Hello everyone, I once again welcome you all to MSB lecture series on Transfer Metallic Chemistry. I am sure you are having good time reading and understanding chemistry. This is 37th lecture in the series and in my previous lecture, I started discussion on phosphorus ligands and also I did mention about the importance of phosphines in both coordination chemistry and ergonomically chemistry and also their utility in homogeneous catalysis. How important phosphines when compared to other similar sigma donor and pi acceptor ligands. So let me continue from where I had stopped two important aspects revolve around phosphorus chemistry when we want to use them as ligands. One is electronic properties and other one is steric properties. When we talk about electronic properties, we can readily alter the sigma donor ability and pi acceptor capability simply by changing the phosphorus substituents. And if we put more electron donating groups on phosphorus, it becomes a good sigma donor and poor pi acceptor. On the other hand, if you put more electron withdrawing groups on phosphorus, it makes relatively less or poor sigma donor but very strong pi acceptor. So this kind of facility, you do not come across among carbon monoxide, that is the reason tertiary phosphines, whether it is monophosphines, bisphosphines or polyphosphines play an important role in stabilizing coordination compounds and also ergonomically compounds in different oxygen states and also coordination number and hence their utility in homogeneous catalysis. So I mentioned about electronic properties and also steric attributes can be measured in terms of cone angle and I explained what is cone angle. So for example, let us consider a phosphine bound to metal and the average metal to phosphorus distance is about 228 p-commeter or 2.28 angstrom units. So let us imagine a conical surface at metal that encloses the van der Waals surfaces of all ligand substituents or all rotational orientations. That means if the phosphine is less bulky or phosphorus have small groups on it, your cone angle will be very small. On the other hand, if you put more bulky groups, cone angle increases. Once again I repeat, it is a conical surface defined or imagined at metal with a metal to phosphorus distance of 228 p-commeter that encloses van der Waals surfaces of all ligand substituents or all rotational orientations. So how we can use this one in utilizing phosphines in catalysis? Let us look into it. Now I have shown here and also I have listed corresponding cone angle for various phosphines as the bulkiness is increasing, cone angle is also increasing. Now you can see for example, if you take a metal complex having carbon monoxide as well as phosphines and how the stretching frequency of carbon monoxide varies that determines to what extent a phosphine is acting as a sigma donor and pi acceptor. For example, if you take here, I have put all alkyl phosphines here. If you see here, when we have alkyl phosphines in a metal complex having carbon monoxide, stretching frequencies are very low. On the other hand, if you can see here trifluorophosphine, very strong electron withdrawing group here we have as a result what happens CO stretching frequency is very high. That means in this type of ligands, there is a computation between both carbon monoxide and tertiary phosphine to take electrons through back bonding and if they are equally computed then what happens less electron density goes to the pi star of carbon monoxide as a result there is not much change in the stretching frequency. So that means this can give a measure of the sigma donor and pi acceptor capability of phosphines with respect to carbon monoxide. Now I have listed 3 ligands and the corresponding tetrachys metal complexes. So one such complex I have taken is Ni L4 where L is a neutral ligand is a phosphine and nickel is in zero valence state that means it is an 18 electron complex. Let us say if you want to use this one in catalysis since it is 18 electron species we cannot perform any oxidative addition as a result what happens one has to take out or dissociate one or more ligands before we use it as a catalyst. There is a typical example I have shown sterically demanding phosphine ligands can be used to create empty coordination sites or 16 valence electron complexes which is an important trick to fine tune the catalytic activity of phosphine complexes. That means you see here if you just look into the dissociation constant here for various ligands that can be compared with tolman cone angle for example if you take trimethoxy phosphine or trimethylphosphite it is very slow tolman angle is 107. So that means dissociation is little endothermic in nature. On the other hand if you go for slightly bulkier ligands such as dimethylphenylphosphine and here rate is increasing you can see here. It is 5 into 10 to the power of minus 2 and tolman angle is increasing that means you can see how tolman cone angle acids in understanding how quickly how easily a ligand can be dissociated from metal. When you go to trimethylphosphine its cone angle is 145 it completed dissociation happens within no time the moment you put into the solution. So that means in case if you take bulky ligands and even if you make it is coordinatively saturated with 8 electron species the moment we put into solution dissociation of 1 or 2 ligands would be very easy. In that case what happens we can generate 14 electron species or 16 electron species readily that is essentially a active catalyst and then oxidization can be initiated. So this is the advantage and this is how tolman cone angle can be correlated with catalytic efficiency of tertiary phosphines. Let us look into the influence of bite angle on catalytic efficiency in a catalytic reaction. So what is bite angle when you use a bidentate ligand when it collates to the same metal the angle generated by these two ligands is called bite angle and this separation between the two donor atoms is called bite separation. If the bite separation is larger the angle will also be larger that means if we have a very bulky linker between two phosphorus atoms then obviously what happens bite angle also increases as a result of increase in bite separation. So now if you take a typical square planar complex the angle should be 90 degrees and if the ligand when it forms a square planar complex so if you just see with bulky ligands what happens if the angle is increased here then what happens the distance between these two will shrink to compensate this one. So that means basically very bulky ligands would what happens decrease the distance between two groups if they are leaving groups then they come very closer and then in the reductive elimination process three bond concerted elimination would be very facile. So that means the ideal bite angle should be around 102 to 121 will make a bisphosphine ideal catalyst for both oxidative addition and also speed up the reductive elimination that is the important step in the coupling reactions. So larger bite angle facilitates the reductive elimination and hence the turnover numbers and also another advantage with these things are in case if we have some alkyl groups with beta hydrogen atoms it can also minimize beta hydrogen elimination because in the beta hydrogen elimination it is not giving any scope for the expansion of the coordination number of metal it can also minimize and also increase the stability of a metal complex especially if it is an organometallic compound. So now I have shown you with these graphics the advantage with large bite angles or large bite ligands for example you can see here this is of course this say 16 electron species with you know metal in a plus 2 state it is a D8 system and now you can see just focus your attention to this separation between these two ligands. Let us assume these two are ready for reductive elimination through the coupling between these two and in this case when you increase this bite angle so they come very closer and hence facilitate the concerted elimination so that reductive elimination will be much more facile it can come out. Now it is a photoelectron species and it is ready for second cycle of catalysis. Advantage with short bite ligands so now let us say we have a short bite this is then advantage with large bite ligand depending upon how we use it whether we have a large bite ligand we have a short bite ligand we can use according to our convenience if you know how we can use them in particular reaction. For example let us say we have short bite ligands when you short bite ligands with two phosphines separated by a small linker like DPPM say bisadiphenyl phosphino-methane where it forms a very strain 4 membered ring these chelate rings are unstable because of strain as a result if you generate a tetradentate tetra coordinated metal complex like this this should be tetrahedral in nature if it is nickel palladium or platinum the 10 system with 18 electrons. Now what happens the moment you put into the solution and try to add some reagents for oxidative addition because of ring strain it is likely that one of the phosphine to metal bond from each ligand would be cleaved to release the strain so that now it forms a photon electron species and still these phosphors are in close vicinity and you can perform oxidative addition and once reductive elimination happens you can get back this one. So that means whether we have a large bite ligand whether we have a short bite ligand if you know how to use them certainly we can use them in metal complexes and hence their utility in homogeneous catalysis. So here eta 2 ligand bidentate ligand becomes temporally modernated ligand and coordination sites are generated here and it is a photoelectron species and now you can see once reductive elimination is over this dangling phosphorous dora or atoms will come back and this can be regenerated. Now let us look into the specialty of phosphines I will give you a very interesting example here just look into this titanium octahedral complex two methyl groups are in axial position and four phosphorous atoms from two ligands they are this dimethyl phosphinoethane they are in the plane. So now these are all anionic ligands so this is a D2 system you know that 3D2 4S2 two electrons are gone it is a D2 system and D2 system means we have two electrons in the valence shell and we know from simple counting electrons that up to three electrons if we have they can be always whether we use strong field ligand or weak field ligand they always tend to be paramagnetic D1 D2 D3 system irrespective of what type of ligands we are using whether we are using strong field ligands or weak field ligands they remain paramagnetic. Now the question is this is an octahedral D2 complex is it possible to think it as a diamagnetic species very strange right how it happens we have two electrons are there under the influence of the sigma donor pi acceptor ligands what happens that degeneracy of T2G is destroyed in T2G we have DXY DXZ and DXY let us say two electrons would occupy DXY and as a result the energy of this one