Recently I first Middle East, Central Asia, Afghanistan, Pakistan, so after my trip here I will fly to Washington DC to join the conference on Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Central Asia. So I would like to take this opportunity to share my view with you about China's role in Middle East. And if you are interested I can also talk about the Central Asia, Shanghai Corporation Organization, and AFPAC around 2014. And of course firstly I focus on Middle East and since the time is limited I think I focus on the recent relations between China and Middle East after the so-called Arab Spring. I never call this Arab Spring, I call it changing Middle East or something like that. And basically if you talk about political relations it's not really a very important influence about changing the government in Middle East and because China now keeps the relations with this new government, Libya, Yemen and Egypt with both Muslim brotherhood and the military leaders, almost no any change, but economically I think very many, very serious negative influence. Firstly to the trade, before the 2010 Chinese Middle East trade is basically the many contenders from China to Dubai, Dubai is the center to shift all the Chinese goods, something made in China to the all Middle East. But when the crisis broke out in early 2011, the expenses for transportation, expenses for insurance or increase, for example one container three years ago only from Shanghai to Dubai only 900 years ago, now 2600 years ago and also the insurance and also many business men don't want to send goods to the travel area, only now mainly from Dubai to the GCC country and the Chinese business men don't want to really do business with Libya, even with Egypt and the GCC country is ok, Saudi and Qatar and UAE but everything is expensive, this is increase and in the small city called the EU only 3 hours driver from Shanghai, there is 30,000 Middle East business men there, 10 masks and also small Jewish community, small India community but most is mostly 10 masks in small city and mainly for the trade it's the EU became the trade center, you can find everything made in China like this, like this, all these people send the container to Middle East, everything, so I was in Egypt in Israel, in Saudi, in Doha, you can see, you just go around the city, the market everything made in China, but now it's more difficult because some countries crisis, the business men don't know whether they can make money, so it became very careful about this and more serious, serious in fact, the influence is investment and in China, Chinese company invest a lot, lot in Middle East for construction, we were very surprised when the civil war broke out in Libya, we have to bring 36,000 Chinese back, I was surprised, even I'm specialist on Middle East, I think maybe we have more people in Algeria, now more people in Iraq and maybe Egypt and but I was surprised 36,000 Chinese in Libya, we don't have ships, we rent ships from the Greece, from the Mata, with the help we bring all these people back and Chinese freight in the Indian Ocean and to the piracy, go through the sea, go through the Swiss canal to Mediterranean Sea, it was the first time in the history of China, 500 years ago even Zhenghe just go around the Indian Ocean, never go to Mediterranean Sea, but when the Libya crisis Chinese Navy almost reached the Benghazi, because they want to bring our citizens back, so now also the most Chinese company still don't want to come back, new Libya government want to Chinese company come back, our ministry of commons organized delegation to do the investigation in Libya, finally the conclusion is it's not the time to back to Libya, they have to pay for their Chinese company's previous work, they don't pay for this, they work for several years, they didn't get the payment, so how we can come back, and Egypt some company has it, Iran of course some company left and only in the Saudi, in the GCC country, the Chinese investment is still going on and Iraq very interesting, more and more company come to Iraq for the oil, so I still remember 2003 when the George W. Bush began the war in Iraq, people in the street of the United States said no war for oil, but now you know after war no American company in Iraq, Chinese company got five big oil fields, but all the company don't want to go to the southern area, only go to Kurdish area, CNPC just got a project in the Kurdish area, only this northern Iraq is more safe, but now Chinese company I should say come back to Iraq, and Iraq I will talk later because the sanction, US sanction, so investments are mainly in many countries, the changing country stopped, stand still, but in the Saudi, in the GCC country continue, and of course in the Maghrib in the, not back to Tunisia, but very active in Algeria and Morocco, I think maybe we have more people in Algeria, so I think most influence, the negative influence economically, so now most Chinese company still waiting to see what happens in Egypt, in Tunisia, in Libya, and in Iraq, in Iran, and in Syria of course, in Syria we really don't have a lot of investment, I like Russia, we don't have investments, we only have 300 Chinese students, now they come back, we don't have military, navy base there, don't have the weapons selling business, security, I think also some influence, the China became more active in the diplomatic arena in the Middle East, since 2010, 2002 we first time appointed the special envoy for Middle East affairs, now it's Ambassador Wu, it's good friend of mine, he visits Middle East regularly to visit all the country, meet the leaders, and we have appointed in 2012 the special representative for Syria affairs, and we are now very active to join the Six States Negotiations with Iran, and US, Russia, UK, France, China, and Germany, and we have 10, we have 1,000 soldiers joining the UN peacekeeping forces in southern Lebanon, the most people don't know this, this is since 2006 the war in Lebanon, before that we already had 300, after that as a request of the EU, and also especially the France, they want to China send more soldiers, we send 700 more, so now it's 1,000, they're very successful to do the minesweep and the construction, and we also close the red line, usually before that we only send soldiers joining UN peacekeeping forces, but mainly the soldiers for medical and construction, but since 2000 I think we send three warships to join the anti-piracy, this is really fighting, not really for medical and construction, also recently very significant, so we send 300 soldiers to Mali, also as a request of the France, this is really fighting unit, not really for medical, and so I think the politically economically security, all this area, of course I will say a few words about the energy, and you know our trade, mainly with Middle East is oil and gas, oil gas basically not very serious insurance, and Middle East now almost 55 to 60% of China's import oil, Saudi is number one, almost 54 million tons, 54 million tons in 2012, always number one, and our lead village Saudi, the King Abdullah promise, if we reduce imports from Iran they will provide them, even double, no problem, and Iran used originally number two, now I think Russia became number two, Iran last year is 15 million tons, it's reduced, and I will talk about Iran, Iraq very interesting increase, number five is almost 10% of China import oil, and all other countries, all of Kuwait, but Qatar became number one in the natural gaze, but not by the pipeline, the NLG, the natural gaze, Qatar became number one, Algeria of course, natural gaze is very important, and China already began to invest in this area, for example we, our prime minister, former prime minister Wen Jiabao visited Saudi, signed agreement to build a refinery factory in the Yanbu, in the Riddlesy side, not in the Persian side, and so it seemed to me the energy cooperation mainly China now diverting to the GCC country, very careful about this changing country, or the troubled country, still have to waiting for them, so this is basically the changing Middle East, or crisis in Middle East, the influence over the China Middle East relations, then I first several hot, hot point, first Syria, Syria people always ask me why China vetoed three times with Russia, I think this is basically for, it's quite differences, Russia they really for interest, China I don't think we have really important interest in Syria, but our leader, the mainly for the principle, the principle is very strong opposed any foreign military intervention, and for us, the voting in for about Libya, we always think we make mistake, and NATO use these resolution bombing and kill Kazafi, but now Libya is the worst situation, it's weapons bazaar, and even kill the ambassador of the United States, this is really crazy, so for our leaders, for most scholars like me, so think we cannot let Syria become another Libya, so I think that of course China Russia work together to veto, but it's quite different, and now of course we're very active to support the Russian US joint proposal to destroy all the chemical weapons, we will join the Geneva peace conference, we hope all the parties can join the conference and find a peaceful political solution, about Iran, basically China have three principles, firstly we cannot accept it, Iran with nuclear weapons, the same to the international community, so that's the reason why we join six countries negotiation with Iran, secondly we're very strong opposed any military attack on Iran, this is what I said in United States in Israel, told my friend, I always told my experience in Iran, 2005 I pay a short visit to Iran, it was the first time for me to Iran, I visited the Jihilan, we visited Isfahan and Shala, of course we met many government officials, but we also met many young students, and I was told that Iran now 75 million people and now almost 40, more than 40 million were born after 1979 Islamic revolution, that means they are under the young, it's only a young 33 years old, 34 years old, and these people invited me to their home, they said I'm very happy, they said we need Irania, Deng Xiaoping, unfortunately we don't have Irania Deng Xiaoping, I said okay if you have I'm