Hey guys, Brian here, and this I feel like a step I wanted to share with you because this is becoming a more typical salon scenario.  Here we've got a very, very common scenario where she's been getting highlight for years and has become a very, very blonde guest, as is. So how do you move her into that without telling her, just wait a year until it all grows out? So what we're doing, if you look at some of the sections we've already done, I've got two different formulas, I've got our lightener, and I also found a nice low light, so as I'm coming through with our triangular sections, I'm framing the outside with the highlight, and then going in through the middle, creating a little bit more dimension with the low light. I'll do one right here so you can see. Got our triangular section. I'm going to brush on the outsides, work that up near the roots, and then that's just going to fade into the hair that's already blonde. There's no need to run that all the way through, and now you can see that line of demarcation where these highlights are growing out. So I'm going to take our low light, paint that through the middle, and not running it into the highlights on the outside, because they don't want them to process kind of funny because they're two different colors. So I'm letting it just go right down the center, sort of creating that negative space of the balayage. And what that's going to do is that's actually going to give us an extra level of dimension, because you're going to have that hair through here that's not being touched, as well as what's being lightened and what's being darkened. So stay tuned and we'll have a pretty cool finish look for you. So as you can see, now we've got a very natural looking low lighted dimension in there that makes her look like she came in with virgin hair to get a balayage highlight technique rather than coming in with the already super blonde. If you really pay close, close attention and kind of see what you did by framing out with the lightening and then adding the dark, but then as she just runs her hands through it, it just gives a really nice natural dimension to it. So there you go. Thanks guys.


Hello and welcome to Prophecy Files Briefing. I'm so glad that you've joined us today, and I hope that you'll share this out on your social media. There is so much material that's taking place in our world today that's pointing toward the return of Jesus Christ. It's hard to capsulize in just a few moments, but we're taking up this subject in the third part of the strong delusion that is happening in our world today, lies and deception, the likes of which we have never seen before. Here's a couple of articles that I would encourage you to look up and read on your own. There has been a lot of what they would call misinformation or disinformation concerning what this particular individual had to say from who is a representative of the World Economic Forum. And this article says the World Economic Forum official calls for AI to rewrite the Bible correctly. I've shared this with you before and here in a Prophecy Files update at Pace Assembly. But just to make sure that we're clear, this particular leader has said in this particular article, and this is a quote, direct quote from him, that he says the Gutenberg, this is what he says, the Gutenberg printed the Bible in the middle of the 15th century. The printing press printed as many copies of the Bible as Gutenberg instructed it, but it did not create a single page. He goes on to say, AI can create new ideas. It can even write a new Bible. Throughout history, he says, religions dreamed about having a book written by a super human intelligence by a non-human entity. He goes on to say, in a few years, there might be religions that are actually correct. Just think about a religion whose holy book is written by an AI that could be a reality in a few years. And this individual made that statement. That's from that article. Now, follow this, the chat GPT that many of you are aware of, we've spoken about here as a product of AI or a creation of AI. The chat GPT generates the Bible verse describing how Jesus feels about trans people. According to this article, a woman who had been depressed and wanted to get some answers concerning her gender and so forth, the article opened up here saying that she felt sad.  That's also what the article says. In the chat GPT answer, and this is what's important, whoever's putting the data into chat GPT or any other AI device that people are gleaning from, ladies and gentlemen, that's not the inspired, inerrant word of God. And it's very obvious from this particular writing when the response comes back to the woman concerning her gender identity and transgendered and so forth, it goes on to say here that chat GPT came up with this answer. And this is supposed to be a quote from the Bible from chat GPT. And this is what it said. And a woman whose heart was divided between spirit and body came before him, talking about Jesus in quiet despair. And she asked, Lord, I come to you estranged for my spirit and my body are not one. How shall I hope to enter the kingdom of God? And Jesus, according to chat GPT said, she looked upon her with kindness, replying, my child, blessed are those who strive for unity within themselves, for they shall know the deepest truths of my father's creation. Be not afraid for in the kingdom of God, this chat GPT says, there is no man nor woman as all are one in spirit. The gates of my father's kingdom will open for those who love and are loved for God looks not upon the body, but on the heart. Now, the article continues to read, this individual didn't need a fake Bible passage to find verses about Jesus accepting individuals who identify as trans. He or she could have just gone straight to the actual word of God and got the answer. Here's the answer from John 10 and nine. I am the door, Jesus said. If any man enters by me, he will be saved and we'll go in and out and find pasture. The Bible says in Romans chapter 10, verse nine, because if you confess with your mouth, the Lord Jesus is Lord and believe in your heart that God has raised him from the dead, thou shalt be saved and consider John 3.16 for God so loved the world that he gave his only begotten son that whosoever would believe in him would not perish but have everlasting life. This is what's important for you to understand according to this article as well. God accepts anyone who comes to him in repentance and faith. The subject of sin, ladies and gentlemen, is not something chat GPT or the writers behind it or this world system is going to accept. In fact, it says that's very intolerant and that the Bible is hate speech. But in Christ, ladies and gentlemen, this article goes on to say, you don't need to strive to find your own identity. You have a new identity that is found and grounded in Christ and what he's done for us at the cross. That should solve all the identity questions. The point of this is to bring to you the understanding that we're living in a time of great delusion. Hello, this is Pastor Joey Rogers and I want to give you a special invitation to join me for the upcoming Prophecy Files Conference. This Bible prophecy conference is going to be filled with information concerning the end times and how you can be prepared for the imminent return of Jesus Christ. This year, I'll welcome my special guest, Jeff Kinley, Pastor Shane Warren, William Federer and keynote speaker, Pastor John Hague. I want you to join me for this year's Prophecy Files Conference. Registration is available online at paceassembly.org and lunch will be provided for a cost of $10. We look forward to seeing you right here at paceassembly on September the 16th and 17th for this year's Prophecy Files Conference.


The Independent National Electoral Commission, INEC rounds off the conduct of the 2023 governorship election. Many electorates have expressed worry over the refusal of some INEC presiding office to transmit the results on the spot. Plus, the news corresponded long-of-equal Oedokun who monitored the exercise in Victoria Island, Lagos Island and Argyre reports that past 6 p.m. voters were still glued to their seats polling units bent at seeing to the end of the process. The keenly contested exercise kept supporters of the various parties agitated and highly anticipating the outcome suing in favour of their candidates. Polling units at Ikate Elegushi had the all-progressives Congress APC and the Labour Party LP sharing the votes. The story wasn't different at Admiralty Way. At about 5 p.m. the 10 p.m. votes were still being sorted and counting follows. Suddenly, the crowds began chanting and yelling. For all the care, the ones to see and hear the actual results announced. We are very confident and we have to be confident because that's the reason why we are insisting that it be uploaded. At least when it's uploaded and we are sure we have verified it on IRF that it's uploaded. We know that definitely if they go to the Collision Centre and it changes, we know that my practice has occurred. As at the time of filing this report, units at Admiralty Way were still at the behive of activity as counting of votes continues. Hello, hope you enjoyed the news. Please do subscribe to our YouTube channel and don't forget to hit the notification button so you get notified about fresh news updates.


