Genital warts, caused by low-risk human papillomaviruses, are a common sexually transmitted disease worldwide, with current treatments including ablation or topical application of imiquamod and sciencatic inointment, but low patient compliance and high recurrence rates are significant problems. Recent literature suggests combining imiquamod with other therapies to increase its efficacy. This article was authored by Jianwei Yuan, Guoying Ni, Tianfang Wang, and others.


أعظب الله من الشيطان الرجيم بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم الحمد لله رب العالمين الحمد لله الذي هدان لهذا وما كنا لنا اهددي لو لأن هدان الله الحمد لله الذي انزل الفرقان على عبده ليكون للعالمين نظير وصلاة والسلام على خير خلق ونور عرشي أفضل الأنبياء والمرسلين حبيبنا وسيدنا وسندنا وشفيعنا ومولانا أب القاسم محمد وعلى آله الطيبين الطاهرين المأسومين المظلمين أما بعد فقد قال الله سبحانه وتعالى في كتاب المجيد وقوله الحق وهو أستقص صادقين بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم فاذكروني أذكركم واشكروني ولا تكفرون يا يولدنا آمن استعينوا بالصبر والصلاة إن الله مع الصابرين ولا تقول لمن يقتلوا في سبيل الله أموات بلاحياء ولكن لا تشعرون ولنبلونكم بشيء من الخوف والجوع ونقص من الأموال والأنفس والثمرات وبشر الصابرين الذين إذا أصابتهم مصيبة قالوا إنا لله وإنا إليه راجعون أولاك عليهم سلوات من ربهم ورحمة وأولاك هم المهتدون صدق الله العلي العظيم سلوات الله محمد وأهل محمد أقوم بعمل الله وبدأ أموات بلاحياء في هذه أهلية سعيدة ورائعة ولكن ممانتز ومموت ومعاقب ومجمع ربما ربما ربما ربما ربما ربما ربما نقوم بعمل صلاة أبلاست إيمام حسين عليسات وصلاة وإن أساسه معا صلاة مو عليك يا أبا عبد الله وعلى الارواح التي حلت بفنائك عليكم مني صلام الله أبدا ما بقيت وبقية الليل والنهار ولا جعلوا الله واخر العحد مني لزيارتكو we pray that we visit him we visit him we go see his shrine we go feel the spirit of the Shuhada of Karbala والسلاموا وعلى الحسين وعلى علي ابنى الحسين وعلى أولاد الحسين وعلى أصحاب الحسين وصوص سيدي ومولى يا بل طض العباس واختك زيناب وبنتك رقيا جميعا شهداء كربلاي ورحمة الله وبركاته وعلى محمد وعلى محمد في هذا الليل 1,380 سنوات 1,380 سنوات 1,380 سنوات 61AH إمام حسين عليه الصلاة والسلام كانت في المنطقة يسمى كربلا كانت تسمى ناوى كانت تسمى because the enemy forces wants to obfuscate wants to obliterate wants to annihilate wants to wipe off the religion of God and Earth إمام حسين عليه الصلاة والسلام was the خليفة الله that Allah commanded will rise and stand and under any circumstance that is brought forth towards them they will be indomitable intrepid as we say strong, vigilant and principled unafraid of any consequences for there is nothing greater in the existence under the grace of God than to be upright فأقم وجهك للدين حنيفا فترة الله التي فطر الناس عليها لا تبديل لخلق الله keep your faces upright for that is the mission of life everything we acquire materially our children are wealth they are all the beauty of this world but principle of truthfulness and maintaining harmony to bring peace for humanity and not to be subjected under anyone's tyrannical rule and not to be a slave of anyone every human being is born free and we must die free when God says وَإِذْخَالَ رَبُكَلِ المَلَائِكَةِ إِنْي جَاعِلٌ فِي الْأَرْضِ خَلِيفَةَ الله decreed the Khulafa on this earth why? so that there is harmony there is leadership there is progress but these leaders defy the common leader for the common leader gets into power they only want positive things for themselves otherwise they abandon their leadership they abscond their positions as one would say in English but you find the leaders of God whether they are receiving grace like Suleiman who becomes a king with such wealth that no human being has ever possessed that kind of wealth ever before nor ever after or Ayyub who Allah takes everything away from him yet he doesn't change his tempo with Allah Subhanahu Ta'ala and of course the greatest messengers that we can all put together رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم صلى الله عليه وسلم صلى الله عليه وسلم who is the axis of Deen النبي أولى بالمؤمنين من أنفسهم the prophet has greater right over you than you have over yourselves but that's how central he is to the Deen he is the axis of the religion of God all prophets recognized him from Adam all the way to all the Ulul Azam prophets recognize رسول الله as the axis of prophets who will come and complete the religion of God as a favor to mankind and the reflection of the prophet as the prophet said اهل البيت after me there will be 12 over me اولنا و اوسطنا و آخرنا و كلنا محمد they're all me the first the middle the end they're all me what is their function to protect this message how does it start the prophet says انا مدينة العلم و علي بابها و من أراد المدينة فليأتيها من بابها tonight's commemoration is in recognition of the divine leadership for when you remove such divine leadership and give leadership to illegitimacy it leads to chaos and destruction in the world as is prevalent today and the house of the prophet in the Medina the city as we say مدينة المنورة is under the control of tyrants and thieves criminals who indiscriminately kill because they want power the way shaytan likes it and they claim to be agents of God خادم الحرمين when they are the furthest from the truth they walk around pontificating the way they are the dead and the abbasids did and they are evil and wretched and they continue to forment and destroy the harmony on earth in cahoots with the superpowers of the world using the most sophisticated weapons on the most innocent people such as in Yemen that can only happen when leadership is corrupt tonight's commemoration is recognition of true leadership tonight we recognize where true leadership lies and among us we all have a small component of that leadership you and I need to be leaders in the ummah you and I need to be witnesses for mankind for Rasoolillah and the Ahl al-Bait our witnesses over us when we cry for Zaynab alayhi salam when we cry for Rukaya when we cry for Rabab and all the women who are present in Karbala we should cry to say we will take this banner for you've given enough you are our witnesses now we are going to be witnesses upon mankind which means you and I must practice the Islam and not give lip service and recognize leadership and recognize the command of God and submit to it otherwise we are the promoters of evil in our ignorance we could be or in our outright desire to reject Allah subhanahu ta'ala for there is no excuse under the sky for you and I to say that life was difficult when our blessed Imam has established the finest example that look under such difficulty I have given my family and did you see me complain but other than say we submit to your decree Allah and we submit by your authority for that is true leadership that when the Prophet said أنا مدينة العيل you find these Ahl al-Bayt who are they they are reflectors of Rasool Allah illegitimate leaders are deflectors of Rasool Allah there is a big difference agents of God chosen by Allah and his Prophet reflect Rasool Allah agents who claim to take authority when it's not theirs we'll do nothing but deflect they are called the Ta'aghout in the Quran and Allah says Imam Husayn A.S. did not complain and you and I many of us God forbid have given a praying belief in God fasting charity kindness to each other because we have lost hope complaining to God that why is my life so difficult why isn't it so pleasant as those others around me what excuse do you and I have for tonight when we reiterate the tragedy of Karbala and we can never exhaust this event if we had lectures every night on Aashura 365 days a year I promise you we will not feel and understand the full depth of this great sacrifice you will find many sacrifices have taken place even Hamza Ibn Abdul-Muttalib is Sayyeda Shuhada but no one carries the banner of the highest position as we say the apex of Shuhada as Imam Husayn A.S. and his companions in Karbala you know there are soldiers in America who have died and their parents decided to walk across the United States from the west coast to the east and when asked why are you doing this they said we don't want our children's name to fade away it's a natural phenomenon we all want to keep alive those who die in the cause of God but tell me which death on earth can equal the death of those in Karbala in principle in the highest positions of Haq against Batil the highest position of justice and truth against injustice and falsehood we cannot find any example on earth I challenge it go out and find it never in the annals of history will you and I find anything superior when it comes to the essence of Haq as in Karbala and when the Prophet say there are my protectors there are my gate and whoever wants to enter the city the Prophet says I am the city of knowledge and Ali is the gate whoever has a desire to enter this city must enter through that gate ومن أراد المدينة فليأتيها من بابها انتر from that gate why? because they are the guardians the protectors the Khulafa who will keep the deen of Allah pure who will guide mankind until judgment day and will not allow shaitan to come in and split the deen of Allah and leave us a carcass shell to follow the deen is intact when Allah says to the Holy Prophet ايها الرسول بلغ ما انزل إليك من ربك وإن لم تفعل فما بلغت رسالتك والله يعصيمك من الناس all messenger deliver that which has been promised has been commanded of you to deliver and if you don't deliver then you have not delivered the message we establish this historical component of this message having been revealed upon the Holy Prophet in the last days of his life prayer was established fasting was established the Quran was established was completed the rules and laws that God has given to Adam have been perfected and completed the religion is intact the Kaaba has been purified it has been re-possessed it has been purified it has been purified it has been re-positioned as the center of worship so then why is Allah says if you don't do this then you have not delivered why? you know in Karbala they were Sahaba of Rasoolillah on Yazid's army they were companions of the Prophet on Yazid's army they were Huffad of Quran in Yazid's army you know that some knew the Quran by heart and they still pulled the arrow on the very heart of the Quran amazing how ignorant mankind is that they utter as Allah says they are like pieces of wood embellished but they haven't understood it when Allah says when they are asked who created the earth and sky those disbelievers who kill them will tell you God Allah says you haven't understood God but don't say that say glory be to God there's a big difference when you say God means you're disconnected you're deistic you're contentious you are arguing against God but when you say I submit and I praise him and I recognize his mercy and I follow him and I obey him Allah says few of you know this most of you don't understand we think that because I know Quran because I pray that I'm a pure pious Muslim who doesn't absorb into the heart if the Quran doesn't get absorbed if there's no تفكر and تذكر then God forbid when Imam Sahib was a man reappears God forbid maybe we're on the opposite sides waiting to kill him but leadership comes with that strength of understanding reflection that's why I keep saying brothers and sisters we are the lovers of Ahl al Bayt we honor them we ensure that on these important nights we leave all our works and come and recognize Imam Hussain we come and give ourselves to this night but I advise us all sincerely let's practice it let's bury the hatchet let's bury the animosity let's kill the mischief let's stop the fault finding let's encourage prayer let's encourage God consciousness let's recognize that our leaders are the finest and let's teach ourselves and our children to follow within their footsteps perfectly so that Allah سبحانه وتعالى will bless us وإنتو تيو الله ورسوله لا يلتك من عمالكم شيئا قل إن كنتم تحبون الله فاتبعوني يحببكم الله ويغفل لكم ذنوبكم الله يقول to them they claim