Ecuador heads for early presidential elections this year after Guillermo Lasso dissolved the legislature late last month. What is the mood on the ground in Ecuador? The Australian government is planning to pass legislation to block the construction of a new Russian embassy in Canberra, citing security concerns. Is there more to this than diplomatic muscle flexing? And what has led to sectarian tensions in India's state of Uttarakhand? Welcome to I am your host Shreya and these are the stories for the day. After an extraordinary series of events last month involving the dissolution of Ecuador's legislature by its incumbent President Guillermo Lasso, eight presidential candidates have entered the race for the early elections scheduled to be held in August. The winning candidate will hold the position till the end of 2025 for the remaining period of what would have been Lasso's term as president. On May 17, Ecuadorian President Guillermo Lasso decreed the dissolution of the country's parliament using a never-before-tested constitutional clause known as cross-death, plunging the country into an unprecedented political crisis. Martin from People's Dispatch joins us now for more. Welcome to the show, Martin. Thanks for joining us today. So first off, who are these presidential candidates? There are eight of them. Can you take us through each of them or give us a general overview of what it looks like right now? Yes, thank you for having me. It's been a very unusual time in Ecuador. It's an unusual election in the middle of the term. We have eight candidates. It went from supposedly should have been 16 candidates, it went to eight. And the candidates are basically going to run for a term of a year and a half until the end of what should have been Lasso's term. The eight candidates are very different from very different parties and the spectrum of the politics in Ecuador. The first one is Javier Ervas, who is a center-right-wing person, a liberal basically. He ran for presidency in 2021 and he got a pretty good amount of numbers of votes. But he had just said that he wouldn't run and on the next day he presented his candidacy. Then we have Yacu Pérez, who is an indigenous person, but linked to the right-wing NGOs and USAID, for example, they have very tight ties between him and these organizations that usually come to Latin America for some sort of destabilization. He also has the support of some part of the indigenous movement in Ecuador, which is also a very broad movement that goes from very left-wing people like Leonida to very right-wing people as other indigenous leaders in the country. Then we also have Jan Topik, who is, from my point of view, one of the most dangerous candidates. He has a very high possibility of winning and he would be some sort of Bolsonaro or Bukele in Ecuador. He's a mercenary. This is not a way of saying thing. He's literally a mercenary. He fought in several wars. He's pro-guns, pro-repression, a very right-wing person and with ties to these kind of movements that are very repressive, very, I would even say Trump-like candidacy, which is very worrisome. Then we have Luisa Gonzales, who is the candidate for the Citizens' Revolution. She will go with Andrés Arauz for Vice President. Andrés Arauz was the one who went for the presidency in 2021. The first election that the Citizens' Revolution lost, I have to say. They are pretty good candidates. There is a lot of sound around them too because Luisa Gonzales, people didn't think she would go for the candidacy. We thought that Andrés Arauz would be the candidate, but it is the Citizens' Revolution, the process that lasted 10 years in Ecuador and modernized the country and had a very progressive agenda. And I got to say, this is the candidacy that I think the other seven candidacies are going to try to beat. It's going to be that. I think they're hoping to go to a second round in the elections and then they will all unite against this candidacy. Then we have Otto Sonnenhoesner. That's a very rough last name to say. He was the Vice President to Lenin Moreno after they took out Jorge Glass, and he's a right-wing person, businessman, and hoping to keep implementing the right-wing neoliberal policies that have been going in Ecuador for the last six years. I think also he has a pretty good chance to be the one that would go to the second round. And then we have Fernando Villavicencio. He is indescribable. He's a right-wing person that has been attacking the Citizens' Revolution very close to the U.S. Embassy and to U.S. aid and a very typical person of that sort, I would say. And then we have Bolivar Armijos, who is also a candidate. He says he's from the Citizens' Revolution, but it is not. And I think it's one of the candidates that will try to take votes from the Luisa Andrés candidacy.  His father went for the presidency several times and lost all of them, and now he will go and it's a pretty right-wing businessman person. Martin, thanks for that. But another question would be, what makes these elections significant? We know there's been a political crisis triggered by the dissolution of the parliament. But before that, Lasso is not a very preferred candidate because of all the corruption scandals and because of the embezzlement or funds. In general, why are these elections significant? So, yes, Lasso is leaving the presidency at the middle of his term. Now these elections will pick both an assembly, a legislative power and the executive power for the rest of the term. And we will have, once again, elections in 2025, if I'm correct. These elections are very very unusual in a sense. Ecuador, before the citizen revolution, we had 10 presidents in eight years before the citizen revolution. Then we had the term of Rafael Correa, two terms, two and a half terms, that were a very stable moment in the history of Ecuador. And now, once again, we have this turmoil. The term muerte cruzada, which is what Lasso applied, it wasn't just the dissolution of the parliament. It was, yes, but it was anticipated elections. The legal term of it is anticipated elections. So, Lasso left his position or renounced to his position and dissolved the parliament, the assembly, the national assembly. So, this makes, it's a constitutional mechanism put into the Monte Cristi constitution that is a very advanced constitution in Latin America, a very good one. And this term was used and put so we don't have this in constitutional stops of presidential terms. So, it's the first time it's been used and it's kind of useful because it comes at a moment where the Lasso government has a very low credibility, a very low support. The party of Lasso Creo will not go to the elections. He will not run him or anybody from his party, neither for the presidency nor for the assembly. So, it comes in a moment where Ecuador is in a multifacetic or very crisis, very much of a crisis. We have an economic crisis, prices are going up very highly, very rapidly, even though we have the US dollar as national money, national currency. So, we shouldn't have this amount of high prices, hikes. The country has a violence crisis all over the country, especially in the provinces of Esmeraldas and Guayas. For example, the prison crisis where there have been massacres in the prisons, loads of them in the past years and so on. So, it comes in a moment where Lasso has this crisis implemented mainly because of the neoliberal policies implemented by Lenin Moreno and Guillermo Lasso and the countries in a total crisis. The National Assembly was making a political trial for the impeachment of Lasso and then he uses the Muerte Cruzada, the cross-dead power that he had. And so, now we have, from the moment he signed that decree, we had six months to have a new president and a new National Assembly. So, this is why it's a very unusual election that will last the term of the president and the new National Assembly, will last only a year and a half, basically, until we have the next presidential and National Assembly elections. That was programmed for 2025, if I'm correct. All right. Thank you so much for joining us today for that important update, Martin. Thank you for joining us. Thank you very much. The Australian government has fast-tracked legislation to block the construction of a new Russian embassy in the national capital Canberra. The move, which reportedly comes after security concerns will cancel Russia's lease for the new embassy site, which is set to be located near Australia's Parliament House. The decision, which Prime Minister Anthony Albanese has said was based on national security interests, comes in the backdrop of the war in Ukraine. And to talk more about this, we are now joined by Anish. Hi, Anish. Thank you for joining us. So what has happened is this blocking of the construction of the new Russian embassy, but how do we decode something like this? Because national security and national interests have been called into question in fast-tracking this legislation. So how do we understand this, first of all? Yeah, so let's begin with the fact that the so-called legislation or the attempt to block has not yet happened. So they are planning a legislation. Now, what shape it will take is going to be very interesting to see, because I don't know how they're going to, like the kind of language that they're going to use, whether they do not want any embassies near the Parliament House. The whole thing was that this new embassy site is very close to the Parliament House. So if they do not want any embassies whatsoever near the Parliament House, or they're just going to create a specific legislation just to block the Russians is something that we need to wait and see. On the other hand, we need to remember that, like, there was a litigation that was happening and the Russian ambassador or the Russian embassy actually won the case over the lease last month, where the federal court actually decided that there was nothing wrong in leasing. There was nothing illegal in leasing this land and the Russians had every right to do what they deemed there, including construction and new embassies. So this land was actually given out in 2008, 2009, and there has been plans for creating a new embassy since 2011. But the fact that it was low-paced was one of the reasons that they used earlier to get the lease cancelled to block a new embassy site. But now they're using national security just like barely a month after. This whole thing came up very new, very recently, and national security concerns were not a part of the decision when they actually leased out the land or even when they tried to cancel the lease. So this whole thing shows that this was an entirely ad hoc, very political reaction from the Australian government. And it is very difficult to understand why the immediate, what was the immediate trigger for this, but definitely the fact that legally they can't do anything. So they have to create a new law just to block this one, shows that this is a very reactive effort by the Australian government. Right, Anish. And the backdrop within which all of this is happening is very obvious to all the audience, the war in Ukraine. Can you tell us something also about Australia's efforts to pump in more military aid in Ukraine? Yeah, so it is something that we need to always remember how Australia keeps falling within the ambit of US foreign policy. It's pretty much the Australian foreign policy more or less has always been an extension to US foreign policy in the region, in the Asia-Pacific region, even at the cost of its own national interest many a time. Like we saw that recently with their whole trade sanctions that they tried to do with China, and they actually suffered in terms of trade and economy because China was their biggest trading partner and there was no export market that they could actually find that could replace China at that moment, even today. So they're doing something very similar to Russia. At this point, we have seen the