We get a lot of questions about our front porch welcome signs How do you do it? How'd you do it with the wood? How'd you do it with the vinyl? Well, we're gonna show you our three favorite methods for making our front porch welcome signs And we'll show you how we do it right now. Oh my god What is up a welcome back do like to do it build it or make it We do too and we do it every week This week we're making three versions of a front porch welcome sign with a little independent flavor Little fourth of July and we're gonna use three methods. We're gonna go awesome better and best We're going cricket cheap five dollar version Then we're gonna go X carve With like a wider version Like using three pickets wide And in the last one, we're gonna try a one by 12 and using our glow forge Sign number one the one we're doing with the cricket five dollars. We needed one gothic picket With pointy top feels like a dollar forty two and we needed to a dog-eared pickets. These were like a dollar seventy two I'm not good at math, but that's like five bucks each We're just gonna chop down this gothic picket we're gonna get two pieces at eleven and a quarter Don't you want to make sure you're just gonna you bury chest of it Eleven and a quarter Now if you don't have a pocket saw you can always use the one at the Hovering Crimin store over in the trim area It'll take a little bit elbow grease, but it works Time for some gorilla glue We're not even gonna nail it. We're just gonna use this gorilla glue a little bit of little gorilla glue a little bit of time Bond it right together just like nails. We're going three and a half inches from the top and Two and a half inches from the bottom Don't go too heavy because this stuff gets puffy Now we're just gonna clamp it down two hours We'll wait remember how I said it gets all puffy You see that you see that right there that puff We'll puff see we'll puff on the back to my face getting real close to Kim's face Sorry, babe. I didn't see you there So we just use this little teeny spatula it chips right off and done so it was never there Now we're gonna paint we're gonna use this white bear chalk paint Just give it a coat give it a coat Yes, so this bear chalk paint comes from Home Depot And the great thing about this is if you want chalk paint in a larger quantity You can get it in this quart size mixed in any color that you want So we just got one of these mixed up in white because we use white chalk paint all the time a lot of it Yes, so home Depot Not a sponsor no, but hit me up home Depot, but you should be All right, I don't even need to quit We just want a good coat on Yes, lots of times most of the time we stain these but with this one We're gonna do the red white and blue Independence Day theme so we're gonna start with a white base. I wanted to mention the sanding So a lot of people ask questions around whether or not we sand these boards Sometimes we do and sometimes we don't sometimes They're already they're always pressure treated, but they're super smooth and nice and all you have to do is stain it or paint it But sometimes like these boards they were very rough very rough So we did a quick sand smooth it out a little it's still pretty rough. So it doesn't have to be perfect It's gonna be a front porch sign But we just sanded them a little so the paint goes on easier and it doesn't like tear up your brushes And you'll get a better seal on your stencil with your Mod Podge It won't be so rough. So you won't get any paint that slips underneath that stencil Next step create our stencil using our Cricut. I Created an SVG actually Garrett created it for me in Adobe Photoshop or illustrator illustrator illustrator and so I just imported that SVG into design space and then I Ungrouped all of the letters and stars and then grouped what would fit on a 24 inch mat So some of them are 22 some of them are 19 and I think one of them is 24 or something like that So I just kind of grouped what would fit on the mats that we have and then I have three stencils Now we have all of our stencils cut and transfer tape applied Okay, so now we have the transfer tape on top and we'll start peeling off the back of our stencil leaving the adhesive part exposed Remember keep it tight. You need a tight peel You want to keep it folded? Folded tight enough so that the vinyl doesn't want to come with the backing This stuff is also really great for reuse the transfer tape. You can save it and use it again Again So I know you guys have heard us say this a hundred times now, but the number one trick with Stencils on this rough wood is to Mod Podge the stencil first Now I've had a couple of people say that the Mod Podge Didn't work so great for them and I'm not really sure if They're adding too much Mod Podge And it's getting too wet. It's just a thin coat. Yes, just a thin coat You just want to get it right up against that vinyl And let it dry just a little bit so it creates a barrier for the paint Oh Yeah, I hope we have enough paint. All right, let's give you a brush before it dries.  I'm doing blue. America's in blue. Okay Well, yes, I'll do bless in red and then we'll do God in blue given that There's a lot of blue down here already. Yeah, that was not the original plan. Just saying it Where's my mock-up over here that I drew up? Oh, no, we mocked it up. That was blue. So lucky for you. All right so We have a surprise for you guys at the end Gonna be a good surprise We'll show you at the end We're gonna remove the stencil now The paint isn't completely dry, but it's almost dry the tricky part here is Not touching the white again.  It looks pretty good. Oh, except for one thing. We'll show you guys Did you notice it? You have to you have to guess what it is. We'll show you at the end Sign number two We just need four of the gothic pickets and they're $1.42 each Again, I'm no mathematician, but that's like five dollars and sixty-eight cents Just so you know, he just asked Alexa before we hit record $1.42 So we're just gonna cut one of these down We need two sections. That's 12 inches Three of these all together are 12 inches And then we're gonna trim three of them down to 67 inches It's just past the curve Now we're just gonna glue down These 12 inch little pieces to the backs of the board And then tack them down with a three-quarter inch bread You could use the gorilla glue like we did on the last project But this one you won't have to wait for the glue to dry The nail not the guy. Oh, I'm sorry. I ruined your job We're going to paint them red white and red And we're going to put blue at the top, but I was going to paint them before we assembled them So we were overzealous. So now it's going to be a little tricky It paint looks great. It does. It really is pretty and love it. Now we need some letters So I'm going to take this quarter inch sheet of mdf Two foot by two foot down to the cnc machine and I'm going to carve out our letters and some stars I'm back with our little mdf letters. They look so cute I'm going to take these out and spray paint them black I am not going to try to get the paintbrush and each of these little nooks and crannies Yeah, that's what I was just going to say. So to make the paint job a little easier He's going to spray paint them. All right. We're back. We got our letters all painted Our stars are all painted Looking a little shiny It's okay. I told him we weren't painting a car It should have been some sort of spray chalk paint He's got the high shine lacquer finish on these Yeah, I wanted him to pop I mean, where's the bling? Right, okay All right. So now we're going to glue them down and then pin them with a five eighths inch Brad the nail not the guy Looking good Sign number two sign number three This one is probably the most expensive because the one by 12 that we're using Is like 17 dollars for an eight foot board That's the most expensive backing that we've used. Yes And we're using the glow forge. That's an expensive piece of equipment and we're using some one eighth inch mdf But this one should be the coolest. I'm hoping This one is the coolest. It should be have the most detail to it The most pop So, uh, we'll see first thing we're going to do is Paint this thing red We already had this piece of scrap. So we didn't have to We didn't have to we didn't have to We already had this piece of scrap so we didn't have to go off and spend 17 dollars, but uh Just so you know, it's cheaper with the pickets. Yes, it is I almost chose to just do this one with the pickets, but since we had this board And given the design that we're going to use we just decided to go with it And we're just coming in with the same red paint.  I'm going to add some blue masking tape to them I can't let the masking tape overlap. Otherwise the laser won't cut all the way through. That's how sensitive it is I'm going to throw it in the glow forge and I'm going to cut it out. All right. Everything's back from the glow forge Everything's painted. Remember, it's all painted underneath here. We're just going to glue it to the board All right, we have all the little painters tape off. It's all laid out It's already popping But now we're going to lay it down permanently with some of this clear This says leave it for two hours to cure In like 24 hours for a total cure But uh, what you think? Three of them Do you guys notice what was wrong with this one right here the cricket one? Huh, did you notice? Did you notice? Yeah Leave us a comment down below if you figured out what it was So which was your favorite? the cricket The x carve the 3d letters the mdf Or the glow forge. Oh, look at that glow forge. I bet you guys can guess which one's mine We're going to put this svg up in our store and we're going to include the unfinished kits for the welcome letters And uh, this 4th of july cut out Remember to join us on patreon for any extra content like outtakes like Somebody's blue paint might have exploded These guys right here get to see all that kind of stuff and we'll see you next week where you and I will do it Build it or make it again


This paper proposes a novel approach to monitoring and estimating the capacity of a lithium ion battery online in satellite applications. It extracts a health indicator, HI, from the operating parameters of the battery, which can then be used to quantify battery degradation. Additionally, the gray correlation analysis, GCA, is employed to evaluate the similarities between the extracted HI and the battery's capacity. This shows the effectiveness of using the HI for fading indication. An enhanced monotonic echostate networks and underscore monosin algorithm is also proposed, which incorporates a monotonic constraint into the adaptive degradation trend estimation process. Experimental results demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method in RUL estimation and degradation modeling for the satellite lithium ion battery application. This article was authored by Hytel Yao, Weixia, Yupeng, and others.


