So we were here where we found that if I now take into account the fact that the reaction zone in this flame thickness is only a fraction of the entire flame thickness and that is where the reactions are happening and therefore the heat release rate is going to actually come from a volume that is corresponding to only this and I scale the reaction zone thickness over the flame thickness by a factor given by beta which is a Zellowitz scaling factor then I can actually estimate a u0 which has a 1 over beta term inside the square root and so we now say we now notice that the flame speed is about that much smaller right because we are now factoring in that reactions are happening in only part of the flame and not in the entire flame we can now do further corrections in noting some some more things the question is first of all what we had done was to assume that W is a constant across this region and now what we have said is W is actually a constant across this region approximately now that is not very difficult to imagine because it is kind of rising very steeply within this region and going to value peak value and then draw dropping steeply back in this region so it is okay but the question is what is the W so if you now think about what the W is W is the chemical reaction rate and strictly speaking the way we have to look at so for example in a single step reaction we should be able to write W as I mean I am just not going to say equal to but this is going to say goes as because I am going to write this this is W in terms of mass right so this is actually mass produced per unit time per unit volume and I am going to write this as something like 8-E over RuT let us say yf and yo maybe you can you can have yf power something and yo power something as far as these this particular argument is concerned I am just assuming those powers to be one it is not very important what those powers are at this moment or you can keep a power you can say yf power nf yo power no that is also fine we can go ahead with this but not very important for the kind of order of magnitude analysis that we are doing here at this stage. So let us say that we have this right the question is this W is actually a function of T yf and yo right and the T varies like this but in the reaction zone the T variation is actually very small it is going from a value that is very close to TF to a value TF and looking at the way the variation happens it is actually very weak variation within the reaction zone. So it is it is reasonable to assume that this TF T can be plugged in as TF all right but what would be the values of yf and y yo that we have to use as a first good estimate what you would immediately think about is these are actually the mass fractions of the reactants okay this is FS the fuel oxidizer O is oxidizer and therefore these are the mass flow rate mass fractions of the reactants in the incoming stream and therefore we should actually if you have a premixed mixture you have a certain mixed mixture ratio in which they are they are mixed right. So this should be a certain mass fraction for the yf and certain mass fraction for the yo and that is what we need to use right. So that would be given by some value somewhere here let us suppose that this is yf and yo which are far upstream ahead of the flame and for us the flame is starting here with the preheat zone right and what we are talking about is to actually estimate a W that is going to be evaluated here we find that the W is actually lying dormant at nearly very low values up until here because of the temperature sensitivity to E right but there is not because yf and yo are 0 that happens only here you are going to have either yf or yo or both going to 0 over here. So what does that mean for yf and yo how are they going to vary can I just plug this up to this value and then now say well it is supposed to go to 0 well I think since I said tf is not going to vary a whole lot I should not expect yf to vary a whole lot and then it suddenly goes to 0 is that the way it is going to behave if this is the way it is going to behave then I would rather take the far upstream value like with subscript knots. So if in the Rankine-Hugonew formulation we had subscript 0s or knots for the upstream conditions and infinity for the downstream conditions tf corresponds to corresponds to an infinity condition and if I were to plug in yf as yf0 and yo as yo0 then this would actually mean that w0 infinity then goes as e to the minus e over Ru tf yf0 and yo0 right. Now this is actually a gross over estimate of what the w is so previously we said whatever is the w it is constant across the entire thing that was a gross over estimate then we said you now constrain this to a smaller region and got this factor and now we find how do you actually find out the w and if you now use the flame temperature in the Arrhenius expression and the far upstream reactant concentrations for the mass law of mass action then that is an over estimate as well because we cannot expect the mass fractions to drop so steeply in this region what happens how would the mass fractions change mass fractions of the reactants vary across the flame that is essentially the question that we have to worry about so the question that we have to ask is okay so we had reactants come in getting heated they get heated up and then they react to do what so what happens when the reactions happen they produce products right so the products are supposed to go that way right so this is the direction in which we are having the flow so the products are supposed to go that way but would they just do that would they just do that that is really the question right so if you now say that you have a product concentration that sort of is the opposite of what we anticipate without thinking about a particular thing that I am coming to then I would expect the product concentrations to probably rise like this right and then go all the way up to a maximum value let us say yp infinity all right but if that were the big the if that were the case then you can see that oh well the products are supposed to be get formed and then flow out but they now sense that you have a huge concentration gradient of the products over here so what happens when you have a concentration gradient you will have diffusion anytime you have a concentration gradient you are expecting to have a diffusion and the diffusion flux is in the direction of a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration so as the products are actually getting formed you have the fresh reactants coming and pushing them towards the other side but as they are getting formed they are looking around and finding hey I am not there so let me try to go there it is only that the reactant flow is trying to push them here but they have a tendency to mix up there right so you now have a competition between convection of the flow of the mixture on the whole and typically you are always thinking about convection for a mixture okay and upstream diffusion of the products. So sure enough in this place where you do not have reactants happening you have a lot of products that are produced here now or witnessing a incursion of products because of an upstream diffusion against the convection and there must be a balance between these two which is exactly the same as what we talked about for the energy balance which is a convective diffusive balance for the product species mass right so effectively we should now begin to expect a product concentration profile that is similar to the temperature profile itself because the way it happened was you now had a lot of temperature here that was produced code and code temperature being produced that is essentially heat is being produced so the temperature is locally getting raised and then it gets conducted that is not very different from species mass getting produced and getting diffused upstream right even in the case of energy balance you had an enthalpy flux that was trying to wash this this this hot region away from here and this heat conduction was like a convective diffusive balance it is trying to conduct heat upstream despite the flow wanting to go to ground downstream right exactly the same thing is happening for product mass right so this convective diffusive balance is happening for the product species mass as well and if you were to actually now invoke a unity Lewis number for the products right so the Lewis number is the one that is actually trying to tell you how well a species can diffuse versus how well it can conduct heat right so if you had a unity Lewis number for the products then what it means is it is going to go through the same extent of convective diffusive balance in the preheat zone for its species mass balance as the mixture went through for the energy balance therefore we should expect that the product concentration will be having pretty much the same profile as the temperature profile for a unity Lewis number assumption on the products okay. So the further correction that we have to make is is to take in account upstream product diffusion upstream product diffusion