The Community Matters show me with Anna Nougat and my puppy is actually helping us out today. And that's totally appropriate because this is about the Hawaiian Humane Society. Hi, Anna. Thank you for being with me. Oh, thank you so much for having me. I really appreciate it. And it is perfect that your dog is in the background. Well, I cannot explain in English language how much I love my puppy. No. All day 24 by 7 experience for me. Life would not be worth living without her. Anyway, so this goes to what's happening with the Humane Society. I would like to cover it because it's a phenomenon. It's rooted in COVID. And it's important that everybody in the community understands all the vectors and all the things that play in your moving 600 animals from various Humane Society facilities in the state to the mainland. So that's big news. Can you talk about what is happening and how it is being accomplished? Absolutely. So this is a huge collaborative effort with greater good charities and wings of rescue alongside our Hawaii Island partners with Maui Humane, Kauai, Island and Lanai Cat Sanctuary and Kauai ASPCA. So large, large volume of animals, cats and dogs only mostly cats. As everyone knows here in Hawaii, we have an overpopulation of cats in particular. And so this is a direct result of COVID for this flight. And so what this collaboration is doing is aiming to relocate about 600 animals over to the mainland to shelters on the west coast. These are animals that have been at the various Humane Society facilities around the islands. Waiting adoption is that it. That is correct. Yeah. So kittens, cats and dogs that have been waiting for adoption and a lot of these agencies typically transfer to the mainland in routine times and due to COVID that has changed dramatically for many of us. So what's the normal process? It sounds like the normal process has been disrupted, disrupted by COVID and that brings you to have this large number of animals that you have got to deal with. Can you talk about that? Sure. So many of us utilize transfer partners on the mainland, specifically along the west coast, but in a couple of the other states as well, to relocate adoptable animals. We don't quite have in all times the resources locally for as many adoptable animals as exist in the shelters. And so we utilize as part of routine process areas of the country that have a much higher need for adoptable animals. And we have more supply than we have need here. And so a transfer program is very, very common across all shelters in the United States. And for us, it's a little unique because we can't just drive them over the state line, right? So we have to rely on air travel to get them to get them to where they need to go. This has happened before. I take it that you have transferred animals from Hawaii to the mainland before when you, I guess you run out of space for one reason or another. In this case, COVID has disrupted, you know, the ordinary adoption program here. And so you wind up with too many animals in the same space. And that's not humane, so you have to transfer them. But have you done this before? We've partnered with Hawaiian Airlines and Arizona Humane Society in the past to transfer animals from our shelter over to the mainland. And that's been so successful. And I know our other partner shelters in Hawaii have done the same thing and have many partnerships. And this is a very routine process for them as well. It's fabulous because what would happen if you could not do this? What would be, you know... So it impacts, yeah, so it impacts our ability to care for more animals out in the community. And so we're committed to the animals that come into us. And so these are animals that are waiting for adoption. And many of the shelters and just there's not always enough people to adopt them. And so for us, it impacts our ability to help support other animals out in the community, not necessarily the animals in our shelter, but the animals that are out in the community. And this will help open up space and allow us to do more work with our community and the animals locally. So how is the adoption process affected by COVID? People are reluctant to come down and adopt, let's say a baby, adopt a baby pet. Yeah, so it has to be my baby. Yes, definitely. And also for everyone, as everyone is well aware, our processes have changed because of COVID and our need for socially distant behavior, wearing masks, our vulnerable populations within our community, you know, our behaviors have changed across the board. And so we've had to adjust and adapt as an organization to help support the needs of the community. And so part of what we're doing now is our adoptions are by appointment. And so we and we're trying to really make sure that we're keeping everybody safe, not only our staff but our community members as well. And I think because more and more people are staying at home, the different stay at home orders we've had have impacted the number of people that we're seeing. And so we're really hoping that as things continue to change and we've been looking really good the last couple of weeks, if we continue to move into the next couple of tears, that things will change for everyone as well. But it impacts everybody in so many different ways and our adoptions have certainly felt the impact of that. It's been too bad because the animals suffer over it, you know, they need to love an infection. Absolutely. Rating is hard on them. Is it possible to do these adoptions online? Is it possible to have people, you know, look at pictures or movie clips of animals and make a choice? Or are they... Absolutely. Absolutely. So what we try to do now is when people make appointments we have a phone conversation with them and talk about what they're interested in. What kind of animal they're looking for, what might be a really good match for them and really try to match them up with an animal that we have. If by chance we don't have the perfect match for them at the time then we will continue to look for them and so we may find something for them the next day or it may take us a couple of weeks. But we're going to keep looking for them and hope to find that good match so we can get that animal in that forever home. And people can have that human animal bond that they're looking for. Sure. Oh, that's fabulous when you do that and it facilitates the whole process. It makes it so easy. Absolutely. Yeah, it's wonderful on both sides of the equation. So let's talk about how you organize a 600 animal transfer to the mainland. First of all, you have like half a dozen agencies that are involved in Hawaii and on the mainland. How does that all come together? That sounds like a lot of work. It is a tremendous amount of work and we're very, very grateful to our partners at Greater Good Charities and Wings of Rescue for helping facilitate this. And the logistics is a combination of everyone working together, determining what the needs are for the air, for the air travel, what the needs are for each individual animal and what the needs are at the receiving shelters and so working together on just supplies, right? Making sure that there's constant communication so our teams are having meetings weekly, sometimes multiple times a week to make sure everything's in order and everyone has what they need. And then coordinating with either our veterinarians or some of our partners, local veterinarians to make sure the animals have their health exams and have their health certificates prior to travel is really critical. Oh sure, because travel and applying in a crate for any length of time is going to be hard on the animals. Yeah, you put more than one in a crate or is it only one in a crate? It's only one in a crate. We want to make sure they're comfortable and in a long flight like that, you know, sometimes messes can be made so we want to make sure that animals are comfortable. So what do you give them in the crate to keep them comfortable? Yeah, so we can't do a whole lot, you know, as much as we would love to, but everybody will have water or a frozen bucket of water and a nice blanket that they can't get tangled up in but something that's pretty flat but comfortable. So pretty plain in there but they'll have exactly what they need for that flight and any litters of kittens that are going will go together and so there won't be itty-bitty kittens by themselves but litters of kittens will fly together so that'll be nice comfort for them. Yes, and what about, let's see, food? You leave them water and I know that's above ice. It gives a real treat but what about what kind of food? You give them appropriate food and they have a supply that will last for as long as it takes. So they'll have food before they travel and then they won't have food within their crate again to help reduce the level of mess that might be made in there but then as soon as they arrive, they'll be taken care of immediately by the team that's on their ground waiting to receive them so they'll make sure they get fed very, very quickly. Yeah, and you can't prevent them from moving it, right? No, we can't, right? They are dogs and cats, yeah, that's going to be part of the process, and everybody's aware of that. Excuse me? There was a question from a viewer. So the question is, my daughter is a dog rescuer and she posts many dogs and cats that need fostering. Do you have a Facebook page so that we can be more aware of the inventory and would like to be able to see what's available? So our website contains all of the animals that are available for adoption and that would be, I would definitely point people to check out our website at whinehumane.org. Okay, and you have just one more question. A question is, a viewer asks, is anyone afraid of getting COVID from the dogs and cats at your humane society? No, we've actually been paying attention to the research and the national conversations that are happening there, and we're not concerned about anyone getting COVID. At this point, there have been no active infections of COVID-19 that have been transmitted from pets to humans, but we're paying really close attention to that. We do know that there have been instances of animals contracting COVID, or at least testing positive for it. But we've not seen any examples of humans receiving it from their pets, but we are keeping a close eye on it. But at this point, we're not concerned about that at all. That's a great question. Thank you. Well, how do you know that a human animal has contracted COVID? There would be testing. We haven't had to test any animals here. We've been pretty fortunate, but there are laboratory tests that can be done that can determine that. So if someone is concerned about that, that couldn't happen. One of the resources that we're providing during this time right now is for people that perhaps don't have a family member or friend close by, and they contract COVID-19 and have to be hospitalized. We're able to hold their animal for them, and we're going to, we quarantine them for 14 days, just in case, kind of monitor for any signs and symptoms. Just again, a precautionary measure to keep the animals and people safe during this time.  