Australian government along with a couple of other pro-US governments in the region like Japan and South Korea sanctioned hundreds. I think in the case of Australia, there has been more than a thousand individuals and entities in Russia that were sanctioned by the Australian government over this whole war in Ukraine. So Australia has taken a very partisan side at this moment and it is actually pumping in a lot of aid and even equipments and arms even to the Ukrainian side in this entire war that we have seen that has unfolded in Ukraine. So even recently we are seeing that the Ukrainians are actually looking for significant donations in terms of fighter jets by the Australian state and it shows that the Australian state is quite cozy with the government there. So definitely this is part of an extended war like a diplomatic sort of war that Russia is embattled with because it's war in Ukraine and especially with these pro-Western governments. And we have to remember that they tend to show themselves as the international community very often but we must remember that it's just one block of certain governments who are actually taking the interest here and going overboard at this case. Even in the case of building an embassy it's just going overboard to try to block one country's embassy over you know your supposed state, a stated position in a war that is happening thousands of miles away from here. So definitely we need to remember all this when we talk about this incident right now. Obviously this case was long-standing that was always the argument that is being made but this whole thing about the security concern and also the statement like a very implicit statement made by Albanist himself where he said that Russia does not get to talk about international laws and customs since it apparently did not follow it during the war that is happening right now. So this whole thing definitely shows like that one very simple line that he made very clearly shows why this whole thing is happening right now and that there is an extended war of diplomatic cold war that is happening between Russia and pro-Western governments all around the world. It's not just Australia but like it is happening all around the world at this point. Thank you once again for joining us today Anish. Sectarian tensions erupted in India's state of Uttarakhand in the district of Purola on 29th May. A major rally was taken out by right-wing bodies demanding that Muslims leave the town. In videos of the rally that subsequently went viral mobs can be seen attacking Muslim-owned shops despite police presence. Subsequently posters were noticed on all Muslim run shops in the area threatening them with dire consequences. The harassment of Muslims hasn't been limited to Purola. In nearby town of Barcode shutters of shops owned by Muslims were marked with a black cross. We turn to Pragya now for the latest developments. Hi Pragya thanks for joining us. First off can you take us through the series of incidents that has taken place recently and towards the end of May and what has led to the situation at present? Yes Shreya so basically on 26th May in a hilly part of India in the small state of Uttarakhand there was one young girl and two boys who were on their way somewhere and they were waylaid by some people and the allegation was that this was a case of what the you know Hindu right in India refers to as love jihad meaning that since one of the two males with this young girl was a Muslim they and one of them was a Hindu one of them was a Muslim they alleged that this was a case of kidnapping they were taking the girl away without her you know without her consent and that the not only that they also alleged that the ultimate purpose of taking her away was to you know either marry her or in some way to make her into change her religion from Hindu to Muslim. Now none of these things are based in fact these are just allegations and claims and it has actually created a horrible situation in the town of Puroda and in the state of Uttarakhand which is ruled by the party which is ruling at the center the federal level in India which is the Bharti Shanta party and the latest update right now is that the Hindu organizations decided that they would hold a grand meeting a large meeting today which some civil rights activists tried to prevent it from happening by approaching the supreme court the supreme's court said that they should go to the court in the state of Uttarakhand which finally said that well the state government is responsible for upholding law and order meaning nothing untoward should be allowed to happen and finally the government issued some prohibitory orders and said that well you cannot have this grand assembly this grand meeting of Hindu religious people of the Hindu religion in this in this town and they seem to have effectively effectively prevented it from happening the reason for the concern about law and order which the high court has expressed is is that you know ever since the girl and those two young men with her were stopped from being together and the allegations were made against them all almost all the Muslim residents of Purola who have been there reportedly living there for the last five decades almost all of them have left the town now these are small populations of Muslims who live in the hilly parts of the state which is often very remote parts and inaccessible parts and they are really like they are really people who the interesting fact that has come out is also that many of these Muslims were supporters and members of the ruling party the ruling party has been saying that they are trying to woo Muslims Muslims of a you know you know a background which is not privileged under privileged Muslims they say that they're going to help them and they're going to assist them they're going to help them in their progress they're going to help them access government schemes and they're going to be invited to vote for the ruling party as well now some of the Muslims in this town were actually supporters voters and even held minor offices for this ruling party but all of them have had to leave they have been talking to the media news click where i work has also been reporting on this issue that they are extremely disappointed and shocked and you know essentially you are rendering people homeless and the question arises you have had scum issues you've shut down their shops according to a report file news click there were 45 shops owned in polola by Muslims 42 of the shop owners and all of the muslim shop boys who worked in those shops have left so then what is the purpose of the Hindus getting together if anything it is for the state government and you know the central government since it's the same party to get together and try and find a way to get the communities to gather right right and on that note pragya i mean it may be too early to say something but where do you think this is headed given how utrakhan's politics is you mentioned it's also ruled by the bhartiya janta party which is also at the center so what do you think about that yeah shreyas hard to really predict but obviously there is a very big election coming in india next year and for the bhartiya janta party the ruling party the primary platform on which they have been asking for votes regularly in election after election whether they win or lose is the hindu plank you know the hindu plan what what what can be translated as hindu ness and you know creating this fear of losing your hindu identity among the people who constitute more than 80 percent of the population creating that fear vis-a-vis the muslims who are according to the last census about 15 to 16 percent of the population that has been their main agenda the problem is not just the fact that they are basing their politics on what is untrue but that it's actually affecting people's lives utrakhan is a tourist dependent state the local people who live there had been living peacefully now this love jihad agenda which is you know totally a trumped up agenda has been used to divide people who live together for for decades so the i mean you asked me where can it go you know it it's up to people actually to turn around and say that they don't agree and unfortunately in pruvala we're finding that the muslims who have left naturally they're very upset they're very angry and they have been saying that they are upset because the they're hindu neighbors never asked them to uh you know stay back and that is where i think the government needs to intervene that's what people also need to put pressures uh to ensure that communities aren't divided for politics because what is happening in utrakhan could very well become the bgp's model for the entire nation to model you know in a few months when the election campaign heats up and like i said they do it whether they do not lose so uh you know it's not about what happens to the electoral fortunes of one party or the other but that the economic losses the social losses the that entire fabric should not be torn apart thanks for that important update pragya thanks for joining us thanks riya and that's all we have for today for more such stories keep watching people's dispatch dot o r g you can also follow us on facebook twitter and instagram


Very good morning to you. It is Friday the 9th of July. I hope you're doing well and As per always at the end of the week just a reminder to check out the market watch Podcast by Amplify. You just need to go on Apple podcast or Spotify, whichever platform you prefer and just search for Amplify Live Market Watch new episode coming out later on today where Piers the head of trading and I will have a chat about some of the main things that happened in markets this week and certainly It's been quite an interesting and important week because we've had a considerable movement in a lot of different asset classes Yesterday the US equity indices as you saw came under some considerable selling pressure But I don't think it's yet room to quite panic At this present point in time because in the greater context of things again when you look at the daily chart on The S&P even a pullback back down here to 42 69 on the quarter Which would be a pretty decent as strong area support at that level and the market got close to that But we've managed to rebound and we're trading firmly back a 4300 handle at the moment and You know, why is this happening? There was a couple of different things that people are looking at For one prospects for the global economy have somewhat been paired back We have seen some economic data earlier this week that seemingly acted as a bit of a catalyst Which was that ISM services PMI figure it was considerably lower than expected the employment Subcomponent was in Contractionary territory after quite a significant decrease against the prior month and it's kind of feeds into Perhaps a couple of data points just rolling over a little bit from that sharp acceleration that we were seeing and people I've started to unwind a little bit of that reopening trade and then layer in with that this idea that COVID And the Delta variant is still very much globally Spreading at this point in time and I'll talk about an update in the US. We're obviously seeing that in the UK The health secretary said G Javid has been very clear that we are going to push ahead There's going to be the the reopening of the economy as planned on the 19th of which if England win the euros could also be a bank holiday Is what some people are talking about But the point being there is he said the cases are going to go up at least into 50,000 in a few weeks time and then possibly up to a hundred thousand Elsewhere as well and underdeveloped countries the same thing happening and in the Far East COVID is also seeing case rate uptick So perhaps a bit of our prevention and we know that so far vaccine still remain largely effective However, various studies have also circulated this week suggesting that definitely