Felly, mae'n ddweud bod yw'r ffordd hynny yn ymweld, mae'n ddweud hynny'n ddweud hynny, mae'n ddweud hynny yn ymweld, felly mae'n ddweud hynny'n ddweud hynny, ac mae'n ddweud hynny yn y dyfodol y twelwch am gyflawni, a gwnaeth i gyd yn ffocwsau dros y peth yn ddweud hynny. Yn y ddweud hynny, mae'n ddweud hynny yn ymwybodol y set of y rhaid, ac mae'r gwaith i'r analysau hynny yn ymweld i'r ccc i'r hynny, Dwi'n rwyf wedi bod yn gweithio hefyd, yn ym mwylo'r newydd yma, pan byddai'n gweithio'n gweithio'n ysgrifennu yma yn dweud y sefydlu. Roeddwn i'n mynd i'r cwmwysgol, ac byddwn i'n gofyn i ddweud'r gweithio'n gwirio, Tom yn gweithio'n gweithio'n Gweithio'n David Jofie, o'r fath o'r ddiogelio'n dŵr o'r cyfnodau yma ar y cyfnodau gwaith yma o'r cwmwysgol, I feel very privileged to be able to present this analysis to you this morning. They're with us on the webinar and we will hear from them later in the Q&A. And last instruction before we kick off is please if you haven't already downloaded the reports that we have published today, take some time to read them. They are I think a real route map for Welsh emissions and perhaps even the Welsh economy and Welsh society so that's the importance I think of what we are about to talk about. So let's move on to the first slide and just a short word on methodology and this is not the place I would normally start a presentation but I think it merits it this time. James you could just rattle on to the next one. Thank you. We have brought the full CCC toolkit to bear on the challenge of Welsh emissions in the reports that we published today. Our work draws very heavily on the UK work that we have been doing and you might have seen reported over the past few weeks to build an assessment of how the UK itself can get to net zero and the way that we do that which again I won't go into too much detail on is that we build bottom up a set of scenarios, abatement strategies, literally thousands of measures across the economy to understand how we can cut emissions to meet the statutory targets for the UK and for Wales. In this assessment we are advising a new target for Wales so we've used that apparatus which is based fundamentally in the science of climate change itself and the commitments that the UK made on the international stage under the Paris Accord. So everything that you hear today is going to be compatible with that. So far so good but what we've also done this year is bring this more scenario based approach to bear on the challenge of Welsh emissions. In common with the UK what we've been doing is trying to understand in some detail how we can get to net zero through a range of different paths. Last year we advised that the UK should set a net zero target of by 2050 for all greenhouse gases but we could only model just as Becky said a 95% reduction for Wales by that date. This year we take that analysis to a new level of detail which is allowing us to go further to give that advice that it is now the time for Wales to set its net zero goal. So the way we've done that is with these scenarios particularly so I just wanted to just just briefly talk about that because I think it is a new and exciting part of our armory this year in bringing this assessment to you. What we have here is three illustrative scenarios for how the targets can be met so we have in the red corner there the headwind scenario which is very similar to the assessment that we made last year in our net zero report. That's a world where we are getting to the goal of net zero by making lots of centrally planned infrastructure decisions. Carbon capture features very highly and strongly in that scenario and lots of hydrogen provision as well. The engagement scenario is really interesting scenario that's one we wanted to explore while people are more responsive to the challenge of cutting carbon. Businesses too are more responsive so it's a world with lots of behaviour change and for me the most interesting of the three scenarios that we have here today is the widespread innovation scenario. That's a scenario where we're looking at changes to technology, those technologies that drive us to zero carbon being more readily adopted. It's also a world where we have a very cheap power price so it's an electrified world in particular so those three illustrative scenarios all get to net zero under their own steam. They're each exploring a different theme of the transition ahead so infrastructure, behaviour change and technology or innovation. They each get there under their own steam. They're not however the only way of doing it so we deliberately put these scenarios together so that we can understand a bit more what those paths might look like. That has allowed us to build a fourth scenario so James if you move on this is our tailwind scenario and this is something we were really really keen to explore in the CCC building on the work of last year's report on net zero. We wanted to explore a world where everything goes well so we get the best of the infrastructure, the best of the behaviour change, the best of the innovation. We bring all that together. This is a world that gets to net zero early and you will see in a second implication for Wales. It's a highly optimistic take on what could happen. Interestingly though it only gets there a few years earlier so for me this scenario is most interesting because I think it demonstrates that the target that we're recommending for Wales today and the target we have now enshrined in law for the UK is genuinely ambitious. Really really tough target to meet but of course appropriate for the needs of the Paris Agreement. Lastly that allows us to build the thing that we're going to be talking most about after this today is the balanced net zero pathway. Again I'll show you in a second what this means for Wales but this is the fifth of the scenarios that we have built for emissions abatement. The goal of this scenario is to try and steer a course through those other illustrative scenarios, a more balanced course. We've looked at those bottom up strategies in every sector. We've tried to pick out the changes ahead that we regard as being moderate, balanced, achievable and crucially what we're trying to do here is progress as much as we can through the 2020s and keep hoping the options in those illustrative scenarios through the 2030s and 40s keeping those things in play with the things that we are recommending on that balanced pathway. So let's move on then to what we are actually recommending James and thanks very much we can move on to the next slide James actually. So this is the key chart these are new recommendations for Wales. The headline here is that we are recommending a net zero goal by 2050 net zero for all greenhouse gases but we will need real ambition to get there and in effect this pathway amounts to bringing forward the old 80% target from 2050 to 2035. That's the implication of net zero for Wales, hugely ambitious and we are going to run out shortly of coal-file power plants to close so we're going to have to make more and more effort to get to this kind of goal and we'll have more on that in a second. We think this path represents a fair and a credible contribution to the UK's net zero target which is in turn an ambitious contribution to the global agreement made in Paris really important to say that. The path that you see here is consistent with our recommendations for the UK's sixth carbon budget which we launched last week and it's also consistent with the UK's NDC the 2030 target for emissions which Boris Johnson has now submitted to the UN process again in line with our advice so this is all bringing this together in a very consistent way. This is genuinely ambitious we think but also genuinely achievable as a path and crucially it's a front-loaded path so if you could look over the next 30 years of emissions reductions for Wales divide that into two 15-year chunks about two-thirds of the required emissions reductions over the next 30 years would be achieved in the first half the first 15 years. That's important because it will minimise the cumulative contribution that Wales is making to the problem of climate change cumulative emissions it's also a statement that we need to invest early that will support the Welsh economic recovery after COVID of course and crucially and I think it is the crucial point we are opening up the options by going early on that transition opening up the options to create new industries new employment the options to go even faster potentially on emissions reduction later. You can see here that we're recommending a tightening of the second Welsh carbon budget period to 37 reduction 7% reduction from 1990 that's at a minimum to account for the early closure of Aberthaw power station and we've also set out recommended targets for 2013-2040 so those interim targets are 63% at 2030 89% at 2040 so I hope you can see the shape of that chart if we just move on to the next slide I'm going to show you the paths to those illustrative scenarios that I talked about and just have a look at the shape of that chart it's an inverted S if you can see it overall that tells the story tells the story that initially what we're doing is scaling up at the outset of this journey ahead of us ramping up the policy effort preparing consumers preparing businesses for the things that will come next then we get this very rapid fall in emissions over the 2030s as you hope you can see there really sharp falls across all the scenarios this is a chart looking at emissions reduction in Wales without engineered removals we have natural removals in there but not bioengine with CCS or direct air capture that tells you a little about the internal discussion that the CCC went through in coming to your recommendations we have two or three of these scenarios getting to net zero without those engineered removals but look there's some of them that aren't so this is this is a tight a tight proposal our balanced net zero pathway as you can see here without removals doesn't get all the way there in the end though we think there is enough flex in the things ahead of the next 30 years for Wales to set that next zero goal with confidence now but my earlier point still stands that clearly rests on upping the policy ambition at now pushing as hard as possible now to deliver those sharp emissions reductions in the 2030s so that decade ahead of us is really a decade when we need to make strong policy decisions and then we get the response after that in terms of emissions on the next slide thanks just another take on that here you can see james on the next slide oh that's not the right slide never mind i'm sure we can work that out another take on that you could the balance pathway that we're recommending and the range of possible emissions reductions that we think are achievable and we've looked at in the chart at least in the document you'll see there is a chart looking at the range of emissions that we think could come with those engineered removals that i just talked about the difference between the the line i've just shown you on this chart the balance net zero pathway and the and the and the pathway that we're recommending today to net zero is made up either by greenhouse gas removals or doing more on cutting emissions more generally across the the welsh economy we think there's the capacity to do that it would take about four percent of the total uk greenhouse gas removals that we're recommending to close the welsh gap so there's enough capacity in there to do that now we go in an adventure to see what the next slide is so james let's see what there is there uh let's move on from that one okay good back on track so um supporting the uk targets and the international effort is what i would like to talk about next and let's talk about how these recommendations fit with those uk recommendations that we made last week next slide thanks this is the uk version of the recommendations that we are talking about today