Hello everyone, this is Mike Vangardi with the Boeing Company, and I'm here to talk to you about product cyber security specifically the secure airplane development life cycle used within Boeing commercial airplanes. And as a short primer on what I'll be talking about today, I just want everybody I think it understands that the aviation industry is focused on safety. Everybody in the Boeing Company works hard to achieve this. We also have a new concept called the E-enabled aircraft. And what I mean by that is that we now have airplanes that have awkward connectivity that may employ the use of commercial off-the-shelf software and services like the internet product this week. But so what the good comes the bad though, right? So because of this we now need to contend for cyber security threats. And so the way airplanes are developed now need to take this into consideration and so malicious intent via cyber methods is an air concern that needs to be accounted for during design, development, test, and analysis. So developing a product that is both safe and secure is of the utmost importance to the company. We also need to protect, you know, our airline customers, protect our brand and the aviation system as a whole. In order to do this, we need to secure the airplane but we also need to secure those data links, that connectivity and build a company culture that puts security right up there with where safety is today. Only then can we truly have an airplane that's secured throughout its entire life cycle. Now sounds simple, right? So let's talk about the complexity and what this really means. Now this chart really kind of shows that, you know, aviation is pretty large in scope and you can have all the security you want on the aircraft, but if we don't do our part to the rest of the ecosystem, meaning the ground systems, maintenance, you know, the federated systems that might come in through SACCOM or a global navigation, then we're not as secure as we need to be. And so Boeing is spending a lot of effort and time working across these different parts of aviation and as again, we'll talk about some of that stuff that here in the next few slides. And so as I kind of talked about connectivity, we have seen a growth in this in the Enable aircraft. Unfortunately, with all the good, you know, comes the need to drive cyber protections now. And so this is a new, it's a new norm within aviation. Like there was a time when cyber security wasn't a big deal, but those days are long gone. And so this is going to require protections that are both on the airborne assets, you know, the avionics, the airplane systems and those type of devices as well as processes and controls on the ground based systems to achieve this, you know, because airplanes are a global commodity that fly all over the world. Information sharing is one of those key enablers. You know, we partnered with the aviation information sharing and analysis center to get some good threat intelligence and basically just to build trust in relationships. So in the case of a cyber event, you know, that can affect multiple stakeholders in this industry, we have those relationships to be able to, you know, share that data. And we're actually getting to the point where with the connectivity, we're now going to need a way to manage all these connectivity solutions and basically the networks just like we do on traditional ground systems. So that's definitely going to be the norm. And then I got a couple of these line charts to just show the relationship right now between safety and security. So on the left, we have safety events. And what you'll see is that over time, those safety events become less common and actually, you know, based on good learning from mistakes, learning from history, you know, they tend not to show up or repeat themselves.  And so in the case of an aircraft, which typically has a life cycle of, you know, close to 30 plus years, if you were to never update, you know, the systems on the airplane, what kind of security issues might have popped up in between the initial certification and that time frame. So we know that that's an issue to solve and we are working towards that. And I'll kind of talk a little later about what we've done to help mitigate that. Now Boeing commercial airplanes has been involved with network security since 94. That was when we first released the white paper for the 777 that really looked at what would happen if you used a tamper maliciously or intentionally tamper with software. So we had some lessons learned from that. It kind of opened the eyes to some of our designers. Then came the 787 with the first Enable platform. And we've actually continued to, you know, add those types of systems to the rest of our fleets. So the 377s and 777s and 47-8s. And essentially the FAA at the time has realized that, you know, existing regulations did not adequately account for intentional misuse. And so we have something called special conditions. Those are the requirements levied on us by our regulator. They kind of fit into two different buckets. Protect the aircraft from internal passenger access. Those that want to do harm. Protect the aircraft from those trying to attack it external to the aircraft. And so right now we're actually, we're in the 2020 timeframe. We have some new guidance coming out that will, is a little more inclusive in talking about securing the whole ecosystem. I'll talk about those, those standards here in a bit. And so let's talk about what it means to have a secure aircraft architecture. And so one of the things that airplanes are built around is a something called domain model. And they're specific to, to find an A-Ring 6-6-4-4-5. I have a diagram on the next slide that will give a little more explanation. But essentially there's three different trust levels on the aircraft. You have your front of aircraft, the aircraft control domain. Those are systems that, you know, really have a command and control impact to the aircraft. You have those that sit in the airline information systems domain or services domain. Those are systems that are used to support maintenance or aircraft efficiencies and whatnot. Then we got the PI's domain or your passenger and information entertainment systems domain. Now each of these domains has, has different trust levels and they also have different designs and protections, you know, to mitigate any intentional cyber intrusions. These protections along with some administrative physical access and operational controls are what holistically together provide security for an aircraft. Now as I was briefly just talked about on the previous slide, the A-Ring 6-6-4-5 model is something that's in a published specification. This actually, this view right here, I kind of broken it into different views, a security view or responsibility, airline ops roles and functions. This is similar to a software architecture design pattern, say 4 plus 1, where you have different concurrent views to account for, you know, different aspects of those domains. And so in the security view, we have what is done in the closed part of the network, the aircraft. That's done by the air framer. We have those responsibilities that are done on the private side, which are those for the airline to control.  I had the freedom to bring my own devices, whether it's a cell phone or a tablet. I'm on the ground. I can use AT&T of Verizon, you know, to connect to the internet or other stuff like that. So there's different trust domains. They have different roles and they should come with their own different threats. To give a little more granular view on the connectivity and how they relate to the aircraft domains, this is a pretty busy chart, but it just kind of shows you, there's a lot happening right here. So on the far left in the red, that's our aircraft control domain. Those are systems that are, again, needed for safety of flight, typically in command and control of the aircraft. Some of the data links that are used on there are your L-band SACCOM for safety services. That would encompass things like AT&T OSI, ACARS. It will make use of mediums like VHF, if you're over terrestrial networks. SACCOM, if you're oceanic, you then have the middle of the airplane, which is AISD. There's a lot of different ground network interfaces for that, mostly broadband, anywhere from cell alerts to Wi-Fi. Also can use SACCOM in that regard. That SACCOM, though, is a KUDK band SACCOM. Again, that domain is mostly for airline operational use, just for flight crew, maintenance crews, and cabin crews. And then at the backside of the aircraft, we have, again, the entertainment domain. And this is what as a flying passenger, if you've ever wanted to get internet access while you were flying, you're going to connect to your IFEC, your Flight Entertainment Connectivity Server. That's going to, again, normally be a third-party like ARIEM or MRSAT. That's going to provide that for you. Now, this VEM diagram right here is to just kind of show the intersection of two main things. And so we all know that aviation safety is by far the main focus of all regulations in commercial airlines or commercial aviation. But then we also have all these other systems on the aircraft that maybe have nothing to do with safety or they're just for quality or passenger experience. That's the aviation cybersecurity. Again, there's not a whole lot of regulations around that. But in that intersection, the inner circle is where we have our aviation cybersecurity. And these are under purview of the regulator. This is really making sure that systems that have a criticality associated with them based on their design assurance level, that those systems are robust against cyber security concerns. In other words, to say that is a reduced chance or likelihood of a safety event happening in these cyber means. And so that's, again, a new area that's getting a lot of focus. That's where Boeing and its trusted partner spend a lot of time focusing on. And so what else is Boeing doing right now to get to that secure and safe aircraft? And so we actually do the airplane certification, something that is different than a typical airplane certification is now there is a separate activity to account for the security aspects. So almost like a security certification just to look at the malicious misuse, this demonstrates the security compliance. It verifies that the airplane meets the stringent security requirements. Also make sure that any other guidelines and things that the regulator is going to review is also accounted for. We're spending, you know, like most companies, we're always trying to innovate and find new cool things to make us more competitive, to make our customers find more value. And so we're partnering up with both internal and external parties. Some of these are private entities, others are like academia and universities to go ahead and, you know, work together to come up with some new stuff.  