Welcome to the Hindu News Analysis by Shankar Reyes Academy. Today we will be discussing about Sammakka, Sarakka, Jhatra and Telangana. We will discuss about oil seeds, decline in population of leopards which are schedule one animal in India. Then we will also see the impacts of removal of dividend distribution tax on high net worth individuals and big investors or shareholders. We will also see an article with respect to cyber security incident related to sale of credit card and debit card details of Indians in dark web in the internet. These topics we will be discussing as part of analysis of the displayed news articles. The link for the handwritten notes in the PDF format and the timestamping of the discussed articles are provided in the description box. And they are also provided in the comment section for the benefit of mobile phone viewers. Now let's move on to the analysis of the state festival of Telangana. This news article is about a festival celebrated by tribal communities in the state of Telangana. This festival is called as Sammakka, Sarakka, Jhatra. Know that this festival is a state festival of Telangana. The syllabus relevant for the analysis of this news article is highlighted here for your reference. See this festival is also known as Medaram Jhatra. Now this Medaram is a village in Jai Shankar Bupalpalli district of state of Telangana. It is a remote village or hamlet in Etoonagaram wildlife sanctuary in Telangana. This festival is about celebrating women where they celebrate a mother and daughter who stood up against the rulers against an unjust law. The name of the mother is Sammakka and the name of the daughter is Sarakka are also sometimes reported as Saralama. Once a little girl was playing with the tigers in 13th century and this girl was spotted by Koya tribal community who was returning from a trip. The head of the troops saw this girl playing with tigers and the head was inspired by her bravery and he adopted her and named her as Sammakka. Later Sammakka married a head man of a neighboring tribal group and she had a daughter. This daughter is named as Sarakka or Saralama. The mother and daughter are special because they protested against Kakatiya kings who forced the tribal communities to pay taxes and it is reported that both the women fought bravely against the kings men and reportedly lost their lives in the fight. So in remembrance of these two brave women the Koya community they have constructed a temple as a token of gratitude and in remembrance of these women annually every year Samakka Saralama festival or Samakka Saralama Jatra is held in this temple in the village of Medarama in Telangana. In this festival people from tribal communities they offer jaggery to the goddesses who are Samakka and Saralama equal to their individual weight. This jaggery is to resemble Bangaram or gold being offered to the goddesses. They also take a holy bath in Jampanna Vagu which is a stream in a tributary of river Godavari and this river was named after Jampanna. This Jampanna is a tribal warrior who died while fighting the army of Kakatiya kings and government of Telangana reports that this festival Samakka Saralama Jatra has no Vedic or Brahmanic influence and according to government of Telangana this festival is held annually and at times also held in every two years and many tribal devotees from states such as Madhya Pradesh, Chattisgarh, Orisha, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Jharkhand they come here and celebrate this Jatra and it is said that Medarama Jatra attracts the largest number of devotees in the country after Kumbh Mela around one crore people have gathered in the year 2018 for this festival therefore it is considered as one of the largest tribal festivals in the world. Now coming to Kumbh Mela see Kumbh Mela is a religious festival in Hinduism that is celebrated for a period of four times in a total period of 12 years. The geographical location of Kumbh Mela is rotated among four locations which are four pilgrimages on four sacred rivers. The locations are one Haridwar on the Ganges in Uttrakhand then Ujain on the Shipra river in Madhya Pradesh then Nashik on the Godavari river in Maharashtra then more importantly Prayagraj at the confluence of Ganges, Yamuna and Mithikal Saraswati in the state of Uttar Pradesh and recently we have also discussed about Nagopajatra which is another festival celebrated by tribal communities in the state of Telangana. To know more about this Nagopajatra we request you to refer to our 30th January Hindu news analysis. The news article states that the governor of Telangana has said that tribal traditions has to be preserved and these traditions and customs should continue and this festival is one of the important tribal festivals that remembers the bravery of women in our country. With this we come to the end of the analysis of this news article pertaining to Samakka Saralamma Jatra in the state of Telangana. Now let's move on to the analysis of next news article. This news article mentions the views expressed by the Director General of Indian Council of Agricultural Research on the growing demand for edible oils in our country. He stated that two things are necessary to meet the growing demand for edible oils. One is that we need to increase production and productivity of vegetable oils or edible oils in our country. On the other hand control on consumption of edible oils is also required to the level of healthy extent. In this context we'll see about vegetable oils, then the present status of edible oils, then also important programs or schemes that are initiated to reach the target of zero import bill of edible oils. The syllabus relevant for the analysis of this news article is highlighted here for your reference. First let's see about vegetable oils. See vegetable oils are a group of fats. These fats are derived from some seeds, some nuts, cereal grains and also fruits or even from some parts of plants. Some of these vegetable oils are suitable for human consumption. These oils are called as edible vegetable oils and those oils which are not suitable for human consumption they are called as non-edible vegetable oils. And also know that edible oil or fat can also be extracted from animals as well. Now let's see the present status of oil seeds in our country. See India is one of the major oil seeds grower and also at the same time India is one of the major importers of edible oils. India's vegetable oil economy is ranked at fourth in the world after United States, China and Brazil. The value of oil seed accounts for 10% of all agricultural commodities, 13% of gross cropped area and 3% of gross national product. And the agroecological conditions in our country is favorable for growing almost nine annual oil seed crops. These nine oil seeds crops they include seven edible oil seeds and two non-edible oil seeds. Coming to edible oil seeds they are groundnut, rapeseed mustard, soya bean, sunflower, sesame, safflower and Niger. And castor and linseed they come under the category of non-edible oil seeds and the diverse agroecological conditions are favorable for growing these nine annual oil seed crops. One thing we have to note that oil seeds cultivation in our country is being carried out in around some 27 million hectares or 2.7 crore hectares. Rather than the hectares the most important number is 72% of oil seeds cultivation is confined to rain-fed farming. What we can say is oil seeds crops are mainly fed by monsoon so if there is failure or fluctuations in monsoon then it will directly affect the production of oil seeds. And during the last few years it is observed that the domestic consumption of edible oils has increased substantially and the present per capita consumption of edible oils is at around 18 kilogram for one person in one year. Now if you see India's total edible oil demand we can take the scenario in the financial year 2016. So the total oil demand in that year was 24 million tons but we are unable to meet even half of the demand domestically and of the 24 million tons around 9 million tons was met from domestic production and 15 million tons was met from imports. So more than 60% of our edible oil demand is met from imports and import of edible oil is more than the domestic production of edible oils. So there is no self-sufficiency with respect to meeting the total edible oil demand in our country. And coming to future projections they are saying that the total edible oil requirement will be at 33.2 million tons by the year 2022 when India has to celebrate the 75th year of Indian independence. So by the year 2022 the per capita consumption is expected to become 22 kilogram per person a year from 18 kilogram per person per year in the present time. So to meet the increased consumption and also to reduce the import dependence government is now deciding or aiming to meet at least 50% of demand from domestic sources by the year 2022. Now we'll see some of the important measures that are taken by government of India to increase the production and productivity of oil seeds. One of the significant initiative what we can say is the yellow revolution it was launched in 1986-87 the objective to increase the production of oil seeds. And there is also a national mission on oil seeds and oil palm. This is also being implemented by government of India to increase productivity and production of oil seeds. See this is a centrally sponsored scheme launched in the year 2014-15 launched by Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers. This is implemented on the basis of sharing of expenditure where for general category of states central government will contribute 60 percent of the expenditure state government will share 40 percent and 90 is to 10 ratio for northeastern and Himalayan states. This is one of the reasons why we call this scheme as a centrally sponsored scheme. And since the financial year 2019 that is from 2018-2019 this mission has been subsumed under national food security mission. So water interventions which are now made under this national mission of oil seeds and oil palm they are now considered as sub-components of national food security mission. See India is presently meeting 60 percent of its edible oil demand through imports and substantial portion of our requirement of edible oil is met through import of palm oil from Indonesia and Malaysia. And India has also decided at the policy level to reduce the import oil bill and therefore recently on 8 January 2020 the Ministry of Commerce and Industry has issued a notification to impose restrictions on refined palm oil. If you see the notification which is based on the Foreign Trade Development and Regulation Act of 1992 the import policy for refined bleached de-orderized palm oil and refined bleached de-orderized palm oil has been amended from free to restricted. So the revised policy with respect to these two items is restricted. And the Director General of Indian Council of Agricultural Research is suggesting that we also have to control or regulate the intake of edible oil wherein he said that people have to reduce their edible oil intake by at least six kilograms so that one side it will promote the health of individuals on the other side it will also help us to reduce the import bill. So he's suggesting an oil intake edible oil intake per person per year to the tune of around 12 kilograms. So these are some of the important information with reference to the analysis of this news article we discussed about vegetable oils then we saw about the present status of edible oils we saw the demand of edible oil in our country how we are meeting it then we saw few important measures taken by government to reach the target of zero import bill of edible oils. Now let's move on to the analysis of next news article. This news article is about recent assessment that was carried out by scientists from Centre of Wildlife Studies and the Wildlife Institute of India. The study was with reference to the status of leopard population across Indian subcontinent. In the context of this analysis we'll see a few important facts with respect to leopards their geographical range how this range has contracted into few pockets in the world in the present day context and we'll also see some of the reasons for the decline in population and two or three suggestions to conserve the population of leopards in our country. The syllabus relevant for the analysis of this news article is highlighted here for