What an effort that was from the last day, they've really had to grind that one out. Yeah, it was a tough game, different type of game to choose from, but you look at Tuesday's game, there was one all mightier from us and we did look a bit like, obviously we've contemplated making changes, but when we were drinking with the poor Vail staff afterwards they said their players at halftime were saying there's no way they can keep this going and he said, but you did, and it was from the first minute to the last and I thought poor Vail might struggle today themselves because I thought both teams will go in that game. So today we didn't quite have that sharpness and energy we had, but that was understandable, so it was a different type of victory where we had to really be very professional in our approach. Against the good side, they're a good side, MkDon's have got some really technical players and they've got that extra man in the midfield which when you are a little bit leggy as a team you can get exploited and at times they did it well. Equally, we still looked threatening with McLean and Hansen at the top end of the pitch and then the first half. And talking of Hansen, obviously he showed a great example of the effort that we show throughout the game, obviously to chase the goalkeeper down and ultimately get the match winning goal. I thought it was great, I thought it was great today, to put back-to-back performances like that in terms of his running power. I thought it was tremendous. How many goals are there, ten is it? I believe yes, double figures in the season. There's no penalty, it's all from open play for a big target man, but he never stopped running and OK, the keeper's made a bad mistake for the goal but he's chased it down and churned calmness to put it in the back of the net and he got mad at the match from the sponsors today and I felt that was well deserved.


So now let's say for our sake, I came across this tree and I made a remove 25. So we're kind of in an interesting position because if we're dealing with a splay tree, the node that we access happens to go to the top. However, we're dealing with a removal in this case. So one, that node goes away. And two, that node happens to be my root. So if, in this case, if we're dealing with some in, if in is root, we remove in. And some, how can I describe this? Some child becomes the new root. Now in our situation, that's quite easy. We see that we would remove that 25 from our tree and then we would be left with 30, 50, and 75. Now I say some child. In our case, we look for whatever my least possible child would be, in this case, that 25. And we happen to be left with 30, 50, and 75. And so we're automatically done.


Hello everyone, welcome to this session. I am Priyanka Bidla and today we are going to see about model driven engineering. At the end of this session students will be able to explain model driven engineering and explain the transformations of model driven development. These are the contents of this video lecture. Basically we will concentrate on these points. Before moving towards to model driven engineering pause this video and you have to think for a while and recall types of system model. Those are already we studied in previous lectures. There are four types of system model. First context model, then interaction model, then structural model and last is the behavioral model. Now we see the classification of system model in detail. System model is divided into four types. Again these types have its subtypes. So first context model it shows how the system being model is placed in an environment with other system. It has no types. Then second type interaction model it may be user or system model. It involves user inputs and outputs and interaction between the systems being developed. It has two types. First use case modeling and second sequence diagram. Then third type is structural model. Structural models of software display that make up the system and their relationships. It has three types class diagram generalization and aggregation. Then last type is behavioral model. This model shows the behavior of the system and it has two types data driven modeling and second event driven modeling. Now we will move towards to our actual point that is model driven engineering. Model driven engineering is an approach to software development where models rather than programs are the principal outputs of the development process. Then these programs that execute on a hardware or software platform and then generated automatically from the models. It is during this process of translating the design to the code level that there is the potential for errors known as bugs in the software to come out. Mainly in model driven engineering all the parties work together within a single model keeping errors to a minimum. It raises the level of abstraction in software engineering so that engineers no longer have to be concerned with programming language or the specifics of execution platforms. Model driven engineering and model driven architecture are often seen as the same thing. Model driven engineering has a wider scope than the model driven architecture. MDA is nothing but model driven architecture focuses on the design and implementation stages of software development whereas MDE that is model driven engineering is concerned with all aspects of the software engineering process. Let us see model driven architecture. Model driven architecture is a model focus approach to software design and implementation that uses a subset of UML models to describe a system. And here models at different levels of abstractions are created from a high level platform independent model that is PIM. It is possible to generate a working program without manual involvement. The MDA method recommends that three types of abstract steam model should be produced. Now we see the transformations of MDA that is model driven architecture. So in this there are three translators, three models that are computation independent model that is CIM then PIM means platform independent model and the third one that is platform specific models that is PSM. A computation independent model CIM that models the important domain abstractions used in the system. CIMs are sometimes called domain models. You may develop several different CIMs then reflecting different views of the system. So CIM views specific guidelines and human intervention indicated by a stick figure will be needed for the future is given to the translator. For example there may be a security CIM in which you identify important security abstractions such as a benefit and a role and a patient record CIM in which you describe abstractions such as patients consultations and etc. So the translator provide the information to the PIM. Then a platform independent model that models the operation of the system without reference to its implementation. The PIM is usually described using UML models that show the static system structure and how it responds to internal and external events. There is some specific patterns and rules are decided then this is given to the next translator. Then second translator provides the information to the PSM. Platform specific models which are transformations of the platform independent model with a separate PSM for each application platform. In principle there may be layers of PSM with each layer adding some platform specific detail. As I have said transformations between these models may be defined and applied automatically by software tools. These transformations language specific patterns are given to the translator. This also shows a final level of automatic transformation and the transformation is applied to the PSM to generate executable code that runs on the design designated software platform. At the time of writing automatic CIM to PIM translation is still at the research prototype stage. It is intended to support an interactive approach to development and so can be used within agile methods. Transformations can be completely automated and a complete program generated from a PIM then in principle MDA could be used in agile development as no separate coding would be required for that. This is the part of MDA executable UML. The fundamental concept behind model driven engineering is that completely automated transformation of models to code should be possible. To achieve this to construct graphical models whose semantics are well defined add information to graphical models about the ways in which the operations defined in the model are implemented. This is possible using a subset of UML2 called executable UML or X UML. UML was designed as a language for supporting and documenting software design not as a programming language. They introduced useful notations such as use case diagrams that help with the design but which are too informal to support execution. Three types of model first domain model then class model and third state model. So domain models these are defined using UML class diagrams that include objects attributes and associations. Then class models in which classes are defined along with their attributes and operations. Then third that is state model in which a state diagram is associated with each class and it is used to describe the life cycle of the class. These are the references for this video lecture. Thank you.