your how immune you are to Symptomatic a reaction to catching COVID If you've only had one vaccine is quick is reportedly much lower than if you've had a double shot and so yeah, there's definitely things to consider and there's quite a bit of Subsequent knock-on effect from a correlation point of view and US yields in fact Treasuries they have paired a little bit this ramp that they've seen really initiated from Tuesday This is the move that we can see here Which was around the Tuesday nizy open and the ISM figure I just mentioned since then yields have just been collapsing Technically important around beginning of the week The US 10 year yield broke through the June support area and that that kind of triggered a deeper move down to the February Lows that we're training at the moment in US 10 years yields But you can see here the 10 years backed off so you'll just coming off the floor a little bit But still on course one of the biggest weekly slides in US 10 year yields Since June of last year to put that in comparison and so from a sector perspective We've seen mega cap tech benefit and financials Have been one of the worst performing so very much a reflection of the reversal of the general reopening trade that we were seeing Just a few weeks ago in fact And then elsewhere overnight in Asia the Chinese yuan rebounded overnight So with some of that yield move Yields picking up that is in the overnight session late yesterday the dollars also just picked up a touch And so the Chinese yuan Has rebounded overnight as well from a two and a half month low But it's still set for a sixth straight weekly loss, of course The South Korean Cosby was weaker overnight as well impacted by the virus New record cases in fact in South Korea for a second consecutive day Resulting in raising of restrictions in sold to the highest level for nearly two weeks Beginning from the 12th of July. So, yeah, definitely quite a bit going on But what I would say is that that's pretty much been the theme for the week actually as far as this morning is concerned I'd say things have stabilized to a large degree. And so yes Probably one of the most pronounced moves is the UST note Which is actually down about 10 ticks at the moment going to the European Open Which is a decent drift south in the overnight session, but otherwise currency markets are pretty flat You've had a false Move to the downside here through 7 a.m. This morning just gone in the British pound which had a short For a belief the overnight Asia pack low and that came as the latest UK GDP number came out from May month to month 0.8% Versus expected 1.5% so quite a bit weaker than expected. However, that move not being able to be sustained at this point in time Um, otherwise, yeah, the currency pair is pretty quiet gold's basically unchanged sitting at the $1800 handle at WTI crude and Yeah, nice nice technical move yesterday Just looking at the trend line from the week to date High that we printed going back to beginning of the week We got retested there midweek and then yesterday we broke above And then you can see acted as nice support off that level to then see a bit of recovery late to the US session A bit of volatility overnight the APAC session and still quite a bit of concerns overnight in Asia about Economic slowdowns. There's some inflation numbers we'll look at in a moment. There's still a lot of friction between the US and China And then the crackdown that's going on with some of those tech names The car hailing firm DD being the one in focus this week, of course As the Chinese authorities look to control more and more the data from some particularly these us listed Chinese firms, but it stabilized since at all at all You know, we're decent amount off the lows that was seen Only in yesterday's session this time yesterday We are training, you know well over two dollars above that current price So a bit of reversal being put in there for the crude oil market Which is not unusual after quite quite a decent down week Of course that we've seen in the crude space with the fallout generally with some of the OPEC in decision that we've seen So let's get let's get to it. Let's talk about some of the news and what's going on And from a data perspective, I thought I'd talk about Chinese inflation first We had the CPI number overnight and perhaps just to give you a bit of a Visual queue so both PPI CPI slowed slightly from their levels in May as you can see here The CPI number for june came in year and year 1.1 percent below the expected 1.3 And and down from the previous 1.3 and the PPI was in line at 8.8 percent But a slight moderation from the peak of 9 percent that we saw last month The pullback quite a few people are saying may well create a bit of a chance for authorities to ease ie ease policy And that was because speculation yesterday of course was rife about the reduction potential of the reserve requirement ratio with commodity prices mostly flat in june after rallying for more than a year and of course commodity price pressures have been one of the reasons why Perhaps it would have restricted the ability for the chinese authorities to Counteract that with higher rates. And so the fact that in june commodity prices have have moderated The gap between PPI and CPI is narrowing and part of the reason is regulators measures that we've seen of course in recent weeks In china to stabilize commodity prices And there's but there's also the fact that consumer demand still remains relatively weaker as well so Definitely something to watch as we go further forward Chinese economic data again like like that global description that I was saying has been moderating But if commodity prices now start to come off the boil Definitely this idea of kind of focused on the more hawkish side of inflation Given market movement we've seen this week is Is deteriorating the strength of that view as it plays more into the hand then that perhaps we go full tilt back into that idea of the chinese looking to To keep momentum going by finding ways to further support the market The other thing that came out overnight continued friction of course between The biden administration who are set as early as today to add more than 10 chinese companies to his economic blacklist over the alleged human rights abuses And high tech surveillance in zhejiang according to two sources the streak of his royalties in the overnight session So just the latest Their development that's going on But chinese equities luch with the general asia region were lower following the handover from the us Which we did come off the lows of course Um, and so we didn't finish at the worst point of the day by by a clear margin But we were down around point nine percent in the s&p Point eight percent of the down point six percent in terms of the nasdaq interestingly and almost as a joke Some of the traders of the community talking this morning that you know is amazon the new kind of safe haven and uh obviously benefiting earlier this week from the um pentagon contract being dropped with microsoft and that could potentially play into the hands of amazon that's a multi double digit billion dollar contract but the idea being that The new yield environment that's been developing over recent days plays favorable to big tech And big tech have deep pockets and can navigate kind of economic volatility And so of all the companies, you know even in a low yield environment Is it the fact that you know corporates are good investments opportunities in that respect? So big tech has really had a a good couple of days in in that respect The other thing is of course is covid as i mentioned and us covid cases are up Around 11 percent against the previous week almost entirely among young people who have not yet been vaccinated and this of course is one of the Those things that we're likely to see in other western developed nations as we go through this period of unlocking from the final parts of the like what we've seen in the uk the final step to Dropping of a lot of the social distancing measures and other restrictions that have been in place And so no doubt that that that case rates will pick up amongst the young particularly down vaccinated With covid and with the delta variant very much in focus How much of a surprise is that well as i said earlier, it's not really a surprise The fact of the matter is is that most people are anticipating these numbers to go north I mean as kind of prepared From the health secretary in the uk But if you run the numbers in the us and you're modeling that of the delta variant which is more advanced in the uk And trying to extrapolate those numbers and translate it into america Where america's probably got another three or four weeks worth of case rates going up So that increase of 11 percent of the previous week is not surprising It probably will continue to go up considerably in the period ahead At the moment the markets as you can see it's it's part of the variables that have weighed on sentiment this week for sure But one thing i would definitely be keeping an eye on as well going forward is the fact that The vaccination rates have been moderating in the us You know the curve of the vaccinations has been plateauing after that very fast Um kind of pick up that we saw just three or four months ago. And so from that from that perspective There definitely will be a new wave in america. It's just a case of how high is that number and how affected do these vaccines remain And what what does that look like in terms of the ability for the country to do to go through this reopening phase? Which is obviously economically very important on the back of this The other thing then it is uh fence daily who is a voter But a well-known leaning dove did come out and say like in an ft interview this morning That low rates of vaccinations in some regions of the world pose a threat to the us as well as the global economic recovery So yeah, kind of a far cry from a lot of the hawkish commentary We were hearing last week You know very interesting in fact that this week if you think about the fed rhetoric you've had this week It's been very quiet. And if you think about the week before it was hawks talking every day about the idea of we should be tightening Policy talking about tapering inflation Nothing this week And that's because the world has changed to a certain degree as far as investors see it reflected in market prices at where we are at the moment And it would be much more in-fitting with what daily is saying at the moment And this goes a large way to explain them why you know as far as fed tightening is concerned or panic about that Being accelerated. I think has been put to bed at least for the time being The other thing of course that came out last night, which was definitely quite interesting Pfizer plans to request you best imagine the authorization as soon as next month for a third booster dose of its COVID-19 vaccine Based on early data showing it can sharply increase immune protection Against the coronavirus. So the company has received initial data from the early human study Showing that a third dose of its existing coronavirus vaccine is safe It can raise neutralize neutralizing antibody levels by five to ten fold Against the original vaccine. So booster shots has always been something that's been mentioned for a while I think the CDC it was who said last night That at the moment they're not recommending a booster shot because at the moment the vaccines that exist Are doing the job in terms of their efficacy rates But I would anticipate authorities to really be saying that type of messaging in order to keep confidence high When there's still a large portion of the population unmaxulated And so booster shots, yeah great. I mean this this This data would suggest that For sure increasing neutralizing antibodies by five to ten fold I mean that would be fantastic if that is the case and certainly would then be more preventative for further mutations beyond that of the delta variant Looking at the calendar for today. It's really quiet. In fact, the UK data out of the way We do get the ECB minutes, which have been delayed and will be coming out 12 30 later on today There's some CAD jobs data coming out 130, but no major US data really today We do have ECB's Christine Lagarde Speaking at an OECD conference from 11 a.m. London time And a group of G20 pilots ministers the central bank is going to be meeting in Venice today As well. So maybe look out for some comments over the weekend, but that is it. So I'll leave it with you. Good luck to the England football team, of course kicking off against Italy on Sunday night Not only to to win the first time in a major tournament. It's 1966, but the fate of potentially having a An unprecedented UK bank holiday on the day of which lockdown finishes on the 19th is all in the hands of the boys So good luck. Enjoy the game. Have a great weekend. Thanks very much guys