Hi everyone, Joe for jaspyscasewrakes.com coming at you with jaspys 15 box football mixer random team number two It says quick hit mixer. It's not actually that quick the hits are quick The break itself is not quite that quick, but big thanks to the hybrid the prison retail the obsidian team all the red Floods are what we're looking for and that obsidian should be really nice big big thanks to nobody Was too little too eager to start this break here big thanks to this group for making it happen Congrats to the people who won spots in both of those fillers The prison cellopax 38 and 39. Thanks to the people who bought their spots straight up as well big thanks to the teams and I probably did not put the spreadsheet name there. Let's get the spreadsheet name There's Wednesday the 19th 2023 All right now. Let's roll it. Let's randomize names and teams four and a five nine times each one two three four five six seven eight and Ninth and final time That Adam down at Peter after nine five and four nine times for the teams one two three four six seven eight And ninth and final time After nine we got the Eagles down to the Panthers All right, so Adam with the Eagles Chris with the Chiefs Tristan with the Commanders Yon with the Bengals Brian with the Raiders my Raiders Nicholas with the Packers Adam with the Rams Scott with the Jags Chris with the Bucks Nathan with the Cardinals Eric with the Vikings Chris with the Falcons Nathan with the Colts Nicholas with the Bills Chris with the Niners Brian with the Cowboys Raymond with the Browns Brian with the Jets Nicholas with the Patriots Mark with the Lions Nicholas with the Chargers Nathan with the Broncos Chris with the Titan Nicole with the Bears Scott with the Dolphins Reno with the Texans Chris with the Giants Brian tee with the Ravens Al Murdoch Seahawks and Steelers Jason with the Saints and Peter with the Carolina Panthers we're gonna sort Alpha ties by football team here and we're gonna pause video just for a little bit when we come back We're gonna see if there's any trades Then we'll have the break. So stick around. We'll see you on the other side All right, welcome back ladies and gentlemen. No deals were done. So this list Right here remains the same As it did in the previous screen here on a Wednesday the 19th 2023 July Thanks everyone for making this part of your day your hump day all right, so Got five ten fifteen boxers gonna go left to right. We'll start with classics first and we'll get into The prison retail then we'll finish off with the five boxes of obsidian Football from 2021 Rex, what's up?  They have disposable cameras back in the late 80s Say quant apparently mulling skipping the season ladies and gentlemen quote. I might have to a while Jets to wave Denzel Minns if there's no trade for the wide receiver Which I guess Kind of tanks the trade market already if you're telling everybody we're gonna release them anyway Unless the team's really desperate to get Denzel Minns Might not be a bad addition to some teams though classics I'm sure Daniel Jones would love to see Have to see say qua on here. There's Desmond Ritter nice rookie autograph for the dirty birds Chris with the ATL 23 out of 25 oh You should take that off eBay Rex wait wait until that situation contract situation is settled Unless you don't care about the price There's Brett Favre 25 Brett far with Packers edition going to Nicholas Christian Kirk For the Jaguar's 10 nice low number there and Sam Howell Scott II with the Jags The Sam Howell is gonna go to Tristan in the commander's nice rookie card there Brett Favre of course once again Packers for Nicholas Gilo saying Netflix finally cracking down in Sheridan County. We can't finish quarterback for a while. What happens? Do they do they suspend you for a while or what's the deal? They lock you out? It's Kenneth Walker to 15 and there's Tyquan Thornton to 75 I remember going to see the Yankees host the Giants with bonds playing Wow During pregame you got a ball from JT snow. That's a blast in the past JT snow And this guy's contract situation I figured out either Josh Jacobs classic beginnings Kenny Pickett Calvin Austin from 99 so both so all these Steelers going to Allen Murdoch got randomized the Steelers here Basically they track your IP and if you're not in the same household it locks you out for how long? Tyron Davis price to 99 Devonta Smith to 50 Locks you until you pay. Oh, I see I Think my sister and I share an account, but I think we do pay for the account that lets you have multiple accounts At least we better She manages it. Oh Rex has that sequan helmet up for a buy now 400 you're sure it won't go for more than that no matter how good of a season he has You don't think there'll be a price difference if he if he has an MVP caliber season Maybe wins the Super Bowl with the New York football Giants. I don't know if we have a 4k Netflix sure Yeah, I don't what is that just it's for streams and 4k. I Don't think I I do not have a 4k television You guys should get that Rex wishes you were at the time you rolled up to care a little bit more Now it's 12 and 30 12 13. Who's really gave baseball You don't care as much now. I think it's a retired player though. I'm not a not an active player I feel like the mark is more fluid for active players George Pickens to 99 we'll do I think these are all same teams though. We'll see are you saying you cared more about baseball when you're 12 and 13? I feel like I care more about it now than I did when I was 12 and 13 Yeah, no for everyone has a 4k TV. Yeah, I Don't have a 4k television. Do I need one? How how how crucial is it? I also watch a lot of content on my MacBook Pro My iPad which I feel like have pretty good resolutions on there I guess I don't really watch my actual television as much so I'm not felt a need to upgrade that oh You didn't care enough then I see I see Care to go to get camera go down take some autographs Zika Elliott 75 Matthew Stafford to 50 the Rams These are all also the same team sauce Gardner to 50 Not crew not many streams hers or 4k anyway, but 4k TV's just seem abundant now I guess I just haven't upgraded my TV since It's time to upgrade my TV Suppose I could just haven't felt the need to There's too many smart TVs out there stitch it works got It works. I take care of my electronics Although it is time for me to get a new cell phone It's been about four years What do they what do they say change it every two years every three years maybe If you're good with it, you can stretch out a telephone for four to five years But yeah smart TV the feeling that they force you to use their on-board technology. I'm like no sense on I don't want your smart TV functionality to be a regular TV 4k video games ruin it for you got it Supporting events are good and 4k though. Yeah, I suppose sports is where I probably want to want a little upgrade but I'm gonna play that many video games either so The necessity is not really there. Yeah chase as a 4k TV, but he's not paying for 4k channels It's Alec Pierce to 125 I guess we'll do a randomizer for that so that Jerome bettis to 75 Another transitions card right there and here's a John Mechie to 50. I got Devonta Smith It's 99 Got another Desmond Ritter this time. It's that's five out of five nice Chris with the Falcons got the auto earlier and now a five out of five timeless tribute card Desmond Ritter and All aboard the Big Hit Express Nice there's Mahomes to 75 Mahomes saying recently that his motivation and the team's motivation this season go back to back What does everyone think except for Gilo? He's a chief fan. He can't answer this question. Does that? Non-chiefs fans. Do you think that the chiefs can go back to back? Win this Super Bowl two years in a row hasn't been done since Patriots, I think maybe ten years ago Is Eli Mitchell at 99 for the Niners Chris M Ray Lewis to 35 Also, dude, I'd be a good for the hobby Gilo if Desmond Ritter does well Scott for whatever it's worth saying. Hey, there's still my favorite for winning next year, but probably not likely Yeah, there's a lot of parity in the NFL Makes it difficult Even more difficult than before We have we have Super Bowl odds out already we must right Super Bowl odds According to Vegas insider.com the The chiefs are your favorites according to Vegas insider.com according to most books Most of the popular books that MGM fandal drafting points bet Etc. Etc They're at plus six hundred six to one Next is the Eagles Most books have met seven to one Plus seven hundred and the bills Plus nine hundred and the Niners about nine to one ten to one depending on where you shop around Bangles about ten to one ish And the motivation that's the hard part. I mean it could be chiefs Eagles There's Travis Etienne junior to 99 Have the team have two teams face each other in the Super Bowl in consecutive years before That must have had has that happened Must have happened at some point No Someone look that up one out of ten. There's Elijah Moore No name right here Parallel to ten nice low number Jets Brian K Oh, maybe bills cowboys back in the what in the 90s Maybe there were a couple repeats there There's Kenneth Walker Another one for the Seahawks Alan Murdock Just Marquise Brown To 25 for the Cardinals Nathan Yeah, that's I guess that's pretty brutal for the bills It's Tyree kill to 50 Kyle Hamilton to 99 Got Tony Romo to 125 Got a mod sauce gardener 95 out of 99 Yeah, Scott's confirming bills cowboys 93 and 94 So Andrew luck to 50 All right final classics hybrid box coming up. All right fan duel has Odds for division winners. I'm sure other books to do too, but my quick Google search brought up fan duel first They pay for it As wise AFC East your favorite Plus 130 it's about one to one Buffalo Bills Followed by the Jets at plus 250 about two and a half to one Dolphins are about three to one Patriots about seven and a half to one who wins the division who wins the AFC East This year your early thought your pre Preseason thoughts, I guess training camp starts like in two weeks, right? So right around the corner feel like I put a I just put a little bit on the On the Jets winning that today. I feel like there's some value there plus 250 training camp starts this week Sooner than I thought crazy The year has gone by very quickly. It's Tyree killed For the dolphins to 75. Oh Maybe it's early for the Jets because they play in the Hall of Fame. I think you I think you may be right There's Austin Eckler to 25 for the bolts. That's gonna be from Nicholas. Oh You're in the practice on the 30th. Thanks. Oh, either way folks So it's around the corner camp is around the corner Terry Bradshaw to 99 Yeah, Scott's like man. John Towns got to figure out those turnover issues To place a bed at plus 130 There's a sky more to 125 another deadman Ritter Yeah, where do they practice the University maybe? Miles Garrett to 10 Cleveland is for Raymond Jason Jasmine might be an Adam's hood for the Jets Eagles game Are we all going Jason? Oh, buddy. He's gonna hook Jason up with a couple tickets Are we all are we crashing at Adam's house? It's quay walker to 50 Dion Sanders to 75 for Atlanta Jan saying sin see Holds our camp at Georgetown College in Georgetown, Kentucky Nice I don't know where the Raiders training camp is this year Are they still going back to the northern California maybe Breeze Hall at 10 All right, five boxes down 10 more to go We'll do these top bottom randomizers at the end of the break These are the same teams Now we're going to prism retail. What about the afc north speaking of the bangles Bangles are the favorites at plus 130 that ravens at plus 250 browns at plus 390 Steelers plus 470 Who wins the afc north? I guess it is going to be the bangles. I feel like I don't think is there value on uh If you're into this sort of thing or is there value in taking some other another team? The fce's I see some value taking the Jets I don't know if I see value here, right, I mean Browns maybe at plus 390 It's worth maybe a little The coffee money or something like that Gee though, still not confident in bangles the bangles offensive line Enough to cost them in the division though. I feel like they'll be all right in the division, but I wonder if that's going to be That's going to rear its head in the playoffs though Lamar come back here games thinking Could be some value at plus 250. What about the afc south? John likes the bangles with the division but over on Steelers win 10 wins FC south the jaguars are the are the heavy favorites at minus 155 Then it's the titans at plus 310 colts at plus 550 texas plus a thousand 10 to 1 Any thoughts there? That's jags right Jags and colts could win the division with a losing record colts