This is the SF Productions podcast network 60s and 70s television Welcome to vast wasteland Welcome home of 60s and 70s television. I'm Mark Smith along with Wilbert Neil and Marty Wiley Well before we get into tonight's exciting subject, which as you probably guessed was school shows Just want to tell you we're on Tuesdays at 6 Wednesdays at 10 and Thursdays, Wednesdays on ATTV table 21 Also, if you want to write to us put it to complain about that stuff just like that Wednesdays fooling around on the set Right into box 15 14 11 Columbus, Ohio 4 3 2 1 5 You know, I actually don't have the letter because it got lost in my bag or something but a person Wrote me this note and it wanted to know could we answer the Dear vast wasteland, I'm too cheap to mail this so I'll hand deliver it. He is cheap. Believe me What can you tell me about shows that have unchanging clothes, which kind of fits into tonight's too? You know, he means like Gilligan's Island or whatnot You know, why did some people just always wear the same clothes from our artist fans are for the shows were cheap That's why I basically say they said hey We don't need to have a budget for this and also it's a lot easier to To edit the shows together. I mean you could you could technically shoot Scenes from various episodes all together and it is edited however you wanted The only the only people that really changed clothes on there were the howls and ginger anyway And that didn't happen that often and because that's just because they they they traveled with 60 or 70 bags of luggage There was no room for anybody else to bring any clothes so you've got a Gilligan and he's out there beating his red shirt with a Rock, you know, that's a very nice Did they on the beach there and that poor hat of his my god, so I'm surprised it survived And why did they never change Dennis the menace's clothes is another thing he brings up well Dennis did go from bib over all to the little boy Well, that was creating so much trouble. It's probably such a huge financial strain on the Mitchell, you know You know, it's the only the only joy he really had was that slingshot he carried around in his pocket He had a drone, but mr. Wilson kept like giving him five bucks for it Because he's gonna buy another drum He had a candy for him and Joey or something and special to our four who watches so much Star Trek Before we get into the show now for the way Well first off, let me say that By the time you see this this may well be old news, especially if you're big in the track But if if you're not or for whatever reason, here's the big news There's gonna be a third Trek series say no Third Trek series and it's gonna start next January Like Trek dry, I mean we've got track you've got track light Here's the deal with a twist Next next January a new series called. Let me make sure I get this right Star Trek deep space nine It's going to be a series based on a space station not on a ship at all And it's going to be during the same timeline as next generation Which means we're going to see people from next generation wandering it on the show And you know wandering onto the station and probably having like crossover shows all six million dollar men biotic woman type things where we had a Storyline that goes back and forth between the show. So you'll be so be looking forward to that and basically it says here Where's say here Follows the adventures of a new team of Starfleet officers who take command of a remote alien space station Situated near a newly discovered wormhole a shortcut through space that has become one of the most strategic locations in the galaxy And we don't know whether Channel 28 is going to carry it, although I'm betting they will Since they got both track in next generation Also, well, I was gonna say for those of you with cable for those of you without cable You can't see this show so For those who have channel 43 They've already stated. I believe that they're gonna carry this new deep space nine already and they already carry next generation. So One way or another I'm sure we'll see this There's also another show called Babylon 5 for Warner Brothers That is virtually the same show pretty much But it's not but it's not track but it is based on a space station and that show is also going to come out virtually at the same time You Space is big again, you know, and they promise there's not going to be an explosion on one side of it And they won't go shooting out into space and find a woman who can change Change shape into animals and stuff. We're not going to see any space 1999 stuff at least we hope not And they won't destroy the whole population of earth In the first it won't be an urban island epic in other words. So basically we hope not and no guilt to our thank goodness. So He's learned it. He can he can do it. He's been practicing Gil can do it No guilt your art. No tweaking. No tweaking beaty beaty beat Anyways on our main topic for the evening school shows Certainly, this is something that is really cheap to do because you you bring a lot of young actors in usually in there For some reason we always see actors in their 20s playing teenagers That seems to be some of you see a lot and they're really not Usually not well-known people so you can pay them virtually nothing And it's not until after the series is on for a while as they get to be known if they do get to be known at all Exactly, so then you had to pay them more but by then. Oh, they cancel the show Or they graduate exactly Well, and the other big thing you see is the concept of despite the fact that there's only four years in high school And they stay there forever. They don't they don't really want they just continue on case in point the arches Like every every every year to us is just like oh, I don't know maybe a minute or two to them There's another dimension whatever all their cartoons don't change clothes either This is true, which is probably why Dennis never really changes clothes because if he did why you wouldn't recognize him Anyways, let's Let's talk about some uh specific shows. Okay. Well room 222 Well, let's go back a little further. Why? I drew 222. Doby Gillis was out a little earlier than that. Yeah, it wasn't actually a school show but They were at school a lot. Yeah, they were at school. I mean a lot of it took place like at school, you know, so There's Doby Gillis and patty duke's dad was the teacher a lot. Yeah Yeah, of course, that was before he became patty duke's dad. I guess so Because then he had another job with another name William Scheller just went he had dozens of jobs on sitcoms. He just must have just like oh got another show to do He's off to another studio to do another bit part. He probably said like walk through the wall Like when he went to work he was going to another show Amazing this man and later he became the president of the actors union Believe it or not. He was like president of the television actors union by golly. He wasn't just an actor But he was also the president That's right Okay, well Doby Gillis So Doby I like this show. It was a fun little show. It started actually In the all 59 minutes. Yeah 59 63 carried up to 63. So, you know And he was another one of those actors who was like older But right played this young guy in high school. But hey, you know and he went to school with him Yeah, it was before the three-hour career Three-hour tour he was he had a different name He changed his name from Maynard Gilligan. Yeah, call me. You know Maynard. Just any if you can get out on a boat I was like something