Welcome once again to the breakfast on plus TV Africa now. Let's go back in history all the way to 1971 We're gonna be talking of a woman who on this day was convicted of killing her husband It was what is was described as the first internet murder. She was born or she was born in 1971 But this happened in 1999 and name Shari Paulette Kittley Miller Who was an American woman convicted of plotting the murder of her husband Bruce Miller over the internet with her online lover By the name Jerry Cassidy. He eventually committed suicide The Bruce Miller was found dead in his junkyard in Flint, Michigan November 8 1999 killed by a 20-gauge shotgun according to the prosecution She wanted Bruce dead for his money and a divorce wouldn't have given her enough of the money So it would have been better if it was dead. So she you don't get more of it. And so she plotted with her online lover Jerry Cassidy to kill her husband on this day in 1999 the trial made national headlines and Miller's life was profiled on any American justice After she was arrested in February 2000. She was held without bill until her trial The jury then found her guilty on all charges while in prison She was diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder and other mental illnesses She eventually claimed that she wanted to give back to the people that she has selfishly taken from and You know in a book that she wrote a couple of years later while in prison She confessed to the murder of her husband and of course gave further details of how she plotted it with her online Boyfriend stroke lover Jerry Cassidy. This happened in 1999 on the 8th of November and that's of course is our The story in history for today We'll move away from there now moving to our first major conversation for today And that is in Anambra state where the independent national Electoral Commission Inaq has declared the elections in conclusive as a result of a failure of elections in Ihala local government area It says that the number of your voters or the difference between the ABGA and PDP candidates Is less than the number of registered voters in Ihala and of course Inaq has the Right as a body to declare the elections in conclusive There will be supplementary elections on Tuesday the 9th of November. We're speaking this morning with Mr. Uche Okoye, who's the MD trunk digital media and convener of TETA movement. Good morning, Mr. Okoye Good morning Thanks for joining us all right, let's of course bring you in first on your reactions to the way the Anambra elections turned out For a few they may have expected things to turn out this way, but for others may be surprising But what side are you on? Did you are you shocked at the way it turned out? Well, thank you so much. First, I want to congratulate the Anambra for coming out to conduct themselves appropriately and of course is how they Are turned to elect who governs them in the last four years. It is very important. It is constitutionally enshrined fundamentally our rights to exercise our franchise and Towards the build up towards the election. We had a lot of hiccups. We had a lot of insecurity issues Which you know to stop even campaign process as far as some point a lot of people felt that the election will be postponed We were so uncertain about the up, you know the outcome of the of the election and We had IPOB from the other side and there will not be election Already, you know Stated that we sit at home from the 5th of November to the end of that election And we we had a lot of insecurity issues and people started living in the States And you could see few that did that leap year. We felt the fear That had enveloped the citizens because they were afraid of your life. So they couldn't come out to vote, but Fortunately two days before the election IPOB withdrew they are They are you know, they're sitting at home order and instructed their members everyone to go out to vote And within that short window period of time people You know started sending information to their loved ones, you know, especially those in the rural communities that may not be able to have access to So that actually triggered some, you know some persons to come out to vote especially this time around and We recorded very low turnout, which was very predictable if we look at history historically Anumbras data has always recorded very low turnout in an election. So but this one was very Unimaginable we never we saw it coming. We knew that there will be low turnout of election voters, but we we we also didn't know that it will turn out very peacefully as you can see we didn't record any Much violence as a lot of people, you know expected. So I would say there are mixed feelings from this point of view. So there are mixed feelings Expectations we are mixed, but ultimately we had a very great Exercise and everybody came out and people few people that came out as a side of franchise without being hard Without having anybody dead in the process. So that's what I can say for now on that Okay, let's talk about One of the factors I mean some of the issues that were raised that would have influenced the conduct of the Anambra election Of course on the 6th and one of them is voter apathy like you have actually mentioned And if we look at history antecedent who found that that the four elections over time Voter apathy is like a norm in the elections and this is actually not a surprise Would there be anything or could we have a boy that does Voter apathy is anything that could have been done to avoid it, you know to improve the participation of Anambra persons in the elections Yes, I wish you said because in the in the build-up to the election Some of us especially later on movements. We went to the street We went to the various communities in various local government establishing people or they need to get Their pvc on the need to register we went to schools, you know to high institutions surprisingly Interestingly, we found out that a lot of young people are not interested But that's a very sad development. We had over 80 percent who would go into a class and ask how many students how many persons, you know have a pvc You know, it would just be maybe two or three persons and out of that Could be just one person that would have a permanent pvc But the rest will just tell you they are not interested or they do not have so there has there has there is this Lost of interest in the system that is very popular among the people of the south east Especially with the government. So they've totally lost interest. They have totally, you know disconnected Alinated themselves from the system. So I think what should have happened, you know from the the political You know candidates should have been a very intensive sensitization reorientation of people But it it seems like it's it's only happened within the political parties, which is not enough There are people who belong to political parties and ordinarily these are the people that are going to You know vote whether there is a seat at home whether there is an anything they are going to come out and vote most of them But ordinary citizens who do not belong to any political party who have little or no interest in the electoral process Although they do not may not know actually that election is very important to everyone not just the political party members They need to come out to vote who govern them everybody, you know, the citizens should be able to Understand the importance of election but I think that Didn't happen because the The candidates didn't take it seriously because some of them we are banking on the low voter turnout to in order to manipulate the system So I should I would say that yes there is a That should have happened earlier because if we had enough education and sensitization of our people Would have resisted the narrative of no election, but it didn't happen. Unfortunately. So Like in 2017 something similar happened No election campaign was the mantra and At some point it became very obvious that now of course if everybody many people knew that would be election But it didn't turn out the way it turned out in 2021 2021 became more violent Towards that the election. So that was why a lot of people Felt it more and even had to leave the state because of the unforeseen event that could happen on the day of the election. So but The thing I have to say is that yes, we could have done better the citizens of Anambra the stakeholders Could have done better using different channels engage the agreement Parties engage everyone citizens in the church markets everywhere, but that didn't happen All right, Mr. Akoya. We're going to come back to you Um, just we'll come back to you. Um to discuss further on, you know The the turnout and of course other issues. Um, but I want to go to the election proper now And uh, we're bringing in uh, Mr. Barista Theo Nguigbo, who is a legal practitioner Good morning Barista. Thanks for joining us Barista Nguigbo, can you hear us? Yes, we're working. Morning. Thanks for joining us. So I want to bring you in uh to talk about the election proper and um, you know reactions to it um a size the First of all, Inaq has declared uh, ihala local government era didn't have any elections And then second the apc it's on the punch new sweepers this morning says soludo sets to win Leads in 17 local government areas and apc alleges rigging So, uh, uh, Barista Nguigbo, let's let's have you, uh, step in and on those, um, main points Well, um, I want to Tell you I'm worried about the the Generation we are like this wrong directly if I let you that uh And much more That don't collect that damage to our next person And I want to tell you that you come to without physical election And I for one I was imagining that maybe the way How or how I met with some people mentioned in the embassy without Taking completely a corner That's where the system or the system can be the blood Then the blood system will be completely that has Of So what is happening? Or Uh, I want to have the number of Number of things that they can't conduct the election So all these we are madly mad a Have done That the people are now The All right, let's look at some of the You know concerns why this election? I mean we'll get back to you Mr We'll get back to you. Okay, but let's just stay because this is more like a follow-up To this particular question now you you have the fact that According to mrs. Obie She said that the constitution provides for a candidate to secure both the highest number of vote cast 25 percent of vote cast in at least two third of the local government Areas of the state to declare the winner now all the quotas are saying that if you look at uh section 179 of the constitution That uh, you know child soludo should have been declared the winner of the election That's because he's caught not less than one third of all vote cast in not less than Two third of all the local government areas in the state. That's a two third of the 21 local government In the state. What are your thoughts on that? I'm all down to all you can much much better configuration By ionic I don't say we should watch it at all From all integration All We will absolutely have one definition I am not from unimpressive But i'm deeply worried On how we arrest everybody So the configuration are all the mathematical All the mathematical entries They want to apply what they're applying in whatever way we look at it You need to have met the Admet the requirement to declare the winner of that election What they want to do now It's