All right, welcome everyone. Thank you so much for being here today and welcome to the webinar on how to prepare for the EGU General Assembly in Vienna. I'm Christina and together with my co-presenters, I'll be hosting this webinar today to let you know what we'll be going through. The webinar itself has three main parts. So what is EGU? Introducing the structure of the organization, outlining what exactly we're doing for early career scientists and what these general activities are. Then we'll go through the General Assembly. What do you need to know about it in terms of presentation formats, how to prepare your presentation and how to assemble your personal program. Then the practicalities, the conference venue, where to stay in Vienna, how to get the latest news and what to do in Vienna when you're taking a break. And after that, we'll have a Q&A session. If you have any questions during the webinar, please don't hesitate to drop them in the Q&A. And we'll be going through all of those that have not been answered by the end of the presentation at the end of the session. The speakers today are me. I'm the early career scientist representative of the Hydrological Sciences Division. And all the other speakers, Thanos, Santiago and San Jun, are also from the Hydrological Sciences team.  Before we get started, we'd like to do a little icebreaker, but since we're quite a lot of people, we're not going to go around the room introducing ourselves. So you can breathe. We have however prepared a Zoom poll, Simon Kicci launched that, so that we can get an approximate idea of who you are, where you're from and what sort of information is most relevant to you. So the poll is live and if you could answer it, that would be fantastic. Okay, so the vast majority of the people in here are either pre-PhD or PhD students. We have two postdocs, three mid-career scientists and one scientist in a senior position. So you can get some coffee while we're going through the ECS bit. I can't see the geographical location. Simon, can you see those? Yes, it links to an external page, but yeah, there's a wide variety of people from Scandinavia, UK, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, etc. Amazing, thrilled to have you. All right, and most of you have not attended EGU before, but some have attended other scientific conferences, which is great because EGU is quite a lot like other conferences, except it's usually bigger than conferences in individual disciplines. All right, now that we know who you are, it's time to get started with the actual webinar and specifically with what EGU actually is. And with that, I'll hand over to Santiago. So what is EGU first to start? EGU is not the General Assembly. EGU is the non-profit union of scientists. Why General Assembly is the main meeting that we have all the year. And some numbers about the EGU first, it comes with more than 20,000 members around the world. It comes with 22 scientific divisions and nine union-wide committees that helps to promote and to organize this type of events in the General Assembly. Regarding the EGU structure, it's mainly focused on first, a council that is responsible for all the management of the EGU activities, a scientific division that is responsible for the activities that we have all the year, an executive board and a committee that helps also with some administrative and guide activities, and the executive officer that helps, there is an internal organization here in the EGU that helps to organize internally all the activities. Moreover here, this is just one picture of what were the participants of each one of these different members in the 21-22 periods. Just for you to know that there is always people involved in this type of organizations. Now, the important part. What can EGU do for you? What EGU do throughout the years? So EGU have mainly four, five main activities. The first one are the meetings that we will enter into detail in a couple of minutes. The journals and open access repository, some news, outreach, policy and education approaches, and of course some awards and medals to important scientists and important advances in the sciences of the geoscience union main focuses. Now, about the meetings, the main, as I mentioned before, the main meeting that we have all the year is the general assembly. This is in Vienna, Austria almost every year and it's in April or May, it depends on the year. For example, when it was a COVID season, this was not possible to do it in Vienna, but it was an online event. It's important to remark that EGU is always constantly doing this type of meetings, but the general assembly is not the only meeting. There is also a series of conferences, for example, like the Galileo conferences that helps to support the advances in different fields that EGU supports along these different scientific committees. Moreover, they also have some training schools for different, for the different levels that you are, as you are a researcher, for example, for every scientist they offer some special training opportunities that we will look in a couple of seconds. And for example, this EGU supported program for other type of conferences in May that you can also apply if you are interested in these types of trains. Beyond meetings, and this is really important for you as a researcher, as a scientist, EGU also come with his own open access journals. These are more than 19 open access journals that cover different topics, for example, he is a little summary of hydrology and earth system science, natural hazards and earth system sciences, cryosphere, it has a lot of variety of things that you can apply. These are very renaming journals, I have to say, it's not because I'm sending papers there, but just to mention. And this of course also have some public review, you can enter at EGU publications and you can see that there is opinions and comments about each paper, if you are interested to look at the advances in these areas. Beyond this, EGU also comes with its own repository of image and videos. And here it's important to highlight that each year in the General Assembly is a competition for annual photo. And the winners of these competitions get a free registration to the next General Assembly. So if you are good at photo competition, I recommend you to access this website and see what has been doing in the previous years. And what is the pictures that are really important from the geoscience point of view. Moreover, from a news of trash policy and education elements, EGU is constantly updating its members and participants about the news happening in any and all of the different areas that EGU contains. For example, with social media, media publications, you can follow the accounts in Instagram, LinkedIn, even the email, where there is constant updates. Maybe possibly how would you get to know about these webinars that we are releasing today. As for Outrage, we also have some blogging activities that are really important. If you are good at blogging, I also recommend you to check this type of activities. Policy. Given the character of the EU as a science, a non-funding organization, EGU also supports with this type of newsletter. This is part of schemes of task force because of the EGU objective mission is not only to chair science, they make the General Assembly, but also how science will go on it with the communities. As for education, there is workshops, there is seminars, there is webinars like the one we are doing, there are teaching activities that EGU is constantly updating and generating and offering funds if you are interested in this type. There is also the hours and medals where EGU recognize eminent scientists for their understanding of research and contribution in the different fields. Here there are three main awards that I want to mention, like the first one, the Union and Division level medals. This is one for each time of division or union. The second one, EGU is also recognized as the best work of the early career scientists. And last but not least, we also have the Agwar Katya and Mauriz Krav that recognize researchers who have implied innovative science communication because it's not only developing science but communicating and engaging people to join. If you have a nominate for next year, Agwar, please nominate it before June of this year. Now, what are early career scientists? Maybe you will see this with the application of ECS. In general, EGU defines the early career scientists as a student, PhD, a master of the students or practicing scientists who have received their Hague certificate, her highest title within the last seven years. And these early career scientists represent around 61% of EGU members, so it's an important sector of the participant and members of the EGU as in the general assembly and in other activities that are beyond this. Moreover, if we look at the type of participant that we have, the reason that we also make the poll at the start, there is an important part of the