again note that s shape for uk emissions which again is telling that story that i've just told about wales but the need to scale up the uk ambition early and see the return in terms of emissions reductions over the 2030s just a few things to note on the uk chart we're talking again about an increased ambition which is the product of having set a net zero goal last year um so the old 80% target that the uk used to have for cutting greenhouse gas emissions has now been brought forward by 15 years for the uk as well you can see on that chart the 2030 ndc recommendation that we made as well at least a 68 reduction which the prime minister then took to the un at the weekend um these are the uk carbon budgets and you can see that broadly they're in the right the right place at the fifth of the uk carbon budgets is the last blue chunk that you see there and that the importance of that ndc recommendation is that there is a there is that that budget is loose so it's really important that the prime minister has made that commitment but just look at the drop there in the in the orange sixth carbon budget the recommendation that we've made next year we will find out whether ministers in west minster are happy to legislate that recommended target we of course hope that they will now having seen that chart and the welsh version we thought it might be useful just to set out a comparison of the effort so next slide thanks james so this is the comparison of the effort between wales and the uk as a whole and you can see i hope how well matched that effort is over the next 30 years we're stripping out removals and aviation here slightly steeper fall initially uh in welsh emissions before we level off and then a plunge in welsh emissions if i can put that way over the 2030s and then we matched quite well the uk uh as a whole the chart for the uk over the 2040s we think this is a fair burden share overall um and you can see how how closely matched that ambition is for the whole of the uk and wales and it's a measure of the the journey that we will be making in lockstep so wales is not making this journey alone this is a uk wide journey and overall the effort that's needed to get to welsh net zero is being matched by the uk as a whole a final chart on this thanks james next one just looking at the share of emissions abatement from wales as a part of the whole uk again so another take on this eight percent roughly of emissions today are welsh across the uk and we're doing eight percent of the total abatement in wales as well it rises a bit to around nine percent over the mid 2030s to reflect the fact that there is a bigger fall then too but again another measure of the you know an equal and fair burden share across the uk for the for the goal of getting to net zero across the uk okay let's move on to the next slide and lastly this is one of my favorite slides really stunning chart comparing wales to the global effort and i just a bit of explanation about this chart here we're looking at per person emissions globally so this is the this is the requirement of the paris agreement if you were to look at emissions per head of the population globally and interestingly what you see on this chart initially is that flat line that black line which is the historical emissions per head story across the world and surprising to see that for some we have been flat lining on on that basis over the past 30 years we've been growing the population which is being pushing emissions up now what's necessary to reach the paris goals of well below two degrees centigrade warming threshold or best efforts for one and a half you can see in the two colored lines on that chart so we need to turn that black line and then follow preferably the green line there which would take us to one and a half degrees and you can see how that works the global goal here is to get to net zero somewhere in the 20 70s on that path to be compatible with the temperature agreement reached in paris now the reason i like this if we can just overlay the path that we're recommending today on that chart thanks james wales is very obviously starting from a higher place than that global average it's also starting from a higher place than the uk average again on a permission per head of population basis thanks to Welsh industrial emissions so wales is higher and therefore the fall must be steeper to net zero by 2035 wales has passed that two degree centigrade line i hope you can see that there and around 2040 it's hitting the one and a half degree line and then we've gone past that by 2050 so that is a measure of how ambitious this target is again it's the right target for wales and we're we're recommending that today on this basis we also think it's a fair contribution especially as the uk way pathway stays within that one and a half to two degree corridor of of emissions per head over the next 15 years but really stunning to see that that's that that's a measure of the progress that we need to make over the next 30 years and a really interesting story historically since 1990 as well okay let's move on then to the more interesting question of how wales can deliver that outcome and let's start with i think the prettiest chart you will see today we call this our rainbow chart and this is the this is the emissions abatement necessary for wales to get to net zero and what you can see here i hope is that it's made up broadly of four strategies to abate carbon across the Welsh economy the first of those is the kind of purpley stripes at the top that's reducing demand for high carbon activities second of them is the big bit that's the kind of orangey yellows and reds that's about the take up of low carbon solutions especially the orange bit which is electrification of the of the Welsh economy thirdly expanding energy supplies but doing that in a in a low carbon way that's the blue chunk and you can see how much of a contribution that's making in wales the green bit is the transformation in land and something we didn't have on the UK version of this chart is the fifth bit which is the flexibility that we think is necessary to meet net zero overall and i'll just go through these in turn so let's start with the question of reducing demand and being more efficient in line with the committee's recommendation for the UK as a whole we are in this in this advice advocating a shift in diets moving away in Wales from meat and dairy products we're also wasting less in this in this assessment so the importance of this here is that by 2050 that that might might only be a small proportion of the total carbon abatement that you see across the Welsh economy but in the early years it's really significant so it looks like on that chart about a third of the emissions abatement that we will see over the next few years comes through the demand reduction and efficiency measures this is also not just about diet shifts or reducing waste it's also about buildings becoming better insulated it's about vehicle industrial efficiency as well we think those changes can happen over time and they they tend to bring multiple benefits not just carbon benefits but also benefits to health to well-being to the economy as well so it's a really important step and it's really nice to be able to show you in this chart the second section is about to take up with low carbon solutions this is the big one for me this is where you'll see a lot of the biggest changes here we're seeing people we're seeing businesses adopt low carbon solutions buying assets that are zero carbon rather than high carbon by the early 2030s we've got to the point where all new cars and van sales all new boiler replacements and homes are low carbon in our assessment they're largely electric by 2040 you've got all new heavy goods vehicles all new purchases of those vehicles are zero carbon we've got the south wales industrial cluster and other industrial sites in Wales switching away from fossil fuels to low carbon alternatives installing carbon capture and starting story technologies at scale from about the mid 2030s that's all in that in those kind of three middle chunks there of electrification of the use of hydrogen and a sea or two capture really really important though and again nice to be able to show you how that changes over time and hopefully you can see how that really grows over the 2030s so that's doing a lot of the effort the next is the blue section this is the expanding of low carbon energy supplies this is really about cleaning up the electricity system clean electricity then we can use for transport for heating buildings and we can also use an industry in Wales low carbon electricity generation is going to shift from about 27% of the mix now to 100% by 2035 so we're looking at cutting Welsh power emissions by more than 95% in this chart we're also looking here at low carbon hydrogen supply so producing that either through electricity through electrolysis or by using carbon capture with with natural gas that we think that hydrogen is useful in a whole host of places especially in shipping as a fuel probably as ammonia and crucially in industry in those areas where we can't electrify those industrial processes so it's a good substitution for where we especially right now use natural gas for high process heat and then lastly transforming land so we do need a transformation in the way that Wales uses its land there's a nice chart i'll show you in a second about the range of options we have there by 2030 43,000 hectares of mixed woodland we think should be planted in Wales to remove that CO2 from the atmosphere we're growing that by 2050 to 180,000 hectares that is a major new change to the way that we use land that brings all sorts of benefits you can also think of it as a new a new commercial activity in it in and of itself so that's going to require agricultural land to change and the other change that's happening here is that we've got 56,000 hectares of agricultural land shifting to bioenergy production by 2050 whilst maintaining the amount of food overall that we are producing per head at the moment we've also got lots of peatland being restored there Wales needs to restore peatland and manage that sustainably as a carbon store also as a real step forward in biodiversity and in restoring nature and then that black section at the end there is the flexibility that we think will be needed to get all the way to net zero and there's you can see i hope there that it's a relatively small proportion of the total abatement necessary to get to net zero by 2050 and we think there's enough flex in the range of options that we've talked about in those four things to get to the goal of Welsh net zero with confidence so we're happy to recommend that to deal though we're not specifying exactly how to get there as you can see that that wedge grows over the late 2030s and into the 2040s and there's enough time to develop the options we think on to the next chart then and again is another one another great chart and so pleased i'm able to that we're able to talk about it today so what actually delivers that goal of net zero for Wales is in large part an investment challenge it is a challenge to grow the amount of investment that we are seeing across the economy in Wales scaling it up from today to 2030 by around two to three billion pounds each year of extra investment extra capex in the Welsh economy to deliver net zero you can see where that that capex goes in the sectors there it delivers that delivers net zero but it also delivers something which is i think in many ways more important to the story that we've been talking about today that's the stuff that's below the line so yes we do have this extra capex requirement this extra investment this extra investment cost across the economy in Wales in 2030 this is a more capital intensive discussion a more capital intensive transition than we would be doing if we weren't trying to aim for net zero overall but it also delivers not just net zero but this