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Hi, so this video is an answer to a question that was sent to me as a comment on my course. The question is by Aline Lisa Maus and she asks, I was wondering whether you can recommend any courses or books on translation theory or introduction to translation for freelancers who did not study translation at university. There are a lot of courses available online, but you never know whether they are worth the money or if they are language specific, like being a German to English translator. That does not help me at all with my combination, which is not that common. I don't know what her language combination is precisely. She just says it's not that common. And I thought this was an interesting question, so I wanted to bring it up for those of you who are interested in translation theory and if there are any courses that deal with introduction to translation or translation theory in general for freelancers, the short answer is I don't I don't know of any courses that are targeted for freelancers like us. Now it depends where you live, but sometimes local colleges, local schools where you are might offer courses and you can take or audit these courses and they might be courses on translation theory or translation in one of your language combinations. And that's the thing. Very often they will be language specific. And so if they are in the area that you live in, presumably that'll cover either your language combination or something along those lines. There's also a good page on pros.com. If you go under the forums, I think it's the translator training link. I can I can link to it down in the description below. And there they talk a lot about translator training and courses. They have on demand courses, I mean video courses with self-paced training, with one on one training, webinars, etc. So definitely check out that link. Again, it'll be in the description below and hopefully you can find something that suits you there. But also you should keep in mind there are basically two main reasons for wanting to take a translation course. One of them would be because you have potential clients or maybe people are asking, you know, if you if you're certified or if you've taken courses or if you have a degree in translation. If this is the case, honestly, it might not be worth it because let's face it, most of these clients either are not in the translation world or they're not in your country or both. And so they don't really know what to look for exactly and who can rate your translation or who you should be getting a degree or certification from. So in these cases, honestly, it's better to have references or ratings from past translations, from past jobs. This shows them that you're a good translator. So if you're trying to get a certification or if you're trying to find a course, let's say, in translation for this reason, I would think twice about it. However, the other reason would be just to make your translation skills better, just to improve your translation. In this case, then once again, you can look at the link I sent or you can look at your local schools for courses that can help you out. If you can't find anything that helps you out in any of these places. And then this might be the case if you have a very rare language combination. Quite frankly, the best way then, unfortunately, is just to practice, practice, practice. You can also find some good books online, you know, if you try to find books dealing with your specific language or just in your language that deal with translation, per se. But another thing I would do it, especially if you have a rare language combination is to join a forum. You can try joining one of the translator forums and then searching for other translators who deal with your language combinations. A lot of these forums, especially on pros.com, translators, cafe, et cetera, basically all the main translators are going to be on there. So if you want to find anyone else that deals with your language combination, this is the place. And most of the time, once you do get in touch with them, they're going to be very helpful because, you know, it's rare to find sources, you know, for translation in your language combination. So these very often will be the best people to ask about it. So actually, I mentioned some of these forums in the, in my video of useful links, the part two, which also I can link to. And so you can see different forums. I also mentioned some organizations like the American Translator Association, et cetera. So you can check them, maybe your local chapter, something has some translators that deal with your language combination. Unfortunately, if you have a rare language combination, you should talk to other translators in your language combination. They'll know best. But otherwise, I hope that helps. So as you can see, there are resources for learning different languages, but they're kind of segmented. But hopefully through one of those links, they're looking at your local schools or what's around you, you can find something that suits your needs in case you want to improve your translation skills or you want to get a degree or just get more training in translation. So hopefully you found this video useful. If you did, please click like. Please give me a thumbs up because that always helps. And feel free to subscribe for more videos where I talk about freelance translation, freelancing in general and stuff along those lines. If you have any questions, also feel free to let me know. I try to read and try to answer all the questions that I can. Very often, if there's a question that I think deserves a video, then I'll make a video of it like I did in this one. That's about it for now. I'll talk to you later. Thanks. Bye.


As you know, Dua's integral part of Islam, the part of the shoulder are really getting into this lifting our spirits up. Yes, yes, definitely. I mean that's what the applications are there for. The Dua's, the benefits of Dua's is to not only bring you closer to Allah SWT, but also to make sure that you have faith in Allah SWT, because when you ask a person for something, you must really know that this person will actually give you what it is. So usually if you know this person is a person who's not giving, you'll never really go and ask him, can I have, because he's known to be not given. Allah SWT is known to be giving and kareem, and this is part of his names. Absolutely. So you ask him, and you know, I'll give you whatever you need. It's a tradition that says even ask for the salt in your food, you know, ask. Because the etiquette is to honor that he's our creator, he's the one who provides every substance that we have, and we must rely on him for our needs. And then again it's up to him to, so today please talk us through what we're going to do. So this specific dua is very beautiful. Yeah, what do you have for us today? This one is beautiful. I mean, they're all beautiful, but each one has their own kind of beauty. Unique beauty, yeah? Exactly. So this one is more of a kind of, you know, it's very emotional. So this one usually brings a tear to a person's eye, because it tells you, oh Allah, set me right for the religion that you have made, a safeguard for me. So you have made a guideline for me, Allah SWT, to the way I live my life. Oh Allah, make me see this guideline. Don't blind me from this blessing. Because there's a lot of people who have their blessings in front of them, they don't see it, but there is a blessing there. Exactly.  He bestowed you a well-being, health. He bestowed you a family. All these things are blessings. The reason why you wake up in the morning is because of Allah SWT. That's because what you ask him. You know, sometimes when you ask him for something, he doesn't have to be physical. Oh Allah, bless me health. You can't see your health. You often say risk doesn't mean money, does it necessarily? Risk is before your health. Risk Al-Afya. Oh Allah bless me. Risk Al-Afya. Al-Afya is my well-being. So risk doesn't have to be something physical. Something to live by. Just to, you know, Allah SWT, give me patience against my enemies.


We're out here in the cold doing Operation Sebran Deep Freeze. We're testing limitations of our sebran equipment, along with doing tactical training. The threat's ever changing. We have to learn to adapt and overcome. We've been used to testing our equipment in the desert, in heat. It's time to make sure it can operate in cold, pushing those limitations and driving the mission forward. If you don't mind the cold, it's a great time. The whole point of Operation Sebran Deep Freeze is to put our skills and equipment to the test in an extreme weather environment. And the extreme weather environment that we face every year is cold weather. And cold weather brings along with it a slew of problems. What we can do to combat those things or keep our equipment operational as long as we can. The students were given intel that they needed to go to the site, clear out the area, make sure there weren't any enemy combatants there, and then go in and attempt to get samples or to also try and identify the products that were being made inside. So the students technically came down the road to survey the situation. And then they moved in towards the building, determined which entrance they wanted to go into. Then they proceeded to get inside as fast as possible, found the room that had the lab that they were looking for. They decided where they wanted to sample, decond as best they could at the time, and then tried to get out. The cold weather definitely adds to a difficulty in both the getting to the site that they need to exploit and sample at, as well as the actual sampling itself. Even our equipment, the battery life on all of our equipment really shortens down when we get cold. Something that you have to think about, and not just your equipment, but also your health. We haven't really tested our cold weather equipment in 30 years. Basically, since the end of the Cold War, we don't have those tactics and techniques and procedures built up anymore for the current equipment. We have it for legacy equipment, but we don't use that anymore. So we need to do the hard work of developing those TTPs for our current equipment. We're having a team come out to respond to our improvised device that was suspected chemical warfare agent. We're looking to see if we can find confirmation of a chlorine product or maybe some precursors to a chlorine product. We're trying to develop some analytical thinking. We're trying to hone and sharpen those response skills and the recce skills. Evaluating the facility. And then once they've done some monitoring outside the facility, they're going to check inside the facility and try to identify as much as they can about what was going on inside. We're running them through a bio scenario where they're coming across any type of bio agents. They're getting into their chem gear and they're taking samples and trying to identify what they're coming across. Then they can push the information up to higher headquarters. We have them room clearing procedures. They went through a little bit of training with our security forces members and got a little bit of shoot movement, communicate room clearing procedures from them to help them accomplish their missions that they're being tasked with today. The way CBRN hazard reacts in heat is very different than how it will react in cold. So it's important that we understand how that's going to react and what equipment we'll need to push that mission forward. All right, glad we're getting ready on that. That's the first thing I'm thinking of. Just want to make sure we're clear of that hazard. We're going to want multires in there. That the gear we're bringing in is going to be suitable for that, huh? So while we're doing your team be joining us while we go down there outside. I will probably be going back down the road in this. We can always stop there. Maybe mop up there. Yeah, yeah. Wait. We can stop here. One. Before attack. Ex-filled before attack. Over. You've got to be sure. The rest will come naturally. But we're cleaning around here, right? So let's see what they think of this. We got the time. They may not like it. I don't know. I'm just saying we're doing that. So if you see that, we're interested on your take at the end. Oh, sure. Yeah, that's great. That's what we're going to do. But not too close. The efficient. I see bleach. I see a heat source. Yeah. See it's not being heated too. All right, keep moving. I'm going to this one. Oh, yeah. I see. Corner. Yeah, that was thinking for me either. Yeah. So we took a peek inside. They clearly got a set up. We got a suit, something being heated. Oh, here it comes. Yep, yep. Good fall. Don't fall. I'll be sitting right here. Like, almost all these windows have a cracker out of these. Yep. So we're going to kick that like a swing door, or say like. Can you do it first? I'll bring up the boots. Do you have a hand? I'm going to put them around. Yeah. Rub me off and knock on that. All right, what is it? There shouldn't be anything here. You leave it. Drop it in. Good deal. Well, you haven't really got the bottom. I probably don't want to go. All right, I'll leave it to the temple. It's kind of a nice idea. But I don't want to look in there. Yeah, it's like in this car, I think, really. It shouldn't look. There you go.  That's plenty. Whoa. What? I'm going to stick a cigarette right in there and smoke it. Well, he doesn't have a cigarette.  I don't think I'm going to look at what this is. What do you know? You're upright. From the paper and the paper not absorbing it. Let's show you. It's a water-based product versus an oil-based product. So these are just boxes and saying, well, it's not this. It's not this. It's not this. I'm looking at Google and saying, all right, after a second, the black boot versus the yellow boot. So we've got the... Let me check and see where they are. The teams are kind of providing some additional support. But they're... I'm going to see where those guys are on teams again in the gear set and I'll let you know. Okay. Sounds good. Thank you. Thank you. Have we got the road closer up on the map? So I'm thinking about... We're just going to park our car about right here. That's what we're going to do. And then see how they... If they fall along the road or if they go through the woods, right at... If they start going around, they're going to be stuck. If they start going around, they're going to be stuck. Yeah. So we're just going to stop. I was going to say, we'll get out there before you guys so that we don't have to worry about that. And then we'll... Get that stairwell. Let me know if you're ready. All right. You ready? Okay.


