I'm with Gary Bean of New Vision Concepts and he's got some products for people with macular degeneration. How are you doing today? I'm doing quite well. Thank you. All right. I see, I didn't tell you ahead of time this is an audio podcast but some people will see video. But remember to describe everything for people who aren't seeing. I understand. Sort of like they've got macular degeneration maybe. I understand. I can do that. I've done that in interviews before. All right. So, I see a bunch of keyboards. I see a camera. I see a display. What are we doing here? My company, New Vision Concepts writes software and in general it's replacement software. You would stop using programs that you've been using in the past and use programs that I've written because they're easier to see and easier to use. The display that you see here which consists of a camera, a computer and several keyboards is just the vehicle that I use to deliver my software. I buy these hardware items from somewhere else. It's not something that I personally have created but I've chosen them because they're compatible with my software. I've got to say the keyboard on the right, each button is about an inch across. It looks like it'd be really fun to type on. Well, and that keyboard in particular is for people who hunt and peck. If you're a good typist, you want a keyboard where the keys are in the right spot and the keyboard here on the left that's a high contrast color keyboard is the right one. Oh, interesting. Yeah, but you can really read those letters. Those are jumping out of you. They're bright yellow keys with giant black letters on them. Yes, that's right. The keyboard on the far right is the same color scheme but it has physically bigger keys. They're like an inch square and so it's a lot easier for a person with macular degeneration to find the key they want and not miss the key that they want. Yeah, more brilliant. They make fewer mistakes. Exactly. So you've written software that you're running on a PC here and by the way, we asked about it. It's in PowerBasic, right? It is. We're kind of a nerd audience but you've got a camera. I don't quite see what the camera is doing here. All right. At the moment the camera is doing nothing. In general, if I turned the camera's software on, it would display what's under the camera on the screen and you would be able to magnify it to any level that you wanted. You would be able to do OCR to extract the text from whatever the image is. You'd be able to take snapshots. This is kind of interesting. So I've seen the big displays where you've got kind of, well I think of like an old microfiche but most kids today don't know what that is but a flat platform, you put a book down or a magazine and then you, it's projected on the big screen but what you've got here is a tiny little camera mounted on a tiny little arm. That's correct. It does the same function that you just described. So for example, do you want me to demonstrate that? Yes. So if I touch, let me do a quick description first. My EasyReader software, I have 75 different applications. I display a limited number of them on a bar across the bottom of the screen with big icons, roughly an inch square. So of the 75 apps, the ones that are there now are the ones I consider most people would want to use on a regular basis. I'm guessing that's a spreadsheet and a word processor, the first two things. A grid of boxes and a T, did I guess? Bad guess. Oh. The T in this case is TeamViewer. When my low vision customers need help, me being able to see and control their PC is very important. So I have a TeamViewer option. The button on the left is the off button.  The second button is the one that shows you all of my apps in one screen. Oh, okay. This is all 75, and it's not suitable for low vision people having that much stuff on one screen, which is why I have a bar across the bottom that only has, it's a launch pad for just the most important applications. My customers can still go to that big image and run any application of mine, but typically they operate off this. So they would configure it to the apps they use the most, like their mail program or whatever. And I would help them do that. No, it's probably not their mail program, it's your mail program. My mail program. So let's do, let's start with the camera, since you asked about that. There's a button down here that's supposed to look like a camera. All of my apps are single click. Low vision people struggle sometimes with depth perception, and so double tap is bad. So you click on it once. By the way, this is the one inch icons he's talked about. It's on a touchscreen PC, so he's able to just tap this giant one inch button of a camera. Correct. There's a mouse if you want, and I have keyboard shortcuts as well for people who prefer to go that route. So we don't have this quite a line. Let me take this piece of paper and move it in the right spot. So he's got a piece of paper that's as big as better, low cost is better yet. And he's got the camera facing down at it, and now it's a couple inches tall on the screen. So all he does is take what's there, and it puts it on the screen and magnifies it. If you want to make it bigger, there are several ways you can do it. There are some icons across the top, which say plus or minus, bigger or smaller. Or you can simply touch the screen, and it'll jump up in size as well. Each time you touch it, it gets bigger, and there's a button to press to take it back to no magnification. And at the 90% level, that's what my customers want out of a camera. Yeah, yeah. And again, you only had to ever touch anything once. That's right. That's right. It's the mantra for my product is easy to see and easy to use. And what you're seeing is how easy it is to use. We haven't looked at text much. I'll show you the easy to see here in a second. All of my programs may have multiple rows of icons, meaning there are more commands that are available to you. So rather than have one really big, long toolbar. So everything gets real teeny. And that's exactly right. All of my apps have a button you can press, where a new row of icons appears. So in this case, here's a button to do a snapshot. And here's a button to take the text out of the image and OCR conversion. Here's one. My software can do a real-time conversion of video to two colors. So for example, if I press that button, I can change the color. This is the real time. Each time he's touching it, it's going from it. Right now, he's got a blue background with yellow letters.  That's right. I just cycle through pre-assigned sets of colors. And the user can change those colors if they want. Now, from my understanding, one of the interesting aspects of back to the generation is different people can see different color contrasts better than other. That's exactly right. Out of my customer base, a good number of them like white letters on black background, about another half of them like the yellow letters on blue background. My mother used to use yellow on blue. If you go to one optometrist, every optometrist that I've talked to will tell you a different set of colors as to what they think is the best. But in the end, it's whatever the customer decides that they want. So my camera can do that. But in general, I have found that my customers tend to like the normal colors, whatever the color of the object is, as opposed to the binary color mode that I just showed you. Interesting. OK. But it's available if they do want it. It is available if they want it. People use this. They get mail-in letters from whatever, email bills. Or they put books under the camera, and they read the books while it's under the camera. I'm just astonished at how great this is working with such a small camera. Well, the resolution of this camera is not much different than some of the ones you talked about. 1920 by 1080 is the HD resolution. This particular camera is actually Quad HD, which means it has four 1920 by 1080 quadrants. The good thing about that is is that this camera can zoom in to about 4 to 6x with almost no distortion. The holy grail for cameras is an optical zoom, no distortion at any magnification. But those cameras can cost well over $1,000. So the lower-cost cameras use a digital zoom capability. And those that have this high-resolution sensor give a better magnification without distortion. That makes sense. So let me ask you what you actually sell here. So we've got a touchscreen PC. It looks like it's an HP and a camera and a couple of keyboards. Do you sell a set of all this with including the software? Or they can buy the software. They can get the camera, the computer, the keyboards. There's some speakers back there and my software for $35.50. That's not bad. Not bad at all. And if they have their own computer that they would rather use it on, they can buy just my software for $15.50. Wow. Regardless of how they buy it, they get free lifetime support, free upgrades. And we joke because I'm $70. So lifetime support means my lifetime. That's right. So we want to send you some fruits and vegetables. That is right. That is right. So the camera is a very, there are four things my people tend to want. They like the camera. That's in the top three. They like a book reader. My software can import books from Kindle. And you can read those on screen. No. That's cool. It's very cool. It's one of the major reasons people buy my software. So I'm going to, this is the icon for the book. I'm going to open it up. And here's a book called Golden Prey. It's a Kindle book from John Sanford. And once you have it open, it works very much like a phone might look. You can use your finger to wander through the book to scroll. You can use your fingers to change the font size. Some of my people don't handle the gestures that well. And so for them, I provide icons like a plus or minus that will let them increase and decrease the size. Macadregeneration tends towards people as we get older. And we also lose dexterity and feeling in our fingers. That's true. So those two things going together would make the buttons seem to use. That's right. The finger problem is not from Macadre degeneration. It's just a product of age. And so my people tend not to be able to double click. They have some difficulty scrolling. And so these buttons that are across the top are kind of the best compromise of them all. Yeah. Yeah. This is very interesting. Now, another thing about all of my Easy Reader programs is that it can read the content to you. So for example, if you're in this book and you wanted it to start reading right there, you would press the button. And there's a button across the top that says Play. It starts playing. It underlines. It's lighter off the fireplace mantle. And walk. Do you have a choice of voices? You do. You can have a male or female voice. I've had several people ask me recently about other voices. And I'll probably be adding some to that. Yeah. Most of my customers. Some of the natural language voices are really getting there. Well, zero of my customers have asked for a new voice. Interesting. I have found that the people at this conference are more knowledgeable of what's possible. And so while my 85-year-old client may have no idea of what questions to ask, you folks, people here, have asked me a lot more technical questions. Yeah. Interesting. Yeah. But we might not know what they need. We know the tech side. But we might not know what they actually need. Well, that's right. So all of my programs look just like this. If you've got a consistent interface across all of them. We probably have time for one more. All right. This is my email client. This is like the third most important program to my people. It looks very much like the book reader. It's got an icon row across the top. It's got minimal content. Minimal content on every page is a big deal. Macular degeneration people cannot extract information if there's too much stuff on one screen. Microsoft Outlook is a perfect example of the worst application. I use it personally. It's great. But it has so much stuff. And it's so small. And the color sequences are so poor that you need something different. So I wrote a different email client. In my case, this is just a quick outlook. And said, let's do it the opposite of that. Yep. So as an example, if you wanted to read an email, there's a button you press to download your email. Once you have a list of emails, you can view it by just pressing a button. Here's the entire email, which you can scroll just like it was a book.  And read it for you. Wow. This is really, really interesting. So the company is called New Vision Concepts. The software is called Easy Reader. Correct. Where would somebody go to find out more? Well, I have a website, newvisionconcepts.com. In Texas, where I'm located, I have my products on display at some of the low vision centers. There are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 in Texas. And I have one in Tampa Bay, Florida. Where in Texas? Two in Dallas, two in Austin, and one in San Antonio. Very good. Well, thank you very much. It was really nice to meet you, Gary. Well, I appreciate you coming by and asking the questions.