your reference. Scientists from Wildlife Institute of India and Centre for Wildlife Studies represented the research fraternity in the study from India along with few other partners from United States of America. Now we know that Wildlife Institute of India is an autonomous institution that comes under Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change which was established in the year 1982. While this is the case with respect to Wildlife Institute of India the Centre for Wildlife Studies is actually a non-profit trust that is based in Bangalore in our country. It was established in the year 1984. It is an internationally recognized centre of excellence in the area of wildlife research, wildlife policy, education and institute conservation. Now this research is titled as genetic analysis reveal population structure and recent decline in leopards across Indian subcontinent. The research estimates that there is a strong decline in India's leopard population size that is over a period of 120 to 200 years. There is a loss of around 75 to 90 percent of the leopard population. Maybe we have at percent just 10 percent of what was the population around some hundred years ago or around some 120 to 200 years ago. There are some specific reasons why there is such a catastrophic decline and human beings are one of the very important factors. Before going into those reasons we will have a brief look into these leopards. See these are most widely distributed and highly adaptable members of the family Felidae. Felidae is a part of carnivores. It consists of lions, tigers, jaguars, leopards, cheetahs and even include small animals such as domestic cats. Of these animals, leopard is the most widely distributed and highly adaptable animal. If you see the historical range it's spanned across sub-Saharan Africa, North Africa, Middle East, South Asia, Southeast Asia and even till Russian forest. But if you presently see most of the regions are marked red in color that means in these places leopard species have become extinct and we have very small pockets here and there distributed where presently leopards reside. Or mainly the decline is because of human induced factors, the man-animal conflict, poaching for the fur of leopard and also for bones of leopard, the inhabited loss and less availability of prey for leopard which indicates drop in ecosystem services for the survivability of this animal then wildlife trade and few other reasons. The main important reason with respect to Indian subcontinent the main reasons pushing leopard population to smaller habitats in Indian subcontinent are poaching and man-animal conflict. Presently in India they are estimating that there are around some approximately 8000 leopards to be a specific 7,910. This estimate is based on forested habitats of 14 tiger inhabiting states in our country. Now we can almost come to some kind of correlation between the drop in numbers of leopards in Indian subcontinent and also at the global level with respect to the loss of geographical range of the survivability of this animal. In Africa over a period of last 100 to 200 years this animal has lost its geographical habitat range to the tune of 48 to 67 percentage. In Asia it was around 83 to 87 percentage and it is no doubt that in the recent research they are saying that there is around 75 to 90 percent of drop in population of leopards in last 120 to 200 years. With respect to decline in population of leopards in our country the research paper classified the leopard population into four subpopulations on their genetic variations and also on their place of living. In the research noted that there is a strong decline in leopard population across all these four genetic subpopulations in these four regions. The regions are western guards, semi arid region of Deccan Plateu, then Shivalik region, then leopards in Tharai region. There is red spots in this map indicate the presence of leopard population in these four geographic regions. In western guards the decline in population was around 75 percent in last 120 to 200 years whereas in other four regions the decline is around 88 to 90 percent. One reason why in western guards the decline is relatively less is because of contiguous forested landscape with multiple interconnected protected areas and the paper also found that within the populations in these four areas there is high genetic variation in this species. The research paper is saying the genetic variations are habitat driven because now that their habitats have contracted there is lack of movement between the regions and therefore the genetic variations are based on the habitat differences where they survive in the biogeographic zones. So because of restricted gene flow among the species of four regions and there is significant genetic variations within the species. Now with respect to the declining population of leopards we can say two major suggestions. One is we require detailed landscape level ecological studies on leopard populations because these studies will give major insight that will help us to conserve the declining leopard population. The news article also suggests an initiative similar to project tiger specifically for leopards to arrest the decline in leopard population and also for the conservation of these species. So these are some of the information with reference to the analysis of this news article. Now coming to the protection status leopards are protected under schedule one of wildlife protection act of 1972. In the red list of IUCN they are now placed under vulnerable category since the year 2015-16. Earlier they were under near threatened in 2008 and way back in 2002 it was classified under least concern. So within the last 20 years there is the assessment has shown that these animals are vulnerable across the globe and they are also protected under appendix one of sites convention which is the convention on international trade in endangered species of wild fauna and flora. With this we come to the end of analysis of this news article. Now let's move on to the analysis of next news article. This news article is with respect to a recent announcement made in the union budget that is about abolition of dividend distribution tax. We know that union budget for the financial year 2020-2021 has recommended to abolish dividend distribution tax. In the context of analysis of this news article we will discuss about dividend distribution tax and we will also discuss few impacts of the recent announcement on high net worth individuals and big investors who are shareholders in various companies. The syllabus relevant for the analysis of this news article is highlighted here for your reference. See when we say dividend distribution tax it is the tax that will be paid by the company itself directly to the government. Therefore this tax is also coming under direct tax. This is actually the tax that is paid on the amount that is declared distributed or paid by any company as dividends to the shareholders and these dividends can be either from the profits of the current year or from the accumulated profits and know that dividend distribution tax will be paid by the company in addition to the corporate tax that is paid by the company and this dividend distribution tax is covered under section 115 capital of income tax act of 1961. At present the rate of dividend distribution tax is 15 percent. In addition to this there will be surcharge and ses on this dividend distribution tax. Here surcharge refers to an additional tax that is levied on the amount of dividend distribution tax and ses refers to a temporary tax that is levied for a particular purpose. So totally the effective dividend distribution tax came at around 20 percent that is 15 percent plus surcharge and ses. So this is the scenario at present however this will be changed with effect from April 1 2020 as the union budget has proposed to abolish the dividend distribution tax. The proposal will be given effect by way of finance bill which will be passed in the parliament. Now the new taxation policy with respect to dividends is that the company will not be required to pay dividend distribution tax rather those individuals those shareholders who receive dividends they have to pay the tax as part of their income tax and the money accrued because of dividends will be calculated under the head income from other sources for the shareholder and this income from other sources will be clubbed with total taxable income for the individual and the individual will be paying tax to the government for the total taxable income. However this varies with respect to income tax slab. So those shareholders who are in lower tax labs they will have to pay lower tax whereas investors or the shareholders who are in higher tax labs they will have to pay higher tax. Now one main significance of this recent proposal or announcement is that now the companies are free from paying dividend distribution tax. This means that the money which hitherto went to the government of India as part of this tax will now be available at the hands of the companies. There are two positive consequences this amount they may use for further investment in the businesses or they may give more dividend to the shareholders and it is a huge relief with respect to tax burden from the side of the companies. So this is one of the important reasons why it is said that the recent proposal on abolition of dividend distribution tax will make India an attractive destination for investment. So now companies are asked to pay corporate tax and not dividend distribution tax. Well these are some of the benefits associated with the abolition of DDT. Market players and experts in these markets they say that this framework will hurt big investors and high net worth individuals who earn more money by way of dividends from these companies by investing in these companies as shareholders. This is because the new taxation policy with respect to dividends will definitely benefit small investors but no significant or remarkable benefit will accrue to big investors or high net worth individuals. This is because the dividends received from the companies will be now part of their taxable income and for the total taxable income they will pay income tax based on their income tax lab that is for example if a person's income is between 5 lakh to 7.5 lakh then the person will be required to pay income tax at 10 percent whereas if the income of the individual is rupees 15 lakh and above then the particular individual has to pay income tax of 30 percent. So this is the reason why the news article states that the proposed framework will hurt the big investors or big shareholders or big promoters and high net worth individuals more than the benefits of the proposed framework. This could have implications because now the big investors and promoters may feel that a significant proportion of their money will go to the government as tax and they may be hesitant to invest in a company by becoming a shareholder and the new framework also means a shift of tax burden from the company to the investors. Earlier individuals who received dividend income in excess of 10 lakh only they will be paying a dividend tax of 10 percent. Now this will be modified and the new policy will be based on income tax labs. So these are some of the information with reference to the analysis of this news article. Further reforms or future reforms in this area will be in such a way like there will be different prescription of tax rate for the dividends collected from companies for individual shareholders that may be reduced in the future may be in next year's budget or so so as to address the concerns of big promoters and shareholders. Now let's move on to the analysis of next news article. This news article is with reference to the news that sensitive credit and debit card Indians are available for sale in the dark web of the internet. The syllabus relevant for the analysis of this news article is highlighted here for your reference. The news article is based on the concerns raised by a Singapore based cyber security company. The company states that a huge amount of sensitive data those data that are details of credit cards and debit cards are available for sale in the dark web of the internet and more than 95 percent of those data are details of Indians and these data includes card numbers, expiration dates, card verification value or card verification codes and sometimes also