thank you very much for the introduction. I would like to thank the organizers for the opportunity to speak. So today I'm going to present a partial holomorphic isomorphism between two modular spaces. So we have the modular space, the dolbo modular spaces, and I'm briefly going to define of stable hex bundles and the deramodulized spaces of irreducible connections, and they are related by the nono-billion-hodge correspondence that is the diffeomorphism. So what I'm going to do, I'm going to explain a partial holomorphic isomorphism between these, mainly between Lagrangians. So that would be a holomorphic Lagrangian correspondence by holomorphic between each of these stratification. And moreover, I'm going to, in the end, I'm going to make a definition of the semi-classical limit via geometrical definition. So first I'm going to start by introducing the notation and maybe some of the I will spend some time reminding the old results. So all of this talk is going to be with the group SLN of C, maybe I will use SLR of C, and C will be a projective algebraic smooth curve. Oh, I'm sorry, this is the most important part. So yeah. And so I'm going to choose a spin structure, and that is going to be L, a line bundle, so that L squared is canonical. And because I'm working with this group, my vector bundles, well, I'm going to use both the notation C and V to denote holomorphic vector bundles of rank R and degree 0. But also phi is going to be a traceless fixed field. So let me briefly mention these two moduli space. So on one side we have the double moduli space consisting of stable Higgs pairs, and phi is a map from E to E tensor KC, canonical, that is an OSEA homomorphism. And then I want to introduce also the diromoduli space consisting of irreducible connections. And nabla is a map from E to E tensor KC, that is a C homomorphism. So these two spaces are homeomorphic by the non-Abelian hodge. Let me also briefly mention the heating vibration. So we have the dolbo moduli space, and we have a vibration over the yaw-fine space, the vector space consisting of all the sections of the polar canonical, and in this case I consider traceless Higgs fields. So it's mainly going to map these stable Higgs into the spectral data determined by the characteristic polynomial of phi, and this is an element in the heating base. Excuse me, these irreducible connections are they flat or not? Flat. It's a homomorphic, yes. Okay, so this is this is the general framework, and next what I'm going to do is to introduce the there are two Lagrangians in this space that mainly give a kind of affine parameterization of the heating base, and one will be called the heating section, and the other one will be the open moduli. So before, because I kind of talked about this a while ago, I this maybe I just, oh no, maybe I'm just good. So mainly I want to define the section inside the heating moduli space, inside the dolbo moduli space. So what I will consider are vector bundles, they are split bundles, so they split in, these are line bundles, powers of the canonical bundle, half canonical, and x minus is this matrix consisting and p is just constant. So x minus is a matrix with just non-zero constants on one diagonal lower, and x plus is going to be the transpose, so you will have the same diagonal upper, and it's going to be the commutator between these two, x plus and x minus, so that will make a diagonal matrix consisting of values, I mean, decreased by two every step. And these are the generators of the SL2 representation to SLR, and now if I consider q to be, oh, to be a section here, I mean to be just a vector here, this means that it has components, and it consists of differential, q2 will be a quadratic differential and so on, qR will live in, will be a section of the purely canonical, and now the elements of the hitching section consist of E0, so they always have this split vector bundle, and phi of q that consists of x minus, and I'm going to add, so x plus will be nilpotent, so this means that the power will cancel, so all the powers will actually go one diagonal, will go one diagonal, and I will just multiply by q's each of those diagonals, so that will be my phi of q, that is just an, well, has an upper triangular, upper triangular part, and lower diagonal consisting of this just constant, and it is not difficult to see that actually this is a stable kick bundle, and in fact, x minus is a stable kick bundle on E0, so it's a point on the dolbomodular space, and this is known as the hitching section, and it is a section of this vibration in the sense that it intersects every fiber of this once, it's a, it's a section on, in rank two, but otherwise it's just intersect the fiber once, but if you apply it twice, it doesn't give you identity, so now I want to introduce another Lagrangian inside the Dirac moduli space, that is the upper moduli, so I just wrote a definition of the upper, and this consists of a filtration of vector sub bundles, and the Bellison-Dreamfield definition says that nabla is a, a connection is an upper, if, well, I'm using the decreasing filtration, if it satisfies the Griffith transversality condition, and this will induce an OC linear map, and this means a Higgs bundle, on the quotients, and the condition is that that is isomorphism, so this being an isomorphism implies that, that discussions are, that, that this is a full flag, so, so the, the rank goes every step by one, but yeah, so what I'm going to, what I'm, maybe I'm just going to briefly introduce now a new definition, so let me define here, for, for any lambda in age one of ckc, so this is just a complex number, I want to define a one-parameter family of filtered extension, to be f lambda disfiltration, this is the vector bundle, and maybe I'll just write it in words, so I, I do have a full, a full flag, and the, the, the, the last condition is fulfilled, so I do have an isomorphism between the ratios, tensor kc, and finally I want to mention a starting point, and the starting point of this, I want to mention the first one here is going to be just the power of the half canonical, so it's just going to be this, so for example, in, in, in r equals to 2, I have that for every lambda, a complex number, then there exists a unique filter extension like this, that is given by the short exact sequence. Sir, lambda doesn't play in your old definition, lambda plays no role at all, yeah? Uh, well, the, so, uh, it extensions, yes, it, it extension classes, so, so, so, so many this, this, this will give the first, this will give the first ratio, and then by this condition, that is quite a strong condition, you can compute all the ratios, so this will be like the first, and then what I'm going to do, I'm going to sandwich, like in rank two, and construct another in another exam, another in another filtered extension, and right, so I want the, the, the last one to be, to be the, the last term, the, the vector model to be the last term of the extension, um, and, uh, because I want to, I want to, to consider one example, let me introduce one definition, um, so, uh, um, I'm going to recall, projective coordinate system, so many, if, if, if my ruin surface, uh, decomposes into a union of, of, of open sets, then I want that the transition functions, these are the coordinates on the open set, are going to be given by mobius transformations, and such a, such projective coordinate system always exists, because, for example, one comes from the universal, uh, covering, that is just the upper half plane, uh, so let me, and, and this matrix, I'm, I'm asking to be in SL2 of C, this matrix, say, B, C, D, alpha, beta, SL2, so I'm going to introduce coordinates now, and I'm going to introduce Z alpha beta to be transition functions. So the last one has a beta, but there's no beta, it's your sound, the last beta, it's a B, B, alpha. No. It's, it's a coordinate change. It's called a change, I understand. The matrix, say, B, C, D, beta, so it's a beta, we change from Z beta to 0. So that makes a good sense. So this is the, the mobius code. The transformation is a little bit better for this. Yeah, fine. As, as, as, as, yeah, so that there exists, so, so the universal covering is the upper half plane, and if you take Z, the local parameter here, this will induce on this Riemann surface such a coordinate system, but you'll, you'll have many of them. You will. I'm very good at this. Yeah. So, so. Yeah. Okay. Okay. So this is a definition. That's a definition. So, so Z alpha beta are the transition function for half canonical, and mainly they are linear in Z beta, so in particular the first derivative will, will vanish. Okay, now I can maybe state some theorems. Maybe. Yeah. So theorem one, this, this was, was proofed with Motoki-Kombolase 2017, I think, is that for any lambda, that is a complex number, then there exists a unique, non-trivial one-parameter family of filtered extensions for F lambda, this