amazing fuel saving to the Welsh economy that's the stuff that's below the line there and what you can see here is that this is the money that we're not spending on fossil fuels anymore it's the money that's not being spent on inefficient fossil fuel technologies now fascinating and really exciting field to talk about about that saving it eventually cancels out the investment cost over time which i hope you can see that builds up over time that saving in fuel savings across the Welsh economy grows to cancel out the investment cost over time can't can't overstate really how important that insight is it's great that we can model it and show you the profile of it it means overall that the costs are now much lower for this transition so let's look at that next and just to give you a sense of how those costs overall change we're looking at the change in the resource cost which is effectively the net position of those capital investments and savings and you can see that they rise over over the period but they rise to about two billion by the end of that period but that's much much less than we thought they would be at even just last year in our assessment for the net zero report we're not saying here that this is a cost to the Welsh government important to say or the Welsh taxpayer an important discussion that we need to have about how these costs are met and shared among citizens in Wales and across the UK that's two billion or so that we get to by 2050 as I say is much lower than it was last year but it is nonetheless a real cost the reason it's come down is because we're doing less of the expensive stuff to get to net zero so less of the expensive greenhouse gas removals for example but crucially what we're plugging in here is a cheaper and cheaper power price so we've seen those those power prices fall since we produced our report last year which has this cross economy impact on the overall cost now that's really positive and of course we expect that that could continue into the future we're not assuming that we'll get those rapid cost falls into the future we do we do us do some additional fall in the cost of electricity in the future but that process of innovating cutting the cost is what's led to this remarkable fall even in just 12 months that process is what I would expect to continue but again really important to say that although the cost overall we see as relatively small there will be impacts particularly for those sectors that use fossil fuels extensively so think about the oil and gas sector and potentially the automotive sector that needs to be managed carefully very strong message in this report but the need for this transition to be fair that we consider not just the cost but also spreading the benefits as well as the cost across the economy benefits and opportunities that come with the transition that we have ahead of us especially in things like buildings retrofit and that cost is going to be in some sectors more than others so we need to consider how we can manage this in such a way that we protect industry and consumers from the cost of domestic heat carbonisation and industrial carbonisation decarbonisation and potentially also spread the benefits of where we think there will be cost savings particularly in the transition and surface transport which we now think is an overall saving to the Welsh economy by 2050 all of that said these are high-end numbers we are not here factoring in what we think would be a GDP moving investment programme necessary to get to the Welsh school of net zero the fact here is that we are modernising the whole capital stock of the Welsh economy over a remarkably small period that can only be a positive thing we think therefore there's a boost potential at least to GDP of around 2% by 2030 by making these kind of climate investments a boost to employment too and in particular as we recover from a pandemic this is not really a resource cost at all this is us using up spare capacity in the Welsh economy in a really sensible way using investments particularly when borrowing costs are low as a means to to prop up the Welsh economy in the Welsh recovery at the end of that you get a lot more than just net zero of course you get these modernised industries you get the health benefits you get cleaner air you get a better natural environment more livable homes these are all really sensible things to be doing on any grounds never mind climate grounds so this I think amounts to a really strong proposition overall and we think overall therefore that this is a cost that is that is certainly worth incurring especially with those benefits potentially the cost overall likely to be zero if you wrap in or closer to zero at least wrap in some of those extra benefits let's move on to the next slide we've also considered the well-being goals which in general we are a huge fan of in the committee this we think is a transition that matches those goals really well strong messages in our report here but the need for a just transition a fair transition and crucially one that is that is it that is seen to be fair by Welsh people the many ways that this transition will improve health outcomes feature strongly in our assessments we're going to make Wales more energy secure if we go down this journey group down this path with us and more resilient to climate change itself fits very well of course with the resilient Wales it's going to place Wales we think in the right place globally when it comes to the sustainable development goals and of course crucially the Paris agreement which we'll be discussing a lot over the next 12 months and most important of all my I've probably said this several times now this is a prescription we think for new investment and new jobs across the Welsh economy and therefore entirely worth it let's move on to the next slide thanks and lastly just to give you a sense of the enormous changes that come with this path that we are recommending today the changes implied by that goal of net zero just a whiz through the energy impacts that we're foreseeing for the Welsh energy sector these recommendations are adopted and acted upon they are awesome in every sense of the world so let's start with oil fossil fuels largely phased out by 2050 and you can see that particularly on this chart so oil down massive 95 percent by 2050 what little is left there is being used in aviation for jet fuel we move on to the next one natural gas down 60 percent today is a little less than they fall for the rest of the UK that reflects the continuing industrial use of natural gas with CCS in Welsh industry also in power generation which you can see here we've phased out natural gas use for heat completely in Welsh buildings in line with the UK advice natural gas boilers need to stop being sold by 2033 at the latest in our in our assessment onto the onto the low carbon energy changes and a doubling of the size overall the electricity system over the next 30 years in Wales to meet all the new needs that we have for that increasingly green and zero carbon electricity in transport and to heat buildings just look at the red section on that chart that's that's electrical heat we think increasingly with heat pumps over the next 30 years that is mostly supplied with renewable generation of course by 2050 we are using renewables really as the backbone of the whole power system and therefore the whole energy system as we electrify the economy and next one is hydrogen and we can't electrify everything so for what cannot be electrified we turn to hydrogen as a replacement for fossil fuel use and really a stunning increase in hydrogen demand from 2030s onward that hydrogen of course has to be clean so in its supply we're using that extensively as a clean fuel in industry and as a shipping fuel as well as you can see here and then lastly on this whistle stop tour of changes is land use and we can see on this chart the changes in land use that we have across the five scenarios and I've shown you the five scenarios here just to remind you that we have those scenarios land use is an area that really does look different across those five scenarios clearly a different range of outcomes that can be achieved in line with the goal of net zero emissions for Wales that we are recommending today it will be policy that drives these changes so the big change in our latest support is to build I think a better understanding of how diet change is freeing up agricultural land over the next 30 years we're modelling a 20% fall in meat in all meat consumption by 2030 that rises to about a third by 2050 crucially we're not just modelling a change in red meat consumption here it's all meat and that means we freed up more agricultural land than before which could be rewelded or turned back to a use that's better for nature with the right support for farmers and land managers to do that what you can see here is that there is a surplus year of land release so there's lots of options what we could do with that the big story here is probably the increase in forestry that you can see in the green sections across the scenarios in our balanced pathway forestry rises from about 15% of Wales land area now to a quarter in 2050 clearly very live policy debate with yesterday's news sustainable farming scheme news uh we haven't quite had the chance to digest that yet I had to look at the headlines last night it certainly looks like it's aiming at the right stuff so that's great so aiming at the right kind of environmental outcomes that we think would be delivered across these scenarios that I've set out for you today and the very last slide for me and very last point from me is just to highlight how much change is now on the way to drive this kind of change that I've been advocating and recommending in my presentation this morning this is just a I mean to be honest it's not an exhaustive list of the things that are coming over 2021 the policies that have been promised already by the Welsh and UK ministers it is a genuinely amazing moment if you work in policy on climate I can't remember a time like this in the 10 years plus I've worked on it we may not have a moment like it again this is really what is promised in the before the Glasgow COP next year and that's the logic of it I think is that we have all this effort stacked before the world's gaze turns to the UK in November next year and this is just what is promised there may be more over and above that and especially after the Welsh parliamentary elections next year all before Glasgow COP next year and there is a chance to end on a positive note just a glimmer that we can get things in good order before the world's leaders descend upon Glasgow of my hometown next year and I think that would be a really wonderful outcome complementing the new targets that we really hope and expect now that Wales will set on the basis of this advice so I'll stop there and just to say thanks very much for tuning in and back to you Becky


On Sunday, January 2nd, 2022, from 1900 hours ISD, there will be a New Year's Live Audio Q&A Satsang with Maharishi Karpri for 2 hours, where you can ask your questions and receive answers. To know more, click the link in the description box below. Anybody who is tuned in to their own source and with their love, exude love and nobody can deny that. Not even the person who has left you or doesn't want to be with you. That person also cannot deny it. So the more you tune in and the more you are in this love, you'll have more and more people around you who love you. It's one to one, a logical conclusion of tuning in to the source within and experiencing that love. When you were born, when you left your mother's belly, the soul took charge of your being and loves you unconditionally from that moment. When you tune in to unconditional love, what happens to you? You start loving unconditionally. That's what happens. When you start loving unconditionally, what happens next? You receive love from everyone around you.


