In the sequence of lectures, we have discussed basic concept of inflation, then we discussed different measures of inflation, then cost and benefits of inflation. And now we move on to another important topic regarding inflation and that is causes of inflation. What is the reason for inflation? To know the causes of inflation, we need to understand the two types of inflation because each type of inflation has different causes. So, let us go to the types of inflation. There are two types of inflation. One is demand-pull inflation and the other is cost-push inflation. Demand-pull inflation means that when the aggregate demand increases, you think that when people have more income, more money, more wealth, more assets and then they want to consume more. When their demand increases, then when more people start shopping from the market, then the prices will increase because demand has increased. This is called aggregate demand-pull or demand-pull inflation. In this, buyers bid up prices. They are not getting anything, they will be ready to pay more. They are not getting out of the car factory as much as people are ready to buy cars. So, what happens is that people are ready to pay more than the factory price but they buy cars. So, this means that the consumer himself bids up their prices and increases them. And the sellers benefit is that if they charge more, they do not get tensed because people are willing to pay more. If in normal times, they increase their prices, then people will not be able to make noise or people can reduce their consumption. But when people already have high consumption, people have high demand, then in such cases, when the sellers pass on the effect of prices on the consumer, that is, when prices increase, then they do not have much of a problem. So, in such cases, if you want to lower your inflation rate, then either you need to cut the demand, which is a tool of monetary policy, which we will discuss in detail in the topic of monetary policy. But on the other hand, it is also possible that you improve the supply conditions. That is, the supply is so much better, especially if your long-term demand is increasing or the population, for example, increases or people's incomes are increasing, then its solution is not to reduce the aggregate demand from monetary policy. That is, the aggregate demand is reduced for short-runs. If the population is increasing and the demand is being created, then there will be no role in monetary policy. In fact, what do you have to do? You have to improve your production level, whether it is by improving technology, by improving raw materials, by improving its availability or in any way, then you have to improve the supply condition. On the other hand, the second inflation is cost push. What is the inflation? Cost push. One demand is pulled, the other is cost push. Cost push means that the cost of production increases. Now this is the difference between pull and push. Look, the consumer comes to the end of the product cycle. First of all, raw material is collected, the factory is built, the labour and raw material is collected, the energy is collected, the machine is produced, the production goes to the market, the consumer comes to the consumer end point and it is at the top of the market. If the price increases, then it is pulled. Now we are saying that the cost of production is increasing. This means that we have gone to the lower level of production, so the price will be pushed from below. What does it mean? Cost of production has increased. Now, why is the cost of production increased? There can be many reasons for this. For example, oil prices have increased, so the cost of production will increase. Labour has said overall that our life is getting miserable, so our wages have increased, so the economy-wide wages have increased, real wages, for any reason, minimum wage, because of the law or any other reason, so when the cost of production has increased, the raw material availability has decreased, so the cost of production has increased. If the cost of production increases, then what will the firms do? They attempt to pass on that increase in price or that increase in cost to the consumer. If they try to pass on that, then the goods prices will also increase, the finished goods prices will also increase, although whose cost of production has increased? The raw material price has increased. Now, further, I have discussed the causes in detail that real wage can increase, your resource shortage can increase. There can be more such as depreciation of your currency. We will read this in more detail, that when your currency depreciates, then the imported raw material is expensive. Or the government increases taxes on production, like the raw material you are buying from the outside and the import of the raw material increases, because of all these reasons, the cost of inflation will increase and the cost of production will increase. Now, since we have already read the model of the demand-aggregate supply, we will analyze this demand-pull and cost-push in the model of the demand-supply. First of all, we have the aggregate supply and an aggregate demand in this diagram. You will see the aggregate demand as a routine, but the shape of the aggregate supply is different. It is horizontal, it is a positive slope and it is going to the vertical at the end. So, there is nothing like this. When you read the model of demand-supply, you also read that the long-run supply is vertical and the short-run is a positive slope or horizontal. So, these three shapes are gathered here. However, the aggregate demand and aggregate supply intersects here. The real GDP or real value of output is O inflation I and F is your equilibrium inflation. Now, what happens? We are talking about demand-pull. So, demand-pull means the demand of consumers has increased. What is the reason? There can be many reasons. Remittances have increased. Government income tax has decreased. Money supply has increased. Overall, the country's wealth has increased. There can be any reason. When aggregate demand increases, what will be the difference? With aggregate demand, your inflation rate has increased. I and F have increased. On the other hand, your GDP or output has increased by O1. So, this analysis is that when demand increases, prices or inflation increase. But here, this point is important to understand that when inflation comes from demand, inflation also increases and economic activity also increases. This is why inflation is not so harmful and its policy and response is relatively easy. Why? Because prices have increased and economic activity has increased. People benefit from it. People get a job. But where is the problem? The problem is when we have cost-push inflation. If I analyze the cost-push inflation in demand supply, I start from there where initially aggregate demand and aggregate supply intersect. The value of GDP or real output is O and inflation is I and F. Now, we say that the cost-of-production has increased for any reason. When the cost-of-production increases, aggregate supply shifts to the left side. We discussed this in the course of Monetary Economics. When expected inflation rate increases, aggregate supply shifts to the left side. Why shift? Because expected inflation rate increases and the cost-of-production increases. So, when aggregate supply increases or the oil price increases, the cost-of-production increases. So, when aggregate supply shifts to the left side for any reason, the result is that your inflation rate has increased and you get I and F. But the aggregate economic activity or output or GDP has decreased and it has become O and F. This is the difference between cost-of-production and demand-of-production. When the demand-of-production increases and the economic activity increases, people get employment. But when the cost-of-production increases and the inflation increases but the economic activity decreases and people get employment. Employment opportunities have decreased. What we will say is the condition of the stack-of-production. We call this stack-of-production as unemployment has increased and economic activity has decreased and inflation has increased too. This is a dangerous inflation and its policy response is also very technical. Next, we will ask whether it is possible that inflation does not increase and economic activity increases. So, yes, we call it non-inflationary economic growth. And then it is possible that when aggregate demand increases then in aggregate demand, if the demand increases because of the population, then you have to improve your production side too. So, when your aggregate demand increases in the economy, if something is done to increase the aggregate supply along with it, then the result will be that in the long run, your inflation rate will remain constant at its level. INF will remain on the INF star but the real GDP or aggregate output or economic activity will be 0 to 1. So, we call it non-inflationary economic growth. Thank you.


I welcome you in the course of leadership, emotional intelligence and the CN making. This is module number 54 and we are going to talk about that we have to be real, we have to act with authenticity and we have to find out that what are our core values. When we talk about our core values, remember that we have to focus that what are the sources of our values. The sources can be religion, the sources can be environment, the sources can be our own genetic code and the sources can be the relations and associations we have around us. And other than that there can be certain doctrines from which we drive our value system. So first of all we need to know that what are our sources of values. Once the sources of values are identified then we need to know that what are the values determined in your leadership perspective and when we talk about leadership perspective then we need to know that the impact of those sources of values is on us and after that when we are planning as a leader then in that context we want to take those values with us. The third thing we need to know is basically the values are persistent. The values of a person over the night are often not changed. The values over a longer period of time go with a person. Because basically they are shaping it up. Because their thinking and their thinking will be based on those values. So values are more persistent. They don't change in a smaller period of time. They don't change easily. The fourth thing we need to understand is that values are your self-image. Basically values are your own self-image.  Now when we are exploring values then there is a third exercise which your author wants you to do and that is you have to focus upon your own personal values. On a page you have to list the values between 5 to 9 and you have to write that which one among those are most important to you. And for each value, whatever you write on a page related to yourself, related to your life, you have to clarify why it is important to you in one or two sentences. So that you can analyze your own values and find out what value in life is important to you. Now for example we have core values which can be achievement related, they can be adventure related, it can be even your autonomy, it can be related to your competency, it can be courage and there are so many other values like enjoyment, it can be health, it can be inner harmony or justice or it can be related to the love. So you have to see that what are the most important ingredients of all these other value systems for you so that we can make a recipe that will bring us to success. If we conclude all this then my dear students remember that it is very important to know your values and until we are not familiar with our values, we will not be able to know what our values are and how we can evolve ourselves as an effective and efficient leader. Thank you.


