minutes to midday. Good morning. If you're just joining us as Rory with you until midday, taking you through going back in time, music and memories all the way until then. And we are live on Facebook and across all of our social media channels this morning. So good morning. If you're watching online and joining me via zoom, because the DeLorean didn't quite make it time to see him this morning down to pick him up in time. Colleen McFadgin is here to talk us through all the upcoming releases over the next month or so and what's in the cinemas right now. Colleen, good morning. Good morning, Rory. It's brilliant to be here. I'm delighted loads of movies this month. You know, after the last couple of years where let's face it, there was a wee bit of a gap and they were just kind of doling out movies every now and then to us. We're in full on blockbuster season. We've got loads to talk about and I think something that will suit everyone, including, you know, we're obviously going to talk big blockbusters. We're going to talk the big box office movies where we might mention a few if we've time, if I don't go on too much, if we have time to mention a few that people maybe won't know as well. Okay. Yeah.  I mean, summer block, but is this the first summer blockbuster season in what two years? Give or take? Yeah, three years. And actually, I suppose we'll we start with the number one movie in the world right now, which is Top Gun. And that's a perfect example of what we've gone through in the last couple of years and that. This movie was ready in 2019. They finished filming it in 2019. And they were ready to go. I think it was May 2020. And they held on. And then of course, you know, the pandemic and the cinemas were closed now. But even last summer, Tom Cruise was saying, absolutely, no way am I doing this until no way am I doing this until all the cinemas are open everywhere. And, you know, also in the cinema business, kind of going, well, that seems like quite a good sign, actually, doesn't it? You know that if they're holding that. So then lo and behold, I went to watch the movie and I know lots of people will have seen it already. But I must admit, so I'm off that we were talking a little bit off air. And you were kind of saying your your movies, I realized, oh, no, I'm a couple of years older than them. But I am very much of the Top Gun generation. However, all my pals love Top Gun. I was more of an army guy, wasn't it? So I went in to see this. And I was kind of going, ah, you know, it'll be fun.  It's all American military. I don't know. After about four minutes for me, I was going, okay, okay, you've got me. I'm in by the end of the movie. I am USA USA. The most fun I've had in the cinema in years. And it's not. And I can't stress this enough. My normal cup of tea. Right. Okay. Brilliant. Like, you can know, you notice the difference in the sort of physicality of watching this. I know that sounds like waffly nonsense. But what it is is they strap the jets or the cameras to the jets when they were filming this, then they took the actors up in two-seater airplanes. And so you can't see the actual pilot. They are acting. They operate the cameras themselves, the actors, and they are acting while flying. And you can tell the difference. I don't know how but you can.  And look, I am, of course, biased. I love the cinema. But there is no way. I know lots of people have all sorts of dodgy devices to watch.  I don't care how fancy your phone is. There is no way this experience, save that for fast and furious. There is no way this experience is can be done anywhere except the cinema to enjoy it properly.  How does it work on a story level? Well, it's almost like we rehearse this, which we actually haven't. Because I wanted to say that all of that stuff is great fun and that would work for the first half hour. If there wasn't an actual story here.  He was being sent scripts for Top Gun 2 all the time. And he just said no. Now it probably helps that he didn't need the money, you know, and he didn't need a hit. But he was saying the story is no good, the story is no good. And then they came along. The fact that Miles Teller is the image, he looks exactly like you would imagine what Meg Ryan and Anthony Andrews, Edward, son would be like. It's uncanny, especially with the little tash, it's uncanny that he looks like. The story works that Maverick, you know, he's still the most talented fighter. There's a reason he's still in the military, even though he never obeys the rules. That's explained in the story and that he sent back as a teacher because it's such a nonsense mission, only he could do it. And by the end, look, it probably is true. The last 15 minutes, maybe the brilliant storytelling, just get a tiny bit silly, but it doesn't matter anymore because you're so in. You love all these characters just as much as you love the old ones. Or, and more importantly, if you've never heard of the old ones. So I was working with the group, they were, you know, 13, they didn't even know who Tom Cruise was. Imagine if I felt old when I was when I was talking to you earlier, imagine how that made me feel. I was talking to a chap in the tourist office yesterday, who I'm sure is a very healthy 23. But to me, he looked 12. And he said, never, never seen Top Gun absolutely adored it. So all the people of my generation who love, who loved Top Gun loved it. And all the people who've never heard of Top Gun loved it. Now, if you get those two, you must be doing something right. So good story, good act. I probably helps with the action movies. They're proper actors too.  And they've updated it a little bit because the same amount of time has passed in real life as in the movie life. They're not pretending it was the day after Top Gun. It's done in real time. Yeah. It's done in real time. And it really works. I will, if you ever have me on again, I will guarantee you, I get people to write in and so on. Everyone's going to say they've had a tremendous experience at the cinema. There are people going to this that I don't think have gone to the cinema, certainly since before lockdown, who are coming out. A few of them came to see Bond, but this is having even more bigger expense. Obviously, people feel a bit safer now. There certainly seems to be a bigger buzz around this one.   That's it. But the joy and downside of my job is I get to watch the movies usually a couple of days early. I get to walk into the cinema, open it up and watch it myself. And that's brilliant. But there's something communal in watching it, particularly if it's a funny or exciting movie. Yeah. Do you know that bit where people go when something happens? Yeah, there's a collective gas. There's nothing like it. It's like I remember many, many years ago, watching the Sixth Sense for the second time and turning around and watching the rest of the audience when the reveal happens. There's nothing like that. Yeah. And so because there's genuinely jaw dropping moments. And I'm not. And I mean literally and I know how to use the word literally properly. Actual jaw dropping moments in this to watch it with a big packed cinema is just wonderful. But that sounds because everyone as the Jeff flies over and everyone flinches, you know, the whole it's like a Mexican wave of emotion and Mexican wave of joy and fun. All the stuff we missed out over lockdown right there wrapped up in one movie. It's I kind of liked it. Could you guess? Yeah. Sorry. Sorry. I'm sort of picking that up. Yeah, I'm picking up that very right. So that's Top Gun. So that's in theaters now and probably will be for for quite some time. It's doing big business. What have we got coming up over the next month? We're heading in now to blockbuster season proper, right? There's a couple of big releases coming our way over the next month or two. What have we got coming up? Yeah, you could pretty tick off every Friday for the next three weeks. Really big movies. So next week, talking about classic franchises, we've got Jurassic World Dominion. That's because we don't use numbers in Hollywood anymore. Yeah, you know, because the people are like two or three. It's Top Gun Maverick. It's Jurassic World Dominion. And this one I'm really excited about two, not just because, you know, dinosaurs are fun. You know, they always are. But so I love Jurassic Park way back in the day. It's brilliant movie. And I think the sequels whenever quite as good. And then Jurassic World came with the new cast and the action scenes in it were always excellent. But again, you asked earlier about story. I think maybe the story in the first two Jurassic World movies were OK. Yeah, it was OK. It was good fun, but nothing gripped you like like the other one. And they seem to have come full circle now. They're saying this is the last one and they want to nail the landing. So they've brought back the original cast with the new cast. So if Sam Neil with Jeff Goldberg and Laura Dern, as well as Chris, Chris Pratt and Bryce Dallas Howard, the monsters are bigger and better than ever. And they really kind of changed it from the the monsters or the dinosaurs of the bad guys to maybe, you know, we're kind of the bad guys for for for creating this mess. And I think what we always wanted to see of the dinosaurs actually running rampage in throughout the world is there. The clips I was watching the trailer just before we came on. And it really is spectator looking. You know, it reminds me of when the original movie came out, the great Gloria Honeford was interviewed at the premiere and she said it was so good you couldn't tell the difference between the computer dinosaurs and the real one. Right. OK. I know God lover that's 30 years ago and I'm still going to. But I know exactly what you mean. So you're watching it. That has to be some rubber effects or because you know, when computer stuff first came out, it seems very light. You know, it's kind of fake. You know, was watching the clips ago. Wow, that looks sweet. What was there because it looks so impressive. And, you know, we've just come on in technology so much. I'm really looking forward to this one. Now, anyone with kids will have noticed we haven't had kids movies for quite some time. So Jurassic World will help with that. But also here's good news for everyone who is kids under 10 years old. Right. And just finally a cartoon out. We haven't had one since Sonic and the bad guys.  