Hi, we are here at the Qt booth in the Toradex area at Embedded World 2019. With me here, I have Santo from Qt, he's a product manager for the Embedded area. Hi there, I'm Santo Hanen, I'm the product manager for the Embedded area of the Qt, which you already heard by the way. So I shouldn't ask who are you, you just said Toradex. Yeah, I did. You're going to be cutting this right? No, we're going live. So what are you showing around here? Well, we're showing you with all kinds of partners working with Qt. Qt is very popular software development framework on the Embedded environment. Toradex is one of our partners and with Toradex we've been doing support for easy getting started environments for developers so that developers can deploy to their target device from day one. Deploying from day one is super important for the embedded development because you can easily find issues with your hardware or your architecture or your designs or anything the earlier you develop. So if you find those very late in the project, that usually means delay in the project and you don't want that. So getting fast to market? Fast to market, deploy from day one, have all the bells and whistles ready for you when you get started. So that's a big part of the work we've been doing and collaborating with Toradex. Easy to get into business, right? Yes. So what is the demo around here? Well, Toradex is having the demo so I actually don't know myself the demos very well. So maybe you ask Stefan explaining the demos what are on the Toradex stand. Alright. Hi. Hi, so who are you? My name is Stefan Eichenberger and I work as field application engineer at Toradex. What we see here is a demo of one of our customers. And importantly it's still a prototype and we currently have some problems with it. But it is meant for making pictures of food for restaurants because they always have problems to get the food in the right lighting. And this product basically should help them to have the right lighting for food. What we do here, for example, we can make pictures of a module and with some special lighting from top or from the side. So it's to automate this to make it easier? Yeah, exactly. It's completely automated. And what's over there? So over there we see the Colibri IMX7. This is one of our modules. If you install, if you get our modules it is reloaded with the Toradex EC installer. And this EC installer allows you really easy to install for example who to queue or other images that are available in the internet. And over here, can you introduce? Here we see a demo from KDAB on one of our low end modules. It will be presented by Till Adam from KDAB. So hi. Hi, nice to meet you. So who are you? I'm Till Adam. I'm with KDAB. We are a consultancy. We help people develop and do stuff with Qt, particularly on Toradex hardware. So one of the partners of Toradex. And in this case we have a rather low power device, an IMX6 ULO. Very limited resources. You can able to put a full build of Qt on it and expose nearly the full future set of Qt. So it's a rather simple UI for a cruise ship cabin. But it is still able to play video and basically have transitions and things like that. So you get an iPhone like experience on a rather low end piece of hardware. So your system is made for simplicity? Like simple UIs or what is it for? Well this is for a cruise ship. So when you have a cruise ship you have a cabin that's like a hotel room. And it helps to control the climate, the lights and the media and call housekeeping and things like that. So it's a simple user interface for a cruise ship cabin. And working together with Qt is a strong thing? Yeah, I mean we've been a Qt partner for almost 20 years. So we've been working with Qt for a very long time. It's extremely powerful. We've been able to do interfaces like this with relatively low effort. Two years partner with Qt? Yes. That's a long time. How old is Qt? 20 years. 20 years old? Yeah. It's roughly 20 years old. Yes. It started last century. So what is the main vision or the main purpose of the Qt? I think it's the cross-platform development. Really easy to implement applications and solutions and then deploy them on multiple different targets. And that cross-platform development brings you a lot of benefits because if you're not sure if the problem is in your code or in the Qt or in the underlying operating system, try it on different hardware than you know. And having 20 years of development and ecosystem creation under the belt, it gives you a lot of experience on how to make embedded systems. So it's not just embedded, but it is more like in the Cortex-A class. Qt is used in the desktop, in the Windows and Mac. That's a big part of our business. The traditional desktop applications. Qt is used for creating applications for phones and tablets. And then the embedded is something that has really been raising in the last 10 years, ever since Nokia bought Qt and invested into Qt. So the embedded development has been growing more and more important. But we are no longer part of Nokia. So Nokia stopped doing the Qt and software themselves some years ago. So now we are an independent company of our own. So how many devices are there using Qt? Is it like in the hundreds of millions, billions of millions? Well, there's everything from toasters to space rockets, literally. Toasters? Yes, so I don't know. I don't think we can calculate how many devices there are using Qt. There is a lot. And even in the embedded world, you only need to walk 20 meters and you'll find a demo based on Qt. There's millions of cars alone, millions of washing machines. Probably hundreds of millions is not too far off. So what is the positioning for Qt with all these R tasks that are there or Linux stuff is just somewhere else? We run on all of them. So you can basically make UI for any operating system, even without an operating system on a really small MCU. But we run on everything from the smallest embedded to all the way to the biggest desktop machines. So it's about UI? Yes, predominantly. You can do other things with it as well, but it's mostly UI. And is it like a hardcore science to optimize a UI? Like you want to make things as user-friendly as possible? Or how does it work? Was just design, a lot of design? Well, currently we are seeing the market situation changing so that a lot of companies who used to do stuff on hardware, who used to design physical knobs and sliders and things are now moving into the space of creating touch UIs and visual interfaces. For them, this is totally new stuff. At the same time, the whole ecosystem cannot grow, developers fast enough to cater for the needs of all these companies. So the solution is better tools, easier to use tools, more productive tools. And having a strong ecosystem of partners like Kada, helping the customers to actually get those things done. So we see that this is a wonderful space for us in the business, having all the IoT and the embedded development skyrocketing. But you asked if it's easy? Yeah, for us, we've been doing this for 20 years, so it's super easy. Well, it's certainly much easier than the alternatives. It's not like people don't need any help anymore and any training, of course, which we also provide, but it is much easier than the alternatives. So you can actually get a user interface like this up and running. If you have somebody doing the design and you have a competent developer, you can get this done with very little resources. So what are the alternatives, so you don't want to talk about it? We'd rather not, I think. There's no alternatives. No, why would we talk about those? I think we are the... Market leader in what you do? I think we are for sure the market leader, yes. We have more than a million developers every time we release a new release of Qt. So, and that just works all over the place? It's easy to get the latest Qt? Yes, and Qt, you can get Qt many ways. So you can get Qt from us, you can get Qt from Toradex, you can get Qt from some desktop operating systems when you install it in your PC. There actually is Qt in there and so on. So you can get Qt and Qt technologies in many ways. So I started video blogging because of Achkas and they had a Qtopia long time ago, 2004. Yes, that was entirely built with Qt. And Qtopia, there was some kind of Linux going on in the back? Well, Qtopia is basically, at the time, was a PDA user interface built with Qt on top of Linux, which was a very novel thing at the time. Of course, that's exactly what Android does these days and it's become the leading platform. It's a multi-vista Linux and then Qtopia for the UI. Qt has been doing embedded stuff and mobile PDA type stuff for a very, very long time. It's just that it only now has become kind of mainstream to do that kind of thing. I mean, it could have been the Android or something. At some point Nokia was like, you know, there was some other parts of Nokia that maybe didn't do the right thing or something. It was like Android before Android. From a technology point of view, I would agree. And then over here, we're looking at some... Can we look at this? How does Qt help with this? You just jump in here. Sorry. So, how is it good to have Qt here? Well, this is a 3D UI, an example of an automotive instrument cluster which is built with Qt. So it's just easy to build some cool looking stuff? Yes, so we have the developer toolings, the designer toolings. And one of the big things we've been investing in the past years has been to improve the developer and designer workflow so that when the designer is doing their UI designs and interaction designs and the sketches of animation and all of that, that actually is already producing code which is then used part of the solution. So designer can see it directly on the embedded device, live there and then what does the design look like on the real device and then that actually is the code that then the developer is using to create the full application with all the back and business logic of the applications. And this is another example right here? Yeah, this is another example. So every now and then we hear that the customers are complaining that it's really slow, the embedded in also. This is an example, I turn the power on and now you have the UI coming up so it's not slow. It's a matter of optimization and optimization on the right places. So this is a thing that our service partners do is OKDAF for example has a lot of experience on optimizing on the fastboots. Fastboots is great. And here at Boost is a big boost. What are some of the big news around here at Embedded World? That's my point. We have a lot of