YouTube, what's up back with our two favorite words in the English language weekend league This is what we live for what we die for what we bleed for what we sweat for on the weekends Because we need those rewards at this point I'm probably about eight and oh nine and oh and you know as you got to play weekend league You got to have a few beers and you got to have a good time. I got the shades on No one's really come close to being me yet. I know I believe this is early in the morning I'm playing this guy Bando Obviously it's first. I don't know who Bando is so it's first game We're gonna play all the games that I play you can watch live the twitch link is below in the description Make sure you check out some of these games live on twitch Also any offense defense that you see the e-book is below check out that link and banter both the Saints offense and the Detroit Lions Defense is up there and this is the first play the game. It looks like a little three four I don't know I haven't played against this type of defense yet and just ignore this first play because we're going to fire an Interception spot this good gentleman seven points. Sometimes you do that just for the entertainment value makes the game more competitive And sometimes I mean just like a good guy like here little buddy You can take your seven points because it just makes them more challenging for me So after the first pick I realized he's pretty much going to run this rush five Covered to deep blue the middle of the field and pretty much guard the entire middle of field by himself with Shays ear Which is tough because this updated Shays ear is really fast and he has Ramsey and roads on the outside I believe Earl Thomas and Amos is safety. So plenty of speed So what I decided to go I try to get out of why trips are go but to back to them Why out out of tight offset which I ran a lot last year because it was really good against this type of defense Cloud flats on the outside you hit these two drags and just try to get some yards spin move and get some yards That's what I went to early in the game. I thought they did a good job, but this fellow wasn't bad He was pretty smart defensively He didn't mix up his coverage is enough to make this really hard to play against But he just forced me to go ahead and dip and dunk that you see T why he wasn't actually getting box on a little crow right there But he definitely made me dip and dunk and go down the field we see girly right there We're making some people miss he plays tight end for me Throw a little in route there to Tyree Hill When I said this cover two defense what it does and they would see Mike Vic You guys skirt remember this play with Michael Vic, you know, he's great to scramble. He's great to keep him moving He's he's great for all types of things like that, but you can't agree with him, but that's how So now we tied the game back where we're at and You know, I gotta get another stop. He stopped me once I do a pick six the first play. That's terrible So I wouldn't get a stop you see Barry runs and get some eight gives him eight yards of Barry Little level sales there my man champ Bailey can't make the tackle. Luckily when I bounce Barry Sanders killed me this game Maybe I want to get Barry Sanders.  I covered that a lot of pressure going on Should have been a pick if he was doing that playmaker cuz Brian Dawkins was sitting right there goes to bunch here And I'm able to cover the slant get a little forth and long Hopefully he punched the ball give me the ball back and he does right back where we started. I Realized this defense pretty much is just covered to You know with two cloud flats on the outside and a deep blue in the middle So there's no real big plays is diamond Ramsey and diamond roads on the outside So they're gonna make tackles they want to force me to throw the ball to the middle field where his user is This is a lot like what defense was like last year with a deep blue cover to Tampa, too And you know, just go ahead.  You see I didn't block my running back and just Davion clown He was right at me But this time I do I'm gonna be fitted the girly gets his stick there by roads So roads and Ramsey really just hold down the outside He allows his his user and the three deep blues to kind of cover deep plays and he's got the whole middle But there we see Tevin Coleman getting in the ends on great drive two good drives after I do a pick six the first play you know a lot of times you'll do a pick six the first play and You mean you'll put your head down and you'll be upset But you know I too big drives out of door and pick six really just it's changing the tide of this game He kills me with screen will right there when cover two so I run cover three every other play Tries to fit the sling in there. We hit stick them That's six seconds left. He's gonna hit the sling again But when possession catch it not get out of bounds doesn't get touched can't call time out the time runs out on them I'm feeling good up seven nothing at a donut pick six and I feel like his offense really is not good It's just playmaker face cream will I gotta stop Barry Sanders can't allow him to get off and I'll be alright That's pretty much. I'm I feel good nothing crazy going on the shades are still swirling I need pet Pete to pick that off just put your hands up and you could have squirt a touchdown Patrick Face cream will again. Nobody's open We're able to bang hit stick Michael Vic with my man clowny and Fletcher Cox falls on the ball. I'm in field ball range Feeling good Michael Vic can't get away from clowny there So a field ball makes this a 10-point game so I'm coming around a little draw here And I mean I just suck at running the football get to a third and long here I'm able to dump the ball off the Randy Moss, but that's not it We want to dump it back off to seven Coleman pick up the first down on 30 and 11 inside of 10 risky play But it just was so open. I couldn't help myself As you see just oh man That was beautiful a work of art to get get that first down inside the 20-yard line They say resident office is hard now.  I'm on the AER line. I pretty much conceived my field will hit stick me again So what that crazy letter will play allowed me to do instead of getting more points It just allowed me to take another minute and 30 seconds off the clock. That's okay. Hopefully it helps me out in the end of this game Here's gonna fake screen will which is a playmaker boom Lawrence Taylor diving tackling Michael Vic Level sales here He's actually able to go ahead and dump the ball off. Good play I guarded a deeper route and allowed and had that one over the middle and cracked Antonio Brown Barry Sanders finally gets off one time Fast very say this is fast and he broke a lot of tackles this game Lawrence Taylor with the crazy dive right there. Thank God. He did that or that was another touchdown But for some reason I didn't have a flat on his play He caught me quick snapped. It's so frustrating to get that up That is the first read of every single trips tight end player is the flat route So you've got a hard hard flat on the right side pretty much every time and you'll allow easy completions and right there And now I've forced this pass. I've been putting a streak to girly every play Hopefully you didn't have a deep blue in the first play. He didn't have a deep blue I tried to go to outside fade terrible pick. Let's just let him right back in the game I was up 10 points now. He goes a playmaker to rainy moss.  That's how it just happened But we're all right got a regroup got to come back down to a doubt over here to Tyreek Hill and he fumbles So we were up 10 Then we were down for now. We're pretty much down 7 Because he's in field Orange right here. We go what I say about Barry He's breaking tackles breaking his own linemen's tackles. I got it. I got to get the ball back I got a hold of the three here to give myself a chance. So we go Barry put his foot on ground spinning And here we go with the I get him to 31 what I do when he comes out here is This can go to the two-minute warning But what I do is a veteran moving allowed to have I go off-sides with Sean Taylor one To give him the first down so he can't run the so it can't get to the two-minute warning. I Think he should have declined there and get to a 31 and then run the ball and keep the clock running That allowed a lot of clock to stop and also allowed Me to give him the first down I gave him the first down so he wouldn't run More clock off honestly and right here. He runs level sale There's nobody to throw to we play makers and Sean Taylor could have had a pick six But he swats it right there. Got a leash on telling we go tell them smithing a big play there so going off-sides is slowed down it Cut down the amount of plays he had to run down the clock each play is 30 seconds in Mutt so by giving him the first down I didn't allow that 31 to be a play where he ran off 30 seconds It also stopped the clock before the two-minute warning if you were to decline that the clock would have kept running and We got to the two-minute warning in 31 He could have ran got the first down so that's a 130 and just got into my timeouts a little bit quicker than he did He didn't even get into my timeouts because he accepted that penalty. So I let the clock run there I didn't even call one got a minute and 20 seconds left three timeouts. He's in this cover two I'm feeling good, but he he's holding why there's the only way he drops the interception holding why in the middle of the field Well, I said this defense is really forcing me to throw the ball in the middle of the field And what's that gonna force me to do is waste time use my timeouts and Just get four or five six yards down the field tough to get a big play in this defense And that's why I go to the tight offset. Hopefully hit some drags and get out of bounds That's what I want to do because as Xavier Rose just brings me down Actually, that's Ramsey's right there brought me down fairly easily same thing with Randy Moss over here brings me down in bounds I have to use a timeout. We're down to 30 seconds left one timeout in the midfield I feel like I did a lot of time wasting and then get a lot of yards That's what this defense is pretty much designed to do Make sure I don't get a lot of yards and force me to throw in there to user This game is probably the most completions I had in mutt Once again a little baby route underneath the TY Hillen that was nine yards and I had to use a timeout I'm at the 43 yard line 28 seconds. No timeouts. So I need a play to get to the sideline I know that this corner route will get to the sideline and we'll get over the cloud flat Eventually, but I have to wait have the pass protection be able to lead it and I have to trust it I have to throw it when it's not open pretty much.  