All right. Welcome back everyone. I also started recording of this lecture. I'm sorry, I think I didn't mention that in the earlier class that it was being recorded. So this lecture is also being recorded. I've just started the recording. All right, let's take some questions. There's a question there from John Paul in John 3.8. What does it mean? It comes from, oh my god. There's a good. Okay. So good question then. John chapter 3 verse 8. So in talking about the new birth, this being born again, receiving life from above or being born anew.  Because unless a man is born again, you cannot enter or cannot see the kingdom of God. Nicodemus says, you know, how can a man go back into his mother's womb and be born again? So he's thinking of the natural. And how can that happen? And then Jesus explains to him, you have to be born of water and the spirit. You're born of water and spirit. So the water indicates two things for us. One, water and spirit. Water indicates the natural and spirit. This is a spiritual birth. So the first time you're born naturally, it's a natural birth, second time it's a spiritual birth. But in terms of the details, like we saw there from 1 Peter 1, 23 and Titus chapter 3 verse 5, we saw that when we are born again, we are born of the word and the spirit. And very interestingly, both the word and the spirit are represented by water.  Ephesians 5, same thing in Titus 3, 5, the work of the Holy Spirit is also referred to as water. So the second meaning there of water can represent that spiritual element, the word and the spirit. But to understand it in its context, water means natural. What the conversation was about between Jesus and Nicodemus, water represents the natural. The spirit represents the work of the spirit. It's a spiritual birth. And then Jesus says that and then he says in verse 7, he says, don't marvel that I say to you, you must be born again. And then in verse 8, he says, look, the wind is blowing. You can feel the wind. You know it is happening. But you don't know the details. You don't know where it's coming from. You don't know where it's going. But you know what's happening. And Jesus says, so is everyone who's born of the spirit, meaning he's drawing a comparison here. He says, just like the wind blowing, you know it's happening, even though you don't know all the details, where it's coming from, where it's going. He says, in the same way when somebody is born of the spirit, you know what's happening. You know it has happened, but you don't know all the details. You can't give all the details about it. Okay, this moment, this second, this is how it happened. You know, you can't give all those details, but you know, and you can't question it. Just like when you feel the wind blowing, I mean, you don't doubt it. It's there. You can feel it. Even though you don't know where it's coming from, where it's going. So is everyone who's born of the spirit, meaning it's the same way. You know it has happened, even though you don't have all the details of how and when exactly and so on. But it's happened. You can feel it. You know it's there. So he's talking about the knowing aspect of it. You know when you're born of the spirit, even though you don't have all the details of the dynamics of it. Does that help John? Okay, good. Any other questions? Okay, please go ahead. Yeah, Pastor, as we were talking about the new creation in Christ, one thing that came to my mind was like, there are still some things that remain the same just as you mentioned that the physical appearance doesn't change and things like that. So if I look at the sinful nature of my capacity to sin, it is still there. So what are some factors that prevents a born-again believer from overcoming those things that remain the same, even though this is true in the spiritual, but there are the capacity to sin and things like that. There's a tug of war between flesh and the spirit. So what makes me give in and not able to overcome? Right. So people, good question. We are going to delve into details on this as we progress, but let's just give a concise answer to this. So when we are born again and we become a new creation, we become a new creation in our spirit, but our soul and our body has not changed. So, you know, example, just as an example, suppose I was a college student when I was born again. Maybe I was 18 years of age example, and I give my life to Christ. Now, in my spirit, that moment, I'm born again. I'm a new creation and Christ becomes to me, wisdom from God. That means God's wisdom is available. But in my soul, which is my mindful and emotions, I'm still an 18-year-old. I don't become, you know, some big person who knows everything. No, in my soul, I'm still 18 years old, whatever, you know. In my body, I'm still at that level. Now, here's the important thing. When we become new creation, the power of sin over our lives is broken. That means sin no longer has dominion over us spiritually. But the soul, which is the mindful and emotions, has to be renewed. And the body, when I say body, I'm talking about the flesh, which are the evil, sinful desires of the body, need to be crucified. So in the spirit, we have become new creation. We receive the life and the nature of God. We are partakers of divine nature. The new creation is created in holiness and righteousness. So we have the capacity to live free from sin. But the problem is our soul needs to be renewed. Our soul, our mind thinks very like the world. And the flesh, the desires need to be crucified. So what happens if a believer does not renew his mind or crucify the flesh? We end up with what Paul calls as a carnal Christian. We read about this in Romans 8 and 1 Corinthians 3. That means in the spirit, they are new creation, but their mind and their flesh dominate. So they end up doing things that are wrong, some of the time, or maybe even better part of the time. So the life that God has given in the spirit doesn't come through. We don't, like Paul says, they don't put on the new man. To put on the new man means what's in truth in the spirit now has to be seen outside. To put on the new man, Ephesians 4, 24. They don't put on the new man, so people can't see. And people see, they still see them living by their unrenewed mind and their evil desires of flesh. And so they can't see it. So the answer to your question is, we are new creation in the spirit. The power of sin in our lives has been broken. Sin will not dominate us, but we need to renew our soul. We need to crucify the flesh, which we can and we know the truth. So that's why, you know, we will come to this later when we talk about identification, that this is the unveiling of this truth. And when we understand it, we will live victorious. Thank you. Thank you best. Let's take Isaac's question. Isaac, are all Christians that go to church in Christ? The answer to your question, Isaac, is no. Like what we have just read. When a person is born again, that means they have received Christ. That is when they come into Christ. So there are a lot of people that go to church and they go to church as a ritual, they go to church as a social obligation. They go to church for all kinds of reasons. They are not in Christ, but when a person is born again, then that person comes into Christ. John Paul, a follow-up question. A follow-up question to the previous question. We're in Titus III, but through the washing regeneration, we're in the Holy Spirit. Does washing of regeneration mean what about this? Titus III-V is not referring to water baptism. It's referring to the action of the Holy Spirit that regenerates and renews. But his action is like that of the water. So it's just a typology or an analogy that's being used there. So we shouldn't get confused with the word washing and immediately think of water baptism. No, because the Holy Spirit water is also a symbol of the Holy Spirit. John chapter 7, verse 37, 38, 39 just says, out of our innermost being will flow reverse of living water. So water is a symbol of the Holy Spirit. Water is also a symbol of the word of God. So here in Titus III-V, he says, the work of the Holy Spirit that brings about regeneration and renewing is like the action is like washing. Why? Because you're getting rid of the old, getting rid of all the dirt and bringing something new. So that's why it's used the washing of regeneration and renewing of the Holy Spirit. So it's really talking about the action of the Holy Spirit. It's just using that language to describe to us what Elisha, can I say that when our spirit is opened up and is given the capacity to commune with God. But the second part, and we need to grow in that, right? We need to grow in our communion with God. We've got to learn how to pray. We've got to learn how to wait upon His presence. So that is also a growing. The second part, the flesh is not immediately changed. The flesh is still there. The sinful desire is still there. But we need to crucify the flesh with the help of the Holy Spirit. So Paul writes about this in Romans chapter 8 and also in the Lations chapter 5. He tells us, as believers, he says, you know what? With the help of the Holy Spirit, we must crucify the flesh. So that is an ongoing process and it is a lifelong process. That means till our last day on earth, till our last moment on earth. But we have to keep the flesh crucified because the flesh has the capacity for desiring wrong things. It doesn't matter how long we've been Christians. It doesn't matter how anointed we are of God. It doesn't matter how great a ministry God may be doing through us. The flesh has the capacity to do wrong things. So what happens? Till our last moment, as Paul writes in Galatians 5, he says three things. Spirit, you've got to be, you've got to walk in the spirit. You've got to be led by the spirit. Three things he says. Galatians 5. We will look at it later in this course as well as in other courses. So he says, till the very end, we have to walk in the spirit, live in the spirit, be led by the spirit. And crucified the flesh. That's something that we do on a daily basis. Is that okay? Okay. Thank you. Any other questions from anybody else before we move forward? Okay. Please feel free to ask questions. We will be happy to discuss them and we can all learn those questions. So I'm going to go forward here from maybe paused. You know, we said this from Ephesians 2.10. And I'm just setting the screen once again, the PDF. We've created in Christ. That means God did something new.  