So do you ever give them a tranquilizer of any kind to keep their nerves in? We don't. And that's for a couple of reasons. And so many of the airlines won't allow that because there's not monitoring that's happening. And every animal responds differently to those types of medications. And without active monitoring, and particularly for that number of animals, that wouldn't be a safe practice for us to do. And so we're trying to look for animals that are really likely to be as comfortable as possible with that process. A plane flight for any animal is scary, but there are some that are going to do better than others. And certainly younger animals will do a little bit better. Animals that are not fearful will typically do a little bit better. So we're trying to find animals that meet that criteria. But that's a great question. So I wonder if the parameters here, I mean, you've indicated that, you know, young litter of kittens would be fine. That's very young. What about older animals? What about it sounds like COVID? What about older animals with vulnerabilities and co-orbidities and existing health care issues? Yeah. Do you make selections that way? We do. So we want to make sure that we're putting the animals best interest at heart. And so we're really looking for animals that don't have, as you mentioned, don't have co-orbidities where air travel would put them in jeopardy. And so, you know, these are typically going to be animals under the age of five, you know, definitely no concerns with heart disease, lung disease, things of that nature. You know, an animal may have had a surgery to remove an injured limb, something like that. That would be okay. You know, maybe removed a mass. But for the most part, no major health concerns because of the air travel. You know, some people really love rescue animals that they, I don't know, it's sort of an altruistic kind of a feeling. If they would prefer to take an animal that's been through a hard time than an animal that's not been through a hard time. And so I'm wondering, you know, what happens on the other side? What happens when these animals arrive on the mainland? What happens when they are, you know, again up for adoption in various main society type facilities? Absolutely. That's a great question, Jay. And the partners that are on at the mainland in a couple of the different states have already been soliciting adopters for these animals. And in many cases, some of the animals that are on the trip already have homes lined up, which is phenomenal. And so we anticipate that all of the animals from this transfer project will be in homes within about two days at most. So they're working really hard on their end to line up new homes for the animals right away. Excuse me. You have another question from a viewer is, can I make a request of an ideal dog that I want to adopt? Do you have this service? We do have that service. And if they would like to email info at Hawaiianhumane.org, they will get them in touch with an adoption representative for that. Great. My goodness. And so when is this trip planned? Great question. It's going to happen at October 28 and 29. And so getting everybody ready really over the next week to make that trip. So this person who asked this question may want to adopt a pet that is potentially on the plane, going on the plane. So maybe this person can adopt an animal that would otherwise be transferred to the mainland. Is that possible? Yeah, that would be great. The more adopters we have, the better off we are. Absolutely. People do bond up with animals. My observation at the Humane Society is that the bond up starts almost immediate. As soon as you look the animal in the eye, you're smitten. And I write about that or is it just me? No, that happens to me too. So it happens to a lot of us, right? We make that connection almost instantly. And in some cases, before we even meet the animal, when we're looking at a video of the animal online or we're looking at their picture online, there's something about that animal that is connecting us to them, is drawing us to them where we want to say, I want to know more about you. Or in some cases, you're my dog. I'm coming to get you. And so I always love hearing those stories when people share with me that they knew the first moment they saw that that was their new family member, which it's wonderful. Yeah, and it sticks to the life. Yes, absolutely. I was going to ask you when it gets, we talked before about what happens when the animal gets to the mainland to another facility and is put up for adoption there. And whether it means anything to an adopted person or family, as the animal came from Hawaii, do we have a special cachet in terms of the animals we transferred to the mainland? I think so. Everybody loves a Hawaiian animal. So I think there's a little self marketing in place with any animal that comes from Hawaii. So we're fortunate and the animals are fortunate that, again, their homes are typically lined up before they get there. Will you travel on the plane? Well, I'm not scheduled to go this round. Nope. Can you talk with these various humane societies on the mainland to see how these animals are doing? Absolutely. So what we hope to hear back are some great adoption stories that we can all share just to celebrate the success for everyone. But yes, we're absolutely going to be keeping in touch and seeing how things are going and seeing if this is something that we can all do again at some point. Will we hear about those stories? I mean, can you and I have another discussion? You can tell me about some of those stories. Absolutely. And I hopefully will get some great pictures to go along with that. So we'd love to share those. You know, it's a great story. It's a story of caring. It's a story of special Hawaii story. It's a story of COVID, obviously, because COVID generates the need for this. But, you know, I just, I just wonder if we, if you have a sense of loss in terms of, you know, these are animals that would ordinarily be adopted out here in Hawaii. But we can't. And the things get in the way and we live in difficult, so difficult times. And so we have to send them away. This is a kind of, it's a kind of loss there, isn't it? I think so. But I like to think of it as an opportunity for us to be able to step up and help more within our community. And with having this support allows us to do more. And so I really truly think of it as an opportunity, not only for us, but for the animals as well, and that we're going to be able to support more animals locally with these support efforts from other groups. So we are really appreciative of that. So that does bring me to the question of the cost of this, the cost of flying them, the cost of preparing them, of examining them, the cost of placing them. So that must be a, with 600 animals, that must be a real issue. Can you tell me about the economics here and who helps to fund the expenses that are involved? Absolutely. So we are very blessed to be partnering with Greater Good Charities on this as they're funding this effort. And we could not do it without them. And so with the support of Greater Good Charities, the animals, the 600 animals from the multiple shelters are able to benefit from this. And the shelters on the mainland are able to support this as well. And so there are costs associated with this. But because of the generosity of people in all communities and Greater Good Charities, we're able to do this together. Is it cost money or does somebody offering the child a flight for free? So it's costing Greater Good Charities money, but they're working with that. And again, it's through private individuals that help support this effort to get these costs taken care of. Because it is a significant cost to move 600 animals from Hawaii to the mainland. If I wanted to help you out, make a contribution that would fund this kind of operation, which is, you know, it's a lot of work, a lot of hard work. How would I do that? Yes. That's a great question. So if you're looking to help support Hawaiian Humane Society, please go to our website at Hawaiianhumane.org. We accept donations there. You can drop by a check-in person at our campus or feel free to give us a call. But again, our website is going to be the best way to show your support. Again, Hawaiianhumane.org. And if you're looking to support the broader efforts through Greater Good Charities, you can go to greatergood.org and they can help facilitate that. And if I wanted to adopt a pet, I would go, as you mentioned earlier, the same website, I would go. Absolutely. I would put my expectations in that you could either find somebody, I mean a person, a dog, or a cat. And match the other. Yeah, so if you did find what you were looking for initially, we could definitely do that. But am I right to think, Anna, that in Hawaii, in Hawaii, you know, we can complain about this and that, but in Hawaii, people are aloha, they have big hearts. Absolutely. And I wonder if, you know, in your experience, Hawaii has a special place for pets, maybe that other places made up not to the same degree, am I right? Yeah, I think there is a tremendous support for the animals in our community and there is a tremendous spirit here. And people care so greatly. And, you know, I see dogs in particular, you know, people have their dogs in the grocery store with them or going on walks multiple times a day.  And I'm so, so grateful for that. And again, seeing cats going into homes. I know we have a lot of cats on our landscape, but cats are part of our families as well. And knowing all the people that adopt the cats and provide homes for them is just, is really heartwarming. They are a part of our family. Excuse me, you have a question from a viewer. They ask, are you only shipping cats and dogs to the mainland, or are you shipping any other animals? I know Humane Society offers turtles sometimes. Great question. It is only cats and dogs. Okay, fair enough. It's a question of how big the animal is too, is it? You only have so much space. Right, exactly.  Where does the Humane Society fit? I mean, what is the future of it? What is its place in the community? Yeah, so I think really looking at what the community needs are, we know we have a cat overpopulation problem within our community and so focusing there. But what our role is as we continue to grow and develop is to really be that community resource that people can call us and ask us questions. We can help facilitate solutions to different animal welfare concerns or issues, facilitate, you know, reunifications if you have lost your pet, facilitate bringing a new family member into your life. But really being a pet resource for the community and being the go-to place when people have questions or they're not sure what to do, really looking forward to what that looks like for the future. And again, working alongside our community as our community grows and changes, we need to grow and change along with them. Absolutely. Are you also charged with dealing with animal abuse in Hawaii? In Anahu, we are, yes. And so that's part of our role with the city and county. We hold that contract and so we are charged with really overseeing the abuse, cruelty and neglect that occurs. And so our animal and our field service officers are out in the field every day helping support those needs. Is there abuse? There is. There is. Sometimes it's neglect. Oftentimes it's overt cruelty and abuse. But we do see that. And again, working on it in multiple different ways. So with each case as well as bigger picture with legislation and things like that. You know, I was actually thinking about this and it's hard to envision it, but I heard recently that there are dogs, maybe a lot of dogs, who lick the hand of someone who was beating it. Yeah, which is kind of a statement of the relationship of dogs and people. Lick the hand of the person. And that is so touching to know that. Dogs play, I'm more familiar with dogs and cats. Dogs play an incredible role in dealing with us and in allowing us to deal with them. Those way back thousands, tens of thousands of years. Absolutely, absolutely. And they are so forgiving of our faults. And I think, you know, you see that in the therapy work that occurs with dogs and humans. There's so many amazing instances of animal assisted therapy where the animals really make a difference for us and change lives every single day. So you're absolutely right, Jay. Well, okay, I'm getting back to my, I'm getting back to my puppy now. I've abandoned her long enough I have to return for a smooth, smooth, smooth as they say. Thank you, Anna. And thank you so much for joining us and the good work you're doing. Oh, thank you so much. I really appreciate this opportunity. Thank you, Aloha.