drops and these two will remain doubly degenerate at DXZ and DYZ now these electrons are paired unlike a typical D2 case where we have one electron each in two orbitals in that case it remains paramagnetic whereas here these two are paired now this orbital will conveniently overlap with sigma star of phosphine through to back donation so back donation happens that means this ligands these electrons will be taken by phosphorus sigma star orbitals phosphine mighty sigma star orbitals and back bonding happens because of this back bonding what happens despite having two electrons and D2 electronic configuration this titanium 2 plus compound is diamagnetic so now we do not have any unpaired electron these kind of unusual things can only happen with phosphines and of course D2 is a very strong pi donor favours metal to phosphorus pi bonding and MTPR sigma star are more stable and lower in energy they can readily interact with this one and take away their electron density and make it diamagnetic. So now let us compare transfer metal organic compounds or transfer metal or organometallic compounds with main group compounds having carbon. Let us look into the thermodynamic stability versus kinetic liability of organometallic compounds and also main group compounds where we have element to carbon bond so if you consider binary transfer metal complexes such as alkyl or aryl compounds complexes they are highly unstable and could not be made under normal conditions and also could not be stored at room temperature. For example, if you take tetraethyl methiam or tetraethyl titanium they can be stable only up to minus 60 degree centigrade and again among tetromethyl titanium and tetraethyl titanium tetraethyl is much more reactive and less stable compared to tetromethyl titanium. So but if you look into the bond parameters there is no difference between the transfer metal to carbon bond enthalpies and also a main group to carbon bond enthalpies. Transfer metal to carbon sigma bonds can be stabilized by including additional ligands such as cyclopentadienyl group or CO group or a phosphine or even halides that means transfer metal to carbon bond is weaker than transfer metal to halogen bond. So that means if you consider any of these things or even oxygen for that matter more electronegative these bonds are weaker compared to transfer metal to carbon bond. Despite these bonds are stable with respect to this one the reason and if you just see here the force constant measurements for metal to carbon sigma bonds shows that main group element to carbon bond as well as transfer metal to carbon sigma bonds can be comparable in strength having energy anywhere between 120 to 135 kilo joules per mole. That means why these transfer metal to carbon bonds are highly unstable compared to main group elements to carbon bond and if the bond enthalpies are essentially same the difficulties in handling organometallic compounds is not due to low thermodynamic stability but rather due to high kinetic liability. I repeat again the difficulties in handling and storing organometallic compounds is not due to low thermodynamic stability but rather due to their high kinetic liability. So what is the aspect that is responsible for them to make kinetically levied the culprit is beta hydrogen elimination. So they have easy pathways for decomposition and one such mechanism involving beta hydrogen elimination is shown in this figure. So let us say we have a metal bond group like this where we have beta hydrogen and it can establish a 4 membered intermediate in this fashion so that hydrogen starts interacting beta hydrogen starts interacting and in this one what happens this eventually this CH bond is cleaved and metal to hydrogen bond is established and now it has olefin formation takes place olefin binding and further what happens a hydrated compound comes and then your olefin comes out and then eventually this may decompose depending upon metal to hydrogen bond enthalpy. So that means here this is exactly opposite to hydrogenation reaction we come across on a metal center. So this kind of reactions are responsible for destabilizing organometallic compounds how to prevent that one yes you have to have some bulky groups like phosphine cyclopentadienyl or pentamethycyclo pentadienyl groups on metal so that further formation of this kind of 4 membered intermediate can be minimized or one can also look for organic moieties having no beta hydrogen atoms and of course how to know that beta hydrogen elimination is happening in a particular reaction you can see here for example you can take the labeled one this beta hydrogen is labeled with deuterium and if you see that one eventually that beta hydrogen should stay on metal so CUD is there and other one goes with this one. So this is how one can also analyze the beta hydrogen elimination process and is it reversible of course beta hydrogen elimination is reversible you can see here take this for example just look into this example here where we have 2 cyclopentadienyl groups on niobium and one ethylene group is there and one ethyl group is there this one on heating eliminates one of the ethylene group and it forms a then this C2H5 and it was beta hydrogen elimination to form a compound like this on addition of ethylene you can regenerate and of course this beta hydrogen elimination is reversible if not the utility of metal complexes in hydrogenation reaction would not have come very handy for homogeneous catalysts. So now the choice of the catalyst let us look into the choice of the catalyst for example if we have several very interesting variable key tertiary phosphines with us then why we should go for a bidentate ligand even when you go for bidentate ligand why we should not go for symmetric bidentate ligand instead we should go for unsymmetrical bidentate ligand or even with unsymmetrical bidentate ligand why we should go for heterodonor ligands donors with heterodonor functionalities that means one phosphorus can be there other one can be a nitrogen oxygen or sulfur donor. So let us look into the choice of the catalyst and choice of the ligands and choice of the combination of one or more donor atoms in such a way that that really facilitates homogeneous catalysis through various processes let us look into that one for catalysis why these phosphines are bidentate ligands why not monophosphines obviously this question would come into the mind and next yes if I answer satisfied and convince you the next question is why unsymmetrical are diphanxial ligands dppm is there fine why I should go for something else where two phosphorus varieties are different or one is phosphorus and another one is something else and why not symmetric phosphine I shall convince you about choice of the catalyst advantage of each one through these cartoons I am sure at the end of seeing these couple of slides you would be convinced about what I say about the choice of the catalyst or choice of a particular ligand in a metal complex for its utility in catalytic process. Now advantage of bidentate ligand first let us look into monodentate ligand so it assume this is a typical tetra case triphenyl phosphine palladium complex many organic commits a variety of organic transformation they use it is commercially available it is very unstable and especially it has to be handled under net atmosphere so when you take this one put into solution initially what happens it has to get rid of two ligand to generate an active species something like this and once you generate this one and these two ligands will be in solution whatever the organic medium you are taking and then it is not very easy to regenerate by bringing this back to establish this kind of coordination we are not talking about an isolated molecule here if you take even one more we have 6.523 into 10 to power of 23 molecules of complexes are there and then we have so much of solvent molecules are there in that case what happens we also talk about efficient collision frequency and all those things so considering all those things when these two ligands are dissociated again going back to establish this one is next to impossible or efficiency may drop as a result what happens in the first round let us have 100 such molecules were there in the second stream we may be left with 40 in the third we may be 20 so this catalytic cycle will diminish and within no time it becomes catalyst is no longer available for further catalytic process so that means catalytic turnover number and turnover frequency are going to be very very low and as regeneration is less effective when you use modern dead ligands on the other hand just look into these two bidentate ligands are there very similar to this one except its chelation is there and in this case two ligands are there here and two ligands are there bidentate ligand again in the 18 electron species so before we use it for catalysis we have to dissociate two bonds and when we dissociate two bonds what happens still to donor atoms in close vicinity of the metal center they are like dangling dangling and not going away from the metal center and they are continuously making efforts to come back to the metal to establish this chelation in that process what happens when this catalytic process is over initial oxidative addition and the retroalumination is over what happens they are still in the close vicinity and they are making an attempt they will come back and once they come back this catalyst can be regenerated very easily because it does not require much energy to bring back them to establish the bond this is the advantage of bidentate ligands regeneration is very effective on the other hand due to some reason what happens this dangling phosphorus atoms getting oxidized then it becomes p o when it forms p o what happens now between the soft metal is their heart center is there and of course in the absence of any other better ligand what happens even there can be a soft hard interaction and this chelation is completed a chelate effect will ensures that even a heart center like oxygen that can establish a bond as a result again 18 electron species is generated in fact this 18 electron species is much more reactive is going to be much more reactive compared to the previous compound here because your dissociation will be very facile because we have to cleave a hard and soft combination not soft soft combination so that means due to some reason what happens a freed coordination site getting oxidized to generate a p o and then when the catalyst is regenerated having o bonds to metal then that becomes double effective because dissociation can happen within no time so that is the advantage of unsymmetrical or heterodyne functional ligands or having a combination of soft hard donor ligands in this context what happens all people who are generating or designing ligands give importance to make not symmetrical ligands but unsymmetrical ligands or having labile donor functionalities are also called hemilabile ligands so let us discuss more about these things in my next lecture until then have an excellent time reading chemistry.


