I'm not stopping this work anytime soon, you know what? It's exciting to see that Africans are listening to me. It's exciting to see that Africans are building Africa. It's exciting to see that the diasporas are moving back to the monoline. You know what? I've been telling you guys that Africans will one day take control of their own narrative and it's happening. The revolution is happening. It's about time you get involved. Listen, give me that song. I'm in Burundi, my country number 27 in Africa.  But guess where I am? Does this look like proofing it for you? What's up? You make that? Uh-huh. You've been hiding the truth. And who wrote this? It's a young guy, just 31 years, who used to go off an edge, move to Australia, and return back and rebuild his own country. It's not just rebuilding his country, but it's impacting lives. It's not just impacting lives, it's employing people. It's not just employing people, it's giving hope to the youth of Burundians and also to Burundians in the diaspora, a round of applause, man. Can you do me a favor? Like this video now, because I know that you will be inspired with the message in this video.  Come along with me, let's go. My brother, you've done something that the whole world think it's impossible to do it in Burundi. You've done something that I believe that even Burundians, things are impossible. How does that make you feel? Oh man, it makes me feel like I'm a champion, and it makes me feel so humble. Just because I proved, I wanted to prove to the world that Burundians, they are just amazing. And Burundians are capable of doing anything. Just as the first gay child community in Burundi.  Thank you, man. Thank you. Me, I've got a long story, but just to cut it short, it was only in 2015 when I went to a country called Eastimo, and I was doing so amazingly in Australia, because me I'm a diaspora from Australia, I've been there for more than 15 years, and I remember I was going to perform because I'm a musician. And I requested them to pull up the Burundian flag before starting to perform. So as I'm looking at the flag raising, I feel like God told me, go and do what you're doing for this country, for your country. And all of a sudden I took a flight, come here, I came here after 2015 when there were demonstrations here and there, so people did not believe me that I'm coming. And I came, and I started a company called Come and See Burundi. Okay. As you can hear from the name, I wanted the world to come and see Burundi, the beauty of Burundi, the beauty of Burundi, because this is a hidden paradise, my friend. I'll show you Burundi, Burundi is amazing. When I came to that time, it was a revelation that Burundi needs to be built by Burundians, no one else. And then I came up with these ideas, I started thinking to develop a village, a ghetto community without having any plot, no knowing where, but in Burundi. And then I started meeting people, telling them I have this dream, I want to do this.   Oh yes, they, seriously, I even wanted to do it in Gitega, which is another city, and they ended up saying that I'm a thief, that I'm mad, that, you know, I need to show them the money that the white man has gave me. And I told them, come on guys, you see, we Africans have to support each other when the African, starting from Burundi, support each other without any doubt, we're going to colonize the whole world. I want that sentence again. I want that sentence again, rephrase that sentence. When the African starts supporting each other without any doubt, we're going to colonize the whole world. A big round of applause for Fabrice, man. Thank you, thank you. So it's about time African starts supporting one another. Absolutely, absolutely. What do you think is going to happen? I mean, apart from colonization. Yeah, you know, it's a long way to go, but we started. Now when you look at people like Nelson Mandela, we look at people like Patrice Lumumba, we talk about people like Rwaga Sori. We have to be like these heroes. You see, the Africans, we like to be kind of pushy back, like, you know, that's for those. No, no, no. This is the time, my friend. This is the new era for Africa. So all the diaspora, all the diaspora, Braumians, all African diaspora come back home. Let's build and let's showcase what Africans come up with. Because Africa, you see, when you go in history, Africa used to be the superpower, the global superpower. We talk about somebody like Masa Musa, who was the richest man in the world, like in history. But then where did we go wrong? You know what I mean? So let's wake up, my friend. Africans are sleeping lion. Somebody's poking in. It's about to roar. If you look at this camera, if you look at my phone, there is a mineral came from Congo. If you look at, you know, a plane could not fly. A television could not work. We thought a mineral from Congo. So those who've been stealing from us, time is over now. The African lets you unite and let's go colonize the other side of the world. You see what I mean? Because we had a great leader whose name is Momagadafya. This man has a great dream. He had a great dream that he wanted Africa to unite. Now I want you to imagine, I want the Africans to imagine. Imagine United States of Africa, one army, one army, one currency, boom. One people. No, we're actually the same people, but you travel across Africa and realize that we're just same people that were divided by our colonizers. But anyway, I want us to go back a little bit more. You move from Australia back to Burundi. Yes. Were you born here? Yes. Correct. Did you grow up here? Yes. And at what point did you leave this country then? Thank you. Now Burundi had been recolonized by the vegans after the Germans. And then the one who started, you know, bringing all these theories, the Hutus and Tuzus, just nonsense. Now Burundi has been having a civil war for quite a while and it was born during the civil war. So in 1993 here, the civil war broke out and I was only one year old. So my family and I, we fled to Rwanda refugee camp. And when we got to Rwanda, everybody knows the story of Rwanda in 1994. The genocide, which actually described it as a Holocaust, you know. And then what it is, is that we had to flee again from our refugee camp in Rwanda, fleeing to Burundi where everything we had had been destroyed. So we came here and we started from zero. So I always say, I've seen my parents coming from being zero to being my heroes. And when I was, you know, eight years old, unfortunately all my parents died. So I grew up as an orphan. Wow. Now I became miserable. I became zero. I literally had no vision because I'm the last child in my family. So my other siblings here, they get married when they're young. So there wasn't anybody who can hold my hand, you know. So it became a misery, it became crazy. But then I stayed up and I do thank my sisters because they helped me to stay at school.  It was so crazy. I go to the point of sniffing petrol. What? Yeah, sniffing petrol. So that means literally. Don't stop me. Did you sniff some gadget? I'll tell you what. It was terrible. It was terrible. What are you doing? I was only eight, transferring to nine. Yeah. So what it is, is that after that, my sister who was in refugee camp came here to visit. In Tanzania, because after fleeing from Rwanda, my older sister couldn't come back to Burundi, so she fled to Tanzania of the refugee camp. So when she heard that I became an orphan, she requested, she demanded my other siblings to send me to Tanzania of the refugee camp, that would might get, you know, visas. I would might go to someone protected. So I went to Tanzania of the refugee camp, I went to Tanzania of the refugee camp and I thought it was going to be great, but it ended up being terrible. In a Tanzania refugee camp, it was hell. There wasn't food, you know, the UN used to bring us food for, thinking that it would only, it would last us for two weeks, but it would only last us for one week. So for the rest of the time, we had to go and work for the locals. And the schooling system was really poor, you know, you would end up matching our school for more than 50 minutes by food, you know, and there's no electricity, there is no dreams, you don't work out thinking that I'm going to jail. And think about witchcraft. And because most of the people who fled has been suffered from this mechanism of ethnicity separation. So the hate was so severe in there. It was so great, you know. So I've been there one year, but it was the terrible time of my life, you know. And God does great. We got interviewed by a country we never knew anything about. We go interviewed by Australia and they accepted us and let me tell you something. You see, me, my parents named me Fabrice. But if you go my identity, you'll find Diodone Manila Kaiser. Why? So because I had to break into Tanzania refugee camp from Burundi. So I had to become somebody who was Diodone, did not exist. And you see me right now, I don't even know when I was born. I don't know my date of birth. If you look at my documentary, documents, it said 31st of December 1991, which means everybody celebrates because some of the people who were born were raised because some of the new years live, you know. So me being in a refugee camp, it was just that terrible time. Now, when we go interviewed by this Australia, there was a huge challenge which came when I couldn't pronounce my dad's name. Because he died when I was really young, so I couldn't remember his last name.  For this woman, you are still in this child. Therefore, we go to do a DNA test and see if it matches. Now, the people from refugee camps started saying, oh, it could not match, it might not match. So it was the time we called God and said, please reveal yourself to us because we can't go back to Burundi. Our life is on a finish line. And by God grace, we go accepted by a country we never knew anything about. And funny enough, there was a huge community of people refugees who, because they, you know, the education system, most of them did not get that chance. So they started saying that we shouldn't go to Australia because white people eat black people. And they said we couldn't go to Australia because they would make our body, they would make soap out of our body. Or we might end up watching white people's dogs. And we say, you know what?  So we took that risk. And we went to Australia and I'll tell you what, I've been describing it much more like coming from hell to heaven. The life in Australia has been so good. We've got a good education, you know, development. Me, myself, I'm a rapper. I started my music career. I started my motivation and inspiration speaking. I've been around. Motivating people. I've been the first Burundian who done TEDx talk. So which became a session. I've won so many awards. But then it was just that call, man. Like I'm doing all this amazing thing for this way developed the country. And it was, as I was telling you before, it was when I went to East Timor and I was received by the president. I was like, oh, man, I was treated like Jay-Z there, man. You know, it was just so great.  