stepping. Yeah Not on a boat named Maynard. See that doesn't work. Maynard little buddy. Yeah, that doesn't work Maynard It just doesn't ring like Gilligan Whatever would you come over Maynard, yes, he would have sounded more like the Howl's son And Warren Beatty was the rich kid in that in the school And and Tuesday Weld was on there for a while. There was like a lot of famous people in the school When they were in school But it wasn't actually a true true business school show and and failure manager No, no, that was Zelda that did that. That's true. That's that was Zelda for pink witty Didn't we hear that on the air Anyways, anyway, but I was gonna say though. He said he was older. Well back in fan people did look a lot older when they were in high school I know you ever look at your parents your book. All right golly. They're got on suits and short hair Glasses Let's go to your parents and say you look like you did in high school because I looked up cat-eye glasses It was just wild and let's talk about the amazing chameleon lake hair color of dobby gillin I Went it went really looks like like platinum blonde and it went back to dark It pretty much went back and forth. I don't know what the deal could have been that it just did that season to season I mean every season it would be a different thing. That's what it was the way they show the reruns. It's like one day you're looking at it I was working at the store and some bleach fell on his head. Yeah, you know No bleach head Of course, this was a show that really to try to do the breaking the fourth wall idea You know, you had nobody would just sit out and talk directly to the audience So we also had the idea of of a father who wasn't particularly supportive of his son Which you really didn't see a television at that time all that time It was pretty much a you know, all the families were you know, like the anderson's and Okay, and don't you don't have to read that kind of thing. Yeah, that's right That was that was a nuclear family. That was it. Here.  Let's go up a little bit. Okay now. We'll hit room 222. Thank you One of my favorites because I I really fantasized that high school would be just so wonderful like that You know Was it?  We were very upset about that It's a little closet at the end of the hall Did y'all go look in there for bernie the guy with the big red afro?  It was mr. Smith's room at my junior high I don't think our high school had one because I don't think that many people could count that It was a little closet, but it was also at office There was a lady in there typing typing typing, but it was just a little closet She's like real old. They just locked her in there and didn't tell her when to go home or nothing It was very sad That's too bad. I think she was the mother of a friend of mine Good. It was just very sad. Anyway, I like that show Karen valentine got started on that one. Yep. Um Michael constant one of the rare cases of instead of having the uh, the students look older We had teachers that didn't look like they should have been teachers They look like they were still should have been in high school It was like a first-year kind of thread is a basic thing there that she really looked like one of the kids, you know And mr. Dixon was like the cool teacher and and michael constantine was like A crabby old principal guy Which is like the only thing that was truly in high school when you got there He was the cool slightly sarcastic principal He wanted to be a comedian. Yeah, he's mad that he couldn't be a comedian So he's just gonna make the high school living hell I like that that show that saw nickelodeon or whatever now or the Because of the principal or the vice principal really tries to be a comedian, you know, and he's always talking about the Oh, welcome freshman. He's always talking about the freshman and really this was one of the first uses of a Of black characters as people non-stereotypes. Yes I mean it talks in here. You know about the idea that Uh, we didn't just have the wasp and soul clothing as was diane carol and julia Nor are they laughable buffoons such as jimmy walkers jj and good times We're still in peregrine's of street wise virtues such as link a's of the mod squad This was a They had a white guy with a great big red afro I loved it. It was neat Never found anybody that looked like that back The guy with his own bows over He's done several shows too since then. I don't recognize him now. He didn't have hair He's able to change his hair I guess the whole deal Of course, that's when everybody had hair back then denise nickels. She was the other teacher. Yeah, there's a guidance counselor She was oh, let me see this You get the high school find out about the guidance counselor and romantic interest for dixon. Yes Christian you get the high school find out too. There's such thing as a guidance counselor There's a coach sitting in there telling you.  You can get a job. Okay This was walt wittman high And I thought those crayons were just you know wittman crayons just because Walt women I did I really did Read your history and then hey well, this was this was 69 here Hey, we got a show in 69 amazingly this started. Okay. This was on september 17 to 69 Got a show here to start on september 14 to 69 the bill cosby show Where bill cosby was chet kinkage By golly, what was he bill cosby? He was a gym teacher. He was a high school physio teacher and a coach Not unlike what bill went ahead to do When he got his his master's in and whatever Go ahead back to a temple university become Super dad teacher and a coach That basically was you know, it was another developing uh Roll for bill cosby to develop his comedic talents and things after the ice pie deal left. He was then physio teacher and a coach Why could you guys stay in school and work real hard to do that? And it was it was a fun show Yeah, it really was it was so fun. It was all right. I like to be 222 better It was touching. Yeah, it was moving. It was like a warm ity Yeah, really 222 is really the first warm ity for a lot of us that and eddie's father were kind of like pretty much Yeah, you need to eddie's father. But anyway, but we can be but I don't know. I just It was like, oh, that's what high school will be. I can't wait. It'll be so wonderful all these caring grown-ups and friends It was cool another school show after that cut here. Yeah, mr.  They were in high school for like eight years. Well, they were Never got out of cotter's class It was like it seemed like eight years early. They're like, what are these kids going to graduate? Well, they were remedial academics. Yeah, they were really starting sixth grade. What's the deal? Okay, so they were the squad No, they were really the squad They were more like what we call the animals at our school the guys that worked that That went to school half the day and they went to some menial job So they could get through high school basically. Well, that's how they got their day the sweat hogs Yes, which gave john travolta his Of course, I had known who gave kaplan was because he had been a stand-up comedian. Yeah Gee does this sound like another show on the opposite end? It came back in the 80s with a stand-up comedian Oh no And wasn't it like john travolta's first shot? Yeah, pretty much And then by guy, oh, he's in a movie later. I wonder if he watches those now and go, oh my god I think he could pretty much watch anything he's ever done and go Yeah Just recently saw that boy in the plastic bubble What an actor boy this why this guy isn't getting Oscars