happy, they really want to reform, they want to country could be reform, could be go forward and people could be better, and I found a lot of things very old, all the car made in 1970s, all the building made very old, so I said you have all your guests where the money goes, they said we don't know maybe money goes to his blah or something like that, so I think this young generation is really very very good and I'm surprised to see they watch some western movie and like the western music, so I told my friend in the United States, Israel, and if you found them you bring this young generation to other sides, to radical Islam, to Osama bin Laden, so I think our principle is very strong opposed to any military action and the third one of course we try our best to protect the Chinese company's interests, that's very interesting, we joined the United Nations sanction, we support these, so we stop the business but we oppose the United States unilaterals, but now U.S. it seems to me they are trying to make this sanction as a domestic law, if it becomes a domestic law Chinese company should make the choice, if they have a business with both U.S. and Iran they should make decision if they want to keep business with U.S. they have to leave Iran that's the situation and like Huawei now left Iran because they want to keep the business with U.S. also the sanction against the banking system so many business you cannot do, cannot do, so basically we support the United Nations, we don't support the United States unilateralization but the company have to make a decision, some companies have to leave Iran but you know the basic differences between Iran and North Korea, is North Korea said that we want to nuclear weapons, Iran never said that, they said only for peaceful use, so we have same problem with Iran and with North Korea, yeah we also join this economic sanction in North Korea so we stop the banking cooperation with North Korea so that's the situation so we now still hope the six states Iran's talk could be find a peaceful solution so we're very happy to see the new president Rohani he met the president Xi Jinping in September 13th in Bishkek, Shanghai Corporation Summit and as I know he promised he will do his best to find a peaceful solution and also he talked to President Obama by telephone and the new foreign minister also trying to find a way so we still hope you know we can find a peaceful solution, no war and Egypt, we basically hope the Egyptian Egypt could be peaceful stable in fact in the early 2011 my friend Islo send a message to China U.S said whether we can work together to try to keep Huzni Mobilec China said yes we would do this because the president mobilec is all the friend of several generation of Chinese leader from Mao to Xi so at that time to who and but U.S policy change every day in the morning and they said mobilec is not dictate in the noon time some people said mobilec it's better for mobilec to stay in the power until September but in the evening president Obama said president mobilec should gone go now something like that so if U.S. change a policy every day China Russia Europe can do nothing so then when the new president came to power he visited China we try to keep good relations with a Muslim brotherhood before that we didn't have any connection with Muslim brotherhood because this is international underground organization we don't have any connection with Hamas but we have good relations with Turkey and Sudan you know the party in the power in Turkey and Sudan it's Muslim brotherhood so with government of course we keep good relations but with the party with a group we we very careful because they are do at the ground something wrong then the military leader came to power we still don't call the coup call this coup and we supported this new government trying their best to keep the stability we want to keep good relations with this leadership so now the just recently I think we had some the top leaders talk we will do our best to support Egyptian people Egyptian government to control the situation to develop economy to keep the peaceful solution to keep keep the peaceful agreement with Israel and so all this is very important for the security of Middle East finally a few words about China-Israeli relations China-Turkish relations because this is all talk about Arab country and Iran and China-Israeli relations it's basically it's very good and because we have traditional friendship and my city Shanghai will it was the only city opened the door for the Holocaust victims even United States closed the door so the Jewish people never forget this and also we walk together in anti-terrorism area it's I should say very frankly we learned a lot from our Israeli friends during Beijing Olympic and Shanghai World Expo they give us something very important suggesting we accept it we now do this and it's very important for China for security of China and the only program between China Israel is the United States still have veto power on the military and high-tech trade and Israeli really want to sell something to China but they have to get permission from the United States if this is military and high-tech I think this is the only obstacle between China and Israel but we understand the situation of Israeli facing and with Turkey's very interesting things you know in China we have eastern Turkish separatist movement and among them several groups is really terrorist and the eastern Turkish movement basically they are based in Turkey and in Munich in Germany and in Turkey but Turkish government guarantee they will not allow any the group do the anti-Chinese activity in Turkish territory but something if something happens it'll be very dangerous for example in the July 5th 2009 in Xinjiang Urumqi there is some riot the next day the prime minister Erdogan said yesterday in China genocide in fact he didn't know what happened so then the Chinese media is very strong response the documentary in the TV said who did the genocide then the documentary about how Ottoman Empire killed one and a half million Armenians and Kurdish or something like that but finally both sides find some misunderstanding so three months later the prime minister Erdogan sent his representative to China said apologize because he said we didn't know the 200 people were killed only two is mostly most Chinese Han people but after that every people surprised the China-Turkish military cooperation is developed so fast you know the 2010 China-Turkish is a joint military exercise by the Air Force Chinese plan to land in Turkish territory so NATO is very very nervous about this and recently turkish decided to buy Chinese missile now very strong pressure I don't think this business could be successful because the United States every people come but maybe Turkey just want to better price so I don't know so so this is China-Turkey relations basically now is very good but if something happens in China maybe yeah because we have 20 million muslim largest is white people speak mandarin and four is turkish speaking one is Persian speaking Tajik is Persian speaking four is turkish speaking Uygur Kassak Kyrgyz Uzbek and the most most of them is 100% Sunni very moderate but the recently yes especially after 9-11 after Taliban came to power in Afghanistan some radical people want to find the opportunity among them so the small group now the base in mountain area between Afghanistan Pakistan they want to do some the jihad or something like that so turkish people turkish government understand this so they never support this so this is a very complicated relations between China and Turkey I think I should stop here to keep more time for questions thank you very much thank you very much


Hello dear friends! I am in front of the US Capitol here in Washington DC and I am about to show you that you can find food growing freely and abundantly even here on this manicured lawn and around the concrete. Indeed there is even food growing here. I'm going to introduce you to some beginner's tips on how you can get foraging and introduce you to about a dozen of my different plant friends. Join me here at the US Capitol to find food growing freely and abundantly. Let's go! Today is day 30 of living completely off of the food that I've foraged from the land and overall I feel great. It's been an excellent month. I've foraged about a hundred different plants from Wisconsin to New York City as I've been traveling here from my wild rice which actually I have a little bag of wild rice here and we're going to do a little offering. So if you want to take part in the offering as I'm giving this little introduction just go ahead and take a few grains of this wild rice or minoman from the bag and then we'll wait to do a little offering together so you can just pass the bag around and minoman wild rice has been one of the most important plants. It's been my staple food and it is a plant that I've foraged in the homeland of where I'm from which is Anishinaabe land or some people have heard of the English word Ojibwe or Chippewa and so one thing that I want to acknowledge is that today we're foraging on stolen land. Land that is here it is what it is today because of genocide that happened you know a couple hundred years ago but still continues to happen here in what we call the United States also called Turtle Island and so I think it's a really important thing to acknowledge that and acknowledge the land that we're on and start to reconnect with that because if we're out foraging and we're connecting these plants but we're not connecting to the history of this land that's a pretty big important part of for me equality and justice and regeneration of our earth and community and so one thing that I want to share is that today we are going to joyously learn some new plants we're going to make some new plant friends but I would not be here today if this was just about foraging. For me foraging is ultimately it's an act of resistance in a dominator culture where you know what we have here called the United States we have these ideas of societal norms or societal stigmas and it's like you do things this way and the global industrial food system is part of that what we've seen is the monocropping of