it's been a lot stressing me out right now to think about. I am still catching up I guess. Did I need to reread these to talk about them? Probably not. Next up is another book that I despised. Well hello it's been a minute since I did a video that was bookish. I suppose an argument could be made that we love time is bookish but I'm not talking about the books. I am very much not talking about the books in those videos. Anyway so time for another catch-up session slash life update. The life update is that I have a new job. So that coincided that like dovetailed not nicely with Wheel of Time being a show that I decided I knew that I was going to be covering. So in September I was wrapping up my old job, prepping for my new job, going out of town for several days. So okay let's start over. So in September I was wrapping up my old job then once that job was over going out of town and then the day I got back from out of town I went to Universal Studios and then the very next day I started my new job and Wheel of Time had begun at the beginning of September so I was like trying to cover that while doing all these things and um it's been a lot. I knew it would be a lot um and I yeah it was just a lot and then I just got behind because then like when I did have a weekend free um I was just exhausted because like I hadn't given myself time actually to properly like recover um I haven't fully unpacked yet from my going out of town in September. I got behind on filming, I got behind on reading, I got behind on I haven't been as active in my discord, I've just been I've just been swamped. So I owe you an August wrap up because I did read books most of this stock to be perfectly honest is August because I did not read terribly much in September. I read the barest minimum of what I absolutely had to read for some kind of an obligation um and I still haven't finished a couple books that I I really really need to. So I just thought I'd do a quick video to catch up on all the reading I've done that I haven't told you about and to let you know why that's been behind and will for the foreseeable future be less can like I I'm hoping to develop a more steady routine and Wheel of Time is over now. I'm I'm not done with making my videos for Wheel of Time yet but I think by the time this goes up I will be done with that.  So like every Wheel of Time video like I have to watch the show obviously but I have to watch the show like extremely slowly so that I can like type out my notes as I go and often have to play back scenes um because I want to make sure that like the thing that I thought I saw I did see or like to catch the line like the way that it was phrased if I wanted to talk about that um so like an hour episode takes me like two hours to watch and then I have to like film the freaking video which is which is the part that probably takes the least amount of time um although filming anything where I live takes a million years because I I cannot tell you how much footage gets cut from me just sitting here and waiting for the sirens to stop or the backing up truck to stop beeping or the just traffic noises to stop it's a lot so like again like a 10 minute video there's probably like an hour of footage at least half of which is just me waiting for noise to desist and then editing editing the Wheel of Time videos takes forever because in addition to normally editing a video which takes some time it all videos take some time to edit but I have to pull all the screenshots and enter the all the screenshots and make sure they're like positioned correctly and timed correctly and that takes it and minimum like five hours so yeah that's been a lot it's been a fucking lot so we are in the midst of spooky season which is my favorite time of year um my favorite time of year for for food for clothing for reading for watching movies for everything and I have a massive October TBR which is what I'm filming after I filmed this which I've kind of sort of started on even though I hadn't yet wrapped up yet September and I still haven't wrapped up some books that I need to finish as I said before anyway yeah so with Wheel of Time being over me kind of like getting into the swing of things with my new job finally like just taking time to just like rest and relax from recovering from my traveling and all of that I have so many plans in October which is you know stressing me out right now to think about I'm going to see Hades Town for the fifth time I'm going to Disneyland for like Halloween times I'm having a friend over and we're going to see the up play and also going to Universal Studios we have blades and bodice rippers this month which we don't normally which we have to also dress up for which I kind of have sorted but I need to like fully sort that out and my brother's coming over and we're going to do like a whole like Halloween time fun festivities together which will just mean it'll be fun but it'll mean I have time or nothing else my new job I do work in the office um not 100% of the time but a lot of the time and so just the fact of that means that I have less time because just literally commuting and I live really really close to the office but at least an hour a day is the commute and then before I leave you know I have to like get ready in a way that I don't have to get ready you know if I'm working from home so like it's just like a ton of time they get sucked up by just the fact of getting to and from an office and then I'll just like feel slightly more drained by that because like after sitting and traffic when I get home I don't want to like do anything for a minute anyway I'm sure you all have jobs like you know what I mean but I'm just saying it's I didn't I was working 100% from home before so like now I'm working in a physical office so it means I have less time and I have to kind of like adjust to this readjust I did used to have an office job like a physically office job anyway yeah so it's still crazy times it's not all like oh we're all very relaxed now everything's back to normal it won't be back to normal I still post probably slightly less than I was for the time being maybe I can you know work up to more again in the new year or something but I am still catching up I guess but we're back to doing at least a bookish video so yay and I think I've rambled for long enough so maybe I should actually talk about the books that I read in August and September and forgive me but the top of this stack is August and it is now October so I will do my best to remember my thoughts and feelings about these books but it's been a minute so bear with me the first book that I read in August was antimatter blues which is the sequel to mickey seven by Edward Ashton and I like this as well I think I like mickey seven slightly better but I really really really liked mickey seven so that's not exactly like um an insult antimatter blues um a lot of people said they people were like poo pooing mickey seven and then saying antimatter blues is worse and I guess I agree that it's not quite as good as the first one but I really really liked this I don't understand what people are disliking about mickey seven I don't understand people so I'm a bad book reviewer I guess because like I'm not when I like a book it probably means that no one else likes it and if I hate a book it probably means that everyone else loves it so you should just like come to my channel to find out the opposite of what you should be thinking I don't know I really like both books so I'm glad I have them in the UK hard covers and y'all are crazy now as to the specifics of this book they are a little hazy if I'm honest but I remember really enjoying it and I remember thinking about how I was going to be telling people like what the heck why don't you like it this is so good but if we were gonna like go through the specifics of it right now um if if someone mentioned them to me I'm sure they would like spark something for me right now like I vaguely remember what happens in this book um and I remember thinking it was good so there you go there's my in-depth review um the next book I read was The Only One Left by Raleigh Sager this is my second Raleigh Sager book possibly my last Raleigh Sager book. The first Raleigh Sager book I read I hated so I only got this because book of the month and I love this cover and also like with thrillers um in particular I have often found that they were hit and miss so like if I read a thriller from an author and I dislike it I will possibly still give them a chance because there's plenty of like thrillers that I love and then other books by that same author I hate so if I had started with the one I hated then I never would have read the one that I really loved so I was like well I didn't like that one Raleigh Sager book but this one looks kind of cool maybe I like this one better and I did like this one better I did but I still didn't think it was very good and I think that like by the end it like really devolved into nonsense it had pretty good vibes it was pretty page turning as thrill it's just like the one job of a thriller I guess and it's not the worst thriller I've ever read I've read some much much worse thrillers this year but yeah I got this for the cover and it certainly did not live up to the cover I wouldn't like highly recommend this but I don't know like it was fine so if you've already got it or like or whatever like you know it was it was fine not like a rant review or anything else it was very very mid I suppose uh the next book I had originally intended to do a full rant review for but now it's been too long and I can't remember I wrote down some specifics but like my rage isn't fresh enough for me to like film a video that would do justice to my rage um that was my rage when I read this so Immortal by uh or Immortal Longings by Chloe Gong is a retelling of Anthony and Cleopatra by The Bard it was atrocious one of the worst books I've read this year I really wish I had had time to do the rant review because I'd always kind of cement something in my mind in the specifics I was ranting to my patients about it as I was reading it and sending egregious quotes everything about this was awful not least of which was the prose itself the story also was bad the world building was also bad this was awful I was terrible terrible terrible dang I really wish I'd had time to do the rant review I had I was livid so no I don't recommend this to anyone not Shakespeare fans not to not Shakespeare fans not to people who enjoy the written word this was terrible the first Chloe Gong book I read was um her debut and a dnf this is an adult book the others were YA this is so this is her adult debut and this reads exactly like YA it's like no different and it's terrible I think this is she's into I guess doing Shakespeare retellings um I think she should stop that's all I have to say about that next up is Hyperion which was a reread for me by Dan Simmons because my patients and I um are in theory reading the Hyperion Cantos although we were doing every other month and we've already like lost some people who are not enjoying it so we might give up on it we were taught we talked about doing this and I wanted to do it because I did want to finish the cantos because I had read the first two and that's where we're at the first two spoilers for the end of the stack also this I was supposed to read this I think in July and I finished it I don't know I don't know whatever yeah so I still like Hyperion I liked it less on reread and I'm currently one of the books I desperately need to finish for tomorrow is follow-up Hyperion even though