now is absolutely beyond me I want to rage I've often noticed that every time john travolta did a movie by golly. I dance craze came because of it Or riding them bulls Who was the guy that played freddy boom boom washington? Oh, that's laurence hilton jacob, which you see a lot. Who now plays like like Supporting parts on cop shows He's like the responsible cop all of a sudden and this guy too shows up on cop shows, right? I can't remember his name one eppstein What do we can do one louise pedro fiddler the wavles eppstein Hedges hedges hedges or hedges. I don't look like hedges Oh He shows up in cop shows. Yeah, because he's cut his hair. Everybody cut their hair. I'm so what the heck happened to ron paulillo Jason movie He was in a jason movie and and that's kind of like the last I saw him But I did see him on herald are not too long ago Oh, was he on there about the about the where are they now kind of kids? It's like where are the people from room 222 now? Well, I know one of them is dead at least But the others they don't really care valentine. She's still alive, but What does she do now? Not much, but it's like a Hollywood square And um, what's her name? Um She she was hot tea hot tea on the show. Yeah, deborley scott. Yeah deborley scott It was like one of the few girls who had hogs And i'm gonna hide in this book, but that's what I used to do No, wait, wait. Yeah, but those aren't kind of books you hid behind in school There you go. There you go. Well cleverly disguised They'll never know But sweat hogs didn't read books. That's right. You don't have to worry about that. So I always wondered Cotter was a sweat hog. Yeah, he was in school. How did he get so smart? That's right And become the teacher of the sweat hog He went off and he did that stand-up comic thing in college and he just learned the world What the fascinating thing about this show is that this is one of the shows where they said, you know We're kind of we've kind of beaten the whole concept into the ground and at that point Uh kaplan wanted like a million dollars an episode or some some hideously some huge amount of money And they went no go away and they basically mrs. Cotter became like She became the lead on the show.  Well, he's out of town, you know for a season or so. He was out of town Marcia Strossman. Yeah She shows up a lot of stuff and a lot of stuff and they went to james buccane and high You always have to go to a high school named after someone famous It's a law. Yeah, I guess I guess I didn't know we go to high school then did I and it wasn't at all like on room Two I went to a high school named after a vacuum cleaner. So Hi, we're in a dirt devil I don't know the cheers were horrible I People running into each other Anyway, you're gonna be a piece of dust, you know, that dirt now Tasmanian devils their mascot Well, we've just gone on and on we're we're way out here on the tangent now High school isn't anything like room 22 Let's move on here to white shadow. That's right Here's another show about a coach.  Yeah, say it ain't so it's true. Okay. I guess it is. You wear the toupee too He's really bald Now didn't know one of these kids off of this show What happened here? Was it one of the kids from room 22 room 222 went to this show or one of the kids from welcome But some some kid from one Show like this went on to another show like this I don't know and I've lost us. What was Lucas Tanner? Was he a school counselor? Well, let's find out that's another that's another fine school show actually another fine one And it had this kid that looked like an owl on it The English instructor a former baseball former baseball player and sports writer who turns to teaching after how to act Kills his wife and son. Oh, darn And of course he teaches at Harry S Truman memorial high school Any coach any coach? That sounds a lot like my high school Oh with the famous with of course david hartman before uh for gma. Good morning america Yeah All right when I remember about white shadow though I hardly remember the show but I do remember the satire that snl did the black shadow Which was a whole which was which was a white team of basketball players with a black coach and the idea was They the opening logo was he gets in trouble. They bail him out Incredibly stereotypical A lot like the white shadow was The the one okay on the white side of the one real big basketball player coolage wound up on st L square. Okay. There you go. Okay. There was the tie-in. Thank you very much. I by galley. I missed it Okay, well, I do want to mention square pegs even though hurry up real fast a little further than our point there It was like a really good show. It was a real good show There was another one that came out around that time and by galley. Who cares what it was Teachers did something it was teacher It was teachers only. That's what it was. I never watched it. I didn't like it Well g I guess we gotta say goodbye. That's right. We gotta now it's time to say good So next time We're gonna be talking about mary tyler more shows not not just her show But the whole mary tyler more universe mtm universe So uh, and look there's an address So if you want to complain about the show here it is He wanted to play to say you didn't mention paper chase Paper chase you want our paper chase there there paper chase it So for all of us advance ways land will see you next time. Good night everybody


Russian President Vladimir Putin launched a military operation in Ukraine with explosions heard across the country, and Ukraine's foreign minister warned of a full-scale invasion. Explosions rocked the Ukrainian capital, Kyiv, and air raids sounded for a second morning today. Now, as it was reported that Russian troops had advanced just 20 miles outside Kyiv, the development comes after weeks of intense diplomacy and the imposition of Western sanctions on Russia failed to deter Putin, who had massed over 150 troops, or 150,000 troops, I beg your pardon, along the borders of Ukraine. Now, Russia had demanded an end to NATO's eastward expansion, and said Ukrainian membership of the US-led Atlantic Military Alliance was unacceptable. Well, joining us to speak more on this is Justin Higgins, a former US policy advisor. Thank you so much, Justin, for joining us. Thank you for having me, Marianne. Great. So many people really didn't see this coming. A lot of people had envisaged that Russia might invade Ukraine, but they did not necessarily think that it was going to happen this soon, even though we saw the Russians advancing towards Ukraine. I spoke to a couple of people who actually still are surprised that Putin went ahead with this, but what are your thoughts so far? Well, I'm surprised that it's such a full-scale invasion, because a lot of people didn't think that President Putin would try and take over the whole country, even if it was temporarily. I think another thing that has been very surprising is the role of the media in the West to take Putin's propagandas and lies and promote them as truth. So one of those examples is Putin is saying that this attack is due to an expansion of NATO. That is not true. It could not be further from the truth. NATO is a defensive alliance. It has always been a defensive alliance. People have known behind closed doors and talking quietly that Ukraine was never going to join in an immediate fashion or even medium-term fashion. That was a long-term goal, 10, 20 years, maybe. Putin is invading, and it's a stark example of imperialism. He is killing men, women, and children to just