Okay, I think I got the YouTube livestream up and so we're on Facebook and we're on YouTube and as nabangit ko nga dun sa Facebook audience, parang wala naman pangyari ngayon. I just came into the shop because we have over 100 plus orders and kailang ko ipak yung iba para pangdating ng imang stack bukas di sila magbiglan na puca may backlog para tayo ng 100 plus and I thought it would be a good time just to experiment I never found streaming online, usually yung mga videos ko recorded and then may edit So gusto ko nang malaman, pano ba tong streaming through Facebook and streaming through YouTube? The technicals are very bad. I'm not using any mic, I have a very basic lighting setup. If you can see, para sa YouTube, naka basically kumuhala kong dalawang items and then parang siningit ko yung iPad para makastan to make a makeshift stand But anyway, if you have any questions about computers, you can ask them and I'll try to see if I can get to them in the comments or if I can spare a moment to look at it May nagtanong, ano suggestion po na budget mobile sa Ryzen 5 to 600 under 4K? Usually that's the A320M, MSI as a version, Gigabyte as a version That's usually what we recommend for that kind of build at that price Let me just pull up the YouTube and then I will start packing, kasi actually yung buong point nito pagpunta ko sa shop sa linggo para makapak, medyo sideline lang tong live streaming Again, I just wanted to see if we could do it and I will provide commentary on some of the parts that I pack It's good to work. Computer hardware, yung tatlong pinakamahaladong items hardware sugar ngayon ay ang bubble wrap Beginner live tip streaming, you should mute your when you're watching yourself with a live stream, you should mute the audio So you need bubble wrap, you need a very good sharp scissors and you need lots and lots of masking tape So we will get to packing. That's true Thank you, YouTube guy So the YouTube, on YouTube, René commented that you couldn't see my face That's true, thanks for that. Let's see kung... Okay, better na siya ngayon Although you can't see the table now, you can't see what I'm packing So I'll try to keep that in mind So let's get to work Yung mga techware, malata kang mga techware out of stock Sinubukan ko na sa supplier Unfortunately, wala talaga sila mabigay sa amin So we're trying, we're trying as much as possible to get techware cases, the mouse One of the shop mice we use, I don't know if you can see it is a techware, but again, that's also out of stock Yung mga fans nila, yung mga cooling, we're trying to get that also but basically out of stock yung mga techware and but we're trying to get soon as much as possible sana We're packing shop-y items first and the first items are these Muso-muso ngayon yung pagkabit ng vertical display or to display your GPU vertically and these guys alagay to do it but they're only compatible with CM cases I think master case and master box So you need to check Pero pag compatible na siya, sobrang dali na lang ipasokto, ipasok mo sa case mo and then it allows for easy vertical GPU mounting So no modding required which is nice So I will get to work now sa attacking So hardware sugar yung SOP namin is two layers of bubble wrap lahat mo item, sigar des ko maliit, sigar des ko malake two layers talaga yan of bubble wrap and hindi ako yung pinaka maganda namin yung packy skills ko hindi sila yung pinaka neat or yung no medyo hindi naman sabog pero hindi kasing planchado or hindi kasing dinis yung cutting skills ko compared to some of the other guys in the shop but we do have other employees that have worse packing skills so you know, sort of mid-range there To be honest, ako personally ayok ko masyado mo damang bubble wrap kasi plastic lang yan eh siyong damang nang plastic sa environment we should really try to cut back on plastic waste Unfortunately, the customers really really really like bubble wrap So you know, kung wala rin kaming option masyado kaya man, ba sa gusto ni customer ginagawa namin but we are actively looking for ways to reduce our use of plastic and that includes bubble wrap this is very hands-on kami dito sa hardware store so I mean, I don't want to run the shop but I still get my hands dirty packing items checking inventory and things like that so, talagang we are very equal at the shop wala nga, ay di ko kagawa yung yung trabawa na yan parang ganon kung yung work philosophy namin kung may free time ka naman at makatulong ka, help out first layer bubble wrap yung mga 100 plus orders na kami nakatambak from Friday, Saturday and Sunday and mga 70 orders sa lalada and 50 or 40 plus orders sa shopi so kung lahat yung kailangan i-pack Monday morning pakasak yung staff nang pasano isang dan yung orders natin it takes time, you know, to pack orders di lang basabasang di not like, wave your hand tapos na yung orders so di talaga nilang magawa yung 100 plus orders tapos basically have 3 hours or so like 9 to 12 before the career comes kaya, pumasak na rin ako sa linggo para makatulong at masigurado ko na dadating o masisip akagad yung mga pending orders this is not a sharp cause i remember it where is our other scissors hello kaya Ralph Kenneth Braun on YouTube hello din happy Sunday actually itong packing kalaga na ito kaya ito malit pa lang yung hardware sugar i mean, bago pa lang yung hardware sugar malit pa lang kami na store ginagawa ko na ito pero at least ngayon maayos na yung lugar namin maganda yung table may lugar talaga na mag-pack kasi dati sobrang sikit nung lumang shop namin hirap nirap ako mag-pack so we will shift to facebook on, facebook, shout out salamat sa yung konod on youtube somebody taught me how the kids say shout out now somebody on youtube, a commentator said na parong kasi may nakamali he was trying to say shout out kasi naging shout out, so shout out brawn on facebook item done, two layers of bubble wrap you notice, just pretty solid label of this guy with a receipt i think already so this will be picked up by expose and i'm just gonna put it to the side next item is also one of the 3pu vertical kits and these are actually medyo magbenta ng cm vertical gpu so make sure it fits in the expose okay so it does fit in the expose the pouch but just barely but okay nyan so you're just tuning in basically parang technical unang basis ko to mag livestream and basically gusto ko na subukan kung ano ba kailangan sobrang pangit nung technicals ko kaya na like walang mic sobrang basic na lighting it's really a very basic setup but i just wanted to see what needed to be done so we can stream better in the future nasa shop ako ngayon para magpack nung items kasi may 100 plus orders na nakatambak nga 70 plus orders sa shoppy sorry 70 plus orders sa lalada 50 plus orders sa shoppy ngayon nagtatang ngayon mga customer sa nima item ko actually kasi nung Friday Saturday, Sunday in mga orders na to sarado sarado yung hardware sugar kapag weekend sorry kaya nakatambak yung mga orders of course we always want to ship it out asap and that's why I came into the shop para mga tulong sa staff ko patapasit nila sa lunens na poochan, ay ko lang pending orders medyo product medyo product showcase na rin to asalog gima commentary and so the items that I'm packing like the CM vertical GPU kit usong-usong ngayon yung display nung GPU mo vertically kasi usually yung GPU nakak ito yung orientation of motherboard nakaganyan yun yung usually but yung vertical nakaganyan mas kita mo yung size ng GPU although to be honest pang it's just for show performance wise mas maganda pa rin yung horizontal kasi mas maganda yung cooling horizontal usually in the vertical position nakatapat na yung fans ng GPU sa gilid nung motherboard so wala siya makuha masado na air or wala siya mahigok masado na hangin na malamig galing yung sa ibang parts of the case so usually hindi makanda yung vertical mount for cooling so ako medyo performance yung consideration mo I would not suggest vertically mounting your GPU but you know hindi lang naman puro performance yung habon mas computer, di ba? hindi lang mas piting na naka vertical mount and it's true, I mean I like the novelty kakaiba nga siya tingnan yung naka vertical mount the nice feature of this product is na sigurado ka na compatible na siya dun sa cooler master cases I think it's the master case because before kung gusto mo yung vertical mount yung mamod mo pa yan parang you need to cut through the steel or you need to cut through the plastic depending on the material of your case and you know talaga ipapostomize mayan para na nang mga vertical mount niya may mga kits na like this CM kit that allows you to do it much easier than before I don't know kung kita sa camera pero giramit ko yung mga pirapirasong bubble wrap para so again we really don't like generating waste as much as possible as much as possible ayaw namin yung masayang plastic and as much as possible ayaw namin gumamit ng plastic but the customers like a lot of bubble wrap so you know we put two layers talaga per item kayo Darren Francisco actually sobrang nat-attempt talaga ako mag-pop ng bubble wrap ah yung masayang so tinatabi ko nalang eto ka mahirap irresistiyon kasi damit talaga ang bubble wrap ito alright bagong bagong mag-pop this to the side next item is kinda boring but very important lemme get it ng wrapping is a deep cool FH04 basically it's a fan hub you have a lot of fans, they need power because your motherboard run out fan headers on your motherboard this one will support both 3 pin and 4 pin and it gives you additional 4 fans you can plug in 4 fans into the FH04 yung mga gaya ito parang sobrang di mo iniisip when you build beli ka na nung fans, beli ka na nung RGB and the next thing you know wala ka di mo nang mapower yung fans kasi nabusan ka na nung fan headers on the motherboard and then it's a DC chain so this is a cheap and easy way to get more fans to get more power to your fans inside your system quite small actually but very useful it does have a big brother the FH10 which if you're following FH04 as 4 ports the FH10 has 10 ports both also very popular again you'll notice we are using bubble wrap the wastage from the previous previous pack items kasi ayung namin magsayang so even the small items we packed them in 2 layers that yellow stuff I haven't packed any Reynaldo Tan Jr. on Facebook asks wala naman ako wala pa na pack na coorsair but don't worry we'll get to the coorsair items lots of people are doing them I do remember that you bought I do remember that you bought a keyboard from us na coorsair I hope that's what we have for you I'll put it to the side also very popular the NZXT Puck Black what are these things good for you stick them to your case it's a magnet so any metal surface nidigit siya pang pasabit no mga headphones niyo it's actually much bigger I actually found actually saw one of these recently IRL in real life nagula ako na malaki pala siya parang when you look at the box kasi di mo may sip na ganun siya kalaki but when you stick it on the case parang okay siya, look very impressive matagal na namin to nabenta kung si NZXT Puck Black one of the first items I think we ever had on hardware sugar going back to like 2018 and still a very popular item only recently did I see it like with my own eyes yan yung hirap pa minsan sa hardware you don't want to open the item kasi siyempre gusto mo bago pagbubas ni customer yung problema dun hindi po rin alam kung ano ba ang ityura na itong item na to times you know it's only when the customer send us a picture or when the brand gives us gives us items like oh why don't you display this in the shop which ASUS has done and NZXT thanks very much guys that you know it's only when that happens that you can actually see some of the items that we sell since you know may YouTube channel naman yung hardware sugar pangarap pa sana na mga unbox lahat ng mga items na binibenta namin pero yung yung mga items ang mahalin sakit i-unbox tapos di dinan namin mo like may mga ilang motherboard ilang libo ba yan na 14,000 for some motherboard or something ayaw ka naman i-unbox yun para lang sa YouTube broon on Facebook says bakang po mga hulog laptop mo ah, actually medyo na tako niya ako pero medyo secure naman siya dito sa puesto na to chakay po nandi the first time na nang hulog ko siya chakay pwisong mahulog ko