to love God إن كنتم تحبون الله فاتبعوني then obey me then God will love you and forgive you and protect you ويغفل لكم ذنوبكم otherwise it doesn't work lip service means nothing to Allah so I wonder how could anybody be on Yazid's side on that day on that fateful day how did they have the audacity to strike the very heart of the walking talking the Quran when they were companions we have it in us tonight it's a night of reflection my brothers and sisters tonight after these lectures go home do zikr do عمال pray to God ask for forgiveness on this very momentous night many events took place in history even the Bible mentions this great night that will happen at the banks of the Euphrates biblically many many events will take place at the banks of Euphrates particularly this that even when Ibrahim A.S follows the command of Allah سبحانه وتعالى that he thinks he is slaughtering his child by the command of God Allah is merciful he will not let a prophet slaughter his child but Allah tests you says do you love me how much do you love me will your children in your wealth come in your way إنما أموالكم وأولادكم فتنا will it come in your way حب دنيا رأسو كل ختيئة the love of this world distracts you so Allah tests وإذبت لا إبراهيم we tested him with a very difficult test and that test was enormous that Ibrahim A.S goes and he asked his son I have seen this in my dream إن أراف المنام that I must sacrifice you the religion of God the religion of God is for mercy but if we don't sacrifice if we're not willing to give up our distractions then our obedience to God is questionable this is why Imam Hussein is so great that he gladly gave his children his sons his nephews 17 members of Banu Hashim were martyred in Karbala 17 of them out of 72 a large portion was from the children of مسلم ابن أقيل the cousin of Imam the one who became شهيد in kufa did they question did they doubt we honor them we name our children after them we love them but Allah will question us on judgment day you name them how much effort did you make to follow their footsteps did you try and Allah says if you get into petty fights and fault finding and gossiping and lack of faith then we've lost it we need to struggle every single day Allah says remember me I will remember you be grateful to me and don't do kufr these representatives in Karbala were obedient servants you and I brothers and sisters I will say sincerely on this important night may Allah bless every one of us here present as we say may God reward us for this grief for the tragedy of Imam Hussein and his message is going to continue to grow there is no greater media on earth than the media of Hussein no media better than this it's growing every day the CIA the KGB the Mossad is studying us very carefully for the tyrants of the world know that if there is going to be a force that is going to bring down goliaths on this earth it is Hussein Ibn Ali's spirit we see it already it's no secret we see the resistance taking place the formulations for what to conquer the world so we can rule the world no we have no interest in that our interest is to bring peace for all of mankind Christians, Jews, atheists, Buddhists, Hindus Muslims everybody needs to live in peace and harmony everybody needs to be allowed to practice the religion because Allah says there is no compulsion in religion قد تبينا رشة من الغي truth is clear from error we are the proponents of truth we do not subject anyone to tyranny we do not subject anyone to forceful submission to religion Allah سبحانه وتعالى ديم تبنى الله وموسى to do that to Fir'aun الله سبحانه وتعالى سبحانه وتعالى for maybe you will incite his heart to come towards me this is the religion we are fighting for this is why we are shedding tears this is why we are in grief this is why we wear black not the ISIS black the one that goes and indiscriminately kills no we cry because injustice took place the kind of injustice is the highest form and if people ask us why do you cry tell them which example can you give me better than such violation of good you and I can go watch a Hollywood movie totally fiction and there is an orphan being abused or orphans being abused and in the movie if you and I do not shed tears then maybe our hearts are too hard though it's fiction but it's not about fiction it's about principles that makes us cry it's about the essence that makes us cry that even if animals are big if there is a Disney movie about an animal being punished you and I should cry because it's not the object it's the principle behind the object and Imam Ali says tears don't come out when hearts are hard when hearts don't get hard until they are filled with sin so let's get rid of sin let's make our hearts pliant let's make it soft that the minute we see any kind of injustice an animal or dog being dragged an insect being mutilated your heart should say stop I don't like that I'm against that why? because I follow the footpath and the footsteps of God in his prophet my religion tells me to be eco-sensitive and to be conscious of the human race and to be conscious of every living thing out there even inanimate non-living things should not be emaciated or obliterated or damaged that's the deen of Allah that Imam Hussein says how do you reach that stage be conscious be principled keep away from evil and when you are cornered remember God the way Yunus remembered Allah Yunus A.S says he called out from the darkness of the whale he said there is no God but you and I am in darkness Allah says and we took him out of his misery and Allah says he would have remained in it until the day of judgment for he would have perished for there is no better living than turning to Allah I mentioned the other day rich people when they are in their hospital beds they are worth a billion dollars not one extra dime will help them be cured what's left tell me what's left pray Salah you say to a person who is sick I pray for you Subhan Allah priceless do you say well I will give you extra money I will bring you new clothes I will buy you a nice house to make you feel good the sick person looks at you and says what's wrong with you I am ill there is nothing that helps us more than Salah prayer research shows Harvard did studies other universities did studies amazing that people who pray were cured faster than people who didn't pray because when you pray there is hope you become the placebo effect you believe that you are going to get cured because Allah says لا تقنط من رحمة الله what I put in you is a universe use it and pray to me get the strength don't leave it it's the only thing that's left when the plane is crashing I remember when my uncle was on a plane filled with Chinese who were mostly atheists and the pilot said we're going to do a landing that's going to be on the belly he started murmuring holding on because your life is now in front of you all in a split second all your plans are ready to be wiped out experts in near death experience say that when persons fall from high places about to die the most incredible experience takes place to them Elizabeth Kubler Ross is a famous expert on death and dying she said people clearly see their entire life from the day they were born to that moment in three dimensional expressions it's all in one second and they will tell you with detail every event in that vision while they're falling Allah says I record everything everything is recorded you have it but why is it when a person is falling Allah is letting them know okay you were thinking it's a foolish thing well here it is and it's a stunning reality that if they survive they tell them that I saw my whole life in front of me in a split second but you will notice that when that plane was crashing they were murmuring Alhamdulillah the plane landed safely the gears opened up true story my uncle asked them do you believe in God they said no then what were you murmuring to God then we believed we didn't believe before right before the crash we believed and Quran says that فلما نجاهم إلى البر فمنهم مقصصد وما يجهدوا بيائاتنا إلا كل خطار كفور كل خطار كفور who is that person the one who Allah says when the wave is covering them they turn to God oh God please save me what comes to mind دعاء صلاح prayer we belittle it I've got no time for this prayer is not important right now it's very important for me most of us are guilty of that but we don't realize that the real essence of life the true meaning is when push comes to shove nothing saves us more so the security that you and I have is دعاء and صلاح and the best security is when you do it when you are comfortable for when you are in grief and you go one could say well you are pulled in that direction and Alhamdulillah it's good we do it for there is nothing better than to pray to God when in grief but I advise us all regardless of grief or no grief constantly remember Allah because there is nothing more powerful in life than that because research shows people who pray are happier healthier and they don't get sick as often but I'm not talking about the prayer of show-off the one of Allah those who are praying not the one who does it to show-off the one who does prayer in secret prayer when you pray and remember God in secret إن الادين يخشون ربهم بالغيب that one gets the most reward and whether you make it public or hidden God says I know what lies in you power of prayer now you might be thinking but that's a person praying but research shows the most amazing reality that even people who don't pray who don't don't even know you or me and if we pray for them research shows that they get cured better than others سبحان الله so let's say you're passing by the hospital and you're going through the ward and you're seeing people on their deathbed or sick and you look at them they don't know you, you don't know them but you pray for them please I beg you my lord أما يجيب المطرّة إذا دعو يا الله bring this person to hell research shows that even the one who is sick doesn't know that they're being prayed for they get cured faster than the ones who are not prayed for what does that say about the divine mercy of God when we talk about this pure high positive spirit of karma as we call it what the rahma of الله سبحانه وتعالى that when we pray in positive ways even if we don't know we're being prayed for we are the beneficiaries of benefits from that point of view what is the best thing to do other than to pray tell me sisters and brothers صلاة الله محمد ويل محمد we don't need researchers to tell us scientists have studied that simply rolling up your sleeves and rinsing your arm if you heard a lie or you heard something negative negative energy by rinsing your arms you forget it research shows it's amazing research even the nature of positive thinking brings positive results just have positive thinking somebody says something negative to you say oh thank you that was very nice I need to learn more الحمد لله thank you for exposing my wrong you know think just be positive you lose something so الحمد لله I'm so glad I lost that maybe it's not good for me positive constant positivity كربلا was entirely positive when Imam was inside this is the most amazing reality of كربلا that while he is cornered his family is being taunted he is being taunted but he says nothing but positive things about Allah positive things about humanity never ever turns any negative into negative this I think is the most powerful thing today we have kids who are talking about suicide suicide has increased by 30% since 2012 more people are killing themselves than being killed depression is on the rise these suicide by the way is forbidden in Islam حرام don't ever say I've had it enough I'm just gonna kill myself don't ever say that ever for if you do that Shaytan's got you for Allah says my mercy under no circumstance should you take it away until it's your time for me to take it you have no right to kill yourself you can never say enough is enough no have