So, I will just walk you through the anatomy of this area. This far lateral or extreme lateral approach was used to be more common when we were doing surgically with the vascular legions of the vertebral basal system. Since we are no longer operating among these patients, they have become much less common for vascular legions. So, we are doing sometimes this now for tumors basically and for small tumors. For larger tumors, you do not need to do lot of bone removal because the tumor itself had made space and if you enter into a tumor, keep on debulking the tumor. You can easily do a good job without having to retract the neural axis in larger tumors. In smaller tumors, yes, you still need some of these approaches. So, just give an overview of why we need this approach because vascular legions are practically out for every one of us. So, I will just walk you through the anatomy. Basically, if you have a skull, just when we are talking about far lateral approach, you see we are talking about accessing this area from a lateral side. This is the occipital condyle. So, there are various terms used, far lateral, extreme lateral, transcondyler, all those things. Ultimately, your aim is to get to the ventral or ventral lateral aspect of the foreman magnum through a lateral approach. The amount of drilling of the occipital condyle varies depending on the legion. As I told you, larger legions is not really necessary to drill the condyle. In smaller legions, you may have to drill about one-third of it, more than there is really required in clinical practice. So, we will just go through the anatomy of it so you know what important structures come in the way and what has to be added. So, this is what we achieve. We are want to come to this area from a lateral aspect because here it is a cervical medriary junction, the cranial nerve, the spinal accessory artery, the vertebral artery. So, we have to avoid the neurovescuous structures and access this area from a postural lateral aspect. So, I will just show you different images as I have been doing of this area. This is an important structure. So, you have to come to this area without having to retract or touch or manipulate this area. That is the aim of this. There are various cones of regions. This is the occipital condyle. This is what angle a far lateral will achieve. This is what an extreme lateral when you are taken of the whole condyle. I am rarely using this approach nowadays because I do not feel it necessary for any of the legions which I am encountering. Most of the times, you can go right drill or remove the bone right up to the margin of occipital condyle and get there. Rarely sometimes you may have to do a little bit of it. If you are removing less than one-third of it, then no need of any stabilization procedure also for this. If you have occipital removal and you go a little more far lateral, then you can have access to this area. Various incisions have been described. You can use it in prone, you can position also part bench. Incisions, when heroes described with first far lateral approach, he used this incision. He used a lazy S. So, there are various incisions this time. One is you start in the midline, come like this and make a flap like this. Other is a lazy S like this. Other one is you come like this and here you go up to the midline in the middle force. You have to see two area. You have to say that incisions, they are four types of incision. One is one can, if you want to remove this much of bone, you can use a straight posterior midline incision, which is a very good incision because it gives you a no muscular dissection, no bleeding and you can go as lateral as possible if you go just extend your incision above and below. The standard posterior midline incision is very good if you are not planning to drill not all of condyle. So, just extend your vertical superior and inferior and you can go as lateral as possible. The second incision which has used is a, as I told you, a U shaped incision starting in the midline in the cervical spine, going up to the protuberance and curving like this beyond the ear. The routine one which we use is a lazy S, as you like we do in the rato-sigma exposure, but the lower part we go a little more laterally to avoid injuring, down to avoid injuring the vertebral artery, okay. If we go to the anatomy of this region, it is nice to know what muscle layers come in. Normally, when we are operating, we do not see all the muscles, although there are some people who do a stage by stage muscular exposure, normally it goes straight up to the bone. So, usually one must know the anotomy and the muscles which come into area. So, I will just show you what is the normal anotomy. So, this is the sternomestoid, the trapezius, the semisminalis capitis, the sphenus capitis and this most of the time we coagulate this occipital artery. Once you have taken out the sternomestoid and the trapezius are reflected, then you get longismus capitis, semisminalis. Then you come to the superior oblique, inferior oblique and rectus capitis and this is the so-called suboccipital triangle where the vertebral artery is there. This is the occipital bone, the C1 and the vertebral artery passes through the transverse foreman of the C2, then through the transverse foreman of the C1, comes out of the transverse process of C1 and courses along the superior surface of the arch of the atlas before it turns like this and pierces the dura. This part of an anotomy is very important. You must know two things. One, the vertebral artery passes through the transverse foreman of C1. It curves back over the superior surface of the atlas arch. Then it curves back and goes intro medially and pierces the dura. This area is approximately around 1 centimeter from the midline. And if you remain subpareosteal, due to subpareosteal resistance, you will never enjoy the vertebral artery. So when you are dissecting, always dissect from medial to lateral and remain subpareosteal. If you have subpareosteals, you will not damage the vertebral artery. And before you get to the vertebral, there is always a vertebral venous flexes, okay? And this is the facet joint. This is the so-called pedicle, the C1 posterior arch going the transverse process. And this is the pedicle where you put the screws in for when you are doing a transarticular pedicle screw fixation. This is the inferior facet. This is the pedicle. And above this, when you lift up there, you will get the superior facet of the C1. And this will be making a joint with the occipital condyle. So superior facet, occipital condyle, this is the joint. So when you are doing a suboccipital anotomy, you are going right up to here. So therefore, you must know where the vertebral artery is. And you have to come up to this point when you are moving the bone. This is just a diagnostic representation of the same thing I was saying. C1, pedicle of the C1 inferior facet, superior facet, occipital condyle, vertebral artery. This piercing the dura here. And this area is normally covered by ganglia, C2 ganglia, vertebral venous flexes occur there in C2 ganglia. So these are the standard steps. I will just tell you the standard steps. Suboccipital anotomy or connectomy, what are you comfortable with? Exigen of the posterior arch of the C1 atlas, once you have lifted off the periosteum. Mobilization of the vertebral artery may or may not be required. Most often in large tumors is not required. Some people mobilize it from lateral to medial, from medial to lateral. But I do not think it is really required. The tumor itself has mobilized the vertebral artery most of the cases in large tumors. So this is the bone which is, this is the suboccipital anotomy. The C1 posterior arch has been removed. The transverse foramen of the C1 has been deroved. The vertebral artery has been identified. And then you cut the dura like this. The various ways of cutting the dura. Some people like to mobilize the vertebral artery like this and cut it behind it. I normally do it like this only. It is not really required to, vertebral artery can be pushed this way or this way. But normally it is not required to open up the transverse process. You just lift this vertebral artery and mobilize it laterally and cut the dura like this. This is the opposite side, from this way, then you have to cut the dura lateral to the vertebral artery. So there are various ways which were initially traditionally described to on the dura in this area. So once you have opened the dura, this is what you will, the spinal accessory, the vertebral artery, piercing the dura and then coursing like this, originals of paica. So the aim is to get to this area and try to approach the legion from a postural lateral aspect. In normal anotomy, these things come into view, but we are not operating on patients in normal anotomy. We are operating on patients who have tumors here. So most of the times that these things are lifted up and this sex is lifted posteriorly and opposite side. Unless it is a dead anterior small legion, most of the times there is always eccentric legion at this, this place this area a little to one side, this gives you an entry like this. I will just show you what I did was just to show a life thing, I did a category sort of thing. This is the laziest thing I was talking about. The patient has been placed lateral. This operative side is up in the ear. So this is from behind the area, it is important to curve this laterally because if you do a straight dissection like this, when you are cutting going to the muscle area, you can damage the vertebral artery. If you make it lazy like this, then the chances of vertebral artery injury are much less. Because this is the important when you are doing a mobilization of the vertebral artery and you are dissecting superiorly from medial to lateral, the C1. So once you have done all that muscular work, patient is lateral like this. This side is up. This is a suboccipital bone, the C1 posterior arch, the C2. Can you see this? I appreciate this. This is the midline, somewhere here. This is a suboccipital bone, the C1 posterior arch and this is the C2. There was some vertebral plexus here, venous plexus, okay. Once you do a superior side dissection like this, then the vertebral artery gets pushed along with it. But you take out these vertebral plexus, you will get a vertebral artery here. This is a vertebral artery which has come like this out of the foramen of the C1. It is coursing over the C1 posterior arch. This is very important. I mean it is easy to injure if you do not know what you want. So this is suboccipital bone, midline, C1 posterior arch, C2. And this is the area of the occipital condyne. So now we have removed the C1 posterior arch, the suboccipital bone, this is the C2 and this is the dura which is pushed. I think this has become vertical. The