Let me ask you a question. Would you change your decision to take a trip if a trusted friend or family member told you about dangers, abuse, exploitation you might face along the way? We know from decades of field work around the world that many migrants leave home with little or inaccurate information about the journey ahead. The consequences of that information gap are obvious and well documented. West African migrants consistently identified other migrants, particularly friends and family members, as trusted sources of information. We needed a way to harness those voices and the result is Migrants as Messengers campaign. Migrants as Messengers is a unique peer-to-peer communications campaign that uses a participatory design approach to inform migrants about the risks of irregular migration so that they can make informed decisions. The campaign's innovative approach put the power of a mobile film studio in the hands of returnees who were trained to interview their peers about their experiences as irregular migrants. The results were a catalog of over 5,000 powerful and highly personal stories from trusted voices in a half a dozen languages and dialects that were shared widely across social media, radio and at dozens of community events in Senegal, Nigeria and Guinea. The scientific evaluation of the campaign in Senegal found the approach made a significant impact on public attitudes and perceptions about irregular migration among young people. Our impact evaluation learned they were better informed about the risks and opportunities of migration and that one in five was less likely to expose themselves to the dangers of irregular migration. The impact evaluation proves that in the fluid context of migration this particular approach which places migrants at the core of peer-to-peer communications actually works and should be replicated in other contexts. To learn more check out the impact evaluation report of Migrants as Messengers campaign today.


No, chief. No, why why'd you pull? We're on worthy. No, who pulled details first hit question mark Wait, I did it. No, I didn't think that would do it. What did you do? I tapped out. I tapped out. I'm sorry I ran it by accident. I Wasn't even far in Miss Kiff if that ever happens again, we're gonna have words. Okay. Okay guys Listen up. I have spent the last six hours Constructing at the greatest raid team ever known to mankind.  That's it. We go. This is not the time to be dancing This is not a joke, dude. This isn't party time. This is serious time.  Let's go. Okay letting everyone know I'm all in on doubt on channel points. What no, okay? We're pulling we're gonna pull five four three two one Okay, give tanks a little bit of time to get threat Okay, miss give is dead be ready be ready. No, no, no be rest. Okay. This guy's going all over the place Okay, so did you not get a heel?  I'm taking I'm taking I'm taking I picked him up. Okay. I'm dead.  That is literally not my fault. Hold on. I think you didn't get a heel. Okay, let's run it back Let's run it back guys Listen sometimes we fall so that we have an opportunity to get back up sometimes Get out of here be listen sometimes You have adversity that strikes and what do you have to do whenever adversity strikes? You have to come back Like like a muscle you get broken down you get torn down. Why you get built up. You come back stronger miss Miss this is not miss Let's kill the boss make sure you get kicks on polymorphs. Okay. Good job.  Okay, so we killed one of them So that was a that was a doomed run because our mage died. Ask what happened Maulgar cleaved. Oh Maulgar cleaved you running over. Okay. I'll make sure it doesn't happen next time And if I have to I'll be resin miss kiff if if that ever happens again We're gonna have words. Okay. That was entirely your fault. Just go again five four three two one Okay, here we go Give me a little bit of time to do some threat. I'm fine. Okay. You're good. No, it's perfect. Okay. Good kick good kick Down skulls down. We're good. Okay. Now we're gonna get on X. Nice. Okay next Melee is gonna get on Triangle range get on square melee on triangle ranged on square Okay, run away from the whirlwind Okay, wait three more seconds for the whirlwind ranged finish cross range finish cross. Yeah, this is good Okay, so now everybody on Maulgar everybody on Maulgar. Good. Okay. This is it all downhill from here Isn't it all uphill all whatever. I don't know what it is Nice very very good Wait, you didn't put it on master. Oh, I didn't put on master loot. Whoops. Here. He is chat. Look at him Grew the dragon killer. Okay. Go ahead and get your food buffs out. I'll start explaining Grew the dragon killer look at him Look at him chat.  Okay, I don't like bullies around here That's why we got to take him out. This is what we are going to be doing on this boss Everybody runs in and you need to spread out. You need to get a good nice even spread on this boss because what happens around gruel's is that he Basically slams the ground constantly rocks will fall from the sky So as these rocks fall from the sky you take a lot of a we damage you need to run out of it Rocks bad run away from rocks unless you're me because I'm gonna take some bonus damage And I'm gonna get some heels and I'm gonna get some mana back and also What we need to be doing is we need to be ready to avoid the shatter every so often He slams the ground boom everybody gets knocked away He turns your body into stone and then he shatters you and everybody within 18 yards takes some damage Progressively 11 yards. I think is max damage 18 yards is the least amount of damage try and avoid as much Distance from as many people as possible so that way we don't have a big shatter And we don't have people get an AoE to bunch and we have everybody die sometimes things just kind of happen Well, you okay, so anyway as I was saying we need to make sure to avoid.  We're on worthy. No, who pulled details first hit question mark. What I did it. No, I didn't think that would do it What did you do? I tapped out. I tapped out. I'm sorry. I ran it by accident Okay, run it back. I wasn't even far in look that may look that may work on Maya that doesn't work on me Miss it's not okay. Okay, everybody open trade with miss kiff miss kiff. Oh is everybody too gold for repairs Oh my what Maya leave literally nobody invited you. This is our raid lockout. This is our raid lockout Why are you here? You're not saved to our instance. What is your raid ID Maya? We are 11 0 6 7 5 0 1 5 What does that mean? That means you're not invited. This is our treehouse open up trade I'll give you each 10 gold.  Are you sorry? miss Missy whizzy. I'm a communist Wow, you really were hanging out with the son a lot. This is not communism. This is capitalism Okay, you waste their time you have to pay for their damages, which you're used to after breaking your mods arm and Miss can get some pants on at least can I stop doing this? No, you owe everybody burning elf already went in line get away Okay, no burning elf. You already had your two gold. Okay, don't take advantage of the system This is why communism doesn't work.   Let's make sure we're all buffed up and let's pull. Okay. You ready? Yes Okay, go go go miss How do I pull you got so close to it? Yeah, you were you were in front of everybody else in the rain move that'll res me that'll res me Okay, so make sure you're away from other people range check 18 yards range check range check range check three two One as much as possible first shatter. Okay. That was brutal only had two deaths though Don't stand in the rocks. Don't stand in the rocks. Don't stand in the rocks. Okay. He's gonna do the shatter soon Okay, range check range check range check three two. This is a pretty bad one Okay, not terrible actually not terrible. I'm actually doing really good so far. Keep it up guys Okay ground slam goes out Okay We were really close to each other that's really close Okay, Zafoid Zafoid is next and then ask and then me so I'm running out I'm running out because it's gonna hit me. I'm backing out until you have a little bit more threat. Oh, Ken's dead Okay, mmm trying to get anything.  