All right, guys, should we begin to start with introductions? OK. Sure. I mean, I'll go first. I'm Greg. Hi, everybody. I'm one of the principals at K-Port Capital. We are an early stage venture capital firm that invests in technology companies that close gaps of access, opportunity, and outcome for low-income communities and communities of color in the United States. Great. I'll go next. I'm Naira Jordan. I'm with the American Family Insurance Institute for Corporate and Social Impact on one of those community and social impact investment directors. And we invest in seed and series tech companies that align to healthy youth development, equity and education, climate and community resilience, and economic empowerment and justice reform. Thanks for having me here today. So hi, everybody. Eric Chapman, I'm a managing principal at SustainVC. We've been doing early stage impact investing since 2007, have something on the order of 43 companies in our portfolio. All of them have some kind of a social or environmental impact baked into the business model. So it's the business scales and grows, the impact scales and grows, and can't be stripped out later if they get acquired or a different ownership structure takes over. And yeah, very pleased to be here today. We focus similar to my colleagues on series seed series A. Chris. Thank you. I'm Chris Bentley. I'm a seed early stage impact investor. I actually started off working with SustainVC and the, and Eric's team. And then I went to work with Josh Malman at serious change investments. And you know, most recently decided to really focus in on a theory of impact around addressing issues related to the criminal justice system. So last year I launched the incarceration fund, which is a seed and early stage impact fund that's looking to capitalize on, I think what's an important but overlooked opportunity, which is scaled by enterprises that are working to eliminate suffering caused by the criminal justice system. And so we invest in businesses that are returning power and agency to individuals that have had it systematically taken away. And we'll talk a little bit about some examples of those investments and how we're moving forward. So just to level set the discussion today, we're sort of gonna touch on four different topics here. Greg's gonna start us out by giving us a sort of level set of some of the unjustness that exists in this space. And now he's gonna talk about some really important ecosystem development work that's going on. I'm gonna talk a little bit about policy and how policy impacts the impact investment space. And then Eric's gonna jump into some private sector solutions and we'll all talk a little bit about examples there. I think we're gonna try our best to answer questions sort of as they go if we see things that we can hit on in the chat room that we're all gonna sort of manage each of these like little mini panels. So we'll all chime in a little bit after each person started and do our best to work our way through it. So I guess with all that context, I'll pass it up, Greg, and then we can start. Thanks. Yeah, and feel free to jump in on mine. I tend to ramble. So put the bumper bowling bumpers on. So when I think about what impact is and kind of especially as it relates to justice, I think that there's an important distinction that should be made between what impact investors can do in our role. The way that I look at kind of these big problems that we have in our world society, picture poison, there's kind of two arenas. There's market land and there's what I call structure land. And structure land is just like government and law and all the stuff that is really hard to change that's been a collective governance or collective action for hundreds of years that is typically enduring. And then the other side is market land where if you take well-structured, well-intentioned, intelligent capital and apply it to a market land solution, things can change and that's great. When we're talking about justice however, most of justice lives, most of the issues in justice in the justice sector in our carceral state and people getting locked up too often and racial issues in there that are obviously playing, have been playing us for hundreds of years, et cetera, et cetera, most of that lives in structure land. And so the tools of market land are not always the most, it's the word I'm looking for. Impactful's the wrong word, but it can feel that way, certainly. And so that's just one kind of big differentiate or kind of one differentiation I wanted to make as we talk about this today is there's certain things that policy and collective action, organizing, government, legal lobbying, et cetera, et cetera, can help solve and a lot of the big structural issues in our justice system I think are better served being addressed in that arena versus an app that'll help someone do something. But there are things in the margins, in the periphery, sometimes right in the middle where market land can have a outsize impact. So just wanted to say that, I think that it's important to acknowledge that it typically gets crazier in regulated industries and justice is literally the application of state force. So I just wanna acknowledge that as we go forward and just let everyone know that's kind of how we think about it, K-Port. Yeah, I'll chime in and say kind of similarly at the Institute, we think about it that way as well. We didn't necessarily define it in those terms that you use by love that how you spoke about that. Cause I think it is a great illustration of that. And so we do the investment side to your point of there are apps and there are platforms out there that can help make life easier and solve certain issues but we also are bigger things. And so for us, we kind of function across both of those. So recognizing that there is power and influence with corporations stepping into these spaces. So we try to see where we can also help move the needle on that structural or systemic side as well. So raising awareness to issues like in our own state, Wisconsin, where American family insurance is domiciled. We have some pretty strict expungement laws. And so we've come out for a bill that's on our Senate right now that was coming before actually earlier in the summer and we came out in the press and publicly on record to say that we felt that this new bill was something that was important. So we feel like we have this responsibility on both sides, recognizing that there's more than one way to engage in this, as well as our own internal house cleaning that we're doing in terms of looking at some of our policies and practices. Yeah, I can add into that as well as sort of the, we also are all very keenly aware of some of the damage that has been caused by the private sector in the space. And so it's really important that as we look at these opportunities, we think about that and we think about what the companies that we're investing in are really doing and our incentives aligned and so forth. So we'll certainly jump into that and sort of helpful to understand the sort of broad reach of outcomes in this space. There's the more than two million individuals that are incarcerated, but there's the more than six million people that are under supervision and there's the more than 10 million children who have one or more parents that have been affected by incarceration. So it's extremely wide reaching with extremely painful outcomes associated with it. So maybe that's actually a really smart way to transition into some of the stuff that's going on in this space and maybe Naira talk a little bit about something that she's been working on. Yeah, absolutely. I'll share a little bit about how we, as we started to launch into this space. So Institute opened in 2018 where we really started to dive into what we were calling at that time is issue around mass incarceration and we didn't have the words around justice tech when we started looking for companies to invest in and what we did was we started going through tools like Pitchbook and working through our network and looking for companies that we felt were going to help reduce recidivism and reduces impacts on individuals and communities. So really broadly defining that. And as we were going through this process and trying to find all of these possible investment opportunities that fit within that space, what we came to discover through our networks and going to events, we ran into folks from Village Capital and found out they were doing similar. They were also trying to define this space and gain better understanding of it. So last September, Village Capital and the Institute, we convened a summit. We worked together and brought a group of individuals that are connected to the space to think about how do we define this? Because we were defining in a certain way and looking for opportunities, they were defining in a certain way. And so we thought, let's figure out how we can move forward and really redefining criminal and civil justice tech from a ethical human center perspective. Because I think to some of the things Greg alluded to, we were both struggling, both entities were struggling with different aspects of the platforms and the tools that we were seeing. So this summit just really offered a chance for us to listen to our justice tech advisory board which was a group of experts and individuals with a strong perspective on technology and the justice system. And so in this past spring, we were able to produce and release a justice tech market assessment that was largely informed and inspired by that summit as well as an additional 150 hours of interviews and meetings with advisory board members as well as entrepreneurs that are operating in this space. And one of the key