siya malalainos yung dating na it's dropping items it's still the FH04 lemi try to get something more interesting for you guys hang on it's still the FH04 but upcoming is the RF140 double pack and Corsair Commander Pro talk about them in a bit pack this thing Andy on Facebook says thank you for answering my question or his question regarding CPU tips no problem if I remember correctly ito yung Ryzen which is a common complaint or concern we've heard from some of our customers short answer hindi naman talaga siya Ryzen people have tried undervolting although I mentioned to another customer or I don't really like undervolting that might cut into the performance basically it runs a little hot that's fine that's really how it is and una kasi yung mga temps na yung ang hirap sokatin based on what we see sa internet kasi yung karamihan nung nagtites nung temps they're in temperate countries like the states or wherever na malamig kaya di ka naka aircon or something malamig yung ambient temperature nila alo naman natin na pagdating dito sa atin malamig karamihan mayinit yung office nyo yung gaming room ninyo so natural mas mayinit talaga yung you'll see hotter temps compared to what you see on the websites like Tom's Hardware or see Gamer's Nexus kasi yung maywasa mayinit talaga sa atin although that said, yes mayinit na makalaga the Ryzen's tend to run hot tapos may may controversy pan na like the past two weeks may controversy na yung ibang X570 mobos parang masyadong Ryzen, it was too much parang go over it yung CPU baka cut into yung lifespan yung CPU although when other people tested it parang medyo tuto nga siya, but wasn't really anything you needed to worry about but there's this whole thing about Ryzen's running hot FH04 Facebook guys I'm gonna switch to YouTube first Josh Rosanto says 20 ATTI unboxing hells no kumakastok kami no 20 ATTI yung custom na di namin ihan boxon unless pinayagan kami ni customer although we didn't have a 20 ATTI if you look on our YouTube one of the featured video I think the featured video is available with a 20 ATTI those are sweet cards those are nice cards this is for the RGB lighting of the Corsair Corsair is like NCX-T parang silang proprietary di mo lang pwede yung saksak yung RGB products nila sa headers ng motherboard other manufacturers like Dico, or Cooler Master pwede mo lang yung saksak directyo sa motherboard kung may RGB header kung may ARGB header but Corsair and NCX-T are kind of snooty, medyo sila na different so they have their own ecosystem and so you do need the Corsair Commander Pro to get to control the RGB of your Corsair fans and things like that to be honest aurang talilito parin ako sa setup di Corsair kasi may Commander Pro may lighting mode there's another one that they put in their cases na parang pinagsama na si Lighting Node siya kung si Commander Pro alam ngayon kung what they call that product so Corsair RGB is a bit confusing but very premium if you get it right and the Commander Pro is actually one of our best sellers a lot of people do buy the Corsair products even though magal sila, magal premium yung price since I'm on the YouTube I'm looking at the YouTube comments yung know na yung sarili kung computer sobrang lumana i5 for 690K with no RGB but I did a video recently where we tried to explore ano ba ang options available kung gusto natin makalung ng RGB sa lumang setup and so you can see that video although basically spoiler alert, magka na mag RGB kung setup, lumalika na nalang bago computer which is what I want to do just to disappear get more bubble wrap again two layers of bubble wrap we get a lot of questions na yung budget ko 35K, 20K, 50K ano bang okay na gaming setup na streaming setup umihao ng pomanhin I don't usually get to reply to those kind of questions unang muna kasi sobrang general nilay 50K but do you need a monitor 50K do you need a keyboard do you need a peripherals tapos medyo haluhal parang gusto nila lahat kaya ng gawin dila gaming, may rendering may editing, may streaming kung baga yung use case of a lot of people is na they want the PC to do it all eto tuto ko lang 20K ang hirap nga baka buon ng desenting gaming computer let alone pa na kaya maganda ang mag streaming um I rarely I rarely get to reply to those questions because una wala kala kasi may stop sa shop so ang hirap naman magsuggest ng build na to ng rig na to tapos kaya nga at the same time the use case is not clear to me kasi ang dami rin ka tanong ng 30K na rig pero kaya nga gawin lahat kaya nga mag streaming kaya nga gaming, kaya nga rendering kaya nga mag edit and those are different things I mean you just can't say ayong gaming PC kaya nga mag streaming kaya nga mag video editing kaya nga mag mag mag have I forgotten anything rendering, editing um streaming, gaming those use cases um need different things, need different parts so ang hirap na parang swiss knife lang na all-in-one na ok na hain like for example yung gaming, actually di mo na kailangan ng maraming RAM nyo ni 16GB, ok na yan na budget 8GB ok na yan pero like for streaming where the computer is doing two things at the same time I mean it's playing a game or recording video and it's streaming it live on the internet you need more RAM for that or you need a capture card pero kung magsuggest ka ng capture card datadw yung presyo ang budget mo mo 20K, 25K lang ang hirang talaga magsabi but in general if you need for anything computer you need more RAM yun talaga yun for gaming kung single application sa computer mo parang single use lang yung application, let's say when you're gaming you only have that game running when you're surfing you only have youtube running or you know when you're working you only have excel or word really 8GB is fine 8GB at the most because ok na yun but for streaming without especially kung wala pang capture card 32GB would be good heavy duty editing will also need a lot of RAM prefer BNSSD yun mander pro Kim Ovejas on youtube says good vibes as far as shout out salamat thanks for watching good vibes, shout out or as I learned on youtube, shout out yun yung gusto ngayon shout out Kim Ovejas asks ka mo sa business sir ok naman, makakapagod shout out to be honest, sobrang hirap magkaro ng stock mong items pala nga kami ang pang follow up sa mga supplier na ay sir mayan ba? may may GPUs na ba kayo kasi nakakayas ng customer tatawin nila kami anamang GPU available yun nyo you guys want to know what GPU we have left on stock wait, I'll get it for you my friends is the only graphics card hardware sugar acid stock GT 1030 walang problema sa GT 1030 it's a good card but it's not a performance card anymore sobrang luma na ng card na to I mean not the item, the item is brand new but the specs of the card are really really old so medyo nga hiya ako na pala'y kong pinapag ang hardware sugar gusto namin sobrang cutting edge na tech sobrang gata ng hardware medyo hi-end, medyo premium pero yung yung graphics card lang namin available ngayon GT 1030 so bahas business, medyo ok naman pero yun nga ang hirap makakapunghanong parts basic parts like motherboard GPU CPU kahit sa mga even for us na in mo retail shop talaga ang hirap mga kuha may part shortage talaga because of COVID naipit sa customs naipit sa shipping whatever hirap talaga mga kuha ngayon kaya mga paki na is the RF140 so these are 140mm RGB fans by Deepcool sobrang sulit ng mga to if you are looking for RGB na ok ang preyso Corsair to be honest medyo mahal NCXT medyo mahal yan Deepcool offers good quality products at a reasonable price this particular RF140 comes in a double pack itong item na to, 240mm fans kung makuha mo if you are familiar with Deepcool you might be asking RF ang RF ay RGB fans ang CF mga ARGB fans yan and so now you are wondering ano ba yung difference ng RGB and ARGB di ba parayo na silang RGB actually do want to do a video on this, the difference between ARGB and RGB but in a nutshell kasi to be honest alito din na ho sobrang yung datin we have to do research like what items should we buy for the shop because dami RGB so but then we have to figure out itong product na to, RGB itong product na to, ARGB what's the difference I will tell you after I buy this guy na next items oh we are done with the shop exposed items and na din yung Javan ano ba yung pakaiba ng RGB and ARGB this product is the M Desk F3 also by Deepcool and di siya pang di siya like gaming whatever, gaming hardware but it's super useful basically it's a table you want to put your laptop on it you want to put your monitor on it it's a laptop or monitor stand the F3 is the highest end may F1 or F2 kasi F3 may USB slot integrated into the desktop which plugs back into your desktop so you don't have to bend down to plug a USB into your desktop para may naisaksak nito derecho and again this is a very popular item with us especially ngayon na andami nag-work from home so people are looking to improve their work set up medyo hasil lang to ipak kasi ang haba niya tarong sa YouTube sorry ko sa YouTube hindi ko na makita sino na nang talong but may nag-talong kung sa tingin ko ba babalik ba yung prices to pre-COVID levels kasi may nga sobrang tumas yung part kasi may nag-talong kung if they will go back to normal eventually not anytime soon kaya tumas ang mga pre-COVID parang systemic kung baga na affecto ang yung boong system hindi lang yung distributors dito sa atin pato yung mga manufacturers sa China sa Taiwan tapos hindi lang tayo medyo small market tayo sa Pilipinas like, for example, si EVGA I know for a fact yung priority di EVGA ngayon sa North America so lahat mo mga available items nila pinapadilan nila dun sa North America for that market so koawa na tayo na ipit tayo dito and that goes back to the question kung babalik ba to normal prices yung mga components kasi yung yung the whole system was affected and the whole world was affected so just to get things back to normal will take a lot of time and there's a lot of backlog backlog sa manufacturers backlog sa shipping may mas malaki markets na mas priority na mga manufacturers yung yung yung yung states like Europe para boba yung mga pre-COVID ulit balik sa dati yung supply yung problema yun nga hindi natin alam kailan yung mga iyari kasi alaki talaga nung taman COVID sa boom system the manufacturing system the distribution system and the retail system so in my humble opinion unfortunately medyo matagal-tagal pa bago bumalik sa dati yung mga prices sabi ko unfortunately yung hardware sugar na gawenta ng hard-comp PC components parang mas okay sa amin na matas yung pre-show pero kailang naman tumataas yung pre-show namin kasi tumataas namin yung pre-show ng mga supplier I've had at least one major supplier already telling me sir, bilik ka ngayon kasi sabi ni boss kataas nyo yung pre-show like within the next two weeks or something so just because our prices go up doesn't mean that tumataas din yung kita namin tumataas lang din yung pre-show namin kasi kailang namin mga bawe yung higher cost nung items dun sa supplier I mean if I had my way sana boomalik na nang sa dati para may stock ulit na mga Ryzen may stock ulit na mga Intel high-end may stock ulit ng GPU kasi ang hirap ngayon yes mas matas na yung price nung ibang items pero hindi kami may mga build and again, this is another thing na yung hiya ako sa mga customer may magkatalong na sir, may mga build 50K Ryzen build R5, 3,600, 3,600X and then I have to say na sorry, wala't lag ako yung parts tapos para kong restaurant na wala ang pagkain ng mga venta di ba kung wala akong CPU wala kung motherboard anong kasing ang computer shop di ba so medyo kayakalaga ako when I have to tell people and I have to tell people all the time that, you know, I'm sorry we can't build kasi wala kami yung parts we're still maintaining bakin lang, sana boomalik na sa dati pero tingin ko hindi ang mga niyari anytime soon because this COVID thing is really you know, it's real please take home if you can or from home kung kaya kasi mahirap nangayon and medyo matagal-tagal pato kung COVID na to actually I read an interesting study sa states na the bank's track purchases basically it's yung yung ginawa na mga banko, siget nagbubokas na kaya yung ibang restaurant makita natin yung customer data kung nagdainin ba sila sa mga restaurant and according to those banks they track the the