And that's why, you know, when you look at scripture, you will find that you became something you didn't exist. That did not exist. You know, came into existence, we created. Now another important thing as far as coming into Christ, we find here in 1 Corinthians 12 and verse 13. Could somebody read that for us, please? 1 Corinthians 12.13 is on in the PDF. This Corinthians 12.13. For by one spirit, we were all baptized into one body, whether Jews or Greeks, but the slaves are free and have all been made to drink into one spirit. I notice it's talking about the Holy Spirit by one spirit. That means Holy Spirit is the one who's doing the work here. By one spirit, we were all, that means all of us, regardless of which part of the world we are from, whether we are Jews or Greeks or whatever our social standing is, we were all baptized into one body. Now we know from the context there, he's talking about the body of Christ. We were baptized into Christ. The word baptized means to immerse, to submerge, to put fully into, to overwhelm. So the Holy Spirit was the one who immersed us into Christ, all of us. And we have been made to drink into one spirit. To drink into one spirit means we're all partaking of the life he gives. We will talk about life in the spirit later on. But what I want to point out is, how did we get into Christ? The Holy Spirit put each one of us into Christ. So like we said, and one of the questions we answered on the chat is, you don't get into Christ by joining a church or by belonging to a certain denomination or anything. No preacher can do that for us, no pastor can do that for us. But we believe in Jesus Christ as our Lord and Savior, and we receive him, the Holy Spirit puts us into Christ. And we receive our life now from the Spirit. So the Holy Spirit puts us into Christ. And what does this mean? It means we spiritually become one with Jesus. Could somebody read this for us first Corinthians 6 and verse 17 please? But he who is joined to the Lord is one in spirit with him. Notice what it says. We are joined to the Lord. So we're talking about being in Christ. What happens? We are one spirit, means we become spiritually one with Jesus. So you need, you and I, we need to say often, you know, I'm spiritually one with Jesus. Spiritually we are connected with him. We become one spirit. So he's the wine, we are branches, spiritually we are one. We are joined to the Lord. And we are in spiritual union with Jesus. There is a connection there, spirit to spirit. Your spirit is connected with Jesus Christ. Okay, think about that.  You're plugging it in. So what happens to the electrical energy or the power that's available to the socket now begins to flow through what's plugged in, what's connected, what's joined. Same thing. The branch is connected to the wine. You are spiritually connected to Jesus. You become one spirit with him. So what's in him is flowing into you. Like we said, you know, from the very beginning. And so because you're spiritually one with Jesus, I just want to explain a little bit here from 1 Corinthians 6, that same chapter. What Paul is saying is because you're spiritually one with him, everything else belongs to the Lord. Spiritually connected to Jesus. So your soul and your body belong to God, spirit, soul and body, you belong to Jesus. Because your very core is connected. Therefore, every part of you belongs to Jesus. And that's what he begins to emphasize in 1 Corinthians 6. When you look at verse 13, verse 15, verse 19, verse 20, he's just telling, you know, every part of you, your body is for the Lord and the Lord is for the body. That means every part of you belongs to the Lord and the Lord is made available for every part of you. 1 Corinthians 1, verse 30, he said, to be in Christ means now all of Christ becomes available to you. Same thing Paul is emphasizing here, but he expands it. He says the Lord is for the body and God is available for you, not just for your spirit, but also for your soul and also for your body. All who Christ Jesus has been made available to you for your spirit, for your soul, for your body. The Lord is healer, He's healer of your body. Because your body is for the Lord and the Lord who is healer is for the body. And then verse 15, he says, your bodies, your bodies are part of Christ. So my body is not because I'm spiritually connected with Christ. My body becomes part of Christ. So you think about it. To be in Christ means all of me belongs to Him and all of Him is made available to every part of me. It's very powerful for us to understand that. And that's why he says your body is the temple of the Holy Spirit. And he says, you've been bought with a price. Lord of my God in your body and your spirit, which are gods. Your whole being belongs to God. So keep this in mind. What are we saying? To be one with Jesus means to be spiritually one. Spiritually connected. Because you're spiritually connected. Every part of you, spirit's whole body belongs to Him. And He has been made available for every part of you, spirit, soul and body. So there's something that I need in my body that's available in Him. I say, Lord, I receive from you. There's something I need in my mind that's available from Him. I receive God. I receive peace of mind. I receive joy. I receive strength. I receive what I receive from you. Because all of Him has been made available to us, every part of us. Okay. Now, as we progress, we understand that we become new creatures in our spirit, not of our mind or body. We answer some questions on that. So we learn in scripture, 1st Thessalonians, chapter five and verse 23. Can somebody read this for us, please? 1st Thessalonians chapter five, verse 23. Now, may the God of peace Himself sanctify you completely. And may your whole spirit, soul and body be preserved blameless at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ. So you're saying, so what I want to just point out here, and we will look at this verse a little when we talk about another section. Every human person, each one of us are spirit, soul and body. Now, some of us may be familiar with that. But for some of us, you know, we just want to still understand that that each person, each human being is spirit, soul and body. The spirit is the eternal part of us. It had a beginning, but it will have no ending. It is that part of us which can connect with the spiritual realm, it can connect with God. The soul is the psychological part of us, our mind, our will, our emotions. And the body is the physical part. It's the house, it's the outer man through which we, you know, we live in this world. So when we were born again, we were born again in our spirit. Spirit became a new man, but our soul and our body was not changed. And this is where the transformation needs to come from our spirit, affecting our soul and the body. And we need to live this life out from the spirit. So Paul mentions this for us in Ephesians 4, verses 22 to 24. Can somebody read that for us please? Ephesians 4, 22 to 24 please. Ephesians 4, 22 to 24. That you put off concerning your former conduct, the old man which grows corrupt according to the deceitful lusts and be renewed in the spirit of your mind and that you put on the new man which was created according to God in true righteousness and holiness. So, you know, he says, put on the new man, so to believers, right, to these efficient believers, you know, they've become new creation, right? You put on their new man, your new creation. But he says we've got to put off something, get rid of something. You know, putting on and putting all has to do with the, you know, what appears on the outside, right? Put on, what is this?   On the outside, what people see, right? Don't let them see your former conduct. In other words, don't live the way you used to live. Because the way you used to live, he says, it was according to the old man that was very corrupt and deceitful, the old man. So, the old man is the man that's gone. Remember, he said, the old has gone, the new has come. The word man simply means anthropos, and it refers to, in scripture, if you, I'm not referring to the word anthropos, the word anthropos is just a general word, you know, discipline means person. But he's talking about the old person. He talks about the old person, the new test was referring to that old, sinful, Adamic nature.  