findings from the report was that kind of what we were discovering in our research was that many of these justice tech startups fall across a variety of tech verticals. And we were truly looking to divine justice tech as that tech that enables that support for individuals and families as well as experts and technicians that are working within the justice tech space and in the criminal justice and civil justice industry but with that human centered lens on it. And in doing that, we found that financial health, future of work, government tech, healthcare, communications tech and legal tech were all these sectors that were fragmented across this market. And so we released that after releasing that market assessment, we thought one of the other outcomes of this was entrepreneurs saying we want access to capital and many investors aren't familiar with this space and many investors are leery of investing and particularly founders that have a lived experience of incarceration. And so we have been working now to build an investor coalition in this space to begin engaging others that have influence in capital to make change. And so we had our first convening just last week. And I think as we've already started to talk about even here what we talked about last week was our biggest challenge is to discern between ethical tech and tech that could pretty much exacerbate these systemic disparities that we see in the justice system because we've also seen and heard about those technologies that are disrupting the system but are not disrupting in a way that is ethical. And so we wanna make sure that we're helping move the needle forward. So thinking about the value propositions of these products are they providing meaningful improvement to the lives of justice involved individuals and their families. Thinking about what does it mean to successfully scale these solutions? Is it tied to the reduction rather than the expansion of the number of justice involved individuals? And then finally, is it a company that has, if it has that exit, what does that look like and how does it in fact, justice involve people? And so that's just kind of how we've been trying to really start to build this coalition around this concept and really get others in the room and everybody in the room that cares about this space as well as those impacted by this space to start to have these conversations instead of us having these in our silos. So I'd welcome any other perspectives and thoughts on this. I'm gonna jump in for a second because I just put the, what I hope is the correct link in the chat there. Yeah. And I can have a visual prop. Look, so I admit I doodled on it a little bit but it's actually, it's a really pretty detailed report and I found it to be fascinating reading and all of my colleagues here on screen have put a lot of time into this and I think it's excellent. We focus on this area, but not to the same extent that you all do. So I found it to be a really exceptionally comprehensive view on the space and I would simply encourage those in the audience to follow the link, get the report, read it. It's really exceptional, I think. One of the things that struck me as we began and we've made three investments in this space, but one of the, we really struggled with a couple of things. One you just touched on, which is this question of, is it, will this company be ethical today and will it stay ethical tomorrow or is there a risk that somehow there are unintended consequences either with the current or perhaps even a future management team? So this is quite a challenging thing to discuss and to work your way through. The other is that the kernel justice system is incredibly fragmented because you go up through local, county, state, federal, all the different agencies and there's a tremendous number of people in the system, but they're often in very different disparate systems. So you really have to chip away at it from a lot of different angles. And I think we're gonna talk about that a little bit later and I know a profile, how our companies in our portfolio do that. But I just thought that was worth mentioning and I thought the report does a very good job of pointing that out. So we have a question in chat. Can you just share more about the group you just mentioned? Is that open to others? Yeah. Do you wanna maybe say, I put the link in, but it might not be the right one. Maybe you should say a little more. No, absolutely it is open to other investors that are interested in learning more about the sector. It is, we have representatives from, I mean, Chris has been a part of it. I think Greg has attended some of our sessions that we've had in the past. We have representation from the five ventures that is looking to expand their role in this space. They've already done some incredible work, but other investors that are really, really wanting to think about how we can start to change this space. So if you're an investor and this is a space that's of interest to you and you're looking to learn more, absolutely reach out to me on LinkedIn, Naira Jordan, and would be happy to connect you. Like I said, had one last week, we have two more scheduled for this year. Yeah, and I'd like to say a really important thing that is happening, the broader advisory board, not just the investment subgroup, included investors, entrepreneurs, nonprofit leaders, policy advisors, but also fully 50%, maybe more than 50%, had direct lived experience in the criminal justice system. And I think an important recurring theme in this work, to do this work well is to incorporate the voice of returning citizens in these kinds of solutions and discussions. And it's part of the design of the Justice Tech Group. It's part of the design of the Decarceration Fund and truly a number of the really innovative solutions are coming from returning citizens as well. So we're investing in returning citizen founders as well. I think Naira's gonna talk about one of those when we get to that part of the discussion. But I think Chris, to your point, and I'd be interested to see what Craig and Naira's view is, but the fact that as investors, we always look for somehow lived experience, experience with the problem. Do you really understand the problem set to use sort of the generic language of venture capital? But in this space particularly, I think we have the ability to incorporate a tremendous number of impacts in doing this, especially if we focus on investing in people who have lived experience, who in many cases are disproportionately affected by these systems. And at the same time, it's actually just a good business policy. And the converse is also true. I think all of us could probably tell stories and we'd probably wanna refrain from doing that about companies we've looked at who have great ideas but very arm's length experience with what they're trying to work on. So well-intentioned, but actually not direct experience. So I think you're right, having the returning citizen's voice and other participants' voice is really critical. I don't know, Greg or Naira, if you wanna comment on that further, but. No, I would say I agree totally with that statement, but I think the fact that we'll talk about the economic piece of it as well, it's very intentional that our space is economic empowerment and justice reform because that does for us put out that intention that there are challenges with individuals that do have that lived experiences. And oftentimes, starting their own business based off of the solutions that they know because they have been a part of this system is the option and is the most optimal option. And so that is very important for us to make sure that we are providing that economic opportunity for these individuals and it's through our hiring, but it's also through supporting their startups and providing that capital. And in some cases it's that really, really early stage, which is why we do have that other side of the work that we do because they may not be ready for the equity investment from our institute fund side, but we also wanna support accelerators and that idea stage to help them become a part of that pipeline, so that investment and they can get to that seed stage to get in front of those investors who are looking for that as well. Yeah, I mean, we talk about it at K-POR in terms of lived experience with the problem, we also use a term called distance travel. That doesn't necessarily mean that all our justice investments have to be formally incarcerated individuals. There's more than enough suffering that our incarceration system is put onto entire communities in this country and lots of those entrepreneurs are also working to, or from those backgrounds are working to undo some of that injustice and it doesn't necessarily need to be them who's had to deal with it directly. It could have been a parent or a brother or sister or a child or whatever it may be. Unfortunately, with the incarceration rates as they are, a lot of people know someone who's been locked up. So we think that we're not, what's the word, ideological about this by any stretch, but we do think that it's important for founders to have a real stake in the outcome if they're correct and successful. Yeah, and in cases where we don't see that experience on the management team, we'll often also encourage the management team to actively begin to recruit from that space too. And there's a lot of great nonprofit groups as a group called Televaraday, which is working with a couple of women's prisons that's training on business development in the tech industry and they are getting women trained up and prepared and placed in great roles at companies like Salesforce and Adobe and large tech companies, but encouraging our tech companies to