gain some power for his country, and it is despicable. Now, many wonder why Vladimir Putin is so eager to invade Ukraine and to throw in Volensky, knowing that there are so many economic sanctions that will come. Or could it be that he had been planning this for ages, like many people have said, and he's ready for whatever sanctions will be coming? So I think it's both, Mary, and those are two good very points. First, he thinks that the United States isn't declined, which if you look at how the United States and the West has really rallied behind the United States, could not be further from the truth. Second, he has built up a storage of $650 billion in cash that he can use to withstand the pain of economic sanctions. And then third, he didn't want Ukraine to continue to get economic development, continue to try and create a better lives for them and their families through getting closer to the West. So he viewed it as sanctions won't hurt, number one. Number two, the West is weak. Number three, I need to act now or Ukraine will eventually be in the EU. And there will be nothing for me to be able to do to stop this. But we hear a protest across Russia, meaning that a lot of people are not necessarily on his side. But again, he's made people to believe that he's trying to save Ukraine. He's trying to bring them some sort of a good life. But that doesn't seem to be the case, as Russia has already lost about 450 soldiers as of today. Yes, well, Russia doesn't have shows like plus politics or CNN in their state. They don't have free and independent and critical media of the government. What they have in Russia is a large propaganda apparatus. So people in Ukraine are fed Putin-wise that Ukraine is filled with evil people and that Ukraine is going to at greff on Russia. And a lot of the people believe that. However, not everybody. Ukraine and Russia are very close culturally. Russian culture comes from Kiev in a lot of ways. In many Russians, most Russians don't want war. They don't want their sons dying on the battlefield.  Interesting. Let's look at some of the statements that Vladimir Putin has made, especially talking about other countries. He's warned, I'd like to quote him directly, that there will be severe consequences if anyone tried to get involved. But we also heard as yesterday that 7,000 troops were sent from the U.S. into Europe, even though we're not certain if they will turn to boots on the ground. So those will definitely not turn to boots on the ground. There will not be any NATO forces in Ukraine. That is full stop. That will not happen. What Putin is trying to warn against, and he's basically alluding to potential nuclear war for people that get involved in Ukraine, is he wants to prevent his most costly reality from coming true, which is the U.K., France, EU countries, Germany, the United States, setting up a long-term and robust counterinsurgency. That means giving Ukrainians who are fighting for freedom, who are fighting for economic development, who are fighting against imperialism the weapons they need, the medical supplies they need, the food they need to be able to kill as many Russians as possible and make it painful for Putin.  But the reason why his threats really won't work is Russia is much weaker than it was in 1963 when the United States stood up to Russia when Russia tried to invade Cuba and put nuclear weapons in Cuba. So we've done it in the past when Russia was a much stronger country. Now Russia is very much on the decline and we are very much more powerful than we were back then. So we will stand up to Putin and the U.S. Congress and President Biden will eventually send Ukraine the weapons that they need. So we're hearing more sanctions coming. We heard Boris Johnson with his own sanctions we heard the President of the United States yesterday. But in terms of international laws, President Biden had said that Putin here, in this case, is the aggressor, meaning that the people in Ukraine they just woke up to this invasion. So does all of what he's doing right now amount to war crimes? And will he be tried in that regard? Maybe in the future. I will leave that to the legal experts, but I do think that there is going to be a strong push from the UK, you mentioned Boris Johnson. I wouldn't be surprised if the United States also brought this case to the ICC, International Crime Court, and that Putin probably could be found guilty. And that's just the starters. The Western sanctions that you mentioned are financial. So in addition to bringing a case against Putin and maybe he's found guilty, he wouldn't be able to leave Russia again. So that's one thing that could happen. Number two that could happen is, Russia is a mafia state. It's not this democratic government. It's Putin and his thugs that are oligarchs. So the second form of sanctions could be to freeze all of the oligarchs assets in countries like the UK, United States. The third step could be not only to kick their kids out of Western schools, which needs to happen tomorrow, but kick their kids out of these countries. The fourth step could be ratcheting up financial sanctions. We need Germany and other EU countries to support kicking Russia off of Swiss. And then the fifth step- Germany we hear is dragging its feet. I mean, even the UK has been accused of taking so much money from these oligarchs. In fact, some of them even leave there. So is it going to be easy for them to swiftly get into action? No, and you're right. The UK should have acted, Marianne. They should have acted years ago. They should have clamped down on these oligarchs because the reason why it's going to be difficult is it will create some financial pain. Americans are ready. A recent poll showed that a majority of Americans are willing to pay a hefty price to support the democracy in Ukraine, even if that means higher gasoline prices at the pump. Germans don't appear to be ready. The government in Germany, it's disgraceful. It's despicable. They are worried more so about their very high, the highest standard of living, the best economy in Europe. They're worried more about that than actually fighting for democracy, fighting for people who are fighting for economic development and freedom. So it remains to be seen whether the German politicians are going to continue to be weak and put money over everything or whether or not they are going to actually stand up and do their responsibility, which is to hold Putin and Russia accountable. Now we hear that the Russians have, one way or the other, not necessarily been able to win the airports, which was their targets to take over. We saw that the Ukrainians fought really well to be able to keep the airports, but then it doesn't in any way mean that the Russians will stop advancing. Now, if we're talking about probability here, now if they were to take over Ukraine and one way or the other depose Volensky, does this mean that Ukraine will be on its own? Does this mean that the West has failed Ukraine? Being that they have been declaring their support in the past years for Ukraine and now Ukraine needs the West the most, but then we do not know, can we say that the West must have failed Ukraine? The West needs to provide more weapons today, not tomorrow. Russia has invaded with a third, so 50,000 of the 150,000 troops that you mentioned start the segment. If Russia were to put in all of their troops, they could take over Ukraine. That is a reality of the situation. It's unfortunate, but it would happen. In addition to that, the West would not have failed if the West basically supports the guerrilla warfare and freedom fighters in Ukraine that will remain. So if Russia were to take over Ukraine, that is not the end of the fighting. Ukrainians want their freedom. They will fight for a long, long time as long as they have food, they have medical supplies, they have weapons, they have gasoline, they have vehicles, they have intelligence. So that is incumbent upon the West to basically support these counterinsurgencies, these guerrilla warfighters that you see all throughout all of these different types of conflicts. And if Ukraine can keep it up for a year or two years with the support of the West, it will create enough dead Russians sent back to Russia in body bags where Putin will have to stop this invasion. So the West won't fail. The only way the West fails is if they do not support Ukrainian freedom fighters and Russia is able to essentially end the fight. Let's talk about the economics of this all.  