But you kind of look at those, work with those different folks to come up with new solutions. We have a dedicated team that's looking to air-to-ground interfaces. How do we get more data out the aircraft so we can do protective maintenance and trending and things like that. We also spend time doing risk assessments of risk management. We subscribe to the NIST framework, cybersecurity framework. This helps us focus on where we're going to, you know, what the big rocks are to go solve and spend money accordingly. Something else that's kind of aligned to risk management is the use of tabletop exercises, thread-teaming, wargaming, different words to say the same thing as we're going to look at, you know, with different stakeholders to see, you know, are our assumptions good? Where should we focus? Are there any gaps in those assumptions and whatnot? And a new thing that our team within Boeing and Product Security has just stood up is a team dedicated to doing product security incident response. So, as we get more vesting partners and working with the security researcher community, we need folks that are dedicated to handling any issues so that we can mitigate and fix those accordingly. And also to account for the sustainment. Now, most folks realize that the operational phase of any system is the longest period and the most costly. And so, because aircraft, you know, our 30-plus year flying machine, we have to do the security sustainment activities to make sure that those aircraft remain cyber-resilient, cyber-secure over that life cycle. To help us, you know, investigate that, we do a lot of testing. And so, we have a dedicated, secure, aircraft-cyber test lab. This lab has a, it's mattering of different systems that we can go use to test, but it also has reach-back capability into other parts of the company. And different other labs, whether they're different configuration or other systems. This allows us to do penetration testing both in-house as well as with, you know, trusted third parties that we brought on board or collaborated with to go look at stuff. And then lastly, we have these public and private partnerships that we, I don't know, we're only as good as the folks we surround ourselves. And so, we take an interest in leading industry standards activities, working with their European counterparts. One of the initiatives that we're tied into is their aircraft-cyber initiative. And that's a tri-chair with the FAA, DHS and DOD and working with some of those special programs. And then I talked about the Aviation ISAC. And that's something that we're heavily involved with. And so, I just kind of talked about our secure lab. We call that our SCORE lab. And that stands for a secure center for operational research and experimentation. We do a lot of different things in here from R&D to incident response, forensics if needed. And again, this is just one of the capabilities that, you know, as the airframeer having access to the embedded avionics, the different avionics buses and having all of those broke out into a way we can have access to them really helps with demonstrating, you know, the security of the airplane. And again, as part of that new focus on working together, again, with the folks like yourselves here at DEF CON, we've stood up a vulnerability disclosure kind of program. We didn't have one. And so, you know, that's something we just stood up. If you can see it there on the URL right there, that helps us and, you know, folks that do responsible disclosure. Also trying to partner with, again, the Aerospace Village and other organizations that are really focusing on making good partnerships, education and teaching each other, you know, both sides of the visit, the aviation side and the security side. And again, those partnerships I just talked about like the ACI working with different national labs, airlines, consultants or whatnot. Again, the goal is to do all of this work together to identify new issues, new gaps, things that maybe we didn't think about so that we can make our products better, safer and more secure. So speaking about a secure airplane development, this wanted to talk about some of the processes that we use to go do that. So we had the concept of a system engineering V and system engineering, but we focus on a system security engineering V. What that really means is it's still subscribed to the same systematic process for doing design and development, but adding those security activities as an abstraction layer on top of the normal system development. And so what that means is, you know, we'll do system security analysis. We'll make sure we'll do requirements verification, make sure that those systems have all the right requirements to reduce the risks based on those type of activities. Threat modeling, attack surface analysis, similar to how we do fault trees and fault hazard assessments, we do the same thing for security through a threat tree and looking at the and and or gates that could lead to a security event. Those all aggregate up to what we do then at the airplane level. So we do this for each system on the aircraft, but then what does that look like? You know, maybe you don't have a significant risk at a single system, but if you were to aggregate all of these different risks across the integrated aircraft architecture, does your analysis changes? So we do it at the airplane level as well. And then we also do the testing on some things you can't analyze away. You can't do through analysis. And so especially when we're talking about robustness and resiliency, we do a lot of the testing at the system and aircraft level. And that covers your traditional requirements based testing as well as those type of more invasive the penetration testing, the robustness and then looking for vulnerabilities and things that have already been documented. Kind of talked about the security standards and there's a whole lot of them in aviation. The top three are probably the most centric to aviation cybersecurity right now.  Those are all centered on how to do security risk assessments, how to do aircraft secure design. And actually they're gonna become the new methods of compliance on how to certify aircraft from a security standpoint. I lifted a couple others, A-Ring 811, that's an odor, it's a little stale but still has good information on it. The NIST kind of risk assessment guide and risk management framework, although not aviation centric, there still have a lot of good information. A couple of these are just specific to how to do security event logging 832, 835 is how do you do secure software loading using PKI and digital signatures. Spec 42 is used with an aviation as more of a digital information and a certificate policies and whatnot. So these are just again, some of the industry best standards that we use to help build and design and secure aircraft. Some of the principles that are caught out, like and say a DL356A and again, other places within industry are kind of listed on the slide here. So we do get a derived benefit from having such a strong safety culture. That means that typically we wanna be safe by default but we're working toward being secured by default. Now these can be at odds sometimes. And so there's always de-confliction and in trays that have to happen. Integrity monitoring, defense and death, availability, number of segmentation, these aren't really new or these aren't specific to aviation but again, the principles still apply to us. Something that I think is a little more unique on aviation is configuration management. So we had the ability to do maintenance and do what we call data loading so new software on the aircraft. Now to protect that against misuse, we have a lot of different inhibits and interlocks that prevent that. Some of this is discrete logic. We might use a mechanical interlock or an avionics label or bus like 429 that you need to be in a certain state to accomplish that. We do look at systems that design assurance level or their criticality has caught out on DL17AC. We also are now looking at security assurance level that has caught out on DL356 and then access control and authentication at least privilege again. These aren't unique to aviation but we're still leveraging the best we can. And then just a plug to the AI SAC, the Aviation Information Sharing and Analysis Center. I kind of talked to them a little bit before but again, when we're talking cyber security and we're talking an industry like this where this has such a global impact, right? If you have say an aircraft was to get hacked or have some major issues, you would need to know that because that could propagate through a fleet of aircraft across the world. And so to help mitigate that, again, we're part of the Aviation AI SAC. We help stand that up. We engage regularly with both airline customers, our supply base, other industry and government partners to again, to collectively build a better and more secure industry. And so just a couple more slides here. So managing ongoing risk. I talked about us going doing tabletops. We tend to do this through multiple iterations, whether it's an existing system that's been out there for a while or a new system that we wanna bring online. But essentially we wanna bring the right people and stakeholders together, get different views and what that really means. Understand what our threats are. What do we need to do in the future to build more resilient aircraft? And so that's really pushing us towards again and getting folks aware of why cybersecurity on aircraft matter and building that new cybersecurity culture. So in summary, just wanted folks to understand within communities like this is that we don't just stick stuff on an aircraft. We actually spend a lot of time looking at cybersecurity and it's looked at across the ecosystem. We're leveraging the industry best standards and practices. We embed security throughout the entire product development lifecycle. One of the ways that we help to be more secure is collaboration with our stakeholders because that's really the way that we can reduce risk collectively. We do take a proactive stance on managing ongoing risk. And so, just doesn't happen by itself. Cyber safety, cybersecurity and cyber resiliency are key principles within Boeing. And ultimately the message I wanna share with the folks here at DEF CON and Aerospace Village is we wanna proactively work with you. We wanna work with the researchers, wanna work with folks that are interested in making the industry better and more secure. And so hopefully this gave you a little bit of insight into how Boeing is managing a secure lifecycle and going forward help to work with y'all someday soon. Thanks for watching and we'll talk to you later.


