What is up everybody? This is Chris from the Rewired Soul where we talk about the problem, but focus on the solution. And if you're new to my channel, my channel's all about mental health.  And yes, today we are going to be talking about the nine differences between the average brain and the depressed brain, all right? And I think it's important to note before we get started, if you have depression, there is nothing wrong with your brain, all right? It is just tuned a little bit differently, okay? We're gonna be talking about different brain regions. We're gonna be talking about neurotransmitters and all that kind of good stuff. But before we get started, I have a little secret to tell you, all right? So come here real quick. I am not a neuroscientist. I know, I know it's hard to believe. I look like a neuroscientist. I talk like a neuroscientist, but I am not one. But you know who is? This guy, all right? That is Dr. Alex Korb. He is a neuroscientist. And I actually just finished his book for the second time. It's called The Upward Spiral. It is one of the best books on depression I've ever read in my life. And he is super cool. He's actually gonna be a guest on my podcast really soon when I reboot that backup. I have a lot of really cool psychologists lined up for the show. But anyways, if you have any questions about depression that you would like me to ask him on the podcast, make sure you leave some comments down below. All right, so let's get started by talking a little bit about a couple brain regions, okay? So first we got the dorsal anterior cingulate, all right? Now this pays attention to pain, mistakes you made and things that might go wrong, all right?  Then you also got this part of the brain called the ventral anterior cingulate. And it is for optimism. So that part of the brain kind of chills the amygdala out.  Just know like we have two main parts of the brain, okay, you got your limbic system where the amygdala is, that is our very primitive emotional part of the brain. Then there are parts of the prefrontal cortex in that whole brain region. That is responsible for things like emotional regulation, logical decision making. It helps us think rationally and problem solve and all that, but we're gonna be talking about how depressed brains function a little bit differently, all right? So number one, depressed brains actually see facial expressions differently. So check this out, okay? So they did a study where they showed regular people with average brains and people with depressed brains different pictures, okay? People who had different emotions, sadness, happiness or neutral faces, all right? Check this out, okay? People with depression saw neutral faces as being angry or sad or different negative emotions, okay? That is huge, okay? So think about it. When you're hanging out with friends or family members or you're at work or you're on the street or you're at the store, all right? Somebody who has a neutral face, no expression at all, the depressed brain perceives that as that person being angry at you or maybe you think they're sad, right? Because people with depression actually have more empathy than other people like we can feel other people's emotions a lot more than the average brain. But just think about the implications of that, seeing neutral faces as having an emotion that they don't actually have. So number two, the depressed brain actually fixates on the negative longer than the average brain, all right? So in one study, what they did was they showed people different words, okay? They showed them different negative words or words that would imply something like scary or hurt or whatever. And the average brain, the amygdala lit up for an average of about 10 seconds. For the depressed brain, the average was about 25 seconds, okay? So people with depressed brains, they experience negativity longer. So like, think about it as bouncing back. People with depression, it takes them a lot longer if they're lucky to even bounce back, but it takes them longer to bounce back from negativity. Number three, the depressed brain has a stronger negativity bias, okay? All humans have a negativity bias. It's something that kept us safe, kept us from being eaten by lions and tigers and bears back in the day and all that. But today it's not as necessary to notice the negative, all right? But depressed brains notice the negative a lot more than the average brain, okay? But this can also be sort of a positive. Like Alex Corb discusses in his book, like you wouldn't want a super optimistic, like structural engineer, right? Somebody who's like creating a building, they're like, nah, you know what, that's probably safe. You know what I mean? So sometimes that negativity bias can help you see problems that other people don't see. For me personally, like sometimes I need to talk to people and help them kind of balance things out and let me know that everything's gonna be okay or I've been through it before or hey, this isn't as bad as this other situation. I need some people to kind of hit me with that other point of view when my depression is kicking in. Number four, there is a genetic component for depression, okay? If you come from a family where people in your family struggle with depression, you're more likely to get a gene associated with depression. One thing that that gene does is that it affects the way that neurotransmitters kind of are created or how they multiply in your brain. Serotonin is probably one of the leading neurotransmitters where if you don't have much, like it can really make you depressed. Like if you're looking for motivation and you can't find it, like because of your depression, typically that's a serotonin issue, all right? But they also found that the ventral anterior cingulate is less active when you have this gene. And if you remember from what we talked about earlier, that part of the brain is responsible for optimism, all right? So not only does this gene make that part of your brain smaller, but it also makes it less active. So number five, and sorry I gotta look at my notes here real quick, is this one always trips me up. Number five, mood congruent attentional bias, all right? So again, this is how depressed people see the world, okay? Again, this goes back towards the negativity bias, okay? So imagine kind of having this lens of the world. And I hope some people who don't struggle with depression, I hope this is educating people a little bit, but people with depression, this mood congruent attentional bias, it's like having this lens on where Alex Korb talks about it as like, imagine only watching the news, right? And only thinking like this world is a terrible, awful place, all these terrible things are happening, da, da, da, da, da, right? Like you could change the channel, but people with depression, it's hard for them to change that channel. Number six, depressed brains assume the worst. So in one study, what they did was, they were showing people pictures and they tried telling people beforehand like, hey, we're about to show you some negative pictures. And they saw these people because they had them hooked up to brain scans. Their emotional center of the brain in the limbic system became more active. They expected the worst, right? But with another group of depressed people, they didn't tell them that they were going to show them negative pictures, but when they said we're about to show you pictures, the brain also reacted like it was assuming the worst. Number seven, the depressed brain feels pain, both physical and emotional pain more deeply, okay? So what they've seen is that depressed brains do not release endorphins as frequently or as good as the average brain. Endorphins are the body's natural morphine or opiates, all right? I laugh because I'm a recovering opiate addict, so that kind of makes me chuckle a little bit. But anyways, so when you experience pain or