So I've got a question from my buddy Finn and they say what is the best time to meditate? Is it in the early hours of the morning or in the evening or any other time in between? And I actually have some very specific advice for this question, which is going to really help you not just with meditation But with everything else as well. So by the way, I know this isn't about lucid dreaming It's kind of gonna relate back to this. I mean if you're new here I'm staff I teach lucid dreaming and consciousness, but this specific video is about meditation and brainwave frequencies Now I'm gonna answer the question very briefly now and say that the best time to meditate is There are two times okay first thing in the morning and also every time you have been in a stressful situation After you've been in that stressful situation then meditate now That's the basic answer those of you who are interested in just that you can probably click away now go on my channel What's something else anyone who wants a more detailed answer as well as one particular warning about the morning meditation session? Stick around so all throughout the day and night our brains operate in different frequencies different ranges of frequencies known as Brainwave frequency states brainwave states and these frequencies do different things They allow different parts of your brain to function They allowed a levels of access to your subconscious mind and it's incredibly important to realize this and to bear in mind When and how you do certain things throughout the day now clear example of this is when you first wake up in the morning Your brain is in what we call alpha the alpha brainwave state is between seven and a half and 14 Hertz Hertz is basically how you measure brainwaves and how fast they're running basically So it's measured in cycles per second and like I said alpha is seven and a half to 14 Hertz or cycles per second And you are in alpha when you first wake up now What does this mean okay? So if you're trying to focus on something if you're trying to do or study something or learn something alpha is where you want to Be okay alpha is like literally the top alpha means the first the best way or the best state to be in because it allows You to have enhanced learning you can focus on something But you're not being distracted by all of these different things You're focused on one thing and you're able to connect the two hemispheres of your brain the left and right hemisphere Most of the time we're in the left hemisphere left brain and what you want to do is to be able to synchronize the two hemispheres of the brain and Use both of them at the same time in what we call flow state now flow state is where you have both hemispheres of the brain Functioning at the same time sharing information and ideas and they are connected via the bridge in the middle of the two hemispheres called the corpus Colossum incredibly important state to be in and flow state for those of you who don't know is where you basically lose track of time You lose track of any other distractions and ideas and you focus just on the one thing that you do want to do now flow state Is the goal the holy grail for learning and studying focusing but here's one incredibly powerful warning for you Okay, by being an alpha by being in the alpha states you open up your subconscious mind And so that's how that's one of the reasons you're able to achieve flow state is by letting the subconscious mind flood into your conscious awareness and connect different ideas from all kinds of different parts of your brain doing your memories and Mix them together into a sparkling kind of cocktail of really interesting stuff Now the danger of that is that when you are now for brainwave state You are very open to suggestion any ideas and concepts and things will that you hear or experience during when you're in alpha state Will be absorbed by your subconscious brain like a sponge and this is why the first thing you should do when you wake up Is do not look at your phone. Don't consume any media. Don't watch the TV. Don't turn on the news Okay, that is the absolute worst time to do that because you will absorb those ideas and beliefs like a sponge So it's great for meditation because the goal of meditation is to get into either alpha or theta The theta is for really kind of deep meditation Most of us won't be doing that because most people don't meditate for more than about 10 minutes If you really want to get into theta and even delta in some extreme cases Then you need to be spending more time meditating That's when you want to look at things like mind machines like binaural beats By the way, there are some links in the description if you want to go that deep But most of you will just want to meditate and get into alpha alpha brainwave state Now this is great for meditation and in that sense you should meditate first thing in the morning because you're kind of already there You're already waking up in alpha. So it's the first thing you do when you wake up is to meditate You're already in that brainwave frequency range. So it's gonna be fairly easy to stay there now Why would you want to meditate after a stressful situation? Well, here's the main benefit of meditation It reverses and reduces aging by lengthening your tailor-mears by increasing your tailor-mears You reverse or slow down the aging process So what happens if you imagine tailor-mears like the kind of the caps on the ends of your shoelaces The little plastic caps in the shoelaces when the cap is gone The shoelace kind of frays and decays and splinters out into all these different pieces with the cap there or the tailor-mear In this case your chromosomes or the shoelace is protected. So it doesn't really decay as fast You know, it's protected against that. So by meditating you lengthen your tailor-mears You basically strengthen the protective caps on the ends of your chromosomes Which helps reverse or slow down the aging process. So why do you care about that? Well, in relation to stress stress is one of the biggest factors for aging and for health in general Okay, stress and in particular chronic stress is a very dangerous thing to experience on a long-term basis Because it will damage your cells. It will make your immune system weaker Your motivation levels will drop You'll get all kinds of health problems if you have chronic stress now chronic stress is usually caused by one or two things Every day.  It's easier with practice But what you should really do is every time you know you are stressed You're in a stressful situation and you're annoyed you're angry take a minute to calm down when you think you've calmed down That's when you should meditate when you think you've already calmed down So if you try and meditate in the middle of being angry, you're not really gonna be able to do it It's gonna be quite difficult But if you wait until after you've you think you've calmed down and then you meditate you're gonna massively reduce that stress response Your hormonal response will lower down and calm down and you will massively decrease your stress levels You'll get back into alpha and away from beta So really what happens on your stress is your brainwaves go into beta But you're also really stressed and you have all kinds of stress hormones running through your body Now what you need to do is to meditate after you've been stressed bring yourself back to alpha and calm down Now you can meditate just before going to bed as well However, I wouldn't recommend doing this just before going to bed I like to meditate about an hour or so before I go to sleep But you can also meditate as sort of like a bridge between your working life and your relaxing life in the evening So to answer the question at the beginning very simply Okay, the best time to meditate after a stressful situation first thing in the morning and about an hour or so before you go to sleep That's when you're gonna get the most benefits, but I really want to just emphasize the alpha brainwave state Don't consume content. Don't look at your phone Don't do anything which could have ideas or concepts that you do not want in your subconscious mind when you're in the alpha brainwave state So in particular after you've meditated that sort of like the first half an hour after you finish meditating Do not check your social media. Don't watch videos on YouTube Don't do any of that stuff because there is always a risk that there will be something or some idea some concept Some belief that will be embedded there that will be stuck in your subconscious mind because you're in that alpha brainwave state The alpha state is basically like you're opening your subconscious mind and saying I'm gonna take in any information right now So it's great if you want to learn something if you're trying to learn if you're trying to learn a language If you're trying to focus on stuff Then you want the alpha brainwave state to be there because you want your subconscious mind to be engaged You want it to absorb things so it's great for language learning great for focusing and studying But terribly dangerous if you're consuming media or content with negative messages Programming things you don't want to have in your brain and in your subconscious mind negative beliefs and all of those dangerous things like that for most of you Just meditate in the morning for about 10 to 15 minutes with some binaural beats as well I'll put links to all of this in the description by the way And if you really want to go deeper with your meditation I would advise you to check out mind machines They're a really powerful way of you know how like I said before that that when you meditate You're taking your brain waves from beta which is like you're focused and you're thinking critically But you you're also stressed. You're also thinking about everything else you have to do It's a great brainwave state to be in for socializing and you know day-to-day activities But if you're trying to focus on something or meditate if you're trying to do those higher brain activities Those more important things you need to be an alpha and by the way if you want to meditate even deeper You need to be in theta or delta now to get to those brainwave states Typically you would have to meditate for about half an hour or more Usually it's more than an hour to get down into Delta. Okay, and that's for someone who's experienced in meditating If you want to shortcut that if you want to reach theta or delta without having to spend an hour There is a device called a mind machine Meditation machine or a light and sound machine basically It's like some goggles that you put on and some headphones that you put on and it's connected up to this device Which has a track list and these tracks are synchronized and produced to synchronize the effect of the in the goggles There are loads of flashing lights different colored flashing lights and then the headphones played by neural beats Bineural beats are a great way of creating what we call a frequency following response in your brain What this means is you hear this kind of sound these tones All right Slightly different frequencies one played in each year through stereo headphones and they create a frequency following response Which makes your brainwaves kind of follow along with that So if you listen to it for long enough, you'll reach that brainwave state Now a mind machine combines the binaural beats with a visual stimuli Gansfield frames or the flashing colored lights Basically synchronized perfectly to the binaural beats which makes your brainway is hard to explain really But it basically turns your brainwaves into the brainwaves that you want them to be a lot faster So without struggling of a way to explain that imagine that you're gonna be able to plug this thing up in for five minutes And get the same effect of an hour of meditation My machines are really powerful and like I said links to those are in the description. You should check them out They're pretty cool