Think Tech Hawaii, civil engagement lives here. And welcome back to Talk Story with John Wahee. We got another show for you as we dig into our community and find interesting people who are doing wonderful things, or at least have the promise of doing wonderful things. Today we have as our guest, Kohio Lewis. Kohio is the CEO of the Council for Native Hawaiian Advancement, which is better known as C-N-H-A. C-N-H-A. And you just took the job over, huh? Yeah, I'm sure. It's been about a month now. Well, welcome. Yeah, thanks for having me. Thank you for reaching out to the public out there. Now, first of all, what does C-N-H-A do? Good question. So the Council for Native Hawaiian Advancement, the mission is pretty broad. It's to support the development of Native Hawaiians, culturally, politically, economically. So culturally, politically, economically, so everything. So you're into, well, you're sort of a developer. You're into Hawaiian development. Hawaiian development. That's a good way to put it. I got it. So the C-N-H-A, how we execute that mission is in a number of ways. Number one is we help Native Hawaiians gain access to capital. So granting, lending. So we're actually a CDFI lender, which is a Native lender. So we target the most vulnerable population. If my wife is listening, she's going to be saying, I know Hawaiian who needs capital right here. All right, so you guys are in the financial service. We are. We execute programs as well. So we work closely with our Hawaiian trusts, our Hawaiian agencies. So that's like OHA, Kamoa. Yep, absolutely. Alo Liki? Yeah. We do very similar in work. They're like a sister agency in that we are always trying to identify opportunities to help advance Native Hawaiians. Another thing C-N-H-A does, which most people are familiar with, is they execute their annual Native Hawaiian convention. So this is where... We want to talk a lot about this, about your convention and how people can participate. But before we go there, tell us a little bit about yourself. So how does Kuhio Lewis become CEO of the Council for Native Hawaiian Advancement?  First of all, where were you born? Here in Honolulu. I was raised by my grandparents. Where? Like in Kakaako? In Nuanu area, above Nuanu. So I was born and raised in Nuanu. I attended my elementary, Kavanana Koa, and then McKinley High School. Oh, fantastic. Yeah, so a local boy, born and raised here, I have... So you're not one of those private school Kamehameha endowment types, right? No. No, you actually work for your job. That's right. Okay, go ahead. So life has taken interesting paths for me. I definitely didn't think that one day I'd be representing the Native Hawaiian organization. But it progressed that way. I was a single dad at a young age. I wasn't even 18. I had two kids. Wow. Didn't even graduate from high school and I was supposed to. Well, you're a lot more advanced than I was. I learned the hard way and it was through those challenges in life that I think I found my passion, my drive, which is to help others. And so I've been continuing that personal mission. So you went, you know, at some point you went to work for somebody, right? I ran for OHA trustee in 2010, based on that mission and passion that I had. And then I ended up working for OHA after the election as their youth coordinator. So my job was to organize the next generation of leaders to help provide them or discover opportunities for their aspiring leaders, right? Right. So that's where I started. And then I moved up the food chain at OHA at the Office of Hawaiian Affairs. So I started my real career, I guess you would call, at the Office of Hawaiian Affairs. I moved up to being the division manager for their community outreach program. So overseeing all of their neighbor islands. So division manager is like, right, I mean, it's one of the executive positions at the office. 22 staff, all the neighbor island offices came under my watch at the time. And I didn't know how that evolved, to be honest. I just was so focused on advancing community that things just evolved that way. But I have, I have been blessed, to be honest, I've been blessed. And now I have this new and exciting opportunity to continue that work. So this agency that you, you went from OHA to the CEO of the CNHA.   CNHA was founded in 2001, August of 2001. There's actually five founders of CNHA. Yeah, let's go through. Rae Soon, yeah, Rae Soon was the managing director of something at the city in Congress, at least he used to be. He was one of the leaders. He was the deputy director at DHHL at the time. And Hawaiian Holdings. Correct. Then you have Harry Sprote, Hardy Sprote. I'm sorry, Hardy Sprote. Hardy Sprote, who did Papua Lolo Kahi. Which is a organization dedicated to health issues. That's right. For Native Hawai'i. And then you had, Mahalani went before it was Kamo'u Rae. And she was the head of the Native Hawaiian Legal Corporation. So these, I assume that these individuals, in addition to the individual selves, were sort of committing their organizations as well. Yeah, but there's two more. If I don't want to... No, I'm not going to let you forget them. Okay, okay, I'm going to get, so there's Lulani. Our tag is another one. Cool. Lulani. Okay, and tell us a little bit about her. Well, she's, I'm not sure her background. I believe it was, yeah, I'm not sure. I don't want to screw it up. But Lulani, our tag was one of them. And then the other was Melody McKenzie from the law school. No, Melody is in charge of the program for Native Hawaiian legal excellence. Yeah, she works with Koguliao at the Native Hawaiian Law School. And then Robin Danner was the founding CEO of CNHA. So, the five people got started and then they hired Robin, correct? Right. And the vision of these leaders in our community at the time was really to create an entity or an organization where Hawaiians could come together and have discussions that weren't being had. In fact, as I understand it at the time, and all of these leaders were in their respective Kuliano, they were oftentimes at odds with one another, you know. So, this organization was really formed to help Hawaiians and find, have discussions that were relevant and important to their advancement. Well, great. That's the birth of the ocean. So, it was individuals but also organizations that created this? Correct. Well, they were representing the organizations and how they saw it was, we need a place to have conversations so that we can talk collectively about how we move forward. So, those were the founding principles of CNHA and it's really grown tremendously. Well, the person I knew there in addition to Robin for some time was Michelle Calhoney. Yes. Michelle has had the, she's led the organization. She's done wonderful things over the last four or five years. I knew she had a background in banking and housing development. Both Robin and Michelle have some financial background. Robin, a banker, Michelle really, she was with Hawai'i community assets at one time and then she became the deputy director at the Department of Hawaiian Homelands. So, I'm very fortunate to be able to step into the shoes of such prominent Wahine, right?  So, hoping, I know you're going to do great. So, tell us a little bit about what do you think some of the issues are for Native Hawaiians in this day and age? Well, I think in some ways we need to revisit the creation of CNHA. Why was it created? We need to have conversations in our community about the direction that we collectively see us going. So, I want to revisit our original purpose. Which is a forum for getting people together and maybe united on some mission. I also think there's a niche in our community to develop our next generation of leaders. So, I want to focus on that as well. So, looking at programmatic, so I was thinking about maybe like a police academy or, you know, these types of academies where we can groom the next generation of leaders to you talk about a police academy or something like a piece. Something like a police academy. It's a Native Hawaiian police academy. So, it's before they get to the actual police academy, we teach them their soft skills, their hard skills, all of the, and we hook them up with mentors so that they can be successful in their roles. I think that's the best thing that we can do is prepare our next generation of leaders for their rightful place in all spectrums. So, this academy idea, which is fascinating, what you're talking about is something akin to an intensive curriculum of leadership training for Native Hawaiian young people.  We could use a little bit of leadership. Actually, let me put it this way. So, I mentioned the police academy, but there's multiple branches, right? So, those that want to get into politics or serving or public service, there will be an academy to support their interests as well. So, there will be an academy to train people how to be... Whatever they want to be, but there'll be five strategic academies as I envision it right now, and it's very premature because this is what it's floating around in my head, but this is the direction I want to pursue where we have academies where these upcoming leaders who are coming out of the charter schools, the high schools, have an opportunity to quickly learn the skills and traits of their respect, interest that they have, room them, hook them up with mentors, and put them in the workforce. So, this is like taking somebody... I mean, it seems like if you do an academy like this, you got at least two dimensions. I mean, there is, I'm assuming, because you're targeting Native Hawaiian. There's a cultural aspect to all of this. I mean, what Hawaiian leadership consists of and all that. Absolutely.  So, you're going to also be teaching skills, I mean, real skills. Real hands-on skills. So, that may not be culturally based, but maybe necessary in today's culture. Right. So, broader culture. Native Hawaiians are hands-on learners, a lot of them, right? So, there's plenty of opportunities to go to college if you want to go to college, but what we're focused on is those leaders that want to get their hands in the sand and actually start turning dirt and do some work. So, this is interconnected with the academic portion of things. So, they can actually get experiences and be successful in their respective roles. Are you anticipating like, extern programs and things like that? Very likely that there'll be internship opportunities for these kids to actually be, whether it's the trade school with unions, or if it's the police academy riding alongside perhaps a police officer. So, they get hands-on experience. So, we're actively looking for mentors to help shepherd these young leaders. I'm too young to be a mentor. No way.  I want to be a student. You're making this program sound so exciting, you know. Let me give you a pitch, though. Well, a little pitch for the public policy. We call it public policy instead of political academy. Okay. And guys, if you're listening to this young people, look, this is the one job that you earned the right to decide public policy, which affects all of our lives, everybody's life. Hawaiian, the native Hawaiian, or non-native Hawaiian, that live in the state of Hawaii, maybe even broader. And the required skills are like, how good you can hold a sign? Right. I mean, where else? No, I'm serious. Where else? There's different ways to hold a sign. They are hard. No, really.  