But now, what people have to see on the outside is who you are on the inside. On the inside, you're a new man. This new creation is created according to God, or it is in the image of God, right? According to God. It is created with the capacity for true righteousness and holiness. So, he says, on the outside, let people see this new man, which is in the image of God, which is righteousness and holiness. But for the believer to put off the old man and to be put on the new man, what must happen? You have to be renewed in the spirit of your mind. Be renewed in the spirit or in the attitude, in the very essence of your mind. So, we said, you know, we are spirit, soul, and body. So, what people see outside in the body, they see either, you know, the old man, people living according, believers living according to the former conduct, or we can live according to our new man, which we have become in the spirit. The new man in the spirit is created in the image of God. It's righteousness, holiness. But in my soul, which is my mind, I need to be renewed. I need to change, right? But what I really want to emphasize is, this new creation has taken place in the spirit. We need to be renewed in our mind so that we can put off the old man and put on the new man. People can see the new man on the outside of us. Okay? So, that's something we had just discussed in one of the questions. But I want to just pause here and see if everybody is with me. Anybody's got lost somewhere? Any questions? Lyndon? Aodesh? Nicholson? Aradhana? Sid Kano?  Okay, good. Others? Yes, sir. They're all good? Yes, possible. Alright, always got lost. Okay, okay. Alright, alright. Okay, that's good. Divya, what's your question, please? Yes, Pastor, my question is, what are some indicators that a person is growing in the spirit or a person is growing spiritually? Like, whether your growth is stunted or whether the growth is happening? Hmm. Thank you. Yeah. So, like we said, right, and we find this in Ephesians chapter four and verse 13, it says we have to grow up in all things to be like Christ. Ephesians four verse 13. Grow up in all things to be like Jesus. So, the only measure we have for ourselves is Christ. So, we measure ourselves against or towards the standard of Christ, Christlikeness, or it says, you know, you should come to the full measure of the stature of Christ. Ephesians four verse 13. So, we have to look at ourselves from that perspective. We're not here to compare ourselves with each other. You know, that person got angry three times. I got angry two times. I'm better than that person. You know, we're not here to compare with each other. That's not a good measure. The good measure, the real measure is, am I being like Jesus? And so, the question we have to ask is, you know, are we becoming more and more like Christ? I am in Christ in order to become like Christ. And the more the indicator that I'm living out of that life in Christ is, am I becoming more like Him? So, example, maybe, you know, I would get example, right? Maybe if I was a person who would get very irritated when people say certain things, then I say, Lord, you know, I can conquer that because getting irritated about that matter is not being like Christ. And I want to be like Jesus. So, God, help me conquer that. And what happens? By the Holy Spirit, I conquer that. And people may say the same things, but I'm no longer irritated about it. It doesn't affect me. I can still walk in love because I've learned to conquer that in the flesh, in my emotions, in my flesh. So, what's happened? Well, I'm living out of my life in Christ. I'm living out of this life in the Spirit. And I'm conquering that.  So, that's a good sign. We are growing. We are becoming more and more like Jesus in different areas of our life. Right? So, that's the measure. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you, Pastor. Just a follow-up. Oh, yeah. So, in a practical way, like, what are some disciplines one needs to follow? Like, I'm not saying like a hard and fast rule, but some disciplines that we can make a check on ourselves. Because sometimes we will just, you know, go on with life and forget to make this check on ourselves. So, what could be some factors that we can, you know, focus on? So, I'm trying to understand the question. Now, okay. In terms of disciplines, right? Of course, you know, we need to feed upon the Word of God, right? The Word of God. Because God looks in us by His Word to change us. Right? So, I need to feed upon that Word. Now, I'm not saying just read the Bible as a ritual. But I'm saying we need to keep, you know, like it says in there, in 2 Peter 3, verse 18, right? Now, it's at 1 Peter 3. Grow in grace and in the knowledge of our Lord and Saviour, Jesus Christ. Yeah. 2 Peter 3, verse 18. Grow in grace and in the knowledge of our Lord and Saviour, Jesus Christ. So, we have to keep growing in the knowledge. We talk about revelation knowledge. So, I have to keep feeding my spirit with revelation from the Word. Right? So, I have to read the Word. But I have to receive revelation from the Word. Keep feeding. So, that's one discipline we do. We maintain. Second discipline, of course, is praying in the Holy Spirit. And I would emphasize praying in tongues. Because when we pray in tongues, when we pray in the Holy Spirit, what happens? We are able to crucify the sinful desires of our body. We're able to overcome sin. That's in Romans 8, verse 26. The Holy Spirit helps us overcome our weaknesses. So, you know, reading the Word, praying in the Holy Spirit, spending time in God's presence in worship, fellowship with other believers. So, these four practices, if you say, and these are simple practices, but four important things that will help us continually grow in the spirit. Yeah, thank you, Pastor. All right. Now, let's quickly answer some of the other questions here. Elisha's question is, a growth in our spirit comes by a constant defeat of sin in our lives. Overcoming sin is a very important part of our growth in the spirit, Elisha. We learn to put these things off. And we get rid of these things. And it's an important part. Like, you know, for instance, in Hebrews chapter 12, verses 1 and 2, our journey in the Christian life is, you know, he says, you know, let us lay aside every weight and the sin that easily besets us and let us run with patience or run with endurance, the race that is before us. So, for us to run this race, we need to be putting these things off, the weights and the sins, right? So, it's important there for us to keep churning. John Paul's question, what would be the steps in renewing of the mind, taking every thought into captive, taking a thought into captive is part of this, yeah. So, renewing of the mind, yes, right? So, we need to meditate in God's word. And then, you know, we bring every thought captive to the obedience of Christ. So, as the wrong thoughts come as thoughts of unbelief, thoughts of fear, thoughts of doubt come, we say, no, I reject it. I embrace the word of God.  Isaac's question, has it become a new man in Christ or spirit is changed, but every now our soul and bodies challenged by various factors, yes. What is the most effective tool is Christians? Can we use to overcome the weakness of the flesh? Right? So, Isaac, this... The Apostle Paul shares this with us in Romans chapter 6. Because, you know, when you look at Romans chapter 6, 7 and 8, the Apostle Paul is dealing with the same issue, right? Of how a believer can overcome the flesh and live in the spirit. And as he teaches us there, he says, you know, we need to know that we are free from the power of sin. That is Romans 6. I think it's verse 11. No, sorry. Romans 6 and verse 6. Know that you are free from the power of sin. Then verse 11, Romans 6, 11 next, he says, you need to count this as a truth. Consider this. I mean, I reckon this to be true that, yes, I am free from sin and I'm going to, therefore, I'm not going to let sin reign in me. Right? And thirdly, he tells us, verse 13, we need to yield or present our bodies to God. So, if you study Romans 6, you'll find the Apostle Paul outlines this verse. This is the way you overcome sin. And then he takes us into Romans 8 verse 1. He says, the life in the spirit, the Holy Spirit helps us overcome the weakness of the flesh. As we yield to the spirit, he enables us to do this, right? To overcome, like to do the things he says in Romans 6, the Holy Spirit empowers us. Okay. All right. Okay. So, I think we've covered the questions in the chat. Thank you. Good questions. Any other question? Otherwise, I'll go back to the notes. Okay. I'm just going to go back to the notes. We'll progress a little bit and then we will close for the day. All right. So, we're going back to the very verse that we started with, which is 2 Corinthians 5, verse 17. I want to just point out a few more things here before we wrap up. He says, if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation. I want to just look at that word new, right? Now, in relation to the new creation or this new man that we've become, Paul the apostle, he chooses two Greek words to talk about this new creation. And I think it's really interesting because there is a reason why he uses certain Greek words to talk about certain things. And it's good for us to go in and find out. So, in most places, he uses the word