They dupe people into debating war with Russia versus war with China instead of war itself. One of the most brilliant propaganda maneuvers the managers of the U.S. Empire have pulled off lately is splitting the debate over U.S. military policy along partisan lines with one side supporting aggressions against Russia and the other preferring to focus aggressions on China. In this way they've ensured that mainstream discourse remains an argument over how U.S. warmongering should occur rather than if it should. Senator Bernie Sanders has a new article out in The Guardian titled, The U.S. and China must unite to fight the climate crisis, not each other, in which he argues in favor of de-escalation measures comparable to those reached between Washington and Moscow after the Cuban Missile Crisis. Instead of spending enormous amounts of money planning for a war against each other, the U.S. and China should come to an agreement to mutually cut their military budgets and use the savings to move aggressively to improve energy efficiency, move toward sustainable energy and end our reliance on fossil fuels, Sanders argues, which is a fine sentiment as far as it goes. And it's not the first time Sanders has expressed this view. Last month in The Guardian he argued that the U.S. government should be focusing on resolving the climate crisis, quote, instead of fomenting a new cold war with China. But it's worth noting that while acting as a dovish detente proponent with regard to China, Sanders has for years been acting as a hawkish cold warrior with regard to Russia. Sanders has unequivocally stated that he supports the Biden administration's proxy war against Russia in Ukraine. Within hours of criticizing the bloated and wasteful Defense Department that cannot even pass an independent audit on Twitter last month, Sanders had voted against a special inspector general audit of billions of dollars in Ukraine war funding. Prior to the Ukraine war, Sanders had spent years pushing cold war Russia hysteria and lending the illusion of credibility to the baseless mainstream conspiracy theory that the highest office of the U.S. government had been infiltrated by the Kremlin. It's not uncommon to see mainstream liberals of the political media class pushing back somewhat against the China hawks, even while they cheerlead fanatically for nuclear brinkmanship with Russia. Mass media pundits like CNN's Fareed Zakaria have been vocally oppositional to the mad rush into a new cold war with China, while remaining enthusiastically supportive of the proxy war in Ukraine and the new Cold War escalations against Moscow. In the same way, and to the same extent, you see the political media class of the mainstream right pushing back against the war in Ukraine, while enthusiastically advocating hawkish escalations against Beijing. Tucker Carlson has been one of the most virulent anti-China propagandists in the Western world for years, but he's been critical of U.S. escalations against Russia in the Ukraine proxy war. Republican Senator Josh Howley is always on conservative media, arguing that the U.S. needs to de-escalate against Russia in order to more effectively escalate against China. Republican presidential candidate Vivek Ramaswamy has been campaigning on the platform of making peace with Russia to pull it away from its alliance with China, whom he paints as a tremendous threat and accuses of waging a modern opium war against the United States of America using fentanyl. This partisan rhetoric from pundits and politicians has had an effect on the opinions of ordinary Americans. A recent CNN poll found a significant split between Republicans and Democrats over funding for the Ukraine war. With 71% of Republicans opposing additional proxy war funding, and 62% of Democrats in favor of it. We saw these two partisan warmonger positions clash head-to-head in a recent appearance by Ramaswamy on CNN Tonight with a reliably pathetic Jim Acosta. Ramaswamy said he would freeze the current lines of control in Ukraine leaving parts of the Donbass with the Russian Federation in exchange for Putin renouncing Moscow's partnership with Beijing while Acosta huffed indignantly and accused him of letting authoritarian leaders off the hook. That sounds like a win for Putin, Acosta said of Ramaswamy's plan. The real threat we face today is Communist China, which is that much stronger when Vladimir Putin is in Xi Jinping's camp, Ramaswamy retorted. Meanwhile, normal human beings whose brains haven't been turned into clam chowder by propaganda from either mainstream faction would much prefer to avoid giant world-threatening confrontations between any nuclear armed nations. Economic warfare between nations of immense economic consequence will hurt ordinary people all around the world. Proxy conflicts will amass mountains of human corpses, and nuclear brinkmanship leaves us dangling over a horror too terrible to even imagine by a thread that gets thinner and thinner the more tensions escalate, which is precisely why so much propaganda manipulation goes into emphasizing the debate about how these conflicts should occur rather than if they should. It's not a normal human impulse to support such things. And of course, it's really the same conflict. Russia and China are in an increasingly intimate partnership because they're both being targeted by the US Empire, as they both refuse to relinquish their national sovereignty and refuse to recognize Washington as the unofficial capital of the entire planet. Both nations are targeted for subversion and subjugation, and both will be on the receiving end of US aggressions for the foreseeable future, while people are duped into cheering for one or the other by sociopathic Empire managers who want to rule the world. This manipulation, by the way, is exactly what Noam Chomsky was talking about when he said that the smart way to keep people passive and obedient is to strictly limit the spectrum of acceptable opinion, but allow very lively debate within that spectrum. The Empire will happily let everyone scream their heads off at each other all day long about whether to ramp up aggressions against Russia or China, so long as they don't ever start questioning the need for aggressions at all.


Hey you guys, we are in mid-February, I believe it's like February 13th to 14th girl, I don't know.  Anyway y'all, I got up early, actually late for me, 5.30 and really started to look into, I feel like I keep saying this, but ways that I can cut in my diet and I started looking into, I know what's really big right now is keto diet and you know, I've always looked into the paleo diet stuff like that. So yeah, I just see something that's very similar with all of those diets, it's hardly no processed foods, why? Um, no sugars, no refined sugars, a lot of leafy greens, no alcohol, girl that's cool, but it's not going to be too bad for me because I honestly probably drink down once a week, maybe, and that's wine, heart liquor, I could go months and I have a drink. So you guys probably know what day it is, Valentine's Day and this is JB Bucks girl look, this school, yeah this school activities be a little pricey every now and I do everything to save money. So you guys saw in the previous video, I already had the stuff for Valentine's Day, got the carts last year, now they're saying when I picked them up last week or two weeks ago, they were like, well your kids have to have a Valentine's Day box so they could put their carts in. Baby, I, look, this is an old, what is this, Burberry perfume box that my husband bought me, Burberry last year, this is an old box, perfume box.  I'm trying to shoot, so it doesn't really cut, hold, can't really cut, hold it in.   So anyway, I'm going to ask him, I need to be quiet, I'm going to ask him, I'm like, okay, so what time is your appointment, because there's the surgery, basically, because I need to drop him off and turn around and go pick up JB, because his, his surgery is at 1.30, JB, I see, picked up by 2.30, and this is in downtown Phoenix, right, so he's like, he doesn't even answer, he's like, I can't eat for two hours, I can't eat for two hours beforehand.   And I was like, what? Do y'all know how hard it is for a pregnant woman not to eat, chow? So no, don't tell me that you can't eat for two hours before you're going to get an eye surgery, don't care about that, drink some water. That's why I don't want to say drink some water, eat some ice. Yeah, he ain't gonna worry me. He's not gonna worry me. Mm-mm. So look, we had, I keep changing the plans on everything. And he getting on my nerves by this because he's saying, well, I don't know. I said, well, do you want to go to the movies? Oh, well, I think he said, well, I don't know how I'm gonna feel.  He said, well, no, we make, we make you out Friday. I'm like, look, you need to let me know when, because that means I gotta do my hair early. Y'all, I'm going to do those two videos.  Yeah, excuse me.  So I'm like, you need to let me know because I need to wash my hair like tomorrow, if that's the case. Well, I don't know how I get up and feel. I said, I get it. I understand. I get it. I really do. I said, I get it. I understand. So, plus, I don't think I want to go to the movies. Why is a lot of people anyway, aka on the weekend, because the flu is out of control. We all know it's an epidemic. I got on YouTube. Apparently, Leah Gordon has to flu every day when I'm on Facebook every day. Every other day when I get on Facebook, one of my friends, someone in their family has to flu. And I don't have a lot of friends on Facebook. You guys, I probably have, I have less than 500 friends.  So, all family members. And that's about it. Yeah, I'm not doing nothing. My co-work was like, this is your first year as a married couple. What are you going to do?  Hey, y'all, we just came back from whole paycheck. Look at this. Two bags. Two bags of groceries. $100. Two bags. $100. I think it's the 15th. My husband's surgery went well, but girl, oh, let me just go ahead and elaborate on that. It went really well. And we just got back from follow up for the eye specialist. And we stopped by Whole Foods to pick up some stuff because I'm like, look, I'm not cooking. I am so tired. His surgery was scheduled for 130. Asked me why they didn't call him back there to like 240. It was raining yesterday. It was cold yesterday, at least cold for us in the 50s. So I know that area a little bit is downtown Phoenix. And I knew there was a Chick-fil-A that has an indoor playground. So I'm like, look, JB, let's just pack up all our stuff because everybody in here has great hair. I don't need you to be raising anyone's blood pressure. You know, these people are here to get their cataracts done. So I took my baby, sorry, I took JB, and we went to Chick-fil-A.  