That was exactly what I needed Give me a chance and after Randy makes a play like that tapping his toes in traffic You gotta go back up to him. This is why you have an emote This is why you pay all the money for Randy Moss to make plays for you So that's what it's about we go ahead and get down there tie the game up 19 seconds left I gotta think this over Chat Face screen will play maker or level sales.  Like I said, man I just gotta stop the playmaker so the first play out of the kickoff I'm gonna win man up y and x so he cannot play maker me with one of those guys I just had to guard the side down on his slant. I said this man of millions I'll never lose at the same play over and over and over you run the same thing I want to find a way to box it and that's what slowly happening to this kid It slowly ends at a point where he has nowhere to throw a ball. Once again, man of the playmaker guy He's gonna go ahead and I mean he has all day. They really nerf sheds Clowning getting just low bridge. He runs the clock out there with a scram. Good job getting over time I'm gonna go ahead and win the toss.  You can't try to force a big play. I did one time and do an interception So you have to keep making him choose who he's want to use her. They're gonna use it to post Go ahead. Do this little slant or do the little baby curl underneath There we go. Throw the in route there to T. Y. Hilton Baby for 26 completions at this point. That's a ton for a four-minute quarter madden game Another one that's the 27th completion So it's what 27 completions for 200 260 yards Yeah, I could have been a pick there. Tyree Hill broke it up. Thank God It's Cloudflap plays that and I've rarely seen zones that play that and I try to put I put a Smoke screen here to hold that flat zone down Can't get my feet in there. That would have been a ridiculous pass get to a third and ten We're just running the same setup every time because he's running the same defense every time I know one of these is gonna be open Randy Moss underneath with the curl.  I can run the same offensive is the right play Get to a fourth and one can't point can't kick this feelable Fourth and one is different than fourth and eight fourth and six because I know the flat route will pick up the first down if he plays Cloudflaps I can go to girly. That's pretty much what this whole play is. It's not really about reading the whole field I know he's in cover two pretty much because he's ran it every single play. I mean if you ever want to switch up your Defensive could be this play right now, but so that's what I'm reading.  I'm not looking at his use. I'm not looking at anything I'm looking at that corner on the left side drops back eight yards I'm able to go ahead and hit Todd girly underneath make the big play make a miss air truck pretty much Get inside the 15 huge play right there. Just read one player not the whole field next play with Vic And I told you about Michael Vic earlier. I got greedy.  They don't matter. I get it again So now we got a lot back up. We did all that little dimson dunks and dunks and we got a lot back up He's on his own one-yard line hardest spot to stop or hardest place to pass He has nothing open the last ten times. He's dropped back. So I'm gonna play straight run defense It's gonna make it hard. He runs fake screen will again.  And that's what happens when you put people's back up against the wall Obviously, I didn't want to because the Vic fumble allowed that Not everybody's built for the big moments and he really shriveled up in the end there But like I said, you got to realize what the defense gives you overcome a pick six the first play Yeah, I had four turnovers that game.  We do two picks But you got to overcome it man That fumble could have killed me would have killed the average player But just give yourself a chance knowing how the game works with the time going off-sides there on that third and one If you would decline that I wouldn't have had the time outs No one to play to beat Cloudflash and get out of bounds Randy Moss coming up with some big catches for me The reason I won that game Obviously, this was a fun game to stream a fun game to watch live The link for the twitch is below any offense and defense you see here The link is also below to check that out. Make sure y'all love it Make sure y'all comment which I think was the biggest play of this game and what allowed me to win the game We go to Michael Vic fumble. I wanted a hurdle and sometimes I get in there with a good hurdle But they gave me a pretty crappy hurdle. You'll see right here. Yeah bad one, but I got greedy I wanted to end the game on one play, but I said Michael Vic would he give if he take it the way


Good morning everyone, I was hoping a little larger crowd than this, but yeah whatever it is. Thank you. Yeah, thank you. Thank you very much. So, we will be talking about a lot of logical replication in Postgres, multi-master replication you know why do we need multi-master replication in Postgres and then some of the replication nuances like conflict resolution and so on and so forth, right. Let us delve into this. So why do we need logical replication? Some of the folks that know about the replication methodologies available in Postgres, there is physical streaming replication, logical trigger based replication which is kind of a legacy and we also have some of the asynchronous replication technologies that are coming into the mainstream now of late, right. We require now the native logical replication that were becoming part and parcel of Postgres from PG-10, right. So some of the use cases where a lot of our database engineers use logical replication is to achieve no zero downtime or no as less downtime as possible when you are doing major upgrades between database versions, right. Say for example, you are on a non-supported 9.4, right and then you would like to upgrade to PG-10, 11 or no PG-15, so for instance, right. So you will be able to use the native logical replication and do a major upgrade with zero downtime, right. And logical replication works in publisher and subscriber model which means so you can have publishers publishing your data sets and data sources to a ton of subscribers, right. There could be more than one subscriber. Some of the use cases that we have seen on the publisher and subscriber model is you can have one of, setting up one of your entire HA system with the logical replication, right. And then you can pick and choose what tables you would want to have as part of logical replication, right. So you could do your data warehousing use cases with logical replication. You could do a lot of lake houses and the modern data stack that Mahbub was talking about, right. And then with replication in logical versus physical, right, it is more of the entire database or the instance versus in logical it is database by database, right. You could pick and choose schema by schema, table by table and stuff, right. And with PG-14 and 15, there is row level filtering, you can have a specific column to be part of the publisher and then subscriber will be able to consume them, right. Under the hood it uses logical decoding, now there are some super cool low level APIs that does that task now using the logical decoding, right. And now we slowly fast forward to the multi master replication and then what was the history behind multi master and multi active systems that were available in Postgres ecosystem, right. We had one that was based off of 9.4 and 9.6 that was the BDR-1 the first and foremost version of bidirectional replication, BDR stands for bidirectional replication, right. And second quadrant and now the erstwhile second quadrant and you know the EDV folks have something called as Postgres distributed, right. That is also one of the bidirectional slash multi master replication solutions available, right. And then in a BDR-1 there was BDR-2 and BDR-3 which were proprietary slash closed source ones, right. Now why are we looking at multi master, why are we looking at some of the multi active solutions, right. So we are talking about computing use cases a lot in this case, right. So if we look at some of the stack that we are trying to look at here, right. So we are getting the user closer to the system, right closer to the compute, closer to the edge network, right. You got variables, you have got mobile devices, you have got the entire application stack on your right, right. And then these are some of the smart home systems, the IoT devices and stuff, right. So what are we trying to do? We are getting the compute, we are getting the data closer to the system, closer to the users, right. And then we are also working with a few CDNs, right, you know, content data networks like, you know, Cloudflare, Fastly's and you know, I was also talking to a couple of folks from Warnish software, right, they are here in, in, in Forsesia. All of these guys have the static pages that are available and then made available on the edge. What we are missing is the data piece of it, right. Now how do we get the database closer to this edge compute network, right, edge cases, right. That's what, you know, we are trying to solve with PG edge, right. One of the reasons why we had also named the company as PG edge, I would say, right. Now, what's the take on Postgres, right, how do we get integrated with Postgres ecosystem altogether, right. So, PG edge has got two products, one is the PG edge platform, PG edge platform is a completely standard Postgres and 100 percent open, right. If you take a look at the platform, per se, right, it's got the standard Postgres engine, right. So, we start supporting from PG 15, if there are use cases, you know, we will be able to support PG 14 also, right. The right hand side of the slide is more of the standard Postgres offering, right. Now, Postgres has this super awesome extensibility model, right. So, we've got Postgres, which works primarily on the REST APIs and then, you know, there are extensions, right, that I was talking about, right. So, we have already made these 20 plus extensions available on the PG edge platform. So, you go ahead and download the binaries from PG edge dot com. So, you get the entire offering for free, right.  So, one, I mean, two components that are part of the platform are the node control and the cluster control CLIs, right.  And the extension, you know, the extension that enables the Postgres cluster to be multi master is SPOC, which is the multi active replication and any multi master replication solution, you know, would require a super solid conflict resolution, conflict avoidance in place, right. So, SPOC brings to the table the multi active and multi master with the conflict resolution and then, you know, keeping things as simple as possible, right. So, there are multiple masters writing databases, multiple sources writing and then, you know, you have under the hood a strong algorithms, you know, strong APIs taking care of the conflict avoidance and conflict resolutions. That is the part that SPOC brings to the Postgres platform, right. And apart from, you know, the PG edge platform, right, there is another product called as PG edge, which will take a look, right. But now, if you take a look at, you know, the PG edge developed and the Postgres community developed, these are the only two components, right. Node CTL and cluster control, that is the intelligence behind the cluster configuration and then the standard configuration that gets set up as soon as, you know, you run the PG edge platform, right. So, the adoption or from an existing Postgres QL clusters, right. Now, how do you go ahead and incorporate PG edge or how do you adopt Postgres plus the PG edge? These are the two components that you would require, right. The entire components and all of them are PG or the Postgres QL community developed software, right. So, this is the only two components, which is this SPOC and the Node CTL and cluster CTL that you would want to attach to your cluster and then, you know, make that cluster, you know, edge aware and multi-master and multi-active, right. So, what PG edge platform brings to the table, right. So, all of the features are part and parcel of the fully distributed Postgres QL, right. And then it is available for you guys to go ahead and download, put it on development machines, put it on your production and stuff, right. And we also have enterprise support available, right. So, that is where we have our subscription based support available from PG edge and, you know, some of the eminent Postgres contributors being part of that enterprise support, right.  