I have read it before but it's been a minute and yeah definitely I'm not really liking how follow-up Hyperion that much I feel like this is why I didn't finish the cantos originally so I've kind of be okay with this not finishing it if I'm perfectly honest anyway Hyperion I think is still quite good and I still would recommend Hyperion to people but there are some things about the like science fiction aspects of these books that um drive me nuts because they make no sense and not in a like we haven't invented that yet kind of way like in the rules established by the book books doesn't make sense and it drives me really really really nuts and also Dan Simmons obsession with Keats is inexplicable and the way Dan Simmons writes like women and women's bodies and NSFW things is like not a fan anyway that's my glowing review I mean Hyperion I think was my one of my best books of the year the year that I first read it I think it's fallen from grace a little bit for me but Hyperion is definitely better than fall Hyperion next up was the buddy read for August yes for August an alchemy of masks and mirrors by Curtis Craddock and because Alan was originally supposed to buddy read this with me ages ago and forgot and he did already read this then he joined us um for our patron chat and for the most part Alan was very civil not not wholly civil because this is Alan we're talking about but for Nemesis behavior I think it was very very um very best behavior and and Alan and I discovered that we agree about lame is Rob so that was a pleasant surprise I didn't really like this book most of my patrons didn't really like this book Alan really likes this book but Alan by the end of our chat kind of forgave me I think is fair to say for not liking this book so I think that's progress and I think that should be celebrated but yeah I did not like this book I do not plan to read the second and third books I do still like this cover and it's not the worst book I've ever read but the prose was pretty pretty bad next is the other read-along that my patrons and I are doing which we're doing simultaneously with Hyperion flipping back and forth but if we give up on Hyperion then we can just read these and that is the hornblower books by um CS Forester I love love love love love the hornblower like the adaptations I've seen them many times I own the box set so that you know my patrons interested and so we're reading the books we're reading them in chronological order not publication order which we collectively suspect is why this first book isn't as fun to read because it does read a little bit like just these short bursts of story that are kind of like filling in some details that because uh he wrote like about later he started writing these books later in Horatio Hornblower's life and then went back and wrote essentially prequels about like the early years so if you start with the early years it kind of reads like someone's just like catching like oh remember when I mentioned he did this thing well here's like the full story of how he did that thing so it's not that fun as an intro reading experience for this series I can see what people recommend not reading them in in chronological order but the adaptations are in chronological order so it was interesting comparing and contrasting with the adaptations so yeah um I really enjoyed it that's that being said and I'm looking forward to reading the rest of the books and yeah yeah I'm I'm happy to be doing this and I get to picture yoan gruffin the entire time which is an added bonus next up we don't really need to talk about this but I reread before they were hanged on last argument of kings because Mara was reading them for the first time and she and I had our live chat if you missed it it's it's you know back a few and you know friendship saved she did not hate the first law did I need to reread these to talk about them probably not but you know I read so many books that I hate that I have to sprinkle in some first law just for my sanity so anyway enough said next is the witcher read along um the end of like the proper series um on chapter three podcast we got to lady of the lake um and in October we are concluding full-on concluding with season of storms this is my least favorite book in the witchers series and I've read them all except for season of storms I think this is also bethany's least favorite it is also the longest and it is also the ugliest in my opinion because look at how much purple there is like an obscene amount of purple so anyway um it's still very interesting as a book and the concepts that he plays with and I did I think I did enjoy him more the second time partially because I knew what to expect this time there's a lot to unpack with this book and with these books in general but I do think like it is narratively messy and could have been executed a little more smoothly is what I'll say about that next is a book that my patrons chose for me to read and vlog for them in august yep and that is the vanished birds by Simon Jimenez and I despised this book it was a very ranty vlog partly because I hated this book so much and partly because it was in the midst of me like like prepping like wrapping up a job starting a job traveling all this kind of thing so I was like quite stressed and tired and busy and oh yeah I'd just been doing the wheel of time videos um yeah so like I was not in a great mood to be honest but I don't think any mood would have made me favorably disposed towards this book which is terrible in my opinion just so bad so yeah see this is why I need to reread first law because I keep reading stuff like this then next is the September patron buddy read yes yes yeah these last three are the ones that I actually read in September so three books in September the patron buddy read is the house with good bones by teaking fisher this is my third teaking fisher my second adult teaking fisher because I read the baking one was my second one and I generally like that my first one was what moves the debt and I loved what moves the debt um it's been kind of downhill ever since I liked the banking one less than this or less than that and I like this less than both I think or maybe equal to the banking one although it's extremely different hard to compare um yeah this just like I just think this wasn't like terrible and where we haven't had our chat about it yet so I guess we'll see what other people think a lot of people really really love this for me I didn't find the characters terribly compelling and the story itself wasn't like engrossing or spooky enough for me to be like well the characters suck but like I'm into the story or the vibes or something because it was like a little bit more like cozier I suppose than what moves the debt because what moves the debt is like so atmospheric and creepy this isn't really that creepy I mean it's got some creep in it not enough for that to carry it for me and I think the strength of it for people who do like it is that they really like the character or characters and I don't maybe it was the narrator although I when I said that I hated the narrator a lot of people said they loved the narrator so I don't know tastes differ um I just the narrator is um I think the main character because the main character has like a sense of humor um like and I say that in terms of like a lot of like books will have characters that sometimes crack jokes but it's like a feature of this that the main character has a sense of humor like all caps TM and I don't think the jokes are that funny to begin with and then also I felt like the narrator of the audiobook didn't have any sense of comedic timing and like delivering the jokes that I already thought weren't that good and needed all the help they could get so all of that together I was just like I don't find this amusing or charming and the story itself isn't that great so I guess if the humor in this book works for you or you find it relatable then I can see why you'd like it but I don't and I didn't so I think that's what really what mainly broke it for me but again I don't I didn't hate it I was just like that was really mid so yeah I love the cover though and a lot of people like it so my sense of humor is very much not a majority sense of humor a lot of people like a lot of books that because of their humor and I'm always the one that's like I don't think this is funny so you might like it next up is another book that I had despised um actually the best book I read in September of the three was house with good bones it's all downhill from there so share cart by Emily Habek was my book of the month club and I picked it because I was just like this is so weird I initially like skipped over it um because like the very very short blurb was like oh I'm like newly married couple receives like a really receives like a really upsetting diagnosis and they like work through it and I was like oh it's gonna be like cancer it's gonna be you know that I don't want to read a book about like a married couple who's terminally ill and it's just sadness but I was like something possessed me to click on it because I think I just wanted to confirm I was like I want to know if I'm right I bet it's cancer and I clicked on it and they're like he's diagnosed with turning into a shark and I was like okay no that wasn't on my bingo card and so that was just so weird that I was like that has the potential to be brilliant if it like really leans into it and like is wild with the concept in a way that works like it that sounds like it has a high like high-risk high reward kind of situation where like that could be amazing could be ridiculous unfortunately it was ridiculous and like the book did not go I don't really know how to put it into words the book wasn't like very interesting or compelling to read and I also don't think that it knew what it wanted to do with this whole people turning into animals thing as like a medical diagnosis because I feel like the strength of that premise is like its metaphorical possibility and you could go really extreme with it but then you kind of have to have like a very kind of like heightened non-reality to the story if that makes sense like it has to be surreal it has to be you know pretty extreme I suppose um like really lean into the concept in a way that's like kind of wacky or like that's what will make it work but here it was like very like I guess magical realism about it and it took itself really really seriously but in a way that felt like I can't really take this seriously because he's turning into a fucking shark so I feel like for it to really work it would have had to have been like darkly humorous if that makes sense and it doesn't mean that the book ultimately has to be a big joke like it can have a serious like message but its tone should kind of like acknowledge the inherent absurdity of its premise if that makes sense so I just feel like this this idea still could work if it was handled by someone else with a better idea for like why they're gonna employ this metaphor at all because it has to be a metaphor right otherwise like someone turning into a shark being your story like there's no point to that story unless it's a metaphor for something and I'm not sure that it was a metaphor for something or at least not fully like thought through what that metaphor is um and it was really really long it would not end and the characters were like really kind of annoying in itself for one inconsistent I just feel like this book didn't know what it wanted to be and it frankly would have been better if like the diagnosis had been like Alzheimer's or something