okay. Thank you Is there anyone else that has any comments they'd like to make on the rental registry? All right, let me I've been trying to apply all the landlords and Come on up Let's go check some too Some of this may be providing information or may be asking questions. I felt like earlier Carolyn say just say your name. Uh, Carolyn Smith, uh, village resident. Um, also a renter city resident. Sorry everybody I I think Marcus was asking a little bit about Like the elevator inspections and the sprinkler system inspections and so on and so forth And I believe I've heard the landlord say that they're You know that the state comes in and inspects them every year. The state does not inspect them Contractors inspect them that are certified by the state to do that And the state never comes in and this rental inspection program They would not be inspecting them either. They would go in and make sure that the sticker was there to be That they had been inspected within a year. It's very similar to your car inspection, right? We all go to the garage. We have our car inspected if we don't have an inspected We drive around the road if the cops catch us we're in big trouble, but It's the same. It's the same process Um, so the state's not coming into these buildings and and inspecting these On a regular basis and then going beyond unless you're running some sort of state certified Operation out of it. Uh, for instance child care, uh, and then in the process of licensing the state comes in Looks at the building and make sure that all of those stickers are up to date and have been kept up to date So that was I it seemed like there was some confusion about exactly How those types of items were taken care of i'm in a rental property right now I think there was a law that just recently changed About the smoke detectors and the co2s and how they have to behave I would add no idea if my landlord hadn't showed up and said I got to install these because the state state requires it Um, and to be honest with you, I don't know when I'm supposed to inspect them again Or if you even if I'm supposed to and and if he's Supposed to do it or or they're supposed to do it um I see the pros and cons on both sides and the biggest one It's a little strange to me tonight with some of the the conversations that I'm hearing the biggest one seems to be money Um, which is going to be passed down The landlords have stated that they're going to pass it down To the renters which everybody understands. I mean that's that's how that operation works So there's a there's a piece of me that I'm Trying to understand if it's net zero for the landlords Why there would be a concern with a rental registry program? And then the other piece of it is and and nobody's asked this question or put it out there as I would be curious if The opposition to the program would be the same Um, if there was no fee associated with it or would the program then be a good program. So Um, I'm not sure how we answer that Uh, but those are some of the thoughts that I wanted to bring up Thank you. Thanks. All right All right, I'm not seeing anyone on zoom I'm not seeing anyone with a hand up in the room. So I'll bring it back to the board Um, anyone have anything else any final comments questions? No Yeah, Regina, how you doing with what we've talked about so far for us Uh, I mean the the the actual items I have is to to work on Figuring out data. Uh, what kind of data sharing there is? With us from the state right now There's a way to get invited to To the inspections that they already do And if we and the inspections that have been done with our fire department staff, uh Collect some of that data and uh Yeah, is that cover kind of what you're looking for too? Yeah, but the additional feedback about the fact that it seems like we're participating is kind of Changed that a little bit, but yes. No. Yeah, I think yes Wonder what that so you're wondering what it would look like for us to take that over and I do want to And I apologize to the chief because I I think I got clarity from the comment that I heard earlier from Oh, sorry Like any rich rich, but uh, you you got Mr. Smith. Thank you For Mr. Smith, please um In the fact that I remember the comment specifically that conversation on the health officer and taking that on and that That was a responsibility that the fire department was okay taking so I apologize for Putting those two things together, so And We're good. I think I'm good. Okay. All right Roger me the thing that I'd heard is there was general comment about wanting to bring that cost down I it might be helpful to identify what an ideal cost would be So that way staff could create a program based on an ideal cost Well, I mean I'm I'm going to I think I understand that if it was under the fire department, it would be a different There would be different numbers to work with so yeah, nice to see a scenario where that We have a budget for that to look at Yeah, and I think we can knowing that you would I think we're waiting to see which direction you would lean in if you would like the information of what the budget would look like under the fire department We can look at that further because I think there's some costs that we've heard and probably go down But there's probably other costs that might go up So we've just got to actually be able to look at that. I mean, you know compared compared to our Communities that I've looked at as south berlington monoski salmons berlington and berry We are in the top third for cost Um Berlington's 110 when you excuse 115 south berlington's now 150 sinomans is 107 It'd be nice to get it, you know, if there are ways to to figure out how we we lower that But you know again We're still um, we're still like in all kinds of rolling We're still excuse me. I'm still talking. Thank you. We're still looking around for what We're trying to accomplish here. So we get to start with the fire department and see how that compares to the community development department Would it also be helpful to consider the possibility of rolling out the registry part first versus registry and inspection? And what does that look like? I mean, I Know necessarily no problem with that. Um, especially if it makes it pass the cheaper And there's a different paradigm to be achieved with the inspections Um But it doesn't it doesn't address some of it. Um, we don't have to get on that road again. Um, I think anything else Okay All right, let's move on library grants it's now 5b Um grant application for library roof and entry All right, you're back. I'm back. Thanks, chris Go home What does it matter is it rich or is it I don't know boss Oh, no so much more than that Okay, um so Farland is here, uh to talk about a grant that we're trying to get for the library roof and the front entrance So you folks are aware that we've been trying to do this project because we've had it in the um buildings maintenance fund Um This grant opportunity, uh, like many other grant opportunities right now There's a lot of money on the table till basically 2026 Um, and so we are trying to uh, see if we can get some of this grant funds to help us with that project Um, it is likely to be pretty competitive And so you've got a memo in your packet that describes the proposal There's also a support letter that we would need to send in We do have a site plan that we could show you That roughly looks at what we're looking to do Or if you have any questions of harland we can go that um I wouldn't mind an incredibly brief view of the site plan, but I think we all get it and I'll support I would Venture a guess that we really support this. I mean if there's a site plan digitally you can bring up for a second Um There is we've talked about this issue for I think this is maybe my 10th meeting So I I think I can speak for everybody. We completely understand the issue and are 100 in favor of not paying for the whole thing So off you go. Let us know how much help you need and um, if It's getting kind of late if folks want to just receive that site plan in their email Um, I would also understand that. Um, I'm not trying to discount what you're bringing to the table harland That went on a little longer than we thought but again, we've all talked about this library issue I think it's really exciting that we have an opportunity to get some of it paid for Um, we do too and we're very excited about it and that's that's kind of the pieces that um Long time coming. Yeah, we see an opportunity where we might be able to actually get it done and get it paid for Um, we are being pushed by the building age to get some aspects of it done Um, so it does create some some other issues, but we um, we're excited about it that we may potentially have a shot at Yeah, I'm excited about the ADA improvements, right specifically, I think um So, yeah, that's great. Um, when do we when do they award this? Um, so the we got to have the application in by March 12th And then I want to say they said, um mid to late Early summer late spring. Yeah, so it's going to be rapid It's going to be it's going to be relatively quick shortly after the applications are put in And I guess the only other thing is we have the matching money in the building fund Only maintenance fund we we don't require matching money But we believe because of competitive that yes We do have some money and that we are going to offer in the process of trying to make us A little more competitive that we've already spent some money and that we've got some money that we're willing to invest into the project Okay Again, don't want to shortchange Harlan's Here we go Essentially We're trying to make it so that a Somebody who is in a wheelchair can get from the bus stop Up the ramp or easily and to the front main entrance and switching the main entrance because there's all this like ice and issue in the corner Okay So really good slope Yeah, we're addressing the slope does it does a lot of hazard issues with that entrance way? Um other than ADA and we're going to address all of it Okay I just like in case an emergency Those people in a wheelchair have multiple options to get in or out of this building. Yeah, you know versus One so Thank you And it doesn't appear to be so simple to go in the youth entrance and make your way around to the adult No, and this is this particular entrance is the