Okay, hello everybody and welcome to my talk all your fitness data belongs to you reverse engineering the Huawei health Android app My name is Kristen Kudler and I'm a security analyst and researcher at SBA research Furthermore, I'm a PhD candidate at to mean and I'm mainly interested in IOT embedded and hardware security Okay, can we please turn on the microphone? Thanks Okay, before we start I want to give you a short overview about my talk We will start with my motivation Why I started to reverse engineer the who have a health Android app? Afterwards, I will give you a brief introduction into Bluetooth low energy then we will talk about static and dynamic program and analysis and In the ending we will talk about the who have a link protocol and I will give you a short conclusion So let's start with my motivation in December I decided that I want to buy a fitness variable and The reasons for that was that I was very interested in my pulse monitoring in the tracking of my activities and I hope that it motivates me to do more sports This worked not out this quite well because the first three weeks after receiving the watch I used every three minutes to reverse it so here you can see the watch and also in this picture and My reasons for the who they watch Were that I wanted a watch with a good battery life and this watch has an incredible battery life About 10 to 14 days It has a fraudable price and it has a reliable hardware according to some reviews you can find in the internet So here you can see a screenshot of a pulse recording of one day and This screenshot is from the who have a health app And the problem with this app is that it's not possible to export your fitness data and your heart ratings Or your heart monitoring At least this was the problem before I started the reverse engineering Because all the data are stored in an encrypted SQLite database But now I'm able to do this I can extract the data out of the encrypted database and I can use the data for any proposed I want for example here. I created a Simple Python met polite lip plot for the same day So what was my motivation for reverse engineer in the whole way lf app? First of all, I do not wanted to be dependent on the who away ecosystem. I Don't want to upload my personal data to the internet in any cloud The who are ecosystem has no possibility to export the data at least no export Possibility to local file storage. You can share your data with Google fit, but this was not an option for me And I think another big problem with all these ecosystems is the end of product life cycle for example for a soon-to-moves count application, there is this moves count web application and the life cycle will end in 2020 and When you have a old soon-to-device you cannot use it anymore then and of course reverse engineering is a lot of fun So what are my objectives of this talk? my objectives of this talk is to give you a Introduction into Android reverse engineering and to share my results with you about Communication protocol and how you can extract the app out of the data and During the reverse engineering my objectives were to understand the communication protocol between the smartphone and the watch and To extract the personal data out of this encrypted database So let's talk about Bluetooth low energy In this image you can see how the generic attributes work in general Bluetooth low energy has a stack with different layers but for this talk only the generic attributes are interesting and At the generic attribute layer The There's a client and the server that the client can get some information from the server and in our case the client is the smartphone and the server is the Huawei watch and The generic attributes define a hierarchical data structure that is exposed to connected Bluetooth low energy devices and The top level of the hierarchy is a profile which contains more or more services So we can see the services here in orange and each of this service contains characteristics and You can read these characteristics You can read the manuals from these characteristics. You can bite a new value into this characteristic So who way is using this career characteristic concept a little bit different? they Only use two characteristics one to write to the watch and send their own Commands and they use a second characteristic to extract the data So when I started with the reverse engineering I had no idea about the communication protocol The only thing I know was that is using Bluetooth But at Android you can sniff the Bluetooth communication This is an option in the developer options. You can see it here in the picture. You can enable it and then The smartphone will create a lock file stores it to the SD card You can download it from the SD card and open it with wire shark so here you can see a screenshot of my wire shark analyzes and In this picture, you can see the first white command from the smartphone to the watch and Of course, I had no idea what this white command Was and I was very interested to find some information about that so I decided to do some static program analysts and the first step is that you need the app before you want to analyze it and I started with the extraction and There are different methods how you can extract the app out of your smartphone or how you can receive the Android app And I think the easiest one is a web page called a PK mirror It's an a brief of downloadable Android apps And you can download the current versions, but also older versions. That's really nice because this is not possible with play store Of course only three apps are available since it became your has a no privacy policy But unfortunately not all three Android apps are available So sometimes you need to use some different method and Another method is the Android debug bridge. This is a command line tool that lets you communicate with your device And it's part of the Android SDK platform tools And it can be used to extract the app from non-rooted or rooted devices So you can hear in this slide you can see an example how I did this for the Android health app In the first step you have to find the AP key name of the Huawei health app then in a second step you have to find the path and Afterwards you can use the adp pull command to download the app to your local system So the third method I want to show you is an app called AP key extractor and you can install this app from play store and This apps extractor app and stores it on the SD card And it does not require root access But in my opinion it has new disadvantages You have some advertisement in the app and you have to trust the developer of the app that it does not modify the app during the extraction so after I Was able to extract the my the Huawei health app. I wanted to Decode it to get some information out of it So and in general APKs are zip files containing resources and assembled Java code and If you simply unzip the APK you would be left with binary files for example, the Android manifest XML is in format Android binary XML so they are not human readable and It doesn't really make sense to unzip APK But there's a cool a tool called APK tool which can decode apps You can see the example here in the black window for the health app and For me the Android manifest was very interesting. So let's talk about the Android manifest Every app must have an Android manifest in its root directory and this manifest provides essential information about the app to the Android system and The Android manifest is very interesting from a security point of view because it answer the question if debugging of the app is allowed and if you are allowed to create a backup of the app's data and unfortunately both Flags were disabled For the Huawei health app. So you are not allowed to create backups and you are not allowed to debug the app So I thought okay with MPK tool. I also can Repatch the app. I can change the Android manifest. I turn on the debugging. I turn on the backup function But it's not that easy Because there's a known issue for apps which uses and rescued and rescued is a obfuscation tool and When you use this obfuscation tool, you cannot rebuild the resources with APK tool but Repatching the Android manifest requires the decoding of the resources So for the Huawei health app, you can only modify the source code, but not the resources and not the Android manifest But I think it's very good to know how it works. So therefore I prepared one slide to show you so You can rebuild the app with APK tool and then before you can install it you have to re-sign it and On github there is a ready-to-go Tool or framework which can do that and you can re-sign it with Android test certificate and After the rebuilding and designing you can install the app with adb tool and even if the Repatching would be possible for for the Huawei health app Yeah, it's not that simple Because the Huawei health app checks its signature during startup and if the signature doesn't match with the store signature It exists with an error So there are two possible solutions One solution is to find the signature check and modify it, but this is very time-consuming and The other possibility is to modify the app during runtime. This is easy and we will come to that So in the beginning of my talk, I also