rise of in-store restaurant dining experience or dining people dining in at restaurants and in two weeks napansin nila tumas yung number of people dining in restaurants and in two weeks later napansin nila na tumas yung places ng COVID so just based on that bank study parang it's risky to eat to eat at a restaurant personally I don't do it I do know people in the restaurant business di ko raman sinasabi na dapat takasaray yung restaurant pero just be extra careful and kung kaya mag-tick out ka na lang di ba? take out is the best of both worlds you get the restaurant food pero safety ka sa bahay and if you're wondering why I'm doing the live stream at automask it's because there's nobody else here with me at the shop ako lang yung nang dito kung bug lang may nakikaka sa likod ko mag-comment kayo sa mag-comment kayo sa live stream kasi that would be scary kung big lang may tao lang yung tao sa likod ko so there's nobody here that I need to be safe from or that I need to protect so I'm not the mask I mentioned F3s it's real pain in the ass to and the problem with iPad is I always forget to put the receipt along with the item and I need to open it again to put the name of this guy I think I might need to buy the shop a new marker so here's how your sugar all items come with the receipt kung nakalimutan namin malamang ako yung napaknon kasi yung na medyo mabinsan I'm ready ko naman lahat ng receipt para na nakalimutan kong ipaso sorry Facebook okay the Facebook feed just went down okay sorry Facebook guys that should work that's it for the shoppy orders it's now time to do the lazada orders I'm gonna shift to Facebook now YouTube guys see what's going on on Facebook back on Facebook pick up myself okay wait lang I need to chop up the barcodes for lazada oh shoot chop up some stuff that I should not have what's going on here yan yung thing na hindi nakita nung maraming customer or hindi nakita ni customer um so many paper work sa shop you're selling online or you know it's just inventory many paper work dami mga kailangan ayusin mga receibo kasi sana puro I mean I have my sugar right okay it's just about cool tech you get the nice hardware you sell it properly okay na yun pero actually a lot of the job is delay with paper work like this and das yung kailangan ay print kailangan ay pick it properly kailangan yun nga yung mga receibo na kailangan ay pasok sa item and so that's like the unsexiest thing the unsexiest problems you could possibly have paper work pero yun kailangan nga yung let me just okay so it's about the difference between ano ba yung pagkaya ba nung ARGB and RGB um yung RGB kasi both of them you can control the lights but yung sa RGB yun na babago lang yung they're all in a circuit on the RGB so once you when you change the lights of that RGB you're controlling it per circuit so all of the LEDs on one circuit that's what you control with the ARGB you can control individual LEDs so mas makanda yung transitions the ARGB because you have much finer granular control over the LEDs kung makasalang ARGB may set of five may set of six LEDs kailangan one light you change that pagpalik mo sa ARGB lahat yung magabago lahat nung aning na yung dun sa circuit na yung pero with ARGB pwede mo palitan individual LEDs dun sa aning na yung um so you can imagine there's much finer control in the in the transitions or the color vibrancy or whatnot of the for ARGB ARGB or A kasi addressable RGB otherwise known as digital RGB um so may capi sticks up anyway okay did some did a booboo may put that aside first um so yung balita doon sa RF 120 or RF series nidikul versus yung CF series nidikul yung RF na RGB so yung control mo sa LED per circuit lang I don't know how many LEDs the RF 120 fan has but let's say for example 10 when you change the color on that RGB the whole circuit changes yung sampo na yung pagpalit mo from red to green lahat nung na sa circuit na yung all of those 10 will go from red to green um sa ARGB you have control over the individual LEDs so kung sampo dun sa um kung sampo yung LEDs dun sa circuit then you can control like 1, 3 and 5 palit ka to green pero 2 4 and 6 palit ka sa white parang ganon um yung konsekuensin dun dahil dun imbaren yung RGB headers kasi yung RGB uses 12 volt for pin um the header on the motherboard will be for pin for ARGB it's 5 volt 3 pin so actually you're actually using less power for ARGB systems um yung isang konsekuens nung you can't daisy chain as much ARGB items basically they run out of juice faster kasi yung you're only pushing 5 volts through that rather than 12 volts and yung masakit pa dun if you plot with ARGB into RGB there's a strong chance you're going to fry or destroy masisiram mo yung RGB product sorry masisiram mo yung ARGB product kasi hindi siya hindi niya kaya yung higher voltage nung RGB alright let's get to our first case h510 white this is for lazada and I do need to write your seat and again there's a lot of paper work involved in running a shop actually this is why hindi ko rin binanggit sa kung baka wala akong heads up sa inyo nang maglalive stream ako kasi na isip ko medyo boring yung nagawa ko na papak lang items may paper work magawan mo recebo so you know i don't want to hike it up and you know bore everybody na you know these guys just rambling and packing stuff yun yan gusto ko lang saan na sabukan yung live streaming kaya medyo sinadya ko talaga no consequence walang build up walang paalamuna na ay guys panorin mo ako na do live stream ako kasi i just want to you know to try it out and to experiment with the techniques ang may kailangan para mag live stream and things like that so this is a very low risk endeavor yung plano lang talaga is magpack and medyo makuento gusto ko sa hardware so that's why I didn't hike it up let me get the case first case for the day NDXT H510 white NDXT case is very popular the aesthetic parang yung dating nila yung look nila patok na yung talagang dami na ganap ng NDXT cases the 510 is the same as the 510i which we used to carry except the i version the i version comes with a smart because it's a smart device v2 controller which allows you to control NDXT RGB the 510 in the exact same case without that smart device so lang di siya RGB compatible out of the box usually we use to stock the 510i because I don't want to confuse people na may difference in 510, 510i yung bilin malalang yung 510i malamang gusto mo rin yung RGB but we ran out the supplier our supplier ran out of 510i but he was like pero meron ba kaming 510 and so I'm like sure it was the 510 NDXT premium brand pero sa totoo lang, to be honest NDXT as a brand has been very good to us again they've lent us RGB products that we use in the shop you can't see it but the large mouse pad of one of our staff is also NDXT and we have sold a lot of their products talagang dami na nabenta dami na nabenta na NDXT product kasi hindi lang cases yun you saw the NDXT pack you saw the NDXT pack which I packed earlier we love to sell their AIOs we sell their cases just hit my laptop with scissors so we sell a lot of their stuff hindi naman sa pag mamaya banga pero we sold so much NDXT stock na yung mismong parang branch or yung country head nila dito nagtanong ano ba tang sinapatong hardware sugar na bilang na lang out of nowhere dami nabenta na NDXT products so yung background I am a fan of of NDXT I think they make good products they've been very good to the shop they're popular items kasi totoo lang hindi ko masyadong gusto yung cases nila yung aesthetic yung maganda magbin sa loo very roomy they have a lot of nice touches hindi na sisira kamay mo trying to get the parts in and stuff like that pero yung aesthetic nila how they look to be honest personal opinion hindi ko lang talaga trip I describe it to customers it's a very European aesthetic very clean very austere ang linis na tingnan tiyat mo brang popular nito mga white nilang cases kasi ang linis na tingnan ang very very organized hang on somebody's calling me nasa siya pa ako ngayong los tawagan tita mamaya mga isang orasa ah okay sigil sorry I got a call I got a call we're back now and I was just telling you guys na personally hindi ko siya talagang hindi ko trip yung aesthetic nya we describe it to customers it's very clean European looking aesthetic pero for me just on a personal level mas gusto ko na mas may aggression I want my case to look a bit more aggressive ay matado kasi it looks nice but parang it looks very good boy it looks very the NGXC aesthetic like in the H cases it's very clean yun nga but parang wala masyadong a ming siya kasi sabihin ko na medyo boring tingnan para sa aking na it really doesn't do it for me maybe for the H510 Elite NGXC H510 Elite kasi parang opened glass yung harap so kitang kita mo yung kitang kita mo yung dalawang RGB medyo kakaiba but for the regular H series di ko masyadong gusto yung aesthetic the NGXC cases are very popular and and no kung yun yung trip mo wala problema we do believe in the brand that's why we stock them regularly and yun yun masayasap PC parang kanikanyang kanikanyang ilig kung gusto mo yung ibang kind of case di gusto mo yung ibang kind of look then no problem kasi di ka yung case na bagay doon sa look na gusto mo problem when I pack keep forgetting where I put the so yes the NGXC cases are very popular so yun ang my personal opinion aside probably in the minority and again no I have no problem I think they are very clean look yun nga again yun notice all packing is two layers of bubble wrap for all items yes usually mayjo safety ka na doon sa two layers of bubble wrap I almost forgot to receipt again hirap talaga fortunately di pa talagang sealed di pa sealed yung packing para sugar medyabili big deal namin yung cases kasi katingin namin yan yung di ba kung baga yun yung that's the primary way of interacting with the computer yun yung yun mo naki ita yung closure pagpintot na sa power para makoan di ba so the case we feel has a lot of it improves your connection to the computer parang mas na if you really like your case and you customize it parang mas mas may sense of ownership ka sa computer mas malapit ka sa computer mo kasi yun nga yung like ka look you customize it it's the first thing that you interact with when you have to use your computer so we really try as much as possible to have a wide variety of cases para may mapiliyan si customer here is the first to be honest so parang hirap ng pack ng mga cases kasi ubigat sila tuner sa bubble wrap kailangan so medyo hassle sila let's pick a DC item like the Puck Black yes so this is a lot of customer ordered two Puck Blacks another busy question that we get a lot or na gita ko palagi sa YouTube is pwede mo pa ipagsama yung SSD saka hard drive or HDD sa isang system and I'm curious bakit saan po tong galing kong tamong na to bakit hindi why why would you think hindi pwede anyway yes it's possible there's no no problem if you do that my own rig has two SSDs and one hard drive in it and yun I mean one of the issue one of the problem so as your mobo as the necessary SATA connectors so the necessary M.2s depending if that's the SSD you got then there's really no problem if you mix hard drives and SSDs in one system kasi yun kaya nakatakala na po saan ba yun galing bakit ba why wouldn't you not be able to mix them together and again you notice we're using as much of the old bubble wrap as possible kasi ayan namin mo sayang so for lazada unlike shopee you need to buy the bags from them malaking issue to malaking issue malaking issue to sa mga lazada cost lazada sellers kasi nisip nila pucha nagbenta na kami sa lazada tapos kailangan pa namin bayaran kailangan pa namin bilin yung pouches and maraming nainis doon well for me it's the cost of doing business yung new requirement kaya mo sumunod nga ka nang magawa on lazada for around 18 18 months nagsamila kami ng december 2018 pero igunang benta namin naka benta kami finally january 2019 one month later and if you notice the post yesterday's poster the post two days ago na finally mabot kami sa level 7 the seller pero nga sobrang that was a long time coming and yung ang matabalo parong habot na level 7 and it's really the not sexy things like this na packing the items doing your seats coming in on a sunday so that you can you know you're ready for the career on monday check some of