Organon chip technology has made significant progress in recent years with advances in the development of chips related to brain functions and systems. These chips are designed to mimic the structure and function of organs and vivo, allowing for more accurate testing of drugs and disease models. This technology also has the potential to reduce the time and cost associated with traditional drug development, as well as improve the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment. This article was authored by Zhili, Yeming Zhao, XuFALV, and others.


Hey everybody, this is Brian. Welcome to the 126-Q tutorial. We're going to call this one My Fill Turd, which if you've been following along, I'm sure this one's going to be pretty self-explanatory. That's why it's going to be pretty short. I'm going to follow the same principle here, actually the almost exact same user interface. Let's do this. Fill Turd. Now, you're probably wondering why you need a filter and a Fill Turd. The difference is very simple, yet the answer is actually kind of complex. Filter or map, as you know, will return, actually doesn't return, it modifies your existing collection or your existing sequence, where the pluraled version of that mapped or filtered will actually give you a new one. The reason for that is some things are a little bit intensive and you don't want to reinvent the wheel. If you want to make a new list, you call the plural version of that. It seems like common sense, but sometimes you've got to ask yourself why. It's just one of those niceties that the good developers have decided to add in. For that, I actually thank them because I hate, I absolutely despise writing code for the sake of writing code. Let's do this. Meaning if I've got to do some function over and over and over and it's got some for loop and all this other nonsense, why do I have to do that? Why couldn't they just add that into the class? I love things that have these little niceties about them. Same principle, we're going to shake things up a bit here. Let's say if name.toLower equal Bob or name.toLower equal and we'll say Heather then we'll return to. Otherwise, we're just going to return false. That's our basic filter and you can do pretty much anything inside of that filter. We're going to make a queue. Once again, I get ahead of myself here. We got to go back and add our concurrency to our project that actually adds in the queue concurrent and then add in our include. Otherwise, we're going to have all sorts of headaches when we go to build this. Now we should be in business. I think I've done that almost every single queue concurrent tutorial and it's probably driving you guys nuts. All right, so queue string list and we're going to call it people. We'll say people, say Mark then Heather and we'll say Bob and one more just for giggles Chad. Then we're going to UI, let's widget.clear and UI, let's widget to.clear. Very, very similar. I'm really trying to hustle through this because I don't want to waste your guys' time. Then we're going to just update the existing. We'll say UI, actually we can wait. Let's get to the heart of the matter here. Queue string list and we'll call this allowed. These are the people allowed to my party. Queue concurrent and we're going to call blocking filtered, the plural version of that. We want the sequence and the keep functor. The sequence of course is the people and they keep functored is. See dialogue, dialogue, here we go to filtered. Now, because we're kind of reiterating over things that we've already talked about and I'm sure this tutorial is not rocket science for many of you out there. Why do you need these? Why did these even exist? Think of it as if like you're going to make a thumbnail image for every image in directory. Well, that's going to take time. That's why the mapped function exists. You're going to give it a list of file names and then it's going to go through and actually give it a list of images, not file names, but you know what I mean. You could give it a string list and then actually make the files on the desk or whatever, but that's going to take time and you want to actually wait until it's done. So we're going to add the people in the first list and second list. We're going to just add the updated allowed list filtered. However, it would be like if you want to, you know, do some sort of processing and filter things out and I probably should have named that a little bit better. That looks like a variable for a bowling, but we could call it allowed list. Let's actually do that just because we want to want to be accurate here. And the difference of course between the plural and non-plural is, you know, one returns a list, one doesn't want. Add items. I did so good on that. I tried so hard not to misspell it. All right. Run this and boom. The only people we're allowing into our party are Heather and Bob. So that is the cute concurrent blocking filtered. Before we end this tutorial, I did get an email saying, why am I using blocking? Well, because we haven't yet really touched on the Q future or the Q future watcher, which are coming in future tutorials. That was a bit of a mismar, the future and future watcher coming in the future. That's like if you go back in time and give birth to a child, but he ends up actually being your grandfather's. Anyway, that made no sense. Be sure to visit my website voidrealms.com for source code for this and other tutorials. And it's Christmas time. So if you feel like donating, feel free to, but it's under no obligation. That's it. Thanks for watching.


Hey guys, it's Tilly and today I'm here with a very quick video. I have got working about half an hour and I got back off my holiday like 12 hours ago and I also as I have no actual videos to upload to my channel for another few days so I thought why not make a really crappy video that has something to do with books that you guys can probably dislike. Yeah that's a great idea. This is gonna be a quick update on like what's been happening with me because I've been on holiday now for the last two weeks. I was in Canada, more specifically I was in Whistler, which for those of you who might know is a ski resort. Basically I'm an epic snowboarder.  I went there for a snow holiday and to also see my best friend who has been there after about two years and pretty much I just annoyed the shit out of him for two straight weeks. It was so much fun and it made the 30 hour flight definitely worth it except for one of those flights on the return. For nine hours I had a screaming child behind me. I could put up with the screens but the fact that it's mum let it just bang the tray table for four hours on the back of my chair. Even when I do that whole considerate thing where you like look over your shoulder and make eye contact with them and have like a secret conversation where you're like I am not happy with the standard of my chair right now and they're like I'm totally sorry I'm gonna completely change that. But I made eye contact with this chick like 12 times and she still did not stop that child but I'm not bitter about that at all. I did manage to read some books though and for those of you who know the series is called All for the Game.  I'm only making a video purely on that series to convince you guys to read it so stay tuned for that. Who god knows how long it's going to be because my video schedule is like I also Retreat to the Throne which is a second book in the Rebel of the Sand series and hopefully I'll continue on with reading more books but hey we all know how my mind works and it tends to hate me reading when I really want to so yay. Anyway back to me I was on holiday. Whistler is an absolutely stunning place visually it is absolutely beautiful and I loved every second of my stay there. I did some really cool things including Zip Trek which is where you pretty much like go on a zipline across this huge area of like forest and it was amazing and fun and bloody cold but definitely worth it. It was like minus 10 some days more over there and some of your ice cubes are probably like watching this like minus 10 that's barely anything but for me it's like a 35 to 40 degree temperature change because right now it is really really hot and it is only like seven o'clock in the morning and I'm still sweating. But I'm back anyway and I shall be doing more video soon and plenty more to come. I'm actually going to be doing a few more vlogs as well so yeah keep an eye out for that.  Cool thanks for watching this shitty update I hope you guys enjoyed and I hope you guys have all been really good these last two weeks. I'm going to be going through all my comments and replying to them and same on all my other social media because I pretty much just been like a ghost.  Before I keep being so down on myself I'm going to go and yeah hopefully you guys have a lovely bookish day and that great things happen to you. Bye.


because there's some deeper reasons why he's not texting back. But I wanna go on to say the problem with this approach is that it's all about your desires and not his. See, you're expressing a desire would feel really good if you do this for me, okay? It comes across as a demand. It could even come across motherly, okay? And as you know, men oftentimes resist their mother because as growing up, mothers would tell us what to do. So when you say do this under the guise of it would feel good, you're making this assumption that he's naturally going to want to. But understand that it might feel like a demand. And for the guy that's lost interest in you, well, he'll keep forgetting to do it. He'll avoid doing it. He'll come up with excuses.