partners here. We have some interesting machine learning and artificial intelligence or robotics. So right here she's doing this. Controlling the robots. We also have a full demo on our designer developer workflow how a designer can do the UI, oops, I'm running into people. And how the developer can then use those designs that was created by the designer. What is this? We have some demos here on Automotive Industry how they can monetize on advertising. On the Automotive Industry we have other demos on full digital cockpit. How Qt can be used to create the instrument clusters, the head up displays, the entertainment screens on a single sock, having all the safety critical telltales also visible for the customers. We have some quick updates on this. We have some examples of Qt running in containers and how the containers can be updated over the year. Webfield streaming, this is a demo we've done with Toradex for the remote UIs. Remote? Remote UIs. So you can have a headless device and it can have a remote UIs or you can have an industrial device which are then showing the UIs on a standard browser. Industrial automation, Qt is very popular on the industrial use cases where we do have all the protocols for machine to machine interaction what you need for the industrial solutions. And we go around here can we check these out? This is one of the hottest and new stuff that we have so it's about having the microcontrollers running Qt. So this is something we do as a service with our customers and we currently have here on display the STM32F7 and an NXP 1050. So why is this the latest and hottest right? We've been very popular on Cortex-A side and pretty much every Cortex-A device is supported by Qt on multiple different operating systems. You haven't done much Cortex-M so far? We haven't done much Cortex-M so we have had some customers to the Cortex-M and some partners doing the Cortex-M so we are also now looking into how can we make that part of the family of Qt products. Is it important in the history of Qt to have hardware accelerated graphics? Yes, so we can support software acceleration so we have software acceleration technologies we do support also graphical physical GPUs and graphical acceleration. And this is the main demo now we have all the laughing guys you know, disappearing. So this is the demo showing our old stuff for the Qt Creator and the developer working on the application. Is that how Qt is done? Yeah, this is how Qt is done so this is how the Qt applications have been done. What is it called here? Qt Creator Qt Creator? Yes And then from a Qt Creator there is a very easy way to bring in the target hardware from different manufacturers and then deploy directly to the target hardware and the new thing is that we've done also the designer tooling so the designers can create, use their design tools and create a UI that actually becomes part of the implementation and like the developers designers can also say test their UI directly on an embedded device and see that the contrast is right, the colors are right, the behavior is right, the interaction design makes sense and all of that so designers can do that and the really big thing before the designers and developers is that they can save it to a repository a shared repository which typically is a jit repository between the designers and developers and then the designer is doing the changes, the developer can see those on the fly, add up to those changes into their application and then if a developer is doing any changes on that then the designers see whatever was the change done by the developer so this is really cutting down the time to market and bringing efficiency on having teams and designers and developers work together creating embedded devices and it says deploy here what is this? here is an example, this is an NVIDIA hardware where the designer has deployed this robotic UI to test what does it look like? what kind of you have presentations here? well then we have the other part so I think the partners can and we'll explain themself so I'm not the specialist on those so I'll leave you guys and you'll run through the partners just to have a quick here so as this is from here, Tilly can cover Tilly is back here so he can cover the KDAB all right, thanks a lot here at the KDAB area what are you showing around here? we're showing some tools that we make for developers to make people's life cute, most of them we release as free software so you can download them from Github free software? yes so this is free software? so this one is not free software it's actually a commercial tool we make it makes it a lot easier for people to design 3D content and then put it onto an embedded product, onto an embedded device and the idea is here that you can use the full expressive power of professional 3D tools like 3D Studio Max where they are our blender and export from them and then we have some tooling that prepares the models and the textures and all these things assets for inclusion into the cute based embedded device and basically this way the programmers don't have to mess with the 3D part but still have basically everything available that you can do with the professional tools around here are you talking more about the tools and stuff and here's the Tordex yeah, we're running this on a Tordex iMix 8 so to my knowledge it's actually one of the first 3D applications on an iMix 8 which is the upcoming next week on the platform yeah, high hopes, why? because it's going to be a big market? well, we'll see and here we have what is this? let me just move this around can you stand right there? so this is a tool? yeah, it's actually showing several of our tools for profiling for fault analysis for memory profiling and things like that so when we do projects on embedded we need to figure out why things go wrong why something uses a lot of memory where the CPU goes and so on and to help with that we make tools that we then mostly make freely available for other people to use as well and there? this is also one of our free tools it's called GammaRay it's an introspection tool for PT that's going on in there for example, here you can see how many objects of a certain type are being created as the application is running look at the actual interface itself even there you go you can see what's rendering here on this device so we attached from this PC to this embedded device and you can see for what you are trying to figure out how exactly it's being rendered what is going on behind this scene so this is way helpful in trying to figure out problems what is this? this is another one of the ULLs it's also Toradex IMAX 6 ULL it's got an IMAX 8 as it says here so that's a very low power device we have a cute application running on there including video playback you can have basically all of the usual controls that you can do with Qt running on a rather low end which is low cost chips so how big is KDAB? we're about 100 strong 100 strong people? 20 devices out there using your things we've been helping people with projects for the last 20 years so there must be thousands of different products out there that it totally is maybe millions of things oh for sure we've been working across various industries medical, industrial automation cars, planes basically most things you use every day might have a pretty high likelihood of us having worked with them


Bread boy is back because today I'm going to show you guys a simple, quick, half sourdough not really recipe. Some of you might remember, I don't know, probably two or three years ago now, we did a video on like how to have bread in three hours. This recipe is kind of similar to that but we're using higher quality ingredients so let me show you guys what we have. So for the flour, we have King Arthur organic bread flour and everything you see here guys is available on FrankEastRerangeFoods.com, the salt, the organic instant yeast we're going to use. This is a big bowl of the sourdough starter that we also have on the website. If you do buy our starter, it comes in a two ounce jar. So for this recipe and you can learn how to do this by watching my sourdough maintenance video, you have to put it in some more flour and water and then maybe wait a day and it will be ready but we have a large amount of starter here that we can use and then we have our glass bottle mineral water. And this is the recipe that's going to make two loaves that should serve a few people. I personally am an Italian pig so I'll eat one of those loaves for my entire lunch and be stuffed. So we're measuring everything in the instant pot bowl because there's actually yogurt setting that we're going to use to get this bread to rise. Very easy and convenient so 170 water. Now with sourdough hydration is very important to get right but with this it's a little more forgiving. 300 grams flour. So we go organic, we remove the chemicals, the pesticides, herbicides, glyphosate and we use glass bottle mineral water to remove any fluoride or fluorine concerns. That already makes the bread healthier than 99.9 percent of what people are eating now. We add 115 grams of starter and this is a very high ratio of starter to dough but since this is only a several hour rise you need a lot more sourdough to be more effective over a shorter period of time. Then we add our 10 grams of salt and then we're going to do the whole packet of instant yeast. So this just gets mixed together. So dough combines pretty fast, shouldn't take you more than 20 seconds to knead it together. Then we put this in our instant pot and there's a yogurt setting that I have set to an hour and 30 minutes which is the correct time. So then we're just going to close this. When you're doing this it does not require the lid to be sealed unlike some other settings on the instant pot. You could even just put paper over this, paper towel, baking sheet whatever so you don't have to keep taking the lid on and off. And at the 15 minute mark we're going to come over and fold it. I'm not 100 percent sure if that's necessary but I do it anyway. All right it's been about 15 minutes so normally when you make sourdough in about half hour increments for the first two hours you do folds. It's called the auto-lease process where the flour is basically absorbing the water but in this case where it's a really short fermentation we're just stretching it a little bit to build up some gluten and then that should be enough because there's so much yeast in this that regardless of what we do it's just going to rise up and it'll be fine. Put a little oil in here just so it's easier to take out after it. It doesn't stick as