and with unity Lewis number for the products the product mass fraction profile can be expected to coincide with the temperature profile what has been by coincide how can you actually have mass fraction that is going from 0 to 1 coincide with the temperature profile that is going from let us say something like 300 Kelvin to about 2500 Kelvin the answer is of course we normalize okay so you take the maximum and the minimum and then try to fit them from 0 to 1 okay for both cases then you should actually expect that the profiles will coincide well if that means you had a product upstream diffusion what is that saying as far as the reactant concentrations is concerned concentration really means concentration how much of what you how much of what you have is there in relationship with what else is there right mass fractions are all about the density of this species divided by the density of the mixture right so that means if you now have products over here you have other things that are coming in and contaminating your reactants so the reactant concentrations are going to dip right so effectively then you do not have either this profile for the products that you would anticipate naively without taking the count of streamed product diffusion and correspondingly we have to now we have now to alter what the anticipated reactant concentrations are going to be so what you could expect is the reactant concentrations should now be the inverse of the product concentrations so if you now start with something like a normalized value with respect to the initial concentrations as here then you should expect your reactant concentrations should go like this now this is obviously for the deficient deficient reaction and let us suppose that we are considering a fuel lean situation okay if you now consider the fuel lean situation then that species concentration mass fraction is going to go all the way to 0 and that is the reason why your W is also going to 0 at the end of the reaction zone right so now look at what happens to the species a mass fraction variation within the reaction zone instead of actually having a value that is about that high you are now looking at a value that is about so small okay there is hardly any variation of this away from 0 so we are now talking about fairly small values so correspondingly you should anticipate that if you are if your W were to be calculated with GSTF which is alright you should probably actually now have a factor beta thrown in on your YF okay we have to now decrease the amount of YF relative to the initial or the upstream far upstream value and therefore we have to bring that in so in fact we could we could just for the sake of complete minutes go back and then say let us suppose that this is M and N and we want to say M and N so correspondingly the reactant concentrations decrease with the deficient react reactant with the deficient reactant going to very low values in in mass fraction in the reaction zone right now if you think about so that means we should basically say that is YF for example should now actually be more like YF divided by beta so correspondingly our W should be going as what we would call as W not infinity divided by beta power M so you would now say YF is YF not divided by beta so beta power M should show up for your denominator with W not infinity in the numerator to give you a W so question then is what happens to the excess species okay so the excess species will could actually come come out like that to whatever value let us say y o infinity alright now that is an appreciable fraction of the original value and so if you from an order of magnitude basis it is probably a factor of about 2 or 3 that is not a factor of 10 so it is not really an order of magnitude different right so without worrying about the non-deficient or excess species a mass concentration reduction we are still within an order of magnitude okay within the order of magnitude in our estimate so that that is reasonable so you do not have to worry about this that there is essentially how we should want to look at on the other hand if you think about like a stoichiometric mixture then both of them are going to be equally deficient right so you have to make this correction so keep that in mind so that that is an additional correction that we want to do we want to go back and say this W is not going to be just W not infinity right this beta here was to make sure that this W whatever it is W not infinity or not is going to be confined to a small region when compared to the flame thickness but on top of it if you now say W is actually W not infinity then that correction basically says no it is not it is W not infinity divided by beta power m this is what that you have to plug in there all right can we do more right can we anticipate something more than this or are we really pushing our luck trying to get insights into how things are supposed to happen right without doing the mathematics okay we are hardly doing much mathematics here we are just doing mostly order of magnitude anticipating things how they are supposed to happen and so on right so in fact I specifically say expected to coincide that that that is the crux there to get you this and this is not robust to say that this is going to be like this is not robust it is just in order of magnitude estimate good then how what else can we do what have we made an assumption here on we have made the assumption about unity Lewis numbers right we have made a unity Lewis number assumption on the product to say that it is going to coincide with the temperature profile all right and correspondingly we if you now say that if the product concentration profile is like this the reactant concentration profile should follow like this this is how we have actually built up our argument now that implicitly then assumes that the reactant constant reactant Lewis number is also one right because effectively whatever we talked about for the product happens for the reactant species mass balance as well that means as far as the reactant species mass is concerned you have a convective diffusive balance in this region for the reactant species mass right and if you now assume that the length scale of this particular balance is the same as the temperature profile then we are implicitly assuming that the Lewis number for the reactant species is also equal to one right that means the species the reactant species can diffuse just as well as it can conduct heat is what we are basically assuming that may not be the case and that is why are we talking specifically about the reactant Lewis number and just forgetting about or abandoning the product Lewis number that we originally constructed our argument based on is because the reactant concentrations the ones that are showing up in the law of mass action that is what we are beginning to correct and we want to now see if a reactant Lewis number is not going to be one is it going to be this way or that way right is this is this profile going to actually change right so how do you how do you take this into account there are there is a quick way of doing this so for the correction consider so consider non-unit loss number of deficient reactant so how do you expect the reactants profile to behave and how do you expect the temperature to behave so in the convective diffusive diffusive zone which is the preheat zone we could apply the Schwab-Zeldovich formulation and what would you have let us suppose that you had a velocity you not which which which did not change significantly then you have a convection balanced by the species diffusion you can write right which is assuming a fixed law formula fixed law kind of diffusion going on and a u0 dt over dx equals alpha d2 t over dx2 now what you are going to do is just focus only on this this particular region and as far as this region is concerned you are going to simply say let me not worry about the difference between this and this okay let me not worry about the difference between this and 0 right so it is as if like it started from this value and went to 0 here you start from this value and went to tf there within this region okay and so with these kinds of boundary conditions that you want to apply in fact you should be able to also fix your coordinate system and say that these values are actually in at a negative infinity okay so if you now apply these kinds of boundary conditions you can get solutions I am not rigorously solving this step by step for you just going to write the solution here and trying to explain the adoption of these boundary conditions intuitively it is not very important for us to go through the steps of the stage well let us go back and write df to be taking into account the diffusivity should be if the fuel particularly which is which is not necessarily the same as the other diffusivities of species and here you are going to have t equals t0 plus tf- t0 times e to the u0 u0x divided by alpha so let us see what is going on it is easier to see this first is what we have been considering first the thermal profile you see what is going on we have a temperature that is