faith in Allah there is nothing stronger than belief in faith in Allah even if you are put in solitary confinement nothing is more powerful than faith in Allah Imam Musab Najafad Al-Qadim عليه الصلاة والسلام our seventh Imam was put in solitary confinement for decades yet he was constantly in ibadah the caliph of the time would send people to disturb him but he would not be disturbed in fact he would make them believers even women of bad character would be sent to distract him and he would bring them to Islam and when they would enter they would come back and say he's not there they said no he's under the aba look at him he's doing sujood and ruku ruka an sujadan يبتغون فضل من الله ورضوان سيماهم في وجوه him من أثر is sujood you will see them praying not in extreme ways ISIS like no full of reason full of wisdom full of kindness full of love that if a man came to imam and says I don't like what starts complaining about the imam imam says if what you say is true then I seek forgiveness and if what you say is not true then I forgive you that's positive thinking a man comes to imam and prevents the imam from moving his horse and starts to throw really negative statements against the imam imam say and gently looks at him gets off his horse comes towards the man now typically what would you and I do look at our communities filled with rage we cut each other we demand seats we demand parking we want it we want it it's got to be mine and if you take it from me it's my right what if somebody says a negative thing to us that you are like this and I don't like you we would be enraged the imam looks at the man and says you look tired you must have had a long journey how about you come home we eat lunch together rest and we can continue this dialogue the man begins to cry because he says God knows where to put his leaders for I cannot seem to ignite you negatively و القادمين الغيذ و العفينان الناس they always maintain their anger and they are always forgiving mankind صلى الله عليه وسلم إمام علياليسلام was like that even when he cut the legs of عمر بن عبدوود you know عمر struck إمام علي from above إمام was shorter than him he was taller he had the advantage over him historians say that when إمام علياليسلام comes out of the tent عمر بن عبدوود who was the arch enemy of God a kafir of the highest kind representing the macan army in the early days when he fought in the battle of khandaq the battle of the ditch the prophet asked his companions who will go fight the arch enemy of God everybody was trembling عمر used to wear jewels you know his armor had jewels on it you don't wear jewels you go fight but he's taunting the enemy that you can't kill me look I have my jewels and I'm going to defeat you anyway إمام علي عليه السلام was fully clad he comes and gives him three options leave me become believer or I kill you عمر starts to laugh he says you are giving me conditions إمام repeats it look at that شجاعة رجالون إمام علي عليه السلام إمام علي عليه السلام when the battlefield was a lion nobody could touch him خيبر when Allah says والعاديات يضبح you know when the horse hits rocks it was giving sparks إمام علي عليه السلام gets on the horse and goes to defeat خيبر مرحب was the chief of their fighters nobody could penetrate that fortress the prophet said to his companions watch my brother will go and put the flag up you watch watch him and when he rode the horse and the horse was striking the rocks the sparks were coming out Allah says by the strike of the hoofs of the horse Allah talks about him إمام يتسععلون إمام علي عليه السلام many meanings one is the day of judgment but إمام علي عليه السلام says to معاوية on the day of surfin he says أنا النبي العظيم اللذيهم فيه مختلفون you have a dispute it's me I am that dispute because I am the gate to the city of knowledge and you all want to replace the gate with your own kinds because you want to tear the city of knowledge apart but we will not allow it إمام علي عليه السلام was so swift that when Amr strikes him after the Imam gives him the condition إمام بلوكس it with his shield they say the strike was so hard that it cut through his helmet and it actually touched his scalp but he blocked it and all we heard was الله أكبر because while Amr's hand was up here إمام's hand was down there and he cut his legs off he was so swift cut his legs off and Amr falls now Imam is looking at him the giant of giants fallen people are stunned the mackens are stunned who is this man who brought our giant down he sits in front on top of him he's ready to send him to where he belongs he spits on him إمام walks away comes back and sends him where he belongs people ask why did you walk away he says I was not angry the Imam was not angry but he doesn't want any of us to ever think that he killed for Allah in anger والقاذمين الغير to that accuracy that the Imam walks away comes back and then kills him showing that don't you ever accuse me that when we fight for Allah it is only for Allah for they say when Imam Ali A.S. was breaking bread among the people he was having a hard time breaking it and they said أمير المؤمنين you are أصد الله غالب you are the lion of God you bring giants down you cannot break bread he said bread is for me I am weak I am weak he says أنت المالك وأن المملك فهل يرحم المملك إلا المالك أنت الرازق وأن المرزق فهل يرحم المرزق إلا الرازق إمام Ali A.S. was so humble that when he walked the streets people thought he was one of the beggars there was a beggar who was in the house of Imam Ali Imam Hassan Imam Hussein are feeding him and he is taking food and putting it in his pocket Imam Hussein A.S. notices that and says to him if you need food we will give you you don't have to put it in your pocket he says no it's not for me it's for a person out there who is very poor more poor than me Imam Hussein says describe him to me he says his shoes are so strewn that there is no more room to men his dress is so simple that he is most abject in the way he dresses Imam tells him it's okay don't worry that's the owner of this house صلاة الله محمد و أهل محمد that humbleness yet his wisdom people came and asked him what's the distance between the earth and the sun he gave it in horse trots then some of the companions says Ali you're so quick this is a very complicated mathematical question how did you come up with the answer so quickly should you not take time Imam looks at the companions he says how many fingers he said two Imam says you're so quick and the man looks he says that's what I see my wisdom what Allah has given me to guide you as the Khalifa to Allah don't underestimate it I read hearts I read minds for my justice he says if you open up the seat of justice for me I will not deny an insect that grain of rice that it deserves that level of justice doesn't exist in this world today it doesn't exist among ourselves and our people but those are the kind of readers we have in history there is nobody like them that's why the Prophet said لحمهم لحمين ودمهم دمين اللهم والي من والا وعادي من عدا وانصر من نصرة وخضل من خدل I make peace with those who make peace with them and whoever considers me their master they are your masters obey them and if you don't you will go astray look at the world today it is so ridden with carnage people claiming to be caliphs and taking armies and taking money from enemies of Allah big difference between that and this but you find our imams gentle full of wisdom they hold back anger they are firm they don't allow anything to come in between even a man came to Imam Jaffa Salih and starts cursing the Imam I tell you these stories are important to know because we wouldn't understand it you find that the companions see the Imam is gentle smiling no problem Imam says come with me you companions I will show you the solution to this man's problems you and I don't have that hekma generally so we react falsely Imam takes money and approaches the man's farm and as he's approaching the man is standing by the door and he sees the Imam approaching slowly the man comes to the Imam thinking that now maybe he has a rebuttal maybe he wants to make a you know a counter statement since you said something bad now I need to do justice and I need to give you back Imam says I have come to ask what the price of your land is so the man says why he says I would like to buy it simple but incredibly powerful solution solution the man gives him a number Imam doubles it says I'll give you double you can't refuse that offer can you he said no he said here's the money I bought the land the man looks up the sky he said ya Allah you know where to put your Imam's you know where to put your leaders Imam looks at the companions he says you know why he was angry with me because he knows I'm the agent of God and his land was not producing fruits so he was angry with God his anger came towards me so I solved it for him by pacifying it and giving him what he wants so that he stops having this negative thinking can you imagine such leadership in the world today look around you'll hardly see it Karbala when Allah says وستعينه بالصبري و الصلاة maintain prayer maintain patience and prayer patience prayer لقمان says to his son my son be patient it is a very difficult thing to do وصبر على ما أصابك إنه ذلك من عزم الأمور patience patience is impossible if there is no long term vision I advise us all how do we solve the problem start thinking about the day of judgment start asking ourselves what am I going to answer Allah for all that I've done the prophet said حاسبوا قبل أنتوا حاسبوا do your hesab before Allah does your hesab زنوا قبل أنتوا زنوا wait before God weighs it this thinking calms us down makes us honest trustworthy long term vision which means patience is the most difficult act to practice and here when Allah says عاما نستعينوا بالصبر والصلاة إن الله مع الصابرين I want you to pay attention to what God is saying oh mankind seek help through patience and prayer prayer Imam Hussein asked to pray on the night of ashura prayer they prayed on the day of ashura and as his beings killed and beheaded he's in the state of prayer and they say every prophet before they died they said for without prayer what is the value of the morals of this world it's not an exercise in futility it's deep but Allah in the Quran says something most amazing he says indeed Allah is with the patient ones there's one thing to say that the patient ones are with Allah but when Allah says I am with the patient ones that's a whole different conversation إن الله مع الصابرين ولا تقول لمن يقتل في سبيل الله يمواته بلاحيا don't say those who die in the name of God are dead they they are alive they are alive بلاحيا ولكن لا تشعرون but you cannot see them and we will test you with a thorough test ولا نبلوانكم بشيء من الخوف with fear loss of life how through enemies Allah doesn't send the enemy to punish me no Allah says I gave you limited free will they will be foolish individuals who will let go of their obligations and they will follow shaitan they will have satanic inclinations and they will cause harm and damage for the rest of humanity like MBS today in the occupied territories of jazeelatul arab they buy 500 million dollar yachts in a heartbeat people's money they buy yachts they throw money they come to America and buy the most sophisticated weaponries like prostitutes for what to kill not that group Allah says me the one who gets tested how by those tyrants the jazeeds of today and they will come and harm you and when you speak they will silence you they will send spies to threaten you but don't be afraid of them Allah says don't be afraid give good news to those who are patient when they are in this difficult trial they get down to the core they say they say they say they say they say they say they say they say they say they say they say they say they say they say they say hea from Allah and our return is to Allah Allah says عليهم صلواتهم ربهم professional those are the ones who I send blessings and mercy