And as I was looking at it being raised, there was an angel of God telling me, what are you doing here, son? Go to Burundi. Go and develop my country. That's how I ended up coming to Burundi. And my dream for Burundi is to transform Burundi, to become a utopia, to become a world sensational country, to become on the top. Because I'll give you an example. This is CSB village. It holds a value of 10 billion Burundian money, which is about five million dollars. There is no white man money here. There is no Western idea here. This is me thinking. This is me drawing structures and strategies. This is me telling Burundians we can. If you don't believe that, let me prove it. You came up with the idea. Did you have money that time? Did you know where the money was coming from for you to start a business? No. No. I did not have money. I did not have an idea. But then I just sit down and say, how does it work now? What I want to prove to the Africans. I always look, I love to talk about Bible because I read Bible so much. The wisdom which was given to Solomon, it has been given to all of us. But who has that time to give it to God and say, God, please, lead me? Because we are too busy. The world has become so busy. We don't even get time to talk with God. So what I did, it was to sit down and think about it. And then I started putting stakeholders together. Now this bank, the bank which is financing the clients, it's a Burundi's bank, a local bank. Now the problem that I wanted to solve, it was for the diaspora. Now the diaspora, me being the diaspora, I used to send money to construct the houses here. And it was disappearing. I have my sister who sent more than 400 million Burundian money. But when you look at the house now, it doesn't even worth 100 million. And I say, look, I'm going to heal myself and I'm going to heal others. And then I came up with this idea. Everybody thought I was crazy. But I knew it was going to work because I had clients. I had clients and that's when I went to the bank and said, you know what, simple. You sell money, right? I'm going to give you clients. You give them loan and I'll beat them houses. And they say, hang on, that could work. And then we tried it and it worked. But they did challenge me at the first because they say, you know what, we need you to do roads first. So I did the roads first and it had, it painted, they put it in painting for more than a year. When I was in Australia.  I had to fly here in 2019. And it was only when I landed here with my return ticket when I started hearing people talking about COVID.  And then I started hearing the crossing the borders. So I ended up getting locked here. And I think that's a mission of God because God locking me here allowed me to do this. So now I've gained so much experience. I've learned how my partners think. I've learned how, you know, the experience I've gained is just enormous. So me being locked down here, it's just been great. So what I help with my clients, if you have plots, I build for you. And if you have money, you bring money, I build for you. If you don't have money, I'll take you to bank and then they'll give you money. When they know that it's me building, it would be easy for you to get processed. So I tell everyone, come and see Burundi, come invest in Burundi, come and build in Burundi. Can I see one of the rooms? Absolutely. Thank you. Look at these houses in World Forest Country. No way. He's a Burundi and lives in America. And he was about to invest outside. After all you look, Burundi's the place. I'm so glad you came back to Burundi to support another brother's business, which is something commendable. But I just want to know, you live in America. Why do you want to invest back home? Okay. First of all, I'm proud to be Burundian. And I feel proud. I feel like we can change some mentality of people.  Yeah. But for me, I want there just to work, not to live there, because I don't like to be there. So that's why I decided to invest back here. But some of us, when we go, we don't want to come back. If not met anyone like that who went abroad and you're like, hey, I give up on Burundi, I'm never going back. To go outside, I think there's a reason, two reasons to make people going there. There are some people who went there just to live there, because they don't want to live in their original country. And there are others who just went there just to find opportunities, you know, because there's a job up there.  And that's why I want to say thank you so much for coming back. We're so glad that you brought American dollars to support Burundi. And I appreciate you. And on behalf of Fabrice, thank you. I would say this is your first successful project in here. Was this the first attempt? No, it wasn't. I've tried more than one and it failed. How? The first one I tried was in a place called Yabugete. And the place wasn't so pleasing for me because I was trying to get it off the government. And we went to Gitega where I was received by the government. And they showed me the plot. We invested so much in it and it couldn't... They ended up saying I'm there to steal people's money. So I literally... they kicked me out. Wow! So this plot belonged to the bank which I had a partnership with. And I told them, look, if the Gitega doesn't want it, why not start here? And they said, let's do it. So that's how we ended up coming here. So this was my third attempt. And the bank did not kick you out here. Yeah, yeah, yeah. I mean, the challenges were so great. But you know, it's much more of... You fall down, you learn how to get back to your feet. You don't suppose to stay at the ground. It's much more of coming back to the feet. Do you believe in starting small? I do believe in starting small because I did start small. But I believe in starting small by having a bigger vision. When you want to make a change, change everything. Apart from this, now this is Soda. Yeah. Is there any other project you're doing? Yes. Yeah. Right there, just at the front of you. Come and show you. Dude! But I tell you, come back next year. You might have 10 Gated community in Burundi. This is my second project which I called the second phase. And we are developing the first Burundi townhouses. So we are doing about 18 townhouses. And this is in our fourth week. And guess what? Already sold out. Already sold out. Already sold out. How many people have here employed? So right now, we use about 300 people a day. And on our most popular days, we employ more than 500 people a day. So by the end of the project, we might end up providing more than 100,000 employment. At the end of the day, this project is built by Burundians. Yes. Led by Burundians. Burundians. Financed by... Burundians. Yeah. You are an inspiration, man. Thank you, man. Thank you very much. See, coming in here makes me want to cry, though. But I don't know how... No, don't cry. No, but I don't know how you feel because... See, I mean, imagine if there is no project like this. Yeah. But all these people will be working on it. And I'm so thankful because now even the government has come on board. And I love it because even the president has seen what I do. And he's a great supporter. So I think now this is just a dream. This is just a pilot project. So within four years, coming back to Burundi, my fans will be with beautiful houses. Beautiful people. Everything good. I really love the fact that you practice what you preach. Thank you. This is Dangote Samet. Yeah. Your whole project... The whole project is built by a semen from Dangote, Mr. Dangote. To support in an African business. Oh, yeah. Oh, yeah. Africa has to be supported by Africa. And I can't wait. I can't wait to invite Mr. Dangote to Burundi. Dangote, this guy is inviting you to Burundi. I invite Mr. Dangote to Burundi. I will host you. I will welcome you to Burundi because look at it. All we see is you. All this building is built by your semen. I really want to know what has been your biggest challenge on this journey? The biggest challenge I have faced was people did not believe me because I'm young. So they thought, you know, young people are incapable. And the other challenge just been challenged by Africans. Look, you see, the first project, the bank which I was working with, they kind of turned around and say, hang on, maybe we need to pull Fabrice out. But then I don't blame them because we all suffer from the trauma of the colonial system, from the trauma of the world, you know, which is the message I want to send to the diaspora who want to invest back home. Don't think you're going to come to Burundi or to your country and expect it to be like America or by the US. You won't work to the office and they will give you the paperwork at the first minute. No, but you have to understand to change the game, you must be in it. You know what I mean? So that means all the challenges I have faced, it was just, I don't blame people. I think that's the way it's supposed to be. And if you develop a business and don't face any challenge, that's a failure business. You regret coming back? I don't regret coming back. I love being here and I love just to see people happy and I love to think that when I die somebody will tell someone Fabrice has made a change. So it's all about legacy. Correct. Fabrice, if you have the chance to change one thing in Africa, what will it be? Mindset. Mindset. So first of all, I think Africans need to support each other. Because as I said before, by the time Africans believe themselves, believing in ourselves and support each other, we're going to change the world. And what you see I'm doing here, this is just a start of the finished product. And I'm just so glad because I know most of people, we got the same mindset. We just don't get the stage to showcase it. So I want to create the stage.  A young man from a Burundian young man in Australia, a Ghanaian young man in America can say, you know what Fabrice has done it. I'm going to do it too. Fabrice, I just want to let you know that you're an inspiration. Thank you. I'm so glad to meet you. Thank you. I'd love to be your friend, henceforth. Thank you. For sure, forever now man. I really want you to go, but the final thing is like if you have a message to the youth of Africa. Yes. Listening to you right now, what would that message be? The message to the youth of Africa is let's go beyond what separates us and meets on our common ground. The common ground is we need to make the United States of Africa, no matter what it is. Now we have to understand, the history has been written and it's not so good. So we need to write the new history and this is the beginning. I want to say thank you so much for talking to me and I really appreciate your time. But if someone is from Burundi living in the diaspora or any African who wants to own a home in Burundi, can I trust you that you're going to deliver for them? Absolutely. I mean this is the proof. If any Burundi are out there or any African, either we want to invest in Africa. Now we are wanting to open a branch in a different region here in Africa. Come to us. Come to us. We have happy clients. You've seen them. We are doing everything that we can. So if anybody wants to build their houses and not just houses, if you want to start your project here, if you want to start your company, I've seen how it all works. So welcome. I'm here to help you. Thank you. Thank you very much.