I know, you probably notice and then all the birthday parties go, what's new? Nothing. And I think that is because the pandemic animated movies take way longer to make. They take way longer to make.  And I think they just caught up on them. But finally, we've got one and it's a big one. So we've got Lightyear. Now, obviously, this is something to do with the Toy Story world. This is a spinoff from the Toy Story universe. Yes. And again, I have to say I was, it sounds like I'm a very cynical man. I'm usually a very optimistic man. But again, I was kind of so I'm a bit of the I do a new story. You know, do a new story. We don't need an old story. And then I thought this was very clever because, of course, in Toy Story, Buzz Lightyear is a toy based on a famous kids cartoon. So this is the kids cartoon that it's based on. And they've got Chris Evans, who people know as Captain America, to voice it. And again, I was going, OK, it might be good. Saw the robot cat in the trailer read, I am sold. I am nearly 50 years old, Rory. I should I should be excited by a robot cat in a spaceship. But I went, that's laugh out loud, funny. That's very good. So this is a knighted. This is ignited. Your inner child really call is what you're saying. I didn't need a nighting. Now, even though you'll hear from my accents, yes, I've from Dublin originally. But all my people are from a sort of an angry Calhame the Ross's direction.  I see. He was always in Egypt. So yeah, absolutely. But it's reinvigorated the wish to go and see something else, because nothing makes me happier than when there's a contrast of movies. Yeah, there's something for everyone. That's what we need. Absolutely. That's what the cinema is about. We won't all like the same thing. Would not be awful if we all only went to see. I love Marvel movies. But imagine if there was only our Marvel movies. How boring would that be? Yeah. So when there's a choice for everyone, I love that. Well, let's have a listen to a snippet from the upcoming movie Lightyear. Let's have a listen to this. Like your mission log start at three nine oh one after a full year of being marooned. Our first hyperspeed test flight is a go. Who are you talking to? No one. I was not just doing the mission log. You do know no one ever listens to the I know that narrating helps me focus. That's a clip from from Lightyear. That's coming your way. Oh, what's the release day on Lightyear, Colin? So that's the 17 parents. Hold on only a couple more weeks to go. It's open the 17th and it's going to be like it's going to be huge and the the other Star Trek fan in me already laughed at that bit. So it's Pixar. We didn't mention that that it is Pixar who always do the best. Yeah.  It's more jokes that everyone can enjoy. That's why they're brilliant. That's what I always liked about Pixar and about Toy Story because there were there were the jokes that worked for the kids and they were very on the nose. But there were also there was also the humor there for moms and dads that went straight over the kids heads. Yeah. But mom and dad. So there's something in there for everybody, which is what's what what what we like what they need. Yeah. Absolutely. There are many. Look, I'm sure you've done it. You've got to tell them I'm very happy to have that experience. But you go, oh, my God.  If I have to listen to it could be anyone. Those fascist pups just using that in general. Again, you know, but it's great here. It's great first time experience for, you know, some some little people, but some of them are awful. So when it comes along something that you go, I enjoyed it almost as much as they did is something magic, you know. And like, we're now at the age because Toy Story is a long time ago. The people who love Toy Story when they're five and didn't get any of the grown up stuff or now get watching with their kids and getting all sad at the adult bits. Oh, my God, grown up too fast and now understanding why they seem to be dust in Dad's eye when he brought me to see it 25 years ago. It's my allergies. It's my allergies. Yeah. Right, OK, that's the light here. So that that's on the way over the next couple of weeks. Right. Collie, we're going to go for a quick commercial break and we're going to talk about an Elvis biopic that's coming up over the next few weeks as well. Is that right? Yeah. So we'll stay tuned and we'll be back right after this short commercial break. Need for getting fit in 2022 from training gear to resistance bands, skipping ropes, weights and foam rollers. We have all the essentials to see you through every step of your fitness journey from training to recovery. Shop our range of gymware, equipment and accessories at Michael Murphy Sports.ie. 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If you're getting a new suite of furniture, don't miss the big display sofa clear and sale on now, while stocks last at Foy and company in Leta Kenny and Valley Buffet and online at foys.ie. It is a nine minutes to midday. Good morning to if you're just joining us on the Saturday morning Rewind, Worry on the radio with you until 12 midday and we're live across our social media platforms as well. Good morning. If you're joining us on Facebook or any of our social media platforms this morning, Colleen McFadden is here with me. We are talking movies and what's coming up in theaters as we head into summer blockbuster season. Now, a big one, Colleen, on the way is the Baz Lerman directed Elvis byopic. Let's listen to a clip. Our country itself is sick. But it's lost its sense of direction. Even its common decency. You don't so much as wiggle the fingers. There's a lot of people saying a lot of things. But in the end, you've got to listen to yourself. In that moment, Elvis, the man was sacrificed and Elvis, the God was born. That's Elvis. That is the upcoming biopic from director Baz Lerman. So, Colleen, tell us a little bit about it. So, I'm really looking forward to this one, not least because the voice you heard there with the strange accent, that's Tom Hanks, who's playing Colonel Tom Parker. And, you know, we've heard a lot of Elvis stuff and obviously we've had Elvis movies and stuff before. But this, I think, is the first one really looking at the very odd relationship Elvis had with Colonel Tom Parker, who, of course, wasn't a Colonel and was somewhat of a con man. It was one of the reasons that Elvis never made it to Europe, except when he was a GI. But also, Elvis was fiercely loyal to him. And look, we can talk about it stars Austin Butler, by the way, who I didn't know was a big Disney teen star.  Because if you grow up in that atmosphere, you can always do it. But look, the best review we can ever have, this comes out here in June 24th. But two people who've already seen it, Priscilla Presley and Lisa Marie Presley, have both seen it and said, this is by far the nearest any movie, any mini series has ever got to the real Elvis. Now. Right, OK. So it's got the seal of approval from his family, which is always a good start. Absolutely. And they, you know, sometimes that happens and you go, oh, yeah, betcha they are like executive producers and so on in it. That's not the case. And it is still very Baz Lerman style. You know, people are known from Moulin Rouge or Romeo and Juliet. So there is a bit of flight of fantasy. You know, it's not just a straight Elvis was born in 1935. He died in this age. There is going to be a bit of color and decoration, probably a bit of, you know, invention to get the story across. But it's got reviews. It looks fantastic. I can't wait. Again, not a huge Elvis fan, but I'm really looking forward to this. Is it a war? Is it a is it a it's obviously not done through rose tinted glasses. This is going to be a warts and all true story. What's up? Yeah, absolutely. And what they do is it's very much a modern trend with biopics is that they take a slice of his life. They will tell other parts of the story, but it's one section of his life in particular that they concentrate on in a way to tell the whole life. Because I think people have got bored with that sort of here is him as a child, here's him as a teenager and so on. That sort of linear way. So it's a different way of doing, but it's definitely going to say show the downsides of both him and Colonel Tom Parker. And apparently with Tom Hanks, Tom Hanks said he's a little worried because his accent is so weird and it's almost bad acting because that's the way Colonel Tom Parker talked. He had an odd accent. He had a very weird manner. And sometimes, you know, you can almost act too well. He could do too good an impression of somebody. And people go, I know, I don't believe that all. But like we know in real life, not not your good listeners, of course, for a but some people are odd, you know, and sometimes when you portray portray them on screen, people go, I don't believe that. They go, no, we cut out the weird bits. This is this is the tone down version. Well, look, if you got away with Forest Gump on that accent, you get I know Forest Gump wasn't a real person. It wasn't a biopic.  It's Tom Hanks. He can get away with most things. Let's be honest. That's the Elvis biopic from Baz Lerman. That is coming 24th of June. That's the 24th of June. OK, look forward to that. So we've got Jurassic World on the 10th. We've got Lightyear on the 17th and we've got Elvis on the 24th. Now, that's really is something for a lot of people. That really is. And that's jam packed and there'll be loads of other things being dripped in as well. And we'll talk about that. You're going to join me again next month for July and we'll talk about the big releases and how they're doing at the box office. We'll also talk about the other stuff that's coming in around them as well. Great. They'll be all about Minions as old parents know. Minions, Minions, Minions, Minions, Minions. Really looking forward to that. Collie, listen, thanks for joining me this morning. All right, you take care. A pleasure. Thank you very much. All right. That's Collie McFadgin there joining me and talking us through the the upcoming releases for the summer blockbuster season that's kicking off. It's four minutes to midday.