our plant relatives into just a very few number of foods that we'll find at the grocery store and today you're gonna meet a lot of well you're gonna meet some plants that you probably have never heard of before that you'll never find in the grocery store and so foraging is an act of resistance because it's saying to big ag and to these big corporations hey we don't actually need you we know that the food is growing freely and abundantly all around us and we can find the most nutritious food that grows on earth and delicious food that grows on earth and we can do this without money we can do this together as a community while building our resources and our skills so there's so much more that i can say about that but i just do really want to say that this is about so much more than just eating wonderful foods and finding our medicines besides food we're also going to be finding medicine today and one of the you know things that we've gotten disconnected from in this current society is that our food is our medicine there's that old saying of let thy food be thy medicine and thy medicine by thy be thy food and that's exactly what i've been doing over the last month and that's what i did during my year of living 100 on food that food that i either grew or foraged so we're also learning about the medicines of the plants today that are growing around us and when we're tied into this fast food you know global industrial food system that food actually we're finding makes a lot of us sick rather than it being our medicine it's what creates uh is that is that everyone it creates an environment where we actually need medicine to take care of ourselves because of that food so one of the big pictures of this today is we're finding food that with every bite actually heals us so did everybody get a little bit of wild rice or manoman i'll show it for the people that are out there on the internet so um what we're going to do is just give a a little bit of gratefulness to the land and offer this as a little offering to the land so just returning this little bit of manoman or wild rice to the earth and giving gratitude and thanks to the land and for me it's it's just the action of taking the moment to live in gratitude and one of the other big elements of today is um is just being grateful plants really really are a wonderful way to tune in and be grateful we kind of live in this world where we kind of never have enough when it comes to money and things like that but once you be once you become friends with the plants you kind of have everything you need because there's just so many out there so a couple of things before we go out and meet some of the plants i know that a lot of you are wondering this big question of how do you not die when you're foraging how many of you have seen uh alexis nicole she goes by the black forager she's she's got like four million followers on tiktok and on instagram and that's how she signs off every video with don't die and there's a reason why i think it's because a lot of people assume that they might die if they're trying to harvest you know foods i'm just gonna take a little drink this is sumac aid with golden rod um oh also to keep you all entertained as we continue these into the ethics this is some sea salt i just harvested this i harvested the water boiled it down to make salt and if you'd like to try some homemade sea salt i'll pass that around and you can have a pinch it's got a bit of an oceany flavor to it so the number one rule of foraging before we go out and meet the plants and we'll just talk for about three more minutes and then we'll go out and meet the plants um the number one rule of foraging is simply only eat something if you're a hundred percent sure of what it is that is how you don't die and that's how you don't get sick and people ask me like that question on on the internet all the time like how do you know which plants are edible well because you learn which plants are edible just like you would learn a sport or music or dance or anything you're in class for or how to walk you learn it you practice it and so as far as the plants goes the idea is we we're disconnected from the plants because our society has not taught us this and what we have to do is we have to learn them before eating them so a few tips for that number one one plant at a time a lot of people they look out into this beautifully green world and they feel intimidated because they're like how do i how do i figure out which plants to eat when there's so many plants so my recommendation is you learn one plant at a time it's very overwhelming to try to learn all of them you couldn't do it but if you focus on learning one plant at a time like today for example you'll learn dandelion maybe that's your plant or we're going to talk about ginko and maybe that's your plant so just learn one plant at a time and then you can take it slow you can take it safely and you can make sure that you're ethically foraging a note on that is if you want to you know really start to learn a lot more plants one of the things you can do is you can learn one plant per month and if you do that and you do that for one year after a year you'll know 12 plants if you could work with 12 different plants as food and medicine that would be quite something for most of us here that would be a lot compared to today actually on that note how many of you would consider yourself beginners to foraging cool so almost all of us is there anyone here that is like kind of a really knowledgeable forager or anybody who's like a foraging teacher by chance all right well my friend Eric Joseph Lewis is going to be joining us for the last half hour you'll get to meet him he's a plant wizard and so that's what I was going to say is if you want to really become a plant wizard you can learn one plant per week for a year if you do that you'll know 52 plants imagine you know how many of your friends know 52 plants just by learning one a week which is something you can do in your spare time spending even just 10 minutes a day 20 minutes or a cup cup you know couple hours a week doing something fun you can become a plant wizard compared to the muggles around you in one year so you know my suggestion is take it take it slow one step at a time and then as far as some of the ethics of foraging I'll sprinkle that in as we're meeting some of the different plants but well one of the keys to ethical foraging is getting to know the plants each plant has a different way of interacting with the work with the earth the way that it grows where it lives how long it's alive how it produces fruit or seed and so the the real way to forge ethically is to get to know each plant and learn about it so for example in here I have sumac aid which is the sumac the fruit of sumac which has those red spikes those red spiky like clusters on top of them and that you can harvest to your heart's content you're just going to pinch those off those spread by mostly by by their roots rather than by seeds so you can harvest this to your heart's content golden rod is the other plant inside of here and when I pick golden rod what I do is I just pinch some of the tops off and I leave some of them there that way there's some for the bees and the butterflies and some to continue the life cycle so each plant you'll learn but as you get to know more and more you'll start to reconnect with with um how to forage ethically but there's a lot of plants that you can forage extremely sustainably anybody who tells you that it's destructive to forage is someone who just really doesn't know what they're talking about because the truth is is that people who start to forage are people who start to want to protect the land because they have a connection with the plants all right I officially feel like I have talked way too much and we got to meet some plants so I was going to do this whole thing where I was going to have you all take like five steps and then stay say stop and then say what plants have we already what foods and medicines have we walked over but I don't want you to step on these beautiful mushrooms here and I feel like they might get trampled on so we won't do that so I'm going to start right here let's look down at the ground does anybody see a food what or what they think might be a food medicine within this you know a little circle of people we have here we see clover all right that's one this is clover here and you can see this leaf you've all probably heard of you know the idea of looking for a four leaf clover so most clovers are three leaves and if you look around you'll probably find one by her feet but you see this large cluster of them over here and then we have the clover flower right here so the two species of clover that you'll come across are the red clover and the white clover so as far as how you can work with this plant a common thing is you'll find clover tea so you can make tea from the clover red clover tends to be used more and then also in the spring time you can suckle on these and there's a little bit of nectar in there that's something I've been doing since I was a little kid and you can just suckle that little nectar out and it's nice there's not really nectar this time of year so the red clover is the more desirable one for making tea and you can eat these leaves too that being said I'm starting off with a plant that is not exactly delicious it's a fine plant it's a great one to know every forager you know knows this plant more or less so it's a great one to know but it's not one that I eat a lot of it's not one that I work with a lot the the clover tea though is one that is a staple for a lot of people it's a very healthy tea however clover is not one you're going to eat endless amounts of because it's in the pea family which some of them have alkaloids in them toxic alkaloids but nibbling on some of this is not an issue at all it's just not one you eat in large quantities in your salad bowls so let's see any else other things on clover well I think one thing that I want to mention is clover is what's called a weed you've probably all heard that term before today we're going to meet a lot of plants that are considered to be weeds and I just want to say that weed is just a human made