or didn't colts could win the division plus 550 for the colts So that could be some good value if you're thinking colts could be in the running There's mark andrews. I think these black white checkerboard cards are exclusive to this retail set See if you can find some of the top tier rookies In that pattern Got dan marino green cracked ice not numbered James cook Yeah, gilo is interested in those colts odds Adam's going to put some on the cold only because you're a fan of them. That's I feel like that's decent value if Anthony Richardson is ahead of schedule You know, it's a pretty solid team. I feel like maybe underperform a little bit last year possibly due to quarterback play The division could be got And so far that seems to be the best value On the board at the moment. We haven't gone through all the other divisions yet, but it seems to be among the best value thus far The weird glue that kind of dried right there on that quay walker Gabe's thinking that that anti-richardson is the best rookie qb That would be good for the hobby Good for the colts another box Big lose thinking richardson currently highs upside Currently the best definitely not I feel like that's what it's one of the things they were saying about him coming into the draft that There's uh, you know, he's a raw player, but if molded properly Could be What about my afc west? Oh dear My raiders are 14 to 1 not good dead last Kansas City is the heavy favorite minus 160 Is there a value in any of these other teams chargers at plus 260? Denver's plus 700 to win the division My raiders are plus 1400 You got to put a little coffee money on the raiders, right? Just in case it all works In case it all clicks josh jacob has another amazing year The garofalo managed to magically stay healthy That defense starts to get whipped into shape What does everyone feel about the broncos? Sean Payton Russell Wilson, what are our thoughts there? Is that is that it? Sean Payton is the Is the key to unlocking Russell Wilson everybody else And most likely it's going to be the chiefs again winning that division Investment perspective though is I don't know if it's even worth taking the charger to broncos at that price May as well just go with the long shot Gilo's high on the broncos actually You think Sean Payton is the Is the difference maker there It's George Pickett's emergent Cracked ice The Carson strong Gilo is thinking Russell Wilson saying off social media and Sean Payton just a way better leader That's what they're hoping Soon as hack it left they look yeah That was a just a bad Choice and coach from the get-go. I mean he looked outmatched week one, right? All right. Let's move to the nfc What about who's got who do you have in the nfc east eagles are the favorites at minus 110 Cowboys are plus 175 new york football giants are plus 750 And the commanders are 10 to 1 plus a thousand anyone taking anybody else other than the eagles Anyone if you were to invest It's obviously it's not a binding agreement if you say it in chat Is there some value in the giants at plus 750? I'm bad with these futures. So don't listen to me, but it's fun to talk about Yeah eagles, but you're skipping that. Yeah, I would skip that division too, but if you had to choose You know forced to make a single pick I'm surprised. Maybe it's just because Dallas Cowboys are such a public team, but I'm surprised that they're plus 175 I mean has dallas resolved their I think tony pollard still has not signed a franchise tag I feel like they need some receivers The defense I think the defense is okay, but I don't know I guess there were 12 and five last year Are they really? I'm gonna say expectations from Cowboys fans for the Cowboys seem to be so high that Maybe sound like they had a losing season. I guess if you don't want to super rule it is losing season Yeah, it's got to be the eagles there All right next box And we got a silver Kenny picket rookie card. Nice. This is the kind of stuff we're looking for in this retail set Alan Murdoch with the Steelers. There you go, Alan Hopefully he has a good season. That'd be good for the hobby McCoby Dean green cracked ice nice little color match And then another Kenny picket non-silver Another retail box here. What about the eight eight? What about the NFC north? No clear favorite here. No one at everyone's got plus money here lions plus 145 Vikings at plus 270 Packers at plus 350 And the bears at plus 420 that seems to be Just at a glance. I feel like that's Sort of the from from first to worst in that division seems to be the tightest odds wise When's the last time the lions have been favored to win their division? Although it's been a minute or two Any any value anywhere? I think it depends if you believe in Jordan if you do Packers at plus 350 isn't isn't terrible at all Be good for the hobby. A lot of people probably been sitting on Jordan loves for a long time Or if they if you waited this long you might be rewarded He was going to get on the Vikings hype train They're still a good team Yeah, Vikings at plus 270 Not bad. I mean Lion could still lie in It's true Their cousins are still there you like that You like that Come on down and cook aren't they shopping down and cook? Or is that not true either shopping If they can get a good deal Might be too late. I mean I feel like Once training camp starts not a lot of trades are going down You're essentially learning a new language between each team with their playbooks. So You don't get a full training camp might not be Beneficial unless You're being traded to a team with Coaches that used to use the same language in their playbooks They call Jamal Williams. I think that's a pretty big blow There's a Kenny Pickett new recruits insert green cracked ice Steelers another one for Alan Murdock Speaking of cousins there he is You like that Be squaring off against Jared Goff throughout the season Chelsea rexham Can you imagine If you told rexham fans Three years ago That a friendly would be televised on espn stateside Of prism and then we're going to dive into the uh Into obsidian Let's go nfc south Saints plus 135 falcons plus 220 Carolina plus 330 Tampa Bay plus 700. This is to win the division. What does everyone think here? Anything jump out at you anything interesting? Yeah, nothing too interesting here for me It might be fun to sprinkle a little something a little coffee money on like The buccaneers or something or plus seven one See what happens Oh gilo is being swayed by the quarterbacks netflix show He thinks he wants to he wants to PC some Kirk cousins Yeah, that's definitely a nice little upgrade for the saints getting Derek Carr On that team. I feel like he really doesn't even have to do that much I think that's kind of when Derek is at his best Oh you found the alignment stick It's working on takeaway and backs for you Michael Could be a lightsaber I should have brought two you could have Oh Yeah, go run and grab some spray paint and spray paint another line mistake that I have and And we can place our wars When's the last thing in place to our wars Michael? Pretty recently Perfect bring him over Oh, no really You know you have to mind your surroundings Michael Who do you have for the British open? I think Rory can go two weeks and wow Wow between me nick and his brother none of us picked Rory Well, why would you do one last week? right You know, he's uh, I think he plays well out there. That'd be a nice story You might do a little Rory top five maybe Would you but Fleetwood Seems public seems squarish, but to take it anyway Nick and Alex Nick and his brother picked a shuffler This is prism football retail Yeah, the checkerboards I think are exclusive to this set Gave on the fence with the bucks mayfield could have a comeback year Yeah, maybe I think this is his last year right he gets the starting opportunity After that just going to be a backup forever Baker yeah, this is the last chance you think people are going to keep giving him starting jobs after this year All right last division just for your thoughts and this is this is uh, Michael Jaspy's division here NFC west Niners are the favorites at minus six one 65 And it's Seattle at plus Seattle's plus 200 Seattle plus 200 Then it jumps to the Rams plus a thousand ten to one And then it jumps again cardinals Michael's cardinals 24 to one taking the cardinals To win zero games this year. Wow. That's hard But they said pattern might be ready for week one. What? Yeah, really For the divisions, uh, Niners are the favorites saints lions eagles Kansas City Jacksonville bangles and Minus 155 I think they're the favoritists no Niners And uh, and jaguars are the favoritists. It's it's it's to win this And it's all David's going on. How am I going to watch the open? I'm going to watch it. Uh, half asleep most of the time. I think I think I should be able to kind of fall asleep to the early groups around one or two a.m LA time And then I'll fall asleep Then I'll wake up my usual time and probably catch the last few hours of the the late groups And then I just have to catch up on highlights in between I don't know if I have to go to the bathroom in the middle of the night I might might stay up for that might keep me up for an hour if I just have If I just have the the tv under my ipad next to me on Here's a Russell Wilson 18 out 25 Supernova remember this is 2021 I sold die cut for seattle that'll be for alan murdoch Is Yes, I will be Studio smith schuster the this is the red flood 26 Here I think in this from the studio We'll figure out if we need to move it else elsewhere My bedtime usually this depends on If adult beverages are or in play or not I could go to sleep as early as I'll probably get home around by the time I finish the stream at around 11 Clean up and close the store. It's by half an hour 20-minute drive home Gotta get home around midnight ish my time And then I could sleep as early as 1 a.m my time But usually probably up till 2 or 3 Is Aaron donnell do 25 Sometimes four four is actually a little too late Five I'm in trouble There's rams I see if I start seeing sun coming up It's gonna be a long day jaspies air clicks in the vikings And I try to get up anywhere between 10 a.m and Noon around that. That's my that's my window I try to get there try to get up a little bit earlier than 10, but No, it doesn't happen Yeah, I'll be trying to catch the the open The ojolari and Which is numbered in Dak Prescott to 26 Well like a Kenny Pickett or not a Kenny Pickett 2021 Trevor Lawrence like a Trevor Lawrence red flood. That'd be awesome All right a couple more boxes to go almost done with the break We've got another longer break coming up right after this. Here's a rookie Tommy Trembel to 26 Carolina That'll be for Peter. And so we'll have some time to talk about Talk about the golf The next break maybe talk about Talk about the women's world cups Talk more football if you want to more NFL if you want to basketball breaks, maybe hoops chatters JJ watt cartels edition go to Nathan All right, and the final box. Good luck everybody 2021 up city and football team all addition red flood parallels are the exclusives Used to work summer schedule. Yeah, it's I got used to it It's just I just have to get if I do errands. I just have to do them Before work not after work And here is a couple buccaneers cards nice, uh Tom Brady vitreous die cut That's going to go to Chris and the buccaneers And then his former teammate Mike Evans to 26 nice All right. Thanks everybody. That was the jaspy's 15 box quick hit football mix of random team break number two from jaspy's case breaks.com Let's run some randomizers. We'll do top bottom randomizers here and we'll randomize everybody's names for the wax party invite We are running out of those ladies and gentlemen. So get into those breaks All right, so let's flip back over here. Let's gather everybody's names one through 32 And then we'll do Top bottom randomizers right here as well one dice roll for both lists. Let's roll it randomize it five and one six times each one two three four five And a one six in final time goes to the top cards right there's our top teams We'll get those dual team cards And now the wax party invite fingers crossed everybody five and a one six times only one winner name on top after six one two three four five And a one sixth and final time So there's a lot of sad faces here especially spot two So close but just not quite chris m Just not quite appreciate you and everybody else giving it a go but after six name on top is scott e There you go scottie After six you are in The wax party. I'm joe for jazby's case breaks.com. Thanks for watching. Thanks for breaking with us and I'll see you next time for the next one. Bye.