is a filtration, this is a vector space, for the vector space being, I'm going to denote V, that is, for, for, for this E0, that, that was that direct sum of line of half canonical powers of. So this is a statement about the filtration, and now I want to put some connections on this filtration. This is a theorem two, and maybe, maybe I'm going to, yeah, I'm going to, to mention some things. So I can, I can, I will give you the, the, the transition functions for this V lambda. So let, let me recall F alpha beta gamma to be the transition functions. This is lambda, maybe it wasn't a good notation. To be defined as exponential of h times logarithm of z alpha beta times exponential of lambda times d log of z alpha beta times x plus, so this is, so, so, so these are the transition functions for V lambda. And the second part of the, the statement says that, well, yeah, when, well, this is, the, at zero, you just get back, I mean, this will make the transition function for, for E0, that is also my notation of E0. And finally, that, that d plus one over lambda times a h times, times, so, so, if I start with any element on the hitching section, then, then this is an upper on the V lambda. On the, okay, so maybe, I mean, so, so this is a statement of filtration, this is a statement about actually, well, you can quite identify this filtration. So maybe, I mean, this, this, this first matrix, I mean, sometimes probably we denoted it like z alpha beta to dh to be, to consist of exponential of h times logarithm, logarithm of z alpha beta, and this is just the diagonal matrix consisting of just, yeah, this powers on the diagonal. So this is the first part. And the second part, the second part consists of, of, of another matrix that has well identity on the diagonal, and, and on, on, on, on each of other, on each of, of upper diagonal entries will have powers of the lambda plus the, the derivative of z alpha beta.  As I said, these, these are linear, so that will be just, just a constant. So when you'll, when you'll, when you'll multiply these two, you're just going to see a matrix that has these entries on the diagonal and then upper, and then, yeah, and then upper, consisting of the derivative and powers of lambda. Okay, so now I want to, I want to talk about something that is in between these pictures. And I will come back on these theorems. So maybe, maybe I'm going to use this part here. So I'm going to introduce the notion of, well, I'm going to talk about heart-modulite space. So let me introduce this heart-modulite space of lambda connections consisting of lambda, a vector bundle, maybe I'm going to call it a lambda, and then the connection here. So this is the modulite space of the lean lambda connection. The rule is that the, the, the, the light-lit rule, the lambda, like, like, light-lit rule is that this is lambda times df times s plus f times ds of s, and f is just a holomorphic function, and s is just, just a section of the, of the vector bundle. Yeah, usually, yeah, I, I like to use the notation v lambda for the connections, but it's okay. Is that a, is that a one-half or one over lambda? It's one over lambda. So lambda's not zero. Sorry? So we're saying lambda's not zero. Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, this is, yeah, yeah, so I'm going to, to, is one over lambda, sorry, I'm going to, so this is right now a family of, yeah, I'm going to, to come back on this. So lambda is not zero, okay, so, so, so, so, so the delin put these two definitions of the Higgs bundle and connection into this definition of the lambda, of the delin lambda connection via this. And we can notice, I mean, when lambda is zero, then you have this, this becomes a Higgs bundle while if lambda equals to one, it becomes a connection. So we should think about this as being, I mean, this, if, if, if here is the moduli space, if this is the moduli space of the, if the, this is the dolbo moduli space and this is the DRAM moduli space, this is kind of in between. So this corresponds to lambda equals zero, this is the fiber over lambda equals to zero, so it's lambda inverse of zero and this is the fiber over lambda equals to one. And in, in between there are these lambda connections. Now there, there exists a, this is the reaction on the Higgs field on the, on the dolbo moduli space, but mainly it will be induced from the c star action on the hot moduli space. So let me talk about this. So we have a c star action on the hot moduli space and the way it acts, I'm going to take t and non-zero parameter and look at the connection and I'm going to send it well into this. And the fixed points of this section will be the ones that are left invariant under, under this c star action. So you can see that this happens if, this happens if, if, if t, if, if lambda is zero. So these fixed points happen if and only if lambda t is t is lambda, so this means lambda is zero. So, so, so, so the fixed points are Higgs bundles and they're, they're noted as hot bundles. So I'm going to, so, so this is the, this is, this denotes the c star fixed points on the c star action on the hot moduli space. So now probably I want to, I want to look at one example. Maybe I'm just going to write here. So I have this exercise that, that I did maybe two days ago. So I'm going to save this notation above. So this is a remark. So I'm going to start with phi of q on the Higgs section and then, then I have the following. That lambda v of lambda and d lambda plus phi of q is a lambda connection. So this guy that appeared here if you multiply by lambda is just a lambda connection. The second statement is that e0 comma x minus, so e0 was, oh no, e0 was, e0 was the split vector bundle into, into half canonical powers and x minus was this constant, lower that, yeah, and diagonal below is a fixed point for, yeah, is, is the, for this lambda connection. The, the, the third part is that the limit when t approaches 0 of t times lambda v, lambda and lambda d plus phi of q. So these are just these uppers, but now they became lambda connections. It's just, well, the same point is the same point. And finally, the fact that, the fact that the graded hodge bundle associated to this, to this lambda connection is, is, is going to be e0 and x minus. So these are some statements we can easily check. So what, I mean, the way, the way to see this, what the sister action does, well, I'm, I'm just, I'm, I'm just going to apply the theorems above in order to, to prove this statement. So that alpha beta we said that these were the transition functions for half canonical. And, sorry. What's the difference between two and three? Or, or maybe what is the meaning of two? Yeah, I mean, yeah, oh, this is the, the fixed point.  It's okay. It's okay. No, no, it's okay, I just don't know what's happening. So, um, it's okay, I'll update by t equal to zero limit. Yeah, so, right, right, three, it's okay. Right, I mean, but I, I will mention in the end that, that, that this will be the same thing. But, you know, I just wanted to, to give you the, the computation here. Okay, so that alpha beta are the transition functions for, for this. So I can take like a times that alpha beta where a is a non-zero constant. And this will be the same transition, I mean, the transition function for that. So, um, maybe I'm going to denote like f alpha beta and this is the a lambda. And these are the transition function corresponding to this, to this v, v lambda.  So it will be killed by the, by the d. So you'll have the same thing, but only the, the first part will be affected in the first statement of the theorem. So for example, I'll, I'll take that, I'll have that x of h times log of a times that alpha beta will just be the sum between, uh, uh, will, will be the product, sorry, the sum and then the product between this. So for example, this will be probably my notation a to the h and this. So, so, so, so, so I'm just, I'm just saying that this is just going to be a to the h and this is just, this diagonal matrix that has just powers of a on the diagonal and then f alpha beta, the old ones. And this just comes from here. Okay, so when, when I, when I write, I mean, I'm going to take, um, so I'm, I'm going to act by t and when, when I write my, my t times phi, t times phi in this new transition function, probably what, what, what will happen is that I have to multiply by this new, uh, a to the h and have to conjugate by that. So this will, this will give you that, so it's the same Higgs field, t of phi, but it's written as, um, a, uh, a to t, uh, and then phi of a to 2i minus 2 times qi. So this, this is just the vector q. I mean q, q consists of the vector qi of the, uh, differentials and it's just going to have this, this constant. So, so if, if, if, yeah. Um, so, um, so, so for example, if q is equal to zero, um, then, then if you look at the definition of the Hitching section, this will, phi of q will be just, uh, phi of zero