Welcome back MechanicalEI! Did you know that many elements like factor of safety, the actual power to be transmitted and transmission distance help decide the classification of police? This makes us wonder, how are police classified? Before we jump in, check out the previous part of this series to learn about what pedestal and footstep bearings are. Now, there are three main types of police based on the type of belts that run through them. V-belt pulleys are designed for light-duty power transmission and high performance conveying. They are best suited for applications with smaller pulleys and large central distances. These pulleys have a high power transmission efficiency, are cost-effective and are easy to use and install. A V-belt pulleys is a unique mechanical linkage with a cross-section that resembles an isosceles trapezoid. The V-belt and its complementing pulleys create the most efficient belt drive known. However, V-belt pulleys are solely used for transmitting power between two parallel axes, as misalignment between the axes considerably decreases the efficiency due to friction losses. Round belts are pulleys with a 60-degree V-groove designed to run a circular cross-section belt. Round pulleys are only suitable for idler pulleys that guide the belt or when o-ring type belts are used. The V-groove transmits torque through a wedging action, thus increasing friction, enabling round belt pulleys to be used in low torque situations only. A fast and loose pulleys arrangement is used on shafts to enable a machine to be started or stopped at will. A fast pulleys is key to the machine shaft while the loose pulleys run freely. To transmit power, the belt runs over the fast pulleys and when the power is not needed, the belt is simply pushed over or bypassed to the loose pulleys, which then rotates freely. This arrangement of pulleys is very important in paper mill industries, where stopping of one machine should not interfere with the other machines, which are run by the same line shaft. Shown here is one such pulleys system with loose pulleys on the extreme left. Hence, we first saw how pulleys are classified based on the type of belts that run on them, and then went on to see what fast and loose pulleys are. Also, thanks a lot for those constructive comments. You helped the channel grow. So, here are the top mechanical e-eyes of our last videos. In the next episode of Mechanical E-Yang, find out what pipe joints are.


I'm Calcane, I lecture at Massey University School of Design where I was educated in the Bachelor of Design degree after doing a Bachelor of Arts degree. This is Tim Paken. I'm a senior lecturer also at Massey School of Design. So we feel we're a bit in the deep end as designers talking to librarians and curators and digital pioneers about the area of expertise. So bear with us, it's a little bit of a nervous space for us to be in. But what we want to do is reflect on three years of an investigation which we did with our senior design students, those 300 level design students into the Library of the Future. So the paper which we reflect on is a brand experience or experience design paper. So we've heard a lot in the last couple of days about design thinking and transmedia. This is the paper where at Massey University we've taught for the last decade these ideas in a very evolving way. So the paper is 300 level. It's cross-disciplinary. So we have industrial designers, spatial designers, fashion designers, fine artists, digital designers, interactivity designers all coming together on this paper to look in a contextual studio mode. So theory mixed with studio practice to create holistic global experiences from a user's point of view. So a lot of the threads which we've looked at over the last couple of days. And within the School of Design this is one of the first real cross-disciplinary papers that we did. And it was really exciting bringing together people from fashion with visual communication and industrial. And you brought together some really different creative approaches, some different viewpoints and specialisms. And we think it's kind of results in some really innovative solutions. So the lens which we're looking through this or the framework which we gave the students to explore this is a theory of experience design. And for those of you who have been in those earlier talks, it's very much a holistic user-centred approach to design. So we look at sensors, we look at space, we look at time as media. So it's quite empowering for the students to come in as graphic designers or spatial designers and thinking from a particular medium or mode of working. And all of a sudden they're charged with designing in modes and ways which they far well and beyond what they expected to be doing. They might be designing with time or human resources where they thought they'd be designing with ink or pixels. So what is experience design? This is a bit of an abbreviated version. He Sandler gave a really good description about I think user experience and especially the role that user-centred design plays. But bear with us for people who didn't catch Heath's presentation yesterday. But I think central to experience design is this fact that it's user-centred. So rather than approaching the design problem with a we-know-best attitude and thinking about dictating the experience that we know you should have. What it does is it uses different techniques and methods to really gain empathy with the audience. And we'll talk about some of those techniques and methods later on. And I suppose through this empathy what we do is we try and gain real insights into the user needs from their perspectives. But involving the user in the process doesn't end there. It continues all the way through the process. So what we'll do is we'll start with these initial insights. We'll create some initial solutions quite quickly. We'll then start to engage in user testing. And as you can see here it really is doing things really quickly. Just mocking it up to give people an indication of the direction we think we should be taking things.  And through the design process you just continue doing this until you get to the solution that best makes the user's needs. So it's a little bit of a death of the hero designer and more of a designer as a facilitator or something close to an ethnographer. So what we design for is what people do, and that's what we've traditionally designed for, but also how they think and how they feel. So we look for pleasure points or pain points in a user's experience in their journey. We look to enhance the good and eliminate the bad. I think this is really interesting, not just focusing on the doing, but also the thinking and feeling. In actual fact, often it's this emotional response which becomes the essence of the problem and the real driver behind the solution and the focus behind the solution. So say, for example, if through the act of doing a user becomes maybe feeling a little bit confused or intimidated, then the way you start approaching the problem isn't focusing on what they're doing, it's maybe thinking more considering about how you perhaps guide them or connect them or even just make them feel welcome, and this adds a real kind of richness to the solution. So this is kind of what a sketchbook looks like during that iterative process, and this is a journey map. This is students considering opportunities to improve the user's experience by identifying different touch points throughout their journey. So it's a time-basic sort of a human journey through something. And it can be through something quite esoteric from confused to... I'm confused why I'm understanding to, I'm intimidated to, I'm calm. So if you think about like a reluctant user of a library entering the journey of quest for knowledge, that it may be an intimidation, which is the first thing which design has to address, that may be the first pain point or step in the journey. But these journey maps are really powerful, and at the end of the day, they're not rocket science. It's almost just putting yourselves in the shoes of the audience or even documenting them and just think about every single touch point, where every single stage they need to go through in order to reach their objective, and each of those stages just be thinking, okay, what are they doing at the stage? And what are they feeling? And obviously from this, trying to identify strengths that you can enhance, but also those pain points that can actually provide opportunities to improve a solution. And it tests a lot of assumptions. This is a 300-level student at university who's got met their own journey through and realising there is more than just books as a eureka moment for the student. If you're working in a library-like environment, those assumptions are really easy to make. And these journey maps really test that, that there is a body of well-educated young people who don't realise what resources are available in the library. So all touch points are considered. So we deal with lighting, space, materiality, textiles, digital touch points that the books themselves, the people who staff the library, so in favour none. So the digital, the human, the physical and time are all considered equal. So we don't, the media isn't driving the process that the journey is. So we have students who set out maybe with assumptions about what they're going to build and then they're building something completely different. And I mean, from a visual communication perspective, this is being really fantastic for us because it really expands the designer's role from just service provider to someone who can become a lot more strategic and also kind of moves a lot of the solutions away from just being a two-dimensional, aesthetic-driven thing to products, processes, services, events all the way through to environments. So that's where that whole cross-disciplinary approach really does help out. This is designing a library and someone asked the question could you eat your lunch in the library and they tried it out. So lunch was drawn on a bit of paper, this is a glass and they're prototyping, trying out could you have a library environment which was comfortable enough that you'd want to eat your lunch. So lots of rapid prototyping. So the project, we looked at two libraries, the Wellington City Library and the Massey University Library, the Wellington-Campus Library and we outlined three distinct challenges which we'll have a look at in a moment. And it's great to have Craig with us here today. He helped out from Massey Library as well with giving a lot of feedback as we move into this project. In fact, we've practised what we preach and brought everyone in. So we had the libraries coalition come in, we had the Wellington City Library come in and more importantly we took the students out into the field. So a lot of auto-ethnographic research took place. Why did we choose the library? We really love libraries. We love them because they are changing so fast. So as sort of anti-experts we just see so much potential in them and so much potential in that space. The fact that these new technologies have come in, information is available everywhere but the role the library does is a particularly special one and our students' response to it was quite amazing. There's this sort of latent love of that space and there's always this coming together of the Town Hall and the cafe and the village pub all these ethos and values coming together in the library. It was also interesting to ask. So again the methodology so it's really eclectic. Again ethnography meets sociology meets anthropology meets an iterative design process do, fail, do, fail, do, fail. And again lots of testing. So a lot of people talk about the sort of rapid prototyping, fail, fast thing. This was could the library be a space of play and the critique immediately was well trying to get my essay done I don't want you doing that next to me so the answer that the students have is let's play beside people learning. So they literally set up play beside the group of 400 level honours students who are busy studying to see what would happen. You can imagine the result but it was a little more successful than