Okay, this is dead.  Hey, that was a real a Really good first attempt really really good first attempt You've got to hurry up because my ADHD is gonna kick in and I'm gonna keep jumping you get closer. Okay, let's uh Let's pull in 10 seconds wisdom and light judgment of wisdom judgment of life on the boss To we should be ready to go Give it a couple seconds for the threat. Okay threats looking good Okay, we can go ahead and let it rip. Okay, he's gonna ground slam after this ground slam We're gonna separate for the shatter separate separate separate run away separate Okay, great job get back on the boss. Let's go ahead and heros him now. Okay separate separate separate Four three two one Good stuff keep it up keep it up keep it up. We're getting up close to 20% We're close to execute range 22k damage 8% here. We're gonna finish right here. We can finish right here 4% 3 Okay, if we can survive the shatter.  Let's check the loot dude. Hey It's a real simple chat look at this You see this this is gruel We know who we are chat where Espen's random pug that he put together at 10 o'clock at night What's misgift the gruel slayers?  It only took us two attempts That's something to be proud of that's what it takes Adversity you guys saw the first two pulls we had immediate wipes. What happened?  Of course his pants have been dropping for the last 15 years. Okay, let's see what dropped What is this trash loot gauntlets of the dragon slayer cowl of nature's breath? Where's my where's the path?   This is male. You can't wear male.  That's when I thought you said you're gonna reserve all drew gear. No, I never said that Why didn't you say that because I was reserving all the paladin gear? Congratulations everybody on the loot except for me and miss who got no loot today. Yeah, I'm getting off I'm done this game.  Yeah Alright see miss great job everyone was super fun. Thanks for coming. Sorry. It took so long to get started I had to stall for two hours so miss could finish his stream I may do a Mac there it on pug on Monday Mac there on is much much more difficult and we may try to kill Mac there it on on Monday anyways guys Thank you so much for joining me today YouTube Instagram enjoyed my Twitter twitch Discord everything as SFan TV. I'm glad you guys had a good time today. I had a blast today Maybe I'll do more stuff like this in the future do do some more viewer pugs and stuff like that rust also starts on Monday So maybe maybe I'll play some rust. I don't know. We'll see what happens


Because looking at the mountains here we've got snow on the mountains. It was minus two degrees coming over the crown range It's about one degree here this morning. So it's very crisp, but hey, no wind. Lakes very very calm So we've got to go across the lake and into the entrance of the Matukitok Which is about a 51k run up the river and it's a braided river It's falling and of course that river can be really really tricky on a falling river It's dirty and it's very fine shingles so you don't go very far when you do run again Not normally do a lot of boat damage. This boat driven by Gareth Monroe currently sixth overall of the moment in a class Which is really good. So how do you think you'll go today? Pretty good. Yeah, I'm pretty sure we just stick to having gone all week and Keep a foot down when we can and take it easy where we have to. Gareth never voted this river before. He actually hasn't even pre-voted this river So hey, his experience I think we'll get him through and he'll have to be careful Regan Williamson said he was coming out with all guns blazing but his guns didn't light up this morning The gas turbine had flat batteries or a crook battery from a high-speed spin a couple of days ago So that was the end of his race Nick's failure was Ben Baxter. Ben had a jet unit failure, which was appearing gone in the pump Couldn't fix it. Two D&Fs. Come around the top corner of the lake up there We could smell something melting in the back of the boat And it got worse as we come through here and it turns out the unit green So what has that done? We have to pull it out and have a good look, but things have been pretty hot in the back Something's gone wrong there. Hoping to be back in this afternoon. Should get fixed for the closer But we'll see. Got to have a look and see how much damage is done. And our only overseas competitor Ryan Ringer He had an engine failure, which I believe no oil pressure So he never got across the lake either. He made it about three miles And the low oil pressure lake came on and I looked down at the tack and started losing the revs and oil pressure dropped to zero Rob Pauli had a dry sump belt come off on the way up And of course that pump is what feeds the engine with oil. So that was the end of his day I've pre-voted this river, got up and down and he got the thumbs up crossing the line. So he's a happy guy Not so happy was me. Nigel was driving my old boat Inside of the finish line, he ran aground Last corner we could actually see the finish line went over Tried to cut a corner, went over sand bank and came to the stop That's a bit embarrassing for everyone to watch, especially dad looking on. So, but you know, we were at a good time So we're feeling pretty good about it


I also deal with vestibular disorders, patients who are dizzy or off-balance. That can be secondary to a peripheral or inner ear problem. There's so many different types of senses that help you keep your balance that the brain has to process. And so when any of those are disrupted, the patient, all they know is they feel dizzy or they feel off-balance and they come and we can evaluate them and kind of better sort out what different types of problems that they might have. Probably the biggest advance in technology that's made a difference for me is imaging. When I started, they had just come out with a CT scan. I worked at a hospital that had, I think the second or third CT in the country. To get a CT scan, it had to be an emergency. I would have to go with them in an ambulance 30 minutes across town to get a CT scan. So now we're able to see an incredible amount of detail on an MRI that I can just call up and get an emergency MRI that day and I can make a diagnosis quickly and the ability to make those diagnosis is so much better, it's like orders of magnitude different. I do eye movement recordings. Normally the brain is supposed to be able to put your eyes exactly from one spot to another and keep them still. There are a lot of abnormalities where the eyes are moving when they're not supposed to be. That type of movement gives us some clue to what's not in balance in the central nervous system or peripheral nervous system. So we can detect vestibular abnormalities if a patient is mildly dizzy. All testing may be normal, but we can actually see abnormalities in the eyes and the eye movements that are exceedingly helpful in the management of those patients. We can look at pupil function and the spontaneous movements of the pupils. The pupils are constantly oscillating even if the light is not changing and even if you're in the dark, the pupils are constantly oscillating. That oscillation gives us some idea of how well the brain is functioning as well and that can be abnormal in different conditions such as Parkinson's disease and other systemic abnormalities. Neurophemology and neurology in medicine in general is learning a tremendous amount in recent years about genetic function, how genetics affects what diseases you get, how to treat those specific diseases, how you will respond to different treatments. And so I think that's going to be a huge advance in many different areas.