includes the full name of card holders, their email IDs, the phone numbers and even addresses. So this simply means almost all information about an individual is there for sale in the dark web. So such full package of an individual's identifiable information is called as fulls by the hackers. When we said dark web, this is almost around some 6 percent of the internet space which is normally not accessible through search engines such as Google or Reago. What they are saying is that it requires a specific software to access this part of the internet. Most of the activities in this dark web are criminal in nature and are used by criminals for drug trafficking, arms trade, etc. The news article states that more than 4.6 lakh card payment details are up for sale on Joker's stash. Now this Joker's stash is one of the large databases of stolen card details in the dark web and they are saying that the value of this database in the dark web is around 30 crores. This news about the availability of Indian details in dark web has been already informed to the Indian computer emergency response team. See the cert was in operation since 2004, it comes under Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology. It is the national nodal agency for responding to cyber security incidents. When it comes to responding to cyber security incidents, it is the national nodal agency. The functions of cert were specifically added to the IT Act through Information Technology Amendment Act of 2008. It includes collection, analysis and dissemination of information on cyber incidents, forecasting cyber security incidents and alerting about cyber security incidents and functions include carrying out emergency measures for handling cyber security incidents and coordination of cyber incident response activities. They also issue guidelines, advisories, vulnerability nodes and information relating to security practices, procedures, prevention, response and reporting of cyber incidents. And recently we saw about National Critical Information Infrastructure Protection Center. See this organization was created in 2014 under section 70 capital of IT Act 2000. Now this is designated as national nodal agency for all measures to protect the critical information infrastructure of the country. The news article states that the data of Indians are being compromised by use of Malaysia's softwares or Malwares also through phishing and by also using JS Nifers. In some cases the data might have been stolen from offline point of sale machines as well. Malware is an umbrella term that describes any Malaysia's program or software or code that is harmful to the systems. They are usually hostile and intrusive that is they seek to invade, damage and disable computer systems, networks, tablets, mobile devices and they will take either partial or complete control of the devices operations. A computer virus, ransomware, spyware are all examples of Malwares. One recent example of Malware attack is Strandhog. Now we know that Strandhog is a malware that is used to hijack applications in android devices. We also been discussing about attack by using a spyware called as Pegasus. This Pegasus explored a vulnerability in WhatsApp's video called Future. We also saw that the email accounts and also the passwords of email accounts of many government employees working in sensitive government establishments are also available in dark web and these would have been obtained through the process of phishing which is one of the oldest methods of cyber attack where attacker gathers personal information using deceptive emails and websites. They will collect information through email where they will act as imposters. They will say that we are collecting information from your bank from your company like that and they may also send some attachments when the users click the attachments the account will get hacked. The another tool that is used to collect this credit card details or debit card details is what called as JS sniffers or JavaScript sniffers. These are programs that are used to steal details or information from credit and debit cards. These details are stolen from e-commerce websites. This JS sniffers have become one of the important concern in the recent times when it comes to cyber security and theft of sensitive details of individuals. In civil services exam you may get a question in problems like the term JavaScript sniffers or recently in news what does it refer to or what does the term strand hog refer to or Pegasus or overall they may ask about cyber security in essay writing or in general studies paper three under the area awareness in the field of computers and basics of cyber security. So all these information and examples will help you to write a better answer. So these are some of the information with reference to the analysis of this news article. Now we have come to the last session the practice questions discussion session the first question. Now this question is with reference to dividend distribution tax. Now they are asking the abolition of dividend distribution tax is likely to result in which of the following drastic rise in FDA outflows narrow the fiscal deficit make India an attractive destination for investment increase the level of income and employment. See dividend distribution tax is a tax that is paid by the companies to the government on the dividends that are given to its shareholders. This tax is taxed at the rate of 15 percent. However if you add the surcharges and says it comes to an effective rate of around 20 percentage recently while presenting the budget for the financial year 2021. The union finance minister has suggested a removal of this dividend distribution tax. Therefore because of the removal the government will be losing around 25000 crores revenue. So we cannot say there will be narrowing of fiscal deficit. Now with India moving business friendly with respect to companies there might be quite an increase in foreign investment. So there may not be drastic rise in FDA outflows and there is not a strong correlation with respect to increasing the level of income and employment though abolition of dividend distribution tax may result in to increase in dividends of shareholders from companies. See the main statement mentioned by the union finance minister while announcing removal of dividend distribution tax is that it will make India an attractive destination for investment because companies are now not required to pay dividend distribution tax. So that money which hitherto was given to tax as government will now remain in the hands of companies. And with this India will move with effect from April 1 2020 into a classical system of dividend taxation where the companies will not be required to pay dividend distribution tax. The dividend shall be taxed only in the hands of recipients and this income from other sources will be calculated under total taxable income of individual shareholders. So the correct answer for this question is option C make India an attractive destination for investment. See this previously asked question in the year 2018. This question is with reference to edible oils. They have given two statements asking which of the statements are correct. First statement the quantity of imported edible oils is more than the domestic production of edible oils in last five years. Now this statement is correct because the recent years we are meeting the domestic demand for edible oils to the tune of around 60 to 70 percentage by importing only. Domestic production usually meets around some 30 percentage of domestic consumption requirement. So the first statement is correct. The second statement government does not impose any customs duty on all the imported edible oils as a special case. This statement is wrong. This is because India imposed customs duty on various imported crude oil and also refined edible oils and these duties are time and again revised and mostly increased to protect the interest of domestic farmers and processes. So the second statement is incorrect. In some way you can logically arrive at eliminating the second statement because it states government does not impose any customs duty on all the imported edible oils as a special case. Most probably such statements will be false. So here the correct answer is option A because only the first statement is correct. Know that India is one of the major oil seed scrover. While at the same time India is also one of the major importers of edible oils. One of the recent initiative taken by government of India with respect to edible oils is that India has modified its import policy on refined palm oil and refined palm oil in from free import to restricted import. Now let's move on to next question. Now this question is with reference to Samakka Sarakka Jhatra with reference to India's culture and tradition. What is Samakka Sarakka Jhatra? It's a tribal festival of Koya tribes in Telangana. The correct answer for this question is option A. It's a tribal festival of Koya tribes in Telangana who commemorate the fight of a mother and daughter against the rulers of Kakathya dynasty fighting against an unjust law wherein the rulers has forced the tribal communities to pay taxes. Samakka is the mother. Sarakka or Saralama is the daughter. Know that it is the state festival of Telangana. Now if you see option C it states it is a tribal festival of the Goan tribes in Jharkhand. Now recently an important festival celebrated by Goan tribes in the state of Telangana in Adilabad district was in use. This festival was called as Nagoba Jhatra. Now come to the last statement. It is an ancient martial arts tradition in Kerala. The correct answer pertaining to this statement would be Kalari Payatoo. So the correct answer for this question is option A. Now this question is with reference to certain or Indian computer emergency response team. Two statements are given they are asking which of those statements are correct. First statement it is the national nodal agency for responding to cyber security incidents. Now this statement is correct. Eliminate option B and option D. Now second statement it is functioning under Ministry of Home Affairs which is incorrect because it functions under Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology. It is operational since the year 2004. Now know that if the question is with reference to National Critical Information Infrastructure Protection Center then you should know that this center is designated as national nodal agency with respect to critical information infrastructure protection. Generally with respect to responding to cyber security incidents the national nodal agency is computer emergency response team under MAITI. Correct answer for this question is option A one only. Now this question is with reference to decline in population of leopards in India. In 2014 there was a question that asked other than poaching what are the possible reasons for the decline in the population of Ganges River dolphins. In the same line they have given a question here. They are asking what are the possible reasons for the decline in population of leopards in India. They are saying man-animal conflict, poaching, less availability of prey, habitat loss. Recently we are discussing several articles, research articles which have mentioned that there is a significant decline to the tune of around 75 to 90 percent in the population of leopards in the Indian subcontinent and most of the reasons for the decline are human induced. See man-animal conflict is one of the reasons for the decline of population of leopards. Man-animal conflict also leads to significant loss of habitat for leopards and they are saying that in Asia itself there is around 83 to 87 percent of drop in the geographical range of leopards over the last 120 to 200 years. So both first point and fourth point will be there. Now coming to poaching it is also there because of illegal activities of poaching on leopards for their fur and also for their bones. Third point the less availability of prey is also there. That is also one of the reason for the decline in population of leopards. The correct answer for this question is option D 1 2 3 and 4. With this we come to the end of today's the Hindu news analysis. If you like the video click the like button suggest to your friends comment and subscribe to Shankaray's Academy YouTube channel for more updates and content on civil service exam preparation. We will meet you tomorrow.