participants that are PhD candidates and regular members. And that attend not only to the general assembly but also contribute with the knowledge to this type of networking events, for example, EGU general assembly and EGU in general is a very good opportunity for you to make some networking to create connections between your division, your network, which you do in your area of research, not only in the general assembly, but with most of the people, but also beyond this. You also could participate in the mentoring program of EGU that supports early career scientists. Now, how can you contribute in the EGU event as early career scientists more? First, you can organize sessions or courses, everyone can submit their ideas, there is annual calls for organizing sessions, organizing events and courses. Finally, you can organize some social events, have a drink at the general assembly. You can also get involved with the EGU through blogs, posters, Twitter. So if you also like to make blogs and you want to share your information, EGU is also a very good opportunity to share about this. And finally, you can become an early career scientist representative for your division within the EGU. And to come out, the ECS representative is the voice that represents all the early career scientists from each of the divisions. In general, there is always two representatives from each division. And these are some examples of the people that have involved in the past are EGU early career scientists representatives. Even in the EGU career scientist representative, it's selected one to represent it and participate in the main executive board of the EGU. And as I mentioned, they ensure that your voice as an early career scientist is supported. So if you have any questions, if you want to support from your ideology, from your area. For example, I'm from the ideological sciences, so I contact with Christine if I have any question about how can I be involved more as an early career scientist. There is also some meetings during EGU, regular Zoom meetings. We are also in contact to get to know which are the advances that we are doing. How can we spread communication about EGU, about the work, about meetings, about conferences. EGU is also organized on summer workshops. And there is a, there is also an union that's of an, a meeting of all early career scientists representative. So they can ensure that the EGU, that when it's the general assembly, that is the next weekend, that is the weekend in April, it will get the best of the time to get the more important activities. So where are these early career scientists representative? First, as I mentioned, the scientific divisions, 22. There is also the, in the committees, in the, in the council, there is the representative of the early career scientists. And within the activities that they do, they are participating in the general assembly. We are also supporting with the journals that the open access journals that EGU offers, making some topical meetings, educational activities and giving a conference. If you have any feedback about these activities, you can also contact your early career scientists representative, for example. As for the working groups in the early career scientists, it's not only, it's not only about science, it's also about work-life balance. It's about connectivity, get to know people. It's about, for example, the pride, hours and medals, the jobs and career. How do you see yourself as a scientist within a, within your division? And what does EGU can offer you as an early career scientist? For example, they support the financial support, they provide financial support. If you want to submit an abstract, if you don't have the money for go to the event, for participate, for send it to the call of abstract, EGU offers support in this sense. So you have to be attentive to them, to the mails that EGU sends when they say there is an strict date about if you want to search, send your abstract and your abstract is a very good quality. There is a process of selection in which around 31% of applications succeed, in which they get funds to participate as the general assembly. Moreover, EGU also offers some scientific recognition. This is really important. For example, the one that is very popular is the outstanding student poster and Pico Award that is a rotation within the general assembly. And there is also awards for important activities, important advances in science for the early career scientists. Additionally, the early career scientist, there is also a webinar to the year. This year, for example, we have the webinar how to convene at EGU 2024. This is the second of April is in three weeks. And if you're organizing or you're organizing or you are interesting in organizing a convene at EGU, I recommend you to follow this webinar. EGU also supports the recovery scientists at some short courses. This is an update in this, of course, that are being repressed in this year about in the general assembly. And this also helps you not, these short courses are not only focused on science, but also in science communication with your current development. How can you position yourself inside and outside academia? These courses are really good approach of EGU has to improve the early career scientists connections with the general community. Now, for the following question for the following part, now we're going to share is with us. So, let's discuss how to prepare for the annual EGU General Assembly. Let's begin first with exploring the three, the three main presentation types available. First is the oral presentations, the posters and the PICO sessions. PICO stands for Presentive Interactive Content, so keep that in mind. Whether you are presenting virtually or on site, EGU offers flexibility so you can choose either one of the available types. So this means you can participate in the general assembly for anywhere in the world. Now, it's essential to acknowledge that you might not receive the preferred presentation type. It's often due to the high number of apps that submitted to its session. However, every presentation format offers valuable opportunities to share your research and engage with fellow scientists. Now, let's focus on how to prepare your presentation with that value, particularly for oral sessions. Firstly, you need to remember that for oral presentation, you'll have a 10-minute time slot. It is important to keep that. This typically includes an 8-minute presentation followed by a 2-minute question session. So it's crucial to keep your presentation consistent and to the point. You'll want to limit your slides to 10-15 at most, using either PowerPoint or PDF format. The typical structure for the presentation should include provided context, outlining your research questions, detailing your methods, presenting your results, and finally, of course, discussing the outcome of your work, recommendations or outlook of your find. Also, keep in mind that you need to upload your presentation 24 hours before your time slot in your designated online space. This ensures the smooth proceedings during the conference. Don't forget to practice your presentation in advance to ensure you stick to your allowed time and maintain clarity. And also, do not forget to include your institution logos, co-authors, and affiliations on your slides. Lastly, consider uploading supplementary materials for further discussion if needed. Furthermore, if you are about to take part in the OSPP Award, then you need to clarify that also to your presentation. Now, let's discuss how to prepare for a poster session. Poster presentation are an excellent opportunity to present your research in a condensed format, highlighting the most important information. The key here is to effectively capture the essence of your work and make it visually appealing and easy to understand, fastly at a glance and with some more simple explanation. Also, consider adapting an easily understandable and appealing poster design. For example, maybe a fractal design to guide the eye, organizing your content in a way that draws the viewer's attention from a distance, while offering also detailed information upon a closer inspection. You also have the option to either print your poster in advance or on site, so you should consider that depending on your convenience. You should also ensure that you put up your poster in the morning of your presentation day and be present during your designated time slot, so as to engage with the interested attendants and answer any questions that may have. Also, it is strongly advised to add the photography guidelines regarding serving or not your work. By following these tips, you will be well prepared to make the most out of your poster. Let's move on to our final presentation type, which is the pico session. The pico sessions consist of a two minute oral presentation followed by a presentation time at the touch screen. So this format gives you opportunity for a dynamic way to engage with your audience and