Happy Saturday! Oh goodness, let's see if this will work. Hi, I just got out of the shower. My hair is all wet and such. And um, I'm gonna leave the house. It's very exciting. I'm heading to Sam's Club and I'm getting some things. I'll show you the hall later because I don't know what they're gonna have. You know what I'm saying? Um, but I've been messaging like kind of at the end of the week. I started messaging my friend Jessica. Um, I also work with her so she's been homebound just kind of like everybody else. So um, yeah, she needs a couple of things because we were trying to ship her some stuff that she needed. But the Sam's Club website wasn't working because I know like their website is super bogged down right now. So anyway, I just told her, I'm like well if we can't get it to work then I'll just go. Because I was gonna go anyway because a lot of the items that I wanted um, like I wanted like beverages and stuff. So like, I know that they don't ship those because they're just so incredibly heavy. So I told her, I said well if we can't get it to work by this weekend, I'll let you know when I'm going and then I'll just go drop it off because she only lives like 10 minutes away from the Sam's Club that I'm going to. So I mean and I live like, I don't know, like an hour away from Sam's Club. No matter what, it's not really a big deal to me. So anyway, I'm gonna go do that. I think we're gonna do a social distance hangout for a little bit. So probably hang out in like her garage or something. Somewhere where it's like, you know, five feet away, six feet away, whatever it's supposed to be.  So I'm just gonna put some wipes like on her stuff because I'm gonna put it like at her front door or wherever she wants me to put it and then she can wipe down her stuff and then bring it into the house. So, you know, you just don't want to contaminate. But the nice thing about Sam's Club is, is they have mostly registers and I haven't been to Sam's Club since this whole like pandemic thing started. So I'm not sure what it's gonna be like, but they have like a handheld like scanning gun. So I'm not really sure what that's gonna be like if we're just like sanitizing it after each use or I don't know. But I do have like regular sanitation wipes like in a tube that I'm bringing with me. That'll be in my car so I can like wipe down everything. And I also have some sanitation wipes that are in like a little cloth pack that will be in my purse. So if I need to I can wipe down the like gun or whatever. But I'm pretty sure Sam's Club has probably got it already figured out way before I ever show up. So anyway, yeah, I figured it'd be kind of fun to wear just a little bit of makeup today. So I have a little bit of tinted moisturizer and I've got all these fun zits on my face. So they're coming with and then I figured I would put a little bit of mascara on and I'm done. I'm done getting ready. So yeah, and also, let me find my hand stuff I want. Let's see, haha, this one, working hands. This stuff is really good by the way. What was I gonna say? Oh, this will be the first time I have to fill up with gas in like how long has it been? A month and a half? Probably six or seven weeks, I think. Yeah, so last time I filled up with gas was in February of this year and it's now April. So yeah, end of February because I got sick at the end of February with the flu and then I was home for quite a while. So yeah, and I think right now I'm only down to a quarter tank. But by the time I get home after driving around for so long, I'll definitely need to fill up. So I will do that probably on my way back home. So yeah, but I got, I have a few things on my list for sans that I want to get, but clearly I don't know what the heck I'm going to find. So you never know. I haven't worn perfume in forever. I wear, right now I'm wearing like a Jennifer Aniston rollerball. I got like a set of, I think it was like two or three rollerballs on Amazon. I can find them, I'll link them. But I don't know, I really like them. I like a more like musky scent than a, I don't know, fruity, florally scent. I don't know, that's just, that's just my thing. Okay, the dog is down here. He is going to want to go on a quick little pee pee outside quick. So we're going to do that. I'm wearing my twin sweatshirt, insert crying emoji face for all of the sports people out there. Only reason I got this is because at work we do a lot of sports things. We actually service like tons of sports arenas and stuff too. So I got it because it was like super, super neutral. And I got it at Target like two years ago, last year. Something like that. So anyway, alright, I'm going to take the dog out. I'm going to grab a bottle of water to take with me. And yeah, I will see you guys maybe at Sam's, maybe after Sam's. I'm not really sure. So I'll see you guys a little bit. Bye. Going in. Okay, so here is my haul. I've got pizza rolls, some rice, cereal. I've got my protein shakes. You guys can kind of see everything else. Alright, sorry I had to cut that short for a second. There was like a cart corral person waiting for my cart. And just like standing like right next to me. I'm like vlogging. He's probably like, what is this woman doing? Anyways, but y'all saw my trunk. That's what I got. Got a lot of things. But the nice thing is I won't have to go to like a regular store for a while. I do actually need milk. I wasn't about to buy... I did buy chocolate milk, but I don't go through even a half gallon by the time it goes bad. So I just didn't want to buy it here because it just seems like a waste. I'll go to another store at some point. But anyway, I'm going to go to Jessica's and drop off her tea. And have TP. She asked for tea and toilet paper. They had no toilet paper. They also had no napkins or paper towels at my store right now. I'm sure they had them this morning, but they didn't have any right now. And it's like forward to something. So anyway, alright, so I'm going to go to her house and chat for a little bit. And I'll see you guys in a little while. Bye. So just dropped stuff over at my friend Jessica's house and gave her a disinfecting wipe because that is necessary. So I am going to head home. I might stop somewhere and get some food because I am hungry. It's like 5.30 now. So yeah, I don't know. We'll figure that out. But I will see you guys in just a little bit. Okay, it is time. Do you see what time it says on here? 12.01. I'm a little loopy today or something. I don't know. So anyway, finally put most of the things away. I haven't put everything away yet, but whatever. It's 12.01. I'm going to bed. So anyway, I gotta turn the light off outside. I swear, it's like, you know, starting the dishwasher at the end of the day and like turning all the lights off. Like the hardest adulting things, I swear. Okay, Doyle has his pills. I have my pills. So yeah, I think we're good to go here. Glad I got out of the house today. Made me feel better. Oh, there's Doyle. Can't see him very well, but he's there. And yeah, so I have my bedding and the dryer at the moment. I just need to put some new bedding on the bed. I almost forgot that I wore makeup today, so I'm like, hmm, I feel like I feel like I got something stuck on my face. Oh wait, that's the makeup I put there several hours ago. But yeah, so it's time to get all the gunk off the face. Oh, and of course my battery light is flashing, so it's time to go anyways. But just wanted to say thanks for hanging out. I know this is probably a little bit of a, probably a shorter vlog. I did a lot of things, but, you know, I didn't want to be too weird at the store. You know what I'm saying? Just like, just weird enough.  So I'll see you then. Bye guys. Well folks, it's time to kick it old school.