I had a wrap, the vegan wrap, which is on the secret menu, and some fries. Now I've been having this every two weeks, y'all, truth be told, because the chicken to me now is salty. So I love to have, again, it's the wrap, no chicken, and they add beans and corn to it, right? So I ate it. It was good, great. Go get my husband, let me back up, an hour pass by after I've eaten it, right? Go get my, go to the, to the chiropractor's office and 30 minutes pass by. JB's with me, he's doing good. He's on his good behavior. So an hour and a half after I had eight, I'm starting to feel nauseated. Girl, I'm starting to, my stomach is hurting. I'm feeling, I'm getting cotton mouth, saliva building up. I'm like, you know what, I gotta throw up. I'm feeling queasy. I am not feeling good.  So I'm gonna take it home, which is like 40 minutes away.  And around eight o'clock towards tonight, I started to feel achy. I'm like, oh, I don't feel good at a girl all night up until it's 12 o'clock. I'm talking about chills. I had a slight fever.  Other bodily issues, basically a stomach flu. I'm still queasy. My body is still hurting. I got me some IV, I got me some IV profan. It's a Peptobismol, but one thing I did do that literally, and I should have recorded this, but I wasn't feeling good up until now. I did a detox bath. It consisted of epsom salt, baking powder, lavender oil, thieves oil. Yeah, and that's it. I soaked in that for about 30 minutes. I'm telling you, I felt so much better. I'm gonna do another one tonight before I go to bed.  But I'll do one tonight, and I'll probably do one tomorrow, and I should feel better. I should be there. So yeah, I'm gonna go ahead and get my ginger tea together, drink that off and on all day.  Maybe not tomorrow either. Look, I'm looking at cities behind me. All right, y'all. Yeah, no more Chick-fil-A for me for a while. Actually, no more eating out for me for a while anyway. Good morning. Good morning, you guys. I am making bone broth this morning after my running with the stomach flu girl, whatever the hell that was. So what this is, I took about two pounds of bones that I bought from Whole Foods and roasted those for about 45 minutes on 400 degrees. Added some bottled water, three sticks of carrots, celery, onions, ginger, and yes, this has been simmering all night. It'll probably simmer all day, because after about 24 hours, that's when it gets real good, girl. So yeah, it's gonna simmer for a while. Yeah, y'all, that's what's going on today. It's Friday, it's Friday, and I'm ready to swing. Okay, so yeah, I just have these two. So I may need to buy about two or three more at Walmart. I got a lot of stuff I got to get at Walmart, y'all. A lot of cleaning stuff. Let me see what this child is doing. I'm trying to teach JB Jabasa to get himself ready.  Wait for me to help him to get ready. So let me make sure. You okay, baby? Hey, hey, hey, hey, wait a minute.  This is what I'm talking about.  JB? I'm gonna go ahead and go then. I'm gonna go ahead and go. And I gotta go. I'll catch you later. You using that baking soda? You always use baking soda when you're trying to brush your teeth. At Walmart, y'all, I just ran into my friend's mom. She was getting ready to put a cart bag, and she's like, do you want it? I said I do. I said, now look at it. I said, you look familiar. And she's like, well, I'm not from here. I'm from Honduras. She speaks extremely proper in the form that almost like she's an educator and come to find out she's a teacher. So anyway, she's like, I'm not from here. I'm from South America. I'm from Honduras. I said, well, my friend's mom is from Honduras. She's like, well, what's your friend name again? I said D. And she's like, we actually FaceTime with you one time when JB was two years old. We don't need those right now, baby. Yeah. Come on, sweetheart. Anyway, she's like, yeah, I'm come over here, baby. She's like, yeah, I'm here in the country because you know, these traveling all around the world. I decided the last minute that we're going to go see Black Panther today, opening day, but we're going to go early like around two o'clock. They're literally showing it every 30 minutes in my local theater. So we're going to go to a clock where hopefully it won't be a lot of people. Let it go. Look at that gold lip. I really can't see the color in here. I know. We just got back from watching Black Panther. Fabulous movie. Fabulous movie.  He probably thought Black Panther and not something else, but yeah, it was a good movie. I really did enjoy it. I'm not going to give any spoilers, but by the time I upload this girl, y'all probably should have seen it by now, but absolutely loved the movie. Wasn't what I expected. There was a couple of things that I was assuming before the movie even came on and I'm glad that it met my expectations and that there were some surprises. So yeah. Good baby. Oh, you were blaming me on it. Ciao. Hey, y'all. Good morning. Good morning. It's Saturday morning. These leggings I have on are a look too dirty. Look, I'm a baking pancakes girl. I'm making pancakes. Speaking of y'all, let me, let me kind of make this to where y'all can see us. Yesterday. Yeah. Okay, JP. Yesterday, look, I am over making special foods for everyone in my household up until two or three months ago. I would make JB something special just for him and then I will cook dinner for my husband. I, I'm over that. I'm tiring and granted it wasn't like make something special. Maybe JB wanted me to make him some pancakes or I need to do something special for him. I'm not doing it anymore. He's five years old. I told my husband, I said, if you want to cook him something differently, you can, but I'm not doing it anymore. I'm not going to make a three, four course meal. So let me tell you what happened. I was snapping off y'all because I was tired. It was end of the day. This was Friday. I have been working, but I didn't go see Black Panther as y'all saw. Um, just over it all. It was a long week. I was ready for it to be over.  Thank you. So my husband doesn't know how to cook at all girl. I think the only thing he knows how to cook is goat beef and some grits and we ain't gonna eat none of that. Right. So I said, well, how's your daddy? This is one of those moments. Ask your daddy mama's got ask your daddy. And so he reluctantly after four or five ask your daddy's he finally got up. This is my husband. He finally got up reading the box of pancake mix granted. This is the only, uh, this one of those mix where all you do is add water. That's it girl. Water. That's it. So he's asking JB, okay, so where's the pancake mix? I'm like, Oh Lord, please don't work my nerves right now. So I found the pancakes mix one. And then he's like, okay, well I got to get some butter found the butter girl.  I don't want to hear it. All of a sudden I hear JBL. That's not walked in there. This man had my good cast not cast on. It was the ceramic my favorite ceramic. The heat was on medium high, which is way too high to be cooking some pancakes. Medium high. He had send the pancake out so much he was basically in there making some damn crepes.  So what have you been at some crepes and to be some pancakes. Let's say you need to put some, I said no.  You need to turn it down low. You need to put some more powder in here because it's this pancake. So way too thin for him. So two or three of those JB was like, I'm not that look now. I said, Oh my God. So I told Tom basically y'all it was like from where that scene from the color purple or Mr. went in there cooking that food for she gave and she was basically like sitting in the rocking chair and looking at him like he is going to mess this. Anyway, they happy yesterday. So yeah, anyway, we are on our way to the Goodwill. Well, first I'm going to get some coffee you guys. I'm not buying any coffee for the household for a while. I've been drinking tea, but I need some coffee this morning. Probably don't but I do. So I want to stop by give me some coffee then we're going to go to the Goodwill because I want to look at some stuff. There's a little bit of brows and I have a little extra cushion this month. So I want to look around the Goodwill and then we're going to go to the Dollar Tree. I need to buy some cleaning products around the house and then we're going to go to Staples. I'm going to take y'all with me this morning to run our errands, right? Look at this. These are pretty. I think I make it these. I think they're really I really do like these. I'm going to make it. Don't touch anything. Put it back. Put it back. Put it back. Well, that's not coffee. Yeah. What is that? I'm wearing your hair, but we got to wash your hair either today or tomorrow. Definitely. Oh, what is she doing over here? What's that? What's that? A lizard right there. He took their chameleons, I think. Okay. Let me show you guys what I got from the Goodwill. I found these beautiful. They're bowls. They look like they could be salad or soup bowls. Not soup bowls, but definitely salad bowls, but these beautiful. I like odd shape looking dishware. So these, let me show you how much it was. I left the price because you're going to don't touch that boy. Don't you dare touch it. Yes. 99 cents for each one. And I turned the back of it and it says that it's Pamela glating. Hey, put that down please. China. And I went on eBay and found a set that someone was selling for $30. Yes, scroll. And I only bought, I only spent $4 for all four of these. Not a bad deal at all. Hold on, baby. Hold on. Hold on. Okay. You ready? Now go. Wow, I should have 50 tickets. What else do you want to play? Okay. So, y'all, I'm not supposed to be watching any ratchet TV this month, but I had to give in and watch married to medicine. Are you in the bathroom? Did you go to the bathroom? Did you go to the bathroom? I watched it because I'm liking it right now. It's entertainers. It's not as ratchet. Let me tell you something. The enemy does not like marriages. He wants to see people divorced and being lustful because I logged on to Facebook and immediately clicked off when I saw this. Do you see that? Do you see that? Do you see that? Sit down, baby. Sit down, baby. Sit down. That would be Chadwick. Let me tell you something. This y'all, sorry, y'all. He's pushing me all around. When I saw that, I immediately clicked out of, well, I took in about 10 seconds. I took in about 10 seconds at the landscape and then I have to click out of that man. It's so fine. It is an overcast out here. The weather, I think it's going to start storming soon and it's been storming. My coworker says I'm hailing in her side of the town and she's on the east valley of Phoenix. It's going to start storming. Yeah. It's been getting darker stuff, but I just had my dinner early because I need to start eating early. Once I drop JB off to school in the morning, I'm going to walk. I did a HIIT exercise yesterday, which is why I'm taking a break today. I heard that you're really not supposed to do a HIIT exercise every day. I don't know why this music here is so loud. Y'all met Wanwan. One of you help us told me about Aussie having new products, but look at this by Suave. 