Hello everyone, I'm Shree Tumidi and I'm the product manager for UAA and I've been with Pivotal for three years, mostly managing UAA and also the proprietary identity service for Pivotal, which is the Pivotal single sign-on service. So let's get into the agenda for today. So this is by no means a UAA overview talk. We only have 30 minutes and if I were to get into some kind of an overview, I think it would take upwards of an hour. So today we are going to be focusing on feature updates that we have done in the past couple of months and a look at the 2017 roadmap and the major features that are planned for UAA and finally some housekeeping things and followed by Q&A. So let's get started. So I said no overview, but just to make sure that people are in the right room, I'm going to explain what UAA is and then you can figure out whether to stay or not. So the what, why, and the how. So what is UAA? I used to think that it is user authentication and authorization, but when I joined I was told that it is user account and authentication. So I don't know how that ended up being the name, but I tend to refer to it as user authentication and authorization. Why do we have it as part of CF? So mainly initially when the project was kicked off, it was with the intent to secure Cloud Foundry and the different interfaces which make up Cloud Foundry. So there is the Cloud Controller API and then we have different system components like Diego, aggregator and the intent was to secure the platform from an authentication and authorization perspective. But over time we have added features in UAA in order to make it like a first-class service which can be used for securing workloads that run on the platform. It actually doesn't really matter whether workloads run on the platform because we follow standards-based approach to authentication and authorization. So wherever your APIs and apps are running as long as they trust UAA as their identity server, we can secure it. And how do we do it? So we do this based on open standards. So there have been a lot of standards in the industry around authentication, authorization and user management. We chose to stick with the standards listed out here. So there is OAuth for delegated authorization, OpenID Connect for identity, single sign-on, SAML which is also again for single sign-on, but it is a much older protocol, LDAP because we need to. I wouldn't recommend securing things with LDAP, but we have to do that for some of our customers. And then finally SCIM which is System for Cross-Domain Identity Management and it comes into play when you are using identities which are internal to UAA and how users are onboarded to UAA. So let's get into the feature updates. Some of these things were added to the product a long time back, but we haven't done a lot of blogging around some of the core features, so I'm going to take this opportunity to basically present the latest feature updates. So starting off with OpenID Connect Enhancements. So I'm not sure if you're aware, but UAA is an OpenID Connect Identity Provider. It's similar to how Google supports single sign-on and it supports the OpenID Connect Identity Provider profile so does Azure and now so does UAA. This was added some time back, but lately what we've added is something called as the discovery support. Now you might wonder like what is this discovery support, what are we discovering here? So if you are familiar with SAML, any time you are onboarding a SAML Identity Provider there are two ways in which you can onboard the Identity Provider. One is by just providing the metadata which is like an XML file which represents the configuration for your Identity Provider. The other way is to provide a URL which if you hit the URL you can basically get the latest of the Identity Provider configuration. So on those lines, OIDC or OpenID Connect also supports a discovery profile through which you can download the latest metadata and you can discover information about the Identity Provider. So with respect to UAA, it is available at login system domain well-known configuration for OIDC and as with any feature of UAA, this is multi-tenant as well. So if you were to have created like a separate zone for UAA then that configuration would be available at that subdomain.login system domain and every identity zone in UAA is essentially an OpenID Connect Identity Provider. So that's about the Identity Provider support but as with any Federation protocol there is another aspect to it which is the Relying Party support. So from a Relying Party perspective what we are doing is for existing OpenID Connect providers out there we are able to trust the authentication and the claims coming from those providers. So we have tested this integration with Google Azure. We ourselves didn't test Ping, one of the partners did. Actually Foundation members GE uses Ping heavily and they were able to test the OpenID Connection, sorry, configuration with Ping. So coming to the details of the configuration itself we have support for attribute mappings. This comes into play especially for custom attributes because OIDC has a standard user schema. So if you look at the RFC you will see that there are the extended user attributes but beyond that if a provider wants to share custom attributes which need to flow through to the application so things like some employee ID or a location of the user. So those kind of things can be mapped to a schema in UAA which is referred to as an attribute mapping and it's very valuable for applications wanting to receive that information from again like the perspective of just receiving a user profile or to make some downstream authorization decisions. So we also support something called as mapping external entitlements to UAA scopes. So you all are aware that in UAA we have this concept of permissions which are referred to as scopes and these scopes basically define what the access is to a certain API or it could be some resource. So what we can do is we can map the entitlements which is external group memberships to UAA scopes. So if suppose you onboard Azure and you want to share some external group information but you want to create a mapping policy which says that if the user is an admin in the Azure directory then I want to provide this so and so UAA scope from an API security perspective you can do that. We also support persistence for these particular attributes. Now from an organization perspective you may not want to create another claims store for users. You want to use like the external provider as the definitive store for user attributes but there are situations wherein you want to have the applications call back into UAA to load more information about the user. So in OpenID Connect there is an endpoint called the user info endpoint and if you choose to select persistence for the external claims then they get persisted in UAA. So if you do not have any stringent compliance considerations around where claims are replicated you can choose to persist them in UAA as well. Finally on the relying party side we also support discovery of external OpenID Connect providers. So similar to how we do discovery when we are an IDP if we are a relying party you can specify the URL to your OIDC provider and we can discover the rest of the information. There is no need to specifically say where is the token key, what is the issuer, what is the token URL to get a token. So it just simplifies the onboarding and the overall sort of like lifecycle management for the provider. Future work wise what is planned for OIDC is we have good coverage in terms of IDP and relying party profiles so we are confident that we can go ahead and get an OIDC certification. This is a program that is run by the OIDC foundation basically to certify that UAA supports the OIDC profiles as an identity provider to begin with and we'll eventually get the relying party certification as well. Okay this is a heavy slide. I've tried to put a lot on this slide so let me try to work through everything. So in the open house today one of the key themes was okay I'm using UAA how do I rotate the keys and the different credentials that are present in UAA. So the reality of running identity server in the enterprise is that you have to manage the lifecycle of the keys and the various configurations which are essentially falling under the umbrella of credentials. So with respect to UAA apart from the user passwords which are governed by a password policy and if it is an external user store then we don't really manage the user password. Apart from that we have different credentials that UAA is using either as a consumer so we have client secrets right so if you are going to onboard a OAA client you basically generate a secret and that is used for identifying the client but how do you rotate that secret from you know like there might have been a breach with app data and you need to rotate the secret but then how do you do that without affecting other instances of the app. So there is an existing model that is used by other providers as well wherein the old credential continues to function while the new credential is introduced into the system. So with credentials there are two models right you have like a shared secret kind of a model which is like a client secret but then you have a sync like a PKI structure as well wherein you are using the credential for either signing or for encryption. So with respect to shared secrets what we've done is with client secrets we've introduced the concept of having the old secret and the new secret both work in tandem so if you have multiple instances of the application the old secret will still continue to function as well as the new secret and once you are confident that all the app instances have been updated you can just retire the old secret by basically deleting it from within the client configuration now there will be scenarios wherein you don't want the old secret because it's been compromised and you can do an immediate deletion of it as well so apart from that from an asynchronous perspective we have like the jot signing keys right and the SAML certificates and private keys because UAA is generating tokens and those tokens are being signed with UAA's private key so how do you rotate something like that so we have introduced again the concept of specifying multiple keys and basically you set something called as a active key ID so active key is used for signing the tokens whereas all the other keys can potentially be used for validating the tokens so the way the key management is done via the API is we have the identity zone API which is used for configuring every zone in UAA including the default zone so you can use that to set an active key and a list of keys and you can use the token keys endpoint so you will see that it's not token key and it is token keys because now we support multiple keys to