Okay, so just going around the room again, we had Casey, Cameron, River, William, Dave, Travis, right? And then the professor in the background. Hi, what's up? How are you doing? Okay, so this is just a really cool meet and greet session that Travis and I set up. I've always wanted to come down to Dalton and talk to you guys, but we found this is way more convenient. But hey, if this works out well, I'll be also happy, you know, make the drive down there too. I think this is a really cool opportunity to be able to talk with you guys. I just want to thank you, you know, coming here and being willing to give me your time. I appreciate it. My name is Dr. Tyrone Knowles.  I got my PhD at Georgia Tech and my whole thing is street epistemology, which is just a fancy word for learning how to talk to people without sounding like a jerk. Trying to have conversations about really sensitive things without turning it into an argument or a debate. Really trying to have an engaging fun chat with people. My YouTube channel is called Let's Chat, and I will literally set up in the middle of parks or in churches, KKK rallies, if you will, political events, science fairs. And I have a sign, I think I just showed it to you guys, but I'll show it to you guys again later on. It's literally just a sign that says, let's chat about whatever you want. And I mean that. So people look at the sign and they're like, what's going on here? I'm like, I got a five minute timer. If you want to stay longer, that's cool. But I'm just here to talk about anything that you really strongly believe about. When you open up the door that way, most of the time people will come to you with the thing that they are deeply passionate about. And one of the major topics they bring up, I would say on the order of like 90% of the time is a religious belief. And personally, I don't subscribe to any religion. I don't believe in any God because I don't believe that calls me an atheist. I also don't know that any God exists. So I'm also at agnostic. So I have the agnostic atheist position. And I will talk to a lot of Gnostic theists, those being people who know that a God exists and also believe that a God exists. And I'll say, it seems like you have a very high level of confidence that you know that this God exists. Can we talk about the methodology that you use to get to that conclusion? And what I found was a really interesting way to have these really deep conversations about God beliefs for other people, such that when we get away, when we come like we dig down into the belief and we come right back up in about five minutes or so. And by the end of the talk, the people are much less confident about the methodology that they're using to arrive at their God. If it turns out they're using a reliable methodology, I'm totally fine for it because I want to know true things. But in the event that we both realize that the method that they're using to reach their God conclusion is not true, valid or fallacious, they are willing to disband that belief. Substantially so. I've had people completely change the agnostic position by the end of the conversations. I've had repeat talks where people were willing to say, you know what, I'm going to stop believing in this for now, but I'm going to keep looking. And in my opinion, that's one of the best ways to go. Like I said, I don't have the answer. I don't know. But I am willing to say that I want to have good reasons to believe in things that I do believe in. And I can help people to at least realize when they have bad reasons. And just as a quick overview, I guess this is like the preamble to the intro. Sorry about that. I'm kind of long winded. But if you guys want to interrupt me, if you guys want to say anything, this is a back and forth conversation. I'm totally fine with it. Feel free to say anything. I'm literally just in my living room right now. My cat's playing with some cat toys I just got from. We're chilling right now. I got Pete's in the background where I'm ready to go. But like I said, my name's Ty. I have a hobby where I want to talk to anyone about anything. The reason why I had that hobby or reason why I developed it was when I was at Georgia Tech getting my doctorate in biochemistry. I went through this really weird transition because I started grad school as a theist. It's definitely a diehard Christian. But when I was going through my academic experiences, I was realizing I was getting better answers for things that I believed in rather than just statements that I had to believe. Like, how would I put it? Explanations. I was getting explanations for the things that I believed to be true rather than just answers. And these explanations were beginning to raise my standard of evidence that I required for stuff. So it wasn't just a matter of taking things on faith. I began to start having a lower appreciation for taking things on faith and a bigger appreciation for saying, hey, I don't know the answer for this. I think that's the best answer for right now until I have better conclusive evidence. When I applied that to my religious belief, that was a bit of a struggle because I had my entire life of just, hey, don't question this. This is your insurance card. You're good to go. You're going to heaven, baby. It's going to be great. It's cake and ice cream for the rest of eternity with all your family and stuff.  Let me see what that thing says. And I'm like, oh, there's no back on the card. It's blank. There's no card. Let me look through this. So basically through the process of beginning to question how I come to understand things and rising my level of standard of evidence, I realized that the standard of evidence that I have for my religious beliefs were lacking. And that was a foundational change for me because I'm like, oh my gosh, I need to tell everybody, right? And I was surrounded by a lot of Christians and other kinds of theists in my research group as well. And they were not necessarily as receptive to the first ways of explaining that. I was like, hey, guys, you know, this is a completely fake. Look at this. Can you believe that? They didn't like that. It's like, look at the evidence. Boom. There you go. They didn't like that either. You know, I tried, I had some shows I was watching on YouTube, like Atheist Experience. There was like, you guys know about the Atheist Experience? Okay, great. Turns out when you corner someone on a logical fallacy about something that's really important to them, it's not a very good way to convince that person. Maybe some audience members, sure. But that person will more or less just say, I'm not going to deal with you anymore and just walk away. So when that happened enough times, I started to feel like there was a wall between myself and the people around me, loved ones, family members, colleagues at work, even strangers. It just felt like there was this unapproachable wall that was just keeping me from having meaningful communications with other people. And I was looking for a method to be able to talk to anyone about anything. And that's when I found out about street cosmology. The way I heard about it was during a meet-up group. I joined a local Atheist group. I highly recommend social groups like the ones you guys are in right now. But I joined Atheist Society of Knoxville, Ask. And I was there at the meeting, and I was talking to some of the Atheists, and I always had this hobby of like, when someone says, oh, I turned into an Atheist, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah. I'm like, why did you turn? When did you turn? What was the thing that convinced you? And they're like, hey, all these questions that you're asking is kind of like this guy on YouTube who's just like asking people why they transition out of faith. And I'm like, what does this guy do? He literally just approaches people on the street and asks them why they believe in God. I'm like, that stresses me out. I don't want to have anything to do with that. But I did check out the videos. And it turned out this guy was working on a non-conferential way to do that. And when I saw enough of his videos, I was thinking, OK, there's a really cool methodology or a mindset to having these really important conversations with people in a way that doesn't turn the conversation into an argument or a debate. And that was one of the key things that I was messing up all the time. I was wondering, what is it that I am doing that I can modify so that I could be more closely aligned with having a more productive conversation? And the thing that I figured out, oh, my cat's in the background. Can you guys hear it? His name's Vinny, by the way. He's a really great cat. He can walk. He can shake my hand. He can roll over. He's a really great cat. Yeah, yeah. Oh, I got videos. You're on my YouTube channel. You can see them all. But basically, when I'm having a conversation, the thing's called street epistemology. What does street epistemology mean? Street and street epistemology just means an informal process. You can do everything on the street. You can do it indoors. You can do it over the internet. Epistemology, though, is more of a reference for the study of how we come to know things. So if you want to think about it, like, I might know that it will rain tomorrow, but the manner of how I got that knowledge is the epistemology of the belief. Did I open up a fortune cookie and just read the fortune and it said it was going to rain tomorrow? Did I look at a weather report? Did I have a dream and just came to the belief that, hey, it's going to rain tomorrow based on that? There are different kinds of epistemologies to arrive to what we would claim knowledge or a knowledge claim. And the question is, which of those is more reliable? And shouldn't we take the most reliable method to get to our mostly important beliefs, the beliefs that are most important to us? And so what I found was that there's three different aspects. If you want to think about it, think of like three different circles, one, two, three, one, two, three in a line. The first is like the person. The last circle is the conclusion that they have or the conclusion that they reached. And there's a circle in the middle that connects the two, and that's the method that they use. That's the method that the person uses to arrive at their conclusion. The cool thing is, if I ask questions about the person or if I targeted my questions toward the person, well, why do you believe that? Why do you think that's so important? Don't you know that this could be wrong? When you do that, you strap the conversation down because people invest a lot of ego in themselves, and they'll take those questions personally as they should. But when you ask questions that target the method or the conclusion, the conclusion that they have directly, they will also respond in very much the same way as a personal attack. And that's because it's not a straight line those three circles are in. It's really an overlapping of those first two circles and then maybe like a circle where the methodology is at the bottom. I'm going to try to explain that one more time visually just so we're all caught up. But like that line where you have the person and the conclusion, overlap those two because they're basically the same thing in the person's mind, whereas the methodology is sort of just in this realm all by itself. And the reason why you know the person and the conclusion are so closely related is because of how people explain their conclusions with a tightly related identification of saying things like, well, I'm a Baptist, I'm Baptist. Like you'll hear that before you even know the person's name. I'm Jeffrey. No, it's like now I'm Baptist, right? I'm a Yankees fan. I'm a knucklehead. There's a lot of different ways that people identify with their conclusions to the point where if you challenge the conclusion, they'll actually be responding in a way as if you had targeted them personally. And that shuts the conversation down, sets up all their personal guards, makes them less willing to consider critically how they arrived at the conclusion. What's interesting is that methodology at the bottom, that lone methodology, if you talk about that, if you target your questions toward the methodology, there's much less ego invested there. And as a result, you have this opportunity to actually have a person slowly think about how they arrived at their conclusion. And if it turns out that the methodology is not reliable, one of two things will happen. One, they'll either completely get rid of that methodology and replace it with a better methodology. And I think if there's other atheists in the room, if there's atheists in the room, wherever you are, that's a good thing because we should always be on the lookout for better methodologies to arrive at our conclusions. But in the event that they can't find a better methodology, what they'll end up doing is get rid of the methodology altogether. And what you end up doing is disconnecting that connection between the person and the conclusion. And they will naturally get rid of the conclusion entirely on their own. Street epistemology is about changing people's minds. You don't have the ability to do that. But you can empower them to realize that they need to change their own mind. And when they don't have a methodology to arrive at their conclusion anymore, it happens automatically. It happens maybe in a couple of days, maybe in a minute. But it's something that is what we call a pebble in their shoe. It is something that they will be walking around