a winner by the portrait the winner of an election At the end of the day They will push everything to the court And in the court we are those Hadidia are waiting To really Finally and describe the winner of that election. So what I want to say is that I am aware and I know how to I know how to By only the question to do to have one definition To continue to raise So that people go Who put it behind us And keep creating progress in this country I want to tell you that I'm not happy What are all the things that are happening in this country We were about 30 years ago We are the leader We are the flagship of the afterthought continent That today we are parallel to the light of the night As a result of the safety and the honesty of these people at the end of the process They do things without doing that both in this Record how to say that there's no way we can not move an inch Before this type of system got up So when they say To put a thought of this What thought of this and that it will all challenge If man has one information All right, hold on Barca, we will Mr. Okoye, let's come back to you now, you know also to share your thoughts on This angle and of course the apc alleging rigging in the elections What's your reaction to that? Well, what I have to say is that in every contest There will always be a loser and a winner And in most cases the loser, you know, usually complain of injustice and what not But in this election, I must say of course there were so many irregularities They started with INEC Not coming to poll units On time, INEC had hostiles And they recorded that They recorded the problem in Ihala. I think Ihala had a very Peculiar issue where the security You know security men didn't They didn't mobilize because according to them they were being owed So it affected the local government as a whole. So Um, I don't know how what led to that but that really stole that election And in order in some places in some poll units and words election didn't hold at all Because of not just the low turnout But because of the the malfunction of the electronics Um, the the electronics from my neck. So it was unable to capture people the voters So it's contributed to some of the problem we are having now And I think INEC needs to upgrade or they need to step up because this is this has become in It's had become a recovery decimal where Every time every now and then we go to the pool. We have one or two issues Coming from the same, you know, INEC. They should be able to fix up And for store this for future, you know, occurrence Um, of course they reserve the rights to to, you know, add their opinion But I have to say that, uh, they don't really have anything to to to fight for because Anambra states Um, Anambra state people generally do not Like APC they do they do not have any attachment to APC I am not a member of any political party for a record, but from the feelers on ground I do not think APC standard charts in this election Um, however, they still reserve the rights to, you know, to question some of the outcomes So that's what I have to say there But in all if you look at it The local governments in Inewe was won by white people not even APC So it means that APC does not even have a strong goal They've not won any single local government The PDP won in Obaru Why Apgar, uh, you know, won in all other local governments Outside in here at the local government So it's going to be an interesting outcome But I we in Anambra states, um, we are very Confident that this will not turn out the way the emo situation turned out So it's not something that we are afraid of We are ready. Um, we are set to to, you know, to Guide out and save our votes Okay All right, let's come to you, Mr. Theo Weibo Uh, do you also agree that, um, the elections as the APC is a legend is what we read in Anambra state I mean when you begin to look at the dominance of Apgar in Anambra state They have been in power for 16 years amongst other issues When you make a comprehensive analysis Of the results so far collected So you need to win it And so on It is a clear cause before So you do So, uh, I want to tell you that I am not a confidant All this, uh, issue That have been, uh, crumpled Now, when you check or say you look at the topic of them You see a small one writing If you see all the list and 20 of, uh, Anambra states So I don't know why we should not conduct an election That would be rank of place Where the winner would be announced But, and I don't know why most Nigerians When they pursue the election They don't know how to compress it The, you know Because they want to make problems They want to cross the government I mean, you know, I mean The, uh, the They want to look Of course, for this argument But, you know clearly, you know, Anambra You try people, you try, uh, um, officials You know, so how I come on It's a simple problem Of doctors, of leaders And, uh, co-ordinators And, uh, after a proper time Of a proper time, you need to be 20 And the person who's most of all You know So all these distortions I am uncomfortable with them And I didn't do this right Even for more than two, three decades At the time I stopped talking But the more you talk The more we want to take it aside This is getting bad So, where's the Where's the money? I thought I was going to say Or I don't know I wasn't feeling more comfortable Because There's, uh, There's a lot of So sorry I thought I was going to be More social Or that I don't know I don't know I don't know I don't know And that is why we have Security challenges We are very limited We impose people So, are there the wish Of the majority of The citizens of the country It's a franchise, man It's a very difficult before God We have people who say Look at the kindness of one Because corruption is very rising In this country Ironically, I'm telling you that I would tell you in my mind That what they are doing Is to describe that man Of his social Look at what they are doing I am going to say Look at what's happening We will not do it We took a guess where he's qualified At the Year of the election Yet I didn't know That he's qualified For the citizens I don't know What they say As far as the number Whatever I'm going to say To you Okay I'm bringing back One thing that I've seen Mentioned a few times Is the disparity between the number Of, and I've seen a lot of people Mentioned this, I'm not sure why The number of people who voted in the APC's for the APC candidates And where those numbers Seem to have disappeared into And I'm asking this Because of what you mentioned earlier Some of the reasons behind The low voter turnout In Anambra state Would you say that this is The same reason The things have turned out this way If you had 230,000 people Voting the APC primaries For one candidate Doesn't seem to be reflecting now in the election So is this because of the voter apathy Or is there something else that we're missing here Quite ridiculous I'm privy to that information Currently The APC is still in the courts They're supposed to actually Seed for that before the election But I don't really know What happened and that Seems to have been Postponed And more or less Who also contested on the APC Was very He contested that election That produced The That was a very ridiculous outcome Because we all know that APC does not have structure in Anambra states Before now Even if they do have It's not as much as that I mean if you have party members With that figure How many nobody there Is using winning election in 2017 The last time We had election In Anambra states So the number is outrageous Is ridiculous It is not real And that puts a very big question mark On whether they truly had primary election In APC Because that cannot I don't think There are over 300,000 APC members In Anambra states So that figure was Obviously misleading And you could see from the election Of course towards the election We could see that the figure Was actually misleading Again The reason why we had I have explained it earlier In my speech And I said because of the fear There was A insecurity During the build up to the election That even made some of the candidates As far as going to Lagos campaign And it was really that bad Because it affected The confidence And the atmosphere Of Anambra states A lot of people left the state as a result People called their loved ones And warned them not to step out As a result of that The IPOB made that instruction That they would sit at home In the fifth that nobody should come out And from records It has always been clear That each time IPOB make Such instruction They always ensured that They implemented So people feel that it could Actually be the same But two days before the election They called it off However the information didn't trickle down To the masses Especially people in the rural communities And suburbs And other places as well However Few people that got the information Turned up during the election And like I said The party members, party faithful For example, party like Apgar has a very strong Soldiers They are on ground, they have been here For over close to 16 years And what that means Is that they are very Grassly rooted In politics So they have full soldiers That always come out to vote for them They always come out to support them PDP has always been here as well APC recently And has only made It only comes when There is an election So I wouldn't Ascribe that To any other But the insecurity The insecurity is only thing The low votes are not And of course the order made by APC All right Assistant with you Inconclusive elections Been described as A product of a weak electoral process And this is the case With anambra elections Not the first in Nigeria We've witnessed that in platou state Canu among others Do you think that this is the case? Do you agree with the school of thought? We have a way of repeating our mistakes And the reason is because As a country we are not An intelligent nation There is nothing You would tell me that That INEC has corrected from what happened In the Cano and in other places Before the anambra state election I'm sure they must have witnessed A similar situation And right now They are witnessing this I strongly believe that There is nothing tangible about it So it has become our norm We pay less attention To some of these things And it always embarrasses So I would say that It is part of the problem We have in the system We have voted My polling units We had a very smooth ride The election was free It was beautiful But other polling units The machine capturing So it was a problem But what I would say Is that it is generally the problem Of Nigeria, the incompetence In the high places And our nonchalant attitude Towards problem solving So we literally Don't see some of this as an issue Right now they see it as A normative way of election Inconclusive elections They will go back To something But I pray that I pray for INEC to turn a new leaf There is a new electoral law I hope that the president Of the country signs that into law So that they will be able to transmit election Electronically Luckily most of the Results from different polling Units are available On their platform So if you check INEC platform If you log in The results from different polling Units and that is a Work on development, however They should also move ahead In making sure that they have alternative For example, alternative Sort of network In case one is not Available enough, then the other Should be able to step up Alright, we'll have to wrap up here Ucho Okoye, thank you so much For your time this Monday morning Thanks for speaking with us So having another conversation with you As soon as possible Thank you Thank you also for your time And for speaking with us this Monday morning My pleasure Alright We'll take a short break and when we come back We're moving from Manambra to Kaduna state Where there seems to be crisis brewing Over land and governments Demolition of properties We'll talk about it when we come back Stay with us