early onset Alzheimer's because that's functionally how it works in the story but I feel like a lot of the world building of the story it like was not thought through at all like forced euthanasia on people that turn into animals that won't like submit themselves to like living in a zoo basically I'm like I just don't feel like that would be the system maybe it would be but in that case I want the story about that that's what this book should be about but they just kind of like mentioned that as like oh that's background info for how this world works and I'm like I don't care about these characters I am interested in why you think that's how the world would work and wouldn't people feel some kind of way about that but again I just don't think this book was fully thought through and then the book they chose for me to read in vlog in September was God killer by Hannah Caner or Caner and I got this from Waterstones when it came out in the UK in like a year ago it's only just now come out in the US and this was terrible pros terrible world building terrible characters terrible plotting and story terrible I hated it I hated it a lot it was really really dumb and for such a short book it felt like it took forever yeah I do not recommend this cover is stunning the book side not so much unless we want to say that it's stunningly bad in which case I will co-side oh I mean I obviously talked about it in the vlog for my patients but we also talked about it on chapter 3 podcast and then quickly I guess I technically read this in October um but I'm just lumping it with September I just read Sleepy Hollow not the whole collection this is Sleepy Hollow and other stories by Washington Irving I just read Sleepy Hollow because of the project I'm working on that I needed to read it for um this was a reread I read it in college the first time it's super short yeah so this too and then I am currently in the midst of Fall of Hyperion not loving it need to finish this before tomorrow and I'm still reading Lightbringer I haven't finished it yet I will I will I will I will and those are all the books that I've read in in my absence in the interim since you last heard from me about books let me know in the comments down below if you're still alive um I've been what you've been reading if you read these if you were planning to and now you won't because I talked you out of it oh and everyone let me know I post videos I usually say on Saturdays but that is definitely not been true lately so I post videos I can say that with certainty so yep like and subscribe if you want to catch them when they drop join my patreon if you feel so inclined and I'll see you when I see you bye


What is going on everybody, Estas here and in this video we're going to be doing an overall market update. Taking a look at the Dow Jones, the S&P 500 and the Nasdaq. We're also going to be doing a trading update talking about what I did today in the markets as well as some stocks and ETFs that I'm watching and looking to trade right now in the middle of December of 2019. And as you guys read in the title, there is one stock that I bought today that I want to go over and break down on a technical basis. And I do want to also go over some news regarding the FOMC meeting, the Federal Reserve regarding the interest rates. And of course, we're going to break down natural gas. Talk about some weather here ahead of the report that does come out tomorrow. So before we do get into all this good stuff, all I ask from you is if you enjoy this video, you find value from this video, go down below, hit that like button and consider subscribing if you want to see further content from me. And I want to challenge you guys. I haven't done a like challenge in a long time. Can we get 150 likes? That's a bit ambitious. But can we get 150 likes? Let's see. So go hit that like and also join our StriveSmart Facebook group and our StriveSmart Discord group chat. Link down below if you want to be further connected with our community. So let's get into it starting off here with the S&P 500. This thing is currently up $7.57 right now, up 0.24% with about 15 minutes left in the markets today. And we actually had some pretty choppy action in this market today, guys. If we pull up this one day, one minute, you can see exactly what I'm talking about, right? We gapped up, saw a pretty aggressive bull push this morning, ultimately sold off aggressively for a couple of hours after that and then pretty much once that FOMC meeting started, you know, the S&P and the markets in general have been coming up like crazy. We went from $31.33 up to around $31.43. I guess that's not crazy, but still, it's a pretty decent swing here. And again, the markets were really, really choppy today. And it seems like one thing that is good for these markets on a technical basis is the fact that we're breaking out of this downtrend. If you guys remember, over the past couple of days, there's been a lot of tension in the markets on certainty and that's why the markets have been coming down due to the trade war deadline that is on December 15. And on December 15th, $160, $165 billion, something like that, worth of tariffs, they're supposed to go into effect. And in my opinion, if they go into effect, the markets will tank. But a lot of us, probably 90% of us out there could agree that they're going to be delayed. And if they are delayed, which again, I think they are, a bunch of you guys agree with me probably, that they will be, I think these markets will continue to push up here. And if we drag out a bit further back to that hourly chart, you can see the break of the pattern even better. So three straight days of red, or actually, was this three, I guess you can say it was two straight days of red, but we kind of descended on this day on the 6th of December as well. So two three days of red. But now we're finally looking to close a day green up a quarter percent again here on the S&P 500. So that is pretty good. So let's talk about very quickly some news regarding the Federal Reserve and these interest rates. Mr. Powell has indicated there is a very high bar for the Fed to reverse any of its recent cuts by raising rates. And officials have indicated that they still see risks of weaker than expected growth in the economy in the months ahead. This means that while officials are comfortable leaving rates on hold, they are still more likely to cut them than to raise them. Mr. Powell has said the economic outlook would need to weaken materially for the Fed to consider lowering rates further. His press conference is the most likely venue for any cues about whether this has changed. But recent data, including soft manufacturing activity but strong hiring, offer little reason for him to recast this message. And if you guys don't know right now, the federal funds rate is between 1.5 to 1.75 percent. And the interest rates have been cut in the past three meetings. So the federal funds rate was about 2.5 percent, I believe, one year ago. And again, right now it's between that 1.5. I think it's actually closer to that 1.75 level. And if you guys saw the Fed meeting today and kind of the announcement, the Fed's really not looking to decrease the rates further here in 2020. Because again, we had three rate hikes or rather rate decreases in the past three meetings, obviously, right? And now he's looking to be a bit more stable with the rates, which Trump at the end of the day hates. Because we all know Trump goes on Twitter. He always calls out Jerome Powell about slashing. He wants him to slash, slash, slash the rates and be more aggressive with it. So I'm sure he's not liking this decision too much, but in the near future, we don't really see any rate cuts coming, which shows that this economy might be a bit more stable than we think, right? So let me know in the comments what you guys think about that. Now let's talk about the Dow very quickly. This thing's not really doing much at all. Right now, down about 0.01%, down $4.15, really no movement whatsoever. But if we go to this five-day, five-minute, just like the S&P, we're trying to break out of this downtrend that we've been on over the past two to three days. And it seems like we are doing that as we're breaking above this resistance. We broke the 50 S&P, and it seems like we're trying to close above this 180 S&P. Now we're kind of pushing a bit. If you can see that, up 17 points, close to 0.1% in the green. So with this strong push, if we close strong, which we probably will hear, that's a pretty bullish close, in my opinion, for the Dow Jones. But remember, the hourly chart still doesn't look good, but we're trending above the moving averages, both the 180 and the 50. We held that 50 today at a higher or low. So although the overall picture doesn't look great, if we zoom in a little bit and kind of look at the past couple of days, it does seem like the Dow and the S&P, and honestly, the markets in general, they're slowly recovering from this fallout. But this could completely blow itself up, again, if those tariffs go into effect. So watch the tariffs. If they get delayed, in my opinion, there's going to be another all-time high in the stock market. So let's take a look at the Nasdaq. This one's currently up 40 points right now, up 0.45%, doing the best out of the three major indexes that I track here on this channel. And if we zoom in a bit on the five-day-five-minute, you can see a clear break of trend on the Nasdaq. We had a couple of red days, as you guys saw in the Dow and the S&P, but ever since that bottoming out point at around, what was that, the 10th of December, ever since then it seems like we've broken out of moving averages, both the 180 and the 50 S&P, and we've been slowly making those higher lows, and we just pushed to a higher high here after the FOMC meeting. So this is an extremely bullish close in the Nasdaq, and if we pull up that hourly chart, you can see we're actually trending above all moving averages on this chart as well, just like the Dow Jones, and let me double-check the S&P. So yeah, all these markets at this point, S&P, Dow, Nasdaq, they're looking pretty bullish based on this close and based on the action in general in today's session. So let me know down below what are your thoughts on that. Now, let's talk about what I did today and what stock I'm buying right now. So I ended up buying a little bit of PayPal today, ticker symbol PYPL, and this kind of looks like a similar pattern to the S&P, right? If we pull the S&P up on a smaller scale, we were down trending for a couple of days, and now we're breaking out. Going back to PayPal, that's exactly what we're seeing. We were down trending for a couple of more days than the S&P. It was about a week, week and a half, and now we're breaking out of that down trend, which is very attractive in my personal opinion, and obviously it led to me taking a position, an initial position in PayPal this morning, right? Really, it wasn't this morning? No, it was not this morning. It was more towards, you know, yeah, I guess you could say it was this morning because it was right around 10.30. More towards noon is where I started building the bulkier size of my position. So I took, I think, three different positions here on PayPal. So I ended up getting in initially at around 10.30 a.m., right around 1.04.20, and this is mostly because, again, we're breaking that down trend. This is a straight breakout, straight shoot breakout on PayPal. Breaking the moving averages, it's looking extremely bullish, right? So that prompted me, initial position, 10.30, right around here. We spiked