Pokemon Go. Everybody's talking about it. Everybody's doing it. And now a lot of people are going out into the city of Pikeville and enjoying the evenings Pokemon Go. But we want you to be safe as well when you do this. And with us right now is Paul Maynard, the Director of Public Safety for the city of Pikeville. And Paul, this is a phenomenon that's hit the nation and it's hit Pikeville. It really has. We're seeing an outpouring of people coming downtown in the downtown area and their shopping districts really enjoying themselves getting out and getting some exercise with this game. And it really has taken off. It's amazing how much we've seen an increase over the last week of players downtown. Well of course we want everybody to play it. Have fun doing it. But we want you to be safe as well. Yeah absolutely. Obviously if you're not familiar with this game it's very technologically based. You have to really concentrate on your phone and that type of thing. And what we're trying to ask people is be careful. Be aware of your situation. Be aware where you're at. And please don't Pokemon Go and drive. Oh absolutely. I tell everybody no skateboarding, no bicycling, no cars. This is something you definitely need to concentrate not only for your safety but on the game. So you don't want to give another aspect to that that could take your attention away. Okay. Be safe but enjoy the game. For EKB News, I'm Gary Slaw.


According to the usual news sources, Donald Trump's new budget proposal, quote, envisions steep cuts to America's social safety net, unquote, and will, quote, gut social programs, unquote. Most of the cuts were proposed to pave the way for more Pentagon spending. In truth, Trump's proposal doesn't matter and Congress will set to work piling on more deficit spending for both social programs and for the Pentagon. But the debate of gutting social programs will no doubt be used to perpetuate yet again the myth that the United States is ruled by libertarian social Darwinists who ensure that no more than a few pennies are spent via social programs for the poor. Hello, this is Ryan McMakin, and you're listening to the Mises Institute's Radio Rothbard. Now, setting aside the question of whether or not social programs are the best way to address poverty, the fact is that the United States government's spending on social programs is on a par with Australia and Switzerland and can hardly be described as laissez-faire. Moreover, government spending on healthcare per capita in the United States is the fourth largest in the world. Governments in the United States pour money into social benefits programs at rates typical to a Western welfare state. We can debate whether or not the way this is done is suboptimal or not, but the fact remains that if we're going to talk about social programs, the amount of spending in the U.S. is not low in a global context. According to the 2016 Social Expenditure Database at the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, the OECD, public social spending as a percentage of GDP in the U.S. was 19.4%. While it is true the U.S. is hardly the highest on this list, its social spending is higher than that of Canada, Australia, Ireland, and Iceland, all of which we are often told are far more generous countries in terms of their welfare states. Indeed, if the typical American leftists were asked if the U.S. should spend as much as Canada or Australia on social benefits, the response is very likely to be an emphatic yes. And yet, the U.S. outpaces all of these and has spending levels comparable to that of Switzerland. Indeed, the difference between Switzerland and the U.S. in this measure is four-tenths of 1%. The OECD averages 21.4%, a matter of 2.1 percentage points difference from the U.S. When we turn to the matter of healthcare, we find that the U.S. is a world leader in terms of governmental healthcare spending. According to the World Health Organization, only Luxembourg, Norway, and the Netherlands spends more government money on healthcare per capita. In the U.S., the sum is 4,153 per capita, and in Norway it is 5,154. In the United Kingdom, the total is 2,716. This presents a problem for advocates for more government control of the healthcare system, of course. Often their line of argument is that Americans are too stingy with social health benefits. When confronted with the fact that government spending is quite high, however, they switch tactics and then declare that if the U.S. adopted a more government regimented system, then spending would actually be lower. This was a tactic employed by Bernie Sanders. This latter claim may or may not be so, but the one thing we do know is that the U.S. already spends more per taxpayer on healthcare than most everyone else. So it seems hard to fathom that the problem, whatever that may be, is a problem of too little government spending on healthcare. If advocates for reform want to argue over how the money is spent, let them do so, but the debate should hardly include any proposals to increase government spending. In the U.S., government spending on healthcare as a percentage of total government spending is also one of the highest among wealthy nations, although by this measure the U.S. is equal with Japan and the Netherlands. I am not a defender of the U.S. government's gargantuan military budget, but even considering that huge expense, government healthcare spending still takes up an unusually large amount of government spending in the U.S. overall. There is no shortage of articles and publications like Slate and The Nation, stating that the American social safety net does not exist, and that the U.S. has a quote, stingy social safety net, unquote. Now, if by stingy one means poorly administered, ineffective, or counterproductive, then one would be on to something. But if by stingy one means underfunded, well, there's little evidence of that. Even many advocates for a reduced federal budget are likely willing to consider ideas that would spend taxpayer dollars more effectively. After all, if it's a given that one is going to pay a large federal tax bill, one often would rather see that money go to something like housing for a single mother and her children who are living in a car. But are federal dollars actually doing that? Critics of American stinginess are themselves quick to point out that all that American spending on social benefits isn't pushing down poverty rates. Even if one believes that governments are generally poor at accomplishing the goals they set out to accomplish, it seems that in this regard, the U.S. government is especially bad. There may be many reasons for this, but the fact that in terms of size, scope, and geography, the U.S. is nothing like the much-vaunted European welfare states seems to never get mentioned. After all, it should be considered worth noting that among the Western welfare states, the United States is by far the largest, with 320 million people. The next largest country isn't even half that size, and is Japan with 125 million people. And of course, Japan's geography, culture, and demographics are completely different from that of the U.S. Once we get to governments of the size and physical scope of the U.S. government, we're looking at something on a scale that can't possibly be considered responsive or accountable by any measure. It becomes nearly impossible to make changes in such an enormous apparatus, which itself cannot possibly take into account the vast number of different populations and conditions that exist across a place such as the United States. Thus, comparing the U.S. welfare state to that in a country like Finland, with 5 million people, makes no sense at all. If critics of the U.S. welfare state really wanted to be more like those found in Scandinavia, a good first step would be to immediately break up the U.S. administrative state into dozens of much smaller independent states. This would of course mean ending the federal government's welfare state as we know it. But that by itself isn't a magic bullet since we know that in California, which has its own supplemental welfare state on top of the federal one, poverty is higher than in any other state. Nevertheless, if we're going to hear constantly about what successes the Scandinavian welfare states are, we might as well use this as an excuse to create states on a more Scandinavian scale. Given that the largest Scandinavian nation state, Sweden, has a 10.1 million-person population, this means breaking up the American welfare state into at least 30 totally independent smaller pieces and going from there. These programs would then be under the control of local residents at least, as they are in say Denmark, and not something controlled by distant untouchable Washington bureaucrats and politicians. An even better size for each piece would be something on the scale of Norway, which has 5 million people and is thus the size of Minnesota or Colorado. At the very least, no government larger than a U.S. state ought to be in the business of social benefits. After all, when it comes to government programs, bigger has never been better. Thank you for listening to Radio Rothbard. Sources for the data used in this talk can be found in the written version linked in the description. And if you're not subscribed already, please subscribe to Mises Media on YouTube and subscribe to our daily email service under the subscribe tab at Mises.org. Have a great day.