From San Francisco, it's theCUBE. Covering OSISoft, PiWorld 2018, brought to you by OSISoft. Hey, welcome back, everybody. Jeff Frick here with theCUBE. We're in downtown San Francisco at OSISoft. PiWorld 2018, getting to the end of the day. It's been a very busy day. A lot of great conversations. And about 3,000 people here are talking about the Industrial Internet of Things and IoT and really process improvement using data. They've been at it for almost four decades. We're excited to have a practitioner. He's Tararana. He is the Digital Transformation Process Control and Systems Engineering for Barrett Gold. Tar, good to see you. Oh, nice to meet you as well. Absolutely. Thank you. So, a little bit of basics on Barrett Gold. Kind of, who are you guys? What's your business? All right, so Barrett Gold Corporation, it's the largest gold producer, as of today, in the world. And we have about 13 operating sites across the world. We are headquartered in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Okay. We are hugely focused in the Americas. About 75% of our revenue comes from the Americas. So that's North America and South America. And then we have other projects and mining operations across the world, Australia, Chile, Zambia in Africa, Saudi Arabia. So it's global. So you are, you're basically getting the gold out of the dirt. From the rocks. From the rocks. Yeah. And it's pretty interesting, right? We always think of that. We're here in San Francisco, right? 1849 is when it all started. It was a guy with a pan. But that's not how it works anymore, right now. No. It's a big industrial process that starts with lots of truckloads of ore. And then at the end of many, many steps out comes the gold. Yeah. And we've heard on a number of times there's so many process improvements that basically can increase the percentage of gold that you can extract out of that ore. And to that note, there are a couple of things that we are actually looking at. So not only that, but also as we are moving into the future, the gold grades from the ore is diminishing. And that's where I think we are in the right place because we are looking at technology. We are looking at the buzzwords like artificial intelligence to help us in that phase. Because all the good grades are almost gone. So to get that little gold that's in a big mass of rock, we definitely need to look at technologies. So the grade is the percentage of gold per unit of ore, right? Because the gold itself is the same gold when you get it out. The percentage of gold in that mass of rock. So gold mining's been going on for a long time. What are some of the opportunities for you guys to use software to basically get your yield up? Okay, so there are a couple of things where we can look at technology. So number one is safety. So as the gold grade is going down, which also means we are actually going deeper in the mine. So as we go deeper in the mine, that means it's becoming unsafe for people operating underground. So we're looking at technology, we're looking at things like autonomous vehicles, artificial intelligence algorithms that can help us in exploration. And then other things like robotics, drones, all kinds of stuff. So the technology space is huge for us to explore, to use and then to go to safety. Of course we are looking at reducing our operating costs, increasing productivity as much as we can, and hence lower our ASIC, which is the all-in-sustaining cost. So the autonomous vehicles is an interesting one. I don't think most people are aware how many autonomous vehicles operate in mines. I don't know if it's gold mines specifically, but I think we've talked to Caterpillar before, and there's a lot of autonomous vehicles running around mining operations. That's the future, definitely. So right now we are actually taking a couple of projects to run these autonomous mines. But you're right, it's not only the gold industry, but across mining and metals industry. And then what is digital transformation in mining? We think of big lumpy assets that are made out of rocks and steel and rubber and heavy, heavy, heavy industry, heavy, heavy machinery. So what does digital transformation look like in the gold industry? So again, this is very interesting and also dangerous. Why say that? Because I'll tackle the dangerous piece first, because digital transformation is again a buzzword like we have gone through different ones in the past. What we are targeting to do through digital information or transformation is not new. We have attempted to do this in the past with some degree of success. But as you know, the mining industry is a very cyclical industry. So when we were in the peak of the cycle, we invested a lot of money. We did a lot of cool projects, but as soon as we moved into the downward cycle, the budgets were tighter, so some of those projects were taken off the table. But now what's happening is we are taking it back, but we are looking at this as an enabler. What that means is we are democratizing the digital transformation laterally and vertically, which means within the site and also across the organization. So we are educating our operators. We are educating the metallurgists and all that because digital transformation is more cultural transformation. We all have these cool gadgets and a lot of these we use in our daily lives. But how we can use these effectively in the mining world, how we can use things like iPads, wireless technology, and bring that information, as I mentioned to you before, on the table of the operators so that they are empowered now to make decisions rather than waiting forever for their front-line supervisors to give them that information. So now with the use of digital transformation as an enabler, we're hoping that, A, we are making it safer. We are democratizing this as well as making decisions faster, efficient. So it's pretty interesting on the democratization because we see that in a lot of industries. So basically giving the power, the tools and the data to a broader group of people so they can make better decisions on the line. That's really the operator side. But you said something interesting too before we turn the cameras on about transparency, not only at the site but across the company so that more people have more visibility into more pieces of the puzzle. So how's that been going? It has been going great so far. So what I meant by that was that the communities that we operate in, so Nevada in the States, Valadero San Juan community in Argentina, so communities like that. So now with the help of digital transformation we can also take this information to the community. Now they are more excited about what we are doing rather than being skeptical about us not sharing with them. So I think that is going great. The other aspect I should bring out is environmental. So environmental is a big piece. So safety, health and environment, we live by that because that's our license to operate. So with the help of digital transformation and by sharing this information with our communities I think we can reach our goal and bring everybody on board along this journey. And I would imagine that ties directly back into trust. Correct. With the transparency, which I'm sure can be a big point of friction if you don't have that transparency. Absolutely. Especially on the environmental side. Yeah. So what are you here for? What are you finding here at PyWorld? Okay, so and I don't think I mentioned this but along this journey we are also looking for strategic partners because we cannot do this all by ourselves. Right? And that was one of the reasons why digital transformation failed before is we created silos. We didn't want to collaborate. So we wanted to keep all the information within ourselves and we were not sharing the information not only publicly but also within the organization. So what my role here in this conference is to share with all our peers in the industry what we have been doing and also learn from others what they have been doing so that we can collaborate and make mining industry in general very lucrative industry for everybody and make it safer and productive. So I would imagine there's probably a lot of sensitivity in sharing some of the operating processes and I would imagine there's some proprietary technology in the way that you get your yield out of the ore. At the same time, I would imagine safety and environmental can only benefit the industry if you share that information. I would imagine that's not what you're going to build your competitive advantage on and that's really more of an opportunity for industry sharing if you will. So the point about sharing information about production and yes, that is definitely sensitive but I think what we are interested in sharing is the concepts, how we can do this digital transformation together rather than the numbers that we're looking at. We're looking at percentage improvement. So even if I can share what we are doing with my peers in the industry in general and if they are benefited but I think that's great for the mining industry. Is the industry more receptive to that sharing than it has been in the past? Definitely, there is more sharing now but of course there are still some hurdles and I'm hoping that attending conferences like this will make those hurdles smaller and smaller and we can do better. All right, well Tara, thanks for taking a few minutes and sharing your story and wish you obviously a lot of success on the safety and getting gold cheaper so we can all buy our wives bigger necklaces from other days coming up, right? Absolutely, yeah. Well thank you very much and it's my pleasure to share and let's enjoy the conference. All right, well thanks a lot. It's Tara and Jeff, you're watching theCUBE from OSI Soft, High World, 2018, San Francisco. Thanks for watching.