much. So 90 minutes is usually long enough. If your sourdough starter wasn't that active or if it's a little cold out you can always just add a little more. So add another, you know instead of being an hour and a half it'll be two hours. So I'll see you guys when I'm back from work. All right so it's been about two hours and now when we open this up there is a lot more dough it has grown substantially. So I got a steel tray lined with parchment paper. We're just going to take our dough out of here. You know most of it doesn't stick so nothing crazy in there. You do have to soak it though. Now we're going to split this in half. You could weigh it if you want to make sure it's completely even. Now we're going to take each half of the dough and kind of just like fold it over itself a few times and then form like a little ball in the bottom. Kind of twist it so to illustrate what I'm doing a little better. I'm pulling it, folding it in, pulling it, folding it in. Kind of like forming a seam at the bottom and then I'm kind of like twisting that seam together to close it and then I'll put this with that seam down over here forming a ball. Same thing with the other one. So I'll just fold it a few times, form that seam at the bottom, kind of twist it and then put our nice ball of dough down here. So these are going to rest 10 minutes and then we can make them into the final shape. So after 15 minutes the seam on the underside of the bread has closed so now we can form it into the final shape. You could just leave it like this and you'll have some sourdough shaped bun loafs but I usually shape this into more like a baguette, not really a baguette but just like a longer loaf so that I can cut slices of bread a bit easier. I just kind of pull it while folding it over itself. I'm sure there's like a correct way to do this. You can look up like how to roll a French baguette and have some weird French dude show you how to do it properly but this is what I've been doing. I just stretch it out, kind of fold the inside over itself because you need to build tension, you need to build tension in the bread in order for it to stay upright. If you just stretch it it's going to like flop down so even like folding it over itself and just really pulling it and rolling it. So you guys can see we didn't do that nice of a job forming this so keep in mind how you form this dough right now is basically how it's going to look after it's risen and baked so if you want something really nice and presentable take your time roll this symmetrically make it pretty but realistically this is just for myself so I don't really care too much about that. So now this has to rise for about an hour. Since it's a little cold in my kitchen I'm going to have this bread rise on the heating pad over here for about an hour. After 40 minutes we're going to preheat our oven so it's a one hour total rise time and you know to save yourself some waiting you can preheat the oven so see you guys in a little bit. So bread has been rising a little bit it's actually getting a bit of a crust on top so I'm going to put a damp cloth on top. I'm not sure if that's going to prevent it from rising but I don't have a spray bottle to spray the top with water so we're going to roll with that for now it should be okay. It's been about 45 minutes so we're going to start preheating our oven to 425 and I'm going to open my window to air out the kitchen and it's ice cold getting pretty cold out now like 35 degrees so thankfully it's not a you know three hour sourdough project. The Instant Pot is nice for that initial fermentation but now with the colder weather like unless your kitchen is 75 degrees you're going to have a very difficult time getting the bread to rise correctly that fresh air is nice breathing it in but not good for the heat bill so it might take a little longer than an hour. This recipe is actually from King Arthur Flour I think it's called just type in like sourdough recipe with yeast and it's called like traditional I don't know I'll link the recipe down below from King Arthur Flour but their time for like the ferment in the Instant Pot 90 minutes is fine however the rise after that depends on the room temperature so it might take an hour and a half instead of an hour. So it's been a little longer our bread has risen a decent amount I would say probably two and a half times the size it was so it could probably go a little longer maybe we need it to time it a bit better but we're rolling with this so we're going to make some just some incisions across the top so it spreads out evenly so ovens at 425 this should take 25 30 minutes alright ovens going off because whether the spread is done or not I feel like I'm done with this video alright looks good a little hard on the outside not too hard though out smell good they look okay pretty passable and as I said this is a little hard on the outside so what you can do is you can wrap it in a towel and then when you wrap it in a towel you know it's going to kind of like steam itself so the outside is going to be softer I'm going to wait a little while to do that because I don't want it to steam too much but the bread's good to go obviously best you know fresh so the main difference between this and sourdough outside of like the obvious flavor is I've found this is actually pretty tasty even on day two and day three whereas sourdough is only really good like the first day so you know whether you have some time in the morning and you can make these fresh for lunch or later in the day and have them fresh for dinner they do taste a bit better the same day this is a nice size you know for me for a lunch sandwich with a potato chip so we might do a recipe or a video soon on on a sandwich because look we got the ham in the pork share we got roast beef available we just got some oven roast turkey breast on Frankie syringe meat so we do have some very high quality healthy deli meats that you can now make a sandwich with and I think I'm going to try it with the Giardiniera also if you want like a Chicago style beef sandwich you get the beef in beef broth that we have which is basically stewed beef and you combine that with the Giardiniera on the sandwich I'm looking forward to trying that too so that's the recipe for you guys a lot easier than sourdough the organic yeast makes it kind of foolproof kind of simple we have that available on Frankie syringe foods comm as well as the King Arthur bread flour if you guys would like to support me before I completely lose it but that'll be it for the video guys thanks for joining hey please like and share I had to I had to do this twice because I forgot to hit record on one segment so go figure but I will see you guys I guess tomorrow probably for a review video


The Components of an Effective Lesson Plan A lesson plan is a series of instructions written by the teacher on how to cover his lesson it is also a working document to refer to during the lesson at a record of the class content useful for future lessons or for other teachers. An effective lesson plan should be flexible and open to change. How a lesson plan is written depends upon the teacher. It's complicated because it doesn't exist the perfect way to write a lesson plan. It can be formal following a specific pattern or written in the form of notes but simplicity is essential. Structure Firstly, a lesson plan has to include basic elements such as date and time, name of the teacher, the expected number of students, the class. A lesson plan has to identify the purpose of the lesson itself. The learning object is the main element the lesson revolves around. The teacher has to define what is the final goal he wants the students to achieve by the end of the lesson, for example, a grammar structure, a language function or vocabulary.  They can be traditional in the form of written papers, worksheets, flashcards, texts from magazines or newspapers, and so on, or more modern, computers, internet surfing, laptops, electronic notebooks, e-readers, computer educational games. More Things to Consider After the learning goal, anticipated problems is one of the most important ingredients in a quality lesson plan. In fact, flexibility is fundamental. This means, the teacher does not have to follow blindly what he wrote but he has to be ready to change everything to meet the needs of the students. A certain degree of predictability is useful, to avoid boredom and tiredness. A lesson plan should be creative and vary from one day to the next. Anticipated Problems Consequently, anticipated problems can help the teacher to be ready to face any setback during the lesson with practical solutions. For example, if the grammar lesson is going to be particularly difficult, a teacher could include as possible solutions a more intense study face. The predictability anticipates not only the problems that students could raise but the ones the teacher might have to face because of impossibility to respect the lesson plan. Of course, this doesn't solve the problems but in the majority of the cases helps to let the lesson flow. The body of the lesson plan is the procedure. This part lists the different stages of the lesson, a typically SL lesson plan has to be accurate in every step of the pattern chosen for the lesson. The teacher will give examples of the variety of activities at his disposal to warm the class up and keep the lesson alive and fun. Moreover, a good ESL teacher knows very well that the lesson has to be centered on the student's communication reducing teacher and student's interaction to what is strictly necessary. Interaction So, the type of interaction, TS, SS, is another component required together with timing. An experienced teacher knows very well that predicting how much time every single phase will take is important to achieve the learning goal. Timing has to be realistic and has to allow to include everything is in the plan. Sometimes, a lesson plan might not produce the expected outcome. For this reason, another important characteristic to consider is self-evaluation. Teachers must evaluate their lesson to find out to what extent they have attained the aim of the lesson and what improvement can be appointed to develop teaching skills.  In conclusion, a well-planned lesson should reflect the motivation of the teachers, their desire to make the learning experience enjoyable and worthy, a genuine interest in their students and passion for teaching. Speak with an ITTT advisor today to put together your personal plan for teaching English abroad. Send us an email or call us toll-free at 1-800-490-0531 to speak with an ITTT advisor today.