will be just x minus. So, um, sorry. What happened to be it? It, it, it reads to H into, what is zeta? Zeta alpha beta, there is something. Is it alpha beta? Ah, no, no, it was, for first term, it was written. No, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no. Yeah, yeah, yeah, so, so, so, uh, nothing. So, yeah, I mean, oh yeah. It's good. Okay, so, um, so if, uh, if, if, if, if this q is the, is, is, is the origin of the Hitching base, then, then, then, then this is just x minus. And you can see here that for, if, if you choose a to be the square root of t, then this is going to be mapped in the same, in the same point. So, therefore, this x minus comma e zero is a c star fixed point for, for q equals to zero. Um, while, if, if q is non equal to zero, uh, then, um, if, if you choose again, equals to the square root of t, um, then what, what, what will happen here is that this will be just phi of, of, um, and then this will be t i minus one q i. So, when you take the limit when t equals to zero, now the q's will be, uh, will be killed. So, the only one surviving will be x minus. So, this proves that the limit, um, when t approaches zero, of this is going to be the same point. Yeah? Because, uh, because, because i is going to be bigger, you call them two in my notation. So, all the differentials will come with t times q two, and then t squared, q three, and so on. So, you can take the limit at zero and obtain this q minus. So, this proves, um, I mean, one, just is a reformulation of the first theorem, and this proves two and three together. Um, and now you can use probably theorem number one to prove four, and I probably will not do that, but I can explain how to do it. Uh, is it okay for questions? So, uh, what is the graded hot bundle? Well, yeah, probably. So, um, I would have to compute the ratios of this, uh, filtration. And if you remember the definition of the, this one parameter family, a filtered extension, this came with this fixed ratios. So, these fixed ratios in the end, they were known and there were powers of the half canonical. So, um, so to compute a, um, yeah. So, so it's, it's an easy computation to see that, uh, that the associated, the graded hot bundle from, from theorem, consequence of theorem number one, uh, of, of this is, is, is just this. Because, uh, because, yeah, you, you will have that, you will have that at each, each step, you'll have to take these ratios that will be like, um, um, k, uh, half canonical k to r minus one or r minus three and so on. And then you'll have to twist by the canonical. So, that will be an isomorphism. In the end, and this x minus says that you have just this, a constant on lower diagonals and they will give you the isomorphism between this. Okay. So, this was just an exercise in order, um, for, yeah, to, uh, to get, uh, um, in order to, to get some terminology. Um, okay. So, let me, let me mention some theorems now. Yes. Yeah, uh, they, so, so here it is just, uh, uh, yeah, then, um, exterior derivative. Yeah. But did we, did we choose some special property of the, of the transition functions or any, which is any transition function? It's a canonical shift. So, the excess. So tomorrow at the start, we chose some transition function, some arch, the S alpha beta. Is this going to depend on the choice when you have the F alpha beta and the S alpha beta? Uh, S alpha beta. Or is it the L, I don't know. Oh, zeta. Yes. Uh, it, so, so it's going to, to probably depend on the spin choice, right? Or, so this zeta alpha beta came from the, yeah, spin structure, but you choose just the core, the projective coordinates. Do you need a solution of hidden divisions to start somewhere? No, no, it's projective structure. Right. Projective structure. Right, I'm not using the solutions here. You get symmetric power of S2, two dimensional presentation, you get flat connection, yeah. I mean, here, here, on, on this board, I kind of defined everything I needed for this. Ah, you started with a complex progressive structure? Yes. Yes, yes, yes. That was the, right. So, if you choose a different complex, a regression structure, you'll have a different base point there, is that it? Yeah, yeah, yeah. Okay. Okay, so let me now measure some theorems. Um, maybe, maybe I'll just theorize this board. Um, okay, so, so, so, so, so theorems, and this is mainly the work of Carlos Simpson, um, is that for every lambda v lambda, that is a hot bundle, um, so for any lambda-dealing connection, then there exists, um, or maybe I should say to fix a lambda first. Fix a lambda on the base. So I'm just going to fix a lambda and look at the fiber. And I, I will choose, uh, uh, lambda-dealing connection, then there exists a unique section. C star goes to the hot module I space, passing through lambda v lambda and the connection. The, the limit when t goes to zero always exists, fixed. Um, so for, um, let me, let me just denote, uh, m dolbo of c star consisting of these fixed points, p alpha, where alpha is a class of variation of hot structure. Then for any, for any point, p zero here, then um, if, if I look at the inverse, I mean, if I look at all the points that are, uh, all the lambda, yeah, all, all the points that are fixed under, under this section in p zero, and I restrict to lambda equals to one, this is a holomorphic Lagrangian. Oh, that's a different sigma, right? You use a sigma for section. Yeah, yeah. Uh, sorry. No, no, so you just on the left, you say sigma of c star. Oh, and now it's sigma, it's something else. Right. Number two, you meant sigma. Section is not sigma. You just confuse the notation. Yeah, sorry. I, I, I just switched the, the, all notations in terms of h bar and sigma, uh, just, just, just before. Yeah, yeah, you can erase that sigma over there. Here. Oh, here. But then what? Sigma is a number two math. Limit, limit. Oh, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, um, yeah, yeah, yeah. So maybe this one. Section in harmonic section. No, maybe c star invariant section. Yeah, yeah, it's a c star invariant section. So, so, okay, so, um, what, what do I want to say? Sigma of lambda whatever is equal to that limit. Yeah, this is the sigma, yeah. Okay. So all, all the points that are fixed under this, um, all the, so for, for any, so, so, so, so, so here I have the set of all the fixed points that live in the dolbo. And for every point here, I look at the, um, at all the points that get fixed under this. And this, this will be a holomorphic Lagrangian. And this will, will, will give the stratification of the Dirac modular space. So this is a holomorphic Lagrangian vibration. Um, so all the points that are c star fixed points under this, under this action. Okay. So, so, so there exists, uh, there is the, this, uh, Lagrangian vibration on the, on the DRAM and you can do the same thing and restrict mainly to, to the lambda zero and you'll obtain, uh, vibration for, um, um, so maybe I'm going to, to just write it that if you restrict to lambda equals to zero, you'll obtain again, uh, Lagrangian vibration of the dolbo modular space. So these are all the Higgs bundles that have that correspond, I mean, that are in the fiber that have this, the, the same Higgs, uh, point. So, um, okay, so, so more, more over, this is a holomorphic Lagrangian on the dolbo modular space. So the modular space, the dolbo modular space breaks into this p alpha of, uh, uh, uh, into, into this, this is a sort of, a holomorphic stratification of Lagrangians. Okay. So maybe now I can, I can mention the, the theorem. So the theorem, um, Can I point out one thing which is the, the idea that that would be like some kind of vibration, I think that's a connection. Of, of, of, uh, sorry, of the DRAM or of, of the DRAM, okay. Okay. I mean, it's in, the subspaces are Lagrangian, but that's what this should mean. It's a vibration by holomorphic Lagrangian. No, it's not holomorphic, it's not holomorphic, it's not holomorphic. The idea, the, the statement that those are closed submarines, for example, is, is just a conjecture. They're not closed here, but they're, uh, it's just a conjecture that they're closed here. Okay. Yeah. I see. So maybe buy for the morphic Lagrangian. Yes. Yes. That's everything in here on the other side. Well, they're, they're not, they're not closed. Well, I mean, I don't think it's correct to say, I mean, those subriders are not closed in that, on the dolbo. So I'm not sure what vibration means, but I mean. Okay. Then, then, then I just, I just leave that holomorphic Lagrangian. Yeah. Okay. So, so, so the theorem, um, and this is with Laura Fredrickson, Josh Kidonakis, uh, um, Rafa Maceu, Motohikom Ulasen, and Tinecki in, maybe it was 2016. Was that, uh, this, uh, so, so if, if, if, if I restrict to P zero, that is E zero X minus, and we proved in that lemma that this is a fixed point, right? This is the fixed point. I mean, um, and what the, this is a fixed point of the hitching