you might presume. Other techniques are role playing or you can also just go shadow someone not in a creepy way but just kind of It can be a bit creepy. Observe what people are doing obviously the question is I mean it's not rocket science it really is just trying to get I suppose inside the head of your users. And we are anti-experts so this is qualitative research at our design school so let's put something up and ask the user what they use this particular space in a particular time. I mean sometimes the methodology is a little bit flawed I know we got an email from Craig saying are these appearing all through the library it doesn't say who's put it up, what it's for there's no kind of I suppose ethics behind it it was just students going for it it was kind of like good but you know you might just want to think this one through a bit. We then teach the methodological sophistication afterwards so we use it as a learning moment but they do by the end of it know about projective techniques and qualitative surveys so the three distinct challenges was if information is digitally valuable anytime anywhere what's the library's role in the community. Second point is how else might the library become more relevant in its users lives so what are the opportunities for the library environment and finally how can new users of an evolving space be introduced or reintroduced to this constantly evolving environment. So a lot of our students are these reluctant readers they read as anxiously as young people then once they had to do it for NCEA or university they backed away from it and then they forced to in their 10 years at university sort of re-immersed themselves in it it's sort of new again to them but in those intervening years the library itself has changed a lot so the whole idea of bringing new users and the university environment is great because every year you've got a whole new card and that third point specifically relates to the university environment and we're really kind of surprised in our times that we'll either bring in a book or have a film or when you bring in a book it's just gathered around oh my gosh this is amazing I've got to look at these amazing resources where did you get this from you know the library down the hallway and down the stairs and it's amazing how many of them really kind of utilised that resource so again we're all going off today insights and not solutions so again these are our observations we're going to eventually get to our observations and this is how digitally sophisticated we are we ask them to you know mock up a Macintosh you know what would it look like when they sit down so they get cardboard and they make a Mac if one wasn't available in terms of rapid prototyping it works it's enough to know whether if I sit down at this kiosk and it looks like this and I want to reach here it's enough for them to move on to the next step and I suppose like a little bit of a disclaimer some of the solutions or not solutions but some of the responses might be seen as being a little bit optimistic and possibly a little bit idealistic and I think sometimes the students fail to appreciate maybe some of the limitations or complexities involved and even some of these responses might be things that have been tried and perhaps they've failed for one reason or the other but I think at the end of the day it does actually give you an insight to I suppose what people of this age expect and want so some themes from the responses so we saw a hell of a lot of students focus on search so seeing an opportunity in search not in the sort of engine algorithmic side but in terms of that the touch point where the user interfaces with it and how it looks, how it feels and what's on there there was some really key themes running through it and all the responses really came from some of the core needs they found with the audience and say for example this one here what they found was that when they started investigating a research in the library they were really surprised at all the resources that the libraries had that they weren't aware of and so they started thinking okay how can we make these resources more visible and more accessible other students sometimes found it really hard to access the information they want but more surprisingly sometimes they didn't even know what information they wanted and they're almost kind of just flying blind so a lot of these responses were trying to think how you could respond to that so it's doing things like sharing or the ability to follow or the ability for a search engine to I suppose have a memory of things that you've searched or books you've taken out and possibly recommend things based on that so technology was everywhere but it sort of led to a very traditional or led through a traditional place and process to the book was still the hero in a lot of these search functions but augmented so RFID was just expected because it's amazing expectation that every book will have an RFID near field tag on it which will be able to talk to their smart device as they navigate the system and they should be able to just hold up a tablet or a device to a bookshelf and help navigate it and the reason for that is quite interesting it's not so much that the technology itself made it facilitate a faster or more effortless transaction it was that if I want to design if I want to look at bicycle lane design is this engineering, is it design is it civics, is it like the GUI decimal system that the books of information is shelled currently doesn't work for them and it doesn't work for how they work for example the master of design and master of finance thesis are almost impossible to shell is this as, is it design, is it civics it's quite intriguing the second point that was kind of sandpit they played and really came from when students started to investigate what a library was they realised it was more than just books and this really taps into that emotive quality so they really started using words like it's a sanctuary or it's a community hub so they started thinking about the ways that it can actually kind of facilitate those coming together of people but also broaden the library's reach beyond its footprint to some extent which is great fun like so search leads to so this was a search, a hypothetical search on the road by Jack Carrack and it would lead to a show streetcar named Desire down the road to a particular band that's playing a gig as well as to sound book you know film resources so the library was sort of a hub of events all around so a search for India might lead you to an Indian restaurant or a Diwali celebration and also if we go back to that journey map a lot of these ideas were also many things the library doing well so this was kind of trying to enhance things such as you know lawful lunch presentations or story time so events that go on in the library how can you actually accentuate some of those approaches so peer to peer and collaborative learning was massive and it was probably our most surprising example was they wanted as much to learn from each other within the library so the library is a facility or a collaborative space for each other as to learn or be guided by the librarian or to find the knowledge or information within books so this is a really cool little example where when you apply for a library card or refresh your profile on the library's database you can input what you have expertise in and you can go to gauge how much expertise you think you have in those areas this person knows quite a bit about horses and post modernism but what that means if someone is searching horses or post modernism just equal to all your books is that people might pop up so the answer might be a book on post modernism or it might be Kate Baxter but of course then we challenge this and this gets user tested and of course Kate might be writing an essay and be on a deadline and might not want to talk to you or she might be really bored and a little bit lonely on campus so when she enters the library she is welcomed in and she can choose whether or not she wants to be social or otherwise and if someone requests a chat so this is in the university environment so once a chat with Kate she can choose whether or not she accepts that conversation so really interesting that I might enter expecting a book and end up with a chat with Kate so this is a nice little video exemplar of all those ideas that are coming together in a journey map so this is sort of like a final presentation of it for students so you just channel your positive energy let's just hope it works it'll work Paige is prompted with 10 non library related questions the majority of her answers turn out dark blue which means she is mostly a visual learner now that she is aware of her learning style she can begin to use the library so she can use the library so that she can use the library so that she can use the library so that she can use the library is that she is unsure of what the library has to offer in order to best connect and engage with the library resources Paige would benefit from understanding your own learning style Upon atteisha'ha twegoa honia'n dilu, she can begin to use the library more effectively. MEMBER 3 The learning hub can filter results based on滑a learning styles to help her connect with the resources and become more engaged in the library. The catalogue is flipped into full learning styles, and because page is locked in, the visual column is the most dominant of the four. MY SHELFS is a personalised area that allows page to add shelf-spaced on the paper she's currently w ik ng'al. The shelves are a place for her and her classmates to bookmark and share resources that they find useful. Going back to her search, it seems quite broad, so she finds the filter function to help her narrow it down. Visual resources that relate to her search appear, including a book called Makes History of Graphic Design. It looks really useful for her and perhaps some other classmates. She decides to bookmark it to the shelves. The catalogue also provides learning resources that exist outside of facing it. Being new to Wellington, this also connects PAGE to her new surroundings. After seeing the exhibition, PAGE wants to give it a review so she adds a start to it. The Starworks is a rating system in order to filter the resources. The most popular and useful peer-reviewed resources will always appear at the top. Are we running out of time, are we? Okay, shivers. Okay, really quickly. The main bit. Analysis over the last three years. Focus on individualising the user experience. The students really saw themselves as drinking from the firehouse of information. So much information. They really needed someone to curate and calm and sort of customise that flow of information. All communication is dialogue. They wanted to talk with the library. They wanted everything to be in conversation. Between themselves and the library and the librarians. And also within each other as peers. Expectation that the experience is sustained beyond the library. And that the library experience is sustaining. So if they start off as a new user, that as they develop their needs and expectations, the library's experience changes with them. Library role is social facilitator. It is a collaborative hub of learning as much as a supply of knowledge and information. Which changes the role of the librarian as well as the library as a space. Favouring the familiar?  So interfaces which look like Pinterest, Google, Facebook. Things which don't look like those modernist, monolithic search engines that they offer and encounter. And also acts like those functionalities they're used to. So they wanted library search engines to look like everything else they used. And finally, no experience was proposed without a digital element and no digital-only experience was proposed. Which we thought was really, really interesting. Not one student at over 200 students thought the library is dead as a physical space. Take it all online. Which we expected, not what one did. But no one thought that the physical space could be sustained without being augmented by digital. So that was our final touch point. Thanks very much. Cheers.