The next item of business is a member's business debate on motion 7369, in the name of Stuart McMillan, on national eye health week 2017, and the threat to vision posed by diabetic retinopathy. The debate will be concluded without any questions being put, and I would ask those who wish to contribute to press the request-to-speak buttons now. I call on Stuart McMillan to open the debate around seven minutes, please. First, I thank members for signing the motion and for those who will take part this afternoon. I am aware that there are some members of RNIB Scotland to be in the chamber this afternoon in the gallery. I want to thank you certainly for signing over this particular debate this afternoon. As a convener of the cross-party group on visual impairment, I welcome the opportunity that National Eye Health Week provides to remind members in the chamber and people across Scotland of the importance of looking after their eye health. Since 2006, everyone in Scotland has been entitled to a free eye health check every two years, as well as picking up on treatable eye conditions such as diabetic retinopathy and cataracts that can also spot the early signs of heart disease and brain tumours. Free eye checks are therefore an opportunity that is actually too good to miss. They can, and have prevented sight loss in Scots with quick treatment of eye conditions picked up by those tests, slowing sight deterioration and also sometimes preventing it altogether. That is particularly important for diabetics. Diabetics are entitled to a free yearly eye check that can pick up the early signs of diabetic retinopathy, the leading cause of sight loss in working-age adults in Scotland. It is caused by consistently high blood sugar levels and damaging blood vessels in the back of the eyes. By the time that damage has affected a diabetic vision, retinopathy is already at an advanced stage. Eye health checks are vital to picking up on the early signs of retinopathy so that it can be treated before it becomes so advanced that it affects vision. Those free yearly eye checks can be both sight-saving and sight-preserving for the 291,000 people in Scotland living with diabetes. That is one of the reasons why I am glad that this motion was chosen for debate today. It is important to raise awareness of those free eye health checks among the general population and the diabetic community. I hope that this debate will go some way towards doing that. I commend the work of Diabetes Scotland and RNIB Scotland, whose joint campaign video work this week highlights the effects that diabetic retinopathy can have on a person's vision, and, more important, promote those free eye health checks. 42,000 diabetics missed their eye screening in the past 15 months, missing out on the vital opportunity to check that their eyes are healthy and that they do not need vision-saving treatment. I hope that the video also encourages more people to attend their annual eye screening and get their eye health check undertaken. I recommend that members in the chamber check the video out for themselves to get an idea of what it would be like if their vision was impaired. I know that the Government is committed to raising awareness of the importance of eye health checks and has set a self-imposed target of running localised campaigns, particularly among communities whose take-up is the lowest, to ensure that everyone from my constituency in Greenberg and Inverclyde to the Grampians know all their entitlement and are in the position to take advantage of it. The community eye care review that was commissioned by the Cabinet Secretary for Health and Sport last year has produced great work in evaluating community eye care services across Scotland and providing a list of recommendations for the Government that would raise the quality of eye care to an even higher standard and also take eye care to everyone in Scotland. The cross-party group on visual impairment was pleased to hear from representatives of the review that explained their findings and recommendations that would be keen to hear about further updates on that from the Government. I would also appreciate if the Cabinet Secretary could provide the chamber with an update on the progress of the objective to promote the importance of eye health checks so far, as I cited in the community eye care review recommendations and also to update us on what plans the Government has to continue pursuing the objective over year 2 of this parliamentary session. Since eye checks were made free in 2006, there has been a 29 per cent rise and uptake of eye health checks. This is a great achievement but there is still scope to do more and uptake is still low in the worst-off communities in Scotland and in ethnic communities where sight loss is genetically more prevalent. One in 10 people from the BME communities over the age of 65 will experience serious sight loss. People from black and Asian ethnic groups have a higher risk of developing eye conditions such as diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma due to the causes of those conditions being genetically more prevalent and are more often likely to go blind after diagnosis. It is particularly important for higher risk groups to take advantage of the free eye health checks, but recent studies such as the improving access to optometry services for people at risk or preventable sight loss conducted in 2014 have shown that those groups are less likely to get their eyes checked. We need to find out why that is the case and address the causes. The Government has the responsibility to put a focus on raising awareness of free eye health checks among those groups, and there is precedent for that. In 2015, the Welsh Government made eye health checks free for people from BME communities, recognising the need to raise awareness among those groups. In Scotland, of course, we have universal free eye health checks. However, the issue remains that those groups are less likely to take up their entitlement and need special government attention. As a country, we must do more to support hard-to-reach communities and communities from a diverse background. We cannot rest on our laurels, but we must also focus on ensuring that avoidable sight loss is prevented. There are some good examples of working with diverse communities. For instance, R&B's Scotland diversity and sight team does important work in that area. Indeed, they are attending the Muslim Council of Scotland's meeting this Saturday, specifically talking to people from BME communities about the higher risk that they have of developing eye conditions and the importance of taking up the eye check. We would also encourage the Government to target campaigns to those hard-to-reach groups as recommended by the community eye care review and to monitor the results of those campaigns to ensure that there is continuous improvement. Sight is the sense that people fear most if they were to lose. As a Government, we can aid the prevention of sight loss, and we must aid the prevention of sight loss. Raising awareness of free eye health checks generally goes some way to helping to prevent sight loss, but we must also ensure that groups such as diabetics and people from the BME communities that are at a particularly high risk of developing eye conditions are given special focus by the Government in that area. I look forward to the cabinet secretary's update on the progress that has been made on the recommendations that have been put forward by the community eye care review, specifically relating to the localised campaigns and what plans are in place to build on the progress. I certainly hope that the debate helps to raise awareness of the importance of getting eyes checked and within the general population, but more specifically in the diabetic community and also looking forward to hearing fellow members' contributions in the chamber this afternoon. We move to the open debate and speeches of around four minutes. Please, Miles Briggs, to be followed by David Stewart. I would like to start by congratulating Stuart McMillan on securing today's important debate during this year's national eye health week and acknowledging the good work that he has been doing over many years in raising eye health issues in this Parliament. I also thank the organisations that have provided briefings ahead of today's debate. I commend Diabetes Scotland and RNIB Scotland for the joint action that they are taking to raise awareness of diabetic retinopathy. Last night, I caught one of the adverts on channel 4 around this campaign. I think that it was incredibly hard-hitting to see the impact of different versions of sight loss. I think that campaigns like that really do, for those of us who have not experienced sight loss, present an opportunity to see just the impact that it has on people's lives. It is right that there is a real focus on what is the most common cause of vision loss amongst people with diabetes and the leading cause of visual impairment and blindness among all working-age adults. With more than 290,000 Scots currently living with diabetes and with that number predicted to continue to grow in the years ahead, we will all agree that tackling diabetic retinopathy and reducing its impact must be a key health priority, as well as addressing factors such as diet, obesity and physical activity levels, which are linked to the increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Scotland. Strach Macmillan has already identified that diabetic