section on the dolbo and also on the, on the upper moduli. So this is what that lemma says. Then, then, then these two, that these two Lagrangians are by holomorphic. So this is this X four. When lambda equals to zero are by holomorphic via Gaioto conformal limit, Gaioto's conformal limit. Yeah, we, we basically, we basically, yeah, so this correspondence between the, the, the, the, the, the Higgs bundle on the hitching section and, and, and this upper and that this is the limit of the, this is the conformal limit of Gaioto. Okay. And moreover, it was generalized by Colliar and Wentworth a year ago to all such fixed points. So this is the theorem Colliar Wentworth, 2018, that for any point, um, that is a fixed point under this C star action, um, then, and then the alpha variation of host structure, then there exists a by holomorphic correspondence between, so these two fibers, these two Lagrangians now, uh, one on the dolbo side and the other one on the Uram side are by holomorphic Lagrangians via Gaioto's conformal limit. And this Gaioto's conformal limit is explicit. So you can see from this, um, so you can see that, and, and the methods here that were used are similar to the methods that were used, uh, uh, by us in, uh, yeah, I have very short time, um, are similar to, is similar to our technique. And you can see that in, in, in that case, this corresponds to the longest, to the full flag, like the, uh, I mean the very, the, the upper corresponds to the full flag. And, um, um, you can, you, I, I, I, I can try to explain, for example, uh, the, on, on the opposite side, you have the shortest flag when E is a stable hex, uh, when, when E is a stable vector bundle. So if for a stable vector bundle E, then you have that E phi, um, is in the Dolbo modular space, uh, for any phi. So if it's just a stable vector bundle, then this is a stable hex field for any phi. And E comma zero is the fixed point. But you have the cotangent fiber of E over the modular space of stable vector bundles of rank card and degree zero that is contained in the Dolbo. And it's a Lagrangian. So this will be the corresponding Lagrangian. And, um, for every stable hex, uh, for, for every stable, uh, vector bundle, there exists a unique Hermitian Einstein metric. And once you take T to be the turn connection corresponding to that Hermitian Einstein metric, uh, the unique turn connection, uh, then you get this maybe by Narasimha Shashadri, E corresponds to D. And mainly the fact that E was a vector bundle of, um, of degree zero, it tells you that, that this has curvature zero. So mainly the solution of Kitchin's equation split kind of the couple into the curvature zero part. And then the part where five, uh, the, yeah, the phi and phi dagger is zero and that can be done, uh, uh, because yeah, uh, phi can be, uh, diagonal alone on this, uh, Einstein Hermitian metric. So this is kind of a short proof for these opposite cases, uh, in the case of stable vector bundle and in the case of uppers. And in between it's, it's, uh, it, the proof is very similar. Um, anyway, so maybe, um, maybe, maybe I'll try to, I'll try to, to give the general picture here. So, so this is the double and this is the DRAM. Here, um, well, here, here is, uh, is the corresponding Lagrangian of the, uh, Dolbo and the DRAM. And you have this kind of slice in the hot bundle. Um, but this, this, this is saying that, that, that, that this is just trivial. So it's going to be a product between C and then, uh, one of these, uh, Lagrangians. So, um, if I want to define, um, uh, let's say a semi, a geometric, semi-classical limit, I can, I can start from a lambda connection, go to, uh, to the, to the Dolbo side by this and then project on the pitching base. So that is, uh, that is a geometry definition of a semi-classical limit. There is another definition coming from physics. When, uh, this is more like the limit when each part goes to zero of, yeah, I can try to define a semi-classical limit of this. And the theorem is that these two agree, these two definitions agree on modular space of uppers. And that was so that, yeah. So maybe I can, I can define a map from the DRAM to the pitching base via this, um, uh, well, stratification or that is trivial and, uh, this, sorry. Yeah. Uh, it's, it's, it's, yeah, it's a holomorphic pro, it's probably on, on each slice or, um, it's, it's, it's not on, on the whole thing. It's not on the whole thing, but it's probably holomorphic. I mean, it's between these Lagrangians, but it's, yeah. So probably going to be on the slice or. But it's not on the whole, this is not holomorphic on the whole modular space. And here, yeah. So probably we'll stop here. Thank you. I have a question, which is, so at the, at the start, you got a similar type of correspondence, but it depends on the choice of base point that was the projective, how much projective structure, right? You have an idea, because this one depends on the solution and vision equations, right? Uh, right, right. I mean, it goes through, yeah. So do you have an idea of how those two compare?  I mean, this is also explicit. Yeah. I mean, yeah. Well, I guess this, yeah, I, well, I, I think it's a similar formula to that D plus one over lambda of five. So here you, it's not the same. Maybe it's the same if, is it the same if the complex projective structure is the one given by the, by the uniformization? Yes. Yeah, good. That's exactly the case. Yes. But so if the complex projective structure is not the one given by the uniformization, then do you have a comparison, uh, between them? And for example, is it going to be linear on this, on this vector space? I don't know. Yeah. I don't know.


What is data cabling? Data cables are a crucial part of any IT infrastructure. Without data cables, you would be unable to transmit data between two points. For example, from a server to an individual PC. Accordingly, you need the right data cables for your specific needs to remain productive. But the world of data cables can be complex. There are many different categories available and understanding which one is best for you can be difficult. Getting to grips with data cables is important, so let's look at how you can make the right choice. What types of data cables are there? There are three main types of data cables available. Twisted pair. These data cables use a pair of twisted copper cores and are mostly found in telecommunications. The purpose of this twisted construction is to minimize any degradation to the signal. One of the twisted cores is used to transmit information while the other acts as a grounding wire. Typically, a CAT 6 cable, which uses the twisted pair design can carry data over 100 meters without any signal degradation. Coaxial. Most commonly seen in older IT infrastructures, coaxial cables have high bandwidths and are capable of carrying high frequency signals. These cables use a solid wire at their center as a conductor, which is within an insulator, and then an outer conductor is used to create a functioning circuit. This type of cable is popular in digital telephone networks due to the amount of data they can carry. Fiber optic. One of the newer forms of data cabling, fiber optic cabling has brought revolutionary technology to cabling. Fiber optic cables use beams of light to transmit data and consist of an inner core and outer cladding. The cables are lightweight and capable of transmitting data over distances of up to 10 kilometers and at maximum speeds of 10 gigabits per second. Fiber optic cables are most used within telecommunications, cable TV, and local area networks. A commonly asked question is whether Ethernet cables are the same as data cables. The answer to this comes down to terminology. The term Ethernet refers to a local area network rather than a specific cable. Any data cable used within such a network can technically be referred to as an Ethernet cable. Data cabling installation. One of the best methods to adopt when it comes to data cabling is the structured cabling approach. This method uses patch panels and trunks to build an infrastructure, whereby subsystems can be set up to support multiple hardware uses. Most importantly, structured cabling is scalable and makes future expansion much easier. These cabling systems can integrate twisted pair, coaxial, and fiber optic, although these different categories cannot directly connect with each other and make it a versatile option. The installation of data cabling, whether it is structured or the more traditional point-to-point method, is a complex undertaking. Rather than taking this on yourself, it pays to bring in the services of a professional. Not only will they be able to deliver an installation which operates to a high standard, but the stress that they save you will be invaluable. For further assistance or a free survey, please email or call on the details below, and click like and subscribe if you have enjoyed this video.