Hi, everyone. Happy Monday. I'm Joe for jasphyscasebreaks.com. Happy Cyber Monday coming at you with 2021 Panini flawless collegiate football. It's a one briefcase break pick your team number 12 Lot of great stuff in here Hopefully we'll find some of these that'd be pretty nice a very big. Thank you, too And there's pick your team 12 second half of that case we opened up last night Thanks everyone who bought their spot straight up I appreciate We did pull some teams out for those rnb's those random number blocks There's mark with the last spot mojo star next to his name. You got the Saints Here's the first and these are these we Randomized we recorded these on a different video. So if you're looking for that Look to check out our video list That's that's what that one featured the Bears and the Jets. This one features Jacksonville And the Niners Tampa Bay The here next to me we're going to use these blank cards to hide the encased cards There is pick your team 12 an autograph right there That's a gem or the two autographs over here. All right. So we've got auto auto gem All right. Oh nice. Remember there are a couple fillers we got to do for that too But yes, we should definitely do that tonight Both of those mixers will have multiple fillers But buy a full spot buy a filler spot. We'd be in good shape. All right, let's go. We're gonna start off with eight out of 25 Seth Williams. I've got a really nice hit coming up right here Seth Williams Is a Denver Bronco and that will be for Mark and the Denver Broncos. This is a really nice one of one Jalen waddle. He had a great day yesterday Great day yesterday for him. Mark Rao with the Dolphins as well nice looks like the is that the Conference patch right there. I think so really nice mark All aboard the big hit express To a to Jalen waddle connection working out really nice 21 out of 25 we got Racy McMath Racy is a Titan Tennessee is a number block team and that'll be for Tennessee one See one right there. Yeah, you know what? That is a sort of dent right there in the bottom left Must have been rattling around in the box there.  I Know everyone wants it wants them all to be one of ones of the top rookies, but unfortunately not. There's team logo signatures 17 out of 25. We're only one card into the break mark I've got a lot of a lot of a lot of time to go Nice Elijah Mitchell got him on my fantasy team. He's been playing pretty well Nice so that'll be for San Francisco and that is part of the Jacksonville San Francisco number block So San Francisco seven is Gonna be for gale there you go gale two out of 15 Sam Allinger next bowl game pass sugar bowl, maybe That'll be for the Colts Josh Smith With the Colts three out of ten. Look at that nice Rose Bowl patch here Trey sermon that's another one for the Niners Part of that San Francisco number block room. So San Francisco three It's also for gale there you go gale getting both of the Both of those young running backs And a one of one Larry Fitzgerald autograph nice Josh Smith with the Arizona football Cardinals and of course out of fives and under at the train whistle All aboard the big hit Express Whoo, all right now you're in case cards right hid those right here. You've got two autos here and Then this gem right over here Which is a three out of five three out of five Henry rugs Which is kind of unfortunate But this will go to the Raiders Raiders three for game on this side we have Clemson Travis Etienne Ruby auto 20 out of 20. So that goes to Jacksonville zero Jacksonville was a number block team That's Matthew Shahra with Jacksonville zero It's kind of sort of bummed for Travis Etienne because he hasn't got injured before a regular season game was even played I feel like Would have been a big contributor this year, but this is one to hold on to All right, and the last one and the gems are Naturally mined not lab grown last one is The Ohio State University. That's Justin Fields Diamond auto four out of 25 Nice diamond auto Chicago. That's the other number block That is four number four Chris McKeeg there you go Chris Congrats on that Justin Fields Nice. Thanks everybody Another great break Another case closed Thanks everyone for watching. I'm Joe for jasperates.com. We'll see you next time for the next break. Bye. Bye


So if we look at those four helix bundles to start with, here is one example. Here's a second example and here is a third example. They are seemingly similar, but you would probably say that that one is reasonably ordered, that one is reasonably ordered and this one is a horrible mess. There is a reason for the horrible mess, so let's wait for that a second. This four helix bundles is something that occurs in cytochrome C domains. This is part of something called T and V that I won't tell you what it is quite, and this is a hem erythrin. All these are anti-parallel.  If I had to create, it's very rare with parallel alpha helices because then again I would need some other structure. That should then be another helix, but if that helix is in contact with these, then it is an anti-parallel structure, so I can really only have parallel helices when it's mixed helix and sheet, which I'm not going to talk about quite yet.


From Las Vegas, expecting the signal from the noise. It's theCUBE covering Interconnect 2016. Brought to you by IBM. Now your host, John Furrier and Dave Vellante. Okay, welcome back everyone. We are here live in Las Vegas for IBM Interconnect 2016. This is theCUBE's Silicon Angles flagship program where we go out to the events and extract the signal from the noise. I'm John Furrier with my co-host Dave Vellante. Next guest is Nancy Pearson, Vice President of Cognitive Business at IBM, CUBE alumni. Great to see you again, you look fabulous. Great to see both of you. Hi. Thank you. So the wheel keeps turning on every crank, in innovation, every event, you hear new stuff. Cognitive is a big part of it. Watson's front and center, but you got open technology, you got Apple on stage. All this is teasing out the digital transformation from hold down the fort with VMware and hybrid cloud. Then you got the open technologies, Swift programming language. Then it comes down to the application. The data is a big part of it. So I got to ask you, what is cognitive? What is the 101? For people who hear the term cognitive technology, cognitive business, what is that? Well, first of all, I'll start with, you heard a lot earlier today about disruption. And in fact, it's a topic that continues to permeate a lot of the presentations and keynotes here. It's just still a struggle for our clients. And it's definitely related to the role that cognitive computing and cognitive business plays. So first of all, clients ask us all the time, what is cognitive? What is cognitive business? What is cognitive computing? So first of all, cognitive means learning to learn. So this is about learning and this is about cognition. A cognitive business is a business that really, infuses cognitive technology to help improve their expertise, improve their discovery, improve the use of massive amounts of data, structured and unstructured data. But cognitive computing is really a system that understands reasons and learns. And that's really important and interacts in a very comfortable way with humans. It's actually the combination of human and machine. And these two things really coming together in a way that's very conducive and comfortable and delivering really good outcomes for clients. So you see that a lot on the TV commercials. The Watson is the poster child for learning machine. I love the Bob Dylan one. You see the interface with teens and tennis athletes. Really it's showing that the machine's doing work for you. So the learning is cool. Talk about the role of data in all this because now the data aspect is critical because you need the data to learn how does that factor into your role and your customers' use of the word cognitive?  Is it internet of things? What is it all about? Well, I think you can break it down like this. So in order for a business to become a cognitive business, the way we're talking to clients about it is, first of all, there's the extreme that is really in a lot of the commercials, which is to build a cognitive system, a branded system that's Watson. And that's really building a capability that can be a physician's assistant and education assistant, a system that you train. You take four months to train it around specific corpuses of data. And so we talk to clients about that but probably maybe 10% of the market will be interested in really building that kind of a system. It takes some time, it's more expensive and you really need to have the business application. It'll transform industries. It'll transform enterprises and it's an investment. We also talk to clients all the way on the other side, which is kind of from the bottom up, about building cognitive apps. You can do that now. You can do that in days, weeks and months. And it's a way that businesses can get started and really infuse innovation into their business. So you heard it this morning on the keynote. We talked about Watson Tone, Watson Vision, Watson Emotion. We have Watson Trend. We have these APIs and these APIs can be infused into a new application. It can be infused into an existing client's business application or into an offering or a service. And so there's three paths we talk about. Build apps with cognitive, infuse cognitive into your business process or pull down a SaaS offering that we have on our marketplace that has cognitive capabilities or all the way on this side, which is I want to build a cognitive system. I'm in an industry like a medical industry and we have some examples where we've been working with clients on building a physician support. So a couple of questions I have for you. So there's a new role, VP Marketing of Cognitive. Now is that a sort of across all the sort of cognitive businesses at IBM? Are you sort of focused on one particular aspect of business? Our chairman in January announced IBM really being focused, her vision for the business. And when she started to talk about cognitive business and cognitive computing. She said we're a cognitive business solutions company and we're a cloud platform company. So those are the two major areas of where innovation is continuing to be brought for IBM. So my mission is in corporate right now and I'm responsible for taking the cognitive capabilities, the messaging that exists, all the beautiful launch materials and pulling them through working with the units so that we introduce cognition and cognitive into all the units within IBM. Now you know we have Watson Health, Watson IoT and the Watson unit. Of course that's the core of their business. But the other units all are either building roadmaps for introducing cognitive. It's internal transformation into infusing these capabilities, taking what was launched and infusing them through all the different units. So let's pick up on that sort of transformation thing. So when I think of the broad category of information management over the years, it's information's generally been a liability. Oh, if somebody finds this smoking gun email, I'm in big trouble, how do I get rid of it? Oh, we'll help you categorize it. And then they say, okay, well, maybe we can extract value out of that. And the problem was, it was just too much data for humans to extract value. So now we enter this cognitive era and you're providing this new super powerful tooling that allows me to actually get value out of that corpus of data that this is too much for me to handle. So, and you gave a couple of examples. One was a big chewy vision, heavy lift, maybe 10% of the people are actually going to go build that out now. Maybe eventually people get there. And the second was the bottoms up building apps. So how are beyond that sort of, let's peel the onion on that. How are companies getting started on cognitive? Are they really just primarily building apps and what are they working towards? How are they changing organizationally? I wonder if you could give us some color on it. But it's a combination of things. So Alphamotus was on stage this morning. They're a great example. So they're a financial service company. They built cognition. Robo stock picking. Right, and what they're doing is they're learning, they're understanding those patterns, right? And