now going to actually increase in excess of t0 by a difference of tf- t0 times a exponential factor right which obviously is going to actually increase exponentially beyond the preheat zone. So the temperature as far as this profile is concerned is going to give you something that keeps going like that okay disregard that that is not part of our domain as far as this this equation is concerned this equation is valid only in this domain okay so once you understand that then this profile is quite reasonable for you to think about right and correspondingly you will now have your yf starting from yf0 and decreasing by this factor okay why are we doing this we want to be able to see this in both the cases right so as x increases within the preheat zone you are now actually looking at a exponential of x divided by df divided by u0 right so the length scale for reactant diffusion is I should say characteristic length scale right characteristic length scale for species diffusion is df over u0 are we okay this is like meter squared per second this is meters per second so meter squared per second divided by meter per second should give you meters right so always have to you come across these kinds of things you have to quickly check your dimensions right then the characteristic length scale for heat balance right this is this is in the preheat zone for the convective diffusive balance right is alpha over u0 that is a characteristic length scale so the ratio of the characteristic of the length scales of fuel concentration to temperature profile temperature profiles is then df over u0 divided by alpha over u0 which is equal to 1 over lef because lef is alpha over df okay so what do we have if you lose number of the fuel is greater than 1 alright then the fuel concentration length scale is going to be less than the temperature profile length scale that means if I go back and use a different color chalk piece and say forget about that that is a that is a x species so what you are talking about is we are saying that this length scale for these species is now going to be delta f lef greater than 1 if I had a loose number for the fuel greater than 1 then 1 over something greater than 1 is less than 1 therefore df over u0 is less than alpha over u0 and therefore this distance should actually be less than that distance so instead of just talking about a single delta we will now talk about a thermal flame thickness you and then we will now talk about a mass flame thickness right so what then happens is how do you now think about the concentration profiles the concentration profile is now going to actually begin to drop only here not here right and considering that it is continuing to be a deficient reactant let us say for the fuel is what we are talking about you have to get back to this as you come down so you are now going to drop a line that goes like this well let us try to make this a little bit better so what has happened here what we find is instead of having a variation that was like only so small within this region right you are now having a larger variation within the thermal region right so that means your concentrations have to be taken to be higher than what we did here so this beta was to take into account the reaction zone based on the thermal flame thickness right scaling the thermal flame thickness for the reaction zone thickness but we find that as the lowest number is greater than 1 the concentrations in the reaction zone based on the thermal flame thickness will be higher than this so correspondingly we have to say right yf then will become yf not divided by beta times Lef because Lef is greater than 1 and we need to now multiply by this excess Lef then unity to factor in that your concentration is going to be more now of course we hope that this factor of multiplying Lef should now be the same when you now think about a Lef that is less than 1 right so how would that work so maybe take a different color chalk piece let us try pink when you now say that Lef is less than 1 then the mass if you ma the species mass balance length scale is going to be greater than the thermal thermal balance length scale right so that means we should now be thinking about a a a flame thickness based on this to be ?f Lef less than 1 and how would you draw your profiles would start from here but you would start dropping your concentration right here and then reach up to this point right so that would be something like this what you then find is the concentrations are even lower than the situation corresponding to a unity lowest number so the lowest number was actually less than 1 for you so you just multiply by that factor to get a concentration that is less than that so sure enough so you need to have this kind of a multiplication going on therefore then your w should go as w0 infinity times Lef divided by ? power m so this is what we could actually plug in back here to now not only take into account upstream diffusion of products and correspondingly downstream diffusion of reactants in addition to downstream convection of the reactants so that the concentrations of the reactants are actually coming down in the reaction zone we could also now look for preferential diffusion that means you now say we really have a non unity lowest number the reactants actually diffuse preferentially depending upon their lowest number relative to the thermal balance right and then we find that the concentrations of the deficient reactant which is more critical in the reaction zone can vary with the lowest number itself in a way that we can see so this is amazing in my opinion because we just think about what is going on okay and then start expecting how these variations should be and the interesting thing is if you have to do the rigorous analysis as we will momentarily commence to do number one we will be constrained to make assumptions particularly about unity lowest number like for example the Schwab-Zelda which formulation essentially assumes one of the one of the assumptions is a unity lowest number so if you now adopt the Schwab-Zelda which formulation to solve the problem of a one dimensional laminar flame premix flame propagation then we will be constrained to do this for a unity lowest number and then we will have to relax the assumption of unity lowest number and then expand the scope of the analysis and then take the burden of non unity lowest number upon ourselves and do a fresh analysis for that what you will find at every stage of doing the mathematically rigorous analysis with a unity lowest number assumption that is up to the stage right or taken into account a non-unity lowest number and reaching up to this stage you will find that the mathematical analysis is different from this only by a factor of square root of 2 right otherwise you get all the all the factors that you want in there in the way we have done this square root of 2 is like 1.4 and 4 so you are your order of magnitude estimate is actually okay within about 41% right that is essentially the power of the order of magnitude analysis the additional bonus is we started actually using some of our gray cells instead of just you know plugging and chugging equations and so on which we will now do.


Live from the Computer History Museum in the heart of Silicon Valley, it's theCUBE. Covering OpenStack Silicon Valley 2016. Brought to you by Morantis. Now, here's your host, John Furrier. Hey, welcome back everyone. We are here live in Mountain View for OpenStack SV. This is SiliconANGLE Media's theCUBE. This is our flagship program. We go out to the events and extract the signal from the noise. I'm John Furrier. I'm here with my next guest, Michael Miller, President of Strategy Alliance Marketing, Susie and Kermesh. Hey, Mirage. Hey, Mirage, okay. We got it. Vice President of Product Marketing at Morantis. And Morantis is the sponsor of theCUBE for the next two days. I want to first thank you guys for hosting us here at your events. We've been here every year. Thanks so much for your support. Allow us to extract the signal from the noise. Appreciate it. It's a pleasure. You guys are, we've got some news. Let's get right to the news. I have a lot of things to talk about, certainly with some of the deployment challenges out there and what's going on in the market. What's the news? So let's talk about what you guys have announced on stage today and get that out of the way. Sure. So, you know, just a few minutes ago on stage here at the event, Boris Rensky and I announced a partnership between SUSE and Morantis, by which SUSE is going to provide our enterprise Linux solutions to Morantis for their end customers. And we're also going to work together on making SUSE Linux Enterprise Server a development platform at Morantis so that we're mutually certifying and supporting one another. And then we're going to collaborate upstream and work on optimizing our joint technologies and really moving OpenStack forward for everybody. So how deep is the deal?  