the facebook comments ken asks hyper x quadcast we do not have arctic 7 wireless na steel series same guy by ken we also don't have and everybody saverate kailang mag-re-stop yung deckware we do not know yung yan we're waiting for we're waiting for our supplier to give us some stuff pero in fairness at deckware malsobrang mabenta yung mga items nila kaya another mdesk f2 f2 so kailin na pinakita ako yung f3 na mdesk ito yung yung lower mas mas basic na version yung mdesk f2 mabenta pa rin kasi yung nga it serves the same purpose like a laptop stand slash monitor stand but this one doesn't have the USB built-in USB and I'm not going to be an idiot this time I'm going to put the receipt already inside na yung nagtanong sa YouTube comments ko ane yung mas okay Intel or AMD to be honest I really find it hard to recommend Intel right now for 4 months like bang for your buck AMD basically has the crown it has really good performance at a really good price if you're attached to Intel as a brand because in datin yung computer Intel and then every time magpagawa ka ng computer gumawa ka ng computer Intel ka then by all means we're stick Intel stick with what you're comfortable with but usually what I recommend to customers is that kung wala ka naman favorite talaga it's really hard to recommend Intel right now sobrang bang for your buck good performance ba aliyo yung yung AMD and yes, some people will argue that mas maganda yung you're running a single application like nag-gaming ka lang mas maganda pa rin performance yung Intel I mean yes sometimes that's true but yung yung value for money ang hirap talagang sabihin mas okay yung Intel so I'm a I again I have no favorites here with hardware sugar parayo namin naman still stock yung AMD still stock rin namin yung Intel but if a customer asks for my opinion I will usually recommend AMD I can't think of a use case where well I can't think of a use case where I recommend Intel of course kung yung yung gusto ni customer usually may on stock naman kami gusto na problema kung gusto niya mag-build na Intel yung gamit but again yung yung if you're just asking for my opinion it's hard to recommend Intel at this point and don't get me wrong sobrang dumaki ako Intel yung gamit ko medyo matanda na ako pero yung punang-unang PC sa bahay 486 di pa pent yung 486 I forget yung megahertz yun pero Intel Intel CPU nung wala kong AMD nung na yung 486 days tapos may turbo button para sa case para may turbo button para bumines di ko rin na nang silbinog na yung nakaon na lang yung palagi but anyway the first computer we ever had at home was a 486 that was Intel and then we graduated to a Pentium Pentium series and yung personal PC ko sa bahay sobrang dumana pero sobrang ok pa i5 4 690K na Intel so don't get me wrong I have bought from Intel before and I support them pero yung in my honest opinion if customers ask it's really hard to recommend Intel right now yung product sila parang sobrang sobrang competitive yung AMD so much so na tin ko sila yung market leader talaga ngayon Intel is a lot of catching up to do so Intel or AMD usually recommend AMD sa GPU that's different usually I recommend Nvidia parang the the experience with Nvidia is yung more polished especially ngayon yung problema ng AMD sa Big Navi or yung mga 5600 XT cards 5700 XT hindi naman lahat pero may mga nag-apport mga driver issues kasi mga naba natin customer na we've sold 5600 XT in at least one rig and we had a lot of problems with the drivers it was really kind of facile to figure out and you think they you think they get it fakes flashing the bios flashing the bios would make everything okay hindi flashing the bios is not a sure thing not a sure thing you get it to work receipt understand that yung YouTube recommended liquid cooling or air cooling and this is a very you know, marami yung magagawa ito kong dito pero long story short I think the data suggests na bang for your buck mas efficient yung air cooling usually kasi yung mas mahal on the average yung liquid cooling and we're just talking about AIOs we're not even just talking about custom liquid cooling so performance yung air cooling nakatapat it's just the same or even better than a comparable AIO or all-in-one liquid cooler so pero mas cool kasi tingnan yung liquid cooling and I get it I get it na mas makalating na yung AIO kasi may CPU block or yung parang regulator parang sa spuban nakatach doon sa CPU and yung of the radiator which you can put RGB on so I get it there's a yung yung mas makalating na yung AIO mas mas mas mabangis tingnan pero yung yung just performance wise again dependian sa customer kaya ang hirap na mga tanong nag-enito na ano yung mas okay AMD or Intel ano yung mas okay liquid cooling or water cooling kasi iba iba yung needs nung customer iba iba rin yung gustoni customer kung Intel fanboy ka and yung maputulan ka ng kamay bago ka sumali sa team red and yung no problem di Intel ka you have an emotional attachment to the brand you have good memories to the brand you only trust them I mean those are all valid considerations and then by all means stick with Intel but just and that's why I always just go back to numbers or on a main performance base performance base it's hard to recommend Intel bang for your buck it's hard to recommend liquid cooling air cooling still provides the better performance at the better price point and hindi nga ganang ka astig tingnan yung mga coolers yung mga CPU air coolers like tinaman lang yung Noctua Noctua sobrang okay in performance but they're infamang sort of like kind of brown like brown like brown like um you know their brown fans kaya sobrang nagwalaing mga tao big lang may chrome max nakablak lang yung Noctua fan big lang sobrang imong glass doon but um those coolers are excellent coolers and yet you know they they're very massive looking and the fans themselves are super good performance but the aesthetic is you know it's some people don't like the aesthetic personally I have a Noctua cooler original rig I have no problems with the aesthetic although kasi yung mga yung sobrang lumalang PC ko kaya wala rin naman siya pagpaki sa aesthetics in general We've ordered the Csonic Focus GX650 since the 660W 80 plus gold rated PSU and it's fully modular and it's very popular we sell a lot of it as well because Csonic is actually a very good brand Csonic is one of the few PSU manufacturers that actually manufacture their own PSUs when you think kapag inisip mo kasi PSU inisip mo Corsair Cooler Master Antec silo ABGA pero marami sa mga PSU manufacturer marami sa mga PSU brands hindi talaga sa inisip mo yung gumagawan PSUs nila They just outsource the manufacturing process to somebody else and Corsair is like that Corsair is a super well known brand pero hindi sila yung gumagawa talaga nung sarili nilang PSUs but Csonic is one of the few brands that actually manufactures manufactures some of its PSUs Personally bago namin tinayong yung hardware sugar never kong narinig tong Csonic nato I didn't know the brand ming alam ko lang talaga quality PSU ay yung Corsair and when very early on sa hardware sugar kaya ko lang nalaman tong Csonic kasi may customer na nagtanong boss may may Csonic ba kayo in stock and so dun ko lang nalaman nga nabatong Csonic nato nilang nalaman kasi turn out to be nga sobrang ok siya na brand and we sell a lot of them ay nang pangbabura that happens a lot na wala kung alam subod sa brand wala kung alam subod sa particular item tapos may customer na maghanap ay may monitor baka yung ganito may yung RGB converter ganon din yung deep cool RGB converter na may best seller din namin no idea at all kung ano yung tapos may naghanap tapos medyo na curious ako ano ba tong item nato so medyo yung nga may naghanap so na curious ako sa item and then research research yung nga ba silang boss supplier nito sa atin yung Csonic naging best seller namin dito yung deep cool RGB converter naging best seller din yung pero yung Csonic PSUs usually hodang problema atong ato they rarely give a headache in terms of warranty or things like that yung deep cool RGB converter yun medyo masailan yun what that product does is let me show you what I'm talking about deep cool RGB converter if you follow our YouTube we made a video about it what it does is let's say may ARGB kang component pero RGB lang yung header sa motherboard mo saksak may ARGB dito dabas sa kabilan dulo saksak mo sa RGB header sa motherboard tapos maggamit mo na yung ARGB component so parang digital RGB to RGB header 5 volt 12 volt converter so best seller din yung deep cool RGB converter yung problema masailan talaga siya hindi mo masabi kailang gagana kailang hindi it only works with some products not all the time deep cool itself also doesn't have a good list on anong items na compatible anong items na hindi so we have to tell the customers to buy at your own risk din namin masabi kung compatible ba yung sa system or hindi so medyo sa kit sa ulo yung deep cool RGB converter especially if you get customers na malino naman to buy at your own risk and then just to panglay balit hindi nga, one and doubt don't buy it and that's what we tell our customers din namin masabi if you're not comfortable running that risk then don't buy it simple lang and actually yung isapang kwentong tapos na deep cool RGB converter na yan last year to it nagbenta kami sa naglada and then normal transaction paid for it we sent it out and then biglang sabi ni customer din nga nakuha yung item nakuha ni yung item yung box pero pagbukas nyo yung box wala naman wala yung RGB converter sa loob it's basic it's customer what the hell we don't inspect the item so when you get from the supplier inspect them randomly let's say maybe 1 out of 7 1 out of 10 kasi kagang hirap kung inspect mo 1 by 1 imposible kailagang 1 by 1 pangalawa ayaw yung customer kasi pag gating kay customer bukas na the seal is broken sometimes the the ESD bag the anti-static bag which the motherboards come in or sometimes the hard drives come in yung bukas na yung deba yung you can't open those without di mo buksan yun na yung di halata sa customer so we don't so like for this deepware RGB converter di na namin di na namin buksan yun bago namin binita we think it's better for the customer and kasi sila yung una kagang mga makakabukas and palawa we trust our suppliers to sell us proper stuff so medyo nagduda ako sa customer na to na sinasabi niya na wala siya nakukahan na item pero sabi ko siya benefit of the doubt belikan ko siya ng cool refund pakatapos noon mga 2 days later nagposterin si customer sa isang PC group na for sale yung deep cool RGB converter di namin masabi na yun nga yung sa amin galingin sa amin pero what are the odds na belilim mo yung item sa amin and then pakatapos noon sabi mo wala ka na tanggap na item nagbigay kami ng full refund and nabigla na lang binita mo yung same item or you know that I don't know if that's the same model but you know that that same item on a different Facebook page so manamang 99% chance na scam kami doon doon sa deep cool RGB converter and yes, pwede mo yung kabulin pero kasi yun nga may may evidence kami na we sent item and then you claim na di mo nakanggap pakatapos minigay kami ng full refund then 2 days later biglang nagbabeta kami ng same item actually nisa ko nga naparang ipasting operation na kami bibili nung item somebody not related to hard ratio guard siya yung mang bibili nung item para mag-double check kami sa records na itong serial number EBC itong may nga bentalo sa customer na yun but you know I mean it's a lot of effort and consensual yun I mean you know good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people kung ganun ka na tao man you'll get what's coming to you maybe not from us but from somebody else eyan so poitong poitong na to medyong hassle yung deep RGB converter na yun but on a deeper point it's that we trust our customers if you tell us the item is broken when you got it we'll believe you di namin alam pagdating yung lazada item sa yun maling namin na nangulob mayun maling namin siyaksak mo you know in a place where we should have stuck it in and kaya na sira but if you let us know if you tell us that you got the item broken we will believe you and we will operate under that assumption that our customers are trustworthy and that we believe them when