they're building that capability in so that they can predict or steer in a different direction. That's the future of that business, isn't it? So that's a perfect example. They built an app or they introduced cognitive into an app that they had built with our cloud technology. And then on the other end of the spectrum, I think that a good example would be SoftBank. SoftBank is a bank. You probably saw some of the CES examples when our chairman and a number of people presented there. It's where we have the robot pepper and that robot is a concierge. That's basically building a cognitive system. So clients started different places, but they're all after either competitive, advantage, innovation. They are able to really leverage cognitive to do discovery. And your point about data is really important. The data that people possess today, most CXOs don't feel that they're getting the value out of it. And that's the data you have behind your firewall. Think about the data that's coming, all of the data from news, video, unstructured data, and then you take the weather data and all of the other things, the data from sensors and IoT. This explosion of data makes it impossible for people to, if they're only getting 10% value out of the data they possess and that they can actually process and leverage insights from, can you see what's happening in the tsunami that's coming? The only way they can really capture and gain insight from all of that data and also triangulate it to get insights that they could never get by only looking through one dimension is by leveraging cognitive, cloud and cognitive. It changes the analytics game. We were talking on CrowdChat with some of the thought leaders within IBM and the BIP influencers just this last week around that regression analysis and these old school techniques are actually obsolete now because you don't need to throw away all the data. You don't need to throw away the outliers. The outliers are sometimes the new data that you want to double down on. That may be where the insight is and we've been missing it. So the other thing that I think is pretty important is the systems today are deterministic systems. They're programmed by people with a specific outcome involved. A cognitive system is a probabilistic system. It deals with hypotheses. So the aperture is wide open to discovery way beyond what someone would have programmed a system to do in the past. So that's a big part of the difference between analytics are still very much on. That's why you say unstructured is key because that's the lubricant to get everything going in that engine, if you will. Because you need to have that blending in. Well, you take behavioral and sentiment insights and you couple it with data and you're looking at a different outcome. You got to ask you a trick question, not trick question but since you always have great color commentary on theCUBE. What is the coolest thing you've seen from cognition standpoint? You know, you're across the different groups. You're internally transforming, which by the way I think is great for you guys to do because then you can go to your customers and say, hey, we're doing it too, you should do it. But you see a lot of stuff. What's the coolest thing that you've seen? So first of all, I think the coolest thing that I've seen and I had, I was the fortunate enough to present in November with them on stage in Japan. I love the whole soft bank example with Pepper the robot. I am fascinated by that. And I think that it's just, it's the emotional relationship that people are able to have with that form factor and the psychology that went into building that to me is fascinating. So that's- Creative too.  I mean, you're seeing all kinds of new creation coming out of this.  Well, and they impact society. I mean, they're doing that too in some cases so that they can deal with an aging community. And that's a way of also leveraging that type of technology in kind of a personal man and machine or human and machine interaction. It's a lot about that. So I wanted to take sort of the two examples. Alpha Modus, they're completely repricing financial services. The impact of Pepper is really, that's the first use case. Is that right? Is to help the aging population? Right. Is it starting in Japan or is it- Yes. That is in Japan.  Well, right now Pepper's also, he's a concierge, he or she is a concierge, I'm not really sure whether he or she, but, and then the other cool thing we're doing is we're going through, we built an internal kind of Kickstarter program called Cognitive Build, and we're taking 380,000 employees through our own immersion, where they're gonna ideate where there's gonna be a hackathon and a Kickstarter process, internal, so that we can identify new applications, how to infuse Cognitive into our portfolio, and then also how to- They actually get real cash or is it more budget? No, we're gonna, they're gonna be real money behind the end projects. And they're gonna go outside the company to develop it, or is it inside or- No, it's internal. Oh, okay. Yeah. That's exciting. Because you have a good marketing answer for this, and so I want to sort of, because I'm very excited about Watson. Right, I mean, I see IBM pouring billions of dollars into Watson. I go out into the marketplaces and listen, that's real innovation.  How do you respond to that? Well, you know, we are highly recognized for how unique the technology is with Watson. There are a lot of machine learning, Siri type capabilities out there, but that's not understanding, that's not reasoning and ongoing learning. You know, machine learning is one capability, but the sophistication of our Watson technology and the impact that that is already having on industries and healthcare and education is way beyond anything that's happening out there. So I think that we have an opportunity here. First of all, a lot of people are jumping into the space. If you look at the competition, whether it's Google, I think Salesforce just made an announcement about purchasing AI technology and machine learning technology, it's happening every single day. So people are really ramping up. Watson is very different. That is something that we built, took years to build and very, very highly sophisticated and with a level of human interaction that is unprecedented. But there's a lot of people out there who are racing to get to the same endpoint because they see the opportunity. Well, I think too, the use cases that you have in place now, I mean, it took a while. I remember when we first saw the grand challenge, it was like, okay, now what? And you guys are probably doing a lot of that internally. But you've poured so much effort, development, technology, customer interactions, and now the use cases are starting to emerge. They're really forming. So, you know, we'll be starting to talk about Airbus. You know, we've got a number of clients there that are already leveraging cognitive technology and we've got a number of use cases now. So it's not a few. In fact, we're working on, you know, this hero storytelling approach with Cognitive. I'll talk about it this afternoon at our lightning, the lightning talks that we're having. But we've got, you know, 30, 40, 50 really excellent stories that we're going to start to tell through social media. It's exciting. So, talk about this hero concept. Can you explain a little bit further on what that's about? Well, it really takes the customer example and instead of it being like a talking head, you really interview throughout the whole process and really understand what is the motivation of the client, of the user and how does this technology actually change the lives of people? So, it goes way beyond being a reference. And we do, we do- You get immersed into the use case and the person. You get immersed in the story, the use case, the people that are affected by it and then we can tell back stories. I call them derivative stories about, well, what was a developer thinking? What motivated them to create this application or this solution? And so you get ongoing a drum beat of story, different facets of the story. So, we're really accelerating our hero's storytelling capabilities with Cognitive. So, what's the customer imperative? You sit down with the customer and say, hey, I'm really interested in this stuff. I'm not really sure how to apply it. Where do I start? Well, that's where the three paths come in. Are you just kind of dipping your toe in the water and you want to develop an app? Because you can do that immediately. And I think it's really important because when you see Bob Dylan and Watson singing on TV, you think, oh my God, you know, that's not me.  You don't have to. You can get started by building an application and then you really understand what it's about and that grows. So, or you can pull down a SaaS service on our marketplace. So, those are ways in which you can get started today and tomorrow and then some people are really thinking big and they're going to get started and it's a multiple year journey. Well, they're going to take the first step. I mean, you can think big now. You have the data, you have the reasoning capability, the cognition as you say. But you can start small. You can take a baby step, it doesn't matter. That's right. If you don't take that step, you'll never get there. I think that's the most important message. So, do I start with my data? Is that the starting point? Absolutely. You definitely need to start with your data and then also to identify the data that is out there. You know, the data space, you'll see us doing a lot of acquisition in data models like the weather company. The data space is really big and that's what's really going to accelerate the capabilities and the value to clients because they would never be able to address that data on their own. They wouldn't be able to access it. They wouldn't be able to process it and get insight from it. We got to do some real time consulting. We need your help because you're awesome. We'd love to interview you because you just get great stories. We have a lot of data. A lot, a lot of energy. Help us. How does theCUBE get our own cognition engine? What do we do? So, we have a lot of data. We get the Twitter stuff. What do we do? How can theCUBE get infused with more Watson? What should we do? Well, you should look at all that data and say what would make your business model different? What, you know, where is the innovation? Where could the innovation be? And see what you can do with that data to actually maybe even determine the personality of the different people. So, if you're Watson, what would you say to me and Dave? If you'd look at all of our interviews, what would the profile us as? You know, I would take, well, I don't know about your own personality profile, but we can take that offline. I think we can do that on the side. Watson would say. But you can probably do take all the data and take all of your interviews and understand exactly what makes a compelling interview. The personality traits, you know, do something like tone analyzer and you'd get insights from it that you can actually feedback to the people coming in and doing interviews. When you do this, this, and this, you know, the interview really spikes. Right, and help people discover the real nuggets, the gold nuggets that are in these interviews. The insights, exactly. And then do something with them. And he certainly will have the beacon technology and say, John, you were out late last. I can tell by your tone. Exactly. That's where you can get into a little bit of trouble of your time. It's having a little sluggish right now. I would love to interview Watson. That would be a great cube segment to interview Watson. Well, Nancy, thanks so much for coming on. Well, thank you for having me. All the videos will be on SiliconANGLE.tv. Of course, Wednesday is our Women in Wednesday podcast, featured guests of the week.  That's hashtag cube gems, G-E-M-S. You will see all the short sound bites, the snackable content. Nancy's video's up there right now. Variety of cube gems, certainly, from this interview. Thanks so much for spending the time with us again. Thank you. Good to see you guys. Nancy Pearson, vice president of Cognitive here at IBM. And we're trying to get our cognition on here in the cube. We'll be right back for it to the short break.