147 hair mask. Oh yeah. I'm about to get a couple of these. Why is this music so loud? I don't get it. I don't see. This is the Aussie line, but you know what I saw and I want to try, but it's too small. Look at these hair masks. We're going to your fruities. One minute, but I wouldn't eat one of these and I don't feel like paying $6 for that right now. Hey, y'all. My days are just jacked. I'm so jacked up that the last three or four days, I've just been, I don't know. I just, I'm not together. I don't have it together. And that's very rare for Ms. Jackson, excuse me, Mrs. Denza, to not have it together. Oh, girl, get to the point. I miss JB's teacher's conference, parent teacher conference this morning. I mean, y'all see me.  I get there rushing JB and I missed it. Like, for some reason, I thought it was at 940. Girl, it ended at 940. It started at 920. Oh my God. So she was very understanding. She's like, well, why don't you come back at one? I have availability. I'm like, cool. Done. Checked my calendar. I'm like, I have another meeting at one, but I'm going to postpone that meeting to go to this parent teacher conference because yeah, just all over the place.  Let me put this on here, y'all. I just got out of a meeting with my co-worker. I love working with my co-worker and I've told her this before a couple of months ago actually. And if you work with someone who makes you feel a certain way and you get along, let them know that, you know, we're friends outside of work, really. We don't meet up a lot, but I've gone out to dinner with her and her husband before, but what's the point? I let her know that I really do enjoy working with you. It's nice to work with someone who has your back and know it's never going to try to throw you under the rug. But let me tell you how God works because I really do think that God places people together in certain situations. Let me tell you how great my God is or our God is. We used to work for the same organization at one point and we were in similar roles. We actually know people who, we know people who work, you know, at Apollo Group basically that owns University of Phoenix and WIU. It's called Apollo Group. Anyway, to the point to where I was going through documentation where she used to work there and I saw her name on rosters. So anyway, I told her, I said, once we started working, I said, did you used to work for Apollo Group? She said, yes. I said, I saw your name on old documentation. It's just like, that is so funny. So we've been working together for six years. She been with the company for 10 years and I always want to talk about this because we just got out of a meeting and we just, we vibe well together and it's good to work with people who are like that. We spend a good 30 minutes just kicking it up and just talking, talking about people we used to work with and just catching up and um, now I'm about to catch up into these cinnamon rolls, girl. I made some cinnamon rolls. Let me get the icing, y'all. I used to be so greedy. Nothing, I'm not, I'm not as greedy as I used to be, but I used to be so greedy that I would make my own caramel sauce from scratch. I will mix it with the one that comes with this. I will pour it on top, but I'm not done. Then I will sprinkle some nuts on top, cinnamon at home. I want to tell y'all, oh, let me show y'all what I bought from Walmart. Hold on. I don't know what I'm talking so loud. And I'll show y'all what I'm cooking later on. I'm making hot wings, greens, my husband's coming back, potatoes and corn. Let me show you what I bought. I'm going to review on this. Swab has new packages. I couldn't help it, y'all. Almond and shea butter, deep conditioning and coconut milk, deep conditioning mask. I'm going to do one on this side, one on this side. So you guys, these are the, the fabric I picked up from Walmart. Let me show you all the one I got. Stop it, baby. Got this nice pattern, polka dot one, maroon, blue and this gray stripe. Now, what these are, are basically, um, like fabric swatches, not really yet. Kind of sorta. Yeah. Those fabric squares, they only sell for like 97, 96 cents. And so I have one, two, three. So even though I have, hold on, baby, even though I have five here, I'm going to make about seven of them. So example, I'm going to pair up this polka dot one and blue one to make one. I'm also going to pair up this pattern and this blue baby. I'm going to pair up this pattern and a blue one to make another one. So I could make about, like I said, about seven or eight out of this. And then I'm going to, this is going to be no sew, by the way. I'm going to be making, um, using these clips and super glue the clip on the back. Hey, y'all. So these are all the ties, the bow ties I did. Um, and I'm linking, you need to hush, baby. I'll be linking below the video I looked at to do it. Um, I mean, these are very simple, but, um, they all look fairly different because I freehand some of them. Like this right here is a little skinnier.  This right here is a little bit skinnier. Whereas, you know, some of these are wider, like see how wide this one is.  Some of these I'm going to go back and sew so that it'll make it a little bit, um, I don't know, a little bit tighter in my opinion. This right here is my favorite one. It looks, it looks to me this, um, he said that he likes this one. Girls. Okay. So I'm going to show y'all what it looks like on next, in the shirt. So yeah, I have to go back and make that a little bit better like that. I like this one. And what I did is I purchased some of these clips like this, two or three dollars and just glued it on the back like this. So that literally we'll just clip in like that. Isn't that cute y'all? So all of this together cost me seven or eight bucks. And we got one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight bows. Hey, I'm in my closet trying to figure out what I'm going to wear. We're going to go out to eat on Saturday and hold on y'all. And I'm trying to figure out what I'm going to wear Sunday for church. I already got that figured out. The temperature has dropped y'all. So it's a little chilly.  You hear that way? Is it, you see this cardigan? Isn't this cute? This cute little lip print cardigan. But then I'm going to pair it with these, um, tights. These t-shirt looking, you see that? That'll be cute, huh? I've worn these once before and my boots. And then I just picked up a simple dress for, um, Sunday. But yeah, y'all, I was talking to my best friend. Whenever I, I need just, she's my best friend for a reason.  I don't even think it's been that long, but it's been out. It felt like it's been a while, but I told her, I said, I want to avoid those sugary drinks.  She stated that, which makes, which is really good advice, but I don't think I'm going to do it only because she said that she makes herself a drink at home so that she can control what's in it. Basically can control the sugar. And then when she's out, she has like wine glass and wine and that's it.  She starts off at home and then finish off afterwards. You want some more? Okay, baby. I gather.  Sorry, y'all, before I was rudely interrupted. Look, yeah, I'm going to have to go and get some new glasses soon. I try to get glasses every two years. These glasses are about two years old. And I like these glasses because they kind of look like Tiffany glasses. These glasses or my Versace glasses, you guys typically see me wear these a lot. The red ones. And then I have another pair back here. These black ones. Anyway, I'm going to show you all my glasses, but girl, I'm toying back and forth whether or not I want to do that because I literally have two boxes of contact love for the entire year. Now, if you're familiar with your eye insurance, you can only use it for contacts or glasses. And when I looked up how much my contacts would cost with my insurance, I can get half a year with a discount code through Lenscrafts. I calculated it came up to the five dollars. Y'all, five dollars as opposed to probably out of pocket for new glasses. It'll be like 150. It's what I'm my budget is going to be about 150 dollars. Um, what's going to say? So I don't know if I told y'all, but my plastic surgery is scheduled for May, mid-May. So girl, yes, I will be snatched by my birthday. My birthday is August 11th. I'm definitely snatched in time for the reunion. I was telling my, my sister that she was like, oh, so you're going to be good and ready by the time your high school reunion comes. I said, yes ma'am. So yeah, May, May 17th is when I scheduled it. And of course, Sigmund came back and said we have, um, what is it? We were approved it between these dates, girl. They're like February to May 19th. It's the window. You have to have it done. And I'm pretty sure if I wouldn't schedule it in between the afternoon, the entire process over again. So yeah, when it hadn't gotten there, but one of the things I want to do, I believe in thanking people, especially when they helped me to do something like this. So I've been going to this chiropractor who my husband was also going to mostly, um, two years ago. I've been going to this particular chiropractor often off for two years with last year, me going consistently. So he was always just very understanding, very empathetic. He even wrote me a letter and included a letter in the documentation that I sent to SIGNA, my insurance, basically recommending that I get, um, breast reduction. So anyway, long story short, I'm going to be making him some brownies, the entire office. I'm going to making them, um, a batch of brownies because I know I was given, so I was definitely given that office manager, not necessarily a hard time, but we was going back and forth with the plan of care. All right. So let me show you, I want to cook and you have to ignore the vent, um, to speed up the process with my potatoes. What's that? Oh, I will boil them these and I'm going to pop these into the oven. I'm going to drink with olive oil, I have onion powder, garlic powder, black pepper, paprika, Italian seasonings, and I'm going to bake these at 375, about 25 minutes. Um, along with that, I have some chicken wings here, not chicken wings, drumettes. Um, I made a sauce here of ketchup, barbecue sauce, hot sauce, a little bit of butter, mostly olive oil. Um, did I say barbecue sauce? Here are my greens, cabbage, carrots, jalapenos, garlic, so good. And I have some corn over here boiling and I have a cake here baking. This is just one cake pan, nine inch cake pan that I'm going to serrate and have. Yummy. These are, no, baby, these are blueberries. They're not grape. Here's the cake you guys, very light, butter cake with whipped cream. And last, yeah, look at that chicken. Look at that chicken. Yeah, you better have the devil's alive. And here are the red potatoes. So that's it you guys. My husband is in the back. I don't know what he's on. I think he's in a meeting. So that is it for this vlog. Bye you guys. Hold on y'all. Here, baby. And sugar is the most yummy candy.