told you that they are encrypted SQLite databases and I was very interested about this databases and I wanted to extract them So there are three different methods how you can extract the apps data and I want to show you to them. The first one is the run as method, but it requires the debugging permission So you have to check before if debugging is allowed in the Android manifest and If you are allowed to Execute the run as command you can simply copy the data to a SD card and afterwards You can download it to your file system Another method is the creation of a backup also with adb But it needs the permission That the backup creation is allowed and Then you create a backup or when you start this backup creation you will be asked on your smartphone if A backup really should be created. You can see it in the screenshot here and And after you have created this backup you can extract it with a tool called Android backup extractor And the third method is the in my opinion preferred method, but it requires a rooted device and there you can simply Copy as root the data to the SD card and afterwards you can download it Okay, so let's talk about the compilation the application and code analysis So how does code execution on Android works? An Android application package APK contains one or more Dalvik execute averse So you have a classes dot tags a class is two dot tags and so on and The Dalvik execute a real specification limits the total number of methods that can be referenced to about 65,000 methods and The Huawei health app has over one hundred seventy thousand Methods so might be text files are necessary So you see the who of a health app is a huge app. It has a lot of lines of codes so reverse engineering you Can spend a lot of time doing that and the Dalvik execute a book contains bytecode which is Executed by the Android runtime Okay, so how can we decompile a Java application? Android application There's a tool. I prefer it's called jdx and It's a command line and graphically user interface tool and you can use it to decompile text files and APKs So with the tool you can also use it for a static source code analysis in the graphical user interface But I prefer to use Android studio It has also a de-obfuscation functionality, but I prefer to do it manually because of false positives And sometimes jdx is not able to decompile Some methods then you have to try other decompilers and On the end of the side you can see an example how you can decompile app with jdx So after the decompilation you can import it into Android studio So let's take a small recap After my wire shock analysis. I know that it's using Bluetooth low energy. I Know that I'm not allowed to debug the app and I have extracted the app and have decompiled it so I Searched in the internet how does Bluetooth in combination with Android works and I found The documentation for the generic attributes in the Android SDK You can see it here in this screenshot and it says if you want to connect to a remote device You have to use the connect keff method And Android studio has a really great functionality. You can search in all files and When you do so So you open this functionality with the keys control shift and F and Then you enter your search string and then you do so You get the results But you also get a preview window for each result and you can click on the results and See a small code preview window. So I really like this feature and I found one Class which also contained this method the method on services discovered and in my opinion this method is very interesting because it has the you IDs in here which are used by the characteristics and the services in the gut layer and I found them already with fire shark and he also have some strings in This method for example this one here and this strings are very interesting because I think they come from some logging factory and You can use these strings for the obfuscation For example, you can get the class name and the method name out of these strings or Sometimes you even can get the variable name out of these strings. So Then you want to manually obfuscate your source code. You are analyzing You can click on a class name or a method name or a variable name and then you can open the refactor function or dialogue and When you enter the name and afterwards you click refactor and Would still be asked to you about all the local variables if they should be refactored and Again, you have here this preview window so it's very fast to do so and You can select them and then select all but if you refactor something in my opinion It's very important to make some comment where say okay, this was Ctp before I refactored it because sometimes entered studio is not able to find all variables and Afterwards, you're really happy when you know, okay, which was the old name of that Another useful functionality is defined usage functionality. You can click on a class name or a variable or a method and Then press the old shift and seven key and Android Studio will tell you okay Where is this function used what is class used and after quite some time reverse engineering I found a method and I was able with Strings I found in this method to rename the method to the class now Bluetooth handshake manager and to the method name device link parameter and On the beginning of my talk I said, okay, this is the first white command centered from the smartphone to the watch and Here in the code you have a byte array Which has the same values as part of this command So this looks very promising and we already know the name of this method So this command has something to do with the link parameter So I already mentioned it state decode and analysis Requires some effort and yes, if it is a lot of work and I'm a lazy person So I decided to try something else and That's where dynamic program analysis gets into the game and There's a great tool Called freedom and freedom is a dynamic instrumentation toolkit for developers reverse engineers and security researchers It's script able so you can inject your own scripts. You can do function hooking and you can trace application code It's portable and different Operating systems are supported It requires a router device in theory You can also use a non-router device But then you have to modify The application you want to analyze and this is not an option for us because of the code signatures check And it requires the installation and execution of the free the server on your smartphone So I used freedom a lot during my Reverse engineering process and I want to show you one use case. I Told you that the personal data are stored in an encrypted database in on the smartphone and In the data of the app there are different databases and I had no idea in which databases are the fitness data and the health data are stored, but I Realized that there's one database which is much larger than the other databases So I had the idea. Maybe this is the interesting one. So the interesting one is the H.I. Health underline zero zero free database and What's what you should also check is is the Android application you want to test was you want to analyze only starting itself or does it starts other services and the health app also starts two services a demon service and a phone service and they run with a different process and the can see that here and When you work with reader you have to specify to which process it should attach So this is very important because in the begin I started with The who I have process and was wondering why this database never gets opened, but then I realized The database is opened in the demon service So I think it took me two or three days Searching for the problem why it's not working and the only problem was that I was tracing the wrong Process ID. Okay. So how does freedom works? in general freedom is a command line tool and And When you use it as command line tool you have to tip a lot and When you tip the wrong character everything is broken But luckily there's also a Python wrapper you can use and you can see it here I don't want to go into detail, but it's simply attaching to a process I can specify and then it loads A script You can see this here. It's loads a JavaScript code where I scripts or where you can script freedom and here you can see the freedom script I used to Get the date get the data out of the database so to decrypt it and I Think it's very interesting to see the capabilities of readers. So I want to explain the code to you in a nutshell That's the Java Java choose function Which you can use to say, okay for this class for the SQLite database Please search for all objects of this class on the heap find me all instances and call And call This call back if you find one and if you're finished call the on complete function so Each time A database was founded on the heap. I checked if it's the HR health database and if it was I I Created a non encrypted copy of the HR health database and this is really simple You only have to check the documentation how you can do that and since we got the instance of the database We got the open database object. So we can call For the instance the methods Which are available in your Android application? So you see it's Very easy to do so It's not much work But I was able to receive the whole database unencrypted with all my personal fitness data Hell yeah, so And now then the last couple of minutes I want to talk about the who will link protocol Parts of my research are already passed published in an issue on github And you can find it in the gadget bridge project the gadget bridge project is a project where Researches tries to leave the ecosystem for their fitness And I'm not the only one who is doing a research on the who away link protocol But perhaps the only one who is doing it for the who I watch gd So the other ones are doing it for the who away band 3 pro and for the honor band 4 and honor as a sub brand of who away And we compared our results and it seems that all the different who ever ever use the same protocol So what is the message structure of the who a link protocol? You remember our questions. What is this white command doing? well a Message can be transferred in a single package or in a multi package a single package can be sliced or not sliced and a multi package well, I found that they are multi package that Multi packages exists. I found it during the static code analysis But I never saw it in action. So I have not further investigated it so Let's look into the single package not sliced You have a constant here sorry You have a constant here and Each message has this constant then you have two bytes of the