be looking to that same pool to recruit business development folks. And there's other great nonprofits doing the same work on engineering and coding as well. So there's lots of opportunities to find some great resources here and add that piece of the experience to the team. So I think that's something else I would encourage when investing in this space to look for opportunities to build that experience in if it's not organic in the founders. Let me, I don't wanna awkward pause while I'm trying to read this next question. So while someone else from the team checks that out, I'll start into the next section anyways and then we'll go from there. So I wanna sort of detail a little bit more into some of what Greg and Eric touched on which is sort of on the structure side, on the policy side, it is a sort of hyper-local issue. And so an important aspect of criminal justice reform is better policy and many may make the argument that our resources will be better spent advocating for better policy rather than looking for sort of market based solutions to problems. And while better policy could greatly improve the system and we certainly spend a fair amount of time all advocating for better policy in this space, it's slow moving, but it's also, it's super local, right? So most laws that can really have a significant impact on criminal justice reform need to be changed state by state and even county by county. That as an example, if we take cash bail as an example, this is a system that incarcerates individuals that have not yet been convicted of a crime based on how much money they have in their bank account, right, at its root. And there has been public support for the elimination of cash bail in a lot of places and states and large cities have moved to eliminate cash bail, which is progress, but literally at the exact same time there are states passing legislation that actually makes it easier to implement cash bail and actually eliminates the opportunity for nonprofits to step in and help with cash bail. And so I bring that up as an issue of, there's a little bit of a sort of whack-a-mole process in trying to use policy alone to solve these problems. And sometimes we can find really innovative solutions that actually amplify good policy and make good policy more effective. And sometimes we can find innovative solutions that actually can really disrupt bad policy and make bad policy ineffective. And so those are a subset of the kinds of things that we think about when looking at that policy as a whole. Yeah, it's like this is one of the parts of our work at K-4 that I think we don't really talk much about, but when you're investing in these types of structure land industries or heavy structure industries, understanding where the policy winds are blowing and understanding how, whether you're as an entrepreneur or as a, I guess, an intermediary where you can put a little bit of extra oomph behind it. We've seen some really good successes with that. Actually, it's a whole new way of trying to effect change, for sure, but if you have the solution for, let's say, parole monitoring, and it's actually a decent human one, not a dehumanizing one, getting written in as the standard in your state is not only important for longevity of the company, but also important for maintaining that solution as a long-term boon to society. And justice is one of those few industries where it's like, if you're not playing that game, you're doing yourself a disservice because everyone else is. And so it's kind of like learning the rules of how to influence and change these types of things. It's a long game. I feel like it takes a long time. You've got to, it's a separate business, I think, also in some ways, but if you want that really kind of enduring piece, I think policy has to be a part of it. This isn't Peter Thiel, the government should be an algorithm type thing. Right? Yeah, and I'll build on that slightly because I think there's a very interesting overlap between, as you coined it, market land and structure land. So there's a lot of businesses that have been able to affect policy and write in the requirements for their particular product or service that make it very difficult for new entrants to come in and disrupt those markets because there's statutes written as to what the product or service has to be able to do or cannot do. And this is a classic GovTech way of actually creating a monopoly situation where one hadn't existed before. And so this is an interesting overlap of as you describe it, policy and the free market solution. And so it does take time to change that, but that is one of the routes to disruptive change. And part of the challenge is for entrepreneurs to identify ideally before they start an idea how quickly and to what degree can they change that? How cost-intensive is that going to be? How time-intensive? And how much impact will that unlock? And also how much market potential will that unlock? But in the end, underneath all of that the common denominator is lives affected, right? And so this is really a fight worth fighting. And I think that's a lot of us take a longer view for this particular space because the speed at which change occurs is slower. But that's an important factor also, I think for us to all consider in the audience to know and understand. So you're right, there's not gonna be an algorithm that comes in and suddenly makes sweeping change. It'd be great if that would happen, but unlikely. But it can be chipped away at. Chris, should we shift to a little bit on our companies? I think that might be of great interest at this point with 15 minutes left. Yeah, that's actually, I was gonna say that night. I realized I was on mute, but this might be a good, there may be a great opportunity to switch into, are there really private solutions out there that actually exists today? Yeah, so I'll moderate this section a little bit. I think Greg first, you're gonna go with promise Chris Adobo near up Hidgenley. And then I'll wrap up if we have time left with reconnect, but these are I think four pretty interesting companies who touch in different spaces. And interestingly enough among this group, we actually have a lot of overlap in some of our investments too, which is nice to see. So let's kick it off. Yeah, sure. I'll start with promise. So to Naira's point earlier about how these types of solutions don't always look like just this tech, there's no one justice tech, there's no monolith of what these types of companies can be. I think promise is a good example of this. Promise was started by a wonderful woman named Phaedra Ellis-Lamkins, a piece of factoid. She was actually Prince's manager at one point. She's awesome. And she really wanted to figure out how do we get, the goal of the company is, how do we get poor people to not go to jail? Because her view is that the poor are disproportionately targeted by the justice system and that's wrong. And so when they started, they were trying to take on cash bail and they were actually paying people's cash bail and then having people being released into promises I guess like recognizant? I don't know what the word is. And that was not scalable. The justice departments were not a fan of that. There's all sorts of liability issues with that. And so they took a pretty big pivot and they said, all right, well, if our goal is to stop poor people from going to jail, what is something else that we can do? And so they basically looked at how poor people end up in jail and one of the first kind of interactions with the state in a negative way, typically, is failure to pay a utility bill or failure to pay a ticket or something like that. And a lot of those systems that manage those payment systems are from the 80s or the 90s. They're very clunky. They're not meant to be easily used and there's not really a reason why they're that way. Additionally, a lot of the government agencies and municipalities and all these folks are on paper very willing to do flexible payments for their constituents. But for years, they just hid behind, oh, well, the software doesn't do that. So Promise has basically created a government payments platform that has flexible payment options built in for constituents and allows them many, many different ways to pay off these types of debts or fees or whatever it may be in a way that is, I would say decent from a human level. And again, what an innovation. You just need to design the platform to be a little bit more flexible for folks, but they're seeing really, really good results and they just raise a whole bunch of money and they're doing great. So definitely not like your typical justice tech investment, but I think it is solving a significant problem for a lot of folks and preventing our car shell state from putting everyone in jail. That's great. Thank you, Greg. I wonder, I think we're gonna go to you next, Chris from Adovo, but before we do, I just wanna call out a comment in the chat. I'll just read it out. I guess people can read it as well from Noah. Thank you for that. He says, and I'll read it out loud to give my colleagues here a chance to think about it because it might be interesting if it's relevant, we can touch on it in our pieces here, but he's saying, I agree with the panelists about the need for policy change in conjunction with disruptive technologies to address many of the problems justice tech companies look to address. Do you have any thoughts for how companies can work with nonprofits to address policy goals as well? I think that's a very interesting one, how companies can be tightly aligned with nonprofits that have common overlapping goals. And I think in there, he's listed his company, and I think that would be interesting for people to take a look at at some