I was at a meeting and the young people there were learning, trying to learn how to get involved in political life. And they asked me. They said, you know, are we going to school? What should I take up? Should I be a lawyer? And I thought, well, what you need to learn is network marketing. You know, five people, five deep, and you can get elected governor. That's true. You're seriously, I believe that. Yeah, so, you know, that's an interesting area, because our policy makers are so important to the, you know, to, they decide the laws that dictate all of our lives. So, and you, as the former governor, I would hope you'd be a part of our public policy academy. Well, you know, I would be delighted to help you in any which way. We're going to take a short break right now. And we'll be right back to talk to Cahill Lewis. And we're going to hear a little bit about this convention. Okay. And what it means for the new, what are you going to call them? Kamehameha Academy? No, can't do that, that name statement. So anyway, we'll come back and we'll talk about the academy. For more than 100 years, American Humane Association has been teaching kids to be kind to animals. Those in our homes, on the farms, on the silver screen, and wildlife conservation caring for the world's vanishing creatures. But we can't do it alone. Visit kindness100.org to find ways to teach kids how they can make a more caring, compassionate, and humane world for all of us. Well, welcome back to Talk Story with John Whitehead. If you want to call in folks, our number is<PHONE_NUMBER>. That again is<PHONE_NUMBER>. Send us a question, stomp the guests. That segment of this program is called Stomp Our Guests. Now, I'm only kidding, but if people do have a question for you, I hope they do call in. Cahill, this is so interesting. The Leadership Academy idea, you just told me the name. It's the Leadership Academy. You've got to show that. It's like the Ali Academy, or the Warrior Academy. What's that Palaan Ivan great song? I don't want to get caught up in that. Which one? Colander. Yeah, Palaan Ivan did the Makul, doesn't matter, but it was about the Hawaiian warriors. It's that kind of statement. By the way, it's for all men, women, any young person who wants to lead. So tell us about your convention. Well, the Native Hawaiian Convention really is that opportunity that I was talking to. The vision of the founders where Hawaiians can come together. CNAJ for the last 16 years has consecutively held this convention. It's been held at the Convention Center at the Sheraton. And this year, though, we're having it at the Prince Waikiki. So we expect. The Prince Waikiki, you guys went uptown. I mean, from the convention center to the Prince Waikiki. I mean, where are we going to have it next? The Kahala Hilton? Or what? Hopefully at our. I'd love to see Hawaiians going uptown. Hopefully at our Hawaiian Cultural Center. Once that's built. Oh, Hawaiian Cultural Center. Yeah, but I assume that the one reason why you have the Prince, instead of the convention center, is cost or something? It is. And because we have a Native Hawaiian as the managing director there at the Prince. So Hawaiians working together to accomplish great things. Wow, that's a wonderful story. That's a wonderful story. So that's so you've had this person helping you put the convention. Absolutely. So we've brought down the cost of convention so Pat, we can pass it on to our attendees that cost savings. But the Native Hawaiian convention is this year, it'll have a little something for everyone. Okay. So you'll have your policy stream where we can discuss actual issues or laws and policies that are impacting Hawaiians or could be changed to support Hawaiians advancement. So you have health caucus, education caucus, housing caucus, all discussing issues. Education, housing, health, there's homestead. Homestead. There's seven caucuses. There's next gen, there's even a next gen caucus. And that's for the next generation. Next generation can talk about their future. So we have all of these caucuses, which are policy caucuses, and they're focused on policies that support their respective interests. Right. So those policy makers will be in those sessions. What do they do? They try to achieve consensus? Yes. So you have like Papua Olokahi. You have the Native Hawaiian education council. You have all of these different organizations who do this work in their day-to-day coming together to discuss what laws collectively they can address or what policies we should be introducing. So CNHA is a strong voice on public policy and it's through our member organizations who bring forth ideas that we're able to accomplish that. Well, you also seem to be unifying people. So I'm a little bit of a political novice and it seems like when you unify people, you begin to develop a kind of strength and momentum. That's my goal. My goal is to bring people together. I mean, I know that we're not going to ever be able to all agree, but to the extent that we can, we need to have a conversation about where we want to go as Hawaiians and then we identify the best way forward. And, you know, the consensus should rule at the end of the day. And that's what I'm looking at is bringing people together, doing some consensus building and moving forward, Hawaiians, advancing Native Hawaiians. That's what I'm looking for. Well, I tell you what, you know, this idea of bringing people together in strength. What is the date of the convention? I think it was sometime October 8th. October 8th to the 10th. It's October 8th to the 10th. And so it's before the general election. It's right before the general election. And that is in part to be strategic, but it's also before the legislative session. So it's a chance for us to develop priorities, legislative priorities, and potentially introduce them as law. Well, you know, there is this, I don't know, this belief that some people have that I, you know, frankly, don't agree with, but they seem to think that Hawaiians will never agree. So we don't really have to pay too much attention to them. Well, that there'll always be some going right, some going left. And, you know, and the easiest way to ignore something is to say, well, why don't you guys agree and then come and see me? You know, so you're trying to get past some of that. This is one of those ways in which we can have conversation and then look at how we go forward. So it's consensus, but it's key. You got to have your community behind you if you're going to move policy. Well, that's what you did as an organizer. Yeah. So that's naturally my background is I've organized large events. I've organized rallies. I've organized marches. And I know that without your community and without a degree of consensus, it's very hard to move forward. So my goal at CNHA is to bring people together as I see it. Well, you know, I think people misjudge Hawaiians though, you know, a lot. But just because we, you know, we may not agree, at least initially, on some solutions or some way of going. It doesn't mean we don't care. It's a tremendous amount of passion that goes into these feelings. Yeah, absolutely. It's about Hawaiians are very passionate. And I think it's a good thing. I think we need to learn how to harness our energy and focus that energy so that we can have, make positive progress. Well, I just want to, and this is for myself. This is not for your, you know, for your organization or anything. But I just want to say people should not mistake the fact that we may be passionate about what we believe in for this unity.  Family is where we people can go and argue and talk. And everybody think it's noise. But don't threaten one member of our family because we'll all be there to make sure that you don't get away with the threat. So I think people need to understand that there is a core that the Native Hawaiian community believes in. And if it's threatened, the whole community will be affected and will stand up as one. I mean, I believe this. And I'm hoping CNHA can facilitate. Absolutely. The organization like this. Me too. And you know, there's lots of conversations that need to be have from the community lens, but also our trust leaders. And I'm talking about the very, the respective Aliitras, if we can find a way to come together, have conversations about our collective future, that's very powerful. So I think it's on all levels. So the Aliitras, maybe our listeners don't know who all of them are, but I'm assuming you're talking about Kamehameha schools, right? You're talking about Lili Okalani Trust. I'm saying Lunalilo. Lunalilo Home. Queens. Queens Hospital. People don't know them, but Queens Hospital is a trust. It's a Native Hawaiian Trust that was started by the King Kamehameha IV and his wife, Queen Emma. Queen Emma. Then that's why it's called the Queens Hospital. And what's the fifth one? I thought there was... Oh, well, there's OHA. Yeah, well, OHA and DHHL are state entities, but they have resources that support... But they also have trustee responsibility. Absolutely. And actually, that's a good point, Governor, because you were instrumental in the creation of OHA, and you, the vision should be... OHA needs to be more self-governed in other words. Yeah, sure. Move towards that. So having these conversations with OHA, with DHHL, with our Native Hawaiian Trust should be happening, and perhaps as the neutral party in this, CNHA can be the convener. Well, I hope that CNHA is a little bit more than a neutral party. I hope that you're a catalyst for this. And I knowing you, I personally, I think that you would do a very good job as being a catalyst.  And plus, you got trained at OHA. And if you can survive OHA, my goodness, this should be an easy, easy job. So tell me a little bit about your vision. Tell me a little bit about where you want to see everything be in 10 years from now. So I shared with you, ultimately, where I think there's value, and that's that Leadership Academy. But to get there, before we even get there, I plan to embark on a community strategic planning. So we're engaging stakeholders at different levels to discuss. And so that can be a part of the development of CNHA's strategic plan going forward. So we'll be launching a strategic plan for leaders, for community to come together and discuss what is CNHA's future? What is our vision going forward? Yeah, what is your role in this milieu of... Right. The other thing I didn't mention is that CNHA is actually a member-based organization. So we have over 130 native point organizations, businesses, and otherwise that fall under our umbrella. So working closely with those members. So the members... Well, this is a very important point. I want to emphasize it. So CNHA actually is made up of 130 member organizations. And it's growing. So since I've come on board, we've brought on about 25 new members under CNHA. Oh, wow. So we're growing. Are these all native Hawaiian organizations? Yes, they all are. Well, they're native Hawaiians, yes. So the cool thing about CNHA is they're actually... It's actually governed by the members. So the board of directors are made up of that membership. The board of directors decides who's the CEO who executes... How the board of directors select it? They have bylaws and they have a process in which they... But basically by election? Through election at convention, right? So around that time, they have a conversation about who's going to be a part of the board of directors. So it's a very democratic process. And it's a member-owned, really, if you will, organization. So the members are on the board, and the board controls the organization's direction. So, okay. Just to recap, you're going to have a convention in October. Now, is anyone invited or is it by invitation or how is it done? Everyone is invited to attend. We will be posting information on our website. HawaiianCouncil.org, you can... HawaiianCouncil.org. Yep. You go to that website, there'll be background on the convention, and we plan to put the registration process up shortly. We're just solidifying all the speakers and engagement. The other thing I want to tell you is, we talked a little bit about convention having this policy theme. There's also cultural activities, enrichment activities there. You can learn how to create Kahili. You can go on a hua kai with Lily Kala Kamelihiva. She's going to have a bus that takes her on Waikiki, talking about the birthing places of all of our... Ali. Yeah. So, because that was a summer area for our Ali. So, she's going to take a group on a hua kai, a field trip through Waikiki. There's all kind of activities or something for everyone. That's wonderful. Yeah. Well, I want to thank you so much for agreeing to join us. And it's not very often that we get to talk to somebody at the beginning of their tenure.  I know from what you've done in the past, I expect that you'll be a success with the council on Native Hawaiian advancement as well. So, thank you. Thanks. Cool. And everybody, here's your chance. Take part. Support the... I love the idea about the academies, by the way. Thank you. Thank you.