Kainos, right? When he talks about this new creation that we've become. And then in another place, he also uses the word Nios. Okay. And I'll explain what these mean. So, to sum up, when you look at these places, like you look at 2 Corinthians 5, 17, and Ephesians 2, 15, and Ephesians 4, 24, in these three verses, he uses the word Kainos in relation to the new man. And then in Colossians 3, 10, he uses the word Nios in relation to the new man that we've become in Christ. The word Kainos means new in character, new in nature, new in essence. The word Nios has to do with something that's recent in time. That means it wasn't there before it came into being now. It's new in time. So, Kainos, new in nature, Nios, new in time. And so what he's telling us, and what when he put these together, he's saying that the new creation is new in nature and also new in time that didn't exist before. So when the Bible says you become a new creation, you're new in nature. So the old nature, which is what came through Adam, is no longer there. The new nature is what you received in Christ. It's new in time. That means the old is what began back in time with Adam. The new in time is what began with you being in Christ. So this new creation is both new in nature and new in time. If you look at it from a biology or a genetics point of view, you would say it's a distinct species. You call it a new species because it's new in nature, new in time. It's a new species. So really as new creation, we are a new species. Something new in nature and new in time. It just emerged. It came now, came new in Christ. The other thing I want to just point out before we close here is that this new creation has a new identity. Like we said, you're a new creation. You became something you were not before. And you see this in many places before we were dead, but now we are alive. Before we were far off, now we are near. Before we were aliens and strangers, but now in Christ we are citizens of God and members of God's family. Before we were darkness, now we are light. I like this. You can make a long list. Once we were sinners, now we are saints. Once we were guilty, now we are justified. Once we were unrighteous, now we are righteousness. Once we were condemned, now we are no longer condemned. We've been justified. So spiritually, identity has been changed. But this is important because now our soul needs to catch up. We need to start thinking in terms of our new identity, not think about, you know, confine ourselves to the old identity we have. So we must live according to our new identity. So change your self-image. How you see yourself. See yourself as the way you are in Christ, right? And then also speak of yourself in line with your new identity in Christ. That's very important. And so saying, I am a sinner, you and I need to start saying, we are saints or holy ones. And so saying, you know, we are unrighteous, we need to say we are the righteousness of God. And so calling yourself darkness, call yourself light. Because that's your true identity, that's your new identity. You've become something new in nature, new in time. Now you and I need to speak according to our new identity. Okay. And okay, let me stop here. I will pick up from, you know, point number 18 next week as we go forward in this course. I'm going to stop here and take a few moments to pray. And I just, you know, let's just pray together. And I want us to pray and say, God help us to make the change in how we think about ourselves and how we speak of ourselves. We must start speaking of ourselves according to the new creation we are.  God has changed you. You are joined to be in Christ. So speak of yourself and think of yourself according to who you are in Christ. Right. So I want, I want somebody to just lead us in prayer as we close this lecture, just to help us and say, God help us to make this change. Right. So let's pray together. Could somebody please unmute your mic, just lead us in prayer. And after that we will dismiss. Dear Father, we come to you under the name of Jesus. We thank you for the beautiful day and for the beautiful section that we had. But all the things that are passed are taught us. Let us keep that in our mind, in our heart and reflect that in our life Jesus. Help us to speak of ourselves as a new creation in you. Let us understand this deep in our heart that we are completely new in our Christ. We are not remodeled. We are created. We are created again. Let us not forget this our entire life. Let us preach this gospel to everyone. Everyone who never knew that they are new in Christ and they are going through a lot on this world. Let us boldly preach this gospel to everyone. So whatever we learned, Jesus help us to keep it in our heart. And let us renew our thoughts, renew our way of life by knowing that we are new in Christ. We are completely new in Christ. I pray for everyone and I bless everyone in the name of Jesus. I place everything in our hands. In Jesus' name, I pray. Amen. Amen. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. All right, everyone. Thank you so much, each one of you for being part of the class today.  Thank you. Thank you so much. Thank you, Pastor. Thank you, Pastor. Have a good day. Have a good day. Have a good day. Have a good day. Have a good day.


Hello and welcome to this video, which provides a brief introduction to the teaching dossier. This video was developed for instructors at the University of British Columbia, but some of the information will be pertinent to a broader audience. My name is Dr. Isabel Iqbal and I'm an educational developer at the Centre for Teaching, Learning and Technology. I'd like to acknowledge that I'm recording this video on the traditional ancestral and unceded territories of the Squamish, Tsleil-Waututh and Musqueam peoples. The objectives of this video are that by the end you should be able to define a teaching dossier, list three or more purposes of a dossier, list common sections of a teaching dossier, and also identify strategies to advance your own dossier development. Let's start with the definition. A teaching dossier is a document that contains materials, reflections and selected samples that an instructor has collected over a period of time and that are representative of their achievements in teaching. I like this definition. A teaching dossier is strategic teaching documentation, indeed it is. What about the purposes of a dossier? There are many. These include to demonstrate teaching effectiveness in the tenure and promotion process. It's used in award nominations. It's often a component of a job application and it also supports your reflective teaching practice. Next I want to show some of the common sections of a dossier. A teaching dossier often includes the following major sections. A teaching philosophy statement, a description of your teaching activities, a section demonstrating your teaching effectiveness and reflections on teaching, a section that includes an educational leadership statement and a description of the activities. And this is especially the case if you are an educational leadership faculty member or working towards that role. And another section that's often seen now is a commitment to diversity, equity and inclusion. People often ask what they should include in their dossier. And regardless of your appointment type, but especially if you're a candidate for the associate professor of teaching or the professor of teaching, you can see the SAC guide, the Senior Appointments Committee guide. And specifically see Appendix 1, Section 4 and Section 4.2 for some really helpful information. So now that we've looked briefly at the content of the dossier, let's switch to some strategies for starting your dossier. A few strategies include determining your dossier's purpose and audience. Start there and you'll craft it accordingly. You want to collect materials for your dossier on an ongoing basis. You want to give yourself plenty of time to develop your dossier. It's also really helpful to inquire about the norms and expectations within your context. And you can find out more information by asking colleagues, your department head or checking in with a faculty mentor. If you are a UBC faculty member and you're ready to create or further develop your dossier, there are many resources available to you. These include the teaching portfolio section of the CTLT website, the teaching dossier self-assessment tool, the SAC guide, one-on-one consultations with an educational consultant at CTLT, and also there are mentors available through ELNET, the Educational Leadership Network at UBC. Thank you so much for your interest in learning more about teaching dossiers.


What do you look for in a mentor and how do you find the right mentor? Who here wants to become a millionaire? Find somebody, spend a lot of time around somebody that if they made a million dollars in a year, they would hit massive depression. That's who you want to hang out with. If Mark Cuban made a million dollars this year, he may kill himself. Seriously. They've done studies on people who have eye income that drops. If you make 100 million a year and then you drop to 30 million, your happiness is lower than somebody who goes from 100 to 130,000. Like on any MRI, fMRI machines, you just fall apart. So when I reset what's normal to me, everything becomes chump change. Just play basketball, Chris Paul.