We love each other. But the true test in this world of open source is how deep you guys are with technology. Can you share the deep depth of this? Yeah, sure. So one thing to keep in mind is Morantis is only an OpenStack. We focus on cloud, right? That's our kind of pure play focus, right? And we don't ship Linux distributions. That's not really our core. That's not something we do. And SUSE is a natural kind of partner to be that Linux kind of foundation for us. And having SUSE working with us, also working on the SUSE Linux as the platform for Linux running OpenStack, right? And also they have an extended offering called expanded support, which actually increases the footprint of Linux, including Red Hat as well as CentOS. You want to say a couple of words about that? Yeah. So obviously SUSE Linux Enterprise Server, we believe is the best enterprise Linux operating system for OpenStack, whether that's SUSE's OpenStack distribution or Morantis OpenStack distribution. And we believe that customers and our partners deserve choice and the freedom to choose at every level in the architecture. So for us, this partnership makes perfect sense. Choice is one thing, but what they really want is bulletproof, right? So that's, cause this seems like this is kind of where this is going. You want stability at the Linux level. A lot of stuff going on with the kernel. You don't want it to spend resource, let these guys decouple from your business, but they do it for you. They support you in an extended way. You then bring that to your customers. Am I getting that right? Yeah, so, and the other thing that Michael mentioned is about collaborating upstream to get Morantis OpenStack and SUSE Linux, working well together to your point is deeply integrated, working well together so our customers get that experience. So the complexity issue that we've been hearing, you guys have been harping on this for now for three years now since I've been hearing you guys talk about that. Morantis can be a one stop shop for the enterprise who doesn't want to have to deploy a ton of R&D bodies at doing OpenStack. They want to do enough smart resources, but they want to back up the Morantis truck, if you will, and bring some OpenStack. One number to call, right? And then we take on L1 and L2 support. So any cloud level issues come to us first. All right, so give us the update on that model. What is the current Morantis offering for that use case? Because that still is out there. I hear that all the time from customers. When you know who are out there, I've talked in the past. Look, I want OpenStack, I want an alternative and I want the software around it because I might have Azure and Amazon and some data center stuff, but I'm going to need to start positioning myself to have some proprietary or unique advantage in my data center or in the cloud. They want to get started. Take us through what you guys are offering that customer today. Again, we supply the distribution itself, the Morantis OpenStack software, right? And that's the support we provide. But we tout ourselves as the pure play company, right? So it's about, again, flexibility and choice for the customer. And if they want to go build something proprietary or hook on some storage devices or build their own networking on top of it, OpenStack is designed to be open and flexible and pluggable from the ground up. And we reflect that philosophy, right? The OpenStack community philosophy is what our philosophy is. And that's why we call it pure play, whether it is Linux distribution support underneath or different kinds of partner ecosystems that they want to plug in. All that is part of the ecosystem that we've been working on. Take us through some of the engagements you've had with your customers in their journey. Okay, they come in. They usually a phase approach, some pilots to move to production. Where are you guys now in your journey? Can you share some data around some anecdotal examples of a kind of pegged journey of your customers?  ADA is our assessment design architecture type of sessions, because every cloud is unique, even though we'd like to think otherwise. Every customer has their own unique business needs. They have their own products and services. They want to go to market in a different way. They have different security requirements. So we tend to sit down and work with the customer about what that is all about, right? So that's where the requirements come in. Then we have an implementation phase. Obviously we use Mirantis OpenStack software to go build that all out. I mean, there are lots of examples and public ones are AT&T and VW, are the two biggest customers that have deployed very large scale clouds using Mirantis as the expert, helping them through the journey. So think of this as a digital transformation for many of these companies. And they're moving down that path to more production. More production environments, more operationalizing of their clouds. That is still a challenge, right? Is bursting kind of like on the table? Is that in the conversation? Is that more of get management visibility first than figure out first? Get management visibility first. Get the private cloud up and running. Make sure it's successful. Make sure that you're able to demonstrate business outcomes with what you have now. Public cloud and bursting is really phased to, in my opinion, right? Yeah, automation's hard. It's coming. Automation, yeah absolutely. It's really hard to do automation. It's very hard to do automation. Mike, I want to get your thoughts. Obviously Linux is growing and changing, which is fantastic. It's made a lot of people money and certainly created a lot of great innovations around Linux. Certainly as Linux goes to the cloud, which everyone, it's there, you can't help but ignore Amazon's numbers for growth and performance. Azure's touting private cloud. VMware's out there. Google, I mean, everyone's out there. So the big guys are getting bigger and they have a lot of incumbent base to work from. So obviously Microsoft, they have that office base and they're going to try to stick some stuff into their stack. So it's very clear that every vendor has their own stack and different approach. What are you guys hearing? And what can you share to folks watching that kind of teases out the reality of the horses on the track, Amazon, Azure, and what's their approaches? What are some of the conversations in the community around this? Are people worried? Is it an opportunity? Is it hype? Is it real? Is it different? Where do you guys differentiate? I know it's a big question, but just share any color around the big guys. Well, from a SUSE point of view, it's an opportunity. So we partner very closely with AWS, with Azure, Google Cloud Compute, and literally dozens of other CSPs around the world because as you said, Linux is already in the public cloud and it is real. So there are enterprise customers all over all geographies that are embracing public cloud for the right types of use cases and workloads. And to us, it's becoming a real substantial part of our business. Is it interoperability a big part of that? I mean, when you talk about them in clouds, and so you see more and more deals like what you're doing with Mirantis, because in a way there is a need for standardization. That's what has been one of the problems we saw certainly in the Hadoop ecosystem. You know, the lack of standards has not only increased the TCO total cost of ownership, but created a huge complexity nightmare on barriers to industry to get a deployment up and running. Standardization is still an issue. It's still an obstacle. So I think there does need to be more standardization around APIs. There needs to be more standardization around management and security to really make that reality. Karmesh, talk about that, because you guys have solved that problem around, not solved it, but you've abstracted away some of the complexities around lowering the surface area for a customer to get into OpenStack. Yeah, I mean, think of OpenStack as this is sort of, the whole idea of OpenStack is this open API interface, right, to your point. It's all about how do I interact with this infrastructure in an automated way, in a scripted way so I can get infrastructure provisioning done faster. At the end of the day, who cares about infrastructure? Is infrastructure dead? It's a controversial topic, but there's a lot of innovation going on in infrastructure, but at the end of the day, from a business standpoint, how do I get value out of this? How do I get my developers productive? How do I get my applications out faster so I don't have to wait for my IT guys six weeks to go give me a server, right? I mean, we want to get away from that. And start all over again. That's a good point, as our Wikibon analysts say on our SiliconANGLE team, OpenStack should be invisible. That's a success point. Exactly. And then to your point about the skill set, making it invisible means it's basically an abstracted away to the developer. To the developer. The developer only sees the APIs.  Give me, give it to me. Here's a single call and you're done, right? Well, I got to say, OpenStack, the community has zigged and zagged.  