be present which can be used for validating the token because there may be outstanding tokens which have been signed with the old key which is not being used actively but you do not want to have failures on those tokens again in situations wherein there is a breach you will remove the key immediately which will cause all the existing tokens to be invalidated SAML certificates and private keys is pretty much the same model wherein we manage the keys via the identity zone API again and with SAML again there are two profiles we have the identity provider and the service provider profile so with respect to the identity provider profile we have signing the assertions and encrypting the assertions and from a service provider perspective we are generating an authentication request which is signed so we always do signing with the active key but the other keys are still there for the relying party or the identity provider to validate the signature of the assertion or the authentication request what's the future of this so when I explained all of this we expect the devil operators to do a lot with respect to generating these new credentials and setting them as active but what are we doing as a platform to make this all easier so we have a new project which has been introduced into incubation it's CRED Hub and it is going to be responsible for all key management and secret management for the platform so this is something that we are going to integrate at a Bosch layer or a Bosch level where in manifests which are in possession of the keys and the secrets will be the manifests which are in possession will no longer have the actual credential in there but it will just be a reference to a credential in CRED Hub so we have plans to integrate that further with that further for credential generation and rotation okay token exchange flows is something that we have added over the past couple of months we have added different varieties of it one is the SAML bearer token flow and the other one is the Jot bearer so let me explain to you with a sequence diagram so this is going to be a tough to explain so let me take a stab at it so suppose you have an external application and that external application is not using UAA as the identity provider so it has another external identity provider that it is using for its single sign-on and API security if that application has to call into API which is secured by UAA it is not in possession of a token to do so so the way this use case came to us was via OpenStack users who have an existing identity provider which is Keystone and they just want to do an in-place exchange of that token which is generated by Keystone and get an exchange, get a token through which they can access the Cloud Controller API so typically if there was a browser in the middle then all the mediation would happen through the browser as with SAML wherein everything flows through the browser you get redirected to the identity provider it generates an assertion and then you get redirected back to UAA which in turn generates an access token after the assertion is validated but if you want to do this in a native manner like script it, it's hard and that's where token exchange comes into picture because with token exchange there is no need for a browser in the middle to have an assertion like identity provider or an external application may be in possession of an assertion or a jot and it can exchange it with in this case UAA for an access token that can be used for accessing other services another example is in enterprises you have to deal with applications which are legacy they are not using the latest and greatest of protocols so if you have an ecosystem of legacy applications and APIs which need to call into the newer sort of cloud native APIs or apps on the platform then you have to deal with different token formats so token exchange makes that possible wherein you have an older format token you send it to UAA and then that gives you an access token that you can use to access apps and APIs protected by UAA so from a standards perspective there is a RFC for it those are the two RFCs but it goes beyond just token exchange another thing that we plan on adding is the jot bearer for client authentication now it sounds a bit cryptic but basically what it is today UAA supports client secrets for authentication so any time a client has to identify itself to UAA it uses a secret and based on that we match the hash and say that okay this client is valid but imagine again in like IOT kind of a situation wherein devices have already been provisioned with certificates that's their identity so typically with asset management what you do is that you have devices which are tied to a cert as an identity and you do not want to add another secret to the mix because then you have to deal with the life cycle of that client secret so with the jot bearer for client authentication every client which follows this model will be able to identify itself using its cert so it can basically sign a assertion which validates its identity which proves its identity as opposed to having a client secret as having to present a client secret so enterprises where there is heavy use of provisioning certs for assets and they need to do basic what should I say a token acquisition flow they can use the existing cert as the identity rather than using the secret so opaque and revocable token support with this so out of the box UAA today supports JWT based tokens basically jot tokens are things that can be validated offline but we added an additional token format called as the opaque token so the question is this just leads to more confusion like there is already so much confusion with how to use OAuth and then we dump like two more token formats on you and then you think okay oh my god what am I trying to do which token format should I use so some you know like this table is to sort of clear some of that confusion so jot by nature can be validated offline the reason why jot exists is because it with distributed systems offline validation works much better and it just reduces the number of network calls that you have to make for validating tokens but same is not the case with opaque tokens but they exist for a reason and the reason is you may have requirements around not having the clients actually be able to read what is in the token so I'll give you an example so in OAuth right you have a resource server you have a client and you have the authorization server whenever app needs to call into an API it requests an access token from UAA but if you are using jot then the client actually has the knowledge of what's in the token and you have situations where you don't want the client to know what is in the token it's only meant for the resource server now you can solve it with something like encrypting the token itself but the way we have done this or implemented this is using an opaque token wherein it's like a string it's an opaque string it does not actually mean anything to the client but client is supposed to just pass it to the UAA which will tell it what is actually in the token if you want to maintain claims confidentiality you should use an opaque token so opaque tokens by nature are persisted but you can do the same with jot also so the question is why would you want to persist jot when they are validated offline the reason is if you are having highly privileged flows within an application so not all applications are created like you have applications which are meant for privileged access and the kind of operations that are performed within the application are privileged in those scenarios you want always the latest state of what the user permissions are which only the STS or the token server can tell you so in those situations you can either use jot which is persisted or you can use an opaque token because we have the ability to always the latest state of a user or a client permission future work wise what we want to do in this area is from a configuration perspective you can request opaque tokens on a per client basis but we don't enforce it it's something that you do at request time and coming to JWTs being revocable that is something that you can do on a zone or identity zone basis you can give more configuration what should I say bandwidth around that wherein you can configure the token formats on a user client combination and you can also enforce token formats at a client level so when I was creating this slide as like I do not know how our customers understand which library to use for UAA so this is to clear out some of that confusion so from a client side integration perspective so UAA is implementing all of the server side flows right but on the client side how do you integrate with UAA so we have UAAC and which is essentially a Ruby gem and it is backed by a Ruby library which is the CF UAA lib and it's I consider UAAC to be more of an admin tool which is used for basically admin flows in UAA like onboarding users managing clients managing providers so that's something which we have in maintenance mode right now and Spring Security OAuth is a developer focused sort of like an integration library for UAA I say developer focused because it deals with the OAuth client configuration so if you want to integrate an application with UAA you can use something like Spring Security OAuth and you get that integration and there is no need to write any native code for integrating with UAA you should know that we have a rewrite planned it's not something that is maintained by the UAA team it is maintained by Spring Security but the kind of rewrite that we are planning is so if you are aware of Spring Boot there are there is a lot of OAuth capabilities which have found their way into Spring Boot so we are trying to create like a clean separation between OAuth implementation and what is in Spring Boot so that's why the rewrite is happening we also have a CF Java client again this is not just for UAA because it's for also by the name it's also for the Cloud Controller API but it also provides to all of the latest API support for UAA so anytime we add new APIs to UAA there is a corresponding CF Java client version also which supports those things we recently introduced a singular SDK it is a client side SDK for UAA in JavaScript so this is something that we did for some of our internal projects but it's definitely something that you can use with your single page apps as well and we have plans to add support for Node.js and finally we announced this big partnership with Microsoft and moving a lot of .NET workloads over to the platform and there is definitely a gap in terms of UAA not having some de facto .NET SDK so that is something that we'll focus on okay so I try to cover some amount of roadmap within the feature updates there is a separate roadmap as well so bear with me so we are planning to add multi-factor