Is it gonna really reverberate, especially for those who need gas? I mean, the UK, as we speak, is having the gas prices go to the roof and so many people are dying of cold because they're unable to pay for their gas and for their heating. So I don't know. Personally, I'm taking a more maximalist approach. I think that the UK, Germany, US, the sanctioned Russia gas and oil, I don't think that that is gonna happen. So there will be financial pain, markets will be hurt. As you saw, the Russian markets immediately dropped 33% two days ago. They rebounded 22% yesterday. Same thing happened with the United States markets not nearly as bad. I think we lost two or 3% and we've started to rebound. That is because the West does not want to put in these economic sanctions that target oil and gas. So there will be pain felt because as you know, this is happening everywhere all over Africa too. Supply change of stress, inflation is rising. So this type of conflict will exacerbate that but I don't see any type of global depression or any type of massive economic impact happening based on the unwillingness of the West to move forward with tough sanctions that are required. Let's talk about the legacy that Putin will be leaving for himself after all of this is done depending on which way it goes. I mean, many are plotting this. Some all others are frowning at it. But then there was a court released by the Daily Mail today by Professor Mark Galasti. I hope I got his name right. Now he's actually the Russian president's biographer and he did say that President Putin is not a mad despot as we all think he is, but that he's evil.  I would be scared to say that but then this is what he put out on the Daily Mail today. What legacy do we see Putin leaving behind and might this one way or the other threaten his presidency? So Mark Galasti is a very well-known, respected Putin historian, Russianologist. The legacy of Putin will be number one, a murderer. He's done this in 2008 in Georgia, 2014 in Ukraine. He's doing it again, killing innocent women, men and children for no other reasons than them wanting to not have to deal with imperialism. So that's number one. Number two though, if you take that aside, put that away for a second. His legacy is going to be making these Eastern European countries that weren't members of NATO, that were kind of in the middle between Russia and the United States, much closer to the United States. We can look at Sweden, we can look at Finland. They are now talking about potentially joining NATO. The support of Russia in those countries has plummeted. Look at what he's done to Ukraine before 2014. Ukrainians didn't really have ill will towards the Russian government or towards Russia. Now they do, they're fighting to the death to prevent Russia from influencing their country. President Zelensky, who's on the screen right now is very, very brave. That's because he has citizens that really hate Putin and hate the Russian government. So at the end of the day, that's going to be Putin's legacy is he made all of these Eastern European countries that were kind of in the middle between the United States and Russia. He's made them much closer to the United States and much closer to Western way of life. You said earlier on that, you spoke especially for the US saying that there might not be boots on the ground, but there are people who were saying that this might just become another world war. And I'm wondering, is this what the world needs right now? Yesterday, just before the Europa League game between, I think, Napoli and FC Barcelona, they held up a banner saying no war. A lot of people are really scared. I mean, and I know that, I mean, for Nigerians, Africans are being stuck right now in some bunkers or underground places in Ukraine and they're unable to leave that country because they're afraid that if they get into a flight or a plane, it might be shut down.  Well, there is never a guarantee, but as long as Putin doesn't attack NATO countries, I highly doubt that this becomes a full-scale war. You have other people who just want the United States and West to let Putin do what he's doing and not confront him. Those people, if they got their way, they would be living in a world that is just dark and controlled by authoritarian regimes like President Putin and President Xi in China because, Marianne, the reason why this is important, not only for the people in Ukraine, it's important for the people in Nigeria, the people in Kenya, the people in the United States because it sends a message to countries like China and countries like Russia. If you try and take over property or land, it's not yours. If you try and invade Taiwan, if you try and invade a place in Africa or a place in the United States, not only will there be a military consequence, but the Western world and countries that actually represent the rules of order, they will stand up and there will be a very, very yet unclear economic consequence for your invasion. Imperialism is not the way of the world anymore. So standing up to Ukraine shows these authoritarian leaders in other states that imperialism will have consequences. You tell me that standing up for Ukraine is sending a message, but is it really sending a message? Because I heard an argument today on London Radio where they were asking, do these sanctions really work? Because it doesn't seem like it's a deterrence of any sorts. We're seeing China and Hong Kong deal with the same issue. We're seeing Japan do the same thing with Taiwan just as you said. Are they really working? Because I'm really not sure if they are. Sanctions from one country alone will not work. Sanctions from the world, and we are just at the start of these sanction regimes. So if they do continue to get more difficult and tougher, and if Europe follows the lead of the United States and we work together, you see Japan, you see Taiwan, you see other countries in the Asia Pacific also joining these sanctions regimes. In a year, in two years, in three years, Russia's economy will be decimated. So that's the long-term goal. But how many people have to suffer before these sanctions begin to work? I'm just being realistic here. We've seen fathers, you know, separated, men separated from their families, from the ages of 18. We saw the martial law in Ukraine. So the women and the children were allowed to go into hiding, but the men were all given arms to fight. But then how many lives have to be lost for these sanctions to really gain grounds or, you know, force something to happen or force the hands of these dictators? Well, the