concept there is no such thing as a weed by nature's standards every plant has its place and its purpose and the truth is is that most of the plants that are considered to be sort of the bane of humans existence are almost they're almost always a food or a medicine so clover is a nice plant to get to know the other plant that we have right here is this is called creeping charlie or ground ivy so everybody see if you can find one of these growing around you and give it a smell and feel free to harvest one of these they get mowed and I'm assuming they get mowed soon anyway so no harm in harvesting one of these give it a nice smell and so there's a whole cluster of them over here if anybody wants to come over here to get some these tend to grow in more moist areas so you're going to find them more in the dips so if you found one give it a smell quite a unique smell right like really strong almost like almost like too strong in a way but this is a really nice medicine so when I was traveling down to birmingham alabama this summer I had a cold and I happened to be going to stay with some herbalists at a place called walden pharmacy that's f a r m a c y instead of ph walden pharmacy they gave me ground ivy tincture and what a tincture is is that's just different plants that are put into alcohol and the alcohol pulls out the medicines and so that's a very simple thing that you can make you can make your own tinctures and ground ivy tincture is one of the ones that they gave me now if you want to try ground ivy it's got a a flavor that I can't describe it's very strong um truly nowhere to describe it it's I guess ground ivy it tastes like ground ivy that's the only thing that I know so this is one you can add to your salad bowls you can throw some of this into your juice if you're juicing greens you can saute this and um it's a common one you'll find this in most yards and all around so this is again ground ivy or creeping charlie the plant that looks the most like it is violet and hopefully we find some violet today as well and violet's also edible but that plant you can eat tons of because it's very mild any questions on clover or ground ivy oh someone likes it yes so the question was what was the tincture for what's the medicine of it and so I don't actually know I just listened to the pharmacists the the herbalists which is often what I do however what I'll say is that the medicines that I tend to work with are what I consider sort of generalist medicines so um this is a medicine for me the goldenrod how I make tea from goldenrod is I just harvest the heads so I just will harvest the heads both the green and the flower and then I will put them into a cup and I'll pour boiling water or close to boiling water over them and let it steep for three to five minutes one thing that it's commonly used for is people think they're allergic to goldenrod but actually what they're most likely allergic to is ragweed and this actually helps to alleviate the allergic reaction to ragweed so that's one of the things that it's good for so this is a wonderful one that you can be harvesting right now through the fall okay let's um let's go for let's start walking finally and see what we find we're going to walk right over here to some of these trees dandelion is one that I really just absolutely have to share I mean it's one most to me it's one of the most important plants of my life and to so many people it's a plant that they try to eradicate from their yard that they try their hardest to destroy and here we are at the US Capitol which definitely is trying pretty hard to make this just a monocrop of of grass but here the dandelion stands it's an incredibly resilient plant no matter how hard society tries to destroy it it is here and it is here in huge quantities as food and medicine so it stands by us as a wonderful plant ally and the entire plant is food and medicine so a lot of a lot of you probably know that the flower that the the leaf is edible and one the main reason that people probably don't eat dandelion is because it's bitter so I have a trick on how you can make dandelions not bitter anymore and it's just eat them every day and eventually you'll get used to them and they won't be bitter anymore it really works as your palette is liberated from the global industrial food system and it tastes all these new flavors like the ground ivy and the dandelion your palette will adjust to it and over time these flavors that you once like cringed for you will actually start to crave and I crave bitters one thing that I want to say about bitters is bitter is a sign of medicine now bitter doesn't mean it's edible there's bitter toxic plants and there's bitter edible plants but when they're bitter and edible it's a sign of medicine lettuce in the grocery store is the opposite of the resilient dandelion in my mind because what's happened to the lettuce at no fault of the lettuce actually wild lettuce is an incredible plant that I eat a lot of and it's bitter what's happened to the domesticated lettuce is they've bred the bitterness out of it because the US American palette is one of white bread of the lack of flavor and so what's happened by doing that is they've also bred the nutrients out of it and the medicine out of it and they've bred a plant that needs pesticides in order to protect it but how it protected itself before was the bitterness so by being bitter the plant can still be eaten but not overeaten so it protects itself but still allows it to be food and medicine to other animals so the other way that you can reduce the bitterness though and this is for real this isn't a joke is you just saute it you heat it up and by doing that you decrease the bitterness and the same goes for the other strong flavored greens so what I like to make is something called horta which is a Greek word which means like a mess of different cooked greens so what you do is you take your different greens you chop them up and then you saute them in olive oil and then you add lemon and salt very simple it's a way to eat a whole lot of greens and I like to eat raw greens but when it comes to foraging with a lot of the stronger flavors I'm able to eat a lot more greens and get a lot more nutrients in by cooking them so I add a lot of them to soups and stews sometimes I juice but mostly it's sauteing or blanching is the other thing I do which is you just put you just put them into a pot pour boiling water over them and then let that sit for about a minute and when the leaves actually have turned brighter green you take them out and the nutrients are then more available and more digestible you don't leave them in until they turn like a bland green it's while they're brighter green so would I eat this dandelion yes did I just consume some pesticides I'm guessing so based on where we are right now am I worried about that no but would I make a habit of eating these dandelions as my staple diet I would not do that I would go to areas where less pesticides are sprayed but I really wanted to come here to the capital because I just thought it would be wonderful to see what's growing here and I thought it would be a very interesting place to end the month of eating from the land and I will say normally I do not check the places out in advance but I was worried so I got here a couple hours early to see if there actually would be any food and it only took me about 20 minutes to find over 10 different foods and medicines so even here food and medicine exists we're going to meet oak but we're going to go meet the magnificent giant white oak back there in a moment this is a little lovely little oak here so let's can oh okay another note on dandelion of course the leaves are edible the flowers are edible the stems of the flower so this flower has already gone you know you know the yellow dandelion flowers this is already flowered and it's already in its seed stage and it hasn't opened up yet but the stem is also edible the milk inside of that edible and then the roots are edible as well and how you work with the roots as medicine is you dig up the roots you roast them I like to chop them up first roast them in a pan or in the oven until they're like crispy dry or you can basically break it they're brittle that means you've removed all the moisture they will store long term that way for years you can just put them into jars or bags and then you then you well then what I like to do is grind them in a blender but you don't have to do that and it turns into basically like what looks like coffee sort of and it's used as a coffee substitute it's not caffeinated but it does have a nice aroma and it has a nice flavor so it's got that nice morning like kick to it and what you can the other roots you can do this with so dandelion, burdock, chicory and doc you can do the same exact process of just digging up the roots chopping them up roasting them or and then blending that up into a nice coffee like powder and then you just boil that and then you have a really nice tea and it's great for the winter right now is root harvesting season and you can harvest those until the ground freezes you can still harvest them after the ground freezes it's just a lot of work so now is the time to be harvesting those roots so that's a wonderful wonderful tea very hearty very nice to drink through the winter and what I like to do is with that a mixture of different mushrooms like chaga, reishi, lion's mane and turkey tail and mitake which that's a lot you know I know we're all we're beginners here but I want to share that excitement of that medicinal mushroom tea those are five of the medicinal mushrooms in the stamets stack which is like seven different mushrooms cordyceps and there's one other but you can forge all of those in the dc region and then the other thing is it's not again it's not caffeinated but I just want to give a little shout out to a plant called yapan halli which grows in the southern united states which is the only caffeinated plant to this continental the only native caffeinated plant to basically continental united states it yeah and it's very closely related it's a cousin to yerba mate and so it has the same benefits of green tea but it's grown right here and it grows as far north as