I mean you're hearing this story and but do you see a role that the government can can have as Josie was saying in terms of galvanizing in terms of facilitating this or is it something that you should be just doing anyway I mean this is something that you should do as Walmart and you don't need help you go and do it anyway or is there is there a broader alliance as was being suggested that can be formed. Yeah quickly the answer is yes and yes but we are working quite frankly in ways we've never worked before. We're working with governments not in the United States but around the world but also to working with our key suppliers and also even our competition in areas around how broadly user work sustainability but also now to an agriculture as well and so we have a network of NGOs of governments of suppliers of other retailers academics in many areas thought leaders in many areas 14 of these networks one of them is around agriculture though they're very large 800 people involved but we are working now on what are the best sciences what are the things that we can work together to develop standards to develop best practices and we're doing that specifically in the large impact areas of which obviously agriculture is one of those and happy to say that after today's events that we had and this event that we're all in today that I think will be accelerating our efforts around sustainability and agriculture and certainly the efforts that we're doing our open source anything that we learn in this area we are sharing whether what including our competition and working with a number of universities and stakeholders now to get that information out and do more research around it and they're very interesting and I think I mean I'm going to deviate the fraction from sort of pure food security to ask a question which is critical obviously to food security around issues to do with sustainability to do with the environment to do with climate change I mean I heard you mentioned sort of zero tillage and conservation farming earlier and I mean the kinds of developments that this requires you know to broaden that out to include issues of climate change mitigation issues into farming and to look at conservation farming in that does it also require a new kind of partnership you know do we need to be reaching out beyond just the traditional agriculture sector in this sense to to the environment sector and to other sectors Gabrielle I'm going to ask you Well definitely it definitely requires because telling you the situation at the European Union the European Union is now putting a lot of restrictions on the farmers in terms of adopting practices which are more environmentally friendly and but then they are very strict on the food safety at one point when we when the European Union started with that we were a bit worried because we didn't have the tools for that so some farmers we had to decide do you want to do we want to stay in business or not yes we do so we have to solve the problem many of us went into the conservation agriculture practices with to the IPM integrated past management and simultaneously in the European Union gave us a fund or subsidy to go faster into these kinds of practices the only thing is that at the same time they are giving us a funding but they are forbidding us to do some things they are retiring from the market many pesticides so now we're funding ourselves in a situation where we are asked to produce but we don't have the tools or we have too much restraints or constraints that's why I particularly and some farmers we tend to talk that the European Union if she wants it wants to go towards a more sustainable agriculture if they want us to increase no till surface if they want just to kill integrated past management is not enough to give us a fund or subsidy because many of the times it doesn't compensate for the loss you might have because you are implementing these practices so one of the things one of the ways we find we should be able to do and the European Union should permit us to do where the biotech crops you may know that we all can only grow BT corn in Europe there's an enormous opposition to the biotech crops by missing very much misinformed people the society journalists and we're getting to a sort of narrow street where if we don't have enough tools we cannot be efficient producing and being sustainable at the same time so I mean Robert I mean this I mean it's often how do you respond to this in the sense I think for like for African farmers or farmers in Asia this is even going to be more pressing as the impacts of climate change really take effect of this trade-off between food security and climate change is there a trade-off that you know do we need that that's a very pertinent question before Al Gore's movie came out an inconvenient truth I used to talk about a convenient convergence of this nexus of food security and climate change and that is basically that addressing and I think one of our speakers this morning alluded to this that when you address the the challenges that that smallholders particularly rice farmers are facing drought floods sea water intrusion etc. that are being becoming more of a concern because of climate change you also address the needs that are directly affecting or challenges that are attracting directly affecting farmers today so I think it's not an either or kind of thing and likewise when you look at the the challenge of challenges of greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating the the impact of agriculture on greenhouse gas emissions managed properly their economically should be very attractive to farmers economically so I think that by applying ourselves and looking at the challenges from the perspectives both of the farmers needs today the needs of the environment tomorrow and the challenges that will be facing farmers in the future we have an opportunity to develop multiple-win solutions and multiple-win scenarios and I'm extremely sympathetic with the European farmer who is instead of being allowed to to take the best of technology and aggressively meet the demands of society that same society is placing constraints on the farmers and I hope that that doesn't happen in developing countries let me just add a couple of things and some of these points first of all I think we cannot allow our food security effort to be seen as a Trojan horse for ag biotech I think that's that's important at the same time I do think we've got to bring ag biotech to the forefront of the discussion and not as a silver bullet but as a way of addressing climate issues of addressing hunger and addressing some of the needs of some of the countries that have the most need one of the things that we're trying to do in the State Department is to partner with companies to partner with government and partners and actually I've had some success in the couple of countries of trying to work with the regulators to create alliances to have them come to the US to have them to engage in capacity building with a lot of land grant universities to try to build some of the alliances and basically to try and get the regulators comfortable with the technology part of what's going on here as I go around the world is a desire to look at the issue but a real insecurity and an unwillingness to take that step as a regulator that creates a risk so so the need to to build alliances and then also with regulators also from a government point of view to try and work with industry to anticipate some of these problems some of these problems in biotech we know are coming we know that but oftentimes the people in our in our bureau support supposed to deal with this issue just learn about that fact that when it's too late and so one of the things that we've got to get better at is anticipating roadblocks as well as building alliances I mean I think as we see more volatility you you're going to see that that need for more understanding risk and the complex nature of risk and the kinds of solutions and technologies and you know the balance that you have in terms of either transferring that risk mitigating that risk reducing that risk and you know how that stuff but I mean you know back from the private sector side this whole issue of trying to enhance food security balance that with the growing you know perceived needs of climate change the impact mitigation that's going to be required there but also the adaptation and you know how that stuff how do you deal with that from from a company that's a large question a couple different things I guess the one thing is you don't come to the world food price and you know get small question questions but you know we look at it now I guess for a very oldestic sense as the world's largest retailer we want to grow our business we want to serve more people we want to sell more products to them and so food security assuring the supply selling quality products that they at a very affordable price is core to our our business sustainability and so we are working in ways we ever worked before developing from literally from a farm up products increasing heritage agriculture in the United States but also working abroad in sourcing as a means of development so that we can have those products on our store shelves and provide those customers who do shop in our stores so it's a very broad and very big issue but you know we oftentimes get stuck on unintended consequences of what some of the things we do ultimately cause and I'd say though the one the one real benefit that we have had as a company over the last several years is that we're starting to see what I'll call I attended benefits of what we are doing in other areas and we mentioned our you mentioned greenhouse gases we made well I'll say not a simple change but a goal set to only source or only use the standard source palm oil in our prior brand products products that Walmart designs and works with manufacturers to create for us that one small move is going to remove about five million metric tons of greenhouse gases permanently from the environment and so looking at the major impact areas the major issues and doing all cause relatively small things that have big impacts is what our focus is on we can all work on small thanks and they will create momentum they will create change but I think the key is is to really focus on a couple of the really big issues work together collaboratively which I think is a company we are doing and then start making progress against some of the big things that we are trying as a global group of people here to make a difference around and I think that's the key can I ask though I mean well you've got the microphone do you think let us take palm oil you know it's a fairly challenging area and I was with the Minister of Environment from Malaysia recently and he was talking about the establishment of the round table on sustainable palm oil that's the name of these and what what he was saying was you know before that there weren't really the institutional resources at a country level to deal with these kinds of complex partnerships that are being required which which deal with small holder farming issues you know bringing you know sort of climate change related issues and all of that and so for them they've actually had to go through a whole learning curve to create the kind of institutional frameworks in this case the round table on sustainable palm oil which is a merger between you know WWF and Oxfam and the companies and all of that a very different kind of framework so do you think there's a need for a new kind of type of brokerage facilitation institution that will allow small holder farmers to engage in these big discussion topics that are going to impact on them significantly and I'll ask you and then I'll pass this over here maybe to their very well be in the future I think today some of the groups you mentioned and certainly WWF their CEO Carter Roberts was actually in our meeting today and has helped us tremendously in giving us the information and educating us on what we cannot do so certainly I think over time and hopefully of our signal our statement our commitment today around the sourcing of palm oil for our private brands that is the Stanley source will create a larger demand but also to then hopefully the equal supply and move more markets towards being harvested in that matter but I think over time you're going to get beyond the capabilities of what's in place today and so what the future holds I'm not sure but I think certainly bikes game the the right