واعولا هم المؤتدون and these at the ones who will be successful on judgement day Daméling These are the ones who are successful andTT لتذكر الله كل وقت ، ادعوني يستجب لكم وإذا السعلك عباد يعني فإنني قريب عندما يسألوا عني ، حقاً أنني قريب لكن الله يقول ، اجيبوا دعوة الدعيذا دعان اعجبهم عندما يسألوا عني الله 100% اعجبون even animals لكن الله يوجد حالة هذا حالة لا يجب أن يكون لن تنسي الله يقول فل يستجب لي ثم سأعجب لي حقاً أنك يجب أن تكون ويؤمن فيي لعلهم يرشدون لذلك أنك حقاً جيداً يعني أنك and I should not sit around and do nothing أنك and I should do positive things yesterday a brother came to me he said brother you're right I should not ask what's next what can I do next I said bravo now go and do something good go take an orphan and feed them go take care of a child who needs education go clothe the family feed the hungry do something because time is ticking away if you and I don't do good we will lose the great potential of being in the highest stations of the next world please brothers and sisters don't be caught with negatives take every negative and use it positive somebody is saying bad things to you if your parents are not loving you then give them an excuse that maybe they are too occupied but know that they are sacrificing when people say bad things to us say Alhamdulillah maybe they are exposing my real weakness Alhamdulillah they are taking my sins when someone backbites they take the sins when people try to stop us Alhamdulillah resistance is good you go to the gym and you got big biceps you don't pick two pounders you don't pick five pounders it's embarrassing unless you are trying to build muscles in your fingers you take the heaviest which one the one that gives you the most resistance for you know without pain there is no gain how is it that in the world when we have all these trials and tribulations and all kinds of systems out there to stop us from progressing should you and I not think the same in calostatics that that resistance makes us strong how about we think positive that way and say it's okay I'm being challenged I'm being threatened it's okay Allah says use it positively the way my agents in Karbala used to look at each other and they were waiting to enter paradise they were using shahada as a means to reach high stages that when muslim ibn awsaja his breathing is last Habib ibn madar says oh Muslim how lucky you are to see the prophet by the pool of kauthar before me how lucky you are how lucky you are oh muslim ibn awsaja can you imagine having such a conversation in a massacre that's how the imams were that's how the companions were you and I on this night should leave this place and say everything negative I'm going to make it positive for it will bury the hatchet it will take my anger away it will make me wiser it will make me more patient it will make me more long term thinker and inshaAllah I will succeed tonight we conclude as you know I will be giving one more lecture tomorrow night it is important to talk after karbala's event because the real essence of karbala's tragedy starts after the shahada what happened after imams in his companions were killed what happened is where the real essence of the message of imams really comes to fruition when zaynab is challenging when she is challenging when imams zendul abidin climbs up the pulpit and challenges yazid point blank and tells him who he is the revolution of imam hussain went into the belly of the beast and the sacrifices the way the women struggled they were chained and dragged city to city imams zendul abidin was not allowed even to ride a camel he walked he was dragged on the hot sand he was thirsty they used to pour water in front of him to taunt him but he would look up and say imams zendul abidin knew this he knew this and tonight although this happened on the daytime it happened during the day of ashurrah because tomorrow morning in the afternoon I advise us all to go to all these other Islamic centers that are in our neighborhoods go and do amal remember this momentous event make ashurrah the center of our lives never give it up use it as the spirit this and Ramadan fly with it and in between the events of prophets and imams use it as a security measure to keep our heads upright for the story of karbala Imam is taken there unwillingly he negotiates with ibn sa'ad and says to umar let me go to India me and my family we will leave you but don't ask us for this bay'a do not ask us to give allegiance to Yazid we will not do that it is not our way ever under no circumstance now why was Yazid asking for imams zendul abidin because Yazid knew that imam is the imam of the time he wanted to validate if you go back in history you will see Napoleon Bonaparte was a general of the French army when he took control and declared himself an emperor he had no legitimacy he had to ask the pope to come from the Vatican to validate his emperorship a general who went all the way to Egypt to fight a powerful man has no validity until the man of God in his faith comes and validates him and gives him authority Yazid had nothing he needed imam hussain's seal of approval and Yazid was paying money offering money for any kind to legitimize himself imam says I will never do it ever ever in fact when he arrives in Karbala on the 3rd of Muharram he talks to the enemies every time he got an opportunity he would get on his horse he would take Abbas A.S he would take Ali Akbar he would take his companions and they would come in front of the army and he would talk to them all you people listen to me didn't you send me this letter didn't you send me this letter Shabith ibn Rabi did you not write me a letter you they acted like they had amnesia we don't remember they even lied publicly in front of the imam said Allah will reckon what you have said for you have written and you have backed out Rabi ibn this person Shabith ibn Rabi was a mole you know what a mole is a Trojan horse like Samiri who joined Musa to create fitna he was like that for 20 years he created fitna in everything he would enter pretend to be Shia of Ali he would create fitna then he would leave then he would come back and create fitna these were the kind of enemies on Yazid's side but imam used to use the basic argument you claim to be Muslims you do shahadatein imam zain al-Abideen eloquently exposes that in the palace of Yazid when Adhan is being called it was not prayer time but because imam zain al-Abideen was talking and Yazid looks around and he sees his Syrians are all crying because imam zain al-Abideen now it's for the first time telling them what the truth is because these people never heard of the truth because remember his father and his uncle were the commanders of Syria so they lied lied lied first time imam zain al-Abideen is sitting and he calls this this pieces of wood and he's telling the people and Yazid doesn't like it he says to the mu'adim do Adhan do Adhan it's not prayer time just to silence the imam so when he says Allahu akbar imam silence he says Allahu akbar then the man says Ash-hadwan Muhammad he says be quiet you mu'adim be quiet and the mu'adim is quiet he looks at Yazid and the people he said who is this mu'ad your grandfather or my grandfather who is he that Allah has commanded you to honor us in the Quran you killed us you beheaded us and you have taken us as prisoners what kind of Muslims are you it was so simple today we have many schools of thought people are confused which school of thought is right this one nails it if you have any doubt look here and the imam is saying where do you lie where does this truth lie tell me for we are the skyons the center we are the gate to the city of knowledge imam say in alaihi salam comes to the enemy and says who am I my grandfather my uncle Hamza don't you know my father he says don't you know our generation we are the flag bearers we are the ones who purified the Kaaba now you have cornered me and the people turn to death here وإذا تطلع علي أياتنا ولا مستكبرا كألم يسمعها they are deaf they act like they haven't heard you imam says it's okay I have done my hujja on the night of ashur on the day actually on the ninth day the enemy starts to attack because أبي the lightness he had sent a letter to umar ibn sa'ad do not wait get the bay'ah of hussain so umar ibn sa'ad starts to attack imam hussain abbas alaihi salam is on the front lines and he blocks them and imam calls imam sa'ad he said okay what's this what's this commotion why are you attacking us now he says well I've been commanded to take your bay'ah or kill you he said okay if you cannot negotiate with me to leave then give me one night this is the night give me one night or ibn sa'ad let us pray for we love to pray historians say that the ashab of imam hussain was all murmuring zikr of allah in sujood in ruku talking to each other about how tomorrow they're going to see the prophet that vision is the spirit of life that's what really comes our homes our money it's all a distraction this is what comes but many of us don't understand we look at it like okay but I ask us all including myself that please ya'Allah give me that spirit where qasim ibn al-hussain the son of imam hussain alaihi salam goes to imam hussain he says ammu my uncle death is sweeter to me than honey a 13 year old telling his uncle death is sweeter to me than honey what 13 year old would say that because they knew the meaning he stood there firm not afraid I think you and I to reflect ya'Allah how can I get that stability where I see day of judgment so clearly that all my transactions are built on halal and not hara so the day of ashura happens Imam is watching unfortunately they did the zikr at fajr time Omar ibn sa'ad bin Abi Waqas comes with an arrow now he wants to impress ibn ziyad let me give you quick historical reference Omar ibn sa'ad writes to ibn ziyad was the governor and tells him that hussain ibn ali is ready to leave for India I think we should let him go because ibn sa'ad knew imam hussain's position and his position is in trouble ibn ziyad reads his letter and says ya' he won't threaten us anymore maybe it's good shimmer the joshan shimmer the one who beheaded imam hussain was standing next to him he said you're going to allow this man who you've captured and trapped you're going to let him slip by your hands look how shaitan whispers من شر الوصواص الخناص you'll let him come on get him now so ibn ziyad looks at him says ya' because what will ya'zid think ya'zid will think I'm a coward and you know I've got to impress Iblis I need to show Iblis how evil I am so you're right get his bay'ah right now right there stamp it and tells him if ibn sa'ad becomes weak in any way you take the command so when ibn sa'ad is reading this he looks at he looks at he says you're not getting this this is the jealousy now you want to take over my command I love this power I want to be the governor I'm not going to let you take it over you watch how mean I'm going to be I'm going to be extra mean to convince Iblis my master how much I serve him so umar ibn sa'ad comes in the morning and he pulls the arrow he says all of you witness umar ibn sa'ad is the first one to throw this arrow to begin this war what a bold move for jihad you cannot start the war you have to defend the war so we know who the kafir is we know who the kufar are and the battle begins and imam is watching from fajr it goes on Abbas comes back and forth zuher ibn khayn comes back and forth all the companions go they get killed imam is watching he consoles some of them as we discussed it happens back and forth and in karbala every age was represented every gender male female was represented all ages were represented all races were represented blacks whites yellow brown everybody was there people of all kinds were representing imam because karbala is the template to win so the battle starts and it goes on and imam was so strategic he was not suicidal he wanted to defeat the