Hello and welcome to NewsClick. The past week saw massive, brutal political violence in the state of Tripura. The main targets were the opposition CPIM and the offices of the CPIM including the State Committee building in Agartala were attacked, there were incidents of vandalism and it was not only the political opposition, it was also the media. Now the attackers are believed to be associated with the ruling Bharati Janata Party. What is happening in Tripura and why is it happening? To talk more about this, we have with us Jitinder Chaudhary, the former MP from Tripura East and the Central Committee member of the CPIM. Thank you so much for joining us. So we have seen a lot of media reports of what happened over the past week. Like I said, there have been incidents of arson, bikes being burned, political cadre being attacked, a lot of very aggressive rhetoric that has been recorded in various videos. So media reports have pointed and portrayed this as some kind of spontaneous violence and a response. But is that the case or is it something deeper? Actually, this is not an isolated thing. I would say this is a new variant of the attack. This onslaught upon the democratic right, the hotels civil debt etc. in the state of Tripura, it has started from the day one of the BJP and its early IPFT God majority in last election. Because they know on the basis of the which promises they have given to the people before the last assembly election, they will never fulfill it. Because those all promises which have been orchestrated in their bishanda common, it is against the policy of the BJP government as a whole at the center and in different states. So for isolated for Tripura, it will not be implemented there. So from day one, there the hotels are art of governance is by creating the fear, psychosis, terrorization. They will keep the people mum silent, then they do not raise their voices. But during last three and half years, not only the lapped or opposition or innocent people, even within the house of the BJP, those who have put them to power, those who are very much instrumental for their that is gaining this power etc., they are also revolting. There has been lot of internal feud within the council of ministers itself, within the party itself, among the youth, among the women, among their other frontal organizations. So they are searching for a plea by which they can start their new variant of attack. So on 6th of September, Manik Sarkar, the former chief minister, now the present opposition leader of the state of Tripura, happened in Dhonpur under Sonamra subdivision of the Sipaizala district. It is his assembly constituency form from where he was elected, being elected from there for last six times. Last three and half years all the time, when he have attempted to go there, not only there in other places also, he was prevented by the BJP people in different way, in visiting the people, his constituency other and very particularly in his constituency Dhonpur. But our party took the permission, obtained the permission from the administration to that is organize a mass deposition there. So when he started first, the Tripura police, they prevented him from entering his constituency. Sorry, you please do not move further, BJP people are resorting to some kind of the program. What is the program there? They were, that is burning tire, chanting Bharat Mata Ki Jai, Jai Sriram, Manik Sarkar, Govag, etcetera, etcetera. But then the Manik Sarkar, because three and half years he is not visiting his constituency, people also want him and there are only handful people. In other hand, there are couple of thousands of CPM supporters, they are peacefully marching by defying the obstruction come from the police and this handful people of the BJP peacefully they reached to Dhonpur, submitted the memorandum to the block development officer, held a meeting and come back. But from that evening itself, BJP started there all this pre-plan, this new height of attack. First one minister, his name is Sushant Choudhury and very unfortunately that gentleman, young guy just 48 hours ago he took the oath as a minister. I think he has been made scapegoat by the chief minister and from the press conference itself, he declared that what Manik Sarkar has done, what Manik Sarkar has done nothing, he has just while that is pursuing his democratic right, he went there, inch by inch it will be retaliated, from there he instigated to their cadres. And next day on 7th, one meeting has been organized by BJP's Yuba Murcia, they are one of the leaders, he also delivered their very fiery speech and very unfortunately in that same meeting, the union minister of state elected from Tripura, one lady minister, he was also present there and in that meeting itself, that Yuba Murcia leader, he instigating their supporters, from this meeting itself, after this meeting is over, you youth take the responsibility, wherever you get the CPM supporters, you assault them, you break their heads, break their legs, break their hands, whatever you can do, so while one minister, one leader and in presence of one MP and union minister, this kind of thing happened, so what can be happened, you can imagine and from that evening itself, this large scale brutality that has started, arson in the dwelling houses, vandalizing, ransacking the shops, other properties, from 7 nights alternately, simultaneously in 5 districts. Next day on 8th September, there was a program at Udaipur, the district headquarter of Gomoti district, our youth organizations, Democratic Youth Federation of India and Tribal Youth Federation took care that they are having one program, it was the declared program well in advance and few hundred people assembled there, so they are also again with same manner, the police people came to our people, you can't hold this program today, you have given us the permission, this is not that suddenly any chosen program and police came, they surrounded our district party office there, anyway our youth, they have not, how to say, that is reacted to their provocation, they kept quiet, but under the leadership of one minister from the district, they gathered some hundred of youth, all with lathal weapons, even carrying revolver, it has been seen and their scores of senior police officers were present, scores of the state and central paramilitary forces are present, if BJP government, they would have been, administration would have been really impartial, discharging their constitutional responsibility, both the parties, very particularly the BJP who has come to, that is create this trouble, they could have been dispersed, yes the CPM people, they stopped organizing their program okay, they have already suspended their program, they could have been dispersed, but large scale violence started from there, in presence of the police, pelting, that is the bricks, stones, etc. on the party offices, there number of people got injured and simultaneously on that day, without any provocation, there at Bishalgarh, it is in between the Agartala and Udiput town, there they had quarter of Sipaizala, CPM district office, it was at the known time, after known, normally that time the office remain, that is there is no people comes, only evening people comes again, so these people they came with bulldozer, first they have demolished the boundary wall, then entered into the office and with all these petroleum, the other thing, the burnt ashes and astonishingly, the police stations only in three minutes distance, then the sub-division police officers, office also within two minutes distance, as DMs office, block office and one BSA headquarters, if the administration and police would have had the intention to stop all this thing, this vandalism, they could have easily stopped it, they demolished the boundary wall, guarded the party office, then after one hour only the firefighters allowed to come here and extinguish the fire, that way the houses of our party people nearby and the office was totally destroyed and simultaneously on that day from BZP headquarters under the leadership of that same minister who spoke on the day one to take the events against Manik Sarkar and his program on 6th, he was behind as reported, one procession they have started from there and they came with all lateral weapons, first they attacked the CPIM waste district headquarters and they are also because most probably state police, the intelligence, they had some information, so our people found, not our people, all people have seen it, the small city of Airtala, that from half an hour before their position started, there were more than one platoon of people are there and state police officers are there, so if they would have the intention to stop them to check this vandalism they could have done and from that district party office, the distance of our state party office is another 100 years and from there they went to the party state office, vandalized the party state office, set on fire, set fire there, vehicles, two wheelers and other properties and just nearby that is Delhi office is there, it was also vandalized, then from there they have come to another newspaper office, it is Pratibadi column and PB24, this cable TV that also ransacked and are sound like anything and that day on 8 in 5 districts, more than 50 CPIM offices and more than 70 houses of the CPIM supporters and others, leaders and sympathizers, it was vandalized, ransacked, looted and arson and scores of people, they were physically assaulted, even the aged women, octogenarian children, they are not spared, so why it has happened, they are on six, that program at Dhanpur in Manik circus constituency, okay, even if they have not liked it, there could have been some incident there, there could have been some altercation or something, but why this is, this is very politically and in well planned manner, BJP and BJP not only the state BJP, even the central BJP because central BJP last couple of months, dozens of leaders are visiting Tripura state to mitigate the internal feud among the BJP leaders, BJP ministers and others there and they were not in a position to, that is keep them quiet, rather it was further intensifying, yeah intensifying it, so that's why to divert the people's attention, so they were needing this kind of thing, this is one, second is the CPIM and lab parties together, of course another leadership CPIM, despite of all these onslaughts during last three and a half years, CPIM they were resorting to the democratic movement in all local state and national issues, even their hotels every day in day out, they are they are they are bleeding, they are not allowed to discharge their normal democratic rights etc, but the democratic movement of the CPIM and its mass organizations, yeah it was not confined, rather it is further and further it is reaching out to the people, so that's why they are very very much afraid that this has to be stopped and somehow it has to be diverted and CPIM should be confined between the terror and how to keep them protected to divert the people's attention from this, that is what I'll say non-performance of the government, so this is the larger political intention behind this kind of the terrorization. Absolutely, I'll come to some of the issues the left has been raising, but before that just quickly wanted to ask you that in the aftermath of these incidents, what has been the response of the government, have they you know shown any sign of accountability or any sign of trying to crack down on the protesters? No, not a single culprit has been arrested, booked under law. If you go by the hotels news report, media report