photographer has taken it as a different view. This has become straight. This is superior. This is inferior. Same thing you are saying. Suboccipital dura, the dura of the cervical medullary junction up to the C2 is a C2. C1 has been removed. This is a vertebral artery, lateral position only. Same thing. So our aim is to open the dura like this and access from this side. So whatever incisions you give, ultimately the bony exposure has to be this much. Whether you take a posterior midline incision, whether you take a laziness incision, ultimately you have to expose this bone and up to the occipital condyne. The aim is this. Do not go with aims like far lateral, extreme lateral. You must know what you are aiming at. Your exposure should be on one side so that you have access like this. So this suboccipital bone, occipital condyne. Now once you open the dura, you can already see this is normal and not me. There is no displacement. You have seen the arachnoid covering the spinal accessory nerve here. This is the vertebral artery which will be piercing somewhere here. So this is the, you have already seen spinal accessory, some rootlets here, cerebellum. If you can appreciate this thing here, this is the where the vertebral artery is piercing the dura and entering into the canal and then it will be going up. Now you have cut the arachnoid. This is nicely seen. The vertebral artery is seen here going into, this is the paika which you are seeing here. So it is clear with this. So as I told you, we are not normally doing this approach for aneurysms now. We are doing it for tumors and when as soon as you open this, you will find a tumor here and your aim and if you have done this much of the session, this is fair enough. Same thing. I mean this, you can see the vertebral artery here. It has pierced this here and it is going like this. Same thing, vertebral artery, piercing the dura, going into the dura like this, spinal accessory, paika. These are the vagal nerve roots which you have seen here. So this is a good exposure of the far lateral approach. This is what your aim at when you are doing it. This much exposure is required and this sufficient for practically all clinical purposes. I was telling you, normally if you see large tumor, so this is the tumor. This is the cervical medullary junction. This tumor is large. You see, this is the edge of the spine neural axis. So your aim is to enter like this, not necessary to go like this. If you enter like this and keep on removing the tumor, you will ultimately have a total removal or as much removal as you want without having to manipulate the neural axis. Same this pre-op, post-op. So informant magnum as always say larger tumors are easier to remove than smaller tumors because smaller tumors and 3D plates, then you have to manipulate. In larger tumors, you do not have to do any manipulation. You just remain within the tumor. This is one area.  So this small tumor, you have to work more and go more later. Sometimes then you may have to do some condylar drilling in this area. So this is just one. I will show you one. This was an interesting thing. Can you make a diagnosis in this? I mean, this is the measures I had and that is what I thought, it is easy enough. But only thing was, these are vertebral arteries. So most of the time, we are operating on benign lesions in this area, whether it is a meningioma or a need of 5 to 100 lesions, I have rarely operated on a malignant lesion. In all benign lesions, the vertebral artery is really not engaged in the tumor. Almost always it is pushed to one side. There may be some lobules on either side of the vertebral artery but it is never really engaged in a tumor, in benign tumors and rarely you will operate on a malignant tumor. So you must remember that the tumor itself has pushed the vertebral artery out of your field. So you have to respect the arachnoid pain and remain and then you will never injure the vertebral artery. This is just the same patient operative photographs I have just shown. Same thing you can see, this is what we already dissected in the cadveric things. The nerve rootlets is the arachnoid covering the lesion. It was a cystic lesion that was easy. The vertebral artery seen here, this is the beginning of the surgery, end of the surgery. So that this tissue has remained like this. We have not done any manipulation of this tissue except open the arachnoid. This is the intra-legional something, some calcification was seen. The vertebral artery is seen somewhere here, spinal accessory is seen. So this is the end of the surgery. So this is how it should like, pre-removal of, open the arachnoid, do intra-tumoral or inter-legional remover. Sometimes you may have to cut the denticulate ligament if you are going to be more below. And then Adyano suggest all the normal structures should be there without having to touch them. Okay. Thank you.


What's up everyone takedown here welcome back to another video today I'm going to be sharing with you how to replace your hard drive in your laptop You may want to do this if you are experiencing problems with your hard drive or if you want to increase the storage in your laptop In this video, I'm only going to be showing you how to physically replace the hard drive in your laptop I'm not going to be showing you how to format it for your laptop But if you purchase a new hard drive It will give you all of the instructions on how to format it for that laptop for that device Because I know if you replace it for a playstation 4 or any other device you have to format it for that specific device So I'm not going to be showing you how to format it in this video Just how to physically replace it in your laptop. Let's get right into it Okay, so here's my laptop like I said, I'm going to be showing you all my Toshiba satellites But this can be done on any laptop just some of the things maybe in different positions First thing you're going to want to do is locate and take out your battery Usually there's a little switch and then that unlocks it so you can take out your battery Once the battery has been removed, you're going to want to put it off to this side Next you're going to want to locate your hard drive. Usually there's a panel that it's screwed down So you just want to unscrew it and take out that panel Once the panel is removed just put it off to the side and then now that you have found your hard drive You're going to want to take it out.  I don't need to I'm physically showing you how to if you need to So once you get your new hard drive, you're going to want to put it in the same way you took it out And you're going to want to make sure that you push it all the way in so it connects So it connects to all the pins before putting in the screw once you have the hard drive put in You're going to want to put the screw back in to hold it down And now that the hard drive is installed you're going to want to put the panel back on Make sure it's clicked all the way down and screwed it down And now that you have the panel back on your hard drive is installed The last thing you're going to want to do is put your battery back in You're just going to want to put it back in Make sure it clicks down and then make sure that you lock it So that is how you replace your hard drive on a laptop. I didn't need to I just wanted to show you guys in a video on how to do it Hope this has helped you guys if it has please leave a like subscribe for new content and I will leave this video here. Peace


I'm going to work on ready and get back to business. The business. Tim, oh. Jokes that only we could get. Good grief. All right. Perfect. So that what Jim just talked about was sort of a broad overview. And then what I want to do now is start to really deep dive specifically into WHMCS and WHM. Because I feel like most of us are comfortable in WordPress. And if you've already been managing your system, you're probably doing a lot of switching users getting into their C panel. But WHMCS might be a whole new world for you. Like there have been times I think even in training where I don't even focus all that much on it. And I'm changing a lot of that now because there is a lot of functionality in there. And then WHM as well, sort of that higher level overview sitting on top of those actual C panel accounts. So I want to go in depth into more of those tools that are available in there because there is a lot of information in different places, a lot of it's duplicated. And so you'll find logging into C panel, you might find in multiple places where to find user names and all that. But there's different places to find that kind of stuff. So this is the home page of WHMCS. When you first log in, you'll see things like pending orders. And like Jim mentioned, you see a lot of billing information that really just doesn't apply unless there's paid domain registrations happening in there or things like that. So the first thing I want to look at is clients. And so from that dropdown menu, I'm going to go to view search clients. One thing to note about WHMCS is you're going to have way more clients than actual users in your system. Like from day one, because anybody who logs in to your WordPress install, a client account is created in here. It's an empty one. They have no products. They have no information or anything. But there's an empty client account. And that's because in the WordPress system, when they first log in, in order to embed that sign-up form, we're sort of doing a single sign-on with WHMCS. So it's creating a client account for them and logging them in so that those two are connected. So what you'll have in here are people that have logged in like Edwin here, but under services, 00. So this means zero products, zero domains. You'll have a lot of those, most likely, because you'll have people logging in with single sign-on. Your entire campus has the ability to log in. But A, you might have restricted the ability to actually sign up for a domain.  