Welcome to Toppy TV, it's the final word, I'm joined by Sarah from the Blue Room, Bournemouth 2, Everton 2, you were there Sarah, how disappointing was? Do you know what, I'm still really, really, really gutted about it to be honest with you. I mean, I think I do take these things particularly hard, like I'll hold a grudge about things, it takes me... Forever. Yeah, forever, it takes me a few days, I mean, on the surface of things, actually, we've started the season pretty well. But I was saying to you before, wasn't I, that, and you kind of agreed, we should really be on nine points here. Seven at least. Seven at least, yeah, because I think when you look back to the Walls game even, poor decisions, I think, ultimately we kind of threw that game away with the help from the referee, and the same thing. We can't purely blame the referee. No, no. Because, you know, we should have been able to see that outcome comfortably. I don't get into that, but no, I mean, I suppose the biggest disappointment, you'll know more because you were there, it's different when you're not there and you're watching on TV, and almost when you're watching it on TV, I think you can see what's going to happen more than I think sometimes when you're at the match and you're caught up in it. I think probably, and I know this from going on again for years and years and years, but it's that position, especially when you're in a away game, of just being so happy, especially when you're there, you're so happy because you're winning, you know, you're getting to see an away game, and you're winning, and everything that goes with it, and then for it to be taken away from, yeah. You can't look at things on the surface. No. There has to be that disappointment, because otherwise you wouldn't be a football fan. I was going to say, I don't think you'd be human if you were blue and didn't feel a bit gutted after that result. I mean, again, like you said, it's different if you're not there. I've been on the other side of it, you know, when we've played away, and I've just seen the highlights or whatever, and you think that looks decent, that looks fair, but we've seen how they edit things, and they've got to, of course, we can't see the whole game back all the time, but when I watched it back, I thought, yeah, actually, a draw kind of looks fair. They had a few chances that they should have taken prior to their goals, but when you tune it up, you know, from the position we were in, 10 men, half time, you know, people are saying, probably take a point, then to get into a position where we're a goal up, then level it up with the 10 men, and then go two up, it's just... It's that other thing as well, it's having that, like, going down to 10 men, I know they went down to 10 men, but it's having that thing of being down to 10 men, playing for over, you know, 45 minutes to 50 minutes with 10 men. If you see how it's a game like that, it galvanizes everyone. It's like the players know they've put the effort in, the fans have gone through it, the fans know the players have gone through it, and I think those performances are what galvanize fans with teams. I'm not saying that the fans are not with the players, because I know they are, but I think if you come through those games and you get the points, then you know. I mean, that's why I think Wolves, people come away from Wolves with the positivity. Of course, yeah. Even though we'd thrown, even though we were winning with 10 minutes to go, people looked at it and went, you know what, we were down to 10 men after whatever it was, 35 minutes or whatever, 40 minutes, those lads have put a shift in there, and okay, it ultimately hasn't ended the way we wanted to end, but we did well. Where it's sad to say, I still think there's that feeling, but it's just that, but what if we could have got those points? What would that have meant to this team and to those fans that were there? I remember we went to Bournemouth when we went down to 10 men, but we won the game 2-0 or whatever. I think that just, that accelerates the process, I think a little bit faster. Yeah. But ultimately it wasn't to be. It wasn't, and I think that's a really good point you make there. I mean, when that second goal went in from Keen, it was just mad. Again, I'm covered in bruises, but just hugging random people. Everyone's kissing and hugging each other, bloke getting escorted out the stadium. It's mad. You're so close to the players, and you can just see and hear them screaming, and then the fans were sublime for the rest of it. It was so great, and I was just there thinking, like you said, I'm just absolutely loving this. There's no better feeling in the world. And in my head, I'm thinking, wow. In my head, we're already on seven points after three games. It's been a fantastic win. And then of course, when they get the penalty, there's still that mentality of, I'll be honest with you, when the ref blew for the penalty, I thought we're not going to win this game. And I think that that's still the mentality that's in some of the players. Like, you know, for as much as they've been, they're great. Coleman, who was poor on Saturday, and Layton Baines, who gave away the penalty. I feel like it's that fear that's installed in them, that we're not going to see it through. It is in the fans as well. Well, I think, funny enough, I think, I mean, last week, I think that, you know, being tuned up in it and them getting the goal, I think there was the fear there amongst the fans.  And then we hung on. I remember thinking that was a big sort of turning point in the season for us. You know, we hadn't won that many games in the new year. You know, that came at the end of the month. And that was a big turning point for us. That was one of those games we hung on here. We'll take that into the next game. And I think, largely, we did then. It's just disappointing, because you don't want history to almost feel like it's repeating itself. It was almost, you know, the ghosts of Martinis, the 3-3 down there and what happened there. And also, with the manager himself from last season, with Wofford, the amount of times they were in the lead, we've seen ourselves being tuned up against them. And that's that fear, I think, those creep into some people's minds who all along have said that, we're just like Martinis. But I think players, I think the players and the manager have got to take responsibility for this result, the naiveness of it. But let's hope that, now that it's happened, that we can work through it and go, let's make sure that doesn't happen again. Yeah, definitely. And I think, you know, like you said, it's on the manager and it's on the players as well. I think it was pretty obvious from the start, the second half, though we started very well. So when Warmer started to come into it more, all their joy was coming down that left-hand side and it looked like, just get Dinyay on, get him on. He's got the mobility, he's got the pace, because they were just skipping past Banes. And I think in the end, his kind of tiredness and everything showed, and it's a bit lazy how he gives away the penalty. You know, maybe a couple of substitutions, different substitutions. With Charleston, I think, listen, he is what he is. We've seen him in the first game against Wolves, getting involved. You know, I think he kicked out at a lag when he'd been kicked a few times. And I think that was an early sign of that. The lads got a petrol inside to him. I honestly don't think that's a problem, especially with the relationship between the manager and the player. I think that can be dealt with. And I think that brings out the other side of him as well.  And there's nothing in it, really. He moves his head towards him. He doesn't touch him. I don't think. And it's just that motion. But he's been suckered into it.   But unfortunately, like we say all the time, they are the rules. The rule is pathetic because the things you see, I watched the Newcastle game yesterday, and I'm watching the Newcastle players kick seven bells of shite out of those Chelsea players, normally to the way around. Newcastle players were kicking them left, right and centre. And they were with those. It was worse than the Jags tackle and with what the Charleston done. And yet not one of them got sent off. I've seen Sahars yesterday as well against Watford. It was worse. But it is what it is.   It's petulant. But it's the way it is now. Yeah. Really, really, really annoyed with him, to be honest. But it's one of those things. I think we all do things in the heat at the moment. And that's just what he's done. But you've got to keep your head in those situations. We would just start into, you know, kind of keep the ball a little bit better build on, you know, some possession and stuff like that. We had to throw in a decent position. Or so we thought, well, it was our throw. And they're ready to take that. And all of a sudden, their fans burst open. It's no hesitation. The red card's up. And I didn't see it happen at the time. It was at halftime getting on Twitter and seeing the videos that were going around.   I think the rules are a joke. However, he's given him the decision to make. Yeah, he has. As soon as you do that, you flick your neck like that in the motion to headbutt someone. Then, you know. And we go up to nil. And at that point, we really are cruising. No, it's 10 minutes. We score the goal. We tune it up. And you just think adjust. Change the team. A good team will see this out. Yeah. Sorry. I'm going to say a team with a good mentality. Yeah. Well, this is the thing. I mean, as soon as that second one, after all the celebrations were starting to die down and stuff, you could see Guilty saying to the players, calm it, calm it down.  They should know already how to see out again. Yeah.  You think there's enough experienced heads in there to be able to go, right? Let's slow this down now. Let's play the ball. Let's keep possession. Let's just see this last 25 minutes off. We've got a two-goal cushion here. Sound, happy days. We're all going to be traveling home. Yeah. Three points happy. And that didn't happen, unfortunately. I think, you know, maybe Marco Silva should have changed it a little bit as well. Well, I think he should have. Yeah. I'll be honest. I think he should have. Marco Silva's been a breath of fresh air since he's come in at the club. I really think he has, and the players love them to bits by the sounds of it. But I, for me, think that the manager needs to change it in this situation. And this is something last season, when he was Wofford manager that, I think, in the early part of the season. I don't know him a few times. And he went up at Chelsea. They were obviously up at Goodison. He was games that he should have sought out. Now, maybe he didn't have the personnel, and maybe at the moment he doesn't quite have the personnel. But I would also say the players on the pitch should be thinking about how to get through these games. Of course, at 2-0, you want to make it 3-0. But you've also got to play the game where it lies. And for those first five to 10 minutes after conceding, after making it 2-0, you've got to take this thing out of the game. You've got to quiet down the opposition. You've got to go quiet down the team. We've seen this at Wolves. When a team goes behind, especially in the 2-0 behind or whatever, if there's time left, the opposition will say, right, well, let's make the changes. There's nothing to lose here. So we'll make the changes. We've got to turn the momentum, are we? And that's what Bournemouth did. They turned the momentum near way. And we've got to counter that by saying, right, well, we've got to stifle this out. That means keeping the ball. And if you can get through that first 10 minutes, and I know by playing in games as well, a basal say the same as that, if you... The longer it goes on, the more mentally you think, we're not going to break these down. You're hoping it... We've seen this ever with fans. You think that if we...  