Now, it will be a real pleasure for us, for my colleague Bess Farshalla and myself, to provide you with some insights to the trigger solution. I will first start with a very brief explanation of what the trigger solution is, especially for those of you who are not yet familiar with it. So, as explained earlier already, the trigger solution is one of the three technical solutions which will be investigated in the context of the Euro system exploratory work, and it will be provided by Deutsche Bundesbank as solution providing central bank. With the help of the trigger solution, market participants will have the opportunity to settle DLT-based wholesale financial transactions in the existing target services, so this means without the creation of central bank money tokens. For that purpose, Bundesbank developed a DLT infrastructure, which acts basically as a technical bridge between the RTGS component of T2 and eligible market DLT platforms. Next, let me briefly explain what experience we do have so far on the trigger solution. Bundesbank has been working on that topic for quite a while already. In 2021, the initial version of the trigger solution was developed and tested together with Deutsche Börse and Germany's finance agency together with a couple of German banks. Since then, we have further worked on that topic and we further developed the trigger solution. In particular, we had to change from using MT messages to ISO 20 to 2 messages, given the change from target 2 to T2 in the March of this year. In addition, we have chosen a more flexible and more open approach with regard to the interaction with several market DLTs, which allows more flexibility and a more neutral approach. On the next slide, let me provide with some explanations on how the ecosystem looks like. On the first layer, we can see the market DLT platforms. For the purpose of the EUROSYSTEM exploratory work, these will only be platforms considered as eligible by the EUROSYSTEM or according to the EUROSYSTEM definition. On that market DLTs, eligible market participants, according to their EUROSYSTEM definitions, as well as any other entities, such as, for instance, issuers or corporates or investors could participate. The market DLT platform is basically the place where the underlying business transaction takes place, so in an example, the exchange of securities. Again, what assets will be considered eligible in the context of the exploratory work of the EUROSYSTEM will be defined by the EUROSYSTEM. Let's move to the second layer. The trigger solution, on the second layer, we have the trigger solution. Here only eligible market participants, so basically, eligible target participants and eligible market DLT operators. If they have an active role and as defined by the EUROSYSTEM, participate. Today, so both actors, eligible market participants and eligible market DLT operators have to be present or participants on both layers on the eligible market DLT platform as well as on the trigger solution to be able to create payment instructions in the trigger solution. This is illustrated for Bank A in the picture on the right-hand side. Let me emphasize that from a pure technical perspective, the trigger solution is agnostic with regard to the business or assets in the eligible market DLT platform. In between the eligible market DLT platform and the trigger solution, you can see the letters IO. IO stands for interoperability mechanism, so what does it mean? To be very clear, the interoperability mechanism is rather a conceptual approach and does not imply a technical connection between the trigger solution and the market DLT. It basically determines the interaction with a payment instruction smart contract and will be implemented on the market DLT side. So it can be designed to best fit the underlying business transaction. From the trigger perspective, we support different interoperability mechanisms. The most prominent one probably being the so-called hash time lock contract or HTLC. What matters from a trigger perspective is that the functions of our payment instruction smart contract will be called respectively. So let's move to the last and third layer. On this third layer, we have the RTGS component of T2 in exactly the same way as it is used for today's regular payments. Here the final settlement of the cash leg takes place automatically and directly on the RTGS DCAs of the respective target participants. Participants can use their existing RTGS DCAs, so there is no need for separating the liquidity on a different liquidity pot. We will now look a bit closer into how a DVP transaction could be settled using the trigger solution. In the very first step, we have for instance a buyer and a seller agreeing on an exchange of eligible assets against Euro since we settle against target in a market DLT platform. So these activities are outside the scope of the trigger solution and this is for instance also where the blocking of securities would take place. If we now move to the second step, the activities of the trigger solution start. Based on the trade in the market DLT platform, a payment instruction will be created in the trigger solution. To be very clear, this will not be done by the interoperability mechanism as such, but by the participants in the trigger solution, which can be either the payer bank, the payee bank or an authorized third party. Let's move to the third step. Once the payment instruction is created by the participants' apologies, Bundesbank will convert it into an ISO 20 or 2.2 message. These messages will be sent again by Bundesbank and via its own infrastructure via ESMIC 2-T2. Here I would like to emphasize that there are no accounts and no funds in the trigger solution. We only work with payment instructions. Accounts and funds only exist in the T2 or RTGS layer. With the next step, we move to the payment process. The trigger solution follows a two-step payment process. The first step consists of a direct debit, a regular PACS 10 message, debiting the payer bank's RTGS DCA and crediting an interim account of Bundesbank. To be very clear here again, this message will be sent by Bundesbank to T2 and not by the respective participant. In the end, an information on the successful or failed settlement will be sent from T2 to the trigger solution. On the next slide, we will come to the second part of the payment instruction. The second part consists of a credit transfer, a regular PACS 9 message and this PACS 9 message debits the Bundesbank interim account and credits the RTGS DCA of the payer bank. It basically follows immediately after the direct debit in case a basic approach is used or after a pause in order to cater, for instance, for the blocking of funds in the context of the usage of HDLC mechanisms. Again, in the end, an information on the successful or failed settlement will be sent to the trigger solution. Now we come to the last step of the process. Here, the participants in the trigger solution transfer the status of the payment instruction to the market DLT. On that basis, actually the assets can be transferred on the market DLT platform. Following that, I would like to hand over to my colleague Besfalt now who will continue with some technical details. Yeah, so let's move on to the technical details of the trigger solution itself. So one of the core elements of the trigger solution is a DLT, a blockchain infrastructure, which is called the trigger chain. And the trigger chain itself was developed using the most recent version of Hyperledger Fabric 2.5, which is a permissioned blockchain. Another point is that the whole solution, including its different components, are implemented within the internal Bundesbank environment. And through the internal communication infrastructure of the Bundesbank, our solution is able to communicate with T2. So we are not using any external cloud service provided to host our solution. So coming to the next point, what are ways users or participants can connect to the trigger solution? So we have foreseen two options. So the first option is to connect to the trigger solution via the API interface. What does that mean? Basically, we expose our REST APIs and through these APIs, participants will have the possibility to build, to configure the applications in order to be able to communicate the trigger solution. On the other side, the API can also be used for U2A communication. It means we are providing also a graphical user interface for the participants. So basically, connecting through the API interface is probably the fastest, the simplest way to connect to our solution. Option two is to connect to our solution through operating an OWN Hyperledger Fabric node. That means participants need to set up to configure their OWN Hyperledger Fabric dedicated nodes. And through that, they have full access over their nodes and also can participate on the direct interactions with the underlying blockchain network. But, or nevertheless, this requires a little bit more effort and of course Hyperledger Fabric expertise. So this was about the options to connect to the trigger solution. And I want also to add that the trigger solution itself does not have any technical requirements with regards to external DLT platforms, to external blockchains. It means for us, it's important that the participants or their applications, they can talk, they can interact with the interfaces we are providing, whether via API or by operating their OWN node. So that's about the technical basics of the trigger solution. Let's switch to the next slide in order to see the core functionalities. Yeah, so what are the main functionalities of the trigger solution? Within the blockchain, within the trigger chain, we have implemented, we have deployed the Bundesbank smart contract, which is called the payment instruction smart contract. And within that smart contract, there are some functions which can be used by the participants. So basically a participant can use the smart contract to create, to approve, to submit payment instructions in case if needed, there's also the possibility to do a modification. And as a result of creating and submitting a payment instruction, our backend application will take that, the payment instruction details and will create an ISA message and will send them to the T2 system. Another functionality is that indeed participants would be able to see all the transactions in which they are involved. This could be a payer bank, a receiver bank, a third party authorized to do that action, so they are able to see transactions in which they are involved. So basically the status of the payment instruction, for instance, if the payment was successfully or failed, will be automatically updated by the Bundesbank node based on the status of