emotional pain, like your body or your brain reacts to that by like, hey, here's some good stuff to make that make you not feel so bad. Well, the depressed brain isn't quite creating those endorphins in the proper way. Number eight, now this one I think is huge. The depressed brain stores bad memories more than the average brain, all right? So in the limbic system, you have a few key parts. So you have the amygdala, right? The emotional center of the brain, but then you also have the hippocampus. The hippocampus is responsible for storing memories, okay? And one of the things it does is it stores emotional memories. So when you're happy, it's like, yo, I'm gonna save this in the hippocampus, right? But when you're seeing the world through a depressed lens, that brings up a negative emotion and those are getting stored in the hippocampus. So depressed people have more bad memories on average. Finally, the depressed brain has a completely different view on winning and losing, all right? So in one study, what they did was they hooked people up to a brain scan. Once again, they loved them some brain scans and they had them playing this like gambling game, all right? And basically when people lost, who struggled with depression, when they lost, they were more likely to have the part of the brain responsible for motivation, that activity decrease, all right? But not only that, not only that, when they experienced a win, their brain didn't store that memory as good, okay? Now think about that, all right? So people with depression, they're less likely to notice these positive events, these wins, these small victories, right? Their brain isn't storing that as well. Now, check this out, the good news about that study is they gave those people antidepressants for four weeks. Four weeks, had them come back, ran the experiment again and when they won, they were able to log those positive memories of winning much better, okay? So let's get into the solution because my videos aren't just like, oh, hey, let's talk about the problem. Nah, baby, we talk about the solution too. So one, obviously, if you haven't yet, talk to a doctor, give antidepressants a try if you haven't yet and the best advice I can give you as somebody who's been on antidepressants for over seven years now is don't think that if the first antidepressant doesn't work for you, no antidepressant will work for you. Like, we all have different biologies and we react to medications differently. One medication that didn't work for you, a different one might work better for you. For example, I was on Lexapro for many years. It worked fantastic for me, but I knew a lot of people where it didn't do squat, okay? It takes time, it takes patience. We have to work with our doctors to find the right ones for us. All right, the next thing, the next thing, I think I mentioned this on my second channel. I have read so many damn books on mental health and depression, all right? So many, like, it's dozens of books. And two things constantly come up. Two things are constantly coming up. One is start getting in more physical activity. This doesn't have to be exercise.  But any kind of physical activity is good. Walking around the block, doing like a few pushups. Like, you don't have to do 100 pushups. Just do a few, get moving. These, like these activities help with depression so much. Second thing is sleep, okay? I know a lot of you struggle with insomnia, bad sleeping habits, you're a night owl, all that kind of stuff. Get your sleep right, all right? If you want me to do a video on how to get better sleep, let me know because that is huge, huge. But good news is, is that exercise and physical activity can actually help you with your sleep. So I don't know if you can notice, but I'm actually down 20 pounds this year. And something that I've noticed is from physical activity and eating better, my sleep is better too. I have so much more energy during the day, all right? And the last thing we're gonna talk about is therapy.  If you have health insurance, all right? You can call your provider and ask them what therapists are in your network. And you can typically find therapists who specialize in certain things, depression, trauma, anxiety, or if you wanna try a specific type of therapy, like cognitive behavioral therapy, dialectical behavioral therapy, EMDR, R-E-B-T, right? You can find therapists who specialize in those things, all right? If you're seeing a doctor, sometimes your doctor can recommend you to a good therapist, a good psychologist or something like that. Me personally, I use BetterHelp online therapy and I absolutely love my therapist, all right? And BetterHelp actually supports the channel. So in the description of all my videos, there is a BetterHelp affiliate link. What that means is that you get affordable online therapy and when you sign up, some of it comes back to help support the channel, all right? Lastly, if you don't have insurance, if you don't have money, in the United States, almost every, I don't know, decent-sized city has government-funded mental health programs, all right? I'm not talking about state-funded mental health facilities, right, even though a lot of them do, but some of them will provide you with free therapy or when I was working at the rehab center, I had some clients have to go to these state-funded organizations just to get their meds refilled because they lost their insurance or whatever the case may be, all right? You can find access to the government-funded stuff through calling, I believe it's 211 or go into the SAMHSA website, okay? S-A-M-H-S-A, Google it, all right? But anyways, like I said, I will have Dr. Alex Korb on my podcast very soon. If you have any questions about depression, let me know down in the comments. If you want me to make a video about how to get better sleep, let me know down in the comments. And what was I missing? There was something else. I don't know, check the description. There's gonna be stuff down there, okay? Anyways, that's all I got for this video. If you liked this video, please give it a thumbs up. If you're new, make sure you subscribe and ring that notification bell. And if you think somebody will benefit by being educated about depression, share this video with them, all right? But before I let you go, I wanna send out a huge, huge thank you to everybody who supports the channel over on Patreon, as well as everybody who supports the channel by buying my mental health books at theRewiredSoul.com and everybody who gets merch from the RewiredSoul merch store. You're all amazing, all right? Thanks again for watching. I'll see you next time.


A platinum nanosyme, point NP, loaded reactive oxygen species, ROS, responsive prodrugged nanoparticle, CPTTKHPPH slash point NP, is created to overcome the limitations of chemotherapy and photodynamic synergistic therapy in cancer treatment. The ROS-responsive prodrugged consists of a thio-ketal bond linked with camptothacin, CPT, and photosensitizer 2, 1-hexaloxiephyl, 2-devinyl pyrophio 4-by-day, HPPH. The point NP in CPTTKHPPH slash point NP can efficiently catalyze the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, into oxygen to relieve hypoxia. The production of oxygen can satisfy the consumption of HPPH under 660 nm laser irradiation, to attain the on-demand release of CPT and ensure enhanced photodynamic therapy. As a tumor diagnosis agent, the results of photoacoustic imaging and fluorescence imaging for CPTTKHPPH slash point NP exhibit, desirable long circulation and enhanced in vivo targeting. CPTTKHPPH slash point NP effectively inhibit tumor proliferation and growth in vitro and in vivo, making it a new cancer theranostic agent that can further promote the research of chemo-photodynamic synergistic cancer therapy. This article was authored by Nghao, Yuwen Chen, Xinlong He, and others. We are article.tv, links in the description below.