north carolina along the coast and then from texas all the way through alabama louisiana mississippi georgia and then florida and then parts of south carolina and north carolina so if you ever take a trip down there you can harvest your caffeine and have a local caffeine source you can also buy it it's called yapan halli so okay now we've talked about dandelion does anybody have any questions on dandelion before we scoot on to the next plant which everyone's that ends up being here for the for the roots portion um i'm guessing you rinse off the roots first before you roast them so the question is would i rinse off the roots before roasting them depends on how busy i am that day um when you're roasting the roots you're going to kill any bacteria that's in that soil so there's no harm in eating you know having some of that soil and it's also going to sit at the bottom of the cup so it's not going to go into your mouth so that's a preference whether you you know scrub them down most people would probably scrub them down i may or may not depending on what i'm up to that day thank you yeah so dandelion has quite a few plants that look similar to it but they're all in the lettuce family so you have dandelions wild lettuce and then um thistles and all thistles lettuces and dandelions are edible um and so some are going to be undesirable some are going to have thorns and you can see the thorns and not put them into your mouth or put them in your mouth if you want to but all the all the thistles are also edible you can work with those um so and then chicory looks like it too but chicory is you treat chicory just as dandelion um chicory has a ridge of hairs along the bottom but it doesn't matter chicory and dandelion you can eat the leaves in the same way and use the roots so one of the reasons dandelion is a great plant to start with is because it is a very easy to identify beginner one anything you're finding that now okay one note on that look alike depends on how much you're paying attention because there's certainly things that are green and our leaves and are toxic and can kill you now also i'll say there's very few things that can kill you this whole idea of like being afraid of dying it's very hard to die most people who die are people who are just picking up random most of the time mushrooms and not having any paying attention just eating them very rarely does a forager actually die from eating a plant but the really toxic plant would be water hemlock and poison hemlock those would be like you know the the real those are the ones that cause some deaths but 100 avoidable um so dandelion's a very easy one to get started with one oh yes yeah i mean so oh that's one other thing another way you can identify dandelion is it does have a latex that comes out of it which i'm not seeing any coming out of this one right now there's just the tiniest bit yeah but um yes so she mentioned a sensitivity to latex um i'm definitely some people are sensitive to a lot of things and that's one of the tips of foraging is anytime you're working with a new plant just try a little bit the first time that's one of the other really important safety tips is with any new plant just try a little bit and ideally you can be extra safe if you only try one new plant per day because then if you do have a reaction you'll know what plant you're reacting to i have tried 15 new plants in a day so i'm not saying i follow all of these rules but as beginners if you want to play it safest one new plant a day and always just nibble you know a little bit of each plant to start with um but also you know do what feels right to you like dandelion they sell it at the grocery store it's a domesticated crop i've never heard of anyone having any real reaction to it so most of the plants that i'm introducing you today like you can put them into your salad bowl so that's dandelion any last questions on dandelion sure yes so the question was like will i harvest different plants differently and the answer is yes so if i wanted to harvest a dandelion without damaging the plant what i would do is i would harvest if there's well like from this dandelion plant right here i would just harvest maybe half of these leaves but that being said as i've said dandelion is also one that you can harvest for the root and if you're harvesting the root it means you're pulling up the whole plant so dandelion is one of those plants that is so abundant that you can absolutely harvest as you desire darn it now i really want it that's a nice dick dandelion root anyone got a shovel i'm sure the white house or the capital is not too happy about this i'll cover it back up so there's a little chunk of dandelion root there so that's a sidetrack from the original question which was yes every plant i'm going to harvest differently but so far we've been talking about weeds that there's so much of it that there's not a need to worry about harvesting too much dandelion or things like that they come back very prolifically we will see if there's a plant today that i would harvest in smaller quantities but here on this lawn you know again we're mostly harvesting weeds but yes so the key is like for example let's talk about wild ramps for a minute wild ramps are one of the plants that do sometimes get decimated there's acre sometimes acres of it are destroyed and that's from harvesting the bulbs generally with ramps i harvest the leaves and not the bulbs but if i do harvest the bulbs if there's like 10 in a clump i'll just harvest like three or four from each clump and some plants actually thrive on being thin because the reality is is that a lot of plants have developed over tens of thousands of well yeah tens of thousands of years with the human beings who lived with them so when the colonizers came to the united states and they saw or what we call the united states now and they saw what they thought was like pure untouched nature what they were actually seeing was the indigenous people the the forest that they had tended to and they had made they had they had been tending to these these plants for hundreds or thousands of years and they were super abundant forests of food by working with the animals and the plants and so a lot of these plants have developed over many many many years along with humanity so with that being said there are plants that actually thrive with human interaction there's plants where when we dig around for the roots we actually create space for more roots to grow for example or for their seeds to fall and germinate but we can also by digging open it up to what are considered invasive plants that can then thrive so every plant is different and it's about learning to work with them but again with these plants that we're doing today mostly weed so less you know less important okay so this next plant here is commonly called pepper grass another name for it is poor man's pepper and the idea of calling it poor man's pepper is this idea of foraging being something for people in poverty and that's something that you've seen more and more over the last you know 50 70 100 years is as the global industrial food system took over and we saw more things like processed foods and and white bread that's come around in what the 50s 60s there's this negative connotation with foraging that it's only something you would do because you're poor it is poverty food and poor man's pepper represents that it's called poor man's pepper as in you would only have this if you can't buy black pepper but my friend Eric Joseph Lewis he started to call this rich man's pepper and that's what I call it now too because the reality is is that foraging with the right mindset allows you to access foods that honestly I could never afford some days I eat like 300 dollars worth of food I could never buy the you know my toky or hen of the woods that's 30 a pound at the supermarket but I'll find 200 dollars of that at one tree so definitely foraging is about taking back you know a lot of this this fear of people looking down on you I mean for me to be sitting here on the ground and eating food from the ground is definitely I like it because it's humbling it helps me to you know stay humble and to connect with plants in this way so I like to call this one rich man's pepper and it's used as a pepper substitute if well here we'll pass we'll pass this around and you can all take a little nibble if you want to pass that around while we're talking about it so the leaves of peppergrass are edible and the seed heads are seed pods are edible as well the seed pods I find to be most desirable when they're green like they are now and it's again I mentioned used as a pepper substitute but if you go into this expecting black pepper you're going to be disappointed so instead going to it expecting something else and I consider this like more like a wasabi-ish type of flavor or actually it tastes just like watercress to me which I love watercress it's one of my favorite greens one of my favorite foods so yeah I give it a very watercressy flavor so it's a nice one you know right now with me eating 100 food from the land this is more valuable to me like adding these flavors but when I had a garden and was both growing and foraging all of my food and I had all the things like coriander and cilantro and basil and thyme and rosemary and and oregano and all of these I didn't really go for this it wasn't so important but when eating just foraged food this is a really wonderful one and so you can just use these fresh I've never actually dried them I don't know if they hold on to their flavor dry so I tend to use this as a fresh one so this is again rich man's pepper poor man's pepper or pepper grass and the leaves and the flowers and you can eat the stock as well the stock is a little more tough but you can eat it so that is that plant anybody have any questions about this yes not the root just the above ground area but the stock is not something people would generally eat because it's like fibrousy but if you were like to be efficient well again I don't know if you would dry this because I think you use you lose the flavor by drying but with a lot of herbs like this I'll dry them and then blend them up including the the stem and then there's just that