what is going on guys welcome back to the channel and I appreciate you being here today I am back with another anthem video and today we're going to go over the different icons we saw within that eight or nine minute E3 anthem trailer gameplay which was brought to us way way way back in 2017 now the information here has been gathered from numerous factual sources so as far as I know what I will tell you guys within this video is factual but the footage we will witness and the months we still have to wait before the games released many things can change that's important to remember this is also something I did originally plan to cover when I had more info on the said item way back but I've only just of recent obtained this info okay so anthem this new open world loot shooter by EA and Bioware first showcase via a eight or nine minute gameplay trailer back at E3 2017 it got the attention of many many people what we saw within this trailer was the introduction of our player a quest to go out and do javelins which are our exosuits we use to explore worlds we also saw gameplay on a set world which looked absolutely epic now the gameplay we saw we saw a set number of icons scattered around the place and it's these icons which are the point of this video what are these icons and what do they mean okay so the first one we saw was pretty obvious we are here in no doubt a social area we are approached by a guy who asked us to go out and save some people in the top right corner we see two icons the main one with their own triangle is the icon for a set quest something of the current or next mission the icon below it is for the objective for the current quest obviously some quest lines will offer more than one objective next up we see this kind of pillars icon this icon I believe means an important landmark for us to explore we saw this a couple of times throughout this gameplay video so there obviously quite a few landmarks for us to go and check out we then saw this kind of school icon which is said to be either a raid boss fight of some kind or a major world battle encounter which in itself sounds epic and and from raid I mean it's early days yet to be speculating about such but it does get me excited it really does we then see this binocular icon which to be honest is pretty obvious what this is it's for when you discover a new location within a world know that when said landmarks are found they stay pinpointed on your world map it is speculation but know that a system of such will be in place next up we see this icon right here which is for this planet's material what this material does though we have no idea at this moment in time customization of some sort not that this actual planetary material is found by a team may open a chest here which is also interesting know that these chests and this planetary material can be found and obtained all over this planet makes sense we then get a glimpse at this icon right here now this one doesn't actually have any factual info on but i'm certain it's for a multi kill as this pops up on the screen when we see one epic multi kill scar ambush threat eliminated scar ambush here could be the weapon used it could be the trophy icon for getting a set number kills in quick succession over say four or five we don't know yet the icon also might vary maybe on the amount of targets eliminated over a certain set number we don't know for sure there's also this flag icon which can be found throughout this gameplay which indicates a safe zone area which players can customize characters and loadouts and pick up new quests and missions so that sounds pretty cool people unfortunately that's it i wish at this stage i could bring you more info on anthem but details are scarce now i've got an inside source that has informed me that news will be coming pretty soon on anthem so as per usual guys to step to date on all things anthem be sure to subscribe for your new round here as i will have all your anthem needs right here on my channel also people if you've missed one of my many anthem videos i've posted already on my channel you can find them linked within the video description so do be sure to check them out but on that note guys i hope you enjoyed the video if you did leave a like really does help me out thanks for stopping by as always and hopefully people i will see you on that next one


Hello everyone! Welcome back to my channel! For today's video I wanted to do a high bun hairstyle. I feel like I don't do high bun hairstyles very often and I do have a similar tutorial to this one. It's from a few years ago so I've changed a few things. The bun is definitely different. It's very labor intensive so you don't want to take the time to do this bun. You can always switch it out for your favorite type of bun. Either way, I hope you learned something from today's video. Make sure to like and subscribe and click that notification bell so you never miss future tutorials and let's get started! To start this hairstyle I'm going to start by parting my hair on the right side. I want a deep side part just for the braid and then I'm going to divide out the section of hair that I want to use for my braid and then with the remaining hair I'm just going to put this up into a messy bun where I want my braid to sit. Mapping out the hairstyle beforehand will just make sure that everything kind of lays the way that you want it to at the very end. So now I'm going to start my braid and I'm going to divide out a small section of hair near the part line and then split this into three smaller pieces. I'm going to start like a regular French braid so I'm just crossing the side strands over the middle strand and I am going to bring in one piece on the back side of the braid just to help anchor the braid against the head. This is the only piece I'm bringing in on this side and then I'm going to cross the left strand over the middle and bring in a new section and you'll notice that on this side of the braid my sections are fairly large and that's just because I want some volume along the front side of the braid so I'm just going to continue crossing the side strands over the middle strand bringing in sections of hair along the hairline without adding in any additional pieces on the back side of the braid. Once I've brought in all of the hair that I left out for my braid then I'm just going to continue braiding the section down to the ends so again I'm just crossing the side strands over the middle strand and I'm not bringing in any additional hair since I tied it up in the messy bun and then so the braid doesn't unravel I'm just going to slide a couple bobby pins over the bottom. Now that the braid is done I'm going to brush all of my hair up into a high ponytail and I'm going to bring the braid in but I'm just going to add it in last. I want it to sit on top of the hair instead of getting buried underneath and I'm just going to tie all of the hair together with a normal hair tie and now I can do the bun portion of the hairstyle. So for my particular bun I'm basically going to take small sections of hair and loop them back towards the head and then pin them in place with bobby pins. So I'm just starting at the top front of the ponytail and I'm just dividing off a small to medium size section. I'm going to brush through it and hair spray it with hairspray. I recommend spraying all of the sections with hairspray. This will just help control frizz. I'm using a medium hold hairspray. This is really good for controlling frizz without making the hair sticky and stiff. So I'm just going to take sections from the ponytail, brush through them, hairspray them and then loop them towards the head and I'm sliding in bobby pins on both sides of the sections. You don't have to hook all of the hair into the bobby pin. I just like to get a few pieces of hair and then slip the bobby pin underneath the loop so that it doesn't show and if you pin both sides of the loop this will really help the loops stay in place without falling loose as you wear the hairstyle. So I'm just going to start at the top front of the ponytail and then I'm going to slowly work my way down the right side of the hairstyle and as you work kind of gauge how big you want your pieces to be. I kind of have an idea of how many loops I will be able to make because I've done this hairstyle before. If you start out taking too big of sections then you'll end up with just a tiny bit of hair for the back and bottom side of the bun. So just make sure to take smaller sections and then you can always create more loops if you need to. So once I've done the right side of the bun and gotten down towards the back I'm going to start kind of building the bun up. So I'm going to start placing loops on top of the previous loops that I had already pinned. This will just help create some volume and dimension within the bun. I didn't want my bun to be just like a flat donut bun. I wanted it to kind of come up and out so this will just help achieve that if you're layering loops on top of each other. It does really help to look in two mirrors. That way you can see the style from all the different angles. It can be easy to make this bun a little bit not as symmetrical as you'd like and it can be hard to go back and fix after you've pinned. So definitely check in a mirror to make sure the bun is staying symmetrical. So I usually like to work in a clockwise pattern starting at the top and then move to the right and then down to the back and then finish on the left side and as you go just make sure to kind of fill in any gaps or holes with sections of hair and the ends from the loops tend to be really small and thin so I'll just combine those with a new section of hair and just continue looping and pinning the pieces until all of the hair is pinned up into the bun. That wraps up today's video. As always thank you so much for watching. I hope you learned something from today's tutorial. Make sure to let me know what you think down below in the comment section. I always read the comments even though I don't always respond to them. Make sure to click the thumbs up if you want to see more high bun hairstyles of course and subscribe and click that notification bell so you never miss future videos and I will see you on the next one.