allows for interactive discussions about your work. Keep in mind that you need to prepare two presentations for a pico session. The first one is for the oral presentation and the second one is for the viewing at the touch screen. The oral presentation should be consistent and captivating, providing a brief overview of your research in just two minutes. For the viewing part, you will have the advantage of unlimited slides presented in a 60 to 9 or as wide screen format. Also, good advice is to insert links into your presentation, including a home button for easier navigation, which can help you explore different sections of your presentation and find the information that you are most interested in. By preparing effectively for both the oral and the viewing components of your presentation, you will be able to effectively show your research and engage with your audience in a straightforward and meaningful way. So let's talk now about how to put together your personal program for the general assembly. But before we do that, I want to mention that if you want, there is also a webinar series here, followed with this link, or how to prepare your presentation, it's for an older year. So it's basically what we'll say now, but more detail if you want something more. So let's talk about how you put to your personal program. First, of course, you should log in into your EDU account and take a look at the online program. You can filter sessions by division and also by time slot. You should mark the ones that cut your eye and prioritize them based on your interest as well as your schedule. It is very, very helpful to download the EDU24 app. I think it's available for both Android and iOS and at least our library. It's a handy tool and gives you access to the program and so as to stay updated on the go. Be sure to check out the networking events like the early career scientists networking event on Tuesday evening, as well as other events like the Pride. These gatherings are great opportunities to connect with fellow attendees and meet new people and colleagues. There are also new and upcoming gathering events that will be announced during the EDU session. Also, keep an eye out for pop-up events too. This may not be in the official schedule, but could offer valuable networking and other opportunities. And remember also to factor in breaks through your day. Taking time to rest and recharge is just as important as attending sessions. So by following these steps, you'll be able to tailor your experience at the dinner assembly to shoot your interests. And also make the most out of your time there. So now I'm going to give speech back to Christina. All right, practicalities. Now that we've heard about what the General Assembly involves, how to prepare your presentation, how to put together your program and about the EDU in general, I'll take you through some more detailed and applied things that you'll be to know when you're on site in Vienna. So the conference venue, the Austria Center is not directly in the city center, which is marked here in red. It's actually a little outside on the other side of the Danube. So this is the Danube, the biggest river in Vienna. And you'll have to take the underground, the U1, to get to the Austria Center. The stop is Kaisermül, the IC, which stands for Vienna International Center. If you're coming by train, you'll probably arrive here at the main train station. And if you're coming by a bus, you'll be ending up here on the number three line at Max. If you're coming by plane, and that's the airport in this direction, a little more to the south of the city. So to get to the conference venue and generally around Vienna, I would really recommend public transport. It's fast, it's reliable and undergrounds and trams go every couple of minutes. There is the Wienmobil app, which I would recommend you download. So basically it has all the information on how to get to your destination from where you are, how often the trams and trains and underground goes. So it's very reliable. Plus your conference batch this as a free transport ticket during the GA. So whenever you arrive in Vienna, make sure you just buy enough tickets to actually get to the conference venue. Once you've picked up your badge, that will serve you for the rest of the week. If you arrive at the airport, there are several possibilities to get from the airport to the city centre. There's the city airport train called CAT. There's the airport shuttle bus, which will drop you at the train station. But the easiest, fastest and cheapest way is to get the train. There's an UberBee RailJet. So UberBee are the Austrian railway services, which takes about a quarter of an hour and only possible euros instead of the 15 that you need to pay for the airport train. The conference venue itself looks like this. It's the Austria centre and it has five levels in total. It has a triangular shape and it can get very confusing. So if you can't find your way around straight away on the first day, don't worry, you're not alone. So for poster presentations, the most important level is the red one. This is where most of the poster presentations are. And then you basically go up to the blue level on the number third. So that's the roof basically where you also have the roof terrace. And most of the short courses for ECS in particular are going to be on the purple level, which is minus two. So you're not going to be alone. You'll be running around like a headless chicken for the first half day at least to find your way around. But on day two, three, slowly, you'll manage to orient yourself. Also something that you should keep in mind is that on level zero and level minus two, there are also other facilities. So the cloakroom, quiet rooms, prayer room, childcare, family rooms, etc. And the expos and peeker presentations are also in the annexes here. For batch pickup, it's not in the main centre actually, but in the hall to the left that you see here. So when you come in, you pick up your batch here. And this is also where some of the vendor stalls and the expo stalls are. One very important thing to keep in mind is food. So Vienna has pretty great cuisine, but I'll get into that a little later. Where you can eat at the Austria centre, there are no cafes, restaurants within the Austria centre. There's a small sort of cafeteria store where you can get coffee and a sandwich and some cake in between time slots, in between sessions. But to actually eat, you all have to go outside. As you can see here, there are some food stalls in front of the conference venue directly. But to get some proper food, you'll have to move a little more. So just next to the underground stations, there are a couple of cafes, a couple of restaurants. There's a walk, there's a pizzeria a little further away and a little deli on the banks of the Danube directly. If you're in the hurry, there's a fantastic bakery called Ströck right here. So you can definitely find some food in the vicinity of the conference centre. If you're planning to stay in the conference centre all day, like if you have lunchtime meetings, for example, I would very much advise you to bring along something in the morning already. Now, where to stay in Vienna? The conference programme came online today, so some of you might already have booked your accommodations, others might not. If you haven't, I can recommend staying anywhere on the U1. So the U1 underground one is the red line here. So there's the main train station here. There's the city centre at Steffensplatz, which is where you have St Stephen's Cathedral. So this is basically the heart of Vienna right here in this circle made by the undergrounds. The conference venue, the IC Kaisermühlen, is the stop right here. So these stops on the U1 are fantastic places to stay, as well as the connecting stops on the U4. That's the green line between Friedensbrücker and Stadbach and on the U3. That's the orange line between right around Neubau, Gasse and Kaldinheim-Bagelplatz. So if you're staying on these lines you have a fantastic connection to go straight to the conference centre. One thing you need to be careful about is the U2. That's the violet line right here because they're currently disruptions because the Viennese are building a new underground line, namely the U5. So the stops between the university and the city hall are actually disrupted and not being serviced. Careful about that. One thing that's quite funny about Vienna is that they never managed to build the U5 since the 1970s until now, but they did manage to finish the U6 ages ago. So the U5 is actually going to be inserted here, which is causing a lot of disruptions, but it's a very, very Viennese thing. Next, while you're at the GA, it's important to keep up with news. Things are constantly changing and happening and events are being highlighted that you might not have heard about before. So how do you do that? The best way to go about it is to sign up for the EGU newsletter, as well as the division mailing lists. So for example, in the hydrological sciences division, there's a bit of promotion here. We are just putting out a newsletter. First edition went out yesterday, so if you came here for that, yay. But also the other divisions have newsletters as well. They sent out important updates of news. Plus, many sent out a sort of division relevance schedule with the meta lectures, meetings, and the panels just before the GA. So make sure you sign up for your division mailing lists. You can adapt your preferences in your EGU attack. Then there's also the overall EGU newsletter and of course the EGU news site. Right. This is how you can sign up for the individual mailing lists.  