you know bit of woodiness because it's but because it's blended it doesn't really matter but this I don't think that would apply to this because watercress loses its flavor dried so I think this probably would as well so yeah other questions on this plant so the next plant that I want to introduce you to is a very small plant right here oh here's a nice nice little patch of rich man's pepper and next to it is can anyone recognize this from where you are it's it's a small one to be looking at so it's not the most ideal it's got these little green berries on it it's not a horse nettle but I could see how it looks like that no no pokers on it so I'm going to pick this and bring it over here so this is a plant that is by many books considered to be highly toxic uh even you know by some books considered to be deadly this is something that is called some people consider it to be deadly nightshade but this is not deadly nightshade this is american nightshade and it has been eaten by well according to sam Thayer's literature three billion people around the world actually eat the leaves of this or the berries so this is black nightshade or american nightshade and it's often confused with a nightshade from europe that is toxic however you do not generally find that growing very often I've actually maybe seen it once to my recollection so um when this plant is young and tender the leaves are eaten by millions of people around the world potentially over a billion people africa parts of africa and asia in particular is where I've heard about that and then the berries when they are ripe are edible not when they're green so when the berries are ripe they turn like black and they're a shiny black they have um and the the fruit so they're a nightshade like tomatoes and there are a lot of plants that are nightshades that are toxic potatoes um have toxic leaves although some people do boil them that are you know in extreme conditions and they can boil them enough times to remove those toxins and eat them um you know the leaves of of peppers and of eggplants so there's some edible nightshades but a lot of nightshades are toxic so that being said this is not a beginner plant even though billions of people have eaten it there's a lot of fear around it so if you have that fear don't have it be your first plant you know wait till later but how you identify this is the calyxes which is the little the little basically where the berry attaches to the stem there's a star-shaped calyx and that is only either smaller than the berry or about the size of the berry whereas on the toxic nightshade that is much bigger and then the leaves are different there's quite a few differences to them i'm not going to go into all those because this really is more of just an introduction the focus of today is not that you'll be able to identify all of these plants the real focus is i want just for you to be introduced to the fact that food is growing all over the place that food is growing freely and abundantly all around us i'm not an expert at really teaching people exactly the details of identifying that's where i would recommend books and you know youtube channels and going out with other foragers so on that note as far as going out with other foragers the resource that i recommend for that is a database that i created it's find a forager.com and there's hundreds of foragers listed on there i'm sure there's some in the dc area including eric joseph lewis who lives at plant path nursery up in noxville maryland and he's a great person to learn from in this area so that's a great website if you want to find a forager to go out with and that's one of my definite recommendations is to go out with foragers whether it's in a big group setting like this or in smaller settings and a lot of foragers are available for hire um not me i like to do this just as a you know as a service but a lot of foragers that's what they do they take people out foraging they teach them how to forage and a lot of times classes are like thirty dollars and by spending thirty dollars you will learn thousands of dollars worth of of knowledge so that's a little bit about uh the black nightshade who knows this one nope very common like the oak yes anyone know what kind of maple it is sugar maple it says right here on the sign acer saccharum um that's the genus in species so we're not going to talk for long about sugar maple but who knows what you can make from the sugar maple maple syrup so i would love to see one of you tap this tree in the spring if you do please let me know i think that would be amazing to tap the sugar maple in front of the us capital uh if none of you are going to do it i may have to take a trip back up here for that that is uh around here probably march has anyone ever tapped a maple do you know what time of year that would be or was that here march nice so just a note on maple on maple syrup so maple syrup comes from the maple tree there are different maples that you can harvest from but the sugar maple aptly named is the most productive there's other trees that you can make syrups from as well um to tap the tree it's a pretty simple it's a pretty basic thing um and basically you you have a tap with a metal spigot and then the water flows out of it it is it is a sustainable thing that you can do you can harvest maple syrup in a way that doesn't damage the tree and what you're doing is in the spring when all this water is flowing up you're having you're accessing some of that water and it's got that sugar in it so it's about a 40 or 60 to one ratio of water to sugar so you have to boil down a lot of water to get maple syrup but you can also just drink that maple sap that maple water straight out of the tree as well which is a nice experience so sugar maple that's all i'm going to say about that oh so come look at this everyone so this is all this is wood sorrel but growing like you would see clovers like i showed you how wood sorrel is you know higher up but this is all that little wood sorrel all over here you can see here's a plant of it coming up and here's another plant coming up right here but this is all tiny little wood sorrels so if anybody would like to taste wood sorrel this would be a good opportunity if you want to try that lemonyness go in for a little nibble take a few leaves there's plenty so plantago is actually both the genus and the common name for this plant so most plants their you know latin name which is you have a genus and a species this is plantago major most of the time your common name is not going to be that at all but um this happens to have the same common name as his latin name plantago so there's two species of plantago around plantago major goodbye nice to see you um plantago major and plantago minor plantago minor is going to have leaves that are lancelate which means they're like kind of like like pointy um and then plantago major has these rounded leaves and these leaves can get you know way bigger and they're in lots of lawns and it's just kind of ridiculous how hard it is to find plantago or another name for this is broadleaf plantain or narrowleaf plantain and they are one of the most common plants across what we call north america in fact they're called white man's footprint is another name for them because they came over with the colonizers and they spread all across this land that being said there is also a native species and the native species actually has purple on its stem that's how you know that you have the native one either one can be used medicinally the same way as food or as medicine um and same with the narrowleaf plantain so let's see so normally you'll find this in huge quantities and it's just so ironic that there's none of it here uh you know on this lawn i'm really surprised because we found lots of other you know weeds but for some reason this one's just not around but um one way to identify this is that it's got these very very um the the veins are very prominent very pronounced veins you can see those there and when you when you rip this apart gently often those veins will actually stay together that didn't quite happen but you can see that one vein came outside can you see that back there there's like this one little vein sticking out it's pretty small let me see if i can do this one no it doesn't always do it the veins yeah veins of salary yeah there you could see a few veins so that's one of the um sort of identifying things about it you'll see this plant is all over and so how i work with plantago is like the others i put this into into horta the you know sauteed greens with lemon and salt and then this is often used as a so this is considered to be one of the most medicinal plants here in north america there's so many medicinal plants there's many most medicinal plants but this is considered to be one of them and so this is one of those being your food being your medicine for sure but the other commonly thing done with this is you just so if i get stung by a bee because i'm a beekeeper well you can get stung by a bee if you're not a beekeeper but if you're a beekeeper you're more likely to get stung by bees more often what i do is i'll chew up a bunch of leaves give it a good chewing and then where i got stung like if i was stung right here i'll take that and this is called a poultice and i'll put that nice green juiciness right onto the sting and in herbalism they say that this draws out the toxins i don't know if exactly what it's doing but what i've found is that if i do this after getting stung by a honeybee if i do it within a couple of minutes i barely swell at all and if i don't sometimes i swell up like big because i have what's called an extreme local reaction so if i get stung right here like i've had both my eyes closed i'm not having like an allergic reaction like that's you know could close up my throat it's only local but by doing this it can not swell hardly at all so it's a wonderful medicine and you can do it fresh or um you can dehydrate it and then mix it with honey and then put that as a paste on there and you like to keep it on for a good half hour so either way and then with the honey stuff you can just lick it right off afterwards so it's a tasty medicine as well and i didn't show