enemy it's bast but he was limited his capacity was limited so brilliantly historically he broke his army into three parts Abbas in the middle zuher ibn khayn on one side and habibi ibn madahir on the other side he says three of us will flank so the enemy's large size will not attack us from the sides and that's how the battle took place from fajr all the way to the har a large army was still intact imam was in the army was killed quite a few but still a large was still intact a large was left show you how strong they must have been to fight 30,000 soldiers subhanallah that's incredible in the annals of history to hold 30,000 soldiers with a mere 72 warriors is unprecedented that's the will of god but look it became time of salah as salah the imam says i can continue to fight but why are we fighting if not for salah so he requests ibn sad stop this attack we want to pray they said your prayers are not accepted they taunt imam was saying negative he takes it positive no problem Allah says لا يحظنك كفرهم لا يحظنك قولهم إن العزة لله جميعا honor is with Allah don't let what they say get you you stand upright and Abu Thamama looks at imam was saying he says how beautiful it would be to pray behind you before we become Shaheed imam looks at Abu Thamama and says Abu Thamama how honored we are to have you may Allah raise you among the most prayerful ones for remembering prayer on this very very important day imam is praying salatul khauf and Abu Thamama is praying with him in salatul khauf and holding the shield as they are praying they say so many members of imam's army were killed by the enemy cowards they were cowards they were waiting for the opiest people to finish salat but this is how bad they were they held back water they held back they didn't even allow the imam to finish praying they were striking striking and finally imam goes back in fights until everyone is martyr Abbas is martyr Ali Akbar is martyr everyone is martyr it's time for the imam to go and tonight we remember him tomorrow you will remember him more he goes to his wives the enemy is waiting now they are hitting the horses Hussein come out we are waiting for you imam is looking he goes to his wives and bids them goodbye ربا فليلا was there مفروه he bids goodbye to imam محمد باقر little child bids him goodbye for his the 50 mom he bids goodbye to all his relatives then he takes his little daughter روخية can you imagine they say روخية loved her father so much she used to sleep on his chest every night when she would sleep at night she would sleep on his chest she loved him so you know what imam was saying says روخية she says my love I am leaving what daughter but she was so wise so intelligent when she was 4 years old but she understood the gravity he says but don't worry like your grandmother صحراء صحراء the prophet whispered into her ears 2 things he said I am leaving soon and you will join me soon he says it's the same thing he says I am leaving but you will join me very soon روخية to tell this 4 year old child this is incredible and profound he goes to zaynab and of course روخية is holding on he goes to zaynab and says zaynab be strong all zaynab you know zaynab aleyha salam was the female version of alim nabi talib she was the female version when she spoke people thought it's alim nabi talib talking that's how zaynab aleyha salam was strong humble full of wisdom he bids her goodbye hugs her it's his sister be patient they will drag you city to city they will try to humiliate you but be patient I won't be there to protect you and don't hurt yourself be patient maintain your flag the women were the flag of modesty in karbala there were 2 things modesty and media he leaves that authority to zaynab aleyha salam then he goes to imam zaynab as you know imam zaynab aleyha salam says and a weak voice comes from the tent says I respond to you oh father you have called I am here imam zaynab aleyha was the elder son but he looked very young but he was ill in karbala he was bedridden imam goes towards him and holds him and says my son my time has come for me to go my time has come for me to go and I relieve this imamat روح القدس to you they say the imam breathed whispered into his ears روح القدس left the imamat to him they said the روح القدس opens thousands of doors for they take over the imamat the way the prophet loved it to imam aleyha salam and he says I can't be patient but much trial will come to you much trial will come to you علي ابن الحسين زين العبدين زين العبدين the beauty of prayer the beauty of worship I can't imagine how the feeling must have been for the son to look at his father under these conditions wanting to help his father but imam zayn says you must not fight for the imamat is with you الله will continue this imamat as he promises and then he puts on his yamani clothes some historians say father with the zahra salamullahi aleyha stitched it herself and she gave it to zayn I said they will come a time when your brother will be in difficulty give him this dress to wear let him wear this it's the yamani trousers imam says give me those yamani trousers historians say that imam zayn aleyha salam took his clothes and tore it started tearing it and the reason he did that he says I want to devalue this dress lest they take it from me and leave me without clothes they say when he bought the land from the banu Assad he said tomorrow soon a great event will take place you will see he bought his love and buried please bury us for the enemy will not do it imam say to them and if you don't have the time then bring your children to play and take the sand and throw it over our bodies because this enemy will not do that for us he tears his trousers and he gets on his horse and the enemy is eager the lion of Allah is now being waited for and the enemy was waiting to get his body to get his head so they could go claim the money and imam zayn aleyha salam gets on his horse bids everybody goodbye but his horse is not moving he looks below he sees his daughter rukhaya still holding his mama wait he gets off his horse again and hi sir bids her goodbye he says rukhaya cried every night she could not bear the separation from her father until she died what father can ride on a horse tell me and leave this beautiful daughter behind what father can go and say ya Allah I'm going towards you but I love this daughter of mine Allah says don't worry have the wakala Allah from me I will protect them and if they die I will raise them very high so as the imam approaches the enemy they are all running away he comes near them they are afraid all the cowards all cowards running around imam goes around like moving his sword the cowards they are all scared imam says come you come for me haven't you this is aleib na betalib now he is shujat his ability to fight was like his father taught by his father and he was a master of fighting historians say imam starts striking and hitting and killing and he was so agile the enemies knew that if imam fought one on one he would kill and kill and kill but historians say Hamid ibn muslim was present imam by the way brought some historians on the sidelines to write what happened this is why we have some of these messages imam is fighting and then they circle him they circle him and they start showering him with arrows so many arrows were going towards and the women are looking this way and saying ya Allah they were on the hill looking down Zainab is looking the wives are looking this lion is going back and forth but what was he reciting you know what was he reciting imam was a walking talking Quran as he is fighting he says ام حسبت ان أسحاب الكاف و الرقيق كانوا مناية I have not taken account of the ashab al kaf how amazing was there and the inscription how we preserve them imam is telling them I am going to win even if he killed me my message is like the message of ashab al kaf we will watch you wither away oh you banyuma ya we will win this and I will never bow to you and they shout him so much they come close to his horse he can't even move his horse and they jump on him and they strike him so much now he is down arrows everywhere on his body they are only going to kill him imam cannot move he is immobilized his horse is standing he is on the ground his sword is cannot move each one wants to forget his hat because that's the boot that's the loot that's the one that is going to be paid the most so they turn him around and they say imam is looking he is doing dua he is waiting for that moment but they demand the death and you were happy he loves this death he wants it like his father enemies jump on him they see the prophet's face they get off they say we can't kill him oh my god light is thrown in his face how can we kill such a man how can we kill such a man شمر العنطل he was ruthless he was cold like a crocodile spineless and he gets on the chest of imam and he removes the head from the sword إرجع إلى ربك راضي أتن مرضي فدخلي في عباد come back oh you whose soul is well please come back he hears this noise and he opens up the tent he says على قد قتل الحسين على قد ذوبي حل حسين he sees his father out on the sphere not happy to kill him they come and tear his clothes they tried to get the ring of his finger but it wasn't coming off so they cut it historians say that they were not happy even then so they brought horses even saad said trample his body and crush it because he didn't give us maya that anger of Allah says موتو بغي يدكو and he the companions in the tent heard the cracking voices of the bones as the horses are crushing this is our blessed imam who is saying I respect the sisters and girls the pain and the struggle for the truth is priceless let him live in our hearts forever for our blessed imam has given the greatest sacrifice in history let us be real حسين و سيعلم الذين ذلموا أن يمون قلبين ينقلبون صلى الله عليهكي يا ابع عبد الله صلى الله عليهكي ابن رسول الله صلى الله عليهكي يا حسين ابن علم السلامو عليك يا ابع عبد الله و على الروح التي فِنَيْكَ لِكُمْنِيْ سَلَامُوا أَبَدَانْ مَا بَقِيْتُوا وَبَقْيًا لَيْلُ وَنَّهَا وَلَا جَعَلَوا وَأَخِرَ لَحْدِ مِنِيْ لِزِيَارَتِكُمْ السلام على الحسين وعلى علي بنى الحسين وعلى سحاب الحسين سوصا سيدي ومولا يا بالفن للعباس وأختك زينا وبانتك كان قيا جميعا شودي كربلا ورحمة الله مبركاته اللهم يكون لي وليك الحجة ابن الحسين صلواتك علي وعلى فيها وفي كل سام ولي يا فضى وقائدا سرون ودليلا حتى تسكنه أرضكا توعة وتمتعوا فيها طويلا برحمتك يا أرحم الراحي أما يجيبوا مُتَرَيْدَا دعا ويكشِفوا السُّوء أما يجيبوا مُتَرَيْدَا دعا ويكشِفوا السُّوء يا رحمتك يا أرحم الراحي صلوات الله محمد وعالي محمد صلوات الله محمد وعالي مرحبا يا أرحم الراحي أرحم الراحي أسأل الله سبحانه وتعالى to grant us success أسأل الله سبحانه وتعالى to grant us health to grant us a cure to grant us tranquility to grant peace and tranquility to those who are in need of prayer إن شاء الله we have a reciter who is going to recite Latmiyad let's join as you know Latmiyad what we recite it's to invoke that spirit of sadness within us may Allah give us the strength to continue to do it صلوات الله محمد وعالي محمد