So there are the general lists. Those are the ECS announcements for bellicose scientists, the general EC EGU newsletter, and then the division lists. Be careful. There's a general division list, and then there's the division list just for the ECS. Depending on where you are, make sure you sign up for both. Also, just because you signed up for the GA does not mean you're automatically registered for your division lists. You need to do that manually and separately. However, when you do register for the conference, you can check this box, the EGU Today subscription, which will send you one email per day highlighting events at the GA. So that's just one message per meeting. Another fantastic way to keep up with what is happening in your division especially during the general assembly is social media. So we use these channels to share updates and information, not just during the general assembly, but during the entire year. Highlight publications, blog posts, as well as general science news, answer questions or reply to comments, and of course give a face to the unions. So that will not just this blue circle with the yellow logo, but actual people behind it. There's an entire list of EGU division social media that you should be able to find online in this list right here. So not all divisions have all the different social media channels. So, for example, in hydrological sciences, we have Instagram, Twitter and LinkedIn. So that might not be the same for the joy just for example. Finally, there are also the blocks. Each division has a block and we use it to feature new research from the different journals. Interview scientists cover the latest news in our fields and give some updates on EGU activities and ECS. So, heads up just before the GA, most divisions post an article about the important slots, the important dates and events for your particular division. So, especially when you're putting together your personal program, check out the blog of your division. It's likely to have some highlights for the GA. Plus, if you want to get involved, you can also submit a post. So if you want to share your research project or share your experience in the field or as an early career scientist in your institution, this is a fantastic opportunity. Just check out the blog, see what sort of articles they have online and then reach out to the editors. I swear we're going to be thrilled to hear from you. Finally, Thanos already mentioned that it's important to take a break. The conference is incredibly exciting and very fun to attend, but it can also be incredibly exhausting. It's huge. You saw we have 20,000 abstract submissions this year right around and even more attendance because you also have the conference staff and people who are just coming and not giving a presentation. So it's going to be dense, it's going to be a lot, but it's going to be fantastic. When you take a break, there's lots of stuff that you can do in Vienna. So I lived there for seven years. You know what I'm talking about. The food is fantastic, especially the cafes and the cake. I very much recommend the cake. These are just some of them at the bottom in order. Here we have the Karl-Karhofzuckerbäcker Heine. Karl and Karl, the K&K by the way, stands for Kaiserlichen Königlich. That was the imperial bakery basically when Vienna and Austria were still in monarchy. And a lot of the buildings that you'll be visiting are from the 1700s to 1900s. So musical theatre currently on its Phantom of the Opera and the musical about Amadeus. There's a lot of classical music going on, so the Vienna State Opera as well as the Musikverand, which is where the Vienna Philharmonics and the Vienna Symphonic Orchestra play. And it's important to mention that tickets are that expensive. At the opera, for example, you can get standing room tickets, which are like 10 euros. And you can also go there spontaneously. If you book in advance, you can get pretty good seats ready for like 30 euros. So this is something you should take into account. Plus, there are the museums and imperial parcels you can visit. There's Schoenbrunn, which was the summer palace, the K&M Kunsthistorisches Museum, which you see here, which is the main artistry museum. There's also a fantastic buffet in there with an amazing cake. The Belvedere, which is where you can see a lot of works by Klim, the Albertina, which has impressionists, for example, Monet Picasso and all that, and the Hofburg, which was the imperial winter palace. So I very much advise you to take advantage of being in Vienna and also just enjoying the city a little bit when you're not busy networking and making connections and finding out about amazing new scientific discoveries at the General Assembly. All right, that was it for the practicalities. We have 15 minutes left of the webinar and we have time for the Q&A. If you have any questions, please drop them in the Q&A tab below and I'll hand over to Fang Jun, who will be going through it. So there has been three questions in the chat. The first one, we have typed something information here, but it's from Nadmi. So she asked that I have chosen poster presentation, but I will be only able to attend the conference virtually. What can be done here? Okay, I see Simon has already answered that in the chat. Simon, do you maybe want to say that out loud again so that everyone can hear as well for the recording? So I'll just jump in here and just apply what I said. There was a concern about the virtual poster presentation. In the first case, if you have a virtual poster presentation, this will be included in its own specific time block at the conference. This year, we've tried to improve our hybrid format. So in-person attendees were able to interact more easily with virtual attendees. You can do this by during the time block for virtual poster presentations, you can go to the Pico spots. There you can ask questions of virtual attendees and also look at the posters interactively. So if you're doing a virtual presentation or you want to interact with virtual content, you can do that at the Pico spots. More information will be released for that. You can also check the guidelines on the EGU website. However, if you, for example, applied for in-person poster presentation, but it could only attend virtually and there's been a change in how you can attend the assembly, then you'll need to contact the convener of your session as soon as possible. When you submitted your abstract, you should have received some information about the contact details for the conveners of your session. However, if you can't find that email, you can still find that information on the egu.egu24.eu website. And to find that information, you simply go to the programs, give a search in the search box for the session you've applied for or been part of, or you can either go to the program, and then you select the program group of part of, which for scientific sessions will be one of the disciplines like geodesy or ocean sciences, hydrological sciences, natural hazards, etc. And then when you click on that, they'll show all the sessions under that division and then once you find the session title, underneath it will be all the conveners. There will be a magnifying glass symbol next to the convener name. If you hover your mouse over that, then you'll get the contact details or just click on the session title and it should be provided on the next page. And you can always just search for it in the search bar.  