length field You have another constant You have the content we will come to this in a minute and we have a csc value two bytes of csc value Over the complete message So the structure of the content We have one byte service ID. We have a one byte command ID and We have tlfs So, please don't ask me why it's called tlfs We found it in the strings of the Android health app that the who ever a health developers Called it like that, but I have no idea why it's called like that if you know So please tell me after this talk And you can see that the protocol uses Services and commands to address the commands So here you can see the structure of the tlfs So as I said a command can have one multiple multiple tlfs and each tlfs has a tag a length and a data and The length specifies how long the data is and the length is a variable integer So if the most significant bit is set it uses one byte more for the length Otherwise, it's using one byte So I want to show you how the request link parameter or the request link command works We already saw that in the during the static code analysis that it has to do something with the requesting the link parameters and I already showed you the beginning of a message So in orange we have constants in blue. We have the message length In green we have the service ID in brown. We have the command ID and then we have the data Here or the tlfs and afterwards we have the csc or what the complete message And here you can see the tags. It's quite simple. It says the first one here with a length of null the second tag with a length of null and so on and To find out what exactly these tags are about you have to analyze the source code and here you can see the response from the Fitness variable So the beginning is the same and then it says for take one. It has a length of one and the data is two. So the Protocol version is two For two we have a length of two So the max frame size is this value and so on and so on and so on and it sends you some It sends you an authentication version and it sends you some random and The next step would be that the watch uses this link parameter to create some Authentification between the smartphone and the watch, but that's a topic for another talk So let's come to a conclusion In my opinion the reverse engineering Android application isn't that hard, but it requires some effort And if you're interested in a communication protocol Normally, it's easier to reverse engineer the corresponding app instead of the embedded device If you want to protect your Android application, you should remove logging strings in your release version because that makes reverse engineering much harder and Yeah, it's possible to use the Huawei worlds without the related Huawei ecosystem and the side note This is not possible for Fitbit At least without a firmware modification. There was a very interesting talk last year at Easter egg If you're interested, I wrote you down the link to that So in the end of my talk, I want to Frank my employer and also my colleagues who are sitting here somewhere because they helped me a lot in preparing the talk and My employer allowed me to do some reversing during my work time and Since my colleagues helped me a lot I want to help them and two of my colleagues Moment at the moment doing some research about the question why do people think that their hardware devices are genuine and trustworthy and they have some online survey and If you complete this online survey, you can take part in a river and you can win some Amazon vouchers The value of 50 euros or you can win some Austrian chocolate The survey only takes 15 to 20 minutes and if you Take the survey, please enter my email address. So I might also get some chocolate. Yeah So I saw one person scan this the QR code. Thank you Yeah, and at SB a research we are always looking for a bachelor and master students who wants to do their Teases with us. We also teaching some lectures at TV. So it's not a big deal to do this at SBA and We also offer some professional services to customers. So we are also always looking for Motivated people who want to work as security consultants At our office if you're interested in doing your thesis or if you are interested in a job offer, please write me an email Yeah, that's all thank you and it would be happy to answer your questions. Hi One question and one answer the question would be how long did the whole process you showed here to take you in real time? I Can't tell you really but I think 300 400 500 hours. So I received the watch Short before Christmas and they use the complete Christmas holidays But I've worked 60 and 70 hours each day on it. So it was really nearly a really nerdy time and I used some time during work, so Yeah, let's say 300 fun it hours and the TLV with which you asked for that just stands for tag length value That's the standard way data is encoded in ASN one according to the distinguished encoding rules Okay, so it's just value and not data as you had it on the other great straight to know. Thank you for the info I hope my question is not off topic, but The what I mean you showed in the end that you didn't interact with the protocol of the interaction But that you hacked kind of the database and my question is therefore What is the raw data of the measurement device in your case the watch? Is it an ECG signal? Is it an infrared signal because the pulse is always an interpretation of like different spikes in those signals? And the other question is what was then the data that you obtained from the database Which is already an interpretation and that's why the data that you showed in the beginning in the mudplot Look different from the data that the app Had showed in terms of little spikes where I wasn't sure like could you also get the raw data from the device? so I'm not sure that I got the first question, but the second question in the database you have Pulse values so 80 90 something like this and you have a timestamp when it was recorded So that's the data for the heart rate in the database You get the same values when you extract it over Bluetooth So I got the same values over Bluetooth If this is the question you can also ask it in German. Maybe this is easier When that is transferred then you can already in the transfer so you can already find an interpretation of this data on the level of the clock Yes, absolutely, but the data was both in the data bank as well as during the transfer of the same data So that was already the pulse data with a timestamp. So if there is an interpretation then they already happen on the clock In the microcontroller on the clock. That was the question, right? Okay So you mentioned that Android apps forbid you To be back up and to be debugged. I think yes on rooted devices Do that does it still apply and if the so is there some way around that now the problem is Normally on a rooted device. It's not a problem to change the debugable flag and To install it back, but I was not able to do so because of this Frascation tool which Where bug is an APK tool that you bring it back because you can only debug an application If this debug able flag is set to true but it's something that the apps manifest asks the Runtime the Android runtime to please not to write The Android runtime could in principle just not care about that flag Of course, if you if you overwrite it with read or something like this You can do it with a rooted device then it's not a big deal But in the simply Android workflow as far as I know, but I'm not an expert It's not that easy. So you have to overwrite it with read or some other instrument to I think so All right. Thanks Okay, I think then thank you much. Thank you very much for coming


Hi everyone, I'm here in Kigali Rwanda for the World Telecommunication Development Conference and I'm joined by Ellen Taylor who is a part of the Canadian delegation and a youth representative. Thanks so much for joining us, Ellen. Well, thanks so much for having me, Roshni. So the Generation Connect Youth Summit brought the voices of thousands of young people into the global conversation around shaping the digital future. How do you see that it was important to ensure that this was a truly global consultation? It's a great question and for me it's absolutely imperative and I think that's echoing the voices of a lot of young people that I talk to. There are many issues that affect us all as young people. For instance, COVID-19 disrupted over 90% of young people's education around the world so I was able to engage in a lot of great conversations with my peers about that and about how we see digital technology and ICTs really shaping our collective future and obviously it's our collective present and future so we want to make sure we're hearing from every corner of the globe, every young person because it affects us all and we all want to be part of the conversation. And Generation Connect Consultations have been going on over virtual platforms for months so what do you see were the few core issues that stood out as of most concern? I think it's important to note that it's actually been a two-year long consultation process with young people, a very iterative process as well, mostly online, absolutely given the pandemic and the global nature of Generation Connect, but through those, the outcome documents that young people worked so hard on and just many conversations and meetings it's clear that there are a few key issues that we really want to see addressed and some of them are around the environment and climate change and e-waste we're particularly concerned at the rate of e-waste that is continually increasing as well we want our voices heard more, we're continuously fighting well it feels like fighting anyway to have our voices heard in decision-making spaces so that that part of digital inclusion is really imperative to us and those are a couple points that I saw come up quite a bit. Great and so my last question to you would be what do you hope to see change as a result of your work? I think for me I'd love to see more young people here at WTDC at conferences such as this, at global conferences such as this I've been very fortunate to continue from the Generation Connect Youth Summit to WTDC and I really hope that that more young people will have opportunities such as the very fortunate one that I have had I also hope that this change is reflected in some of the resolution discussions that I'm very fortunate to have right now so that we can continue to have meaningful youth engagement and really amplify young voices going forward. Thanks so much for joining us today Ellen. And thank you so much for having me.