Every year, OpenStack's struggling. It's probably healthier than ever now because the companies have zigged and zagged properly with the trends. But there's still a lot of stuff going on under the hood and at the SDN, you mentioned some of the work on the APIs. And certainly the business opportunities are great. We see that specifically. Can you guys share some areas that you see that are being worked on, you know, in the back room by all the developers and open source community here with an OpenStack? Is it the management piece? Is it the APIs? What some areas can you point to? So I think management and orchestration is a big topic. So I think I would say, and then right behind that is containerization. So one of the things that has, I think, made people hesitate to engage with OpenStack over the last year or so is uncertainty around where those technologies are going. And I think we're now starting to get together and align on some of those key technologies. We see some synergy around Kubernetes for orchestration is a great example of that.  What is that? What is it? Is it Docker and what is it? Kubernetes and Docker and OpenStack? So it's about day two operations. We talked about it earlier, in fact, on the keynote. So the issue with OpenStack, I wouldn't call it an issue, but it's matured to a point where the software works. But now the question is how do I kind of manage this and scale it and maintain it and operate it at hundreds and thousands of nodes? That's an unsolved problem still. So if I were to roll back or upgrade to a new version of OpenStack across a thousand nodes, and if I run into a problem, how do I roll that back and how do I monitor the whole environment? That is an area that orchestration, automation at that level. Now, Kubernetes, the good news about Kubernetes is that it solved that for containers. That's what it's very good at. So now you have a natural kind of fit between two different communities solving problems of each other. Orchestration problem, specifically. Orchestration problem, specifically, and also the whole life cycle management aspect, which is what Kubernetes is bringing to the table. That's great for OpenStack, and OpenStack, on the other hand, has done a great job bringing this community of vendors and technologies that work well, whether it's networking, storage, or compute, or all these different hypervisors, and that's something that Kubernetes doesn't have. So it's a great marriage of two great communities coming together and solving the problem. In my article I wrote, and also on Twitter, I was basically saying on the opening segment here, I said, OpenStack community has been a bunch about surviving. The whole group have been survivors, and that's because the community was kind of reset a few years ago, many years ago, and it was contribution-driven, very open-source-driven, and made great calls. So there's always, after Thrive, I mean, survive, there's always a Thrive period. So I see us kind of on that inflection point of not only surviving and being stable and healthy, but now thriving. What do you guys see as that thriving dynamic? What's going to make the OpenStack foundation and community and the ecosystem thrive to the next level? Well, I think part of it is going to be consensus around key technologies, like orchestration as an example. So a movement away from more and more fragmentation and a movement towards standardization around key APIs and key technologies. And I think you're starting to see that happen now. I think it's about business outcomes. I have a talk tomorrow, actually. We did a study with an independent third-party company to go talk to some super users at some of them are running 10,000 nodes. What is their success criteria? How did they go about doing that? And it turns out, and I won't spill all the beans, but you can come and attend our session. What time is the session tomorrow? It's at 2.10 in the afternoon. Will it be streamed live? I'm not sure. We'll check it out. We'll let the folks know. I mean, the key challenges we saw was great technology. These guys love to go put together a little POC or a pilot. They maybe have 100 nodes up and running, but then they have a challenge of expanding this further. Having more and more users and more and more tenants coming on board, scaling it, running it at scale, and getting some real business benefits out of it. That's kind of where the rubber meets the road. Great technology. All these standardization is coming together. Orchestration is coming together. But if it doesn't solve a business problem for a business and they're willing to invest more to expand, it's not going anywhere. I think that's a key cube gem sound by we have to make sure we grab that. I love that, Michael. I think your comment about the open APIs and some of the work under the hood combined with the business outcome really kind of validates the fact that no cloud's the same. Every company's not, there's no general purpose cloud. Yeah. Hybrid cloud is essentially a custom cloud. And that's what customers are doing. That's not necessarily products. It's what it is, right? It's a reality. It's a reality. And the use case drives it. Workloads drive it. I mean, we are seeing a lot of momentum in the telco space with all the NFE stuff going on. And they have specific requirements. They have specific performance requirements. They have specific scale requirements. Different world, right? And I love this mark. I mean, the cloud basically, I love the line I heard on the cube. I forget which event it was. The cloud is just the data center that nobody knows where it is. But this is back down to an open data center. Open cloud essentially brings that concept to life, which is just the data center. But it's all over the place. It's just distributed everywhere. All right, final thoughts here. I want to get you guys to comment on OpenStack Silicon Valley, this event. What's the big thrust? What do you see coming out of this? What are we going to see tomorrow? What's the big aha walk away bumper sticker? I think it's all about, you know, how do you containerize OpenStack and how do you solve the challenges of operations and life cycle management? And how do you bring the best of the two words together? Things that Kubernetes has solved, bringing it to the OpenStack community. Things that OpenStack has solved, bringing it to the Kubernetes community. And then, this is your cloud, right? At the end of the day, you want to be able to operate, deploy, manage, rollback, upgrade, and do that all seamlessly at scale. And at scale, I'm not talking 15 nodes or 100 nodes. I'm talking thousands of nodes. Yeah, company-wide. For a company-wide, you know, industry-wide, and Intel has always been touting these, you know, thousands of clouds for everyone, or cloud for everyone or whatever. I think this is the way to get there. Michael, your thoughts? So, I really liked what Jonathan Brice said this morning in the keynote about collaboration and interoperability and choice, because I think that's really what's necessary to drive the state of the art of OpenStack forward. And I think the Kubernetes collaboration that we've been talking about is a great example of that. But we also need standardization around things like rolling upgrades. We need real-world high availability and manageability to get to that day two scenario. And we're now at the point where we need to be well beyond the, I can give a good demo, and we need to get on to those real-world implementations. Well, congratulations on your announcement, building, having that foundational building blocks end-to-end solid bulletproof at the low level, certainly to enable that outcomes and work on some of the technical features. Michael, thanks for coming on theCUBE. Really appreciate it. This is theCUBE live here in Silicon Valley for OpenStack SV, hashtag OpenStack SV or the rising hashtag OSSV16, which I think is the official hashtag. But either way, we're tracking it all. If you have any questions, ping us on Twitter on the hashtag or at theCUBE or at Furry. We haven't answered your questions or asked your questions. You're right, back with more live coverage after this short break.


This message is the hope of a people, but it is also a warning We will fight for our rights because we believe our cause is just No human will live in peace until we are free


Welcome to All Hands Update, I'm Petty Officer Ian Cotter with your headlines from around the fleet. The Act of Duty Fiscal Year 14 Chief Petty Officer results are out. To see the full list of select T's, visit www.ah.mil. The Navy recently announced it has refunded dual military couples who had Family Service Members Group Life Insurance or FSGLI premiums incorrectly deducted from their pay. Dual military couples married on or after January 2, 2013 are no longer automatically enrolled for FSGLI coverage, but until April of this year, the premiums for the program were automatically deducted. Affected members should direct any questions about the refund to their local personnel support detachment. You can read more about these stories at Navy.mil. From All Hands Update, thanks for watching.