point. Yeah. Adovo, and we can think about that. That's a very interesting point. Yeah. Yeah, and nice to see you on here, Noah. And Noah's actually attacking the same problem that Adovo was working on attacking as well, which is education for individuals while they're incarcerated and under supervision. So I'll talk a little bit about Adovo first, but Adovo uses tablet-based technology to allow self-directed educational programming in prisons and jails, and it's a sort of wide range of academic, vocational and treatment programming. This is based on the idea that there are studies that basically show a dollar investment in educational programming results in five dollar reduction and incarceration costs, right? That's the very sort of dollar-for-dollar public cost that comes out of there. But the reason for that is that inmates that participate in correctional education programs actually see 43% lower odds of recidivism than inmates that did not. And that's actually a study that's corrected for all the sorts of outside variables that may encourage somebody to participate or not participate in educational programming. So it's a really important study, and it's really important to the work that Noah's doing in the space as well. Adovo has over 150,000 learners that have completed over a million hours of educational programming on the platform, and 75% of individuals that have had access to the program use it on an average of two lessons completed per day. So it's very well used. About 150 facilities are now using the product in one way or another. And so it's a really interesting approach. Along the way, similar to promise, it's not sort of as much of a change in product. The end product is still maintained the same, but the way they've gone to market has sort of evolved quite significantly over time. And a lot of it is really based on the navigation of some of the other private sector groups that are involved in this space and some of the other issues that exist in the space. And so all that to say that all of this work requires some tricky impact risk navigation in all, I think, all of these companies. And I think that's why it's important that I think you'll note that I think in all of the cases that we described here and being involved early as investors and having some level of work participation and participation in the sort of strategy of these companies that they've been before, it is pretty important. And I think that's where we can serve a really important role, particularly as other sort of larger investors move into this space. They think having folks that are involved and understand the space is pretty important as well. Great, I'll jump into Pigeonly quickly. So you have time, Eric. Pigeonly, and you'll see this if you read the report is really noted as kind of being the kickoff or starting point, if you will, for justice tech with the K-4 investment in like 2012, 2013, somewhere in that space. AMFAM actually Pigeonly was our first investment in this space. When we launched in 2018, Frederick Hudson, the founder was actually the inaugural speaker at our institute when we hosted a gathering in our space here in Madison, Wisconsin. And it was actually in talking to him and hearing his story that we actually were all like, we need to learn more about what he's doing and the impact that he's making. And if you know Frederick's story, just a very high level, it was during his incarceration that he realized the people that he was seeing return were individuals that were not as connected to their families, that were not getting the phone calls, were not getting the letters. And so he started to ideate on this idea of Pigeonly, this platform that would provide a cost effective way, a cost effective communication platform for families to stay connected to their loved ones. If any of you have ever had someone that's been incarcerated and have received those phone calls, they're quite expensive. If you research it, it ranges anywhere from $15 to $25, depending on the one phone call. And so if you think about, this whole idea of criminalizing the poor continuing to make it difficult for them to advance, you're now making a decision on, do I talk to my loved one or not based off of your economic situation? And so Frederick saw that and created this incredible tool that bypasses that and makes it more economical. He also provides a way for families to stay connected through mail. And I think through our conversations that we've been having here, the innovation is that he's also looking to see, understand policy and understand how he can scale and grow based off of that long game we've talked about. And just that was what we were impressed with because we joined at one stage, but he definitely had a clear vision about what pigeoning would be. And so to Chris's comment about being engaged and connecting with founders and understanding what their goals are and how they interacted with the system, I've been just very fortunate to be an observer on the board and be connected with Fred as a friend. And so I just think it's another one of those platforms when we were looking at it, we were looking for ways to reduce recidivism. And we weren't necessarily thinking about the system itself, but more how to help families. And so this was one that definitely jumped out for us. And I think I'm handing it to you, Eric. You are, but I gotta give a quick shout out from the chat here. It says, I'm a big fan of Frederick and Pigeonly, double exclamation point. Thank you for sharing the other businesses too. So well done. Nice. Yeah. Well, we've got four minutes left. I'll go very quickly so I can hand back to Chris for the final wrap up. Yeah, and there's another nice chat for you. So ReConnect is a company that we invested in about a year ago. Their main focus is if you think about it, there are people who have been released from jail, pretrial, specialty court, parole, and there's other functions that are similar that all, and it's done at the local state and federal level. And the key denominator, the common denominator across all of this is there are conditions associated with your release. You need to see your parole or probation or especially court officer at a certain period of time. You need to do various things. You may have curfew checks. You may have courses or classes you need to take, et cetera, et cetera. The list goes on and on. And on average, each of these participants, if you will, use that word, have something like 18 things that are meant to do every day. Now, I don't know about anybody out there, but without this, I can't do more than one thing a day. So in the technology platform that exists for most people to deal with all of this is paper-based, rudimentary, maybe phone. So the entire idea of reconnect is to take all of those administrative burdens and put it onto a modern technology platform that allows both the participants and this case managers to simply check in, remind, let you know you have an appointment, allow you to send a text, I'm running late, allow you to actually do check-ins that in the past pre-COVID would have to be done in person physically in somebody's office to then be handled perhaps through a video chat, perhaps there's simply a geo-tag picture that you have attended your AA class or you did do this or you didn't go there and so on and so forth. You have checked in at your curfew time. And if you think about it, I think this is nicely outlined in the report. I'll show it again, because I like doing that. But there's, one of the facts is something like 40% of the people who end up going back are because of technical violations and what I've just described are technical violations. And so the objective of this company is really to try and take a lot of that inefficiency and friction loss out of the system and do it in a humane way that increases people's likelihood of actually succeeding and allows case managers to focus on areas where they can help people versus simply the administrative burden of saying, did you do it? So that's reconnected in a nutshell and with just about a minute left, Chris, sorry, I didn't leave you much. I'll hand back to you. No, that's great. And not much. I think we actually got through the entire program with a minute to spare, which is great. I will quickly touch on Noah's question as well. I do think the impact space as a whole creates lots of opportunities for private sector companies to interface with nonprofits. Matter of fact, one of the reasons I think one sort of helpful piece that reduces risk in this type of investing, which of course is always can be fairly risky from a financial standpoint is the fact that many of the companies in the impact space have access to non-diluted capital and grants and other nonprofit dollars. And so I think it is important for companies where possible to interface with nonprofits that are doing similar work and also learn from them because it's the nonprofits doing hard work in this space that really can reveal a lot of what works and what doesn't work in the space. And I think that's really important to understand and remain connected with those organizations. And I'm just trying to throw into the chat some of the links. So I got reconnected and pigeonly and I will try and find quickly Dovo and Promise but people can check it out and their websites are great. And I'll just throw one more plug that if people are interested in learning more about our investor convening and the next two convenings and our collaborative please reach out and we'll be happy to bring you on board to those conversations. Excellent. Thanks so much everybody for attending. I guess with that we can sign off. Thanks everybody. Thanks everyone. Thank you all. Have a good one.