the T2 transaction. Another functionality already mentioned is that participants have the option to operate their own node or to connect via API. And there are two differences using the API connection. As mentioned, it's a simplified integration process to our solution, but on the other side, for receiving updates, the participants need to query continuously the current status information. On the other side, when operating their own Hyperledger Fabric node, there are some benefits, for instance, direct interaction with the pre-blockshare network, programmability, which means that participants can develop and deploy their smart contact based on their business processes, which could be complex transactions or the coordination of transactions across different external DLT platforms, so depending on the use case. And of course, participants, when operating their own node, they get automatically notified via the events, via the Hyperledger Fabric specific events, about the status updates of the payment instruction. So that's about the main functionalities of the trigger solution. We can switch to the next slide. So, yeah, I hope after these explanations, that you are interested or there are interesting parties willing to explore the trigger solution and also its capabilities. And in that case, we have prepared some specific documents, which are already made available in the context of the call for interest, I think two or one day ago. So first, there is a process description document providing an overview of the ecosystem and the various process steps, which are needed for the use case, DVP delivery versus payment. Then the package also includes a user requirement document with the various functional requirements. Then we have also the different onboarding steps and technical details, which are described within the onboarding guide. Another information is that we have also trigger solution specific registration form, form two, which you need to complete and to submit to your local NCB, which afterwards will forward it to the Bundesbank. And another step to be done by a local NCB is also to set up the necessary direct debitment date, which is also needed for using the trigger solution. So that's about some details for interested participants. Of course, have a read on the documentation provided and for questions, you can contact us directly through the provided email address. So that's about the theoretical presentation of the trigger solution with some technical details. And now I think we can start with the demonstration of the trigger solution. Yeah, just hold on 30 seconds. Welcome to the demonstration of the trigger solution provided by Deutsche Bundesbank. The trigger solution is one of three technical solutions offered for the Euro system exploratory phase on new technologies for wholesale central bank money settlement. Before we show you the trigger solution, we would like to provide you with some information on the process of settling a transaction where the trigger solution, so that it is easier for you to understand when we enter in the graphical user interface later on. The business case shown illustrates the settlement of a securities trade have formed on any eligible market TLT platform. The participants involved have their own RDGS dedicated cash accounts. For our demo, we have set up two new participants in the T2U test environment with their respective accounts. Let's imagine the trade is performed between Bank A and Bank B. Bob, an employee working for Bank B, buys securities from Alice, working for Bank A. Bob intends to use Bank B's RDGS DCA to pay the trade performed on the market TLT platform. In our example, Bob's DCA has the big TurboDev triple X. The liquidity will be transferred to Alice's account, which has the big TurboDev triple X. The payment process in the trigger solution follows a two-step approach. Therefore, we also set up a Bundesbank RDGS participant with its own Bundesbank RDGS DCA with the big MarkDev tree in the T2U test environment. This account serves as the Bundesbank interim account in the two-step payment process. As soon as Bob has created and approved his payment instruction, the trigger solution will send a direct debit as PACS-10 message via the standard route using SWIFT, the Bundesbank's network service provider for the target services via ESMIC to T2 so that the liquidity will be transferred from Bob's account to the Bundesbank interim account. The corresponding confirmation message is sent back by T2. This means that the trigger solution receives a positive PACS-2 message confirming the settlement of the direct debit. In addition, Bank B receives a PACS-10 message informing that the direct debit has been settled on its account to Rudev triple X. In a second step, after the trigger solution has received the positive PACS-2 message, it sends a PACS-9 message to forward the liquidity from the Bundesbank interim account to Alice's account. After this credit transfer has been settled, the trigger solution again receives a positive PACS-2 message confirming the settlement of the credit transfer and Bank A receives a PACS-9 informing that the credit transfer has been settled on its account to Rudev triple X. With this confirmation message, the trigger solution changes the status of the payment instruction to completed. This is the general process. Bob has different options to initiate this process depending on how Bank B is connected to the trigger solution. And the first option, Bank B, can be a peer user with its own node in the trigger solution. And the second option, Bank B, can use the API as a non-peer user communicating either in a U2A mode using the graphical user interface or in A2A mode. Regardless of this connectivity, but depending on the interoperability mechanism implemented on the respective eligible market DLT platform, Bob can also choose between the supported payment instruction life cycles. This means that he can use either the basic approach without HTLC functionality or the advanced approach with HTLC functionality. The difference is that the HTLC approach has additional steps to first confirm that liquidity has been blocked on the Bundesbank interim account and then to initiate the second step of the payment process after the preimage of the hash included in the payment instruction has been provided. This enables the HTLC interoperability mechanism to be implemented. With this in mind, our demonstration of the trigger solution starts with a business case using the API U2A connection and creating a payment instruction without using the HTLC functionality. First, Bob has to log in on the trigger solutions landing page. Bob can see his dashboard listing all payment instructions affecting his Zurudev XXX account along with their corresponding status. To initiate a payment instruction, Bob has to navigate to a new payment instruction. Since there is no direct technical connection between the trigger solution and the eligible market DLT platform, we use the correlation ID to establish a link between the trade and the eligible market DLT platform and the corresponding settlement on the cash lag in T2. The correlation ID is a kind of end-to-end ID carried forward throughout the process. It stems from the eligible market DLT platform and is mandatory when creating a new payment instruction in the trigger solution. It will also be part of the ISO 20.022 messages and can therefore be seen in T2 as well. For our demonstration, I take an easy correlation ID, nothing cryptic, but something rather simple so that we can follow our payment instruction easily. We already mentioned that Bob wants to transfer liquidity to Alice, so we enter Bob's RDGS, DCA Zurudev XXX as payer bank, and Alice's RDGS DCA Zurudev XXX as receiver bank. The amount should be 12,345.67 euro. That is all information that has to be entered for this use case. For a payment instruction, we need to enter the correlation ID to link the payment to the trade and who is paying how much to whom. The payment instruction is initiated by pressing the create button, and we can see the status prepared. At this point, it is possible to change certain data. For example, the amount, if anything is incorrect. If everything is correct, the payer bank, that means Bob, can approve the payment instruction using his certificate and by pressing the approve button. For clarification, in our demonstration, Bob can approve the payment instruction in two-ice mode. However, in general, the trigger solution also offers approval in four-ice mode. By the way, it does not necessarily have to be Bob, the payer bank that creates the payment instruction. The payment instruction can also be created by the receiver bank or even a third party. However, only the payer bank or someone authorized by the payer bank can approve the payment instruction. Coming back to Bob and his payment, as a next step, he has to submit the payment instruction to enable the trigger solution to start processing it. The submit function can be used immediately after the approval, but also at a later point in time should liquidity be transferred a few days later. After the payment instruction is submitted, the trigger solution validates it. To give an example, the trigger solution checks whether the payment instruction stems from an illiterable market DLT platform or whether the payer bank or an authorized third party has approved the payment instruction. The status changes nearly immediately from approved to submitted. As soon as the status is triggered, the direct debit, that means the Pax9 message, can be sent via Swift 2T2. Within a very short space of time, the status already set to completed. The trigger solution. This means that the whole payment process, including the credit transfer to Alice's account, has been finalized. The funds are booked on both Bob's and Alice's RDSTCAs in the T2U test environment. To demonstrate that this booking in the T2U test environment has actually taken place, we will now log into the T2U test environment and show the settlement of the direct debit and the credit transfer. In the T2U test environment, we see in the first line the Pax10 message, which can be identified via the field message type. Here we have the correlation ID, demo trigger solution, 10th October 2023. And here we see that Bob's account Zurudev XXX has been debited and our bonus bank interim account has been credited. We can see that the whole process has been finished here. Where we have the corresponding Pax9 message that is the credit transfer to Zurudev XXX that means Alice's account. The credit transfer has also been settled successfully which we can see by the status settled. The Pax9 message also contains our end-to-end ID that means the correlation ID which is carried