But if your situation has changed, please contact your conveners as soon as possible. Thank you very much Simon. So that would be a second question from Caroline. Caroline asks, could you please clarify, I didn't quite understand what was being done with buying all public transport tickets and then something about using the conference batches. I see that Sanos would like to... Oh yeah, sorry. Yeah, yeah, you want to show the batch? Sorry, I'm just going to jump in because it happened to have my last year's conference batch right here. So this is what your conference batch is going to look like. Your ribbon and this off like this. It has, oh, very important. The batch, just because I see it now, also has a QR code. When people scan that QR code, they'll get to the profile that you filled out during your registration. You can still update that profile. So make sure that that's up to date so that whoever comes to the QR code on your batch has up to date information about you. Now what I meant was that at the back right here, it says from the V&E's transport system that your conference batch counts as a public transportation ticket which is valid during the conference. So what I meant when I said, make sure that you buy enough public transport tickets to get to the conference is that as soon as you have your batch, you don't need any more separate tickets because this is your public transport ticket. I hope that's clear. So when you arrive in Vienna, get a ticket for the underground, go to the conference and pick up your batch and then you're covered because this is your public transport ticket. Also, because I see the additional batches now, this is your division sticker which you can pick up at the Early Career Scientist networking event so that everyone who you meet knows that my example from the Hydrogeological Sciences Division and this right here is a sticker for the mentoring program. Santiago mentioned it very quickly but the EGU offers a mentoring program for first-time attendees. So if you've never been to the GA, if you want an experienced, usually Early Career Scientist who's been to the GA a couple of times to ask questions to show the ropes basically, you can apply for the mentoring scheme online and you'll be assigned someone to basically act as your point person. Thank you. Thank you, Christina. Helen asks that for the peak of sessions, the first one, do I submit two files or should the slides for the two minutes presentation be included in the touchscreen presentation and the second one, will people only be able to click through the PDF slides or can I include action button in my presentation so people can interact with the PowerPoint? So regarding the first question, yes, you do submit two files. The first file is for the two-minute presentation. So it'd be one, two, or three slides. Keep it short. And you submit a second file, again a presentation, but this is an unlimited you don't have a link in the number of slides. The second one would be after the first. So to keep in mind that it's a session where people would talk for two minutes and then everyone gets a touchscreen and there is your second presentation which do not have a limit to how many slides and there can both be PDF or PowerPoint. If you don't have action buttons, you can have PowerPoint slides and that will be perfectly fine. And the next one is Victor asked, can the link for training the meeting which the second presentation presenter spoke about being sent here? Yeah, we will send the link here. And I think that was on his second slide or so, we will find the link. Yeah, Santiago, can you maybe look for that? Also, as a side note, this webinar will be online so you'll be able to basically check out everything that you might have missed or the links or the information on this slide later on. Yes, Simon, please. Just to stay, I posted the YouTube link for each webinar in the chat. So everyone should have to link that. Links to all the online resources we're cultivating, including this one. So we'll be one for how to be presented or also other webinars about presentations. For example, there's one about the presentation for oral and posters and whatnot. So find multiple webinars that address this from previous years. Yeah, of course. The next question is Leija asked, the program should be out today, but I cannot see if I'm accepted to do the oral presentation, which was my preference. Should I be waiting for an email of the confirmation? Correct me if I'm wrong, Simon, but yes, letters of schedule should be sent out with your presentation type and your exact time slot. Yeah, that's correct. You'll be receiving the letter of schedule around the same time the program is released. I suggest if not receiving an email, wait a bit. There's a lot of presenters and attendees to go through. So these eventually will reach you. But if you are worried, then I suggest, again, just contact your session convener again. Again, that should be in previous emails received. Or again, you can find the conveners by looking for a session on the online program. And the next question is Sotik asked, some of us opted for the badge to be sent to us before the conference. In this case, can I use the ticket as the back of the badge from the airport to the hotel? Also, can I use the ticket to transport myself to the airport after the conference? No, because the airport is quite far in the side of the city. So it's outside of the Yanis public transport lines called the core zone. So basically all the underground lines are in the core zone, all the buses within this limitation of the underground perimeter are within the core zone, but the airport is not. So you will have to shell out the extra four euros to get to the airport. Yes, I wanted to add to what Christina said that the tickets go from Monday to Friday, if I'm not wrong. So if you are planning to arrive on Sunday or planning to go out on Saturday, the tickets will not tell you. You will have to buy the tickets for those days. Yeah, check on the back of the badge. As soon as you have it, it'll tell you exactly when it's valid. To add, the Yanis underground system is peculiar because in a lot of other cities, Paris, London, etc., you have to sort of scan your ticket to get into the underground. That is not the case in Vienna. There are no barriers. There are no standardized controls. We just trust that you have a valid ticket, but there are spot controls. So it can be that when you come out of a station, there will be people waiting to control your ticket. But there are no standard barriers. So you don't have to use any ticket to get in. Thank you. And the final question in the chat is Victor, ask when will abstract be online so that when it is shared, it can be accessed by others. The publication of the programs, the abstracts will seem to follow. So again, unfortunately, I can't give a direct answer right now. All I can say is check the program. The program is being released today. So check that today. Otherwise, keep an eye on the program itself and also make sure you're signed up to any newsletters regarding EGU as they'll also give you updates there. So again, the program is being released today. That should have most information. Otherwise, keep an eye out for newsletters. Also, just as a side note, like we said, it's very big. So rolling out the entire program takes a little while. Same for the letter to schedule. Keep an eye on your inbox. They should be coming very soon. And just check back online in the next couple of days. Just to jump in very quickly. I'm just going to post in the chat the March updates. So the newsletter that goes out through emails is also available on the EGU 24 website. You cannot link all sorts of information on, for example, letter to schedule, et cetera. So sorry, I'll just repeat again. Thank you. No, I think that's pretty much it. If we have no other questions, thank you so much for coming. Thank you for participating. Thank you for asking questions. And I hope to see all of you in Vienna. And if you come across us, if you see us at the ECS meeting, then hesitate to say hi. Have a fantastic day. And a good lunch break in most cases, I think.


So welcome everyone to the Schubert seminar. Today, we're happy to have Rui Shung from University of Ottawa telling us about Chernsch-Warthkenfelsen classes of our flag varieties, theory rules, conjectures, and more. So please take it away, Rui. Yeah. Thank you for inviting me. Okay. Today, I'm going to discuss my recent paper joined with Neil Fenn and Peter Gore. And so let's start from the first part, the geometric background. And okay. Okay. I hope everyone loves counting. Okay. On the left hand side, we have enumerating problems. We have two principal, addition principal, and multiplication principal. It means to get the total number, we take a sum. To get the number, we take product. Right. So on the left hand side, it's very basic about counting. And okay. There is some geometric analog of the, of the two principal is, well, I want to claim that olacoloristics show the similar property as the left hand side.  