One and welcome to tonight's common council meeting Before we start our common council meeting I'd ask Madam City clerk to read the quotation for the week Thank you mayor to make your way. You must have firm resolve Persistence tenacity you must gear yourselves to work hard all the way. You should never let up Thank You Madam City clerk I'll call the second regular meeting of the common council order Madam City clerk, which please call the roll Balmain Bourne Berg Serta Davis graph Hannah Kittlesen Clowness Manny Meyer Montemayor Ratke Ryan Susha and Vander wheel 16 present quorum is present Alderman Balmain. Would you please ladies and ladies in the pledge of allegiance? I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America and to the Republic for which it stands one nation under God Indivisible with liberty and justice for all Thank You Alderman Balmain President Burke. Yes. Thank you your honor. I would ask for We dispense with the reading of the minutes and ask for approval as they're entered on the record There's motion a second any discussion on the minutes There being none all those in favor state I Any opposed motion carries minutes stand to prove Confirmation of mayor's appointment to standing committees attorney McLean There's a document dated April 18th to the council hereby submit the following appointments for your consideration That's my understanding that the mayor's made some change to that. Yes I let me explain that the Submission that I made of the committee appointments the last time have changed slightly and they have changed by mutual agreement You will notice that vice president Sarada She is still in public protection and safety, but she is now has been Appointed as vice chairman public protection and safety and where Alderman Manny. I believe was now we have President Berg We also have a change in salary and grievances where Alderman Ratke was Alderman Manny is there now Minor changes all by mutual consent other than that everything stays the same Everyone makes a notation Thank you Alderman Burke president Burke. Yes. Thank you, your honor. I would move that the appointments dated on April 18th be filed There's a motion a second to file the previous document with the previous appointments on her discussion Yes No way, Susan once said Thank you Okay, we'll do you need a roll call for this all eyes would be fine all those in favor state I Any opposed motion carries. Thank you Attorney McLean and there's the document dated April 24 2006 to the honorable members of the council thereby submit the following appointments for your consideration Finance committee James Graf chairman Mark Hanna vice chairman Jean Clay Eunice Rene Susha James Bourne public protection and safety committee Silas Vander wheel chairman Bonnie Serta vice chairman Vicki Meyer Marilyn Montemire and Alden Berg Public Works Committee Vicki Meyer chairman Jean Kittleson vice chairman Robert Ryan Richard Manny and Jean Davis Salaries and grievances committee Rene Susha chairman Jean Clay Eunice vice chairman Marilyn Montemire Jean Kittleson Richard Manny Law and licensing committee Jeff Radke chairman Robert Ryan vice chairman James Bourne Elden Berg and Dennis Bowman signed by the mayor That's the motion to confirm. Oh suspension President Burke. Yes. Now. Thank you your honor move for suspension. Is there any objection? Is there any objection to suspension? There being on please proceed. Oh President Burke. Yes, thank you your honor in that case I would move to confirm and adopt the mayor's appointments as dated on the April 24th 2006 memo There's motion a second to confirm under discussion Alden Bowman Thank you your honor As you recall Thursday, I made an appointment to come see you and I did concerning the appointments And we had a very good discussion very like I said very good discussion And you explained your reasons for The need for the appointments the way they were even though I did express my disappointment You know that I was moved or removed from the committee and your statement was that you do need to move people and I understand that Even though The appointments will probably pass this evening. I'm still going to express a disappointment in the way they were set up But In turn, I'll be able to spend more time at home not being a chairperson. That's one good thing So other than that, I will still vote against the Standing Committee appointments. Thank you all number moment Any further discussion? There being none, please call the roll borne burg surda Davis graph Hannah Kittleson Clowness Manny Meyer Montemay or Radke Ryan Sushia Vander wheel and Bowman 14 eyes two nose appointment motion passes appointments are confirmed. Thank you very much turn McLean For the special committee's boards of commissions. There's one as far as filling vacancies here from Last meeting also here by Smith the following appointments for your consideration March matter to be considered for appointment to the Commission on Aging to fill the unexpired term of Scott Lewandowski whose term expires 430-09 Patricia wise rock to be considered for appointment to the Commission on Aging to fill the unexpired term of Arnold Martin whose term expires on 430-2008 Alderman Bonnie surda to be considered for appointment to the Industrial Development Commission to fill the unexpired term of Alderman Don Van Akron whose term expires for 1807 signed by the mayor. Thank you turn McLean. I ask for a motion to confirm Thank you motion to second any discussion you want a roll call or no all those in favor state I Any opposed motion carries employment or confirm then with respect to the other special committees boards and commissions the Document dated April 18th submitted by the mayor consisting of nine pages and signed by the mayor that has all the various special committees boards authorities Commissions, so thank you turn McLean. I'd ask for motion to confirm Yes, I would Confirm the mayor's appointments to special committees boards and commissions as dated on as noted on his April 18th 2006 memo. Thank you president Berg. There's a second. Thank you vice-president surda Any discussion not all those in favor state I Any opposed motion carries appointments are confirmed. I think we're done There's a motion. I was gonna ask the president to make a motion, but we've got tradition behind us There's a motion and was there a second second all those in favor state I Stand adjourned. Thank you very much


What's up everybody, Jason here for jazzybyscasebrace.com. 2022, Balmain University football just stood out. This is a six box half case break. First name, first letter, number one. And again, guys, we're giving away five free spots. So of course there's a checklist here for the names and teams that are in here, of course, right there. And again, 14 spots, 14 letters below right there. And again, we actually only sold, I believe, nine spots. We're gonna give away the final five to customers that bought in. So there's the customers there, and there's the letters. So let's roll it for the giveaway and then the randomizer for the names and letters. Nine times four to five. Top five, get extra free spots in this, guys. One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight. Boom, Jordan, Cory, Richard, Daniel, Chris. So you guys all got extra spots here. I'm gonna put a little character sign there. And there you go. So that completes it to make it 14. Now let's go nine times here on the names now. One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight. Richard at the top done a Chris parent at the bottom. Letters, one, two, three, four, five. Five, six, seven, eight. J down to XZ. Also to you guys, I don't know if I mentioned it, but it is first name, first letter as well. So example, Bryce Young, letter B. Is that where it would go to? So Richard with letter J, Lucas with A, Cory with B, Chris with N, R, Cory with D, Robert with C, Daniel with M, Jordan with H, Cory with T, K, Daniel, EG, Richard with PV, Jordan with S, and Chris parent with XZ. Again, there's the checklists there. If you guys need it, these are the players that are all featured in here. And it's a make sure guys, of course, have players that are in college still currently or now prospects in the NFL. And I don't think there'd be any trades, but I'll let you guys see your letters here really quick while they're titled this. All right, so let's see which half we're gonna use here guys. One, two, three for the left, four, five, six for the right. Six, one, two, three, four, five, six. So the second half we're gonna use for a future break. All right, here we go guys. Painthorne, first letter, first name, letter P with that one. Sean Clifford, Invictus JJ McCarthy, Numbered Myja Sanders, it's going to letter M. Their first auto Kalia Shakir, letter K with that one, should be Corey. Nice Kenny Pickett, Xavier Worthy, Chris Parent with letter XZ combo, Sam Hal, and Jadon Hasselwood, purple. Here we go, first box. Home run, Jake Lam, two, three Dodgers. All right, here we go, next box. Big Kahuna, Sam Hal, letter S going to Jordan. Now how about a big Kahuna autograph Kenny Pickett? That's to 1.50, 62 of 1.50, and that's gonna go to letter K to Corey, last one will go to him. Shimmer, Jeff Sims, and Dalton, can K, letter D going to Corey as well. Grayson McCall, letter G, combo's team going to Daniel. There you go, there you go, that's definitely a double. Maybe a triple. He's going for three, he's going for three.  No, he went for three. Triple there for Gavin Lux, my seventh any rally right now. Dylan Gabriel, and Bonix, who's actually transferred to Oregon, most likely to be the guy this year. That is to 99, letter B going to also Corey. It's your free spot right there. Having yourself a break there, sir. John Menti, letter J going to Richard Hastings. That's an orange there to 25. Bryce Young, first right there, refractor. Kenny Pickett in Victor, and a Josh Downs letter J going to Richard. Invicta Bryce Young to 1.50, Desmond Ritter in Victor, letter D going to Corey as well. We're halfway through guys, three more boxes. So it might be a little over on the time, but I think we'll make it up right now with obsidian and make it up a prism. And then of course, as well with the filler. So I think we're still be good on time. Get them in the, we literally have like Harley, which those purples are not numbered actually. Tua, little brother. Chris Rodriguez, and an orange, Jeff Sims to 25. And remember that's a letter J going to Richard. All right, good luck guys, next box. Skyler Thompson to 1.99, letter S going to Jordan. Brandon Peters on the 25. Kenny Pickett, CJ Strout, James Cook shimmer, and Marvin Mims, letter M going to Daniel. All right you guys, last box here, good luck. So we sold another team in definitive guys. So technically definitive now is down to six left. So we just have a $30 Guardians team, a $70 Tigers team, Astros at 100, Angels to 1.99, and Marlins 29.99 with the Yankees. So maybe we probably will have to R&B up this last six, but if we can try to kill off a couple of teams, maybe the Yankees or Angels, or maybe to kill off those cheaper teams, it makes the R&B doable for tonight for sure, but I can definitely do one. So that'll pretty much be, let's see, 600, seven, eight. It'd be like a $83 filler R&B right now, if that was the case. So I don't think that's too pricey, especially for definitive because you're gonna get two big teams, but if you guys wanted to take out one of those teams, not both, makes the R&B, makes the teams go by a little bit quicker, but I think we'll have customers that'll buy the Angels and Yankees. I feel like people will take that chance. It's just more of those other straggling teams that are like $30, $60, $70. And technically, you know, even though, I don't know if the Guardians had to hit last, in the last breaker now, but I don't think it was anything super crazy, so. I know Marlins definitely would have hit this, Astros, Angels and Yankees. So there's that big opportunity, of course, of getting some bigger hits in one of the last two boxes. Well, like I said, we're now down to six. I will definitely R&B it when I get the chance, but it won't be for about another 45 minutes, probably. All right, last box here, guys. Wow, yellow. The 75, Matt Correll. That's very nice. Letter M, Matt Correll's going to Daniel. Orange McKenzie Milton, who actually I think retired. Correll and Victor, other Matt Correll's shimmer. We got a Khalil Shakur, letter K for Corey. Chris Olave, and a very nice Kenny Pickett Balluton, $199 as well. Case Thompson of $299, and Spencer Rattler. All right, well, not a bad couple boxes here, guys. Matt Correll, got ourselves a Bonix. Kenny Pickett autograph, and then a lot of nice colors over here too, as well. Kenny Pickett blue, a lot of good quarterbacks here. A lot of nice Invictus Bryce Young Invicta number. Not bad at all, so appreciate it, guys. Jaspy's CaseRace.com.