What are you guys doing? We're so excited that you are joining us right now on Y2P4 Entertainment News. My name is Felin, Art Felin doing across all socials. The hashtag is Y2P4 Updates. Now we are all about trending topics, weekly trending topics right here in Kenya and internationally as well. Welcome to the show. We're going to have so much fun. But if you are fun of the show, as always, you know, we have the gang gang and studio joining us. We're going to start with Overy on a superstar right here next to me, MCK. What is happening? I missed you guys. I'm so happy for today. It's going to be crazy. So I missed last week and I think the other week. Yeah, two weeks. I missed two weeks. So guys, let's light it up. That's what's up. And we have Overy on J.C. as we call her the sad C. J.C. What's up? What's up? What's up? What's up? And we have Overy on J.C. as we call her the sad C. J.C. What's up? Hi, how are you? So come on guys. To have fun or not to see, what's the change? MCK, you know, I missed him so much. No, before I sit here, sana with my wife, I had to make sure we're doing matching clothes so that when I'm here, I'm not here, you guys don't... White and blue? I don't know if that's white White shirt is white I can see that It's a memo We were just like Today this is what we're wearing babe Don't even Look to the show Welcome to the show guys It's going to be fantastic Let's start with our very first story Here we are at Joseph Erungo Commonly known as Joey In the case of business women Who was found murdered in her house In Kilimani Monika Has actually released a gospel Song dubbed Nishikilie Joey who was accused alongside His then girlfriend Media personality, Jackie Maribe Was released back in February On a two million Kenyan shillings Bail Kenyans on social media among them Gospels singer, Marcima Sika She shared Joey's song On her Instagram with the caption I'm glad to say I appreciate people who make decisions God is about us Stunning to where we are called And all things work together for good For those who love him We actually have a snippet of his song Let's check it out What is Joey? Joey Erungo Finally Since he came out of prison He's been keeping a low profile We didn't even know where he's been Let's say the first thing he did Kutua Gospel What's happening? I'm happy for him first of all And then I'm happy for him 10% But the other percent I don't know if it's true I don't know if it's true I don't know anything This is one of the hardest times To join the Gospel industry But I think for him it's going to work Because it's going to bring some kind of clout For him it's going to work So another thing is I think he might be in it For clout or not But I believe When you go to jail But you know before I think he's from Nakuru He's from the church He's singing in the church I guess he's going to jail He should go back and do this Because every testimony I've had Of people who've gone to jail There's a way Jane molds you Even if you go to jail You see like But they have a second chance What can I do? You just feel like you want to preach Or do motivational speaking Or anything Thank you If he's in it for a good cause We're going to support him Yes And we're calling out everybody To support him because he's doing it all At least I don't know if it's true I don't know I don't know Let's something in some of the comments Before we take this comment This is on his Instagram We have designer254 And a good stuff man Salwa I guess That song is powerful You just read all of God's children minds At this moment they need God's grace And hands are to Shekelia Jessica, Smith Nice vocals It's late So, Jessie It's late, are you agreeing With everybody else? What are your thoughts? For my Sima Sika I don't know I think one thing we should do Right now is the time to push If I make effort The fact that Kwanzaa is from jail I think it's not funny I have never been there But from experiences Who have been there, it's not funny Either you can't be reformed Or more trashed than before So for him I think it's positive And the fact that he used to sing He used to talk to people from his area Like no, I'm a church boy No, he's been this good boy In church So I think it's not a one It's not clout, it's not time I don't think it's Pia's time If it's not Pia If it's not Pia If it's not Pia If it's not Pia If it's not Pia If it's not Pia If it's not Pia We have a post on Facebook That is at white, if I force Facebook God check it out And comment below What is your take on this story We don't know Joy, I'm a reform I'm a church boy I'm a church boy And if time allows it We're going to be sampling some of your comments Your comments are the end of the show But about now let's move on To the next story Now Kenyan Radio presenter Nasha Dona And Tanzania's socialite Hamisa Mbeta Have formed a new friendship That has got netizens talking on social media Now the two are both Bongo Stardom and Platinum Baby Mamas And most people expected Arrivalry Or hate between them But they seem to have buried the hatchet And decided to support each other's dreams Mbeta styled and dressed Nasha During the video shoot of her latest release Liar Featuring Kenyan singer Masa Uti And since then They too haven't stopped posting And complimenting each other On social media Alright So hey Baby Mama drama It's not actually happening They're just like Apart from Zari, they're two of them Why do we even hate each other To funny kids You have business, you have talent You're singing Why don't you build each other up Do you think that's genuine If we're going to push each other It's not enough One thing I've learned with Tanzanian entertainment It's not enough Do you remember when Nasha was married to grandma She was married to me She was friends with me But She's so beautiful and everything After she married me She was like a sheep And I didn't even know what Tanzanian was Nothing I don't I think it's the first scenario I think it's the first scenario I think it's the first scenario We're posting each other I'm telling you Something is cooking If we're going to push each other And behind all this I'm sure there's one of them I'm telling you If we're going to push each other We're going to push each other From what I've seen You know what It's 2020 Women are building each other It's not enough It's not enough Nasha has 2 million followers Plus Yes Let me go rhetorical Maybe Maybe Maybe she should have Maybe And maybe Maybe Maybe You just know it's unknown You see the video playing on TV She was jamming to Nasha's latest song I don't know Mama Nasi She's a brandy She's all business She's a cross Cross She's advertising We got your point We got your point So it was booming here You're killing two birds with one stone I got it Do you think this guy is right You're all about women empowerment Let's go It's actually still on white if I fold the page Just yesterday It was conducted And you found out that more women Women actually have more money than men It's like you're in Kenya But people are saying even in East Africa So do you think that is what is happening Women are building each other up So women have more money It's not enough It's not enough Women can never be cooked In one pot It's not enough It's not enough It's not enough At the end of the day You should always have joy first It was illness All women have a characteristic Not chocolate In the opinion of women Women quickly take it That used to be an important point When they were surprising Now that they get interested If you're looking for attention Not attention They are looking for attention, they have got it They are looking for attention, they have got it So come on, I will tell you, she is a bus in my corner But I don't really think it's necessary It is It is For the business, maybe And how much business do you have? I have a lot of business But she has way more followers than even Tannashah She has in one day, but die hard But let me tell you something Tanzania's fans always want to be a kid If they decide it's you, it's you You try to touch a leekieba Or try to touch where my You know those that Tanzania's sweet heart They want to be a kid I don't want to be a fan of you I want to be a son of a son I want to be a son of a son She is a boy She is a boy I want to be a son of a son I want to be a son of a son I have a lot of business But I have one comment I love those comments that always stuck in my mind And when I talk to my sister I saw a lot of people saying Tannashah's boss is gonna kill me And I said I want to join Tannashah her family Her family wants to eat her And then going to the street And she said I will show her And then going to market What I like about Tanzania is that actually most of their singers really know how to sing They really, really know how to sing He has such a nice voice He's the next person to look out to We're gonna take him out to talk to him We're gonna move on to the next Alright, now a casual laborer, rather by the name of Jamster Music Has become a topic of discussion