I saw that domain form and I'm like, I just actually don't want to do that just yet. And so you'll have quite a few users like that. And this is where there's usually a cron job that will run regularly. A cron job just runs like every night and says, do they have any accounts? If not, set their status to inactive. So this status field refers to that. Do they have any active products in their account? If you were to terminate someone's account the next time that thing ran, it would push them back to inactive. So that's an example of that. And so you'll have a lot more here. 1,940, there are not over almost 2,000 accounts on state use server. There's only a couple hundred. You can see it gives some basic information, but clicking on a specific ID number in here, and this is an interface that you'll see a lot in WHMCS, is this sort of tabular view like this. And so clicking on the ID number actually takes you into that person's account. It's a little weird, but let's go into Jim's to go back to his. As Jim mentioned, the first page just has a lot of overview information about their profile. So you have their contact information here, but there's some interesting things in here as well. One thing is that I could see the last time that they logged in. And so we've got a date and time stamp there. We can see their IP address. That is useful for us actually. We use that a lot with our external clients when they logged in to see like if they're on a wireless network and it's blocked for some reason. So if they have an IP address here, I'll look and see like if they're contacting me and this has been updated that day, I might reasonably be able to guess. Well, let me just double check that IP address rather than asking them what is their IP to unblock them for a firewall or something like that. So that's just some useful information here when they signed up, basic information like that. You can see a list of most recent emails. I think this shows like five by default, something like that. So if they have been getting a lot of emails for whatever reason, and like I said, WHMCS in Domain of One's Own doesn't send a whole lot of emails and it sends the welcome email. But beyond that, we've turned most of it off because it's things like domain renewal reminders or your account has been suspended, a lot more automated stuff. This is hosting automation software, but in Domain of One's Own, beyond the actual provisioning step, there's not a whole lot of automation happening in the background because they're free accounts that live until you decide that they shouldn't. But you'll be able to see the recent emails there and you can actually click right in here that will open up the actual email as well. So a quick way to get to that. View orders as useful. Jim mentioned, let's say an order didn't go through for some reason. If I clicked View Orders here, it's going to come to a page that will actually show me the domain that they signed up for when they signed up for it. And I would actually see here, for example, it would say setting up a username, password, which server it's going on that it would be incomplete right here. And if I tried to accept this, it would try again to provision that account. So if they're trying to log in and they're getting a blank white screen or something, a good thing to check is, did this order go through? And it's a little misleading because the status here says pending, but this worked. Like this account got set up, Jim C. Panel was embedding, and everything was fine. It's just pending because it hasn't been accepted yet. It's pretty common, even on Reclaim Hosting on our main WHMCS install that we don't get around accepting orders for a while. So sometimes you'll have pending orders just sitting there. It's not hurting anything. However, if it's pending and here you don't, so this one, it's a little hard to see because I don't have an example that didn't go through for some reason. But you would see down here that it was trying to provision account. It didn't work. And if I hit accept, it would actually come up with whatever error message that we ran into. Some things errors that I've seen before are like C. Panel doesn't allow any domains to start with the word test. That's a popular thing for people who are testing out systems to use as test domain dot whatever for your subdomain and C. Panel balks at that. They don't like the word test to be the first word. It's just one of their rules. And so they'll go to sign up. Well, WHMCS doesn't have that rule. They don't really care. And so WHMCS will try to process it through and then they'll get a white screen. WHMCS will just be sitting here with a password. But if you hit accept order, you get a nice error message up here that says system account test not allowed in valid username, something like that. And so it gives you a little bit more information to go on. I mentioned earlier I've seen a similar issue like with passwords. If the automatic password that WHMCS generated wasn't secure enough for some reason. So that gives us a lot of information in there. Yeah. Sure. Which is only going to apply for domain registrations. But yeah, if any of the contact information isn't correct enough for a domain registration to go through, like they're very careful about zip codes matching states and all this kind of stuff. And so it's got to be, you know, really perfect. But this will give you a lot more information. So if you have someone who it's not embedding, the first thing to check is did their order go through, go up into their order, try to accept it, see if you get any error messages there. If it went through and the accounts actually created, then it could be something else. It could be a password issue or something not syncing properly. So jam your laptop. Struggle wasn't. Or maybe it's the Internet. Who knows. No. Sorry. It's a personal subject. So Jim mentioned emails going out and I'm going to show you some templates that can be created in the system. But this is a quick way to send emails. You can actually even just send emails to them directly from within WHMCS if you want to. I don't know why you wouldn't want to use it from your own client, but maybe you want it to be tracked within the system. That would be a good reason to. If you want it to actually show up down here, communications that you've had with the user, it's only going to show the outgoing stuff. If they respond, it might go to your support address or whatever is set up in the system. But you can absolutely click go on a new message and it'll pull up basically a dummy down here. So that's the web mail version of creating an email. We'll look at some other stuff. There are ways in WHMCS where you can send mass mail out to all of your accounts. You can filter that by criteria. You can say all accounts that are active, obviously versus everybody that's logged in and that kind of thing. Or everybody that's got a top level domain registration or what have you. Let's go right through on some of the profile that we're going to be talking about. We're going to be talking about the FTP information. The FTP information is really important. It's in there. It's encrypted in the database, but this is the actual account information. You can test those credentials. This is sometimes what we see if C panel is not embedding properly. You want to make sure that the FTP information is not embedded properly. You want to make sure that WHMCS has the right information to be able to embed C panel. It's basically trying to remotely authenticate that user. You want to make sure things are matching up in the system, essentially. We'll do that. If somebody reaches out and needs FTP information, you can resend that email. You can also look in here and get their information and do some testing directly on your own with an FTP client. Something like that. Jim mentioned some of these module commands. It's a great thing.  It gave me a break. Can you please make it, Jim Groom is awesome, and you're like, that's not really a secure password, but whatever. I'll allow it. It's a great one. Let's say I went there and I saved those changes. The changes have been saved. That did not change the password. This seems really weird, but this is nothing but a database. This is an entry in their database saying what that account should be, but it hasn't communicated that with C panel. It seems completely counterintuitive, but until I hit this change password button here, that's going to actually send the change password command and take whatever is in this field and actually so WHMCS acts a little weird in that regard because it's really more of a client management software and a database that holds all of this information, but it does need to communicate back and forth with the server and there's some times where you feel like you have to do more than one step to do various things. Service password changed successfully. Now that is the new FTP account information for that user. It didn't come back with any error and so we're good and those C panels, so we're good on that. That's right. Right. If they're logging into sites that they're not even dealing with these login credentials at all. You might also double check and make sure that things are synced up if it's not embedding C panel properly for some reason. You might say, well, let's try changing it or whatever. If they changed it on their own and WHMCS has old information for some reason, that's something very occasionally. So that's another thing to check. Just hit that button. Just to make sure that yeah. Right. Yes. Yeah. They are. So there's a lot of different items. You've got a client status, you've got an order status and you've got a product status. Almost everything has a status assigned to it while the order was still pending, but we have it set up in your system to where you don't have to necessarily accept orders in order for them to go through. We tell it to automatically set up C panel. So for the purposes of this, this C panel account is active. It got created as soon as Jim hit the register button. Everything went through, but the orders just sit there as pending. That's correct. Yes. Every order, you'll never have inactive accounts if they put in an order. You shouldn't anyway, because inactive accounts should really mean they don't have anything yet. So I mean, we'd have to really. Okay. Yeah. And we can double check on that, but essentially pending every single order that comes in is going to be pending until it's accepted. You can accept it or they can send it there. Honestly, I mean, I've got some systems where since it's started, you might have 400 accounts orders in there, but they're generated automatically.  