And then we have the following, the following identity. We have the following identity, the olacoloristic of X equals to the sum of olacoloristic of U and its complement, the olacoloristic of its complement. It's followed from the long, the sequence of more homology. And secondly, if we have a fiber bundle, say X to be the total space, and B is the base space, F be the fiber. Then by the spatial sequence, we have the following identity, the characteristic of the entire space equals to the product of, or the characteristic of base space and the fiber space. Okay. So they are parallel in some sense. And the, okay, this is the first geometric background. And the second is consider the following two functions between varieties over C to the linear vector space over Q. And there are two functions. The first one is a space of constructable functions. It is defined by, it's just a, well, how to say, it's a function over X, which is spanned by, well, let me take this as a definition. It is spanned by the characteristic function of closed sub-variety. And it is a function, it means we assign each algebra of variety, not only, okay, we assign an algebra variety a linear space. We do not, we do not only assign for each algebra variety, we also define push forward for each proper morphism between two algebra varieties. The push forward is defined, well, you can check that the following definition is well defined. It defined such that the push forward or the characteristic of a closed sub-variety, the value at Y is a characteristic of its fiber. So it's defined by this. So in some sense, if you think it as an analog of the previous slides, this push forward is defined to be counting, counting along fibers but using all the characteristics. Okay, this is a constructable functions. And on the other hand, on the other hand, we have more homology. Well, roughly speaking, well, here I do not put more. So we can think that the algebra cycles lies in this more homology. And for proper morphisms, we define push forward, roughly speaking, its integral along fibers. Okay, they are also kind of parallel. They are both functions at least. So between these two functions, they are actually deeply related. So the most classical result in this, well, the most classic relation is the following. For the most projectile variety, X, we know that the characteristic, chi X equals to the push forward of the trend classes of the tangent bundle of X. And okay, this is a classic result. You went, well, found by Chen. And well, in terms of function, we have the following diagram. So characteristic function of X is pushed forward to chi X over the point. And on the other hand, the trend classes of tangent bundle is sent to, well, sent to the right-hand side. So they are equal. It means we have this diagram. And okay, I draw this diagram. It means, actually, I want to indicate that there would be some connection between this identity. So it was conjectured by Grassend and Lin and approved by McPherson that there is a natural transform. Well, here, a natural transform means it's commuting with push forward. There's a natural transformation from, well, the function of constructable functions to Burmese homology. And it's characterized by the following property. It maps the characteristic function of X to the trend class of the tangent bundle when X is smooth. So okay, this is a geometric background of this, well, for this CSM, now it's known as Schwarz-McPherson class. So CSM class means this. Okay, let me briefly explain an example. Okay, assume W is constructable in X. Let us denote CSMW to be the CSM of the characteristic function of W. It's actually inside the Burmese homology of X. Let's consider the project of line P1. And we know that topologically, it is a Sophia. And the right-hand side, okay, this big Sophia is a picture of P1. We can identify Burmese homology and the homology by Panhe duality. And we have the decomposition P1 is A1 union with this infinite. Okay, this point is infinite and the complement is just a copy of A1. Okay, and we know that the homology is, this ring is QX quotient by X squared. And X is a class of a point. Okay, and well, by our characterization of CSM class, P1, since P1 is most, this CSM class is just a C1, I'm sorry, it's not C1. In C is a total trend class. So this is a total trend class of tangent bundle, which is 1 plus 2X. And we can also compute for the point at the infinite. This CSM class is just the class of a point, so it's X. And since, okay, we can compute then the CSM class of the complement, this part, A1, it just is a difference. Since here, this is 1, P, and this is 1, infinite. And so the difference is 1, A1. So as a result, the difference of them is just the CSM class of A1. So it's 1 plus X. This is an example. Okay, this is a geometric background of CSM classes. And okay, let's turn to flag varieties. Okay, actually P1 is an example of flag varieties. So we will concentrate on the classical flag variety. It is a variety parametrized following datum. It's a chain of vector spaces in CN such that each space has dimension, V i has dimension i inside CN. And for each element, it's called a flag. That's the reason it's called flag variety. And the classical result is we can decompose flag variety into disjoint union or sugar cells. So it's parametrized by a symmetric group for 1 to n. And okay, here I use the opposite sugar cell. And so that each sugar cell is equal to an isomorphic to a fine space of core dimension equal to the length of the number of inversion. And okay, now the question is how to compute the CSM class of a sugar cell. Actually, the CSM class of supercells over flag varieties are computed by Alofi and Mihashi. Mihashi is using the Bussamel solution. And actually they show that CSM classes can be computed by the majority operators. Okay, and this is the background. And now let's turn to our first result. The following is our first mean result. Recall that the chain classes of the dual of case tautological bundle say, okay, say r with k hat, it means the chain classes, the r's chain class of the dual of case tautological bundle. It can be represented by the elementary symmetric polynomial in x1 to xk. So that may be built by er, x1 up to xk. And our first theorem is for any permutation u in SN. And okay, we have CSM class of sugar cell corresponding to u. And if we take product with this class, it equals to the following combinatorial result. And we have the following combinatorial formula. The CSM expansion of the left hand side is equal to, well, it's also equal to some CSM class, the sum is firstly, multiply three. And it sum over the so-called decreasing path gamma or less r start from u to, well, to its end. So here r is a degree of this class. And okay, decreasing path is we are tracing the path in the following diagram. The diagram is given as follows. So the vertex is just a symmetric group. And we put an arrow between two permutations with a label tau. If w equals to u times TAB, TAB is a transposition of a and b for some a and b. And a is no greater than k. And b is strictly greater than k. And the length of w is greater than the length of u. So this actually means the orientation of the arrow. And moreover, the label tau is defined to be ua. So a is the smaller number exchanged. And tau is ua. u applied to the smaller index changed. Okay, and this is our first theorem. Okay, and for this diagram, I have some beautiful picture to show to us. Okay, this is a graph when n equals to 4 and k equals to 2. I'm sorry, here k is a k-thotological bundle here. It means a number of variables. So this example is when n equals to 4 and k equals to 2. And for example, if we want to find a decreasing path, decreasing path means the label is decreasing. Let me find one decreasing path. Okay, for example, this 2, 1, 3, 4 goes to 4, 1, 3, 2. Then this is 2. Then we find the label in smaller than 1. We can go to here, go to here. And perhaps it also has some other choices. Also this and this. So the result will be, I mean, the set some class of 1, 2, 3, 4 times e r x1, x2 equals to the set some class of these three classes. If I compute it correctly, if I did not miss anything. This is the first diagram. We say that the diagram is very symmetric. And secondly, another example is this. This is an example when n equals to 4 and k equals to 1. It's also very symmetric. Okay, and I want to mention a phenomenon that actually we can prove that CSM class of Schubert cell in, I mean, in module flagrarity, the lowest term, geometrically it is a high, it's a cycle or high, highest dimension equal to the Schubert class. So it basically means if we take the lowest component of both sides, we will get a period rule for Schubert classes, which is found by Sotili. And in that case, if we take the lowest term both sides, we will get the pass such that each step, it increased dimension by 1. So because of the dimension, because of degree reason. So I want to show you what, show you if I remove. So just one naive question. What is the role of tau again? I don't see any mention of tau in the in the phone. Here tau, here I mean decreasing means the label is decreasing. Oh, the tauts have to be decreased. Okay, okay, thanks. Yes, exactly. Thank you for your question. Yes, okay, and if we take the lowest term, we will get the period formula for Schubert classes, which is classical and well, not that classical. And I want to show you a phenomenon that, okay, the diagrams here looks very symmetric, right? Here we have four components and they reflect together. We have reflection, yes, symmetric, symmetric. And for this, well, it's more symmetric. It's very beautiful, right? We have this symmetric, symmetric. But if we focus on Schubert