way to force the hand of these dictators, Marianne, where the bully you don't negotiate, you punch them in the face to get them off your back, is to give Ukrainian stingers that advance US military weaponry so that they can shoot down helicopters and planes. It's to give them javelin so that they can continue to shoot down tanks. It's to arm them. It's to give them medical supplies. It's to give them food. It's to give them the equipment that they need to kill as many Russians as possible for as long as possible. That is the way to get Russia to back off immediately. The sanctions, even if Russia backs off, they're gonna be here. They're gonna be here for years. So Russia will feel this pain three, four, five years down the line, but I agree with you. You can't just do sanctions. You need to also give Ukrainians the ability to kill as many Russians as possible, as quickly as possible in a sustainable manner. And that is what the West and the US needs to do. If they don't do that, then they're failing Ukraine. Well, Justin Higgins is a former US policy advisor. Thank you so much. Always a pleasure to have you. Thank you, Marianne. All right. Well, thank you all for staying with us on the show as we round off the show tonight. Here are the highlights of the week on Plus Politics. We will return next week, Monday, as we talk for development. I am Marianne Akon. Have a good evening. We did not publish the third largest ethnic group in the country, which are the egos. I think for equity, fairness, and justice, regardless of where I'm from, I would like to see a South Eastern president march. I believe it's going to create a lot of calm. It's going to give a lot of people the belief that we are running an entity called Nigeria that every single block matters. And the affairs and the concerns of every single block matters. The agitations that we see across the country, especially in the Southwest, is nothing but the fact that they feel like they're not part of Nigeria. And that is why every single day, people talk about leaving this country or trying to succeed from this country, even though there's no clear plan on how they're going to do it. In my opinion, one of the best ways that we can resolve these kinds of agitations is to allow everybody have a essay on the table. The party is the United because of the attitude and the motives of the United of the Unitesable Transportation. Ezeca has no problem with anybody. Nobody has anyone with him. We have this problem with the Unitesable Transportation, whose motive is very important. If he decides to correct himself and come to the negotiating table, then everything will be okay. It doesn't lie in the mouth of Ezeca So call for that. The commission, as a commission, does not have the constitutional and legal virus to postpone the 2023 election. This is because Section 132, Subsection 2 and Section 170K, Subsection 2 of the constitution have already been ruled the period within which the country must conduct the election. And going by that particular profession, the independent national electoral commission is not permitted to conduct the election earlier than 30th day of December, 2022 and not later than 29th day of April, 2023. So this particular period is immovable. This particular period is cast in stone and nobody can change it. So nobody can postpone any election in Nigeria beyond the 29th day of April. But the commission is giving the power to appoint a date for the voting of the election within this particular constitutional window. In other words, the commission can fix any election from the 30th of December up to the 29th of April, 2023. So that is our right. Under Section 132, Subsection 1 of the constitution and under Section 178, Subsection 1 of the constitution. So we cannot judge the date for the voting of the election but we cannot postpone any election. We have a body young shall grow many years in Nigeria. So these leaders today were leaders even when they were in their prime age. But even in these schools, they still want to remain leaders. So what about the children they get fast to? What about their grandchildren? What about the other young children? See young people in Nigeria who have skills, who have leadership ability, who are actually showing that leadership in this one area of their end sequence. Why don't we give them opportunity to go higher? You see, we are completely, even down within the morale of the young people making it look as if, if you're a young man, you cannot be anything, you cannot eat, you cannot go to the discussion, you cannot go to every decision making. So we are not in current defense to move on. The young people need to see deliberately that government is willing to give them space, government is giving them more and more opportunities so that they will come and show what is the position in them. So I see them, many of them already. The only thing is that they've never gotten the opportunity. So they were already frustrated with the effort to do the job that they have applied in more than 30, 50 cases and there is nothing. So sometimes because of the position, you hear them saying things that if you don't understand where they are coming from, you may judge them wrongly. Some of them have actually gone to school, you know, the pressure they went through, give them money to pay school fees and after school, there is nothing to offer. So sometimes when you see them, we are asking, they are only reacting to the situation. Give them the opportunity and you will see them extra because they are really doing it in benefit.


Welcome. This is Melissa Arma with Soxswitch Review in the Market. Beautiful calling me in the market. I mean absolutely gorgeous. Gorgeous calling the market. We're running right up. I mean a dream target for all the multiple options trades I've called in the market. Here's $2.80 for the spy. I mean we're close enough this today. $2.41. We'll probably run up to three o'clock. Again pushed right over the 200-period moving average. It was nothing. Binds coming into the market. I called the New Year's Eve rally. We rallied up every sense. I said we get over the 200-period moving average. I said we continue. Sign of strength in the market here today to gap down and reverse. Flipped over yesterday's high which was Friday. The market is nonstop. The market is getting bought. The market never broke the uptrend. The market never broke the uptrend. What a great rally. And again every trade that I've called, every option trade I've called in the market in 2019 has been positive. And not only that, they've been huge winners if you held the trades.  So nice move up in here. We'll see where we close today. $20.00 of $3.00. I don't know. We could run up to $3.00. We could run up to $3.15. We could run up to $4.00. At this point you've got to take a look at your trade when you say that you're up and you say, you know what? I'm up. This is good money. This is great profit. I did amazing. Boom. And you get out of it. Really nice move in here. A lot of momentum. We still could be higher tomorrow. We'll see. Today's only Tuesday. Wednesday, Thursday, Friday. But the FOMC minutes for tomorrow. I really don't know if anyone should be hedging their bets holding any trades through that. But you could get out of half, hold half.  Anyway, it's good luck, everyone. If you're interested in the Golden Gap class, want to learn how I make calls like this and call the market, email me at elissathestockswish.com. Next class is this weekend, February 23rd and 24th. Have a great day.