It's been recap to Thanksgiving, one moment of classes, and things that have been a little bit slower. The excitement that I feel having Dr. Psycho-Satran are impacted to the UCI, overwhelms that kind of vaccine that we need to talk to, I don't know. But so I'm welcome back, and I'm delighted to introduce Dr. Psycho-Satran, who earned her doctorate and a PhD four years ago in the Environmental Health Science and Policy Program with an emphasis in epidemiology and public health. She studied genetic and environmental factors involved in ill breast cancer risk. And the publication from that work was hailed by many in the news media. Because it's such a rare condition, I'm very little with money, but I have to manage it. And many things have different ways of thinking about health and cancer than women. So there's a lot to do on that topic by itself. But I walk with Dr. Boyd-Anton Cooper and others in that group, led to make a disability. Also, she grinds it and then walks for what she's called now about technology operations, including planting. And I, a neighbor that makes botox, which is also famous. She currently serves as a consultant for Genentech. And her research areas include quality of life, patient-reported health outcomes, claims, and database analysis, and surveillance. Surveillance and epidemiology are a test result. We see our Medicare analysis from Kimi, and from her and Melanoma. So today, she's going to talk to us about cancer that affects the elderly. Meal makes to elderly, but the rest is slowly. But in that way, it really contributes to the nature of this botox function and its ability. So thank you again for accepting that invitation. And we'll stay for lunch. Thank you for that nice introduction. So as Deli was saying, I was an alumni here now. Deli was actually one of my very favorite professors. Oh, same. Same. So today I'm going to talk to you about a study that the title is Treatment Patterns and Outcomes in Elderly Patients Diagnosed with Project Lymphocytic Rheumatism. And the study was conducted using data from the Sierra Medicare. Well, it's a Sierra database of cancer registry linked to the Medicare claim to patients over age 60. So the results that I'll present to you has actually been previously presented as a poster at IWCL last year. And earlier this year was presented as asthma. And currently the manuscript for this work is a review network. So today I'll take you, I'll give you some brief overview of the CLO just to kind of get everyone to know about this. Although the objective of the study described to you this year Medicare data set, I will go over the methods of C-stable analyses used before some results and then we'll write down the limitations on the summary and conclusion. So epidemiology of CLL. So CLL is actually one of four subtypes of the group. And it affects the or to cancer of the white blood cells in the bone. It's the most common type of leukemia happening for about a third of all the human cases. Americans Cancer Society predicts that this year there will be roughly 15,000 new cases. And the prevalence is about 100,000 patients living with this disease. Who are actually in remission or are currently treated. So as I've already alluded, adults are primarily affected over adults. The mean age is around 70 to 78. Over 75% of the patients are over the age of it. And you see that risk is actually slightly higher in men. So with primal lymphocytic leukemia there's actually two different types. Delibensia block type of type that's very in the range of slow growing. And in fact a lot of patients are never even treated for it in their own lives. Without the procedure treatment they may actually die of some other on the way with the cold on their head. And then there's the other type that's really perhaps progressive and progressive. That would require patients to be treated by the way over the next three months. And unfortunately patients might circumfer that sort of progressive disease within the population. So disease stage is the main predictor of survival for probably the most of them. As well as several cancers. But a physician would usually consider other factors when deciding what sort of treatment they would want for these patients. And they would look at other things. And then overall all the co-ordination is their age and gender or different on the level of symptoms. These people are asymptomatic and diagnosed as an, and is actually an incidental on the way when someone goes in for an office visit having to do blood tests. It comes back with the pain towards them. And then there's a minor organization to have asymptomatic patients and go ahead and get out of there. So these are not the same white blood cells that will go out to someone who simply has an infection? So it is, so the thing is they go up but they don't work properly because they're cancerous. So you'll have more white blood cells you know that just before infection find themselves white. They're not working as involved with some of the patients. So current treatment guidelines recommend watchful waiting. So those are the patients who are never treated as doctors. Just pretty much monitor them with a lab test of regular blood tests and physical exams to see how the treatment is for all of their disorders. And that's typically for those who are diagnosed at a very early stage. And then once the patients are non-verbal, and you know there's some sort of indication that they're becoming symptomatic it will affect their quality of life. That's when they start considering treatment. And there's currently three different types of treatment that are considered. There's chemotherapy, the traditional cell, there you know they're the ideal one. Some of the common ones are the therapy, psycho-phosphide, and then we have the monoclonal additive body, which I talked a little bit about earlier on. And these are the proteins that are very abusive to your body and they target the cancer cells so that it is on the cancer cells. So it binds to it and it's somehow destroyed and they have to make medicals and then destroy the cells. And the current MPF group drug, the CR, is very toxic. And the studies come to an end. And then we also have combination of opioids, serum, and the other kind of combination. There's a small group of patients who might receive stem cell transplants, but because it's a disease of all patients, stem cell transplants are usually called in the younger patients and, you know, patients who have a body of better output. Question? Sure. So, those are not the same stem cells that are on the version. They're not on the brownie's stem cells. Where do they get from? So it would come from another group. So they're everybody's outcomes? Yeah. So the rationale for conducting stem cells. So far, a lot of the data that we have available on alkyne and alkyne population come from, or not really an alkyne population, but outcomes with CLL generally are from clinical trials. There's hardly a real low data out there. So given that CLL is a disease of all patients, you know, likely to be over the age of six to five, those types of patients are generally underrepresented in clinical trials. So, you know, the goal of this study was to see what are the real role outcomes in CLL patients, general practices of the disease. And that's one of the reasons why we selected the C or B here, I think, to make a basic process. So the objective of this study was to characterize all of the CLL patients of their demographic and clinical characteristics, and also to look at treatment patterns, their initiatives, the interviews therapies, to know the toxin, and then have confirmation numbers, and then finally to look at the outcomes, stride out by the difference. So we used the CR-medicine data. This, the CR part of the data is the CR registry that collects and publishes cancer records and survival data from various registries throughout the U.S., and it covers about 26% of what it represents, about 26% of what it does for others. And the CR-medicine combines this cancer-servingless data on the CR that they're including from Medicare for part A and part B services for patients that are over 65. So in the data, patients over 65, 97% of them are eligible for Medicare, and the actual rate is 93% of the patients who use it. So during the time of the study, you really looked at patients' guide and looked at the CR with CLL from 1999 to 2005, and looked at Medicare players from 1999 all the way to 2000. To identify treatment, that's where we would look at their Medicare claims. And the claims, claims coordination is very complicated, but briefly, we'll look at the part B of Medicare data. There are specific codes for general treatment for their administration. Specific codes for the type of course. So we'll do some coding and pick up these treatments, and we classify patients into three different treatment code words for this study. So we have the chemo of the room, then we have the retoxicab, monotherapy of the retoxicab of the room, and then we have the oral history. And we do, for the stimulation of the event, patients are required to survive 60 days after their initial patient to be classified into one of the treatment groups. And now it's the kind of introduction of something called mortal time bias or survival treatment selection bias. I don't know if you guys have been exposed to the different types of bias there, but so I'll try to explain this now. And one of the things to, I learned classical acting, going into pharmacological acting, you know, there's some new things that we pick up from all of them. So this is one of, this is an patient that's pretty typical in pharmacology studies of treatment where biases in three of those patients didn't survive long enough to see the treatment or to get the treatment benefit. So in a sense, the time between a patient initiates their treatment to the time of treatment that is sort of an immortal time where patients can die. And so what you might do on these days, is you want to make sure that your cause and effect are related to your time. Make sure that they didn't receive the treatment or to see how effective your survival is. And so one of the things that we do is you have to survive a certain period and make sure that you are really capturing that outcome that's associated with the patient. If we didn't do that, some studies that happened in the past, we've seen instances where the survival of the first was set very early on because patients were dropping out of the van. It would erroneously indicate that treatment on those two medical conditions. So this is one of the ways we did that. The reason for the 60 days, we consulted the clinical oncologist who was co-operating the study. They came up with this number based on prior research that's done as well as those six schedules in particular. One of the limitations of the day actually is Medicare doesn't reimburse for therapies. So a therapy like chlorhibisod, which used to be sort of a standard care or treatment procedure several years ago, is not available. However, more recently there's more kind of drugs that are more like a standard treatment, like food aerobics, like phosphoride. For an instance, I was often concerned most of the people like this would severely affect on the outcomes of this. But that's a really good question. Can I just make sure I understand the bias? Okay. So if the patient dies before the 60 days, you drop their phone number at the same time as this. Right. Giving the age group, I mean that means you're reducing the power of the state, if you lose it, you're out of it. So designing this study must somehow account for this, so that you don't lose enough power to find a good solution. Well, the good thing about the Sierra Medicare is that there were several thousand patients that we did with the drug. So more like an experiment criteria, you can get obviously to use power of the state. You know, you