Welcom y toffi TV er is the match preview, Everton vs Brighton at Goodersham Park, the first game of 2023, as it was the first game of 2022, and I hope it's not the same result as a year ago, but it's young fresh from the Etihad at the weekend where you saw everything get a very, very good point. A well deserved point. Well deserved. For the batland display it certainly was a well deserved point. It's all part of the game. It is. It's all part of, you know, can you keep out the best team? Well one of the best teams in the world, yes we could. How are you feeling going into this one? Because I've seen a lot of things thrown around, there's must win. Is this a must win in your opinion? All games are must win really, aren't they? Particularly at home. But the season won't be defined by that game. The fans' reaction to it could be defined, particularly on Friday we play Man United. And again, I'm not an advocate of free hits, because free hits almost says it doesn't matter what the outcome is. But I could easily see us getting a good result, which means winning at home, and then give Man United a really hard time on the Friday. You win both of those. It was a different season, wasn't it? So let's see. More hope than anything else. I went the Etihad like 2,999, whatever it was, other Everton fans. By the way, lots of youngsters there, which was good. Maybe that was adults not turning up because it's New Year's Eve. But youngsters as in the mid to late teams. And so the future looks sound, and they ended up, well, I took my great nephew, Josh, he was sad there, wasn't he? And he was looking forward to it and obviously then enjoyed it. But yeah, I mean, that's the sort of performance we turn up every now and again. Perhaps more often than it should be, just against the so-called bigger or better teams. And we just need to find that energy again tomorrow night. I think we'll be all right. Yeah, I mean, it will be a tough game. I watched a lot of the Brighton Arsenal game after our game at the weekend. And even though Arsenal ended up winning 4-2, Brighton had a goal ruled out by VAR, but they took it to 4-3 in the last minute of the show. Arsenal had to be on the middle, certainly to hang on. Really good football team Brighton, they've obviously been building. Listen, since they changed out Chris Huthon, when Eve was doing all right, I suppose, if you looked at it from the next day and they go, well, don't spend a lot of money and you've just got this fella who tries to keep them up. They wanted to be better and more progressive and they brought in Graham Potter from deep gone on and on. I think Graham Babers, the CEO there, has done really well and they're a good club moving in the right direction every year seem to be improving. If they could get a goal scorer. They wouldn't have got a huge amount of physical challenge from Arsenal, would they? You know Arsenal do you mix it a little bit? They do? But Arsenal are football side as well. For them, this will be a different challenge. A challenge, yeah, absolutely. But they won, like I said, they won a goodness in last season. We need to make it our game. Well, the previous four home games that we'd had against them since they come back up, haven't won all of them. That's right. You know, it was their first win in that. I think it was something like nine since they'd won an evidence or something over the years. The agents was in charge then, don't they? So I think the problem for evidence would be going into this one. It'll be another case of playing against a side who a team who's really good on the ball. Good movement. If you'd like to dominate the ball, you've got good movement. You've got players like Troshard who's a lovely little footballer. You've got really good movements all over the pitch. Exciting, younger players. And it's a big challenge. And the other big challenge is Everton have lost their first league game in the calendar year for the last five years. Is it that many? I knew it was five in a row. Whereas we had unbeaten on New Year's Eve for seven years, we've lost the first. Well, let's break that then. Let's break that, you know, and make McAllister think he's still on the pot, I suppose. Well, yeah. I mean, going into this one, obviously Everton went through a back five at the Etihad at the weekend Ben Goffrey joining Connor Cody and Tarkovsky at the back. Cody was obviously back for the first time. This is the side that lined up at the Etihad at the weekend Cody, Goffrey, Tarkovsky at the back, Patterson, Michalenko.  So one change then, yeah.  But in possession and certainly trying to get the outboard to Dom. One change then? Well, obviously O'n Arne is the fourth and fourth change, isn't it? He's suspended for this one. So it'll be interesting to see Franklin Bargo's really, because obviously Tom Davis came on at the weekend. Oby, I think he had one pass in the 25 minutes he was on, but he was doing almost a man-to-man job, if you like, on the brun. The corey. It's warm up isn't going to help you. It's warm up. I wouldn't have felt them at the weekend. You still came on? Who I think was in obviously flangol on part, looked at him on the bench and things maybe. O, the man that you might throw a total surprise in, I doubt it. But young guys at price, he's really, really well in Australia and has done well for the 21s. He's an energetic midfield player, but I can't really see Franklin to that. I think it'll be Davis or the corey, he'll make up that other place. Who'd you go with? The corey. I'll tell you why I'll go with the corey. That's good. One of us will be right. Exactly one of us should be right. Just because I think he gets it on the pitch better and he's a bigger fella. I think John Davis is fine coming on and doing specific jobs. But I personally will go with the corey. The problem isn't the lavish garn is going to have to play in the six, isn't he? So therefore you want movement in front of him and the corey will do that. Now the corey started the season quite well in the double pivot with the corey. If you remember him and the corey was centre mid. The corey was quite give a penalty away day one, but in general did all right. It's where his head is. So it's dooby. It's where his head is isn't it? Both him and Davis are where the heads are. Exactly, both are out of contract. So I know the corey's got an option, both are out of contract. So you go with Davis was it? I would yeah. I don't know why, but I would. Probably as in a not to corey sort of thing. I think clearly he would have to start well and be really difficult for the manager of ease. A bit lack of days ago and off the pace a little bit. Because people will remember him sitting on the ball and twirling his thumbs. And Tom's energetic got a good engine and stuff like that. I think the corey's quicker though isn't he? I think for Brighton's movement I think we need people who can gather that. Brighton don't jump out at me as a physically large team. Maybe I'm wrong, I don't much enough. People like Cassie, they're massively big but they're energetic. So then you're into mobility then? Mobility in the corey's more mobile than Tom. Tom might use the ball better than the corey. I don't know, the manager might go actually, I'll do what Carl Amantillotti did, which is put Davis in the sixth. That's where I was going. He might go a double and go gone and Davis next week or the other and maybe make them feel three more of a triangle this time where it will be is the one who does break forward. You can see those two, one or other being the first change anyway. The big disappointment I am at him for the manager is James Garn. There's not fifth this would have been the chance of dropping. But like I said, Isaac Price was on the bench at the weekend. I know because my jeans injury. It's a bold decision to put him in. It would be to throw him in but we've seen other clubs do. But listen, I hope he leaves everything else as it is because I off-dorm the three and then ask our fullbacks to push on. I think it's one change isn't it? I think it's one change. There's a lot of noise about Frank Lampard. In some respects it's justified. A bit of criticism of different things. Is it a must win for him as a manager? I know you said before every games a must win and I get that. But at some stage we've won three games of football so far this season. I've gone into three in four home games and the three were Wolves Brighton and Southampton. And then we have a bad run and we've got big games again. A lot of people will have looked at those three games and gone. We need seven out of these next four games. The away game being obviously Man City and we've ended up grabbing a point out of that. Now we can almost get back on to that forecast by winning the next two home games. All being Brighton are a very good sign but they're not Man City. So we have to hope that the crowd will be with us. But for you, you're looking at a manager that we've had 17 league games and we've won three of them. It's difficult isn't it? It depends if you're against the manager's fault. This is what I was edging towards. I was going at what stage. I always look at the players first and go we've had this many managers and we haven't done very well. At some stage it can't all be the fellow in the workout board. It's an interesting one because hopefully we no longer have a trick happy owner. I think we sat on the sofa the other way around or maybe it was on your newsdesk thing and said don't touch the manager till mid-feb. I think that was your idea. My arm is the end of the hand but yeah. When the window is closed. So whoever does come and if they do come in says that's what you're going to go with. None of this. Let's splurge a load of cash on players that never play and just burn through it. I just think that to some degree for me anyway. I've seen enough of us performing to know if they do what the manager wants then we get results. Now your question then becomes why can't he get it out of them every single game. You interviewed him and he said don't tell them not to shoot. I don't tell them to drop their energy levels. And both those things are the things that make a difference. All right let me just interject just very quickly there. Is that a worry? I had this conversation with my dad at the weekend when we were watching the city game. And he said at half time is what I'm going. I like Lampard, I do. And I think he's got good coaching staff around him. But if I'm the owner and I'm looking at it and Frank Lampard says to me I tell these to shoot every opportunity they get. And we've walked off a pitch at the Etihad. With no shots or what? And we've had another single shot in 45 minutes. Then why can't... If you're the manager that'd be the... Why aren't they doing what you're telling them to do then? Because off the weekend in the first half Everton had four or five opportunities to shoot in the first half and ended up just passionately wired. I'm just being devil's advocate. You're right to be devil's advocate really. I mean perhaps I counter with one of the things I said just before half time to people around me like my great nephew and Mrs and what have you. Which is A, a bit like Ped said on one of your shows just before while I was listening about let's get to half time and just be the one goal. And I said the problem is Pep will get into their heads at half