I'm going to be talking this morning about a patient that was seen in neuro-ophthalmology clinic with Dr. Warner. Dr. Warner's here. Well, hopefully she'll be in at some point. So the patient had the diagnosis of ocular neuromitonia, which I'm giving it away kind of at the beginning, but the story is pretty straightforward. He's a 57-year-old bookstore manager. He came in as a referral. His chief complaint was that his eyes were not tracking well. And this happened three or four years prior where he noticed the left eye had infrequent episodes initially of crossing inward. They don't last very long, only 30 to 90 seconds. He has a sensation during these episodes that he can't close his left eye. He says it feels really tight. And he's noticed that it seems to happen when he's looking in the mirror either combing his hair or shaving his right sideburn, not his left sideburn. This is right. Oh, it's terrible. This is out here. They're pretty symmetric. But he was a really observant gentleman. So he took that to mean that it happened either when he looked up or looked to the right. And that's what he came in and told us. And then these episodes had occurred much more frequently since that time. So up to the point when we saw him there happening up to 15 times each day. In between episodes, this has been starting to occur where his left upper eyelid has been droopier and droopier over the years. He has also noticed that his left eye doesn't elevate well. That's just been in the last year, even when this is not going on. And even between episodes, he started to have vertical deplopia. And this is both in primary and up gaze. It goes away in down gaze. Someone put him in prisms and that didn't really seem to help. And he doesn't have any. The vision is good with each eye. So he doesn't have any complaints about that. Molecular history is just significant for my open astigmatism. His medical history is interesting. He's had a pituitary adenoma. This was diagnosed in 1985 on the basis of acromegaly symptoms. So he actually went in and had grown a shoe size and a half in about a month and thought that was strange and mentioned it to his doctor. And along with some other symptoms was diagnosed with pituitary adenoma. Never had any visual field abnormalities. He's had visual field tests in the past. So it wasn't a very big one causing any mass effect. It was just causing some hormonal effects. And because of that he had an initial transfenoidal resection which wasn't successful and they went back in a month later and just did a craniotomy and did a gross total resection. But because of a small recurrence he ended up having subsequent external beam radiation a year later. And then since that time has been fine he hasn't had any recurrences either on imaging or with surveillance hormonal lab work and he hasn't had any subsequent symptoms either until what's going on now. Other than the pituitary issues just depression and arthritis he takes medications including replacement pituitary hormones and then the rest of these are either just supplements or for the arthritis. On exams vision is good in each eye. He has a little bit of anisocorrhea where the left pupil is larger but no APD. Color vision is normal. Serovision is pretty good. Normal pressure, it's not proptotic. He does have left upper eyelid ptosis with a decreased levator function. 12 millimeters in the left compared to the normal on the right. And his muscle balance exam shows that he has a left 12 prism after left hypotropia and an 8 prism after exophoria. This is in primary gaze and we couldn't test it in different gaze directions because it would cause him to go into dysspasm which changes his measurements drastically so this was just in primary gaze. His motility was full in both eyes except for a minus 3 deficiency of elevation in the left eye and he had signs of aberrant regeneration because when he looked down his left upper eyelid retracted. We'll see that some on the video. So this is what happens on right gaze. I think this was... We started the video right after he went into dysspasm so he had a little exophoria normally but when this video starts he'll already have a little bit of an iso. And look to your right. And so you can see that now he has a little... That was there before the deficiency of up gaze but now that he's in the spasm he has a new deficiency of abduction in the eye and much more deficiency of elevation and also this left upper lid retraction which wasn't there before and that explains the sensation of him having difficulty closing his eye during these spasms and now he's a little isotropic. Ignore that handsome guy in the mirror. I'm going to show that one more time. So the main things here before he was exophoric now he's iso and before he had left upper lid ptosis and now he has left upper lid retraction and a deficiency of abduction which wasn't there before. So this is just kind of what I just showed. Left upper lid elevation, infraduction and adduction of left eye are kind of what composes this spasm. What it results in is an isotropia from what was an exophoria. Greater restriction of up gaze, restriction of abduction which wasn't present before and notably there was no change in his pupils when this spasm occurs. So we diagnosed him with partial left third nerve palsy even in between episodes with aberrant regeneration. That video didn't really show. He has some left upper lid retraction on down gaze and the differential diagnosis and then left ocular motor neuromyotonia which is a differential diagnosis of that or of the two in combination includes a cyclic isotropia ocular motor paralysis with cyclic spasm. Not superior to bleak my camera doesn't really look like this but I included it on there too in my senior grabbis. I'm going to go through each one of these and talk about why this is neuromyotonia that the features really fit best with neuromyotonia. This is an episodic condition. It's spontaneous or induced by various gaze positions and it can occur years after whatever injury or insult that causes it which we'll talk about. It only rarely involves the pupil as opposed to ocular motor paralysis with cyclic spasm which always involves the pupil and this really happens in the first year of life. You never have with this condition normal ocular motor function in between the spastic episodes whereas in neuromyotonia you could have totally normal function of that cranial nerve in between the tonic episodes. Superior bleak myocymia doesn't look like this but if you had a patient with a fourth nerve neuromyotonia there might be some overlap on the exam. The big difference there is that the patients with myocymia have symptoms of oscilopsia and microtrimor present on exam in addition to the vertical deviation in the plopia which may also be present with neuromyotonia. Cyclic isotropia also develops during childhood and consequently they don't usually have the plopia and they don't have signs of cranial neuropathy in between their episodes and their cycles are more on the order of hours to days whereas neuromyotonia is like seconds to minutes. Myocinic grabs don't look like anything but the important thing here is that there's no pupil involvement which with some of these other things there can be. So ocular neuromyotonia fits best with what this patient has. It's previously been reported in only 45 patients since 1966 and we already talked about it's characterized by periods of sustained involuntary contraction of one or more, usually one, extracular muscles caused by spontaneous excitation of the nerves that control those muscles. The definitions here are important because neuromyotonia is a pretty specific entity. So myotonia is described as just a delay in muscle relaxation after a voluntary contraction and that's from a