Three two one hello and welcome back to the craft box My name is Brent and today I have the utmost pleasure to announce that I am doing a pirate 101 quiz night here in the Kraken skulls tavern in Skull Island on The 30th of October at 4 p.m. US central time It will also be streamed on my twitch which is linked in the description below But above that link you will find a sign-up sheet for all of you and your friends up to four people max To enter to see if you can win the grand prize of 30,000 crowns each and a hood of under leech If you think you can answer trivia questions that I come up with better better than everybody else you should enter It's gonna be fun There's also prizes for second and third lots of crowns to give away and also spot prizes So in case you don't want to enter to win the big prize and you're just joining us in twitch chat You can also play and receive prizes as well, but otherwise hope to see you there


Hi everyone, Joe for JaspysCaseBreaks.com coming at you with a repack product that we curated just for you. It's the Jaspys for the collectors. Repack box break number two, random team very number two with that hit list promo right there which we'll talk about in a second. We sold 37 spots, everyone gets two random teams for that from the list below. So it's about 25, 30 cards for box, a lot of great stuff, some rookies, blah, blah, blah, nothing too crazy but a fun break. Remember two spots for that, so about 35 bucks a team or something like that. Nothing too crazy but a fun break for collectors who want to try to add maybe some great graded stuff to their collection for a decent price and obviously not everyone's going to hit but if you do, I think you should be pretty happy for the most part I would say. If you don't hit, guess what? We take that list of hit list people, put them all together in one list, right? One sad times list, randomize those names, top two names, get $50 of break credit each, so a little consolation prize going your way. Keep in mind it's a limited run, so at some point all of these teams are represented in cases one through 12, right? But as we get to the last few cases, you know, obviously there's going to be not all the teams are going to be represented when we get toward the end. All right, so that's a big list of teams right there. All right, so with that being said, all the details if you want to read them, all the details are in that item description. I'm just summarizing here. So there's the original list and let's double it up. There are all the teams right there. Let's roll it, let's randomize it. Six into two, eight times for names and teams. One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, and once more, right? Yep, eighth and final time again. We've got Nick all the way down to Chris. All right, six into two, eight times for the teams. Good luck, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, and eighth and final time. Brace all the way down to the suns just to preserve my voice. I'm not going to read this big list here, but I am going to show you the results of the randomizer just as is. Then I'll alphabetize by your first name so you can see all your teams grouped together and I will share this spreadsheet with you if you're watching live. No, I'm good, Sean, thank you. All right, so with that being said, here's the first group right there. And there is a DVR function on it if you're watching live. If you want to choose to pause your video to keep track of these teams. But if you do, make sure you hit the live button again so you're not lagging behind, especially for the trade window. All right, so now actually that's not Mets plus one, it's just the Mets. I think Nick was intending to add something there, but it changed his mind. All right, so let's sort by column A by your first names right here. So AJ, there are your hits here. Anthony, Barry, Brian, Chris, Daniel, Edwin, Gordon, Greg, Howard, Jimmy, James, John, John Ricketts, John Hall, Jonathan McClay, Juan, Kevin, Kurt, Lucas, Matt, Nick, PJ, Peter, Rosario, Sean A, Sean O, Tyler, and Victor. There you go. Now feel free to trade if you'd like, but trade at your own risk. Now before we pause the video for the trade window, we're going to generate a number between one and 12. Now we did 10, right, case 10 already. So it's one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 11, 12. We did case 10, and they're all numbered, so I'll show you in a second. Let's generate a number, 10. We already did it. Let's generate again, one. This is all the way over here. There it is. For the collectors, box number one. All right, we're going to pause the video. When we come back, we're going to see if there's any trades, and then we'll have the break, stick around, BRB. All right, welcome back, folks. A little bit of trade chatter, but in the end, no deals were done here. I'm going to flip this list back to, oh, I'll actually share this list with you, too, all right? Anyone can view. I don't want you to comment, no editors, just viewers. All right, so if you're watching live, you can click that link in the chat. I'll take you to that spreadsheet so you can keep track of your teams. Let's sort by column B again. And I'm also going to grab all of your names here and put them into column C. Because if the Sixers hit, I'll take out that name right there to keep track of the hit list promo. All right, so with that being said, let's flip back to this list here. Let's see what's inside. Good luck, everybody. A lot of cards here. Are these all graded? No, there's a couple that aren't. You can see the shorter stacks right here. Couple that aren't, right? But most of them are. So let's see what we got. First one is Jake from State Farm, PSA 9. From Contenders Draft Picks, Variation Auto, Cracked Ice. You can kind of see the cracked ice pattern on the sides right there. PSA 9, Bills. That's going to go to Tyler. Next one is Shogo Akiyama. Nice, PSA 10. Shogo Akiyama, Rookie. PSA 10 going to the Reds. That's for Nick Stover. And the Reds. Next is, nice. The future is bright. It's Alby's and Akunya Junior, PSA 9. From 2018 Topps Update. They're pretty good. Braves, Nick Stover. Atlanta Braves, he's heating up. Here's Manny Machado, PSA 9. 2013 Topps Archives. Rookie Manny Machado. He's on the field right now. Badres Padres on the background. And that's Daniel Katz with the Orioles. We've got Peter Lanzo, Rookie Peter Lanzo, PSA 9. From 2019 Topps Heritage Baseball. That goes to Juan. And the Mets tried to trade, couldn't trade Mojo. Here's Gavin Lux, he's not up right now. That's Zach McKinsey. 2020 Topps Baseball. Gavin Lux wearing a helmet, PSA 10. He's playing some good baseball lately. Star of the season well. Then got banged up a little bit. Landed on the IL for a little while. And came back. Still took a minute or two to get into the swing of things, but now it's hitting the baseball well. John Ricketts with the Dodgers. My boys in blue. Game tied here. Dodgers, Padres, 2-2. Top of the fifth, lot of baseball left. Alec Thomas, 007-250, PSA 9. Do-do, do-do, do-do-do. Ba-bam, ba-bam, ba-bam, ba-bam. Nice Alec Thomas. Diamondbacks, who's got the D-backs? That's gonna be Matt McLaughlin. All right, more graded cards, a lot of graded cards. Ooh, Drew Brees. 2005 Bowman's Best Football. Drew Brees, PSA 9. That's Charger's Edition. Charger's, that's gonna be John Hall with the Bolts. Next is Ramon, no, Robert Paulson, that is. Not Ramon L'Oriano, that's Robert Paulson. His name is Robert Paulson. 2020 Bowman Chrome, PSA 9. One of the big international prospects. Oakland A's, who's got the athletics? Chris Parent. Next is, got some basketball. We got Luka Donchich, PSA 9. 2019, Panini Daunris Optic Basketball. PSA 9, Mavs, Peter Eng with the Dallas Mavericks. Got more hoops. It's Darius Garlin from 2019 Prison Basketball, PSA 10. Darius Garlin and Colin Sexton playing some good hoops for the Cavs. So they might have something happen in there in Cleveland. Cleveland, this is for you. PJ with the Cavaliers. PSA 10s are always nice as well. Then here, Cam Johnson. 2019, Panini Prison Basketball, PSA 9. Cameron Johnson getting some minutes playing pretty well for the Red Hot Suns. PSA 9, Phoenix Suns that will go to Chris Parent and the Suns. Next up is, Chipper Jones, Chip Off the Old Block. From a 2020 Top Spaceball Silver Pack. Series two Silver Pack, PSA 9. Chip Off the Old Block, Atlanta Braves. That's Nick Stover, Atlanta Braves hitting a second time. I think almost all of these are great except for just a couple. All right, let's go. Another graded card, Julio Rodriguez. PSA 10, nice, 2020 Bowman Chrome. Prospects card, one of the big names in the Mariners organization. Greg with the M's. Glaber Day, Glaber Torres, 2018 Tops Update. Rookie card, Glaber Torres, PSA 9, Yankees. Sean O with the New York Yankees. He also has the New York Knicks. Some soccer, nice, Neymar. PSA 10 from 2017, Panini Revolution Soccer. Wow, one of the top players in the world. And a PSA 10. Now I don't think there's a soccer section. There's the other not listed section. That's right. And that'll be for Nick Stover. He's heating up, he's on fire. Ah, here's a just a top loaded card. That is gonna be Barry Bonds, nice. 170 out of 549. Tops Chrome Baseball, Giants. Barry Roberts with the San Francisco Giants. Back to graded cards. Got some baseball, we have Cody Bellinger. Foilboard, Cody Bellinger from the 2019 Tops Complete Set. PSA 9, 83 out of 162. He's getting back into the swing of things as well. Who's got my Dodgers? John Ricketts, that's a second Dodger. That's right. And Lucks as well. All right, we've got some football here. We got SGC. And that's Ben Rothsberger rookie card. There you go, there's your SGC grade right there. From 2004 Tops Bazooka football. Your Bazooka blast stat of the year. Rothsberger never completed less than 62% of his passes in any game and had a best 82.8%, 24 of 29. All right, Steelers. I don't know Rex. I haven't actually been keeping track. This is only our second case. All right, Steelers, where are you on my list? There you go, Barry Roberts with the rookie Rothsberger. All right, thanks JR. Yeah, you know, and there, this is a really friendly price point too. Remember, it's $69.99, it gets you two teams. All right, next is Marcus Allen from 1983 Tops Football. It's an authentic autograph and the autograph is a 10. No grade on the card, but the autograph is authentic and a 10 for my Raiders. And that's Gordon with the Raiders. Next up, it's a good time to get Wander Franco. His first hit as a major leaguer, three-run bomb. Yesterday, 2020 Bowman Chrome Sapphire edition of PSA 10, Wander Franco. Now, as I was being told earlier, the values of these have been, what a catch by McKinstry. There's the Wander Franco. So the values have been steadily going up. Rosario with the raise, nice. PSA 10 as well, it's good. Just a top-loaded card, it's, hey, it's Bill Parcells, five out of 15. Giants edition, New York Football Giants. Who's got the New York Football Giants? That's Kevin with the Giants. There you go, Kev. And we got a few more to go. Two graded cards and one non-graded card. It's Tyler Hero, 2019, Prison Basketball. Tyler Hero, PSA 10. Miami Heat, AJ Anderson, there you go, Miami Heat. Nice PSA 10, Rookie Tyler Hero. I see another PSA 10. It's Ronald Acuna Jr., 2018 tops update. Rookie Acuna Jr., awesome stuff. I think Braves, that's the third Braves. There you go, Nick Stover, congrats to you. And last but not least, we're gonna end with some football. And we love it, Jay Hart. Rookie ticket on-card autographed contenders of football. That looks like it could be graded. Who's got the Packers? Keep an eye on it, Packers, and see, it might be worth grading. And that's Sean, Sean O with the Go Pack Go. Nice, thanks everybody. All right, now let's flip over to the other screen here. I've been keeping track of the spots right here. Holly would read the pink part on the schedule, the bright pink part. All right, let's get everybody's names in here. Let's clear out the blank lines here. All right, so I think there's no blank lines here. Great. All right, now, you went hitless.  I mean, obviously you're not the only one so you can commiserate with your friends here. I apologize, we'll get them next time. But a chance at a little consolation prize here. We're gonna take all the hitless folks, randomize them, and the top two names are gonna win $50 of break credit each. Not bad, a little consolation prize. So let's roll it and randomize it lucky seven times, three and a four, one, two, three, four, five, six and seventh and final time, after seven. Top two names, thanks everyone for giving this a shot. There's more chance to chase graded cards and other fun stuff. It's gonna be top two, it's gonna be Sean O and Sean A. There you go, Sean's. $50 of break credit each, go on your way. Thank you very much everybody for getting in. I'm Joe for jaspyscasebreaks.com. Oh, remember, by the way, I know we doubled up this list when we were doing this randomizer. We're using the original 37 names that were sold, this 37 spots that we sold. We're using the original 37 names for the purposes of the promo that goes across all the breaks. You can see all the details of that second promo on jaspyscasebreaks.com. We've given away to Josh Allinger, so check it out. I'm Joe, I'll see you next time for the next one. Bye-bye.