time. Right? Because footballers seem to have the attention span of a nat. Goldfish often. And the other thing is you talked when you were doing that thing with Ped and if you're not seeing it you should it's quite good. A bit long but quite good. Always got a final way. There's now managers. Arthetta is a good example. Pep does it. A constantly coaching from the touch line. So Pep Guardiola and Arthetta were far better squads than us. Know that their players need to have it reaffirmed to them over and over again during the play. What are they supposed to be doing? Then perhaps we should be doing that now. That's not in France DNA. Then send Cole up to do it. Or just keep in. Whatever. But I do think that that is a conundrum. Because again, my metric has always been is this manager getting the most out of this squad? And it's very simple because it's a binary question. Yes or no? Me? No. That becomes a trigger point. Do I change the manager then? Because the subsequent to that is, who do I get? Who I'm confident will get. Will get more. With a trigger happy owner, we end up with an aladise. And we'll never ever know whether he did something over half a dozen games. I kept us up the other year. Or whether the manager had already turned it round and it would have been the same outcome. But as far as the owner was concerned, he got what he needed. We stayed in the league. And then we bin him and we get somebody else. We all know what happened there. So I think some of it is showing you nerve. You know, it's... I think Dave Witch was talking on a podcast and he said something like, for him, he almost doesn't care how the manager's doing what we need is continuity. And I think there's a behavioural psychological thing around that as well. Because these players need to know that the manager's going to outlive them. Because it's dead easy. I'm not saying they're downing tools, but maybe some of them do. Or not listening enough is because the manager will go to reset and start again. And we've had like seven resets in seven years or something. So I think it's important that if they are going to change this manager out, it is an absolute last resort. And therefore in that context, both the manager and the players almost need to keep doing enough for that not to happen. What do you say to people then who would say, that's fine. We'll look at it. We'll get behind them. But if results don't change in the next few weeks and we leave it. Sorry, let me rephrase it. It's great having continuity. But what if you leave the wrong person in the job too long? Because I see that when I've almost said, let's give them a bit more tools at the top of the pitch then we can properly look and go. Right, where's your excuse now then? We can all say, we know the recruitment team made errors in the summit by not buying someone similar to Dominic Calvert-Lewin. If that's the way we're playing and our manager is sat in a position to say we can't go long because we've got Neil Mowlite. Then why do you buy someone we can go long for? Why don't you play someone you can go long with?   There's excuses and there's reasons. And I think that this last but one or maybe the last one, pre-match the manager moved from reasons to excuses. It's almost like I'm just going to keep saying we haven't got Dominic there for that's why we're struggling. He's back now. Let's hope he stays that way. And you talk about the recruitment team failed in the summer. Not the board, not the director of football, not the owner, not the manager, all of them. So I'm asking myself because you're asking me who in the club is saying to the manager, for example, why aren't you getting the best out of this squad? Because you're not. So how can we help you get the best out of this squad? And I say it a lot and keep boring people to death with it. That and you've heard this as well. It's a bit acute so it's not binary, it's not real in black and white terms but people don't fail, businesses do. So we can't load it all on a single individual called the manager. Unless we let the manager make decisions which we as business people or observers or whatever think are blindly, clearly wrong. So we need to help the manager to perform to his best ability because he isn't. So that he can get the players to perform to their best ability. Because if you can get in, for example, Antony Gordon's head comes out a thousand miles an hour, puts all the effort in, closes people down, does this, does that, does the other and he goes off the field at the end of the game and you go oh thank God he's back on it. And then the next game he's looking at me, I swan around, I'm good too good. So it's how you retain.  We've just said don't change the team. Antony needs to know he has to earn his place but so do the others.  Why they're not ringing Premier League footballers up and saying on your way, you might say that's wet nurse but since you do that right from the academy through they make sure people get there. But anyway the point being it's a difficult one just like you don't necessarily get the players you want in January very much doubt you get the managers either. And it just does a give a let to everyone and it's almost an abstract observation but it gives the board a let as well we've stacked the manager it was his fault and you can just revisit program notes perfect manager totally fits our profile stick with him then because we get relegated it won't just be the manager's fault the board won't it literally the board the club's fault I've been giving the free pass as far as I'm concerned in this last year they've been giving this review, internal review strategic review we don't know what it says so we've not seen it well no but we saw program notes the other day about how fantastic everything isn't it we lose the home game against the team we've heard a lot of nonsense from the board we have in my opinion because I want to see more change but what I would say this is just a bottom up we're going to do something more on that but 12 months ago and the CEO Thomas wrote this actually in the echo he did make a good point he did make a good point he was like if Everton Everton if they are going to change the manager need to know exactly who they're getting and how quick they can get them in because last January we changed the manager and rightly so shouldn't have been the manager in the first place but they changed the manager and they let it dwindle for two and a half weeks in a transfer window at a time when we need the players we needed someone to come in and go we need this, we need this, we need this and we let it drift we didn't even allow at the time Duncan Ferguson to go listen this squad needs this and this even if he wasn't going to stage the manager he was there as the caretaker so Everton did turn round and went like you know what Mishiri I'm going to have to sack him the result aren't good enough we've given what we can blah blah blah we have to have we're going to John then if we're sack him Frank Llanpard we're taking John Blane and be ready to go because one thing Everton can't do because this year they wouldn't get away with it it's drift at this time of the year so it's almost like well let's give the manager then all the tools what's happening? Everton don't score enough goals and create chances we have to get the strike in it we have to get a winger in it for me we have to get another Miffio player in it if he won we've got really Alexa Wolby and if he ain't on it like he wasn't against Wolves city has to do with his job exactly and city was a different thing and for this game a lot of people would be looking at Alexa Wolby to try and carve them over but if Alexa Wolby is just have on one and you go you look over to the bench he was coming off that he was coming into my field from there I think for me Everton as far as I'm concerned we should have been the ones to have a player by the tree like the other lot did we should have had that done I don't know why we haven't but Everton have known the minute Dominic Ardillun got injured and when that window shut on September 1 Everton have known they needed another forward play and we're now in January we knew last May yeah well of course we followed this again it's when reasons cross over into excuses we've had a 5-6 week break ok maybe World Cup mess about with stuff in our ways but it doesn't matter but we must the director of football must have known who he wanted to get got to what we need and who to get we must have been talking to them throughout that window bit like finalising with a plan that with a plan that as soon as the window opens we're good to go maybe we'll get stunned and lunchtime tomorrow we'll announce a player but I shall now be breath because if we've had all that time which is almost like having another summer prep isn't it and we're not hearing the right things from the selling club or the player and surely we go to the next one that's what you'd think wouldn't you bringing Sims back isn't going to plan sort of thing isn't it but I mean they can't exercise that until the window opens anyway so he's come back and it makes sense to do that but the facts of life are you just said the owner rings up and says I'm going to sack him Thelwall should say thanks very much for that you can take my resignation while you're at it because if Kevin Thelwall hasn't come here saying I make these decisions you can overrule if you like that's fine because you own the bloody thing but you don't initiate it so what we should be expecting to happen and I have next to know real confidence that it happens in the way I think it should but it might be happening but not necessarily in my way if you like is questions are being asked discussions are being had scenarios are being run and they've made a decision now if they've made a decision which is the decision you made on the sofa a while back that says if I simplify it wait till the windows close and then decide so that any inbound person knows what the crack is you also gave logically those three home games to the current manager and maybe what you're really saying is that you should have that then had been him but you've still got like you say you've got to have somebody else to come in but that's it it's not necessarily a blind faith in in franklin you should never have blind faith in anyone and go why are you protecting them whatever it's not a case of protecting either it's a case of looking at the whole situation and going are the players still with them which seems like they are because we've got nothing in the final third true now don't come back at the weekend and all of a sudden look at more of a threat for me we're still not cheap enough is that perception a reality? I don't know probably perception because a look and think we've got somebody who can run and can jump don't make a run and a guy's got a wonder girl but they were there you've got three home games against those three teams I expect a couple of wins in them because I think everyone would be perfectly within the remit to turn on and go is this fella actually good enough for our football club but what I'm trying to say is he wasn't good enough today he became the manager was he what I'm saying is for me the big thing for me is trying to give him the tools so that you're removing those question marks unfortunately haven't done that for him so if the window closes