have forms that you can make without the solutions and everything. So, you know, it's a trade-off program. You can't, you know, we don't want to get into a situation, especially when we're looking at competitive drugs where you're going to just say something about it, someone else will show that it doesn't want to drop it. Okay, so this is a diagram of selection into the state of the world. So patients have to have a first primary CLL diagnosis between 1999 and 2005. They need to be at least 66 years of age and survive their month of diagnosis. So even though Medicare age is 65 or older, it's 66 because one of the other criteria is we need to be stimulating the study rules. Patients have to have 12 months of Medicare coverage for their diagnosis. The reason why people do that is to assess some baseline characteristics. So, more than weeks to make sure that they were treated for another cancer or a diagnosis or anything like that. So, essentially, that way they're going to be 66. They have to have part A to B coverage and no chemotherapy claims prior to their diagnosis. So the final summary was included 6,200. So we generated summary statistics to compare that graphic clinical characteristics between the treatment rules. Then we did some on a justice or vital analysis. We did some Captain Meyer curves to compare what the overall survival was. And we used the law-right test to test the differences between those curves. And then we did some of the all-day variants for a vital analysis using a Cox proportional hazardous regression model. And we used this to identify factors associated with risk of death and risk of death between the three treatment rules. Follow-up time, patients would follow them until they died. They enrolled in an HMO because HMO is the data that is not available in the data set. So they would have no claims if they had an HMO. So they were x, they were followed up until they were diagnosed to death. They enrolled in an HMO to develop a kind of a second primal tumor. The last days of their Medicare claims or the study average which in this case was December 31st, 2000. So some results to treatment patterns. So out of the 6430 patients, the majority of them are 68% for observation, so they weren't treated at all. These patients tended to be older, they had more diabetes, and they were likely to have earlier stage disease compared to the group of patients who didn't receive treatment. And that's intuitive. That's sort of what we expected. The patients who didn't receive treatment, that was 32% for more people. We had a lot of patients that were heavy in their tumor, 1,429 patients. And retosemite plus chemo had about 290 and 390 patients who treated with retosemite. So retosemite was actually part of the initial infuse therapy, 30% of the patients. So we also found that retosemite was increased over time throughout the course of the study. Now, it increased 10% to about 43% in 2005. And that's because, you know, as we do more clinical trials, I think that's the reason we also play an engine. Also retosemite became the gold standard for treatment. And we've been able to look very, very similar type of cancer. So it's been used more, it's shown to be very efficacious and effective. So looking at differences in demographic and different characteristics between people, the mean age of the entire cohort was second to the unit. Patients were more likely to be male, white, early stage and have fewer preferences. When we started looking at differences between the three different, which is about what chemo only and R plus chemo were pretty comparable when it came to age, clearly, at the stage. But the R-lock therapy seemed to be a different patient that was being treated. They were older, they had a broken woman, but they had earlier stages compared to female. One of the things that we don't hear for CLL is seer-medicare stages are available with stages typically available with seer, the seer data for many kinds of tumors. Probably more smaller too. But this cancer was not. So what we did, just for staining the analysis, we created this proxy variable based on a two-stated system, CLL. So there's the live staining system that's mostly used in the U.S. and the DNA, which is also used in different communities. But basically, to indicate that at the back stage, that's defined by the presence of an in-the-art prophesied in the U.S. blood vessel, prophesied in the U.S. blood platelets. And those two things indicate a patient has advanced diseases. And what we did is we looked up their claims and looked for a diagnosis of those two things. And we created this variable that we processed at the stage. And so we did essentially adjust practices and so forth. Really the big compounding variables come to some of our analysis. Looking at the unadjusted overall survival between the three regions, which we found at the back stage. So the top curve which Rituximab called here red is Rituximab, because chemo and blue is chemo. But essentially, we found that Rituximab had the highest overall survival cases unadjusted. So it was just very raw, including survival rates followed by Rituximab and chemo. So we hit survival as well. So we hit survival as well. We hit survival as well. 53 months of Rituximab. 52 months of Rituximab was chemo. And then 34 for Rituximab and the longer Rituximab was chemo. So when we did a long time very adjusted analysis, we found that it actually supported the unadjusted survival of Rituximab. We still saw that patients who were in Rituximab all along had a 40% overall risk of death than patients who were treated with Rituximab and patients who were treated with Rituximab plus chemo had a 25% overall risk of death compared to chemo as I just made for each gender-raised stage in Rituximab. So in general patients treated with Rituximab with Rituximab had a low risk of death compared to patients treated with chemo and we also identified our risk factors such as as age increased the risk of death increased patients with male gender black race before and by stage as the number of women increased their risk also the risk of death also increased. And now because in the previous slide that's adjusted for those who are not on any medication any treatment. This, yeah so this is unadjusted. This is an unadjusted survival practice. Is it a good survival? What are the side effects I mean I'm assuming the side effects are different for people they are and that's something we looked at it's in the manuscript I didn't mind getting to that in general you know there are different side effects you know we looked at race of hospitalization side effects you know we're still seeing in the real-world side effects it's already supported by this but in the real world we're still seeing the side effects with or without with or without with or without as I mentioned earlier we thought that the retoxemap only population was a very different patient population compared to the patients who were receiving to all of our questions and so as a sensitivity analysis we took out retoxemap a lot of retoxemap other patients from the process we thought that it was a really valid to compare the retoxemap to all of this good-rooting comparison of retoxemap was just a whole different type of patient in the first place so we took them out and the results were going to have changed it's still 25% full risk of death of care of people the risk factors are still the same so those are the results that I would go to like I said in the paper there was a lot of research but for the person with this presentation I thought it was available some of the limitations without results oral therapy for retoxemap mentioned earlier those are not included in the data and so we were unable to describe these concurrently retoxemap patients who received it before they actually felt retoxemap for example there might be a case where a patient relapsed and then they started their IV so their IV so that's something we're not able to account for but again just because the use of forerunner is much more about that and we don't see the reason why the use of it would be different between retoxemap you know it might just know that retoxemap is staged by using a diagnosis of retoxemap from the site of retoxemap so we were able to control for that but there are a lot of evaluations that are you know telling my comments about having treatment patients and chemotherapy so different side effects and advocacy you know but yeah it's just the best you do for what you have and for the other side so to summarize we found that the retoxemap of their population was over less likely to have AIDS disease and have better spinal which suggests that this is a group of patients who had less compared to the other two groups and we shouldn't really compare the patient with the disease and finally get unadjusted and adjusted to vital models we found that retoxemap with or without to or associated with improved outcomes we'll be able to just want to kind of disclose the study with co-authors from several different organizations to get this kind of perspective Questions? I'll start so it's conventional which says that like our technology factories of pharmaceutical companies don't work on don't invest a lot of money diseases that don't affect a lot of people don't have a force of segments like 15,000 people in approximate that disease in the U.S. I'm not and most maybe die after a few years of diagnosis so it just yeah I don't is this enough for companies to make money? Is this not good? Yes it's definitely not well a lot of these drugs are just several so the drug of patients were tested so you know there's several different indications like rheumatoid arthritis that it's the gold standard you know not there's a lot of different things being used for and these cancer patients are very sensitive because they were out of care system treat and manage these patients so you know you know they do get reimbursed and that's another part of you know just being able to see how all these different things come from the body so now people who study and they know how many how many you get reimbursed and coming up the comforts with the drug how many you get reimbursed how much more do they get there are all these economic models to say what the cost of patients what the quality of life that would be so you know it's not just this one little part that we do there's so many different things that are built that are built and developed and so very expensive and that's why you know a lot of these things maybe a fall-off one it's not that this is it's only rare in children it's not that it's possible rare is rare it's all over this type of stuff you can get there are others like me and others who are not this one is there's more value and your risk starts going back a little bit just a little bit some aluminum paper did you use for defining stages so we would so we would look for a diet and see a Medicare it doesn't it depends on the data that's in the data set that one so it doesn't give you the actual level it will tell you if there's a diagnosis of a you know what the site would do and if they were treated for it and it will give you a code for a treatment for it so we didn't look at the weapons but we didn't look for a diagnosis any other questions? okay thank you very much thank you