what what is utilized as a main entrance. It's where the receiving desk is This brings you if you were to come in in a wheelchair If your area that you want to go downstairs the elevator is directly as you come in through the door once we make this ADA accessible Um, it it is just it it improves the operation Um and access to the library drastically right All right, I mean if there are no other questions, I will move That the city of s expansion council authorized you some hundred thousand dollars for this project and the city council president Great Let's pose nay Great motion passes. Thank you very much. Thank you. Thanks for your work on this. Thank wendy as well, please Thanks for sticking around Yeah, thank you. Thank you, Harlan All right, um Uh five c considered discussion consideration the fy general fund operating All right Got a memo In your packet basically, um lays out that we uh reduced um the budget by 2404 From your last meeting because that is getting us down to now the correct county tax um So the budget that you've got in front of you is 12157. Um, that's a Estimated tax rate increase of 6.6 that gets us to 170 more for a 280 thousand dollar home Um We are again this the utility rates are just a you know heads up for you to be thinking about that while you're thinking about this But we don't finalize those till later in the spring as we get more data in to get those right um You've got the proposed budgets amounts in the memo as well and uh recommendation okay, so If anyone have any we didn't hear really any feedback on this budget tonight didn't get any feedback or suggestions necessarily On the budget to change it in the first public hearing I've had personally one email potentially two asking for um follow-through on Reduced the library budget But no other comments on anything specific so Folks are comfortable Approving and warning this budget you can move forward Can I I just want to ask a couple of questions first off uh My earlier comments about rental registries side Is there Why would the rental registry because it's a fee based system? Why would it not be in enterprise versus? so It's a good question and you can kind of see um The store if you looked at the storm water budget and how we have kind of an alternative in yellow on the side We're attempting to explain how With both programs. They're not set up yet. So we have to evolve to it Um, essentially we would once it's up and running and we've got it set up We would evolve to a place where it lives in its own budget like that um But because particularly and again the reason why we set up the code the rental registry program The way that we did is because we really wanted to have some increased availability for code enforcement more generally in the land development code It's the way the whole program was put together based on that goal So there is some Um connection that's still happening there within the community development department Um, but essentially we would probably if this gets all up and running in your next budget You'd probably see it totally separate so you could clearly and easily see expenses and revenues and make sure that they match The other question I have is in regards to because I am I'm still struggling for the overall increase, but um, I do want to Understand the honest the assigned and unassigned can we reassign what's assigned or not? if I don't even want to Go further down that particular road, but is that possible Or not Is this like the known unknowns and the known There's the there's the And the assigned fund balance Yeah, and I'm wondering if on the assigned fund balance. Can that be unassigned somewhere else? If those priorities that are assigned are not the same as they were when they were assigned Oh, sort of like a BAA budget adjusted at correct I get it now and then again talking about the We brought this up the last time and I'm just Still struggling with the overall increase There's 880,000 dollars Roughly in the unassigned fund balance I want to I want to read this correctly. I'm gonna I'm just gonna be clumsy about it Wait, it comes if you got I believe the last time we can this I brought this up or that we discussed this We kind of did as a majority Felt like no, we need to we need to protect this this money here versus usually get to try to help bring this tax and I'm I'm struggling to again Find ways to continue to tweak this and I understand where we are at the 12th hour, but um That's one thing that I was I'm thinking about looking at the other is and I have got In fact about the library as well again It's not about picking on any particular department But one of the things that My own analysis and is In our discussions over the last few weeks every department has Contributed something to try to bring this number down a little This one department has not And I know we did not Move that forward try to say look you have to you have to look at this, but In all fairness it feels like Here's one department that's that's getting a pass where every other department has contributed something to help try to bring this number down So and but again this their increase is not the Biggest pool of money either so it's not necessarily going to bring this down by any significant amount even if I were to say Cut it, you know so But anyways, those are my thoughts and struggles I wouldn't say that the library is getting a pass Is especially since for the last two years there have been significant errors in the city side calculating their payroll And so they've been basing their budgets on Incorrect information and so their ask was reduced by almost three percent simply by correcting that mistake So I I don't necessarily You know, but it's still 52,000 And and they justified it as we requested them to do correct I think Virginia. I think we're gonna say something. Oh, sorry So just pointing out that we've got Jess on and so I think I was just trying to go back to answer your question about the Assigned and unassigned fund balance question. Yeah, and I um I'm not sure if you're referring to the memo that describes the un That assigned fund balances from the end of the prior fiscal year There is a memo there that indicates that but it brought up this question for me generally speaking. Okay, so so Jess the question is when we're looking at those assigned fund balances at the end of the fiscal year Is any of that available? Can it be used to help lower the general fund budget and how does that work? No, so most of those amounts that are assigned are Revenue that revenue or savings that resulted from a specific project and has to stay with that project It's not to say that it couldn't be There are some that could be reassigned by the council um But Some of those assignments are already in place in the current budget. So like one of the assignments If I can I just kind of pull up the memo here, uh, so one of the assignment is the Um Finance separation so we had 20 just under $2,600 left over that we did not spend in f y 23 Or all of the finance separation work That's already being used right now because the separation was carrying over into f y 24 So that money's being used as we speak. Um, so that that can't be reassigned um Salary study same thing. It's in process for this fiscal year. It's the money's actually already been spent the current fiscal year So that cannot be reassigned. Okay, that's fine. Then that answers my question well enough. So thank you Yep Hi, just thank you. Just um All right. Well I was moving along earlier and forgot to bring up Ironically forgot to bring up the whole issue of whether we want to leave The rental registry lines in or remove them It's largely at this point a semantic conversation. Um, it's not impacting the tax rate It trans does transmit our intention to keep considering this but we've already done that pretty strongly. I think What it might do is Confuse people to the point where they might might not support it Um So It's curious what what folks want to do. It's still straw poll. I think we've talked if we understand the issue As I keep it in I really don't think that I don't think a significant Majority would end up not voting for this because of seeing The semantic of a revenue offsetting for I would remove it If it were kept in or excuse me if it were removed and we Entered fyi 25 and got to the point where we were raining off No until we can start the program Mid-year basically Yeah And that's the case and and what would the impact be if it was removed it's neutral So the 6.6 would change nothing would change, right? It would be a little bit clearer frankly Because it does look like there's an FTE being added and you have to read carefully to understand that it's being offset by So I can't explain it in any number of ways like I said, I think that We've been crystal clear about the fact that we're going to continue to talk about the rental registry So not transmitting that I think has been taken care of I think we're going to continue to transmit that this is under consideration. So Amber what do you think I say remove it make it simpler just clear. Um, it's just easier to understand it's easier to explain. It's not there We don't have to explain it And we just keep being very forthright Either we're going to continue talking about this or at some point we pull the plug and we're Just very careful about how that message goes up. So just real quick So staff are a hundred percent certain that after approved by the voters Add a revenue source and an expense without their approval That's where I'm going to like I'm That's not certain on that That's my only hesitation why to keep us if there's potential then we have that Without having to either ask the voters to approve of a budget change because this revenue didn't exist before neither the expense Or it waits until f y 26. Yeah, we're just waiting here. Yeah We've thought about it and Nearly certain we can add it as a new program because it's it's offset and it's not actually on the tax rate You're you're confident. I'm good with it. Yeah, I mean, but so everything's just approved it for South Burlington just approved theirs. I'll be on their website register for the rental registry. That's just last week Same fiscal year. I don't know if it was in their f y 24 budget So maybe it was Um to contemplate it. Yeah, I'm not, you