Okay, so Fab Alley and later India are ethnic wear brand, both of them solve for one problem, how to democratize fashion for the Indian woman. Fab Alley does it in the western wear category and India does it for the modern fusion ethnic wear category. The reason why both brands are so successful at this point and how by their scaling up so rapidly is that we are very, very consumer focused. Everything that we do on design, on marketing, on distribution is led by what the consumers is telling us about what they want to wear and where they are heading and we keep an umbrella of the Indian woman like we keep her in mind always. We are always thinking about what is the occasion that she is going to be wearing this, what age group is she, where does she live. So a lot of data mining and a lot of very analytical, insightful planning goes into our collections and hence both brands are scaling up rapidly. I think for us solving this problem of affordable fast fashion for Indian women, for Indian women by Indian women is what we are doing. A lot of brands in the country that are international, that are not led by globally, what's happening around the world, what the modern woman is wearing, we do that. We look at what's happening around the world and we bring it to Indian women in ways that they are comfortable, that suit their aesthetic and I think that's what really sets us apart. Even in terms of distribution what we do differently is that we are not really stuck on a channel, we are very agnostic in terms of our distribution. We feel that we need to be everywhere, everywhere that we are relevant to our customers. So whether that is online, whether that is in departmental stores, whether that is in our own stores, we are doing the whole gamut, the entire bouquet of distribution for our customers, keeping their behavior and shopping patterns in mind. What would I tell them? So many things. One, I think it's a great time to start up, like the business environment is friendly, incorporation is not as challenging as it used to be maybe a decade ago. The other thing I would tell them is to have a clear idea of what, like a very clear vision or what they want and yet be flexible enough to pivot and that would come if they constantly listen to where you know what consumers are saying, whether you know whatever their end consumer is whether it's B2B, B2C, wherever the direction is you know wherever they are seeing like sizable traction that's where they should head and not give up.


Summer has arrived and Appalachian Wireless has a great sell on the world's hottest smartphone from now to the end of the month. You can get the amazing iPhone 13 for more than half off because we are you. We are Appalachian Wireless. Earlier today water levels rose in the city of Martin creating a massive detour. Anyone trying to get to City Hall, the fire department or the police station will have to go southwest towards Hazard before returning to the city of Martin. It is unknown when water levels would decrease and the road will become safely passable again. So yesterday my wife and I were running around to the different stores and checking up on our own place at the same time but the water got up to about 5, 6 feet where we live and it totally submerged our shed and we kept running around town and none of the water was here but yeah all this was overnight. But yesterday it got pretty bad South Martin kind of McDowell area between McDowell and Martin is where it just kind of crept up and it seems like tonight it finally caught up. The couple floods that I have been in, this has been the worst. They keep talking about the flood back in 84 and how this is even worse than that so it's pretty bad. Emergency resources are currently only available via detour and the mayor's office is flooded leaving no way for anyone to get in or out. Despite this the citizens of Martin are still expressing their gratitude towards first responders. I think the first responders are definitely doing everything they can especially hauling people out. Like in Maytown I've seen several police cars and fire department trucks hauling people to safety. The water gets into your home you can still clean it out but there's businesses and people are losing their cars especially in Heinemann, White'sburg area. Actually my cousin, my wife's cousin came up here because her car got swept away. So pretty bad in those areas. Reporting from Mountain Top News, I'm Nick Colum.


Hello and welcome to the International Daily Roundup by People's Dispatch, where we bring you major news developments from across the world, our headlines. Nationwide outrage over custodial torture and killing of two men in southern India. Left and green political candidates see major wins in French local elections. Multiple political assassinations in Colombia over the weekend shake the country. And Australian federal authorities investigate pro-China legislative for so-called foreign influence. We begin with India where widespread outrage is broken out over the reported custodial killing of two men in the southern state of Tamil Nadu. Jayaraj in Benix, a father and son duo, died last week reportedly after being tortured by the police in Tutukudi district. The two men were arrested on June 19th for supposedly not abiding by the state-imposed counter-pandemic curfews. The family of the two alleged that they were beaten up before being presented before a local magistrate in the middle of the night. The magistrate sanctioned their custody without directly verifying their condition. A couple of days later, they were admitted to hospital with excessive bleeding and other ailments. The two men died in the hospital between June 22nd and 23rd.  Human rights groups, left parties and progressive organizations have called for the accused to be charged with murder and custodial torture. Four of the accused officers have been suspended or transferred from their posting. Action is yet to be taken against the judge, while no murder charges have been filed against anyone involved in the killings. The state government, led by an ally of the right-wing BJP, has denied custodial death and has justified the arrest as well. After sustained protests, the state government transferred the investigation to the National Investigation Authority, that is the central bureau of investigation. Local milk vendors in Tutukudi refused services to police officers in protest. Shop owners in the region also shut down in protest against the killing. The region has been witnessing a spike in police violence on small shop owners and hawkers under the guise of anti-COVID-19 prevention measures. In our next story, the ruling centrist republic on the move or LREM of France was not successful in making much headway in the final round of France's local body elections held on Sunday. According to the latest trend, the Green's party or the EELV may win most of the major cities. As per the results declared so far, EELV has claimed between eight major cities including Laon, Strasbourg and Bordeaux already. The elections were held in over 4,827 cities and towns across France. In the capital Paris, incumbent Mayor Annie Hidalgo from the Socialist Party won her second term after defeating the candidate of Macron's LREM who came third. Formed by President Emmanuel Macron in 2016, LREM was contesting local body elections for the first time. In Marseille, France's second largest city, Green and left coalition candidate Michel Rubirola was leading with more than 10% votes against her conservative party rival. According to exit polls, Macron's LREM may not win any major city. However, Prime Minister Eduardo Phillips, the Republicans and ally of LREM kept their mayoral seat in Le Havre. Alongside the rise of the left, the right has also been on the ascendance. The far right National