direction started is some that we started today and I hope others do and certainly I think the momentum is starting to build just anyone I mean from your side you see I mean I I've seen this very much you know in terms of developing things like the agricultural growth corridor in Tanzania and in Mozambique the children yet the role or the non-existence or the existence of these times of new facilitating broker in partnership platforms at a country level have been critical but they they don't exist terribly much you know as such today so we're having to rethink this a bit do you do you share that or is that how do you see that I share that I I in fact one of the things that I think we need to do is to create some leverage some of these institutions to try and work with them either on a regional basis or on a product basis for example in East Africa why can't we work rather than asking our companies to work with specific countries individually why can't we work with the East Africa community only much more regional much more general approach that's going to make it worse it for for our companies and companies around the world that may not particularly want to go into one one country to work with them regionally and that's if you take that approach you can do that on the climate change side you can do that on the on the regulatory side you can do it in Central America there are a number of places but I do think we've got to wrap it up because if we do it individually maybe your grandchildren will see it and it'll take too long Gabriella I mean do you think these these from where you were doing when you were trying to put this partnership together say I'm sugar beet with Italian and Spanish you know farmers coming in with their technologies I mean is the institutional framework there to support you to do this well this sugar beet some experience we didn't have any support so the industry and the farmers paid for that and we paid and Spanish Institute to give us all the know-how and the varieties but in other sectors like in the cereal sector and in no till we have been able to apply to some programs of the European Union and be supported for some of the institutes who had done that research Robert you can come in if you want otherwise I thought we've gone about 10 or 12 minutes left I'm sure there's a couple of questions out there I've got a couple more I'd like to find out more about cell phone technology and financing and some of this alternative expanding the partnership model even further but I will hold my thoughts and I will see if anyone if you come to the microphone which people already are that's great give your name where you're from and ask keep your questions very concise or I will cut you off because we've only got the 10 minutes so very sure Angela Warnicki I work at General Mills originally I'm Canyon I love that format is now in Africa because I know that you know how to market to people of all socio-economic status so what is your vision for Africa because our farmers need a market? so your vision for Africa well I think you're commenting on our recent initial movement to acquire a retailer named Massmart in Africa that's not been finalized yet so I would obviously be a little premature in saying a plan that we have ready to roll out in in that country but suffice to say having as a company spend a great deal of time in your country or in Africa that it is a market that we're very interested in that we see tremendous opportunity for growth but also to from supplying products that we also sell in our stores globally so hopefully if everything goes well time will tell we will be a new corporation in Africa shortly this is Patrick Benz from Seattle Washington my question is particularly to Matt Kisler an important element of sustainability is the social equity component in which the small farmer in this case has some greater participation in the value added of their product sometimes this is seen as fair trade product but generally the idea is that the producer of the agricultural product gets somewhat greater return for their effort when you have large market power forces in the purchasing side it's very difficult to come to an equation where there is greater equity at the producer level what is Walmart's thinking about how to incorporate more of a fair trade a more of social equity participation for the small farmer in agricultural products that you sell thank you are two parts that questions I'll try to address both hopefully that takes care of it number one is we are the world's largest purchaser of fair trade product whether it be bananas coffee roses we are a very large purchaser of all those goods personally I've been to Brazil I've seen the efforts that fair trade has done with the coffee growers in Brazil and elsewhere and we continue to do that and we are also marking that product to our customer and hopefully if any of you do shop at Walmart you'll see those products on the shelf and you can help move us all in that direction because certainly I'm a big supporter of it work very closely with TransFair and Paul Rice and others and it's certainly a market we see growing not only domestically but also globally with regard to farmers globally we are working in all the markets that we're in to increase our direct relationships with farmers and by doing so actually increasing their income in developing countries by 10 to 15 percent because we are working directly with them versus going through cooperatives or other middle people in the supply chain and so not only does it make our business more sustainable but I also to the customer standpoint we're delivering much fresher much higher quality product to them and doing it in a more environmental and obviously socially sustainable manner so two big initiatives that we are very supportive of seeing tremendous opportunity and are developing as fast as we possibly can. So my question is to Director General International Research Institute, I'm Ravi Chandran, former from India, Tamil Nadu. The success story of IR8 is still vivid in my memory. The ADT-2027 developed by Audra with the support of Geery that made tremendous impact on our economic performance. Even now, IR-20 and IR-50 are still popular. In the luncheon session, the CEO of the Minister Jeff appointed about the flood-colored variety. In fact, he displayed a slide also. It is very amazing. My place is the flood-colored area. What is the research work on GM rice and kidney? Since we have a variety of problems like biotic and high-biotic stress, we need saline, blood-colored, drug-colored variety and other biotic breast disease and kidney problem. All such things we need. Is there any research work going on in IRi? Yes, in a word, yes. We have quite a bit of activity in precisely the areas you outlined. The vast majority of that work uses tools of biotechnology, particularly marker-assisted selection. Very little of it, if any, is involving the use of transgenic or GMOs. We are moving these materials with our partners across Asia, in particular in South Asia and India, through various state governments, universities, and we are seeing them actually move into farmers' fields. In Tamil Nadu, looking at the partnership with the Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, we expect to have these materials moving out and benefiting yourself and your colleagues in the rice fields over the next several years. Golden Rice Project? Golden Rice is in its final stages. As we speak, it is being field-tested. We have transferred the pro-vitamin A beta-carotene capacity to the background of varieties that farmers know and like. For example, IR64, that you're sure you're familiar with, that's grown by many farmers in India. Equally, popular varieties in Bangladesh, Vietnam, and the Philippines. So, up to the back, just one more question. Thank you. I'm just moving through. You can grab it as he steps off the stage to take that a bit further. Paul Castle from the San Jenta Foundation, I'm afraid it's another Walmart question. Fair trade always suggests to me that everything else on the shelf is unfair trade and it'd be nice in the markets where you have enormous power to influence consumer thinking if we got away from that idea that there's fair trade and something else. I'd be interested to hear your views on getting together with your competitors and helping consumers getting away from the idea that everything's got to be cheaper and cheaper and cheaper because that, I suspect, is not good news for the small and medium-sized farms that you now want to buy more from. Congratulations on that. Like your thoughts on getting consumers away from the low-low price idea and getting more of that, building on that previous question, back to whatever you mean by small and medium farmers. I'm not sure what you mean by that. That's a definition that varies greatly by market and certainly what we have here is the small and medium-sized farmer in the United States is different than this in the mobile countries. But to answer your question, we serve a variety of customers and our core customer in the United States, and I'll speak of that because I'll speak globally, but in the United States, is a customer who earns about $50,000 a year. And in today's economic situation, it is amazing to me the purchasing behavior we see, page of cycles and purchasing food at midnight because that is when the cash hits their bank accounts. And so while it, it would be in some ways great to have fair trade, prod, universal, and not have to market that prod, we need a variety of products on our shelves that allow everybody to eat and provide for their families. And so we provide that large portfolio products, whether it be fair trade, whether it be organic, whether it be rainforest alliance that are available to the core customer for them to make the decision. I'm happy to say that we see pickup of these more socially responsible products all the time, but to move all of our offering to them quite frankly will be financially not the right thing to do, but also to not provide for our core customer who today is struggling in the United States. And so we are working to make all of our products have the same benefits. That's one of the products that we all speak of favorably to move that direction. But today, the, the, the overrush economic system just won't allow us to do that yet. But if it can, we certainly are wanting to move that more socially more in a more responsibly way and we'll market them accordingly. Okay, very quick last question because I'm being waived at here on the front. Yeah, my name is Elissa and I'm with Oxfam Action Core. And I think that this has been a useful discussion of the collaboration between the institutions. But small holders are the ones experiencing problems firsthand. And it would seem that their voices have to travel so far to reach you or people like you. And I'm curious to know what specifically you're doing to bridge this gap and to ensure that voices are heard, giving the power they deserve, and also included in working towards solutions. Was that too warm? Or was that just general to the panel? Well, we have all worried. Can I just say because we've got two minutes on. So if we could maybe, I think it's a very important question, this one, as to how are we reaching out to small holders? If I could just ask you to just quickly, you know, making sure that


Sometimes when you're working in our studio, you may run into a situation where you need to add a code block to a worksheet. In this case here in Rehearse 2 of Lab 6, we only have one empty code block up here for CodeChunk 3. And in the instructions on the website, it appears that you need another code block. What do you do? Well, you can always add code blocks to our markdown pages very simply. I'm going to put my cursor here to a place that I want to add additional code block. I go up to the plus C, insert a new code chunk, click on the down arrow, and then select I want an R code chunk, which it tells me. And there's my empty code block so I could paste in, copy and paste in the libraries that it had on the top, and then a place for additional code to run like that. You can do this anytime you think you need to run code, or if you want to just test some code out. Put in another code block, test out the code, and then if you like it, you can reuse it. If not, you can just delete it, highlight, delete. So that's all there is to it, to insert plus C, R, and then to delete just to highlight and delete. I hope this helps.