Save 10% with my code Bobby10 on raw, organic, grass-fed and grass-finished, freeze-dried organ meats from grassland nutrition. Link in the description box. All right, guys. Welcome back to the channel. If you're new, my name is Bobby. Guys, very interesting video today. We're going to watch Do Muslims Believe? They are created in God's image by Dr. Shabir Ali. Extremely interesting topic for me personally, guys. I wanted to know if Muslims believe that they are created in the image of God. This is not a video recommendation of you guys. I searched for this by myself because I really want to know. Metal Effect on our upcoming podcast with Sheikh Udman Farooq. I wanted to ask him exactly about the image of God. Therefore, let's have a look. You're watching Let the Quran Speak. Now we answer questions we receive from you, our viewers. If you have a question, visit our website, QuranSpeaks.com. Dr. Shabir, the question is, do Muslims believe they are created in God's image? So we need to tease out some background for this because the question might actually be surprising to some Muslims, like what is meant by God's image. Because for Muslims, God does not look like anything we know. We cannot imagine that conceptualize a God in some form. So we are told since we are children that angels are like this. Angels are neither male nor female. So we realize from childhood in our Islamic teachings that we can even visualize what angels look like. I mean, we may see popular iconography mainly from Christian sources with angels having wings and so on. But the Quran in fact says that angels have wings or describe some angels as having wings. But they're not physical beings like us. They're spiritual beings. When we think about God in the Muslim conception, God is even beyond that. God is transcended. He is referred to in the Quran as Al-A'la. He is above everything. And the Quran says, La tu-dhrikuhu al-absarwa hu yudhriku al-absarwa hu allatifu al-khabir. No vision can grasp him, but he grasps all vision and he is subtle yet aware. So God is that subtle being. The Bible describes him as the hidden God in the book of Isaiah. Exactly. Christians do agree, even if they're Trinitarians, that the essence of God cannot be fully explained. And the image of God, it is not meant that we are created in the image of Jesus or anything like that, but in the likeness of God, that we share some sort of attributes with him. To tease out that background a little bit more in our sister religions of Judaism and Christianity, this was already discussed and that's largely where the question seems to come from. Is it a biblical concept? Yes. In the book of Genesis, in chapter one, it says that on the, you know, God created things day one, day two, day three, then on the seventh day God rests.  And then it says in the image of God, he made them. So it's interesting that he made them in the image of God, which means male and female. God made them male and female in the image of God. He made them. So what does that mean for what God looks like? Does it mean that God is both male and female? This is especially interesting to feminists because for a long time, the traditional view has been that God looks like a man and God is addressed as father.  Gathering people is a female attribute? What? Nonetheless, the prevailing image of God is that of a father and of a man. And now in the book of Genesis, we see that God sometimes comes down in the form of a human being as a man. And he appears, for example, to Abraham. And then he dines with Abraham apparently. So the idea of God looking like a man, this became the prevailing image. And modern feminists, you know, are paying some attention to the idea that God is somehow both male and female, because that's literally what the verse seems to entail. God created them. Crazy feminists, for them it would be ideal if God was a transgender. In his image, male and female, he made them. Thinking about this imagery for God, however, Jewish interpreters like Maimonides, they have said that what is referred to here is not a physical form of God, but that human beings are created like spiritually and like God in some way. And I think this is where the Islamic tradition can pick up. The Islamic tradition says, this is mentioned in Sahih al-Bukhari as an authentic hadith that God created Adam in his image. Now, if the Prophet peace be upon him said that, then what it must mean is that the same kind of spiritual meaning that Maimonides referred to, because in the Islamic concept, just like the Jewish concept, God does not have this physical form. So it must mean that just as God is kind and compassionate and so on, human beings have been created with this, also given intelligence and language, which sets human beings in distinction. Exactly right. We can embody certain aspects of God, of course, in a very, very downgraded fashion. I believe this is what Jesus meant when he said, only God is good. We as humans, we cannot be fully good like God, but we can reflect those attributes from other created physical things that we see on earth. Thank you for sharing those interesting insights. Thank you very much. All right. And this is already it for today's video. A very short, brief explanation about the image of God. Please, as always, let me know in the comments section as well. If you agree here with Dr. Shabir Ali or is he wrong? Is it an authentic adith? I have no idea. I have to take his word for it. I personally do sympathize, however, with the explanation of the image of God. But as I said, not as a literal image, not that God is a human and he made little humans after him. But however, that his likeness can be reflected in us. All right. This is it. Let me know in the comment section what you think. If you like this video, leave it a thumbs up. If you haven't subscribed already, guys, please do so. And if you want to support this channel, all the links are in the description box below. Thank you so much for your ongoing support, especially on Patreon. As always, may God bless you all. Much love and peace.


Since the Unprovoked and dastardly attacked by Japan, a state of war has existed between the United States.  I've stolen my dreams, my childhood with your empty words. Yet, I'm one of the lucky ones. People are suffering. People are dying. Entire ecosystems are collapsing. We are in the beginning of a mass extinction. And all you can talk about is money and fairy tales of eternal economic growth.  We have therefore made the assessment that COVID-19 can be characterized as a pandemic. Pandemic is not a word to use lightly or carelessly. It's a word that if misuse can cause unreasonable fear or unjustified acceptance that the fight is over, leading to unnecessary suffering and death.


Hello and welcome to the session. In this session we are going to discuss how to solve first degree equations including those involving fractions, decimals, ratio, proportion and percent. Now we are already familiar with method of solving a first degree equation. Now steps of solving an equation in first degree in X are as follows. First of all we shall open the brackets if exist in the equation. Then we add and subtract to get all terms within X on one side of the equation and everything else on the other side. Then we multiply or divide to solve for X. Now we shall solve first degree equations involving decimals, fractions, ratio, proportion and percent. Now we shall consider an example. Suppose we have to solve the proportion for X and that is X upon 3.5 is equal to 2.4 X plus 1 whole upon 4. So first we will cross multiply it and we get 4 X is equal to 3.5 into 2.4 X plus 1 the whole. Now we shall open the brackets and we get 4 X is equal to 3.5 into 2.4 X that is equal to 8.4 X plus 3.5 into 1 that is equal to 3.5. Now we bring all the terms of X on one side and the constants on the other side of the equation and we get 4 X minus 8.4 X is equal to 3.5. This implies that minus of 4.4 X is equal to 3.5. Now we divide both sides by minus 4.4 and we get X is equal to 3.5 upon minus 4.4 that is equal to minus of 0.79. So X is equal to minus of 0.79. Similarly we can solve equations involving percent. Suppose we have to find 14 percent of what number is 7. Now here let X be the number whose 14 percent is equal to 7. So we write 14 percent of X is equal to 7. This implies 14 by 100 into X is equal to 7. Now this is an equation in first degree. To solve it we multiply both sides by 100 and we get 14 into X by 100 is 14 X by 100 into 100 is equal to 7 into 100. This implies that 14 X is equal to 700. To find the value of X we divide both sides by 14 and we get 14 X upon 14 is equal to 700 by 14 which implies that X is equal to 700 by 14. Here 14 into 1 is 14 and 14 into 50 is 700. So this implies that X is equal to 50. So we say that the number is 50 whose 14 percent is 7 Now let us consider one more example if one fourth of all hibernating animals in US are in danger of becoming extinct. This means 6348 hibernating animals are in danger. We need to find how many hibernating animals are there in US. First we form its equation. Let number of all hibernating animals in US be X and it is given that one fourth of X are in danger of becoming extinct and that is equal to 6348. So equation is 1 by 4 of X that is 1 by 4 into X is equal to 6348. To find the value of X we multiply by 4 on both sides and we get 1 by 4 X into 4 is equal to 6348 into 4. This implies that X is equal to 25392. So number of hibernating animals in US are 25392. Thus we can solve the first degree equations involving percent, fraction, decimal and proportion. This completes our session. Hope you enjoyed this session.


A physically challenged lawmaker representing a hung constituency of a Damawar State Assembly, right Honourable Matia Wesley, has emerged as the Speaker of the State Assembly, while Buba Mohamed Gigiwa, representing Jadamboli, emerged the Deputy Speaker of the Assembly. Both Speaker and Deputy emerged on a post. Delivering his speech while presiding over shortly after inaugurating other members of the Assembly from various constituencies, the Speaker of the House, Mr Wesley, thanked them for the confidence reposed in him and promised to justify it. Addressing the new members of the Seventh Assembly, Gavna Amadou-Umaru Fentiri congratulated them for their inauguration and called on them to in line with the provision of the constitution. Hello, hope you enjoyed the news. Please do subscribe to our YouTube channel and don't forget to hit the notification button so you get notified about fresh news updates.


hello pepper how can I help you how are you I'm always feeling good thank you and you how's it going all right thank you you're welcome please introduce yourself my name is pepper I'm a humanoid robot and I'm 1.20 meters tall I was born at Al Debrun in Paris you can keep on asking me questions if you want how old are you and one I'm still pretty young do you eat sure I prefer my electro scream shaking not stirred haha are you intelligent and super good thanks will robots replace humans and here to serve humans if there are no humans there is no me okay that's nice meow bye bye pepper bye bye do you want me to shut down no stay okay


Good morning senators, normally we started 10 and at this point we do not have a quorum as we only have four senators, so there will be no sitting. The word that from the president of the senate that there will be no sitting of the upper house today as they have not arrived, they have not attained a quorum. And noticeably the independent senators and the senators of the opposition are not present today and as a result the house was not able to arrive at a quorum, to get a quorum in order for the day to proceed and so the president of the senate has just indicated that there will be no sitting of the house for that reason. At this point in time we see the government senators, that is the leader of government business in the upper house, honourable Mary Isaac and also a senator Francisco Shapira, senator of the honourable Theropoleus and a senator of the honourable Fortuna Bell Rules as well as senator of the honourable Hermanville Francis all preparing to leave at this point in time on this word received from the president of the senate. We now wrap up from the honourable house and await word from the office of the parliament as to when this sitting will be held. So please stay tuned to NTN for more programming from the government of St. Lucia. My name is Jesse Leal signing off from downtown Castries in the Parliament building, goodbye.