and we haven't got the three players you can't attack him no no what I'm saying is still not doing getting the boost from what he's got that's what I'm saying this is what we started 15 minutes ago we point saying he's got to start getting some results hasn't he because it doesn't matter where I can sit there and go I feel a bit sorry for the manager because he hasn't got this striker or that striker but games are going by games are flying by we've got 17 and we've won three which is my question same but different is he getting most from the squad and if the answers know why not and I actually agree with you we need to give the manager something to turn that around but it doesn't necessarily have to be in my world new player great if we get them because we need to understand why if he hasn't lost them why is he not getting the most out of them consistently right and we had it Anthony Gordon was sick but if he'd started at City he'd have performed because he wants to show off on that stage you've got to try and get into his psyche as a lad of his age and say a bit like you did with Lewis look how old he is lad and he's doing it this almost isn't good enough Mr Royce's phrase almost isn't good enough so they need some degree of consistency and they need to perform to the best of their abilities and part of their abilities is being tight is being aggressive is being high energy and all that good stuff and you just have little smatterings of quality you win games in this league and in Damari Grey you can have a smattering of quality in a Wobie you can have the same and that's what we need to do the manager if he thinks I'm Frank Lampard and I want to play beautiful football that's going to get him the sack really that's a when not if but reality is they need to be together and if the club had the confidence because the petrified are all slot if they had the confidence tell us what's going on I don't make great confidences but say we know what we need we're working on it it ain't going to happen before just because it's not and we don't go huff and puff but there's lots of buyers for people who can score goals like the bottom half of the premier league and some of those will have deeper pockets and some of them won't some of them will be more attractive simply because of where they are geographically and so on and you'll end up with silly prices for the average players and that's when it really gets scary because then you start saying stick with what we've got well see it's like I'm optimistic for tomorrow anyway no listen it'll be a dare a really good start and I think but there a team I give you opportunity and it's up to Evan to take them the whole thing is we need results no manager whether you like him or dislike him the manager can calm the noise by winning football that's what he has to do we'll just have a very quick look it's a bit of a danger man who we've picked out probably surprising but it is Trossard he has played 16 games and got 7 goals 2 assists average is 2.4 shots which is more than what Evan had at Man City at the weekend but that's an anomaly it's also more than Harland had here but he is a really good player Trossard and they had the kind of players you'd like to see in a blue shade and those ones so Evan will have to be on their guard with him this is a much longer match preview than I anticipated so we're going to finish it there so let us know what you think in the comments section below what score are you going for what does the manager need to do in your opinion to win games obviously to calm the noise down let us know subscribe if you haven't skipped the video thumbs up big thanks to John if you want to become a toffy tv premier see you all cold at the end of the screen now see you later take care


My name is Peter Adler. I'm a planner, a mediator, an arbitrator. I'm also a member of ThinkTech's board of directors. And for the last several months, I've been doing a long reconnaissance on one of the biggest issues coming up for all of us. I personally haven't decided which way I will vote, but I'm committed to understanding the question and helping educate everybody. And this is special three-part ThinkTech series, it's called Hawaii's Big Choice Should We Have a New Constitutional Convention. That question along with the second one regarding special property taxes to fund education will be on the ballot when we vote on November 6. Today's series deals with the first question. Thus far we have had three constitutional conventions. The first was in 1959 when we were required to have one to become a state. The second was in 1968, and the third was in 1978. 68 and 78 produce very important amendments and revisions. Since then, 40 years have gone by and we haven't really revisited the Constitution in the Citizens' Convention. Should we? Is it time? If con-cons are a mirror of the times, are there new challenges and problems that a con-con should take up? Does it warrant a con-con? That is what you will decide when you cast your ballot on November 6. In these three half-hour segments, we will take up a lot of different aspects of all this. Earlier today in the first segment, we explored what is at stake and how a con-con works. In this segment, we're going to take a close look at some of the proposals that might come on the table if voters approve one on November 6. The con-con issue isn't simple and has many different faces and nuances. In fact, it's a little like the proverbial blind men trying to figure out what an elephant is. If there is one big Uber message to all three discussions, it's this. Let's get informed about what kind of elephant we are dealing with, think about the big yes or no choice, and above all, get out the vote and be there on November 6. More on that a little later. To get us started, I have invited two friends and colleagues here to help us think it through, or at least to help me think it through. Colin Moore is a professor of political science at the University of Hawaii and director of the UH Policy Center. He is a regular commentator on electoral matters and has done some important polling, which I hope you'll share a little bit with us later on. Also with us is Kiri Yanone, chief executive officer of communication specific or compact, as most of us know it, which works with many clients in many different segments of the state and helps them think through challenging internal and external strategy issues. Colin, let's start with you. You and Keith Matzen are doing a very unique deliberation and it's also got three parts like this series and you've brought in volunteers from mostly from the neighborhood boards, I believe. Give us a snapshot of what you're doing and your sense of how those folks are fairing and what they're most curious about and interested in. What's on their mind? Sure. So what we're doing is called a citizen's jury. It's gone by a number of different names and this really was pioneered in Oregon. I'm in a few other states. It's called the deliberative poll, but the basic idea is the same. You take a representative sample of citizens, a group of citizens, you give them the chance to hear from experts to really take a deep dive into this issue and then they produce a report about some shared facts, some reasonable pro-arguments, some reasonable con-arguments and so that's what we're in the process of doing. I mean actually tonight, right after the show, the citizens are going to hear from some folks from the pro-camp and some from the con-camp. Are you finding them interested, enthused about talking about this? Well we are. I mean of course these people elected to be part of this process, so they're naturally interested. But I think what's interesting is a lot of them don't really know what to make of it either. I think a lot of them are on the fence and they're really puzzling through this as well because like you suggested, it's really nuanced. It's a very complex matter particularly because there could potentially be so much at stake. Later on if we have time we'll revisit the timeline that goes on. We did that in the first segment. Kitty, you also work across many different aspects of the public, private and civic sector and you're known for that. You're known for brilliant strategy work. What are you hearing about this? Are people interested in the business community, the political community? We just did a grassroots community. We call it soft sounding. We get out and talk to representatives of different demographics and the number one thing that keeps coming up is cost of living. People are just very concerned about that and the ramifications of that. People are worried about things like traffic and other issues. But cost of living tops the charts across every demographic. If it's people that are not personally worried about it, it's that their kids can't come back, their friends are retiring elsewhere, just getting things done here and that comes top of the list all the time. Are you hearing that in the business community? Are you hearing that in the civic sector and nonprofits? People are having a hard time keeping employees. Everybody hires everybody. They can locally, but if that's not enough, they have to recruit and time after time, they'll get someone here and then they just realize it's just too tough or they have a hard time recruiting the employees they need or keeping the employees they need. A lot of our local families are going to the mainland. We've all been to Las Vegas and San Diego and the Pacific Northwest and there's an awful lot of people from Hawaii there. Does the con con question that's going to be on the ballot November 6th come up in that context? It really doesn't. It really doesn't. I don't know that a whole lot of people are paying attention to it, frankly. So there's a disconnect between the issues that are on people's minds and the focus on the constitutional convention. I think there's a sense of, there's a little bit of a sense of apathy. I think, you know, it shows up in our voter turnout. And I think there are some things that are happening at the national level that are, you know, getting people a little more activated. But overall, I think it's just, you know, it's been a long time that these issues have been a problem and people are just like, you know, what do you do? And frustrated. So let's take a look at a few of these pieces in. I want to, we're in a fairly deep blue state on the national scene. And Colin, you're wearing a deep blue shirt. And Kitty, you have a red, this does, we're not going to make any judgments about your power. No, no judgments. And I will never ask you, are you in favor or not in favor? That's not the question. I'm frankly pretty independent and apathetic. So let me ask you, so it's a question to Colin first and then both of you. If we're center left primarily in this state and voters do approve a constitutional convention on the sixth, what are some of the issues that are likely to come on the table once delegates are elected and once the whole thing starts? Well, so first let me jump back to something Kitty said. So through our polling, we found the same thing, that it's these cost of living issues that really frustrate people. Say a little bit about the poll. I think people will be very interested. Sure. So we did a poll of Hawaii this summer right before the election. And one of the questions we asked them was