on social media After his post went viral, Jamster posted on his socials, both Twitter and Instagram A video of him singing, Girl of my Dreams by Dimeja While working at a construction site with a caption And I quote, gotta hustle and still wanna search for the girl of my dreams And of course, now he quickly got responses from users And thought he was very talented On Twitter, producer Tim Rimbui asked him to reach out so that he could work on something While on Instagram, comedian YY offered to pay for a studio session for him Well, here's the video Right, actually, what? This guy is super, super, super talented Meaning, there's no keyboard, no guitar, no vocals And he murdered it Alright, now YY, right here, this is actually Instagram Can I take you to the studio? And I actually agree, so you come here, he's actually gonna take that And there's actually DJ Shiti asked him, bro, you are going places And I agree with Shiti, I say With good management and ashi-kilotum, don't we agree? I say, okay, where are you from? Someone is giving you a run for your money Yeah, but actually listen, I think around the world in your show video I loved it, no ought to know anything pure talent So, on a light and hot, I think We all know that we are very conscious We all know that, okay, okay, okay, Peter You understand? He's really good, he's really good And the way, I say, what was going on? It sounds to me like you are clout already To help the guy by the way And do you think he's really... Like we only say, I'm J, I want that I want that to be my favorite Because in his captions, he's not like, how do you say this? He's not ashamed of his hair style, that's what he does He's not ashamed of his And he's actually learned, that's what I say I'm not ashamed of my school, I'm not ashamed of my school For example, I'm like, for example, I'm not ashamed of my school For example, if I promote it, I'll give it to the world I'll start promoting it because of the times Maybe I have a place where I can do whatever I want So, I have what I like to do I'm not a pretty lot of stress outside I wonder if you don't have any channel to make money So, maybe you can do whatever you want Exactly, because he looks very learned He looks very clean He doesn't know how to do it He knows how to fit in He's somebody who's actually learned And then he was like, you know what, let me just do this thing And having this and everything has props He may need to go somewhere People actually liked it Yeah, and he actually, he posted on Twitter He was like, it won't cost, it will cost you 0 euros to retweet Exactly Now, people will retweet Because it doesn't cost you anything Just to retweet or to like That's what she said I don't know if it's because of the times In India and the studio But we don't really push them far And do we even buy music? What Shata was, I need to support Yana or something Or even producers Like Shata to Tim Rimboi, by the way He reached out to him in Tirakimambia They should link up, work on something together And he's a dope, dope, dope producer Right, I met Tim, I went to the studio I went to Nezangoma Then what? Are you going to buy his music? For your household, for your family Because the consumers in Nezangoma They go to YouTube to net download for free You know Sometimes I think I think sometimes What we really understand Do you know actually in Kenya If you have very good sales people You can actually do street selling And make a lot of money Yeah If you have the good management Strategic selling Selling points Like an album or an EP You can actually sell a lot Just give me one minute For example You're an artist You're an upcoming You have very good management Exactly What you do is Look for people who are known Have like four people Put this guy on Go to the street Maybe your album Maybe like 200 shillings or anything With a good sales person Trust me With 200 You don't have to feel like You don't have to buy an album Or an EP It's worth it Because if you don't know If you don't know I'll give you 15 bucks If you don't know anything You can buy it The problem is If you don't know anything You can buy it But then if you listen to Rington very well And how he used to sell his music That's how that guy Made most of his money Yeah So Exactly So in Kenya If you go to the street You become street You have to be street smart If you go to the street You have to be Spotify If you don't know anything Apple music They don't buy They don't buy So ours is street Okay JC What do you take? One thing I leave Yeah Like Are you okay? Yeah I don't want to be here I don't want to be here See you by the way We don't Stop going I don't want to be on TV I don't want to be confused What do you think What do you think Yeah I got so happy That once Once you are in Kenya There are jobs Once you are in summer He is talented He is a channel He is a come out And he went He has He has told Hajay Bam say And then At his own appointed time He took a job Now the worst part is When it comes to Kenyans To talk to them I don't want to be here To talk to them To talk to them All we can For promises You know Like people who are in that position They say Yeah they won't do anything They just don't even care about it Like They say For Clauta I am a woman I am a woman They say I am a woman I am a woman But you know we don't even follow up To know who is Hajay Who is talent Role talent Who is the agenda In the studio This is music It's just fresh I don't know What is the example What is the singing And it's so good And it's unfortunate The kind of job he is doing And how much talent He is able to do I don't want to be here And I have to see cities These producers They are going to help artists In Kenya You will never help an artist By doing him one song If you want to help an artist Do him an old album Or even sign him Just sign him Alba Puzina Alba Puzina Alba Puzina Now we have We have some of the comments From the guys on Twitter Right here What people had to say Let's just check them out This Gloria Karanjal She is from Alieka Faya Emoji We have Anita Pressha You have a great voice A great breakthrough is coming And you are going to be a star From Kenya to the world That is true And then there is someone else Oh, Jay Mo Jay Mo is from Alieka Faya Emoji That means I accept We have Aima And I say Where are you from I say We are challenging We are from Kuala Lumpur You are from Kuala Lumpur In Kenya Not even in Kenya I am telling you Not just Kenya Everyone Everyone Challenge pays But you have to work hard I know There are people like that There are people like that They don't know how to sing There are people like that I have more talent than you You can have the same talent You can have something in common Yeah But there is always someone Who is always doing better than the other one Right So you have I think You have to keep up That's right So if you are from Alieka Faya Emoji Yeah We really need to get such voices But we have to support each other We have to support each other And another thing There are people They don't know how to sing But they are doing so well Because they know how to push Hold up Go for those auditions Go for those auditions Go for those auditions Go for those voice practices Do whatever you've got to do To get ahead Because you can go ahead It's me and Tyrone Jen Now I told you Go ahead How do they know?  In the interview, Masawe inquired about her upbringing since her parents had separated and that did not sit well with Akote. Akote cautioned all presenters and bloggers against asking her children personal questions during interviews. You know, that is too long, I can't even read any pages, pages and pages. I can't even read it, but she was very, very, very mad. I don't know, I can read maybe the first, just the first sentence.  Anytime you call any of my children for an interview, stick to the questions you said you will ask. Don't try to gain impact with my children's painful past. They don't know and will never understand why they are raised in a single family. She's very upset. And then she posted a photo of her and her children back then, the one on your screen. Hey, Masawe, come here. Wait, wait, wait, wait. I cannot even imagine what is happening.  Of late, I think she's being petty. I've been blogging for a long time and I've had a lot of struggles. I've had a lot of fun, of course I've had a lot of fun, but I've had a lot of fun in a different way. And another thing I think I understand as much as I'm a genius is when you introduce your kids to the limelight. The experts of V2, they will come up.  