know, I don't know if it was in there as a as a placeholder Well, I'm your staff are confident with it. I just say move along take it out How do you feel? We don't do it tonight we get back together monday or tuesday to warn it then and I really don't want to do It So if we want to be absolutely 190 sure I changed my mind But if you all are feeling like I mean, I think honestly, I think I wonder if my thinking was and you're much more Honorable about budgets, but you know, both are injustice here And frankly Elaine everybody My understanding was we could start something Within a department and hire a person to do it Are you worried Is at any point in during a budget year, can we decide that we're going to basically expand the department Where my is it's revenue neutral or is it the where my hesitation is coming in is the cost Outly responsible to right and so by changing that budget by adding in new revenue and by adding in new expenses Without their approval because that would change what the voters have already approved That's what I'm not sure is about a charter. So that's where my hesitation comes in But I don't know the answer to the question. So that's why I would say staff are confident And we're likely to have to spend money before we take money in Yeah, and the concept so the concept of the way it was working now is your current fy 24 budget Does have some component of this other full-time position in it, right? And so there's Revenue because we haven't hired the you know, it's in there for a full time But 50% a lot revenue and then the other half a general fund revenue So we could there are some expenses within this fiscal year to start it off Without it next year Without any source whatsoever to get started And we would have upfront expenses. I mean Within the and this is a little bit tricky because we're talking about the possibility of two separate departments like there is You know, everybody can stay within their budget so long as it doesn't go over the department level budget um, if we had to switch gears And and so then and if we leave it as is right in cd in the fy 25 budget And then pivot to a fire department And it wasn't approved that way So I will simply say that I agree with Andrew's concern About starting at mid-year, but I also said that I'm I'm I'm okay taking this out With the understanding that I was also okay with rental registry as a program not starting until fy 26 So For me personally, I'm Totally fine moving this far. We know we're gonna have the conversation I'd like to see it taken on the budget, but I'm okay with that program not starting till later But I would have the same concern Andrew Start programming here. It isn't ordinance Right, ultimately. It's an ordinance It's approved ordinance that lays out something that will happen But without the funding from the person they didn't happen Just thinking this through my head just trying to remember like we can approve an ordinance anytime There is no rush The more the more 18 months from roughly seven to 16 or 18 months before we get to go The more we talk about it the more unanswered questions More options appear and I personally am frustrated by The new information that comes to light every time we talk So I would be more in favor of taking our time and Doing more research and answering our questions And that may delay things and we may find out that there are additional costs that we have in the county or or less costs We may come up with a completely different model at cost 50 less I am I think a priority for me is to keep the budget as simple and Clear as possible. Yeah, instead of before So I'm comfortable removing it And If this has to wait and has to wait if we find out we're in the clear and we're ready But I think it's going to be complicated It will complicate things for some folks that are if they're involved to understand why are we adding an fte I was a soul working It's a 6.6 percent increase It's not the time to be adding something That kind of message will be difficult more difficult to get through than So I have to advocate for removing it still advocate for moving it I honestly think that We have the option To make this decision Not just based on our desire to have a rental registry, but also to acknowledge Basically to read the room We've got the school tax increase. We've got the budget increase. We're talking about right now Utility rates are going up We have the ability to control when certain things happen And mitigate those costs and be mindful of the impact that What we're deciding has on the taxpayers It sounds like the group is in agreement that we're moving the budget Um Doesn't change the bottom line and I think um I think we've been through this and nauseam So We have a motion The bottom of back at page 14 So let me just read out the yeah Else Says as presented, but I think we have to read them So Jess, I have it in paper form. I don't know if you can share it on the screen, but essentially The budget without rental registry is 12 million 4,124 What is it again? 12 million 4,124 12,124 Regina I can share the spreadsheet, but I don't have um I'm not able to share Uh could you zoom in? Yep, so the highlighted amounts are the two that you're looking for for the Um warning Yep, and we've got both versions printed out here for your signature. So Um So what do I need to read? Or just as presented Because these aren't as presented anymore in the memo anyway So I should say 12 12 million four thousand one hundred and twenty four dollars of which 11 million one hundred and ten thousand three hundred and forty six Will be raised in taxes. Yeah in property taxes All right, I moved that the city council approved the FY 25 general fund operating capital program budgets Um the general fund being 12 million four thousand one hundred and twenty four dollars of which 11 million one hundred and ten thousand three hundred and forty six Thousand dollars will be levied in property taxes And you know if I need to read the capital fund budgets As well I think the rest is As presented and the capital budgets as present I'll second No discussion all those in favor say aye. Aye. Aye Need a roll call Andrew nay Marcus Elaine Aye Amber Aye And I am I three to two motion carries Um, thank you. I mean we can't forget to sign those tonight. Yep Um Yeah, okay, you're being signed to vote. Yeah Um, yeah, just you know They'll vote yes. I might not agree to the decision, but uh, all right discussion and consideration of warning for annual meeting Okay, so that's in your packet as well. Um uh, so we just talked about that we have the alternative of if the budget changes Um informational meeting will be April 1st online only um We have changed the annual meeting meeting date to April 8th in the last meeting when you looked at this it was town meeting day Um, it sounds like the school district is Opting to not move to town meeting day for at least another year um My understanding is they're acknowledging the challenging challenges with budget Work this year and april is a little bit helpful um, so also We have our current Charter changes that the voters passed last year Um, those may pass the legislature this year. Um, but they are not passed right now So we've got to put this question to the voters um Sorry, what else is in here? There's the capital improvement economic development fund tax uh did talk with Claudine about this and essentially um We can approve it on this three-year basis just like you've been approving it before essentially The voters are okaying it now We actually put it in the budget that they approve in the following years And so that's how it is actually going to the budget going to the voters to approve it each year Um We did not get any um petitions for ballot questions um, and That's that Great Seems pretty straightforward If there's no discussion, I'll move the city council approve the warning is drafted second Great all those in favor say aye. Hi. Hi. Hi Great motion passes Next item is a executive session, um Um, so we have a very short consent agenda By motion to approve consent Second most in favor say aye. Hi Great, uh council member comments city manager reports Yeah, if you'd like to go I have some stuff. I'll try to be super fast. Uh, so, um On tuesday march 5th in the city folks will be There's a prior presidential primary and there is also a bond vote for Champlain water district Um, the intent of that bond vote is for 3.2 million dedicated to Um, what was previously approved in a september 2022 bond Or a raw water parallel transmission main They are essentially repurposing that um for a skata upgrade. That is the same infrastructure Software system that we use at the wastewater treatment facility Um, the improvement will allow the district to continually be in a position to supply safe affordable drinking water 24 hours a day Where are we sitting? I think surround sent they're just Okay, um And uh, so that's what it's there. Uh, that's what that bond vote is about. Um, so folks are aware That is not ours at Champlain water district. They're a separate municipality, but they do supply the city with water So ultimately that, um The cost of that they're estimating to be not An increase of less than four dollars per year in the wholesale water rates Um, and eventually that so people will see that but it's not a direct bond vote for the same Also for Champlain water district. Um, some there's a survey that's out there It's a randomized survey so not everybody got it But essentially it's an income survey from Champlain water district and their goal is to try to Understand actual income levels because when you go to the Vermont drinking water state revolving fund um Loan rates and the ability to have loan forgiveness is based on income of a municipality So they're trying to get a better sense of the income of uh, folks that they serve so that um The rates could potentially be improved. So if folks could fill out that survey, that would be great um We have received some eclipse viewing glasses So you can get those on the fifth if you go and vote. They're also available here at the clerk's office And the library has some as well The vermont downtown designation board approved our expanded boundary of the neighborhood development area designation So that's very exciting. There's lots of um housing incentives