Hello, everyone. Myself, Mr. Chopa. I am Madhugar. I am working as an assistant professor in computer science and engineering department at Walsh and Institute of Technology, Solapur. In the last video, we have discussed about the network software, network hardware. This video, we will going to discuss about VESA reference model. Let us see the learning outcome. At the end of this session, students will be able to describe the concept of VESA reference model and functions of each layer, ok. Zenda, physical layer, data link layer, network layer, transport layer, system layer, presentation layer and application layer. These are the layers I am going to cover in this video. Let us see one by one in detail. First one is physical layer, about VESA reference model. The principle for the seven layers are, there is a seven layers can be prepared for different purpose in a communication that are seven layers created for different abstractions or each layer performs well defined functions in a communication, functions for each layer chosen with the definition of international standard protocols in mind, ok. Each layer can contain the different protocol for different purpose and then each layer can be used and then it can perform the different functions and then in a communication, ok. The model is called OSI that is Open System Interconnection. ISO reference model because it deals with connecting open systems, we just call it as an OSI reference model. This is an OSI reference model. It can contain the total seven layers, whatever the layers we have listed in a agenda, ok. First in the layer, the center side layers and the resource side layers here, the layer one is an application layer, then while transmitting any data, the present layer can communicate with the next layer that is application layer can interface with the presentation layer, then if it is free, then it can send the data and if it is not free, then the current layer how to wait, then parallely these layers are virtually can communicate with each other, it means dotted line indicates a virtual communication and the dark line indicates the actual communication, then same way they have to send the data from current layer that application layer to the presentation layer and the presentation layer to the session layer, same thing they have to. This one is network layer host router protocol or it can just while transmitting how to use for different purpose, then internal subnet protocol is there, communication subnet boundaries there and then these layers directly they can communicate with each other that is application layer to the application layer, presentation layer to presentation layer, session to session and transport to transport, these layers they can send the communicate through subnet that is sender side subnet and receiver side. Here these three layers can contain the they have to send the data and receive the data from host A to host B, it is an OSI reference model. First one is physical layer, in the physical layer the user can transmit a raw bits from one computer to another computer in the form of bit streams. In the form of zeros while transmitting the data if the user is using in the form of points it means he can get the acknowledgement in the form of zeros and then in the receiver side if they are sending the data in the form of ones he can get the data reply in the form of one and then it can defines how the cable is attached to the network layer, network adapter it means how the user can use the connection between transmit and receiver, in this layer only the user can use the physical path between the transmitter and receiver, it deals with the issues like definition of zeros and ones, design issues it deals with the mechanism, electrical line, mechanical electrical line, procedural interfaces it means how we have what are the different issues they have to face in a physical layer. Next one is data link layer, in the data link layer packages raw bits from physical layer into frames, it means in the data link layer the user can send the data in the form of frames, it can contains the source information, destination information and as well as some other information related to the sender and receiver, they can send the data in the form of frames, provides a reliable transmission of frames, it waits for an acknowledgement from the receiving computer after sending the data, the user should have to in the data link layer the user can wait until to get the acknowledgement from the receiver side. retransmits, transmits frames for which acknowledgement is not received it means, if the user how to mention the mention time is reached and then they have not get the acknowledgement from the receiver side it means, again they have to retransmit the frames, the network layer manages addressing or routing of data within the subnet, determines how the packets are route from source to the destination computer or manage traffic problem such as switching, routing, controlling the congestion of data packets, determine at start of each session and individually determine for each packets reflecting the current network load it means, the network layer the user how to check out the how the availability of the network while transmitting the data in this network layer, transport layer. The transport layer manages the transmission of packets or packages long messages when necessary into small packets for transmission, reassembles packets in correct order to get the original messages, handles, error, recognition and recovery it means, in the transport layer the user can use some protocol that is TCP and UDP that protocol can be used one is a connection oriented TCP is in connection oriented UDP is in connection list by using that the user can reassemble the packets in correct order how they can based on what they can reassemble the packet it means here we have to use some path for that before transmitting the data they can use some sequence number based on that or sequence number they can transfer the data to the receiver side if the sequence is then after issuing all the data to the receiver side they how to check out the sequence number if any number is missing based on that only they can check out this data is or this packet is not received to the receiver side if the data is not reached then again they can resend the packet that is reassembles packets in correct order to get their original machine based on the sequence number they have to get the original sequences, handles, error, recognition and recovery it means based on that protocol only they can recognize the error and then they can recover the detected error transport layer transport layer at receiving acknowledgement packet delivery it means in this one the user should have to get the acknowledgement otherwise if they are not get the acknowledgement once again they have to resend the same packet to the receiver ok resend missing packets ok it is true end to end layer it provides a flow control to the user ok next one is question and answer section think and write it can contain two questions what are the different service of OSI reference model list some difference between network layer and transport layer now pause the video and answer the above question answer for the above question is services and OSI model each layer provides services to layer above and consumes services provided by layer below it ok active elements in each layer called an entities ok entities in different layers different layers or layers and different machines called peer entities it is a difference between network layer and transport layer network layer the function for this layer is to deliver the packets from source to the destination across multimedia or multiple networks here the transport layer is in responsible for source to destination delivery of the entire message it provides the connection connection services including network layer flow control error control and packet sequence number transport layer can be either connection or connection oriented or connection less it translates logical network address into physical machine address it divides each message into packets at the source and reassembles then at the destination session layer session layer allows two applications on different computers to establish use and end assessment that is file file transfer remote logging establish the dialogue control regulates which side transmits plus when and how long it transmits how much time it will takes to transfer the data we have to study in this establish the dialogue control perform token management and synchronization presentation related to the representation of transmitted data translates different data representation from application layer into uniform standard format ok provide services for secure efficient data transmission that is example encryption and decryption and data compression before transmitting the data in the presentation layer the user can encrypt data it means they have to modify the original data into the another form after modifying they can send that modify data to the receiver side the receiver if the somebody how use that or hack that then it is not possible to get the original data for that we have to use the encryption technique before transmitting the data application layer an application level at which application access network services contain a variety of protocol that are commonly needed represent services that directly support software applications for transfer database access and electronic mail in the application layer the different protocols we have to use and then are there in a application that application layer that protocols can be used for different purposes that is it's a variety of protocol that commonly needed these are the references I have used for preparing the above ppt thank you