Unstunned or non-stun slaughter is pretty much what it sounds like. It's slaughter without stunning. Now the law in this country requires animals to be stunned to unconsciousness prior to slaughter and this means a bolt of electricity to the head which instantly renders them completely unconscious then the slaughter takes place and the animal the idea is that the animal doesn't feel the physical pain of the slaughter or indeed the fear and distress associated. Now there is a religious exemption which allows halal and kosher meat to be produced and this is produced by cutting an animal's throat while still fully conscious. This religious exemption is a joke a very unfunny joke it allows the very people who want to carry out unstun slaughter to do so rendering the law completely meaningless. Now for Britain's policy on this is very very clear we will end all unstunned slaughter. People religious traditions will simply have to change this is the 21st century we will not allow medieval barbaric cruelty in the United Kingdom so we are clear we will remove the religious exemption and all meat produced in this country will be produced from animals who are stunned to unconsciousness prior to slaughter no exceptions it's clear it's unambiguous and we mean it we mean it I've cared deeply about animals all my life I'm not going to stop now. So yesterday I published a blog about Jonathan Bartley the co-leader of the Green Party now he said on radio that he would ban halal slaughter I even said good for him I wrote in my blog good for him well I take it all back because unsurprisingly he has now apologized for deep heart feelings that he has caused. If anyone thinks I would ever apologize for defending animals think again not in a million years. Now the Green Party policy on halal is to label it and they put this in with their animal welfare policy but this is not an animal welfare policy labelling it is is achieves absolutely nothing for the animal. It's a cop-out a cowardly political trickery cop-out policy the animal doesn't care if it's labelled or not the animal is still going to be tortured to death a label isn't going to make that any easier and I wonder how many animals were tortured to death while Jonathan Bartley was apologizing for defending them. This is animal welfare is a huge issue in this country and politicians sit up and take notice they make all the right noises or at least they do at a convenient time to a convenient audience. When I was in UKIP I was campaigning for an end to non-stand slaughter. When I was running for UKIP leader my policy was an end to non-stand slaughter. When we started for Britain my policy was to end non-stand slaughter for as long as I am active in politics my policy will be to end non-stand slaughter. I'm not concerned about people's hurt feelings I'm concerned about the animals being tortured to death I will stand my ground on this for good there is never ever going to be any bending from for Britain on this and our animal welfare policy isn't just about halal or kosher read it I'll link to it below is by far the most comprehensive wide-ranging animal welfare policy ever produced in this country and once again even more importantly is that we mean it the Greens are it's you know they want unlimited immigration and protection of green spaces they want they want to appease religious minorities as well as protect you know it's a joke it's an absolute joke they're trying to please everyone and achieving nothing typical typical politics but I'm not here to complain about the greens they can they're they'll expose themselves I'm here to say once and for all and to everyone in this country who cares about animals as I genuinely do there is only one political party that is with you there is only one party for you to join it is uncompromising in this regard we will stop cruelty to animals full stop no apologies no backtracking the end of animal cruelty is with for Britain if you care about that join us now


everybody get up it's time to suck now this movie broke me Game of Thrones is referenced in this film several times because it's a Looney Tunes movie so Game of Thrones so Casa Blanca so Mad Max Fury Road so the Matrix so a Clockwork Orange so what the f*** is this movie?


ective is to raise the, raise more money for the beneficiaries that we fund. The second part of that around accessibility is not only funding these organizations, but based on the constituents and the demographics that they serve within the arts district in Dallas, but more importantly those, they're probably a lot more cultural arts organizations that are not in the arts district. So how do we collectively help all of them in addition to the funding that we provide, reach and build partnerships, relationships with the residents and the demographics that they're serving and that's where I think the bulk of capacity building is more effective because you're not, there's not the expectation that to see a play, to see a concert that these individuals and families must come from wherever they are in the city to the arts district as opposed to us taking the arts out to them. But I think to Brent's point it's also when you look at collaboration and coalition building, all of these touch points, all of us are in the same sandbox and these touch points very much connect. So if you look at exposing kids to the cultural arts and what we might want to call, I hate labels, but what we might call low income neighborhoods, there are different priorities if you're not touching the family as a unit as opposed to just trying to expose the arts to children because if you were me back when I was in school, shortly after the Titanic sank, then you are, my thing was music. My mom came from a cultural arts background so it was very important to her even though she was raising us on her own, she had two kids in music and one in dance so that costs money. So you've got music lessons, instruments, dance lessons, what have you. Not all parents see that value even though their kids may have an interest in that, their priorities might be different. It may be rent, mortgage, car payment, bills, what have you. So if we're looking at this holistically from community spaces, public spaces, cultural arts, education, how are we reaching out and capturing the entire family unit as a whole with partnering with organizations that may also provide workforce development for the parents so that collectively we're hitting the entire unit. I think that's an exciting component from a funder's perspective as well. So when I look at my donors moving forward, I can say not only are we providing general operating grants funding for arts organizations to do what they do better, but we're also helping them reach these unique demographics across the city that they need to engage with and educate. So that's a long way of saying that it's all connected but for me it's funding and accessibility. And just to go back to kind of where you started with the question of challenge, you talked a little bit about, you first talked about the funding issue which of course is in some ways can be seen as a first step but it seemed like it was as much about kind of navigating out of the arts district and thinking about what, and I just, I'm wondering if you can just say maybe two or three more sentences about that. What do you need to build that understanding or to build the capacity within your agency to think about how that extension of resources and investment takes place? I think the sell to, for example to my donors is not a big leap. I think they would easily comprehend that. I think the greater challenge is taking advantage of the synergy that I mentioned earlier as it relates to the cultural arts in Dallas because if you look at the landscape today compared to five, 10, 15, 20 years ago, Dallas has come huge strides in the cultural arts that's due in part not only to arts organizations but also to Sarah's point earlier, there are more diverse organizations that have come online that are now being supported not only by their own efforts but by individual donors, corporate partners and foundations. So when you look at funders who get it and where we need to be, the Embry Foundation for example, which I think Lauren's still here out there somewhere. It's partnering with the cultural arts organizations to make sure that we are assisting them in moving content and programming into these communities. So for example, if I had the time and effort to go out tomorrow to raise money for this one initiative, it might be something along the lines of partnering with Jennifer in the city of Dallas and assisting our cultural arts organizations into taking program into neighborhoods using the public library systems. So most, I think most if not all, Jennifer will correct me if I'm wrong, most of, nearly all or most of the public library system, public libraries in Dallas, excuse me, have black box theaters. Most of them go largely unused because they're just not well known. So between rec centers, public library systems, assisting the grantees and taking programming into these institutions that the assets that the city already owns, I think helps move the needle. So it's partnering with our, the arts organizations that are in our portfolio and helping them do more outreach to where they're exposing more people to the arts or to public spaces, so. Great. Jennifer, I'm gonna just switch that question up a little bit. No, I'm not. Go ahead, give it a whirl and we'll see what happens. Or we could, okay. Well, I just thought because we are running short on time and I wanna, I'm feeling self-conscious because I feel like there was such great conversation after the artist panels and I know folks are really dying to kind of dig in and exchange among the group and probably in reference to a lot of the stuff that's come up in this panel. So I'm wondering if you will close us out and tell us what, from your perspective as you're looking at Culture Bank as a network of activity that could potentially touch multiple types of communities both measured by the city or even within a city in a neighborhood, what are some things that you think we should be thinking about? Yeah. You know, I'm going to start with a response to the, because I have to. You know, I've learned from lots of people who are smarter than me that sometimes the best thing that we can do is make a problem bigger. And I think in the arts. You said the best thing? Better, it's a better thing to do. So, and in the arts, I think a lot of times when we are asked the question, what's your major challenge? We do tend to think about funding and resources and audiences and things like this. In my mind, I want to make the problem bigger. What is the issue? And to me, the reason that Culture Bank came into being is largely due to the fact that we lack imagination. And as a society, we cannot get out of the boxes we are in. And it is really up to us, right? And when I think of the arts sector and all of these extraordinary public benefit institutions, large, medium, small across this country and all of the resources that go into the work that we do. And I just want to, a call to action to say, what can we do to imagine ourselves as a system that would fuel the public imagination so that we can move beyond the systems that we are in today? And so Culture Bank, you know, and this maybe is my way of trying to help close. But the reason Culture Bank came into being is because at YBCA, we want to be that place. We want to be a place that develops the conditions for all kinds of people from across sector to come together to think bigger and to imagine new paradigms and new systems. And what