first, what are the issues that most concern you? And housing was absolutely number one. That was the first choice of 27% of our respondents. Education, some of the other, the economy, some of those bread and butter issues were in the top three. The economy, I mean, rather energy, the environment, some things to get a lot of attention, those were really down at the very bottom. The other thing we found is that people have a very low opinion of the legislature. Only 21% of respondents approved of their performance, which meant that the state legislature was 7 percentage points lower than President Trump, who we know isn't a popular figure here in Hawaii. So I think if people vote for this, what they're really voting for is their anger and frustration with the system, not a specific policy. Now the advocates are going to get in there and try to push different policies. I mean, you'll see Native Hawaiian groups, environmental groups, labor groups, they'll all be there to push a specific policy. But for the most part, I think the public is responding to this sense that the system itself is. So you talked about the ones that were rising to the top on your poll, housing, jobs, the economy, the economics, the pocketbook issues, really, basically. Would you predict that some of those issues would end up in some form of proposals or proposed revisions? Are they constitutional? How would you get at them constitutionally? Well, some of those you're not going to be able to get at constitutionally. Housing, it's not clear to me how you're really going to get at that constitutionally. What I think we're going to see are these proposals to change the institutional structure parts of the state. So initiatives and referendum will definitely be on the ballot term limits for state legislators. Those I think will actually be the two that end up attracting the most attention from the general public because they can readily understand them. Maybe devolution of some powers to the counties so they can control more taxation and spending authority. Maybe to break up the Department of Education so you get individual school districts. Those all do get at these concerns about quality of life and cost of living. Kitty, what would you add to that? Again, we're looking at issues that might come from what we're calling center left. And we'll talk about center right in another moment. But anything you'd add to that? I think when you get to education, I think we have this massive centralized school system. It's unlike any other in the nation. The second constitutional, this other constitutional amendment that's on the ballot. I think a lot of people are upset about that. I think a lot of people are upset. It feels like a go-around. Right now, the legislature has full authority to use the general fund to do whatever they want for public education. It's just an example to me that initially, it kind of turned me off the constitutional convention. And then I thought, wait a minute. We didn't have one of those. This all happened in the back rooms of the legislature. It's a blank check, traditionally special funds or replaced general funds, so it might not mean the school system gets any more money. But more than that, it raises the cost of living for everybody in Hawaii. It's just unintended consequences. And we get a lot of that during our current structure. I've never seen a tax that went away. You never see one that goes away? TAT, for example, barrel tax, that kind of stuff. Or it doesn't go for what it's intended. So I'm pretty frustrated myself. I'm hearing that in the business community, too. Pretty frustrated. Well, and I think it's that we have employees. I'm not a huge employer, but I think government thinks that they're the only ones that look out for our employees. Well, that's nonsense. We don't exist without our employees. So we look out for things that's gonna make life worse for our employees as well as their families, our families. And Peter, about this ideological question, center left, center right, clearly the other amendment on the ballot, the education one tracks much closer to those two positions. The con con, interestingly, I think the more extreme ends of the political spectrum are the ones that are most in favor of the con con, which could create some interesting dynamics if it passes the people I've heard from, the most conservative people and the most liberal people, the young progressives tend to be the ones who are the most in favor of this. Do you think having the two ballot initiatives together will be confusing to voters? Will they say, you know, I don't want to vote for either of them? Well, I mean, it's just a speculation. This is just a ball question. We can only hope. I do think that, I mean, if there's not better education on both of them then people will probably either leave the ballot blank, which for a con con effectively counts as a no vote. I think that's likely to happen. I mean, they won't vote for either of them. So one of the things I've heard, and I'd love your views on that, is that people who saw progressive gains in 78 with the Water Commission, the public trust doctrine, the term limits for the LG and for the governor, they're a little more wary these days. Is that tracking with what you're hearing? Well, certainly the older folks who are part of that initial push, I think they're a little more conscious of what could be lost. Actually, the younger groups, the younger representatives from both, in many cases the environmental community and the native Hawaiian community are a little more optimistic about what they might be able to get in a con con. But the real dominant interests in labor, native Hawaiian groups, environmental groups are as far as I know opposed to a con con because they're worried about outside interests taking over and monopolizing the delegate process, pushing undesirable changes to the constitution. And presumably those would come from what I'm calling center right. I think that's their fear, is that they are gonna come from right-wing interests on the mainland. Are there other issues that if you are more conservative on the political continuum, you would expect those issues to roll up once if there's an approved convention? Oh, absolutely. What would be some of those? Those are the issues where the liberals and the conservatives actually agree for the most part, the initiative in a referendum system, that's favored by conservatives and favored by liberals. I think actually devolving more power to the counties creating school districts, that's an issue that's favored by the left and the right. Maybe not the centrist, maybe not some of the current dominant center left interests as you're characterizing them, maybe not the public sector unions. But those I think those institutional changes are favored by both of those sides. Gideon, any sense of when you move around the community, what are you hearing from millennials, Gen Xers, Gen Yers, what I can't keep up with all the monikers, but the younger voters? To the degree they're engaged with politics, I think, and I think we've seen times when they very much are, and I like that generation, I have to say. They make great employees, I really like them and I like their idealism. I like the fact that they think big thoughts and they tend to want to get engaged. I find generally more as a group than as individuals, but whatever, that's fine. I think they should be engaged. Our government was made to operate with a lot of citizen input and with people not being in office forever and making it a lifelong power base. So things like I think term limits are appealing. I think particularly in our state, our counties have so much they need to deal with on their own island and I feel strongly that to the degree we have autonomy there, it's a good thing. Having spent a number of years as a very big volunteer on the Board of Regents and at the university and I'm alum there and I've watched it for years. You got a few scars on those things. Yeah, I got a few scars. You know, I just think that we need more autonomy. We've got to be able to run our university properly and it's not working the way it is. And I would say, I suspect that's exactly true with our public education system. It's a top down management system. That's got to be looked at. More people are going to the charter schools which are more, I think in touch with what their communities need and more tailored and we're losing in the public schools. Even against the traditional, a lot of kids go to private school here, even more so with the last report that came out. But the charter schools are gaining and I think we should pay attention to that. We're gonna go to a break and when we come back, let's talk more and drill into some of the other issues that might come on the table. There was a new woman who lived in a shoe. She had so many children she didn't know what to do. She gave them some broth without any bread and kissed them all soundly and put them to bed. Hunger is a story we can end. End it at feedingamerica.org. You can be the greatest, you can be the best. You can be the king, come bangin' on your chest. You can be the world, you can be the war. You could talk to God, go bangin' on his door. Talking with Colin Moore and Kitty Yanoni and we're thinking through some of the issues that might come on the table should the voters approve a con con on November 6th. Let's talk about the counties. You mentioned it before. What do you think might be on the minds of delegates? And it's hard to know because we don't know who's gonna get elected if it goes forward. What are some of the things that the counties would be advocating for? Cause they'll be also, this is a political game and there will be a lot of political pressures. What will be on the county's minds? Well, number one, it's greater taxing authority. They've been asking for that for a long time. I mean, you know, that is unique in Hawaii. I mean, in most states, counties do have a lot more freedom to create their own tax levels and they fund their own projects. The second thing I think would probably be agriculture. And you already saw this with the fight the state has gotten in with Maui over some of the pesticide regulations. And then, you know, the third might be either more subdivisions below the county level. As most people are watching this show know, we have the most centralized system of state government in the country. We elect the fewest officials. We don't have divisions of government below the county level, which is very, very interesting. We're actually the only state in the country that doesn't have that. That's exactly right. And so you don't have school boards. You don't have city councils. I mean, we have a neighborhood board on Oahu, but, you know, that's a little bit like plain student council. I mean, there's not real power. Yeah, it's advisory. And I think there's, particularly because of where the delegates are gonna be coming from, it's very likely that the delegates are gonna be elected from individual legislative districts, probably two per house district. So we get 172. 178, that's what you'd have. Yeah, like in 1978. And so they're gonna be very invested in this sense of local county identity. And so I suspect they're gonna be pushing for that pretty hard. Agree on that? County issues will rise up in the county. I think so. I mean, the highly centralized government is something that I, you know, we always compare ourselves and this works better in this school district or they get more money or less money or things happen differently. I think we gotta look at that. I think we gotta seriously look at that.  