Hey guys, it's Nate, aka The Foot Accountant. Welcome back to the channel. Little Syria team of the season, AirDivision team of the season, and CSL, Chinese League team of the season, market talk video today, because there's a lot of stuff that happened today on FIFA Ultimate Team that I want to talk with you guys about today on Tuesday, as we had out of Monday, which Monday, again, I've been talking about this the past few weeks. Monday is a massive day in foot. We get upgrade packs, we get the secondary leagues released, and today, we got not one, but two secondary leagues released. We got an objective and an SBC, and I just want to cover this really quick from Monday, what we got, this Elkison SBC, 83 rated with a team of the season card for a 90 rated Chinese League striker, four star, four star, not even that bad stats, but this is basically EA handing out SBC fodder to everybody in FIFA, because a lot of people are probably just going to go and do this SBC, because you could honestly do a set of 10 upgrade packs that we got today as well, the Serie A upgrades and the 80 pluses, and you could probably craft this SBC. So that's a very cheap SBC, and now everybody has a tots card in their club, like EA, definitely plan this out, because think about it. And this is something we also need to kind of ponder and talk about today. Wednesday, we should be getting guaranteed SBCs, right? Guaranteed tots SBCs from the AirDivision, from the Chinese League and from the Serie A. If we drop all three of those on one day, that's three tots that you're going to need to turn into those squads, right? EA knew that, and ahead of time, what they're doing with this Elkison card is probably preparing everybody for that, because they know a lot of people are going to do this just because it's cheap. They'll send them to the club, which will make high rated fodder rise probably less, because you already have a tots card, 90 rated, if they make all the squads, you know, for the Serie A squad, probably being 86 rated, you only need maybe some 84s and 85s to complete the rest of the SBC, which is what we've been seeing in the past few weeks anyway. But again, I think that's that kind of method of thinking I think has proved here with this SBC. It's good value regardless, though. I mean, if you use this guy in game, he's probably decent to use, four star, four star and decent stats anyways. But we also got the upgrade packs today, and that's the biggest part about Monday. And that actually caused some movements on the market today. I want to show you what came out with these upgrade packs, which are decently good, by the way. You see the tots counter is up to 60. I did pack six team this season tonight on stream with the best one being the Mad Lad DiBala. We packed 94 DiBala today. I dropped about, I'm gonna say 500K ish on the packs tonight and we did get DiBala, so it was worth it. And we're gonna be doing more throughout the rest this week, but from what I'm seeing, the 80 plus upgrade and the Serie A upgrades are both pretty good value because I'm seeing a lot of the double upgrade packs are just really good. And then there's 80 plus. People are getting pro meses. People are getting the Serie A tots cards. Three tots cards, like three squads, you can get from the 80 plus because it's not just Serie A players. So that was a W from that SBC that came out today. And then the objective I want to cover was Lissandro Martinez. Not a bad card. I mean, you do squad battles for almost all these, except for some rivals, but this is a guy that kind of gives you a link between your promes and maybe your Tagli Fico, depending on what formation you run. And it looks like a pretty solid card. But speaking of promes and Tagli Fico, I want to look at the tots squads that came out today as well because they, EA went all out with some of the juices on some of these cards from the secondary leagues. Dumfries was extinct earlier today. He's now back on the market at 115. That's a really good looking right back card with interesting links and just a sick card. ZH is nasty, five-star skills, only a three-star weak foot, but that's a dope card. And then this is the guy that everybody wants to know about. Everybody wants to play with. He was extinct earlier today. I think it was like 580 or something. He was extinct. They upped its price range to 900 and now he's back down to 649. So he's been dropping ever since that price range got updated. Does he go back up after in the morning? I don't really know if he does because a lot of times when a player is extinct, if there's a lot of hype for that card, which there is here, they can rebound into the morning after that night where their price range gets updated. I just don't know how much hype there is here with this card, to be honest with you, at this price range, but this is a sick card. Five-star skills, four-star weak foot. He's gonna be absolutely incredible in game and he's got the hype, right? And he's linkable with Netherland links with the Dutch links. So that's a card a lot of people are gonna try to pack and try to get this week. That is a W. Van de Beek looks good. Tagle Fico is cracked as well. Some of these other cards in here don't look that bad. And then we go to the CSL. EA went all out with this one too. Oscar ran out to Augusto with an absolutely juicy, juicy team of the season card. Alex Tashera and Jonathan looks sick as well in a Hulk Tots card. Like EA juiced the secondary league Tots. This week is probably in a hole. Not probably, it is absolutely the best league or the best set of secondary Tots that we have had yet. And look at all the Brazilian links in this squad. A lot of the Brazilian cards are gonna be good looks this week for maybe some Thursday flips as people will get some of these cards in reds. Think about gold three this week, man. Like gold three and silver one where you're not guaranteed the Sierra players. You could get somebody like Paulinho, Hulk and Tashera and even from gold two, some of these cards are a lot better than some of the not so good shite cards, I guess you could say, in the Sierra. Like if you get a Cherby, a choice between Quadrado, a Cherby, Pellegrini, and let's say they drop like Hulk in your player pick, right? You might go with Hulk from like gold two even. If you have guaranteed Sierra players, there are some CSL and air divisi players that will top those, which is kind of a change from the past weeks like last week. Teles might be one of the only ones that you would have taken over a Bundesliga card. Maybe, maybe there's a couple others, but seriously, they went all out with Chinese league and air divisi. That's such a dub in my opinion. But the biggest thing I wanna talk about today is these cards. Because these Syriatots dropped a decent amount from Sunday into Saturday, right? So we are looking at the daily graph. This Taylor and his card was 400K on the weekend down to 368 on Sunday. And today he dropped even more because check this out, Sunday during squad by rewards, he had a low, he's like 350, 360, right? Hit a low of 344, kind of bounced back up. He was chilling around 360 to 370 for most of the day. What happened today was a lot of people saw the upgrade packs and they just kind of started to sell stuff off. This card isn't the best example. He's just kind of dropping right now for no reason. I picked one up on a snipe at 313. But the best example of this today is a guy like Manolis, right? Like what is making this card drop? I think it's purely the upgrade packs that were open today. People wanted to go do the upgrade packs because they realized it's a double 81 plus and that's a pretty good pack. Manolis was 200K this morning, content drops and he's dropping all afternoon, now down in the 170s. If you saw a drop like that today on a card, Guadrata was 160 earlier today. Immobilia was just 215, now he's 230. These cards bounce around a lot because they're pretty rare. Luis Alberto was 355, 360. The ball is under 800. Gomez is under 900 both for Debala and Gomez. Manolingovic Savage was 279, 280 at one point. We are getting to a point where if you want to buy any of these cards for your team or as an investment for later on this week, I know this league isn't the most hyped, but we're getting to that time period if you want to make a buy, we're getting close to that time period where it could be time to buy. I'm kind of curious with this Luis Alberto card. People are saying he's really good in game. He's a very rare card. Here's an undercut at 360. If I see like 350 or even below for this, if you see anything that comes out today on Tuesday in foot, that would make these cards drop another 5% to 10%, that is your time to buy honestly, because these cards are just getting very low. Everybody's focused on upgrade packs for Monday. Now today on Tuesday, they're going to start thinking about investing, buying as rewards as two days away, and the guaranteed SBC would be tomorrow and Wednesday. Start to think about looking. If you want to invest in these cards, try to flip some of them. This is maybe going to be your time to buy as we would buy before the guaranteed SBC on Wednesday and then sell afterwards as people go buy the cards that they didn't end up packing. If I had to pick any cards out of the Tots cereal that I'm most interested in as a possible buy and then flip after the guaranteed, I would say Quadrado, Luis Alberto, Smolling, Monaloss, Tail Hernandez, Link of It Savage, and maybe Insignay would be the ones that I'd be the most interested in, especially this Quadrado card, man, because if you are linking any of these cards together, you really need this right back link with the Calcio links. Maybe you've got a Debala at center mid, or you're running, even if you have a Smolling and a Monaloss, this is the best right back in the Serie A, and I don't think he's going to get packed that much from the guaranteed SBC, at least not enough that his price would go down or stay the same. I do think he would go up because the right backs usually do rise a decent amount just because they're huge for links on the outsides and squads. So I'm kind of a fan of this one. Again, Luis Alberto, the meta ones, right? The ones that are interesting, the ones that people have been trying, and you can figure out which ones are meta by looking at how many games played they have, right? Quadrado, 4,000 games played as of right now. Monaloss, 3,800, Smolling, 3,100, Taylor Hernandez, 3,700. Who else are we gonna look at here? Let me take a peek at who else is pretty hyped. Let's look at Malinkovic Savage. How many games he got? 3,300. So out of the ones we've all just looked at, Quadrado has the most games, right? 4,100. Is that the most out of everybody? Luis Alberto, 36. Papu Gomez, now the high rated cards, 5,000 games. Wow, yes, he's got the hype. It's harder for these high rated cars to have more games played, but they do. Interesting, it's harder for these guys to have more games played because they're more rare on the market, and the way that this stat is taken is based on how many cards are off the market, are on the market, because it, Bubbin reads the market and looks at the cards, and then basically pulls out all the number of games that are played based on the cards that are listed up on the market. That's how they grab those statistics. And when there's less cards up for those higher tier meta cards, obviously there's gonna be less games played. So that's just something to think about, but that's a way that you can kind of tell hype and you can measure hype based on what cards are out and which ones people are using in FIFA. The next thing I wanna talk about is out of packs, right? My favorite Dutch right back, Hattabor, Hattabor is down today as well because people, basically what I also saw today was people sold their investments to go out and open these packs. This guy was at 140K flat with a shadow, he's at 143 right there. So some of these cards that were investments actually dropped down today as people sold them to go up and open packs. I saw a head lender and I go and drop today. So basically just check around the market. If you wanted to invest in some of the serious stuff and it went up and you're like, man, I missed the buy time, there might be another potential time to enter if you're still seeing some prices that are low after people did some upgrade packs and they had to sell some cards in order to go do that because I did see that happen today. Douglas Costa was like 350, 360,000 coins almost. And I'm pretty sure I saw him back in the 340s and even 330s today a little bit as well. So some of the Serie A cards that you think might rise this week. Tonali was