John Carlo this offense managed 17 runs on 29 hits over the last two games to what do you attribute that type of offensive surge? Just having good at bats and You know passing it to the next guy if they don't pitch to us. So I think everyone's grinding it out and You know being ready for what they need to do. What encourages you most when it comes to the offense over the last few games Well, we know that's what we can do a day in and day out. So it's a matter of putting it together You know non spurts, but you know grinding out getting these close wins and and Some nice games like this, but you know it ended up we needed all the runs we got tonight So, yeah, we just keep punching a couple of hits for you yesterday a double in your first step at followed by two home runs tonight What adjustments did you make at the plate coming into this series to have that type of success? Staying in my legs a little bit more. I feel like I was releasing Before I completed my swing a little bit. So, yeah, I just stand in there and Rotating and staying through the ball. How much of that all was just a process coming off the aisle getting more comfortable at the plate? Definitely, I mean that's part of balance. That's part of the repetitions and you know getting in there and being able to square up High-velocity fastballs and off-speed. So it's that balance There was a lot of chatter concert and Garrett Cole coming into tonight's matchup. What do you think about the way he responded John Carlo? He fits great. He went in it's in Severe strike zone and and made it tough for these guys. So he did a great job. John Carlo. Thanks for the time


Thanks for staying with us. Carrier transitions are like onions, they are complex and there is usually a lot more to them than we see on the surface. Whether you are pursuing a passion or a side hustle, confused about quitting your job for a new one or just looking for a change, know that it's not a straightforward decision. It requires careful planning and thinking through the way, the why, the what and the when. So what are the things you should take note of when you are planning to transition in your career? Please let's hear what you have to say. Remember you can join the conversation, send us an SMS or WhatsApp to 0818 0384663, tweet us at WayshowAfrica1 with the hashtag Wayshow. So this is a playback to last week. What was the one thing that you took away from our conversation last week? Yeah so not to be afraid to make that change when necessary, although that has always been my mantra. I'm not afraid to do anything. I don't know where I get that guts from but if I set my mind to it and I say I want to do it, I definitely get it. I think that she talked about people who, so the involuntary part of transitioning, saying you lose your job, it takes on average nine to sixteen months to be able to find a new job and of course the focus last week was on the financial aspect of it and what you need to do and how much you need to put away to be able to do this but I'm interested because today we're looking at all the other aspects of transitioning, like we said the why, the what and the when and to try and learn as much as we can because you know for me when it comes to transition I'm just thinking we have, what's it called now, technology. A lot of jobs today in another five, ten years they won't exist. Technology would have taken over those jobs. We've seen even as we you know we currently are, even from the time of COVID, there are some things that just occupations that don't exist anymore because they're now obsolete, they're redundant. So even if you're not thinking about career transitioning, the topic today is so important because this is information that you can store in the back of your mind somewhere and if you happen to find yourself in that situation whether it's an involuntary or voluntary, you start to think about what the options are even trying to identify new careers.  I spoke to my old boss today and he said oh he retires in September and my initial sort of you know oh excitement congratulations and then I realized that the twinge of his voice he sounded a little like maybe it's not such a great thing. So topics like this just help our viewers to understand that look in every situation like you said don't be afraid to take the chances and we'll see but I'm looking forward to bringing our guests back. She's a friend of the house. Vamele is the chief executive officer of Heserd Consulting which is a coaching and consulting firm specializing in commerce acceleration, career coaching, women empowerment, facilitation and training on the African continent with presence in Nigeria, South Africa, Botswana, Kenya, the United States of America, Rwanda and affiliates in Namibia, Ghana and Uganda. She has coached in multinationals such as Google, Apsa, Investec, Private Bank, Silica, FNB, Vodacom and Anglo-American. She joins us today via Zoom. Hello Vamele. Good evening. Good evening ladies, how are you? Thank you for joining us. We're doing great. Lovely to have you again one week later. Still looking radiant. Good to be back. Awesome, awesome. So you probably heard our banter as we were coming in. And like we said, you kind of gave us some insights last week around what to think about financially when you want to consider a career transition. But we want to sort of look at our options now really on the broader aspect. You know, if you're thinking about the financial aspect, you probably started to think about career transitioning. But we sort of want to wind it back a little bit and say, you know what, what are the top three things or the three categories that we're talking about today? Which is why do you want the change? What do you want to do? And when do you want to make the change? So I'm going to start off with the why and have you talk about or build on some of the things we talked on last week about the why. Why should you be considering a career transition? So there are a number of reasons why people have to consider the why I suppose. And it's underpins everything that we do. Sometimes the why is for a sense of purpose. Sometimes the why is aligned to a career strategy. Sometimes the why goes back to what we spoke about last week, it being voluntary and involuntary. Reasons for you having to transition. So you understanding your why also makes it very clear where you have to transition to. So your why is absolutely critical because your why will also determine the where and the when. When we when we talk about why, I know we talked about like you said the involuntary, the voluntary, just to expand on that because I think we talked about having a toxic culture. What other kinds of things really could be triggers for people when they're thinking about the why? Often when people are thinking about the why, it's one of two drivers. It's short-term or long-term. So short-term is that I cannot handle my boss. I'm very, very frustrated. I'm not stimulated at work. It's just increased season and I don't feel valued at work. So it's very short-term. Something's happened and triggered you to now consider wanting to leave this particular organization. So that's short-term. Then also the why can also go into the long-term. Where we're looking at in essence, I chose to be in this organization for a third period. I may have overstayed my welcome. I told myself I'd be here for three years. I'm now in year five and I'm ready for that next challenge. Or it could be a case of according to my career strategy, the why is now. Now is the next move because of my career strategy. Also from a long-term perspective, it could be from a family perspective. I've been talking to lots of clients wanting to emigrate. Saying they're no longer wanting to be on the continent. They're looking at going to the UK. They're looking at going to the US. You know the jeopardy phenomenon that's happening in Nigeria. It's actually happening quite a lot across the continent. So looking at that short-term and that long-term helps you determine how you maneuver as well. Because if it's that I've just had an awful fight with my boss, it's a very short-term and it's a very active approach. Whilst I'm looking at not just from a short-term perspective, but a long-term perspective is a more strategic way to really approach your why. Okay, thank you very much. So I know that some people get bored, right? So it's not that they're not passionate about what it is that they're doing. So they're in a particular industry, but then after a while they just find out that their body, whatever it is they're doing at that time and then they start to consider transitioning careers or switching careers and maybe not necessarily moving to another organization that is doing the same thing. Now I'm talking about moving to another organization that is doing something entirely different from what they're used to because they're looking for a challenge. They're looking to do something that is more interesting now. So what do you think people should consider if they start to feel that way? I think when you have boredom in your workplace you have a gift because what that means is you're at a place where you're peaking or some people feel like they're plateauing in the value they're able to give. But what that does mean is that you'd now have capacity to do something else with your time. I always say before you sign their resignation later, is there a master's degree you want to do? Is there a doctor's that you want to do? If work is not giving you that stimulation, can you get that stimulation elsewhere? Is there a trading cause that you've been putting off?  