So the system is meant to be self-service. So it's just a weird quirk of WHMCS that all orders are pending until they're accepted, but we have it set up in the system to where you don't necessarily have to accept an order for it to go through because you don't have to accept it. So yeah, you've got a couple different buttons down here, change packages. I could suspend an account. Let's say, you know, someone graduated, I'm going here and doing some cleanup and I'm like, Jim's not supposed to be in here, but I'm going to reach out to him. And so I don't want to necessarily delete his stuff yet. I'll reach out to him, but this shouldn't be online. Let's say somebody contacts you with copyright information or whatever, you need to be there. Now that it's suspended, if I were to open up this domain, Cpanel will give us the account suspended message in there. And so then you can follow up with the user, but it hasn't actually touched any other information. All the databases are there, all the installs, if you unsuspend it, everything comes back online. So it's a nice option if you just need something to be offline for a period of time. It's a great option if you're setting up policies and you're not going to be able to do anything. If someone graduates, we'll give them three months, then maybe we suspend their accounts and give them another three months because they may not be checking email, but they might be checking their domain. They go here and they get this message, then they might be like, yeah, what's going on? And it's like, yeah, you graduated. I had a student from Mary Washington contact me on Facebook. This is my life now. So my domain's not working. I was like, yeah, look at it. And I'm like, you were in the list that they removed your accounts. He was like, oh, I guess that's right. I graduated last spring a year ago, but I used my domain professionally. And I'm like, well, you got to move on and take ownership of it. So yeah, situations like that. But you might set up something where it's suspended for a period of time because they are checking their website, maybe not necessarily their emails. Maybe they graduate and they don't have access to their email anymore. So this is one of the only ways that they'll notice that that's happening and reach out to you. Yeah. Right. Right. They're still going to show up active in WordPress. We haven't made the WordPress portal to where you can do everything in there. Yeah. Yeah, I like yeah, I like using the HMCS, HMCS is sort of my management tool for a lot of things when it comes to managing accounts and clients and that kind of stuff in the system. Not at all. Nope.  The only thing that it's happening is they're being sent off to single sign on and logging in and it comes back and it's matching up with their email address with their WordPress profile. So the only time we see single sign on break is if someone gets married and their last name changes or they get some schools for whatever reason allow students to change their email addresses just because they want to. BYU would be one of those and so like suddenly they go to log in and they're getting a domain sign up form again and they're like, this makes no sense because it looks like the IFNU user here. It's a different email address. So WordPress, WHMCS, a lot of these rely on the email as the unique identifier which isn't a perfect word but it is what it is. We're getting into the data coming so you can match to this. Yes. Absolutely. There are scripts that you can run to do it. We also, I'll just mention right off the game, we'll be talking about exit strategies a little bit but for a lot of our schools you can just throw us a CSV file and we'll manage some of that for you. So if you put the policies in place, you can just send us a CSV file every semester or however often you want it to be and say these are the accounts that need to be suspended, these are the ones that need to be terminated. That might be a good way of rolling students off is just set those policies in place and then you just hand us the list of accounts and we manage some of that for you. One of my long-term development goals is to hopefully create more interfaces to allow that stuff to be user serviceable as well so that you could just upload a CSV and have it do it automatic but with automation comes danger, right? Sometimes it never hurts to say let's have Reclaim do that rather than terminate every account on accident because I missed the comma. Yeah. The hard thing with integrating with those systems, there's a couple different reasons in which we haven't gone down that path. One is that schools hate to give that information to vendors. It opens up a whole new ball of wax for them to say now Reclaim knows who are active and inactive students are and that kind of thing and who's graduated and who hasn't. Single sign-on is a lot easier to get them off to their server to do that whereas in order to get that information, I've got to communicate and actually store that and know, okay, they graduate on this date and that and then every school system is different. Some are using Banner, some are using Fisher, some are using something else and it really does require that you do custom code for every single one of them. So for now, the way we handle it is just doing batch stuff with CSV files and we can give you the reports of all the accounts that you have that the IT department has some way to say these are the ones that are no longer with us. Jim already mentioned the resending the product welcome so I won't go too much into that. I want to look emails we've mentioned as well. Let's talk a little bit more about that log because logging is really important in WHMCS I found. I've taken a couple actions on Jim's account already and so you'll notice here this isn't just the emails that went out or anything like that. It's something that WHMCS has done. So this is when I suspended it. This is when it was unsuspended. This is who did that. So if you want to set up more than one administrator, it might be a good idea to not share those accounts because then you can track who did what. So it might be nice to be able to say okay it wasn't me, it was that person who terminated the account. I can follow up with them and say what happened there? Why did you do that? Was that a mistake or something like that? If you're sharing your own WHMCS log in, it's going to be the same user for everything like it says here with reclaim even though some of this stuff Jim did, some I did. The only time you'll see it differently go... I don't know, it's even using the reclaim account for the initial order placement stuff. So yeah, you'll see in here new order was placed, created an invoice, marked it as paid because it's a $0 invoice and that's an example where we don't send emails for everything. They're not going to get a $0 invoice to their email account so we have a lot of those emails turned off in there. It was successful, it was able to create that C-Penal account and this is the service ID which is the product for that user. Email was sent to Jim, he re-sent the email to himself, password was changed by me, we suspended it so you can really get a full picture of all activity that's happened on that account within WHMCS. We can but nothing has, the last thing I did was unsuspend the account.  This gets dangerous so yeah absolutely, so here's a perfect example you can see IP addresses were they on the same network which they were and that kind of thing so this is a great overview of what's happened. If somebody went to set up a C-Penal account never got set up properly the log should absolutely say not only that it didn't get set up properly but this will throw the exact error messages that C-Penal sent back to WHMCS so if you're not seeing it anywhere else you should see it in the log here. It's going to be a tab for each individual user so if you're sitting at the summary and because my screen's a little bit shorter I'm not seeing everything so I have to hit that if I had a nice big screen these would be more tabs here so as you get smaller it comes to this dropdown this is the log for the individual user WHMCS does have an activity log for everything under utilities logs, activity log this gets really noisy because this is everything that's happened on the system so right now we're just working on Jim's account but this is every account that's in the system everything that's been happening, new orders being placed all that, that's all within here and you can search on that under utilities logs, activity log so right there and so you can search by specific dates, specific user names I could see just the stuff that I've been doing in my account so this is weird terminology but for WHMCS domains are top level domains systems.net.org those kind of things subdomains are not a domain to WHMCS because it doesn't have to manage stuff like that it doesn't have to register it with some third party or do anything so you'll just have a product, a hosting account that's because Reclaim has our own billing system, our own WHMCS so we have access to it no because we keep the system separate so yeah it's because they're going to ReclaimHosting.com to buy something, they're going to be in our billing system and your stuff's just going to be the stuff that you all manage where I would add that is in WordPress and then you would give them the non-single sign on link to get into the site so if they're outside of Brimmar you're going to give them the wp-login.php but you're going to create a manual WordPress account and the first time they log in, WHMCS will create a profile for them and that connection will happen automatically in the background so as long as they can get into WordPress press everything else can happen automatically if they're outside your university and actually this is a good move forward to my attention one of the things to think about we talk about WHMCS and usually logging WHMCS happens at your domain slash manage slash WHMCS so we have a very kind of systematic way to set up where WHMCS lives and if you want to get to the WHM server that's usually your school name dot mclanghosting.com colon2087 so I didn't even mention that when we talked about it but every system has a pretty kind of standard URL we use so cogate.mclanghosting.com colon2087 will get you into WHM for example cogate.domains slash manage slash WHMCS those are all pretty standard how you would get into so I didn't mention that but I just wanted to reiterate there are if you're like let us know let's look at some other tools that are available not just from the individual user's profile but as a whole here so you've got products and services shared hosting, shared hosting is going to be those hosting accounts WHMCS has the capability to do a whole lot more with other systems but this is the only thing shared hosting that you're going to do so this is every hosting account on the system as well as their statuses so canceled means that those were terminated we changed their status to canceled after their trial is up on state U for example you'll have a lot of active accounts in here if you do have graduates that you've eventually terminated you might have statuses in there I can filter this if I want to so if I want to say I really only just want to see active I can filter based on that and now I'm only seeing active accounts in there or I could search for a specific one so I could say client name and this search will work you know even if it's oh jeez do I have to go with the full oh he's not active that's why I didn't find it so that's right I've already terminated you so I was like yeah so if I just search the last name I can search by the domain name so the search works really well in there so in this context pending means the account did not get created because we're talking about products here and