How do I handle non-negotiables, such as health? For the PDA, everything is considered negotiable. Medical appointments cause high anxiety and physical resistance, but sometimes are absolutely necessary. Also, trying to be as low-demand as possible, but it's feeling like I'm rather uninvolved, even if my son wants to be left to his own devices. We are at our best when we are both outside together, but he prefers not to leave the house. I find this extremely hard for my own mental health and I have to constantly worry about his physical health too. I know home is his safe space mentally, but really worry about body movement and fresh air. This is a really common concern for many parents. Sometimes, in the moment, the only thing we can do is radically accept what's happening, because the more that we put pressure on, the more that the resistance digs in at its heels and the fears grow and extends to other areas. Examples of this would be, if we continue to talk about our concerns around their health, getting outside and eating better and getting fresh air, the PDA response to that is to probably change the diet so that it's more and more unhealthy and to stay in their room more often and not get fresh air. This is separate from the child's conscious choice. I think this is really important to make the distinction between the PDA response and the conscious choice. Our children don't actively go, you want me to go outside and get fresh air? I'm going to go to bed then and I'm going to breathe in really stinky, unhealthy air. It's a PDA response to resist and to go against what somebody wants for us, because it's a compromise to autonomy. Therefore, the brain perceives it as a compromise to our safety. Whilst you might think that health is a non-negotiable, the PDA brain does not. It thinks that everything is negotiable. A medical appointment would cause high anxiety because it is a huge compromise to safety. What is a person going to do to me? Are they going to draw blood? Are they going to ask me to do something I don't want to do? How safe will I be? And if there's no baseline of safety there, if I can't trust that I'm going to be safe and have autonomy while I'm there, there's no way I'm going to get there. With something like that, as tricky as it is, many families find that we have to put that to the side for now, until the PDA has had enough evidence provided that they are safe and then they're able to build capacity to the point where they might be able to get in the car and go for a drive to the doctor, sit outside in the car, look at the building and go home. We're working up slowly, forcing a child to go in the car to the doctor would do incredible damage and it would borderline shifting into trauma, trying to be as low demand as possible, but it's feeling like I'm rather uninvolved that as parents, when we are actively supporting our children to be in this position, this is incredibly challenging. And one of the greatest challenges, as I mentioned before, is knowing that we're doing everything that we can and knowing that there's literally sometimes nothing else we can do. If we push the point, if we continue to go in there and say, I'm really worried about your health or why don't you come outside? We're going to risk the child staying in their room for longer. What I encourage families to do is if you know that it's hard for your mental health and you need to be out and getting fresh air, then it's really important for you to be able to organise that for yourself if you can. Looking after our own needs is really important, if not more, because we need to sustain ourselves because we're in it for the long haul. The fact remains that whilst we might be worried about him getting exercise and fresh air, our concerns around adding in those things does not change the fact that he's disabled right now, that he is in burnout right now, that he cannot do those things right now. It's like having an injured knee. If our child has an injured knee, we are probably really concerned about how long it's going to take before they can walk again, but we can't force the issue because if they get up and try and walk on that knee, it's going to be longer before they can actually walk because they're going to add injury to a pre-existing injury. It's like this with PDAs. If they're in burnout, then we cannot be telling them exercise and fresh air helps. We know it would help, absolutely, but they're unable to do that. No amount of worrying or trying to get them to do it is going to help. It's about allowing them to have that rest, resting the knee in order to build capacity, letting the anxiety de-escalate, giving it time because what needs to happen is that the brain needs evidence. It needs evidence to know that safety really is a thing. If my teen keeps refusing to go to her mental health appointments, she will be taken out of the system that has a waiting list of 18 months to get her to actually see the therapist in the first place. I don't know about you, but I read that and I think how absolutely ludicrous, ableist and discriminatory is the system. It almost encourages us to put that responsibility with our children who are unwell. It adds additional pressure. It's a form of bullying almost and I've seen it in action. I've seen mental health professionals tell families almost like a threat. You have to get them here. You have to be tougher. If our children can't, then they can't. Every child is different. Some of our children will be in burnout for weeks, some months and some for years and I want to say that I have the privilege of being in community with hundreds of families whose children do come out the other side and what it takes is incredible patience and incredible self-compassion and knowing that it's okay to panic. It's okay to feel everything that we feel and to hang in there because the stepping back and allowing the deep rest is what will build capacity and this means again going against a lot of the advice that we are given around how to recover our children from burnout. So many families, they do come back and many of them come back stronger in ways that allows them to set up their lives in order to help their children thrive and to avoid many of the triggers and barriers that they face to begin with.