retinopathy early diagnosis can lead to treatment that can prevent or reduce sight loss, so encouraging every person from 12 who has diabetes to either take up an annual screening appointment is very vital to help to address that. The condition often has no symptoms until it is well advanced, so the importance of annual screening cannot be overstated. I think that it is hugely concerning and has already been raised that 42,000 people with diabetes in Scotland do not have a record of attending a retinopathy screening appointment over the last 15 months. Clearly more action is needed to increase screening uptake rates, and I urge friends and family members of people with diabetes to encourage them to attend the screening and to help to remind them of the importance of this annual check. We should also continue to get the message across that the screening for diabetic retinopathy is different to the eye test, which we would get from anopticians. I welcome some of the work that has already been taking place on this to look at innovative ways that the Scottish Government can improve uptake in screening and look at certain communities and the information that is already provided and how that can be advanced. In addition, we must emphasise that anyone with diabetes who believes that they are not being invited to attend screening and who believes that they have missed an invitation in a particularly lear should not hesitate to speak to their GP or local diabetes healthcare team about that. I welcome the powerful online and cinema commercials that have been based on the message How Do You See Scotland, which is being shown at the moment. I would like to commend Brian Cox both for his support of this ad and for publicly talking about his own experiences of diabetes, which I think is incredibly important. I know that members of this Parliament have done that, and I think that that is something that can only help in trying to address some of the issues. This has generated significant media coverage in recent days, and I hope that this campaign will help to raise awareness of this important issue. To conclude, Deputy Presiding Officer, I again welcome this debate in National Eye Health Week 2017. I am pleased to join Stuart McMillan and other members in welcoming the combined work of Diabetes Scotland and RNIB Scotland. I wish the campaign every success and hope that we can see an increase in the number of people with diabetes taking part in the screening programme each year and a corresponding reduction, above all, in the preventable sight loss and visual impairment caused by diabetic retinopathy, which can have such a devastating impact on someone's life and wellbeing. David Stewart, followed by Emma Harper. Thank you, Presiding Officer, and could I also congratulate Stuart McMillan on securing the debate this afternoon? As co-convener of the cross-party group on diabetes, let me tell you about the hidden epidemic in Scotland. 291,000 people in Scotland are diagnosed with diabetes. 49,000 people have the condition but are undiagnosed, and 620,000 people in Scotland are at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes. That means that nearly a million people in Scotland are directly affected by diabetes through having it or at risk of developing it. That means that scores of parliamentary staff today have diabetes without knowing it, perhaps an MSP or two, a dozen MSP assistants and a clutch of those in the gallery today. It is a true Scottish epidemic. Diabetes is the main cause of blindness for those of working age, and that is why I congratulate Diabetes Scotland and NNIB Scotland on their campaign, marking national eye health week 2017. A campaign that, as we have heard, highlights the threat to vision pose by diabetic retinopathy. I am on with it, Presiding Officer, could I congratulate Jane Clare Judson, who is the chief executive of Diabetes Scotland, on the work that she carries out as she is leaving Diabetes Scotland on the next few weeks to a new post. Diabetes is a true Scottish epidemic. Two and a half times more people have diabetes than all cancers combined. It is a true Scottish epidemic of health inequality for children in areas of deprivation are more at risk of obesity, a severe risk factor for type 2 diabetes. What is diabetic retinopathy and why is it so important? As we have heard, 42,000 people with diabetes have no record of attending as screening in the last 15 months. It is part of essential diabetes care, and everyone over 12 who is living with diabetes should attend annual retinopathy screening. As we have heard, that is not the same at its normal eye examinations at opticians. Regular screening is vital to pick up early signs. We have heard an idea with the points made that diabetic retinopathy often has no symptoms until it is well advanced. The 42,000 Scots with diabetes who have no record of recent screening are putting their sight at risk. The How Do You See Scotland campaign will help to raise awareness of the issue and will hopefully encourage more people to attend their screening appointments. As with many aspects of health delivery in Scotland, there is a postcode lottery. Non-attendance at retinopathy screening is only 8 per cent in Dumfries and Galloway, but nearly 20 per cent in my patch in the Highland health board area, and nearly 21 per cent in Lanarkshire and Greater Glasgow and Clyde. Diabetes is a ticking time bomb, and it is the fastest growing health crisis of our time. More people have the serious health condition of diabetes more than dementia and cancer combined. As the health cabinet secretary will know, NHS Scotland spends over £1 billion annually on diabetes, but by providing the knowledge, the skills and the tools to support people to live well with their diabetes, we can reduce diabetic complications. That will improve the quality of life for people living with the disease. It will lead to long-term cost savings with fewer people requiring treatment to admissions to hospital and surgery, and everyone, irrespective of where they live in Scotland, has the right to this treatment. Briefly, Presiding Officer, as time is short, a few years ago I was proud to address the first ever global diabetes forum of parliamentary champions for diabetes in Melbourne. It was an unusual audience with nearly 100 national champions from far afield as Russia, Nigeria and Canada. We signed the Melbourne Declaration, which committed parliaments across the globe to ensure the political agenda as a higher emphasis on preventative work, early diagnoses and access to adequate care. I said in my speech in Melbourne that I was proud to come from nation with a strong record in innovation and discovery. Scots like Fleming, Watt and Bell led the way in discovery and international collaboration is the way forward. Finally, Presiding Officer, members will be aware that it was in 1922 that Professor John McLeod from Aberdeen, working with two outstanding scientists, Bunting and Best, discovered insulin. Before that date, type 1 diabetes was a death sentence in Scotland. In conclusion, we have a great opportunity to raise the bar in healthcare. I congratulate again Stuart McMillan on his timely motion allowing us to focus on the threats posed by diabetic retinopathy and to raise the importance of having regular eye-screwning across every health board in Scotland. Emma Harper, followed by Alexander Burnett. Thank you Presiding Officer. First, I would like to remind members that I am a registered nurse and I am a co-convener of the diabetes cross-party group here in Holyrood. I congratulate my colleague Stuart McMillan MSP for securing this debate as part of National Eye Health Week. Diabetes UK funded a programme in 1986 to take retinal photography screening out to people with diabetes, and the Scottish Diabetic Retinopathy screening programme was started in 2003, collecting together what had been carried out before. According to the latest statistics from Scottish Diabetes survey, there are almost 260,000 people with type 2 diabetes living in Scotland today, and everyone under the age of 12 with type 1 or type 2 diabetes should be screened, but around 42,076 were not screened last year. Screening takes less than 10 minutes, and it is required annually. That is great news. My sister Marina Forbes is a clinical ophthalmic nurse specialist, and she informs me that people with diabetes who take up the offer of screening now have the same potential of maintaining the same eye health as those without diabetes, and 30 per cent of her clinic visits are made by those folks with diabetes. Many may have had diabetes for 10 years prior to even a diagnosis of their diabetes or type 2. The goal of the screening programme is to recognise problems and use the data from subsequent retinal photographs to track whether there is a deterioration in the vascular structures and macula. Early detection leads to early treatment and promotes visual health and keeps folk independent and able to remain in their homes longer. Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of preventable sight loss in working-age adults across Scotland, and there are various types. Background retinopathy is the earliest visible change to the retina, where the tiny wee blood vessels become blocked and are at risk of microaneurism or hemorrhage. Maculopathy occurs in the most important area of the retina, the macula, which provides our central, detailed vision. Proliferative retinopathy occurs when retinal hypoxia, which is low oxygen supply, allows new immature blood vessels to develop, and those immature blood vessels leak fluid and that damages the vision. There are various treatments available depending on the severity of the condition. Laser treatment or photocoagulation was commonly used prior to the advent of the injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections into the vitreous of the eye. The anti-vascular endothelial growth factor, or anti-veg F, halt the production of extra protein and, in turn, the growth of new blood vessels. Laser treatment revolutionised retinopathy treatment in the past, as it was the only effective treatment, but the anti-veg F treatment has superseded that and is a great method of treatment. Together with effective screening and good blood glucose control and good blood pressure control as well, it can successfully maintain vision. Good news for NHS Dumfries and Galloway is that the actual numbers attending screening are really high and, thank you to my colleague Dave Stewart for mentioning that. My message is that what is happening within your eyes, which can be overtly symptomatic, could also be happening to the tiny wee vessels of your feet, your heart and your kidneys. The microvascular damage can alert health professionals and direct further action so that the other vessels and organs can be monitored and protected as well. Once again, I congratulate Stuart McMillan on securing this debate today and congratulate Diabetes Scotland and the RNIB for their campaign to mark national eye health week. It is important that everyone recognises the benefits of attending regular eye screening services that are available to them because it can save your vision. I am one of those type 1 diabetics at risk. I had my retinae photographed a couple of weeks ago as part of my eye screening programme, so I would like to just say that my eyes, my retinae, they are doing fine. I think that the official report will appreciate your speech with the spellings in it, Ms Harper. I thank you, Deputy Presiding Officer, and I join my fellow members in congratulating Stuart McMillan on bringing this important debate on national eye health week to the chamber today. I would also like to join my fellow members in commending Diabetes UK and RNIB Scotland for joining forces in their How Do You See Scotland campaign to raise awareness of the diabetic retinopathy and the importance of screening. It is great to see those two great charities combined to tackle this condition, caused by complications of diabetes, typically through high blood sugar levels, damaging the back of the eye. But to constituents across Scotland watching our debate today, they might have some questions. Questions, I trust having read the briefings, I am now better equipped to answer. I would like to use this opportunity to rhetorically answer three questions so that they too can be better informed. Am I at risk? NHS Scotland advises that everyone with diabetes, who is 12 years old or over, goes for eye screening once a year. The How Do You See Scotland campaign has found that 15 per cent of those eligible for this screening have not been attending in the previous 15 months. If you are one of those people, I would urge you to get yourself an appointment so that you have the opportunity to tackle this condition early. How can I reduce my risk of diabetic retinopathy? Firstly, attend your screening appointments. Those are different to your eye test at the opticians, as they are specifically taking pictures at the back of your eye to assess if there is any damage to the blood vessels. Again, NHS Scotland advises you to control your blood sugar, pressure and cholesterol levels and take your diabetes medication as prescribed. I am sure that the majority of those with diabetes will be all too aware of the importance of this, but we must raise awareness to remind those at risk. Can diabetic retinopathy be treated? Sadly, there is no cure for diabetic retinopathy. However, there are treatment options. There are three different stages, background, maculopathy and proliferative retinopathy. All three have different options, ranging from regular monitoring of blood vessels to laser treatment. We are told that at all stages, managing your diabetes is crucial. Having control of your diabetes can prevent conditions such as those from developing at all. However, in the more advanced stages of affected vision, taking control can stop the condition getting worse. I am already aware of the great work that RNIB already do for people across Scotland. One of my former members of staff has benefited from their work and earlier this year ran the London Marathon to raise funds for them. However, I would like to note my personal thanks to both RNIB and Diabetes UK for the constant support that they provide to patients, families, communities and elected officials in informing us of important health issues that can affect us in so many ways. The last open debate contribution is from Colin Smyth. Thank you, Presiding Officer. Can I begin by echoing the comments of others and thanking Stuart at a fellow member of the cross-party group on visual impairment for lodging his motion and providing members with the opportunity to congratulate and thank Diabetes Scotland and RNIB for their campaign to mark national eye health week by highlighting the threat to vision posed by diabetic retinopathy. Some members will have seen that the excellent campaign film Diabetes Scotland at RNIB has shown in cinemas and online. It is a powerful film, but it hits home the importance of getting your eyes checked to avoid where possible sight loss. As world health assembly figures show, sight loss is available in 50 per cent of cases, in particular if sight problems are detected at an early stage. We cannot underestimate the massive impact loss of vision has on a person's life. It can drastically affect their confidence, their self-esteem and their mental health. We therefore all have a role to play in doing what we can to promote early detection of sight problems. It is more than a decade since the introduction of free health checks by my Labour colleague Lewis MacDonald, who was a responsible minister at the time. That move brought about a step change in the eye health care pathway in Scotland and, since then, the number of eye examinations has increased significantly. However, we cannot be complacent. We know that the number of people with sight loss is set to double by 2030. That is why, like Stuart McMillan, I very much welcome the findings of the community eye care review. The review sets out important recommendations and I will best achieve a higher uptake of eye health checks, and it highlights how to do more with less by providing a quality service to all areas of Scotland, including the creation of a national list of optometrists and dispensing opticians, to improve service planning and reduce duplication, and to make some eye services that are usually provided in hospitals, such as follow-up cataract surgery appointments, available more locally. However, as we have heard in a debate and are highlighted by Diabetes Scotland and RNIB's campaign, one of the factors contributing to the rise in sight loss is the increase in the number of people diagnosed with diabetes in Scotland. As members know, a key part of controlling diabetes is monitoring blood sugar levels as it guides what a person eats and often how much insulin they take. At the moment, people with type 1 diabetes typically self-monitor their blood glucose level by using it at a finger prick, often around a dozen times a day and indeed often during the night. Now, as I found out when I attended the recent visit to Curcubri by members of the petitions committee, including Angus MacDonald, who was in the chamber earlier, stabbing your finger with a needle is not exactly a pleasant experience, and I only had to do it once on that particular visit. Children, often as young as three, have to do that a dozen or more times a day every day. During the visit, I had the pleasure of meeting local mums Shanaid Anderson and Emily Ross, whose daughters Macy and Robin have type 1 diabetes. The highlighted alternative to the painful and distressing process of finger pricking is continuous glucose monitoring, where a small sensor is placed under the skin to check glucose levels. It allows more frequent readings of glucose levels, allowing the fine-tuning of glucose levels and treatment and reduces the need for painful finger pricking. However, it is not currently available on prescription, so I therefore urge the Government to seriously consider the case being made by mums like Shanaid and Emily and, more important, their daughters Macy and Robin and the many others across Scotland and make the monitoring available on prescription. The Government has a duty to support the best possible care for those with diabetes and to raise awareness of the risk consistently high blood sugar poses to their vision, including the importance of attending their annual eye checks. That fits perfectly with the Scottish Government's 2020 vision strategy, which puts an emphasis on prevention and anticipation in health and social care. However, in order to anticipate which areas are likely to have a bigger increase in sight loss, we need to know how many people have sight loss currently and the rate at which sight loss is rising. I definitely ask the cabinet secretary if she can tell us when figures for the number of blind and partially sighted people registered