Hey everyone, welcome to figure fantasy. We have a new update. It's kind of a Day early than expected. So this is issue 9 This update is scheduled to drop on September 30. So we are a day again a day early We have a Collab announcement, but it's not what you think. So figure fantasy your highness Fantastic collab is coming soon all new hot toys from fully's new studio mini planet your highness and bubba boo It will be available for a limited time. So this collab is going to be with your hot toys So this is going to be different. They're gonna try this They're gonna try to spice up our hot toys So currently the hot toy system is a good addition but not for me not really a significant one But this might change things. So let's check this out when the collab comes in I hope this is going to be much more fun Than the you know, then the than the usual collabs that we invest in figures So this will be for your hot toys only. Okay, your highness journey to planets limited edition time rate limited time rate up unlock clear main story 6-30 Event schedule September 30 to October 21 Okay So event info set off on voyage to the stars of love and hope blah blah blah use Aerospace coins to participate in all you gotcha mode. So this one is going to give us aerospace coins and An all-you-gotcha mode because this is going to be hot toys lightsaber for a chance to win a collab limited edition hot toy hot toys Your highness and bababoo. So hopefully this is not going to ruin our savings When when it comes to saving for the collab for the figures, they will have a different more or less a different Currency for the hot toys besides you can still have a chance to get the supreme celestial hot toy sticker pieces of your choice in Hot toys light year Ways to obtain Aerosmith's coins is participating in the collab signing event. We have a signing event obviously We can actually purchase the coins, but again for those who are free to play You're gonna be forced to sign into this event as you know daily as possible for you to have a chance to Get these collab cuties. Okay. So next is collab event attack on the toy workshop So this is a new event also unlock with the six dash 30 also gonna be dropping on September 30 to October 21 Event info to the toy workshop run by the hot toys You will serve as the CEO especially hired by your highness to run the workshop and store so You're gonna be doing this thing special instructions for the event is The event item power will stop increasing from October 20 But you can still produce toys before October 21. Okay collab signing event So I mentioned this earlier. You just need to unlock main story to this 24 So it's going to be from September 30 to October 20 event info during the event period sign-in to the game on the Specified dates to claim rewards including collab trophy frame aerospace coins and diamonds Sharing event collab special launch will also be on September 30 as well limited-time packs galaxy dream tour packs which will include airspace coins Will be available from September 30th October 21 girls psycho 100 So this is a rerun of our previous girls psycho event unlock again to dash 24 So also we have King Demon Kings horde September 30th October 7th Again, these are rerun events That you you guys are most familiar of purchase goods with crowns to get crown jewels and You will be able to get certain items for this event sign-in event daily sign-in So we have this on September again to September 30 to October 6 Diamonds crowns advanced care skills in a Chetera limited idle drops crown battle will also be available on September 30 to October 6 So the event idle drops will end at October 6 2359, but you can still claim rewards up to October 7 2359 So you don't need to hold on to your phone and wait Event assignment tasks so how to be an optimist also a rerun event will start on September 30 up to October 6 So so far we don't have a rate up for a figurine here. This are just for the hot toys limited time packs Rico selection also in play from September 30 at October 6 Figuring quiz event lucky quiz star coming soon So also gonna be out So this is something new Figuring quiz event lucky star coming soon So this is going to be based on the new figurine that is going to come out Okay, so they're teasing this in this event probably the new figurine will come in the next Next week next update. So watch art for that. This event Is going to be good. This is going to be a teaser all new combination limited rate up coming soon as well So when obtaining this one again, do not use your fully wish here This is a trap event for your fully wish and others We have additional updates. So all new hot toys growth system hot toys inspiration coming soon It's launch schedule September 29 after the maintenance. So it's going to be available tomorrow already So we'll check it out content info the content inspiration is flashed blah blah blah gentle reminder clear any case file in a hot toy search warrant to earn a Search and amount of inspiration Inspiring starlight in the achievement awards all new collection in reach boost Limited-time packs are available. So these are packs already going down All new hot toys ornament Monty packs nightmare level expansion So this will also be open on September 29 after the maintenance of the max level for nightmare has been expanded So try to challenge with new stages. So more content for us to To play with all new figurine exclusive parts So we have September 29 after the maintenance of content info after the maintenance exclusive parts for the following figures will be added to The figurines big three you Ena Mizuki Vazer wins are you Megan and Alfred? So gentle reminder guys for those of you again who are in North America of Europe You might be delayed in terms of this update. So please bear in mind that you have to wait for a while The update will naturally come into your area based on these times. So please be patient and wait for the update So thank you very much for the figure fantasy Operations team. So take note that this collab is only for the hot toys not a new figure Okay, guys, so thank you very much for staying this far. Take care. Stay safe. This is the warden and I'm out of here


projection to home project yourself mentally to be standing in front of your home standing about 30 feet 10 meters from it look at your home you have been here many times begin scanning the scene at the upper left hand corner going slowly from left to right as you do when reading a book going lower each time until you reach the ground level pause study colors as you do this what color is the roof pause if there is a tree in front of your house what color is the tree pause study details recall what you have seen remember it remembering what you have seen is called visualizing pause allow yourself enough time to do this then when you reach the ground level focus your attention on the front door and concentrate on the door knob or handle pause mentally move close to the door close enough to touch the door handle expect the door to appear to increase in size as you get closer pause mentally touch the door knob or handle open the door mentally enter your home closing the door behind you pause mentally walk toward your living room once you have entered your living room stand at the center facing the south wall pause you have been here before you have been here during daylight hours you have been here during nighttime with the lights turned on and with the lights turned off it is now daytime you are standing at the center of your living room facing the south wall you have been here before you know how much light enters this room during the day and you recognize what is in front of you pause what is behind you pause you know what is to your left pause and what is to your right pause now we