also, that all these incidents 80 percent of incident took place in broad daylight, residual 20 percent in that is night time or midnight, so and more astonishingly, in all these cases of gruesome attack, mob, etc., police were there behind them, so why police comes? If they are not refraining them, police comes that the goons are not resisted by the opposition or the people. So, even the people who are this subjected of this attack, they are loosing the affair, etc., not a single affair is taken for cognizance, not a single arrested, not only in this last one week, even from the day one, not a single culprit still today has been booked. So, this is the thing happening in Tripura. I would say, of course, Tripura is an, hotels say province of the Indian Union, but the Indian constitution is absent there under the busy period. And to come back to the point about some of the issues the left has been raising, could you maybe also take us through what are the key failures of the government the left has been pointing out and what are the demands that the left has been raising through its mass movements. Number one is that, BGP was voted to power by the people because of their vision document. In that vision document, they have given 299 assurances and that assurances to the youth, to the peasantry, to the workers, to the agriculture workers, to the omen, to the government employees and for overall development of the state. So, our number one slogan is that, the one is that you implement your promises because these promises has brought you to the power. Number one, number two, what we are demanding that in social sectors, education, health, then the welfare of the weaker sections, Tripura though very tiny state during the left front period, in all parameters and the human development index, which was published by the then planning commission and later by the Moodis baby, this Nithya Ayur etc. Left front government's performance was at the top, either number one or at the top. But during these three and a half years, though they have committed to make Tripura a model state and if the party which governing from the center, if the same party comes to the power to the state, there will be a double engine government. But during three and half years, not a single new project, not a single new scheme was implemented, rather what welfare schemes were there during the left front government's time, almost either it is phased out or it is, what does it say, suffering from death of fund etc. And that also we are raising that it should be, that is continued, it should be further implemented. Third, that the lawlessness, restoration of democracy, the rule of law, that should be established. So, these three fundamental things other than the national issues, the issues of the agricultural bill, the issues of the workers, hotels, level law etc., all the demands for repealing all these things, it is there to put up those small states, but we are solidaritying with the all national issues. But there are mainly on the state issues during last three and a half years, though every day we are bleeding, but we have never, that is given away this thing, the CPIM in the lab with the people for the people and they are fighting for the people, that is why this kind of atrocities are taking place. And finally, a quick look at the political situation in the state because we know that the elections are less than two years away in 2023. There is a bit of talk about of course, the Thirumul Congress kind of seeing maybe a bit of a resurgence because earlier it used to be there, then many of their forces went to the BJP. So, how does the CPIM see the political situation right now with this maybe possible reemergence of the. Yeah, it is right that after the that is a third time, I will say coming forward in Bengal, the TMC is very much resummonated and they have been attempting to regain their position there instead of the Pura because earlier entire Congress was shifted to TMC and that same TMC shifted to BJP. Today's almost all BJP MLS and ministers barring few, actually they are also TMC. So, after the Bengals result, they are thinking that they will be in a position again to bring their people back. So, they are trying to that is that is gain their footings there, but they are what we see, what the Pura people they are witnessing that in the state of Pura, yes, TMC could regain something, but not from the other masses barring who are earlier in the TMC and that earlier TMC where are they are now there in the BJP. So, BJP again is very much afraid of it, why they are attacking upon the left because it is to even threaten to TMC also and TMC also very much active and they are also that is they are dreaming now because BJP is very much bankrupt. So, in this hotels travel water their fishing will be very easy, but what can happen what I can say according to my little knowledge of the politics in the last 4 decades, yes, there the BJP's house is very much in for the sake of position, there will be something some erosion within BJP and that will a section will go to the TMC, but TMC would not be in a position to earn the support of the larger masses, they will remain like that. So, this is the scenario in the state of the Pura and they are left of course, even after this brutal attack new new variant of the onslaught etc, but left they will the left resurgence is inevitable and it is happening. Absolutely. Thank you so much Jitendra Chauri for speaking to us. That's all we have time for today, keep watching NewsClick.


Hello friends, I am Sanjay Mukta. I welcome you on Sanjay Mukta Tech School. In this video, I am going to explain how you can implement these three methods with the help of steel address. So first is delete first, second is delete last and third is delete after. And we are going to apply these delete operations on senior leaders. So if you want to watch how we can implement their algorithms, so you can find link of that playlist in the description of this video. But in this video, I will be telling you how you can write functions. Those are implemented in steel address related to these three operations. So first time we delete first. So let's focus on this single address. Let's say this link is already created and we want to delete first node. So address of first node, base address is one on one which is stored in start pointer. Then this node link part is ready address of second node. Second node link part is ready address of third node. So this way we create links. And if you want to know how we can create links, so that video is also available in that playlist. So all the links are available in the description of this video. So you can go and watch. So now let's implement delete first. So this is written time. Then the function is the first and it will be receiving a pointer in start. So through main function, this day first function will be called and main function will be passing address of first node. And that address is stored in the start pointer. So this start pointer will be passed to main function and that will be received into this pointer. Now I'm going to delete one more pointer, start one more pointer, delete. Now I'm going to check if start double equals to none. So why I'm checking this because if linkless is not having any particular node, so it means your linkless is empty. So that needs to be checked. So if start equals to null, so in that case we can print underflow. It means linkless is not having any particular node. So you can print the message as per your requirement. So underflow means that we don't have anything to delete and return. So return will terminate execution of this method of function. So if start equals to null, it means there is no more availability that we cannot delete. If this condition is false, like this is a scenario, linkless is having three nodes and we need to delete this particular node first node. So what we need to do, we need to remove this from this linkless. So right now this first node address is having a connection to start. If we try to delete this node, it means this will become first node. So this node base address that is 2001 should be available into start. But right now it is available into this position. So this is basically link of first node and first node address is having a connection to start. So what we can do, p equals to start. So p is a pointer which will have address of first node that is 1001. Now I can find start equals to link. So start is basically off time structure. So whenever we access member of structure to pointer, then we need to use this error notation. So this you can create by iPhone and click inside. So start is having 1001, its link is having 2001. So that will go into start. So new value of start will be 2001. So here you can see 2001, it means start is now pointing to this node. So this became first node, this became second node and this is not part of this linkless, its address is available into this p pointer. Now if you want to see this memory so that any other program can utilize this memory, so for that you can write pp and you can return start because in this function we modified the address which is stored in the start. So we need to return this so that it can be received by the main function. And now I am going to do it. So this way I implemented first logic which is based on delete first. So we deleted first node from the linkless So I hope you understood this. Now I am going to explain delete class logic. So first I am going to explain how we can write the function for delete class. So delete class means we need to delete this node from the linkless. So there can be two scenarios. First like we are going to delete the node which is the only node in the linkless. Like you are going to perform delete class operation but your linkless is only one node. And second scenario is your linkless is having more than one node and you need to practice each and every node and you need to move to last position and last node will be deleted. So here we covered both the scenarios. So now I am going to write a method. So return type will be start move pointer. Then delete last name of function then it will receive address of first node into this start function. So this function will also be called as main function. Main function will be passing base address of the first node. So in main function we also have start pointer. So that will be passing the address of first node and that is received into this pointer. Now I am going to create two more pointers. So first is preview here and second one is preview here. Now if start is null. So this is the case. Your link is already empty. It is not having any particular. So this condition you also check in case of delete path. So here you can print attitude and return. So return will terminate this execution of this function. So that's why I mentioned this. So this is the scenario where linkless is empty. So we already checked it. Now if linkless is not empty it means now we need to check whether we have only one node in the linkless or we have more than one node in the linkless. So for example, first I am assigning start into PTR now. I am applying if condition to if I am checking PTR link double equals to null. So this is the case which says linkless is having only one node. So for example I am modifying this linkless. So let's say this is start and this is first node which whose base address is 1001 it is stored here 10 and null. So this is our linkless which is having only one node and we are going to delete this one. So start is assigned into PTR. So PTR will be pointing to this node. Now we are checking PTR link. So