up, right? Pulled down, added a little bit more. Again, the bulkier size of my position was right here, bought two individual times. Now I'm in and just holding at this point, right? And I plan on holding this one until we get to that resistance at around, I believe, $110 or rather $108, and above that is the 111.10 area. So right now, I'm in PayPal. I do have a bit of buffer built into the position, which means I have some cushions since you can clearly see this thing has ran up like crazy ever since I've gotten into the position, right? So average cost right around here right now, I think I'm up, like, close to a percent, 1%, and this is not meant to be a day trade. Sure, I can end up taking my profits here if I wanted to, but again, looking on that hourly chart and what I've been talking about with PayPal here over the past couple of videos, I see this being extremely bullish, especially on the four hour chart since we held that 180 SMA at a higher low, and it seems like we're just overall continuing the uptrend that we've been on. So first sell, again, about $108. So from where I'm in right now up to $108, that could be around 3 to about a 3.5% potential for profit, right? Up above that, up to about $112. Who knows, I might scale out at $108, and if we get a pop above $108, I might hold some shares and sell the rest at $112. That's kind of what I'm thinking at this point, but again, we'll play it by ear based on what ends up happening. But let's say it does get to $112, that's going to be around a 6 to 7% profit on PayPal. So all I really did today, guys, is buy some PayPal a couple of different times and no day trading for me. Like I've mentioned in these videos, I've been a bit more cautious, a bit more selective with what stocks I'm buying, where I'm putting my money, because of this tariff situation and this deadline coming up here in a couple of days. I believe the deadline is on Sunday, this Sunday in about 3-4 days from now. So very important in my eyes to be cautious around time periods like this, and you don't have to be cautious because I'm being cautious, but I'm just a bit more conservative than a lot more people out there, which is why I'm just simply sitting on a lot of cash waiting to add more in certain swings like I've mentioned once they confirm and once we get some more detail, whether these tariffs are going to get delayed or they're actually going into effect. So let's break down U-Gas, D-Gas, Natural Gas. Let's see what ended up going down in that space today, pulling up NGF 20 first and foremost. You guys can see, oops, there's an extra slash in there. You guys can see this went down about 0.8% today, heading into the report tomorrow, down almost 2 cents here, nearing the close of the stock market in about 2 minutes. And today's price action, if I'm being brutally honest with you all and you can probably see it for yourselves, this is not looking too good for U-Gas, right? This is favoring D-Gas and it's because it seems like we're getting rejected yet again under that 50 SMA at a lower high and it seems like we want to maybe push down and fill the gap back down to maybe 220, maybe down to 215. And who knows, if we get a bad bearish report tomorrow, a bearish report for Natural Gas, this could very well happen tomorrow, Friday, maybe even over the weekend, right, that low or low. And from there, we'd obviously end up reevaluating the situation and kind of seeing what we would do from there. But the way the technicals are looking and the way things are setting up, heading into tomorrow, guys, I would lie to you, I would be lying to you if I said this is looking good for U-Gas, right? And D-Gas, I've been mentioning this in these videos. That's the one I'm favoring and I've been favoring over the past couple of weeks here, but we'll take a look at some weather in a minute or two that could end up fluctuating what happens in the near term in terms of U-Gas and D-Gas. So let's pull up U-Gas, UGAZ. This one went down 25 cents today, down about 3%. Seems like just like Natural Gas, we are seeing rejection resistance under that 50 SMA looking like it is trying to make that lower high. So that's not a good sign. And I'm looking to see, again, what the report's going to be like tomorrow that could fluctuate this up or down very, very aggressively. And if we pull up D-Gas here, guys, ticker symbol DGAZ, you can see how much more bullish this is looking like and the bullish close that we just saw here heading into the close of the market. Up $5 today, up 2.9%. We held a higher low on top of that EMA. We're also maintaining that EMA or rather that 50 SMA as a support and the general $170 area. So I'm thinking tomorrow, again, if those NG contracts dump, I'm thinking $180. Anything above that could be breakout area, breakout zone for D-Gas where it could even run back up to $200, which it did a couple of months ago. If you guys are looking at the price action here. So overall, in terms of D-Gas, those are kind of some thoughts that are going through my head right now in terms of technicals. D-Gas does look a lot better, but let's talk about some weather here that could impact some future natural gas reports and maybe fluctuate U-Gas to the upside here. So from December 11th through the 17th, a strong cold shot will sweep impact the Midwest and Northeast into Thursday with chilly lows of negative 20s to 20s for strong demand. It's also a bit cooler across Texas and the South as a second cool front pushes through with highs of 40s and to lower 60s. High pressure will quickly build across the U.S. Friday through Saturday with highs of 40s to 70s for a swing back to light national demand. Although increasing again early next week as cooling returns across many regions of the U.S., cold is across the Midwest and Northeast as lows of zeroes to 20s return. Overall demand will be high today, moderate this weekend, and back to high early next week. So we all know at this point the natural gas storage reports, they're actually behind a week. So the data we're going to get tomorrow is going to be not for this week we're in right now, but the previous week, so it's delayed by one week. So the weather that we're seeing in these next couple of days, we might not see that in the natural gas inventory report for maybe two weeks from now. So that's the kind of weather that could end up stimulating some demand here for natural gas and thus pushing the prices up, which would in turn bring some potential to U-Gas. So those are some thoughts to consider here heading into maybe the next two weeks reports and kind of over these next couple of days in terms of the weather. So let me know your thoughts about that down below in the comment section. Now let's talk about very quickly some other stocks and ETFs that I'm watching and that I've been getting a bunch of questions on, starting off here with NEO ticker symbol N-I-O. And NEO in my opinion is looking bullish and the price action today, the fact that we closed above this 50 SMA at a higher low from the previous, that is a pretty bullish close and a good sign in my opinion as well. Now all I want to see from NEO is, yep, you guessed it, a break above 230 which is the resistance that was a support from a couple of days ago, right? And I want to see a break above that 180 SMA. So if we get into 230, I think that's a straight shot to 240 and I've said this in many videos and in the group chat from 240, I can see it going up to $2.70 and maybe even beyond if we get above that level. But for now I'm looking at 240 and then 270, actually 230 first, then 240. Once we break those levels, 270 is within reach. Another stock I'm watching here is NVIDIA guys and like I mentioned in yesterday's video, I want to see a break above $2 or rather $220 for this stock before I end up nibbling a position and quite frankly I want to see it hold 220 as a support maybe for a couple of days, maybe a week before I enter into the position and why do I like 220 that level a lot? Because that is the next major resistance that we're seeing and if we break that level, there's a huge gap where a swing trader like myself could make a pretty nice chunk of money, right? So from 220 up to 250, that's around or rather 240, which is the first level, that's around a 9% potential for profit and from there up to 250, that's around 13%. And waiting for that 220 break, that's going to give me the cue to start a position and hopefully we get consolidation and then a pop from there to add even more to the position. So NVIDIA, I'm liking this one. Shopify is another one that closed pretty bullish. In my opinion today, we saw the break above 370 and that close above 370 is what I've been waiting for. So if we pull up that 4-hour chart like I've been saying and like I've been waiting for, 370 is what we need to hold before we get to that next major level of resistance, which is around 390 to 400 bucks and then around 410 bucks. So this is a good sign but not too good of a sign or not enough of a sign, enough of a confirmation for me to get in quite yet, but it is a good sign for now. Tomorrow, let's say we gap up aggressively. Let's say we spike out like that, maybe try to get back to 380. That could be a bullish move that could initiate or allow me to initiate a position. Then a break above 380 would be where I'd add even more money. So Shopify, that's my thoughts on that HD today sold off a bit pre-market. Actually, the whole day is sold off down $3.90 down about 2%. So that's not looking too good because that pretty much solidifies this lower high under that 50 SMA. That solidifies that we didn't break out. So that's a pretty bearish sign here on Home Depot but that's not discouraging me. I'm still watching it being patient because when that opportunity presents itself and I think it will eventually, once we break above that 50 SMA, that's where I'm looking to add money into Home Depot. So overall, those are a couple of stocks that come in my head right now that I'm really watching and interested in trading. Oh my goodness, I almost forgot. ATV is another one that's looking extremely bullish today, very bullish. And the fact that we closed above 5640, 5650 or the fact that we closed near that level, that gives me some hope because what I need to see here for a position, for me to take a position, is I need to see ATV break $57 here because like in video, there's a lot of potential for ATV if it breaks the major resistance that it's at. You guys can see from 56, 57, roughly where we are right now, up to the next level of resistance at around $63, that's about a 10% potential for profit on ATV. And the truth is guys, I'm already invested in Activision Blizzard but I'm not holding it or rather, I didn't get in quite yet in my swing account. So overall, I'm still long on ATV, right? But I'm waiting to get a swing position built in my swing account. I figured to let you guys know that why not, right? So overall, that is my thoughts on the markets, stocks and ETFs I'm watching. Hope you all enjoyed this video. If you did, feel free to go down below, hit that like button, and consider subscribing if you want to see further content from me. And if you're interested in Webull and you want two free stocks, absolutely free, valued up to 1400 bucks, I have a link down below where if you click that, sign up, put $100 into the account, you get two free stocks and I also get one free stock for you signing up through my link just being completely transparent. So if you want that free money, that's linked down below. I'll catch you all in the next video. Thanks again for watching, as always, peace out.