Rally or RN, headed by Marine Le Pen, won the mayor's post in the southern city of Perpignan defeating a conservative candidate. It is for the first time that the RN won a city with more than 100,000 inhabitants. In our next story, a series of assassinations of social leaders took to Colombia this weekend. In less than 24 hours, four indigenous peasant and social leaders were killed in the departments of Choco, Meta and Vivare, North Santada and Sucre. On June 27th, peasant leader Salvador Jaime Duran was shot dead allegedly by National Army soldiers in the North Santada province. The Social Integration Committee of Catatumbo and the Association for the Promotional Social Alternative Minga denounced Salvador's murder as a case of extrajudicial execution. They demanded an impartial investigation and justice for him. This was followed by 68-year-old Ovidio Baena being found dead in the Sucre province on Sunday morning. Ovidio was a member of the opposition left-wing coalition of Colombia-Humana and a former oil workers union leader. The same day, 22-year-old Javier Urragama, an indigenous governor of Agua Clara, was founded with signs of torture in the Choco department after disappearing on June 25th. Meanwhile, Yohani Efer Vanegas, a peasant leader and a former member of the revolutionary armed forces of Colombia or the FARC, was also assassinated yesterday. On June 28th at 6pm, a virtual candle march was held in solidarity with the communities of Catatumbo and in rejection of the possible return of false positives. In Colombia, false positives refer to the kidnapping and murder cases of civilians by the military, which are staged as the killing of guerrilla fighters in combat. Between 2006 and 2009, during the regime of Alvara Uribe, the military was incentivized to indulge in such violence. The Australian Federal Police is investigating a sitting state legislator from New South Wales, alleging so-called Chinese influence. The accused legislator, Shakit Mosulmane, was a senior leader of the NSW branch of the Australian Labour Party. Mosulmane alleges that Prime Minister Scott Morrison and his ruling coalition is engaging in political lynching. Mosulmane was accused last week of receiving funds from the Chinese government in order to influence a sitting legislator. He has since been expelled from the Labour Party and has had his home in Sydney rated by federal authorities. Mosulmane was known for his outspoken criticism of the Morrison government's support for the anti-China attacks by the Donald Trump administration in the US. He has also been criticized for praising the Chinese government's successful detention and containment of the COVID-19 spread in China. His case is the latest in recent years where opposition politicians are being alleged of being influenced by China. In 2017, Sam Dashtiari, another leader of the NSW Labour and Senator was expelled over allegations of being influenced by the Chinese government. That's all we have in this episode of the International Daily Roundup. We will be back tomorrow with major news developments from across the world. Until then, keep watching People's Dispatch.


This is a really good one. Yeah, get that net. This is a fatty. Look at that one. That one's bigger than the last one. Yo, what's poppin', people. Welcome back to another episode of Kicking Their Bass TV. We are out on the bass boat today. I'm so excited about it. It's been a while since we've been on the bass boat. Not only that, but we're on the Savannah River today. Not the Yogiichi. We're on the Savannah River. You know what that means? We're going for some big bass, and I had to bring a big bass catcher with me today. That's me, my boy, A-dub. Got A-dub behind the camera. Show yourself, bro. Can you do a little? I'm going to do a little something like this. I know he scared you all without him. So we're out on the Savannah River today. We're going to be trying to catch some big fish. Man, I haven't been out here in a while, but I think it can really happen. We are hitting the tide, I believe, correctly. The river is slightly flooded, which I will say can make the fishing very tough. But I think we're going to put our heads down today and catch some good fish. I'm just really pumped about it and just glad to be out here. The weather is beautiful. It's still like kind of hoodie weather, but to be honest, A-dub, I feel like we could take our hoodie off right now. Oh, yeah. For sure. Like it's really not that cold. For sure. If you guys are new to the channel, hit that subscribe button. Hit the notification bell. Share this video with a friend and hit the like button. I'd really appreciate it. It helps out the channel more than you guys know. But we're going to go ahead and hop into this one. Get to our first spot. I'm going to show you guys exactly what I'm throwing. We'll kind of show you what A-dub's throwing. If you guys want to check out his channel, by the way, link will be down below. We're going to go ahead and hop into this one. Let's see if we can catch some giants today. Things started. Probably before I just start sitting down and tying up, I do want to throw a few casts. I just talked to a guy. He said I'm going to go really nice, gentlemen. He said he had good luck this morning, but right now he said it's just been, I don't know. He said it hasn't been good right now. This morning was good, but he says the biggest one was two pounds. He said they're only like 14 inches, but they're just fat. You will get on a big boy. We're just going to have to fish a certain way. I haven't been out here in about one time in the last four months. We need to really figure these fish out fairly quick, too. We got about four hours of daylight. We're going to put our heads down, see if we can catch these fish.  Trying to fish some of these deep banks to start off. I just went all the way back into this creek. This creek right here, the problem is the water's so flooded, so you want to find some of these areas where the water can't go back, because to the left of me right here, it's like a swamp. That water goes back so far that those fish can be so far up there that you'll never get to them. I'm really trying to target these banks that have an edge on them to where I can actually cast up on the bank rather than just fish some of the edges and be guessing on where those fish are at.  This is a 12 inch ribbon tail, or 10 inch ribbon tail. I just see if we can get a bite or two. I'm going to work this thing really slow and really pay attention to what I'm doing. I'm probably going to put on a spinnerbait here in a bit and start cutting on water. I think that might be a good game plan today. Usually we're after a cold front, too. We're starting to warm up here, and it can be really tough. Yesterday's day of fishing was just very brutal. You could tell that they weren't wanting to bite. It's going to be a little iffy, but I still think we can catch them. If we can just figure them out and figure out where these fish are positioned, and more importantly what they're eating. I think if we put on something like a spinnerbait that you can trigger this just to bite and get a reaction. Let's get to work, guys. Let's see if we can get a few in the boat. Really would think there's one around there. I'm not going to lie. When I get a bite, I'm going to be excited. I just feel like he's already going to be one of those tough to get bites, unless you just figure them out. I really think it's a spinnerbait, though. All right, y'all. It's about that time that I tie me on a spinnerbait. Adams over there throwing a fluke. I was throwing that Texas rig, which Texas rig and a fluke are going to be a staple in today, but I kind of want to check around a moving bait because these fish could be really finicky. But what I find out about finicky fish is that sometimes it's almost better if you throw something that has a lot of vibration and is a little aggressive because they could just be sitting down there looking at your bait. But if you roll something by like this, a bass is a predator. Not only are they a predator, but they're going to react to stuff that puts off vibration and goes by them really quick. A spinnerbait might be the trick. I'm not going to reel it fast, though. I'm still going to slow roll it and really like focus on hitting the cover on the bottom and bumping off of everything. We'll see. I think this could be a really good bait today.  