they claim that something is broken pero malamang dun sa insensiyong naskam talaga kami dun okay guys mapafayo o clock na and marami pa akong kailangan therefore I'm going to end this live stream because I need to concentrate on packing I'm not that bright I can't do I can't maintain a running monologue and then pack quickly at the same time di kaya nang utap ko so ito yung tau na unang live stream ni Hardware Sugar both on Facebook and on YouTube parami salamat na you took the time some of you I don't know how long you stayed whether it was five seconds or five minutes pero marami salamat na sinama mo ako sa lingun ato sumama ka sa akin sa lingun ato doing boring things like making out receipts pooch lagis seeing over receipts I forgot to put it in inside the the PSU that I just packed so I'm gonna need to open it up again now but thanks so much for watching maybe we'll do something like this in the future mas planchado and maybe like somebody monitoring the live stream so we can actually somebody can tell me like what the questions are we do actually want to have a regular like show maybe like every Thursday night where puwede ka magtanong kung ano ba yung mga PC questions mo tapos hindi lang naman ako kasi to be honest medyo technical ako pero hindi ko talaga kabisa di mga sobrang niti gritty mga sobrang nuts and bolts noong technical hardware so we'll get regular guests na talagang kabisado nila yung hardware and yung iba-iba may AMD expert may Intel expert and things like that so idea palan yun pero tina natin if you like what we did here please let us know if you didn't like it if you thought the sound was bad pause nang ako sa kakasigaw kasi alam ko na external mics lang yung gamit wala wala audio wala 2.9 audio talaga but I do apologize yun nga baguhan lahat obago first time to do it we just wanted to try and yun thanks for watching thanks for joining me on sleepy Sunday afternoon so tag like every video it's like what's up internet pero yung outro ko hindi ko pa na isip to be honest but usually I just end up thanking people thanks for watching and I really do mean that kasi it's weird for me that you know there are people that would take the time you know have an interest in the shop and you know what hardware we have and what would you recommend sobrang panibago yun and you know I do appreciate your time in watching and leaving comments you know leaving a thumbs up and things like that so sir mam thanks for watching


And the six students and two staff of Nohub and Mali Polytechnic in Zaria, where we abducted a month ago, have been released. The school's authorities say that we had dropped off on Thursday night following negotiations. A spokesman for the school did not say if ransom was paid. And all eight were abducted and from their school on June 11. One student was killed during the incident. Hello, hope you enjoyed the news. Please do subscribe to our YouTube channel and don't forget to hit the notification button so you get notified about fresh news updates.


Okay, so this is lecture 31, but we are going to be continuing from where we left off. Hopefully all of you remember this picture, okay, so this is the, well, this is not supposed to come. Okay, so this is the trellis on which we have been decoding convolutional code, the four state convolutional code, right? So the 1 plus d plus d square and 1 plus d square, the convolutional code and we came up to the third stage where something interested started to happen, okay. So I was looking at the first state, right, after stage 3, okay, stage 0 after stage 3, okay. So if you look at that, you see there are two possibilities now. The first time, you are getting two paths coming into state 0, one from the previous state 0, another from the previous state 1, okay. So now you ask the question from state 0 before stage 1 to state 0 after stage 3, okay, that is the, those are the paths I am concerned about, which is the path of minimum metric, okay. So if you ask that question, then all you have to worry about is out of all the paths that came through state 0 in the previous stage and state 2 in the previous stage, you have to pick out that path which has the minimum, okay. So then you go to state 0 and then you see it is a really simple problem because one part has only one branch, okay and that is very easy thing to do. So you look at the minimum weight, minimum metric path at state 0, which is a 3.24 metric path and the minimum metric path at state 2, a state 1 which is a 7.64 metric path, okay. So out of, from these two paths, you try to join a branch to come to state 0, okay. You can either join the top branch or the branch below. So you see if you join the top branch to the previous state 0, you get a total metric of 4.3 which is smaller than the metric you would get if you chose the other branch so you pick that path, okay. So you use the same logic for every single state, okay, you have to do it for every single state, okay. So that is also quite important, okay. So let us go to the other branches, I do not know if someone has been industrious enough to go back and work out the branch matrix for the other branches. If you have not done it, please do it now, 0.5, 0.1, tell me what the branch matrix are for the other branches. So you have to compute only two branch matrix, right, one for plus one, minus one and the other for minus one, plus one, right, you compute for those two and then you can just put it in each of these places. What is for the top branch, what is the metric for the, I am sorry, 3.06 for which one? The topmost one here, you get 3.06, so why am I not happy with that? 3.06, it is fine, okay, I guess I should be happy. What about the next one, the one below, I am sorry, 5.46, yeah, I am happy with 1.46, that seems like a, so the next one is also 1.46, then 3.06, okay, do you get that, okay. So then you repeat the same process for the other two states, okay, so which one would you pick? This one will clearly be a winner, okay, and for this, again, this one would be a winner, okay. I am going to ask a few questions now, okay, so we come up to this stage, we will stop here, I am going to ask a few questions now, okay. If you have to enumerate all the possible paths starting from stage 0 up to the end of stage 3, how many different paths will you get, okay. One answer is 4, okay, any other answer? If you have to enumerate all the paths, forget about metric, all the paths, how many paths do you have, all the valid paths, yeah, of course valid paths, valid paths but I do not care about minimum metric, maximum metric, nothing, just give me a total number of paths, how do you compute that, so do not worry too much about it, see every path corresponds to a code word, so all you have to do is compute the total number of code words, how do you compute the total number of code words, total number of code words equals the total number of messages possible, right, so all you have to do is find out how many different messages can you have up to stage 3, okay, how many different messages can you have, 8, right, 8, there are only 3 message bits, 8 possibilities, so you should have 8 different paths, valid paths corresponding to valid code words up to stage 3, at the end of stage 3 you should have 8 different paths, what I have actually done now is I am telling you that the paths that are in red ending in each of those 4 states, how many of them are there, only 4, I have already eliminated 4, the other 4 paths I will not consider, I do not have to consider ever again, right, why is that true, because the same logic once again, the path of minimum metric has to flow through one of these 4 states after stage 3 and it is enough if I look at the minimum path that comes to each of these states, okay, because if the path of minimum metric goes through a particular state I can split it into 2, right, that is the logic, so you use the same logic over and over again, you get very simple results out of that, okay, so you have only 4, okay, so let us do one more, okay, just to go through this rigorous exercise, just do one more and you will see one more interesting thing that is happening, if you do one more state, okay, so what are the metrics here, 1.64 plus 3.06, what is that, 4.7, right, this one here is 6.7 and this one here is 3.1, okay, so you write down the metrics, those metrics are called the state metrics after stage 3, so on, okay, so do for one more and we will stop, sorry, is that the question? I am sorry, yeah, I will give you, yeah, so you want to receive vector values, okay, so I will just pick, I will pick the easiest one, pick 0.5 minus 0.5, this was easy, no, this was easy, right, so we will pick just 0.5 minus 0.5, okay, top 4 or 2.5, everybody agrees, what about the bottom 4, 0.5, all 4 are 0.5, 4.5 and 0.5, which are the 4.5, top most is 4.5, 0.5, 0.5, 4.5, am I right, okay, go ahead and do the computations, am I right, okay, so now repeat the same computation once again, after stage 4, how many different total parts do I have? 16, how many parts am I considering because of this algorithm, only 4, see that 4 remains 4 as you keep going while the total number of valid parts will keep increasing, will keep getting multiplied by 2, okay, so while the total number of valid parts are growing exponentially in K, which is the message length, the number of parts that you are actually considering after a particular stage, only grow linearly in K, but they grow exponentially in memory, so K times 2 power mu, okay, so that is the number of, well not K times 2 power mu, only 2 power mu parts you will consider, but you will have to eventually store all K also, so that is the complexity roughly, okay, so even as you keep going, the number of parts you will actually store is only 2 power mu, it does not keep increasing beyond that, okay, so it is good to have a name for these parts, so these parts that you are actually considering are called survivor parts, okay, so these are the survivor parts after a particular stage, okay, so suppose I have to list the survivor parts after stage 4, I want you to write down the survivor parts after stage 4, okay, how will we write the parts, we will write it as a sequence of states, okay, that is the easiest to do, so I want to write down the survivor path after stage 4, so what is the survivor path ending at stage 0, okay, so survivor path ending at stage 0, So, I need a notation for this. So, I will basically say SP 4 0. So, that means, after the fourth stage, the survivor path ending at state 0. So, what is this? 0 0 0 0 0 0 I should have 5 states define my path. Am I right? Top path which just goes all the way through in the all 0 states. So, likewise write down SP 4 1, SP 4 2 and SP 4, sorry. So, easiest way to find survivor path is to backtrack. If you start at 0 and start going, you will get confused. So, backtrack from state 1, go to the previous state, because the previous state will always be unique from a particular state. The other way it will not be unique because one state can go to, can have both branches being in the survivor paths, but previous way it cannot happen. So, it will be always unique. So, you can backtrack, but if you can see it sufficiently in advance, you will see how it works. So, it is going to be 0 0 2 3 1. Do you agree? That is going to be SP 4 1. What about SP 4 2? 0 0 0 0 2. What about SP 4 3? 