All of that are things you now have the capacity to do. So boredom allows you to focus on both education as well as continued professional development because you don't have the pressure of having to perform at a certain level of work because you're no longer seeking that stimulation solely from work. So before going outside of your industry or outside of your organization think, is this an opportunity for me to actually pivot and take my work to that next level leveraging learning and development? Excellent. So before we pivot into the what in terms of what do you want to do, I want to ask, so I was reading the story about Jeff Bezos of Amazon and how he made the transition. So he had a really good job working for a successful hedge fund and he went to his boss one day and said, I want to start selling books on the internet. I want to start selling books online. He thought the internet was a great opportunity and his boss took him out for two hours to have a conversation and say, you know, what do you think? Tell me about this. But his boss was supportive. So what would you say? Because when we start to talk about what you want to do when people are thinking about this, some people will think, or what will people think? So what are your thoughts around how people should handle the situation if they don't get the support that they're expecting from important people around them to make the change? I think when you don't get that support, it becomes important that you in essence create a new support structure. So people support you from the realm of reality. I recall, you know, leaving a senior executive role in the telecommunications firm and going home and speaking to my mom and dad and saying, I'm going to be a coach and they were very confused. They're like, you don't even play soccer. What are you talking about? But they were speaking from their frame of reference. So I had to then say, where can I get that support? And I spoke to people who built coaching firms, who built consulting firms, and they became my support structure during the transition. So if you don't get the support in the issue of the bad from the people you typically rely on, you need to get comfortable knowing that there is no gap, that you can fill that gap that supports structure with new people who have the expertise, who can support you in their transition. Specifically for their transition as a strategic one. Okay. A new support structure definitely is a key one to take from there. Now, you knew what you wanted to do. You wanted to be a coach. What about the people who have no clue what they want to do? Where did they start? So if you have no clue where you want to do what you're wanting to do, the first step is finding out where are you? What do you enjoy about your current employment? What do you not enjoy about your current employment? There are lots of techniques that we use in helping and supporting people delve into what works for them. What are they passionate about? What are they good at? What do people compliment them on? What do they actually want to spend their time doing?  I love it this now because as a kid I used to put all my dolls together and want to teach them. So coaching is a different form of teaching but that's exactly what I do. That inspiration that I enjoy as a child carries through. So sometimes stripping away the layers of what society has dictated to us to go back to what's in our essence core in our desires is a good indicator. It starts pointing us in the right direction of the place we should be investigating if we are to sort of transition our careers that should be passion-based. Thank you. So I was going to ask how can you tell if what you actually want to do is change careers or just get a new job? You know there are two different things right so some people want to switch careers totally and some people want to move to a new job doing the same thing they were doing in whatever organization it is doing for them. How can you tell what exactly it is you want to do? That's a great point because when we look at career transitions there are a number of different types of transitions. The first is from organization, no the first is from department to department where you stay within the same organization, you love the culture, you love the people, you're probably in finance and you now want to move to sales for example. So that's a career transition within itself but within the same organization. Then you have I love what I do but I'm unhappy in this organization and I want expertise from another organization. So let's say you are a marketeer, you work at one order firm and now you're going to work at another order firm that is an inter-organizational inter-industry transfer. So same same job different organizations. Then we've got different industries where you might find yourself in the fast moving consumer goods industry and you're wanting to go into the financial services industry. So you might still be an accountant but now in a completely different industry. Then you've got the ultimate career transition where you're saying different organization, different industry and completely different style of job where you're transitioning like I did from the financial services sector into telecommunications from telecommunications into the into the human capital consulting sector where I'm doing something completely and utterly different. The reason for those transitions are very very different. So you need to go back to say okay I love what I love the organization but I'm frustrated in the role that I do. So I'm happy to stay here leverage what I know and then do that inter-organizational transfer. Or it's a case of I've learned as much as I can in this particular organization. This culture is no longer serving me. I'm feeling a little bit stuck and I feel I can be grown and stretched still mastering this particular discipline in another organization. Then you say I'm staying in the industry but I'm going to take my expertise to another organization. Then of course we've got now where we're saying actually even the industry for me is not what I'm looking for and this happens a lot as different industries look for different expertise. We're seeing trends right now what we're in the financial services sector. There's been a massive drive for people in the arts and people in engineering for the school of thoughts where typically it used to be commerce that was required. So that's a little bit of a different thing where you're now being recruited into a different industry and then of course the ultimate is to say I've got the expertise I've worked in this particular organization in this particular industry for several years and I just want to complete an utter disruption and that for me is usually the the career transition that most people really battle with. Excellent. So I want to talk about thinking about myself as a hiring manager and having someone who wants to transition careers sit in front of me. Now I remember you talking about you even mentioned it today getting a master's getting certifications but I find that the further you get away from having been in academia like in university right and the more you work your your work experience becomes a lot more important and a lot more relevant. Now if I'm making what you've called the ultimate change so I'm changing you know industry I'm changing you know all of that how do I convince hiring managers sitting across the table from me to pick me over someone else who has experience in the industry when I'm trying to transition. The best thing to do is to really sell your ability to solve the problem they're solving for.  Your ability to understand and comprehend that problem is the first key. The second is then saying why your current experience is the best answer and often a lot of us actually don't even start applying because we're like I don't have experience in that and experience isn't always the best solution so what do I mean. I mentioned moving from financial services sake tipping and you know head of executive and operations to running strategy and utility communications company and the first thing I was able to say in essence was you are starting to get regulated that's never happened you've never been as regulated as you as you've been in the past year in your industry. I come from an industry that's been regulated for hundreds of years I understand how to respond to regulation so yes you can pick someone from telecommunications who knows the lay of the land but is also responding and not really knowing what to do in solving this problem. This is a problem I've solved over and over again in my industry. Let me give my expertise to help you solve it so your ability to position yourself as the best choice in the long term makes sense. So I think for me our understanding of the expertise we bring to the table and our ability to answer the why for the hiring manager the why for the HR executive will often supersede not having had experience of that sector if you can prove your ability in your track record to solve that particular problem. Quite profound I was just going to ask that same question because so let me use myself as an example so right now I do business development for real estate right and just two days ago someone sent me a message oh hi Chinayla so my friend's looking to hire a business development manager for a fintech and I stepped back for a you know I saw all of the he sends me all the details the offer and I'm like interesting but guess what I've never worked in fintech so I don't even know what the finance space is I've never had any experience with finance at all and I was like I'm not sure if I can if I should apply for this because I don't have any experience with fintech and then from the requirement it says at least three years experience in the finance or fintech space. Now Vumile how do I go and this is first-hand question now how do I go about this what what would you advise what do you think I should do? So I love that question because also when we see a jobspeak we must realize that a jobspeak is a company's dream guy we all know right in our dream world we want someone who looks like Idris Alba has Damgote's money but is like so sweet and caring like it could be your brother this is your dream guy and then you're going to go and just date a simple chuku like he's just like he's just a guy we settle and the same is true for organizations that jobspeak is their dream candidate but hiring managers are very much aware that what they are seeking will they will not get a hundred percent of so what you do is then you break down the jobspeak of this jobspeak what do you mean what do you mean and what's always an interesting statistic is how men and women view it a little bit differently typically a man will see 40 to 65 percent and say I'm good enough to apply a woman will only apply typically if she meets a minimum of 80 percent of the criteria so the first is being kind to yourself and knowing I am not going to be the Idris Damgote person I can probably get 40 to 60 percent of this right but what is the core functionality can I answer the core functionality am I a great salesperson yes I am do I have any engagement with finance yes I do I've worked with the bank before I've been a customer so I understand the experience am I engaging and interested in tech yes I am I'm always on my phone and I actually read a few tech magazines that I know what some of the trends that are coming so I've got a bit of an understanding then of course the research component is then deep diving into understanding the organization understanding the space and then understanding where are the shortcomings and a lot of us underestimate the ability to ask simple questions that will shift how an organization behaves so I remember coming into telco I used to ask why do we do that and all of a sudden people like actually we've always just done that historically and that can we change it and things changed like that so you cannot underestimate the value you bring to the table and also another thing remember you used to be a teacher right so you understand how young people are working that's the target audience you had years engaging the target audience bring that as an advantage as opposed to