I like this wind coming up on these trees. Well, maybe we should spend a ton of time doing this. I am going to go. I ain't going to go there super quick, but I'm just going to keep it going. This is a good little spot, dude. This one could be slurking. It feels so good down there. Do you feel all that bumming that spinnerbait off all of that or hooking it? There you go. Well, this ain't good, buddy. It has nothing to do with the cold front. I ain't worried about that. It's just a water level, dude. Well, guys, we are on spot number four. Not a bite. We can take out and go to the guicci. Should we? I'm not going to lie, Adam, if we spend another 30 minutes and not get a bite, we might need to. Dude, no, it's going to be, I believe it's going to be right. I don't know. I need a double check, but I believe it's going to be right. All right, y'all. We just took out the boat. We're in a little time crunch. We're about to go put in the other river and I think we're going to catch them. We're having about an hour, a little over an hour of fishing, probably just about an hour. But I think we're going to smoke them. This river is just too flooded. We had to pull the cards and we just had to say, hey, is it worth us fishing? I think if we're out here for fun fishing, I would have stayed out here. But the fact that we're trying to film a video and try to catch like 10 plus fish for y'all and videos for both of our channels, we just got to hop to a different river because I believe we could catch them before the end of the day, but I don't think we're going to catch over five fish. So let's go ahead and head to the other river. Hit the like button if you're enjoying this video so far. We're about to catch some fish for y'all. Got to roll to another spot. I don't even know if my stuff's all put up, man. Hopefully we'll catch them now. I thought we were going to catch them here, but. Thought wrong. All right, y'all. We just got to the ramp, had this other river, ended up stopping at the gas station, had a little chicken sandwich break. Now we out here, we're going to make it happen. We got about an hour, I'd say a little over an hour to do some fishing and put some fish in the boat. So fingers crossed that we make it happen today.  It wasn't the best, but I'm going to tell you it's going to be a lot better than the river we were just on. So we're going to go ahead and back in here. We got an hour on the clock, two weeks to do.  I wish it was lower, but what can you do, man? You can't beat the daylight. The last time I came out fluking a spinnerbait was what was getting big. I couldn't even catch them really good on a worm, but we'll see. I'm surprised we didn't get one right there. I thought one was going to be sitting there. Last time I went out caught one spinnerbait there. All right, I got a second spot. Let's make it happen. Didn't get any bites in the first spot. I don't know what in the world these fish are doing. I think it's just inconsistent weather, but we're going to try our best. I'll tell you, we're going to lay it all on the line today. What's up? Really? That's a good sign. That's a good sign. If you got a bite right away, we could land about 30 the next hour. We'll try it for about five, 10 minutes if it's not having to leave. You just want a reaction, but that's a good one, dude. That's really good. That's a big one, dude. Big and actual. No, it's a big one, Adam. There ain't much fish in here. At least it shouldn't be. Yeah. Oh, yeah, that's a good bass, bro. Like a three? Yeah. Oh, he ain't even that big. Oh, yeah. He's fast. Oh, yeah. Hey, first cast on a spinnerbait, bro. They want a reaction. Let's go, baby. That's a good one. He ain't quite three, but he's a high two. You see how stubby he is? These fish are hefty, dude. Let's go, bro. Hey, we might just figure it out. He's cold, man. There we go, guys. First fish of the video. Just came out on the geach. We're out on this spot for, what, Adam? Three minutes? Probably something like that. I threw that worm a good bit. No bites. He was throwing a drop shot. You know, he didn't have any bites. I picked up that spinnerbait. First cast, a solid almost three pound geach bass. He's stubby, but man, that's a hefty fish right there. Fat belly. That's what we want right there. We're gonna keep the ball rolling. They're probably gonna want that reaction bite right now. These fish are finicky. I think they want something going past their face and hitting off that stuff on the bottom. You got us a good one right there. It literally was first cast. It's a good little sign, guys. Listen, hey, we had a tough morning. We adjusted, came out to a different river. And right away, we got us into a pretty good fish. See if we can keep the ball rolling right now. That's a bass. Yeah, it's a good one. Yeah, it's a big one. Oh, gosh, that's a really good one. Yeah, get that net. Adam, Adam, yes. He was running away. That's another three pounder, dude. That's a fatty. Look at that one. That one's bigger than the last one. You see me almost, I almost got it in the net. It was so close, I reached out so far. Look at that, guys. Look how he's barely hooked. See that? Yeah. Barely hooked. These are the biggings are biting, Adam. This time of year, I feel like it's when I catch a lot of good fish out here. Woo-hoo, we might get on it, buddy.   I got there's something else besides what I'm throwing.  Like, these are good ones too. Yeah, they're big. So this is what we're doing, Adam, is you know this already, but all the water's flooding out. So this fish probably wasn't there when I caught that one. He probably just rolled up. And these fish are good ones, bro. We might put in a bag real quick. Yeah, you're already on the way. Got two big boys in there. Decent boys. Ogichi River, those are prime biggings. All right, Adam, we about to put in work, dude.   I was like thinking about it, and I was like, I caught that one, so I was like, man. I think they just want to move and bait. I never throw a spinner bait much here. I don't really. You might start after today. If there was big schools coming through, we would know. I think it's like just a little bit out of time right now, but they're bigger. All right, Adam, I think we should, we're going to go hit this other start real quick. We'll come back to this. We don't have much time to do all that. It could be worth it, dude. We're going to leave this out. We're not high enough. Yeah, the sun is high. It's five o' five right now, but I think we might have till six instead of 5.30. I feel like it's been getting darker a little later. Yeah, it is right there, right there. See where I just casted? Yeah. Come on.  This water's coming out fast. All right, guys. We did not get a dang bite in the spot, which is odd, but I need to go ahead and head out of this spot. We're going to head back to where we were before just because we could get stuck in the spot. There's a big sandbar. I don't want to get stuck in here. Well, that's the thing that we need today. All right, y'all. Cold, windy daylight is about to be bye-bye. We're going to try our best here. We just came back to the spot where I'd caught. There's two good ones, and it's actually looking really good. So I'll see if we're going to get back on them right here. Hopefully something will happen instantly. Can catch you a tree fish. Yeah, that's fine. You need to before the sun gets below the trees. I got one. You got one. Yeah, a good one, too. Really? Yeah. Want me to get the net? I'm going to break off some wood. Digging them?  