authentication and this is basically if you are aware of multi-factor authentication there are different providers out there there is Google Authenticator which is widely used and there are other things like Ubiko Authy and Toofre so we are going to start with Google Authenticator integration and I think the key takeaway for you should be how we are going to accomplish this integration we are going to do this at two levels one is to enable multi-factor authentication for the entire identity zone that means a user is not considered authenticated if they don't complete a two-factor authentication so if you basically don't use the code from your Google Authenticator app you are not considered authenticated and you won't be able to access anything beyond that we also want to do something called as step up authentication wherein instead of enabling it for the entire authentication domain or identity zone you can enable multi-factor authentication per app so a typical use case could be that you have certain applications which again are dealing with privileged access and you want those applications to prompt for multi-factor authentication but not necessarily every app out there from a usability perspective so depending on your compliance and security requirements you can enable the multi-factor authentication policy finally on the multi-factor authentication it's not just from an authentication perspective typically you will see that anytime you are trying to reset a credential you are prompted for a second factor because you are again performing a privileged action for your account so we have plans to integrate that flow into something like a password reset for UAA wherein if you are trying to reset a user's password in UAA as a user that is as an end user flow then you are going to be prompted for a second factor fine-grained authorization service I think it's been on the back burner for a very long time so there are some very specific CF platform needs that are driving the need for an authorization service a fine-grained authorization service today we have some gaps around how fine-grained authorization is done on the platform so we have canned roles of space developer and org manager in CF and you cannot go beyond them you cannot split those roles into low-level sort of resource actions and permissions another sort of a gap is the ability to map those CF roles to your existing enterprise entitlements so this is something that we have heard from a lot of customers both on open source and on the commercial front is how do I derive something like a space developer role from an existing held up entitlement so those two needs are becoming really evident and a major gap in terms of our identity management strategy with the platform and we plan on addressing those but beyond that there are new services that are being continually added to the ecosystem so there is CredHub which is performing a lot of which is going to be performing a lot of credential actions which are privileged and you want to secure it at that level not coarse-grained but fine-grained authorization potentially like a credential level and other CF services so definitely there is a need for like a common service now the question is whether it's going to be part of UAA or it's going to be a separate service so this is something that we have not still decided on but we've definitely decided on building a service so whether it is part of UAA or not is immaterial coming to some of the other architectural aspects we plan on following access control list approach or ACL approach where in every resource has a ACL which contains multiple entries per user multiple entries with each for a user or a group so we have plans to follow that kind of a model for fine-grained authorization and delegation is something which is key to fine-grained authorization so by delegation I mean so if I as a user want to delegate some permissions out to another user or a client but only do so on like a selective basis I don't want to delegate all of my rights so that's essentially impersonation but I just want to delegate like a subset of the rights I should be able to do that and then finally as with UAA which secures not just the platform we want to do this for the service as well wherein it's not just meant for securing the CF platform but we want to extend it for applications and APIs too so if applications and APIs have fine-grained authorization requirements then you should be able to use the service there are some other features that we are actively working on one of them is performance testing so in the morning Eric touched upon how in Diego they've done some performance testing to basically create like scaling indicators we plan to do the same thing with UAA and we plan to integrate it into like a CI system because we don't want to regress on our performance indicators so that's something that is a track of work that the team is actively invested in and then we are doing some major documentation as well one of the things that has been challenging lately is to keep up on the UAA Slack channel with all the questions that we keep getting around what is OAuth how do you onboard X provider Y provider so there is definitely a lack of documentation on the product front and we plan to sort of solve that in a persona based approach where we are planning to have an operator guide and a developer documentation by the way so we have like a standard API doc set right now as opposed to something living in GitHub we plan to also have identity provider integration guides so this is another area where we've lacked a bit in terms of keeping up with all the integration guides finally there are other things that we are doing around account management which is account linking which is the ability to link account across identity providers and skim 2.0 support so UAA today supports skim 1.1 but lately there has been a lot of enterprise adoption around 2.0 and most enterprise identity systems are supporting skim 2.0 connectors so that's something that we'll look to okay so this is the penultimate slide I believe probably on time housekeeping so there are a few things which I always wanted to sort of discuss in this kind of a group is how to how can UAA project updates be tracked so UAA project updates are part of the elastic runtime PMC so PMC stands for project management council and we have a bi-weekly meeting that happens so this is purely like this is open source it's not related just to pivotal or anything so this happens for all of the projects which are part of cloud foundry and UAA falls under elastic runtime and you can find the notes on what are the recent tracks of work that are in progress and what we will be working on next spread over at least like a month or so so you can find that notes and I have linked it there it's under cloud foundry PMC-notes and a note on UAA security issues as well lately there has been a trend sometimes on security issues being reported to github I would recommend that anytime you have a security issue please email security at pivotal.io we have a proper workflow in place right now and through which issues that come in all the security issues that come in are vetted with the product team with the security team and they are working on the CPSS core and then we basically decide how to patch the different UAA versions so please use that model and CVs now are being published under cloud foundry org under the security folder so previously it was on pivotal.io but now all of the CVs which are related to cloud foundry projects are all under cloud foundry org security so you can get more details about that. Finally before we go to Q&A I want to take a moment to thank the entire identity team everything that we have done in the past I would say a couple of years wouldn't have been possible without an amazing team and during the keynote we talked about balanced teams and how diversity plays a major role I mean I'm proud to say that the UAA team is highly diverse from a perspective, nationalities and also from all the different companies that we work for so that is the current identity team because at pivotal we rotate people a lot but that is what the team is today so Bharath from GE I have a few people in the room Phillip, Helen Jeremy and Jen Mikhail from VMware, Priyata I'm the PM and we recently had a PM join, Tien thank you for coming on board that's it questions oh sure sorry so it's not necessarily a UAA integration but more of a platform integration so the initial phase is going to be the integration of CRED hub with everything BOS related in terms of generation of credentials so that's something that will show up soon from a pivotal perspective it's going to show up in the next version yeah but this is again you know like we are going to take a phased approach to introducing or moving credentials into CRED hub so we are going to introduce the dependency of a CRED hub server on the BOS director and then we will eventually move the credentials there is another phase in which all of the credentials which are part of like vcap services so at an app layer if you are managing credentials under environment variables those are also things that will eventually move into CRED hub yes I don't I don't have much insight into the decision making there because it's a separate team which deals with the architectural you know like aspects of CRED hub but I do know that with spring we do have integration with vault so on the client side so that's something that we will be able to achieve with entitlement mappings so if you have an external identity provider and you already have a certain you know like group membership we will be able to map it to a space role or an org role so right now it is two steps because you have to create a user in UAA which represents that external identity and then you provision that user with more roles but when we have this entitlement mapping there is no need for you to pre provision the user you can just create a mapping which gives them the right access so this is something that AWS does as well wherein you can just map you know like an existing external group membership to an AWS role yes so the mappings themselves are IDP specific so if you create a mapping for a certain group membership external group membership it will come into play only if you are authenticating via that IDP definitely from a workflow perspective you have to take into account how those mappings will be done across those identity providers because it's going to be a privileged operation so you cannot have that kind of duplication yes yes that will have to be but there has to be a certain level of trust okay I think we've probably 10 minutes over okay thank you