PTR is 1001. Its link is null. So this condition is true. It means the node which we are going to delete is the only node in the linkless. It means now we can assign null into start because if we delete this node it means now linkless will not be having any particular node. So it's start will be equals to null and after completion of this code we are going to return the start so that actual linkless that is available in the link function will be online. If this condition is false it means this is the standard. Linkless is having more than one node. So if it is false it means PTR link is not null. So I am erasing this from here. This we already covered. Now we are going to copy this. So linkless is having few nodes. PTR is pointing to the first node. Now we need to iterate a loop so that we can do the last node. So here I am checking why PTR link not equals to null. So if PTR link is not equals to null then we need to move to next node. So right now PTR is here. In second rotation PTR will move to here then PTR will be here and then PTR link is null so it will stop. Now what we need to do? We need to assign null at this location because we are going to delete this node. So we need one more pointer that is pre PTR. So when PTR will be pointing to the last node then in that case pre PTR will be pointing to this node. So right now PTR is pointing to the last node. Its link is not equal to null so PTR will be pointing to second node. So when PTR will be pointing to second node so pre PTR should point to this node. So how you can achieve this? So you can assign PTR into pre PTR. So PTR is 1001. Let's say this is pre PTR. So now PTR is assigning its value to pre PTR. So it will be having 1001 and PTR equals to PTR link. So this will be the case. So PTR link so PTR is 1001 its link is 2001. So now here 2001 will be connected and you can close this. Now PTR is pointing to 2001 and pre PTR is pointing to 1001. So pre PTR is on first node PTR is on second node. Now check this condition PTR link so PTR is 2001 its link is 3001 its not equal to null. So PTR will assign its value to pre PTR. So it will become 2001 and PTR link it is 3001 that will come here. So right now PTR is pointing to this and pre PTR is pointing to this. So PTR link so PTR is 3001 so it means this node will be connected. So right now we have both the pointers the node which we are going to be is pointed by PTR and its previous node is pointed by pre PTR. So now what we can do? We can simply assign null to this location and this location we can access to pre PTR. So after completion of this loop you can add pre PTR link equals to null. So it means here null will be assigned. So if this node is having null it means this node is automatically deleted from the link list. And now if you want to delete that node actually so after this else so if else both are completed so after that we can assign pre PTR. So PTR will be pointing to a particular node. So in that case if this condition is true in that case PTR will be pointing to the only node that is the physical connection. And in else case PTR will be pointing to the last node that is the physical connection. So in both the cases we are going to pre PTR and at last we can assign pre PTR start. So if this is the case then start will be changing so we need to return this and if this is the case then start is not changing then also we need to return this. Or you can write this PTR also and this is completed so I am marking it as PTR. So this way I explained you second method practice delete class. So in delete class we have two knowledge. First one is covering when link list is having only one node and second is covering when link list is having more than one node. So this way this is the key function or you can say delete last I was of this implementation by a key. So I hope you understood how this code is working and now you can implement this code into your compiler. But don't forget delete to all this delete class function to main function. You might be thinking like can you explain or can you implement this code on ID or any compiler so that we can do how we can call this method in main function or other methods. So for that purpose you can go to description of this video. You will find link of there is like DSA or implementation using ID with help of key language. So if you open that playlist you will find a video related to code implementation of link list. So where I have implemented insertion, deletion, travers, and all the codes will be available in the program. So you can watch and you can view like how we can manage the code of single link list to gather in the same program. So now we cover delete class. So next is delete after. So in case of delete after we are going to delete a function from the pretty of the link. So after explaining this now I am going to case this so that we can discuss delete after. So now I am going to explain how you can connect the code for delete after operation. So in case of delete after you need to specify which node you are going to delete. So let's say I am passing position as 2. So it means I am going to delete the node which is on third location or third position. So delete after. So I am saying position is 2 you need to delete the node which is after second position. So second position is this so we are going to delete this. So this way the code will be working. And again if you want to watch the algorithm related to delete after. So that link is available in the description. So you can go to and watch that. So now in this case we are going to delete after because we are not going to change the start. And we already know there are a lot of nodes available in this. And we are going to delete any middle node. So why delete after then construct node pointer start and delete the position right. Now this start will be having address of first node that will be provided by main function. And position will be having the value after which node will be deleted. So if position is 2 it means we are going to delete third node. If position is 10 it means we need to delete the 11 node right. So now I am creating one pointer that is PTR right. Then in these are I. Now I am deleting the node. So I is one and PTR equals to start. So these two are initialization statements. Then condition is I as a position. So if I is as a position then this loop will be otherwise it will become. Then I plus plus comma PTR equals to PTR link. So I will be limited by one and PTR will be pointing to next location or next node. Now if PTR is null. So let's say position is 4 and we are moving from one node to another. So there will be a scenario when PTR will be equals to null. It means we need to print and access. So the position you specified that is not applicable in which we cannot define the region of it. Otherwise this loop will execute properly and it will be calculated naturally. And your PTR will be pointing to that location after which or you can say if PTR is pointing to second node. So it means we are going to delete the third node right. So let's integrate this to position values to I is one PTR will be pointing to start. So let's say PTR it will be added 1001. Now check the condition I as a position. So it is true because I is one and position is two. Then PTR double equal to null so it is false. Then I will be incremented to I is two and PTR will be PTR n. So PTR is 1001. So PTR will be pointing to 2001. So right now I is two position is two so this two will be calculated right. So in our case PTR is pointing to second node and we are going to delete this third node. So it's length is 1003,000. So in previous example in Delhi class I mentioned 1001. Assigning 3001 which is the address of this node and it will be stored here. So now PTR is on second node and we are going to delete third node. Again let's say you integrated this loop and PTR was not equals to null. This loop got complicated and in case your PTR is pointing to last one. For example PTR is pointing to last one. So you entered position as three right. So PTR was not equals to null and PTR is pointing to this location. But after this node any other node is not available. It means delete after cannot apply it because you are on PTR, you are on third node. PTR is on third node but after that no node is available. So in that case you can check this condition. If PTR length is null. So you entered by mistake last position. You entered by mistake last position or position of last node. So it means after that node no node is available. It means delete after cannot be applied. So here because I delete that. So you can frame a particular message for here. No node is there for delete and return. So this you also need to take care of. But in our case PTR is pointing to this and PTR length is not null. So this will be false because PTR length is 3000. Now what we need to do? We need to assign this null here. So that this node will be deleted. So let's say we have one more node. So it is 3000. We have one more node that is 4140 and null. And its address is 4000 length. So now we are on second position. So what we need to do? This node will be deleted. So this node's address should be here. It means second node length part will be having address of fourth node. And only this node will be deleted. But this node 3001 is having address of fourth node. So from here we need to assign this location to here. So how we can do that? So you need to write PTR start. So PTR is pointing to that location. So you can write PTR start. So we need to assign value here. So PTR length not start. We need to assign value here. So this is PTR length. So value will be assigned here. And from here, here. So that location is PTR length. So this statement we need to write. So now PTR is 2000 length. PTR is on 2000 length. What is its length? That is 3000 length. So PTR will be going to 3000 length. Which is this. And its length is 1000 length. So by this, what we are getting? 4001. And that will be assigned to PTR length. So PTR length is now 4000. So it means this is disconnected and it is pointing to this one. So this is first node now. This is second node and this is pointing to this third node. And it is deleted. Now we need to delete it physically. So that this memory can be utilized by any other program. But here you can see, now we cannot access 3000 from anywhere. Because 3000 was written here and we created it. And we assigned this value from here to here. Now, before executing this statement. A year here was 3000. That's why it was linking to this and it was linking to this. So before executing this, you need to use one more pointer. Let's say T and inside T you can assign PTR length. So this is T pointer, it will be having 3000 length. That is PTR length. And now you can execute this. So PTR length will be having this whole problem. So these are disconnected. This node's address is available to P and here you can write P and do this only. So this way this delete after operation will be performed. So this way I explained you all three logics. First was delete first, second was delete last and third was delete after. So this way I hope this works out. We can implement all three functions with the help of scene language. If you want to watch their algorithm or their implementation with the help of ID, that is explaining all the functions implementation together. So you can go to description of this video. You will find links of theories and while playing that playlist, you will need to search the related video and you can watch the complete program or complete algorithm. So I hope you understood whatever I explained in this video. Thank you for watching this.