And part of it is, one of the things that makes me more certain we should do it is talking to people that were part of 78 because they all, it was great, wonderful and some amazing things got done. But we don't wanna ever do it again. We shouldn't have it anymore. It should be done. That's kind of the perception I sense. And that makes me think, well, you know, it has a lot of uncertainty to it. Businesses do not like uncertainty. But so does the legislature. People never know what the hell's coming out of that each year. I think we should have it every other year like they do in Texas, frankly. The less is more. Well, that could happen. Could that could surface as that proposal? That absolutely could. Or it could move to a full-time legislature. I mean, go in the opposite direction. Or a unicameral. Or a unicameral. I mean, that's the thing about the con con is everything is on the table. Now, of course, everyone will be able to vote on whether or not they accept that at the end. But the delegates can do what they want, the convention. Are there big proposals to reform the way voting works and the way the state legislature, where you've mentioned a couple. Right. Initiative, referendum, recall. Those are issues that came up in 78 and quickly went down, but it was a close vote. Term limits will probably come up. Those came up before, but they didn't apply to state legislators. I suspect those will come up as well, partially because the most motivated people from the left and the right who are likely to run for delegates, they favor things, those proposals. What about social issues? Gambling, recreational, marijuana. Would you see some of those also rolling up on the tip?  And you know, I grew up in the 70s. So I'm a little more to the left on a lot of those things. I think generally, you know, we passed this legislation about medical marijuana and we still don't have any regs so it can actually be implemented. And yeah, a lot of people suffer as a result of that. I think there's crazy stuff that doesn't get done. We have these great bills and acts that would bring more money to the school system. You know, we make decisions that sounds good. Nobody ever implements. I'd like to see a lot more accountability built in somewhere. And I'm not sure what the mechanism is, but it's not going to happen by accounting on the same people to build it in. They're not going to police themselves. They don't do that very well. So one of the things that a constitutional convention does is give citizens a chance to, in a sense, override the legislature and say, these are issues. Work on these. We want to do this. Many of the things that came out of 78 and 68 were things the legislature could have done themselves. So basically, it says, this is the temper of the times. In 78, the war in Vietnam was on people's minds. The environmental issues were on people's minds. Palakka Power was on people's minds. There were lots of issues roiling around. Do we have those today? Do you see that where there's really creating a kind of ferment? Or are we more passive or seduced by national issues? This is a question about the temper of the times and the mirror of the times. And Kitty, when we were doing our concon salon, Jim Schoen said, these really are a mirror of what's going on. The concons are a mirror. I agree with Jim that concons are a mirror. And I think similar to the 70s, what we have is this deep frustration with the status quo. That's why you get such low approval ratings for the legislature. I mean, in the 70s, concon, of course, you're partially responding to Watergate and this deep frustration with the federal government. The difference, though, is you don't have that same level of mobilization that happened after Vietnam. That's why the delegates who ran for the concon were dramatically younger than the delegates in the 68 concon. I think they're going to be dramatically younger than the delegates who run and win this time because young voters are not as engaged in the same way they were after Vietnam. And it was in response to that experience. I mean, having so much at stake that you could be drafted for the war. So I don't expect that to happen. I know my students, if they see this, will be disappointed that I don't have more faith in young voters. But I don't see that level of mobilization interest. And you look at the declining voter turnout. There's registration and turnout are two different things. They kind of move around. We have higher registration because it's very, very easy to get registered these days, but decreasing voter turnout. And one thing, and John Wahey has made this point many times and I agree, one thing that can come out of a concon, though, if young people do run, is to create a new generation of leaders. That's what we saw last time. And maybe that's what we need because the people who are opposed to it right now will often say, as you suggested, the legislature can already do this. And sure they can, but things like term limits, the initiative and referendum system, for the most part, that's really not in their interest to change. Those are big game changers. Big game changers. And like businesses, politicians don't like uncertainty. Well, yeah. I don't think anybody likes, most people don't like. And yet, sometimes we gotta push the envelope. We've gotta look at things differently. And to me, it's been a very long time since we've, I've lived here for 44 years. It's been a very long time since I've seen real change. And I say that after being a Democrat on my life and going to help lend a lingle. And I look at as much as got done in certain areas, the system's pretty strong and keeping, I look at it as like the river parted, a few things got done, some good, really good things. I look at the clean energy initiative and things like that. But as soon as she's gone, it's right back. Nothing really changes. Well, one of the, one of the challenges in this might be a lot of existing political elites running for a delegate status. So you might wind up having a flood of existing politicians, senior guys, saying why don't it be a delegate? Which didn't happen in 78. It didn't, but it did happen in the con con prior to that in the 60s, exactly. And I think that was because there was this norm that came out of the 78 proposal for con con, that elected leaders shouldn't run as delegates, that it really should come from the people. And no matter what happens, you know, and I don't take a position when wearing out there on con con, but if it passes, I hope our elected officials will respect that. I don't think it's appropriate for them to run. In 70s, the media played a big role on that. They were really pushing hard to make sure it was more of a citizens' gathering than the existing political rally for the sitting politicians. Is that likely? I think so. I mean, a lot of this will be modeled after the 78 con con because it just looms so large in the history of this state. And so because there's precedent for that, I expect you'll see the same pressure and discouragement for elected officials to run. So let's just take a look at further issues that might come on the table. That's really the center of gravity for this discussion. Are there other issues, wildcard issues, that might come up about how the state functions, how the body politic functions, how voting functions, how education, for example, on education, would we really expect that there'd be an attempt to decentralize the school board system and have neighbor island boards or something different? Oh, I think there would be. I think there would be. What do you think that would look like? If we were just speculating, I understand we're speculating, but let's do that. Yeah, I think communities, I think it always is interested in me because the neighbor island communities are pretty focused.  And you think they actually want that? You think they would be hungry for that? I think there's a growing movement. I think there's a growing movement toward that, yeah. With the charter schools. Well, with the charter schools in just a sense that top-down governance isn't working on our schools. If you look at films like Most Likely to Succeed and The Way Things Are Being Done, we're kind of working off an old model. We're working off old curriculum. And there's, we have a $3 billion budget. 1.9 comes from the state, but another billion comes from everywhere else. We've got a relatively small school system and people are starting to realize that, including a lot of teachers.  And can't pay teachers. We don't know, and can't pay our teachers well. Where does that money go? Colin, other issues that you think we'll roll up across the bandwidth of state, how the state functions, voting functions, any of the pieces? Well, the big one we haven't talked about is our native Hawaiian issues. Then it's OHA. I mean, we were talking about a state agency, I think the future of OHA is what a lot of people are most concerned about what could happen. I mean, could there be a state within a state proposal? All of these things would be on the table. That I think would be the biggest game changer. But I entirely agree that the neighbor islands are hungry for some devolution of power. I mean, anytime I go over there, you hear people talk about the state of Honolulu and how they're so frustrated with these, you know, these decrees coming down from the square building. We only have a minute or two left. And if there was one message you would like to put out there for the folks who are listening to this about November 6th and the ballot questions, what would it be? I would say, you know, even however you do it, get some information and go vote. Know the issues, the fewer of us that go to the polls, the less, you know, we get detached. And I would say reattach, reengage, get involved, know the issues, and have a voice. I mean, I'm always fascinated when I sit in a room and I listen to people that may think differently than I do. And I always learn something. And I may or may not change my opinion. You are so good at that. The more of us that listen, the more good information gets out and we can sift through and end together as a community, we can determine some new ways of doing things. Colin? There'll be a lot of great sources for information on the con con, no matter what position you take. And one of them I hope will be this citizen's jury that we've worked on because if you can't trust your fellow citizens, you know, really who can you trust? And so that's the point of this project, to give you an unbiased source to at least clarify what the debate really is about. So just to add my little voice to what Colin and Kitty have said, if you have an issue that you're worried about and you say, I wanna protect this issue, I don't wanna see changes, or you have alternatively an issue that you say I really wanna see change on, get clear on that and either way, come out and vote. But focus on the issues that are most important to you. We're in an interesting moment and it could be a game changer. Thank you so much for joining us today. Thanks for having us. Have you bet.