So it's something that will always come up. It's high time as I've realized, but they are doing what they want. They can talk about it, if they don't want to, they won't talk about it. But as long as it's the Ulysses, you get it. People want to get ratings and everything. I think what she meant was that she needs to know the questions you're going to ask beforehand. And for me, I don't think that is right. As a presenter, I'm the one against Maswali before Kujie. And it's only natural. It's only natural. It makes sure she's staged. But one again, I think I kind of understand her. If you read the whole post, she's saying, if you listened to the interview, the presenter was trying and attacking the girl about being raised by a single mom. You know, it's not funny. She asked me many questions. She asked me many questions. I didn't love her. I saw it was posted with someone. And I said, what do you hate about your mom? Exactly. So why are you asking that? There's always something. No, no, no, no, MCK, this is it.  That I agree.  She's not going to give up. I love her. Let me just finish. Our daughter is going to do something. There's always that. Okay. There's something called Kanyama in my native language. This is Kanyama. She's the dad figure in your family. She's the mindset for girls in Mumbai.   But Pia, as an interviewer, when you're interviewing, this is a baby. Okay, see, my child has grown up. But think about it, mindset is strong enough to have the right like courage. You have to answer some questions. There's some things that Philip, you can answer.   As an interviewer, if you're interviewing somebody, maybe you're going to have to do something. Maybe this is the cities that have your points. I don't know if I'm the only one who has your kids. Family. It was too much. But I don't know how does it feel growing without a father. Maybe that's her way of asking questions. Different people have different ways of asking questions. They have different approach. So, maybe that's how she handles all her interviews. And maybe she meant well. Maybe I'm going to issue now. All right. We'd love to hear from you. What do you think about this story? She's a Chinese. My mother was too much. The hashtag is White Faith for Updates. Talk to us on our social media. We have a post on White Faith. Post pegs. Comment below. And we're going to sample some of the comments. Now onto that next story where Kerosha Brewery's hair raised and her husband, Ben Paul. Okay, Kerosha, I'm going to take that again. Kerosha Brewery's Annalisa Moigai. And her husband, Ben Paul, who are rumored to have broken up just last week after they two unfollowed each other on their Instagram pages. Netizens were quick to give their opinion with some saying they knew their union won't last. But just a week after, they two are back on social media together. Ben Paul posted a video on his Instagram vibing to kind of bongo man song while Annalisa sat pretty next to him. My question is ... ... ... ... I don't know I think I'll do that Let's have a look at some of the comments Some of the comments are like I don't know I don't know I don't know I don't know Some of the comments are like I don't know I don't know I don't know People are thinking that They are late Though I don't know I don't know I don't know I don't know I don't know I don't know I don't know I don't know We've not been talking about this for a long time Women are a thinnest We never talk about it Because women are too big We just do something We talk about it So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. So, we expected this. Bye.


I'm Bill Nye, catch me on CalTV. What about that? How about that? How about that? Nye is one of Britain's biggest comedians starring in blockbuster hits like Love Actually, Pirates of the Caribbean, and Shaun of the Dead. Well stay tuned as we sit down to discuss his newest film that's opening in theaters tonight. They're finest. I get to play two parts. I play the actor Ambrose Hilliard and I get to play the part that he plays in the movie within the movie which is drunken Uncle Frank.  Sixties, looks older. We all have a part to plenty fitting hit, not this part. The corpse roll is dead before the end of act three. Do you improv some of the finest lines? No. There's no improvisation whatsoever.  Oh it was just so funny. Well that's kind of the greatest compliment you could possibly pay. But the film will do more than just make you laugh. This World War II period piece seamlessly blends romance, comedy and drama into a powerful message of unity and times of turmoil. The film is already generating Oscar buzz, but here are Bill's three reasons why you need to go see their finest. It will get you good grades in your history class. It'll sound good what dinner parties later when you talk about it because it's a groovy English film. But mostly it'll get you laid. That's a good selling point all right. No the reason to go is because it's just I think it's one of the best films I've ever been involved with and it is one of those films where you come out the cinema feeling a whole lot better than when you went in. We need as many movies that confirm that there are decent and wonderful things about human beings as well as divisive and toxic things. With Bill's great sense of humor I decided to surprise him with a little college trivia. Davey Jones, Billy Mack and Uncle Frank had a fraught party. Who can hold their liquor the best? Oh god um hang on Billy Mack and Davey Jones. Davey Jones. Oh really? I was going to say I have my money on Uncle Frank. No no Uncle Frank can hold his liquor but he'll stagger and he'll slur and I whereas Davey Jones you see no physical change whatsoever because you know it's difficult to explain to somebody who's not been a squid but having been a squid they have a response to alcohol which is completely different to ours and their capacity is legendary. Well there you have it be sure to check out their finest opening in theaters in San Francisco on April 14th. Again this is Zach Fisher with entertainment and see you next time.


28 people have been charged in connection with the sale of illegal drugs after a large-scale multi-month narcotics investigation in Crowing County. During a nearly eight-month-long investigation, Lakes Area Drug Investigative Division agents conducted numerous controlled buys of narcotics. That led to a total of approximately 320 grams of meth, 19 grams of psilocybin mushrooms, nine grams of heroin, and four firearms being purchased. According to court documents, confidential informants were used during the investigation. Drug agents worked closely with the Crowing County Attorney's Office to coordinate the cases involved. The charges against the individuals include first, second, and third-degree sale of a controlled substance. If you've enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News, please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to Lakeland Public Television.


You require some downward inflexibility in the wage rate at some level, right? Is that, what is the strategic importance of a? No, it's just the wage on the marginal input on human capital. So that's why it's an efficiency wage. Okay, so it would be the market wage. We normalize it to one, so it doesn't really matter. Okay, okay. Or you could have a minimum wage. No, there's no minimum wage in the model. Okay. There's no minimum wage in the model. So there are competitive factor markets and all of that. Yeah, so but there's no physical capital in the model, right? So it's just outputs being produced by human capital. Okay. Yeah. We have a second question. Is there any particular reason why you have focused at the period 1985 to 2005? And the second question is recently there have been some surveys which really look at the proportion of children who are enrolled in private schools in states. And maybe you could, could you look at that as an outcome variable as well? Yeah, we haven't, so let me answer the second part. We haven't used that as an outcome variable, but we've used the enrollment rates to get the private education investment shares. So we have the public education investment shares. From Tullian Dixon's paper, we have a sense of the private enrollment rates. In India, that's a little murky because, so for those of you who may or may not know this, there's a kind of fairly large, low cost private education sector in India. A lot of it is kind of unrecognized. Some of it is aided, some of it's unaided, and a lot of it is unrecognized. So we have some data on the private enrollment rates which allows us to get the private education investment shares. So the focus here not is, yeah, so that could be another focus, but here what we're trying to see is what happens to this, this law of motion of human capital over time. So once we have the private enrollment rates and therefore the private education investment shares, we can, we can calibrate out the human capital accumulation. And therefore growth and talk about inequality as well. And you had a first question, sorry. Why, why exactly this piece is that simple? Yeah, well, we started this.


Migrosomes are signaling organelles that form in retraction fibres of migrating cells. Here authors show that migrosomes formed by a two-stage process, an initial local membrane swelling matures and is stabilized by recruited tetraspane in proteins. This article was authored by Raveave Darin, Yuehui Huang, Sadi Kumar Chepuli, and others.