actually I've never I didn't work in commerce in that time as opposed to I was engaging your target audience I know how they think I get they psyche so from a customer user experience this is some of the things I potentially could add thank you very much women that's such a nice fresh perspective so when we started the conversation today and with our quote we were talking about dreaming big and I love the example that you just used about Idris Elba slash dangote so a lot of people in that scenario can spend their whole lives waiting for the Idris Elba slash dangote so what is there a way or should I not say is there a way what should people be assessing and thinking about is there any transition that is too big is me sitting here thinking I'm going to be the next Beyonce is it realistic should I be thinking that big from a career so is there some way to sort of assess wow is this realistic or is this something that I might do long term short I mean should there be any limitations when you're thinking career transition I think there should be no limitations but they should be a very healthy dose of realism so if you're wanting to transition to a particular industry you have to see the trends within that industry right so I was watching actually an interview with Ashake who I love right and if we had had that conversation 20 30 years ago about him being in Good Morning America speaking about Afro beats it would have seemed 30 years ago not quite feasible but the trends in the industry in the past five years indicated that his ability to be more successful were higher so analyze your industry analyze it from a 10 year trajectory to a five year to a three year to one year what are the trends if you know that to be the CEO of a top 400 company you're going to need a master's degree you might want to start with the master's degree before saying you want to be the CEO so looking at the trends and the requirements becomes important me saying I want to be a brain surgeon there has been no brain surgeon who has not completed the undergraduate degree in medicine so me saying as an accountant background I'm going to all of a sudden do surgery that trend does not exist so you need to study the industry you're wanting to enter into there are some anomalies but the chances of you being the anomaly is often very much vested on your talent very much vested on your networks so if you don't necessarily have that then the likelihood of you being anomaly is just simply not realistic interesting so dream big but be realistic and get some information okay so I think we can start to talk about the when so we sort of picked apart the why and the what now when will the change happen I had a very interesting conversation with a colleague many years ago where he said he had what he called a no matter what date so on that date he was going to quit his goal was to become a CEO and on this part of his journey was getting the experience he was getting at our current job and then that no matter what date no matter what happened on that date he would quit because this part of the cycle was done so what are the things that really start to bring us to that point of knowing the when beyond just being financially ready so I think self-assessment becomes critical the the skills gap the knowledge gap the experience gap the network gap all of that determines the when so from where you are to it is that you're wanting to be and the requirements to get there that will determine your when and that will be based on your research I spoke about looking at your industry I didn't also speak about looking at yourself and assessing yourself to then determine that so if you know okay you want you to be CEO I know I knew at 30 that I was going to want to run my own business but there were things that needed to exist I needed to collect the networks I needed to become known in particular industries I needed to travel a lot of the continent because I wanted to run a pan-african business I needed to study in the UK needed to have experience in the Americas so all of that could not happen in the three-year period giving myself a decade to do it and I love the saying that says we often overestimate how much we can do in a year but very much underestimate how much we can do in a decade so I tend to plan my lives in decades because I can fill them in so looking and saying okay that decade is how long I'm giving myself to get the networks get the finances make sure that all the all the academic requirements are made make sure that all the skill requirements are made all of that will determine when because you can be you can have you can have the why you can have the you know what it is that you wanted to do but if you are not giving yourself enough time it simply is not going to happen and of course a dream that's just you know just to wish it becomes just to wish if you don't have enough time in order to realize it I think we've packed so much into the conversation so far so we're going to take a quick break and we'll be right back to continue the conversation stay with us if you're just tuned in you've missed quite a bit as we're discussing the topic planning career transitions with Vamile Imsweli please hear let's hear what you have to say remember you can join the conversation send us an sms or whatsapp to 0818 038 4663 tweet at us at waishio africa one with the hashtag waishio so do you have a question okay so um we're talking about when right so um why when okay so my question is you know I've asked about how okay I know that's now I want to move I'm probably doing something um let me use an example of being in the finance sector now this thing this thing about my own finance sector recently I don't know what it is but you have any plans and then I know okay you know what I think I want to do entertainment and oh I want to do media and I don't have um any experience so to speak in the media or the entertainment industry but I know that that's something I enjoy I will enjoy doing because I have never tried it but then it's something that I think I'll enjoy doing I sometimes imagine myself in the bathroom and then I have all these really cute dreams and you know big dreams like we said I know that that's that's a a a nudge for me to know okay you know what you maybe the next thing you should start doing is find places that you can put in that energy you know on the side even if you're still doing your regular nine to five or whatever else it is that I'm doing on the side but at the same time in some of these industries people would then say like Utsi rightly said earlier experience they would ask you okay so what have you done before where have you been what give us some people who haven't got as far as asking for a portfolio you know and things like that when you are faced with such situations I mean what do you do how do you navigate such such situations a lot of them you get the experience right so no one and I this was a I love that example because it's very practical to me I thought I would be so good on radio and that'd be great I could do this it was like oh we love your voice you should do radio but when I approach some of the big radio stations they weren't interested they're like where's your demo let's hear what else have you what have you done so what I did is in essence I went to a university radio station and I volunteered to read the news and I did that for several months and then I said can I actually now have a bit of my own business show and I took that over for a couple of months so by the time some of the biggest radio stations in Botswana in Nigeria and South Africa that I now am on I had a portfolio of evidence because I simply also didn't know the technicalities of radio I didn't know which buttons to press I didn't know how to work with a producer I didn't have any of that and even when approaching some of those big radio stations to begin with I did it completely voluntarily I was like I started producing myself a pitching to a producer she likes some of it and worked with me for a year so by the time I'm saying you need to stop paying me for these services it made sense there's certain things that unfortunately the technical experience you simply cannot do it goes back to the medicine example you can study the theory of medicine so many people have done an undergraduate degree in medicine and a great doctors in theory but still you're not going to allow yourself to go into surgery with someone who's simply never cut before they've got to practice with a cadaver then they've got to be overseen and supervised by a special resident doctor and there's been years doing that and only then are they unleashed in the world to go and have patients on their own so when technique technical competency is required unfortunately you do have to earn your stripes you do have to get comfortable knowing you've either got to volunteer or you've got to build that credibility over time there's some transitions where you can bring previous experience and that can pivot and add value to the next job but there's some where the technical competence is so steep and so so required that you simply could not do the job with your eyes closed without having had that experience so if I hear you correctly Vumele you're saying up your skills right and don't be afraid of volunteering to do so if you have a clear understanding word is that you're wanting to be you need to get comfortable volunteering you know people often see see the success stories not realizing that that success story the foundation was often in not getting paid was often an apprenticeship was often in earning your stripes in order to gain that credibility yeah I love the fact that you shared your radio story it's very similar to mine so people ask me these days oh how is it that you're so you know you just it seems so effortless I'm like I started doing hospital radio when I was 16 I did university radio I went from actually doing university radio to realizing I wanted to DJ I DJed and like I've been all over the shop I think TV was the last bit for me to close that that gap so my open dream I've I've subconsciously been doing the work I'm telling you it's a lot of work that goes into it but I want to touch on something I think that everything we've talked about so far Vumele has been very positive the fact that you know the why you figure out the what you get your funds in place and you know then you go and do it the when happens and it all goes swimmingly but I want us to add a pinch of a pinch of pessimism and realism realism to it not everyone is going to be successful in their career transition if you find yourself in a place where things aren't going as planned what should you do I think having a very honest conversation with yourself sometimes a lot of us overstay our welcome in a career transition because we are holding on to the hope of what could be as as opposed to the reality of what is right so it's similar to it's