class, it means each step we can only go, each step we can increase the length only by one. So let us remove the arrows, which has a degree, the length increase more than one. Then what will we get? We see that they are all symmetric. If we remove everything, well, it looks not very symmetric, right? So it basically means, okay, let's say another diagram. For this, if we remove the arrows, which increase more than one, then it is not symmetric, not that symmetric. So I want to say that considering CSM classes would make the question more symmetric and perhaps sometimes it would become easier. This is what I want to say. So compare this graph. So take Lewis term, break the symmetry. So we consider CSM class by it's more symmetric, I want to say this. Okay, now let's turn to our next theorem. Our next theorem is equivalent PR rules. So actually we proved the rigidity theorem, which states that the equivalent coefficients are controlled by non-equivalent coefficients. So, okay, as an implication, we achieve the following equivalent PR rule. So now what we replace? We replace the left hand side by equivalent CSM classes. And the formula, we want to find the CSM expansion of the left hand side. And all the settings are the same, except this is equivalent. The sum is also over decreasing passes, but we do not have any restriction on the length. So we just let the path go decreasing, the label is decreasing. And the sum, wow, this is the CSM class and this is endpoint of the path. And this is coefficient. It's an elementary symmetric polynomial in T of this delta K, U, and gamma. And this is defined to be, I mean, this set is defined to be Ui, from i is from one to K, which is such that Ui is not equal to wi. So it's actually, it's an image of element from one to i, which is not moved to the same point by U and w. So it's a little bit hard to describe it in English. So anyway, we can, and the index is r minus length gamma. It means the sum actually over, the sum is actually over passes of length, no greater than r. And in particular, when length is equal to r, we get one. So it recovers our previous result. Okay, this is aqua-variant period rule. And it also recovers some, if we take the lowest term, we also recover some aqua-variant period rule for superclasses. Okay, and the next one is aqua-variant Banag and Nakayama rules. So actually, we can also obtain an aqua-variant MN rule for CSM classes. So in this case, we take P, r, x, k. It's just the Newton's power sum of k variables, x1 of power k add to xk of power, or x1 of power r up to xk of power r. And well, geometrically speaking, it appears in the, it appears in as a sum of a trend character of the topological bundle. So anyway, let's state our theorem about MN rule. So CSM classes, this is our friend CSM class corresponding to you. Corresponding to you. And times this prxk, it's equal to the following expression. Well, first, the first term is localization of this term at you. So it's tuk. And the rest term is sum over all the w. w can be written as u times eta for an r prime plus one cycle. eta is r prime plus one cycle. And moreover, u, we need that there exists a path from u to u eta. Okay, this is a description of u. And actually we prove that in the sum, how to say that there will be no reputation for this kind of w. So if there exists, then well, there exists some kind of unique path. But we need to put restriction on the path anyway. And the coefficient is, there's a homogeneous symmetric polynomial. And the index is u times mu w. And mu w is indexes that is mapped to different index by u and w. So it is. And we do not forget to apply u. So this is our formula. And of course, it's a little bit messy, but it's a result of our theorem. That's equivalent coefficients can be controlled by non-equivalent coefficients. So when we prove this, we first prove the non-equivalent version. And then apply our formula to get the equivalent version. Okay, this is our main theorem. And then let's discuss generalization. So actually we proved more general rule for for polynomials or hook shapes. Which including circle class or tautological bundle. So the following picture maybe shows what happened. So as I explained for e, the sum is taking over the decreasing path. It means the label is decreasing. And on the other hand, if we consider the circle class of tautological bundle, say the for h, the pair rule for h is sum over the increasing path over the graph I described. And for hook shape, for short polynomials or hook shapes, it's sum over passes which increasing firstly and decreasing. And how many steps it increase and how many steps it decreases depends on the shape of the hook. So we can see actually this is a hook shape somehow. Okay, this is generalization. And actually our formula we obtained is a generalization of the following theorems. A lot of formulas. So firstly is the Charlet formulas for CSN classes, which is proved by Alofi, Ehashiyan, Sherman, and Xu. And secondly is the Schubert-Pierre rule by Soteli. And third is the equivalent Schubert-Pierre rule by Robinson. And also Li, Ravi Kumar, Soteli and Yang. Actually they found a geometric proof of the equivalent Schubert-Pierre formula. And actually in our case up to I cannot figure out, up to now I cannot figure out a geometric proof of it. Anyway, and also the Schubert-Emmel rule and also our result also generalized Schubert-Emmel rule due to a horizon and Soteli. So this is our main results and generalizations. So I think it's a good time to take a break. Very good.


I'm here from Morning Systems and happy new year. And I'm happy to say here in 2023, I think we're going to keep continuing the discussions around password management. The recent last pass breaches that happened towards the end, or at least we found out about them, towards the end of 2022, has it in the news and also in people's minds, which I think is great. I want people thinking more critically about security. But that leads you to the next question of, where should I store my passwords? And Bitwarden, big fan of it, been using it for years. My preferred place to store it. But KeyPass XC comes up a lot. I want to do address that, because I think it's a good password manager. So too long didn't watch. Yes, go ahead and use it. Let's talk about what they have in common. First, both store passwords in a vault securely, which is great. They use strong cryptography. And I said the date at the beginning, not just because it's a happy new year and it's 2023. But as of right now, as of the recording of this video, I don't know of any flaws in either one of these and the encryption I use that would allow someone to get in. Next, both have good browser integrations with Chrome or Firefox. The browser integration I think is really important because you want to make sure the URL you're at matches before it fills in. This is something people should always be suspicious of and where password managers can help with phishing links where you found a link someone sent you for some reason, you decided to click it, and it doesn't autofill. That's odd. Wonder why it's not autofilling. Oh, the domain doesn't match because of domain typos and squatting. It's one more extra layer of protection I think by having it integrate in the browser. Also convenient that when you're storing and typing passwords and creating new passwords for forms in the browser that you can save it right back into your password manager. So as you create these unique passwords, they get saved right in your smoothie without having to go back and forth and copy and paste alt tab between a desktop app. Speaking of desktop apps, both are cross platform and have desktop apps. Now KeePass XC is only really a desktop app, whether it's Mac, Windows or Linux. And as I said, offer the browser integration versus the way Bitwarden works is going to be a server that it talks to, whether you host that server yourself. And I've done a video on self hosting Bitwarden, or you use Bitwarden's back end, which I think is perfectly secure because they have a zero knowledge back end. So it's encrypted before it gets synced over to them. Either way you use it, the synchronization is occurring and the desktop app is either local as in KeePass X or talking back out there. Now, in case you're ever wondering what Bitwarden, what happens if the server can't be reached, whether you self host or use them. It'll cache the last known copies of the password with KeePass XC. It has to have access to the database file that you create when you set up KeePass XC. So there's a little nuance difference in there, but as I said, both have desktop apps. Now both can store TOTP alongside with your passwords, which I don't think is a great idea. This is something maybe for a lab, it's okay. But once you get out in the real world, there's a few exceptions. I have a couple of forums out of convenience, if not wanting to put it on my phone. Yeah, I probably saved a couple of forums with TOTP in there. So worst case