Yn gwybod, ac mae'r ddweud i'r ddweudio ddweudio, dwi'n ddweudio chi'n ddweudio. Rwyf wedi'i ddweudio'r Llyfr Black, ddim yn ymdilligol, i ddweudio'r llyfr yng nghyd-ddiol am ymddilligol ar y taeth. Yn gwybod, mae'n gwybod, unrhyw ymdilligol, unrhyw ar yr ysgol, lwyddoedd yn 500 o bobl, o'i ddweudio ar argyfrifon a'r oed yn y cyfrifon yn ymddilligol ar y llyfr. The Senate House we have one archivist in a library context, but the other was of course that as a university At the Senate House we are a teaching and learning organisation we are full of students and we are about training up the next generation of professionals. My remit when I arrived at Senate House was to bring in money to set up licensing partnerships between content and publishers which I have been doing for decades and I wouldn't say I could do it in my sleep but it was kind of the day job, ychwphe ddim i gydag i ddim yn ystod o'r unigol fyddai yn ffraeg i gyda'r unigol. iawn i ddweud y cysyniadau, i'r ysgolion a'r tyfu byddai yn ymlaen. Rwy'n cael ei gael i gydag o'u'r pender o Baby Panda. Rwy'n gweithio i'r ddweud yma'r ysgrifennu. Fyddwch chi'n ei wneud oherwydd y prosiectau o'r radar oherwydd ei wneud eich bod yn gwybod y newid ymlaenau o'r partyn ystod oedd ymlaenau is the archive of the Cusich Archer Trust. Just to light a bit bright to see the pictures, isn't it? I hope you can focus on them. To give you a bit of, thank you, a bit of context about the archive itself. The organisation started out of UCL in 1977 when archaeologist Dr Ann Kendall set off into the high Andes and her aim was to rediscover and if possible reconstruct the Inca infrastructure up in the very high Andes, which had made some incredibly challenging terrain rich and productive until the Spanish colonists arrived. The Incas, we think of archaeology as the prehistoric unwritten past. Of course, in their last throw, the Incas were contemporaries of Shakespeare and their civilisation was extremely sophisticated and expert at managing a very, very challenging landscape. Steep slopes, high altitude, poor soils, and making a very productive landscape. When the Spanish arrived, they saw this landscape through European eyes, mountain slopes are for grazing, and a lot of this infrastructure fell into disrepair, collapsed, silted up or was otherwise left unused. So when Ann arrived in 1977, supported in the early days by the British Army in pre-Forkland days, her mission was to see how much of that infrastructure survived and how much, if any of it, could be reconstructed to bring a bit of life and productivity back into the valley. What started as a purely academic archaeological curiosity grew with each summer's digging season into a project which brought not just archaeologists, but soil scientists, ethnographers, anthropologists, engineers out from the UK, many of them from the University of London. Over the years, they succeeded in reconstructing and reinstating a lot of that infrastructure. They redugged the dupons that collect meltwater at the end of the winter and feeds water down through those terraces all year. They reconstructed traditional dwellings, they re-established native crops for food and medicine, they revived traditional weaving and land management systems, and pretty much returned self-sufficient productivity to what was a very empty valley when they arrived. They faced wildfires, altitude sickness, alarming levels of disease, but every year, as the work built up, over our summer, the Andean winter gave them the dry, bright conditions that they needed to dig. Over those 40-year digging seasons, they've succeeded in reviving the valley. It's repopulated and the trust's work has been handed over to the Peruvian government and now runs as an NGO called the Associación Andina Cusichaca, which continues their work and protects the legacy on the ground. However, all of that work over 40 years produced a lot of written evidence in archaeology, as I'm sure many of you know.  Layer by layer needs recording. The paper records and photographs built up, there are about 120 linear metres when the collection came across our notice. It's a substantial, unique archive that has really remained relatively untapped simply because it's inaccessible. For many years it was in a Peruvian monastery, then a British Airways hold, then to Anne Kendall's house in the Cotswolds. When she retired to Spain, it was put in a shipping container, which you can see here, a very well-appointed one, a shipping container in a barn in Warwickshire. The reason I'm talking about it today is because the Secretary of the Trust was an ex-student of the SAS Institute of Latin American Studies. He'd studied under Linda Newsom. He came to her in the summer of last year with a plea. The trustees are now, as you can imagine, a little bit beyond their digging years, and they wanted to find a permanent home, a legacy for that record of all their work, ideally in the institution where it all began back at the university. Better still, with some digitisation thrown in to ensure that the material is widely used around the world by everyone who works on inkier archaeology. Now, as I'm sure most of us have experienced, if you go to your boss and say, can we bring in a shipping container full of unsorted papers, instinctive responses, no. Mainly, in our case on the grounds we don't collect archaeology. Conversations began initially as there's someone who's doing digitisation, isn't there? Can we talk to her about finding a partner who would just do that for us? Initially I was brought in as a matchmaker to bring companies who might want to publish this material to the trust. Two publishers with strong records in Latin America and archaeology came and had a look and soon began to salivate. The fact, of course, is that 80% of US archaeology courses teach the inkers. There are very few, if any, new digs and this is real raw material that no-one's seen before. The archive was already receiving between eight and nine PhD research requests a year while it's still in a barn. So we really do know that there's raw material there with immense research potential. It also became obvious quite quickly as you've heard already that it isn't just archaeology. There are all sorts of allied disciplines and after effect disciplines, if you like. There's the engineering, the anthropology, the ethnobotony, the soil science, the social history, the politics, shining path interrupted a lot of the digs during the political unrest in Peru. There's post-colonial history and, of course, there's the record of the times itself, the 70s and 80s when this team were out in Peru. The world that they found, these indigenous life styles that had remained largely unaffected for many years have now long gone. So the professional photographers and documents that are coming out of this archive record the world of Peru in the 70s and 80s every bit as much as it does the inkers. When the trustees got out there, they encountered extended families like this, in thatched huts, in tiny fields. They'd walk into these huts and find guinea pigs scuttling round on the floor at dinner, not as pets, unfortunately. Babies hanging from hammocks in the rafters. It's a land that has in many ways disappeared and in many ways for the better, but the 70s are beginning to look as much like a lost world as the inkers, especially for the archaeologists staggeringly inappropriate work wear. I don't think any of us would turn up in somebody else's landscape. Dressed quite like that these days. The 70s almost looking as historic as the past that the archaeologists were excavating. As I said, we started out with 120 unsorted linear metres, but there was a good file level description in the form of a spreadsheet which the trustees have spent a long time taking. They grouped every type of document into archaeology, admin, publicity, etc. A conservation survey was undertaken in the spring of 2016 which showed that neither the thin air of the Andes or the cold wet air of Warwickshire seems to have done that much damage except to that photograph, obviously. So far so good, but obviously the missing ingredient for any putative accession with or without a box list is a catalogue. And that's where the next piece of the jigsaw comes in. I mentioned I've been at TNA and one of my ex-colleagues there who I'm sure many of you will know is the wonderful Dr Jenny Bunn who is now running Nextdoor's the UCL Archiving Records Management Masters programme. I wondered if they used real live unprocessed archives to teach archaeologists what to do. So we had lunch and yes they do. And then we spent one of the coldest days on record standing in the shipping container getting more and more excited by what we found there and we hatched the plan to use that material after a good old sort out and de-duplication over the summer as the teaching material for their curation and processing course this very term. We spent seven days over the summer de-duplicating getting rid of masses of printed books off prints of articles, stacks and stacks of the same publicity leaflet and we've got it down to about half of what it originally was and we boxed it. As you can see this is work in progress. It now fits in 300 archival boxes apart from those maps and plans which are still standing up in cupboards. And then in September out it went loaded onto two vans and it is now installed in the Durning Lawrence Library within the Senate House. This was a Shakespeare scholar's original library in cupboards and that's the teaching room that the class are using this term to sort it all out for us and hopefully describe it. We're now well over halfway through the term from a predicted course occupancy of 20 once the teaching material went up on the moodle and the news that you'd be working on real live Inker Archaeology we had 37 students start and here they are crammed into the room, working away the bright sharp-eyed wolf spot the Wiener Library's ex-library in here at the front, one of the students we have two archaeology graduates and even more stunningly a Cusichaka baby one of the students' parents met as archaeologists on a dig for the Cusichaka trust no one knew that before she arrived and they are learning their craft from the start with this material that's come down from the mountains. Their first exercise was pick a box any box, you have one hour then tweet your box everyone rummaged, everyone tweeted tweets came up on screen in the room and they began to critique and find the terms that they were sharing, common ground comparing what they were doing then they swapped boxes, swapped for another medium if you had slides before go for publicity if you had publicity go for admin etc now you've got five minutes then tweet your box it's a little bit like Bake Off and the result is a very buzzy hive mind approach to archival description which I think a lot of certainly my generation of archivists would find slightly unnerving the traditional approach is one person a long time one brain getting intellectual control over a collection and then we describe it this method very very different and it's a fantastic example of the disruption of having that digital as well as a group of people to change not just how we can take material in but the very act of archiving and describing material at all there is of course a bit of grumbling a bit of resistance, it's not ideal our 300 boxes too much for one term and 30 people yes, yes they are next year we've been told any more than 100 box and we get slupt wrists but you have to start somewhere and this was the most phenomenal opportunity we're hiring a project archivist to work on a paid basis for at least six months from January to tidy it all up and pull it together so that I can run a competition to get one of those commercial publishers to scan it, digitise it make it freely available in Peru and put it to work for us in the US universities outside that system no profession changes shape or nature in the space of one term maybe even the space of a generation but one thing is clear from that exercise this exercise that without the benefits of experimental risk taking projects like this we simply would not be able to accession anything like this sort of scale of material certainly within one year and I'm not claiming that partnership in this sense is unique or original it's been going on for many many years as we know but I do think it's worth setting this particular approach in the wider context of these future special collections and archives within universities as reported on in the RLUK TNA report this year special collections and archives are what differentiate us from each other they do have amazing brand value when you're talking to your vice chancellor they reek of heritage and specialness and they're great for a prospectus I'm not arguing that we should accession only things that are of the moment or fashionable but we do have to keep pace today's researchers in our institutes are looking at postcolonial Latin American that are absolutely buzzwords for the institute and for the wider university so we have got under that wire if we don't take archaeology which is to return to the idea that a partnership approach like this actually fits strategically with how the library sits within the university as opposed to my role just being purely about bringing in money when we as curators look at the digital landscape and the financial pressures of providing world-class research and reader resources I believe a strategy that prioritises bridge building and partnerships to bolster, enable and sustain our special collections in cyberspace is the most sustainable way ahead and that's why the title of my paper is building happy bridges because here she is and on the Cusichaka bridge Cusichaka is a Quechua word that's the native language of Peru and it means happy bridge thank you for listening