The clot thickens on YouTube is our very first game that you are helping us design by creating levels now with white blood cells. Let me show you how it looks. Here is the level designer note. This is not the full game. We're building the game. We have hundreds of levels, many of which you have submitted. Click that I to see the initial video if you want to submit a level for the clot thickens and get your name in the credits.  You can choose them up here. And when you play, you'll notice they have a very special defense mechanism. They have these little spikes. This is the warning. And look, see those big spikes?  Now the little spikes are warning you. So it gives you time. So there it was the big one. Now if you circle the cell, it's safe.  If I circle, whoop. Okay, I have to jump to the cell first. If I circle the cell completely, no more spikes. So now it's a safe cell that I can now just get the rest of the, I missed two of the bubbles. Tell me down there in the comments below if you like white blood cells, the concept. We're constantly improving the game based on your feedback. Remember, this is a game we can all play together, Freedom Family. In the future, we will create custom games for you in your vision. Ever wanted to make a game? A particular kind of game that doesn't exist in the world? We will make it for you. All you have to do is spend your time to tell us. We will write the game design document and build the game on mobile or browser. And then we will share in the revenue. That's for everyone, not just freedom partners. We welcome good game designs from anyone on YouTube. And we will pick people who we believe can help design a great game and promote it through their channel or social media. That's the concept of MGM Studios, creating custom games for creators. We pay for the development. You do the marketing. Well, we do it together. And we all share in the profits. Sounds like a plan? Tell me down there in the comments below if you have some ideas about games you want to see built in mobile or browser. Okay guys, we're not building World of Warcrafts yet. We're not building MMOs. We're not building Call of Duty. Maybe in the future. But for now, we're focused on casual games, smaller games like the Clothickens. The link to it is down there in the description below if you want to play it.  We just wanted to give this taste of everything to you because, well, we are excited and we're hoping you're excited too for this new edition. The Clothickens soundtrack was composed by Music Factory. This is our free library for you, Freedom Family, that you can use with 100% certainty there's no issues with copyright strikes or content ID matches. Click that I to see this channel behind me. And right now we have a Christmas album that we just released, obviously because it's Christmas. Merry Christmas, Freedom Family in one day. Big hugs to everybody where we all help each other grow together as a family. That is the spirit of freedom. It always has been, it always will be. This is our 24-7 Christmas livestream all composed by Music Factory. Let's listen in. All of this music you can use for free, for everyone in freedom. It's a little hard to talk around the music. But I think you get the idea. Do you guys like our Christmas livestream? It'll keep streaming through Christmas, so if you just head on over to youtube.com slash freedom, you're sure to see it. Tell me down there in the comments below. I'm very proud of the team. It's amazing composition. It's great Christmas music and it's original, unique. You won't hear this anywhere else on YouTube. This is part of our mission, which is, we want you to be successful online, create a career path in video, and we are here to help you, the Freedom Family. And who am I? I am your Papa George, your George Sun Pie, your Obi-Wan George Novi, and many other names you, the beautiful Freedom Family, has given me. I am the CEO and founder of Freedom! For Freedom and the Freedom Family! It's Christmas time. I hope you are with your family and celebrating this once in a year commercial holiday. Commercial because, well, we spend a lot of money and that's when we make the most money on YouTube because all the advertisers are trying to convince you to spend your money with them instead of everybody else. Sadly, January will be half of December, but that's just how advertising works in the YouTube world. We all know this, but if you're new to YouTube, well, get ready for a 50% drop next month in your channel revenues. And then it'll slowly climb from there to the next peak in December. All right guys, I want to make sure everyone has a happy holidays. Be safe. I am George and you've been watching. 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A recurring feeling I get is, wow, where did all the time go? And I know I'm certainly not alone with that feeling. It seems that even though if I look at my activities of the day, I'm not doing anything that is directly time-wasting. I seem to be using all my time towards a good end, which is more than I could say for most of my life. Having been able to overcome most of my escapism, I devote most of my time to what I consider to be useful work towards achieving a good life. And yet when I get to the end of the day, I often think, wow, what did I do in that day? It often seems like it takes so much to add up to anything. And there's only so much we can do in a day. And it just often feels very inefficient. The time just disappears. So sometimes this really bothers me and I wish I could be more efficient with my work. Now there's a lot of things that I can do to improve the efficiency of my work and get more done. The most basic is to reduce the things that I'm trying to do. To simplify, have a very clear and simple objective and focus on that, rather than multiple objectives or unclear objectives that will scatter my energy and time. So that's a big piece of it. And connected with that, another piece would be to have big chunks of work to focus for long periods of time and do a run, do a sprint, get a bunch done, rather than bouncing around between activities. So there's a lot that can be done with that and there's a lot of considerations about that. And I could talk on and on about that, but still it seems to me there's another thing going on that I haven't thought about before. And that's this idea of efficiency depends on having a system. You have a system where things are done in a regular and consistent way and then you work on improving the system so that you can do things as efficiently as possible. But when you're doing something new, when you're exploring new territory, that cannot be efficient in the same way because it's exploration, it's unknown. When you're in unknown territory, you cannot manage it like a system where you know what to expect. So I can see it would be easy to let this be an excuse for wasting time inefficiently. But there seems like there has to be a place for open, wandering exploration to take a break from this idea about efficiency all the time. Always trying to increase efficiency. That is useful with existing repeated tasks that are regular tasks. You don't want to waste too much time and energy in them, want to get them done in a clear, efficient way. But when it comes to exploring new territory, then we can't do that. And that should be a part of life. Life should never feel like an entirely known system. You know, I love things to be orderly and organized and it can be very effective, but it's also possible to take that way too far and sort of see everything as this organized known system. I find it useful to remember that as much as I can look around and everything is familiar, even if I seem to be doing familiar things, every day really is a new world and we are in new territory every day. And as we develop our new way of doing things, we're exploring unknown territory. So, by all means, find ways to close the leaks on time wasting, but at the same time, I like the idea of having this kind of openness where I can accept that I'm in an unknown place and exploring it is going to take some time. So, I don't need to measure every day by how much I got done according to an existing metric, but maybe I can look at it in terms of what I explored. Can't even measure how much because it's not clear how to measure how much I've explored, what new has been learned today, and maybe that means more. What more have I become today? Maybe that means more than what have I done.


First question is from Jess x 207. How do you feel about at-home workouts with only dumbbells? Do you think you can get the same results as a gym? You can get excellent results at home With just dumbbells like phenomenal results the only kind people that I think might suffer from just using dumbbells Are people are really advanced? Who are lifting really really heavy with barbell exercises and because they aren't doing the barbell exercises? They may lose some strength not necessarily because they lose muscle but rather because they're not practicing the skill of a specific exercise But honestly if you know as a trainer I used to tell my clients this all the time If you have a pair of dumbbells and an adjustable bench, I could give you a phenomenon. That's all I needed It's all I ever needed to train clients to train most people so you can get phenomenal results doing that in fact All of our programs have an at-home version now So like let's say you do maps anabolic or maps aesthetic for example You go in there. There's a dumbbell only version so you could follow the whole program at home with just dumbbells The only person that suffers is a powerlifter Yeah, if somebody's very specific that needs to be good at barbell lifts in order to excel in their sport That's the only person you can build an incredible physique with just dumbbells I mean honestly, I would say 80 plus percent of the clients I trained I Because in a gym when it's primetime hours. It's hard to get a bench, you know, it's one squat rack It's hard to get a little so a lot of the training was dumbbell most the training I think I taught was dumbbell training you could build an incredible physique without ever ever touching a barbell now We are obviously we talk about the benefits of a barbell and we love barbell training But it doesn't mean that Consistency and diet is is trumps the shit out of the tools that you're using if you have good programming That makes the biggest difference in the world and so what I mean by that is I mean you could get crappy results With just dumbbells too, but it's not because of the dumbbells. Yeah the programming side and I think too I mean definitely powerlifters, you know have a different goal in mind But also they could benefit a lot from dumbbell training and to you know, like fit that in And cycle out of what they're normally doing to get into more like, you know lateral type training and to have that independent load where now You know, your body has to be able to stabilize and react in a different way provides a new stimulus So really like dumbbells should be a part of your routine at some point Even if you're trying to be a goliath in the gym with with barbell. Yeah, I can think of better Honestly, if you only could get the bare minimum for equipment for your house Paradum bells would be honestly the best option I mean you could do a lot with suspension trainers and bands too But dumbbells are so versatile. They're free weight. They adjust to your body. You can build muscle with them. You can condition You can do quite a bit with dumbbells. They work you unilaterally So it's really good for balancing out your body if you want to develop aesthetics Dumbbells are more than sufficient. So you're gonna do great with just dumbbells


People are encouraged to believe by rival newspapers that Brexit is somehow a uniquely British event down to uniquely British factors with a uniquely British story running under it. Clearly that isn't true. It reflects economic, social and political tensions that are happening all across Europe. Paradoxically, Brexit is a deeply European story and the conversation tonight will reflect that. People from the north of England do not come to London for the theatre scene and Bulgarians do not come to Britain or Greeks or Portuguese or Turks because of the weather. They come because they must, because there is a capitalist crisis, there is a crisis of European capitalism which is creating the lowest level of investment in the history of the post-war era. Also there is another anniversary I think it's important to say which is coming this year is the 100th anniversary of the October revolution. And well, I'm not a hardcore Bolshevik or something like that but I think it's a very important revolution which shows that also out of a crisis, out of a bloody war there is also a possibility for something else. And I think also out of the crisis of the European Union there is a possibility for something better. There's a beautiful expression by the Lebanese poet and thinker Khalid Jigran. He says in one of his books he mentions how he learned silence from the talkative and how he learned kindness from the unkind and how he learned tolerance from the intolerant. I think that should be our motto at this moment in history. We have to learn the indispensability of democracy from populists. We have to learn the beauty of diversity from xenophobes and we have to learn the urgency of international cooperation from the nationalists. So whatever they're saying we're going to do exactly the opposite. It is a mistake to believe that there is an almighty political clash between the establishment and the populists. I think of them as accomplices. They need each other. Le Pen thrives on the failures of Brussels. Farage would not have existed without the inane handling of Europe's inevitable crisis. Lebanon has 40 percent of the population are refugees, which is 1.5 million, which is the population of the country where I come from, Croatia or Denmark, for instance. They have a refugee problem. Europe, 1 million refugees, it's nothing. Also another thing what I would add, look at the jobs what the immigrants do in London. They're actually doing the jobs normal or decent English people don't want to do. So in that sense, even if you just take the numbers, people shouldn't be scared about it. Why do we have pressure on housing in English towns? It's not because of migrants. Migrants highlight it and therefore become the focal point of anxiety. The reason is because Mrs. Stature sold off the council houses. Information is not the same thing as knowledge. Knowledge is not the same as wisdom. We have a lot of information about anything and everything. That's why some scholars call it the pancake generation. Like when you're making a pancake, you know, it diffuses everywhere along the pan, but it's quite thin, isn't it? It doesn't go deep. It's not nuanced. But we have a little bit of information about everything. That doesn't mean we have the knowledge and that doesn't mean we have the wisdom either, which is something else altogether and requires emotional intelligence. Trump gives us some hope, doesn't he? Does he? Yes. You know what?  There's nothing good about his election except that he proved that we leftists have been profoundly wrong all our lives when we have been hiding behind the idea that the establishment is too strong and we cannot defeat it.  If he can do it, we can do it.