another one I looked at. Where is Tonali? I think Tonali was getting close to like 415K again. Where is he at? I'm pretty sure this guy was like, yes, he's back up again, man. So Tonali was like 450, 460, I think. Now he's back down to 430. So some of the cards did get panic sold. If you're looking to out-of-pack Serie A's which I'm not really gonna touch this week, I think what I'm going to do is since a lot of that stuff is getting over-invested, I think I'm gonna be messing around with the actual team of the season cards, try to make a couple buys before the guaranteed SBC comes out on Wednesday. And then possibly flip those Wednesday night into Thursday before rewards after the SBC when people buy back these cards because they didn't pack them and they wanted them. And then I'll also do Thursday flipping kind of related around maybe some of these Tod's cards and icons, because I think icons are gonna be really great Thursday flips this week. And in the next few weeks as well, as more and more Tod's cards come out and people have to try to link them together, it's gonna be hard to link them together without using some of those guys like icons in this game. I want to look at some of the other investments a lot of you guys have made. Golden Bappe, this has been a very popular one as well. How much is he at right now? I don't think this would rise super-duper fast. Whoa, this actually dropped today as well. Golden Bappe 204 at the moment. So this is back down to what it was and a lot of people have bought up this card. Okay, that was an undercut, 207, right? But still, in under 210,000 coins, I still think this is a decent buy, out of packs for two weeks, a lot of hype upcoming for this Neymar and the Mbappe, but a lot of people aren't investing in it. So that scares me a little bit, I'll be honest. Neymar actually is still up a little bit. He's up almost 10K actually, 316. So he was in the 300 flat range Sunday night and he's still, he's actually up 10K. Well, Mbappe is about the same price still. So if you're looking to buy any of these out-of-packs golds, I think I like Neymar better than Mbappe just because he's already risen a little bit already and he's definitely more rare than Mbappe is on the market. And if you're gonna buy one or two of the Tots cards, I don't know, man, I feel like there's just more hype for Mbappe than Neymar, just a little bit. So maybe if you still wanna grab one of these out-of-packs, try to get Neymar under 310 if you can on PlayStation and then on Xbox. I think he's like 260 maybe or something like that. Let me check really fast, doesn't know you Xbox dudes need to have a buy price as well, right? This is why if EA just made the market all one together, you know, I could just say, hey, go buy this card at this price and it would be the same for everybody else, right? Wow, I was wrong. Try to get like the 215 range for Neymar if you can. Wow, he's already up a little bit on Xbox. 215 under 220 maybe for Neymar. That card could very easily be 250 in the next couple of weeks with being out of packs for two weeks in a row with Ultimate Team this season as well. And that's something again that we're gonna have to start covering soon on the channel. What cards are gonna get in? Is there gonna be panic selling? Are there gonna be saved up packs? All sorts of stuff as Cristiano Ronaldo continues to drop 6.5 million coins. He was actually under 6'5 a little bit earlier today in the 6'4's so that's interesting but the man bun is falling on the market. The other big story of the day is concerning the upgrade packs. League on Rares. This was crazy today, man. This just goes to show again that a lot of these cards are getting over invested in, right? This is Darun right now, 1.6K. League on Rares today, excuse me, Serie A Rares because those are the ones that are needed right now. Serie A Rares, what happened with those today? I wanna talk about this. These cards were like 1.7, 1.8K, almost 2K I think before the SBC came out today. When the SBC dropped, since it only requires nine rare golds, this means there is slightly less demand so people don't need as many Serie As instead of 11, they only need nine. And this tot set of Serie As just kind of, it's all right, right? You know, it's not the most hyped set of cards, not the most hyped league. That's why you saw these absolutely drop today. Supposedly, I was not on the market for this. Supposedly some of the Rares went from 1.7, 1.8K down to 1.3K upon the SBC release. And now they've risen back up to like 1.7, 1.8K for most of them. I did a lot of my buying today at 1.6 when I was opening up these packs and stuff, which is awesome that these are so cheap, which I think is also maybe driving some people to go do more SBCs and more upgrade packs because these cards are pretty cheap. Look at all these 1.7 Jordan Lukaku's. Right now, this is it up on the market. A lot of people thought these were gonna rise to 2K, which it did not happen because of the amount of people that overinvested and the fact that they only required nine rare golds from the Syria in those packs. Now, this is begging the question from other people. Is this gonna happen next week with Lee Un? To be honest, I think, and I hope that EA does this for Lee Gun next week. Lee Gun Rares are right now around like the 1.3 to 1.5 range for most cards, so they're still inflated. If you're gonna do packs for Lee Gun, think of it this way. If you're buying rare golds to do packs and they only require maybe six, seven, eight, or nine rare golds from Lee Gun next week for upgrade packs, that's huge because that means for you, you can do more packs because you can only need, you only need to put six of your unassigned Rares into that SBC. You can go buy six other Rares that are cheaper on the market and get more packs during the first few days of the week to try to pack Neymar and Bape and Ben Yetter instead of just having to turn all 11 of those cards in at one time. So you can think of it that way, but if you're investing to make coins, that's where the issue comes in. Do these cards rise up next week if they only require six to nine instead of all 11, Lee Gun. Probably it's gonna be just a carbon copy of this week and a lot of people are just investing in these not to do packs, but to also make coins. So I'd be a little bit scared. Unless you bought these at like the 1.2 range, you'll probably see these get to like 1.8, 1.9K next week, but it's gonna be a gamble, because again, we're just relying on EA and the requirements for an SBC, which is why I don't like relying on EA, which, you know, that just something I don't like doing is relying on an SBC requirement or on something that is in their hands, basically, I guess. So that's kind of the situation with the League on Golds and the Serie A Rare Golds and the upgrade packs that did come out today. I updated you on the account. We did pack DiBala today, not to flex it again, but we are chasing after Ronaldo. So I've got DiBala, I've got Quadrado, so I can maybe do a little bit of a formation change. If I get Ronaldo, I got DiBala, I got Quadrado. I want Ronaldo, that's what I'm trying to say. If we get that Ronaldo, that would be ridiculous. That would be freaking ridiculous, man, all right? Pull all your packs through positions out. And these upgrade packs are pretty good, man. So if you've got a little bit of coins, just take a shot at it, right? Just take a shot, try it out. I do want to update you guys on the Weekend League. I finished 20 and eight. I was pushing for Elite, didn't happen, it's okay. We'll still have gold one rewards this weekend and this Wednesday on stream. Down below, check that link in the description. If you wanna check me out on live streams, we'll be opening those there Thursday night.  Comment down below if you have any questions and subscribe to the channel if you're new. It's been Nate with Foot Accountant. Catch you guys later. Peace.


Income tax 2023-2024, filing status tax software example, get ready and some coffee so we can stave off the government attack with income tax preparation 2023-2024. First a word from our sponsor. Yeah, actually we're sponsoring ourselves on this one because apparently the merchandisers they don't want to be seen with us but but that's okay whatever because our merchandise is is better than their stupid stuff anyways like our accounting rocks product line if you're not crunching chords using excel you're doing it wrong a must-have product because the fact as everyone knows of accounting being one of the highest forms of artistic expression means accountants have a requirement the obligation a duty to share the tools necessary to properly channel the creative muse and the muse she rarely speaks more clearly than through the beautiful symmetry of spreadsheets so get the shirt because the creative muse she could use a new pair of shoes if you would like a commercial free experience consider subscribing to our website at accounting instruction dot com or accounting instruction dot think of it dot com here we are in our form 10 40 example problem using lasert tax software you don't need tax software to follow along but if you have access to tax software it's a great tool to run scenarios with you can also get access to forms schedules and instructions at the irs website irs.gov irs.gov hours starting point as usual we have our taxpayer adam tax man just trying to avoid a dang tax man living in 90210 Beverly Hills although we're focused on the federal side of things and not so much on the state side of things here we're going to start off with our point of focus being filing status the single filing status with no dependence on down below and then we have the income being reported we're going to be sticking to the basic income w2 income starting with a round number of 100,000 w2 income no itemized deductions therefore taking the standard deduction of in this case the 13850 so let's jump back over and look at our point of focus that being the filing statuses remembering that the types of filing statuses include married single head of household married filing joint qualifying surviving spouse now although this ordering is basically ordered from least favorable to most favorable that's not usually the way you're going to memorize them you're going to memorize them as saying are they married or not married if they're not married then the worst filing status would be single we're going to try to push them up to head of household if they have the requirements to do that do so which usually requires a dependent for that to be the case if they are married then we're going to try to work on the default of married filing jointly because that's usually the most beneficial filing status but if for whatever reason they want to file married filing separately they have the choice to do that in that case noting that married filing separate is not the same as single or head of household and then if there was a death of a spouse we would have the qualifying surviving spouse possible option after the year of death if they qualify which usually requires a dependent for example okay so let's start over now over here we'll also kind of map this out in our income tax formula in excel so our starting point we have income from a formula standpoint 100,000 we've got the standard deduction which we pulled from our worksheet down below 13850 and that means that we're taking the greater of the standard versus the itemized and so we then have the 100,000 minus the 13850 gives us this 86150 that should match what's on the tax return bottom line of page one in essence the income statement part of the tax return page two calculates the tax at 14266 in this case we plug that number in so there's our 14266 this number is going to populate as the average rate we have no other credits at this point or other taxes the payments that we have paid in 12,000 pulling in from our worksheet over here we're imagining it was on the w2 and then that pulls in here to leave us with a tax due or refund of 2266 and then the software calculated a penalty of $43 to get us to the 2309 that matches over here 14266 the 12,000 w2 that's the withholding that we're imagining was on the w2 and that gets us to the 2309 which is the 2309 here so that's going to be our starting point as the single filer notice that the single filing status is typically the worst filing status right because you can see down here with the standard deduction that if they if they're taking the standard as opposed to itemizing you only have the 13850 as opposed to the 27700 we'll talk more about the standard deduction in detail later but just as a general rule tying to the filing status then that's