So, what is the licensing model that we have as part of PG edge, right. It is a community license. More of the licensing is around the confluent, right. So, just like Kafka, that which is a very good example to take, right.  And you could just use it on production, right. There is absolutely no licensing around, you know, or restrictions around using the system. And the only caveat or the only catch here is none of the cloud providers will be able to package our product and then host it on their cloud offerings like an RDS or Azure for Postgres here, right. That is why we had the pun, sorry, AWS, right. And this is the cloud SaaS software that I was talking about, right. So, this is a fully managed database where you will be able to go ahead and set up on AWS and Azure at the moment, right. And GCP and, you know, Google cloud support is just around the corner, probably in a quarter or two we should be able to get up and running on Google cloud also, right. And with the PG Edge, right, so PG Edge platform, so you will be able to go ahead and do an on-prem installation, on-prem setup, you know, for your current commodity hardware or use your cloud, use your AWS account and then, you know, hop on your, you know, IAM and then, you know, grab the EC2 instance and set up the PG Edge platform code, right. So, it is very easy for us to go ahead and, you know, incorporate and then, you know, set up the PG Edge platform.  And then, you know, PG Edge platform also comes with a super solid monitoring system in place, right. So, we have got Prometheus plus Grafana as one of our monitoring, enterprise monitoring tools that are incorporated and, you know, integrated with PG Edge and PG Cloud, right. So, we will be able to take a look at some of the PG Cloud, PG Edge Cloud instance demo screenshots, right. So, if I summarize the whole PG Edge, you know, the whole feature set or the interesting facts and figures about the PG Edge, right. So, we will have low latency because we are closer to the user, right. The database systems are closer to the user, meaning you are writing to the nearest available node, right. So, you just have to have your application code not talking and, you know, being aware of what is the nearest database node available in the cluster, right. And, you know, that solves a lot of your, you know, latency problems and then the latency issues where a plus or minus 50 to 100 milliseconds that, you know, we will be able to save, right. And then we are talking about millions and millions of transactions per second. And then, you know, millions and millions of transactions that are happening across, right. So, that is a pretty good trade off, I will say, right. If you are grabbing the 50 to 100 milliseconds of your connection request, right. And then the ultra high availability model that we, I mean, specifically call it as ultra high available because you have got multi master nodes and all of the multi master nodes will have a logical replica supporting them, right. So, a logical replica around how do we set up fallback instance, right. So, you have got a, I mean, like I spoke about the logical replication, you can set up the entire instances as a logical replica, right. And you will also be able to set up your own witness nodes around the clouds availability and so on and so forth, right. And then the data residency is another very important use case that we are seeing these days, right. So, you want to make sure the data is residing in your own continent, in your own ecosystem, right. So, that is another one where we implement something called as PII enabled partitions, right. So, you can have multiple partitions in place and then all of those data sets could be PII enabled, right. So, that is already available, you know, baked into the product, baked into the PGH both cloud and PGH platform, right. And optimized for the network edge, right, like I mentioned about.  So, all of them will be able to go ahead and take a read, write access to your nodes that are closer to the network edge, right. And fully managed to debass, right, RPG cloud. So, I have got some of the folks running the show there, taking care of the support ecosystem there, right. And then PGH, you can access it via web, you will be able to do REST API calls, you will be able to use the DPA friendly client, main interfaces CLIs and stuff, right. PGH platform is more of the CLI product offering of it, right, which is completely open. The one, the extension that empowers the whole edge computing and bringing about the multi master of application into the system is this POG, right. This is an extension that, you know, you could go on the GitHub and see the code and stuff, right. So, this allows you to do asynchronous replication between all your master nodes, right. And Spark also bakes in the predefined monitoring, the data dictionary, the catalog, because it is completely based off of the Postgres, the data dictionary and the catalog views are already available in them, right. Like I said, now, with every multi master application solution, the conflict resolution and, you know, the error handling that has to be within this system is pretty important, right.  And then all of the nodes are writing and then, you know, you should have the conflict avoidance first place. And then, you know, if there is a conflict, how do we resolve it? How do we resolve those conflicts, right? The conflict resolution model that we have available is, so you could, you could go ahead and use the apply remote, the last update wins or the first update wins, right. So, you will be able to go ahead and configure according to your data needs, right. So, like we say understand your data, understand the problem and then look at what is the exact conflict resolution that you would want to incorporate. And then, it is a simple example of, you know, how do we look at first update wins conflict resolution, right. So, these are two nodes. So, we are talking about this as only one transaction. So, imagine a transaction volume of around 12,000, you know, TPS, right, 12,000 transactions per second. And all of these happening in a, you know, more streamlined and more foolproof manner, right. So, we are, we are looking at node one and node two. So, up until now, PG Edge supports five nodes. So, you will be able to set up five different nodes and on five different regions on AWS and Azure. And then, you know, for conflict avoidance, you know, we have not created any CRDTs. No CRDTs stand for conflict-free replication data types, right. So, we have a simple implementation of grabbing the old value and then, you know, whatever the updated value and you know, how do we bake those node two values and then, you know, grab the exact result and then, you know, have it eventually propagated across all of the PG nodes, right, the PG Edge nodes, right. And the functionality that, you know, we have is simply making sure the table has got log old value equals to true. Right, which means that whatever is the column, right, basically, this is the primary key column that we would want to make sure that has the log underscore old underscore value. What it enables is it makes sure we are having, it's explained in the next. So, first we will grab the old value of the column that is captured, right. And then second, the transaction that is going to update the value and then, you know, both of them are computed and you will get the source of truth that is propagated and eventually consistent across all of the nodes. So, at a typical deployment of a PG Edge, right, so you will be able to see a lot of hub nodes available here, right. So, this is one availability zone, right. We have got one in Europe, one in the Australia region, right. All of the hub nodes can have the logical replicas for a high availability standpoint, right. That's why we say ultra high availability.  These are, you know, when you hop on the PG Edge dot com, right, you will be able to create your own clusters and then, you know, see how things work out and, you know, how do we set up multi-region database nodes across in PG Edge. So, these are the UI screenshots that I have grabbed from our PG Edge system. And you will be able to, like I said, you know, one of the important things that is already available with PG Edge is the monitoring system, right. So, you will be able to have the strong and, you know, in price level monitoring system available with Prometheus and Grafana, right. So, that's another thing, which is available on the PG Edge cloud dashboards. You will be able to see and make sure you've got the database instances being monitored on live, right. And then the security modus operandi of PG Edge is, you know, pretty much the owners is on the user, right. So, bring your own cloud accounts and then, you will be able to go ahead and take care of the VPC pairing, you know, what do you want to do with, you know, how much of cost you would want to do, right. All of that stuff that, you know, that is associated to a cloud service provider, you will be having complete control, right. We've not wanted to be resellers of, you know, AWS or Azure, right. So, we wanted you to be having the pick and choice of what cloud provider you would want to work with. And then, you know, bring your account and we will be able to set up those, set up on those regions and cloud infrastructure, right. And every operation that you would perform on the PG Edge cloud, so you will be able to audit and then you will be able to go ahead and take a look at any compliance checks that, you know, that is part of parcel of, you know, a lot of cloud offering products, right. And these are some of the useful links I have laid out. So, now, go ahead and, you know, hop on the githubpgh.com.  And the one blog that we have written is the Distributed Post Classical with Cloudflare and some of the other CDNs that we are currently working with, right. And that's something that we are pretty excited about and we'll be working on as part of our next coming, you know, few weeks. And if you have any questions, I'm around the whole day in the conference. Feel free to write, you know, touch base with me. Any questions? Yes. So, how does the client figure out what is the nearest hub they should connect to? What's the process? So, if we take an example of the Cloudflare, right, so Cloudflare has got pages, Cloudflare workers and then, you know, at the end it is database, right. So, Cloudflare workers, so we are working with Cloudflare, you know, to have a specific code in place as part of workers. The workers will have somewhere around code inside the workers, right, which is a simple NodeJS code, right. The NodeJS code will be able to use the Geolibrary and then, you know, pick up the exact closest node available. That's one of the CDNs that, you know, we are working with.  Have you designed some sort of a rule system for data residency so you can build the logic about what stays local, what gets replicated? Absolutely, yeah, we have it as part of, you know, there is a whole bunch of infrastructure available for you to have API data, right. So, you can have your API partitions, no specifically residing in one of your regions, right. So, say for example, the GDPR plus the EU, right. So, you will be able to go ahead and see what requests are coming from the EU and then, you know, all those requests are routed to the EU region and stuff. Any more questions? Okay, that's okay. Thank you very much, Hari. Thank you. Let's thank our speaker.