muscle membrane disorder. Neurotonia is the same thing except that's from an actual nerve disorder so you have repetitive neural discharges and then neuromyotonia is neurotonia but just accompanied by instead of just delayed relaxation it's accompanied by actual excessive contraction either small contractions, fibrillations and fasciculations or an entire muscle group or an entire extracular muscle. A recent review of all the reported cases in the literature showed that in terms of ocular neuromyotonia the most commonly affected cranial nerve is the third nerve followed by the sixth and the fourth and then the most commonly reported association or causes depending on how you want to look at it are prior cranial irradiation in almost half of the cases which our patient had and then a lot of other things that could potentially cause injury but not complete death of that cranial nerve and then rarely there have been reported patients who have neuromyotonia without any identifiable prior cause and then our patient's cause we thought was prior cranial irradiation and this is just a couple of representative images from his MRI scan which he had done just a several months prior to our exam this is an axial T2 just showing the course the subarachnoid course of the third nerves here there wasn't any tumor or mass effect on the nerves visible on the scans and then post contrast axial and chronal images showing enhancement of the third nerves on both sides and that enhancement was just thought to be due to the prior irradiation he didn't have any other signs of an active meningio process going on pathophysiology we don't really know but the prior electromyographic studies point toward this being a neurogenic disorder rather than a myogenic disorder the theories are based on either this being a peripheral nerve origin or a central or nuclear origin and I'm going to focus on the peripheral nerve origin based on the fact that I think it makes a little more sense this paper down here described a possible mechanism of how this may occur based on theories of what happens in peripheral nerves after an injury there's three things that have been described to happen in peripheral nerves after an injury this emphatic transmission is crosstalked between adjacent axons so instead of the impulse going this way it actually into another neuron it actually can crosstalk between adjacent axons and nerves that have been damaged reflection or antidromic conduction is just the impulse traveling the wrong way up the nerve after injury and then proximal sprouting or branching of axons describes just what it sounds like you have in the process of re-growing the axon they can come off more proximal and you end up with multiple axons coming off in parallel and what that can cause is it can set up this so if you have the ability to have the impulse travel the opposite direction and you have multiple axons crosstalk with each other then you can set up this reverberating circuit that's similar to what's seen in cardiac re-entry tachycardia like in Wolf-Parkinson white and that can just cause a really amplified intense signal that when it is transmitted to the muscle can cause a sustained contraction and delayed relaxation and this is I think supported a little bit by the fact that in a lot of these patients who have had cranial nerve injury they can have aberrant regeneration which can also be explained by this proximal axon sprouting going to a different location and there's been a lot of patients who including our patient with neuromyotonia who have been described to have aberrant regeneration also so that supports I think this possible mechanism treatment, carbamazepine has worked well on a lot of patients as well as other anti-epileptic drugs the membrane carbamazepine is a sodium channel blocker and most other anti-epileptic medications are membrane stabilizing medications and that also supports the pathophysiology that we talked about there was one patient that was reported in the British Medical Journal last year who actually had ocular neuromyotonia and found relief from no medications and the only thing that ever helped her was wearing these goggles which she stole from her grandson these are Bob the Builder goggles which Bob the Builder actually doesn't wear goggles I don't know where that came from but they were described as Bob the Builder goggles and the authors thought that so she had the her neuromyotonia was induced by lateral gaze and they thought that because she tried other goggles she tried swimming goggles and you know goggles and this was the only thing that worked and so she just wore this around so they thought that it blocked enough of her peripheral vision that she didn't have the impulse to look to the side and then she didn't go into the spasm so she just walked around wearing these all the time so in conclusion and so our patient we started on I think we recommended starting gabapentin and I don't know if he's been seen in follow up yet or not but Dr. Warner says no so in conclusion it's a particular neuromyotonia it's an uncommon but pretty unmistakable condition when you see it it doesn't really look like anything else occasionally I think maybe if you had a fourth nerve neuromyotonia it could overlap a little bit with myokimia but the features of this are pretty different than a lot of other things that you might mistake it for the associations are usually with things that injure or irritate cranial nerves and therefore these patients deserve neuroimaging most commonly inspired or radiation and they can be successfully treated with anti-epileptic medications or goggles or builder goggles so I'd like to thank the patient for letting me video him external beam radiation for making this possible and the neuro-ophthalmology faculty both for helping with this presentation and for everything this is my last neuro-ophthalmology presentation and I also just wanted to yeah it's terrible and it happens yeah can you see impaired abduction with that also I mean if there is a spasm any other questions or comments no just you know for your information only September 3rd in Missouri State Younger, Handsomer President, Governor Clinton


And now I'm going to use these items to do a side-by-side comparison. So let's start it out with just like December and then I want to compare November and December. So I could then take the total of just December, which is 120122 to 123122, run it. Now I've got one month's worth of data and then I'm going to go up top and say let's take the prior period, which will be November. Notice you got to be a little careful because you want to make sure that you're comparing month to month and the months are not even in days. So it might try to compare like 30 days to 30 days as opposed to a month that has 31 days versus 30 days for example. Run it and I'm going to run it again because it didn't it didn't click. And so now we've got December the most current period and then the prior period November next to it. And then of course the natural thing to do here we could imagine having a total that would say this is how much I earned in December and November, November and December. But that's not what we're looking for here. We're looking for the difference this time. So now I'm going to say all right what's the difference between those two change in dollar amount, run it, run it again because it didn't go and there it is. So now we've got our difference column which is quite common. And then we might want our percentage change percentage change run it and run it again. That's our horizontal analysis similar to what we saw on the balance sheet. Horizontal analysis will basically be taking let's just take a line item here like a income. So here's my income. We're taking the 3819.8 minus the 4526.72 a different