Hey guys, RealisticGaming here today. We're gonna be doing some scary stories in roadblocks, and I'm here with captain and tweeter Say hi tweeter There you go. Okay, so let's begin. Oh, yeah By the way, if you guys are new to the channel remember to subscribe slap that like button and turn that notification bell And if you're already subscribed just slap that like button Okay, so let's begin with the first story in the bullies. Oh god Okay, haha.     We hope that we hope she rest in peace. Oh my god So that was a girl getting bullied like you guys Bullying people is not cool. All right, you guys did I was like there's nothing good behind it So I don't know I mean if you guys are getting bullied the best thing is to talk to somebody you're closest to Don't be afraid. Just talk to somebody you're closest to and that'll be the best thing common rest in peace but Veronica Parker yay finally the freak is dead. You guys are so you guys are evil. I'm leaving.  Oh, no, I forgot my keys Okay, oh It looks like Veronica got her revenge on these bullies.  What who are you Veronica?  Oh, that's her jumpscare there. That looks freaky. They deserved it Veronica Oh my god, everybody round of applause for Veronica because she was victim. What why do you have long hair? Do I have long hair we do Why do we have long hair it's because we touch their dolls, huh? Okay, so it seems like we have to reset Okay, I'm a reset.  It's not the lazy way No, it's the quickest way. Okay captain. Okay, so what story was this a little brother?  It can to visit his little brother.  Is that his little brother? Why do you look so evil? He better not hurt a man. He came to visit you. You're great, bro. It's getting late. I should have go to sleep. Oh My god, look at his face. He's like Okay Here's breathing under bed. Is anybody there? Bro, I want to be honest with you. There is a ghost under your bed right now And if I was y'all just jump out that window, bro, I don't look back Wait, but if that's his brother, why is he gonna like damage him? Oh, no, it's not okay. Let's see what happens Let's not get ahead of ourselves. Ah, who are you? Hi big brother.  Okay. Now it's loud It was like sort of delayed What now we can be together forever Why did you do that to him, bro? What if he didn't want to be with you forever?  Why would you do that like?  Let's go Okay, guys, maybe we can try the Ouija board challenge. I'm not so sure guys Yeah, that would be cool. Okay, so this guy wants to try out the Ouija board and this guy's like, yeah, bro Let's try it. But this guy's like bro. I don't think that's a good idea, right captain Even captain said no, okay.  Yeah, it's not like it's real anyways. Okay, then I guess. Oh, no That's pure pressure right there, man That's bad That is bad. Look at that. You see now a ghost popped up. Okay, Matt Lightwood. We summon you. Are you here? We can try to talk with my uncle. No, I did uncle. His name was Matt Lightwood Okay, then that okay, then he said my might lack but might like would we summon you are you here and says wait? What the it actually said? Yes? Hey, oh my god, and he is right there. Let's blind him leave them alone. You're even ghost Okay, uh wait, that's the one we just were in right wait what where is Simon? I don't know. Oh my god. He took Simon The one that didn't want to play the Ouija board ended up getting taken away by the ghost. Oh He got possessed Who are you? What do you want? What have you done to Simon? Please don't kill us your friend Simon is gone. And so Will you to be oh my god? So he like possessed Simon he took over his body now. He's gonna kill both of these That's it man. That's what you get for messing with the Ouija board never touch that stuff guys.   I know right, but he got possessed captain So there's nothing you can do. Hi dad. I'm home. Hi sweetie. Okay.  Oh Look at her. She's feeling pretty You like so pretty girl. Okay. Let's go to the next one. Ah, what?  I'm not so ugly. Oh my god.  Oh What what it's going on is it's like six mirrors now and it doesn't seem very pretty here Okay, who are you? Please don't kill me. Oh what?  We have a mystery to solve Alice Alice Alice What is there a jump scare here that I missed? Okay, oh, it's a granny jumpscare.  If you guys know the origin of the story let me know Okay, come arrest and peace Alice Poor girl. She was so pretty and then now she's dead. Oh my god, oh Why is that guy so mean and ketchup? Come on, bro. You can't be doing that The puppy in the basement. Oh, they have a smile dog Okay, here's puppy crying mommy. Can I go down to the basement?  Don't even go down there, bro. No, I have to help the puppy. No, you don't girl. Just turn around. No honest No, honey. It's dangerous. I can't tell you but I can tell you why but promise you won't go down there Okay, okay, so the mom's telling her don't go down there girls It seems pretty spooky, but the little girl's a rebel runs down to the basement Bro, what did your mother just tell you?  No. Oh, no, the mom is terrified for her now. Okay. Hmm. There is nothing here ignores the blood on the floor What's why is there ketchup on the floor? Oh my god? Oh I guess I'll be going up. What isn't that her mom? How did the body just appear and disappear? Oh Oh My god, look out for the ghost the ghost behind What where do we go? Is that it?  I don't know what it just happened. We're coming rest in peace mommy Okay rip. Yes rip captain Okay, now let's go check out smile dog That is one of the favorites. Oh My god, look at the little puppy. He looks so cute. Okay. Oh Okay, now I see why are you barking so much shooting well girl first of all Let me check behind you that big window and behind you the smile dog is there and he does not look friendly That's why your little puppy is barking.  Oh my god. I'm arrested piece little puppy. Look at him.  Oh my god. No Come on Let's run away What's what's go away? He doesn't look so scary here though. It looks friendly. He just looks like a normal husky. Ah Oh, she attacked him or smile dog attacked her actually. Oh My god, come and rest in peace girly.  Why is he so giant here? What oh my god, can we jump on him?  He doesn't look scary there. Okay, my imagine friend imaginary friend Okay, mommy. Why is this character so tiny? He's like not even half of the bed. Oh god Okay, honey Nobody is behind me. You must go back to sleep. Say hi to my friend.  I Think looks freaky. Okay. He is here mom like behind you. He just wants to play with us. Oh God, don't turn around. You're gonna get freaked that thing is so scary looking bro What is that? No mom why honey watch out. Oh, no mom.  Oh Of course there would be a jump scare What there's two of them now How is this possible licking the army now? Okay, now that's just a jump scorer What is that thing bro It looks so ugly What is that you think maybe he knows? What is that captain? Let me know what that is bro.  I Don't know man. He has legs my friend. That is not your friend captain You would be terrified if that was your friend in real life. Okay phantom Let's see what this is about Girl have you locked the doors. I've heard there's a killer on the loose. Yeah, I have locked the doors Okay, so there's a killer on the loose and this goes like you better lock your doors man because you got to be safe out here. Okay Phantom bro Okay, I think someone is at the door. Can you check who it is? Hmm? I should go and check who it is Yeah, because she just told you to go check. What do you mean girl? Are you cray? Huh, there is nobody here. Okay, so that's weird There was someone at the door now. There's nobody Okay, probably just some kids that is trying to scare us unless did you lock the door? There was nobody outside the door. Yeah, but did you oh? Why is there a why is there a fnaf jump scare? And that's so cool though Okay, remember to lock the door kids. What they just died like that in the split second common rest in peace girl Door girl. I don't know. Oh, I'm not a kid. Yes. You are captain On the other hand me and tweeter. All right Okay, we're adults. Hey tweeter. What you guys? Thank you guys.  Thank you guys for the amazing support as always and I will see you guys next time


My name is Naval. I'm an entrepreneur and investor out of this San Francisco Bay area Started companies like opinions and Angel list, which is the largest platform for online fundraising and startup recruiting And I'm an investor in seed stage in early companies like Twitter and Uber and Postmates and so on so forth Yeah, New Zealand actually has a lot of assets going for it, which are obvious. Obviously beautiful nature rule of law very low corruption English-speaking Kind of Western norms which are useful for doing business because A lot of the norms and doing business come from the Western world And three-hour time zone shift from Pacific time on the West Coast in the United States But it's still small enough and That it can experiment and so I think there's an opportunity here to Run this country as an incubator for systems level experiments with the understand their experiments They might fail in which case you shut them down, but You know if New Zealand were to do say 20% of the regulatory arbitrage that a Malta does It would get 10 times the business because people want to live in New Zealand It's a real country with a real culture in a certain size and scale if you were to For example, if you wanted to attract blockchain companies or drone companies or AI companies or self-driving car companies In New Zealand, it wouldn't take that much right? You could carve out one town and say this is good for self-driving car experiments You could take one open area and say this is good for all the drone experiments You could take one sector the financial sector and say okay We'll let you do crowdfunding properly and raise money for ICOs and so on within You for utility tokens and we're going to define that very clearly for you So New Zealand could run these kinds of experiments is economic experiments and do really well In a sense EHF is a very radical but very interesting low-cost experiment EHF in my mind is very much like a venture-style bet where for a very small amount of money And a very small number of visas which is like far less than get issued on an annual basis you Run a experiment where you attract the most talented people in the world and you kind of see what happens When you look at Silicon Valley or Hollywood Those areas are successful not because they create entrepreneurs or they create actors It's because they attract entrepreneurs and they attract actors and actresses So the successful cities in the United States and successful regions are attractors. They're not creators and With something like EHF and a