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Hi, my name is Amy Collier, Senior Cloud Advocate at Microsoft, and I'm joined today with Sid Bean Blair, America's lead for Azure Landing Zones for the Azure VMware solution. Today we're going to discuss one of the more commonly adopted networking patterns in the Azure Landing Zone Accelerator, a traditional hub and spoke in Azure for connectivity to your Azure VMware private Cloud. Take it away, Sid Bean. Sure thing. Today we'll break down each component of this design, and we're going to link to all the information at the end. So you can get started at any time. This session is really for anyone looking to have a better idea of how to design for hybrid. So stay tuned to the end to see how many are reducing their deployment times with our Azure Landing Zone Accelerator. So today's topics include centralizing routing in Azure, Azure Route Server, how one of Microsoft's newer network offerings plays a vital role in bringing the design together, options for accessing the Internet for your AVS workloads, and ExpressRoute to ExpressRoute Transit. Is that even possible? I guess we'll find out and then we'll end off with a brief recap of everything covered today and take a peek at that Landing Zone Accelerator, and its most recent updates, which is the source of all the material you'll see presented here today. So back over to you, Sid Bean. Talk us through the drivers for this design, and why is it so popular? Yeah, sure thing, Amy. Let's think about it this way. Why do customers use this product called Azure VMware Solution in the first place? It's because many consumers of AVS do have the goal of keeping their workloads on the VMware hypervisor, but they have probably the end goal of going fully Azure native at some point in their Cloud Adoption journey. So they want to land in Azure, so doing so would make sense to keep your actual infrastructure footprint dedicated to Azure. Yeah, I would think so. Right. Many of our end users would agree with that. These are users that are looking to implement zero trust, migrate or modernize their workloads in Azure, and establish hybrid Cloud connectivity in their Azure Landing Zone. So where we commonly see this design is when the consumer of AVS has plans to or may already have one centralized networking in place in Azure. So this is a consumer that might be looking to extend their Cloud Platform over to the Azure VMware Solution. And then number two, bring your own license or pay-to-go licensing for infrastructure such as network virtual appliances. Another use case that's in number three, Centralized Routing Hub. So this is a use case that's often driven by security where that traffic needs to, you know, A, route through a centralized device, but B, it needs to be filtered and inspected. And this workload could be from AVS to AVS, or this could be internet traffic or just traffic that's talking to, you know, across virtual networks in Azure. Okay, so let's say day one, I come to use AVS and I have an on-premises or a lab environment. How can I get started? Yeah, so let's say we have Amy's on-prem, Amy Sandbox, and you're connected via VPN to Azure. That's the quickest, simplest way to have a connection from your environment over to Azure. And that connection is going to terminate on a VPN gateway. So this is what you'd see right here. If I just get the laser pointer up, so you're coming in and you're terminating on that VPN gateway. Now from AVS, as seen here on the right, you're gonna get an express route circuit. So that's what we're seeing right here. And with this express route, you're going to get a solution, you know, at no additional cost. So once you spin AVS up, you're gonna have the express route circuit. Now, in order to access Azure, you're also gonna have to create an express route gateway. So this wanna make it clear it's not a rate limited circuit, you're gonna get pretty hefty throughput. However, when you do create this gateway, it's gonna have different SKUs, right? So that's what's gonna provide those different port speeds whether it be one gigabit, 10 gigabits per second. There is a setting called FastPath that comes with some of our ultra-performance SKUs and that's gonna allow you to bypass that altogether. But for this example, let's keep it simple, Amy Sandbox, AVS, one gig skew. So going back to this diagram, I see here, you might want to go now and do this. So I can natively talk between those gateways today. And then this is where we see Azure Route Server come in. Okay. So, and what Azure Route Server is gonna do is it's gonna use BGP to dynamically populate route tables in Azure. So with ARS, does this mean Azure and on-prem can see all the networks in AVS? Yes, essentially because ExpressRoute is speaking BGP. So Azure Route Server can dynamically learn any network in AVS and help send that traffic over to its destination. And then the great thing about it is that you don't have to manually create a route table entry every time a new network is created. ARS is gonna take care of that. Oh, that's great. And then I do wanna just call out some key things if you're gonna use the virtual network gateway for the VPN. So for the VPN configuration, firstly, has to be active-active. That mode has to be enabled. So that's what you're seeing here on the left. Otherwise, if you don't have that enabled, you're gonna have to redeploy that gateway. We don't wanna do that. And secondly, when it comes down to Azure Route Server, that's not something that's gonna work by default by viewing that branch-to-branch communication to speak to other spokes and other networks. So that route propagation has to happen by hitting the switch right here, making sure it's enabled for that route-to-route propagation. All right, good to know. And then there are some other things to consider as well, such as maybe enabling BGP on your VPN gateway, but then if you enable BGP, there are some other considerations around ASN numbers, which ones should be assigned. A few different default settings you may want to keep. So this is our public repo that has detailed step-by-steps that discuss these options. And you can view it by going to aks.ms forward slash abs dash vpn dash ergw. And that's gonna take you over to our landing zone accelerator. Okay, so keeping everything the same here, let's shift our focus to that internet access we talked about, how do we turn that on? Right, so we have two options here. The one that you see on the left is the managed SNAT and then the public IP down to the NSX edge. And as you can see from the image on the left, managed SNAT super straightforward, it's exactly what the name says, source network address translation. You hit a button, you have a route to the internet, boom. And then as the name also suggests SNAT, being that it's outbound only. So really we recommend this for testing and POC scenarios. Now, if you want something more robust, more scalable, this is where the public IP option comes into place. It's bi-directional. It's more scalable. You can configure a lot more public IP address. And as you can see here, it has a dedicated internet edge. So that means that that traffic that's going up to the internet is not gonna co-mingle with any traffic that's destined for on-prem or Azure via the AWS ExpressRoute circuit. So we have flexibility here. You can keep that centralized routing in Azure, but you can also have a dedicated path to the internet. This is probably good for low latent workload, which is a low latent path from AVS to out to the internet. Okay, and also, how would I go about going out securely to the internet? Yeah, that is a question, right? Security is like a driver, everything. So with NXXT, which is VMware's networking layer, you do have the opportunity to use IDS IPS, so that's that intrusion detection protection services. And honestly, you can have a few options when it comes to advertising a default route using a firewall in AVS or NXXT. But for the purpose of this video, I'm gonna keep it short and simple. We're gonna keep all these capabilities centralized in Azure. And that does mirror what we see many users of AVS doing today and really gets into the bread and butter, the heart of this design. Okay. So just looking at some of those settings directly from the Azure portal. In AVS, you will have to tell it where you want to have that default route configured. So if we look at that image on the top left, we're gonna see that we're not selecting the managed net or the public IP options. We're hitting that first one that says, we're going to have our own method for advertising that default route. And in this case, that would be that network virtual appliance that we have in Azure. And then next, looking over here at the bottom, we wanna make sure that we have an express route connection from AVS to Azure in place in that hub VNet. And then just to ensure that this works, you're gonna have to have a BGP capable appliance to peer with the Azure route server. And then from there, that NVA could have that quad zero. So it's just looking at how that looks right now. You can see that here with that BGP capable device peer to the Azure route server. So at a minimum, you can see this here, your hub virtual network, it should look like this. You should have an Azure route server. It's gonna be peer to that BGP capable device. And then you're gonna have your gateway submit at minimum. And then here in this diagram, you're gonna see that we call out some of the different things in play here, the different types of BGP. So you see that we have this IBGP going from Azure route server to the gateway submit. That just means that they're gonna be assigned the same ASN number. So they know to keep that BGP internal. And then in terms of EBGP now, that connection simply means that your ASN for your device must be different. So your firewall is gonna have a different ASN from the Azure route server. And I know you might be thinking now, well, how do I know what to what? Like which ASN goes where? Well, we make that really easy for you. For Azure route server, you can't change it. It's gonna have that ASN number of that 65515 and then for the VPN gateway, it's gonna have that 65515 by default. So if it's changed, it's because you've changed it. So we do try to make this a little bit easier for you. Okay, and then right now I see two firewalls. How are we accounting for HA? So high availability, that can be a deep dive in itself. As there are many ways to design your NVAs, especially when it comes to high availability. So we'll likely have a separate video on that, but in short, the easiest thing to do is what you see here, which is taking this firewall NVA. We have two of them. So they're like clients is running on VMs and now they're sitting behind an internal load balancer of type standard. So that network virtual appliance will then have a user defined route that points to the load balancer. And we see the scenario in both multi-region and single region architectures. And there is a method called Next