Hello my sweet sweet friends in Monet Cafe. I am so thankful to be able to bring you this video because so many of you have been asking how everything is going. Many of you who are subscribers know that my studio and my home has been flooded because of Hurricane Irma. Way too much to go into here but I know many of you have asked how things are going. I was able to save many of my art supplies. I can't get to them right now. Some things were lost and many things in our home were lost but you know what as Americans we have way too much stuff anyway. So we are living in a travel trailer now and we're actually restoring another property that we had. It was an old home that we were kind of doing like the fixer-upper show trying to renovate it and it's coming along. It's going to be a little while but the process of restoration of our home that flooded is going to take a while. Again a lot lost but you know our home is in heaven so we are going to be just fine and the thing I miss the most are the spiritual things not the physical things the things that I love the painting. It's not about the actual painting is about the process and of course sharing with all of you and communicating with you actually now in our Facebook group. I miss that. I mean I log in and I see the beautiful paintings but I'm not able to share my videos anymore for the moment so that's why the title of this video is Monet Cafe Lives On. We will get things recovered and be able to I already have ideas for the next studio. I think it will probably be just a few months before I'm able to start making videos again. So that's my hope and my prayer and the great thing is Monet Cafe is not flooded away by the floodwaters it lives on through all of you and I'm so thankful that it is about it's about us it's not about me and we have a beautiful group of people learning and growing together. Please join the Facebook group if you haven't already if you're seeing this video for the first time please subscribe to this channel because again Monet Cafe is coming back stronger than ever and it's because of all of you. So anyway without further ado I think it's appropriate this final painting that I did before the flood was of this lion. It's a very spiritual image for me. The Bible speaks of the Lion of the tribe of Judah where our creator will come back and restore all things to the beauty and the perfection that it was intended to be and so wow is that just like so poetic or what and very appropriate with the situation I'm in. So enjoy this I am going to do a voiceover and give a lot of instruction on how to approach this painting not just painting animals painting people with using a lot of colors that you wouldn't normally think if you're a beginning artist you wouldn't think oh I can't use purples and greens in in the in faces or in animals and for fur but there's some really nice little things you can use strategies of color that you can use that will make your painting pop with color and and stand out as art rather than just a reproduction of a photograph.  Anyway love all of you and here we go. Okay so at this point you can see I have in my sketch I think I actually did use just regular pencil you know kind of lightly to do the the the drawing and now I don't use pastel pencils often unless as in this case I need to get into a really small area and I'm going to be focusing a lot on getting this eye correct in portrait work whether it's people or animals it is so crucial to anatomically get things correct especially that eye you know they say the eye is the window of a soul of the soul and I believe that is true and it's true in art that you know for your work to look professional there's some things that are worth taking the time to measure and get correct and even though I have the pencil sketch at this point you can see with my hand there I'm I'm constantly measuring still you know because I want to get even my values and my shading and everything accurate and in the correct places so here I am using a medium to dark value purple and what I'm doing is basically getting in a value study I talk about value studies all the time in my other videos and so the same thing applies when you're working on any type of portrait work you've got to basically just get in the darks and the lights and then start a carving out I always think I'm like carving as much as I'm painting with pastels I just love this medium but also notice too that I use what I call I don't know if it's the correct term but just directional strokes that's one of the tips that I like to give with with portrait work or really anything landscapes you want your your strokes to go in the direction that they would in in real life and so whenever I'm doing like the fur you want to lay those values in directionally you know how it's falling how it's how it is laying on the face and so you may notice that that's how I try to maneuver the pastels now I'm using a dark I believe it's a Terry Ludwig dark might be even the eggplant because the darkest area the darkest value in this in the face of this lion if you look at the reference image you can see it's the nose most definitely especially that left lower side of the nose and the creases in the mouth you know where it joins the bottom jaw there and also the eye there's some dark shading on that crease of the eye and also up in the ear that you can't see where I've cropped it off here so I'm just once again you've got to establish the darkest darks so that the rest of your values will be cohesive and an accurate so now I'm getting in some of those lighter values I noticed down actually under the chin now you can't see because I'm using this I'm getting the reds in the nose there but I saw some pinks even in that fur underneath the chin so I just got in a lighter pink just to kind of not just establish value but a establish my color palette I'm praying right there and praising the Lord in fast motion there so again I'm I'm looking now to always at where is my light source and it's usually pretty easy to find it you just look where the light is highlighting on something and in this case in the reference photo you can see the light source is on from the the right side you can see it on the nose on the the bottom of the chin and so I'm constantly look at my face looks funny there I'm squinting I always give that a suggestion squint you know squint your eyes really tightly and look at your reference image and you'll be able to see the lightest values so again now I got in the dark values now I got in those light values where the where the sunlight is shining on the nose and the chin now again I'm establishing more of the the color values now see how I grabbed that green again like I said you can use green and purples and colors that you wouldn't normally think are in a face but they are so many times we think that faces like a human face is tan or different shades of brown but depending on the light in the room or the light from the Sun there are so many colors that are in in shadows and and in the light and what's a great thing to do as an artist is to train yourself to see these colors not in real life you know in your everyday life is to constantly study you know even if you're just looking at someone or something and and just ask yourself what colors are in this I get asked all the time is how do you know to pick up that green or and I think it just comes from being a student of the world and also to one thing I will say that has helped me in knowing what types of colors I can use is working in Photoshop I have been able to use Photoshop to basically just get a little sample of a color somewhere in a reference photo and I will see that when it does the color picker it's called if you're familiar with Photoshop you'll know what that is then you can see what the color is and often it's not what you think it is so that that really helps a lot that might be a little advanced but but anyway going to continue to work here for a bit and add some commentary so now you can see I am beginning to sketch in the background still keeping it very loose nothing very detailed or descriptive at this point I did happen to like in this photo the reference photo how the background was very blurry that's a wonderful technique that you can use which is actually correct with with good art is that our distant images get less value less color and less detail and it's just a great illusion that we can do to create that sense of depth now I apologize here I had some camera problems I didn't realize somehow my camera was not recording so you can see it jumped ahead into the painting but you know you can see now here I am working on getting that I and again it is so crucial for me to get that it's it's like an emotion I want to capture with his eye I want it to be confident and fierce yet loving at the same time if that can be accomplished again I think of the biblical reference of the line of the tribe of Judah which represents Christ and at his return there will be some fierceness to make things right again and but it is all in love he is love and so that is what I'm trying to get accomplished in in this eye and I often pray while I'm painting and I did end up liking the finished expression that was accomplished after this painting so you can see now I mean it's just more than you think when you're trying to get the values right around the eye I had to add that that white underneath the eye also to not just studying what you see but studying your subject matter in general is always a good idea for example get online or wherever and start studying lions look at how their facial structure is of their bone structure look at how their markings are and I know typically that the lions do have that white kind of around the bottom of their eye and and around their nose and of course on their chin too so you know just constantly analyzing and learning art is never ending and it's a wonderful thing we can continue forever and never exhaust the things we can learn as artists so I apologize sometimes if you hear noise on this video I'm trying to help that as much as possible to make the audio clear but where we're staying now until we can get a home renovated is in a travel trailer that happens to be kind of near a road it's pretty good right now but sometimes it gets rather noisy but anyway so I'm gonna continue to just let you guys enjoy the painting process and I may pop back in here every so often now you can see I'm further establishing the background I did like how when I had just blocked it in before how those trees in the background almost looked like the three crosses on the hill you know at Calvary but I thought that might be a little too cliche so I thought it's probably best just to have it a subdued forest so again I'm working on getting that pushed back so that