is someone got my password manager, someone breaches it. Well, and they went to some of the forums that I go to. They might have that ability to TOTP log in if they were to take it. I don't know how good that is, but I belong to so many forums having that many of them on my phone for storing it. That would be a pain to manage all that. So I'll let you guys roast me in the comments on my choices for that. Now this is where Bitwarden goes a little bit beyond what KeePass XE does. Bitwarden free version offers synchronizing of your data with KeePass XE. You got to do that yourself. They also use Bitwarden send and the free version lets you send text files only. This is a really clever system. I've done a video on it before that allows you to send someone a specialized link that you can control and maybe give them a password of view because you want to send a block of text in a secure way. You can say view once or view many times or whatever the parameters are or let it expire based on different parameters you put in there. So I think this is a really cool feature to share some piece of knowledge in a text format. If you buy the paid subscription you can go ahead and send them files as well in a secure format and same rules apply. Now let's go a little further Bitwarden Enterprise which is a paid offering. They offer full event log auditing, SSO and API access. Now when it comes to the event auditing of the logs and the way I work with my staff, being able to know who accessed what when and have an immutable log for that is really important for security when you're managing it for a business and a group of people like I do. So this is one of the reasons we like the Bitwarden with the Bitwarden Enterprise and it's why KeyPass XC wouldn't be a fit within my company. Now KeyPass XC can be easily synced as I mentioned. You can use a file synchronization tool such as syncing, Dropbox or whatever you prefer.  Matter of fact, synchronizing it with a couple of computers because you really want to make sure you back up that file or synchronize it between the different systems you have, I think it's a great choice and you're right. If you said, hey, I use KeyPass XC, I don't see the purpose and a password manager like Bitwarden, which is like a really common comment. People replied to me on the Bitwarden video on for individual users. I don't see this as a problem for someone like myself running a business or if you just have a use case that requires you to create a shared collection between multiple people and be able to keep that up to date with shared passwords and shared credentials in there, Bitwarden's a better choice for that use case. Now, if you're probably wondering why would sites need to share, shouldn't everyone have their own individual users? Yes, I wish that was the case. I wish everything was simple like that. Unfortunately, dealing with many of these sites, that's just not how that works. Sites are always behind because someone may have already asked, what about the new pass keys and some of the other features that we're seeing come out? The industry's ability to create new standards versus the industry's ability to adopt new standards are always opposed to each other. Companies aren't quick to adopt and change the code on the back end that allows all these systems to integrate them smoothly. Now, we could be talking in a future now that's not January 1st of 2023, where I'm completely wrong and all this is irrelevant and this video doesn't make any sense anymore because we've come up with this incredible new way of authentication. But we are in reality right now, January 1st of 2023, where we do need all these integrations still. And that's why I made this video. So leave your thoughts down below about KeyPass XC or Bitwarden, which one you like. But I still think KeyPass XC, if I was just an individual and didn't have to deal with a bunch of other people needing to share passwords or credentials and information with them via a secure method like Bitwarden, I think it's a great tool to use. Let me know which one you use down in the comments below or whatever thoughts you have on this topic or if there's some other topic you want me to cover or head over to my forums for our more in-depth discussion. Thanks.


When we started this project, we asked ourselves one question, who is a soldier? They're not people that are seeking glory, they're seeking an opportunity to do something positive. We're getting an opportunity here to show that we are the best in the world. Today, there are hundreds of thousands of soldiers serving in the United States Army, and each one of those lives has a story. Let's go, Mick! That guys only have to be right once. We can be right 999 times, but that one time we're wrong, a lot of people can die. The Army story is touching, it moves, and we want people to feel the way we feel about Army stories.


Hello and welcome to the session. The given question says, a pair of dice is tossed twice if the random variable x is defined as the number of doublets, find the probability distribution of x. Let us now start with the solution and here we are given that x is equal to the number of doublets which appear when a pair of dice is tossed twice. Now the possible doublets are 1, 1, 2, 2 that is on both the dice the same number appears. So these are the doublets clearly since here that a pair of dice is tossed twice therefore x can take the value 0, 1 or 2 that when pair of dice then the total number of possible outcomes is equal to 36 and out of these 36 possible outcomes 6 are doublets therefore probability of getting a doublet is equal to the number of favorable outcomes of getting a doublet divided by the total number of possible outcomes and the favorable are 6 and the total number of outcomes are 36 so probability of getting a doublet is 1 by 6. Therefore probability of not getting a doublet is equal to 1 minus 1 by 6 which is equal to 5 by 6. Now let us find the probability when x is equal to 0 that is probability of no doublet and here the pair of dice is 5 divided by 6. This is the probability for the first row and for the second row and this is equal to 25 divided by 36. Now let us find probability at x is equal to 1 that is probability of 1 doublet 1 no doublet sorry non doublet and this is equal to doublet non doublet in the second row non doublet in the first probability of a doublet in the second row probability of a doublet values probability of getting a doublet is 1 by 6 into probability of getting a non doublet does into 1 by 6 is equal to 10 divided by 36 and cancelling 25 to 10 2 into 18 is 36 so we have 5 divided by 18. So probability when x is equal to 1 is 5 divided by 18 that is probability of getting 1 doublet in 2 tosses is 5 divided by 18 that is probability that probability of doublet into probability of doublet that is 1 by 6 into 1 by 6 is equal to 1 divided by 36 therefore we have probability at x is equal to 2 is equal to 1 by 36 the required distribution to show the probability distribution in the first row we shall write the values of x and the second they have probabilities and take the values 0 1 and 2 and the probability when x is equal to 0 is 25 divided by 36 probability when x is equal to 1 is 5 divided by 18 and probability when x is equal to 2 is 1 divided by 36. So this completes the session by and take care.


Before using Audio Stream for the first time, you need to configure it. This video shows you how to do that with a compatible Android device. Before pairing Audio Stream with your phone, download the latest version of the Audio Key 2 app and enable Bluetooth on your phone. Make sure Audio Stream is turned off by removing it from your audio processor. Open the Audio Key 2 app, press the menu in the upper left corner, and open Connectivity Options. Select Audio Stream and then Configuration. If you have one Audio Stream, select the side you wear it on. If you have an Audio Stream on each side, select both left and right. Tap Next. Then slide the Audio Stream cover completely over your audio processor. Place it next to your phone and press Next. If it fails to configure, move the audio processor closer to the phone. Slide the Audio Stream cover off and on, and press Try again. If you want to use Audio Stream on both sides, repeat the previous step with your second audio processor. Leave the first audio processor switched on during this. Next, enter a username with 7 or fewer letters. Only letters from the Latin alphabet can be used. Then tap Save. If a Bluetooth pairing request screen appears, tap Pair. Repeat this for your second Audio Stream if you have one. Once it has paired successfully, tap OK. Exit the Audio Key 2 app. Follow the instructions provided by your phone's manufacturer to connect to a Bluetooth device. Connect to Audio Stream. Audio Stream will connect automatically whenever it is switched on and your phone has Bluetooth enabled. Now you're ready to start streaming music and phone calls directly to your audio processor.