Hello, I'm Daniel Connell and I'm interviewing Professor Asit Biswas, who is the Distinguished Visiting Professor at the Lee Kuan Yew School for Public Policy in Singapore. But that's only just the beginning of Professor Biswas's CV. I mean, it's an extraordinary CV stretching over many decades of public service, particularly in the water sector. But one of the outstanding features is that he's been involved in a wide range of different activities outside of universities. This includes international organisations, United Nations, etc., but also many newspapers and broadcasting organisations. What we're going to talk about today is the role of universities. And I'd just like to start off, Professor, by asking you, as a basic starting question, what role do you think universities should play in the public life of their respective countries? In my view, universities have two important roles. One is to teach and train the next generation of young people for a rapidly changing conditions. And that's going to be, that is a difficult task by itself. And the second one in terms of knowledge. And by knowledge, I mean knowledge generation, knowledge synthesis, and what is more important is knowledge application. The universities in my view have been quite good in knowledge generation, not so good in knowledge synthesis, very poor in knowledge application. And that is where I'm coming from. I'm trying to push the universities and academia. I strongly believe in Confucius. And he said, the essence of knowledge is having it to apply it. And that part is missing. There's a complete disconnect in the universities between generation of knowledge and then application of knowledge. There are two areas that you were pointing to that I was particularly noting. One of them was the educational role. And the other was the role of the academic in the public, in the public sphere. They're obviously connections. But just to talk for the moment about education, which is obviously a very major core activity. How do you feel about the way in which students, the way in which universities educate the students that come through them? The most sad part is, I do not know a single university anywhere in the world. Of course, I have not studied any of them. Maybe you are doing it. We have no idea what the students themselves feel. Say, five years after graduation, whether they got value for money for their education, the way we taught them or what we trained them for the future, whether it's any good to them, what we taught them, are they of any use to them? And also equally important for going to their employers, asking, how effective did you find our students to do the tasks you wanted them to do? And that I have not seen a single university that has collected that information. And that is one of the main problem I have, because many of the students I talk to, and these are anecdotal information, they say that what they learned in the university are of very limited value to them. In many countries, especially in India, I've been advising five CEOs of the largest corporations. And they're basically telling me in India right now, all the graduates they're getting, even from the best institutions, they are not very useful. They have to train them for at least two years before they can be useful. So we have to ask how well our students are being trained for the future. And even the bigger problem is, while in the past what we taught them could be relevant for almost half their life or three-quarter of their life, the knowledge is advancing so fast, technology is changing so fast that it's going to be more and more difficult to train the students to tackle the problem more than five to ten years after their graduation. Ten years after their graduation I'm convinced, let's say by 2026, the world will be a very different place. We have no idea what that place will be and what type of knowledge they will need, what type of training they would need to meet the future world of that. And the universities we are actually looking at the future, most universities we are looking to the future, to the rear view mirror. This is what we have been doing in the past, this is what we're doing in the future. We are just going incrementally and the world will not change, the world of education will not change incrementally. It will change exponentially. And so we have to start thinking about how relevant is the knowledge and the education and the training we're giving to students to meet the future needs of the society. The way you're describing the issue it seems to me that you're suggesting that skills and philosophy and approaches to life and approaches to complexity should be at the core of the educational training, educational process rather than specifically content. Yes, that is very true. In my view the best thing we can do with our students no matter which discipline they are is how to think logically. In many universities we are teaching students what I call solution in search of a problem. We give them a solution, then looking for a problem to which they apply the solution. More and more we have to start, we have to teach to the students that solutions have a geographical context also a time context. What works in one part of Australia may not work in the other part of Australia or for certain what works in Australia will not work in India for a variety of reasons and vice versa. It may be very successful here but it won't be there. So we have a time and a space constant but universities we don't teach them. We're saying this solution is almost universal and those are some of the frustrations I'm having with the universities these days to show that we are not teaching our students to think independently, logically. So how do you teach a student to teach independently and when I ask that I'm just thinking of a definition of education that I particularly like and that is that the role of the teacher is to create the circumstance within which students teach themselves. If you can do that that would be great but what happens is most of the time we have a predetermined idea what the students must learn. So that is the wrong approach. In the area where I specialize much of my life in the field of water, in the area of water it's not a rocket science. If you want to solve the world's water problems it would take an intelligent person four to five months to figure out what are the problems, what are the potential solutions. So basically you have to start wherever you are because water is a local problem. So you'll start with the local context, local boundary conditions, local conditions, local institutions and then proceed to the next steps. These are the problems, these are the type of solutions we're going to get. We would like to get how do you go from point A to point B and a predetermined route will most certainly take you to the wrong solutions and in my view in the future we need to start teaching our students how to go from point A to point B. So getting students out of the classroom, getting them to confront serious case studies, getting them to ask you know what's a useful question in relation to this specific place and what's a sensible response to that question. And also teach our students that if you're going to solve the water problem you need to go to the field, you go, you got to see what are the conditions. You cannot sit down with your computer, your desktop, your laptop or whatever it is and simulate what are going to be the conditions and what are going to be solutions. One of the biggest problem I'm finding now in the water field and many other field students have no concept of the reality. They very seldom go to the field, very seldom spend much time learning what water the conditions, very seldom check what are the institutions who are supposed to take those solutions and apply it. You may have the best solution but if you don't understand the institutions the potential of using that solution within the, implementing that solution within the institutional constraints is very limited. So we have to learn a whole variety of things if you're looking for solutions, not only the technical part but also social, institutional and political part. And I think you're suggesting the role of teacher as being facilitator and provocateur perhaps and critic and support as well within this environment and not the dominant godlike authority. Absolutely true and not only that we have to encourage our students to think independently because things are changing so fast we really don't know what's happening. You see from one of the things I see now the paradigm of research in the world has changed yet we don't, most of us at the universities don't realize the paradigm has changed and the paradigm has changed for very simple reason. Before 20, 30 years ago for decades or centuries research used to be done in the academia, research institutions and our incentive structure in the academia is when you do the research you publish as much as possible. Our career depends how many papers we churn out so we have an incentive to publish whatever we are doing, whatever the results we are getting. Now we're seeing a completely different paradigm in any field and the different paradigm is the amount of money the private sector is putting in the R&D field. If you look at some of the major multinational companies who I advise as strategic advisor they're spending two to six billion dollars a year for R&D in their limited area where the company works. Only thing we know for example that next year their R&D budget will be higher. Not like many countries like the US, I don't know about Australia, the R&D budget is being squeezed and many cases in Europe as well it being reduced. This private sector is increasing. If you look at a large group like Tata in India, Conglomerate, their R&D budget over the last four years has increased by roughly one third to roughly about three and a half to four billion dollars. There's not a single university anywhere I know who even has a R&D budget of two billion or a billion dollars in all the fields. On top of that in the 50 years I've been at the universities or closely associated with the universities. I never had a research project which was more than three years in duration. In contrast the private sector is willing to invest for 15 to 20 years as long as the researchers are making progress. Now the difference I see now is the following whereas the public sector like the universities had the professors have an incentive to publish, private sector is completely different. They're spending millions and hundreds of millions of dollars for R&D but they don't want anyone to know what's happening for obvious reasons. They don't want to know even what they're working on. Now four or five major multinational companies I'm now acting as the advisor to the CEO, strategic advisor to CEO or chairman of the board. My contract says very clearly I can't even discuss what they're working on. Forget