And if they get through it, you're like, oh, there's not a way we can do it. And obviously, time's on your side, obviously. Well, this is it. I think you get to 80 minutes and you sound. Five more minutes. And I think that's it. Like you said, mentally, they're like, we've got 10 minutes here, lads. We're not going to do it. But getting that penalty at that time, scoring it, and then it was their fans. And like we said before, the mentality, you could... It felt almost not speaking for everyone, but certainly for me, I did feel like it's going to be too early. We're not going to win. And I shouldn't feel like that. You said that before about when they had that breakaway. That breakaway should have been the one. Why have we got... We're turning it up. Why have we got... It wasn't even a two versus one. There was someone standing near him. He was unmarked. He basically broke out of his own arm because he had the pace. Why are our fullbacks so far ahead at that point? James had had an absolute stinker. He was rubbish first half. He couldn't beat the lad. He couldn't drop a bag of sand in that first half. He couldn't find a pass. I don't think he completed one pass. No, he's terrible. Bains had been... I don't know where... He'd been offered a little bit. He was unsettled, I think, probably once with Charleston had gone off. But you're thinking, why are you allowing their lads with pace to have so much pace? Why aren't we going... Well, you know what? We're turning it up. Let's just bring one player back. Let's get... Let's get Garnet sitting in front. He's fast. He's a bit of a whipping.  Or just get the fullbacks. Just get James and say, James, just come back here, lad. Just come back here and deal with this. Deal with him. He's fast. You deal with him. No. We let him get one on one. I'll get Garnet back. Give him a little push and he doesn't score. A better striker there will just finish a break. Yeah, it should be two on one. That's an agraro. He's finishing it. That should have been the one at time. It's a ball. I know, they make saying it was a brilliant ball. It was a good ball into space, but that had to be able to run. Yeah. Then it happens again. This time, with Deeper on the edge of our area, lad plays a long ball over. It's a nothing ball, a nothing ball. Really, I think one of the centre backs should just be dealing with that. The lad's got between Bains and the other defender. Is it keen? I think it's keen. But anyway, whoever it is, it's fine. Bains can see the ball. He should be telling the centre back. Really. But he doesn't. He just wanders over and pushes him in the back. What are you doing? If you're going to come over, come over and get goalside, don't go to the back, because once he feels contact, he's going to go down to be fair. The lad didn't even know Bains was there, so you are going to go down. Yeah. He didn't give it the all, looking around the corner. Bains should just be starting over and saying to the centre back, he's behind you, getting goalside. The lad brings it down on his knee, and somehow smashes it in. Fair play. He's the lad. Fair play. It's not going to happen, is it? But it's not going to happen. But you've just wandered over and pushed him in the back, when there's nothing.  That is a big, small defender. It is. And there's nothing the manager can do about that. That's got nothing to do with the manager. It's got nothing to do with zonal marking or anything.  It is. It is. And that's what's so infuriating about it. It doesn't feel like, as we say on the surface of things, a draw away at Bournemouth, not a bad result at all. We've started pretty well, but we've given them, we've given them, we've gone, do you want a chance to get back in the game? Come on then. That's it. And once they had their foot in, it was going to happen. And whether that is still in my mentality, I think it's still in some of the player's mentalities, they got that corner and it was like, and the frustrating thing as well is Banes almost keeps it from being a corner, kicks out for a throw, but it's gone over the line. And it was nail on that it was going in. You just kind of, you just knew that they were going to score from it. And so he said, our heads had dropped then, their fans were up for it. They're the comeback kings anyway. You know, they know how to do it, but we shouldn't, they shouldn't have, it's all on us.  It comes from the fact that, as well, is that you've got to get through that spell. You've got to get through, they make changes. We've got to react to that. We've got to, the manager's got to react. He's got to change something. I know he brought, he brought Bernard down on the, on the right, which I thought was a, I thought it was a bit of a stain. So, played, played. I don't know. Maybe I would have, I'd tune it up. Maybe I would have brought Dominic Avalon on stage right up front. Because, he's got freshness then. Hang on. Yeah. I'm not having to go with any chink or anything. I'm just saying it's a freshness and saying, when we get the ball, actually what we're going to do is, we're going to draw, when we, sorry, we're going to draw for the start, five, ten yards further back. And we're just going to start eating corners. We've done, you'll run all day for you. You've got to walk up with legs as well out there. Change it that way.  He's done it for Chelsea. Yeah. All right. Maybe that's not something the manager knows too much about. But we haven't got too many options on the bench there. I just thought at that point, that's where you miss a snack.  You'll just take the ball all day and setting everyone down. And we feel just too erratic in games like this. I mean, the second, honest to God. It's a corner. Again, same as last week, the lad runs near post, gets the flick on, and, okay, it hits the post. It's a good edit. On a different day, it's the side of the post and goes out. And we've seen, seen the danger. But again, no one reacts. The ball comes off the post and they've got two ready for the time. I was going to say, there was two, if he hadn't had it. And we've got, Tom Davey's going, hoo, to hold it, hoo. No one's, we all are players around the six-yard box. Yeah. All their players are coming into the six-yard box. There's a possibility that the ball could rebound. Yeah. No, it's like, come on, these are basics. These are basics. Be alert.  But these are the things, aren't they? People don't like zoning, Markham. No, I don't. And I've seen it. But, well, it is what it is, isn't it? It is what it is. But it doesn't matter if that's man to man or that's zoning. Basic. If you're not reacting to the ball, they're going to do that all. At quite a high level. And he said, zoning's better than man to man, Markham. Mm-hmm. But it's not, it doesn't work, as players don't work. Yeah. And it will take time, of course, but players have got to react. It felt lazy, didn't it? It just, it felt... I just feel like, player, are we playing zoning but we don't have anyone in the six-yard box? Right. What's the point of that? Yeah. Both, we've conceded two goals and two games where lads are hard to happen from set plays as well. Like you said, it was obviously a different finish to Ings, but it was just easy.  Yeah, that's it. Except it come off the post. Yeah. And you just think these shouldn't be happening. Surely you should have someone in the six-yard box reacting to that? Hoofing it away. That's it. And it was just like, like you said, there was another fella ready to tap it in if I wasn't there as well. If Michael Keynes in the six-yard box there, he's winning that flick for me. Mm-hmm. It should be. It's bathroom, but if you don't like it, you don't like it. I'm fair enough. But for me, that's just got more to do with players not doing the jobs and not being away. Now, maybe that's the, you could maybe play the part of those going down to 10 men, but I don't think that should come into it that state. I think people should do the jobs and they do the jobs right. But that comes from, for me, that comes from, as I said, that comes from I was not set when they're getting down to 2-0.  Mm-hmm. It's all those things. Mm-hmm. It's for our fullback still bombing on when we're 2-0 up. It's these things. There's no need. There's no need for, and I know people say, yeah, but if you sit back, you are, you are inviting the pressure, but I would, just play. You're inviting the pressure anyway. Yeah, exactly. They've only got one thing to do. They're 2-0 up. They're going to have a go at you.  Mm-hmm. But it'll be easier because we've got no fullbacks. For 5-10 minutes, just settle everyone down. Yeah. That's where the senior heads come in. That's where your comments come in. That's where your veins come in. For me, this is down to the players. This is down to your senior players. This is down to your comments. This is down to your veins. Banes clearly by giving the penalty. But this is down to people like Coleman to just say, do you know what? For 5-10 minutes, I'm just going to sit and I'm going to slow it down. Slow it down.  I'll do my job for 10 minutes. And let's all change a little bit. Mm-hmm. Let's go longer. Let's start hitting players in the corner of the corners. Let's give the ball to players. You can do things with it like Siginson. So that comes from your senior players. So where you're saying Siginson shouldn't have to do that. Well, unfortunately, he probably thinks that he should have to do that because if the players who are the most senior players at everything, Coleman and Banes, aren't reacting, then maybe he's got to say that. So I'm not giving any blame to Silver. Silver will look at the situation and think, I've got the players on there who can settle this game down. He didn't. Yeah. And that's on them. Yeah. So that's up to those players.  