Hey everyone, welcome back to theCUBE. We are covering VMware Explorer live in San Francisco. This is our third day of wall-to-wall coverage and John Furrier is here with me, Lisa Martin. We are excited to welcome two guests from Cast & By Veeam. Please welcome Tom Leiden, VP of Marketing, and Matt LeBlanc, not Joey from Friends. Matt LeBlanc, the Systems Engineer from North America at Cast & By Veeam. Welcome guys, great to have you. Thank you for having us. Tom. Go ahead. I was going to say, talk to us about some of the key challenges customers are coming to you with. Key challenges that they have at this point is getting up to speed with Kubernetes. So everybody has it on their list, like if you want to do Kubernetes, but where are they going to start? Back when VMware came on the market, I was switching from Windows to Mac and I needed to run a Windows application on my Mac and someone told me, run a VM. Went to the internet, I downloaded it and in a half hour I was done. That's not how it works with Kubernetes. So that's a bit of a challenge. I mean, Kubernetes, at least remember the early days of theCUBE, OpenStack was kind of transitioning, cloud was booming, and then Kubernetes was the paper that became the thing that pulled everybody together. It's now de facto in my mind, so that's clear, but there's a lot of different versions of it.  You remember Pat Gelser, it's a dial tone. Turns out that came from Kit Colbert or no, I think AJ kind of coined the term here. But it's since been there, it's been adopted by everyone. There's different versions, there's open source, AWS is involved. How do you guys look at the relationship with Kubernetes here at VMware Explorer with Kubernetes and the customers? Because they have choices. They can go do it on their own, they can add a little bit with Lambda, serverless, they can do more here. It's not easy, it's not like as easy as people think it is and this is a skill gaps problem too. We're seeing a lot of these problems out there. What's your take? And that's, I'll talk to that, but what I want to say first is this is also the power of the cloud native ecosystem. The days are gone where companies were selecting one enterprise application and they were building their stack with that. Today they're building applications using dozens, if not hundreds of different components from different vendors or open source platforms. And that is really what creates opportunities for those cloud native developers. So maybe you want to... Yeah, we're seeing a lot of hybrid solutions out there. So it's not just choosing one vendor, AKS, EKS or Tanzu. We're seeing all of the above.  So it is covering everything plus the need to have a on-prem solution managed at all. I got a stat, I got a share. They want to get your reactions. You can laugh or comment, whatever you want to say. I talked to a big CISO, CXO, executive big company. I won't say the name. We got a thousand-inch developers, okay? A hundred of them have heard of Kubernetes. Okay, okay, 10 have touched it and used it and one's good at it. And so his point is that there's a lot of Kubernetes need and people are getting aware. So it shows that there's more and more adoption around there's a lot of managed services out there. So it's clear it's happening and he's over-exaggerating the ratio probably but the point is the numbers kind of make sense as of the thousand developers just starting to see people getting adoption to it, they're aware of the value but being good at it is what we're hearing is one of those things. Can you guys share your reaction to that? Is that, I mean hyperbole at some level but it does point to the fact of adoption trends. Got to get good at it. You got to know how to use it. It's very accurate actually. It's what we're seeing in the market. We've been doing some research of our own and we have some interesting numbers that we're going to be sharing soon. Analysts don't have a whole lot of numbers these days so we're trying to run our own surveys to get a grasp of the market. One simple survey or research element that I've done myself is I used Google Trends and in Google Trends if you go back to 2004 and you compare VMware against Kubernetes you get a very interesting graph. What you're going to see is that VMware the adoption curve is practically complete and Kubernetes is clearly taking off and the volume of searches for Kubernetes today is almost as big as VMware. So that's a big sign that this is starting to happen. But in this process we have to get those companies to have all of their engineers to be up to speed on Kubernetes and that's one of the community efforts that we're helping with. We built a website called learning.casting.io. We're going to rebrand it soon at KubeCon so stay tuned. But we're offering hands-on labs there for people to actually come learn Kubernetes with us because for us the faster the adoption goes the better for our business. I was just going to ask you about the learning so there's a big focus here on educating customers to help dial down the complexity and really kind of get those numbers up as John was mentioning. Yeah, and we're really breaking it down to the very beginning, right? So at this point we have almost 10 labs as we call them up and they start really from install a Kubernetes cluster and people really hands-on are going to install a Kubernetes cluster. They learn to build an application. They learn obviously to back up the application in the safest way. And then there is how to tune storage, how to implement security and we're really building it up so that people can step by step in a hands-on way learn Kubernetes. You know, it's interesting this VMware Explorer, their first new name change but VMworld prior, big community, a lot of customer loyal customers. Yeah, but they're classic and they're foundational in enterprises. And you know, let's face it, some of them aren't going to rip out VMware anytime soon because their workloads are running on it. So in Broadcom we'll have some good action to kind of maybe increase prices or whatnot. So we'll see how that goes. But the personas here are definitely going cloud-nated. They did with Tanzu, it was a great thing. Some stuff was coming off, the fruit's coming off the tree now. You're starting to see it. CNCF has been on this for a long, long time. KubeCon's coming up in Detroit. And so that's just always been great because you had the day one, day zero event and you got all kinds of community activity. Tons of developer action. So here they're talking, let's connect to the developer. There the developers are at KubeCon. So the personas are kind of connecting or overlapping. I'd love to get your thoughts, Matt. So from the personnel that we're talking to, there really is a split between the traditional IT ops and a lot of the people that are here today at VMware Explorer. But we're also talking with the SREs and the DevOps folks. What really needs to happen is we need to get a little bit more experience, some more training, and we need to get these two groups to really start to coordinate and work together. Because you're basically moving from that traditional on-prem environment to a lot of these traditional workloads. And the only way to get that experience is to get your hands dirty. So how would you describe the personas specifically, here versus say, KubeCon? IT ops? Very, very different. Well, yes. Go ahead, explain. Well, I mean, from this perspective, this is all about VMware and everything that they have to offer. So we're dealing with a lot of administrators from that regard. On the Kubernetes side, we have site reliability engineers. And their goal is exactly as their title describes. They want to architect applications that are very resilient and reliable. And it is a different way of working. I was on a Twitter spaces about SREs and DevOps. And there was a people saying, their title's called DevOps. Like, no, no, no, you do DevOps. You don't really, you're not the DevOps person. But they become the DevOps person because you're the developer running operations. So it's been weird how DevOps has been co-opted as a position. You know. And that is really interesting. One person told me earlier, when I started casting, like we have this new persona, it's the DevOps person, right? That is the person that we're going after. But then talking to a few other people were like, they're not falling from space. It's people who used to do other jobs who now have a more DevOps approach to what they're doing. It's not a new- And then the SRE conversation was in Site Reliable Engine. It comes from Google from one person managing multiple clusters. How that's evolved into being the DevOps. So it's been interesting. And this is really the growth of scale, the 10x developer going to more of the cloud native, which is, okay, you got to run Ops and make the developer go faster. So if you look at the stuff we've been covering on theCUBE, it's the trends have been cloud native developers, which I call DevOps like developers. They want to go faster. They want self-service. And they don't want it to slow down. They don't want to deal with BS, which is go check in security code, wait for the Ops team to do something. So data and security seem to be the new Ops, not so much IT Ops, because that's now cloud. So how do you guys see that in, because Kubernetes is rationalizing this, certainly on the compute side, not so much on storage yet, but it seems to be making things better in that grinding area between Dev and these complicated Ops areas, like security data, where it's constantly changing. What do you think about that? Well, there are still a lot of specialty folks in that area in regards to security operations. The whole idea is be able to script and automate as much as possible, not have to create a ticket to request a VM to be built or an operating system or an application deployed. They're really empowered to automatically deploy those applications and keep them up. And that was the old DevOps role or a person. That was what DevOps was called. So again, that is standard. I think at KubeCon, that is something that's expected. Yes. You would agree with that. Yeah, yeah. Okay, so now translating VMworld, VMware Explorer to KubeCon, what do you guys see as happening between now and then? And then obviously got reinvent right at the end and first we get December coming. So that's going to be two major shows coming in now, back to back. That'll be super interesting for this ecosystem. Quite frankly, if you compare the persona, maybe you have to step away from comparing the personas, but really compare the conversations that we're having. The conversations that you're having at KubeCon are really deep dives. We will have people coming into our booth and taking 45 minutes, one hour of the time of the people who are supposed to do 10 minute demos because they're asking more and more questions because they want to know every little detail how things work. The conversations here are more like, why should I learn Kubernetes? Why should I start using Kubernetes? So it's really early day. Now, I'm not saying that in a bad way. This is really exciting because when you hear CNCF say that 97% of enterprises are using Kubernetes, that's obviously that small part of their world. Those are their members, right? We now want to see that grow to the entire ecosystem, the larger ecosystem. It's actually a great thing. Actually, it's not a bad thing, but I will counter that by saying, I am hearing the conversation here. This is, you guys will like this on the beam side, the other side of the beam. There's deep dives on ransomware and air gapping and configuration errors on backup and recovery. And it's all about beam on the other side.  