Hello and welcome to the Monday market update with me David Madden. Today's date is Monday the 12th of November 2018 And the time has just gone at 9 20 GMT It's been a fairly mixed start to the session here in Europe. Most European equity markets are lower The FTSE 100 is slightly higher this morning though The main news all of Europe this week is going to be Italy The Italian government and Brussels are sort of loggerheads over the Italian government Planned increase of the budget deficit. So essentially the European Union rejected Italy's initial proposal to increase the budget budget deficit So the ball has been passed back to Rome and they have until tomorrow to resubmit new budgets to the European Union and it sounds to me like the Italian government have no intention of actually changing or making any drastic changes to the proposals So that that is is the case If you have the Brussels if you want to actually pursue a punishment for for the Italian government in the forms of financial fines But given that Italy is such an as such enormous government bond market It's a third largest government bond market in the world any kind of upheaval Upheaval could push the Italian government bond yields higher and put pressure at the Italian banking system And that could potentially trigger another round of the eurozone debt crisis also also going on Is the news in the oil market? oil had a major once again a major sell-off at the back end of last week As countries like the United States Russia and Saudi Arabia Are trading either in terms of in terms of production or either at or near their all-time production But over the weekend we heard that Saudi Arabia are looking to reduce their output for the month of december And it's also talked that Saudi Arabia and the junction with Russia are looking at actually curbing their Their production in 2019. So we have seen a bounce back in the price of oil the lower oil prices was also was also going to feeding into the fact that The demand for oil is Supply of oil is high people are requesting is the demand for oil going to be low As demand is low in the future. Is that because global growth is slow? So that that's also been an issue Overnight equity market in Asia Finished hiring sessions. There's no major news out of Asia. The one going to pause the story was Ali Baba The the retail company out of china. They had a record singles day This year single day completely smashed Last year's which was a which was a record last year So it was it's encouraging to see it that they're a strong retail environment still going on in China Despite the fact that the economy is cooling Brexit is also going to be on the agenda here in the uk Theresa May is in a very difficult decision as as a whole seems to be the case recently Joe Johnson has resigned from the government as a over the weekend Theresa May is in a tricky position because the hardline Brexiteers of the Tory party They don't want to have it wound up in a scenario by the uk Is essentially stuck in the customs union And definitely until a an agreement can be reached in relation to the back in relation to the Irish border And the democratic unionist party of northern Ireland to your property of Theresa May attend Downing Street Then what northern Ireland treated differently from great britain post brexit So it's a difficult balancing act for mason may so it's going to be a tough time for her I've likely going to be a tough time for the british pound this week as well I take a look now at some of the major markets and See how things are playing out Excuse me, uh, starting off looking at the footsie 100 I'm looking at that on a weekly chart for a very good reason I want to take a look at this red line here at the 200 a 200 week 200 week moving average this red line here essentially the footsie trader Basically traded below it In late october but we've since then we have pushed higher So while we hold above this red line here the 200 week moving average at 69 64 We could see the market edge a bit higher It you know, it's that will be a break below that will be quite negative So while we remain positive things could look okay It is a bit concerning though that we haven't actually taken out The highs of late october So we are below the highs of the october but once we're above why we were made above the 200 week moving average We could see further ground to the upside being made and if you do push on higher We could be looking heading up towards 70 to 20 This region here and if you go beyond 70 to 20 We could be looking at targeting this red line here at the 200 day moving average at a 7904 and a break back below a break back below the a break back below The 200 week moving average Which would come into play at 69 64 could bring the February to bring the February low of Of 68 38 in the play and a break below that could take us back down towards 66 78 Take a look now. What's going on over in germany I'll flip over to the weekly chart because once again I want to look at the 200 week moving average this red line here is the 200 week moving average on the germarket at the dex Notice how we have traded above it, but we are trading pretty much back on it again Our pretty much the 200 week moving average comes in play at 11504 We're currently trading 11400 and 48 so we're a bit below the 200 week moving average While we remain below it that is That is a negative sign and if you do do it If you do remain below it I could take the push on low from here. We could be looking at retesting That the october low all just north of 11,000 11,050 And if you go below that with any printing new multi-month lows and the cuba link heading back down towards 11,000 Move to the upside on the on the on the germarket Roots to the upside. We could see resistance coming to play At this blue line here the 50 d moving average which comes into play at 11,848 and move beyond that Could bring say 12,000 into play and notice how this trend line here from the highs of june through the highs of july And also to the highs of september We're coming to play just beyond that about 11,000. Sorry about 12,020. So there that was keep an eye out for to the upside on the On the backs I take a look now at the italian market because italy is going to be very much in focus this week So italian market has been in a fairly obvious downward trend for a number of months But we have managed to actually bounce back But notice how the market appears to be turning over all itself yet again another If market continues to turn over itself We could be looking at falling back to 19,000 and then below that we could be looking at every test in the october low of 18,415 And if we go beyond that we could be getting back down towards 18,000 Move to the upside in italian market if we do manage to actually take out This blue line here the 50 moving average at just north of 20,000 to 20,066 We're going to be heading toward this yellow line here at the 180 moving average at 20,737 Notice how it didn't actually quite up to it But it since it wasn't quite essentially resistant, but it wasn't too far away from it So if the market shied away from it before what our day moving average it could shy away from it again Take a look now at the u.s. Markets, which are in far better shape than their european counterparts Starting off looking at the dow Jones if you draw a trend line between the lows of 2018 Which is february 2018 Through mark to the lows of march April and may we get this trend line here Notice how the market did trade below this trend line, but it did close above it And the market has since the close above it the market Managed to actually going to make a very decent move to the upside. So while we hold above this trend line It's likely we could see for the gains being made on the dow Jones Notice how we're well above this red line here at the 280 moving average which comes into play 25,103 So we're in fairly decent shape on the dow Jones that ground. We haven't given back some of the gains We're not too far away from the 50 moving average this blue line here at 25,883 And if you look to kind of push on higher we keep looking at Testing the recent highs from the back end of last week And if we go beyond that we could be looking at any up towards this region here from around 25,000 Apologies 25 26,520 600 and then if you go beyond that we could be looking any up towards the 27 27,000 mark If you do have a break below this trend line here, which you come into play in around 24,450 They're there about that will be a fairly a bearish sign of a good point to further losses And also take a look at the S&P 500 Similar situation It's getting very it's getting decent trend line support from a trend line Which was much further back from the lows of february 2016 to the lows of november 2016. You draw this trend line along here apologies Notice how the market actually Perfectly respected in the end the trend line here. So we're well above the trend line support On top of that we are fairly comfortably above The 200 d moving average this red line here, which comes into play at 2762 and why we remain north of that It's likely we could see The S&P 500 push higher if it do push on higher from here We could really be looking at retesting at the 1 or d moving average this yellow line here, which comes into play At 2822 and if you go beyond that you could be looking heading up towards this area here these lows here from september at 2872 and if you go beyond that we've been looking at retesting the old-time highs Once again, it's only if you drop back below the d moving average You could be looking at retesting 2700 and a break below 2700 might bring the the trend line support into play Which should be in around 2620 and of course if you go below below that we'll be looking at targeting 2600 and a break below that will then point to would be will be quite bearish indeed a point to further losses Take a look now what's going on the gold market has been a fairly strong inverse relation between gold And the u.s. Dollar recently we've seen a bit of a move to the upside in the u.s. Dollar So it's no surprise you've seen a bit of a sell-off in gold in recent sessions You can see all these red candles here and even though it isn't a massive move. It is still significant though that the gold This morning traded back to 11 not seen since since mid-october So we're basically at a one month low for the price of gold, which isn't enormous But gold has been very has been experienced low volatility recently. So a one month low is More significant than it sounds If you could look to continue to push on north from here, we could be looking at targeting 1200 A break below 1200 might bring the september lows in the play 1180 and a below 1180 if you were looking at back down towards 1160 Move to the upside in gold Gains could be kept in around this area here at 1243 and if you go beyond that the next day to keep them f4 Will be this region here at 1265 Take a look now what's going on the old market as I said all was under enormous pressure For a couple of weeks, but we have seen a bit of a bounce back today. This is Quite a quite a sizable move in the in the old market and working a brain crude oil provide Every multi-year highs here in early october and then it was I think quite a very heavy round of losses In recent months in recent weeks notice how The market actually almost well respected this this this price here at basically $69 a barrel As much to push on higher from here if the wider downward trend Continues we could be breaking back below breaking below 69 I bring them this area and into into play at 60 67 spot 50 Move to the upside may run into resistance at the 200 moving average this red line here at 74 spot 11 And then if you go beyond that 75 this region here 75 might act as resistance Take a look now at WTI, which is is in even worse shape than Brent if you can believe it So so the WTI market has been Experienced a far largest sell-off as you can see here then the then it's Brent