the results I can't even discuss what they're working on. Now if I look at my field of water I'm privy to many information which makes me feel reasonably optimistic for the world's water future because some of the developments I'm convinced will come in the next 10 to 15 years but I can't talk about it. Most of the academic haven't a clue about it and this is what I'm seeing a difference in paradigm that research the private sector is now spending more money significantly more money in any specific area than the private sector and than the public sector. So given that difficult situation you've just described what should where should universities position themselves what should they do to play a creative positive role in that situation? I think the most positive role universities can play in my view is the complete disconnect that now exists between the results the results of the research the universities are doing to who could benefit from that research. So now our job is finished as soon as I publish might mean task as a university if I purely look at from a university professor's viewpoint my main task is completed as soon as I publish that in a high impact journal. Now the fact is in the real world very few people read high impact journal. If I look in the water field the highest impact factor journal in the water area has six subscribers in India 13 subscribers in China so 19 subscription for 2.6 billion people and this is the highest impact the highest impact factor in the water in the water sector water sector the academic sector in the academic sector it's the dream of every water scientist to publish in the highest impact factor because our career takes off if I can have a half a dozen paper in a high impact factor my career takes off. I asked since I advise the countries I asked the Indian minister of water and the Chinese minister of water the firm the secretary of the vice minister have you have you ever read this particular journal not only they haven't read it they've never heard of it there's staff never heard of it either so the question comes the incentive structure of the university is such is that we need to publish it in high impact journal for us to go up the ladder but nobody reads that journal no our estimate we have done some back of the envelope calculation our estimate is an average scientific paper is now read by no more than 10 10 persons including the author and yet the number of journals are expanding because now the business model of journals has changed every year new journals are coming last year alone no 2014 I don't have the figures for 2015 last year alone we estimate 2.5 million articles were published in social sciences more than 80 percent of the papers never get a citation and yet we are all hung up in the academia on publication and citation it really doesn't matter we don't get any kudos if I spend time whatever I did getting the results to the people who matter in the language they understand and that disconnect is creating a problem so why the question I ask myself why are you doing research if it does not improve the quality of life of the people the people are paying for the universities through the taxes or donations or fees what it is coming from that and yet we are not giving the most important part from research to application much any kudos or any emphasis and so the question that comes why are why have why are the universities are not giving them enough attention so that people can see what we are doing improves their life the politicians can see that's not happening and what should they be doing what are the options to achieve the the options are first you have to take whatever we have to take whatever we are doing to the attention of the public because in the public discourse academics and most academics are noticeably absent second we have to bring whatever the solutions we have to the attention of people who might be able to use it now what is happening these days is people have no time their time is becoming precious the senior bureaucrats senior ministers they're becoming precious academics also in general do not have good contacts or access to the policy makers by access means if you if you're really going to have translate or inform policy makers you must have direct access to that person or he's or her closest advisors to whom they listen there's no kudos in academia to develop those contact and if you don't have those contact things don't go the second part is we are not contributing to the public discourse public pays for everything but we are notably absent from the discourse and the public in order to reach the public the scientific papers books are irrelevant the average print run of the books of now is 250 copies in the world it's coming down progressively so how do we make this this transition and one way i found out this if you want to compete to the transition from research to public domain the policy domain is in addition to the access to the policy makers is going through the media media is extremely powerful if i write a scientific paper in the in nature science or lancet with impact factor of 30 plus only scientist few scientists will read it we preach to the converted if you write if we write a paper in opinion piece in a media or in a blog it needs a completely different type of writing it has to be very brief because nobody these days have time to read long pieces so it has to be between six if you're lucky 1000 words in general about six to 800 words you have to win that in a very simple language you have to find out what you have done what are the benefits and the need the competition's first phase in the media is so tough these days about 98 percent of unsolicited material never sees the light of the day so you have to develop contacts with the editors as well in order to get those opinion pieces published and the interesting thing i find is i have written now about 80 plus books all together they've been translated into 37 languages never in my life 50 years of working have i got a letter from a minister saying i read a book or this or some 700 papers i have written that i read your paper and it's good or it's bad or i disagree with it if i write an opinion piece in a newspaper most of the time i get at least one letter if not many from a minister or a permanent secretary or a senior bureaucrat saying you know i liked what what what you have written if i'm in town can you have a lunch or dinner so that we can discuss it more or can you have a Skype conversation where you can explain to it more so if you are going to reach the people who should be using it the traditional way of books and scientific publications doesn't get us anywhere so we have to change our way of putting our ideas across differently and one of the things i'm impressed with ANU and ANU is doing much better than any other university i know is the blogs you're publishing from policy forum to ecstacia forum and a few others you're publishing those are i think could be one of your one of your important avenues to get the views of your staff to the world at at large do you think it's also appropriate for academics to take on controversies i mean inherently policy questions tend to be about unsolved issues in which there are contending competing views uh there is no question if you're going to use your views in the real life there will be pluses and minuses we have to decide what is the role of an academic if the role of an academic is doing research publishing high impact journal not bother about whether it is used whether there's discussion of those then that's fine but i for one believe that research has to be useful it should benefit the humankind and if you follow that there's no other choice but to get involved in controversies no matter what policy you advocate the there will be beneficiaries and there will be people who pay the cost you see now one of the things we heard about the brexit now donald trump became the president we are talking about the advantages of globalization but no one looked at who are the beneficiaries of globalization who who paid the cost of globalization so in the policy arena we have no choice we have to get involved in the controversies we have to if we have to stick our neck out sometimes your neck may get chopped uh you sometimes the university administration may not even support you because it's controversial and they say that person is speaking on his own or her own uh it's not the university's view i think the universities need to take a more proactive approach saying our professors they're free to publish free to discuss anything within of course some some limits i don't want to see professors going into racial hatred a whole variety of other things but purely on the work they're doing and getting into controversies but in many countries um that sort of role of universities is not very popular i mean turkey is just one example not only turkey many others as well many other countries even in the advanced countries i know many of my friends the university administration even though the person was advocating something very good and something need to look at it was against the government policy and since universities were getting significant amount of funding from the government policy they basically allowed the professor to be hung under there's um the notion of universities as being one of the sort of bases from which you can have alternative truth to power type dialogues some people suggest that that's a rather western pluralist notion um you presumably don't accept i i don't accept that even i've been advising the government of china since 1983 when den shopping invited me to come and take a look at south north water transfer in the policy arena i never have and i go back to china i've gone back to china literally every six to twelve months since 1983 i never had any problem arguing with the chinese senior bureaucrats the vice ministers or the ministers saying some of the things they're doing i don't agree for the following reasons they accept that they accept that they will not agree with you that's fine but what i find is if you have a good opinion good views based on solid scientific idea analysis and if you have access to the policy makers and they trust you and that takes time over a short period of a few months you can move them towards the ideas you're propounding they're willing to try it out and if you can show that that actually will help them more they will benefit more because if those ideas work they will be feted in their country they will go up the ladder much quicker i have no i don't get any benefits i don't get paid for it or anything for it surprisingly they're willing to accept that but the main problem i see in the academia is we don't invest enough money to develop good enough time developing good contacts good relations good trust with the policy makers and that takes time and but there are some issues where that doesn't work where it's not enough and