will change the scene tonight time with the house lights turned on the scene has changed the nighttime and you are still standing in the middle of the living room facing the south wall you have been here before and you know what is in front of you pause what is without anybody guiding you then it will be easier to do it one segment at a time give it time to work after you do these mental projection drills at your center the alpha level it is important for you to give them time to work after you come out of your level do something else and let your experiences settle in if you work with a partner who reads the exercise to you do not talk about your experiences afterward until you've had a chance to sleep on it Mr. Silva said it is like planting a seed you need to give it time to sprout you can't dig it up to look at it right away once you have gone through at least one sleep and dream cycle about 90 minutes of sleep then it is okay to talk about it if you feel there is a need to now when you are ready here is what we want you to do projection to home project yourself mentally to be standing in front of your home standing about 30 feet 10 meters from it look at your home you have been here many times begin scanning the scene at the upper left hand corner going slowly from left to right as you do when reading a book going lower each time until you reach the ground level pause study colors as you do this what color is the roof pause if there is a tree in front of your house what color is the tree pause study details recall what you have seen remember it remembering what you have seen is called visualizing pause allow yourself enough time to do this then when you reach the ground level focus your attention on the front door and concentrate on the door knob or handle pause mentally move close to the door close enough to touch the door handle expect the door to appear to increase in size as you get closer pause mentally touch the door knob or handle open the door mentally enter your home closing the door behind you pause mentally walk towards your living room once you have entered your living room stand at the center facing the south wall pause you have been here before you have been here during daylight hours you have been here during nighttime with the lights turned on and with the lights turned off it is now daytime you are standing at the center of your living room facing the south wall you have been here before you know how much light enters this room during the day and you recognize what is in front of you pause what is behind you pause you know what is to your left pause and what is to your right pause now we will change the scene to nighttime with the house lights turned on the scene has changed the night time and you are still standing in the middle of the living room facing the south wall, you have been here before and you know what is in front of you, pause what is behind you, pause what is to your left, pause and what is to your right, pause now the lights will go out, the lights are out and you are standing, in darkness facing the south wall, although the living room looks dark, you still know what is in front of you, pause what is behind you, pause what is to your left, pause and what is to your right, pause, at this time concentrate on the wall before you, the south wall, You can sense it being a certain distance away and you know what is on this.  Scan this wall as you did the front of your home, beginning at the upper left corner and going from left to right a little lower each time, until you reach the floor level.  Pause. Practice entering deep, healthy levels of mind. In your next session, you will enter a deeper, healthier level of mind, faster and easier than this time. Now when you are ready, count yourself out of your level. Take your time.


Piezoelectric biomaterials are gaining popularity due to their potential applications in implantable sensors, actuators, and energy harvesters. However, their practical use has been limited by the weak piezoelectric effect, caused by the random polarization of biomaterials and the difficulty of achieving large-scale domain alignment. To overcome these limitations, researchers developed an active self-assembly strategy to tailor piezoelectric biomaterial films. By confining the material within nanoscale pores, they were able to achieve homogeneous nucleation of crystals across the entire film, resulting in an enhanced piezoelectric strain coefficient of 11.2 pm of E1 and an exceptionally high piezoelectric voltage coefficient of 252x10 to 3 vmn1. Furthermore, this technique also improved the thermo-stability of the material, making it suitable for biomedical devices. This article was authored by Zhueming Zhong, Xuemu Li, Zhou Wapeng, and others.


Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah.  It's Gordon. I'm Rick You follow the Instagram Twitter for more juicy content the expatron follows to account scribe in the link button I'm a truly great mom All living in the country love to day We have We have a click to the matrix We have a video this is called master class the unplayable Yorker So it's going to be explaining the Yorker to us in detail Has anyone come up with a completely never before seen Yorker and called it the New Yorker?  Can you explain a Yorker? It's a Bowlers throw that does a Yorkie thing It was actually created first by somebody who was perfecting it while they were bowling and Unfortunately struck their York either their Yorkshire terrier Welcome to our masterclass regarding the Yorker with me is NASA saying the former England captain and batsman NASA Define the Yorker for me Well, the Yorker fish is basically a ball that lands somewhere near this white line called a pop increase It is where the batter stands generally That's where they straddle that white line and what the bowl has tried to do is come in and get it as close to that line As close to the bottom of your bat as they can the reason they do that because it's very difficult to get underneath It's mainly used in white ball cricket as a defensive tactic But it's also used quite a bit in red ball cricket where maybe there's a bit of reverse swing going around Okay, the impact of not being able to get under the ball from a batting perspective and why that's so important for myself as a Bowler well batsman when batting in test match cricket the length ball out there becomes a danger ball because it moves around in White ball cricket that ball actually what we define as the slot bounces up to the middle of the bat So it gives you good Leverage to hit the ball from the middle of the bat as it bounces up and it's got so many areas You can hit that ball to when it's bouncing here The middle of the bat almost goes out of play because it's always hitting the toe of the bat in our era when people like Wakkar and wazim were hitting that hole Constantly we don't have the fancy shots they have now So we were constantly just getting it away and also captains can set a really good feel to it because they know Or they used to know where you can hit the Yorker at best and the volume of runs that are derived from missing that length and hitting That length or what well if you look at a Hawkeye example that we've gone Look at the difference between the slot the strike rates the slot when you get your length What you'd like in test match cricket at 2 to 9 that strike rate But if you get it absolutely spot-on where the batter is standing that strike rate drops to 92 That is a huge difference. That's the difference between winning a game and losing a game So if you can get it right here The batsman can't do much about it. If you get it wrong you usually disappear out the park Very informative Yorkers at searing place What about as a boulder dish how difficult is it to hit this line Consistently