with until they figure that out. When they realize, hey, I don't have a good reason to believe this. That is way more impactful than, oh, this guy doesn't like my belief or this guy doesn't like me. When he says, hey, he showed me that this reason that I have to hold this belief isn't valid anymore, that is foundationally changing to a lot of people. And what we would encourage, the only thing that we're, what I'm looking for is I guess more people who are aware of that method of talking to people such that someone who's just had a conversation with a person who without a camera set up, without a table set up, without a YouTube channel, just had that conversation with them, maybe at a party, maybe at work, maybe, you know, just like in an elevator, whatever. When they go to the next person to talk to, that person will kind of be aware of the situation and maybe continue to help them fruitfully consider their questions as well. There are people who are like, I guess, maybe religious who will try to like reinvest them back into the faith if they were walked away from the faith. But it turns out to be the case that if you are willing to allow the person to think on their own and let them utilize their own faculties to realize, hey, I don't have a good reason to believe this. When they go to the religious person and they ask those same kind of questions, they're going to get unsatisfying answers. And what you want to do is help them just realize what good answers look like, what bad answers look like. Don't tell them what the good answers are. Don't tell them what the bad ones are. Just say this is what the standard is for the thing that you believe to be true. You should keep looking for stuff until you meet that. And until we meet it, maybe I don't know it's the best answer. And that's totally fine. It might exist. The God might exist. But you should at least be open-minded to the idea that this is the most important belief that you have. You should at least have a good standard of evidence for that. Let me do, I guess, two more quick things. There's a really, really, really cool video that I'd love to show you. That's also my YouTube video that shows an example of what street epistemology looks like when you use it versus when you don't use it. Travis, if I sent you that via a tech... I'd be a lot freer if people like you were put in prison as retaliation for the collective crime of racism, anti-Semitism, misogyny, and homophobia. God blesses me. You're judgmental. How do you deal with shame in your life? Perpetrate this every day by telling people what their rights are and what they aren't. People like you start to ruin this world. You're judgmental. Christians are responsible for slavery. You know why you're getting upset about it? I'm getting upset because you are stepping on the right. There are thousands of miracles. This is a freedom to me. You're judgmental. You are lost in a fantasy. It's an appreach to word. Preach what?  Sir, you can't spit on me, sir. Well, I know this. I could look at that sun, I could look at the sky, I could see the trees, and I know there is life. So if there is life, there has to be a creator of life. No, there doesn't. All you have to do is provide evidence. Can you provide evidence? I'm about to. Okay, right here. That's me. Bob was about evidence. Bob was about evidence. Who caused it? Listen, that's the key point. I can set you right. I know what you're saying. I can set you every time. But of course you know what I'm saying.  You know that how old are you? You don't have to believe it if you don't know it. If you don't know it, then think about it. Do you think God gave you the right to do it? Again, how do you deal with the new breaking the law of God? How do you deal with that? How do you deal with this delusion of yours? There's some invisible man in the sky sitting on a cloud of dry down bolts of lightning. Well, it's not just that. So you don't believe that Jesus walked the earth? No! The precious are responsible for slavery! Absolutely. It's a mock. Yes, that's exactly what I mean. Mock your religion into extinction. That's exactly what it should be. There's no way you're going to be able to do it. It's already happening. It's already happening. So you have to. It's not a fairy tale. It's a fairy tale. I'm a born-again Christian. Oh, born-again. Baptizing Jesus' name. Who do you? Phil with the Holy Ghost. Jesus, who? It's God who works in me. Jesus, who? It's a false law. It's not true. It is wrong. Is he right next to you, or are you holding his hand? Yes, I am. Oh, you need some medication, my friend. Hitler! Who designed God? You're caught in a trap now. It's a logical trap where you would listen.  You're ignorant, man. I use reason and logic. Can I take it? The Bible is no more proof than God exists, then a comic book is no more proof than Superman exists.  You need Jesus.  Thank you very much. You're welcome. You're judgmental. It's not going to be a two-way conversation. There's no point. Why? Why? It's easy as a turnover. What is interesting here actually is that we've got people from different faiths and who all believe in some kind of heaven in a different sense. But every single one of them believes in this heaven on the basis of faith. And faith, by definition, is believing in things without evidence.  Whoa! Ouch! Okay. So that was a lot. Those clips that you saw kind of very much mirror the conversations that I was having before I learned how to have these productive conversations with people. Some things to note. There are a lot of different philosophies with regard to how to communicate with people, particularly on faith. There's like the whole, well, I have the facts deal with it, you know, attitude. A lot of times though, the way how those guys were talking to people was always a personal attack, or could be interpreted as a personal attack, rather than one that's focused on that methodology that I was referring to before. And so you'll see that I was like, how do you, how can you believe this?    And they don't want to have a productive conversation with someone anymore. And you can still get them to think about how they arrived at their conclusion, still get them to leave the bad methodologies or like bad fallacious arguments that arrive. But there's a good way to do that. The other guy, for example, was like, haha, I use a logical trap on you, and now you're caught. And do you see how you're caught? People don't care. And they have a faith that they, when they're using faith or basically magic or like meditation or whatever, it feels good to them. They're not going to care about the logical argument that you're presenting. They're using a different sets of their minds to like arrive at that conclusion. You're going to have to like help them to see it. You can't just present it to them. You have to like work with them to get there. And that is only possible when they're open-minded on that idea. Yes, so yeah, just have this hobby where I chat with people about anything. Is there a particular belief you want to chat about? Is there what? A particular belief that you want to chat about. Something you really think is true. Christianity. Yeah. All right, anyway. Yeah. TIE is my name. I've got a five-minute timer. We can talk about anything. Is there anything that strongly motivates you? Anything that you think is true? God. God? Yeah. That's a heavy topic. You want to talk about that for five minutes? Sure. Yeah? Yeah, I can talk about. I mean, my background is Christianity. I was raised Southern Baptist. I believe in God, so that would be the thing I'm the most certain about. Okay. First, got to get a sense of your confidence that God exists, setting a scale from one to ten? Ten, ten for sure. Ten.  Okay. 95. 95. All right. Very confident. From, like, zero to 100%. 100%. 100%. You don't need any more evidence. You're absolutely closed on the position. You think that's absolutely true? Yep. Okay. 100%. What got you to that 100%? Really, well... So, I go to a Christian school, and I've learned, I've taken a bunch of classes on theories and all these different things, and it just makes sense to me. It kind of, like, hits home. I, and for me, it's just a meditation thing that I realize that it's just a full-on total goodness of the earth, all the plants. I believe that there is something that has been working on my behalf in this universe. Whatever is here had to come from somewhere. Okay. It's hard to imagine coming from somewhere without some sort of first cause. Okay. Yeah. I know it's hard to think that, yeah. Okay. Okay. How does something making sense to you relate to the actual truth of it? Like, could someone actually be mistaken about a belief that makes sense to them? Yeah, I think they could. Okay. That is a very good point. I would say... So you, oh, that's an interesting perspective. So you believe that, wow, I've never ever heard that before. Well, that's an interesting, you know, we've come around to an interesting point that I never verbalized to myself before, but I do see that, you know, I'm starting to see just from this discussion. And the benefits I get from it? Right, right, right. Yeah. That's good. Yeah. That's a good perspective. I would like to believe it if it's true. Right. But because nobody can question it, nobody can prove it. You can't prove faith. You can't prove any of these things. It's like, why am I believing this? Hmm. You may be onto something, man. Yeah, so... That's powerful stuff, man. Yeah, it's just stuff to think about maybe. Yeah, absolutely. Thank you for that. That's really enlightening. I never thought about it like that. That's true. Right. That's a good way to look at it. I like to think about it that way. Anything that puts you in a more reasonable position. Good try. Hmm. Well, thanks. Yeah? All right. Have a good evening. It was good chatting with you. Good chatting with you as well. All right. Have a good evening. Have a good one. I think you're really, really good at this. I'm just worried that, you know, there's going to be a learning curve to it. Is this something I'd love to do for a while now, actually? Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. I'm interested in doing it ever since, but it's like, you got to be pretty quick on your feet. Yeah. Be ready with those questions. You know, I don't know. You know what? How do you go out and do this for the first time? How did you get up the nerve to actually do that for the first time? So when I first set out, my goal wasn't even the time. So when I first set out, my goal wasn't even to talk about religion. I was literally there to just talk about in kind of like a, have you ever heard a story course from NPR or like people of New York? You're just there to get the vibe and set up in a place and see who's willing to talk to you, see whatever's on their mind. And when I, when I saw Anthony Magnobosco's videos and when I saw, I read Nice Wonders videos, I was like, I got to go out there. I got a challenge atheism step one, but I found that I'm actually really, I found that like one of my skill sets is just having really fun chats about people with people and I'll do it in a really friendly way about a lot of different things. And so I'll put all those up on my channel. And what I found was the conversations that I have that are not religious, the ones that I have that are religious have the same vibe to them. And I thought that could be a really interesting thing because you don't need to enter an SE mode to have like really good SE style dialogue. You can still talk as if you're talking about sports or Pokemon or I love Pokemon by the way, but yeah, or music or skateboarding or anything like that. And when I first set up, the goal was I'm just going to talk to people about whatever they want to talk about. And so I got a lot of talks about fitness, about jobs, about maybe some insecurities they had with regard to the state of humanity like pollution and all that. And then when you get comfortable, you can start to say, hey, I'm the next conversation. I really like to talk about something that you absolutely know you're very confident about, something you know you can't be wrong about. I think that'd be a really interesting conversation. I just had a conversation with like three other people about skateboarding, nursing, sickness, whatever.  And you could talk about that in more or less the same way you did with all the other ones because you have that backup, you have that confidence. And I found that that's a great way to build up the sense of calm and the fast thinking necessary to have like a really good conversation. And really, you're not there to like disarm a bomb. Your only goal is to be like, how'd you figure that out? Oh, I don't know what that is. Explain it to me. Here's this thing that you just said to me that I'm just going to say right back to you. What do you think about that? Let them do the heavy lifting. Your only goal is to try to find the foundation of their belief and question whether or not that foundation is reliable. And if you could do at least those two things and help them do that, that is more than you've done than any pastor or any other kind of like religious leaders ever let them to do. And if you could do that, that's an incredible thing. So, you know, have a month. Really, that's the best way to start. What do you guys think? Or what other, I'd love critiques, by the way, I'm a great lover of critical feedback. Is there anything that you think I could improve on? I was surprised that you ended the conversation when you did. It seemed like it was just heating, just starting to get, you know, really hot. But that's something that you made ahead of time, where you're five minutes up or why'd you do that? Ah, so yeah, that's, it's a, there are a lot of different theories behind it. But when I, like I said, my goal is I'm a cheerleader for I don't know. I'm trying to show that I don't know is a good answer, particularly when you don't know something. We have kind of like a culture where people are afraid to say that. And when I can get people to appreciate I don't know just a little bit more at the end of a conversation than what they did when they started. I'm like, in my mindset, that's my goal. My mission accomplished. And so I think he started the conversation with, I believe in God, my Nana is a really nice lady. And that's all the proof I need. We broke apart the Nana belief. We broke apart the belief that was underneath it, which I believe was like, that's just how I was raised to his personal research. We broke that down to his faith. We got to faith and we broke that down as well.  