Hop. And this is something that Azure Route Server natively supports. And it varies from firewall to firewall vendor, but for Azure Route Server, there's just no configuration changes that we need to make to utilize that. It's just ideally, you're gonna tell your NVA where to send the traffic, and that Next Hop would be the IP of that internal load balancer. Yeah, so you can see from these images that you could approach this scenario using both a VPN gateway and an express route gateway. And that's what we kind of see here on the right where you're still able to have that pyramid NVA device if you have a VPN gateway also in that hub network. Okay, so this scenario you're using a VPN for mom promises, which would probably be more for the lab or the POC or intermediary until you get your express route connection in. Or even you can use that as a way to do that. You can use that as a backup to your express route. So have your express route to be the preferred connection from on promises, and then maybe VPN as a backup. Yeah, that's correct. That's one of the recommendations that we make. Great, so how hard is it to go from a VPN to express route only hub and spoke scenario? So VPN gateway, just for some background, the reason why we make that recommendation because of the bandwidth, it is going to be capped based on the SKU, let's say like a 10 gigs. And that's really where that recommendation comes from. So just looking from the perspective of the express route, the main thing I wanna mention here, which is very, very important is that with the express route, you don't need to transit to Azure, like at all. We have this method called global reach and that's what's recommended. It's easy to enable, it's a direct low latent connection and it's traversing over the Microsoft backbone. So that's what you would use to basically go from one express route to another, just communicating between those two edges. Now, with that said, there is still a preferred route if you want to go to Azure itself and that would be creating that express route connection. So that was something that we had mentioned before where if you are coming from AVS, you hit that edge, you configured express route connection and you still wanna come down here directly. We don't recommend hitting the edge, global reach, hitting the edge and coming out. Cause ideally what you're doing is you're in Azure, you're leaving Azure, going over to background and coming back into Azure, right? So this is the recommended path if you're going from AVS to Azure directly. That makes a lot more sense. For you in Azure. Yeah. And in our docs, we make it clear exactly which flows are covered in the scenario. So let's say for example, you want to have something like end-to-end filtering, that should be done at either end of the global reach. So you could have a firewall here. So that means that that traffic is already inspected and filtered before it leaves, or you could have that on-prem. That would be our recommendation for end-to-end traffic inspection. Right now what we're covering in this scenario is the different traffic inspection flows going from Azure. So this would be filtered via the firewall NVA from AVS to the hub. The hub can also filter down to the spokes. It could filter to the internet. And then you could also filter your traffic from Azure to on-prem. So the scenario is not for doing end-to-end traffic with a single NVA. I do want to highlight though, one of the more common questions that we get, which is can you transit on a single ExpressRoute gateway? Meaning that this traffic here from on-prem, it's on its gateway. This traffic from AVS is also on its ExpressRoute gateway. And the answer is usually no. It's a medium, soft-ish no. And there are some things that you could do, such as supernetting, so really collapsing your entire network into one big IP address space. And there are some caveats with that. You're going to be heavily relying on user-defined routes to send that traffic where it needs to go. So that is something I would just say to do with careful consideration if you do go down that route. Okay, wow. Yeah, I wouldn't want to handle that network. Yeah, if you're like a customer or network, you have like a lot of just smaller networks in general that you just want to keep small and segmented, I would not go down that route. If you only have a handful of networks in AVS, you could probably get away with that. Okay, so this is how it looks now when we put it all together. And to summarize, what are some of the key points when building this end-to-end that you want us to take away? Sure thing, just looking maybe here. One of the key things that we want to highlight is that you want to use ExpressRoute for maximum bandwidth from on-prem. But the VPN will work too if you do have those bandwidth constraints. And when using ExpressRoute, use GlobalReach to exchange those routes between the on-prem and the AVS. And it also use Azure Route Server and peer-at-wood-a-BGP capable firewall if desired. And if you do want to bypass that gateway, then you would enable FastPath by having a higher skew gateway. What about the VNets themselves? For example, is that spoke traffic also filtered? That's a great question. So let me just tackle that one. So in terms of the Azure VNets themselves, in the spoke, you want to hit this flag, you want to disable route propagation. And what that means is that you're no longer going to rely on Azure appearing because what happens is that traffic can natively bypass the firewall. That is the native behavior with Azure appearing to go directly to the gateway of the peer network. So by enabling this now, you're bringing the firewall into the equation and you'd have that return traffic go back now by using a UDR and you just make the next hop be that IP address of the NVA. And then in the hub itself, in the gateway subnet, you're going to create a UDR for that spoke VNET with a next hop of the NVA. And then just in terms of some of the peering between the hub and spoke, so if that spoke needs to talk back to on-prem, you just want to make sure that you're enabling a selling call remote gateway. So when you enable that for the hub, this will have the spoke VNET network advertised via express route on the hub. And then if you do need to go multi-region, you would just enable global peering between those two hubs. So that's kind of the scenario in a nutshell. And just even in terms of that multi-region guidance, we have a lot of information, design principles, and that's some of the latest additions to our GitHub repo. So please visit it. There's a lot of great information there. There's white papers. We really deep dive into some of those hybrid connectivity scenarios. So those are just some of the links that we have listed here. This case of the aka MS, go to ABS dual region and then also aka.ms AVF design basics. Great. So my last question, towards the end, we bring up using that VWAN hub with a customer managed WAN. Are there other reasons to go with the VWAN topology? That's another great question. And it's also like a top five hit when it comes to questions. So I think it's important to emphasize sometimes the use case a little bit more than the tool. And the reason I say that is because hub and spoke in Azure VWAN and theory they're solving the same use cases discussed earlier. So there are some key differences when it comes to how VWAN is gonna handle these use cases. The first one being that Azure VWAN is managed. So that transitivity that express route to VPN to a LAN to AVS is built in without the need for spinning up Azure route server. So that's the first thing. And then natively you can use Azure firewalls. So that's another strong selling point because Azure firewall today does not speak BGP, which is why you saw earlier, we were using that BGP capable NVA, I kept saying BGP capable. So the use case for Azure firewall is a really strong use case for Azure VWAN. But of course you could use an NVA there as well. Just look at, make sure it's some of those recommendations for using NVAs with the VWAN. And another thing that that secure VWAN does have more of an upfront cost, especially when you talk about Azure firewall or tacking on an NVA. However, a hub and spoke is gonna have a more variable cost.  But long story short, to answer your question, it's a design preference. If you're comfortable managing your networks and you use it to find routes and stuff like that, then you know, absolutely go hub and spoke. But if you know you're thinking that you have like 20 or so branch offices and heaps of express routes and VPNs, this might be an attractive look as well. So we do have step-by-step guidance for anyone that wants to go down that route. Okay, and you mentioned global reach. What if I'm in a region without having accessibility to global reach? If you don't have global reach, there's some things that you can do in your hub and spoke environment. There's some routes that you could configure, you know, between NVAs and using that as a router. Another option that you could look at is secure VLAN hub where there's the route intent and that can filter between two secure hubs using Azure firewall. So those are just some options there as well. Great. So we covered a lot of ground here today and I'm gonna try to recap it. We covered connectivity from on-premises with either a customer WAN VPN connection or customer purchase express route because you get an express route with your AVS solution. We described how to use a BGP capable firewall for default route advertisement and centralizing routing by peering it with Azure route server or ARS. And then we also showed ARS, using ARS for transit between express route and that VPN gateway. Then we disabled route propagation to steer return traffic into pure VNUTS back through the firewall. And then best practice was to note your traffic flows, what needs to route where, which routes need to be secure and which routes need to talk to the internet. Yeah, exactly. You did a great job, Amy. Thanks for capturing all of that. And you know, we not gonna just, so it leads us to chance, you can find all this information and more in our landing zone accelerator. So this GitHub also hosts the landing accelerator code where you can find codes such as Terraform, Bicep, Azure portal experience to really help you get this up and going based on some of the common patterns that we've seen. And we're only touching the tip of the iceberg here. There are so many things to consider when it comes to routing, not just for AVS, but Azure in general. So please see our network design page with in-depth white paper so that you have the information that you need to make a really informed decision. And just for the latest information on the product, always go back to the Azure VMware solution product page. That's always being updated frequently. You drive a lot of these requirements. So we're always looking there to just see some of the latest network design considerations just so from additional coverage on that hub and spoke architecture design patterns that we referenced today. Okay, well, thank you so much for this thorough explanation, not only of the design but giving kind of a clearer picture of some of the components to look for when you're building your AVS landing zone. So please be sure to check out some of our Get Started guides here in the GitHub repo as Sabine pointed out. Thanks for joining me, Sabine. Oh, anytime. Thank you for having me, Amy. No problem. Take care.