not orders so if a product is pending most likely their C-Penal account did not get created for some reason and it's just sitting there so that's where you would want to go in and try to create it and see if there's something like that maybe you pushed it through manually outside of WHMCS and so the status in WHMCS just hasn't been updated but I like to work mostly in WHMCS just to make sure that things are active in terminology is this order right you're right the order the status of the product is pending but if you even look above at the top 142 pending orders this is where Tim said everything that comes through is in order and when you log in through WHMCS you might see right away 400 pending orders it doesn't matter they're just orders that are sitting there if you can make them active or not it's the product whether it's active or pending or inactive or terminating that matter but do that service there when the service the number of services where are you seeing the number oh it's out of the clients it's out of the clients so this is just the quick speak for WHMCS to be how many hosting accounts and how many domains they have usually you'll see one zero that's what the majority of your users should be that's right yeah so go into their ID and you should see they maybe like there was a typo or something and that's where you would want to follow up and go which of these is the correct one yeah so it looks like she got more than one domain but one hosting account so yeah and it may be that like she hit the back button somewhere and then more than one thing got added to the card or something so yeah they will either see a white page or a cPanel login that said they could not log in so it'll be one of those two depending on the code this essentially means how many hosting accounts and domains do we have in the system that's what they consider services and how many are active so you can still terminate an account and it will still be there but in WHMCS what would happen when it terminates the account it will no longer be on WHM it will no longer be an account on the cPanel server but there still will be a record of it on WHMCS one thing to pinpoint out is WHMCS don't delete those records because they become a record through your school to track what happens to a particular account so keep that and use that as much as possible as you get more people going through and time passes you won't remember so that's getting your place to track that in terms of your licensing and stuff like that we're not looking at any numbers in WHMCS we're looking at active hosting accounts on the server so WHMCS is your history of everything that happened if someone graduated you had to terminate their account keep it all in here so that you're able to if you later want to follow up with those users or something you've got that data if you need to find out if somebody says I've had people who graduated and then six months later they went to work for the university and something got lost in the mix then their account got deactivated or something you want to have that paper trail there to be able to go back to what might have happened we had one school who was as they were graduating and leaving they would just delete these clients from WHMCS well at that point you have no information to go off of that could be even if the domain was still active somewhere and the hosting account was online you wouldn't really have the tools to know where it was living, is it on your server did they move to reclaim what's going on I wouldn't delete a whole lot of stuff in WHMCS there's no commands to suspend and terminate and it's communicating with those external systems but leaving the stuff here is good correct, yeah suspended it's still taking up space yes, because all the data still lives on the server suspended just means I want it to be offline so I want them to get an error message of some kind when they go to the website but if I need to bring it back online it's a one-click button to unsuspend eventually one absolutely, yeah it's usually a good process to do two steps suspend and then terminate just so, you know, it's easier if there was an error for any reason to unsuspend versus having to pull a backup or hope there's a backup or something like that and be in those situations so Tim, I see okay so WHM doesn't talk back to WHMCS so what happened there is somebody suspended in WHM and didn't know about this system at all WHMCS is just assuming things are still punky-dory but yeah, so so what this is is a create a backup somebody checks to see whether this is legitimate so they suspend that what's the bet and maybe this is a question for your comment thinking about what the best way is to create that account so that doesn't get suspended or maybe you just have to do it that way I'm going to go away and reset it anyway so maybe the best way to create the account then reset it for the next time so it's available as a faculty field and choose your domain right, yeah, absolutely and I think the key thing there is most of the work you want to be doing is actually in WHMCS because that can communicate out and do stuff versus doing it in WHM it is, yeah there's a lot there but there's a lot actually once you get into WHMCS there's actually a lot you can ignore because it does way more than we even need to take advantage of for our purposes but yeah, because it actually would only be a few clicks for me to cancel an order and then delete an order and that terminates the hosting account and the next time you log in you get to sign up again and so, yeah if I went to that view order screen canceling it would actually cancel out that order and then deleting it would remove it and that actually runs the terminate commands for you and everything so it's a quick process to basically reset an account so that they get the sign up again next time there's a mass mail tool in here I mentioned previously, let's say you want to send an email out to all of your active users, this is a great way to do it one thing that I really like as a feature of this not only can you filter by certain things before you compose the message but it will also like send out 25 at a time so you don't like get seen as a spammer 500 emails and the first you know, the first 100 go through and then you get 400 bounce backs into your email appliance so it's kind of useful for that but let's say I wanted to go in here and I want to send an email to only people who have active products so I can do that I'll do, this has more than one type of product service these are different hosting plans you probably just have one we want their hosting account to be active and even if they have more than one hosting account we're just going to do one so if I go here to compose a message you can see it's going to send this to 320 people who is this guy yeah I know right so it's going to send it to 320 people I can choose a subject, here's what's great about this so it's not the best web mail client in the world you know in terms of composing a message but we have mail merge fields and you can pull stuff you can pull their client information first and last name you can pull their domain name so you can say hey Tim I noticed that your domain is a year old and that kind of something you can actually put the actual information for themselves in there so you can drop any of these merge tags directly into the email and it will replace it with the specific information for that user so kind of a useful tool and again those emails that you're then sending out are logged in WHMCS so it's a good tool for communicating out to your user base in general probably one of the better tools versus I don't think WHM has anything and WordPress you'd have to add third-party plugins to do mass mailing and it just doesn't handle it really well so and you can see here there's those settings send 25 emails every 30 seconds so it kind of exactly yeah WordPress no WordPress again is going to be where you've got everybody who ever logged in and so WHMCS actually knows who's got hosting accounts who's active in my system and who's not you don't okay maybe we didn't give you all the permissions yeah this is under clients mass mail tool so clients mass mail tool I'll go back here so the first thing you have to do is build out what kind of email you want to send so you get this first and then once you go to compose a message then it gives you the options they're not underneath here okay yeah we can definitely take a look at that so another thing that I want to another thing I want to look at in here is reporting again a lot of reporting is going to be billing related you're going to see stuff like income forecasting and that kind of thing you can ignore some of that where it does hold up really well is if you just need a CSV file of all of your hosting accounts or something you can go down here under exports so and this is under reports more so I skip all of the ones that they've created since it's more income related if you go to more you get all the reports that they have and so there's clients domains I'm not doing top level domains these are all subdomains I can ignore that but services is another one so let's say I need a CSV file that's going to give me every active hosting account in the system so there are other places I could probably get it but I'm going to do it in here so I'm going to do an export of services and I can choose what fields that I want to have in here so I want my CSV file to have the client's name I want it to have their domain name which in this context is going to be like the subdomains and maybe their username and password for whatever reason and I'll filter it based on their status being active so I'll only get active there this gives me a CSV file of exactly what I wanted username's passwords the actual domain names and if I scroll down to the bottom or wait is it at the top where's my save button all the way up there export to CSV sorry it's up at the top they moved it it used to be at the bottom of the page but you got the tools export to CSV and I can grab that as a file so if you need a CSV file with specific information that can be a useful way to do it if you just need client account information email addresses first and last name for anybody who is active in your system that would be a good way to do that this is under reports more so this that will give you all the reports in the system and at the bottom you have exports for clients and services are the two that you're going to use mostly so at the bottom you get a services yes yeah if you're dealing with hosting accounts you're going to do services if you're dealing with user information clients is probably going to be the best there so again WHMCS is top level domain registrations when they say domains for the most part yep that would be their FTP information