for example the united states has now got a president that is repudiating the science and climate change now true but then we have to ask why the most powerful country can elect a president who repudiates science did we do our homework by telling the people before water one of the recent trump was elected is globalization has taken many of the jobs from the rust belt not only globalization but also development became one of the reason why many of these jobs have disappeared is the robotics and automation etc i mean the way the cars are manufactured in the 70s where people are getting very good salary manufacturing work getting very good salaries those days are gone they're not going to come back and yet we have not got many of this information to the people saying that what president elect trump has saying that jobs will come back they're not going to come back some may come back but they most of them will not come back because those are changes that has happened for a variety of reasons by putting a border from mexico you know in the mexico or canada isolating us over the long run they will lose jobs rather than create jobs but that message has never gone obviously never gone to the rust belt who just saw that their high paying jobs have disappeared the cities and the town centers have become less affluent the middle class so-called middle class in that area that income has not increased very much over the over the years so we have a in my view the university professors have a role in communicating all these things not only the politicians not only to the politicians more importantly the public as a whole so they're saying these are the development these are the issues and we need to go this is the direction to go and if you go in these directions what benefit you will get this brings me back to where we started the interview and that was talking about the education of students the sort of values and philosophies that people to be effectively functioning as academics in the way in which you're describing um the sort of values they should be conveying through their teaching how would you describe that the way in which the an academic should should present these issues and and and try and encourage the students students to develop in my teaching I take a completely different type of approach than traditional the way I was taught I basically defined the problem saying these are the issues these are the complexities and I ask my students how you proceed so they have to do the thinking they have to do the reading and it is interesting in a short course of three months which I call water policy and governance none of my students have any water policy back water background none of them sometimes there may be one out of twenty but the end of three months by their discussions and thinking and reading they come out with a solution for their city or the town or the country and then at the beginning when I ask them you have to come out with a solution and their reaction is we are not a water we don't know anything about water one of the my requirements of my course the strict requirements at the end of the course they must have a solution to a country's cities or the region's water related issue which could be published in one of the newspapers blog of that particular town or country that's a requirement so when people come most of the students don't come to my courses these are you said they're thinking we have what we initially in in our university national university of singapore one week where the first week what is called the shopping week where all the students could come for a one-hour lecture of the different professors giving different courses and they can decide whether to stay or not and majority of them that take my course they see the challenge but an overwhelming number do not take the course because they say sir you're asking me too much but the end of three I don't know I don't know anything about the water at the end of three months I cannot produce a solution which can be published in a newspaper and the people and the people and the decision makers and the policy makers can read it it's not feasible and that those few who trust me I said you can do it that they have consistently done it and it is surprising if a person who has no background in water can in three months come out with a solution why can't we professionals do better right well I think professor I'd like to thank you very much for taking part in our discussion today and I think that's a very good note and a challenging note for us to finish on thank you thank you


Tom here for more systems and just because you can virtualize PF sense does that mean you should? Let's talk about that now. I prefer bare metal running on real hardware, but there's some pros and cons to each way So we want to walk through some of these Discussions of why you might not want to especially when new users who are new to PF sense start out going well I'll just virtualize it because that seems like it'd be simpler And they may not have as good of experience because there's some complexities And that's the first reason to run it on real hardware is because there's less troubleshooting due to less complexity The intricacies of adding a hypervisor, which has a virtualized network adapter Then you virtualize your PF sense on there you can run into issues, especially around VLANs VLANs are a struggle especially for a lot of new users and you've now added a complexity layer to setting VLANs up with each hypervisor having different ways they handle this and You know this can be an extra learning curve So if you don't even know the product already You're gonna out add some complexity and then sometimes it may perform poorly under load or not get the transfer rates We don't know if it's because PF sense has been misconfigured or if it's because the hypervisors been misconfigured or some conflict due to some Update so that less complexity and troubleshooting goes for real hardware now the part about hardware hardware is not that expensive You can use PF sense on most any x86 hardware you can pop in an Intel nick and lots of things already have this there's plenty of low-powered devices Available you can buy the neck heat hardware, and it just doesn't take a lot of compute memory or Hard drive space in order to run PF sense you can get to give it speeds with a several year old computer Perfectly fine, and there's plenty of those laying around Next PF sense is easy to reload and restore you only need the config.xml file So I get it virtualization is easy to back up because you're snapshotting a whole virtual machine But you just got one config file to restore next is the boot environments that are related to it So if you have a snapshot you're looking for instead of using it hypervisor If you have the PF sense plus which is free for home users free for the lab PF sense plus supports boot environments it's also free on the neck heat hardware and Boot environments will even let you roll to a new version of PF sense and roll back it creates snapshots in time So if you want to experiment with your PF sense They are OS level snapshots, and I have a whole video dedicated to boot environments next If there's a problem with your hypervisor everything gets taken down This can be a real challenge now granted if you have several hosts and you can migrate your PF sense to another one of your hosts But in general a lot of people are trying to run this in a home lab And if the hypervisor goes down the internet goes down with it and therefore your Troubleshooting may be hampered by doing this being able to Google things because your firewalls now down your internet's down And you're going okay. How do I figure this out and get it back up so that can be kind of a challenge? And I've seen people who delay updates that are hypervisor because they're worried about You know oh man I got to take down PF sense and I got to take down my network when I do this update and yeah That's a fact or something to consider but that comes with the complexity of doing it that way one last thing I'll mention on the potential problem side is if you are taking one of the parts of your Hypervisor and exposing it so you can put it on the WAN for PF sense you now have a Port closer to the edge of the network and if there's a stack level type of attack there's a flaw in the stack of The way the hypervisor handles things not the way PF sense handles things you now have that port exposed to the internet now granted it should be Firewalled and only allowing the traffic to go to the one virtual machine within there But if there's some other flaw within the way the hypervisor handles its virtual networks That could be a potential for security. It's just something to keep on your radar I don't know of any Absolute ways to exploit this but it's something to consider just as an attack surface now There's a couple pros to running it In a virtual environment and that first one is of course the biggest reason people want to do this It's less hardware if you only have one machine Hey great then that machine can do everything it has your hypervisor all the VMs you want to run or whatever else you have on there And then you throw your firewall in there now you have one device That is a cost savings. It is a power savings It is space savings and especially with the energy cost being high I really get it why people want to put these all in one place to minimize the amount of systems that they're Supplying energy to but kind of back up to the low-end hardware. It doesn't take too much energy You can find some reasonably low-powered things to run a firewall Next is passing through a network adapter that alleviates many of the complexity problems and other Complaints I had set up. This is a popular way to set it up in your virtual environment Where you just pass the network adapter through in your hypervisor right to PF sense This solves that security potential issue the VLAN issue and a lot of the other troubleshooting problems That's not a bad way to go if you're going to do that So you just pass the nick through and that's a good way to do it and keep those cost savings Those benefits of having a virtual but nonetheless, it's really your decision to make We do have our lab that I have a virtual PF sense out of convenience But if I reboot my hypervisor or the lab goes down, no one's really bothered by it But me because I can't make videos with my lab and my staff can't complete something So I don't mind running the one virtual but all the business side I run all on hardware But what do you run? What is your preferred method for setting this up? Is it hypervisor plus pass-through? Is it just raw hypervisor because that's the way you like to run PF sense Let me know in the comments down below what your combination is I'm kind of curious what the audience says about this and if you want to have a more in-depth about this and other topics Those are my forums for that discussion. Thanks