And that's why I guess you shouldn't say you know things if you don't know it. But yeah, I can definitely see that. That's a good point. That's it. That is exactly what anyone could be able to do in 10 minutes. And I think we started that conversation, started getting to the heat of it around six minutes in. So it was only around five minutes or so. But if he got up and moved to another person and was like, hey, I just talked to that guy over there. He was talking to me about my faith or stuff like that.  So what did he say to you? Like what, why do you believe in it? Oh, well, you know, you can't believe in that because I just had a conversation with him and I realized that that's not a good reason. What do you think about the more people are thinking about this and having a kind of conversation where they're beginning to like critically assess how they arrived at their conclusions, the better. And the more that we can show that it's easy. It doesn't take a lot of effort. It's not adversarial. I think that's an improvement. But yeah, I set up really, really simple goals when I have my conversations. I have like 14 points that I want to hit. But now it's just like, yeah, you like I don't know as an answer. Great. That's great. That's the agnostic position. That's the default. Welcome to a more rational mindset. Travis, it looked like you wanted to say something. Well, do you have anything on your mind? I thought it was pretty good. Yeah, I was thinking about that. Where you where you ended with that pause.  And it's like my fear would be like, if I continue talking at this point, am I going to distract that salient moment? Oh, that's a great point. I think Casey brought up something really great too, just combining your points.  I don't have to think about it.  If it's short, it's very helpful. And if you like the conversation and we had a fun chat, he's going to think of it with less bias than he would if he saw me as an antagonist. And I think those are really good things to walk away with. Yeah. And if you guys don't disagree, don't. That's totally fine. I don't think there's one right way to do SC. And like I said, I have an SC that's very much molded to my style of talking to people normally. Anthony Mag Bosco has his style as well. He stands up and talks to people. And he's a very, very, what do you call it? Charming. Nice guy. And he has the daddy voice the entire time. It's like, I just want to make sure you're all right. Would you like some water? Are you okay? Read. Nice wonder. He's very unflappable. And that's great to live in California. You're thrown by hippies and crystal and alien believers and tinfoil. I've been, I was raised in California. That's where my accent comes from. And they're like 10,000% every single person in this video is like my neighbors and stuff like that. So I know, I understand the, oh, so you think you were invaded by aliens in your mind left ear? Okay, that's great. Talk to me more about it. Like he's very, very neutral on everything. I don't think you can surprise him with anything. And mine is like very much just, hey, I'm having a fun time with you. I want to talk, but everyone, there's, there's more than just the three of us. There's a lady named Linda Mako. She's from Finland. She's going to start upling of her videos on Super Curious or YouTube channels called Super Curious. There's a guy in South Africa named Ben Diesel. Brilliant name, by the way, Ben Diesel, that's such awesome name, right? He, since it's South Africa, he mostly just talks to black people like the heartland, right? And it's a completely different culture there. So it's just really interesting to see the apologetics that they use to convince themselves that their beliefs are true and the dynamic of like, how do you, how do you have these kinds of conversations with a completely different set of cultural and racial divides there? It's just really interesting. The more people that do it though, the better we get a resolution of what works and what doesn't. And I think even if you had initial failures, I put them up on my YouTube channel. I hope people learn from them. I recommend that you guys do the same thing too. How hard do you think it is to set up a table at Dalton State and have these kinds of conversations with someone?  Yeah, I mean, there's a portion that you wouldn't have to like get permission for. We have, we have an area of that. You can just sit down. Nice. Yeah, I set up in the Free Speech Center at UK and there's a park that's open to the public that I sit down to. That's a lot of foot traffic. I highly recommend it. And it doesn't even just be one person, but, you know, anyone who's, and like I said, you don't even need the setup. You don't even need the table, the chairs, camera, mic, anyone just willing to have that conversation. So the sign, what I found the benefit to the sign-in is people who want to talk will approach you. And if you have a sign that says let's talk about whatever you want and you're reading a book in front of the table, I guarantee you if you're set up in the right place, you won't even get past the first page before someone's like, what's going on over here? What are you doing over here? You got a sign that says you want to talk? Nope. I've had like a Kindle open and people asked that while simultaneously sitting down in front of me at the same time, like, I guess you want to talk. What do you want to talk about today? Well, let's talk about Jesus Christ. I'm like, perfect. Perfect. Start this kind of conversation with. It's a fun way to just be outside too. It's a perfect excuse to just be out and read nice books. And like I said, you don't need any setup to do that. See, there's very little budget involved to just ask questions. And I'd highly recommend it as a great way to break down the walls, set out some really good examples of how to have communication and explore a really cool way to get people to critically assess how they come to their decisions. I think, I mean, it sounds like you were pretty personal about beforehand, but as a way to just practice your conversational skills I bet doing a few of these would make you much more comfortable. Yeah, it definitely seems like it's taking a lot of practice for me anyway. But you know, I think the beauty of what the way Ty described it is that you're just asking questions. There's not really a way to screw that up too bad. No. And it's never hard to just say, hey, I don't know what that is. Do you mind explaining that to me? Yeah. Just showing that you're open and willing to learn. A lot of times just having people explain what their beliefs are instead of the words in their head formulating them into like actual mouth sounds and pushing them out and then hearing someone listen or watching someone hear what they're saying makes them way more critical of the things that are coming out of their head in a way that's very beneficial.  You believe XYZ, ABC? Hearing what they just said is a completely different phenomenon for them. Because they believe it in their head, they've internalized it, but when they hear someone else repeat that back to them, they're like, ooh, well, let me try to clarify that with them. You're already working with them at that point. And that is beyond just therapeutic. It's very, very beneficial for a society to be able to do stuff like that. I think it's definitely easy to do at least that. And if you set up the goal of like, hey, let's talk about movies. You can do the exact same kind of SE style of questions. So really what's your favorite movie? Thor Dark World? What's your criteria for that? Do you have a good objective basis to say that?  Well, if they had different actors, would you still believe the same thing? No? Okay, well, it doesn't seem like you... But you could have it really about any topic. And if you explore with it and try to make something new with it, you will help figure out this really cool way of talking to people that I think with the benefit of technology that we had that we've never had before, can be part of like this brand new wave of communication that a lot of people will see examples of and realize, oh, there's a great way to have these kinds of thoughts that I've always been afraid to have. This is a lot easier than I ever expected it to be. This person looks like me and she's doing this where he's doing it and I can finally find someone that has a role model to follow up in that kind of way of talking to and morph it into my own way. So I highly recommend it. It's not as hard as it looks and it gets funner every time you do it. Yeah? I think, Ty, I think I saw one of your earlier videos about a year ago when it just started. And he just put it out there. He'd be like, hey, I'm just starting this. What do you all think? And I mean, you went really public with it, which I thought was pretty awesome. But yeah, I mean, like you said, he's been doing it for less than a year now. Yeah. And, you know, he just got feedback and was asking those kind of questions what do you all think? I think the group can do that for you if you choose to record it. I asked your participants, hey, did you like this chat? Yeah, it's really cool. I have these business cards now that I hand out and I get emails from people like maybe a week or so after the fact and I've done interviews with atheists before and it's always really interesting when I get an email back from another atheist that's like, hey, you really made me think because before I was just like, God, no big deal but you actually challenged me to consider why I don't believe in God and I found that really, really useful and so I came up with these reasons why and I just want to thank you for making me think about that. So it works for everybody. Three things. SE is not a Jedi mind trick for atheists to play on Christians. It's a critical thinking tool. It's a tool, one of many other tools to apply in a conversation to help someone think about why they believe something to be true and it can work in solos, it can work in groups, but it can also be something that can work on you. You can go through a thought process and be like, why am I angry right now? Let me think about this. Why am I confused about this certain thing or why do I believe this? Can I do SCM myself? You totally can. And it works on any age. I've had a talk with an 11-year-old named Connor at a park. No, he was an 11, he was 6. He was 6 years old. His mom was there and he came to me at the table and his belief was, I saw someone survive a 100-foot drop. I'm like, whoa, that's pretty graphic for a 6-year-old kid. But I was like, whoa, okay. So why didn't he talk to me about that? And he's like, he survived 100 feet and he survived. I'm like, is that normal? Is that something that normally happens? No, because it was from a movie. I'm like, oh, so why do you think it happened in the movie? He's like, whoa, it was a pretend film is what he said. I'm like, okay, so it was pretend. Why would make him survive? He's like, well, he fell into snow. I'm like, if the snow wasn't there and you think you would get hurt, he's like, yeah, what if it was cotton candy instead of snow? I was like, oh, I love cotton candy. And we ended up talking for candy for about two minutes. But asking questions to help people engage in critical thinking is something that can be done for anybody. Literally anyone about any topic. And Essie's just a really good way to have those kinds of talks. And I think the more you do it, the more comfortable you get with it. And it's definitely something that helps with interviews, helps with making friends. It's just a really great way to talk to people. All right. Thank you so much for doing this and maybe we'll, you know, focus on following our questions. Yeah, definitely. I got an email address. I don't know what you'd like, but it's tyrone.wells.phd at gmail.com. If you don't like that, it's too long. Let's chat Essie at gmail.com. I also have that YouTube channel. If you leave a comment there, say, hey, this is me. I'll be happy to reply back to you. Those two emails were let's chat Essie at gmail.com. Let's chat Essie one word. And then tyrone.wells.phd at gmail.com. You're one of those I'll be happy to reply to you. And like I said, if you guys ever need any help or more like tips, I'll be happy to do something like this again. Thank you so much for your time. I really appreciate it. Yeah. Yeah, thanks. Cool, cool, cool. All right, thank you guys. All right, see you.