forward throughout the process. The account holders are informed about the bookings on their RDSTCAs via corresponding ISO 2022 messages. A look at the timestamp shows that the whole process with all bookings takes place in a very short space of time. We can see here in the trigger solutions dashboard the payment instruction we recently created with a respective correlation ID, the creation date, the payer bank and the receiver bank, the amount and the status which is completed. Going to the details we see again the execution time, the time it was created and the time the last status change occurred. When the trigger solution receives the last Pax2 message resulting from the successful settlement of the credit transfer in T2 it updates the status to complete it to indicate a successful settlement. Thus with the trigger solution payment instructions resulting from trades on eligible market DLT platforms can be booked on participants IDGS DCAs within a very short space of time. Now we come to the second business case creating a payment instruction via the API U2A connection with using the HTLC functionality. This means we show the same steps for creating a payment instruction but include the additional information and steps needed for the HTLC mechanism. Therefore we navigate to the screen new payment instruction and start entering the data. This time we choose a different correlation ID. Demo trigger solution 13th October with HTLC. The payer is again Bob's account Zurudev XXX and the receiver Alice's account Zurudev XXX. The accounts entered cannot be fictional fixed. They have to exist in ODGS. This means that entering incorrect or nonexisting bigs will result in an error. To differentiate this payment instruction from the previous one we take another amount this time 333,044 cents. When using the HTLC mechanism additional fields have to be completed in this area. That means the hash time lock and transfer. There is an additional timeout date for the date on which the payment instruction should settle. For the timeout date we take 13th October 2023 the date the demo was recorded and for the time we enter at 12 o'clock. This timeout T2 is relevant for the cash like only. There is an additional timeout T1 that is relevant for the securities like on the eligible market DLT. It is essential that neither timeout has elapsed before the settlement of the direct debit and the credit transfer have been finalized. Timeout T2 has to be smaller than timeout T1 and within the trigger solution there are additional validation rules on these fields to ensure that there is sufficient time for settlement. We also have to enter a hash here which can be thought of as the encryption of a secret pre-image. This is supposed to be the hash that is used to block the securities on the eligible market DLT platform. Since our demo takes place without an eligible market DLT the hash and its pre-image are invented freely. Then we press create but now we get an error message. This is because the chosen correlation ID exceeds the maximum number of digits. After correcting this we can successfully create our payment instruction. Now it is again possible to update for example the amount. However, since all fields are correct we want to approve our payment instruction without any changes and submit it directly to the trigger solution. After having checked the payment instruction the trigger solution sends the direct debit as a Pax 10 message to T2 and changes the status to trigger it. After the settlement of this direct debit and confirmation by T2 the trigger solution changes the status to payment locked. This means that the liquidity has been transferred from Bob's ODIJS DCA to the Bundesbank interim account waiting for the next steps. As soon as Bob has received the pre-image of the hash from Alice which takes place outside the trigger solution he can release the payment using the transfer function. This is where this use case differs from the previous one and the previous use case all steps from the moment the payment instruction is submitted until it obtains the completed status in the trigger solution run completely automatically. However in this use case there is a pause after the funds are locked on the Bundesbank interim account. This step ensures that the liquidity cannot be released until all transaction legs are ready for final settlement and only when providing the correct pre-image of the hash the transfer of the liquidity takes place. Before releasing the payment using the transfer function we check again in T2 to make sure that the liquidity really has arrived on the Bundesbank interim account. Here in T2 we see again a Pax10 message that debits Zurudev XXX and credits MarkDevTree with €333.44 and which has been settled successfully. The funds are therefore locked. To complete the payment process Bob has to enter the pre-image of the hash provided. It is important that the pre-image of the hash and the hash itself fit together otherwise it would result in an error. For example if we delete the C here it would result in the error error while execution for this payment instruction. Adding the C again enables us to go ahead with the transfer function. After pressing the transfer button the status immediately changes to HTLC ready. This means all prerequisites have been met for the trigger solution to send the Pax9 message to T2 to enable settlement of the credit transfer. By refreshing the details of the payment instruction screen we initiate a query to the trigger solution to update the current status which then changes to completed. This means that the Pax9 message has also settled successfully and the trigger solution has received the successful status report from T2. A check in T2 reveals the successful settlement. Here we have the Pax10 message which we saw before. Moreover below we have the Pax9 message with the same correlation ID that debits our bonus bank interim account and credits Alice's rdgsdca terp dev triple x. The status is settled which confirms the settlement and shows that our business case as a whole has finished successfully. Compared to the first use case the whole process in this second use case of course takes slightly longer. This is due to the fact that the automatic process from the first use case is temporarily paused and only resumed after the pre-image of the hash is successfully entered. Thus when using the htsc functionality it is up to the participants as to how fast payment instruction is finally booked on the rdgsdcas. With this we have reached the end of the demonstration of the trigger solution. Thank you very much for your attention. In case of any questions please contact the trigger solution team of Deutsche Bundesbank via email to trigger solution at bundesbank.de So thank you very much to both Nadine and best for the introduction to the trigger solution. So we're just going to quickly have a check on potential questions. Yes indeed, Elin. I would start with the questions if I may. And I think the first question I would like to answer is that we got through the chat is is the target ancillary system interface used by bundesbank in the trigger solution when sending Pax 10 or Pax 9 to rtgsdcas. And here we can say no we do not use the ancillary system interface. We use the regular payment bank interface by bundesbank and so we also do not use ASI messages. It's just the bundesbank operating in its payment bank role. And this is how we presently implemented the trigger solution for the purpose of this exploratory phase. I hope this answers the question was pretty straight I think. Okay, so there was also second question. Let me read that. Does the payment confirmation by the purchaser has to be done manually or can the whole process be conducted E2E automated. So we have mentioned that the status of the payment instruction based on the T2 transaction is automatically provided to the trigger solution by the bundesbank node. So it's within the trigger chain. So it's up to the participants to check the status of the payment instruction and this can be done for instance by operating on our node I've already mentioned when operating an own hyperledger fabric node it's possible to get notifications through the blockchain events. So this is a process and based on a smart contract implemented by participants and their own application this whole process of being notified for an payment instruction can be automated. On the other side of course users can use also the API way to connect to the trigger solution but they need to develop an application which continuously queries the status within the trigger solution. Until the trigger solution the status is provided in an automated way by the bundesbank node for reaching out the market DLT it's up to the participant to do the needed configurations and developments. Okay. Then I would continue reading through the questions popping in and there are some questions with regard to the specifications and documentation specifically with regard to the API specifications and also the question regarding whether there is some form of sandbox and here we can say that in general the documentation is as best for it mentioned already to a large extent already published in the context of the call for interest and further information specifically with regard to the API specifications they will be provided after having submitted the first part of the registration form so then you will be granted access to a restricted area on the website of the bundesbank and there you get further technical details and there will be no sandbox or demonstration which we provide in advance apart from this video you've seen right now after having registered for the participation in the exploratory phase and considered as preliminary eligible of course then you will have the chance to directly test or interact with a trigger solution of course according to the testing and timeline as defined in the euro system okay and I think reading further there was a question on the rtgs dca basically should participants have an account with the bundesbank or can it be with a local central bank and here it's also pretty easy this the account does not have to be with a bundesbank as bundesbank here we act as solution provider the participant will have the rtgs dca with their local cb the regular relationship you have for for your usual payments business so no rtgs dca necessary at bundesbank if you are located in a different country there is also one more question so what happens when t2 is in maintenance time so the operating hours of the trigger solution will be as already mentioned at the beginning from 9 to 2 p.m. so within the t2 operating hours and everything arriving in the meantime will be buffered by the trigger solution