per local authority will be published. In the past, those figures were reported annually and the return to this reporting would be invaluable. Presiding Officer, I conclude once again to congratulate Stuart McMillan on his motion. I hope that today's debate will result in an increased focus on how we can best promote the prevention of sight loss, including improved management of diabetes, and by carrying out the recommendation set out in the community eye care review. I call Shona Robison to respond to the debate. Thank you, Deputy Presiding Officer. I also congratulate Stuart McMillan on securing that important debate. I also join with Miles Briggs in paying tribute to Brian Cox and his support for the How Do You See Scotland campaign. It is a very powerful campaign indeed. I also welcome Diabetes Scotland and the RNIB's campaign to raise awareness of diabetes retinopathy and encourage attendance of screening appointments as the number of members have. This is an important initiative during iHealth week. Campaigns such as this one are crucial for highlighting the on-going importance of attending regular eye screening appointments as well as all other diabetes health checks. Regrettably, diabetic retinopathy remains the leading cause of preventable sight loss among people of working age in Scotland. The posters in the film of the campaign are clearly showing how damaging and devastating retinopathy is. Far too many people only have an eye test when they experience a problem with their eyes or their vision, which may be too late. That is a tragic and avoidable fact when one considers that current screening techniques are capable of detecting referable retinopathy at a stage where, with proper treatment, the probability of preserving vision is high. At the end of 2016, in Scotland we had 291,981 people diagnosed with diabetes of all types. That represents 5.4 per cent of the population. We know that on top of the life-changing effect of diabetes, indirect costs associated with poor management are very high. Diabetes is an important issue to tackle at any time, but when we have such financial pressures on the NHS, it becomes even more pressing to ensure that we are doing everything that we can to address avoidable complications of diabetes, which is why the Scottish Government considers driving continuous improvement in retinopathy screening practice to be an important priority. Scotland has a world-renowned diabetes retinopathy screening programme, and I would like to thank the DRS Collaborative, which oversees the performance of the programme. 84.1 per cent of people eligible had their eyes screened by the diabetic retinopathy screening service in the previous 15 months. 220,893 people had their eyes screened in 2016 more than ever before, but we must not be complacent and we would seek to have even more eligible patients being screened for early signs of diabetes retinopathy. Yes, of course. David Stewart. I thank the cabinet secretary for giving away. Would the cabinet secretary have a look at the issues around the postcode lottery in screening, and the points that I made earlier about confusing alleyway have only been 8 per cent, but a highland of 22 per cent of people are not turning up for retinopathy. Is there a real issue across the health boards on this issue? Shona Robison. Yes, I will do that. I was going to come on to that. I will do that. The other issue that David Stewart mentioned, of course, was the health inequalities dimension to that. There is the Scottish Diabetes Group, which oversees co-ordinates and reviews the implementation of the improvement plan, is working to establish an inequality group in order to deliver the priority on equality of access. I am very happy to keep the member informed about that, but it is about driving improvement and dealing with some of those issues around the difference in attendance, particularly where there is a health inequalities dimension. I am so happy to keep you informed about that. NHS Scotland has recently invested in a replacement IT system for the screening programme, which was successfully implemented across Scotland earlier this year. The system is now being used across all health boards to screen on average 1,000 people with diabetes per working day. That system maintains and supports our commitment to people with diabetes, providing the best possible care now and for the years ahead. Members may be aware that the DRS standards were revised in 2016 by Health Improvement Scotland to support staff and ensure that the highest standards of screening are achieved. Each standard also details what people, patients and representatives in the public can expect of those services, and two of the new standards relate to protocols for referral and treatment. Of course, ophthalmologists play a crucial part in the pathway of delivering high-quality eye care for people with diabetes. In the spring, I welcomed the publication of the national ophthalmology workstream, which demonstrates the benefits of close working between local clinicians, managers and the Scottish Government. The report identifies solutions to improve the flow of patients through hospital ophthalmology services. That will be done by adopting new methods of working using modern technology and making use of the entire workforce, such as upskilling the non-medical workforce, such as nurses to deliver the anti-veg F injections and optometrists to review lower-risk patients to ensure that all patients get the timely hospital eye care that they need. Going back to the main theme of the motion retinopathy screening is one of the nine healthcare checks that people with diabetes should have. And only a few months ago, we ran a poster campaign in community pharmacies to encourage people to make sure that they get all of their healthcare checks to better manage their condition and to help them live a longer, healthier life. We also need to ensure that people living with diabetes have the tools and skills to manage their diabetes well, to prevent and reduce the risk of developing complications, which, of course, can have a significant impact on the quality of their life. That includes access to appropriate technology and support to treatment and lifestyle management. Access to My Diabetes My Way is an award-winning resource that enables people to see and check their clinical results and health information. It provides a wide range of advice and has demonstrated its value in helping people who use it to improve their blood glucose control. We recently allocated additional funding to support not only the increase in the provision of insulin pumps for adults, but, importantly, as Colin Smyth mentioned, continuous glucose monitoring for those with the greatest clinical need and who will benefit most from this important technology. A newly formed expert group is leading work on the prevention framework, which focuses on supporting NHS boards in helping people to reduce the risk of complications and identifying people at high risk of type 2 diabetes and taking action to reduce the risk of developing the condition, including lifestyle changes. It is recognised that many of the long-term conditions, including type 2 diabetes, are related to lifestyle factors such as obesity, lack of exercise, smoking, excessive alcohol intake and poor diet, and the health inequalities that I mentioned earlier. In our programme for government, we have already set out that we will consult this year on a range of actions to deliver a new approach to diet and healthy weight management. There are no simple solutions for addressing diabetes, but Governments, patients and indeed wider society all have a role to play as indeed the members of this Parliament. Together, we can build on the real tangible progress that has already made towards preventing the complication of all types of diabetes and improving the quality of life for the tens of thousands of people living with this condition in Scotland. That concludes the debate, and this meeting is suspended until half past 2.


The East Circuit, and as promised, Sasa Basi is in the building do metoka kupafom, but before we get to that kumbuka, unazatumayo shoutouts, Zot is a Happy New Year on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. That's on Y244 channel. I'm at the East Circuit. Our VP, did you talk? Yeah, yeah, I said I'm at my request. Exactly. Nah, I wish you. Sasa Basi. Ya, that's it. Kaributana kwa East Circuit. Wesim, geni apu, kuni wako. Amisum, geni. Sindio againi. Nakhwa na sandals, niks temga ku zut na pajangizu. Yo no, I was telling to Saba Basi earlier, unajo I almost forget how tall you are, how tall are you? Sixto. Buda. That's insane. Onoko gabi bol. Yandaw ni m Kuni minchi zabaki ki asi. Ya, Kujibangbatu sahi. Omaku kira kogo pro, asi. Asi. Asi. Taku tehna. Eh, ni sta kumia tehna. Ni umen kia hi school, sta kumia tehna. New Hitch. Goma za kwa zuka migi na kama na panchi. Actually, I love to look at nongi something earlier before we get into the interview, I want to ask you. The Kenyan music industry, there's something they're calling the new school. So, isima lambalolos and all that, isima goma zanya, they're not really making sense. Pole, we're good, we're good. But they're not really making all that sense. What do you think about them as a rapper? To be honest, na mi kwanza nile watwa, wana doki, I think muse ma kila, kila goma ina audience yaki. So, wana doi, ata mi goma zango, kuna watu zengina aita wa bamba. So, kwa kina e... Ya, kuna wana