a good example of it but well let me see if i can do a little better of a job because what you want to do so i'm taking like four leaves i give a nice chewing okay so there now see that nice green juice coming out of there like i'll see if i can drip it down like you see how green that is you've like chewed the green out of the leaves and that's apoltis so that's a very simple medicine that we can make just with our own mouth our own saliva and the plants growing around us yeah so this is used for other irritations i wouldn't say it would be one for for poison ivy another name for poison ivy is sister ivy because we don't call each other by our bad characteristics as humans so it's a way to you know have more positive association with plants um so i tend to call it sister ivy but uh i don't know of it being used for sister ivy or poison ivy but it's definitely for for any stings or scratches and things like that it can be beneficial for those other questions on plantago or plantain and it's not related to like plantains like the banana don't know why it has that same name yes yes narrowleaf plantain broadleaf plantain native or non-native all can be used in the same ways and again you'll find huge amounts of this and sometimes the leaves are like this big like they can get actually i've seen leaves like that big in gardens you can grow it in your garden but it grows all over also noting that the seed heads are also edible and what i like to do with the seeds is actually um like fry them up and they make a nice uh garnish on your salad as well and when the seed heads are young and you can like bite right through the stem the whole seed head is edible and then when they're older that's when you strip the seeds off and then you can fry those up for a garnish on your salad dressing so the next plant i want to talk about here is oak so this is a white oak there's over there's about a hundred species of oaks in what we call the united states and oak is one of the most important plants to humanity so many of the indigenous people of what we call california were acorn people up to 50 percent or more than 50 percent of their calories their food was the acorn people have existed off of acorn one way that you know how powerful it is is there's very few foods where the name of the food is different from the plant itself the oak the acorn and so that shows just how important of a food this has been to humanity there aren't really acorn people today because um the food culture has been stolen or lost over the last hundreds of years by most indigenous people so there aren't people that live on acorns today still but they still are an incredibly important food what's ironic about them is they are one of the most important foods to humanity still because of a lot of the animals that eat them so deer and pigs and you know a lot of the animals that are still eaten today by people are largely subsisting on acorns a lot of the times um but what's so ironic about it is that it's such an important food but 99 percent of people will just you know they'll see them on the sidewalk and they'll just step over them or drive their cars over them on the road and never realize how incredible of a food source they are i don't consider acorns to be beginner foraging just because they require some processing and so how you process acorns is you break them out of their shell and then you grind them up break them up and you put them in either boiling water i guess there's a squirrel up there you put them in either boiling water or cold water and what you're doing there is you're leaching the tannins out so acorns are toxic raw now you can absolutely eat an acorn or a couple acorns raw no problem they're just really high in tannins and tannins can actually be beneficial for us but if you're eating acorns as a sustenance or any you know any amount really besides just tasting some then you need to remove the tannins and you can do that through a hot bath or through a cold bath and through a hot bath you you basically are boiling out the tannins through a cold bath you have to do more water changes but you don't have to use the you know the electricity or the or the or the you know the natural or the gas and so how it works is you're removing the tannins that are water soluble and after a certain number of baths depending on the tree type you'll be left with acorn mash which can be eaten just like that and is wonderful or you can dry that out and turn it into acorn flour and then you can add that in with your breads and your muffins and you know all sorts of things like that so acorns are a wonderful staple food if you want to like live off the land from foraged food acorns are you know one of your best friends they are an incredible resource and there's so much food that can come from them so there is a black walnut tree at the end of this park and it is the one with the well it actually is labeled because it was devoted to someone so if you walk down the sidewalk on your way out you'll see a tree that has a plaque on it and you can read it and it says black walnut and black walnut has the leaves that are basically sort of small and it's it's like it's what's called a leaflet so it's a leaf that has many little leaves on it and they black walnut produces a green husk and i wish i had some of those with me but it's a green husk that's about like this big a round ball it's got a real unique smell to it if you pick it up and scratch it it's got a strong smell to it and so you'll find if you start to look you'll see black walnut growing all over the place and inside of those husks is the walnut shell and inside of the shell is the nut does anybody happen to have a hammer all right so there's no hammer so there's no way we're getting this open right now i would have loved to have opened one to show you but inside of this is the nut meat and so black walnut is something that you can harvest in large quantities and you can eat it really pretty easily like you could just go out and experiment with this tomorrow or tonight and so how you remove the husk you can just oop acorn fallen you can just um leave the the the nuts in the husk out to rot for like a couple weeks and the husk will rot right off or you can just put them in a bag and smash that in the ground on the ground to get the stuff off you can either wait or you can do it more rapidly and then you're left with you'll have the the shells these can store for years so you can hold on to these for years and just crack them open through the winter and then you can just eat the nut meat directly out of these they're generally better after letting them sit like this for a couple of months not in the heat like in your basement or in your pantry or something like that the flavor tends to improve they are generally most desired for being used in baking rather than eating fresh they have a flavor that people don't a lot of people don't love so but they're prized for baking in fact you could even buy black walnut at the store okay and i just mentioned ginko which is from japan also from japan japanese is the first word does that help anyone japanese not weed have any of you heard of that so this is considered to be a highly invasive plant um one thing i just want to say about invasive plants is um well two things the plant itself is not evil they've been taken away from their normal existence most of the time by humanity often placed there intentionally by humanity and then vilified so the plant itself is not inherently bad or evil now one of the great things we can do to reduce invasives is we can actually eat them unlike a lot of people who just spray them with pesticides my way of turning of working with invasives is to actually eat them in permaculture there's a saying and that is the problem is the solution japanese not weed is the problem turn it into dinner as a solution so the last 30 days i've i've eaten 100 food that i've foraged myself and this is going to be my first food that i didn't forage this was given to me by a wonderful forager named isa in new haven and these are japanese not weed that she foraged in apple cider vinegar so this is my first food now that the month is over and i've never had not weed before either so this is a new food too incredibly underwhelming hmm um let's pass it around everybody have one that would like to stick your fingers in there i really i don't mind so it's all everybody here is a human being who can make their own choices of whether or not to stick their fingers in there and eat one but there is one for everyone no it's good but as far as the first food is stronger yeah yeah actually it's getting a little better so um so that's job that's not weed it's definitely one to get to know you eat the shoots of that in the spring and it's a it's definitely desirable oh so um on that note i would like to just share two things whoa the squirrels are getting active i just shared i'd like to share two things before we finish for the evening and then um i'll then well okay so um as i mentioned earlier you know this whole month of eating 100% from the land and being here and talking about plants i would not be doing this if it was just about plants i mean i love plants and it's wonderful to harvest our food from the land but for me this is about so much more this is about taking back power from a broken food system and about creating equitable just regenerative food systems food systems where when we eat we're actually giving back to the earth rather than taking from the earth and so this is also about taking our power back in knowing that we can find our food and our medicine growing around us and that we don't need to have everything wrapped in plastic shipped around the world and that by connecting with with ourselves and with the resources around us we can learn the skills that we need in order to break free from exploitative oppressive systems and exist in a way that is actually beneficial to the earth and then for me there's two things that i've really gathered over the last uh 10 years i just realized that was sort of like a pun i'm not really a pun guy gathered foraging but anyway so there's two things that i've really gathered over the last 10 years of or so of activism and