Have you been crushing on someone but wondering if it's becoming something more? Emotions can be messy and hard to decipher when all we hear is our loud heartbeats or feel giant butterflies in our stomach. The upside is that as we grow older and gain more relationship experience, the answer becomes more clear. Here are five differences between crushing on and falling in love with someone. One. A crush develops fast while love grows over time. When you first develop a crush on someone, it can feel fun, flirty, and exciting. It's a lot like dancing with a flame, but it doesn't last forever. Love, on the other hand, takes time to grow. It demands patience, understanding, and hard work. When we crush on someone, it's the loud adrenaline rush that pounds on our chest. Love, however, allows us to find inner peace within ourselves. It's a lot quieter, subtle even, and can sneak up on us when we least expect it. Two. A crush forms from the basics while love thrives from deep connections. Have you ever liked someone because they share the same interests as you? A crush forms from basic information like that. Maybe the two of you have the same favorite color, or you can quote an entire movie together from beginning to end. But that's not necessarily love. Love isn't afraid to dive in the deep. It asks us to be vulnerable and go past the small talk, hobbies, and picture-perfect Kodak moments. It's sharing secrets and sometimes it means confronting the past and mending together. Three. A crush might feel insecure while love stems from trust. Crushing on someone can leave you feeling insecure when you compare yourself to others. But love is built on the foundation of trust. When you love someone, you feel at ease with them. You are neither possessive nor jealous. Love teaches us to let go of our fears, whereas crushing on someone allows them to linger. Four. A crush feels new while love feels familiar. When you crush on someone, it often feels fresh and young. But as you get to know someone better, love forms, making you enter rooms that feel familiar. It's like being with your best friend, someone who knows you inside and out, perhaps better than you may know yourself. When you're crushing on someone, you're too shy to even make it past the welcome mat. Five. A crush is reckless while love is mature.  Crushes can be confusing, reckless, and inconsistent. Love isn't so easily discarded though. When love begins, so does maturity. You learn how to be vulnerable, how to compromise, and how to grow with someone. It's more than just a feeling, but a life-changing experience. Do you think you're crushing or falling in love with someone? Please share your thoughts with us below. Also, don't forget to subscribe to our channel for more helpful tips and share this video with others. With your help, we can reach more people and provide our support. Thanks for watching!


Hi everyone, Joe for jaspyscasebreaks.com coming at you with 2019-2020 Panini Prism Basketball. Salo pack break, just one, Salo pack. Random team break number 124. Now the whole point of this is we're giving away those five mixer spots. So the mixer itself is sold out coming up a little bit later tonight but we gotta knock out some of these first. But let's do the break first before we give away those spots. Big thanks all of these folks for getting into the action. Thank you, ladies and gentlemen. All the teams are in. Let's roll it, let's randomize it. Three times, two and a one. One, two and three. Three times, Ryan Harold down to Quinn Carter. And let's get you a random team after three times. One, two and three, easy. Charlotte murder hornets all the way down to the Sacramento Kings. Maybe Michael Jordan should change the name of that Charlotte team. All right, so I'm not gonna read off all these names for a one pack break but it's 1920 prism. So Zach Paul, Palakins, that could be interesting. Jason O, Griz, that could be interesting as well. All right, so there's everybody else right there. Let's sort by team and let's print and rip. No trade windows on these little guys. Little mini breaks. There's that pack right there. I'll tell you what, tell you a secret. That's from a fresh box. So this is the first pack out of a fresh box. There's no like case hits or anything like that. I don't think it really matters all that much but case you're into that sort of thing. TWC means trade window closed. There you go. There you have it. I'm good luck. Well, so we'll re-randomize those names with a different dice roll at the end so you can win those mixture spots. And the basketball mixer will be coming up a little bit later tonight. All right, so let's see if we can find any magic here. Maybe a Silver Zion, Silver Jamerant. No, Silver Jared Allen. Maybe we'll find some surprises in here. Jeremy Anderson, what's going on? Ray Allen. Really, Collie Stein and Rookie Allen. It's a mileage. Rookie red, white, and blue. There you go. That'll go to the Warriors. That'll be for Peter. All right, so let's go back to the list right here. Let's grab everybody's names. Put them into a new list. Reroll, new dice. 12 times, six out of six. So it's top five after 12. Good luck. Two. And 12th and final time. After 12, name on top. Five, four, three. Sorry, so the top five names. Big thanks everybody else who gave this a shot. I almost thought it was just top name. No, Ryan Herald. Two spots in the mixer already. Then Jason O. Then Quinton. Then Jason O. Wow, a lot of multiple winners here. Jason and Ryan. So congrats to the top five right here. Big thanks everybody who gave this a shot. Breaks 124. This is break 124. 125 and 126 coming up a little bit later as well as the mixer itself. All right, thanks everybody. Joe for jaskiescasewakes.com. I'll see you next time.


Nigeria is known as the economic power house of Africa, but I think the biggest asset is its people. With 200 million people, Nigeria has the workforce to drive the continent. In fact, whatever happens in Nigeria will happen definitely throughout the continent. There are a lot of challenges dealing with the country so big, so diverse. Nigeria has a highly mobile population who go abroad for various reasons. There are a lot of Nigerian doctors who are being recruited. These are people with regular visas, regular permits going to these countries. Then we've had people looking for greener pastures. Usually through irregular means, we've had people who are trafficked, coerced into moving to different countries into very, very difficult conditions and those who take to the desert and the high seas to find this greener pasture. Since this conflict began in the Northeast, millions of people have been displaced. Between the Northwest, North Central and Northeast, we have more than 3 million people displaced by violence, by conflict. Some people also are moving simply because the land can no longer provide. They have to go to a place where they can survive to make sure that this country moves forward. It's important to make sure that we work hand in hand with the Nigerian government and the Nigerian people, not leaving anyone behind. Giving that it has a very young population with 75% of the population under the age of 35. This is a country that we should all work with and this is why IOM is here. We started this journey in 2001 with two desks at UNICEF office in Lagos. IOM signed the agreement with the government to assist the government in creating a migration framework. From 2005, we were assisting with the integration of Nigerians coming back, mostly from Italy, Germany and some other European countries. In 2009, we took the conceptual leap to assess the nature of mobility in the country and that gave us the basis in two years later to start the complete migration governance under the intent EDF, looking at counter trafficking, border management, border security and the sort of policies that we need to create to get that done. Fast forward to 2014, one of the major steps that we took was the migrant health assessment centres that we opened, both in Lagos and Abuja and this centre provides medical assessments for migrants travelling to the US, Canada, the UK, New Zealand and Australia. And this year, we're on track, despite the many Covid restrictions to assess 45,000 migrants go into these countries. In 2014, you may recall that it was that year that Chibok girls were abducted. IOM started the psychosocial support. We started expanding our capacity, expanding our footprint by hundreds of staff, hundreds that provide direct assistance to those displaced, operating in what initially were inaccessible areas. IOM is managing two key enablers in the North East, that's the humanitarian hubs and displacement tracking matrix. DTM provided data so that agencies can deliver and can have effective targeting of their services. The hubs provide the accommodation, the meeting space and even telecommunication to make us more effective in delivering and to be a more solid partner to those INGOs who are implementing services. In 2014, also west of the government, the various MDAs and many different entities, we started expanding policy development to improve the structure and build the capacity of these agencies to deliver. In 2016, we expanded MIDAS, the Migration Information Data Analysis System. Today, Nigeria has the most complex and biggest MIDAS operation system in the world looking at advanced passenger information system. Passenger name record is even more important in the age of pandemics to properly track and isolate those who've been exposed to diseases. So what started as a border management process now expands into public health and infection control. Also within that same space, we are working with a lot of NGOs to provide direct assistance to those coming back to Nigeria. Since 2017, IOM has returned under our emergency return mostly from Libya by 22,000 Nigerian migrants. What's actually extremely important is to effectively reintegrate them back into their communities. We know they are capable. We know they can pull themselves by their bootstraps. So instead of giving them a handout, we give them a handout in terms of cash-based intervention, our livelihood intervention, so that they move forward despite the conditions in the moment where they are. Today, this conflict is in its 12th year. So hand-in-hand with the Nigerian government, we are looking at how we can bring peace to the Northeast, how we can improve social cohesion to reduce the level of violence and to give the people the space to thrive, not just to survive. So the more people we can get out of the bush and to back into society, the better it is in terms of disengaging and disassociation and reintegration and reconciliation of low-risk former associates of Boko Haram. This is implemented by mostly Nigerians. Of the 1,500 staff we have here in this country, only 65 of them are foreigners. So the success of IOM here in Nigeria is what the Nigerian staff have put in place day in, day out to deliver to their fellow Nigerians. Some of them have been IDPs themselves. Some of them have seen the impact that such violence have had on them and they make it their mission to change that. And that's what makes us who we are and that's what is required to deliver at that level. Making IOM Nigeria the agency that it is today and I'm extremely proud of the team. Nigeria strong, IOM strong. Thank you.