Hi everyone, in this combo piano exercise which can save you a lot of time when you practice, the right hand is going to practice intervals of seconds, thirds, we are taking the E minor scale, fourths, then fifth and then the sixth which is getting a bit wider and the sevenths, finally octaves. You can put this together with the left hand playing single roots, octaves, thirds, maybe fifths and also triads, diatonic triads.


In the bustling marketplace, the secret to capturing hearts and wallets might just lie in a century-old psychological concept called classical conditioning. Let's explore how this phenomenon is not just for textbooks, but a cornerstone of business persuasion. Classical conditioning, a concept introduced by Ivan Pavlov, is more than a psychological curiosity. It's a business strategy gold mine. By associating a neutral stimulus like a brand logo with a positive experience, companies can trigger a reflexive, loyal response from consumers. It's the art of creating an invisible thread between a product and a feeling of joy or satisfaction. At the heart of classical conditioning are two types of stimuli, unconditioned and conditioned. The unconditioned stimulus naturally elicits a response, like hunger from the smell of cookies. The conditioned stimulus, say a catchy jingle, becomes associated with that response over time. Together, they can make a brand synonymous with happiness or quality in the minds of consumers. Consider Coca-Cola's iconic branding, which pairs its logo with feelings of happiness, or Intel's Intel Inside slogan, which has become synonymous with high performance. These aren't just marketing tactics, they're classical conditioning at work, creating powerful brand associations that drive consumer behavior. Classical conditioning doesn't stop at branding. It extends to customer loyalty programs, where rewards create positive associations and employee motivation, where recognition and incentives lead to desired behaviors. It's a versatile tool that shapes not only consumer preferences, but also the culture of a business. But with great power comes great responsibility. The ethical implications of using classical conditioning in business are significant. Is it manipulation or persuasion? Where is the line between influencing and infringing on consumer autonomy? Critics also point out that human behavior is complex, and overreliance on conditioning may neglect the importance of genuine connections. As we look to the future, technology is set to amplify the impact of classical conditioning in business. Personalized marketing, virtual reality experiences, and gamification are just the beginning. These innovations promise to create even more immersive and emotionally charged brand interactions, taking classical conditioning to new heights. In conclusion, classical conditioning is a potent force in the business world. It's a strategic key to unlocking brand loyalty and consumer engagement. By understanding and applying its principles, businesses can navigate the competitive landscape with psychological savvy and ethical foresight, ensuring their message not only resonates, but also endures.


What's up everyone? Welcome back. Let's go to the corner. Got landed on Grinchy. Coming up for the afternoon hunt. But just getting all our stuff ready. You ready buddy? Get out here and see if we can't get on Grinchy. This is the first time. So, wish us luck. See you guys in a little bit. It's too far. Why didn't you shoot before? I'm a gun jammed. I couldn't shoot before because he went right behind the tree. How many shots was that? Five? I shot twice. I shot two. My gun jammed and my third shot. He was too far. We should have let him go and waited for those others. How far was he? He was at least 40. 27 yards folks. Dad! Dad! Oh boy. Richard! Richard! Dad, you got one. I'm getting away. Holy cow. My eardrums. Let's go. Dad, okay. Go here. Give him a hug. Good job. Nephew. Not brother by the way. Nephew. I'm the nephew. How close was he? Dude, he was close. Look, we're right up there. You guys started whispering. Why are we talking so loud? We might get another one. Dad, okay. You would have missed that. You didn't get on the second shot. He almost blew my eardrums off. Dude, I barely had a clearing too. You should have told me to back up. It's all good. I can hear whatever you do.  He was awesome. That was close. Dude. How close did you think that was? Dude, I thought he was going to be a far shot for you. Was he close? He was pretty close. Yeah. He went back. He went back. I had to wait until he went right behind him. Just two clearings right there. Dude, my arm is getting tired. Holy cow. Breathe after a while. He's all tense. What do you think, buddy? That was awesome. My dad beat me, I think. They did a competition. I got it on my first shot. He had to take the majority one. Your dad had to have two birds. We only needed one bird, one shot. Got down with the photo shoot. We'll get you some of those pictures probably at the end of the video. Dude, that picture is sweet. Turn the little tamer. Addicted for life? Yeah. Better than duck hunting, I think. Oh. I'm sorry. I've done it both, so you can't judge me. I'll leave it at that. I'll let the audience decide. If you haven't tried turkey hunting. You haven't done it. You haven't not. Tell them why turkey hunting is so good.  Do it too, huh? Tell the viewers why it's so awesome. This is why it's so awesome. You're with your family, okay? You can do that in duck hunting too.  Do ducks make that sound? No, they make quacks. They're different kind of quacks. And then you got to tell which one is which. Which one's the best? What's the best part about it? The best part about it is... The worst part is about taking pictures. And the best part is to...  Watching them coming. Making memories. And the best part is watching talent go 100 miles per hour. The best part is when you can finally breathe. After you see that thing laying down on the floor. Exactly. We reviewed the footage, but that bird's okay. He's fine. He's got a door until it's green. He's got eight more lives. Better than duck hunting, I think. I'm still... In your opinion now? Yeah, dude. Like, I'm missing. We ran up on them. We thought it was coming out of here. That was redemption story right there. Yup. I didn't even hardly hit them. From zero... to hero. It was good. Zero to hero. There's our caller right there, boys. Callum's Guide Service. Callum's Guide Service. We're officially trained in Alaska. For this moment. Thanks to Jeff Bryant from Chasing Creation. I'm sorry, Uncle Jeff. Uncle Jeff. Jeff Bryant to all you. Uncle Jeff to all of us. Except Callum, the camera. You're closer than my father. What a dory. Hey, the Albino Rhino. Albino Rhino.