Not Kubernetes, but they're now leaning into Kubernetes. They're crossing into the new era because that's the absolute end up writing the code for that. So the funny part is all of those concepts, ransomware and recovery, they're all, there are similar concepts in the world of Kubernetes. And both on the beam side as well as the casting side, we are supporting a lot of those air gap solutions and providing a ransomware recovery solution. And from an air gap perspective, there are many use cases where you do need to live. It's not just the government entity, but we have customers that are cruise lines in Europe, for example, and they're disconnected. So they need to live in that disconnected world or military as well. Well, let's talk about the adoption of customers. I mean, this is the customer side. What's accelerating there? What's there? What's the current situation with the customer base with cruise, not just here, but like in the industry with Kubernetes? How would you guys categorize that? How does that get accelerated? What's the customer situation? A big drive to Kubernetes is really about the automation self-service and reliability. We're seeing the drive to, and reduction of resources, being able to do more with less, right? This is ongoing, the way it's always been. But I was talking to a large university in Western Canada and they're a huge Veeam customer worth 7,000 VMs. And three months ago, they said, over the next few years, we plan on moving all of those workloads to Kubernetes. And the reason for it is really to reduce their workload both from the administration side and cost-restricted as well as on-prem resources as well. So there's a lot of good business reasons to do that in addition to the technical reliability concerns. So what is those specific reasons? This is where now you start to see the rubbery at the road on acceleration. Yeah, so I would say scale and flexibility, that ecosystem, that opportunity to choose any application from that or any tool from that cloud-native ecosystem is a big driver. I wanted to add to the adoption another area where I see a lot of interest is everything AI, machine learning. One example is also a customer coming from Veeam. We're seeing a lot of that and that's a great thing. It's an AI company that is doing software for automated driving. They decided that VMs alone were not gonna be good enough for all of their workloads and then for select workloads, the more scalable one where scalability was more of a topic would move to Kubernetes. I think at this point, they have like 20% of their workloads on Kubernetes and they're not planning to do away with VMs. VMs are always going to be there just like mainframes still exist. Yeah, oh yeah. They were projecting over the next few years they were going to go to a 50-50 and eventually lean towards more Kubernetes than VMs but it was going to be a mix. Do you have a favorite customer example, Tom, that you think really articulates the value of what Kubernetes can deliver to customers where you guys are really coming and helped demystify it? I would think Supersteria is a really great example and you know the details about that. I love the Supersteria story. They're a AWS customer and they're running OpenShift version three and they need to move to OpenShift version four. There is no upgrade in place. You have to migrate all your apps. Now, Supersteria is a large French IT firm. They have over 700 developers in their environment and it was by their estimation that this was going to take a few months to get that migration done. We were able to go in there and help them with the automation of that migration and Caster was able to help them architect that migration and we did it in the course of a weekend with two people. A weekend. A weekend. That's a hackathon. I mean, that's not real, come on. Compared to thousands of man hours and a few months, not to mention since they were able to retire that old OpenShift cluster, the OpenShift three, they were able to stop paying Jeff Bezos for a couple of those months, which is tens of thousands of dollars per month. Don't tell anyone. Keep that down low, you're going to get shot when you leave this place. No, seriously, this is why I think the multi-cloud hybrid is interesting because these kinds of examples are going to be more than less coming down the road. You can see, you can hear more of these stories than not hear them because what containerization now Kubernetes doing what Docker's doing now and the role of containers not being such a land grab is allowing Kubernetes to be more versatile in its approach. So I got to ask you, you can almost apply that concept to agility to other scenarios like spanning data across clouds. Yes. And that is what we're seeing.  You know, last year AWS went down, I think three times in Q4 and you know, to have a plan of being able to recover somewhere else, you can actually plan your, it's DR, it's a planned migration. You can do that in a few hours. You know, it's interesting just the sidebar here for a second, we had a couple of chats earlier today where the influence is on and all the super cloud conversations and trying to get more data to share with the audience across multiple areas.  There's almost a consensus that maybe it's this time for some peace, right? Amongst the cloud vendors, like, hey, you've already won. Okay. Like, everyone's won. That's just like, we know where everyone is. Let's go peace time. And everyone then, because the relationship is not going to change between public cloud and the new world. So there's a consensus like, what does peace look like? I mean, first of all, the pie is getting bigger. You're seeing ecosystems forming around all the big new areas. That's good thing. That's the tides rising, the pie is getting bigger. There's a bigger market out there now. So people can share and share. Okay, go ahead. Yeah, but you know, and I've never worked for any of these big players. So I would have to agree with you, but peace would not drive innovation. And my heart is with tech innovation. I love it when vendors come up with new solutions that will make things better for customers. And if that means that we're moving from on-prem to cloud and back to on-prem, I'm fine with that. What excites me is really having the flexibility of being able to choose any provider you want because you do have open standards, being cloud native in the world of Kubernetes. I've recently discovered that the Canadian federal government had mandated to their financial institutions that yes, you may have started all of your on-cloud presence in Azure, you need to have an option to be elsewhere. So it's not like- Well, the sovereign cloud is one of those big initiatives, but also going back to Java, we heard another guest earlier, we were thinking about Java right once, run anywhere, right? So you can't do that today on the cloud, but now with containers- You can. Again, this is, again, this is the point that's happening. Explain. So when you have Kubernetes is a strict standard and all of the applications are written to that. So whether you're deploying MongoDB or Postgres or Cassandra or any of the other cloud native apps, you can deploy them pretty much the same, whether they're in AKS, EKS or on Tanzu. And it makes it much easier. The world became just a lot less proprietary. So that's the story that everybody wants to hear. How does that happen in a way that is, doesn't stall the innovation and the developer growth because the developers are driving a lot of change. I mean, for all the talk in the industry, the developers are doing pretty good right now. They've got a lot of open source, plentiful open source growing like crazy. You got shifting left in the CICP pipeline. You got tools coming out of Kubernetes. Infrastructure as code is almost a 100% reality right now. So there's a lot of good things going on for developers. That's not an issue. The issue is just underneath. It's the skill set. And that is really one of the biggest challenges I see in our deployments is a lack of experience. And it's not everyone. There are some folks that have been playing around for the last couple of years with it and they do have the experience. But there are many people that are still young at this. Okay, let's do a, as we wrap up, let's do a lead into KubeCon. It's coming up and I was reading events right behind it. Lisa, we're going to have a lot of pre-KubeCon interviews, we'll interview all the committee chairs, program chairs, we'll get the scoop on that. We do that every year. But while we've got you guys here, let's do a little pre-preview of KubeCon. What can we expect? What do you guys think is going to happen this year? What does KubeCon look like?  You guys do a great job there. Thanks for doing that. The community really recognizes that. But as Kubernetes comes in now for this year, you're looking at probably the third year now that I would say Kubernetes has been on the front burner. Where do you see it on the hockey stick growth? Has we kicked the curve yet? What's going to be the level of intensity for Kubernetes this year? How's that going to impact KubeCon in a way that people may or may not think it will? So I think first of all, KubeCon is going to be back at the level where it was before the pandemic. Because the show, as many other shows, has been suffering from, I mean, virtual events are not like the in-person events. KubeCon LA was super exciting for all the vendors last year. But the attendees were not really there yet. Valencia was a huge bump already. And I think Detroit, it's a very exciting city I heard. So it's going to be a blast. And it's going to be a huge attendance. That's what I'm expecting. Second, so this is going to be my third personally in-person KubeCon, comparing how vendors evolved between the previous two. There's going to be a lot of interesting stories from vendors, a lot of new innovation coming onto the market. And I think the conversations that we're going to be having will yet again be much more about live applications and people using Kubernetes in production, rather than those at the first in-person KubeCon for me in LA, where it was a lot about learning still. We're going to continue to help people learn because it's really important for us. But the exciting part about KubeCon is you're talking to people who are using Kubernetes in production. And that's really cool. And users contributing projects too, you know? Also. There's a poster child there and you've got a lot more. And of course, you've got the stealth recruiting going on there, Apple, all the big guys are there. They have a booth and no one's attending.  Matt, what's your take on KubeCon? What are you going in? What do you see? And obviously a lot of dynamic, new projects. I'm going to see much deeper tech conversations. As experience increases, the more you learn, the more you realize you have to learn more. And the sharing's going to increase too. And the sharing, yes. So I see a lot of deep conversations. It's no longer the, why do I need Kubernetes? It's more, how do I make, how do I architect this for my solution and for my environment? And yeah, I think there's a lot more depth involved. And the size of KubeCon is going to be much larger than we've seen in the past. And to finish off with, I think, from the vendor's point of view, what we're going to see is a lot of applications that will be a lot more enterprise-ready. Because that is the part that was missing so far. It was a lot about what's new and enabling Kubernetes. But now that adoption is going up, a lot of features for different components still need to be added to have them enterprise-ready. And what can the audience expect from you guys at KubeCon? Any teasers you can give us from a marketing perspective? Yes, we have a rebranding sitting ready for our learning website. It's going to be bigger and better. So we're no longer going to call it learning.custom.io, but I'll be happy to come back with you guys and present a new name at KubeCon. All right. All right, that sounds like a deal. Guys, thank you so much for joining John and me, breaking down all things Kubernetes, talking about customer adoption, the challenges, but also what you're doing to demystify it. We appreciate your insights and your time. Thank you so much. Our pleasure. Thanks, Matt. For our guests and John Furrier, I'm Lisa Martin. You've been watching the Kube's live coverage of VMware Explorer 2022. Thanks for joining us. Stay safe.


Yeah, I said it. You could be damaging the thin, sensitive skin back there. You should just use water to clean your peach, according to some experts. This avoids stripping the area of the oils your bum needs. Others say you can sparingly use gentle, unscented cleanser. And it's fine to use a washcloth or luffa. Just don't scrub too hard. That could cause micro-fissures. Yikes. The consensus seems to be no washing with bath soap, no washing with bar soap. Just don't do it, okay?


