stand out under the ultraviolet light. And we'll be able to read what is written. Yes, the ultraviolet light will bring it out as clearly as if it were written on blank paper. Yes, wait. Have you found something? Look at this page. Oh, figures. What do they mean? It's a formula, Ivan. Yes. Yes, it's all there. Turn on the lights. We're on the right trail, Ivan. First I'll give you your instructions, then I'm going to see the commandant. M sat across the desk from the commandant of a large military post. Together they examined the magazine while M explained. It's all there, Commander. The complete formula for the liquid oxygen bomb. I don't know what to say, Agent M. This magazine condemns one of my officers. The men who may trust it completely. And have impressed under arrest at once. It means quite much. I don't want him arrested, Commander. You're not arresting him. But I know he is the only man who had this formula. He's been studying it for weeks. You arrest him, Commander. The men behind this plot will grow suspicious. They'll get away before I can find out who they are. But if he remains free, we are running a race. No, not a big one. Have him followed. We'll also follow the man with the hotel. In 72 hours I may have all the information I need. Very well. I'll give you 72 hours. Are there any plans? Yes. First, the lieutenant is married. He lives with his wife. My assistant, Yvonne, is moving into the vacant bungalow next to theirs today. She will keep watch of his home, see who comes and goes. I see. Now, that isn't all. I've found the lieutenant has a sister living in the east. Yvonne will be supplied with a forged letter of introduction. I wanted to find out how the lieutenant lives, whether or not he spends more money than he should. I see. It is in your hands, M. You have 72 hours. After that, I'll have to act. Soon, Yvonne moved into her small bungalow home in the suburbs. Oh, this place is lovely. I almost wish I could stay forever. Oh, I wonder who that can be. M says, oh well, I'll soon find out. How do you do? I'm Helene Osborne. I live next door. Oh, this is nice. Come in, won't you? I'm not all settled, but I'm glad to see you. I simply had to come over and find out what you looked like. I'm glad you did. My name is Yvonne Durrell. What did you say yours was? Helene Osborne. Oh, but this place is precious. Did you say Helene Osborne? Yes. Why do you look so surprised? Well, tell me, is your husband Lieutenant Osborne? Is he connected with the military post? Yes. How did you know? This is wonderful. Look, I have a letter to him. It's from his sister. She's an old friend of mine. Really? Here it is.  Well, that settles it. Tonight you will have dinner with us. My husband will be home, and you can give him your letter. Yvonne, I hope you'll be friends with her. Do I, Helene? A few minutes later, Yvonne telephoned Em. Hello, Em. This is Yvonne. I've met her, Em. Yes. Well, I haven't formed any opinion. She seems nice. I'm going over there to dinner tonight. Your letter worked. Yes. I'll call you about midnight. During the next two days, Yvonne was with Helene almost constantly. Em remained in his hotel, and carried on his own investigations. On the third day, Em drove out to visit Yvonne.  Come in, Em. I saw your call stop. What have you found, Yvonne? Have the husbands had any visitors? No, there have been no visitors, Em. No one is called? No one. Then we haven't much to report. Get ready, Yvonne. We're due at the commandant's office. I have a few things to tell you. You can tell me on the way down on the car. Yvonne, I don't mind telling you that I'm discouraged. The commandant gave me 72 hours. They're up, and I've discovered nothing. It means that Lieutenant Usman will be arrested. He'll face court martial. Does that mean the firing squad? I'm afraid so, with the evidence against him. Then, Em, you've got to... Yes. Who's that? Yvonne. Yvonne. Are you there? It's Helene. Go out into the kitchen, Em, and close the door behind you. I want to talk to her alone. You're going to tell her? No, Helene. She might open the door. Get it over with as soon as possible. We've got the stuff. Come in, Helene. Did you take a magazine from the desk when you were over at the house this morning? I might have. Tell me, did you? I've got to know. I've got to get it back. Sit down, Helene. Tell me, what have you been doing? Nothing. Why do you ask? Then why have you got to have the magazine I took? Well, I... Well, because... Well, I was reading a story. Give it to me. Helene, listen to me. You can have your magazine back, but not until it has been examined under ultraviolet light. And your ultraviolet... Your caught, Helene. Your husband has been bringing home plans to study. You've been copying them in magazines with invisible ink and selling the information. How did you find out? I saw the pen on your desk. You had been using it, but there were no ink stains on the point. Helene, you know that because of what you've done, your husband is under arrest right now. Do you know he's going to face court-martial, disgrace, and perhaps even the firing squad? Paul? Paul will face the firing squad? Oh, no, no, I... Oh, Ivana, I wanted nice things. I wanted to pay for our homes. And now Paul may have to pay with his life unless you save him. Oh, that's what I'll do. I'll go to the commandant. I'll tell everything.  I'll do anything.  Sit down. Yes. There's paper there. Now write as I dictate. My husband, Lieutenant Paul Osborne, is innocent. Without his knowledge, I copied his papers and reports across the pages of magazines using invisible ink and sold them to a spy. Sign that, Helene Osborne. Don't you want to know the name of the spy? We already know who he is. Give me the paper. Yes. What will they do with this? Nothing. Here, take his car keys. M's car is in front of the house. What do you want me to do? The border is just 20 miles from here. Take M's car and get across it. Now hurry. Oh, Yvonne. Don't talk. I'll hold M here until you've had a chance to get away. Then we'll fill your husband. What's your problem? I'll tell your husband where you've gone. And unless I'm mistaken in him, in spite of what you've done, he'll come to you. Now start. Some who will say that Yvonne let her heart rule her head. But I don't feel that way. And neither did my friend agent M. The spy was arrested and the young lieutenant freed. A short time later, he resigned his commission and joined his wife in another country. Listen for my next story. This is K-7 speaking.