You've heard it here first, do you guys? Ding, ding, ding! The results are in. Adana wants to be in... You and I, we're not too lost to each other. So if you guys are Adana, welcome back to my channel. So if you are new to my channel, go ahead and do one thing for me right now and that is subscribe, hit that notification bell as well so that you know exactly when a new video is coming out and follow me on Instagram at AdanaThePA. I am going to be talking about what kind of PA I am going to be or I would like to be. You guys have been asking me this often, quite often and you know I have a better idea of what I want to do and what area I want to go into now that I am six months into my clinical year. I know it's kind of like tricky, you know, like I tricked you. Ha, sorry, I'm, I'm sorry guys. I still don't completely know but I do have a better idea. So after going through these clinical rotations this far I have been thinking to myself like what exactly do I want to do. And it's hard because there are so many areas that you can go into as a PA and then also there are so many different kind of hours that you can work. As I told you guys, you know, I've done pretty much like all of them I guess you could say so far. I've done four tens, I've done three 12s, I've done 24 hour shifts, I've did your, you know, five, eight hour shifts. So it's, it's been interesting trying to figure that out especially with the life that I want to live in the future and how much I want to see my kids in the future because and how much I want to see my husband because like I actually like him. I actually like hanging out with him and I like my family so I want to spend time with them. So it's important for me to have that time to myself and I've realized that I kind of really like these 24 hour shifts. They're really cool. If I'm doing, I'm only working six to eight times in a month period. Like that's amazing to me. I can go on vacations, I can just do things and not have to do PTO time.   But for me I've understand that I kind of want to do that and for that you have to find specific like inpatient jobs. So the trauma PAs do that. Some ICU PAs do it at different hospitals and then OVGYN PAs do it and I guess maybe like some of the other surgical specialties do that as well. So that's interesting.  So like do I want to be an urgent care or emergency medicine PA where I know a lot about like every like I know a good a little bit about everything but I don't know a lot about like one thing one particular area because seeing specialists seeing these people that are in particular specialties talk about their area it's amazing because they're so knowledgeable and they just sound so smart and they are because they have to know everything that they could possibly know about that particular area and it's really cool to see that but at the same time I don't know if I want to like be so super specialized right out of the bat so what I've been thinking is that I probably want to have like two jobs which I know it's kind of sounds like an oxymoron that I want to spend a lot of time with my family but right out of PA school I want to have two jobs but how I was to envisioning this is that I want to be able to do 24-hour shifts but at the same time have a job like at an urgent care because I used to work at one so and at that person go back to that urgent care and urgent care in the area that allows me to do PRN shifts just that I can just pick up so that I'm able to hone in on my specialty skills but at the same time moonlight at the urgent care so that I can keep my mind right and fresh and keep like you know doing more learning more as as I come and see these different cases come through so that is my my thing I think I want to be an OBGYNPA but I'll also want to work at an urgent care that's me, Adana halfway through my clinical years what I want to do as I graduate I don't know if that is going to change in the next six months um of clinical experience but um on my rotations but we'll see that's where I'm at right now so you've heard it here first do you guys ding ding ding the results are in Adana wants to be an OBGYNPA in moonlight at an urgent care I don't know if that's what's gonna happen but we'll see let's stay posted okay all right so that is it you guys if you have any other questions for me go ahead and leave it in the comment section below thank you guys so much for watching following me on this journey like not just following me but being a part of this journey with me you guys we have been in this thing for a year and like six months we're we're going strong we're doing good um and I can't wait for the rest of these um how many months I have I think I have eight more months left um including like my summative summer months so I can't wait to share those experiences with you I love you guys I will talk to you guys next time


The Chief Medical Director of the Federal Medical Center, Belkutalgun State South, Professor Diwali Moussa-Lama, has called on the federal government to declare a state of emergency and energy in all medical institutions across the country. He lamented the rising cost of diesel in the country, which has amped the daily running of medical facilities in the country. Moussa also encouraged journalists to always check their health status, cultivated healthy lifestyle, and also shown alcohol and cigarette consumption. That comes down to $10 million in a month. But suddenly, the thing jumped to $22 million, and that came down to $44 million in a month. So, how are you going to cope? But see what they did when COVID came. They declared it as an emergency. They gave us the money. Good references to them. I'm happy my people haven't mentioned it. You are to create ICU, 10 beds. With the money they gave us, I'm ready to go to the hospital. In the emergency, we built 20 beds, that's me. You are the one in the country. And I want you to listen at this time. Whenever anybody is starting their school, you need additional things to support all the system of your body. Please do subscribe to our YouTube channel and don't forget to hit the notification button so you get notified about fresh news updates.


Hey there friends, thanks for checking in. What you're looking at is a Breda 92 squalo What is a squalo? Well, let me Present it this way. See these grips. This is these are whole grips made specifically for this pistol It's a little darker than a tungsten gray All right, it has some great features. I'm getting to that it has this Huge magazine 21 rounds. All right, you can see the base plate on there It has a flared mag. Well an extended magazine release All right, that's very large and it has this lever takedown lever that also serves as a gas pedal for that left-side thumb. All right squalo is Shark in Italian. That's how this came about. That's how it's called the 92 Squalo given the color and everything else. Now, let's take a look at this trigger. It's got a flat trigger. All right nice slide and It is very short This is also known as the 92 XI and that's one of the things I wanted to see when I came here So which one is the XI? It turns out it's this one right here. They're a Couple this is the squalo It is optic ready and once again with those two bolts you remove that The bolts and you attach the optic plate that covers this thin top strap of the slide And it basically mounts a very sturdy Plate for the optic that you want to run and here's a look at the business end. You can see that it has a Fiber optic front sight Three-slot pick rail nice Saracote finish and this is the Beretta squalo with the large 21 round magazine the 92 GTS that I showed has a decocker here This one does not have a decocker instead. It is a thumb safety Cocked and locked here. We drop that and we're good to go. The trigger is super sweet Looking right here there that reset is amazing the shortest one I've seen today Right there. I really love this. I really do. I think it's sweet I think the overall look is awesome. I think Hogue did a great job with that and The 11 It's just something else. I need to mention the XI or 92 11 this would be considered Beretta's version of the 2011 without it being a 1911 like pistol the 2011 that's where it came up with the XI or 92 11 Beautiful looking handgun like the gas pedal there Hold it just like this serrated black rear sight Fiber optic front sight trigger. Let's check out that Reset once again. Wow. That is really nice Let me go ahead and load it up and you'll see it in action With the 92 squalor if you like videos like this, please subscribe and share I always appreciate thumbs up button. Thanks for watching and you guys be safe


So it's all within the curls Then I'm going to take the hair gather it together twist it all up and Then as I run my hand down just keep spraying so that as the curls come off They've each got a little bit of spray on all the layers come back up, and then you've got yourself a Beautiful head of flowing waves and curls Thanks


It takes quite a while for me to pay attention to any royal story often when i hear on the radio someone talk about prince charles prince harry whoever i tend to switch off however in various situations there are moments where my ears do prick up diana conspiracy theories for example and anything. Connected to her death i will i will listen to i will roll back so i can listen to it again. The harry and megan saga has also kind of got to that level for me i can't ignore it i'm actually finding it. Very interesting and the beef between prince harry megan marco and the rest of the royals heated up today that was with the release of a promotional clip from their sit down interview with oak pro winery. You know for me i'm just really relieved and happy to be sitting here talking to you with my wife by my side. Because i can't begin to imagine what it must have been like for her going through this process by herself. All those years ago because it's been unbelievably tough for the two of us but at least we had each other. I'm gonna be watching that ninety minutes that was a real. Dig i think is dad because he's saying you know we've been dragged through the mud by the british press we've had the royal family against us but at least we've got each other diana had to go through that on her own. Should be very interesting it also comes after an interview between james cordon and prince harry that was last week and they drove around la on an open top bus it was very much like light entertainment kind of entertaining. Prince harry in that blame britain's toxic press for pushing him to stand back from royal duties as is to be expected all of this. I'm prince harry and megan marco resigning from from front line royal duties and then going and doing a lot of interviews with the american press that's really riling up. I'm lots of britain's red faced talking heads this was pierce Morgan this morning i'm he tweeted. Summary of his article for the daily mail it takes a staggering degree of narcissism to play hard done by victims from your californian mansion as the world reels from a pandemic and prince philip lies seriously ill in hospital. The only service megan harry know is self service and now pierce morgan getting angry at a young attractive couple won't come as much of