Live from Las Vegas, Nevada. Extracting the signal from the noise. It's theCUBE, covering IBM Edge 2015. Brought to you by IBM. Welcome back to Las Vegas everybody. This is theCUBE, we're here at Edge 2015. We have our flash pins on, cause we're talking flash. Mike Cune is here as the VP of Flash Systems at IBM and Janine Graham Bellamy, Director of Technology at Royal Caribbean Cruise Lines. Folks, welcome to theCUBE. It's great to see you. It's great to be here. Mike, it's all the rage. Flash, I said flash, it's hot, you said no. Flash is cool. That's very cool. What's happening? Lots happening. We talked about everything happening in the flash from a momentum standpoint, but the story is evolving and it's playing at very nicely. So at Edge, we're talking about all about business outcomes and the value of all the technologies from IBM in terms of a transformational technology. So flash is at the forefront of that. Flash is delivering transformational technology. Janine from Royal Caribbean will talk about how it's changing her industry, changing her business and all the things that they do in Royal Caribbean is the second largest cruise line in the world. They have five million clients a year. So it's all about how they're using art technology or flash or virtualization management to really work on how they change the client experience. So it's all about before the client, before the customers come on board, while they're on board, after how they've changed the client experience. So the big story about flash is, continuous uptake, it is at the center of this transformational discussion that's happening and really driving businesses. So Janine, I mean after the economic downturn, the Royal Caribbean really seemed to come back very, very strong, the industry as a whole picked up.  Talk first about your business and what's driving your business. What's driving our business? Actually innovation is actually driving our business. So we're a company of six brands. So not many people realize that Royal Caribbean has a lot of our ships that are actually around the world. So one of our leaders is actually we're global and that's what helped us come from the market turn is that our ships are not just here, they're around the world. We're providing destinations, we're providing cruises to everyone to be seeing dream locations. Very competitive, obviously. So the more you can service clients, the more you can make that experience rewarding, the more they come back, sticky business potentially. So talk about your IT, what's going on in your infrastructure, how is it transforming and what about flash? All right, so part of what Mike was bringing in, so let me tell you we had a challenge. So we do have a lot of data that we had to capture. So back to what Mike was saying, before the cruise, during the cruise and after the cruise. So we collect data from when you're trying to do some short excursions, what you do on the ship, what was your likes, what's your dislikes. So all that data was a challenge for us. So we actually had to find a solution to help us pretty much campaign, understand our customers, what they really wanted. So part of our solution was to pick up flash. We actually did a pilot to see what can help us because our customers, our marketing department needed the data. They did not know how to reach out to our customers. So that was one of the things that putting flash to technology, the data is now faster for them to actually do more with that data. So specifically, what did you do to put the data in the hands of the marketing? Well, one of the things that we, part of the technology we used that IBM Spectrum Virtualized was the SVC along with the flash system technology. Putting that together, we migrated the databases that was poorly performing on its original home into the new flash system without business impact. So that's what the SVC actually helped us with. And then from there, the business started doing a lot of campaigns to see if they were actually able to do their traditional SLAs. But now they can actually run a lot more campaigns than they had before. So you were an SVC customer prior to? Prior to flash, yes. We would run the leaders in starting out with SVC. So what were you doing with SVC? You had a collection of different devices that you were connecting in? Well, we tear our storage because we have all of our applications behind the SVC. So we have from the lower dense storage devices to the high performing, from the DS8000 to the store-wise to the XIV. We have the whole gamut. So we put the storage behind and make it the best fit to the application it's performing on. So that flexibility that the SVC gives us is that we can move applications, tear the storage, put lower log files on the lower dense disks, and then high performing on the higher disks. How do you deal with, if I'm a business owner, Gina got this app. And I need fast storage, trust me. I need to be on the fat of gold standard. What do you- You know what, that is the funny thing. Everybody wants that until they give you the sticker price. That's a fun part. So you say, okay, Dave, it's going to cost X. And then we will give them X. But however, what we have noticed that we do give them X and they're hardly utilizing the storage or the infrastructure that we give them. They're maybe at 30% capacity. So the SVC has helped us move things around to really provide the right performance that the system and application really needs. And you do chargebacks to those folks? We are in the showback model right now. We haven't really gone to that chargeback model. So we've been moving the storage around so where there are some systems that may have bought the poor storage. They've now been able, just because SVC, I give them some of the fastest storage because I already have it on the floor. So I'm utilizing everything I have. I don't have anything just sitting there not wanting to be used. All right, Mike, let's talk about the market space. What's going on? How are you competing? What's the, what's the, what are the numbers saying? We'll just amplify the point that Jeanine just said. We talked about it's expensive but it's not as expensive as they realize, right? This is what David Floyer has been talking about for a long time, right? We've reached the tipping point. Flash is not the expensive tier of storage as it used to be in the past, right? It's becoming cheaper and cheaper. It's more highly optimized. We're working with clients in terms of understanding that TCO, understanding and having the software layer to deliver value to that. And as more and more clients figure out ways to monetize the data, they're moving to Flash. So that's the storyline. And we talked about Flash. We talked about speeds and fees. We talked about our Flash technology is really taken off. We talked about why it's a better optimized design than others who are optimized around SSDs. We talked about the startups don't have the software stack. We talked about all the piece parts that need to come together to get to this point. We've got to that point. So we've reached the tipping point.  We've reached these transformational type discussions with Royal Caribbean and others where people understand, can monetize the data and they need to have fast storage to store access, analyze data in real time and at the moment of impact, right? So it's all about doing it in the moment of impact because when you're interacting with somebody on the cruise or whatever, it doesn't matter if you have the data five minutes from now, 10 minutes from now, you have to have it right now, right? In the moment. So it's all about monetizing data and doing things in the moment. So let's talk more about the economics, Jean. I mean, a couple of years ago, it was all about, well, you shouldn't be looking at cost per bit. Think about cost per IO. You don't hear that so much anymore with technologies like compression and duplication, costs are coming down. Certainly flash cost seem to be coming down faster than spinning disk. And data center size too. Not just only cost, the data center's footprint and space, we've actually been able to lower footprint and the amount of power and utilization. It's actually lowering the cost, not just by the storage itself, but the overall full package. So five, seven years ago, CIOs didn't care because they didn't pay for the, for instance, the power bill, for example. No, they cared about space. I guess depends. We care about the power bill too. Somebody had a line here. They said, nobody cares about space until you run out of it. Then it matters. So you guys look at those factors overall, and that goes into your economic justification. You pay those bills? You pay the power bill? We pay the power. The data center we have on the shore side is our data center. So we pay the power bill, we pay the cooling, we pay for everything that's in that data center. So the space. So we did have a challenge with space at one point in time. So we did have significant larger footprint since we've been an IBM customer for a very long time that we do have the larger frames that are out there. So changing the technology and as technology's been growing it's been a large, less footprint so we can fit more into the data center. So clearly, I say clearly, but it's our assumption that you can do a lot more work with a lot less storage with flash. You're clearly seeing that. So there's a consolidation play there. And so how do you look at the economics? Do you look at the full TCO? Do you sort of look at the capex? I think we look at both. We actually look at what the need of the customer first. So we have to look at exactly what their performance they're looking at before saying, this is what your cost is going to be. Because that ultimate goal is I had to provide a service to my customers. So the business kind of determines the value that they're willing to pay. As long as I'm giving them exactly what they're looking for and even more, that's the goal, that the cost, we'll try to make sure the cost will work. How about this notion, like you mentioned, David Fleurer's work. So he did what I thought was some groundbreaking work where he talked about how, I mean, we all with spinning disks have copy creep, you know, I'll call it, where you're spinning copies left and right for data warehouses, test and dev, et cetera. And you can service, share more virtual copies out of flash than you could with spinning disks. So there's an efficiency play there. But there's also a productivity for developers. Have you seen that type of activity from the developer community? We're starting, I don't think we're there yet. We still have the multiple copies. And that has been a challenge of ours. So part of it is we're trying to make sure that we can actually virtualize more of our storage and our data so we can actually spin up a copy as fast as we can and utilize just that one copy. And you can be multiple users using it for dev or test reasons. So Mike, when you guys acquired the assets from Texas Memory System, it was stack light. And so you had the SVC. It was really, you know, pretty genius actually. We got this, put them together, go. No delay