other utilities that are in here I mentioned logs activity log is going to be the big one that will show you every log every activity that's happened on the server CPL WHM import is kind of interesting let's say like you have been creating some accounts in WHM or you kind of want to see whether or not there's any discrepancies in there I like this because it will communicate with your server and say are there any accounts that exist there that don't exist here or vice versa so if I click get account list I've only got one server so this drop down is just a single one but if I click get account list all of these accounts are on the server but it color codes a couple of them and all the way at the bottom it's got the legend here and so it will indicate once this gets down here which ones have different products on the server than what's on WHMCS which ones don't even exist in WHMCS and they do on the server so if there's any discrepancies it's going to show it in here so this can be a kind of nice way to see this list is coming directly from your server what exists on your server versus what's in WHMCS and there may be for whatever reason some discrepancies these color codes are just that the hosting accounts been changed on the server directly for some reason the last thing and then I'm going to jump off of WHMCS is email templates we talked a little bit about emails the hosting account welcome email is by default the only email that we set up for you and it just contains basic information welcome to the project you can customize those but you can customize others as well so you'll see these in here the ones that are grayed out with the next are disabled and so you'll see a whole lot of disabled stuff in here if I go to this hosting account welcome email and click on it I can actually edit that template and this interface is going to be very similar to that mass mail tool you'll have those merge tags that you can use you can very much customize it depending on the type of email now you're not here's where it's an interesting thing if you're creating a product email you're not going to be able to get certain types of information all the emails can get client information but if you're creating a client email you're not going to know what hosting accounts or domains they have and that kind of thing so you may have a different list of the merge tags at the bottom here depending on the type of email but for the most part product emails are the most useful ones those are going to show up in the dropdown under the product tab those are going to have the information like their domain, the status on it when they signed up information like that so this is the account that goes out the email that goes out and you can see congratulations service domain is now live you see the merge tags for the individual stuff and this is replaced with the actual information I can edit this to it's coming from I can add CCs to it if you want to CC someone else on all those emails I have one school where the guy likes to get an email every time someone signs up don't ask me why but you can do that kind of stuff so you can do that you can also create your own templates now keep in mind creating a template doesn't mean it's going to be automated in any fashion so you can create a migration email but WHMCS isn't going to like the migration process but if you have the template in there then you can use the mass mail tool to say I want you to use my migration template and send it to these 500 people and it will still fill out everything so if you are going to reuse stuff create a template for it anyway so that's right up here at the top you choose what type of email like I said product service is probably going to be the best one general messages mostly just get client information they don't get product information trial ended since we're on state U same interface now but the email is blank and I can start filling it out and I've got all these tags that I can use to build that out and once I've created that that will be in the drop down on the product tab for the individual user I can send that email directly to one person it will be available in the mass mail tool as a template that I can send to multiple people so good option there to customize both the existing emails that you have and create new ones for folks yes do you have email users reply to that WHMCS is never going to see those because WHMCS doesn't receive email so it's going to be the individual client so I would usually best practice there is going to be to set up a group mail box that you're connecting to but it's using IMAP or something so that more than one person could potentially connect to it I've got some people who will use a forwarder so it goes to multiple people or they're managing it in ways like that it happens outside of the system because it's not receiving the email back it's not as good as sort of a general purpose support tool in that sense right now that's right yeah and most of our schools will set it up to the email it's coming from it's something to where the email is coming back will either go to the help desk or the project manager or a group so and you might set up support at wittier.domains or something like that and then have those emails forward it on to who it needs to go to so that there's some central email that's not your own and then if you leave the university for whatever reason then you've got to people start responding to emails a year later something like that it happens so other questions before we move on from WHMCS good questions let's look back so I think the situation with that is WHMCS in newer versions has added more templates and we disabled all of them but then when they add new ones those are active however they're probably not being sent unless there's any particular notification notifications is a new feature of WHMCS in more recent versions so yeah I mean you could disable it if you want to I'm not sure off the bat what that notification does I think there's a general purpose notification system that allows you to get an email when X happens let's say an order fails or you know like it's it's actually a nice system but I haven't played with it much yet if you want to get messages to slack every time you get a new order they now have built-in ways to do that and so it's a whole notification system where it's almost like an if this then that kind of thing and so that email template is probably a general purpose when it needs to send a notification via email what should that email include so let's say I have a 2-3 minute break so you can recycle the brain then we're going to start the WHM that's right


Hey dropshippers, and welcome back to our YouTube channel. In today's video, we're going to be talking about print on demand Australia edition. We'll be touching bases on topics such as, is it legal to start a print on demand dropshipping business in Australia? What are the top print on demand Australia products for dropshipping? The best POD Australian dropshipping suppliers? And we'll briefly go through seven easy steps on how you can start your own POD Australian business. So without further ado, let's get straight into it. So right off the bat, is it legal to start a POD business in Australia? And the answer to that is yes, it is entirely legal. Make sure that your online business platform adheres to the standard state by the Australian consumer law. As an e-commerce seller, you need to provide guarantees such as functionality and safety of products. You also need to ensure that the products that you offer does not go against any intellectual property rights. Ensure that you do not offer any hazardous, life-threatening or age-restricted products because your POD business can be faced with harsh penalties. This means that your e-commerce store can be suspended for selling illegal products. Okay, now that we've gotten that out the way, let's jump straight into the 16 best POD Australian products for dropshipping. So our first POD products are backpacks. And as we know, backpacks are an everyday essential item which makes it a great POD product. So we can offer all over prints, solid colored, embroidered and other designs when selling these backpacks. There are thousands of various bags, styles and sizes that you can offer for different ages and genders in order to generate more sales. Next up, we have the infamous all over print hoodies. So these hoodies are extremely popular in the fashion industry right now. And that's exactly why they're able to generate a large amount of sales in no time. For these hoodies, you can offer your customers an array of fabric choices and unique print designs for them to choose from. Next, we have baseball t-shirts which is also a highly popular item in Australian markets. You can offer your customers two colored or all over print t-shirts, but always just ensure that there is a wide selection for your customers to choose from because their preference differs from customer to customer. Next up, we have pencil pouches which makes a great customizable POD products. Again, make sure to offer these pencil pouches in various sizes and shapes. Ensure that they are unique texts or graphic personalization options for your customers to choose from. And as a cross-style suggestion, you can throw in cute accessories such as handles or key chains that you can clip to the opening zip of this product. Another infamous POD product is beanies. Beanies will always be an in-demand product. Therefore, it has the potential to bring us in huge profits. You can offer beanies for both adults and kids as well as offer your customers a wide variety of unique embroidered designs for them to choose from. Our next POD item are pajamas which gives people the perfect reason to go to bed in style. Make sure to sell these pajamas in attractive colors or creative prints and include shorter long variations such as short or long sleeves or short or long pants. Okay, our seventh POD item are hooded baby towels. Make your baby's bath time more fun and comfortable by offering these cute hooded baby towels. You can offer these hooded baby towels in hypoallergenic materials and you can offer these towels in baby-friendly prints, vast colors, style and size options. Up next, we have car seat covers. So as we all know, covers are there to protect seats from spills and dirt and basically minimizes the inconvenience of having to clean the interior of your car. So when dropshipping this POD item, you can offer cover seats made from various materials and you shouldn't sure that the seat covers you offer can fit different car models. Up next, we have luggage tags which makes a great customizable POD products and you can offer these luggage tags in a variety of styles, shapes, sizes and a vast selection of printed texts and graphics to choose