in that program Um And then lastly, uh right down here on Lincoln street. Um, we had a sewer line problem So um, that is now fixed and the plan is to try to pave that over next week But that is going to be a challenge on our uh sanitation fund balance which is already challenged couldy Should have started that but that maybe and then ended with the other happy stuff But it's nice that it's fixed and it's nice that they probably have one more weather than normal for them to work on it. So yeah, thanks to those that crew I had one small thing. Sure. Tomorrow morning. Um, I've been asked to test Also in operations on their municipal ethics bill proposal So there is a committee bill on a code of ethics for municipal officers I was invited to test What are your thoughts? um It's a committee bill that was written predominantly by the ethics commission state commission with very very very little input from municipalities and vlct is Making recommendations for the bill um My interest in it stemmed from I submitted testimony when they called for public comment And I just said there would it would be great if there was some mechanism for non retaliation and protection for whistleblowers because While the state labor laws protect employees from retaliation, there is nothing in place to protect elected officials who Raise issues in their own community So they want to hear about that What time is that 1045 Is the proposal more strict than what the legislature itself asked me to buy by I can't answer that I don't know It interestingly repeals a requirement for all municipalities to establish a conflict of interest policy And then lays out what they want municipalities to do It it's sort of Kind of sets up a parallel system outside of the municipality That personally makes me a little nervous because the potential for confusion is enormous so Um great, um, I don't have anything Except to say All the things that's great Where we got them, okay Vermont department of tourism. Oh perfect. Okay. Hopefully they've got a cow on Collectors any reading file comments? Nope great. Um the executive session motion I have it I move that the city council make a specific finding that premature disclosure of the contractual Of contractual matters would place the city at a substantial disadvantage I move that the city council enter into executive session to discuss contracts pursuant to one vsa 313 a1a to include the city council and city manager second both That motion's made in second at all is in favor to both motions say aye. Aye. Aye Um, are we coming we're not coming back we don't have anything to come back to we're not deciding anything Um, so we'll return on our own


What's going on everyone Sam here with late in sports cards ripping 22 tops out in interchrome Baseball hobby 12 box full case break number 35 pick a team style read off elisabeth names on her teams You got Christopher J reds athletics pirates CJD with the angels mariners Dain B. Padres They left white socks Edward P red socks Yankees Cardinals Gary a rangers hard for being on MLB spot wing J Nationals Jeff M's got the Braves Orioles Cubs Tigers Astros Royals Dodgers Mets Phillies Rays blue J's Thank you Jeff Trevor T with the Diamondbacks and twins Wayne P. Guardians Rockies Marlins William D Giants and yo hey oh with the Brewers. Good luck here. Everybody. Let's do it. 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It's very slept on very slept on I gotta go fill you at some point Yeah Well all the cheese steak hard owes out there like you can't you can't you can't go there that's you didn't do the taurine scheme Yeah, it's like dude relax It's not that deep Really not that deep like the best cheese steaks in philadelphia are at the places that nobody knows about I'm not gonna go exploring downtown philadelphia when I don't know where I'm going Yeah, Donaldson, which don't get me wrong. I'm sure that's true I'm sure there's many places that are better than those two places. That's not what I'm saying But I'm just not gonna go out of my way and downtown philadelphia to try to find somewhere That doesn't sound like that doesn't sound safe No Torvalson many Yeah, yeah, I agree on that. I love the the uh What is it cpr the cherry pepper relish have you had that in?  Yeah, I guess I'm pepper Well, like like pepper Todd helen green and I know Pedro and base. I'm sure it's her. What's up? Sure. No, it's good. Yeah It's good, but if you're not a pepper fan, it's gonna ruin it.  Thank you tyrone Jumsy taking two in our mega dual case Later as well. That's uh flawless eminence It's been fun, dude It's just that sure sure Steve Sure And detroit michigan was once a hub for automobiles as well Four locations in florida. Oh, that sounds good. Dennis. I've been on that actually Brandon marsh Interesting, do you know where they are?  Dennis. Don't you have to Uh jj jj meta jevich to 150 And I can go for a cheesesteak now.  All right. Thanks, Kyle Let me see There's nowhere to get one where you live Steve Trevor story pink to 199 You're getting close here, buddy. There it is That looks really good. Damn Miami Odessa And Jacksonville. Yeah I was gonna say, yeah Yeah Yeah, Joe Ryan, you don't have a jersey makes. Yeah, I know A subway Gold, Ken Gryffy jr. Nice one there to 50 for the Mariners That is 22 of 50 two afters number Get as close as I think lots Yeah, how far is that?  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I'm Celsius fair Sam's a big Celsius guy I am a big Celsius guy Mike Trout and So I'm in our auto yet I'm getting some Leaf best of basketball random team spots. Those are a lot of fun, man Quick part to the break leaf buyback a lot of stuff that we pulled out of there. That's pretty sweet I'll pull the Yoko Chotto out of there on Personals the other night Didn't pretty sweet Looks like it Ron Santel Jose Miranda refractor rookie Yeah, probably honestly dude Honestly, Timmy Same here, dude Will Smith to 999 Tell from looking at me. I like to eat Yeah, dude, it's fun I'm gonna deal with it. I have this ride Ah, dude So good So I'm saying dude, I might do Blue Wander to 150 I just went there for the uh Raise there's a rodney scott to 25 Orange mini That sounds so good, dude Like a dream evening right there Wander based mini rookie Green Cedric Mullins to 99 Royce Lewis It's awesome, Timmy Here for you Dolb Ruhon Uh CJ Abrams Needed Uh Bobby Whitt Nice Bobby Whitt Refractor rookie auto Congrats on that there uh Going to the Royce Grats Royce Very nice very nice Yeah, pretty solid hit for sure Got nine to go on flawless still everybody Let's get that filled on up Anthony Rendon Papparaki to 199 Need them, bring my hats too Bring my hats back for you Need them Just um, I'm not gonna wear them anymore They're not washed Sweat stains Elliott Ramos variation Sweat stains everywhere Yeah, that was solid That was nasty Usually about one auto a case Usually the checklist is very good Usually there's not a lot of uh Bad names on the checklist so Bobby Whitt would make sense to be on such a checklist as he is good All right, next box You look like he busted his beard strong I know Ryan Mountcastle 199 We we noticed that too Kyle Play the same day Oh no Bobby Whitt, Luisio Wander as well I don't know to be honest I don't know No odds Gold, Jose Berrios Honing up Berrios 250 Nine to go in the first flowerless I was breaking this more this afternoon everybody In a few hours here In general, Luis Urias Oh man, is this Forest gonna get on too? Oh man, that's not a that's a do I'd love to run into Nick Lado there's a couple of free kills right there My god Rob Riggle to 150 A couple of bots Forest and Kyle would be like the easiest Duo to run into Gold, Hunter Green to 50 On the mini For the Reds Then like throwing a squad ad like Lehmann to And Donnie Oh man That squad would stink Green, Marcus Stroman to 99 Sean and I are playing Oh god Kansuke within our spot CJD with three spots in that Thank you And Steve Oh man What a tree it was about to be Oh no Let's get out and start loading in now If you want three eliminations man Steven Kwon Bryce Harper Manny Gabriel Arias Blue Brandon March to 150 Katoa Martai Blue Bob There are people that are so excited dude Jim Telvi Dude, I have not legitimately not been this excited to play Fortnite Since like the OG like season five What is that boomerang so bad I know I want to see what that's all about Earthworm Corbin Burns Yeah, yep Backdoor Lindor and LeMahue DJ LeMahue Dick Allen Hunter Green Rookie Refractor Mini Thank you there Josh V taking a spot In each of Flawless Breaks Down to 8 and 12 now 8 and 12 Thank you Josh 8 to go everybody Let me drop you that link One more time here There you are 8 to go everybody Let's do it Let's get after it Let's get let's get silly with some Flawless that I Announcing again dude That was fire that James Harden bro Yeah that was fire Yep Mini Yeah the Cunningham 101 that was pretty sweet I made a champion like the same one that I pulled on release day Were you talking about release day Yeah Flawless Flawless yeah You remember the KD that we pulled the bunch of diamonds Trophy Matt pulled that but of Cunningham I believe Dirk Oh was it there Oh maybe it was Dirk yeah You might be right yeah Eddie Murray to 199 Yeah I don't know why that would have been KCunningham That doesn't make any sense He pulled it hard into Patch Auto Yeah or Auto Yeah one of the other Aaron Judge Are you doing that Bill Dre? He did pull a K though that excellent Yeah it was like an Auto right It's like 5 or 10 2, 1, 2, 3 Oh I'm bad Pretty so hard man Break your ass Oh yeah Jaron Durand to 150 Are we on in the kitchen I mean out there I don't know what the sound was on though That's the thing But Blake Snell to 99 Green Green Landon Donovan to 99 as well Here are my paprocki Be ridiculous if they're not Be sick to my stomach really So again guys 8 to go on Flawless now 8 and 12 8 and 12 on our 2 left side serial number breaks Of Flawless BKB Basketball that is All patches are game worn Including rookies Which is pretty cool Outside of Eminence It's the only one where you have rookie game use stuff Which is pretty wild Got NT basketball come out fairly soon as well Ah it's going to be fun man It's going to be really fun Dot these Jaron Durand There's Scott Hansen to 199 And Max Freed to 99 Green Chris Sale to 99 Kramski to J-Rod Rookie Spencer Torkelson The Fractured Rookie to the Strasburg And what a shame what happened to him man That was sad That was really sad Blue to China than India to 199 Backdoor and Max Muncie Jaron Durand Future Al Kaline to 199 the Tigers Shane Baas variation mini Hello Nightbot Cody Bellinger, Ronnie Chang Face face face face Otto Lopez And face All right guys do a quick recap of some of the bigger color as well as the autos auto Gold Hunter Green Brian Reynolds Edgar Martinez Mitch Hannigan Orange Richie Palacio And a Rodney Scott on your minis We had Gold Jose Berrios Kenny Griffey Jr Marcus Strowman Andrew McCutcheon Orange Albert Pujols Brendan Donovan We have the Case Hit Ex Fractor Jeremy Pena And a Bobby Whit Jr Refractor Rookie Otto I'll do it for the break guys Thanks again for the film Up next we've got Bowman U