very similar to entrepreneurship we all know that a minimum minimum of 60 percent of businesses are going to fail yet somehow when we are the ones failing we're refusing to see that this is not this is not working in particular so I think having an honest conversation helps your research is also going to be a great indicator right so you're going to start seeing that the trend state that by year one year two year three this is where you should be in your career this is where you should be in your business and if it's not happening you have to ask yourself is this anomaly because the industry is new or is this anomaly because I'm doing something wrong and understanding that becomes very very important and there's a difference between the data versus how we feel because often I say like I was having this conversation I think a couple of nights ago when I was saying at the dinner table I believe in the rule of three things often take three times longer than what we think they often cost three times more than what we think and when you when you've given it that time period and it's still not working then you must grace graciously accept defeat take the owl learn the lesson and keep it moving because I'm also a big believer in that nothing is ever wasted and I don't know one successful person who says everything I've ever touched was gold they learn more from their failures than their successes and I think that fear of failing sometimes keeps keeps us going as opposed to us accepting the lesson and I think for me we must remember that failure is nothing more than feedback interesting I think that I was going to ask the question on fear but then you've just sort of talked about it because I think fear is the number one reason that a lot of people won't even think about or consider a career transition in this part of the world like you said if it takes nine to 16 months to find a new job then why do I want to give up the one that I have now to then go and do something where I don't have any assurances I don't have any guarantees around what will happen so when we talked about the what we talked about people not knowing what they want to do but then we didn't talk about the sort of side of people who maybe have a side hustle or have a passion how did they sort of make that work to eventually transition so I love it because we call it the gay economy or the shared economy and it's where the world is going we anticipate that by the year 2030 one billion people are going to be part of that economy one billion people can be freelancers and not just employed full time we're already seeing the trends of uber of airbnb where where assets aren't owned but are utilized for a portion so that side economy that that side that side gig the gig economy the shared economy there's definitely a space for it and of course we also know that for you to become very wealthy you need several revenue streams so yes definitely have one but when to know to transition to say actually i've been working at this particular employer my side hustle has actually started generating so much revenue that i potentially should be focusing on it i think for me is a time and energy question do you have time to grow it and if you were to spend your time where would you spend it with your employer or with your side gig the second is the energy piece the energy expended is not just when it's fun and it's your side hustle that you get to escape to it's now having to deal with the reality that is going to be difficult it's going to be challenging it's going to come with things you don't in particular like coaching was my side gig i did it after hours it was so much fun and then i built a business around it and all of a sudden i have to deal with tax i have to deal with admin i've got to deal with managing people um it was not just a fun coaching piece so realizing that your side gig when you decide to get over that fear then becomes a full-time job is also the reality we have to face and then the question of fear and fear for me is not so much fear as it is regret we are afraid of the unknown and that's often because we fear the unknown more than we fear regret and for me i fear regret i fear waking up in front of god and saying oh my goodness i could have done that oh i wish i tried that i'm afraid of that more than i am afraid of the unknown so having to balance that for me becomes important is would you rather have tried or would you rather have never even attempted and also we have to have an honest conversation about the seasons in our life sometimes the seasons in our life don't allow that you know there's a season where for example you have young children the consequences of your actions the ramifications are not just you so it makes the fear more dripple because the ramifications and the stakes are substantially higher so you also then have to decide based on the stakes what would make sense i know when i jumped over and i did my own business i was single i was alone i had properties so the risk so if all else fails i just go back to corporate the risk was substantially lower if you wake me up now and you say vumi would you do the same thing right now because of the season of where i am in my career i would choose stability and something secure over the risk i took of becoming an entrepreneur yeah so the timing is really really critical if i hear you correctly so the same person different timing and different season in life would make different decisions so that's quite powerful time really does fly when you're having fun so we're just about coming towards the end of the show and i'd like to take the rest of the show to sort of have you almost we've talked about a lot in the last two weeks give us a paint by numbers here's a step one you know here's 10 steps you should take when you're looking to transition your career and then tell us i mean you're a coach i'm sure that you've worked with several several clients who are on this journey of career transitioning share with us maybe some of the most interesting things that people have realized along the journey that maybe they didn't think of or didn't expect at the time okay so for me the i guess i'll call them the six steps to consider first self-assessment baseline evaluate your current skills where are you um and what are these skills can i transfer what are these skills and experience do i need to acquire but to get to where it is that i'm wanting to be so that's the first bit but and that is underpinned by the second step which is research research research research look at the trends look at the numbers look at what's required it's going to be important then the practicality of training and education how do i start acquiring the skills how do i acquire the academic qualifications how do i acquire the people i'm going to need which takes me to the fourth step around networking who do i need who should i be speaking to what should i be reading what's the information i need to completely immerse myself in in order to ensure success and what we dealt in a lot is the fifth step last week your finances what is your budget you know that if you are sitting in Nigeria the cup that that a six nine months that it's going to take you to get another job is a reality do you have savings for that do you need to downgrade your lifestyle do you have you planned accordingly financially for that transition and then of course the timeline how long is it going to take realistically and what happens if that timeline isn't met have i thought about the ramifications of having to make that career transition those for me are the things you thoroughly need to investigate and really interrogate in order to use in order for you to have a solid plan for your career transition and when i think about uh i think probably the most interesting career transitions i've held and funny enough both were doctors one was wanting to go into being a makeup artist but didn't want to lose the qualification and we have to go in aesthetics business which thrived and she was one of my favorite clients absolutely thrived and she makeup was a side gig in her passion and she was able to take her nine to five and merge it with a side gig where she literally could you know started doing the metology and also was able to do your makeup in the weekends which was fantastic and it's a business that's really worked well for her the second is a medical doctor who wanted to become a CEO and she had never worked a day in corporate as she thought i could never work with work in corporate i know this is the process when when you're a doctor and i said that's a great thing you understand process you are a doctor which means you thoroughly understand the importance of a bedside manner which is just customer experience you understand systems you've learned to the human body system if you study the system of this particular organization you can probably find out what's wrong quite quickly and all of a sudden she was like i've never thought of it like that she pitched and is now the CEO of in corporate and is doing very very well so don't allow what you don't know to take away what you can bring from a values perspective she didn't know finance and i said you don't need to know finance that's what the chief financial officer is for she was like but i don't understand marketing that's what the chief marketing officer is for you know what it's like you go into theater you've got you're needed to supporting you you've got great nurses you've got aftercare you've got the physio to help you post you know how to lead a team the job of a ceo is to successfully lead a team once that clicked she thrived so i think it's very very important that we're able to do the same thing what's the value that i can bring what's the knowledge of my gaps who can help me fill those gaps in order for me to successfully transition into a career that i'm ready for and in the future excellent thank you so much for me as always it's an amazing time with you on ways we look forward to having you back again to discuss i mean you're so versed you know versatile that you know we could pick any topic and you could probably talk about it so we look forward to having you on the show again thank you so much chinello i've had fun on this tired friday evening for the both of us but looking forward to the weekend and an awesome week next week so before we go please ensure that you follow us on instagram at waste your africa you can interact with us further drop a comment and most importantly follow all our social media media engagements and remember to like share comment and invite your friends and family to watch us and follow us if you miss today's quote here it is again without leaps of imagination or dreaming we lose the excitement of possibilities dreaming after all is a form of planning that's by glorious dynam so we'll see you again on monday at eight p.m as we bring another great conversation to your screen have a good evening