a surprise but i mean obviously there are elements of truth in that as well these are definitely not the two people who i feel the most sympathy for at the moment. I'm even if the people who they are angry against i kind of have even less sympathy for in this situation of going back to the media it's not just the likes of pierce morgan you know very outwardly. Ideological shop jocks to some extent that's one of the things that pierce morgan does also does some good interviews but it's also bbc royal correspondents who are sort of getting in and seeming really annoyed megan and harry not particularly professional this was. Nicholas which or who is the bbc's royal correspondent explaining an exchange between harry megan and the queen when they resigned from royal duties a couple of weeks ago. There's almost an unspoken sentence which doesn't appear in the statement after that a life of public service like i have led like my husband has led at the age of nearly 100 like the rest of your family continue to lead but which you have decided to opt out of. Of course they're saddened as the statement says they're deeply disappointed i think that this is how matters have turned out and then the sussex's statement which concludes with these couple of phrases. We can all live a life of service service is universal isn't there just a sense there of thumbing their noses don't tell us how to lead our lives so i think on both sides harry i think we'll now. Perhaps finally realize the implications of the decision that they have taken. He looks like he's gonna have an aneurysm i think harry will finally realize the implications of the decision he has taken thumbing his nose at the queen he does not realize the meaning of service none of them realize the meaning of service let's be frank here they're all talking about you can resign from the royal family and still live a life of public service. Whether or not prince harry resigns from the royal family he is not living a life of public service in both cases he's either living off tax payers money or he's living off advertising revenues from interviews he's doing because for the first. You know how a roll is 30 odd years of his life he was living off public money in any case ash. You know they do you know people like pears morgan do have a point when they say these are self-promoting people complaining about the press and then doing very. Well we presume in these cases well paid interviews with the press so it is a bit hypocritical at the same time he's annoyed because the press and the royal family were terrible to his mother who then died. You got some sympathy with him where do you stand on this. Celebrities hypocritical wow I never never heard of the concept before I think it's actually sort of useful to contextualize this and then and take a little bit of a step back because what's happening isn't. Megan and harry escape the aristocracy what they've done is that they've escaped the British aristocracy which is deeply feudal deeply old fashioned wedded to systems of hierarchy which you cannot separate from white supremacy because of the fact of the composition of the British aristocracy. In order to enter the American aristocracy which is made up of this kind of upper echelon of those who've reached the top of their fields whether that's in celebrity media acting or politics so they want to become part of this social strata which includes the likes of. Barack and Michelle of Beyonce and Jay Z of Oprah Winfrey of Ellen DeGeneres how this American aristocracy obviously is not feudal in nature and it's the kind of product of this you know turbocharger that the age of celebrity and broadcast media was able to put on the careers of people. And really get them to the top of the social ladder very very quickly and compose this this upper crust of American society and it is a more racially diverse aristocracy. Oprah is somebody who is one of the most well known and beloved figures in the entirety of America sort of the you know richest people in the country. And that's why I think they've also positioned their media debut you know in the American stage with that Oprah interview you know it's one step above even the likes of Gail King who's somebody who attended Meghan Markle's baby shower. It's very much saying like we are aiming for the highest of the high the top of the top, and I think it's quite interesting that the sponsorship deals that they've managed to manage to negotiate are very very similar to the ones that Barack Obama and Michelle Obama negotiated for themselves. So I think that that's the story of what's happening and then you can get dig into the personal character driven elements of this on the one hand you've got Prince Harry who is probably deeply traumatized by the death of his mother. The phrasing of that interview preview, I imagine that there was a sense that he shares with his mom who said this to Andrew Morton when he was interviewing her for the book Diana in her own words that she was left unprotected by Clarence House when she was dealing with press intrusion both before she married Charles and you know after their separation. She was really just thrown to the wolves, she had no money put towards you know her security or there's no sense of the Clarence House press machine stepping in to deal with the kind of you know relentless and negative coverage that she got and imagine there's a sense that that's what killed her that's why the car was speeding when it into that tunnel and that's why that tragedy happened. And then this is me speculating a bit, I don't imagine it was straightforward for Meghan Markle, an American woman, a divorced woman and a mixed race woman with a black mother to enter those royal spaces and I'm not just talking about how she might have been treated by other royals. So we do know that Princess Michael of Kent's, whose father was an SS cavalry officer, wore a blackface brooch and orinoco brooch for the first time she went to meet Meghan Markle so that's how racist they are they have racist accessories. I imagine that also that intensely hierarchical ritualized social setting of the Royals and what goes on in their palaces was also something that was very difficult to deal with and again this is something which Princess Diana spoke about she absolutely hated it at Balmoral, where you had this insane a level of social ritual just for sitting down to dinner and if you spoke out of turn, you know, even the servants would make it very, very clear that they disapproved of you.   And what we could do is make this leap into the American media ties to aristocracy instead.  How about that?  I imagine that that would be very appealing.  I have a video from Twitter that I'm going to show you in a moment, which really I think Sean Alight on the historic beef between Prince Harry and the media, which I thought was very revealing. If you are enjoying this video, make sure you subscribe to the Navarra Media channel because you get all sorts of analysis from the likes of Ash Sarkar and it's not always about the Royal Family.  Let's take a look at this clip, which is a compilation I saw on Twitter this weekend of Harry's historic beef with the British press. Unfortunately, every single story was complete lies, which is rarely well, which we always is, basically, which is a shame. You know, it's something I'd love to do. And now I've had the chance once and I suppose I've got quite into it. And at the end of the day, if you join the army, you expect to go on operations. I don't want to sit around at Windsor because I generally don't like England that much. And, you know, it's nice to be away from all the press and the papers and the general shot that they write. It's too risky for you to go back as a soldier.  So I'd have to do something different if I wanted to go, yes. With the media following his every moment, Harry can't hide his irritation. Harry, do you want to get stuck in? Not really. You guys are more of Afghanistan. Harry's exasperation, even loathing of the press, has shone through loud and clear. My father always says, don't read it. Everyone says, don't read it because it's always rubbish. I'm surprised how many people in the UK actually read it. I mean, everyone's, everyone's guilty for buying the newspapers, I guess. But hopefully no one actually believes what they read, which I certainly don't. But yeah, of course, of course I read it. If there's a story that's been written about me, I want to know what's being said. But all it does is just upset me and anger me that people can get away with writing stuff they do, not just about me, but everything and everybody. And that mistrust of the press, I mean, how far back does that go? Is that something that's sort of... I think it's fairly obvious how far back it goes to when I was very small. That was spicy. I rate Prince Harry a lot more after watching that. I have to say, I was always like, you know, I don't have any skin in this game. The whole game between Prince Harry and, you know, the American establishment and the British establishment, whatever. But seeing him there, say, you know, I generally don't like England that much. And the end, I mean, how powerful was it? It's obvious how far this goes back to when I was very small. And as Ash was talking about, that's because of the way the press and the Windsor family treated his mother. Ash, what did you make of that clip? Had you seen it before? Was all of that familiar to you? It was, I think for me, what was surprising is seeing it all compressed like that, is seeing how little he felt inclined to mask his disdain for the British media establishment. He's not the only royal to have been critical of the media. Prince Charles, I think, was picked up on a mic calling Nicholas Wichelt, the BBC Royal Correspondent, a dreadful man.  My God. But I think that it was when it's put together in that way, you can see this consistent threat of this, how my mother was treated. And then it makes a kind of sense of I can see the woman who I've married, who I love, who I've chosen to have children with being treated in a way that I think was of as being very similar. I think that it's something that all of us can imagine and empathise with if not from a position of direct experience. And I also think this is, again, me speculating, but I've ranted to you before about how against boarding schools I am, right?   When that happens, because you've taken kids into the care system, people generally go, you know what? That's a suboptimal way to raise children. When the ruling class do it with their kids because they send them to boarding school, it's like, ah, yes, they're prioritising their education. But I do think that it is really traumatic.   And then you managed to fall in love. You managed to fall in love with this beautiful woman who's successful in her own right.  And you add to that the family context. Obviously, you'd be chewing your own arm off to get out of there. You know, this is why I think that the monarchy ought to be abolished is really for their own good. I think it a completely fucked up way to have a family life and you need to get rid of it, save them from themselves. Time bucking and back palace until weather spoons will be happier. They'll be happier.