The Nigerian Nightmare Christian Okoye got an Aka card and you might have clicked on this video wondering what that hidden ability was. Have you ever seen the ability Vanguard? I have never once used it or activated or even seen anyone use it or activated against me. It's a very unheard of ability. It guarantees you dominantly win impact blocks. It seems like it would be a very niche ability. And when are you ever going to activate an ability on a full back? Amount of work it would require you to do to activate a full back ability. You might as well just put a different ability on someone, right? Except with the Aka promo, these players X-Factor start on for three plays and they're off for nine back on for three. And if you saw the March on Lynch video, it was insanely overpowered. It was still absurd. I've gone ahead and given the nightmare two more abilities as well. One is honorary linemen, impact block wins versus DBs. And post up one of the best abilities to give your offensive linemen, but I've never tried it on a full back. You are dominant when engaged in double team block. So if a Koye is going to help anybody else out with blocking, probably going to light them up. Now, I believe we have just put together probably the greatest rushing backfield we're ever going to get. At our half back, we're still going to use beast mode and we're still going to use beast modes ability, which is all time freight train. Now, this freight train does cost five AP, whereas a Koye's Vanguard only costs one AP. So that means all of my AP is tied up in my half back and full back. Either way, if you thought March on Lynch was crazy in his own video, now we're pairing them up with the Nigerian nightmare. So I think it's going to be awesome. Let's hop into this video. I'm really excited to see how this works. Also want to give a massive thank you to SeatGeek for continuing to sponsor my videos. I'm sure you've heard the spiel. If you need tickets for literally anything, you should have the SeatGeek app on your phone. So NFL games, NBA games, concerts, festivals, whatever. SeatGeek has the tickets. What they do is they take tickets from all around the web and compile it in one location, the SeatGeek app, to make buying simple.  Download the app and use code MMG to get $20 off your first purchase at SeatGeek. Again, that's $20 off code MMG. Enjoy the rest of the video. Alright, so let's take a look at the backfield here. Oh my God, that's so insane. So weird. It says the nightmare has already played an offensive down, but Beast Mode hasn't. I don't know where they got that from. I'm actually going to motion him out and I just want to see what he does here.   That's awesome.  Let's go, let's go, let's go. You know you're on a run game team when it's 3rd and 10 and you elect to run the ball. Wait, we can throw. We can throw to the nightmare here. Let's get into him. Come on, baby, come on. Is he in man coverage? Probably. Oh, it's not. It's not. It's not a Montress Saint Brown in a window. Alright, well, he's sending these blitzes. Let's try to get to the edge of it. I'm going to send the nightmare out to the left side. Yeah, motion him out there. Oh, he's going to light that DB up. Or does he come down and crack back? I wonder who he blocks here. Oh, he's on the DB. He's flat on the DB. And Marshall got lit up. Dude, it's such a free block. Is it guaranteed dominant win?  Let's go. Let's go, Akoya. Oh, alright, he finally got to me. He's figuring me out. Alright, I just barely got that off to Marky Mark, but I'm going to lose yards on that. More than 12. I have nothing to lose. Let's just go for it. Marky Mark, Marky Mark. I would mulled if that happened to me. Alright, let's use our big boys. Look at this.   First and goal, Akoya. Oh, alright, I'm going stretch. We're getting to the edge. Let's go. Let's go. I think I finally ran out of X-Factor. I did. But I'll still go Marshawn Lynch here. Come on. Nice job. Ooh, is this a run play? Ooh, heater. Bruce Smith are on the edge, second and 18. Oh, he's going. He's in no huddle. I'm on it. I'm on it. I'm on it. That was such a bad ball. I'm so mad at you for throwing that. I'm giving him the fullback one again. Let's go. Marshawn, give me a block. Get through it. He calls a timeout. It's fourth and two. I'm going goal line strong toss, bro. Oh my God. He's in a goal line set, too.  I really don't. Let's go. Akoya just blocked an end. And we're going to get inside. Let's go. Dude, he just threw a monster block on his defensive. I think it was Demarcus Lawrence. What a block. I'm going to go back to the right side. There's Akoya. Amazing block once again. I'm going no huddle on this one. We're going left side. Ooh, we're using a lot of clock here. Screw it. Let's go. Oh, no. We missed his block. Akoya. Fine. I'll take the field goal. Can I make this? I can. Nice job, man. Oh my God. He's lead blocking on the kick return.  Dude, he completely flattened the guy right in front of Marshawn. Oh my God. That might be the most broken part of all of this. Hard cut. Oh, nice defense.  I hadn't even considered the fact that he could be blocking on a kick return. I didn't even think about that. Uh-oh. Uh-oh. Nice ball. Hell of a throw. That was sick. Ooh, okay. I feel like he hands this off. Yep. We're there. Let's go. Hey, that's huge because that's not a nine point game.  This is the same thing. Oh, no, their X factors are off, but Akoya is still out here. Throws two nasty blocks.  He is good. I'm going to crossbuck again. I'm going to cut it back to where Akoya is going to block. So here, cut it back. Oh my God. Wait, that's nasty. I'm going to crossbuck one more time. Third and eight. Let's go. Let's go. Oh, no. Nope. Fourth and four. I'm just going to give it to the nightmare.  Let's go. Just like this. Ah, I could run like wing tight and I could sub out iron mic for the nightmare and I could run out of this. See, there's Akoya actually blocking as if he was a tight ad. We haven't tried this yet. It's just going to dominate that DB. Okay. Beast mode. Good. Oh, I messed that up with my air truck. Hey, this is going to work though. All right, I'm going to bring a Koya out. I'm going to snap this mid, mid motion.  He blocked everybody. Dude, he dog piled like three people. That was actually so good snapping that ball. Mid motion was kind of kind of cheese there.  Okay, let's play action. He's just going to unload one. Ronnie lots too good, bro. Can't be doing that for any lot. He may rage quit, which would make me sad. I can't even see my player stats, bro. I hate when people do that. Hey, that kicker turn was actually cracked though. Let's go try another game. I need another kicker turn, dude. Oh my God. All right, Raiders. Let's see what you got. They got Mari Goda second and four. He's going to run the football. We're there big hit Ronnie lot. I'm going on Ronnie lot. I think he's going to run it again. Oh, he doesn't. Uh-oh. Oh, I'm there.  My defense has been stifling today. All right, bring out the big boys. Let's go straight, half back stretch. Keep it simple. Let's stretch this out. Okay. Great broken tackle. Insane blocks and we're off. I'm going to break the tackle anyway. That's why it's so broken. Akoye took out two DVs. March on has a one on one and he has freight train already activated. So he's going to win the one on one. The rest is history. Man, he's going to quit. He's got two plays, two interceptions. Kind of looks like there's a vacancy where the nose tackle might be. Insane block Akoye. God, if I just learned to not air truck, I might have a lot more touchdowns. Two rushes, 51 yards. Christian Akoye is going right at Tremaine Edmonds. One of the biggest middle linebackers in league. Just lighting him up. All right.  Hard cut. All right.  Right at the middle.  I could have walked in with the with the quarterback. This guy. Wait, that was a safety. I don't think he realized that was a safety. Oh my God. I feel so bad.  This is either a rage quit or about to score more points. And we've ever scored in a single game of mad. And if he decides not to quit, we're going right up the middle. Uh-oh. He's pinching though. Now we got to go stretch left side again. I'm going left side. Let's go. Great blocks. Let's go. Random over. Marshawn still going.  Seven rushes, 103 two touchdowns. Go light somebody up Akoye. Oh, he just flattened his user.  Go back to the stretch. Stretch has not let me down. There goes Akoye. Good block, not great block. If it ain't broke, I am fixed and I'm going left side stretch. Let's go, baby. Get there. Get there. Too easy. That's three touchdowns from Marshawn Lynch. That's about to say he might have actually just scored one, but the answer is no. Fourth and five. He just called the timeout.  Oh, back the juke. Right. That was one of the nastiest plays I've done. All season going left side. Akoye's getting a little stuck. I was waiting for that blocker. Probably shouldn't have just outran him. All right.   Oh, nice hard cut, Matt. I'm such a savage right now.  I haven't ran this really at all. Tired. I will still take it in. The blocking is just so good that sometimes I don't even realize it's a good run until it is. First and 10. Mariota is struggling to say the least. Sorry, Mariota. It's not your day, man. Let's bring this right side and motion. Akoye right side.  Oh, he's in the backfield with Palomalu. Great play. All right. Second and 14. Same thing. Other side. Not letting that happen again. Oh, he guessed the wrong side. I had a shot there and I sold it. Third and 11. I finally get kind of stuffed here. Kind of feels like it. Oh. All right. Nice run. Beast mode fourth and four. We have not turned the ball over yet. I don't plan on it being right now. Let's go right up the middle.  Let's go Akoye. Great block. Darn it. All right. Nice play by him. Oh, they're both lit up. That's what we need. Let's go right side. Yes, sir. Let's go nightmare. Yes, sir. He flattened two. He actually flattened two people at once. We're going ISO right up the middle.  Let's go Akoye. I can't believe that this is real. I can't believe that this is working. I just feel bad. My opponent has struggled so much.  Final play of the game right here. Fourth and three half back dive. I'm going to let the clock go to you. So this is for sure our final play. I'm going to meet Tremaine Edmonds in the hole. Let's go Tremaine. Ooh. Sorry, Tremaine. Dude, going into this video and setting up the Akoye. I was like, damn, I might just have to scrap this whole video because this might not work at all, huh? And it ended up being so overpowered that I'm considering using it like actually using it. Josh Allen, two for two, 13 yards. Nothing else. Nice job. Marshawn Lynch beast mode 35 for 279, average 7.9. Nine broken tackles, 125 yards after contact. Blocking Christian Akoye and Nigerian nightmare at 12 pancake blocks.  That's so insane. All right, boys. This was literally ridiculous. I hope you guys enjoyed this video. This was so much fun to make and I'll see you in the next one. Peace.