Hello everyone and welcome to another episode of Code Emporium where we're going to talk about temporal difference learning. It's a very important concept in reinforcement learning. So let's get started. Let's start with the definition. Temporal difference learning is a method that value-based reinforcement learning algorithms like Q learning use to iteratively learn state value functions or state action value functions. Now every word in this definition is super strange. So let's back up temporal difference learning is a method to learn. Okay, that's a little easier. Now we're going to add some more complexity to it. Temporal difference learning is a method reinforcement learning algorithms use to learn. So what are reinforcement learning algorithms? Reinforcement learning is one of the three machine learning paradigms that machines use to learn. The first is supervised learning where we have some data and we have a label and we use that to train a model to map this data to the label. Then that's typically like classification and regression problems. Then we have unsupervised learning where we try to understand patterns within the data and there's data but there's no label. Example dimension audio reduction and clustering and then we have the third pillar which is reinforcement learning. And reinforcement learning is learning what to do that is how to map situations to actions so as to maximize a numerical reward signal. So it maps states to actions to maximize a reward. Algorithms that solve problems in this way are known as reinforcement learning algorithms. And here's a snapshot of a few pretty common ones. Coming back to this definition, I hope this reinforcement learning algorithms component now makes more sense. So let's peel off another layer. Temporal difference learning is a method that value based reinforcement learning algorithms use to learn. So what is this value based reinforcement learning algorithm? Reinforcement learning algorithms at the end of the day are trying to maximize a total reward. This can happen in multiple ways and so we can subcategorize reinforcement learning algorithms into value based methods or policy based methods. Value based methods will determine a value function which quantifies the total reward and using this value function we will determine an optimal policy. Whereas policy based methods will determine an optimal policy directly no value function and optimal policy is that policy that maximizes the total reward. And just to note, policy is just how an agent behaves in a certain situation or state. So given a state, what action will it take? That's what the policy determines. Example of value based functions is Q learning among others. An example of policy based methods is proximal policy optimization among others. So now coming back to our definition, I hope this value based reinforcement learning term makes a little more sense. Now let's peel off another layer. Temporal difference learning is a method that value based reinforcement learning algorithms like Q learning use to learn state value functions or state action value functions. So what are these state and state action value functions now? So value based methods determine a value function which is used in turn to determine the policy that will maximize the total reward. Value function is a function and it has inputs and it gives some output. And depending on the inputs, there can be two types of value functions. We have a state value function, the input is a state, and then we have a state action value function where the input is a stake and an action. So states actions, what are they? A state is a snapshot of the environment and the action is the decision taken by the agent in an environment. Now state value functions will take the state as input and output a real number. The state action value function will take a state and action as an input and output a real number. And this real number is known as a Q value. And so the state value VFS will quantify how good is it to be in this specific state S. Whereas a state action value or Q value will quantify how good is it to be in this state S and take an action A in this state. Coming back to this definition, I hope this state value function and state action value function piece makes a lot more sense now. The definition is almost completely uncovered. But to uncover the last piece, we'll need to talk about temporal difference learning itself. So let's take a fully observable grid world with nine squares. There's a plus 10 reward square, a negative 10 poison square, and the rewards for all these other squares is negative one. And the goal of our agent is to get to this plus 10 reward spot in the best possible way. More technically speaking, we want the agent to learn the optimal policy. And let's say that we want to use a valued based reinforcement learning algorithm to do this. And because it's value based, we need to determine a value function. Let's say that we have a finite number of states and we start by storing the value of every state in a table. And let's start initializing it to zero. Just to be clear, the value of each of these columns should be how good is it to be in this state? Or more technically, what is the total reward that I will see being in this state S1? Similarly, the value of state S2 is how good is it to be in a state S2? Or what is the total reward that we will observe when we are now currently in a state S2? Say that this agent starts with the policy of exploration. This means that whatever state it's in, the action taken will be random. So the agent is now in state S1. It can take either a right or go down. But because this is a random policy, let's say that it randomly chose to go right. Now the agent took the action. And because it took an action, it now observes a reward and also it transitions to another state. So the reward here is negative one. And let's say that it transitioned into a state S2. From our trusty Bellman equation, more details of which you can see in another video. But from this equation, we know that the value of the state S1 is the reward that we receive transitioning into the next state S2. Plus the value of the state S2. So this would be negative one. Plus, well, from our table, it looks like it's zero for the value of S2 because we initialized everything to zero. And we get the total value of state S1 as negative one. Now the observed value that we observe for state S1 is negative one. But the expected value, which is what's in our table is zero. And the difference between the observed value and the expected value of the state is known as the temporal difference error. It's temporal because it calculates the error between two different time steps. And we are computing the difference between these values of these two time steps. Because there's a difference between these two values, we need to now update the value of state S1 in our table, which we can do by this formula. Now alpha here is a learning rate depends on how much we want to change our values or how fast we want to learn in the table. In this case, if you plug in the values, you'll get the value of state S1 is negative 0.1, which we can update the table. So this is the first time step, but let's go through another time step just to make sure that the process is clear. So now we are in a time step S2 in a state S2 and from here we can take multiple possible actions. And let's say that we go down. So we take that action. So we end up with the reward, which is negative one. And then we end up in a new state. And let's say that this new state that we end up is S7, some state. We then use our trusty Bellman equation to calculate the observed value of state S2. So it's going to be the reward of transitioning into S7 plus the value of S7, which is negative one plus zero, negative one. We then calculate the temporal difference error, which is observed minus actual, still negative one. We then calculate the value of state S2, which is then to be updated in the table. And then we just repeat the sequence of steps over and over, updating the table values until we reach the end. And this is considered to be one episode. We can then perform multiple such episodes over and over again, adjust these values in these tables until they become stable. And effectively, the value functions are learned. And once they are learned and agent, instead of taking some random action, it can now take an action based on the value functions in this table. So the value functions would determine the actions, which means that it determines the policy. Optimal policy or the best policy will be determined by what is the best value function given your state. In the textbook linked in the description down below, these are the steps that we just talked about. And so we come back to our definition for the last time. Temporal Difference Learning is a method that value based reinforcement learning algorithms like QLearning use to iteratively learn state value functions or state action value functions. And now I hope this makes a lot more sense. There are other versions of temporal difference learning when you take multiple time steps instead of single time steps. But I hope that this video helped you understand the concept itself. Thank you all so much for watching. If you like this video and you think I do deserve it, please do give this video a thumbs up. Also, don't forget to subscribe, hit that bell button for notifications, and I will see you in another one. Bye-bye.