doi, kila mtu waga test yaki. So, to me, how me think wana do, because wana jibamba. That's the main thing, muse ma gaka. As long as we monee wana jibamba kwa crafty ako, usidzali jo atu ingini. As long as you're having fun. Ya, kwa wana jibamba, wana doi, isi kuwe fost. So, wana jibamba, me think wacha wendele. Because na doi kila, kila, kila kituna, kuna mtu wana ina bamba, ata we kuna ftu na kwa bamba, kuna ftu zengina bamba. So, I feel like wacha wendele. Ini na abamba. Ya, wabamba as you got. Ini abamba, she did. Ya, ya. Said she did, laki wad do kuna ftu zengi esta abamba. So, what have you been up to? Because the last time when you were here, you went back to the States. Ya. So, what's good? What's good? Nime kwa ni kire liz. Mangoma na ni kwa ni kyu, kwa sumo jisei na akun 2ku push brandi angu. Ngaku get a wider audience. And to get to a pointi enye. na, na penetret ni markete oku and piyoko in the, in the states. Ya, so that's, you know, now I call it off eventually maybe na compile, maybe ni compile AP or an album. We're waiting for that. Big up. Na sasata ni kuleze ni, ni, uh, what can I call it? Ni ni nuna ningumu sana, ni neneza kazi amtuku ingia, the markete Kenya sasa, as an outsider. You're not truly an outsider, but you're coming into the market. It's like, uh, Vilea Mistaizia na zengia uku, kwa Kenya market. Ono na ni ni neneza kwa ena kazi amtuku ingia? Your question is tricky. Because, um, I feel like, kama tungiku kwa, unazokasa utarfi kwa na chezaga more of their music, kwa media and everything. I think tungiku kwa na push more of our music, then kwa easier for, kwa kuna talent, umu nene na zua, very many people in Niazulikani. So kama tungiku kwa na push more of our music, as in si semi ati zingini ni si chezue, kwa so, that's the beauty of Kenya, which I think in a gift and a castle at the same time, kwa stuko diverse. But atua wene musema kwa katambi, tunde north lakini trudi, trudi home bad, home ni ii. So was dua. I don't need to stress, to stress kizuzu ni nai jasim baya, to the lakini to prioritize na. That's it. Kwa sababua, thank you. Into that type of thing. Na sheng kwa. Those beats na fanya bodi na move. But then let me ask you this, have you ever been tempted to go that short, because kumeku na a certain type of popularity with rap music squeezy, more English rappers within Kenya? As in... Ha, ni ia unji Kenya wana fanya. Actually, nisha fanya nga maka, but you know dua authenticity na fiil ni kaha ikwa, kwa so dua niko, kwa so na dua kuna atuengi wana fanya zongoma in that sense to me, outside of Kenya, to me say in America, so it's like already na compete na how, na what makes you unique. Kwa so na dua music, it's a universal language regardless of... Where you come from, what you speak. Yeah, what you speak. So it's like your authenticity up on dugu yon doktu atu tafta. So ata teme, ata teme ftikakata mbe kuna kuna madaflanu fanya zumba, Samo in Miami, yeni hadzuik, so hee lani ni, but hee zoni ngoma zina mba mba. And yon doktu sayili ni push towards, ni stick na what is authentic to me, what is...  Ah, I like that, because... Okay, I get what you mean. It's like they're stealing someone else's flow. Not really stealing, as in kuzo dua muse magad, there's nothing new kufi face of it.  Then you emulate. Yeah, there you go. So bach na feel ni ka, at the end of the day, what makes you authentic, what makes you represent palu na taka, kuzo na dua, saite me, me, especially based in the states, ni ye kwa na rapka, aw, already upon a compete na a million people. And waki nuli za saia story hangu. O dua, ita makes sense, ni ki anza kwa mbin, ni ki anza kwa mbin o story na different, ni ni nene, I feel, I got 20 kuango. Mi yon dua ni kwa, na before it, the thing is before nili kwa na isa, andika more in English than Swahili, then with time, kaji funza. Ya, afika kwa the reverse asa. Ya, bach na isa fanya both, but I feel like it's more authentic, it's more accepted, we don't have to accept more. Uki fanya na shen, stays true to where you are from. With that regard, how would you describe your genre? Mrs. Gibox. How would you describe, kwa wuki kwa skia cha, kata ambi, they are very different. Initially, ni nge sema, ni nge sema tu feel good music in a sense, kwa inisha ni nge sema, nili kwa kind of boxed in certain beats, but thanks to producers kwa waidaka na gigs, waka ni push, kutoka kwanza kufkiriya outside the box, at this point, as in, mi mu waga nili, mu waga open na sema, kisa, whatever beat, whatever flow ni nge zanini na na experiment na ya. So, sii ni sema, ni na genre pa se, ni nge sema tu feel good music. Feel good music. Awesome stuff. So, before we get to the track that you hear to promote today, I want to talk about gigs and widaka. What's a good relationship in music. So, he's going to be involved. What's in stock in the e- E-Pee just expects anything and everything, kus the good thing, the good thing of working with gigs he's very versatile. So, haiko box, haiko ile, kus ukiskiya, yendali, pretty much, other than juli, when widaka will produce, I'll produce all of my work and everything is different. As in, tumikuwa na relationship for 10 years so it's life. Sii waga tu ni anakuza ida na mumbi oki this is what I'm thinking, the idea you're going to have. Ya, I'm behaving, then we just bounce ideas a lot. It's easy. It's very easy to work with him. That's the main thing, kus your growth, wadzo mi, mu sema, I grow every day, wadzo. As in this, kif kia pointin ko comfortable then, kuna shida. Ya, so I grow every day and that's my main thing, kuh grow. Ya. Storia kusainiwa, would you be interested? Because a lot of people wana kwa gana sema, in Kenya I don't want to be signed, I just want to release singles. Kuna zashi kilapata fadali? Santi. Kusainiwa. Gigza kisema, ok, now I'm signing. Would you do it? Of course. Kani gigza ya. Kani gigza. Kani gigza, kus wna zwa, visionietu imetokambali, as in, yen imetok na zelewana, nana zwa visionia, muna minalia visioniake. So, I can't hear ya sa, but anybody else, then it has to be something ina makes sense, na tuna discuss, but at this point, I don't think so. Ya. So sa, this Katambe. Aha. Kama kama kama Katambe. Katambe, wut wami abut Katambe? What's the inspiration behind the song? Katambe, justo, big shout out here. Tulko kwa studio. Then Tulko na vibe too and gigza kame kio bit. Then I was thinking of wuna zwa kawasani, people, watu wana naga the product, the final product, watu onagi, what's behind the scenes, and that's in any, any atagini, wana zwa watu wana zwi, what it takes before it will be kept wana tu, kukwa TV. So the main idea behind the song nile, okay, utuna faku ku consider that there is so much behind the scenes. So, to shikan emkono, to push each other. So the main, the main ini behind Katambe likuwa. Wacha goma za Kenya. Zitambi. Zitambi instead of kuzikazia.  Nani noma? Katambe, hote nezaku getopi on social media because he, I'll be the first one to pop it by the way. Shukran, shukran. So what can we get it on social media on YouTube? Where can we subscribe? YouTube, Sassabasi, iTunes, Sassabasi, Spotify, Sassabasi, Kila Tun, Sassabasi, Kila Mali, S-A-A, B-A-S-I. Yeah. What's the issue? It's a New Year's show, so we're sending out shout outs. Do you have one? Or two or three or four? Nakada. I laugh. Big shout out to Broangu, Sistasangu, Nepiwangu, Niswangu, Tesh, Oredo, Kilauntu, Otoakambas. We are Kilauntu, Kilauntu, Kilauntu. Awesome, awesome stuff. That was Sassabasi on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube, SoundCloud, Zote. Zote. What's up? Nambam tapai. Muya tako DM ya ke. Atako ambi ya uko. Nizam pata ko. Sassabasi. This is Katambe.


Hi and welcome to the session. Let us discuss the following question which says in figure A D is equal to 4 centimeters, B D is equal to 3 centimeters and C B is equal to 12 centimeters. Find cot theta. Before moving on to the solution let's recall that for any angle theta cot theta is given by base upon perpendicular. This is the key idea that we will use for this question. Now let's move on to its solution. First of all let us see what is given to us in the question. We are given that A D is equal to 4 centimeters, B D is equal to 3 centimeters, C B is equal to 12 centimeters and we need to find cot theta. Now here angle A C B is given to be theta, angle A B C is a right angle and angle A D B is also a right angle. So that means triangle A B C and triangle A D B are right angle to triangles. So first of all consider the right angle to triangle A D B. So in right triangle A D B angle A D B is a right angle that means A B is the hypotenuse. So we have A B square is equal to A D square plus B D square by Pythagoras theorem. Now let us substitute the values of A D and B D. So this implies A B square is equal to A D square that is 4 square plus B D square that is 3 square centimeter square which is equal to 16 plus 9 centimeter square that is 25 centimeter square. Thus A B will be equal to 5 centimeters. So here we have A B equal to 5 centimeters. Now consider the triangle A B C. So in right triangle A B C we know that cot theta is equal to base upon perpendicular. So that means here cot theta will be equal to base that is B C upon perpendicular that is A B which will be equal to 12 upon 5. Thus cot theta is equal to 12 upon 5 is the required answer to this question. With this we finish this session. Hope you must have understood the question. Goodbye, take care and have a nice day.


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