He's fighting like crazy. Oh, he's not even that good.  I thought he was way bigger than that, though.  Uh-oh. Got my first fish. Thought it was a big one, but it wasn't. It was just this. Whatever, hey, it's still a nice healthy one. I mean, he's chunky. Not bad. Beautiful green colors on him, too. Nice helicopter. Shh. Hey. Look at my fish. They just honked their horn at us real quick. Hong Kong. All right, well, eight. Oh, I know you hooked the tree. You thought you had a Megasaurus, didn't you? All right, I'll let you make the decision.  My last good color, just letting you know.  Nah, you can break it off, dude, I don't think. I'm going to be quite honest with you. I usually break everything off. I hook up here just because I don't want to ruin it if there's fish there. Well, A-dub just caught his first fish of the day. So we've had three so far out here. Not the best, but not bad, man. I'm just, we adjusted. So I'm just happy that we've worked through all this. The weather has not been the nice to see. There's been really chilly and windy and nasty. So we're making it work. I just would like to hopefully stumble upon some more real quick before it gets dark because the sun's coming down. All right, y'all, we just took a quick picture of these fish. I'm going to release them back. This is the spot that I caught them in. Those are some good, Gichi bass, man. Not bad at all. Those are some freaking nice ones. This one's definitely bigger, so hefty one. This one's fatter. But there's some nice fish on that spinner bait. We'll get them back in the water real quick. There's some decent ones. All right, we're not done, though. We're going to throw a few more casts and see if we can hook it into one more. On this bank, there's sometimes a good one. Sometimes. That doesn't happen often. What is that? Oh, it's a beaver. Oh, look at that thing. That freaks me out. That low key spooked me, bro. I thought it was like a 10 pounder. In my head, I was like, cast, dude. Like, throw at it. But it was just a beaver. It's about to be fished. I watched the boil on it. The first cast, I threw it back in there, and ch-ch-ch- and that's almost... Yeah. I got one. No, I don't. What? Boat flip, baby. Let's go.  Dude, I don't know. I just caught this one there right there. You ever caught one there? I mean, it's not something I could really throw at, though. It's going to be a little chilly, bro.


This idea of basic income or an unconditional basic income from both an anti-capitalist perspective but also an anti-stateist perspective, and that's why I call it a pluriversal basic income because it's the idea of giving everybody an unconditional amount of money to live but without the borders of the nation state or outside or beyond them, really. It's also an attempt at trying to rethink or transform what money is and how we conceive money and how we use it because money is nothing but a set of promises that we make to one another. It's sort of an IOU. So, yeah, today's talk is a bit about how do we go about challenging really one of the core elements of the system but also taboo really in society in general and specifically also in the left or whatever is left of the left. Topics of money are often relegated to a domain of just saying, oh, money is evil so we should just not talk about it and we shouldn't do anything about it. It's just bad and we have to deal with it. But at the end of the day, the reality of wage labor, the fact that we need to work for money in order to survive is still there and it's also like it's really a colonizing principle in the sense that you have to rent yourself, you have to rent your work, your body to somebody in order to get a couple of tokens of value of paper or even digital money nowadays so you can pay for the bread that you live on. So the idea of basic income is this really emancipatory proposal of saying what if everybody had enough money to live? What if everybody had a basic amount of money that they could choose what to do with? So without a bureaucrat telling them what to do about it or to prove to them that they're X, Y or Z if they're a specific gender or a specific class of income and so on and so forth. So the proposal of a basic income is quite an important one and especially nowadays that we're living in this in terms of crisis, economic crisis, affective crisis, health crisis, people in the streets are lacking more and more cash because of lack of economic activity, many businesses are closing down, governments in some countries are more richer ones of course are giving some aid, some handouts to people, but in many parts of the world this is impossible so people have to figure out what to do in order to keep things running, the solidarity, create circuits of solidarity or ways in which to keep well circulating. So again just for the sake of definition a basic income is usually defined by the earth network of basic income as the unconditional amount of money or unconditional cash transfer that is given to all or all individuals or all people in a given political community. So it's not given to the head of the household or to the mother but it's given to also the children, the mother, the father and everybody in society basically. Then there's also the question of the way in which that money will come about. Oftentimes this is one of the big questions that people always debate about basic income is like, but where will the money come from? This question, where will the money come from is a really, really interesting question in general because it really challenges us the notions of what money is and where actually it comes from. So today as most of you may know already money is actually produced by banks, mostly private banks, but also of course state money, central banks when they give you a loan or when they issue a debt to you. So from the perspective of banks they issue money outwards as a debt and then you get it as something that then you have to pay back eventually. So the way it works is in like some sort of expansionary way where like the central government or the central bank gives money, issues money into being with a specific interest rate that has to be paid back at two banks, two private banks, which then issue credit to businesses, to people, to institutions in order to make the economy run as they say. So the whole even notion of things that we take for granted like economic growth, GDP, growth domestic part of all these concepts are actually rooted in money. So like the way that we think nations today or imagine them to sort of grow their economic output is really just by looking at the change in the interest rate year per year that the money had to return over. So when the central bank says we want to grow by 3%, that's basically the rate at which countries more or less grow. So it's really a statistical fiction that has real, real ecological and economic consequences on people because when money is issued at an interest that a positive interest as a form of debt with an interest, then you're basically saying that the resources of other people or more people will have to be used in order to pay back this debt.  