Okay, so now we can just enter the journal entry. So I'm going to go back to to the QuickBooks. Let's go back on over back on over. And so now what I need to do then is record the the interest that has been accrued. I'm going to make a new liability account, which could be called accrued interest or interest payable. And then the other side is going to be going to interest expense. Now I could do that with a journal entry. If I hit the plus button, we can make a journal entry, but there's only two accounts affected. So I could do that journal entry instead of with like a debit and credit format. We could do this in terms of the ledger journal entry, which will still see the debits and credits, but but use that format. So I'll do that tab to the left. And I'm going to go down to the chart of accounts. So I'm going to go down to my my know the accounting accounting and then the chart of accounts. If you're in the business view, by the way, going to the business view, the chart of accounts is under the bookkeeping on the left hand side. And then the chart of accounts. And you have to hit that to see it if you're in the sample company. Okay, so I'm going to close this up. Now the first thing we need to do is enter an interest payable account because I don't think they have one. I'll double check down here. So we got other current assets loan payable. So okay, so I don't think so. So I'm going to say, let's go up top and say new button. And it's going to be a liability type of account. It's going to be an other current liability, other current liability and tax form loan. I'm just call it loan payable. I'm not I again, I'm not really concerned with the tax line at this point because I'm not going to import it directly into tax software. I don't think that's efficiently done at this point in time. And then the name is going to be it's going to be you could call it accrued interest. I like to call it interest payable, which may not sound quite as sophisticated, but the payable, I think more clearly says, Hey, this is a liability kind of account to me than saying accrued something accrued, meaning accumulated interest, you know, that hasn't been paid or whatever. So I'm going to say, let's save it. Now I could, I could do the adjusting entry. Now the two accounts that are impacted are an expense account, which doesn't have a register. So I can't use that account if I want to use the register or a balance sheet account, which does have a register. So if I'm going to use the register, I got to find that interest payable, which is an other current liability that I just put in place here. So let's see, where is it? There it is. There it is. Let's open the register with it, register. And then I'm just going to hit the dropdown. I'm going to make a journal entry, but do it into the register. And it's going to be as of the end of the cutoff date. All of them are going to be 022823 cutoff date. I'll keep that the name is fine or the numbers fine. And I'm going to put in the memo adjusting entry. And I might want to put like more than that in the memo. Hey, let's say a DJ to explain exactly what I'm doing. But at the very least, I want to say, Hey, look, this is an adjusting entry, especially in any time, whether I'm doing it and I'm doing the bookkeeping, or if I'm like an accountant doing the adjusting entries and trying to work with a bookkeeper, because I want to, when I'm looking at it from the bookkeeper's perspective, see what someone did as an adjusting entry versus what was done from the bookkeeping side of things. I can see that a couple of different ways. One, it's going to be entered with a journal entry, which is an indication that it's an adjusting entry. It's going to be entered as of the end of the period, which is an indication that it's an adjusting entry. And I'm going to put it in the memo. All right. And then I'm going to say this is 72.92 increase over here. And the other side is going to go to interest expense, interest expense. I'm going to pick that up. Boom. All right. I think that is it. So let's save it and close it over here. Let's save it and close it.


Meanwhile, I made a friend, guys. Yeah, isn't he great? What would we name this, my new friend? Okay, I'll take it back. Hi, my name is Valentina. You're watching The Bounce. At The Bounce 2-5-4 on Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. The hashtag is Bounce Nation. Help me introduce my next set of very amazing guests. Hi, guys. Hi. You're all very impressive. Thank you. You have more hair on your jean than more people have in their lives everywhere else. Yeah, 11 years. 11 years locked. Yes, yeah. That's a relationship. Since 2007. Ah, okay. Mommy, you look fantastic. First of all, I like your haircuts. Hey, aunty. Wait, wait, wait, wait. There's something written here. What is it? My name. Ha! Aunty, swag. How did you even see it? I was still stuck on the earrings and everything. Just do this with your wrists that they can see all the bling. Yeah, she has more bling than me. And it's so beaded and beautiful. But we're in Kenya, right? Yes. So these are Kenyans. It looks good on you. I have one I give from Sudan and one I give from my mother and the rest is mostly Kenyans. Oh, wow. Welcome to the show. Thank you. This is your song that we have just played. Yes. Tell us a little bit about it. A Kokoriko song is a song about the children.  So when all of us were children, there were some songs that we used to sing when we were young. Even now the young ones, they have their songs they sing. But these songs, it's a continuation. Therefore, we have songs that's a continuation but still they remain. They can change the style but songs still remain. Like you can feel the roots. Yes, the children. The children. Because like now this song, if I sing, you know, this was a girl's song. The girls used to sing. Then I'm going to the river because I'm taking their cows. Then I want to join them because the girls are singing. I want to join them. Then what I do, I bribe them by fetching them firewood so that I get this chance too. Oh. Yes, that's how it is. That's why I had to sing this song after many years thinking how I passed through joining the girls on the song. Just a minute. Would you like to give me a sample of your voice? I'd really like to hear what you sound like from the first. Yes.              So this fantastic piece of work was made by this lovely lady and she has MORE! Can we please see it? Would you please hold the mic up for us as she talks so that she can show us yes, as she demonstrates? Yeah, this is a picture of it's a painting that he's homestayed in Iqusi. Um-huh. You're from Iqusi, Rastaman? Not Jamaica, Kingston? Yes, I'm from Iqusi but I've stayed in the coast always I have all my life. Wow. Yes, so I'm cosmopolitan. Cosmopolitan? Yeah, and I say cosmopolitan. Can I say, because we're polluted?  I make a lot of mistakes.  Working on the mototos, whatotos. And then this was one of our neighbors, who I thought was particularly beautiful, putting her child on her back. Yeah, so that's. Such detail. Yeah. This is the recent things. Yeah, the owner, the camel, and his jaw dropped. He had no idea someone could draw his camel. And then I asked him, what's the name? Because I realized that the camels all have names. And so anyway, so he told me it's Charlie Brown. He was fancy, though, for a camel. But Nisawa. He always wears a hat. Yeah. Yeah, it's because during the festive season, then they were making Christmas hats. For the camel. Yeah, for the camels. They were hats. See the beach, they gave rides to children on the camels, you know. And camels are very funny, because you called their names, they turn like this. OK, all right. They turn, they call. They turn, yeah. Yes. Could you help me maybe get that book, so we can demonstrate her prowess somewhere else. So many years ago. Maybe give each other a little bit of space. To visit the School for the Deaf in Uganda. And I saw the children sitting on the floor looking at women's magazines from Europe. And I'm like, this has nothing to do with their lives. Where are the children's books? And there were none. So I started a project. I was at McCarrie School of Fine Art. I started a project and found that the children liked everything I drew, so then I did a story about a little girl who's deaf. Oh, wow. At that time, they had this kind of like a little, if you could hear something, you get a little hearing aid in your pocket. Now they have them behind their ears. They're different. Anyway, she's the little deaf girl that could hear a little bit. And then she's with her mom and her auntie going to the, going to get ready to go home to the village. So these are wearing the basoutis in Uganda, going to the bus. Wow, you've been to Uganda? Yes, I live more in Uganda than Kenya. Now I'm in Kenya, but I still live here. Oh, you're Tia Nyabo. Volundi Nyabo. Hey. So they're just showing the children on the bus and buying the ticket. There used to be a ticket machine. Kiddogo, I think we still have those ones. I'm wondering if they should be in the museum. But there's no, but there's no museum. Kenya needs a museum. So it just goes on through the, they go, you know, start about the bus, be careful. This goes jerking and don't fall off. And then there's the tall buildings. And the bus is very small, next to the tall building. So in different perspectives. Wow. And then it goes out of town. You're very patient. Goes to the village.  And then they go through the country and the cows. Then they get a flat tire. She looks under the bus to see what's going on. So I want to show different aspects of the bus. Yeah. The bus is the constant here. And then they go through the jungle. And there's different animals, owl, monkey, lizard, snake. I don't know, you know, in Africa, we have many hyenas. No, there's no hyenas in this community. The reality is, you know, if you say there are hyenas, a hyena is in the forest. OK, a snake can be sour, but if you see a snake, you run away. The hyenas, well, a hyena is not patient just to wait you. You know, they want to, that's the key. So she cannot try to draw the hyena simply because the hyena is not domestic. But the Kenyan ones are very dosed. I love that. All right, thank you so very much for your hard work. So you're going to release more songs for us, yes? Oh, yeah, yeah, yeah. Do we have a date, like a standby date, where we should? Coming week, we are going to have a gospel song, Focusing Jerusalem, it's a very great song that's multi-religious and diversity. You know, once I say multi, you say I'm supposed to say multi. Yeah, it's true, because now that we're on DSTV, we don't say multi, we say multi-choice. Yeah, multi-choice. Because she's a teacher, she teaches me. I see, we're never too old to learn. Yeah, we're never too old, yeah. Where do we find our social media as we live? All right, Coco de Taproot. Coco de Taproot. K-O-K-O, specific D-E, then Taproot. This is the Taproot. 11 years, so patience. Then it's called the Taproot takes on the depths, the energy from the depths to the ground. So I was called, I used to be called King Coco Bee. Then I decided I would no longer stay in the kingdom, but rather go to the fields of justice to serve. Then now I'm Coco de Taproot, going to the depths to bring the energy into perspective. Wow, but are you on social media or we can find it the same place? I'm with him in the songs, in that same one. And myself, I have Facebook, Tali, Saxton. Yeah, that's when it was really active, yeah. So we are going to follow. These people are way too interesting to not follow them. Okay, guys. And then bounce to 5.4 on Facebook, Instagram, and to the hashtag, it's bounce nation. Please don't go anywhere. Thank you.