better place than an art center to do that? So what happened was Penelope Douglas, who is also an artist, but many of you may not know, is considered to be a true pioneer and hero in community development investment and social impact investment in this country. She's a mentor of mine, someone I've learned a great deal from. When I went to YBCA, I asked her if she would come and facilitate a cohort of YBCA fellows. They were asking questions around equity and labor and why we work at the same, and I'm done, at the same time. Yeah, at the same time, that's fine. At the same time, Penelope Douglas is at YBCA doing her artist thing and facilitating this extraordinarily large conversation about equity and about labor. She is also simultaneously because of who she is doing a residency at the San Francisco Federal Reserve Bank. So just hold that for a moment. The artists and the bankers, the conditions are swirling. We start to talk about the fact that community development investment is largely not working. Billions of dollars in investment and look at what has happened to our communities. In fact, some would argue it's done more damage than good. Social impact investment, some would argue, is not social impact investment. It still is about return and it still positions those with wealth as the most powerful people in the room, right? And that combined with the fact that we all know that there are artists like the ones we heard from today who are working across this country and having transformative impact. One classroom, one block, one neighborhood at a time. And this is a huge, largely under-realized, under-capitalized ecosystem that if it was just understood and invested in, we would have better outcomes. And so that is what I would say that we should be thinking about. Artists are essential. Arts organizations can transform themselves to be key players in more equitable development and we're seeing it more and more year over year. Thank you very much. And please, before Clyde comes up, would you join me in thanking our panel? Thank you again. Please give them a warm round of applause with Tauzy at the end of the evening. But I'd be remiss. Thank you not to mention the fact that we've been live streaming this whole time via HowlRound TV. So thank you HowlRound for supporting us and spreading the word nationally. We are also, as a result of the live stream, documenting each session. And we'll release those to the RSVPs. Feel free to forward them and share them with others. And the report in Judy Lee's presentation will include in that as well. And again, feel free to forward with others. So the last little exercise, and I'm going to need some shout-outs here. Don't be shy. I'm looking for five words. Just five words, words that have resonated with you, words that come to mind as a result of you sitting here the last three hours with us. And I don't need you to raise your hand. I just need you to shout out a word. Strange. Strange. Hold on. Strange? Exchange. Imagined. Imagine. Belonging. Belonging. Aliveness. Aliveness. Asperation. Asperation. So, help me remember those. Exchange, belonging, aspiration, imagine, and alive. Can we say it live? Alive. All right. Rob, what's up? You good? Let's do it. This is my city. This is my city. This is our city. The mic is good. The mic is checked. It's a little strange, but I'm joining y'all for this cultural exchange. Just so you can understand, this is my nation, my city. And let's melt with imagination. And still getting down just so you know that I survived. I always stay alive and I can count one to five. Doing it like this and I get very vicious.  Gotta understand and I respect them all. We'll be the talk of the town more than a tiny wrecking ball. Let me see what's next. Let me spit just like this. Grab the mic with a nice grip and still coming through when it's a legend I am living. I'm known to imagine kind of like John Lennon, but we're still getting down. Shout out to the people doing it for the love and not really for the evil. You gotta understand it's for community development. We know how to work together. Disregard my levelings and still getting down. Come on, somebody tell me. Dallas's ecosystem is getting real healthy. We got strides and let's make the exchange. Let's have a conversation. Let's go through the pain and doing it like this and respect all of it. Let's talk about it at Happy Hour with skin politics. Ah, thank you ladies and gentlemen. We appreciate you. My name's Rafael Tamayo, please. Let's go have a nice little chat at Happy Hour. Thank you to all of the panelists. Thank you to everybody involved. Give yourselves a round of applause. And let's go have some bites and some drinks with DJ Skin Politics. Thank you.


OK, welcome to the second day of the workshop. And the first speaker is Costa Scanderis, and he will tell us about holography for an equal one. Super quantum field theory. Thank you very much. Thank you for organizing this nice conference, and also for giving me the opportunity to give this talk. It's the first time I talk in this amphitheater. I do have fond memories from my graduate students in one of the high CTP summer schools, and it's nice to be from this side of the audience. I also like to encourage discussion during the talk. It's very early in the morning, and if we start discussing, everybody is going to wake up. So let's start. So as everybody here knows, the best to distribute holographic dualities between N equals 4 to 3 equals N, 8 years 5 versus 5. Since the very early days of ADS-CFT, it was a significant amount of effort was devoted into obtaining dualities with less symmetry and not conformance symmetry. So what I will do today is I will try to address some of the same issues that were discussed 25 years ago, but not a bit more systematically. So I will address these issues systematically for N equals 1 deformations of N equals 4 super Young Mills, and many of the things I will discuss have generalization in other dimensions or with theories with less symmetry, but I will try to stay with the cleanest possible setup, so see how far we can go. And then towards the end, I will analyze the simplest case of this class of theories, which is the N equals 1 star super Young Mills theory. So before I move on to the discussion, what the references are, the first part would be based on a paper with my student Stanislaw Smith that should appear, hopefully, this month. And the last part, which is about the N equals 1 star and the uplifted 10 dimensions, will be based on the paper that appeared last month plus ongoing work. And I should also say that it was worth it to appear simultaneously by Nikolai and his collaborators, Nikolai sitting there. And I encourage you also to read both papers and discuss the both of us. I should also say that many of these things is based on work done many, many years ago. And I would have needed many slides to put all the references right here. I just list some names. So many of the things we will discuss is based on things already done 20 years ago. But there is something that could not have been done 20 years ago. And this is the last part of the talk because at the time, while people were expecting that maximally supergravity theory of five dimensions is a consistent irrigation of type 2B, it was not known whether this is actually true. And also, the actual formulas was not known. This problem was finally solved a few years ago. And we're going to use the formulas that they obtain in this paper. So I also like to encourage people to kind of look at this paper and use this because a lot of interesting physics can be extracted using these uplifts as I will argue in this talk. OK, so the outline of this talk is I will kind of give a longer introduction first. Then I will discuss how to reverse the logic. So usually, at least let's say in the beginning, one would start from the supergravity in five dimensions and try to learn things about quantum field theory. And often, these computations would be very challenging. At least some of those you can actually circumvent by, if you understand well enough the quantum field theory, you can actually go the other way around and get information about the supergravity directly from quantum field theory. In particular, we'll see that we can obtain the potentials, the relevant potentials from the supergravity theory with a very simple argument. Then after that, we'll pause and then start discussing this classification of N equals one deformations of N equals four swimming young mills. And finally, we'll go to the simplest case, which is the N equals one star theory, the GPP solution, it's uplift, and I'm gonna give a summary of the properties and a few words about the outlook. And then we'll conclude. OK, so any question on the generalities before I move to my introduction? OK, so let's move to the introduction. So let me briefly summarize the basics. This should be very well known to the people that grew up in that period, but some things are forgotten as people move on to discuss other things. So how do you go about obtaining non-conformant dualities if you know maximally symmetric conformal ones? So first of all, knowing that there is an ADS-CFT dual, means in particular you understand how to map the operators from one side to the other. And the operators that we understand best are the half-PPS operators. And this half-PPS operators, the holographic duals are bulk supergravity fields of specific mass, which depend on the dimension of the operator. So this formula here is for scalars, but the discussion is more general. So if you start, if you only wanna do supergravity, the only thing you have access to is this half-PPS operators. Or the other stuff you have to understand by extending the duality to string theory, which is still in its infancy. So now suppose you have an ADS-CFT dual like N-quash-wash-bearing-mills and ADS-5-quash-S5, then the next step is to go to a quantum field theory and to do that is you can just deform the Lagrangian of your theory by adding, deforming it by one of these operators. And to do that, what the thing that you require to do is you require to turn on a field with specific boundary conditions. So if this is a scalar field of dimension delta, then you require that the boundary condition should be of this form over here. And then the coefficient of this term is just the coupling, the new coupling in your Lagrangian. Now once you have that set up, so you have your supergravity theory that describes gravity coupled with scalar field, this specific scalar field, then the next step is to find supergravity solutions with that admit this boundary conditions. And now this gives you the uniform theory. So that's the strategy. So the strategy was very clear kind of shortly afterwards, the ADS-CFT conjecture. Okay, a few remarks. So first of all, in general, the normalization group flow, so once you put this operator here, then the theory will start running because it's not formal anymore. And generically, this will reduce further operators, making the problem pretty much uncontrollable, at least in generality. So to avoid such issues, one often considers single scalar truncations on the supergravity side. Now truncations, consistent truncations on the supergravity side means that on the quantum field theory side, this operator is closed under a piece, so that it lists a subsector where the dynamics is controlled just by the fields that you kept. So now once, so now we need to have single scalar truncations of supergravity, and then starting from the full theory, the maximum of the supergravity theory, you need to find a way to extract what is the dynamics of that subsector. And