global impact visa You're sweating every detail in every single visa And you're setting up an ecosystem to attract people who can then catalyze something larger around them So I view New Zealand as a place to run these kinds of potentially high-outcome low-cost experiments whether it's an immigration whether it's in cryptocurrency regulation whether it's in drones or Whether it's even in ecosystem design development rescue Etc. I think if you were to like Come up with a list of like the top 10 countries in the world where people would want to live where they don't already live New Zealand would make that list every time And in fact it would make that list for a broader set of reasons than some of the other countries that make that list like You know if you ask the random person in the third world like what country do you want to go to? All right, if they say United States, okay land of opportunity all that branding around that People might some people might say Switzerland or Singapore But that's for tax reasons or whatever If someone's going to Malta, they're doing it for regulatory arbitrage, right? New Zealand is people would say livability, right? It's just overall quality of life I'm hard-pressed to think of a place in the world that has higher overall quality of life and well-being and then New Zealand is kind of a Has the advantage and the disadvantage of being remote, right? Advantage in that that's what protects it if New Zealand were say on the border of Asia If if it physically shared a land border with Asia guarantee you look very different It'd be the population would be ten times as large and we wouldn't be talking about Immigration or innovation. We'd have the opposite problem. We have problems of pollution and and land use and those kinds of things so It is it is a strength that New Zealand is remote but now thanks to airplanes and the internet New Zealand can compete and participate in the global economy at a level that I don't think it could have even 20 years ago The internet is making remote work much much easier. It's spreading knowledge and know-how. It's spreading trade Asia has become such a superpower in terms of market so that having a place that is accessible to both Asia and to the west is Gives it a very unique position literally the only thing that stands between New Zealand and A Singapore Hong Kong level of economic success without the development because you don't want this place to look like Hong Kong or Singapore But in terms of the employment rates and the GDP growth and all that kind of thing Literally the only thing that's standing in the way is just a few little regulatory and immigration changes here and there would do it Now with airplanes New Zealand is very accessible and with the internet You know you can live here and do almost anything I think EHF is compelling because it is a very unique experiment It is the only place in the world where people are being incredibly thoughtful and intentional about Who is immigrating to the country and what they're doing in this country right today? If you look at most of the world Immigration is sort of this highly politicized battle where we don't want those kinds of people in the country or they're stealing our jobs Or on the flip side you have too many people Trying to get into a country and it's based on who crossed the border first or who already has a relative And there's no good system to choose and even the systems that are in place For example the the US has an H1B visa which is supposed to be a skilled visa or they've an 01 genius visa And these things get hacked they get hacked to import a certain kind of labor and they have template fillouts and so on whereas I see with EHF you have intentional immigration design and Then the amount of effort that's taken to acclimate us to New Zealand It's not like here you are welcome to New Zealand go right which is how most immigration works instead It's here are the Maori people here's the culture and the history here's what we care about in the environment Here are people who are working in different sectors and and what they need help with and what they can help you with the level of integration that's done it has to be the most Thoughtfully designed immigration program in the world and if it works well, then you could see it scaling up So it's that literally New Zealand sucks in a crazy amount of talent and creates a template for the rest of the world So I think in that sense it is a solution To the immigration problem being incubated and that is one of the biggest problems in the world today You have done a really good job of selecting People who are it is a balance of people who have done great things and people who are going to do great things and obviously There's no way of telling for sure But I look at it as a venture portfolio and you've collected a venture portfolio of a hundred and something people of whom Ten are going to do really amazing things and you can't tell which ten right now It's probably not me because I'm over the hill But you know for the younger people and there's going to be one who's going to make a significant impact on New Zealand or two Or three, but it'll be 10 or 15 years from now But it'll be a non-linear impact And I think that that's a that's a hard thing to build to manage a venture portfolio But when I look at the people they all have that characteristic There are social entrepreneurs. There are You know, there are classic technology entrepreneurs there are Resource lifestyle entrepreneurs everyone there is very self-driven very very motivated people everyone has a story Everyone has something they're hustling over something that they're trying to push out there into the world. They're all creative people They all have a point of view. So it's in that sense. It's a very very impressive group I think EHF has done as good of a job as it possibly can integrating them in a short period of time but then they just have to come back more spend more time with each other and We also the tools now where they could stay connected remotely. So I think it's quite the Petri dish you assemble and something will come out of it I think that first of all, you already have the critical mass with some great people So if you're building a new business or a new non-profit It's it's a great Coordination point to find other like-minded people It's good to get to New Zealand because it gets you out of your normal comfort zone And then you kind of have some shared experience together that builds trust very very quickly and when you're doing business or creating something trust is really important and so just putting them into the same place and Having them go through shared new experiences Is really interesting even though this is It's not really germane to my business I Found the close-up interaction with the Maori really interesting because we talk about Indigenous peoples in the United States, but they're kind of hidden away. They're on reservations. They're heavily outnumbered One doesn't see them unless one seeks them out and the level to which New Zealanders have integrated the Maori And other Pacific Islanders that the indigenous peoples who are here and the level to which they're willing to be open To welcome new people into their nation given the traumatic history of what happened here I Don't I don't know if there's another place in the world like it. It may be unique So in that sense just seeing that I think is a model Because we are going through a phase right now Maybe it's social media. Maybe it's the times who knows but it seems like all the men in the world are at war with all the women and all the You know whites are at war with the non-whites like if you go on Twitter today That's the impression you get and it's even though. I'm sure that there are many things to be resolved here Seeing an older culture like the Maori have a place where you know both men and women have power But very different kinds of power that reflect who they are and then watching them integrate into this society and this society Integrate into them. I know it's not perfect. I don't I don't know the history, but at least from here It's educational. It seems good. Yeah, basically I think that Anyone who's coming as part of this program has to be prepared to contribute to New Zealand because New Zealand is Extending you something pretty amazing right when the Maori show up and these people had their land taken from them and when they welcome you to their home, that's Pretty amazing. I mean there's there must be a lot of pain behind that so in appreciation of that you got to bring something to the game too and I think everyone can contribute some combination of time talent and resources time into the local community and You know physically in the place getting to know it Talent in terms of your unique attributes insights Whatever you bring to the table and resources. Some of us were coming with big resources should contribute to local charities the investment Circuit over here Has to be done in a way that is scalable and sustainable, but you know, EHF is small today. It's what like a hundred fifty Fellows maybe going to a couple of hundred But I think when you when people look back in time and say wow per New fellow who came in the level of contribution I would be surprised that there's a single immigrant program in the world that would match it I also I actually also think that at this point EHF is a pretty exclusive club Right, it's got there's just there's a signaling benefit to it. There's a credentialing benefit to it I've looked at the numbers the acceptance rates are quite low and I know some very very capable people who are not accepted So, you know in that sense, this is a club that may not have you as a member So if you apply you're you're you're in pretty good company This is not the kind of club where just anyone can get in this is a very intentionally crafted community So just if you do get in you're gonna you're gonna meet and connect with people that normally you would never be able to have Have the time and space to form an actual connection with Look the quirky challenging things where I think also still weirdly necessary Like I'm not a sit still and listen person So I don't like sitting in a dome while someone give long talks On the other hand if the team there hadn't worked tirelessly to break the ice. We would not have bonded To me the staff was very impressive the Maori people are very very impressive If I were gonna change one thing I just spend more time outdoors and less indoors just because it's so beautiful here But I may have also picked a week when I didn't rain that much And I think other classes may have been here when it was raining more