The more I learn about science denialism, the more I see a common thread running through all of them, like a common playbook. Regardless of the evidence to the contrary, they seem to be able to hold whatever contrarian position they like and justify it with a series of logical fallacies. But there are some scientific theories that you just think, well, there's just no way that could be denied. Who'd have a reason to doubt that theory? I would always have included the theory of gravitation, atomic theory, cell theory, and of course the germ theory of disease. But thanks to the internet, I've now found an active community of germ theory denialists. That's right, they either fully or partially deny the germ theory of disease. In fact, many of you may know one or more of these people. At this point, I hope you're asking how anyone could possibly deny that germs cause disease. Wouldn't any thinking person see that colds are contagious, that diarrhea is something you can get from contaminated food, that skin infections form around unsterilized cuts? What possible alternative explanation could they have to explain these phenomenon? To answer that, I have to take you back to two scientists, Louis Pasteur and Antoine Beichan, at or around 1870. The problem concerns certain diseases of silkworms, an important agricultural asset for the French silk industry. The harvest were failing, and it was a matter of national commerce that an explanation could be found. Louis Pasteur, as many of you might remember, performed many of the tests that formed the bases for the germ theory of disease we use today. His argument, based on his experiments with sealed flasks and breweries, was that an infectious agent was likely responsible. His course of action would be to quarantine and contain the spread. Beichan was an insect biologist and had a competing theory. His theory, which I will call the pleomorphic theory of disease, was that diseases are caused by environment. He said that bacteria actually form from the diseased cells, and their appearance tells us the underlying disorder. There's more to it, including an abiotic origin of microbes, but the key point is that he takes Pasteur's theory in reverse. The microbe does not cause the disease. The disease causes the microbe. His suggestion might have been not to quarantine the sick animals, but to feed them better, or move all of them to a brighter area with cleaner air.  It strikes us as silly because we have the benefit of so much additional information. Antoine Beichan was wrong, of course, as has been demonstrated by thousands of experiments since then. His theory has been falsified and buried. Pasteur's has been predictive and explanatory in a way that we find useful, and Antoine Beichan's theory is not supported by the genomic data being produced on bacterial DNA, nor by serotype testing, phylogenetics, or electron microscopy of pure cultures. Now, there was a useful insight to be gained from his theory about the complexity of interaction between a disease agent and the host. It's true that environment, nutrition, and immune status plays a big role in the development of most diseases. I don't know any modern biologists who dispute that. To qualify as a germ theory denialist, you need to deny that infectious agents are responsible for diseases we currently attribute to transmissible pathogens. What kind of crazy internet troll believes this far out idea? This is the part that may surprise you. How about Bill Maher, the host of Politically Incorrect with Bill Maher, and the writer, producer, and star of Religious? Now, he has made a statement that he is not a germ theory denialist, but the fact that he had to deny it says a lot. He's strongly anti-vaccine, anti-medicine, but in an interview he brought up the signature move of germ theory denialism. He pulled out the deathbed recanting of Pasteur. The only place this text ever existed was the germ theory denialism website that created it out of whole cloth. It has no basis in fact, and represents a marker for someone who has spent time learning from anti-germ theory websites. This is a classic denialism move, attacking the discoverer's credibility, worthy of a creationist or AIDS denialist, and forever tarnishes Maher in my eyes. It goes beyond a disagreement with him. He's taken sides against science, medicine, and critical thinking. What he's advocating is dangerous to the innocent and naive. It's a misuse of his celebrity to promote pseudoscience. Who else can we put on our list? How about a large number of chiropractors? Many, but certainly not all, who practice as straights are taught that all disease from tooth decay to ebola are the result of improper alignment of the spine and atlas. You should also ask any naturopath or osteopathic physician where they stand on the germ theory of disease. Depending on the country they may have been taught that germs don't exist. We'll also find that a lot of AIDS denialists are in fact germ theory denialists, either wholly or in only in part. Some will use the pleomorphic theory, others won't, or will use something equally as invalid. In fact, anywhere you find quackery about nutrition or detoxification treating viral or bacterial conditions, look for their references to either Antoine Beicham or the deathbed recanting of Pasteur. You will have spotted the rare germ theory denialist in his natural habitat. This particular strain of pseudoscience has mutated though. It's realized that it can't survive with open denialism and antiquated beliefs. Instead, the approach now is to simply shift the focus from their failure to make a scientific case for their beliefs to the perceived flaws in Pasteur's theory. Not modern microbiology mind you, but actually the experiments and theory of Louis Pasteur. They advocate a softer form of germ theory denialism, still based on Beicham's teachings that sickness causes pathogens, not pathogens causing sickness. You'll see the thinking in these comments from a denialist on the Huffington Post. A healthy, strong body well nourished and properly exercised will easily be able to fight off just about any germ that invades its bodies without the need for magical elixirs. I hope the illusion to creationism, repackaged as ID, and the parallels of demonizing Pasteur and Darwin are not lost on you. This new germ theory denialism tends to refer to itself as natural hygienists, in that they assert that health and hygiene are sufficient to prevent disease. This is an offshoot of naturopathic medicine, strongly associated with raw food movement and the raw milk movement especially. They contend that most of the modern diseases we deal with are a result of meat consumption and processing of our diet, including pasteurizing our milk. They thrive on the internet and in a very small subculture of vocal activists. I'll deal with raw foodism and raw milk in a separate video. I just wanted to demonstrate how these very old ideas adapt to stay alive as quackery on the internet and among alt-med fringe groups. How much of a threat do these people pose? Not much so far. Like any small fringe group, they lack much political power. But we must always be watchful of pseudoscience advocacy and address the fundamental fallacies of their claims. The last thing we need in the modern age is another form of contentious fundamentalism, especially one that devalues such an important principle of modern medicine. Good health to you and may all your germs be benevolent. Thanks for watching.


Björl Lundberg is going to make the case for sticking with the traditional techniques tried and tested over many years rather than using new machines. Moderators and gentlemen, ladies, thanks for the invitation to this meeting. Well, it's a pleasure being here and it's a challenge to be after such a nice presentation for the technique, but is a robot-assisted partial nephrectomy the new standard for treatment of small renal masses? While it's a question for the patients to give an optimal oncological results, the renal functions should remain good, there should be few complications, low morbidity. And we know that the oncological risks are equal between radical nephrectomy and partial nephrectomy, although small renal cell carcinomas can be local aggressive, metastasized also, but when we compare the data from partial and radicals, we know they give similar oncological results, both for smaller renal masses and for renal masses up to seven centimeters. The patients, they are not healthy, they have concomitant diseases, they have conditions that will impair or have impaired renal function already. And we know from a study of hanging at all for many years ago now, 2006, that even four patients with the renal cell carcinoma, less than four centimeters, having a normal contralateral kidney and normal creatinine serum, 26 percent already have impaired glomeral filtration rate of less than 60 milliliters per minute. And we can see that in the same publication that when they look at freedom from new onset of GFR less than 60, for partial only 60 for three years and for radicals only 35 remain free from GFR less than 60 centimeters of radical nephrectomy. And that's of course a difference in renal function. What does that mean? Well, if you get reduction in the renal function, you also risk to be dead due to other causes. You have a risk for early cardiovascular events and hospitalization of any cause. So it's a risk factor having the kidney function reduced. We can see the same thing when we look at patients particularly treated for with partial nephrectomy and radical nephrectomy. So this is just that the cardiovascular events are larger in patients. Can I show it in something? No. You can see the upper curve is partial and lower in the red is a radical nephrectomy and they have more cardiovascular events and more overall mortality also. In Sweden we have looked at this data from compared with a population relative survival of patients with PTA renal cell carcinoma according to surgical technique. And we can see in the total and higher Sweden that patients treated with nephransparing surgery survive good as good as the population, but those treated with radical nephrectomy survive less good probably due to the other causes. So we know that nephransparing surgery is good, similar oncological outcome. They say renal function, but as we heard it is technically more demanding, more time consuming and more complications, but it's recommended for instance by EIU. In Sweden we have used this nephransparing surgery more and more during the coming years. That's depending on guidelines on the registration itself and educational efforts. And we can see from 2005 the nephransparing surgery increased from 20% in the population up to now 55% in the population. And that perhaps is the most important thing to have for these patients. So when the patients look at this, they wish to have negative margins, they wish to have a good oncological result. They want to have a short warmest in their time. They want to have very few complications and they wish to have low morbidity. And that's a question then, when you have different techniques. Could you do this in every hospital, every doctor, every situation? That's a problem. When we looked at data from the literature comparing robot assisted partial nephrectis with OPEN, we can see it's very few really published comparative studies and no random study. This is some informations. Lucas et al. This is from 2012, looked at only 27 robot assisted, 54 OPEN. And they found that the operative time was better in OPEN. One mission year time was better in OPEN. But the blood loss was better in robot. And the length of stay was better for a robotic. And we look at the multi-center match pair analysis from Italy. So also here that one mission year time was better for the OPEN. Blood loss was better for a robot and postoperative complications was better for a robot, but the rest of the factors were rather similar between the surgical procedures. In the more complex re-enlightened lesions, we can see that mostly when you compared the OPEN had higher pathological stage and size. And operative time were in that comparison better also for the OPEN, but blood loss was better for robot and hospital stay was less with robot complications similar. When they have compared the situation for matched patients, matched tumors, they can see that robot offers comparable perioperative and early in the functional outcomes. But perhaps robot has the advantage of improved postoperative pain and shorter lengths of stay. This is a rather new publication from Voo at all. They made a systematic review of what's published and they made a meta analysis of comparing robot assisted partial effect misversus OPEN. And they found that the robot assisted partial effect mishad a shorter, longer postoperative time, but they have less post-operative complications, shorter lengths of stay and less blood loss, but other factors were rather similar. So what I mean is that even if there's interest towards robot assisted partial effect in minimally invasive surgery, the benefits of what we do must be waged against what we have for renal function, what will leave after us as post-immortals and recurrent tumors and bleeding and postoperative complications. On the other side also we must look at society's cost, the net cost for instrument, robotic platform and maintenance costs and that's another subject. And really the overall need for an optimal treatment of such a patient is to perform an optimal partial nephrectomy. That's more important than the technique really. The conclusion is that for high level evidence-based data we need, we haven't that for these surgical techniques. We could do this single-port surgery, everyone, but possibly we can't do it. Each approach seems to have its advantages and disadvantages and we must compare these techniques to know what to do. We need randomized trials. So no robot assisted partial nephrectomy is not the new standard for the treatment of small renal masses, but it's an optimal treatment. Optional treatment for patients with these tumors and nephransparing surgery is the standard treatment for patients with T1 RCC, whenever feasible. Thank you.