it's believable as distant trees again you don't want sharp edges you don't want a lot of detail you don't want dark values or bold color in background distant things you know whether it's forest or mountains or whatever and so I'm getting the warmer grasses towards the front and cooler greens and blues in the background also too I wasn't quite sure on in the reference image you see that log that's like looks like he's standing near a big log or a tree can't really tell what it is and I was praising the Lord again it wasn't clear on whether or not I wasn't clear on whether or not I should leave that in in there so that's why I'm kind of avoiding it and if you've seen the final painting you can see I decided it was a bit of a distraction I decided just to make it more like a non-descript grasses or whatever in the background so that the main focal point is him and that's one neat trick you can do as an artist too is you control what the viewer focuses on by what you give more detail less detail more value less value and in this case I want it to be the lion of course then I want the eye to play around in the image a little bit and meander through the painting so then I can kind of get an idea of where I want the focal points to be so that's something you just get better at in time and you know anybody can learn to do this some people do have more of an artistic gift than others the Lord gives everybody their own gifts and so you know don't get discouraged if these things don't come quickly to you because just like anybody can learn to play piano you know you can learn it there are rules you can follow some people just happen to have that beautiful gift and so if you love it you most likely have a gift and you may not have the same gifts others have you you don't actually nobody has the same gifts but you absolutely can learn it and as I always stress I want you to enjoy art not constantly comparing yourself to others or getting so frustrated see I'm talking to myself here because these are things I have done I don't do it as much anymore I really have learned to enjoy the process I got the greatest compliment from someone who commented on in a one of the comments on on one of my videos and they said I was like a female Bob Ross I loved that if you're as old as me you remember Bob Ross he was the gentleman who who had the crazy hair and would teach painting lessons I believe it was on public television and he didn't only teach painting but he encouraged and inspired and you just felt at peace when you watched him and so again that is the greatest compliment because I hope not just I'm giving art lessons but I hope I'm giving just some positive feelings as well now again you can see I'm still working on this and trying to figure out what I'm going to do with that log I think at this point but I've got a lot I really am happy with the the background trees and so now I'm gonna paint a little bit more and then I'm gonna add a few comments at the end when I show you what I do with the fixative I use some fixative and you'll see how I do that alright so enjoy until I comment again okay so this jumped ahead a little bit where I'd added some darker values usually down deep at the ground in the bottom of the grass is you're gonna have your dark colors that are like dirt colored and darker values and so I got those in it gave some richness and it also brought those grasses more to the foreground because of the warmth in color and their boldness pardon for the hopping around in the video here now I just I don't know I felt like I should have some purples in there too but I played around with this if I remember correctly and I actually felt like I wanted to get it even more loose so I ended up just blending it a bit I think I used my pipe foam insulation you may have noticed in some other videos just to blend because I was gonna use the technique which you'll see in a little while where I spray it with fixative I don't spray fixative to fix the painting at the end but I do use it to manipulate what I'm trying to accomplish as far as getting down more layers there I popped up the Blair there you see it really quick again I kind of took this from the wonderful artist Karen Margolis she uses the Blair fixative the low odor fixative in a way that I really love so I've emulated that and see how that allowed me you got the dark like ground and with the fixative on top I was able to take that pastel and just kind of hint at those grasses on top and it really gave more of an impressionistic look instead of just the pastels on the sanded paper by the way I failed to mention this is I believe the Sennelier Lecart paper it comes in a pad this particular sheet was I don't know if it's called tan or something but it has this pretty seagrass blue it has a dark it has some lights in the pad and I really love this paper I talk about you art paper a lot which I love but I love the Lecart Sennelier paper it's a little bit more coarse and for me it helps to keep that impressionistic style so lots of choices lots of things we can use and you can just learn so much from other artists now I am getting in these these whiskers I'm trying to get them correct they're not showing a whole lot on the back but I still want to hint at that and I'm using a harder pastel here a soft pastel is going to give you way too thick of a line for these whiskers and there are some artists who have better techniques for getting this people who do a lot of cat portraits and things but mine again is just giving a hint at it I want to make sure I get them again anatomically correct I mean they don't have to be perfect but you want to get it in in the way that whiskers typically grow I'm always amazed at how long whiskers are on cats and I've heard I don't know if this is true but their whiskers are kind of used as feelers to know how what they can fit through you know and just ways that they move and things that they go through and they they judge their sense of distance with their whiskers I don't know if that's true but it sounds really cool okay so same thing they have whiskers on their eyes as well I got that one a little long but you can just kind of blot it out with your finger and soften it pastels are very forgiving a lot of people think oh my goodness you can't paint over them and what do you do if you make a mistake but as you work with these you learn there are lots of little tricks you can do to correct things so I'm kind of getting this wrapped up here and I just wanted to say how much I miss all of you but I am confident that I will be back soon making videos our lives are just so busy right now that I literally have no time to paint and again all of my paint supplies are the ones that I saved are stored away they're very hard to get to right now they're packed away in an attic as far back with everything in front of them when we were trying to save stuff from the floodwaters but anyway I I'm looking forward to getting my new Monet cafe studio and don't unsubscribe to the channel stay tuned for more and please if you haven't already join the Monet cafe art group that's the name of the group on Facebook you will get so many suggestions advice you could you could see all the beautiful art that's on there and all of the other artists from every level beginning to advanced are so helpful so Monet cafe like the title of this video says lives on it lives on through you Monet cafe is not me it is all of us and so I'm just so happy that we are all part of a family together so anyway God bless all I hope you enjoyed this video and learn something from it and I'm gonna be back before you know it all right bye guys


Hi, I'm Matthew coast head dating coach and founder of commitment connection calm and today We have a question from a woman in our community, and she's asking is he falling in love with me? How do I know? So a lot of men don't like to admit when they're falling in love with a woman For a variety of reasons one being that you know if he's listened to much Dating advice out there. He's probably been told that he shouldn't show that he's falling in love with you Just like you know, there's a lot of crazy dating advice in the women's side There's a lot of crazy dating advice in the men's side So let's talk about the different signs of a guy who's falling in love with you The first sign that I have is that he will initiate contact with you so a lot of times If a guy is falling in love with you, he's probably going to be thinking about you a lot and You know, so there's a there's a good chance that he Will contact you like send you a text message or something Just out of the blue talking about maybe nothing And that's a good sign that he's falling in love again You know like I said before there's a lot of dating advice That's like don't you know don't text don't you know send messages, you know and What not but you know, there's a good chance So if he's falling in love with you that he's he's Contacting you if he's you know if there is resistance there might be but he might still be doing it And if he does that's a good sign The second sign is that he's expresses his love to you even without saying it so There's several different ways that a man can express his love to you And it might not look like what you would think it would look like so a lot of women think oh Well, if he loved me he'd want to spend more time with me. Well, that's not Necessarily the way that every guy Expresses their love. There's you know, there's a book out there called the five love languages And it talks about you know, five different ways that people kind of give and receive love and one of them is Physical touch so a lot of guys will want to touch you, you know a lot of there's another one that's It's receiving gifts But if a guy gives you gifts that might be his way of expressing love to you It could be that he wants to spend time with you it you know, it could be that he wants to compliment you and and You know tell you sweet things all the time. It just it really depends on the guy And it depends on the other one is is you know service He might be he might try to do things for you a lot So it really depends on what his way of expressing love is and so it it kind of depends on the guy The third sign that I have here for you is that he tries to protect you Defend you or take your side And so this is a natural thing that a lot of guys will do when they're falling in love with a woman Is that they will try to protect that woman? They'll try to get between that woman and Whatever kind of thing that he feels is some kind of a threat. He might defend you Towards his friends or he might You know defend you take your side in an argument Even if he doesn't agree with your side So that's another sign The fourth one that we have here is that he wants to meet He wants you to meet his friends and family and you know this may or may not be true depending on how You know how he feels about his friends and his family and he may also want to meet your friends and family Which is another good sign. That's kind of in the same realm as this one It kind of depends though again Like I said on on how he feels some some guys are embarrassed to their family or they don't like their family Or whatever and so if that's the case He might not he might like you so much that he tries to avoid You meeting his crazy family and friends But the likelihood is that he's gonna try to get you to meet him and he's gonna try to meet yours and so the fifth one is that he hints at a future with you or Deliberately talks about some type of future with you and spending time with you or doing something with you in the future So that's it for this video if you want information on what is Stopping you from attracting mr. Right into a committed lasting relationship Make sure you go to my website at commitment connection comm I'm Matthew coast and I'll speak with you again soon