one reason the single would be the worst the other impact major impact you can have which is a little bit more hidden is in here with the tax calculations right because now you have the progressive tax system taxing at different layers of income and single is usually going to be the worst because the layers of incomes that were taxed at are going to often be the lowest now you might argue well yeah but if you go married all that's going to happen is these are going to double which makes sense because you have two people living together but still that's not usually what happens in real life right in real life you get the people get married because they're taking care of kids or family so it's not likely that the income is actually going to double most likely right because because you're going to have one of the spouses is probably going to be more occupied outside of revenue generation activities that's why married is a huge advantage sometimes especially to upper income individuals lower income individuals might have access to these tax credits which is which is why head of household is often could be a big a big tax status so let's say okay what would move someone up if they were not married what would move them up and taxed us well usually would be that they had a dependent a dependent that would be that would be here now again there's a lot there's some gray area in terms of what would qualify for head of household but usually you'd say okay now we have a dependent and so let's say to do a dependent and we're going to say this is Sam the kid and we're going to say this is going to be on 0 to 25 let's say 2 to and we'll say the social security number but but but but but but but but but but but and it's going to be the sun let's say 12 months a child living with taxpayer will talk about dependent who qualifies for dependent and so on and so forth later but if you see something like this if i go to the tax form and it says okay now it's still single but they have a dependent usually the tax software will give you a diagnostic and say hey look if there's a dependent maybe uh you should be changing the filing status to uh to head of household or like that's something that we should have in our mind as well we should be saying okay those two things should kind of link together and say oh well maybe then they qualify for head of household so i'd go back on over here and say all right let's bring it from single to head of household boom so now we're going to say that we have the status has changed to head of household and down here we have when that happens usually they will be a dependent when you put the dependent on the books it's going to have the social security number and whatnot now because uh the dependent is could have a significant tax implication the iris of course is going to want to track each individual person by social security number so if two people claim the same dependent uh then it's going to cause a problem because the iris already has the number if you file first then it's likely that your your tax return might go through whereas the other person that's claiming the dependent might have the tax bounce back although they can still file paper by paper possibly and then there's going to be an issue right with that whole thing so uh so notice what's going to happen to the to the calculations down here now we're at head of household 20 800 is the one in the middle so if i change that in my little worksheet over here i'm going to i'm going to now say that this bumped up to my 20 800 head of household which gives me in my formula 79 200 taxable income so you can see that's a benefit because it's decreasing the taxable income 79 200 and then if i go to page two i'll let the software calculate the tax 11 131 and then if i go into my worksheet here there we have our our our brackets now based on the head of household which looks like we have you know you have to update the brackets for the head of household and then so we had an impact lowering the taxable income because of the standard deduction and possibly an impact on the changes in the rates resulting in 11 131 of the tax so let's say okay i'm just going to type that in here 11 131 of the tax to do and then we also have the credits that populated from that so this is the child tax credit so this is another huge benefit we'll talk about credits more later but let's add that to our worksheet as we go now so now i've got these other credits now the child tax credit might have a refundable portion to it which we'll talk about uh possibly shortly but let's right now go to the payments and credits where we had the withholdings i'm going to pull this total down on the payments and credits is that the right line on them i want to just do the above the line credits let's do this one so i'm going to add another worksheet i'm going to put that after the income worksheet and i'm going to call it other credits i'll copy this i'm going to double click here and say other credits and then i'm going to format the whole worksheet put in my cursor on the triangle right click format the sales currency negative numbers and then no dollar sign no decimals close it up i'm going to put my cursor on there again and go to the home tab font group and border or bold it and then i'll put up top this is going to be other credits and i'm going to make that a header home tab uh font group i usually just make it black and white to show it's a header and then we're going to say this is going to be the child tax credit and i'm just going to do a basic calculation right now we might do it a little bit more in depth later but let's say this is child let's just say sam and then the maximum credit is going to be uh 2000 so i'll just i'll just plug in uh the 2000 here now we could have multiple children so i'm going to leave some space for later and we'll dive into it in more detail later home tab font group let's say that this is going to be bordered and i'm going to make it blue and then this is going to be the total child tax credit and we'll put that on the outside equals the sum of these boom and then i'm just going to say this is going to be other credits i'm going to sum this up here this is all we have and other credits right now so it's the 2000 that 2000 i'm going to pull into the first page now so this other credits is hard coded i'm going to say that's going to come from this other credits line item so so there we have the credit so this was our tax 11 131 minus the 2000 child tax credit which i'm pulling in from that other worksheet so the total tax is at the 9131 so now we're going to say okay 9131 is the total tax and i can kind of double check that and then my 12 000 of federal income tax was paid 12 000 now we have a refund situation so head of household had a significant impact right so 2869 2869 so that's going to be the general idea i know i'm doing this fairly quickly but just to give an idea now if the income was lower than 100 000 now now if they got if they got married at this point in time then your income is going to go higher you might still get but when it's lower that's when you get this the situation where you might have a tax detriment so let's let's first go back and say okay what if we go back to no dependent sam you're out of here and we're going to say okay and we're going to go back to single status single status and let's say that we roll this back to single is 13 850 and then and then the tax so single 86 150 86 150 the tax on page 2 then would be 14 266 so i'm just going to type in here 14266 and then we don't have any of the credit for other credits that's gone we took sam has has disappeared sam is gone or was never was never happened in the first place because he's going to happen in the future but wait a second we're going to tell the story differently so 2308 2308 okay and then we're going to say okay now they get married so now they get married and so we're going to say all right sam or adam gets married and so we're going to go okay so now we're going to go from single to married filing joint which is generally the case and got married to jane so there is that so okay and then we go back on over so now we have adam and jane no dependence status changed from single to married filing jointly no dependence at this time 100 000 for w2 income now you could say well jane could have earned 100 000 too and that's true i'm not and either one of them could have earned you know but but we're going to imagine now that they got married and they're basically maybe they're going to start a fair i don't know they're going to live on the same 100 000 right so there's two people you have to take that into consideration when you're saying okay what does mean for the taxes but the standard deduction jumped up to 27 700 of course because it doubled right so now we're going to say this jumped up to 27 7 so that means that now our taxable income is only 72 300 72 300 if i go to page number two then the tax also tax tables now significant change to the tax tables because we doubled all the tables too so so now that's a pretty nice deal and so now you're at the eight two three nine so eight two three nine instead of the 14 so eight two three nine is the tax and then the payment was 12 000 so down here payment was 12 000 so now you get this refund of the 37 61 37 61 now again you might say well yeah but they again the the income could be doubled because because they they got married and that and that's true but like i say it's often not the case where it totally doubles because usually one earns more than the other and then and then and then if they do have a family you would think that you wouldn't have equal earnings for both so so you could double it and check it out so that's kind of puts a wrench into the system but that's kind of good because it kind of incentivizes a family structure you would think let's check but let's take a look at another scenario let's say okay well what if what if we were going from head of household and and then you had a dependent so now we had a dependent let's go on over and add sam back again so we had sam as a dependent date of birth we're going to say o 222 social security did a dud dud dud dud and then relationship son okay son and then and then so there we have that and let's add one more uh uh sam and uh we'll just say tim i i don't know date of birth 0505 21 let's say social security number to dud dud uh relationship son okay okay and okay so let's see what that looks like if i go back on over to the form so now they so now they're they're from single head of household two dependents both qualifying children so now and and let's bring the income down let's say let's say the income is at like just say it's like 30 thousand and withholdings are 5 000 so now you got the 30 000 and then the the deduction is 20 800 so we're going to say okay deduction is going to be standard deduction 20 800 boom and then we're going to go okay and then the tap and so that gets us to the 9002 so that brings us to but this income needs to be what did i say the income was 30 000 and that brings me to the 9002 okay and then if i go to page number two the tax is only at the 923 here's the tax rates i let the system calculate the rates so 923 okay so 923 and then we have the the uh the child tax credit so notice the child tax credit is being restricted to the amount of income because it doesn't want to go below zero so now the child tax credit is just going to be the 923 now i could get fancy and try to calculate this but i'm just going to say 923 and just plug it in there because and just say okay i can see why that is because that brings the tax to zero but then you have a 5000 uh of that's the withholding but then you have these earned income credit of 4821 and the additional child tax credit of 3077 so i'm going to go into these in more detail so i'm just yet i'm letting the software calculate it right now but i just want to show you that obviously that's significant to a to lower income uh individuals right so if i was to say okay uh let's go over here and say that's going to be in this line item of payments and and other refundable credits let's just plug those two in i'm going to pull this down and say okay what if we had the the additional child tax credit and i'll make that a header black and white and i'm just going to say child one i will put the names child two i forgot their names already sam and i know them it's sam and whatever let's just add them together right now actually i'll just put them together because i don't want to get into it too much just say 3077 3077 we'll talk about the credit more later and then and then i'm going to say let's pull this down that'll give us the