Hi and welcome to school puzzle. I'm your host Sarah and this is the show we chat with everyday entrepreneurs about everything that goes into starting a new venture. Almost 30 is one of the top rated lifestyle podcasts out there with over 12 million downloads reaching people in more than 150 countries. This podcast was co-founded and brought to life by LA based best friends Krista Williams and Lindsay Simpsick. Almost 30 initially started as a conversation about the transition between your 20s and your 30s but it's become much more than that and explores topics such as health, wellness, entrepreneurship, spirituality, self-development and more and it's truly become a community and a movement. Krista and Lindsay, welcome to the show. Thanks for having us. Love a good bio read. Yeah, you got it. You guys have done so much. It's really impressive. Can you just tell the audience a little bit about almost 30 in your own words? Yeah, so Lindsay and I started almost 30, you know, about five years ago now. We recorded on our closet floors for about a year before we launched the show but really the impetus of the show was feeling really lost and feeling like as soon as we were in our late 20s we didn't have the answers to anything we wanted the answers for in our life. We had gotten to a point where we were in the jobs that we thought we would want or the careers that we thought we would want but we still weren't happy. We still felt like we weren't ourselves. We didn't know how to navigate relationships. We didn't know how to dabble in spirituality and so, you know, when we were at Bulletproof Coffee one day we were having a really deep conversation that felt different than other conversations and I said you want to start a podcast and we started recording our really deep intimate raw conversations on our closet floors and then eventually a year later we finally launched the show and really the mission is to help support people in their spiritual evolution which can sometimes feel really lonely so we wanted to give them the community support and tools to feel like their best self. When you first started you said you started filming in your closet well you started recording in your closet which is amazing. I love like the bootstrap element of that. Did you film a bunch of episodes and then release them over a period of time or how did you plan ahead for building this into the podcast it is today? Yeah we started in Krista's closet and then in like a spare room in a house I was living in with a bunch of people and you know that was a really important time it was like an incubation time for this idea and this entity that is almost 30 and we really got to hone our communication with each other we got to like fine-tune exactly what felt good and authentic to share because there's so much we could cover but we wanted to make sure that we were being super intentional and then just like the technical side of like working that out you know we didn't know what we were doing at all. I've never hosted or started a podcast neither has she but we both have backgrounds interestingly you know in things that really have served us throughout the life of almost 30 thus far I was you know an actress in theater in production and just kind of having like a sense of you know what we would need to get started. Krista's super business savvy and and so it really worked well from the get-go but yeah it was it was after about a year of having these conversations that we were like okay you know it didn't feel ready it didn't feel like perfect. It never feels ready but sometimes you just have to put it out there and get started you know. Yes exactly and that was I think you know what a theme of ours that we we've stood by throughout where it might not be perfect and I might not feel ready but there's a feeling of this is right and intuitively we knew that putting this out there would then feed the inspiration the next thing that we would do the creativity going forward. So how did you decide on the topics you were going to be talking about because I know that you had that really deep conversation and sometimes when you have those conversations there's a lot of different things that comes into your mind that you might want to show on the podcast but how do you fine-tune it and choose like okay let's let's start with this as the first episode and let's evolve it to where it is today. Yeah I think for us we started more maybe relationships focus yeah it was a little 20s or so yes exactly you're like it was hilarious you know that kind of thing so it was more relationship focused and then we were more health and wellness and now we're really more spirituality and it was just a natural evolution of what we were going through and I think that's what's so beautiful about entrepreneurship and about people starting their own podcast or starting their own business is that it's your business it can reflect whatever stage you're at or whatever experience you're having and that's what makes it the most authentic expression of you and we've really let it expand and evolve in what we've talked about you know we've had conversations about Feng Shui we've had conversations about aliens we had conversations about um racial inequality and white privilege you know years ago so we really let our conversation really be the guide and we've meant to or we really tried to lean on more so us being the best versions of ourselves because that's what people are invested in rather than like the topic itself.  I think you know there's a few reasons why but there is something so special about taking the visual out of receiving information and listening and I think it heightens you know your senses to what you're actually taking in um I think we are so visually stimulated these days on social media all the things and so I find as a listener you know when I'm listening to a podcast or even an audiobook sometimes I am able to be more present I'm not as distracted. In a way you are more present because there's less stimulus whereas if you're on youtube sometimes there's all these videos that appear on the side and it's like a lot going on. Yeah it's true and I was even blogging before you know so I tried blogging I was like doing the thing and I didn't love that I felt like it was like so one-dimensional because I can say something online and I think we can see this very acutely right now with the internet you know someone could tweet something and have an intention behind it that is not interpreted by people or vice versa and I never felt like my true authentic meaning was coming through what I was saying and when you hear me you're really hearing me you're hearing my tonality you're hearing my cadence you're hearing my enthusiasm you're hearing my emotion and so there's a real true sense of expression that is felt with the podcast that um you know we really connected to. So what did you guys do to start the podcast successfully? Just start and I know that's like kind of over said but you know that was definitely an important piece of not waiting for that perfection but I think taking it seriously you know we really were struck by this idea um and felt really lucky to have been like tapped on the shoulder by this thing almost 30 and felt a responsibility and so um we showed up for it every single day. We were really in a season of intense learning and so we really had to show up fully every single day we were both working full-time jobs we worked full-time jobs for the first two and a half years and that really afforded us the you know financial freedom to be able to just pour into this creative endeavor without putting the pressure of this needs to make me money right now. Right. And I think that's what gave it space to become what it has become but yeah I think you know it's it's nice to have a partner so we had the accountability each other and like the motivation there but we would show up to record we would have meetings we would just really treat it like the business we knew it could become. Do you have any tips on working with partners in business because I mean I have some friends that have started businesses with partners and some have worked out some have absolutely not and have ended with legal issues. Yeah I think we had to do it wrong for a while before and I say wrong because I just think we were not aware of you know the impact that our relationship had on our flow within the business just to give you background Christa and I met you know a year like literally met and then started the podcast shortly after so. Wow so this has been your whole relationship pretty much is the podcast. Exactly. Maybe that's a good thing because like it started that way and so there was no you know. Frequency of notions or anything like that totally. Exactly and it's it's just been you know the coolest thing as of late you know within the last year or so to focus on our relationship and get really just get really clear about that connection and how important that is. Totally so when you guys started the podcast it was a kind of newer concept and I consider you guys like pro podcasters a lot of people want to start podcasts today so I'd love to hear any advice you have. Yeah of course and we actually started you know podcast pro to just help people do that so we do have like courses and programs that we work with people on. Check it out everyone. Oh yes yeah it's really good but you know what I always say to people is that you know we were sort of building the car as it was moving so the idea and what we were creating was really fortified through us doing the thing and us recording and I always say for people rather than sort of focusing on your topic and kind of getting strategic with things is just start recording yourself start getting comfortable hearing yourself whether you're using the recording app on your phone or whether you are getting a Yeti mic whatever it is just start getting comfortable speaking and having your voice heard I think is really important. The point about that is just that it doesn't have to be you know we have really nice microphones now it doesn't need to be the the top of the line out the gate you know I don't want we don't want that stopping you at all. And then also too I always suggest for people to just keep their idea and their creative expression of what they want their podcast to be maybe to themselves for a little bit as they're ideating as they're ruminating it's really helpful to get advice and perspectives from people but sometimes when you're bringing a dream or idea through people who haven't achieved their dreams or who haven't gone through their fullest expression of themselves can project on you and sort of dim what you're trying to create. When you guys first started putting out the episodes it sounds like you were share you share really personal stories and how were you okay were you scared were you nervous to share these stories? Yeah it we kind of learned the hard way in terms of over sharing in the beginning and I think now we just share very vulnerably but more thoughtfully but in the beginning I mean we were getting calls and texts from family and friends being like what's the hell and it was never like that we were talking it was more I didn't even know that about you or things like that and yeah I think that was like a lesson we had to learn. How do you deal with the