He's finished. I've been quite happy with Banes so far this season up till that missed it. Because I want to see that change over happen naturally. Not just throw him in. Exactly. Because I don't want to get caught up in the same mistakes that we made last season where we just went, oh, we've got a load of new players. Go ahead, lads. Yeah. Go on. I want that change to be natural. Now, I'm sure Dean will get a chance against Rotherham. And maybe the manager will go, you've took your chance. You're staying in. You're staying in and listening to the knock last week as well. So you missed last week. So let that happen naturally. And listen, let's not just go throw everyone in because we've got, listen, we've got, we've got suspensions and injuries and we're three games into the season. So let's just let, let that calm down. Let that happen naturally. But I think Banes is in there for his experience and obviously he's a still, still a good player. But if he ain't showing that experience on the pitch, then that change will be made. Yeah. And it has to be as well and ultimately we need to be winning games. I think it's a real shame because Banes had played particularly well against Wolves away and stuff. But maybe that is his age showing that it's the third game in we have 10 men again for another whole half of football. He was a bit tired, but I think Dean, yeah, in that game, as soon as Charleston had gone off and there was no protection for him, it was just, it was just dead easy. And like you said, he's got to be able to not do rash things. Like you've got to think in the box here with two and a lot cruising. Don't push up. Don't push there forward in the back. Just don't do that for a start. Exactly.  Well, not quite like that. You might do that. I don't know. But you know, you've got to look to them players to be the ones to be more composed. And as I said before, I think sometimes our youngsters, such as Calvert, Lewin and various others, show more of that kind of calming influence and that's what was missing. And that's what cost us the game. Should have been home and dry. It felt like we were all thinking, I've got a seven hour drive home here, but it's going to be sound. What makes it worse is, after they got the equaliser, they almost settled for that. You had a couple of opportunities, but I don't think they they suddenly thought, well, we've got something to protect ourselves. And if we get a winner, it will come from, it won't come from being gung ho. And we've had another chance. I mean, we had the cross that led to Towsham being brought down. And at the time, again, this is something with VAR. That's given. Yeah, of course it is. Yeah, it's a penalty. That's given because the ref looks at it and probably thinks it's, you know, six or one half or doesn't know that. But if he gets it, if someone else looks at that, they see him getting brought down in the box. Yeah, he's got his arm as he just drags into the floor to play a penalty. It's a penalty, but it's one of those that in the game, refs don't tend to give all the time. And then, Sigurdsson's got a great chance, really. Right at the end. Right at the end, where he shapes himself a little bit of space. And he's looked, I can see what he's looking to do. He's looking to bend the top corner whereas I'm thinking, just hit the target. Like, is it good enough to just hit the target? Yeah. I think Sigurdsson does that too much where he's almost... Don't get me wrong, he played really well. Yeah. But I think there's time for Sigurdsson in his shooting where he is looking for that. I'll bend this top corner whereas I'm thinking, just hit the target. And hit it hard. That's what woke up a bit the first one. He just hit the target, goes through the keeper and, you know, because most, you know, keeper's probably, I think keeper's more often now are looking for someone to just try and bend the top corner whereas they're not always looking for someone to smash it. I think if he just smashed that. It's 3-2. Yeah, yeah. And that's the thing, and I think he knows that as well, because when that was just before the final whistle, and when it did go, he came over to the fans and he was like, ah, like sorry kind of thing. And, you know, maybe it was just the occasion got to him and he thought... That's the last minute as well. He's worked hard. Let's not forget that. He had a great game to be said to him. He's worked hard in the game and in that last minute of game you need all your composure in your legs and in your head. And let's be honest, you know, it's not that easy, but I mean obviously as well, we had the unfortunate incidence of Michael Keane. Yeah. I mean, I feel doubly sorry for him because I think he's grabbed his chance in this team. Obviously he's scored in the game as well. I think he's looked a lot better. He's not, listen, I still don't think he's anywhere near the finished article. But what I do see is actually a player that with someone alongside him who can maybe compensate for his lack of pace might really help him out.  The annoying thing is it's his own player. Yeah. It's Ghana, that's Donny. It's two players not, it's two players, in a positive way, what I would say, it's two players fighting for a ball. Yeah, of course. Just shout each other. I know, but again, it's, you know, it's the 90, what was it, it was the 90 third minute. Yeah, it was just before the injury time. It was around the injury. No, it was within the injury time because obviously, I think they just flashed up six minutes and then it was five minutes. It was five minutes and I think the restart was 96 because it finished at 102. Yeah. So, yeah, or whatever it was, but it was in the injury time. So, but obviously, he's going to be out for a month for now. Hale and fracture. Well, he's, it might actually be, well, it probably will be longer than a month. It might be two months because he said he can't train for a month. Yeah. I'm sure he'll keep himself ticking over. Although, do train with him. That is none, you know, but he can't rejoin in the first team training. So, it might be, I don't know, it might be four to six weeks because he can't train for four and then it will be a case of how sharp is he? Yeah. And also, we'll have to wait and see other people have taken the chance, but it's really disappointing that at that stage. It is, and the other thing I worry for him is that we've spoken about his mentality and we've seen like in the past with the likes of Peter Check. Yeah.  So, I worry about that and I am disappointed for him because I've said time and time again I'm not his biggest fan and it's because he frightens me as a defender to be honest and you know, wanted him to do well and credit to the lad because he has, he has been working hard and I think as fans or you can ask of the players is that given the chance they're going to work their ass off and they're going to try as hard as they can and he's done that. And they respond positively to a challenge which he has done in, you know, so far this season. Well, the fans were chanting Keanu Keanu I never thought I'd see the day I never thought I'd see the day and he really deserved it and I think he's going to be mortified not only because you know he thought he'd score the win which is what he said in his statement but you know now you've got to look at him we've got Zuma we've got Yerry Meena even Jags but I don't think he'd get him in ahead of him. Anyway, it's two-point stop it's disappointing but no, it's just disappointing there's no buts it's just really disappointing. It is. The positives are we look like a really really good team going forward. I think from what I've seen of us there's really promising signs there but we've got to work on defensive issues but we look like a team this season so far anyway we look like a cog-ease of team back in win games of football so from that point of view there's no real there's no real worries as such it's just that defensive side it's got to it's got to come up now that might be a change of person I might sort that out Zuma might go in there and be like I will make sure no one I'll deal with that but you don't know because we haven't seen too much of him so we'll wait and see anyway um there you have it this has been the final word make sure to leave your thoughts in the comments as always you always do big thanks to say it's actually not that cold that she has to wear a woolly hat but it's getting it it's getting it it's getting it I've got it out early this year I usually leave it until about October November but it is it's back it's changed so quick let us know your thoughts thanks for watching if you haven't already subscribed please do it all for a late and if you want more amazing videos and I stress amazing videos join us on page and join Sarah on the blue room with all the lads with Dave Dave's good lad Dave he'll love that plug we'll see you later


So with this let's move to our next speaker and our next speaker is Haruka Sakamoto and she has been, she is a senior fellow at the Tokyo Foundation for Policy Research and she has been tightly involved in the work of the G7 Health and the G7 in preparation for the Hiroshima Summit this year and I must say that to us in the global health community achievements in the declarations of the health G7 and of the G7 have been remarkable in the tense climate of negotiations that we currently face. So Haruka, thank you. Thank you very much for inviting me today. So Japan hosted G7 Summit this year in the Hiroshima and then pandemic preparedness was one of the major topic at the G7 this year but in 2016 Japan hosted the last G7 Summit, pandemic preparedness was also a main topic. At that time there was a Ebola virus outbreak in the West African countries and then the significant amount of discussion has been made how we can prepare for the future pandemics. Since then many effort has been done for preventing another pandemic but as we all know we could not prevent the COVID-19. So in this backdrop Japanese government again picked up pandemic preparedness is one of the key topic at the G7 with a specific focus on governance, financing and global rule making. First is about governance. I think this is not only the issue for the health sectors but if any kind of global crisis happens such as climate change, energy crisis or recent Gaza situation food or which country or which organization to take a leadership role is a really difficult question. I think this is the same to the health sector. So if the pandemic of the global scale happens which country or which organization or food takes a leadership role is a really really big issue. Of course we have the WHO but as just Michelle mentioned now global pandemic or global health is not only the issues within the health sector but this is intertwined with several other sectors and disregard which organization, which country or food taking leadership role is a really really big issue in the governance. So Japanese government pick up the governance of the pandemic preparedness as one of the key point of this year's summit. And of course we have the WHO where health ministers across the globe gathers and then discuss with the technical aspect of the pandemic preparedness. But this year's G7 also highlighted the importance of having a higher level, head of the states level dialogue platform which head of the states of each country discuss not only the impact on the health sectors but also the pandemic poses on the other sectors such as trade or economy. And next point is about financing. We need money in order to prevent spread of the viruses. But question is who make a financial contribution to the global pandemic. Especially like the COVID-19 many high income countries are also largely affected by the COVID-19 and then those country has no not adequate capacity to financially support low and middle income countries. In that case who or which country make a financial contribution to a global scale. So G20 not G7 took a leadership role and then created the new financing mechanism so called a pandemic fund. And this is the basic idea of the pandemic