to market. And that was a great entry strategy. Exactly, right. I mean, that was our strategy all along. I mean, we looked at over two dozen companies out there. We looked at acquiring some type of technology to give us a head start in this space. We knew the space was going to take off. What we wanted was, we wanted someone that gave us a highly optimized, hardware optimized platform, which we had from our acquisition, that we could put our stack on it. So our stack is a battle tested proven stack. It's not a start up flash. Stack, it's a proven battle tested flash, which by the way has been changed over the years and highly optimized to take advantage of flash. So it hasn't stayed still either. So it's a proven, highly optimized stack. And when you have that software layer in between there, it actually is helping clients deploy it very, very fast. And so that's the message here. You talked about David Floyder's work. I mean, people understand that now. They may not all be doing all the things that you just asked Gina about, but they understand it now. We're in the past, when we talked about this, when we launched our flash system initiative and we announced the billion dollar investment around flash, we were still explaining to people with your help and others about, you know, understanding the TCO and all the costs involved. People now understand that much, much better. And there are different ways of adoption, but it's well understood now in the industry. But now you've evolved that strategy, the sort of SVC, you know, put it behind the SVZ. It's now an integrated product. You've incorporated real-time compression and it really is a solution. Talk about that a little bit. Yeah, so, you know, with our recently announced the V9000, which is our third generation product since we announced our billion dollar initiative, you know, two years ago. So, very quickly, over a two-year period, now we're on gen three. This is how fast the technology's moving. This is how fast IBM is moving. What you have is a highly optimized stack. It has all the capabilities of external virtualization, real-time compression, all the snapshots, synchronous, asynchronous, auto-tearing. Guess what? Some of the biggest competitors out there still don't have what we have, unless you want to go buy their recover point appliance or, you know, their other solution to marry with that. Certainly, all the software startups and flash startups out there don't have anything close to external virtualization or any kind of robust, you know, synchronization. They might have synchronous rep, but not asynchronous rep. So, certainly, they're not moving as fast as IBM is and that's the value of being able to deliver a proven stack and optimize it for flash. And it's hitting at the perfect time as this transformation is occurring in the industry. So, is that where a lot of the billion dollars is going, is integration? Is that? Piece of it. And you're also going to see our flash technology. So, a lot of it is in flash optimizing some of the stack, but you're also going to see the flash technology start to come up in our other enterprise storage offerings, right? So, no surprise, you would take a really, you know, you take your flagship product and you innovate first. You drive the most value first on your lead product, but you're going to see flash optimization across all of our product lines, right? XIV today still has a lot of life left. DSAK has a lot of life left. We announced over 11 product announcements at edge around a lot of technologies and guess what? A lot of them are on our more mature, robust platforms like XIV and StoreWise and DSAK. Those platforms aren't dead. They got a lot of life left in them. We're going to flash optimize them. We're going to integrate them all with their software-defined storage message. And it's really evolving to where we're at right now. Yeah, so flash extends the life of those things, presumably. Jeanine, when you think about, they joke about integration. I talked to a lot of practitioners that sometimes they tell me the only time it's integrated is in the PO. So from a customer standpoint, how important is that to you? I mean, it's on the one hand, it's good to have products that fill gaps. On the other hand, it's got to be hard to manage all the stovepipes. So what's your take on that? I mean the different products, I mean the different layers, like the XIV and how many? Yeah, I mean, just IT products in general. Well, the IT, well, on the storage level, we have standardized and all the IBM storage. So manageability is one of the biggest things that we have. I only have five storage admins. And we manage all shore side and the fleet. So with those five, I need a platform that is easy, flexible for them to be able to manage and standard, so that means they move from one area to another and make sure they can manage it. So from XIV to a DS8000 to a flash system. So five storage admins, how much storage we talking about? 3.6 petabytes. 3.6 petabytes. And how many servers you guys have roughly, do you know? Oh wow. Hundreds, thousands. Thousands. Thousands, at least over 5,000. If you counted all the ones from board the ships and everything. Five storage admins. So now, what, every year, the CIO, whomever, the CFO gives us, it's okay Janine, budget's flat, do more. I do more or less. And that's the reason why we standardize and a lot of the products. So along with it, we do have a monitoring tools that come along with IBM, which is our the Tivoli Productivity Center, TPC. Yep. I'm not too sure, that was renamed, right? It was renamed, but that's I wasn't making sure the new name. It was passed the reports with that way, it's fine. Right, so that's part of the ones. So monitoring our environment, so we leverage a lot of the tools to help us maintain the environment. So that's five storage administrators to deploy and manage all their storage on the land, in the data centers, in the air, in the cloud, and on the high seas because they have 50 rolling data centers that roll on the ocean. And of course, you know this, it's a data ocean out there, right? You liked that term, data ocean. You know, a lot of people talk about data lakes. No, that's like yesterday's news. It's a data ocean.  We're on the ocean. There's a lot of data on the ocean, isn't there? Absolutely. You're building a data ocean along with the virtual cloud? You know, on their newest cruise ship called Quantum of the Sea, you can actually go surfing right on the deck, on the top deck. You know that? You can actually go, you can do skydiving. You can go skydiving as well, on the deck of the cruise ship, right? It's a data ocean out there and you can surf the waves on Quantum of the Sea with Royal Caribbean and IBM Storage. And if you don't stay ahead of the waves, you're going to be driftwood. You won up this one more time. Mike and Janine, what a great story. Mike, a lot of momentum. I can just see the spring in your step. You're really excited. Congratulations. It's been a lot of hard work to bring it together and it looks like it's paying off. And Janine, thanks for sharing your story. All right, great. All right, keep it right there, buddy. We'll be back with our next guest right after this. This is theCUBE. We're live from IBM Edge 2015. We'll be right back.


That's right. That's not true But Sorry, was he my Jello? Yeah, it's catchy, right? It just stays in your head. It does when you can have a song and I say whether it's English or whatever But especially if it's like a foreign film If you can have white people be able to sing along to it. Yeah, even in a foreign language Yeah, you got a hit on your hands. Yep, but anyways, we watched our first ever Raj Kapoor film the 1951 film a water Also known as the vagabond, which is what it translated to in English Some people said that wasn't the exact translation For them for the word. Yeah, what was it? I don't know you guys can let us know some people just said it that wasn't the like an Exact translation makes sense to me because the vagabond is more like the little tramp Charlie Chaplin's character and this character is more of like the outcast or the The the fee for the criminal. But anyways, it's our first Raj Kapoor film from 1951 starring Raj Kapoor and Nargis Nargis. Is that you pronounce her name? Nargis? Nargis. I just I feel white saying it Nargis. Have you looked in the mirror? No. Am I white? Yeah, very and also a couple other people, but Oh Yeah, Pritharaj. Oh, you know who that is, right? Yeah. Yeah, did you how well how long did it take? Uh, I the very end I did after I didn't really I didn't realize it He was on screen for three seconds. You know it. I looked at my mind. Oh monty Martin, exactly. I just that face those eyes and I knew it immediately I just noticed this young Raj is Shashi Kapoor, which I did not realize. Did you dude? Yes Oh, wow. Yeah. Oh, yes, and you Ready for this? What? In the very opening scene. Mm-hmm. There's a judge sitting on the bench. Mm-hmm The judge sitting on the bench is Devan Kapoor, Prithiraj's dad. So this whole thing is nepotism Full blown nepotism kids! Full blown Bollywood nepotism. This is probably when the nepotism started. If you don't like it. Yeah Yeah, right there the Kapoor's are the Kapoor's are it who are the like the original two families with the Kapoor's on the Duts, right? Yeah, but it's the Kapoor's, right? And there's there's nothing. Nargis started the Duts, right? She was the wife of that. I don't know. Mr. Dutt? Yeah, nepotism.  Who's the dad of Ranbir? My brain. Okay, but anyways, yeah, we're doing a movie of a war up the 1951 film directed produced And I think now and starring Raj Kapoor Obviously we needed to get to Raj Kapoor at some point.  It's almost it's over 70 years old Yeah, which another thing is crazy the film we just watched with Kamal San and which came out in 78 right and this quality of This film that came in 1951. I know obviously there's a ton more money and it was restored You saw the opening. Yeah, it's been restored. It's not comparable to budgets that these two no, no, no, no But or even international popularity. Yeah, but anyways, so hundred spins for review They want to go watch it. We saw it on movie is what it's called. Yeah movie movie If you need English up titles, they have it there, but Rick your initial thoughts, please I don't have a paragraph. I just have a sentence.  