Listen, it's the message right here. Black boy, tell me how you really feel. Because I just want to build with you.  I want to keep it real with you. I want to live better, eat better. I want to love better, sleep better. Yeah, I want to feel so aligned. Talk to me about why do you think black men and black women can't get along, aren't getting along? Do you think there's a problem? I do. OK. Talk about it. I actually feel like it starts with the women. I feel like although men help us produce children, ultimately we birth that child. It starts with us in an aspect. I feel like if women did give men that safe haven to be vulnerable, then more guys would do it. But the thing is when a man is vulnerable, a lot of times a woman use it against them because women are more emotional.  I don't know what to do. You can hold him down. But then later, it's like, oh, well, all I did for you. And you can't even do this for me. And it's like, but you did it out the kindness of your heart. So did you do it out the kindness of your heart or did you do it because you wanted something in return? For a guy, he can have a female do that for him. And then when he gets on his feet, then he ventures out. So I feel like it has a lot to do with one compromising understanding, communication, and trust. A lot of people deal with people that they don't trust. I feel like if people actually got the time to know a person before getting into their pants, then they would really know a lot about a person. Also, questions. When people go on dates, I don't think they ask the right questions. They ask basic questions, but those questions aren't ultimately what you feel like you need and your life going forward. So you're thinking about now versus the future. Some people will say, well, you shouldn't ask all those questions. So would you rather ask the questions, have the person answer, and if they get irritated and don't want to answer, then you know, well, they're like this thing. Maybe this is not the person that I need to deal with because I want to open person. So if I ask this person these questions, if they're open, they're going to be like, OK, go for it.  Because you like to engage in conversation, you get upset about something. And then they're like, it's not that big of a deal. Like, I think a little dramatic. And that could go both ways.  Is it? Come on down. And this is for the guy, but what's wrong with him crying? Like, it's completely OK. It's healthy. So it's healthy for us to cry. But it's not healthy for the men to cry. How is that? So one of the things I'm hearing a lot of men say, they're saying that when a lot of black women describe their ideal man, they're describing a woman with a penis. Because some of the traits that they describe are traits of a strong black woman, not necessarily of a man. And some of the things that they feel like would make them compatible doesn't actually make them compatible. So for instance, two emotional people, probably a terrible idea. How are you going to raise kids? Who's going to be level headed? Or two nonchalant people, right? So men are having the conversation about we need balance. Women tend to have the conversation like men need to be more like us. So why do you think that's happening? Why do you think we're missing each other as far as preferences? Selfishness, in a way, because, and correct me if I'm wrong, but I do feel like when women look at a man, they look for a perfect person. Like, I need you to do this. I need you to do that. Oh, and do it just like this. Or when you clean the house, make sure it's just like this. It's like, I want you to help, but I want you to help the way I want you to help me. And I don't think it's fair because everybody's love language is different. So how something may look to you, it may not look like that to your man. But because it's all about you, this is how I feel. This is how this looked to me. This is how you did this, and it made me feel this way. But did you ask him why he did it that way? Maybe the questions also. I think women don't ask questions like the right questions. I feel like they ask questions to benefit them, not to actually really dig into the guy's mind or how he feels. What do you think that is? Selfishness. Sometimes, and I'm not saying it's all women, but power is will. I feel like a lot of women like to have power. And I feel like they like to have power because if they're in control of the situation, then it's like, oh, he's going my way. So I could get him to do whatever I want him to do. Poor guy, I feel like it could be power as well. But I also think sometimes the guy can have a little bit more to lose in a situation like that. Like a female, if a guy's going through a financial hardship and the female's like, oh, you can stay with me, I can help you, it's like once he get there, she treat him more like a servant than her man. It's a difference. And I feel like a lot of women want men to be their father or their servant, not the actual man. And it looks totally different. Let the guy leave. You should let him leave as long as he's leading you in the right direction. I had a friend ask me, if you had a good business plan and your man had a good business plan, both of them could become successful. Who would you choose? Like I'm going with my man because if his don't work out, then we could always fall back on mine. But if I'm supposed to let him leave, then we're going with what he feels is best. That's what you should do because you can't ask for a man but then put conditions on how he's a man. Like that's not how it go. If you're going to take him all or you're going to take him none, not partial pieces, I don't think. So let's explore that because what you hear about a lot is women saying you've got to earn my femininity or you have to earn my submission or everything I'm not going to do.   I'm still going to date with you, whatever the case may be. So why do you think there is that sense of men are no better than their wallets or their digs? Why do you think that's the idea amongst our women? I'm sorry. I actually feel like women look at back of the day where the man used to take care of everything. But I also do know that the women in those positions, they did a lot more than a lot of the women these days.  I mean, they made sure the man's clothes was iron. His lunch was packed. The kids was fed. They could cook a home cooked meal. They were more nurturing in a sense. I think a lot of times now females are more masculine. So it's like, oh, well, you can give me this. You could do this for me. But hold up, wait. I don't know if you deserve all of me. I personally feel like if a man is doing what he's supposed to do, then as a woman, if you have nothing to question, then being submissive should not be an issue. Like if my man's, let's just say he's taking care of the house, he's putting a smile on my face. He's not stressing me out. He's loving me the way I should be loved. Then ultimately, there's no question. The type of woman I am, though, it's going to automatically make me want to do stuff with no question. If I know he love fresh white teas and socks, I'm going to make sure he's stocked up on that. If he love home cooked meals, I'm going to make sure when he get off and work out for the long day, his food is right there. But I think that came from me watching my mom. And she used to do that for my dad. But those were the good parts that I watched. Because you've grown up, I don't have kids. I'm single. But I date. And I date my culture and outside my culture. Just to learn. People, a lot of the times I think it's the person. Because not all women are like that. There are nurturing women out there. But I also feel like it's a power thing, too. I want to feel good. I want to feel liberated. You're doing this for me. Like a guy being her servant. But because she feels like she's like the queen, everything has to be done my way. But that's not our partnership. If he's doing everything and you reaping the benefits, then he might as well be the other self. Because he care. So let me ask you this. So a lot of women are going to hear this.  What if you could explain what a pick me is and explain how you understand it? I mean, I feel like they're going to say a pick me. Because they're like, oh, she just want to be on the guy's good side. But I don't feel like that's the case. I've dated. So I've dated. Islanders, I've been on dates with Hispanics, Black men, Caucasian men, I don't know. I've just tall, short, thicker, smaller mom in the household, mom not in the household, dad in the household, dad raised, mom raised, grandparents raised. So I've really ventured out because I've wanted to understand the male's perspective and mindset. You're only going to say a person is a, some females do be pick me. But some females actually take the time. To talk to guys and have conversations with them and hear their side and bend in situations where you've had to hold yourself accountable for things because you weren't always right. So when a female can take her pride down and give that guy that vulnerable space, then you learn a lot about guys because they're going to feel comfortable to talk to you. My friendship life with guys and my dating life is totally different. So having guys talk to me and actually give me feedback on the things that they have to go through and let me see different perspectives and then me talk to females and I'm like, OK, OK. They do think like that a little bit. My mindset is different in a way. I can't tell you exactly why, but being spiritual and really happen to dig into yourself internally, you learn things about yourself, your flaws, the good parts, the bad parts, the things that you could do better at. Maybe I need to change my perspective. I've been in positions where I was that female that I'm talking about and it doesn't really get you far. So I had to change how I think about things and how to do a 360 because a lot of times we think 180, but not the whole 360 like, OK, if this was you, if you were asking you for what you're asking him and you were in his shoes, how would that make you feel? And I had to start thinking like that. Once I started thinking like that, the conversations became different and the questions that I asked guys also were different. I feel like a lot of times we asked questions based off of what would have benefited us, but not tapping into the guy's mind and actually feel like, what do you really need? What do you want? How do you feel? Like not how are you, but how do you feel? Because if you ask the person, how are they? They can say I'm fine. But it's like, how do you feel? You could still say fine, but you'll see a different reaction off their face. Like you might see them frown or, you know, so, yeah. So on this journey of understanding men, tell me about some of the things you've learned and some of the things that surprised you. That guys are actually way more simple than we think.