this means, in particular, extracting the potential for such truncations. So this is really an art on its own and often requires curriculum efforts that only a few people on a planet can do. And this restricts a lot of what you can do because it's very difficult to extract the potentials and therefore find the solutions. So people from there on kind of move to kind of, most people move to bottom up approaches. You just postulate the potential and then you see what you can get. Now suppose you found the potential and the next step is to find supergravity solutions with these boundary conditions. This will give you some information about the system, not all information. Ideally, one should uplift this back to 10 dimensions because it's the 10 dimension solution that encodes information about the entire system. Good. So what we're gonna do in this stock is we're gonna try to focus on simple enough cases so that most of the steps are tractable and we can understand them fully. So we'll start from non-normalization theorems in supersymmetric guanouville theories. This will give us exact results about specific kinomization group flaws and then we will use gauge gravity duality to geometize these results and finally use the framework of say fake supergravity which I will explain to obtain the corresponding potential. So instead of kind of doing the hard work on the supergravity side, here we're gonna use the fact that we have a control about the specific kinomization group flaw and this will allow us to extract the potential and then go back to find the full dual, okay? Yes. Yes. Yes. They're not, actually, they're not general rules. It's just, it's case by case. You saw how, in some cases, they're global symmetries that tells you that certain coefficients are zero and most of the cases that were consistent truncations were found using this kind of symmetry arguments. There is some synclet under some symmetry group and you know that this synclet is not gonna mix with something else and then I can use the same argument on the other side. So you have some operators that transform under some symmetry groups and then the symmetry can allow you to kind of select which operators can appear on the right hand side. I think in all non-consistent truncations there is an underlying symmetry behind it. Yes, and I don't know any counter example. I don't know if anybody in the audience know a counter example to that. Yeah, that's a little bit more general. Yes, yes. Yeah, some underlying structure that. But I think in general, let's say from the QFT to gravity hasn't been used so much. Kind of, you see what you know from, I mean we used it in one paper where we started massive truncations and then the guiding principle was indeed, what happens on the QFT and therefore some massive field. You would see here, I'm gonna have a few more examples where you expect new truncations that doesn't look possible a priori but the dynamics suggest that it should be possible. Any other question? So what is off-shell potential? Off-shell means I don't evaluate it on the solution. The actual potential, yes, the full potential. Includes all dynamics. Would be, let's say, from the way I derive it, it would look like I have only the on-shell potential. So I put the comment there to discriminate between that case. Okay, so how do we go from corner theory to supergravity? So let me now first kind of give you a little bit of a longer introduction about this holographic G-Flows. Now first on general grounds, you expect that the solution should have the form indicate over here which is also called domain world type. So you expect this because you know the corner field theory should only have Poincare symmetry. So this part here should be flat. And then as you go to infinity where the conformal boundary is, this factor here should approach R so that this metric becomes a yes. And then this scalar field, as I discussed earlier, should have the boundary condition indicate over here, encoding the deformation. Now there is a similar case where if the RG-Flows is not driven by deformation, but you are in a different vacuum, you have a condensate. So for instance, in N-quash-Forsch-Pilger-Mülsch, you can see it in the Coulomb branch. And then in that case, there is a similar discussion where now the scalar field instead of having this fall-off behavior, it has that one. And then in this case, describe security with condensate where the coefficient, this coefficient there is now proportional to the condensate of the corresponding operator. Yeah, that's the setup. Now suppose we have a holographic G-Flom which means the solution of this type exists. Now there is a simple argument that leads to first-order formulation. So if it happens that this field is invertible, then this implies there is a first-order formulation given by these two equations. This equation here is actually what defines this what is called a FHP potential. So if you again, suppose you have, you know the existence, you assume the existence of a holographic G-Flow, therefore this function exists. Then if you take its derivative and you evaluate it, then you invert the scalar field and you put it here. This gives you this potential and then automatically the scalar field satisfies the second one. Okay, so now that's a very simple diagnostic. Suppose you obtain your solution numerically, then if it is monotonic, then that would exist and then this would imply the corresponding first-order equations. And then that automatically implies that the potential is given in terms of this W which is obtained via this root, via this formula. Now, this discussion here has been running in many different directions in many different ways. So the same system you can also get by Hamilton Jacobi theory. And the same system also follows if you have supersymmetry and then W is the actual superpotential that governs the supersymmetry of the system. But this discussion does not assumes any supersymmetry. Now, why and then also some people use this as a differential equation to find W, which is of course, it's a very hard job because this is now a partial differential in general, is a complicated nonlinear differential equation. But yeah, this is a very simple construction that only uses kind of the fact that this is invertible. Now, if you have the theory, gravity theory with such a potential, there are a lot of nice things are happening. So for example, this theory is to draw a positive energy theorem. And now it turns out that the solutions that saturate, that have the lowest energy solutions of the system are precisely the solutions that satisfy this equation. So these domain wall solutions or the lowest energy solutions are allowed among all solutions with the same boundary conditions. And then this implies that this solution here is stable at the perturbations, both at the small perturbations, and under some additional assumptions also non-preturbatively. So you kind of gain a lot of mileage out of this. Now, but we're gonna use this formalism in a kind of inverted way to try to get the potential from the actual solution. So let's see how this goes. Now in holographic or G-floss, the beta function is related also to the space potential via a formula, via this formula over here, where R is now associated to the energy scale of the quantum field theory. So post now, we know the beta function exactly. Somebody gave it to us, and we'll see examples in a minute. Then we can just combine the ingredients we just had. These two equations together with this one. And then I get an order in differential equation for the superpotential as a function of R, which can be very easily integrated. And here's the formula. And again, combining the equations, now you get an equation that relates phi with W. And now we're ready to solve for this. And then we can obtain, we can just solve for the scale of field. And now if we invert this relation, now we solve it, we invert it, plug it back here, and then we get the superpotential, and then we plug it back here, and we get the potential. This argument could have been written down 20 years ago, and I don't know why nobody has written it, but it's very simple. You just combine the equations, you have three equations in hand, and just combine them, and then you quickly get the potential that governs the dynamics. To summarize, yes. You mean this one? Yes. Well, this one is again comes from intuition that the TT component of the metric with the appropriate redshift measures the, it's giving you the energy scale of the theory, and then you just combine the ingredients. You can view it, I view it as a postulate rather than, and then what I'm gonna discuss from here on, and provide support to this postulate. It depends on which dimension it is. I will discuss many examples as we move on. So this here again, you have if you look back in my, so you start with a scalar operator that has this mass, then you know there is an operator of dimension delta, and then you run this argument, and then what would be running is the running of this coupling. Now it's not the running of the gauge coupling which sits in here, it's the running of the deforming operator. Okay, so to summarize this part, given the beta function, we can obtain the potential as that's the slogan. So one, do we actually know the beta function? So that's the next question. So before I move on, any more questions, okay? So now suppose you have spesometric theories, then spesometric theories, I mean the oldest of the, we know that the oldest of the non-normalization theorems tell us that there are no corrections to the superpotential. So suppose we modify the superpotential by just deforming it with a scalar superfilt. Okay, then the beta function for this operator will be given by this expression. So there are some parts because this is the classical dimension of the deforming operator. And in general, they can be the operator can have an anomalous dimension. So that will happen if there's wave functionalization of the fundamental fields. So there will not, there are not gonna be any corrections to the superpotential. But if the fundamental fields, if you need to do wave functionalization, that would use some anomalous dimension to the operator and then we'd modify the beta function. Now suppose in addition, that this operator actually has anomalous, has protected dimension. Then this part goes away, that's zero. And now this equation can be readily integrated. And this is a solution. Again, associating the radius with the normalization group scale. And we see that this is the beta function. So here's an example. Or we actually know the beta function exactly. So what happens if we now use this beta function in the formulas I gave you earlier? Okay, that's what you get. This is the superpotential and this is the potential. So then one can ask, has this superpotential and potential appear before? The answer is yes, there are many, many cases and I will review one of the cases as we move on. Our explicit realization, one of this happens. So considering, again, line equals four should be young mills. It's half BPS operators have no anomalous dimension. Now any course for should be young mills can be expressed in n equals one language. And some of the half BPS operators are actually f terms from the perspective of the n equals one theory. So now the point is to deform n equals four using any of these operators. Yes, and that's what we're gonna do. Good, any questions? Yes. In this case, nothing is running. So there's no scheme dependence. Yes, so there is scheme. So once you start moving to more and more complicated cases, there are questions of scheme. There's also questions, what