0 0 0 2. So, maybe you start at it and maybe you notice something. You will say, this is one example. You are not really showing anything very spectacular here, but you can already see one thing happening. What is happening to all the survivor paths? They are beginning to merge in the initial places. So, that is an interesting thing that will always happen. One can imagine why it should happen, but you can see that this is happening in this example. All the four survivor paths in the first two states are the same. So, they have merged there. In fact, many of them are same in the first three states. So, this is something that will happen in the Viterbi algorithm. As you keep going further and further down the trail, you will see all the survivor paths will merge up to a point. So, what does it mean? Once the survivor paths have merged, what does it mean? Yeah, your decoding is complete till there. Do you agree? Suppose, at some point you observe that your survivor paths are exactly the same up to some previous delay, then up to that your decoding is over. Because whatever happens later, you will definitely come back to that as your chosen path. So, if your survivor paths have merged up to a certain point, you can happily conclude your decoding for up to those points. So, in fact, what happens in practice is you do something suboptimal. So, you observe that at some point, some 10 stages before, typically the survivor paths merge. So, you do not actually check after that. So, you kind of finish there and say, after this I will declare whatever happens later. So, some such suboptimal thing you do in practice just to, but that is pretty good. That is usually very, very good. But this will always happen, all the survivor paths will typically merge after you go through a certain distance in the trails. So, that is something interesting which will help you in your decoding. So, now, we have to complete it. So, at any point you are ending up with four paths. I want only one path finally, I do not want four paths. So, that you will see will happen when you start using the termination. Suppose, I say I am going to terminate after this. So, what I am going to do is I am going to cut and paste this into the next one and then maybe move it slightly or maybe I will move just itself slightly to the left. And then we can see, it is a nice thing in doing it with computer. So, you can do all kinds of fancy stuff like this even if you go for a little bit. So, I have moved it to the left. I am going to try and terminate now and add, do this for a couple of more stages and you will see finally the decoder will just output the valid code. So, let us do that. So, we have to do one more stage, but I am going to terminate now. So, what does it mean when I terminate? There is no more messages. Message is still 0. Message bit is 0. I know the message bit, but I do not know the actual code word bits. So, I do not know how it actually went. So, when I put in 0s, what are the next states I will get? 0 and 1. Then finally, when I put in 1 more 0, I will get 0. So, I am going to give you some more outputs. I do not know, I just want to pick some random outputs, 0.1, 0.7. Will I pick this before? No. Then, 0.2, 0.8. These are my two outputs, minus 0.2, minus 0.8, 0.1, 0.7. Go ahead and do the complete decoding. You will have to do state metrics, branch metrics, state metrics, branch metrics like that. I am going to do it on the board, but you do not have to do the same thing. What are the branch metrics for the first thing? Anyone who has done this? 0.9 for the last top one. Yes. The next one is 4.1. The one below that. So, what are the branch metrics? 5. 1.6, 1.3 and 3.7. So, this is going to be 7.7, the top thing, 8.1 with the top thing. And then what about branch metrics here? The last one, 0.68, 0.68, 0.1, and then 4.68. Clearly, you would pick this and make it 8.7. So, this is just an arbitrarily cooked up example. Maybe in real life, it would not be this crazy. So, finally, what do you do? What is your output path or your output code word? So, you start from the last one and back track. So, it will actually be. So, how many stages do we have? 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. So, it will be SP6, 0. That will be your. What will be SP6, 0? 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 0. That will be your. So, I am going to write that down next. So, the output path is SP6, 0, which in our case was 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 0. So, what is the message you had? I am sorry. You do not need to go back to the trellis and look at the input. This is a feed forward thing. So, what is always the input? Input at a particular stage will be the first bit of the next state. So, all you have to do is extract the first bit from the next state and you will get your U hat. So, the first state is ignored from the next state onwards. It is 0, 0, 0, 1. That is it. The last two are not messages. They are zeros to drive you back to the. So, the termination zeros, the last two zeros. This is your U hat. In a feedback, if your encoder had some feedback and it was a crazy shift register type thing, then you cannot do this very simple thing. Then you have to go back and look at your some table and figure it out. But if it is a feed forward system, then the next state is very, very easy and simple to figure out. The next state pretty much holds the input. All right. Any questions on this process? It is a very simple process. Any observations? Any comments? So, the next thing I am going to do is just for completeness sake, introduce a whole bunch of notations and describe what happens at stage i in slightly abstract terms. So, that is what I am going to do next. And I mean, if you understood the algorithm, you do not need this. But just to put everything together, it is very useful. For Viterbi. So, the question was this, how do you do a computation of probability of error? So, in general for soft decoders and ML decoders and MAP decoders and all, you just simulate, typically simulate. You are happy with simulation. Today's computers are fast enough to simulate. But at high SNRs for Viterbi and all that, you can estimate. You can estimate and the estimate is very good. And using union bound techniques, one can estimate. It involves finding some error paths, etc. Basically, you find the closest computer to the all zero code word, for instance. Then figure out what is the probability you will get there and then do a union bound and someone will get your way. So, it is tough to do the exact computation. Union bounds are possible. And at high SNR, when I mean high SNR, when you come down to 10 power minus 6, etc., those values are quite reasonably good. And if SNR is also good enough, high enough, but sometimes that will also fail. So, this is what you do in stage i. So, what do you have after stage i? When you reach stage i, at stage corresponding to stage i, you will have your received values. Using that, you have to compute your branch metrics. So, you have received values r0i, r1i. I will stick to just 2. If you have rate 1 by m, you will have m minus 1 of these. It is not a problem. And the first step you do is compute branch metrics. I will say, I do not know what to do. I will say s comma t. s goes from 0, 1, 2 to 2 power mu minus 1. For each s, what will be t? t will take two values for each s corresponding to the trellis. So, for each s, t takes two values. For a feed forward simple encoder, for a given s, how will you find the two t's? You shift and then put in 0 or 1. So, it is very easy to do. So, if I give you any integer, all you have to do is find this binary mu bit representation. Shift it right by 1 and put a 0 to get the 1 value of t. Put a 1 to get another value of t. So, in this computation, you will be using the output corresponding to this branch. And then you will do that. So, you can also optimize this computation and do it very fast. So, once you have the branch metrics ready, you have the whole thing set up. So, another thing that you should have before you come to stage i is, you should have processed all the previous stages. So, do not just generally jump to stage i to process all the previous stages. Once you are done with stage i minus 1, what will you have? You will have two things. You will have the survivor paths and you will have the state metrics. So, those two you will have. So, now we will use those two. So, I will say sp i minus 1 of s and what? This is the survivor path. So, this will be this is given to you. That is given to you. You also have state metrics. So, these two you already have. These two are available from previous computations. R comes from the channel. The received value comes from the channel. These two are available from previous computations. So, the whole point of doing the computation in stage i is to figure out sp i s and sp f m i s. That is very easy to do. One can easily describe this. For t equals 0 1 to power mu minus 1, you will have to do the computation. So, one can write it out in a proper fashion, but I am going to simply say you find sp i t. I am sorry. No, I am just going to say t because I already put s as the previous state. And sm i. For this at a particular t, you will have the, you will look at the two possible s s from which you could have come from. So, two possible previous states. How will you do that in terms of bit computation? If I give you a particular t on the right hand side, what are the two states from which it could have come from? You shift to the left and then add a 0 or a 1 in the first place. So, that is a very simple computation that you can do. So, if you think in terms of hardware addressing, etc., all these things are easy. So, you can easily do a simple shift to figure out what index the value will be sitting in. So, all these things are useful, but in today's MATLAB world, you guys probably don't even worry about all these things. If you actually want your code to run fast, you have to worry about all these things. Anyway, so you do this and then this is what you do in stage i.  So, that is it. So, maybe I will write that down somewhere here. So, maybe I am out of space. So, I will put a box here and write down that. Final ML path is what? Sp k plus mu. So, after k plus mu stages, what is the survival path at? Stage 0. Only stage 0 after k plus mu. So, survival path there is. So, there are some, so if you have a rate 1 by m encoder, the only thing that will change is you will have m different r's and your branch metric computation will change. Nothing else will change. Everything else remains the same. If I have two input streams and several output streams, then what will happen? Number of branches going out of each state will increase. So, instead of having two branches, you will have four branches. But again, the steps is the same. You will have four branches going out of each state, four branches coming into each state and each branch will correspond to different outputs and all that. So, you compute branch metrics for all the branches and do the same thing. At each state, you look at the branch which will give you the lowest possible metric for the survival path and you pick that. Ignore all the remaining. Yeah, any m input stream and input stream also you can do this. Even if you have a rate m by n encoder, how many survival paths will you have after stage i? 2 power mu. It is always 2 power mu. It is always 2 path number of states. There is nothing more. So, number of states have to be very less if you want to decode. Yeah, the branch metric computation, probably a little bit more. I do not know. See, if you are smart about it, it will not increase very linearly. How many possible different, see, you will only have so many different symbols possible at a particular stage and you will have to do only that computation. And for BPSK and all that, in fact, a lot of, you do not have to do r minus s squared. It is enough if you do the correlation and maximize the supposed minimas. There are lots of ways of simplifying the computation. Okay, so that is fine. So, I think today if you want some systems which use these kind of decoders, until recently, maybe about 10 years or so ago, people were using bitter bee, I mean convolutional codes in deep space communication, convolutional codes and read Solomon codes in a sequence. I will talk about this a little bit more. So, convolutional codes were being used in deep space. They are now getting slowly replaced by some other codes. So, maybe potentially maybe for space communication, you will see turbo codes or some such newer codes soon enough. Maybe I think some of the satellites, some of them already used turbo codes, if I am not wrong. Another place where convolutional codes are used, even today is hard disk. I am sorry, I am sorry, that is not a place where it is used. They were used in modems, telephone line modems. So, that is one more place where convolutional codes are used. The reason why I got confused with hard drives is in hard drives, they use the bitter bee algorithm for doing something called equalization. Okay, so the bitter bee algorithm, if you have read some digital communication, if you have