How many people use Drupal here? Nobody. How many people know what Drupal is? Can you tell us? Can you tell us? It's a common management framework which basically is quite similar to Jumla or something like that which lets you primarily build websites of kinds. So we're not going to talk about Drupal here or what Drupal does really because that's what we're going to talk about. And when I say the top of my title says zero-touch Drupal development because I primarily what I do is spend a lot of my time managing other people's Drupal code. And the use cases that I have to do this kind of work in is managing Drupal instances, several of them across a life cycle of a project which primarily starts at QAN testing, goes on to a staging environment to get approvals from clients and partners and before we move live. So of course the purpose of such a workflow is to maintain a same audit trail of change, reduce risk and liability and be able to roll back changes easily.  So a lot of this workflow, especially when it comes to Drupal and other similar content management framework is done manually a lot of the time because Drupal as a system likes to keep a lot of its configuration, a lot of the Drupal mechanics, whether it's content type, different data type or your views or your taxonomy or categories, all of that stuff in a database. And we all know what lives in a database into version control is not the same as that. So it's something that we've struggled with as Drupal developers for many, many years and we have tried and worked through this over the years and now we use something called features which is essentially a Drupal module which lets you export the mechanics of a Drupal website into code. So anything that lives in the database can be exported into code as another Drupal module which can then be pushed to code and pushed into version control. So that's a device of the first issue we have which is now everything, pretty much everything in your Drupal environment can go into version control. Now, the next thing to stage in life, the agencies who develop for clients I've worked with or I've seen do it, they primarily develop centrally where everyone's SSH and gain making changes to a Drupal configuration got your teams and modules and then taking your code based on and you might see a lot of those based on and putting it into a state site and then taking it to the... The problem with this is a huge chance of... there is also the fact that in this fatigue on the developers because they have to be involved in deployment of all clients. As system administrators, our job is to take that fatigue away from developers and let them just focus on development. Clearly that has a value to it. Developers then commit often, release often without having to worry about, oh, I need to get SSH in there get my code up there, text with their movements somewhere else. So the idea is to automate this stuff. All the developer needs to do is... use Git here. So all we want to... we push in to a certain branch and those changes go live onto the branch that is... onto the branch that is... onto the instance that is associated with that branch. So the methodology we follow... I've done pastries. We use Git. Everything's versioned with code in Git. We use separate branches for separate... separate stages of the lifecycle of a project. So I... usually what we do is we commit... anything that's QA and testing stage is committed. All developers are committing to the amount of branch and then we automate the process of how anything that's committed is detected and pushed to your testing or QA instance of... of boot. When you're on a stage, you want to stage it. So this time what you do is you're just merging the changes doing the Git merge into a staging branch. And again, we pick up these changes, automatically detect these changes and push it to the stage side. And the next process is of course going live, which is again merging your code from stage to live. Of course it still gives the developers the flexibility to have their own feature branches, hotfix branches, as long as they merge it back into the master. How do we do this? I have to be a bit patient with me. My laptop died last night. I'm using the machine I think was developed which was developed in like 1943 or something. So things might be a wee bit slow. So we just... we just talked about the concept. We use version and role for code code. We use features in Google. I'm not going to really talk much about features. It's quite sad to explain it to you. None of us really develop in Google yet, so I'm going to leave that out for now. If you do get into Google development, first thing you should do is get these features so you can manage your code and live in the database in version and role. One of the things about automating stage to live is making sure that you are consistent across your whole environment. So if you've got a QA testing server and staging server and a production server, just make sure you're always running the same operating system versions, the kind of software running across these instances of servers. Always use the same naming convention across projects for the trees and branches. Makes life easier in terms of if there is a naming standard. Always use the same workflow for each project. Sorry? Each environment has how many machines? Well, okay. So for the purposes of this example, we will go, we'll be dealing with, say, let's say three servers. One is your QA server, one is your staging server, one is your... But that can of course change. Eventually you're pushing to a staging environment or a live environment which can be one or multiple servers. That is, again, outside the scope of what you're doing. But yeah, so for the purposes of this example, I'm going to do a demo later which I think is a fun demo to use the same server which is the VTSI setup last evening for the service demo. We're going to just push to one server today but we're going to push our QA stage and live environments to the same server. But it can go anywhere, basically. So yeah, so as we follow the same naming convention, same kind of platform consistency across our environment, we should be fine if we want to automate these tasks. So how do we automate? What do we do? The idea is, for example, to log in to a remote staging server via SSH and run a git pool or custom bash script to apply a change, change virtual loads configurations, manually perform database modifications. We want all of this done. So what's the technology we use? We spoke about git. We spoke about different branches for different stages of the project. So I think this is where things start to get interesting. How many of us are familiar with Jenkins, yeah? So Jenkins is a continuous integration server. It's used a lot to run a lot of... It does a lot of things, but it's used by a lot of people to run tests with some applications and stuff. But one of the things that Jenkins is really good at is it's a reactive tool that can basically detect changes and then run any number of arbitrary tasks or commands connecting to local or remote servers over SSH or several other ways of communication. The fun part about Jenkins is that it's very good at determining success or failure when it's running the test and it's got an amazing modification in the end. So it can email unsuccessful or unstable build and because it's detecting changes from a git repository, it can even email the culprit. In this scenario, the developer is making one push to one branch. And in most cases, when you're doing that, you're still sitting at your desk watching your build. And when you get that notification, you know it's broken, you're in a good position to fix it. How do we do this? So what does Jenkins do here? It primarily monitors a certain branch of a git repository. I'll do a demo of this in a bit. It's going to watch your test branch.  Check as immediately it gets to work.  And this is what we do. How many of us know what Fabric is? Any of you guys here? You know what Kevastrano is. So Fabric is very similar to Kevastrano. It's basically a Python API which can run a number of arbitrary tasks on local or remote servers over SSH. And it takes a spring to connect to a certain server and runs that Fab file. Pretty similar to what Neusrano does. You could totally replace Fabric with a tool of your choice, or use Fabric, because I just understand Python. So what Jenkins now does is actually detects that change and runs some shell code. In this case, it is running a little script which is a Fabric command. Looking at a Fab file and going, hey, I detect a change. What I'm going to do now is take that change, push it to my test or stage or lies over based on what repository or branch the commit is going to and executes that. We use something called Admin. It's a hosting automation back into the front end and the back end tool which relies on a couple of different modules called Postmaster and Provision and Drush. Drush is primarily a command line tool to talk to Google instances. And what Fabric now does is actually sends a bunch of commands, which are Drush commands to my Provision API server going, I detect a change, pull that, have an existing site, make a new build, migrate that site to this build and it's necessary to the Apache version of configuration and your site is live, whether it's a test stage or live site and so on. Come on, that's good. Yeah, but the idea is you're still basically pushing to a kill repository and the build process here is primarily it's not actually compiling anything. All it is doing, as you will see, when I talk about a build in Drupal, what a primary platform, which is primarily your Drupal code base, the modules that you need to run your Drupal site, which are primary. So if I make a change to a, it could be as simple as that. And what happens in this case now is instead of updating that CSS file that exists on the server or a new platform, and Drupal has a multi-site hosting configuration so what happens is you can run one platform and you can run multiple sites within a platform. So what it's doing is creating a new platform, your site's already running on one platform, it takes that site from there, moves it to your new platform, but you're changing it. So the things that change here are the instance is primarily you have your site, a new platform with new changes and that's how they are. You can see the change to point to the new platform. All of that, which is done by protocol, agent and provision. So that's the same thing basically. So in your case, what you have is you will have a few different stages of development in your QA test, a QA stage, making for a certain branch, you can still use Jenkins to detect that change and run a command to just send those changes to a particular branch. The various combinations possible, I think when you see the demo, you probably start to understand how these things can, you can totally understand. But when you're managing one setup, you still have a process where you have to move from QA to stage to life. So if you're doing that manually, that means as a developer you are getting involved in deployment and that's the idea, eliminate development. And the other advantage here is that there's a whole security now sending changes because you don't have to access it into servers. Developers aren't accessing it into servers. So if there are five developers working on one code base, they don't need to have access to any one. All they're doing is pushing to kit and pushing to a certain branch of kit and then we determine where those changes are going. So everyone has to take precautions while handling any kind of automation. So if you create a new build, you need to make sure your previous ones packed up. With any kind of machine control, we can always revert back changes, but it can get complicated, right? Especially when there's like a database somewhere. So what we do in this case is when I create a new platform or a build, and this is done by AGL during the migrate process automatically, it makes a backup of the whole code base and the database into a separate folder before it creates a new platform and migrates inside.  