is the precise identification between the radial coordinate and the enumeration groups? Okay, all of this are there. And I think the literature is a little bit kind of not very clear. I would kind of start from the best understood cases and move progressively to more and more complicated because then you're gonna meet kind of less kind of complications and resolve them as you move on. I think that there would be issues to be resolved. Any other questions? Okay, so now this leads us to kind of the main part of the talk. So we need to understand n equals one deformations of n equals four speaking in mills. Okay, so first let me remind you that the falcon of n equals four speaking in mills in n equals one language is three car or multiple z sub i and one vector multiple it. Once you write the theory in n equals one language, the r symmetry group of the theory, which is as you four, as you four is now broken to as you three cross you one. And then the action take the form I indicate over here. So as in all n equals one systems, in the sense that there are three functions to give. One is the scalar potential, which for n equals four is given by kind of a trivial kinetic term. Then we have the gage kinetic function, which in this case is also trivial. It's just the gage coupling with that angle. And then we have the user's potential. So now the question we want to ask is how do we deform each of these three cases using half DPS operators is again. So if we want to study holographically, n equals one theories, then we have to do the only thing we can do is use half DPS operators in our disposal. There are other deformations, which are not one cannot study using holography. But if you want to use the usual tools, then that's what we have. So we need to identify which parts of half DPS operators to form the super potential, the gage kinetic term and the scalar potential. Now once you go, you block the symmetry, you go to n equals one, then the bottom components of carus super fields may condense. So if you want to study those holographically, we also need to identify where this component sits in a half DPS operators of n equals four super meals. Because this would give you a holographic access to this information. So I think the main message of this talk is that we have classified all of these cases. Now if I had maybe two hour talk, I would have gone through it slowly in all detail. So I'm not gonna give you all the details. I'm gonna give you a sketch and a feeling of how it goes. But the actual paper would contain all cases. Yes. So if you want, so basically this program, now I can go and do for Clevon of Whith and the Lagrangian. So you're gonna call the field theory Lagrangian. I know the field theory. I know what happens in the field theory. And I know exactly how to identify which fields are turned on on the super gravity side. And I will try to make this a little bit more clear in the next few slides. Okay, so let me, first a quick reminder about half DPS operators of n equals four super meals. So the super performer primaries are given by these metric traceless combinations of the traces of the six scalars. So phi i are the six scalars. And then the rest of the half DPS operators are obtained as a super conformal descendants. If you put P equals two here, then this is the energy momentum multiplied and this corresponds to the GH super gravity multiplied. If you look for P greater than two, then this corresponds to the Kaluzha Klein modes or the five sphere. Now the structure of this multipliers has been fully understood. So here I gave it for the P equals two. So in general, for general P, so P equals two, P equals three are special. For P equals four, they form this kind of diamond shape. Then you start from the top, from the super performer primaries. So for P equals two, this is again phi i, phi j, and then you move down by acting with supercharges. So here in the boxes, I denote the SU-4 representations and then in the brackets, it gives you the Lawrence indices. So this is the scalar, this is the fermion, this is the soft dual form, a scalar and so on. And you fill up all the multipliers. Again, P equals two and P equals three are special for P equals four, a generic. Now the way the mapping is happening in the bulk is like putting them, stacking them on top of each other. So you start with P equals two, which is, so this is the multipliers I just described. Then P equals three has this shape, P equals four, then it's the full diamond. Then you stack them on and then corresponding to each of them, if you go vertically up, you have the kaluzak line modes from the various 10 dimensional fields. So then you know exactly where things appear. So if one tells you that you want, let's say, you're in P equals three and you want the mode, then you have to look at the bottom component of the under symmetric tensor in 10 dimensions and so on. Okay, so we know how to go from the SU four for the kind of super conformal primaries to supergravity. But now what we're interested in is, again, we're interested in doing the n equals one problem. So the next thing we need to do is we need to kind of break the representations from the SU four to SU three equals one. And here I give you the corresponding kind of branching ratios. So the 20 is decomposes into six bar eight and six and so on and how they act. So now we understand and assess how they decompose. We still now need to organize them into n equals one multiplets. And we know how to do this. We know how to cover all of this with n equals one multiplets. But in particular, we're interested in this problem of deformation. So we need to identify f terms, d terms, kind of the gen gena multiplets and the condensates. So for that, you need to do then the composition with in chiral superfields. For just chiral superfields, it's very simple. You just need to go kind of to the left. So this is a chiral superfield starting from z square. And this is the top component. And you can do this now with all the multiplets. So now let's now analyze in a little bit more detail this case because it's the simplest case where everything sits within supergravity. So in this case, we start with the chiral primary. So first I go to this complex basis. So this is z i z j. And then I supersymmetrize. And then I turn this into superfields. So the superfield is has this is the bottom component where we have a fermion and then the f term. So now what we want to do is again, we want to deform the superpotential. So we're interested in turning on a term of that type. Okay, so now if we put it in, now if we do any cos one, it's off shell. So there are auxiliary fields and then you need to integrate them out. So that's an additional complication. So once you integrate the auxiliary fields, you get the Lagrangian of that form. So now I deform the theory. I have the n equals four Lagrangian plus these two terms. Here there again. So this first term in red is what we wanted to do. So we wanted to add a mass term for the scalars. But now because we integrate out the auxiliary fields, we automatically generated an additional term. And this additional term in terms of as you see representations, it has a component which is in the eight and component which is in the one. And actually the eight is part of the 20. So here if you see the decomposition I have over here, so the 20 decompose to six and eight and six. So the eight that we get here is this eight. So if I just do this, do that, then I need to include two bulk scalar fields. So I also have to turn on the scalar field that corresponds to the eight of the 20. Then this is gonna be a two scalar case. I want to be as simple as possible. So we need to project out this. And one can project this out by considering this matrix M, which in general is symmetric traceless. It's a symmetric. Just consider the diagonal elements. And if the diagonal, this projects out the eight. Now there's still one, and this one is the Konishi operator. Now in the supergravity limit, the Konishi operator decouples. So it's not gonna be visible. So we now have to worry about the Konishi. Although this may be related to the fact that we see later that the actual solution is gonna turn out to have a naked singularity. So to really describe the system, in principle, we have to have access to the Konishi. Okay, so now to summarize, if we're interested in the N equals one star theory, which is the theory with three equal masses, then the only thing we need to do is we need to turn on this operator where the M is diagonal. So now we have a case with a single scalar, and this is consistent of its own because from the quantum field theory answer. So now I can use what I did earlier because everything I said earlier now exactly applies to this case. And Planck delta equals three, D equals four to the formulas I had earlier, and this is the formula for the superpotential and this is the formula for the potential. That's precisely the superpotential and the potential which we worked out by TPPZ with a lot, a lot of work. We actually spend a lot of time reproducing the potential the way they've done it. I mean, this would require, I would think, a two-hour lecture to explain it fully. And then here comes for free. It also tells you what is the physics behind it. So the physics behind it is, that says there's only classical running. Now the general P generalizes, so the story is very similar, so you start with now the full diamond, and if you want the formations of that form, so this is superpotential deformations, and then this is the corresponding superfield. All of this are Kaluzak line modes which are associated with the under-symmetric tensor with the likes on the S5. The details are very similar to the P equals two case, and like in the case of the P equals two case, when you integrate out the auxiliary fields, you get a lot of extra terms. In this case, it was just one term, but you get similarly many other terms. And in all cases, there is precisely one of those is Kyra primary, so the generic case requires two scalars, but you can always arrange so that you project that additional scalar out, and then you left just with the one that you want to deform the theory. So this argument suggests that there exists massive single scalar consistent locations of type to be supergravity with the potential that they gave earlier. So that's a challenge for the supergravity community. So now let me briefly discuss the other cases. So now if you want to deform the gauge kinetic function, then the corresponding F term comes from here, so now you start from this nut and you move down. So if I now start with, so this is gonna describe this kind of deformation, so that deforms the function from just the gauge coupling to z to the P minus two, and then you can discuss all of them. So that would be very interesting to kind of analyze combining with kind of diagram of our technology from 15 years ago, understand the better functions and so on, but we haven't done that. And finally a few terms about D term deformations. Clearly D terms are a lot more possibilities. D term deformations appear only for P greater or equal to four, one that we have the full diamond in the representation, and one result that I would like to point out is that there is a class of deformations which is characterized by a harmonic function, namely function satisfying this condition given by this expression. So that's a general result. So if you do a D term deformation of N equals one, then equals one, it would be characterized by this general function. And again this, I think there's a lot more room to be analyzed, a lot more room for analysis. Okay, so now let's move on to