done some course, you will see bitter bee algorithm can also be used for equalization, for optimal equalization. So, that is used in several places. I got confused sorry. So, but for telephone line modems, long time back they were using convolutional codes. But today's DSL modems, I do not think use convolutional codes, I am not sure. Okay, but convolutional codes have a place in every wireless standard that is out there. Okay, so if you look at, I do not know, maybe there are people here who know wireless standards better than I do, but any one of these 3GPP, LTE, any one of those things you take, always has a convolutional code. Okay, so I think not sure what rate it is, maybe it is a rate 1 by 3 or something. And I believe it is some standards even have 64 state convolutional codes. So, these are used in your cell phones and you make a call, for instance, it is used a lot. Okay, so in terms of state of the art, one can implement 64 state at very high speeds, in terms of implementation. I have seen a lot of 64 state bitter bee decoders implemented very fast, I will give you exact numbers. But beyond that, it is tough today. I think if you go beyond 64 state, you have to go to 128 state or something, and then it becomes too nasty, too much memory going around. People usually never go beyond 64 state in terms of implementation. And we will see later on, when used in what is called a turbo configuration, these codes become really powerful. And for those people use only 8 state convolution codes. Use 8 state, use it in a turbo configuration. Okay, and there are few other recent work, but usually convolutional codes are considered old in the literature. If people do not work very actively in new problems, that is all considered reasonably old. Okay, all right. So, I think let us wrap up the bitter bee with that, then move on towards turbo codes. So, slowly going towards turbo codes. So, one ingredient before we go towards that is recursive convolutional encoders. So far, we have not seen recursive feedback convolutional encoders. I am going to see recursive convolutional encoders. Okay, again, we will see with examples. So, so far, what have we been seeing? We have been looking at generator matrices of this form. 1 plus d plus d squared, 1 plus d squared. Okay. So, what does it mean? Ultimately, what does it mean? This is giving you a relationship between the output at time n and the input at time n, n minus 1 and n minus 2. So, it is giving you some kind of a difference equation between the input and the output. So, very similar to filtering. So, what we are saying when implemented, it looks very much like some DSP filtering and all that. Okay. So, one can also imagine having a feedback type filter where the delayed outputs are also used. So far, we have never used delayed outputs. We have only used delayed inputs and it is a purely feed forward system. Okay. So, you can do a feedback and use delayed inputs as well. Okay. In fact, you can do a small modification to this G of D and get what is called a systematic recursive feedback version of this encoder.  Okay. So, you have to worry a lot about what does it mean to divide and what is this division suddenly you have. So far, we had only polynomials in D, now we will have rational function in D, numerator also polynomial, denominator also polynomial. But all these things have a proper theoretical framework. If you are interested, I can give you references for looking that up. Okay. But we will just do it in an approximate way just to give you a feel for how it works out. Okay. So, I will convert to systematic form in the following way. Convert to what I will call a systematic form by dividing throughout with 1 plus d plus d squared.  Okay. So, this is what I have got. I will give you interpretations for it. But before that, brief remark about systematic. Systematic is always useful. Previously, we never had the previous encoders were not systematic. Okay. The message did not appear by itself in the code word. Maybe one cannot give there is some advantage in having a systematic encoder. Okay. So, you may say why because the decoder side we never really had any advantage because of the systematic form. Right. Even though it was not systematic, we could quickly figure out what the message was. There was really no complexity as far as the message was concerned. There was really no problem there. But that is not the main issue. There might be other issues for why you want systematic. Okay. For instance, your input message might have certain statistics which you like. Maybe it is equal equivalence 0 and 1. And maybe if you do not make retain the systematic statistics, maybe you lose all that. Okay. So, there are so many advantages to having systematic encoders. So, that is one advantage that this readily gives you. But the other disadvantage is you are not sure what this means. Okay. So, previously we were we could easily implement 1 plus D plus D square and 1 plus D square using D flip-flops and shift register. Can we do the same thing here as the first question you should ask? Okay. One can do it. It is just a difference equation with feedback output delay. You can do it. But before we do that, let us look at what these equations mean. Okay. So, how do I encode? I multiply G of D with U of D on the left-hand side. Okay. So, if I do that, I notice. Okay. So, my V of D is going to be U of D times G s D. Okay. So, what is V of D? V of D will have two parts. V 0 D and V 1 D. Okay. So, if I do this, what do I get my V 0 D to be equal to U of D? Okay. So, this I can very easily implement. My message by itself goes to V 0. There is no problem. I can easily do this. Look at the next step. What is happening? V 1 D equals 1 plus D square by 1 plus D plus D square U of D. This looks a little scary in this form. But how do you make it look simple? Yeah. Take this denominator and bring it to the left-hand side. Just multiply throughout by the denominator. You see it readily simplifies.   Okay. Let me write it in time domain for you. Okay. In time domain, out of this D domain, what does that equation mean?  Okay. So, from this, I can quickly compute V 1 N. How will I compute V 1 N? Simply move this case to the other side. Okay. So, at least conceptually, you can see that it can be very, very easily done. Okay. But from an implementation point of view, I do not want my number of states to be too large. I do not want too many D flip-flops in my implementation. I do not want to keep delaying the input with one thing and the output with one more D, two D flip-flops. And instead of having two states, they will have four states that they do not want. Okay. So, I have to be smart about my implementation. And this is actually quite standard. Even digital filters, people worry about reducing the number of delays and doing it properly. It is quite standard in linear system theory. How you implement these difference equations with minimum number of delay elements. Okay. So, I am not going to go into great detail here.  Maybe we will solve it today itself. We have time. I am going to draw a circuit which I claim will implement those exact same things. Okay. And you have to come up with reasons for. Tell me whether it is true or not, or if I am just pulling your leg or whether it is whether you believe me or not. Okay. So, I am going to draw it. Let us see how it works out. Okay. So, here is how we should do it. Okay. So, V1 is the only non-trivial part. What is V0? V0 is just generally connected to. Okay. Question is, do you believe me or not? Maybe many of you believe me, but you have to check. What does it even make sense? Happy, not happy. Some people are happy. Some people are not happy. Think about it for a while. Yeah. So, exactly. So, if you remember your filter implementations that you might have studied in maybe systems theory, DSP systems and all that, when you have these IAR filters, there are different ways of implementing them. There is one, some canonical forms, very standard canonical forms. Okay. So, this I believe is one such form. I hope I am right. If I made a goof up here, then it would look a little bit embarrassing, but I think it is correct. Okay. So, this thing will give you what you want. Okay. So, the trick to that is, call this W. Okay. First figure out what W is in terms of? Yeah. Yeah. And then you delay W. Okay. So, let us try to find out WD. If this is W of D, what is this? W delayed by 1. Right. So, this is WN. This is W N minus 1. This is WN minus 2. Okay. And then what is WN now? UN plus WN minus 1 plus WN minus 2. So, what is W of D in terms of U of D? By 1 plus D plus D square. And what is V1 now? WN plus WN minus 2. Okay. So, that is 1 plus D square into U of D by 1 plus D plus D square. Okay. So, this is, so once you realize that this W is the key. Okay. One can very easily show this is true. Okay. This will come straight away from the difference equation that this implies. Okay. So, W, this is WN. Okay. Maybe we will write N just to be sure. N minus 1, W, N minus 2. So, write out this difference equation. You will see immediately you get 1 plus D plus D square into U of D. Okay. Then you see V of D will be simply 1 plus D square into W of D, which is 1 plus D square by 1 plus D plus D square. Yeah. So, typically in filters, you will see people will multiply by minus 1. The gains will get multiplied. Okay. You do not have any gains. I just have XORs. It is all of them are 1. It is no problem. It is all bits. So, you get that. Okay. So, there is enormous benefit in doing this. See, if you end up delaying V1, you will end up getting what? Two more D flip flops. So, that makes it 16 state as opposed to 4 state, which is actually what it should be. Right. The system, the non-systematic feed forward encoder has only had only 4 states. So, this one is also having only 4 states. So, you might as well do this. Okay. So, so the next thing is to draw the trellis for this. I have not, I have not come to that. So, the question is, how do we compare this encoder with the previous feed forward encoder that we had? Okay. So, there are a lot of formal ways of properly defining the code itself. See, I never define the convolutional code, the set of code words. I never define them. You have to define it properly. Make sure that denominators go away. And then, then you can show that these two codes are pretty much equal. If you list out all the code words, you will get the same set for a particular length. Okay. Yes. Do you have a question? Yeah. So, what will happen? There will be one difference definitely between this encoder and the previous encoder. The mapping from message to a code words will not be the same. But the contention is the list of code words is exactly the same. You can, you can show them. Maybe we, maybe we will look at it for small lengths and convince ourselves the rest. Okay. So, one can draw a trellis here. Now, we have to be very careful about this trellis. Okay. So, this can be a little bit convoluted and confusing because your next states are not easy to determine. Right. Your next states are different. Okay. So, it takes, it's important to have practice and drawing the trellis for this. Okay. And there will be some race conditions type situation which you will get confused about. You say, okay, this is already zero, but this has become one. So, that will change. So, this will change. So, you should know that there are some, those kind of things you should, you should have an understanding of. Okay. This is very standard in digital systems. You must have seen this before. Okay. When you do feedback with these, with these D flip flops, feedback, what do they call this one? Very standard. There's some, some standard arrangements. You have to be careful about when the input change and when the outputs change. Okay. So, those things are all some things to worry about. Okay. So, maybe in the next class, I will start out by just doing a trellis and then give you some description about the differences between this encoder and that encoder and this encoder. Okay. Those differences are important for us. Okay. When we make a transition to turbo codes, I'll use some of those differences to justify why turbo codes work. Okay. That's what we'll do. Okay. So, I'll stop here for today.