I don't understand why I said I don't either That I do on the technical side of things. He did some things technically that hadn't been done And I understand where people talk about it was Really one of the first times that Hollywood went into being Really strong in a both social and political message. But other than that, I think Citizen Kane's one of the most boring It's it wasn't well received when it first came out It was nominated for nine Oscars one the one for screenplay and I've been told I wasn't there I was told that when Citizen Kane when each of the nominations were announced people booed and Part of it. Yeah, part of it was because they didn't like the fact that it was very clearly a personal vendetta And and crucifixion that Wells had toward William Randolph Hearst and it is a wonderful observation on the spectacle of Capitalism in its worst place when you have a mogul that becomes so narcissistic that their entire world caves in There will be blood as a much better film than Citizen Kane in that regard this film. I Thought it at every level. This is one of the greatest films I have ever seen one of the greatest classics. I don't care about region country language I was utterly flabbergasted at how good on so many levels. This movie was yeah Yeah, and I totally agree this film is absolutely it lived up to what I've Heard about not only Raj Kapoor, but the film as a whole yeah Because it came as a highly regarded film. I just I was in I was riveted from the outset and just stayed yeah from everything from acting to to the story, but obviously a very notably the production design and the songs We'll get to the score but the production does not get less We could make a you could do videos on just the chemistry of Nargis and Raj Kapoor alone I have great chemistry. Oh my goodness great chemistry But yeah, the some of the the set design's rival. I think what and he's like Mughal is on anything that Yeah, I agree that view He's probably going potty the whole Unexpected like the movie was already a classic and fantastic and I was gonna add it to my all-time favorite list Then we got into that musical number that took you to the clouds of the dream sequence in hell We'll talk about that in a minute because that's one of the most epic parts of That it's jaw-dropping right jaw-dropping I couldn't believe it But let's let's start with the one who I haven't seen before Raj Kapoor when he came on screen Well, obviously he came on screen at the beginning But obviously when you really got introduced to him you could see the the immediate kind of charisma He has and obviously the character was kind of inspired by the the trans yeah Charlie Chaplin's and that's but that's It's more than I think more the costume. It's just in kind of the cost But obviously he came on screen with the Yeah, it's classic all-time classic song But he you can see the immediate kind of charisma that he has and the acting talent he has similar to even though I think He even though it was still kind of the time stylized at some point as opposed to like what's his face from? Devdas and Oh the original Devdas Me too, I know you're talking about Anyways, him who obviously brought the kind of method. Yes style even though he did at times. Sorry Thank you. Thank you. I appreciate that But you same kind of like I want to I like what I'm seeing. He's really really talented. Absolutely a lot of charisma I mean, I loved his performance in this. I did to him and the kid Yeah, it's young yourself, which was Josh or Sasha. I thought it was great It really does. I'll get on it right now because also I want to talk a lot about Their dad yes, we'll get you all over right now, but we've set up a forum. We'll say it over and over again And it's in all industries But I Understand because we haven't seen all of his work, but whenever we watch coffee with Karen There's always the list that he says and put these actors in order of who you think are the best Mm-hmm, and if Ranbir is in the list Ranbir is number one Yeah, oh, yes always. Yeah, and I don't think it's just because his last name is Kapoor No, I think it's pretty obvious in just the limited exposure that we've gotten to the Kapoor family That this isn't yes, there is favoritism that happens when you're in a family in a family business That's the nature of a family business But if they can deliver on the goods That why would you not want that? Why wouldn't you be why wouldn't you have? somebody like Anybody that's great at what they do and want them to have kids and hope that their kids are as good if not better than them Because what they contributed was so great and it's very very clear that this is a movie making family The likes of which I don't think there is in any Cinema anywhere on earth. Yeah, I can't think of a comparable Hollywood family. Yeah, no, there isn't one maybe In like the producing side of it like who've been in yeah who've been who are like the people behind the money people Money people but in terms of talent making directing star. Yeah, so yeah, I he he he really impressed me Absolutely, not only in his acting in his directing his directing was off the frickin charge It was worse and well as good. Yeah in terms of what they did Let's really talk about this all the time when we ever watch a black and white film What they can do which is why you often don't like it restored or I mean colorized because obviously especially in Hollywood It was made because they were like we can't we can only do black and white So the lighting is made for black and white though and this one I want this one that way because give you for example My bizarre and move a liaison. Those are such epic ornate films. Yeah that colorizing them helps you appreciate what went into the production Design and the ornate-ness of it. Yeah This one doesn't have any settings that are ornate. Well, I might have liked to see that the dream I might have But yeah, but even still I And I like the citizen Kane ask yeah black and white use and his use He's as good with he's as good with black and white and with shadow and with lighting and with angles as Orson Welles ever was if not better. Yeah, and Just some of the moments he captured I don't even know how long he took to get that were so great Just for example this little one when the knife gets thrown and it hits the door Yeah, it hits and some blood drips down and then the door opens. I Don't know if that was serendipitous Or if that's what he wanted and he's like I want the knife to hit and then hopefully we can get blood to drip down Right where the knife hit. I wonder if they like just soaked it. Yeah, just so I think it was it was a soak We're gonna hit it and then hopefully it won't splash. It'll just hit and then drip it Little things like that. I don't know. I did it brilliant. Ah, and just brilliant. I probably should have inches the cinematographer as well Yeah Radu Carmacar forgive. I miss pronunciation. It was also composed by say these names a combo of folks Jaikishin Diabolo Patel. I know I butchered that forgive me Shankar Singh Raghuwanshi and we'll get back to the actors just second, but Man, that was one of the best song sequencer I mean this whole film is full of great songs every single song with it And it's not Nargis and Raj and they had great great songs great songs and great score throughout such calm Flex violin arrangements, but the one that really just steals the show incredible is one of the most amazing sequences I've seen in cinema in cinema especially old cinema unquestionable Mike what they were able to do with the set design Unbelievable the way that was she's in the clouds and he's down in hell He's down in hell and then he gets caught behind the skeletal arms And of course they made wrap around him and he's walking through literal fire Getting into the thing then Raj decides he wants a POV shot from within the thing so that the skeletal arms are in front of camera He did that so many so many times he wanted your POV to be from Raj's his character's perspective it's It's one of the greatest acting directing films. I've ever seen in terms of I It's mind-boggling that he was so good in both aspects. Yeah, absolutely. Yeah that number and if they were's a Production design person. I would name him because yeah, or whoever yeah or her Because this this rivals what I said like Mughal Izzam. Yeah, the Akbar those epic films obviously very different Those are those are historical epic style, but this brought just the same amount of Beauty to some of the sets some of the ones like when they were on water and it was obviously clear It was a backdrop set. Yeah, they built that. Yes, I love. Yes One of my favorite parts of old Hollywood is what the stuff they had to do and they still have to do it But there you're so much more you can do with CGI now that that you can get away with I also know There's probably no footage of this but man what I have loved to have been a fly on the wall To watch how the things worked dynamically on the set and the way that Raj worked with his dad Because at this point his dad's a legend, you know, he's a extraordinarily well-known actor in Indian cinema He was considered as a time to be the most handsome of riveting screen presence. We haven't talked about him yet but I Wondered what it was like. He's directing his dad in this film You know and I wonder what that dynamic was like where he's deferring and offering respect But how much his dad freed him up how much he Asked his dad for help or maybe didn't I would have loved to watch But can we talk about him or do you want to tell you about him or Nargis first? Let's go to Nargis. Let's go to Nargis Nargis Quickly becoming we've seen this is our third. Yeah mother India was first, right? And then there was another one, right? forgetting because I feel like Yeah, I feel like there was another film we saw her in maybe it's just songs that I'm thinking of it can that Case to I just obviously we know mother India was the first one and we were impressed with her in that I Feel like there was another there was a black and white one that we saw her in Maybe maybe not I guess you guys can let us know. Maybe I'm just forgetting anyway, but yeah She's I think she's such a talented actress. I love her with obviously a great screen presence But yeah, she we saw her acting jobs in mother India. Yeah, she freaking just killed that. Yeah, especially in the first half of That but yeah, this one shows obviously a completely different character a different side of her who gets to play like the charming I Almost love interest, but obviously a highly educated Strong which is very different for the time obviously that this film was made And obviously she she stood well up against these other two Raj and And the provot is his name provathi Pretty Raj pretty Raj. Thank you Stands up well against both of them has Phenomenal and I think they were dating at the time. Oh, were they did they date did Raj and and they did for and Nardis date Okay, I thought they did but maybe I'm just wrong But they had great chemistry incredible if they didn't because they were just like there were a couple of moments I was like, you know, some of some of you making films right now or in the past like 40 years You just need to go back and watch they had more chemistry and some of their scenes then Entire full Musical numbers that we've seen from Indian films, but you know the Bollywood films where they try to get sexual tension Where they're you know kiss on the neck and you pull away and the veil comes across and this they didn't need anything But the two of them on screen looking at each other. It was very sensual. It's deeply sensual in 1951 The bathing suit sequence. Yeah, I freaking loved it and her getting undressed behind the thing And then he takes the thing down if we're split second You're like dang did he do that before she was changed?  