Hello friends welcome to the session I am Alka, let us discuss the question which is differentiate with respect to x, the function in exercise is 1 to 11, given function is x to the power x plus x to the power a plus a to the power x plus a to the power a for some fixed a greater than 0 and x greater than 0, so let's start with the solution let equal to x to the power x plus x to the power a plus a to the power x plus a to the power a, now again let us assume that let u equal to x to the power x and v equal to x to the power x, now we will take log of both the sides of u and v both, we get log u equal to x log x and here log v equal to x log a now we will differentiate both sides with respect to x we get upon u into du by dx equal to x into 1 upon x plus log x into 1, here we get 1 upon v into dv by dx equal to log a into 1, this implies du by dx equal to u xx cancel out into 1 plus log x and here we get dv by dx equal to v into log x and here we get dv by dx equal to v into log a, this implies du by dx equal to v substituted value of u which is x to the power x into 1 plus log x and dv by dx equal to we substitute the value of v which is a to the power x into log a, now let this be our first equation, now we are given that y equal to x to the power x plus x to the power a plus a to the power x plus a to the power a, differentiate sides with respect to x we get dy by dx equal to, now since we know that x to the power x is du so it can be written as dy dx of u plus dy dx of x to the power a is ax a minus 1 and we know that a to the power x is v so it will be written as dy dx of v plus 0 since v by dx of any constant is 0, this implies dy by dx equal to now we will substitute the value of du by dx which is x to the power x into 1 plus log x plus ax a minus 1 plus we will substitute the value of v by dx which is ax log therefore dy by dx equal to x to the power x 1 plus log x x a minus 1 plus a to the power x log a hope you understood the solution and enjoyed the session goodbye and take care


One of the best questions to ask in friendship audits is, not do I like this person, but do I like who I am around that person?


Everybody forced here ripping 2021 NT and prism football hobby four box mixer number 15 Teared random teams break. You can always find the results at late in sports cards calm I did drop a link in chat for you as well Let's go ahead and get started start with two boxes of prism hobby. Well, let's see a manga Want to pull one tonight. I had a stained glass earlier. 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We've got Falcons rookie Frank Darby The red and black color match as well congrats Falcons That's awesome New recruits rookie Trey Lance Tyson Campbell J2 fele Titans Green Scope Vince Young to 75 Silver for Washington Curtis Samuel Rookies Amon Ross St. Brown Hunter Long Chargers rookie Purple Asante Samuel jr. To 125 and a wildcard points random at the end Rookies Fajoco new some orange for the Chiefs Patrick Mahomes at 249 58 to 249 emergent rookie Michael Carter Rookies Adafi. Oh a boogie basham redway for the Jets Michael P. Rhine to 149 and silver Rams rookie Benzkeronic Rookies out of yinbo ochlari purple for the Chargers Jared Cook to 125 and fireworks rookie for the Jags Trevor Lawrence Rookies Peyton Turner Asante Samuel Eagles orange Dale and Hertz at 249 Silver for the Texans Randall Cobb Rookies Cornell Cowell Jared Dokes Raiders rookie hyper Trevon Moreg to 175 And lockdown Ray Lewis books Geronik Eagles blue wave Dallas Goddard to 199 And hype C.H. All right two boxes of NT Here we go. Good luck everybody Got a Giant Super Bowl immortality Otis Anderson to 25 Mack Jones treasured rookie to 99 Nice one Pat's uh, we do not stream on Facebook Patch card Cowboys and Mari Cooper to 49 Maybe way back. Maybe a few years ago. I'm not sure Only been here a couple years. Maybe before that Treasured patch or tremendous treasures patch Matt Ryan to 25,000 Bangles Jersey card Joe burrow 14 of 99 Colts rookie dual patch gold to 10 Sam Ellinger 9 of 10 on that Autos now we have Patriots rookie Christian Barmore to 49 Purple rpa with a Ravens color match Tyson Williams 47 of 49 in purple foil color match Four color patch nice hit Oh nice dual auto Washington Ryan Fitzpatrick and Terry McLauren to 49 and redemption is Bears rookie NFL gear signature combos Justin Fields That'll be the dual relic auto congrats to the Bears. That'll be awesome should be number to 99 voices getting tired First up Steelers big Ben five of seven on his jersey number parallel Got Panthers rookie terrace Marshall jr. To 99 Colossal Jersey Washington Antonio Gibson to 99 Chiefs Jersey card Marcus Allen to 99 Chiefs Marcus Allen Ravens dual patch Lamar Jackson and rookie Rashad Bateman number to 99 printing plate dual rookie patch. That's Chiba Hubbard one of one nice one Panthers Three color patch up top one of one dual patch Titans rookie auto Caleb Farley to 99 Crossover rpa Panthers terrace Marshall jr. To 99 Panthers have done very well For a second to your team here terrace Marshall got a Washington auto it's Clinton portis to 25 Crossover rpa 49ers treyland 64 of 99 Sick hit Niners There you go get that magnum course. Let's do a points random Go wildcard points random to all Go nine times whoever's up top He gets the points one two three four five six seven eight nine Going to Harper Harper B. There you go. Let's do a recap We had printing plate dual patch Chiba Hubbard one of one there for the Panthers Relics we had Lamar Jackson Rashad Bateman Antonio Gibson Marcus Allen as a chief auto Christian Barmore Pats Got dual patch Sam Allinger Colts Joe Burrow Bengals Matt Ryan Falcons Lamar Cooper Cowboys Autos now Clinton portis Washington terrace Marshall jr. Panthers Caleb Farley Titans Fitzpatrick and McLauren for Washington purple rpa Ravens Tyson Williams We had readily brookie auto Kyle Trask Bucks Ken and Wang Wu auto Vikings Henry Ellard Rams out of 99 Two nice rookie quarterback hits here. We had crossover rpa treyland's niners And rookie NFL gear signature combos Justin Fields bears Big ones there. Thanks again everybody for joining. We're on to flawless now


Now, over the last years of having coached hundreds of people one-on-one, I've really been trying to reflect on what were the core beliefs or the inner traits that I noticed in people who self-sabotage the most versus those that do not self-sabotage that much or versus those that tend to get really good results in coaching. Now, I've narrowed it down to two traits that I see. And when I see these traits, they really do serve as red flags to personal growth. So I figured in today's video, I want to share the two beliefs that I see are the most damaging to improving your life and just overcoming the stuff that is holding you back. Hey, guys. Alex Hein, author of the book Master of the Day. Now, one of the ways I personally trained myself to overcome limiting beliefs was actually through journaling. So I've included the first link in the description is a link to a free journaling worksheet and a series of emails that you will get to show you how to use journaling to overcome beliefs and reach your goals in life and how to get your life together. So you can check that out. The first link in the description there. Now what are these two beliefs? Now I will say you may not recognize them necessarily in yourself, but you will recognize the way they show up. So these two traits are the neurotic type and the hopeless type. So the neurotic type is all about this belief underlying everything, which is that I'm fragile. I'm fragile. So the neurotic type is like, what about that thing? What about that thing? What happens if I do that? And what if I do that? What happens if that happens? All these things are designed to build control because of the fear of letting go. Will bad things happen if I let go? What happens if I stop working as hard? What happens if I stop keeping my kitchen immaculately clean? What happens if my apartment isn't clean all the time? The neurotic is the control freak. Those are some of the traits I've been battling. It's basically since childhood. Now the other trait, the hopeless type, is all about the fact that I will not be able to overcome these things. I can't change is what the hopeless type says. So how do these two manifest in a person's life? Let's go through the example of dating. So the first type, when it comes to dating, tends to have beliefs that are like, I'm fragile and I always end up with heartbreak. You know, whenever I date these girls or I ever date these guys, it always keeps happening like this.  And then, or it could even be that we are that person, but nonetheless our perception is that I always end up with the heartbreak. It just doesn't work out. Now on the other side, there's the belief that I can't change. And so we say things like, you know, this is more the personal side. I keep dating that person. I keep dating the messed up person. I keep dating the unambitious person. I keep, why do I keep attracting them? Rather than the external perspective, why am I drawing this into my life all the time? It's like my curse. You hear people say that. But really, it's a series of personality traits, beliefs and programming usually from their parents or from childhood. Now what about money, for example? So the fragile type is more like whenever I get money, I lose it. And there's this thing that like, they make themselves believe that there's something wrong with them fundamentally that makes them incapable of having and holding onto money, of getting a good paying job, of having savings. There's always some story around why they keep losing it or why they can't keep it. Now the other side of the story surrounding the person that believes they cannot change, underlying that's what they really believe.  So these stories have been invented to reinforce the belief that there's a predetermined reason why I cannot change. Now what about when it comes to health? So from the fragile category, you see people like, I have this condition and so I can't do sports. I can't get that job. I can't ask that person out. I can never have my own business. All these stories, which by the way may be based on truth, you may actually be handicapped. But what I find very often, maybe some people are, but very often people use certain health conditions as handicaps. When there are others, you could find the same condition that have overcome those handicaps. So the belief is that because I have this, therefore I cannot do the things I want. And it's another kind of self-sabotage. So what do you do with all these beliefs though? Like why am I bringing these up? Besides of the obvious fact that they are all ways that we self-sabotage. There are stories and alibis we use to prevent ourselves from getting the results we want. And it seems like why would I invent a story to be less successful, less happy, less fulfilled? Because often, for example, when you see people that want something that another person has, we often like to believe that those people are special in some way. The story may be that they are brilliant special, financially gifted from birth, from their parents special, beauty they've been given genetically special. But what are we really saying? We're often really saying that they have something I do not. So therefore, trying is futile. There's no point in trying because I don't have what they have. And very often this is a lie. We prevent ourselves from doing the work by saying, they're special, I'm not. I could never have this if I wanted to. Because then we realize if that's really possible, if that girl, that guy was like me 20 years ago, 10 years ago, then I got a hell of a lot of work to do. So why don't I get started on that? That's a heavy burden to bear. But if you want to be real with yourself, very often we fall into that category. So my challenge for you today is if there's a part of your life you're not getting results in, look at two beliefs. The first belief shows up in many ways, but the belief is fundamentally that I am fragile. The second belief shows up in many ways, but it is fundamentally that I cannot change. But there is something that stops me from being able to change and therefore get the life I want. Take a look at those two beliefs this week. Let me know if that helps. And of course, if you want the best way to start with belief work in my experience has been going through journaling exercises. The first link in the description will give you a free journaling worksheet as well as an email series every few days on how to use journaling to get your life together and reach your wildest goals. You can also check out my last two videos right there and right there.