and when do you go for that delivery? That's a good question. We've got a couple of balls down here I'll just use one of these First of all your grip whether you what Nasser has a bowler Want to try to execute the Yorker with a seam up positions a love Bullets now are holding and cross seem to get better traction on it And I think the first thing we hear a number of bowlers like classic Malinga practicing bowling at the shoe He has a three-quarter delivery Stump but you must know and practice where you're releasing the ball to have some feel in order to Sure, why release this very very would you drop your arm at all? You mentioned Malinga there I play with Darren golf who was a brilliant Yorker Is that helpful that sort of slightly more slingy action it could be because the margins for error for someone like a Lasset Malinga would be less it'll be sort of a flat. Yeah, cuz it's coming at its sideways versus straight guys Who would deliver it from high and create a steeper angle? Mm-hmm, but again? It's something that has to be practiced Siduously because not many folks can ball it consistently and the reason it has to be practiced and those margin of errors You mentioned is because if you get you miss it, right now days the modern player As these fun. Oh, wow, they can hit you 360 so they can day If you think of a ball coming to land here someone like a butler or de Villiers immediately I think Dillshaw and sell it with the Dillscoop. That's impressive before it bounces now You think that's gonna hit you straight in there I would not recommend this shot without a helmet on and it flies over there So you put a man back there and they do that and then they go back in their crease So a ball that was landing there You now can get under and hit then they go this way they go that way they got so many shots And that's why if I can borrow the ball, that's why the game has changed right in my day. Sorry to talk about my day But that used to be your Yorker box with that margin of error you just you talked about that was your mark walk stop Okay, so nowadays because of the change in regulations anything down the leg side is a wide So these deliveries come in All right, because now batsman they're going back in their crease these deliveries are now length and Because batsmen are scooping like butler and de Villiers these deliveries now come so you remember that original box That was really wide that box now you have to hit that otherwise butler de Villiers Coley Doni are smashing you all over the place and if you go back to that original Hawkeye of strike rates That's perfect. You get it wrong against Richard Pantor M. Estonia or Virat Kohli They will smash you out the ground. So it's an additional layer of difficulty if he moves back my Yorker's gonna be full If he's forward of the line my Yorker's got to be slightly shorter Let's have a look at some of the great examples of the Yorker and it just Being on target in terms of line a little bit full but it gets true because of peace Bang on target you get your success batsmen will come down So it's just a little bit shorter of that length and as you said master saying they tried to scoop a Yorker is gold if you can get it spot on so Great example of the box getting smaller and bigger in modern-day and the other thing that's changed in modern-day Cricky is they now use two of these two white balls So when we used to just use one it used to reverse swing So I mentioned Wacar and was in that great final was it 92 World Cup final Was in got it reverse swinging that gives you just that bit more than that ball at 90 mile an hour is swinging It is so difficult to play these funky shots because by the time you go down The ball has cramped you or moved away with two white balls It doesn't quite do as much at the end. So those examples you showed of boomer and everyone else They are absolutely spot on a world-class Yorker bowler will get into any white ball side just for nailing his Yorkers Very informative video learn I feel like we learned more about cricket in that video than any other video Yeah, I actually know what a Yorker is. Yeah, and I guess it also It's location. It isn't necessarily the spin you put on the ball at all a Yorker in and of itself It's just get it on that line. Yeah. Yeah around that line. Yep, which yeah, it's It's so impressive What they can then also the what how they've adjusted to being able to hit the Yorker Yeah, he says now as opposed to his day, but some I did have a question. He said Plays with two white balls. What was what does that mean? I have no idea. It's the first I hear of that I didn't know there were different colored balls that they use based on certain things I mean, yeah, and then he said white ball or red ball cricket. I'm I Know I thought they were just different color balls. I didn't know like is it a different game if you play? Yeah, though, why I didn't I did not know no idea. So that confused me But yeah, it was very well explained All right, give us more Instructional videos like this. Yeah, that was that that helped me now I will forever now be looking when we watch a cricket video I'll be looking for Yorkers and I know what I'm looking for. Yeah. Yeah Cool video What are the throws are there then though? I haven't the foggy stuff. Well, I guess there's spin the spinners. I have no idea. There's a spinner a Yorker Power throw maybe no idea I don't know. I would love an instructional video like that that said here are the most common Throws and what to look for. Yeah. Yeah, because I don't have the foggiest idea Do I do I and I'm really really intelligent? So if I don't understand Rick definitely doesn't understand this is true.  Yeah Anyways, let us know what other cricket videos informational videos or others that we can react to down below


You can build a CO2-sensing project using Adafruit I.O. and Whippersnapper. Inspired by canaries and coal mines, this metaphor has become an iconic way to depict warning signs. With Adafruit I.O. you can build a dashboard to log and monitor an air quality sensor. Using Whippersnapper, you can easily set up an ESP32 Wi-Fi dev board and an SCD-40 CO2 air quality sensor. There's no coding required so you don't need to know Arduino, Python, command lines, or even an IDE. Now you can use servos and trigger them whenever the air quality reaches high values. You have controlled the servo and can change the angle of the horn by adjusting a slider. We set up an action to trigger the servo whenever the CO2 level reaches high values. Then choose to publish a message to the servo with a value that matches your desired angle. The setup is really easy to put together and it's free for folks to play around with. You can get the parts to build this project, links are in the description. Download and 3D print the parts to build the enclosure and the articulating bird. The Qtipi ESP32 snap fits into this little holder and gets secured to a mount for housing the servo. Be sure to check out the step-by-step tutorial by heading over to the Adafruit Learn Guide. The SCD-40 is mounted with screws and the servo press fits into the mount. The sensor easily plugs into the Qtipi thanks to the built-in Stema Qt connectors. This 3D printed horn fits over the shaft of the motor and is secured with additional hardware. Now we can slide the circuit into the housing with the sensor poking out of the cutout. Assemble your friendly bird by joining the two wings to the body and create a rivet by heating up the tip of the pin. The wings freely rotate allowing our bird to appear sad when it's upside down and happy when it's upright. The bird can then be press-bitted into the shaft of the servo and the circuit can be powered over USB-C. We hope this inspires you to check out Whippersnapper and Adafruit IO for your next IoT project.