fund is asking the donor country to make a financial contribution to the pandemic fund. And then G7 this year also highlighted importance of the pandemic fund and then actually financially contributed to the pandemic fund and then showing their support to the pandemic fund. But still because since after the Lehman shock the money coming from the G7 countries or traditional donor country has been stagnated and then when global scale of pandemic happens the money coming from those traditional donor is not adequate at all. And we really need to mobilize resources other than G7 countries including the private sector or market. And then there is a still ongoing debate that how we can mobilize the money from the private sector or market as ongoing debate. And we really need to consider such kind of the financial mechanism. And third one is about the global rulemaking which Michelle already explained in detail about the pandemic treaty. And I think this is not an easy roadmap to agree upon the pandemic treaty because there is so many conflicting interest between or among countries. But again this year the G7 I think G7 is a country with a shared value showing the support for the pandemic treaty as kind of the sending a political message that we need to unite in order to prevent for the future pandemics. I also would like to highlight the importance of the innovation of the pharmaceuticals. So when next pandemic happens and if we can create vaccines more quickly we can save more lives which is good. So of course innovation is a key for the future pandemics. At the same time there are many challenges and concerns regarding the innovation for the pharmaceuticals. First one is the supply chain risks. Second one is technological transfer together with intellectual property rights issues. And the third one is equitable access and delivery. First one is the supply chain risks. So now most of all pharmaceuticals its ingredients or original materials are largely rely on China. And any country even the United States cannot complete the supply chain of the pharmaceuticals without China. And which now recognize as a kind of the security risks. And then there's now considering how we can secure or diversify the supply chain is one issues. And second point is the technological transfer. So even if we succeed in the vaccination research and development we need to do the several millions of vaccination. But usually country does not have such manufacturing capacities. So whenever global pandemic happens we need to collaborate with the country having a manufacturing capacity at a large scale. Such as China, India or South Africa or several other countries. But rapidly transfer the new technology isn't always a concern. Especially together with the intellectual property rights. So we also need to enhance the capacity at the global scale. Together we need to consider how we transfer those technology at a timely manner. And then we also need to consider how we deal with the intellectual property rights especially during the pandemic. And lastly about equitable access and delivery of the vaccines. I think this point has already echoed with the other panelist but the equitable access was a very key issue during the COVID-19. So many high income countries with huge amount of vaccine while the low income countries has no access to such vaccination. So we also need to create how we secure the equitable access and delivery of those medical countermeasures. So lastly I'd like to touch upon the relationship between the climate change and the health which are already mentioned from the Assistant Health Minister. So health secretary also emits significant amount of the CO2. So if health secretary is a country, the total amount of emission of CO2 is the fourth largest in the world. During the COVID-19, thanks to the vaccination, we could save many lives. But at the same time, there was a huge amount of medical waste and a significant burden on the environment. So before health secretary only to concentrate saving lives anyway. But now health secretary is also recognized that health secretary also have a role to the climate change. Which means we need to prepare for the future pandemic. We need to promote innovation for the pharmaceuticals or we need to attain equitable access of the pharmaceuticals or we need to decrease the green gas emission or we need to attain net zero emission in the health sector. But let's think that is it really possible that we deliver the vaccine at the last one mile of every country with no green gas emission? And this is a really quite tough question but we need to consider it. So in the conclusion, I think the question today are we ready for the future pandemic? I think they still know but we need to learn from the lessons from the COVID-19. And then also now we need to think about the climate change perspective whenever we do something for the future pandemic. Thank you. Thank you very much, Aroka. And thank you to Japan for emphasizing so strongly equity in the G7 and also in New York. I heard minister Takemi speak and equity was always at the top and the forefront of his interventions.


The U.S. has committed to a number of things to help Sri Lanka and that first is to save lives. There still remains a lot of critical infrastructure damage and other things that we can do to help return the island to normalcy and give a lot of people their lives back. So the United States first and foremost wants to do that, but we're also here to demonstrate a commitment to the government of Sri Lanka and also the people. The crew is excited, we're excited to get out there. We're working closely with the Sri Lakan Navy and the Sri Lakan Marine Corps and we hope we can make a difference and we look forward to doing that.


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So, welcome everybody, I'm Markus Vogel and today I'm talking about the Earth's exponent dynamics of S&P 500 returns. I'll present implications for market efficiency, long memory, multi-fractality and financial crisis predictability by the application of a fully generalized non-linear dynamics analysis framework. My presentation is structured as follows. At first, I will present the initial situation and the research idea because this is part of a larger research study with several papers. Second, I will present the chaos analysis framework. Third, the empirical results. And lastly, I will conclude with implications and future prospects. So, to present you the initial situation and research idea, this paper is based on a vast body of literature taken out of several research streams like non-linear dynamics, chaos theory, quantity of finance and so on and we sampled around 200,000 papers quantitatively and mathematically in order to extract the state of the art of the current literature. First of all, stylized facts or empirical characteristics of data are dominant on financial markets. There's a whole collection of more than 20 facts given in the literature. For example, non-linearity, asymmetries, momentum or fractality. The big conclusion is that no single best forecasting model in quantitative finance and quantitative modeling of markets is given. Yet, we observed that non-linear models tend to perform slightly better. Second, if we took a look at the non-linear dynamics literature, we found out that there's a 40 years old debate on whether the data generating process of time series is due to stochastic or chaotic dynamics and we developed a fully framework for that too. I keep it short because the results I have presented on last year's conference, but the quintessence is that we use cascaded wavelet filtered or denoised daily S&P 500 lock returns which have to be denoised because noise can really destroy any non-linear analysis and we found out that the data is a mixture of evolutionary deterministic chaotic and stochastic dynamics and chaoticity diminishes forecasting due to exponential growing error terms. The third topic is the Hearst exponent. The Hearst exponent can determine whether the underlying data follows a stochastic process. This is if the exponent is equal to 0.5. And shows persistency in a classical sense, which is if it exceeds 0.5, or whether the data is represented via mean reverting processes. This is if the process is below 0.5. In the standard literature, generally only single-valued representations of the Hearst exponents are given which means for the whole dataset only one exponent is calculated. This is the basic situation. So what is the research idea? Out of all the sample literature, the scientific literature applies rolling windows to Hearst exponents which means that they shift rolling windows through the data and for each rolling window a Hearst exponent is calculated. Yet the literature does not analyse the resulting Hearst exponent data characteristics. They just state the rolling window results. Second, our cooperation partner found out via empirical experiments that Mandel brought conception of the Hearst exponent to reveal long memory if it exceeds 0.5 is incorrect. We showed that if you remove fractal trends from the financial market data, the Hearst exponent runs to 0.5. That shows the existence of fractal trending characteristics instead of long memory which is assumed through the majority of academic literature. We further in various studies show that those trending characteristics cause the momentum effect which enables outperformance alpha generation and other properties and is a clear contradiction of the efficient market hypothesis. Thus, Hearst exponents can detect fractal trends which are inherent in chaotic dynamics. So the research idea for the study is to calculate and analyse rolling window Hearst exponents series with a generalized chaos analysis framework. So this is the framework and I will be very brief about it due to timely reasons with four steps in this part of the framework which is tailored for non-stationary data. The first thing is we have to fulfil several prerequisites and standard tests in order to ensure the validity and for the application and implementation of several chaos analysis algorithms. Thus, we first reduce noise, we test for sessionarity in order to determine which parts of the framework are applicable. We test standard distribution, so we test for gaussianity. We test non-linearity correlation structures, the entropy. If, depending on the data, we can apply significance tests. In the second part, we implement a recurrence quantification analysis and the recurrence quantification analysis describes the recurrence characteristics of the data and graphically and quantitatively determines the empirical data generating process properties underlying the data. Third, we applied a multi-resolution analysis which states potential exploitable frequency information for real-world trading systems and the last point is that we analyse power laws and other distributional characteristics by implementing multi-fractally-trended fluctuation analysis and elaborate on scaling laws and power laws. So how do we calculate those rolling windows? As you can see, you take the original data series and you shift a rolling window through the data and for each rolling window, a Hearst exponent is calculated. We selected a step size one in order to obtain as much data as