the growth of it though so in the beginning you only have a few people listening but then as time goes on I mean you guys have over 12 million downloads you have this in over 150 countries there's so many people that can go back to old episodes and and listen to what you've said and how do you how do you use that Sarah don't freak me out dude come on I thought I think about that all the time I'm like you know with the evolution of culture today and sort of you know a newfound awareness of certain things you know you think about when you're in high school you're like I did stuff that I would never do now and it is a little interesting to think about four years ago what we were talking about or how different we were from from today and how much we've had growth in but I can only be forgiving to myself and others on their their growth and I can only focus on you know my my journey and my learning in real time I think that's with any endeavor if we get caught up in like what if you know that kind of thing it can kind of throw us off so I choose to just focus on how can I be the best I can be in the moment and how can I just love those parts to me that were saying totally a hundred times in the first episode what are some of the ways that as podcasters you can make a living doing this we from the beginning when we started to monetize it was about six months in or so and Krista had leveraged some relationships she had with you know brands through her blogging experience and so we started to have conversations around ad spots on the podcast because we really loved these brands we use them ourselves so most of our revenue up until this day has been podcast ad spot revenue and you know it's been such a learning learning how to cultivate those relationships maintain those relationships deliver you know a product that we are proud of to build the trust with our audience so that these campaigns are successful yeah we've also just gotten really creative and inspired along the way by our community and we've launched and created courses programs workshops live digital workshops this last year in person events live shows so you've worked with big brands like Tory birch and hum nutrition how do you connect with those brands it's interesting a lot of our partner brands have actually been listeners of the podcast oh cool that's the best way to get them honestly it's actually the best it truly is like I'd say 80% are listeners and fans and know of us so they reach out through that way so but for people finding sponsors and brands you know just really aligning with people that you actually use and I often tell you know podcasters that we work with with coaching to think about walking through your day you know you wake up on a cast for mattress with brook linen sheets and you brush your teeth with toms of main toothpaste and then you know x y and z and that can really help you to figure out which brands would be a good fit in which brands would align with you because there's actually more brands that we interact with on a daily basis as people very interesting so you talked a little bit about doing live workshops in 2020 because of the pandemic you had to shift your business model a bit uh so how have you changed things because of the pandemic yeah at the top of 2020 we were planning to go on tour again we had been on tour previously that must have been so fun it was so fun and then we were going to host our annual retreat in Malibu we were excited to do all of these in-person things and so um you know around March we we knew that and we were planning a festival of sorts like it was like a whole thing as soon as this ends honestly we couldn't have done a festival we I know I know I'm so grateful you know what you can do the festival I believe in you guys I don't know well after this year we realized that you know being able to reach even more people digitally is super powerful less lift you know like I mean less lift on our part and they're like you have to hire security for your festival we're like oh it's like things you never would have thought about and you're like oh wow okay yeah that makes sense security definitely is important yes insane but yeah we just thankfully we were able to pivot really quickly um and basically take the templates of you know our in-person workshops and events and bring that digitally to you know a zoom event so we started the new paradigm digital workshop series where we brought our favorite teachers healers and experts you know in the spaces of spirituality and health and wellness and just anything and everything really to have these online gatherings um and it was rad I mean there were people from all over the world joining for healings for connection just to learn more about themselves you know in a time when it was really heavy and really um yeah you need that connection because like taking away all socialization is it's us as human beings we're social people so it's so difficult to not have those moments and it sounds like what you guys did is create those moments yes it was digital but it's it's still connecting with people so what is your next plan for almost 30 podcast yeah um I think this year really just hit home how important community connection um and and learning and community is um especially for um our female audience and so we are working on a really special way for all of us to connect um on a platform that is safe and inclusive and just provides a space for people to be themselves to be vulnerable to have the resources that they need you know for their evolution and have a really good time like it sounds I'm really excited it's happening in a couple months so that sounds very exciting and it definitely sounds like something that is very much needed in the world today so I'm so glad that you're creating um can you guys talk a little bit about like your social presence and how you promote the podcast um on social media by the way just to get the word out there yeah social media I mean social media for us has been you know one of the greatest catalysts for our growth and for really having a two-way conversation with our community and with our listeners and with our audience and that's what we really use it you know as is as um market research as connection as an information gathering tool which is market research but we just use it for a lot of different ways not only just to promote and market the show even though that's really what it's done um it's an extension of the brand so for anyone that has a podcast you know we always talk about when we're coaching people if you have a channel that you're working on through Instagram or through Twitter whatever preferred platform that you're on to really double down and use that as a promotion channel for your podcast you can also create a separate channel which is what Lindsay and I did for almost 30 podcasts on Instagram which now kind of lives and breathes on its own without Lindsay and I but I think it's you know instrumental so we'll promote shows we'll promote content related to the show we'll promote funny memes we'll promote connection among community and it really should just be like that extension of the brand so what's one piece of advice that you'd give to everyday entrepreneurs like yourself I would say that as much as I've invested in my own personal work whether that's therapy or whether that's intentional rest or whether that's being honest in my relationships and having good friends around me and nourishing my body and nourishing my health whatever that work may be for people I've seen it pay dividends in our business so if I'm heavily meditated I'm able to make much more rational decisions I'm able to be much more thoughtful I'm able to be better to our team or if I'm well rested I'm able to show it better in our business or if I've taken a full break for a day I'm able to show it better in our business or if Lindsay and I are having really hard honest conversations about our relationship we're able to really show up in the podcast better so as much as I've invested in myself we've seen it in almost 30 and everything that I do so I always just want to you know note to entrepreneurs that you can really make this an extension of you and to really do the work on yourself through the whole process because your business brand whatever is really an extension of you that's beautiful and I completely agree with you on that I think if you're not in a good place yourself then it's really hard to make your business be in a good place I mean you've seen that over and over again with many businesses that there's issues with the leadership and it kind of is just a domino effect where the whole business becomes unraveled so investing in yourself investing in your health whether that's physical mental so important what is one thing that you'd say you learned along the way that you wish you could go back and tell those girls sitting in the closet recording that first podcast I think for me personally I've talked about this on the podcast but just trusting myself um you know along the way trusting that you know my gifts what I'm interested in what lights me up is really really valuable to what we're doing I think when you start a business it can hold up a mirror to some of your biggest insecurities and shadows and so while I was working on those I also wish I would have just honored and illuminated more of the things that are really great about me where do you guys get your inspiration from for for just the topics of the episodes and and on that note are there any people like idols that you have that continuously inspire you to create um I think just a lot of our own curiosity inspires what we talk about on the show a lot of our own growth like in real time um Krista and I share solo episodes and often that is something that we've either just processed or maybe going through um but yeah it's interesting like I definitely recommend having people that you know you look up to and who inspire you but I think so much of our content creation of our next moves and what we aspire to be like kind of comes from within us and um I try not to idolize people because I know they're humans too you guys have had so many huge people on your show how do you get them on the show yeah we got a lot of nose got a lot of nose up first we got get nose for two years and just keep trying and then eventually maybe they'll say yeah um we had that a lot you know we had as example Marie Forleo on last year and she said no to us you know two years prior and you just kind of keep trying and we really have found that it is a fit when it's meant to be a fit even though that's easier to say on on this side of people actually saying yes yeah um but I do think that it is finding creative ways to truly connect with people whether it's through DM or email by being just really personable and truthful and being like a human not like just giving like a page long page yeah not like mass emailing a template what is your proudest almost 30 moment going out on tour and you know the tour itself I was proud of but I think the reception that we received was just so heartwarming and we were having one-on-one conversations with people from the community that just confirmed for me that we were truly on our path and that what we were doing was actually helping people and I just loved that I was like wow this is actually the this is actually what it's about it's been so wonderful speaking with you guys today is there anything else that you'd like our viewers and our listeners to know before we wrap up this interview yeah just want them to know about podcast bro so Lindsay and I from recording on our closet floors to now you know we never felt like there was a resource that was comprehensive and real and authentic and we wanted to create one for people that want to get their voices heard through a podcast so podcast pro helps people to launch to grow or to monetize their dream podcast so you can go to podcast pro or you go to yourpodcastpro.com it's been wonderful having you guys on the show thank you for everyone that joined us and thanks to everyone who tuned in today if you want to learn more about almost 30 podcasts you can visit almost30.com and be sure to follow them on instagram at almost 30 podcasts it's Krista and Lindsay Simpsick that is all for this edition of school hustle keep up with our other episodes on youtube apple podcast google podcast or wherever you stream and download podcast and if you like what you heard today please leave a review share with your friends and subscribe to our show we'll see you next time bye