And I tell him, you have to pay me 200,000 back. Where will that other 100,000 come from? It comes from other people's debts. It comes from other people's money. So you essentially have a system that is designed as a vacuum cleaner as a pyramid for the purposes of extracting value from the central state that also taxes people, but also issues money into biennium and then taxes it away to then the private banks that put money in orbit, so to speak. That's my friend, Brett Skolak, to call it. And then people basically have to give it back so the extraction of value happens in all aspects of society and then we're always scrambling about where to get money. So structurally, we are always competing against each other even if we don't want to for a money that is made scarce. Money is evil in the sense that it is produced by the nation state institutions of today and capitalism as a system where this money lives somehow. So, okay, so having said that, where will the money for basic income come from? So when most people, more serious people talk about proposals or making a basic income happen, usually they point to this idea of sovereign wealth fund.    And then they say, okay, we shouldn't just sell it. We should make an industry and then sell this oil. But then we can also, from the process of that, invest in other industries and then create more investment and buy stocks in companies and then the returns of that investment will go to people back as a basic income. So effectively today Norway has a sovereign wealth fund which would basically make all the regions a millionaire. The fact that everybody would get a million dollars if the money of that fund would be distributed equally by the people of Norway. Of course it's not, but it's based on the logic of a capital investment. So I invested in an industry and then the dividends of that will not go to capitalists, but it will go to people, which is like in today's terms where inequality is so horrible. It is a progressive proposal if we're talking about the nation state logic as a whole, in the sense that it wants to be distributed money from one money that is invested in some industry. In this case it was oil or whatever other investment the bureaucrats want to invest on and then give it to people. Now there is another way in which people want to or at least propose to fund a basic income. And it's basically through taxation. So it's basically this imagination of like let's take money from the rich and then give it to everybody. With a basic income, with a universal basic income, it will be really to all society, right? So the net amount that people will be taxed will depend on the level of wealth and then some people will actually get a net benefit out of that taxation. Or some people will get a negative benefit if they're really rich for example, because they already have 100,000 times of basic income, right? So rich people, yes, effectively they already have many times of basic income they do not need one with the idea of giving it to everybody. It's really a social ritual in a way of trying to equalize everybody to say that this is all a common pool. Now the logic of taxation, well, you know, nice in many ways, it's also kind of like it lacks a real critical understanding of actually what taxation even is. And it's role and purpose in society. So this leads me to the third way in which some proposals have come up not so much actually on how to actually finance the basic income, which is through this notion of sovereign money. For this idea that actually governments, as I was saying before, they issue money into being and then they take it away through various means like taxation. So taxation is actually not a way of redistributing wealth, so to speak, it's more a mechanism to control and manage the money, mechanisms, the money supply. So when a government issues money, they want to tax away so much so they can make sure that the amount of power basically that is distributed in the economy can remain stable in some sort of way or directed in certain forms. So some people argue that governments want to balance out the amounts of goods and stuff that is circulating the wealth that is circulating with the amount of money. And in practice I would argue that capital is power. It is a form of organized power. And so when you look at financial markets going up, and you like draw also a line of wages, you can see the index of power being that the more financial markets go up, the more money they make. They make it from somewhere and they make it usually from people's wages. So the lower the wages historically have been, the higher the financial markets have been as it's happening today during the corona crisis. So there is effectively stealing of wealth, if you may, by this process of monetary creation, either by central governments or private banks. But just back to my point, this idea of sovereign money would mean that government could issue money into being as a basic income without a debt, without a positive interest on it, with zero interest, or even negative if you want to be really radical, and then tax it away as they see fit. Now this proposal is actually underpinned by a theory called MMT or Modern Monetary Theory, which is used nowadays in the discourse of the left, the political left mostly in the US. There are also elements of that in Europe, where the Green New Deal is sort of proposed as this mechanism whereby we will invest in jobs, in green jobs, in green industries, and all of that will be done through this mechanism of monetary creation, sovereign money, or MMT. They're made into some sort of strawman by both the left and the right wing, the people that do MMT, but actually their understanding of money is actually quite accurate from a historical and anthropological point of view, because it follows from the logic, which is an ancient logic that states have done for thousands of years, which is, we call it the anthropologist, we call it the military coin-nach slavery complex. So it's basically a king hiring an army in order to enslave a population, a citizens by two days times, and then tax them with the coin of their making for having been slayed. So basically the process of monetary creation and monetary destruction is really just a way in which a sovereign encapsulates the territory, makes it their own, and then starts like, yeah, basically colonizing people's surplus value and their labor by the means of violence and taxation. So by paying their bureaucrats with weapons, and no weapons to do that, right? So the whole government apparatus works in this way, in this military coin-nach slavery complex, and this logic still goes until today, and the modern monetary people know this, like they know that money is underpinned by violence, regardless if you want to make a green new deal or whatever. It's still underpinned by this imperialist machine that today is the military industry complex. So yeah, so to me, when I came to this idea of thinking about basic income, I was thinking, okay, how can we make a basic income happen right now? How can we claim the right to do a basic income by sort of hacking money, by hacking the way that it is made, and also, yeah, what we can do with it somehow. So by taking this principle of monetary creation, like you have also a history of complementary currencies, community currencies, alternative currencies that have tried to not do a basic income, but to give people in local communities, especially in times of crisis, a means in which they can exchange the resources. So communities come together and they say we want to like manage our risk together, so we're going to do a community credit to then exchange positive and negative credits with each other according to, you know, what we give to another. So I can give this mask to Baolo, for example, for, I don't know, 20 pots, and then he can then use those 20 pots to buy food at the store because the store owner accepts this, he's part of the community and he accepts it, right. These sort of systems have existed also for tons of years, as the democratic tradition that I refer from the Kurdish movement or the internationalist movement in