possible. We also shown that there is no difference in the results between mutual exclusive windows and overlapping step size and we took what the minimum and maximum what the academic literature selected. So we selected the window sizes of 100, 1000 and 2500 days. In addition, due to lack of distributional theory, we calculated a bootstrapping algorithm with 50,000 steps each in order to determine whether the Hearst exponents are significant in difference to 0.5, which they all are. So I come to my empirical results. At the bottom left you see our S&P 500 return data and an orange denoised version of it. And then you have the three rolling window results, the H100, H1000 and the H2500. Note that the H100 represents the long-term development and the H2500, the short-term development. The red line indicates that the Hearst exponent is equal to 0.5, which would mean that the data follows a stochastic process which reflects martingale properties and the validity of the efficient market hypothesis. So the first thing to state is that the efficient market hypothesis is invalid. The second thing one can observe is if you look at the H1000 in the bottom left is that you have phases during market evolutions where high, very large, strong fractal trends are given in the data and suddenly drops down into mean reversion, which is an explicative rationale for momentum crashes, which means the actual vanishing of trends to be followed. So due to timely reason I will present you the collection of empirical results first and then elaborate in the details. First of all, the empirical data generating process of the Hearst exponent series is determinable via the recurrence quantification analysis measures versus surrogate data sets and versus mathematical chaotic systems combined with other stated characteristics. So in total we find that all three series are some kind of AR processes yet with very, I would say, stacked properties on top of that. First of all, the distribution is non-Gaussian. We have no hidden sub-dynamics. I will elaborate on that later. We have partially frequency information which can be exploited. We have high auto-correlation functions and we find multi-fractal spectra's power loss and fat tails. So first of all, I will elaborate on the auto-correlation functions. If you look at the left bottom right, you have the H100 which shows a short memory effect which means exponentially decaying auto-correlations while the other two series show true long memory effects which have significant slow decaying auto-correlations which exist in parallel to fractal trends. Now I summed up parts of the multi-resolution analysis and the recurrence quantification analysis. What we did is we applied a discrete wavelet transformation based on Adobo G9 wavelet to decompose our data with low pass and high pass filters and for each of those decomposed series we calculated the recurrence plots. So what you can see for the detailed coefficients is that there's only white noise remaining. So there's only residual noise and no hidden sub-dynamics visible for all the Earth's exponent data. Once you quantify those recurrence plots, as you can see them here, you can mathematically calculate the properties of the empirical data-generating process. Next is we employed a continuous wavelet transformation based on a Shannon wavelet and over 1024 scales in order to elaborate on existing frequency components which can be exploited in real-world trading systems and with exception of the short-term Earth's exponent series, all other window sizes have frequency information which can potentially be exploited. Finally, we calculated the multi-fractal detrendent fluctuation analysis spectrum where those dotted black lines indicate the local minimum and maximum Earth's exponents, which is coherent with the novel definition that the Earth's exponents exceeding 0.5 indicate the fractal trending instead of long memory. And on the bottom you see the power order distribution tests, the straight line is a theoretical power law while the dark red line is a complementary cumulative distribution function which shows the probability function properties of the data and we can clearly see that we have a power law with large fat tails. This is also the case for the short-term data. So the Earth's exponent series show low and narrow multi-fractal and fat-tailed power law characteristics and it is important to note that there are two existing rationales for multi-fractality which can be either caused via fat-tailed probability distributions as shown here and via non-linear temporal correlations. So how can we combine those Earth's exponents and the S&P 500 data series in order to elaborate on crisis periods? This is novel and I didn't find this approach in the literature so what we did, we shifted the rolling window through our original S&P return series data, the denoised one and for each rolling window we calculated a continuous wavelet transformation spectrum and for each wavelet spectrum we calculated the mean vector out of the coefficient matrix. So we took one of this coefficient matrix out of the CVT and we calculated for each scale the mean value in order to compress the whole matrix into a mean vector and then we just added up the rolling window mean vectors. So we receive a heat map which shows the average frequency per scale behavior of the S&P 500 return data series and this can be crossed to reference with the behavior of the Earth's exponents. So I will show you here what you can see here for I will stick to the 100 window. You can see that in particular in crisis periods especially the subcrime crisis that on average the frequency information is getting lastly positive and significant before dropping back into the negative which is in coherence with the momentum crisis I showed you earlier. If you broaden the window sizes, I've stated here wider window sizes lead to smearing effects and loss of resolution yet you can see the interconnection on a frequency level. So the Hearst exponent series shifts from strong momentum to mean reversion and are visible in the mean scale average in a frequency level in the original data series and thus can be an ex ante indicator for financial crisis. Finally I tried to conduct several forecasts based on fractal Brownian motion, several standardized stochastic or autoregressive models on LSTM and deep learning MLP network as well as the same combination MLP and LSTM in a wavelet neural network. wavelet neural networks actually replace the activation function with a mother wavelet function and I tried though all those methods to estimate those Hearst exponent dynamics and tried to use those estimates as input for a multi fractal Brownian motion in order to describe the chaotic data series. The forecasting results are pretty poor. The only acceptable results is the fractional Brownian motion for the short term Hearst exponent series which achieved this moving average with acceptable results in inside of aerometrics and the other approaches failed miserably. This could be due to the incurred errors in the first step and also stacked on the exponential error growth of the chaotic system itself. In terms of neural networks, especially wavelet neural networks the configuration with LSTMs and MLP tend to dislike sharp and frequently switching data such as given in financial return data and standardized stochastic processes are simply not capable of reproducing the advanced and more complex nature of the stochastic empirical data generating process. So before I conclude my presentation I want to elaborate on how chaos, Hearst exponents and momentum all stick together. In non-linear dynamics if you have a phase space in which your data lives and it is chaotic it is dissipative so the phase space deflates onto its strange attractor. The strange attractor can be intersected via Poincare sections and the Poincare section of the strange attractor is a fractal set. In order for a fractal set to work you need scaling laws which means you have a power line you can extract the growth exponents or the scaling exponents using the multi-fractal detrended fluctuation analysis and those fractal trends can be measured by the Hearst exponent itself which leads me to my conclusion the Hearst exponent dynamics are non-chaotic even if they're stemming from a chaotic system and are capable of evaluating the efficient market hypothesis directly. They show the existence of fractal trends which are responsible for the momentum effect and are an explicative rationale for momentum crashes and financial crisis. The next point I want to make is that forecasts and chaotic systems are vastly futile yet by the application of Hearst exponents the future avenue of research should be the ex-ante predictability of financial crisis based upon its evolutionary dynamical empirical data generating process and finally to conclude my presentation market efficiency is that financial markets are complex systems inherently chaotic and reveal multi-fractal power law characteristics as well as shifts in empirical data generating process nature which means that it shifts from fractal trending to mean reversion during crisis periods. Thank you very much. So we have two minutes left. Are there any questions? My question is about the statement of market efficiencies that I think I'm not 100% sure that you can conclude that out of your results. I mean at least I will try to give more context to that definition because it's a people that study a lot that statement and the conclusion is not necessarily. I will explain we have some time left so I will give a proper explanation so if the efficient market hypothesis is valid even in a time-varying efficiency manner it has to be a marketing data it has to be a stochastic process like a random walk or a grounding motion process and be normally distributed with the Hearst exponent you can directly see if the data is a marketing data or not so if the Hearst exponent efficient market hypothesis is valid then all Hearst exponent should be rendering around the 0.5 level at least briefly be 0.5 in nature and what you can see here in those rolling windows is that those exponents are vastly exceeding 0.5 those are all significantly different from 0.5 I didn't include the picture because it just shows the same pictures just shifted upwards so those are significantly significantly with the bootstrapping algorithm tested different from 0.5 and what you can see here especially in the short-term run that you have strong fractal trending which is exceeding 0.5 which means that you don't have a stochastic process and if you don't have a stochastic process all properties inherent in the efficient market hypotheses is violated and this does not include all the behavioral finance decisions like hurting or panics or heterogeneity of investors which means that you have on different time scales people doing different things during crisis periods they start doing different things at different time scales potentially leading to chaotic dynamics we guess that it can be the case that investment styles themselves are a reason for disinformation but we're not at that point yet and the time is up and actually overdrawn for 45 seconds if you have any questions we can discuss it once we're done so thank you all for participating