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Welcome back. So, now we consider another problem with turbine and slightly more generic. Let me just read out the problem to you. Steam is supplied to a turbine with H i that is inlet enthalpy is equal to 3.2 mega joule per kg and it leaves with H e equal to 2.5 mega joule per kg. The entrance and exit velocities are 170 meters per second and 280 meters per second respectively. The heat loss is 50 kilo joule per kg. What is the work done? Now you realize that the mass flow rate has not been given. So, what we will do is we will find out the work done per kilogram basis and we just go ahead and write down the first law for steady systems again and let me write this down again.  Now you notice that for H e and H i the numbers given are 3.2 mega joule per kg for H i which is in kilo joule per kg preferably written as 3200 kilo joule per kg where H e is 2.5 mega joules per kg which can be written as 2500 kilo joule per kg and you notice that these are numbers which I had mentioned in the previous snippet roughly around 3200, 3300, 3400 kilo joule per kg is a typical inlet to turbines and at the exit you can expect anywhere between 2500 to 2600 kilo joule per kg. So, these are typical numbers of course you know if the turbine had an inlet at much lesser pressures you would have much lower numbers here, but still the numbers would have been around 2900 or so. Now you notice what is being said about v e now v e we realize has been written down as 280 meters per second v e is 280 meters per second. Notice what we had mentioned in our previous snippet that only when you start getting velocities around 300 that is much more than 100 meters per second do those kinetic energy terms start getting significant. Now 280 meters per second is reasonably significant. So, if we calculate v e squared by 2 this will turn out to be 39200 joule per kg which is equal to 39.2 kilo joule per kg and if I look at vi, vi is also reasonably high it is around 170 meters per second. So, vi squared by 2 is equal to which you can see is still around 14.45 kilo joule per kg this is significant any number which is reasonably above 1 kilo joule per kg we will consider as reasonably significant. What has been mentioned about z e and z i nothing. So, we can make an assumption. So, let me put this down as assumption is nearly equal to 0. What about q dot? Now it seems like the turbine is not adiabatic and q dot is of the order of 50 kilo joule per kg and if you look at the delta H which is around 700 kilo joule per kg you realize that 50 is not a negligible number and definitely one must consider it. So, now we have all the numbers we do not have m dot here, but we will write down I mean we have actually been given q dot by m dot this has been provided. So, let me just write down the equation in terms of q dot by m dot and W s dot by m dot by just dividing the whole equation by m dot let us see how it turns out. So, we have the first law written as q dot by m dot this is because we have divided the entire equation by m dot the right hand side is no m dot it just has h e minus h i plus v e squared by 2 minus v i squared by 2 I am no longer writing down the potential energy term. So, we want W dot s. So, we just put everything else to the right we write W dot s by m dot is equal to q dot by m dot minus h e minus h i minus v e squared by 2 minus v i squared by 2. So, you realize that this number it is a negative number because you are losing heat this is minus 50 kilo joule per kg the units are correct h e minus h i we realize is 2500 minus 3200 units are correct it is kilo joule per kg minus v e squared by 2 is 39.2 kilo joule per kg minus v i squared by 2 is 14.45 kilo joule per kg. So, you realize this is equal to minus 50 this is a negative number and it turns out negative and negative this is positive plus 700 and we have minus 24.75 and all have the same units this is kilo joule per kg and we get this finally has 625.25 kilo joule per kg. So, this is W dot s by m dot it is specific work output from the turbine of the order of 625.25 kilo joule per kg. So, here we have neglected the potential energy term, but we have included the kinetic energy term specifically because they were reasonably big any velocity above 100 meters per second will lead to reasonably significant kinetic energy terms and the q dot was also not negligible there was a heat loss of 50 kilo joule per kg. So, that was a reasonably high number. So, we have now considered a slightly more general problem of course, in normal turbines you would not see such high velocities at inlet and exit, but it is worthwhile to consider if such a case exist and ensure that we do not neglect terms which cannot be neglected. So, next we will consider a slightly more generic problem that is it for now. Thank you.


So, hea aha te mea nui o te ao, hea waiata, hea waiata, hea waiata tohu pātai. I have just, appropriately deconstructed perhaps one of our most famous whakatauki, and then because I work in the creative arts and industries, I have creatively reconstructed it to suggest that perhaps the most important thing is singing, singing, singing. Good afternoon, I'm Teotia and I'm a singing addict. I love singing in all its forms. I love singing as a verb and a gerund. I love all the diverse ways that can impact people's quality of life from cradle to grave, and today I would like to briefly introduce you to the Singing Communities Project, which is a portfolio of research studies that I've been involved with emerging from the areas of vocal performance and choral studies, and give you a snapshot of my current project, which looks at the status of singing in primary schools and shows you an extract from the potential intervention model in practice. Singing activities feature prominently in a wealth of recent international studies into the neurosciences and music, into physical and psychological health and well-being, social school development, which my colleague has talked about, and social inclusion, and cognitive development. Community performance sites are providing musical contexts for the creation of healing interventions in the area of population health, and I use this as an example, not one of my research projects, but the Celebration Choir. I like to roll that out at all possible moments. It's a fantastic project from the Centre of Brain Research, headed by my very dear colleague, Professor Suzanne Purdy, with music therapist Alison Tamage and Sharon Story. However, we also have something similar in the Waikatoa at the moment in progress, Music Movesy Trust, which is singing, working with dementia patients. Community performance sites are also locations that can help communities counter the effects of diaspora and colonisation by sustaining languages and cultural knowledge through music-making, and I give it as an example there. Nikai was involved with Tuvalu Pacific Project, and we treated music as a biocultural music resource, and it was archival in that we digitalised all of their Tuvalu Amida archive, because it's really an apportioned representation of old songs in Tuvalu, and then of course decolonising the Māori voice. That's about partnerships with kapa haka groups, working towards the Matatini and talking about vocal health, and redefining rehearsing and what that might look like when you're going through what they call a campaign. In this project, the impact of singing extends into the learning cultures of universities and schools. Partnerships between practice-based singing researchers, performers like myself, and music educators are producing future teachers who think both as music constructors and critical cultural workers. This partnership has the potential to support the quality and quantity of music practice, in particular singing in New Zealand primary schools. Why is this important? Well, we know singing can impact people's lives in a very positive way. This stage of a child's learning experience is a critical moment in the development of a student's attitude to music, future opinion about music and participation in music. I'll add to that because I'm sure many of you may have had bad experiences in dance, but probably many more of you have had more experiences about your voice. And this is a really important stage for self-actualisation about your own singing ability, what that looks like and what that means. So, this brings us to the state of singing in primary schools. Rather than entering the debate on the benefits and effectiveness of an arts integrated curriculum, this programme sought to investigate how to improve singing cultures in primary schools. To do this, we undertook a national survey to understand the challenges primary schools face in creating, maintaining and sustaining music programmes and singing activities in the current New Zealand educational context. Central findings have allowed the researchers in the School of Music to empathise with the teachers, and this has allowed us to begin the process of creating meaningful and sustainable solutions. With this in mind, the findings have been contextualised within the international literature, and the most part are lined with international trends in music education, however there were two areas quite interesting, I think for us as tertiary teachers and researchers. There was a passionate discussion about the problems of an overcrowded curriculum at a primary school level, an issue that has created primary school teachers see, a generation of children that struggle to commit to this area, curriculum or non-curriculum, and have difficulty absorbing skills and knowledge beyond a superficial level of understanding, which I think filters up, certainly we find that in School of Music, it filters upwards to the tertiary level. Also another passionate discussion, and I'm full of literacy and numeracy people in this room, schools directing funds, resources and professional development away from the arts curriculum, many primary schools teachers found that deeply disappointing when increasingly empirical evidence shows that involvement with the arts leads to measurable cognitive gains and music construction in particular, showing positive effects on verbal memory and spatial skills, verbal ability and non-verbal reasoning, better questioning skills, more focused periods of intense concentration and greater understandings that problems can have multiple answers. In fact, the solution to the issues of overcrowded curriculum. So the current survey provides a snapshot of the context in which primary school teachers work and why the dilemma is complex and multifaceted. We can draw inspiration from many international models, including the United Kingdom model singing playgrounds. Singing playgrounds is a non-curriculum singing activity. Singing educators, they train a group of children to lead their peers in playing singing games in the playground. The children are trained to lead, share, adapt and create. And create singing games. And a teacher is trained to support them in that role. To understand this programme, we were able to bring the practitioners to New Zealand and provide over a week a national professional development event from which 60 primary school teachers around New Zealand came. A national singing day with over 250 children. It's quite loud. And through these activities and associated workshops over the week, we were able to create a platform for discussing a national vision for singing in New Zealand with professional teaching organisations, MENSA, choral federation, professional choral organisations and music therapy organisations and school teachers. And inspire those of us with the interest in taking singing forward in these schools. Kia ora tatakato.