Hi, welcome to Nursing School Explained. This is part 3 of the playlist EKG interpretation and goes over the basics of normal intervals of the EKG as well as rules to memorize. If you haven't already done so, I highly recommend watching my other videos about basic electrophysiology as well as the video on how to read the EKG paper and determine the heart rate. Here is a quick review of the EKG paper. So every bigger line up here represents three seconds. And so two of those will give us the six second strip that we usually get when we look in at a telemetry strip. Each small box over here represents 0.2 seconds, which over on the right again is this box right here. And then each smaller box out of this 0.2 is one fifth, which gives us the 0.04 seconds. And these are very important to remember because then we'll know how to measure the different intervals that we've been looking at over here. Next we'll look at normal intervals and waveforms. These are things that you will have to memorize in order to be able to interpret dysrhythmias or really any kind of EKG rhythm. First of all, we'll be looking at the isoelectric line, which is this line that all of the waves should come back to. So it starts right here, goes across and see every time the waves either come above or below the isoelectric line every time they return back to this line, which is normal. Secondly, our PR interval or PRI, the normal length of it is 0.12 to 0.2 seconds, which are three to five small boxes. So this would basically be one, two, three small boxes would be the minimum to five boxes right here. So the PRI should not be longer than five boxes right here. And the PRI represents atrial depolarization. And the shorter the PRI is, the faster the hardware typically is. Now if the PRI is abnormal, meaning less than 0.12, or more than 0.20 seconds, that means that there is some sort of a problem going on. Now if we look at our heart and the four chambers and remember the PRI looks at atrial depolarization. So here we have our SA node and then we have the AV node. And the PRI basically measures the time it takes for the impulse to travel through the atria from the SA to the AV node. Now if it's abnormal, if it's shorter, that means that we can have some ectopic irritated cardiac cell. Remember that every cardiac cell has the ability to initiate an impulse. And if it gets irritated or excitable, it can start firing. So now if we have an impulse that starts down here, an X to P that starts down here, the time it takes for that to reach the AV node is going to be less than the 1.2 seconds. So that means there's an ectopic impulse or an irritated cardiac cell that is closer to the AV than the SA node. Now if the impulse takes longer than the 0 to 0 seconds, again we have our four heart chambers here and our SA and AV node. So now if this impulse here is just slow, it's less than 0.2 seconds, that means that there is some point or some part of a conduction delay in the atria. So something happened to the conduction system here that is delaying this impulse to come through at the expected time of 0.12 to 0.20 seconds. Now the QRS complex is down here, there it is, and represents ventricular depolarization and it's supposed to be less than 0.12 or less than three boxes. In this case we can look at it one, two, three boxes, so in this case it would be 0.08 which is normal because I know it's less than the 0.12. Going back here looking at the PRI we can count that so we can count one box, two boxes that are here three, four and five boxes which I know is the 0.20 so that's normal. And the QRS complex represents ventricular depolarization like I've already mentioned and then again if it is abnormal, meaning that it's now greater than the 0.2, that means that there's some sort of a stimulus coming from the purkinje fibers just firing all over the heart and taking longer than we would expect the ventricles to discharge and that's when we'd get into ventricular dysrhythmias that can become dangerous. The next segment we'll look at is the ST segment as I discussed on the previous slide and we always have to look at the isoelectric line and the J point that we also saw on the previous picture. So here the ST segment always comes back to this isoelectric line and one box here one small box represents on the vertical axis one millimeter as you can see over here. Now if it is one millimeter above or below the isoelectric line as we can see in this example over here so the dotted line here is the isoelectric line but this ST segment is way above the isoelectric line so that is ST elevation and ST elevation means that there is either myocardial injury or infarction and you've probably heard of a STEMI meaning ST elevation myocardial infarction and that is not a good thing to happen to a patient because they are having a heart attack right there in front of you. So if you see ST elevation in a patient with complain of chest pain, shortness of breath, dizziness, it could be anything like that it's a heart attack happening right there in front of you so you need to act accordingly. Now not looking at ST elevation but the other option that we have here is ST depression so again the dotted line here is the isoelectric line now this time the ST segment is depressed it doesn't come back to the isoelectric line and ST depression usually means ischemia and ischemia usually is the precursor to infarction so if you have a patient who was admitted let's say for chest pain or coronary artery disease or angina or any of these diagnosis and now you see ST depression on their rhythm strip you want to make sure that that patient is okay because eventually the ischemia will lead to injury or infarction and then of course that can be a bad outcome for our patient. Now next we'll look at the T wave so the T wave usually goes into the same direction as the QRS complex you can see this on the first example right here so this is our T wave and the QRS is upright and in this case the T wave also goes horizontally up. Now an abnormal T wave would be a T wave that goes the opposite direction of the QRS so this would look something like this here we have the QRS and then the T wave kind of is inverted looks like that this would be our T wave and that usually also means that there's ischemia going on now there can be a peaked and a tall Q wave which would mean that it would be much higher than this one over here for example so this would be peaked and it would kind of look like this and a peaked T wave means ischemia I'm sorry means hyperkalemia so that's what we a lot of times can see in patients who are on dialysis who might have missed their treatment and now they are ill for some reason and peaked T waves think hyperkalemia danger and then again the QT interval represents the entire ventricular activity like we already discussed so here are some rules and this is very important if you memorize these rules and apply them the same way each time you look at an EK rhythm strip you will be just fine you won't have too much trouble with this EKG strip so very important over here so the first rule is we want to look at the hard rate we want to look at the number of QRS complexes in a six second period multiplied by 10 to get our 60 second or one minute hard rate I explained that in the previous video about the termination of hard rate then we want to look into the rhythm or regularity by measuring the P to P interval or R to R interval and they typically both work the same but the R wave is just a little bit easier to measure because it's higher in amplitude and therefore can be easier distinguished and you can use calipers or just the simple piece of paper and I explained that in the previous video about EKG paper and determination of hard rate now number three is the P wave so remember P wave represents atrial depolarization is the P wave upright so does it go up in amplitude is there one P wave for every QRS complex but if there's no P wave that usually means that the impulse comes from the AV node so for some reason the SA node has had some injury or has got knocked out for some reason the AV node takes over and remember the AV nodes intrinsic hard rate is only about 40 to 60 beats per minute so if we don't have a P wave we know that the atria are not involved in this in this conduction so that means that something else is going on here and again we'll look further into that when we look at the different this with me as and then number four is looking at the intervals we just discussed PRI needs to be between 0.12 and 0.2 seconds and the QRS needs to be less than one point so the QRS needs to be less than 0.12 seconds so next we'll apply this so remember number one determination of the hard rate we're going to look at the QRS complexes one two three four five six seven and this is a six second rhythm strip with the we know this by looking at the taller lines here six seconds so seven QRS is in this on a six second strip we multiply that by 10 seven by 10 our hard rate is 70 beats per minute then we look at the rhythm or regularity and you can again either do this by measuring the calipers or lining this piece of paper up here and marking the R to our interval and then just moving that paper over and seeing if that still lines up and again I explain it in the previous video then we'll look at the P wave so are the P waves upright and is there one for every QRS so let's look at this so these P waves here they are upright they go they have a positive amplitude they go up all of them we look at every single one of them on this rhythm strip great and then secondly is there one for every QRS so here we have a P and the QRS a P and the QRS a P and the QRS and so forth so all these look nice and normal so that means that yes over here we are doing well and then we're looking at the PRI and the QRS and this can sometimes be a little bit daunting depending on where we look at the boxes and remember you can also use the calipers to measure that the other option is to find a PRI and the QRS that kind of start at the box that's easy to look at so in this case let's find one so this would be the last one here I would say is an easy one to look at because you see the P wave starts right here at the sticker line so now what I can do is I can measure these boxes remember from the beginning of the P to the beginning of the R wave so now I look at the small boxes one two three four five small boxes so the PRI five small boxes is 0.20 seconds so I know that that is normal perfect and then lastly I'll look at my QRS segment and again I find a place where the QRS maybe starts at a line so I like this complex here because it helps me when I look at the box it starts right here so this middle QRS complex it starts right here and then I look at the boxes so this is like one two maybe like two boxes or one and a half boxes which would be about 0.8 seconds I know it needs to be less than 0.12 and so this is normal so my analysis of this rhythm strip by applying these four principles here is this is a normal sinus rhythm and these four things looking at hard rate, rhythm, P wave, is it upright one for every QRS and at the intervals by memorizing what they're supposed to be if I applied it every single time I won't have too much trouble with EKG interpretation. Here are some credits and references for other EKG rhythms and then please also watch the other videos in my EKG interpretation playlist about basic electrophysiology and the basics of EKG paper and determination of heart rate as well as upcoming videos about sinus rhythms, atrial rhythms, atrial ventricular blocks and ventricular dysrhythmias. I hope you enjoyed this video and it helped to clarify EKG interpretation please share subscribe leave me comments and I'll see you again soon thanks for watching Nursing School Explained.


Hey everyone, Shaber1000 here. Today this video is for a friend of mine who needs a little help and asked me if I would Help him get a message out Now this is for Pappito's Casa de Welding We were in a build-off challenge together, but that's not what this is about He has procured a house in Poland and it's a big house and he is it's big enough for 15 to 20 families and He's trying to raise money to get this house in better condition He has a go fund me page which looks like this here. You'll see it on the screen There will be a link to this page down in the description box below What he wants to do is This is an over in Poland.  Just be safe So he's trying to help people. He has some strong ties with the Ukraine his wife is Ukrainian they have family there and Things are getting bad guys. So I think what he's doing is it is a great idea and He's trying to he's trying to raise 75,000 I think that's in pounds, but you know, I mean whatever you can give would would be great and If you if you can't give monetarily Please Support in another way. Maybe, you know, please share share the page share his page Share this video and you know, let's let's get the message out So, you know, he can help his family other families, you know to be safe things are getting bad over there and Like I said, I think it's a great thing what he's trying to do and you know, it's if if more people You know would do that nowadays, you know, this is unnecessary This shouldn't be going on if more people do that, you know, the whole planet would be a better place But Again, you know the link for his go fund me page will be down in the description box below again it looks like this here and You know, Papito, you know, what you're doing is a great thing. I back you wholeheartedly a hundred percent It's amazing, you know when when people really want to pull together the things that can be done So please if anything share this video share that page any proceeds from this video will be will be put towards Towards the go fund me page so you know, Pepito Godspeed to you and your family and You know, I I for one like it says I'm back in you hundred percent I'll do all I can do to help man. And If you guys could too, it would be greatly appreciated not only by me, but by him and his family and Anyone he can get to help the house again. Like I said, we'll we'll be Big enough for 15 to 20 families So, you know, it needs some work There's some things that need to be done and he wants to get that taken care of so You know, the refugees can can have a safe place to go to So anyway guys, thanks for watching and thanks for all your help again, please please share please share the link in the description and Please share this video And we'll see you guys in the next one Shay bear I'm gone for now. Bye. Bye guys and take care