condensates. Now N equals four speaking mills does not have accurate that's potentially break N equals four to N equals one. However, if we first deform the theory to N equals one, then there would be condensates. In particular for the N equals one star case, we know that the condensates have the form I give over here. So this M here is the deformation I discussed earlier. So the condensate is related to the mass of the theory. And there is this exponential factor here that comes from non-perceptive effects. But now in the large tough limit, if you take strictly lambda goes to infinity, this factor just goes to one. And we left with W square proportional to M cubed. Then this implies that there is an RG type equation for the condensate which is given over here. And it's the analog of the RG equation so we were discussing earlier. And then one can run again the same argument. I had earlier when I derived the potential from the RG equation. In this case, the fixed potential is this one. And then you can combine it with the fixed potential we obtained earlier to get that one. And from here you can get the potential. And that agrees exactly with the GPP0 result where they derived the potential for the entire system, the M and the sigma field. And again this clarifies what does the underlying physics behind this potentials. And here you get both of them with almost back of the envelope computation. Okay, so what I'm gonna do next is now I'm gonna focus on the GPP solution and discuss its uplift. Any questions? Sigma I got from, so sigma is the field which is due to the operator W squared. And so now if you go back to the difference between the two RG plus is in this kind of different behavior. And that translates to, you can get the same formula as you had earlier but you take D minus delta to minus delta and that gives you the formula. So if you do this replacement in this formula that gives you the formula for the condensate. It is really completely analogous. You follow the same steps. The only difference is you trade delta for D minus delta. Yes? I don't know, I haven't really, I mean it's clearly a lot of things to analyze in this cases. And now we have access to this holographically because some would be sick. Or they were, I don't know, I haven't analyzed those. Any other questions? Okay, five minutes for the uplift. Okay, first let's go back to the GPP solution. So the questions are actually, this first of the questions are very simple and they can be solved by terms of elementary functions. Here is the solution. So M and sigma are the norms of the complex sources. Actually that's one of the questions I had for many years because from the point of field theory it was clear that you need M and sigma to be complex but the access to gravity had the real fields. And it wasn't clear for long time, at least to me, it wasn't clear. Is it the real part, is it the norm and so on? It is actually the norm of the complex sources. But now this solution actually has an naked singularity. Iphone uses groups as criterion then the singularity should be acceptable if we have C1 and C2 to integration constants and if they satisfy this relation then they're acceptable according to groups as criteria. But of course, okay, this is more diagnostic. I think one needs to kind of go deeper to understand whether the singularities are physical or not. And the solution was proposed to be dual to one of the confining vacua of N equals one star. I mean N equals one star has a rich vacuum structure which I don't have the time to review here. In particular there are confining vacua and then this author's here, one of which is our chair, will propose that this should be dual to one of the confining vacua. I can feel here as I said, the complex are complex. So as a first step and it's clear this faces do play a role. So we need to generalize the solution to include the faces. Secondly, I can feel theory as I reviewed earlier in the limit of infinite tough coupling. The condensate should be proportional to the mass cubed, where M is again the deformation parameter. Now engage gravity duality, we expect such relations to come from a regularity of the solution. However, for no choice of the integration constants the solution is regular. So that points out towards that perhaps solutions and physical. And there is also a computation from 2000 where they actually find a massless state which contradicts the claim that this is describes confining solutions or perhaps the solution is dual to a Coulomb vacuum of the theory. Finally, there was a proposal for a 10 dimensional dual of any Coulomb sphere by Puczynski Strassler which looked quite different from what we have over there. So for a long time there was a question what is the relation to GPBZ if any. And now to address some of these issues one really needs the 10 dimensional solution and that was not possible for a long time because we didn't know how to do that. Although I should say Kristof was sitting there that had an enormous progress around 2000 they almost got it. So sometimes the singularities in lower dimensions are resolved if we go to higher dimensions. And furthermore the 10 dimensional solution condense a lot more information than the five dimensional one. In particular one can extract the best of kind of primaries due to collusion client fields and that will help understand the physics of the solution. And also having directly a 10 dimensional solution should allow us to kind of compare with what Puczynski Strassler did. As I said earlier, the D equals five maximum gauge of the gravity is a consistent location of type to be should be gravity with very explicit formulas for uplift provided here. So that's what we did. So first we generalize the GPPZ solution to complex M and Sigma and then uplifted the general solution to 10 dimensions. Now it turns out that the phases of this complex fields in the beginning looked surprising. I don't think it's as surprising anymore but in any case here it is. So these phases are accounted by combination of rotation in S5 which corresponds to an r-symmetry transformation from the quantum field theory side and a rotation of a U1 inside the SO2 of type to be from the quantum field theory side this U1 is what the relegator called bonus U1 which is only present in the infinite tough limit. So the 10 dimensional metric and action in a lot of fields agree exactly with what Christoph had with one and two thousand. Now we have also all p-forms. All p-forms are turned on and then that solution is not that complicated. It's always given in terms of elementary functions. In our archive submission we also provided a mathematical file with a solution. So if you wanna play with it, it's all there or if you wanna check again it satisfies Einstein's equations. You can look at the mathematical file so I'm not gonna flash the solution. I'm just gonna describe some of its features. First singularity, so the singularity is exactly as it was described in this 2000 paper. So first of all the solution is still singular in 10 dimensions but the singularity is milder in 10 dimensions than in five. So in particular there is either a ring singularity in the internal space on the S5 if C2 is less than C1 or there is both a radial singularity and an angular singularity if these are equal. So I think this looks to me more singular so I tend to think the actual physical case is this one. But there is a curious observation that we made in the paper that if one considers different conformal frames so we have scalar fields which are non-trivial so a dilaton and an axion. So in general you can consider a new metric which is rescaled by these fields. Then I can make the metric almost completely regular. So for the case C2 less than C1 one can arrange so there is a singularity only on one point and it's five and it's regular everywhere else. And then in the case of C1 equal to C2 one can arrange but there is only singularity in the radial direction. Now what is the physics of this scaling? I don't know, I think at this point it's just an observation. So we also looked at the near boundary behavior. This is the beginning of understanding how to extract the vevs for the Calusa Klein modes. So we find agreement with an earlier work of Friedman and Minahan from 2000 where they did the special case. The boundary conditions that we're using, namely the non-normalizable modes are exactly the same with what Pochinsky's stressor use. But the subletting terms are different from those of Pochinsky's stressor and this implies that what they give as a solution actually doesn't solve the equations of motion. So I think that puts a big question mark about the validity of that solution. Okay, so what is next? So now we have the 10 dimensional solution. We explicitly check the type to be equations hold at generic points. But they can be delta function sources. A solution may be supported by brains. And checking for those is clearly much harder. To diagnose for possible delta function sources one may integrate the field equations against test functions and integrate overall space. So if there would be no delta function sources that should give zero. If the delta function sources one should get something which is non-zero. Because we're currently doing this. This is the results we have up to this point. First, they're definitely now saving brains into the system. So I think Christoph and Warner speculated about the solutions may involve seven brains but there's definitely not seven brains. There are no sources for seven brains. There are also no five brains localized away from the position of the 5D singularity. But there may be five brains localized in the position of the 5D singularity. That we have and we still have to do the complete analysis here. But they're still open at this point. And there's no, it doesn't seem also there are any other brains on the ones that I list over here. Yes, so the outlook. Okay, so we need to compute further variables to decide what the solution represent. Perhaps it's unphysical or perhaps represent some of the other vacuum of n equals one star. It's not clear at this point. And one way to do this is to use this program of Kaluzakline calligraphy that allows to extract the vacuum expectation values of the color primaries which are due to Kaluzakline fields. And then you can compare with one filter expectations depending on what vacuum you have to see whether you get the same or something different. So that's the outlook of that. Okay, so I need questions on this. So next I'm gonna have one slide of conclusions. Yes, yeah. So let me, so I summarized the start of the last part. So now let me briefly summarize the first part. So what I discussed today is I discussed how to classify n equals one deformations of n equals four should be in meals. We also discuss how to obtain supergravity potential for single scalar sectors directly from the quantum field theory. And this relies on knowing the beta function exactly. So clearly it would be interesting to generalize that to other cases where we understand the quantum field theory dynamics. This results suggest single scalar trangations of massive modes which is surprising from the supergravity perspective and it should be checked. And also novel trangations that involve just a few fields, let's say a couple of fields that should also be tractable. And I focused this discussion for d equals four but most of the discussion extend to other dimensions and other theories. It would be very interesting to do the same for AB and GM and three dimensions. For example, the potential for d equals three and delta equals one or two already appeared in the literature. Okay, thank you.