Instead of struggling with reverting changes within version control and then you can deal with it. You fix things and push again. So the advantage of automating this whole process from test to stage to live is that you suddenly see more frequent deployments happening because developers are dealing now with smaller changes that they're not moving on a code basis and if your file is around from one place to another, all they're doing is clicking, pushing and getting to the rest of it. Of course it gives you a way to actually track every little change that's happening. You know the culprit. The cause of that developers become open to it. You know you're working with smaller changes, something goes wrong, it's easier to deploy. Also it gives them more ownership over their own changes because everyone likes to see a little gift coming from them. You don't see that if you're moving on code basis from one place to another. So people do start to take more ownership when they're waiting on little things and pushing off and automating all of it. Of course there's less potential for data loss because you're working with the workflow where you're going test this stage to live and you always know so you're not going to suddenly push something to your life side and break the limit. Like I said earlier there's just a lot less fatigue on development so you don't have to work with deployment tools on the server now if that's being taken care of. And when you do test now you can have a release time now. So that's a separate set of so there is this performance testing. So for more notifications now Jenkins like I said can send Jenkins also the notifications API is very flexible so you can plug in all kinds of things. There's apps or iOS apps which can talk to Jenkins and do push notifications to your iOS app you can plug in SMS in there so you can make people's phone boxes notifications to their iOS and Android phones. So that's... I'm going to do this okay so the only reason I made these slides is just to kind of keep me on task but what I will do is I will add a few things to this and put it up on the funnel where there are some links that you guys can look at that a lot of this work we do is a lot of this set up is actually based on a lot of work that this amazing French-Australian developer called Miguel Jark who I worked with quite closely has done he's been kind of like working really hard over the last few years to automate a lot of people's deployment and I'll put up links in these slides and put them up on the funnel to a couple of white papers that he's written and he's actually written around a lot of stuff where you can use similar setups without the people not being involved at all because use the CI server use Fabric Git branches to manage your whole work so we do a little demo there is the Git plug-in but you can write all kinds of stuff and it integrates not just the Git but pretty much any SCM that you can think of whatever you perform how the eager front-end looks like now is that I have a couple of sides here set up this is the actual eager instance that is it's basically making within eager and when you upgrade eager it just takes that eager instance to a new platform this is a test side that I set up for this demo we'll look at that in a minute so this eager does all kinds of things like I can just go in here go create content just like I put on a Google site to create an article I could just create a server or a site so I could create a server and go that's what I want to connect to that's the root username and password or whatever username and password and connect it up to another MySQL server or another Apache server it does it does clustered setup so you can have one eager master and have as many slaves as you want and deploy across across web servers and database servers it's it's pretty nifty actually platform and I say create a platform it primarily means I am just creating which is primarily a Drupal code base plus any installable files or any custom stuff that you might have so you can do all of this stuff from the web front end you can create a new Drupal site based on what platforms you've already got in your eager instance from the web interface but we haven't used the web interface but for a lot of setups where you want to manage a few Drupal sites and you want to be able to just quickly fire up across different versions of Drupal it works really well so you can have a platform for example running Drupal 6 and another platform running Drupal 7 now you want to create a new Drupal 7 site you just go create site use this platform which is a Drupal 7 platform and you Drupal site up in like the next million there's a so what you realize on is provision which which then relies on brush which does all the work in the command line it runs there's a cron job that runs every minute which does the dispatch and if you actually scroll down here I don't have it but primarily what it does is it has a task queue and you can tell it how many tasks it can it can execute on each cron run and what we do is we run a cron run every minute and run about 5 tasks at there 5 tasks so I can do things like within there I can do things like if there is a site running on Drupal 6. say 2.2 and 6.24 releases tomorrow I can just go into that platform and hit a migrate button and go migrate all sites in this platform to the new building 6.24 and 2.2 and so it will it will hand it over to provision run the cron and that's done it will tell you that so that's how the web front end works you know so that's yeah it's very simple to configure and get up and running in terms of like getting a multi-site Drupal installation done now let's go back to Jenkins you can see that I have you can see that I have a little task here going deploy test.honky.com from master what this task is doing is deploying from the master branch of my Git repository to test.honky.com which is the which is the the Drupal website I want to be my desktop website let's look at this task you can see that I have so that's the repository I want Jenkins to pull that's my that's the repository there's a bunch of advanced stuff that you can do so everything you can actually do things like by default Jenkins every time it pulls the repository will can even like so it's basically the same syntax I'm just pulling this so I'm running test.ufo.net is the server my test server that we looked at where the eagerness tensor is running now so what's happening here is deployment as such is passing these arguments to a file I'll show you the code in a second that's the site I want to send this build to if I make a change so test.honky.com is my test site that's an installed profile a Drupal installed profile is primarily a set of modules or themes or you want to use to install your site master now that's not referring to my Git repo that's actually referring to the fact that it's the Eager master server that I want to talk about localhost on master database is running on localhost and there's a build file now that is a build file that trush will use using trush make to actually build my site I can just open it it's quite simple here it can be more complicated primarily all I'm doing here is get the version 6.22 of Drupal code and then I have an installed profile which lives in a Git repository which is going to pull now that's a repository that's an install profile it's a simple install profile which has another make file in it which will then fetch a bunch of modules and install your site that's the build number so what happens here is watch this happen right so I'm actually in the folder that's my Git repository so I have this is my install profile that we referred to earlier and that's the repository that we pointed Jenkins to so we'll just try and make a little change it doesn't matter so I just edited made a little edit to a CSS file yeah let's push now let's go back to the Jenkins interface so Jenkins is now polling changes to that because you're free every minute so we should start see that little task come up here it takes that change it starts to it gets to work and it goes now it's building so we can actually look at the console output basically this is as it's happening so started by an SCM change it detected that something's changed in the repository it checks out your code and checks out the revision and then runs deployment SH that's the command that we asked it to earlier to ask Jenkins to run it's building the platform it's getting a bunch of modules based on my Drushmake build files done done and then tells me where it's made a backup to that's 26 yeah so it verified a new platform that's today's date and time and verified this so it's moved my site to a new platform that is created verified so what we can do now is try and see how we go to stage from test we just try and create a new Jenkins task to now watch our stage branch in the repository and try and merge what the change we just did in test and try and get that to create a new site and I think I will do this and then I will quickly show you the scripts which I use the deployment file and launch so I will create a new job in Jenkins and I will just copy the previous job and we'll edit that after about 10 minutes I have been done in 5 minutes there is no point working but you guys get the drip basically what we did with test what we do in this case is create a new Jenkins job and instead of past we got test and I will just merge or we can share it with a comment but to give it a simple I was just going to do a little merge and watch the same thing happen again with Jenkins detects the change in SCM creates a new build again runs my scripts creates a new build again and so that was the make file we saw earlier so these are the actual scripts that Jenkins was running that's the deployment message so what it's doing is the fact file we want to run is passing it a bunch of arguments that fact is when you run so we are going both side profile so the make file we want to point to and the build number and the date and the date is what we are using to create a new platform so every time there is a new platform it's basically a date and time this is the pitch so if the build number equal to one which means if it's the first time a task is running we have to tell the script that the site doesn't exist yet you have to actually create it so these are the actual fabric tasks I'm running I'll show you where these are defined in a second so it's building the platform it's saving the alias for the platform which is what we have to do in a year after we create the site already exists so it builds the platform and migrates the site, saves the alias from the site into eager which is what we saw in the eager front end that's the actual fact file and this is where I am defining those tasks so what am I doing here that's my build platform task in small size, migrate size, save alias so this is a bunch of trust make and trust commands so it's making the platform taking the arguments from everything and basically builds a platform install to site those are the fabric tasks which is defined in the FabFile and we get the employment SS to run these tasks and that's pretty much what we do so as you can see it's like you can completely take Drupal out of this equation and still use a CI server and a bunch of fabric tasks to pretty much do anything you want so the demo didn't go very well and we lost power and all that stuff that's pretty much it, thank you very much any questions yeah so what we do is we always commit to faster and then we always then we're not committing this