Water is essential for human beings' life. Our daily life is consuming a lot of water, but also discharged a lot of wastewater. For example, in 2014, only in China, near 14 billion tons of wastewater was discharged. Wastewater contained many pollutants, like organics, nitrogen, phosphorus, bacteria, caused serious water pollution. Over the world, near 4,000 children die every day for pure water quality, and 700 million people are suffering from water shortage problems. For emulating water pollution, many wastewater treatment plants have been constructed, but limited by the traditional process, normally the effluent cannot meet the standard for water reuse, and the huge energy is consumed by aerator, pumps, and so on. So here, we propose a research idea, that is, innovative wastewater management tries to recycle wastewater and recover energy contained in wastewater, tries to maximize use of wastewater resources. So, we can imagine, someday, you lost yourself in an outdoor of exploration, running off water, there is a river in front, but apparently, it's too dirty to drink. If there are such devices, it can devise dirty water into drinkable water that must be very excited. In our lab, Kaminin used its membrane technology. It's the same film with a porous structure during the filtration of wastewater, suspended bacteria, and other impurities can be rejected while water can pass through the membrane, produce the clean water. So, with this advantage, membrane technology can be combined with other treatment processes. For example, we can use a membrane technology combined by a technology together for my innovative technology, namely, membrane bioactor with the stable efferent, with high quality, can be produced. The efferent of membrane bioactor normally is free of bacteria and can be reused for toilet flushing and the landscape irrigation and also can be reused for industrial water supply and even portable water if the deep treatment was further applied. Carbon, as a main pollutant in wastewater, is a potential source of energy. But in traditional wastewater treatment process, the carbon is degraded by adding external energy, not recovering. If we use microorganisms as biocatalysts, recovering the carbon becomes possible. Microorganisms usually have a very small size and a huge surface area and while they exist in land-water atmosphere, they have a very high metabolic ability. By using this powerful microorganism, chemical energy in wastewater can be recovered in different ways. For example, using bioelectro-system can directly produce electricity and if we use the anaerobic digesting, we can produce the methane, heating gas, then we can get the semitinously with water treatment and energy recovering. Recently, one rapidly developing direction that is electricity generation, some special bacteria can act as organics in wastewater and semitinously produce electricity. Produced electricity can be recovered and be utilized in certain in wastewater treatment itself, reduce its energy consumption. So through membrane technology and biotechnology respectively, wastewater can be recovered for recycling water and the source in wastewater and the energy be recovering. For practical application of this technology, we still have many challenges For example, we need to develop more robust membrane and more effective membrane-falling treatment technology for wider application and for bioelectro-system, we also need effort to enhance the power production and reduce the equipment cost. So through break this technique challenge, we hope future new wastewater management model, the wastewater is no longer wasted and should be resource and energy. Thank you for your attention.


Hello, my name is Tracy Berry and I'm going to be your instructor for Office 2010 New Features. As we go through and take a look at some of the features a bit about myself, I have a background for past 20 years within the computer industry and I've worked with the Office Suite since there was an Office Suite. So all the versions of Office I've been working with, so it's very exciting to share with you some of the new exciting features and I look forward to working with you. The Office Interface 2010 chapter is going to take a look at how we work with the new interface. We're also going to take a look at Live Preview and a new item called Backstage View so that you can have new exciting ways to work with maneuvering, opening and saving your files. Office Interface allows you to utilize the ribbon. We also have Live View, Dialog Box and some other exciting features that will allow you to quickly organize and customize the ribbon and Office Interface. The Excel Ribbon. We're looking at the Home tab on the Excel ribbon and the Excel ribbon is made up of tabs and groups within the tab. If we take a look at the groups such as font, alignment, several key shortcuts and features that are organized by alignment and font will then be generated and created within those. We also have the ability to have contextual ribbon tabs. These will appear as necessary when necessary and they also will be in the future and changing depending on what it is that we're looking at. We'll have galleries as well and galleries will be a great help so that we can organize all of our styles for example or any other built in elements and catalogs of references that belong and exist within all of the various Office products. Cell Styles Gallery is an example of one of the galleries that would be available to you. This is broken out by titles and headings. We also have number formats and we'll have the ability as well to create new styles, merge styles, change existing styles and see samples such as these live previews of what they will look like as we begin to apply them. Galleries are the key place where all of these styles and several other types of interactions will be stored and used within Office 2010. Live preview is the capability to be able to work with something such as a cell style and the cells that are selected on the screen are then able to have a sample of what it would look like to use that style. And so if you point and hover over a style it will change and show us the live preview. Once we commit to a style and decide to work with it, simply left mouse click and then it permanently applies that particular style to the cell area in this case that happened to have been selected. Live preview is also available for many other formatting options in many other regions within Office 2010. Another feature of the ribbon is the dialog box launcher. On the ribbon below each group when it's applicable we will see a dialog box launcher icon. When that is clicked the dialog box itself will be presented. Dialog boxes give us more features. In this scenario we have a set of number formats but if the number formats that were present aren't exactly what we need we have the full capabilities within Excel to go in in this case and change specifically the formats we're after for that specific number. The alignment, the font, border, fill and cell protection. Many features on the Office ribbon will possess the dialog box launcher and it will open up more options regarding that specific group. Quick access toolbar is the ability to create your own shortcuts. If you want to add a commonly used command and you don't want to have to go to the group or the tab to find it you can go ahead and right mouse click on a ribbon element and you may choose to add to the quick access toolbar. This is located in the upper left and you may customize this for all of your favorites, everyday sort of common commands that you most frequently use to save you the time of going to the specific ribbon group to find all of your favorite features within your Office products. Hidden commands can also happen. If there is something we would like to hide a command or to show a command certain commands can be hidden. Some commands cannot be completely deleted although you can add your own new tabs, new groups and customize the quick access but you cannot get rid of the built-in features. However, hiding them is available to you so that if there is a feature that you never use you can go ahead and take that away from the space so that your ribbon is truly fully customized to be exactly what you need when you need it. And it's very easy to go ahead and add and take away but remember we can never delete because what is built-in is built-in and that must stay. However, we can choose to decide if it's going to be visible or not on the ribbon groups and in the quick access bar. Most of the Office products have a status bar and down in that status bar for example in Excel we have the ability to look at the specific views that are available. Not all the Office products have multiple views majority of them do but when you have multiple views you can switch between for example in Excel a normal view, page layout view, page break view and by having this access down in the status bar as well status bars are very helpful because they let us know oftentimes what page we're on status of an equation and formulas in Excel and many other features so don't rule out the status bar always take a look at the bottom because you get some great statistics within the Office suite as to what's happening currently within that document and within that particular function that you're working in the status bar is a great way to see what's happening within your products. The status bar is where the zoom buttons and slide bar typically reside. The zoom level by default and most products and documents are going to be set to 100%. However, at any given time we could quickly zoom out or in by clicking upon these icons. We also have the ability to manually adjust it and left mouse click hold down and move the slide bar. By moving the slider bar we are then zooming in or out a bit dynamically and not having to do it in several increments and zooming is extremely helpful in all of the Office products as it is the main way that we can go in and quickly discern between the full layout when we zoom out or we can zoom in and see great detail and customize many of the projects that you'll be working on.