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Hey guys, Thundee here. And today I have a brand new pair of True Wireless Buds from Sony. These are the Sony Link Buds S. Yes, they are called the Link Buds S because they are part of the Link Buds family. And Sony has clearly said that this will not replace the XM line, so the WF-1000XM4s. This is not the successes to these bad boys. So this video, as you would expect, we are going to be comparing them against the XM4s as well as the AirPods Pro to see how well they stack up in terms of just functionality and use case. So let us start off with the very first thing. Of course, the design case and fit. So the Link Buds S come in a very nice, small, compact case. You can see it's got the LED logo in the front telling you that of course it's either green charging or needs to be charged, all that fun stuff. It does have USB Type-C charging at the back and a Bluetooth pair button if you need to. This will give you about 6 hours of charge within with the earbuds and then 20 with the case. Now in terms of the design themselves, they look really nice and compact. And when you look at it, it's very comfortable in super lights. Now, the white version feels really smooth while the black has that very textured feel which I do like. So it keeps less oil or fingerprints while you're using them which is actually pretty cool. Size wise, when you compare them to the XM4s, the XM4s are massive. They are really big in terms of size and you can actually see how they compare. And they're also comparing that to the AirPods Pro. The AirPods Pro of course are larger just because you've got that stem as well. But in terms of the design and fit, I would say look, they're smaller, they're lighter. But when it comes to the case, the case is also smaller. Probably around this, almost around the same size as the AirPods Pro. Now, with those cases, there are some advantages and disadvantages. As I mentioned, USB Type-C charging, while of course, as you know, the AirPods Pro use Lightning. But both the AirPods Pro and the XM4s, the WF-XM4s, do have wireless charging. So that is actually built in and that is pretty nice. While the LynxBud S do not have wireless charging. You do have that quick charge feature, which all of them do. So you can of course get an hour's use with about, you know, five, 10 minutes of charge, which is actually pretty great.  This is where it is very important. As you can see, I am wearing the LynxBud S in my ears. They feel really comfortable and they are easy to wear. That's one of the best features about them. As you've known, Sony's traditional wireless buds are usually bulky and heavy. And as we take a closer look at the XM4s, they are bulky. You wear them in your ears. You got to find the right fit. It's best to use the comply foam with this because they just have this very bulky feel. And I know a lot of people who complain about it and say, look, it's just too bulky. And then with the AirPods Pro, they've got a unique feel and fit to it. I do like using them with comply foam because it makes it fit better. I would say it's not as bulky as the XM4. When I stack it up, I would say LynxBud S is the most comfortable to wear. Then the Apple AirPods Pro and then the, of course, XM4s are the least comfortable. So let's move to the most important part, sound. Because this is where the true heart of the metal lies for any of these true wireless buds. How well do they sound? Now, the LynxBud S are, as I mentioned, they're comfortable to wear and they have some really good sound. Now there's not a lot of separation with the highs and the mids and the bass is a bit better, but not as much as I would like. Now they're still solid though and this is complemented with, of course, the Sony app where you can jump into the EQs and you can do a lot of work with that in changing the sound to customize. I tend to go with bright in the EQs to give me just a better sound scape for this. And they do also have the ability to work with 360 audio, so you do have that there. Now how does that compare to the AirPods Pro as well as also the XM4s? To me, the AirPods Pro and the XM4s sound better. The AirPods Pro have a better separation between the highs and the mids quite well and the XM4s actually do a much better job across that board. So you don't need to actually tweak the EQs or anything like that. When it comes to the audio though, I have to say the WF-1000 XM4s are still the top tier in terms of audio, within all three here. While the AirPods Pro do a really good job at number two and the Link Buds S coming at number three. I know some of you are going, well, but these are brand new, they should be better. Sony actually racks them below the XM line. So that is to be expected right there. Now, as I mentioned, the EQs, which means there's a lot of software involved. Now, starting off with the AirPods Pro, Apple doesn't have a lot of software tweaking. They do have, of course, the ability to customize your noise cancellation, as well as also spatial audio, which you can do directly on your device, on the volume settings, and that's pretty much it. There's some built-in EQ settings on your iPhone you can jump into, but that's not something that's attached to this device. Now, when it comes to the Mark IVs, as well as also the Link Buds S, you do have that custom Sony software, which is very in-depth, where you have, of course, adaptive sound control, balancing your ANC, which we're talking about in a second. You can also change your music. You do have speak-to-chat, which basically stops the sound, and then you've got ambient sound control that kind of detakes between your noise cancellation, your ambient sound, and of course, focusing on voice. Plus, you've got that EQ that I mentioned, as well as 360 audio. So there's a lot of things in that software that really gives it a more robust feel, and I think this is where, of course, Sony allows you to customize your headphones as much as possible. So I'll give, of course, the Link Buds S and the WF-XM4s the marks are right here. Now, speaking of active noise cancellation, this is a very good one. All three do have active noise cancellation, while the Link Buds S and the WF-Mark IVs do have adaptive sound control. That's a very unique feature that allows you to use the software to customize your ANC wherever you are. So as you're walking, it will change it, so at least you can hear more of your environment if you're outside, or if you're sitting at home and you just want to kind of have some noise within the outfit now, it does it for you. So it automatically changes between whatever you're doing, plus it also registers your location, and it can do it by location. If you know you're by train station, then it might actually block more of that noise for you. The, of course, the AirPods Pro do not have that. It's a very simple system, which you can just customize and change on your own. I would say, look, both are solid in terms of the software side, but in terms of the active noise cancellation, I would give the slight edge to the XM4s, especially with the Fit, with, of course, the Comply phone, then the AirPods Pro, and then the Link Buds S. The Link Buds S are good. Maybe if I try with Comply phone, I would actually get maybe a better seal. Now, battery life. This is really important part because as you use active noise cancellation headphones, you're gonna be draining your battery, and very simple stated from Sony is that the Link Buds S give you six hours of use with the earbuds, and then 20 hours with the case, while both the AirPods Pro, as well as the WF-XM4s, do 24 hours with about roughly six hours of use. So, again, you're getting more from those two over Link Buds S in terms of just pure battery life and functionality. And then finally, microphones. We do have mics on these devices, and that's very key and very important. Sony has come a long way in proving their microphones in terms of what you can actually do with the microphones. And I'll have to say that they are now probably on par with the AirPods Pro. The AirPods Pro do a really good job. I think Apple has already done a really good job with that. Sony has actually come a long way. They've added more mics on the Link Buds S to give you better sound capture. And from my conversation with friends, the one you do the better, and you tried all three, and it's pretty much the same they said I sounded good. So, I think the microphones are there. Before I forget, transparency mode, because a lot of you guys are gonna ask about it. How does it pair against the AirPods Pro? AirPods Pro have very good transparency mode. I think a lot of people like it. When it comes to the XM4s and the Link Buds S, they are very, very good. I would say maybe a notch below. I think transparency mode on the AirPods Pro just feel a bit more natural. While the Link Buds S is much better. It's actually closer to that, while the XM4 is a bit of a step down from that. But, in terms of transparency mode, look, it's gonna be the AirPods Pro. So, how do I see and compare the Link Buds S to the other two devices? Well, when we look at the pricing for it, the Link Bud S is priced at $199. Of course, comes in two colors here. And the XM4s are still priced at $278. While you can get the AirPods Pro at about $179, depending on where you look at it. But, of course, that price point is still $250 if you're getting it from Apple. To me, the XM4s are still the best in this category. And the AirPods Pro coming at a very good second, while the Link Buds S coming at more of a tentative third here. I wish the price point for the Link Buds S was a little bit less. I would feel more comfortable at a $150 to $170 price range than a $199. But I still think they are really solid and hopefully Sony can improve on them as we move forward. So there you have it guys. If you have any questions and comments, let me know. Otherwise, don't forget to like, share, subscribe, and always enjoy entertainment.