counterpart Once again, we have seen a bit of a push higher here though as of this morning But if the downward trend does continue, we could be looking any back down towards The the February February 2018 low of Of a 58 10 if the downward trend does continue a bounce back may run into resistance in around this area here 62 spot 50 and if you go beyond that we could be looking up towards 65 dollars a barrel and if you go beyond 65 dollars a barrel of WTI The 200 moving average This red line here at 67 spot 53 make them into play and notice how how far below WTI is below its purity moving average that gives you an indication of how bearish a sentiment currently is Take a look now at the euro dollar So as of this morning the euro Broke through the august lows. So back down to levels not seen since June 2017 So once you get an indication of how bearish things are on the euro is partially driven by the certainly throughout the Italy So as I said, we've now created, you know, the lowest level than over a year, you know, multi multi multi multi multi month lows If you dig it into push on lower from here, we could be looking any back down towards this area here at one spot 1110 And he moves to the upside In euro dollar mirror into resistance in around the kind of 113 mark 113 did act a decent support not too long ago So it may act as a resistance in the near term and if you do go beyond 113 We could be like heading up towards 115 115 10 this area here Take a look at pound dollar. As I said that the pounds under pressure on the back of a continued uncertainty. It's already Brexit So the wider term view has been between april and august pound dollar was in a fairly obvious downward trend It's just a bit of a comeback In august but once again, it would appear that we could be looking for The market could be turning over itself and falling into the that was the wider downward trend because notice how the highs and how the highs We see a succession of lower highs here We had a decent bounce back in september But then with the rally in october fail to take off the valley in september and the rally in november fail to take off The rally in october So a series of lower highs here and so we could see a series of lower lows kicking we could do After market gets pushed on lower here We could be looking at retesting the october lows and if you go beyond that we could be looking at retesting The august low which comes to play at one spot 2661 moves to the upside Maybe run into resistance from the in this this area here You know, he had made october highs in around the one spot 3250 area And if you go beyond that we could be looking at heading up towards this area here The early july high one spot 3361 I take a quick look at the week ahead If you go to our website Cmcmarkets.com and under news and analysis, you will find the week ahead video week ahead both video and written article So on Tuesday went on Tuesday wednesday We have uk cpi unemployment and wages on Tuesday tomorrow We have first half figures from vodafone and Tuesday We have third quarter figures from home depot in the us on Tuesday wednesday We have a number of real estate investment trust companies from the uk reporting land securities British land and works and work workspace all their first half figures On wednesday we have a number of economic indicators from china fixed assets investment Retail sales and industrial production Wednesday and thursday we have us inflation and us retail sales and wednesday and friday We have eurozone gdp and eurozone cpi it's also worth Noting if you go to our website cmcmarkets.com and under the learn section and they go to webinars and events tonight On monday the 12th of november 7 p.m. UK time 1900 GMT We have a webinar you can attend Twitter development program part two It is free to sign up. So this is where you can sign up for that webinar It's also what I want to put a few things in our training platform under This is here is a section called insights some of the articles that we do get posted to our news site of the actual website Some of the updates that we do and the market analyst team get posted to insight Insight can be found under market pulse second option down breaking news throughout the day and an economic Economic announcements and also some of the updates that we do get both the insights also want to talk about chart form, which is here Chart form essentially take a screenshot of a chart and write a write a As some short commentary on the price action anybody can add to this not just market analysts clients can add to this as well So feel free to interact and use chart form Chart form can be found once again under market pulse and as a third option down And if you have any comments on this video or any other videos we've made here at cmc markets Please feel free to leave review on google reviews and that's all for me this week. Thank you very much


Hello, I am Dr. Shibin Samson, junior resident, department of radio diagnosis from K.S. Ignorant Medical Academy in Nangalore. I am wrestling a paper on the role of Neurosonogram in germinol matrix hemorrhage. Coming to the background, germinol matrix in intraventricular hemorrhage is one of the most common devastating intra-cranial complications in pre-term units, especially those born before 32 weeks of gestation and very low birth weight infants. The gold standard for diagnosing germinol matrix hemorrhage has been high-resolution real-time cranial ultrasound, which has a 96-percentage sensitivity and 94-percentage specificity for identifying intra-cranial hemorrhage. The aim of the study is to assess the role of Neurosonogram in evaluation of germinol matrix hemorrhage neonates admitted in NICU. Introduction Neurosonogram is an essential and emerging part of routine neonatal care, particularly in case of pre-term units. NSG is easily available non-invasive investigation modality for neonatal cranial showing normal brain development and any continental or acquired abnormalities of perinatal brain, as well as brain injuries in pre-term units. In days following the delivery, pre-term units are susceptible to brain injuries, commonly intraventricular hemorrhage, perinventricular hemorrhage and white matter injury. The recent format is not truly understood, but attributed to fragile cerebrate blood pressure. German matrix hemorrhage can be classified into four based on the NSG findings, and they are grade 1, German matrix hemorrhage alone, grade 2 with intraventricular hemorrhage, but without ventricular dilatation, grade 3 intraventricular hemorrhage with ventricular dilatation, and grade 4 with intra-perinfemoral hemorrhage. So, in a coronal way, there are four views that we use to assess the fetal head. So, the first one is trans-frontal plane, then the trans-codate, trans-celemic and trans-cervilac plane. So, the trans-frontal plane, where the inner hemispheric fissure is visible between the two frontal lobes, the spinoid bone forming the roots of the orbits as well as the orbits themselves are also visible. In trans-codate plane, the two frontal lobes are displayed on either side of the CSP, cross-section of the anterior part of the body of corpus callosum is also evident as a mildly hypoechoic band on top of the CSP and between the frontal lobes. The trans-celemic plane, the thalamus and insular are indicated. In trans-ceribular plane, those spital haunts of the lateral ventricles and cerebellum are seen. The different images, we can see the body of corpus callosums, plain in general, rostrum, codothalamic groove, brainstem, fourth ventricle and venus. In the second image, we can see the trans-celemic plane. In the third image, we can see the trans-ceribular plane. In the fourth one, we can see the trans-frontal and trans-codate plane. And the last one is showing the cerebral vasculature. The methods what we use in the study type is an observational study. Study design is a cross-section of descriptive study. Study setting, Justice K. Sigtate Charitable Hospital, Arrest 2, Midday University. Study duration is from 1, 10, 2022 to 30, 10, 2023. Study population neonates who are admitted in NICU of Justice K. Sigtate Charitable Hospital, Bangalore. The sample size is 30. And inclusion criteria, neonates admitted in NICU who are referred to the radiology department for routine energy study and are diagnosed with general matrix hemorrhage. Neurosonogram will be performed using sonocyte fujifilip, terpo, with 5 mga arcs, phased array probe in the NICU. The observations and results. Among the subjects out of the 30 cases, 18 were mates and 12 were females. And 12 cases were pre-term. 16 cases were termed and 2 were post-term. Out of the total 30 cases, we classified the neonates based on the birth weight. So, 1 case was less than 1000, 10 cases between 1000 and 2000. 18 cases were between 2000 and 3000. And 1 case was more than 3000 grams. And all 30 neonates were diagnosed with general matrix hemorrhage. And out of this, 46 percentage had grade 1. 26 percentage had grade 2. And 20 percentage, grade 3. And 6 percentage, grade 4 hemorrhage. Out of the 12 pre-term neonates, 3 had grade 1 hemorrhage, 5 had grade 2 hemorrhage, 2 had grade 3. And 2 had grade 4 hemorrhage. Out of the 16-term neonates, 10 had grade 1 hemorrhage, 2 had grade 2, 4 had grade 3 hemorrhage. Out of the 2 post-term neonates, 1st neonate had grade 1 hemorrhage, 2nd neonate had grade 2 hemorrhage. The neonates with birth rate below 1000 had grade 3 hem, German matrix hemorrhage. M in the neonates between 1000 and 2000, 12 cases at grade 1, 5 cases at grade 2 and 1 case at grade 3 hemorrhage. M in the neonates between 2000 and 3000 gram, 2 cases at grade 1, 2 cases at grade 2, 4 cases at grade 3 and 2 cases with grade 4 hemorrhage is not done. And the neonates with more than 3000 gram birth rate showed grade 2 hemorrhage. Coming to some of the images. First one we can see a hyperwoquic stripe in the left colothalamic group which is suggestive of grade 1 German matrix hemorrhage which is indicated by the white arrow. In the second image we can see hyperwoquic changes in the right colothalamic group with ipsilateral bulky coroed plexus and it is suggestive of grade 2 German matrix hemorrhage. So the figure 3, hyperwoquic changes in bilateral colothalamic group with extension into the third ventricle and mind dilatation of bilateral lateral ventricles are noted which is suggestive of grade 3 German matrix hemorrhage. In the last picture we can see bilateral German matrix hemorrhage with intralentricular and panchemal hemorrhage. Right left side more than left, left side more than right which is suggestive of grade 4 hemorrhage. Discussion. 30 cases of German matrix hemorrhage were enrolled in the study. Out of this 12 cases were pre-term, 16 were termed and 2 were posted. Of the 30 participants 18 cases were females and 12 were males and 12 were females. Birth weight were also recorded in all the cases. Among the 30 patients 14 had grade 1 German matrix hemorrhage, 8 had grade 2 hemorrhage, 6 had grade 3 hemorrhage and 2 showed grade 4 hemorrhage. Further on comparing the grade of hemorrhage with birth weight the units with less than 1000 gram short grade 3 hemorrhage. Between 1000 and 2000 gram showed 18 cases of hemorrhage. Between 2000 and 3000 gram weight category 10 cases of hemorrhage and last in more than 1000 one case of grade 2 hemorrhage is noted. Now it is the use of neuro sonogram screening. For pre-term neonates plays a crucial role in assessing their neurodevelopmental outcome. Neuro sonogram in identify brain damage and its evolution is highly efficacious on regular follow-up which provides information that guides clinical decision and prognosis. Therefore, neuro sonogram plays a potential role in preventive, protective and rehabilitative strategies in the management of critically ill neonates. The study concludes NSG as a choice of investigation modality in NICU which effectively documents neuro abnormalities more predominantly German matrix hemorrhage.