There are different ways anger can play out and I think for a lot of people The reason their anger problems are ongoing Is is shame? I think a lot of some of us we see ourselves acting out in ways that are harmful to people we care about And then very quickly we have this this shame response that comes in. Oh, I'm a bad partner I'm a bad, you know, whatever. There's something wrong with me. I'm the guy that always f sit up, right? That's so painful that we then Move into avoidance and when you're angry avoidant strategies Look a little different than they do in other places. For example blaming Right, that's a primary avoidant strategy. I only said that to you because you da da da da da da, right? And that avoidance prevents us from ever figuring the situation out or doing better I think another way That anger can can play out in tricky ways are people who have a lot of shame initially Who haven't learned to connect well with others Maybe they're avoidantly attached, right? They didn't have caregivers that were there consistently when they were distressed growing up So they didn't learn to be soothed through connection And so when when difficult emotions like anger or whatever else comes up They don't know how to soothe, right? They they haven't learned that if I connect with people that care about me I can feel better and so what happens is you get people who instead of You may have heard If you can't beat them join them. Have you heard that phrase if you can't beat them join? That's not how we're wired at all. I think the way it works with humans is if you can't join them beat them We're designed to join to feel better through connection But when you've got people who can't do that because they don't have the skills or their history hasn't taught them How and they're distressed they think well if I can't I can't join you better that I'd be more powerful More dominant on top of the hierarchy and these are the people who will lash out in anger The other people recede and they think yeah, look at me. I want Yep, right and there's a lot of that in the culture right now too. So those are two tricky ways it can Anger can play out and and and shame kind of intersects with in a way That's really difficult the way to approach those is to help people sort of slow down And sort of identify how it works in them And what the triggers are and then also to get them thinking about things like well, what What role do I want to play in the lives of my my partner my wife my kids? How do I want them to feel when I'm around? Do I want them to feel loved and safe or do I want them to feel threatened? How do I want them to feel about themselves when I'm around? Right a lot of how we relate to ourselves Is shaped by how other people's treat us. So if I treat you respectfully and lovingly You'll come to experience yourself as someone who's worthy of respect and love if I treat you dismissively or or critically all the time and and attacking you learn that oh, I can't I'm someone who doesn't do anything right Right, and I think most people no matter how hostile when they really sit back and think gosh. What role do I want to play? in the lives of the people I care about They they want other people to feel safe around them. They want other people's lives to be enhanced to feel better That's your fuel That's your fuel not the anger your fuel is The kind of person you want to be and and and once you're courageous enough to ask You know, how do I want to show up in the world and what do I need to do? What would be helpful for me to do that? That's a different approach to it then. Oh look, I do this things and I'm horrible because I do these things And I've got to do something If if we approach working with our anger in critical ways that keep us in threat Then we're stuck in the same loop right? It's just like if we attack somebody else There we're not going to get someone else out of their anger by convincing them that their anger is wrong


Hello everybody. So, in this topic I will be discussing about newborn care and how to be the newborn. Of course, it is not part of MIYCF, but you know it is not part of nutrition or feeding practices, but I think it is important to kind of teach mothers basics of newborn care because that will prevent lot of complications, ok. So, one thing is first one, first tutorial is on how to take care of newborn, you know. Many even educated parents they have lot of questions when they come to a clinic, you know. So, it is important to just kind of guide them. You can always guide them, you know during pregnancy itself that, ok, if the baby is born once you go home, how often to change the nappy, how to take care of you know other things, how to massage the baby, like who can massage, you know all those what things can be put on baby, what things are not advisable to put on baby. So, all those are very kind of important points and you know we since we have created this tutorial in multiple languages, you can just kind of ask even father can watch it actually, you know anybody in the family can watch it and they will know basic care of newborns, ok. So, this is our two tutorials together, how to take care of newborn and how to bathe the newborn baby. Thank you. Welcome to the spoken tutorial on basics of newborn care. In this tutorial, we will learn how to handle a newborn, umbilical cord care, feeding and burping a newborn, diapering and diaper rash and sleeping pattern of a newborn. The entire family gets excited upon the birth of a newborn and everyone wants to see the baby and hold the baby. Therefore, it is necessary to set some key rules while handling a newborn baby. Newborns don't have a strong immune system. This makes them prone to infections. To protect the baby from infections, it is important to have clean hands before touching or holding the baby. To clean the hands, wash with soap and water and dry well using a clean dry cloth before holding the newborn. Now comes the first thing to learn which is how to hold a baby. Hold the baby by supporting her head and neck with one hand and bottom with the other hand. To lay a baby down, always support the baby's head and neck and hold her bottom as well. On the other hand, to wake a sleeping baby up, do the following. Tickle the baby's feet or lift and support the baby in a sitting position or gently touch the baby's ear. Always remember that a newborn baby is sensitive. Some precautions to be taken while handling a newborn are the newborn is not ready for rough play. Therefore, do not jiggle the baby on the knee or throw her in the air. Never shake the newborn whether in play or in frustration. Avoid sudden jerky moments of the baby's neck. All these may cause internal injuries to the baby. We will now learn about umbilical cord care at home. When the baby is in the mother's womb, the umbilical cord is the baby's lifeline. However, it is no longer needed once the baby is born. Within a few minutes after birth, as soon as the cord stops pulsating, it is clamped. By the time the baby goes home from the hospital, the cord begins to dry and shrivel. The cord falls off by itself in about one to two weeks. Please note that the umbilical cord may be a place for infection to enter the baby's body. Hence, it is essential to take care of it properly. For that, please remember, baby's cord should be kept dry and exposed to air. Only sponge baths should be given until the cord falls off. The cord should be kept on the outside of the baby's nappy or can also be folded down to the top edge of the nappy. Please consult the baby's doctor if there is bleeding from the end of the cord or the area near the skin. Plus, swelling or redness around the navel signs that the navel area is painful to the baby and if the cord has not fallen off by one month of age. Sometimes it might also happen that there may be a small amount of blood when the stump is about to fall off and also after the cord falls off but this should be stopped quickly. Remember, never pull the cord off. Also, do not apply any cream or powder or tie any bandage on the baby's umbilicus after the cord has fallen. For the nutritional aspects of the newborn care, we will discuss how to feed the baby. The newborn should be breastfed within one hour after delivery. Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first six months. Additionally, the mother should provide adequate skin-to-skin contact to the baby and observe the hunger cues of the baby. All these points have been discussed in other tutorials of the same series. In some cases, newborns may need to be awakened frequently so that they are fed enough, especially the smaller premature babies. In case a baby, healthy or premature, does not seem to be interested in sucking, then the mother should consult the doctor or health worker. While breastfeeding, babies often swallow air which can make them fuzzy. To prevent this, make the baby sit and burp after every feed. It has been explained in another tutorial of the same series. Next is diapering. After each bowel movement or if the cloth nappy is wet, lay the baby on her back and remove the dirty nappy. Use water and soft wash cloth to gently clean and wipe the baby's genital area. Do not apply any soap on baby's genital area. Whenever wiping a girl, wipe her from front to back to avoid a urinary tract infection. The mother or caregiver should always thoroughly wash hands before and after changing the nappy. Sometimes it could happen that a baby may suffer from diaper rash. Diaper rash is a common concern. Typically the rash is red and bumpy and will go away in a few days with warm baths, some diaper cream and at times without any diaper or nappy on the genital area. Most rashes happen because the baby's skin is sensitive and becomes irritated by the wet nappy. To prevent or treat diaper rash, change the baby's nappy often, especially after bowel movements. Gently clean the area with a soft cloth and water. Avoid using wipes as sometimes this can be irritating. Apply a very thick layer of diaper rash or barrier cream. Creams with zinc oxide are preferred as they form a barrier against moisture. Wash the baby's nappy using dye and fragrance free detergents. Let the baby stay without a diaper or a nappy for part of the day. This gives the skin a chance to air out. In case the diaper rash continues for more than three days or seems to be getting worse, please consult the doctor. It may be caused by a fungal infection that requires a prescription. In the end, let's discuss about baby's sleeping pattern. Babies sleep for around 14 to 16 hours or more in the day. Newborns typically sleep for a period of two to four hours. Many newborns have their days and nights mixed up. They tend to be awake and alert at night and sleepy during the day. One way to help them sleep more at night is to keep minimum stimulation at night. Example, keep the light slow by using a night lamp and during the daytime try to keep her awake a little longer by talking and playing with her. The mother or caregiver should remember that a baby should always be on her back while sleeping. This reduces the risk of sudden infant death syndrome. For other safe sleeping practices, avoid using the following items in their crib. Blankets, quilts, sheepskins, stuffed toys and pillows. All these can suffocate the baby. Also, be sure to alternate the position of the baby's head each night. First right then left and so on. This will prevent the development of flat spot on one side of the baby's head. This brings us to the end of this tutorial. Welcome to this spoken tutorial on how to bathe a newborn. In this tutorial, we will learn about safety tips