from. Next up, we have tablecloths which is the must-have item in every home and you should add a variety of shapes and sizes of these tablecloths that is suitable for any kinds of tables. Make sure to offer high quality tablecloths in unique or minimal printed designs in order to maximize your profits. Our 11th POD item is shower curtains and as we know, shower curtains are an essential product which means that it can bring in a good amount of profits. When dropshipping these shower curtains, you can offer them in solid colors or printed designs and make sure to offer these shower curtains in a variation of materials which are both water resistant and durable. Next up, we have a bottle opener which makes it a great portable solution for when you're at home and you need to open a drink or even when you're outdoors. There are endless customizable options when it comes to these items. Make sure to offer a variety in your store and please do not use your teeth to open a bottle, rather up for a bottle opener. Our 13th POD item are laptop sleeves and laptop sleeves are not only there to protect your laptop but also make it easier for you to carry your laptop around. Make sure to sell laptop sleeves that fit a variety of laptop brands and ensure that you offer these laptop sleeves in a variety of designs, styles, and color options for your customers to choose from. Next up is journals and whether the journal is used for everyday note-taking or as a personal diary, a journal in general is great for customizations. You can offer journals with colored, ruled, graphed, and other page designs. And you can also add pages with personalized quotes or graphics. Next up, we have calendars and as we know, calendars are used all year round so it will always be an in-demand product. You can offer these calendars in a selection of customizable options. You can offer wall hanging or tabletop calendars and you can include personalized calendars such as monthly images or texts such as quotes. And finally, our last POD product are sports water bottles. When dropshipping this product, make sure to offer these water bottles in various sizes and styles. And most importantly, make sure that these water bottles are made from high quality materials. The worst problem to have is your water bottle leaking over absolutely everything. To add a personalized touch to this product, you can offer customized prints or designs according to the target market you're trying to reach. Okay, so we've discussed the top POD Australian products to dropship. Now let's have a look at the top POD Australian suppliers to source these products from. So our first POD Australian supplier is Teespring and their benefits include, Teespring has a user-friendly interface which means that dropshipers can search for POD products easily. They have an array of POD products for dropshipers to choose from which ranges from home essentials to clothing items and much more. Also Teespring has a software that allows for quick order fulfillment which in turn means quick shipping times. However, when it comes to their drawbacks, their shipping fees are more expensive than other suppliers and they have inconsistent product quality which means that the product quality can vary from one item to another. But when it comes to their pricing, Teespring is completely free. Next up we have Gelato which is an international POD supplier that houses a domestic warehouse in Australia. When it comes to Gelato's advantages, they deliver the customer's orders in Australia as fast as 72 hours. There is also no minimum order requirements when working with this POD supplier and Gelato commits to sustainable printing processes and utilizes eco-friendly materials. However, when it comes to Gelato's disadvantages, they have fewer POD item choices online and majority of these items are quite expensive.  Next up we have OGO which is an Australian based POD company. Some of their benefits include custom branding to its clients. Their order fulfillment process is both fast and reliable and the supplier extends excellent customer support. On the downside though, OGO provides a limited selection of POD products. This company is also relatively new to the e-commerce industry. Therefore, its presence is not widely known yet. When it comes to OGO's pricing, you do not need to pay any subscription fees and the upfront costs like shipping is clearly stated in every transaction. Another Australian POD company is Tea Junction and as a market place, this company offers a great selection of POD items to choose from. Some of Tea Junction's benefits include a wide range of printing methods such as screen or digital printing. They offer free shipping to customers all over Australia and there is no minimum order requirements. As a drawback though, if you would like your customers' orders to be shipped out fast, you have to pay higher shipping fees. Also a big note, OGO does not provide pre-made designs. That means that you as a seller will have to provide your own designs. But you can look at this in a positive light because it's essentially helping you to bold and establish your own brand. When it comes to OGO's pricing, they do not require a monthly subscription fee. The only thing you pay for is production and shipping costs. Our first POD supplier is the well-known Printify. When it comes to Printify's pros to have domestic fulfillment centers located in Australia, there are also over several customization methods for you to offer your customers. And even better, this POD supplier integrates with various e-commerce platforms. However, when it comes to Printify's cons, they have limited branding solutions for your POD business and they provide varying product quality, which means that you as a seller would have to conduct thorough product research. However, when it comes to Printify's pricing, there is a free subscription option, but it requires you to pay the product, the design customization and the shipping costs. There is also a premium plan subscription option at $29 a month, and that will give you access to unlimited designs and 20% off all your orders. Our sixth POD supplier is Imprint Merch. When it comes to Imprint Merch, it attributes to have domestic warehouses located within Australia, which means that customer's products are delivered in about four days. Sellers also have flexibility in setting profit margins and sellers have a wide variety of pre-made designs to offer their customers. When it comes to the downsides of Imprint Merch, they have fewer POD product ranges and their products are generally more expensive, so you'll have to set reasonable profit margins when selling these products. However, signing up with Imprint Merch is completely free. Another local Australian POD company is the Print Bar. Some features of the Print Bar include they utilize high-end printing technologies, which ensures that our products are top-quality and long-lasting. They also integrate with popular selling channels like eBay and Wix, which allows us to import our products easily. And Australian clients can take advantage of discounts on various shipping arrangements. However, there is a minimum order requirements in order to qualify for free shipping and their customer service is not really the greatest. It is really slow, which can lead to customer-related issues. When it comes to the Print Bar's pricing, their design generator and other features are completely free. Our eighth highly-known POD supplier is Printful. Printful provides an easy-to-use mock-up generator that can give your customers a preview of the POD products they would like to order. Printful also offers branding solutions which helps you to bold and establish a brand in the e-commerce industry. There are also local warehouses located within Australia, which paves the way for practical fulfillment methods. However, on the downside, Printful's profit margins vary depending on the product or service provider. And their shipping arrangements are quite complex, which means it's not that reliable. As for Printful's pricing, you can enjoy all their features for absolutely free. It is good to note, though, that you will have to pay the fulfillment costs of products whenever a customer places their order. And finally, we have our last Australian-based POD supplier, which is John Doe. When sourcing POD items from John Doe, you can ensure high-quality and long-lasting prints. They also have a domestic distribution center and the supplier has a John Doe Go program, which enables us to connect our selling channels and fulfill orders efficiently and quickly. However, John Doe offers limited customization options for POD products. Also, most of their items are quite expensive in comparison to other suppliers. However, do keep in mind that some customers are willing to pay these high prices in exchange for one-of-a-kind and top-quality POD products. When it comes to John Doe's pricing, they have no subscription fees. The only thing that you do pay for are product and shipping costs. Okay, now it's time to look at how we can establish our POD business in Australia. And we can do this by utilizing seven easy steps. I'm briefly going to go through these steps, but if you'd like the full explanation of each step, make sure to read the article version of this video, which is linked in the description below. So step one would be to conduct comprehensive product research in order to get insights and preferences into Australian markets. You can do this by exploring several different product-finding methods. So method one would be to search trending products on your Australian POD suppliers' websites. This will give you the knowledge that you need on the latest top-selling items. You can also read product reviews on your suppliers' websites. This can guide you in identifying highly rated items. The next method that you can use is Google Trends. This gives you access to market trends and consumers' behaviors in Australia. By knowing these details, you can identify suitable products that can fit these consumers' preferences and activities. The third product-finding method that you can use is to spy on your competitors. There are about several tools which can uncover the products, marketing techniques, sales conversion, and more information on other sellers. For example, you can utilize the Kauaila Inspector, which is a spy tool for Shopify stores. The next method you can utilize is the Autodesk Product Research Tool. You can use this tool to search for millions of products from different suppliers. When searching for items, you can set filters to give you more relevant results. For example, you have categories, ratings, retail prices, and more. And the final method that you can utilize is the Autodesk Blog page and YouTube playlist. Our articles and YouTube videos are constantly updated