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That's all the problem on photoelectric effect. We're given light of wavelength 430 nanometer is incident on all the metals in the table. Which metal would show photoelectric emission? So light of this much wavelength is incident on all these metals and we have to predict which of these will show photoelectric effect. In which of these cases electrons are gonna come out. So where do we begin? Now there are so many different kinds of numericals that can be asked on photoelectric effect that I used to think that oh my god for every numerical now I have to remember how to solve it. But no for any numerical all you need is Einstein's photoelectric equation. And it's not enough if you just remember the equation you have to understand it. So that's where it will start. Let's start by quickly recalling what the whole Einstein's photoelectric equation was. The whole idea is if you have an electron trapped inside the metal and you want to release it it needs energy. And the energy is coming from light which is made of photons, particle nature of light. And each photon has some energy which is given by the Planck's equation H times F. F let's use green for F. And when that electron absorbs the photon it uses its energy for two things. It'll use it a part of it to escape from the metal. So part of it is used to escape from the metal and that energy is often called the work function of the metal. And that's what's given over here. How much energy is needed? How much minimum energy is needed to escape from the metal? And the rest of the energy will go out as kinetic energy. And therefore the photoelectric equation from energy conservation we can say is the energy of the photon is the work function plus the kinetic energy. And of course some electron, most electrons will not be lucky. They might also lose energy internally. And so only those few lucky electrons will come out with the maximum kinetic energy. And so that's why we say this is K max. So this is the first step for any numerical on photoelectric effect. This is the heart of solving any problem on photoelectric effect. All right, so where do we go from here? So we're asked to predict which of these will show photoelectric effect. So I'm thinking why won't some of them will not show photoelectric effect? Why? Well think about it, if the energy of the photon is less than the work function itself then there will be no photoelectric effect because work function is the minimum energy needed. So for this to show photoelectric effect the photon needs to have at least 2.14 electron volts of energy, for this at least 2.3 and so on. So imagine if my photon's energy was, I don't know maybe let's say two electron volt. Then I know none of them will show photoelectric effect. If my photon's energy was five electron volt as an example then I know all of them will show photoelectric effect. So you see what we have to do? We have to figure out that means what is the energy of the photon and then see if it is more than the work function. If it is, photoelectric effect will happen. And how do we calculate the energy of the photon? E is equal to H times F. So now would be a great idea to pause the video and see if you can continue and try and solve the answer. Try and solve the problem. All right, let's do this. So the main thing we have to find is what's the energy of the photon and we know how to calculate that. That's going to be the Planck's constant H times the frequency of light. But here's the thing, frequency is not given to us. So here's the frequency. Frequency is not given to us. We are given the wavelength of light. How do you calculate frequency from wavelength? What's the connection between them? Now again, you can remember a formula but I don't like to. I like to think of this logically. So again, if you have forgotten it, don't worry. Go back to your waves. Again, very quickly, let me show you how I do it. What I do is I take example. So let's say the frequency of a wave was five hertz as an example. And let's say it was traveling at some speed, I don't know, maybe 100 meters per second or something. 100 meters per second. Then the way I think about this is here's the source. If I wait for one second, then I know in one second, five waves will come out. So it'll be one wave, wave number two, three, four, five. And this would be the first wave. This would be second, third, fourth and fifth. So wave is going to the right. And that first wave in that one second would have traveled 100 meters, right? Because it's going 100 meters per second. And so I now know five waves occupy a space of 100 meters. So one wave will occupy a space of 100 divided by five. And that's our wavelength. So wavelength would be 100 divided by five. But what are we doing? In general, we are dividing the velocity by the frequency. And there you go. No confusions. You don't have to remember anything. That's how I like to do this. So this will be h times frequency would be the velocity. Velocity of light, and we know velocity of light. That's c. So velocity of light is c divided by the wavelength. The value of h, we know that. It's 6.63, 10 to the power minus 34. Velocity of light is three times 10 power eight. The wavelength is given, so we can substitute. Let's do that. So this will be 6.63 times 10 to the power minus 34 times three times 10 to the power eight divided by lambda, which is 430 nanometers. So that will be 430. Nano is 10 to the power minus nine. And so now all we have to do is plug all of that in our calculator. I'm gonna quickly do that. Let me just calculate these numbers. So here's my calculator. 6.63 times three divided by 430 gives me 0.0462. So let me write that. 0.0462 times 10 to the power. How much do I get? So I have a minus 34. Then this nine comes on the top and gets plus nine. Plus eight plus nine is 17. So minus 34 plus 17 gives me minus 17. And if I shift to zeros, I will get 18, 19. So I get 4.62 times 10 to the power minus 19. And what's the unit? Joules. This is the energy of the photon. And if this energy is more than the work function, photoelectric effect will happen, otherwise it won't. But now we see another problem. This energy is in joules. And the minimum energy that's given here, work function energy is given in electron volts. And so I can't directly compare them. So either I have to convert all of this in joules, which I won't do. Or we can convert this into electron volt. And that brings us now to the last question. What exactly is an electron volt and how do you convert them between joules? And again, this could be confusing. Should I multiply? Should I divide by something? Well, again, here's how I think about it. An electron volt, one electron volt, if I want to convert it into joules, just substitute for that E. There's an E over here. So it's gonna be one times, E value we know is 1.6 times 10 to the power minus 19 coulomb and volt is volt. Now this coulomb volt is joules. This itself is joules. How you ask? Well, remember, voltage or potential is work done per charge. So joules is just C times V. So this is how you convert. So one electron volt is 1.6 times 10 power minus 19 joules, but I want to convert joules to electron volt. So what is one joule equal to? It'll be one divided by. So one joule will be one divided by 1.6 times 10 to the power minus 19 electron volt. And so now I can convert this. So in energy of the photon, in electron volt will be 4.62 times 10 to the power minus 19. And to convert joule into electron volt, I'll divide. I'm gonna write that over here. 1.6 times 10 to the power minus 19 electron volt. Does that make sense? So I convert it joules to electron volt, and this cancels out. And if I again bring back my calculator, there we go. So now I'll do 4.62 divided by 1.6. And that gives me 2.887. I'll round it off to 2.89. Let's do that. So this will be 2.89 electron volt. That's the energy of our photon. Now, let's look at this. When I insert in this on cesium, will there be photoelectric effect? Yes, because the minimum energy is 2.14, less than 2.89 will happen. What about here? It will happen. It will happen. Here, it won't happen because the minimum energy is 3.2. Photon doesn't have enough energy, it won't happen. Here also, it won't happen. So these are the three metals that will show photoelectric effect.