Derivation is a morphological process that creates new words by means of concatenative as well as non-concatenative operations. The following distinctions can be drawn in present-day English and these distinctions determine our program. First of all, we will look at concatenative operations in particular at affixation. Then we will focus on conversion before in the end we will briefly look at other types of derivation. Let's start with affixation which is the most common morphological operation of forming words in present-day English. Affixes in present-day English can be grouped in various ways. First of all, they can be grouped according to their position within a word. So for example, we have prefixes. I'm using orthography here for reasons of simplification or we may have suffixes. On the other hand, we can group affixes concerning their meaning. Let's look at negative affixes as an example. For example, we can have something like unhappy. Other realizations of negative prefixes are things like impossible. Well, and you might want to group things like non-syntactic here as well. So here is the break. So in other words, we have three different types of negative prefixes. And we can group affixes concerning their phonological contribution. That is they may evoke stress change, vocalic changes or both. Let's look at some examples. In something like a generation, we can observe a stress shift from generate to generation. Or we may observe something like a vocalic change in national. We have a vocalic change where the original a in nation changes to a in national. Well, in some cases we even may have both. For example, in destruction, we have on the one hand a change from oi in destroy to destruction to a. And at the same time, we have the insertion of a ker destroy with nothing and ker distract. And so here we have destroy destruction in fact two changes at the same time. Let's now look at prefixes in particular. Over here you find a set of prefixes and they have one thing in common. They normally do not inflict phonological changes. So they're stress neutral. In cases like unusual, you have usual, unusual, no stress change. In cases like this, allow, you have allow and disallow. So really they're stress neutral. They're phonologically not really relevant. On the other hand, some of these prefixes may be syntactically relevant. For example, in be which or in enable, you can observe a change from a noun which to a verb. So here be which be which turns the noun into a verb. And in enable, we have a change from an adjective to a verb. So en turns the adjective able into a verb. So some of these prefixes are syntactically relevant. Let's look at suffixes. Here the situation is different. The most common means of deriving new words in English makes use of suffixes. In English, derivational suffixes can be subdivided in several ways. On the one hand, we can again look at their phonological behavior. There are suffixes that inflict phonological changes. Look at something like, and now I'm using phonetic transcription, produce versus production, produce, production. Now here we have a change from u to ak. So a vocaliq plus a continental change. On the other hand, we have suffixes that are phonologically neutral. Examples would be something like help or sorry, helpful. So here we have the stress in each case on the first syllable. Help and helpful is there's no change. Other examples would be something like punish and punishment where nothing happens to the base form in terms of any phonological change. The word class that suffixes incorporate however is very interesting in this case. For example, we have nominal affixes like meant. So whenever you add something like meant to a base form in punish, for example, you will get punishment and you will have a change from verb to noun. Then we have verbal affixes, affixes that turn their base into verbs. For example, if we take i's, then a noun like standard can be turned into a verb. So here we have the noun standard and the resulting new derivative is a verb. The third group are adjectival affixes. For example, herbal in move and herbal which becomes movable and here we have a change from verb to adjective. Other examples would be something like top which is a noun and if you add less an adjectival affix it becomes topless. Well, here is the third group, infixes and circumfixes in present day English. Well, there is general agreement among morphologists that English has neither infixes nor circumfixes. However, in examples of expressive language so-called expletives that is words with a clearly recognizable negative attitude may be inserted as infixes. Let's take two base forms. For example, kanga and I deliberately leave a space here, kangaroo or let's take another example in possible. Now, these are clearly base forms.  Yet this process is restricted by a suprasegmental phonological constraint. The expletive material must be inserted between two feet. That is a unit consisting of either one stressed syllable and one or more unstressed syllables. So kangaroo and impossible are pos, are the stressed syllables. Now, here's another variant of derivation conversion. This is a very common non-concatenative operation of enriching the English vocabulary. Let us take the word must as an example. Now, must is normally an auxiliary verb, a modal to be precise, and it can be converted into a noun. An example would be something like you must attend classes regularly, which would be an auxiliary verb, and class attendance is a must. Here we have a noun. Now, conversion raises three major problems. First of all, the problem of directionality. The question is, how can we decide whether it is the auxiliary verb that is derived from the noun or vice versa? Well, here in the case of must, it is pretty clear because the frequency of occurrence will tell us the true story. Another case concerns the question of affixation again. Couldn't we define conversion as a zero affixation? Well, the element zero is not uncommon in linguistics. In phonology, we have zero elements. In syntax, we have zero elements. So this is not something completely uncommon. And if we did, we could reduce different morphological operations to just one central concatenative operations affixation. Well, this could be a possibility. I'm not giving you the solution here. And then we have the problem of crossing linguistic boundaries. Now, it is very difficult sometimes to decide why certain conversion processes are possible. Take the example winter and to winter. So the conversion from noun to verb, which is clearly possible. But what about summer and to summer? Well, here we run into trouble. Now, without reference to syntax or semantics, that is, to higher levels, we have no chance to take the final decision. So let's summarize then. We have two central operations in present-day English that allow us to derive new words. On the one hand, we have concatenation or affixation, where we primarily use prefixes or suffixes. Even though infixes are possible, we can ignore them by enlarge and dedicate them to special cases. Conversion is the second big morphological process of derivation. Now, whether it's zero affixation or not was not solved in this unit. And then we have other processes that expand the English vocabulary by means of recycling existing words. So we have something like brunch, for example, which is a combination of breakfast and lunch. And here, of course, we have a combination of two base forms. And this example is called a blend. There are more examples of this type, but they have not been considered here.


I could watch you for a lifetime You're my favorite movie A thousand endings You mean everything to me


Do you think that the United States and the UK have the right to invade Afghanistan? What gives any political entity a country a right to exist, in a sense, as a political entity? And I'd say what gives it is the extent to which it defends the rights of its citizens. That is, government is only legitimate to the extent that it protects the sovereignty of its individuals. Countries don't have sovereignty, only individuals have sovereignty.  To the extent that you grant your government legitimacy, is to the extent that it's legitimate. If it's any dictatorship in mind, therefore, it's illegitimate. Any country that systematically violates the rights of its citizen, what does it mean to say Saddam Hussein has sovereignty over you all? I mean, that's bizarre. He has a murderous thunk who killed his own people en masse, who didn't allow individual rights in any respect, and anybody in his country yet he has sovereignty over you all. No, he's completely legitimate. Anybody could have invaded any government if he didn't want to be completely legitimate. Now, the question is, should you invade to get rid of Saddam Hussein? That, in my view, is completely a question of, you know, your own interests. That is, wasn't it America's self-interest invading Iraq? In my view, the answer ultimately is no. Why is it an America's self-interest to invade Afghanistan? Probably, but not the way they did it. So, it really is a question of self-defense. So, what is it self-interest? Ultimately, what is it? Is it crucial for American self-defense to invade Iraq? If the answer is yes, then you invade it. If the answer is no, then you nominate it. The legitimacy, the sovereignty of Iraq is irrelevant to the question. Now, if you talk about France, then there is a question of sovereignty, because it is a legitimate government. Now, it is right-respecting, at least to an extent, you know, just as Britain is, and just as America is, they're all mixed, right? They're not pure, but they're all mixed. But, look, I can see by your face that you disagree with them. If you think, if you think that France, or take the UK, that the UK are France, on the same scale of rights violation as Iraq is, and you're completely detached from reality, Well, the line, in my view, the line is the four characteristics of a state, let me see if I can remember all four, but the four characteristics of a state that is illegitimate, completely, that is basically a dictatorship, but to a totalitarianism. One party will, you know, whether you have, the most important one in my view, whether you have censorship or not, freedom of speech, and to the extent to which it is applied, whether you have any kind of elected government. You know, okay, so those two. But the keys, in my view, are some kind of one party world which denies any kind of election, and freedom of speech. As long as you have freedom of speech in a country, there's some freedom left in that country, there's some way to use reason and thought and arguments and discussion in order to change the world in which you live. When freedom of speech is gone, you're basically living in dictatorship in which your only means of dealing with change is through violence, through evolution, bringing up, taking arms, and revolting against it. So a country that rejects all notions of speech, which clearly you all did, which clearly France and Britain and America don't. There's freedom of speech, I'm here, right? I'm not a very popular guy, I was just in Israel, there's freedom of speech in Israel. Speaking of France, I've spoken in most of Europe. There's basically freedom of speech in the West, and in much of Asia. China's an interesting excuse. There's clearly less freedom of speech in China. There's one party rule in China. China's probably the most borderline you're going to get, but clearly Europe, the US, Japan, the Koreas, are fundamentally free countries. They're not as free as we'd like, but they're fundamentally free.  There's a difference between the two. And all you'd have to do is go visit those places. Not for very long. And you would notice that there is a stark, stark difference. Now, is the US and England will be one country? No, absolutely not. They're nowhere near as free as they should be. But they are much freer than these guys, and therefore they're much more moral, and therefore legitimate regimes. Those are these that are not legitimate regimes. The North Korean regime is not a legitimate regime. Somebody wants to invade them and get rid of the guy. All the power to you. I wouldn't do it because my life's not worth whisking for the sake of the North Koreans. But if you want to do it, that's your business.