let's say total additional child tax credit is equal to the sum sam and tim that's what it was okay equals the sum equals the sum all right and then i'll make this blue border we'll make it blue and then we also have the earned income credit so i'm going to move this down and i'm just going to say earned income credit and i'll make this black and white black white and i'll get into it more later but i'll just make this blue for now blue bordered and i'll just let the software calculate it we'll talk more about it later 4821 4821 so total earned income credit is going to be equal to the sum brackets of those two so my total payments and credits if i sum out this outer column is now at 1998 pulling that into the first column 1998 could that be right that can't be right that because my withholdings are off let's go back my withholdings now changed to 5000 so now we're at 12898 so now i'm at 12898 12898 so you can see that's a significant quote refund in quote because you didn't actually owe any taxes right uh or that it took you down to this credit took it down to zero and then and then the 5000 was kind of like refunded but then this amount you know is over the top of that now if you if they if if there's a marriage situation then you can imagine that these you might lose those two because the whole the whole structure of the earned income tax credit and the child tax credit uh could could result in so if you had two people then that were in the exact same situation and they're they have this 12898 and then they got married then we'd say okay let's add and say this would be w 22 and let's say we had another 30 000 5000 and then jane is now they're now married married filing jointly and so now we have jane there so then now you're at adam jane uh married filing joint and and they both had let's say they both had well should i add the other two two more kids on it now let's just keep the two kids now they're at 60 000 and you're at the bottom line 32 000 on the taxable income so it does increase the head of household from 2008 to uh to 27 7 and then on page 2 we've got the tax calculated at 3439 and then now there was withholdings of 10 000 and notice there's a significant change in the the additional child tax credit in part because these two interplay with each other right so we have the child tax credit up here the additional child tax credit but notice the earned income tax credit has a significant impact on it as well so we have a refund of 10 561 10 561 versus before we had the 12 12 8 98 let's put them both to get let's let's imagine there was two dependents because they both got married and they both had two dependents so now they had four so they were in the exact same situation child one and let's just say this was date of birth was also 0 to 25 to 2 social security and then daughter let's say and then add another one so child 3 data birth 0 5 0 5 20 21 social security and then daughter let's say and so now and i know i'm doing this quickly but i'm imagining that now we had two people that were in the same exact situation we mirrored over here that got married going from head of household head of household for both of them to married filing jointly and so now they've got the four kids together they doubled their income from 30 000 to 60 000 because they're both working that brings the standard to 27 7 and then on page 2 we've got the tax calculated at the 3439 we've got the child tax credit which we'll talk more about later but it's 3434 to bring it down to zero we have the 10 000 withholdings now and then now we have the earned income credit but it's it's 710 it's significantly lower and then we have the additional child tax credit 4561 so we then have a refund of 15 271 so 15 15 271 versus before we would have had this times two possibly if i did that right i'm not i know i'm not i did this fairly quickly i'm not this is not an extensive snow i'm just showing that it could be possible if someone's getting married where you see a situation usually the marriage is beneficial to upper income individuals why because the brackets are better and the standard deduction generally works but when it gets really kind of messy and when you get into these refundable credits and may not be working out to be be beneficial between the two so you kind of have to you know take that into consideration these aren't these refundable credits can actually work against uh what you would think would be the normal tendency or or incentive of the tax code of marriage being you know maybe preferred in a family structure versus not right and that's kind of so it's interesting and we'll talk more about that later okay so that's so we've gone over we've gone over the the single the head of household and the married filing jointly now i'm not going to get into a lot of detail on the married filing separately they can choose to file married filing separately i just want to point out here that if that were the case though then you would have to make sure that you know if you're in a community property state or not to properly allocate the the income between the two because there could be significant differences as to how you would treat the separate filing if they were if they're in community property states or not but let me just show you this if i mark it over i said married filing separately now now run adam adam married filing separately notice it has to put jane here it's still listing jane so if you check married filing separate enter the name of the spouse because again the tax code still wants to know uh who the spouse is so they can check the other side of basically uh what is going on we left everything else in essence of the same here on page two there could be a significant impact on the credits here uh such as especially the refundable credits because the iris is going to be skeptical of allowing you to take to take credits if you go to married filing separately because the idea would be if if the iris was not skeptical then you could take advantage of it by saying whoever's the higher income earner i'm going to put them here and then i'm going to put put the children on the other tax return so that possibly they can get the earned income tax credit you can see a similar thing that people would try to do if you had a situation where you had uh where you had the itemized deduction if one person has itemized deductions and they're taking the itemized deductions and then they try to file separately so that the other person is taking the standard deduction you can see how that would be kind of manipulative of the tax returns and those are also implications that it might be the case that if they were if they were separate and file and filing as head of household then they then then it might have been beneficial to them in that case from a tax perspective right but when you're married the iris doesn't want to allow you to do tax planning by manipulating the money and the phaseouts between the two people so you're going to lose some benefit so there's a significant difference then if you're single then the question is you would like to go to head of household if you could if you're married then you can't go back to single or head of household unless you get separated or divorced typically your only option is to say married filing joint and that's a choice that you can make and may be applicable in some cases but usually it's going to be less beneficial and it's certainly not the same thing as not being married right you cannot go back you can't say i'm married but i'm going to have the same exact benefits for taxes as if i'm single or head of household because because the iris is going to be skeptical again that you're kind of gaming the system and manipulating the income all right and then the qualifying surviving spouse i won't get into that one well i could check it off if i go back on over here we'll just say let's just check it off here because we're running long qualifying surviving spouse and then the spouse had died right so so now you've got the qualified surviving spouse so what would happen then well if adam's wife died in the year of 2023 then you would think they would still be filing married filing joint or possibly married filing you know usually married filing joint in that case right and and then in the year after if there were qualifying children then then you might file for the qualifying surviving spouse and you can see that if you were to do that you get the benefit of in this case the 27 700 for the for the married filing joint status meaning you get that you get the same benefits as if married even though you're basically not married at that point because your spouse died within the last two years and then on page two you get the tax benefits of of still the brackets as though married even though again that the person died in the last couple of years so that's the general idea so quick recap if they're not married then they would be single or they want to go up to married to head of household but it could only do this so if they qualify typically needing a dependent if they are married then they can't go back to single or head of household unless divorced or separated but would prefer usually to file married filing joint unless there's some weird circumstance where they want to file married filing separate and you want to be careful of those situations noting the rules in the state that you're in whether that be a community property state or not if a spouse dies while married then in the year of death they would still be married filing joint because there would be income or they would be together at least for part of the year and then in the following years the question would be do they bounce back to single or head of household or rather can they get the qualifying surviving spouse which basically puts you in the same status as if married even though you're now basically widowed or widowed or whatever at that point


Different English words that are pronounced the same from espressoenglish.net. The noun, board, means a flat piece of wood, like in the picture. The adjective, board, means not interested. A phase, spelled P-H-A-S-E, is a temporary period of time or a stage of development. If something doesn't phase you, it means it doesn't bother you or make you uncomfortable.  In the picture you can see some veins in this person's arm. The word vein, an adjective, can describe someone who is very proud of or obsessed with their own appearance. It can also describe something that did not produce the desired result. If you say something was in vein, it means it didn't work and the effort was wasted. Air, spelled A-I-R, is the substance of the atmosphere, a mixture of oxygen, nitrogen, and other gaseous elements. An air, spelled H-E-I-R, the H is silent, is a person. When somebody dies, they can designate an air to receive the dead person's assets, money, and possessions. Wine is an alcoholic drink that is made from grapes. The picture shows a glass of red wine. The verb wine means to complain in an immature, childish way. An animal's tail is a part of its body that extends from its posterior. The word tail, spelled T-A-L-E, refers to a report, narrative, or story. Feet, spelled F-E-E-T, is the plural of foot, a part of your body, and also a unit of measurement. The word feet, spelled F-E-A-T, refers to a remarkable accomplishment or active skill. A pier is a person of similar social status as you. The verb pier means to look intently at something. We also have the word pier, spelled P-I-E-R, which refers to a platform that extends over water and is supported by pillars. It is used to provide access to ships and boats. To cite someone's words means to quote or refer to the words, to say or write what the other person or the book said. The word sight, spelled with an S, means a location, either a physical place or a website.  Although these words aren't pronounced exactly the same, the T sounds like a fast D when spoken quickly, so they can get confused. Metal is a substance that has a shiny surface and conducts electricity like gold, silver, copper, iron, and steel. A metal is a flat and usually round piece of metal, which is given as an award. In the Olympics, the winning athletes receive medals. In this picture, you can see metal with a T on the left and a gold metal with a D on the right. The word metal means courage and spirit, often shown in a battle, conflict, or difficulty. And the verb metal means to interfere in someone else's life or business in an annoying and unwelcome way. If you want to learn more confusing words in English, check out the e-book and audio, 600 Plus Confusing English Words Explained, available at espressoenglish.net.