with the latest shop shipping information. Step two would be to select an Australian POD supplier. So when getting started with your online business, you need a reliable POD supplier. And these are the following features that a reliable supplier should have. A vast catalog so that consumers are able to find POD products according to their needs, positive reviews. Your supplier's product should have a high satisfaction rating and good customer reviews. Minimum order quantity flexibility. Preferably, your supplier should not have a minimum order quantity requirement. This way, you can sell more POD products as customer's orders come in. Great customer service. Excellent customer service goes a long way. Need our same old. Fast shipping times. This is an important feature to consider because you want your customers to receive their products as soon as possible and you want them to know that you already backed a reliable online store. And lastly, make sure that your return policies are clear and practical. Your online store should have reasonable considerations for unsatisfactory or defective items. Our third step is to set up an Australian POD store and we can do this by choosing a selling channel where we can sell our POD items. As we all know, there are two types of selling channels. The first one is a customizable website which allows you to build your store from scratch. And the second selling channel are marketplaces where you can just add your products and sell them to the public. So let's look at the selling channel with customizable websites which are Shopify and Wix. When it comes to Shopify, they offer full customization of your store which essentially just helps you to build your business branding. However, keep in mind that Shopify does not generate organic traffic. Therefore, you have to utilize marketing techniques in order to drive traffic to your online stores. As for Wix, it is fully optimized and you have full customization of your store. But just like Shopify, Wix does not generate any organic traffic. So you'll have to invest in marketing techniques in order to promote your business to the Australian markets. Okay, now let's look at the selling channel marketplaces. And a good example of a widely used e-commerce marketplace would be eBay. So with eBay, you can enjoy significant amounts of traffic. However, eBay's selling fees are quite high and the competition is quite tight. Another good thing to note is that you have to establish your business policies on eBay. Business policies is usually a roadmap as to how you manage your business processes. And these business policies actually help your customers understand how your online store works. If you head to the article version of this video, right under step three, you'll see that we've created business policy templates just for you. We've also gone into depth about what each business policy is about. So make sure to check that out. Step four would be to create designs for your POD products. And here are ways that you are able to create these designs. One, you can create these designs yourselves. This way you stay from the additional costs and you have the freedom to create any designs you wish. Two, you can hire these designers and you can find these freelancers on Fiverr. You pay these designers for their services and in return, you receive a high quality design for your POD item. And thirdly, you can buy a pre-designed template which you can find on websites such as Creative Markets. Step five would be to promote your POD Australian business. So remember that marketing is crucial if you do want to build the presence of your business. And that's exactly why we have to invest in effective marketing techniques in order to maximize our audience reach. So the other following marketing strategies that you can utilize in order to increase the website traffic on both Shopify and Wex. You can utilize Facebook ads, influences, email marketing and a blog page. As for eBay, you can utilize standard promoted listings or a PPC campaign, which is a pay-per-click campaign. Step six would be to fulfill your customer's orders. Remember that you have to fulfill your customer's demands swiftly. And the way that you're able to fulfill these demands is by heading to your supplier's websites, purchase the POD item that your customer had ordered and then fill in your customer shipping details. Remember when the time does come for your customer's order to be shipped out, you should provide them with their tracking information. And finally, step seven is to launch your store and start earning money. However, when you've just launched your online business, you should keep the following in mind. You have to continuously conduct product research. This way, you'll make sure that your product listings are always up to date with the latest trends. Make sure to always provide excellent customer support from the very start all the way to the very end even after they've received their products. This is key to long-term success and attaining customer loyalty. And lastly, make sure to try out dropshipping automation. As your online store grows, it can become more difficult to manage everything manually, but with automation software in place, you are able to scale your e-commerce store even more. And that's all I have for you today, dropshippers. Thank you for tuning in. Don't forget to subscribe to our YouTube channel if you'd like to stay up to date with all the latest dropshipping information within the e-commerce industry. Also, if you have any dropshipping related questions or you'd like to learn from other e-commerce sellers, make sure to join our active Facebook community or Discord group where we'll all help one another grow and succeed in the dropshipping scene. You can find the links to these groups by the description below. I'll catch you guys in the next video. Bye for now, dropshippers.


The National Security Advisor, Noho Ribadou, has condemned the bombing of Tundumbi village, killing over 126 people and called for a probe into the incident. Now, it heart-spacked reactions with Nigerians condemning the army and calling for a probe. Ribadou made a statement in the company of senators who visited the village, the incident to court, during Mauloud celebrations. We are here to physically see, also talk directly to the people, to the victims, the families and make an assessment for the federal government. It's a tragedy, it's a misfortune, but it has helped me. What matters is how do we move forward? What are we going to learn from here? What exactly we need to do? Hopefully, it will not happen again. And also to restore a little bit of normalcy in the lives of those who are victims. We are here with the governor and also the leadership of the National Assembly, responsible for national security. We have done the assessment, we have spoken to them, we have had a very good interaction and we are going back to Abuja. That certainly will be what will help us to move forward with decisions that will certainly make a difference going forward.


As an inherent fact, the war between England and France occurred and lasted for seven years from 1756 to 1763, and finally England could expel France from India. According to the Peace Treaty of Paris in 1763, France could only maintain its control over five small cities along the coastline. The reason why the British could defeat the French in their fight for India was that the former had an overwhelming economy, strong fleets of ships in the sea, and its government's kindness on the domination of Asian colonies. Meanwhile, the internal affairs of India were very complicated. There were conflicts and feuds among the royal kingdoms. The Mughal dynasty was in the process of a steep decline. This provided a chance for Western powers to find a way to enter and occupy India. On the 1st of September 1858, 14 warships of the joint French and Spanish armies attacked Sencha Peninsula, Danang. Later on, the French attacked and occupied Zading Citadel along with other regions in the north of Vietnam. Since then, the Vietnamese people suffered under the French colonial yoke for nearly a century. During the stop-and-go struggle against the French colonial invaders, from 1858 to 1883, King Tudduk time and gain ordered his army to cease fire and negotiated one peace treaty after another, considering one demand after another. Till the time, the country was completely occupied. Many Vietnamese patriots and scholars stood up to struggle against France, even though they were oppressed very brutally when arrested by the French colonialists. There is a natural rule that where there is oppression, there is struggle. The history of India in the first half of the 19th century uninterruptedly witnessed insurrections of peasants, tribes, and the declining feudal caste against the colonialists like Ram Mohan Roy, an aristocrat in Bengal. He tirelessly struggled for the freedom and human rights, like Tantia Tupe, the excellent leader of the movement of the freedom process, like the famous resistance in Jansi under the brave and staunch leadership of Queen Lakshmi Bai. She is considered a national heroine by the Indian people forever. The Communist Party of India came into existence on the 30th of December 1925 at Kanpur. The foundation of the Communist Party of India marked a significant turning point, contributing leadership for the struggle to overcome the loss through a rest in this period and launching a new wave of struggle by workers and farmers in the face of 1924-1928. In 1911, a young man with the name Winterthang decided to go abroad to find a way for liberation of the Vietnamese people. Traveling through over nearly 30 countries, Winterthang realized that the slaves were oppressed and maltreated severely everywhere for colonialism is a vivid and brutal. After the World War I, Winterthang returned to Paris and bought the name of Winterthang in 1919 at a website conference. It was the first time that Winterthang proposed a claim asking for the right of self-determination for the Vietnamese people. In 1922, Winterthang launched the newspaper Le Paria as an editor. With the reason that the revolution in a colony is part of the proletariat revolution, Winterthang wrote many articles about issues in colonies which were published in Lemanite Le Paria condemning the wicked and brutal colonial policy of the French colonialists in Vietnam. On August 1945, under the leadership of the Communist Party and President Ho Chi Minh, the Vietnamese people stood up to carry out the August General Offensive and gained glorious victory. On the 2nd of September 1945, at the Biding Square, on behalf of the Provisional Government, President Ho Chi Minh announced the Declaration of Independence to Found the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. Thank you very much.