All right, let's go. Let's go. What time is it? I think it's half past five Five is time on the street We can set up a big banner Watch Land of Hope and Glory. How do you feel about this? I got mixed feelings. I've been to so many now, so I'm pretty experienced with a bearing witness So I know what to expect. How was it the first time then? First time I didn't really have time to You know think about how I felt. It was really quick First time I was affected by it though Sad, feel helpless, but you feel empowered to do something bearing witness is full-on for activists and veganists to see For sure. It's another level of reality for them Welcome to this service for Yeah, of course do this every day didn't finish till what 9 p.m. Last night 10 beautiful day the dark underbelly We're actually going to a slaughterhouse vigil We stopped the well what they do is they stop the trucks for two minutes They've got an agreement with the slaughterhouse, and then they take photographs of the animals and I send them out to the public and They've been running there for a thing. They've been running there for a few years now about three four years So they've been there for five days. It's a five-day vigil. This is the last day So I thought I'd just go down there boost a bit of morale The police always cooperative the slaughterhouse already put cooperative the truck drivers always crop cooperative at this one so there should be a we should see a group of um Up there on the left. Yeah, that's possibly them. I think the slaughterhouse. There's the police. Yeah, so we're in the right place Have a good day. Thank you very much. See you bud. No, I feel good ready for the day Let's go to the slaughterhouse just there police have arrived one to How I is You've been here for the whole five days. Have you? Wow? Yeah, thank you. Everything's run well. Yeah, these are the sales I was talking about breeding sales and they take him here to end their life after they've Been exploited for all their piglets. So saddest thing seeing those Mothers come in. They're just broken They're more broken than the others because they've been around longer Experience more suffering Experience a farrowing crate experiencing so much Trauma in prison like that. That's a gift a gas chamber Must be rounding them up This isn't a gas chamber No, it's electrical starting. Okay. Yeah, it's a little chicken. It's not a gas chamber Seems it open to having a conversation is And it's interesting speaking to a lot of the vehicles that we stopped. Yeah, they wasn't aware of anything So if you're trying to raise awareness, it's obviously working for yeah, we do speak to people to explain why It's about the social media thing as well because we all got we share the videos online and it reach thousands of people So that's that's the effect of these and we can live without it Vegetarian since I was 14 and I'm vegan for 20 years You're not dead And they must be going in So electrical stun stab in the throat here and people who try to contest with me about animals being stabbed in the throat Oh, you're being you know animated you're being sensational.  It's just horrible We put them through that suffering to begin with pigs are the hardest animals to control because I have such a good intuition They're the most highly anxious animals and they can smell The distress in the other animals so if an animal has been in there and left urine The other pigs know that it was fear-based response from the other animals So when they go in there they sense it and The lady who actually told me that was the slaughterhouse owner that gave me the tour She said we try to spray off with water The the urine that the pigs leave because the other pigs will know that there's something gonna happen So she said it's a welfare thing She didn't want the other pigs to be afraid when they walked in there But they've got such a heightened sense of smell these pigs that even if you sprayed water over it They still know They can still smell it After each truck had taken the animals to their brutal death We stood there in silence to pay our respects and to reflect Can only imagine what those animals are going through in there As we stood there silently You could hear the screams of those childlike animals in the background begging for mercy helplessly calling out in desperation As they meet Their violent demise on the blood-soaked kill-floor of this countryside slaughterhouse See they're all Hacked in to each other about six months old Shit all over them as well.  They're just covered in the most putrid excrement and pigs have a very heightened sense of smell They're horrible existence, you know living in their own feces slaughtered in their own blood Like this place here is built for one reason to dismantle dismember murder as many animals as possible Sick sick place Like their mentality is no different to the mentality of Like war criminals where they're like, how can we murder as many beings as possible in the most efficient way? That's what these facilities are that is efficient murder factories No different to our switch gas chambering human beings. The idea was to kill as many Sentient beings as possible Your food screamed and begged for their lives And people people ridicule us like we're the weird ones like we're you know All individual faces, you know Different characters different personalities see these ones. There's heaps all bunched up in there Little dogs. They look like dogs. Yeah This one's got blue eyes of their eyes. That's so similar to ours. Hey Yeah, there's a lot of human traits, isn't there? Are they using for heart transplants that they'll wear for us?  You know, is this your first slaughterhouse vigil? Okay Well, and here comes another truck. This is probably about the fifth truck. I think for today There's shut up. I Might be able to reach up Keep their face in that's it for the length little baby pigs. No They're going into this place here This truck here they're going in there to be murdered this place behind us only exists to Dismember dismantle and hack up into pieces as many sentient beings as possible Do you love bacon? She said I love me her lips Malved the words I love me How sick? How can you look at those pictures of those animals and smell the excrement of these Pigs and say I love me.  She wouldn't love to stand on a slaughterhouse and watch them drown in their own blood That's for sure Screams of these animals and the screaming animals. How was that food? So you've been coming in for three years and today it's just hit you harder and you have harder days Yeah, I mean there are ups and downs all the time But like I know just today in particular it just seems particularly bad. Yeah, it depends what we're doing as well I mean when we're doing outreach, I feel fine because that's really positive. We're actually seeing people change, right?  Yeah Yeah, we can't actually physically intervene that we can still make impact with pictures Video and they keep rolling in and it doesn't seem like the demand is changing, but it definitely Definitely is absolutely Thanks for your work man. I know you've been a dedicated activist for so long I really appreciate it. Thanks brother. You inspire me every day, you know that.  We're not going away. So absolutely. Yeah, it will happen eventually. I know that but Maybe not a vegan world, but animal rights we can fight for you know, we don't have a murder-free human world either So but animal rights, I think is definitely something we can strive to achieve. So I'm sure we'll get there eventually But in the meantime, pigs are screaming for their lives while People are waiting around to take action I've got a lot of respect for you for being vegan for so long and being an activist and you know, you went through the hardest time It's a lot easier now. So easy a lot easier now. Yeah, so thank you 20 year vegans always make my heart warm It's a lot harder 20 years ago to be a vegan no excuses now Thanks for bearing witness everyone See you guys, thanks for coming in there and witness look at this Pieces of cow and this is horrible here. I'm gonna I really don't want to touch this but Look at that the ears to the hair and that's a clip without they they clip through there is to identify the pigs That was a baby pig if that was a dog's ear and they were feeding him back to dogs how Outraged with the public people pigs is this here is the height of speciesism. This is what we're talking about Look at these rotting pieces of cows But it smells really bad beautiful sentient animals just fed to dogs. Yep scrap.   No, then why feed other animals to dogs? What makes that species so much more important that we should have slaughterhouses open just for them? Anyway There's a chef in a non-vegan kitchen and then started as a vegetarian I used to see the baby pigs get not brought in the baby pigs with their ribs and he's yeah This is an injustice. It's not consistent with the value. So you found a place that's like makes you more at ease Good work, man.  It's so insane that here in the UK They've got so many of these places running And it's one of the easiest places on earth to be vegan so much beautiful food beautiful restaurants amazing Vegan alternatives in every single supermark practically in London and across the board It's just super easy. Yeah, we're still raising killing a billion land animals in this country alone Every year tearing marine animals out of the ocean by their face and stabbing them in the stomach. It's just so insane such selfish greedy unjustified behavior and it just Never ceases to maze me when I'm at the at the front of these places and Hearing these animals scream and then I go for a delicious meal at a vegan restaurant That tastes amazing just makes it even more of an injustice that we have options Crazy insane and saddening really sad Scan this QR code for 25% discount on Morrison's products and then one of virtue's videos come up Mosrose Piggery's I did a video on that Morrison's supermarket red tractor approved Crazier