just reconnecting with the earth and uh as far as solutions to the world's problems and number one is community these systems are really designed to you know we look at us american society and it's a system of individualism where the idea is we all earn the dollar and then we can all buy everything we need or pay for whatever service we need and then we don't need anybody else independence and we we act like that as an american society as well that we don't need anybody else and that the american society is the most important but to me i believe the solution to our to that is really community the idea of independence i think we're coming to see is an illusion you know with the seven or eight billion people that exist on this world we've realized that actually this is a tiny little earth that we live on as Carl Sagan calls it a pale blue dot and everybody on this earth is ultimately our neighbor so now that we know the earth is so small we realize that we have to work together as a community in order to be able to solve our problems and so for me community is us that's here together it's us as a nation it's us with all of our global neighbors but we also need to work together as a community with our plant and animal relatives so my belief is that most of our problems can be solved through community coming together sharing our skills our knowledge our resources and by doing that we can break free from the things that don't serve our best interest as a society and as individuals and then the other thing for me as it comes down to biodiversity and diversity so would you look at ecosystems that still function and amazingly through all of the destruction that humanity has done the earth still is here still turning still producing these acorns even on the us capital lawn how much food did we just find and I don't even know all of it by any means this is just me a guy who's been doing this for five years and what we were able to find in this day so all ecosystems that are truly functioning are functioning through millions well in each an ecosystem thousands or tens of thousands of species interacting in millions and billions of different ways that is the definition of biodiversity and my belief is that biodiversity is the solution to our problems as far as having a resilient earth and it's also in our gardens when we grow hundreds of different plants they work together when there's a pest that eat that's eating the kale it's okay because we have 98 or 99 different plants that we can be eating and the same goes for humanity when a society tries to say there's just one right way of doing things and everything else is wrong that's the opposite of diversity and so to me diversity is a diversity of thoughts a diversity of different ways of coming about things and learning how we can work together and sure there's ways that we're not going to get along and we're not going to agree with each other but learning how we can compassionately communicate with each other and through embracing that diversity and that community you know figure out these problems that we have and find the solutions for how we can all get along on this beautiful earth that we call home so I'm grateful for all of you being here today and taking time to get to know some of our plant relatives and learning more about how we can reconnect to the earth and break free from consumerism and capitalism and colonialism and just live joyous wonderful lives together and the last note is that equally important as medicine for plants is hugs 12 hugs a day keeps the doctor away so I love hugs and I'm happy to share with everyone who would like and also hug each other hugs are great and even if you do a 30 second hug it supposedly like tunes your rhythm in and like just releases stress and anxiety look at all the medicine we have right inside of our inside of ourselves just with hugs so I love you all very much and I'm so happy to be here with all of you


Welcome to Toffy TV, it is the Everton News Daily, well in the last couple of hours it's been reported that Everton have rejected a bid of 100 million euros from Barcelona for Recharlison. Lot of widespread panic about this, Alan Myers came through with the news and then it came on Sky Sports News. Since then Everton have categorically denied that there has been a bid from Barcelona and sources from close to Barcelona as well say that they're not interested in the player either. So not entirely sure where this story has come from or what really is going on. But with a couple of days left at the transfer window it is unwelcome speculation for obviously a player that has signed a new contract only a month ago or so, just over a month ago. So 100 million euros which are created by 85 million pounds, is that enough for Recharlison? I don't personally think it is, I think this is a player that in the next couple of years will be worth three times what we paid for him from Wathford.  Obviously this time last year we had the situation with Ghana and although he was brilliant for the rest of the season he obviously did leave to go to Palestine as your man but let's hope fingers crossed this is just nonsense and it's just speculation coming from one source or another. It wouldn't surprise me considering that in the last couple of days Barcelona was apparently bidding for Bruno Fernandez and then suddenly Manchester United up their bid. So this might be agents using our player to get another player into Barcelona or a club to agree a fee for another player, I'm not sure but it is as I said unwelcome speculation for a player that hopefully will be back to play against Wathford on Saturday. Let's hope it all just goes away and we can all just concentrate on the Charleston playing for Everton. In other transfer news, Andy Evans has left Everton, he has signed for Paderborn, it is a permanent deal, they are currently 17th in the Bundesliga, I think they are 3 points away from safety and hopefully Andy Evans can help them achieve that. A really good technical player, fantastic dead ball specialist but just never really had enough to make it into the first team, he's been on loan to Blackpool. But I think technically his skills deserve to play at a higher level and we've seen a lot of players go to Germany and obviously John Joe Kenny is over there at the moment. Hopefully he'll get a lot of first team football and hopefully it will be a good place for him to develop the rest of his career. A really top talent and we wish him well there. Another player who could be leaving Everton before Friday's deadline date is Morgan Feeney. It looks like he's going on loan to Tramir before the deadline date. He might be joined as well by James Vaughan, the ex-Everton striker could be during him and it's funny as it would always talk about FA Cup replays and things. It could be that money from the replays and the game against Manchester United that has enabled Tramir to get the deal through. I know Morgan Feeney's agent is very close to Tramir so that might have helped the deal as well and Morgan certainly needs the first team football. I need to go into the lower leagues to see if he can again become a better player. There's sort of getting a new contract at Everton as well, maybe a couple of years depending. If he does well, Everton might bring him back. If he does well but Everton still don't think he's good enough for the Premier League then they can sell the player. So we'll find out more in the next 48 hours obviously before that window closes. A player who is currently on loan keying down suffered a bit of a bad injury for Wigan in their 2-1 win over Sheffield Wednesday. He's got a win now for the results of an ankle injury. He's stretched it off in the 2-1 win. If he is out injured then it is a bad one. He's had a really disappointing season again. Obviously he was at Darby for the beginning of the year. Never got as many chances as he thought he was going to get. Then obviously they brought Wayne Rooney in and that completely sort of stopped any kind of chance. He came back, went to Wigan and it was hoped that playing every game with a few familiar faces around would really help him. But this injury again would be a major setback for the player. Again a player who's Everton Cread does seem to be coming towards the end now rather than flourishing. Which is what a lot of people thought he would be doing at this time. Also Lewis Gibson is expected to sign a new contract before Friday. Also there's a possibility of him going out on loan as well. Everton looking to reshuffle the academy, the other 23 players. Get the players out they don't want. Some players out they want out on loan and get a few tied down to new contracts. The ones they believe that are going to be the future of the club. Hopefully the future of the club. Another player who could be leaving in the next 48 hours is Cugomartina. He's obviously been on loan before. We obviously thought we were going to let him go to Holland and he was going to stay in Holland. I think he went to Stoke as well didn't he? But apparently there's a couple of clubs that are looking at him. He's out of contact in the end of the season so this could be a chance for him to go on loan for the rest of the season. Which would finish his Everton career and that would be it. Obviously Everton I have been trying to get rid of him and Oomar and the Ass with little success. Because football teams are a little bit more choosy now of players they're bringing. Other than unlike ourselves in the last three years. So let's hope that Cugomartina will leave Everton in the next 48 hours. It doesn't look like Everton are going to bring anyone in in the next 48 hours. Unless there's a massive change in offers or policy in terms of players. Unless it's a loan that comes from the middle of nowhere. It doesn't really look like Everton are going to bring anyone in. So there you go the news tonight that Richarlison has been linked with a move to Barcelona. But hopefully it is nonsense and we can all move on from it. There you go if you like this video please give it a like. Subscribe if you haven't already and if you want more great videos join us over on page. The link is in the description. Thanks for watching. See you later.