But I prefer more outdoor sessions more small group activities And kind of less indoor large group activities, but overall I think the for you know one week The level of bonding that is achieved. It's pretty amazing. Yeah, I think for the government the best thing it can possibly do is Probably have a regulatory friendly environment that allows some level of experimentation for these age companies Private sector it's about technology education having a technically literate workforce having people trained in computers and Putting them in some kind of a central hub whether it's Wellington or Auckland For the companies I think Because thanks to the internet and to due to rising prices and cost of living in the Bay Area San Francisco Bay Area people are getting comfortable this idea of having a small office in San Francisco and the main Organization say here if there's access to talent And then I think over time if there's a good technically literate workforce here You could even see startups like Stripe or Square or Airbnb or Uber Putting up technology outposts here in New Zealand Which I think would also help create that ecosystem that top soil into which startups can eventually grow Yeah, I think I'm happy to work with local people for crypto regulation crypto conferences And helping make New Zealand one of these stops on the Grand Crypto tour And then I want to help EHF itself the the parent organization. It's easy to do outward things for The the whole ecosystem But I think each if itself is really interesting Because from what I understand has 400 visas to bring in 400 great people who are going to make a difference And I want to make sure that when we can show that that's working with the impact of very Intentionally selecting those 400 people and tracking them and motivating them and so on when we see what the impact is any Sensible government and I'm sure other governments the world want to copy it They'll be like well, I want to do that with 4,000 people or 40,000 people and how do I do that? I want to make sure that the model is figured out properly You know, I come from the private sector where we're used to accountability We're used to things actually working not just talking So I want to make sure that whatever comes out of EHF on the other side is Quantifiable trackable and can clearly be shown The benefit that has had can clearly be shown Doing the HACCO is definitely out of my comfort zone but something I needed to do I feel like New Zealand is one spark away from a economic forest fire Maybe it's a wrong analogy to use here because forest fires are a bad thing But I mean in the sense that you can ignite something here all the raw materials are here I don't think there's anything really missing. I think this is just needs that spark Maybe EHF is that spark maybe regulation Deregulation in some key areas that spark maybe just the internet enabling more remote working will create that spark But I don't think we're far I'm not saying New Zealand is going to be Silicon Valley overnight But it could be a place where a reasonable mid-sized technology industry starts thriving and growing And New Zealand becomes an exporter of technology


Dear students, I will be presenting to you an example to show you that for any distribution, the harmonic mean is less than or equal to the geometric mean and the geometric mean is less than or equal to the arithmetic mean. So let a1, a2, so on, so on up to an be a set of positive numbers. So let us create a distribution for a random variable x by placing a weight of 1 over n on each of these numbers a1, a2, so on up to an. We are doing this when we apply 1 over n weight on each of these numbers. This means that we are creating a uniform distribution. Alright, once we have got that, then the mean of the random variable x, the arithmetic mean that will be equal to summation ai over n. This is an elementary formula that we do not do in terms of probability distribution, but we do it in terms of data. In fact, here I will be writing expected value of x and I will once again make you recall that these numbers a1, a2, so on up to n with probabilities 1 over n for each one of them is actually a discrete, you know, the probability distribution of a discrete random variable. Then what is the formula for the expected value of x for any discrete distribution? Do you not know that it is summation x into p of x? So here you apply summation x into p of x. What will it become if we expand it and open it up? x1 into p of x1 plus x2 into p of x2 plus so on so on xn into p of xn. So just apply it. Instead of x1, x2, we are saying a1, a2 and p of x1, p of x2, instead of that we are saying 1 over n. It is none other than the discrete uniform distribution. Alright, so when we do it like this, then obviously when 1 over n is attached to each other, then it will come out common. When it comes common, then you will write it like this. Expected value of x is equal to 1 over n into summation ai where i goes from 1 to n. Okay, so this is the expression for the arithmetic mean of this particular discrete uniform distribution. Now, let us apply the Jensen's inequality and just keep in mind what is the Jensen's inequality. It is as follows, if phi is a convex function on an open interval i and if x is a random variable whose support is contained in i and also if this random variable has a finite expectation, then phi of e of x is less than or equal to the expected value of phi x. If phi should be a convex function, I would like you to note that minus log of x is a convex function and therefore we can apply the Jensen's inequality. So the left hand side of Jensen's inequality is phi of e of x. So if we start using this function instead of phi, minus log, then what will it be? Minus log of e of x which is on the left side. And e of x, we just mentioned earlier, summation ai over n, so you put that there. Minus log of 1 over n into summation ai, that's the left hand side of the Jensen's inequality. So this entity or this quantity will be less than or equal to. What do we have on the right hand side of the Jensen's inequality? The expected value of phi of x. So what do we write here? Less than or equal to. Expected value of minus log of x. Because we are taking the minus log of phi. Now this right hand side on this. Expected value of minus log of x. What is that equal to? That is equal to minus 1 over n summation log of ai. By the same rationale by which I gave you the reason why the expected value of x was equal to summation ai over n. You can see yourself through the same rationale that expected value of minus log of x. First of all, the minus sign will come out of expectations. So minus the expected value of log x. So instead of x, if it is log x, then apply all that rationale. And we get minus 1 over n summation log of ai. Where i goes from 1 to n. Okay, now we are in this form. Now let's move forward a little bit further. Do we not know that summation log ai would mean log of a1 plus log of a2 plus so on and so on plus log of an? So a basic rule here that log of a plus log of b is the same thing as log of a b. So what do we get? Minus 1 over n log of a1 into a2 into a3 so on so on into an. And then apply the second rule of logarithm. This minus 1 over n is attached. Take 1 over n to the power above which is done for logarithm. So what do we get? We have minus log of a1 into a2 into so on so on an. And this entire product raised to 1 over n. So Jensen's inequality. So once you do this much, how can we read it? If we remove the minus sign on both sides, then the less than equal sign will go back and it will become greater than or equal to. So then what do we get? We can read it as follows. The logarithm of 1 over n into summation a i is greater than or equal to the logarithm of a 1, a 2, so on up to n, just called pi of a i, pi being the product sign and i going from 1 to n, raised to 1 over n. That's what we get. Okay, now what we have, that has log on both sides, making logarithm is an increasing function. Therefore, if I remove it from both sides, the greater than sign that will remain as it is. It will flip and it won't be less than. And what we have then? We have summation a i over n greater than or equal to a 1 into a 2, so on, so on into a n raised to 1 over n. So, what we have now, is that I can't say that arithmetic mean is greater than or equal to the geometric mean. Of course, I can say that because as you can see, the expressions that you have, they are the expressions of the arithmetic and the geometric mean respectively. Okay. So, now we have to see a little bit more and show that our inequality means that the arithmetic mean is greater than or equal to the geometric mean and that is greater than or equal to the harmonic mean. So, that harmonic mean part, of course, how do we do that one? We will replace, let us do this, replace a i by 1 over a i. A i is a positive number, so 1 over a i is also a positive number. Then what do we get? We will have 1 over a 1 into 1 over a 2 into so on so on into 1 over a n and this entire product raised to 1 over n, this will be less than or equal to 1 over n summation 1 over a i. So, students, that is fine. Now, if I take this whole thing as a reciprocal, then what do I get? Now I get 1 over the product 1 over a 1, 1 over a 2, so on so on, 1 over n, raised to 1 over n. Abhi thori der pehle less than or equal tha abhi ho jayega, greater than or equal to, kyu ke aap reciprocal le rahe, ab jante hain ke boh sign ulot jayega, greater than or equal to 1 over 1 over n summation 1 over a i. To ab jo isme pehle chis hain usko aap solve karne, and very quickly you will find that first expression is equal to a 1 into a 2 so on so on into a n raised to 1 over n. In other words, it is the geometric mean again, and according to this inequality, this is greater than 1 over summation 1 over a i over n. So, Yejuti said, do you not see that this is the harmonic mean, because after all, what is the definition of the harmonic mean? Haan kaite hain hain ke it is the reciprocal of the arithmetic mean of the reciprocals of the values. To yeh hi hain aur expectation ke saath jab baat karenge, to kyaise define hoti hain? The harmonic mean is 1 over the expected value of 1 over x, so as you can see that expression is exactly that. So ab jab hain dono parts cho kar diye ke they are correct, then obviously we can combine them and we can say that am is greater than or equal to gm and gm is greater than or equal to hm. Kulta kar ke likhinge to sahir hain ke greater than ki jaga pe you will say less than. This is a demonstration, not a very rigorous proof, but a demonstration of this inequality and I have done for you with reference to the discrete uniform distribution.