Ok, so let's try this problem. It says that we convert the hydrated zinc 2 plus ion to the more stable zinc ammonia 4 2 plus ion by mixing 50.0 liters of 0.0020 molar of the hydrated zinc 2 plus ion and 25.0 liters of 0.15 molar ammonia. What's the final concentration of the hydrated zinc 4 2 plus ion if the kf of the zinc ammonia complex is 7.8 times 10 to the 8. Ok, so that's a big equilibrium constant. So it's different than what we've been used to seeing. So the first thing we're going to need to do is convert these two to their new molars. Ok, so in order to do that, so that was the initial. Let's do the final concentration. So that's going to be all 1 liter times 15.0 liters divided by 15.0 liters plus 25.0 liters of molar. So that's the final concentration of that. So let's do the same thing to ammonia now. The next thing we're going to want to do is write out the formation equation. So I'm going to erase all the work here and just rewrite these concentrations here. So 1.3 times 10 to the 8 is 30 molar. We're not sure how many ammonia is yet, so we've got to look at what the final complex is. We need an nH3, 4 to the plus. So when we do that, we know there's going to be 4 there. Plus, of course, now 4 H2O. And then we have the kf of that equals 7.8 times 10 to the negative 3. Let's do an ice table. So here, what's our concentration? 1.3 times 10 to the negative 3. So we're going to subtract 1.3 times 10 to the negative 3. And actually, we're subtracting approximately that much. Just like that last problem, it's not all the way. So when we do that, we're actually going to find x. That's what we're looking for. Actually, it's the concentration that's left. If you remember what the problem said.  You just have to believe. So we have this here, 5.0 times 10 to the negative 2. And we're going to subtract from this 1, 1.3 times 10 to the negative 3. But we've got to multiply that by 4. Because there's 4. Let's do that. 10 to the negative 2. So this one before was 0. And then we're going to add 1.3 times 10 to the negative 3. So it's going to be 1.3 times 10 to the negative 3. So we have the KF value. Let's figure out what the KF equation is. So the KF equation is this. So the KF equation, as you might imagine, is this. Concentration of zinc with the ammonia is on it. Divided by the hydrated zinc ion, ammonia to the force. So let's go ahead and start. X there, concentration of zinc, hydrated ion on the left, is going to equal the ammonia complex. Concentration divided by KF times the concentration of ammonia to the force. Can everybody get to that point? OK, so now it's just plug and check. So at the top, it's going to be what do we have? 1.3 times 10 to the negative 3 divided by KF, 7.8 times 10 to the 8th. And that's multiplied by ammonia, 4.5 times 10 to the negative 2 to the force. As you might imagine, a very small number. Because we would have expected it to be around 0. Because we took it all out. But there's still a small amount left. And that small amount is equivalent to 4.0 times 10 to the negative 7 mole. So that's how much of the hydrated zinc ion is still left. OK, are there any questions about that one? Yeah, what's that? Well, like I said, there's still a little bit of it left. It doesn't all just react. It's just like that last problem we did. I know we had a lot of questions about is 10 to the negative 12 the same as 0? Yes, in our case it's approximately the same. But if you wanted to actually calculate that number, we can do that. And we did. Are there any other questions about that? OK, wonderful.


Trigonometry is useful because it allows us to compute distances from angles, at least if we have a right triangle. But what if we don't? We can still use trigonometry by using what's known as the law of sines or the law of cosines. The problem is this. The basic trigonometric ratios are based around right triangles. But what if we don't have a right triangle? No problem, we can make one. And that's because we can always drop a perpendicular line. You'll go through the details in an assignment. If we do that, we obtain two important relationships between the sides and angles of any triangle. So let's take triangle A, B, C. A useful convention is to label the side lengths with the lowercase version of the opposite vertex. So across from vertex A, I have side length lowercase A. Across from vertex B, I have side length lowercase B. And across from vertex C, I have side length lowercase M, I mean C. And we will refer to the measure of the angle by the capital letters and the length of the side by the lowercase letters. The law of sines uses the sines of the measures of the angles. The sine of A over A is equal to the sine of B over B as well. The sine of B over B is equal to the sine of C over C. And the sine of A over A is equal to the sine of C over C. This is sometimes stated as sine of A over A equals sine of B over B equals sine of C over C. However, it's very bad style to use more than one equals on a line. Don't do it. This isn't one of those rules like remembering to never split an infinitive. It's more of a rule like drive only on the left side of the road, right side of the road. It keeps you from having accidents. The other important relationship is known as the law of cosines. In any triangle A, B, C, C squared equals A squared plus B squared minus 2ab times the cosine of the measure of the angle C. This is like the Pythagorean theorem with the correction factor. So let's see how we can use this. Suppose I have two surveyors standing at points A and B, 200 meters apart. They sign on some object at C and measure the two angles to be 27 degrees and 38 degrees. How far is the object from each of our surveyors? To begin with, we should assume that this is a right triangle because I never gave you something that wasn't.  We should check to see if we have a right triangle by finding that third angle. So here the thing to remember is that the sum of the three angles in a triangle is 180 degrees. And so you know two angles, 27 and 38, whatever that third angle is, the three will add to 180 degrees. And so that gives us an equation. And we can solve that equation. And we notice that C is not a right triangle, and so we've wasted time. Or have we? Remember, knowledge is power. We went through all of this trouble to find the measure of angle C. Let's record it because if it's not written down, it didn't happen. Now, since we want to know A and B, we can use the law of signs. So if we look at the law of signs and compare it to our triangle and what we know, we see that if we want to find lower case A, this equation requires us to also know lower case B, which we don't already know, so we can't use it. This equation doesn't even involve lower case A, so it's not relevant. So that means if we have any hope of finding lower case A, we have to use this third equation, sine of A over A equals sine of C over C. So let's fill in our numbers. A has a measure of 27 degrees, C has a measure of 115 degrees, lower case C has a length of 200, and A is the only thing we don't know. Let's rearrange our equation a little bit and solve for A, and we'll use a calculator to find the values of sine of 27 degrees and the sine of 115 degrees, and that gives us our value of A. How about our value of B? Well, this time we have a choice. In the first equation, now we know the value of lower case A and the angles A and B, so we could use that first equation. But we also could use the second equation because we know the measure of the angle B and the measure of the angle C as well as the length C. So which equation do we want to use? And here's a good rule in life. Use the values to your most confident of. What does that mean? Well, the angles 27 and 38 were given, and so we have to assume that these values are correct. If they're not correct, there's nothing we can do about it. Likewise, this length 200 meters, we also have to assume is correct because if it isn't correct, we can't solve the problem. And so that means these angles A and B and this length C are all values we should be pretty confident of. Now, we just calculated two other values, the measure of the angle C, which we found by solving this equation and the measure of length A, which we found by solving this equation. And so the question is, which solution are we more confident in? Now, this is a more complicated equation and it involves a couple of new things, this sine of 27 degrees and so on. And so while we should have some confidence that this is the correct value, we might contrast it with this equation, which is a much simpler equation using things that are very familiar to us. And so we should have more confidence that this value is correct than this value. So what that means is we'll want to use this equation to find the value of B. So substituting in our values, then solving for B, then using a calculator to find the sine of 38 degrees and the sine of 115 degrees gives us our value for B. For example, suppose we have a triangle like the one shown, we can label the unknown side little c, so the opposite angle is going to be big C.  And we can try to use the law of sines. Let's see, this first equation requires us to have angles a and b and side lengths a and b. And while we have the side lengths, we don't know either of the angles, so there are too many unknowns to use this equation. So the second equation requires us to have angles b and c and side lengths b and c. But again, while we know the angle of c, and we know the side length b, we don't know the measure of this angle b or the side length c, so we can't use this equation either. This last equation requires us to have the measure of the angle a and c and the side lengths a and c. And this time, we still don't have enough information to use this equation, so we should try the law of cosines. So in the law of cosines, we don't know c, but we do know a, b and the angle c, so we can use this equation. So we'll substitute in our values, which will give us the measure of the side c.