He goes into kiss her when he's standing behind like I guess it's the sail that was on that boat They were on that they said the sail could the ship could sink and he goes into the the thing with her and then The light goes out right as he's about to kiss her and I just it was so They're very sexy. Yeah, absolutely and another thing that Raj Just think of this one shot It was towards the end where he was singing a song as he just stole the necklace and given it to her Oh, yeah necklace empty box. She came he after he just sang a song it was on the beach She showed up in the back and the shadows were full over and the shadow was over his face. Yes It was a gorgeous shot. Absolutely the way he was able to utilize many shadows in the black and white is Impeccable so many shots the their on-screen chemistry was amazing And you were kind of just invested from the very beginning. Yes, even when they were kids You kind of just stayed invested to these to these two people to the very very end We'll get into the story in a second because let's talk. That's right guys. I Don't know that there's ever been for me a more enigmatic charismatic Magnetizing presence on screen. He does have a very Epic presence and my goodness charisma. Yeah, I mean, I just He's one of those actors Like Daniel Day-Lewis. He just let that you not only just want to watch him think You can't stop looking at them like they could just be eating and you just you're like this He I've he has I mean I already fell in love with him and wiggly is on right Which is crazy that that was almost ten years after this right? Yeah, it should have been before but he I Want to see everything he's ever done because he and I understand that he Founded a theater and this is ridiculous like in a span of 16 years did over 2,000 plays that he was the star in 2000 yes, so it was like a play a week How I I don't know feels like it's not real Well, he did he was he is a thespian and he did create a theater I don't know if that was the exact tally, but that was the the thing that I read. Yeah, I Absolutely Love this man. He's he is everything you could want from a screen actor.  Yeah He is but but all on his principles and and all that kind of stuff Yeah, you get so upset with him But film and that'll get into the story even though I still feel like he was all let off a little too easy Him yeah, the judge. Yeah, of course. I feel like he was let off. That's that's he's supposed to be Yeah, he's the he's the one with the power and the status and the education and the principles Yeah, so he get he gets let off easy while the criminal ends where he's supposed to be in jail Yeah, yeah, obviously, there's the whole social message. Oh my god Well, we haven't even gotten into that. There's quite a few social messages quite a few I guess but yeah the overall story which is three hours long, which is what we said at the beginning of the lesson We expect all these classes no problem at the runtime three hours No problem, especially with what they how they paste it. Well, there's a lot of songs And it's just so pretty to look at it's almost in black and white. It's almost like watching Orson Welles or yeah, it's time to leave inside but black and white. Yeah, everything was just so grandeur so epic And it was just it kind of helped the story just flow along for three hours Yeah, it was just one another testament to yeah, Raj Kapoor and he's directing But yeah, the the overall story I thought was a really good story the the overall message especially there at the end where he was talking about, you know Okay, I'm gonna go to jail But you think that's gonna stop all these other criminals, right that are out there because that's the situation They're put in that have been and for many of them because it has the nature versus nurture aspect Yeah, many of them are there because society has created that you know and continues to perpetuate it and doesn't help It doesn't help which is not only an Indian bro. No, we constantly talk about that in our politics here Just the 1% gets or the rich people get everything they want and they're kind of the middle or the lower class Yeah, it's completely forgotten and then you wonder why they You know are doing some of the stuff that they're doing and yeah, so it's it's a film for the film That was 1950 and it's still relevant for every I feel it sure is it sure is and we not Sweden just yesterday and drawn in and we're driving around and she asked me a question about you know Where because she was she's getting the lay of the land in LA and she recognizes that LA is like a lot of other cities and that The downtown area is and is where it's kind of the slums and the low income and the suburbs are where it's the nice Income and you can see the difference in skin tones as well Hmm, and I said, yeah, that's not a coincidence It's the suburbs were created by rich white people here in the 1950s and 60s They were they were not wanting to have black people live where they live And so they relegated them and put them into the downtown area And that's why you have that and they've done everything they can to keep it that way And it's not just that's not just a it's not an america thing and it's not even just a white thing It's a classist greedy thing and that's why I like this better than citizen cane for a lot of reasons Citizen cane for me is very one-dimensional I think this is so multi-dimensional because it covers so many universal truths and it covers so many strong things, but particularly on the political things Yes, I know this has a very strong socialist message Bernie Sanders, yeah No Let's we don't live in a perfect world and since we don't live in a perfect world Actually socialism is the one that's going to work the best. You know why real quick capitalism doesn't work because people are greedy Communism doesn't work because generosity shouldn't be forced So if you're without those two, you got to have somewhere in the middle And this film does a really great job of pointing out the nature versus nurture two of my favorite lines in the film One is his he's talking to the guy who's going to hire him He says you don't want to employ thieves. Would you rather they keep thieving their whole lives? Yep We do in america if you're a felon.  You can't get an apartment.  You'll never vote again And then this line this line is one of the greatest lines in my opinion in cinematic history So here is our hero, right? Here's raj He's tormented because he he has the the guilt of what he's done And he also knows he's guilty for the crimes But she loves him and he feels like he shouldn't even be loved by her She's like, but yeah, but you feel sorry for what you've done.  Yeah The writing of this Frickin leaveable There was a lot of really great dialogue in this really poetic dialogue, especially between nargis and oh, yeah And then Raj Kapoor, um, but there was any parts you didn't like no There was one that just it was a part that made me laugh I just didn't like it as as much as they liked the rest of the film, which was the mom The her head rapping.   Oh the god. I loved our we didn't talk about him as an actor. I thought he did a great job Playing a bad guy. Yeah, but our our our henchmen, right? And I knew it. I knew that what was going to happen when you got Yeah, uh jogger who's played by can sing did a very good job throughout the whole thing but Andrani happened to be peeking over and watching with me at that time and Raj It's so great because uh, Raj Kapoor. Yeah, Raj Kapoor had the camera right there and he's reaching up at the camera And he goes Totally happy with that. Totally done. I'm bleeding to death. I'm bleeding to death. I'm gone And I I kind of chalked it up to kind of the time It was the time that it was made but yeah, like especially like when the mom got hit by a slow-moving car then they have her head wrapped and and All this kind of stuff was like, I know why you're doing it But at least hey at least Raj, I was like in the directing at least he put her in a really gnarly body position Did you notice that when they stopped camera and went she was really twisted underneath the thing? So he did he did try to make it look worse Didn't credit for that It actually thought the end part uh with them embracing between the the the thing was really I don't go through the chemistry again. Uh, that's that's and that final frame Down to the final I when it ended I I said out loud. I said just perfect The final frame of Raj He's standing and he's looking at the window and the fact that the window was positioned up so high You know, it's it's unattainable. His freedom is always going to be unattainable And he's behind bars and he's locked because the system Is created by people who have a power that isn't built upon anything other than what they want to keep themselves in power And good people get punished for things because they don't have power. Yep. Yeah, they're brilliant Yeah, absolutely everything for about this film is probably one of my favorite classics that we've seen absolutely Obviously, we've seen a bunch of great classics. It's been an amazing month, but especially this month. We haven't seen we've seen all great ones Something different. Yeah, freaking great movies. Yeah, overall I think this is probably one of the overall best no good classic book films that we've seen in terms of directing Acting cinematography writing score everything. It's a very complete actor actress supporting actor supporting actor His third directing film too incredible, and it really is apparently wasn't supposed to be the original director either. I don't know if you read that Uh, oh, yeah, I know first apparently they had a cast that's supposed to be attached cute Uh, which I don't know what casting that you did well this again The fact that you know, I've been interested in theater and film All of my life. I've been you know, I was a member of SAG at four years old. I grew up in the entertainment industry I studied my you know my years of theater in high school I then went as a theater major to cal state north ridge. I taught theater I created a conservatory of fine art You would thank somebody that's supposed to be as educated as I was would have known about a film That freaking good in cinema But no, you know why because it's indian.  Yeah, absolutely phenomenal film. So let us know what should be our next classic In general, but also raj kapoor. Yeah, uh, and uh, gnarly rose and prithee raj all three of them as well For them because I know they've done they did quite a few films together. Yeah, raj kapoor and nargis quite a few I know they did shree 420 as well, which is Doing this kind of cinematic he's carrying the 20 you remind me of one other thing I don't know if you know about this little trivia, but his his prison number Which one his prison number I don't it's 308. I think oh Yeah, his prison number 308 That's the exact article number in the penal code in india that he is charged for for his crime Oh, really? So he so raj or the writer whoever gave the character when they call prisoner number 308 He's given the number of the penal code that he was charged for the crime. Interesting. Yeah, I'm glad I remembered that Let us know what the next classic should be down below