Kurdistan was talking about, they're normally referred to as mutual credit. Mutual credit actually has a very interesting history, with even the likes of Proudhon, this French anarchist, giving proposals as a way of sort of reforming money in his time during the party's commune and so on. So what you're saying, let's, let's deal away with the state by just issuing the social credit or social money system, social mutual credit money system, which actually today has become a Chinese dystopia, right. Everybody has heard of the social credit systems in China, how they will be used to survey people even more. Now, this doesn't mean that the systems have to be used by state mechanisms, they can also be used by people democratically in order to actually create something like a currency for the commons. And so this leads me to this idea of a non-state basic income or a basic income beyond the nation state, a pluriverse of different social relations of different forms of organizing autonomy, autonomous zones, federated in many ways into some sort of democratic confederalism, as our friend was talking about here, or in many different forms like it could be, you know, cyber feminist monies or autonomous monies, but the point of it is to actually claim the wealth. So this is in practice right now, we started a project in October called Circles UPI, which is basically trying to do just that, basically issuing money to people who join the system unconditionally every day. And then the actual work is about, okay, what can I do with this, right? So initially it's interesting because we want it to be a basic income, but it's more like basic pocket money. So when people join, there are a couple of things you can do with it. And then people spend it at the Shpeti here, the local shop for a coffee or for whatever can be sourced from within the network, right? But more than the money itself, this is a tool that people can use to then actually claim wealth or communalize or make commons of wealth in their area. So then people can say, hey, we want to use this to pay our rent or to even take over territories, like actually use it as a way of using it in specific pieces of land, buy food with it, support the local agriculture, we can then use this for the raw materials and also basically to relocalize and really regionalize the economy from the bottom up. So the idea of this sort of pluriversal basic income is really to make money at commons or a credit commons, whatever you want to call it. But basically this idea of the money commons is to say, what if we just took away the private property in money itself and just use it as what it is, which is a promise, a promise to pay for something that you need. And in practice, if we actually were to do that and we were actually say, hey, let's give to each other the things that we need to live in this life. It would mean that you could have effectively radically democratic way in which people can claim wealth from places and then bring it into this sort of commons as a way of living and then managing it together. So it's really a way of challenging this sort of top down monetary state infrastructure systems and use the principles of direct democracy and democratization as a way of achieving this bottom up basic income or really economic democracy. Because what it is is really connecting producers and distributors and coordinating between them in a way where people are no longer alienated from the means of production, but actually can connect with the local people in their areas and see who is doing what, who is producing what. Everybody can take part in this in a democratic cooperative way. So the idea of the money commons is basically underneath it is really an ethos and an idea of care or an ecology of trying to build an ecology of caring relations where we are actually caring for each other around us, making sure that nobody, you know, everybody has this basic livelihood in order to meet their basic needs, but also taking care of the relations with the earth right so it's local economies, the building of local economies that is more territorialized and that can then also be federated because of course not all communities can produce everything, right. We live in a deeply deeply interdependent way of life and we need money systems that can reflect that. So with circles it's a first attempt, it's a first experiment trying to challenge the political imagination of what is possible by adding a territory of defense as we were saying before with the cyber girls, not just the body territory, the land territory, but also the money territory. So to think of money as a territory of defense and to really claim power, because capital is power, but give it to the people and say that we can create a people powered money. That is not backed by the violence of the state or private banks, but by the relationships that are built between people in different from some ways and they can be contested democratically also. So democratize money itself would mean and a beginning of an end of capitalism, I would argue, because it would mean that people could decide where and how is money issued and for what purposes. So if somebody is doing some asshole thing down the line, that could be stopped because the money as a territory, and people say no, we don't want that it doesn't flow with our values so it's really about allowing people to create other monies with other values that escape the cosmology of capitalism or break with the cosmology of capitalism and actually allow the diversity and interdependence of the planet to flourish. I think I will end here. Yeah. Can I ask a question? Yeah. Thank you for that talk because I have a hard time getting my head around economy. Yeah. I've always lately I've been thinking a lot about livelihood factor, you know, like I'm living in a city that basically I'm, I'm forced in the regime of this capitalist euro currency dollar currency, whichever currency is the nation states that are, you know, able to maintain their regime of this currency that functions for a lot of things like. So, I'm excited about the, the, the UBI circles experiment. And then I'm, I'm imagining that it's so hard to escape the regime that I'm in, you know, I do have to pay a landlord, for example, and it's like a time factor almost dominates like I know I have to put so much time into trying to make some, some hard currency for this.  Yeah, yeah, yeah. And somehow I'm wondering, okay, there was this example of DNA Ringelman was the founder after before kickstarted and her concept around, you know, doing fundraising online now that everybody was so connected online. Oh, I want to try to democratize capital was her phrase. Okay. And so like, I have a project. I'm going to ask $5,000 to make my next music album. And for a lot of people this there was a period where this was really working and people you get enough of your fans, you get people to, to, to pitch in and you raise that money and then you could go to work without having to, you know, go find a label to sponsor you and give you that capital. You could make it DIY. And I'm wondering with the with the UBI, if there's some kind of or the thing on the alternative currency in in some kind of, you know, subversive dance with with the reading of the economy regime that we're forced to play. If there can be some kind of interplay with these economies, you know, like I, who I have, I have a lot of circles this month I haven't used for the, you know, my food space here, whatever. But I have a friend who is in trouble paying her rent. And I, you know, somehow fleshed out, but like, can I somehow subsidize this person for that month to help her out or you can group the community and say, Oh, we will help you in that other currency until you can pay back the community of circles.