for a mother or a caregiver before and during the bath. When to give a baby its first bath, sponge bath, regular bath, traditional bath, bath to babies in hilly areas or cold regions and cradle cap. All new parents are anxious about how to bathe a newborn. A lot of care must be taken while bathing the baby. One wrong step can harm the newborn a lot. Before we begin, it is important to know the safety tips to be followed before bathing a baby. The mother or the family member should always have clipped fingernails before touching the baby and should not wear any rings, bangles or watches. This will reduce the chances of injury to the baby. So, when to give a baby its first bath? Mother can start giving a sponge bath to the baby after 48 hours of delivery. Remember that only sponge bath should be given until the umbilical cord falls off. Once the cord falls off, the mother or any other family member can start giving regular bath to the baby. However, in case a baby has low birth weight then such baby should be given sponge baths until it gains weight up to 2 kilograms. Let us see how sponge bath is given. Before starting, ensure that the room should be warm enough with closed windows. Keep a very soft clean small cloth ready before giving a sponge bath. The baby should be placed on a safe flat surface. The floor would be the safest one. Do not keep the baby on a high platform. The temperature of the water for bathing should not be more than 37 degrees Celsius. Mother should check the temperature of the water using her elbow or wrist. During bathing, first use soapy water for cleaning. To make soapy water, always use any mild colourless and odourless soap or baby soap. Then use clean water to remove the soap. Dip the small soft cloth in water and squeeze out excess water. Now, wipe the baby's eye from the inner corner to the outer edge. Do not use same cloth for wiping other body parts. Always use a fresh and soft cloth to clean other body parts. Also, do not forget to clean creases under arms, behind the ears, around the neck, between fingers and toes and in the genital area. Now that we have discussed what is sponge bath, let us learn about regular bath. Please remember, regular bath should be given to all healthy babies after the umbilical cord falls off. During a regular bath, if you are using a bathtub, first fill the bathtub up to 2 inches with soapy water. To make soapy water, always use any mild colourless and odourless soap or baby soap, as explained earlier. Keep another tub ready which contains fresh water. Then check the temperature of the water with your elbow in both the tubs. After you are satisfied with the temperature of the water, very carefully place the baby in the tub which contains soapy water, ensuring that the head is supported always. Do not add extra water when the baby is already in the tub. To begin with, first wash the baby's head using odourless and colourless baby shampoo or soap. Then gently wash away the soap with fresh water. Next, clean the rest of the body along with the creases and nappy area which is the most contaminated. In the end, gently wash the rest of the body with fresh water. On the other hand, if the mother or caregiver wants to give bath to the baby, in the traditional Indian method, then sit on the floor by spreading your legs parallel to each other. Then place the baby on your leg. Baby's head should be near the mother or caregiver's feet. Baby's feet should be near the mother or caregiver's abdomen. Now, the baby is in the correct position to be bathed. After bathing, dry the baby immediately using soft and clean towels. Remember to dry the creases as explained earlier. Also, avoid using talcum powder or baby powder. Baby powder may cause freezing difficulties in newborns. Never use surma or casual in the eyes. Use of surma or casual may lead to lead poisoning and infection in newborns. Interestingly, special care must be taken for the babies living in hilly areas or cold regions. For babies in such places, a quick daily sponge bath can be given before the cord falls off. However, immediately after drying the baby, mother or caregiver must provide skin-to-skin contact to the baby. This will reduce the risk of low body temperature in babies. Please note that shampooing should be done twice a week. Do not shampoo every day as it will cause dryness of the scalp. It might also happen that a newborn may have crusty patches or scales on the scalp. This is known as cradle cap. There can be some redness around these patches or the scales. Note that there is nothing to worry about cradle cap. It will go away on its own and does not need to be treated. Baby oil may help soften the scales. When applying the oil, rub only small amount into the scales. Too much oil may worsen the condition. Then, wash the baby's hair with a mild tear-free baby shampoo within an hour or two. After that, gently brush out the scales an hour later to avoid more build-up. Never pull the scales as it leads to the sore scalp and further infection. This brings us to the end of this tutorial. Thanks for joining.


I'm delighted to join with my good friend, the Prime Minister, in putting our signatures on an agreement to extend the unique Canada-U.S. partnership in the North American Aerospace Defense Command, known as NORAD. The last time this agreement was renewed was during my visit to Ottawa in March of 1981, which was my first trip abroad as president. I'm sure that the Prime Minister would agree that NORAD has served our mutual interest and has been a significant factor in enhancing deterrence, promoting global stability in the nearly 30 years of its existence. It's therefore entirely appropriate that we extend this joint command for an additional five years. Another topic of particular interest to the Prime Minister and me was the report of our special envoys on acid rain. Drew Lewis and Bill Davis drew, unfortunately, couldn't be here today. Bill Davis is, and we undertook this effort because we recognized that acid rain was a serious concern affecting both our countries and our relations with each other. The study we commissioned was in keeping with a long history of U.S.-Canada cooperation in dealing with environmental issues. Today, I would like to commend Bill and Drew, even though he's absent for their thorough and conscientious work. This, their joint report attests to the serious and practical manner in which they discharged their duties, and I know that Prime Minister Mulroney shares my appreciation and admiration for their balanced and well-drafted joint report. I'm pleased to say that I fully endorse the report and will shortly issue a press statement to this effect. I wish I could say that our action today takes the acid rain issue off our bilateral agenda. Unfortunately, this cannot be serious, scientific and economic problems remain to be solved. But in a spirit of cooperation and goodwill which has come to characterize the way Canadians and Americans approach their common problems, I am confident that we have begun a process which will benefit future generations in both our great countries. Mr. President, I'm very encouraged by your statement and appreciate your personal commitment to resolve our common problem in acid rain, and your undertaking that you have made, sir, in regard to your personal commitment out of your administration, as well as your undertaking to secure appropriate funding is very welcome. Acid rain imperils the environment in both countries. At the back, we commissioned two personal envoys, Drew Lewis and Bill Davis, to take charge of this issue and to break the new ground. They didn't let us down. I salute Bill Davis who's here today, and I was honored to meet with Drew Lewis yesterday at a meeting with Secretary Schultz. I think they've produced a balanced and a realistic document. We now have an agreed foundation on which to build. Your full endorsement of this report, Mr. President, represents a significant step in my judgment in the right direction. We have a proud tradition of resolving trans-boundary environmental problems. We intend to carry on that tradition and to carry it forward. As neighbors and custodians of our common heritage, we must do no less. Much remains to be done. By agreeing to keep acid rain on our agenda, Mr. President, we signal our joint determination to solve this problem. Your Secretary of State, our Secretary of State for External Affairs and other Cabinet officials will report on this vital effort and regularly to us. I am confident that we can move to early and substantial reductions of damage to our environment. This remains our urgent goal, and I'm very grateful to you, Mr. President, for your personal support in this challenge. Mr. President, on behalf of the Government of Canada, and on behalf of my colleagues and friends in regard to this issue and so many others, we have had a very productive and constructive meeting with you as we've had in the past. And I want to thank you on behalf of Canadians for your attention and your sensitivity to Canada's problems, and to the great obligation of solving these problems constructively together. Canada will always work with the United States to build new opportunities and new prosperity for our people. And we thank you for the warmth of your welcome and the courtesies extended to all members of our delegation. Thank you, Mr. President. Well, Mr. Prime Minister, believe me, the feeling is mutual between our two countries and our two peoples. A delay in shipping the military equipment to the Contras. I think it's fully


Hey everybody, we're here at Hash House of Go-Go at the Em Resort in Las Vegas, Nevada during TAM 2012 and this place is known for monster portions of food. So who better to have with us today but Blake Smith of Monster Talk. Hi, thanks for having me. Alright, so Blake, how many TAMs has this been for you? This is my third TAM. Okay, and what are you specifically looking forward to? I know I'm excited about the dinner you guys are hosting. Today we're going to have a kind of a fan appreciation dinner at a restaurant across the street from the South Point and we have a workshop that involves Monster Talk and Oh No with Ross and Kerry and some people from Colorado so this is going to be fun. And then tonight we have the Wait Wait Don't Fool Me Game Show which is hopefully also going to be a lot of fun. I'm on that as well. So that's all my activities on Thursday and then the rest of the conference I get to actually enjoy it and listen to it and be a member of the audience so I'm looking forward to that. Just sit back and watch some of the talks. Exactly and tweet about it, you know, reach out to the community of people who can't be here and tell them what they're missing so. Very nice. Well thank you very much for joining us, hope to see you guys next year at TAM.


I will bear true faith and allegiance. Accordingly, I will conduct myself in the highest ethical manner in all relationships, peers, superiors, and subordinates. Be honest and truthful in my dealings with others and those outside the Navy. Be willing to make honest recommendations and accept those of junior personnel. Encourage new ideas and deliver the bad news, even when it is unpopular. Abide by uncompromising code of integrity. Take responsibility for my actions and keep my word. Fulfill or exceed my legal and ethical responsibilities in my public and personal life 24 hours a day. A legal or improper behavior or even the appearance of such behavior will not be tolerated. I am accountable for my professional and personal behavior. I will be mindful of the privilege to serve my fellow Americans. I am honor.