Welcome folks, we had the Dow industry was up 27, NASDAQ up 9, S&Ps down 2, bottom line, you have the sideways market out here, light volume, we'll see what the holiday trading is actually starting early, I don't think it is, and we have three more days, so this will be a full week, next week, the week afterwards, guess what, that's the end of 2019, this market would basically, I suspect, it's going to be low liquidity, the machines will be running the market for two weeks, and the real question is that those machines get momentum on the way up or on the way down, this market's been going up for a long period of time, so it's real easy, they can get momentum on the way up, and if they get going, they could really do some heavy deals, we'll see where it's going to shake out, bottom line out here today though, sideways market life volume, gold, gold contract flat 1480, you get silver at 17.05, that was down 6 cents, light sweet crude is pressed on higher, you get it up 69 cents, trading $60.90, that is at the highs that were generated out here, when the Saudi oil fails did get blown up, bottom line was going to blow through that number, notes and bonds continue to want higher price, we had the 10-year out here today, up two ticks, the 30, up three ticks, and it's not, I'm not saying that they want higher price, low yield, because they were up only two to three ticks today, what we had out here is that we went higher last week, we backed down into that strength with tremendously lighter volume, really out here today, you got a market that was flat to actually slightly lower, with a huge contraction of volume once again, so you have no sellers down at these lower points, Kingdala up 266, trading 97-225, Kingdala is building costs to get to the 95 area, the euros at 111, the yen is at 109.5 and the pound is at 131, the pound gave it back big time today folks, the pound just went in two days from 135 back to 131, now we had started out when Johnson basically got a decisive victory in the UK, it was at 131.80 or at 131.29, had gone all the way up to 135, with the victory, bottom line, they came out today saying that a year from now they are out of that period, that shouldn't have been a surprise anyway though, because that was inside as manifesto as he was going for the election. Have a great night folks, have a safe night, we look forward to speaking right back here, tomorrow morning 9 o'clock, come join our man, Mr. Larry Pezzavento, Outstanding Show.


This is stock number 10234A, we are here at Summit Automotive in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, you're new and used light duty truck headquarters. Today we are checking out this Super Clean 2013 Ford F-150 Super Crew Short Box, 5.5 foot. From this HD video you will be able to tell that for the age and miles this truck is in really nice condition all the way around. No major dents, dings or cracks on that front bumper. Factory fog lights, white platinum tricode, metallic is the color. We shoot all of our videos in 1080p so if you have HD capabilities on your computer tablet or smartphone device turn them on right now because it is like you're right here looking at the vehicle with me and definitely your best way to check out the vehicle before seeing it in person. And if you want to check out this vehicle on our website in the upper right hand part of the screen here is a link to this vehicle on our website, click those or click that link and go right to our website to look at all the photos. Ford ear wrangler, 275-65R18 tires and they have probably about I'd say 50% of the tread left. Alloy rims with the chrome covers in really nice shape, didn't see any dents or dings on that front fender, headlight lenses are nice and clear. Chrome trim grills in nice condition as well, passenger side fender and the hood is in nice shape, didn't see any dents or dings on that. passenger side fender is in great condition as well and the passenger side rim, no scuffs or scrapes there. As you go down this side of the truck you can see just how clean that body is, how reflective and mirror like that paint is. We take these HD videos so if you're far away or even if you're close by and just cannot make the trip down you can still see the truck here, the truck and have confidence in the vehicle that you're looking at before you even get here. So that when you do get here there's absolutely no surprises. In fact you can do the Summit Fastpass option on our website where you can apply for financing, get a quote on your trade, check out payments and basically do everything on your deal right on our website so when you get here all you gotta do is look at the truck, drive it, love it and you're all set to go. Back rim is in nice condition as well and the back tires have just as much tread as the front tires, you can see the frame and the box rails are in excellent shape and more rockers look pretty good. Just a little bit of corrosion starting which is pretty common on this body style. Didn't see any denser dings on the box there, chrome tipped exhaust, rear bumpers in really nice shape, no denser dings on that, full towing package which includes a receiver hitch and your 4 pin and 7 pin wiring down there. Has a lund soft tonneau cover, it's in okay condition, I didn't see any rips or tears on it, definitely not brand new but pretty decent. You can really see that white platinum tricote metallic paint there, the metal flake in it, didn't see any denser dings on the tailgate. Has the linex spraying bed liner, that's in really nice shape as well, tailgate shuts nice and solidly and as you go down this side of the truck just as clean as that passenger side, once again we just want to make sure you get the most accurate representation so when you get here there's no surprises and you'll be all ready to go. This back rim is in nice condition as well, no scuffs or scrapes on that and that tire actually looks like it has the most tread of all of them but a little over half the tread there. Has the capitalist fuel fill which is a really nice feature, if you've ever used it, down this side doors are in excellent shape as well. Has the power folding mirrors with the built in directional signals, blind spot mirror and they are heated. Has the driver side door code entry which we do have the code for. Inside the lariat package gives you the gray leather interior, no rips or tears on the seat, does have the memory driver seat. We got some all-weather motor trend floor mats, the carpeting is really nice and clean underneath. Power windows, power locks, power mirrors, like I said these mirrors power fold in like so. You get auto headlamps and power pedals and as you hop inside the truck here you can see that this one has 91,000 and six miles. You get the digital interface right there display, the leather wrapped steering wheel, Bluetooth and audio controls on the right, cruise controls and information center controls on the left. Six speed automatic transmission, turn dial four-wheel drive factory brake controller, this one has the heated seat buttons right here, also has the, this is the MyFord touch radio, this is where your backup camera shows up as well and it does have AM, FM and Sirius XM radio capabilities. You do get your stability control, roll stability control up there. Dual climate control down here, wood grain trim, sync system for your cell phone. Two USBs, has a red, white and yellow auxiliary jack and then an SD card slot. I believe if you get the navigation card you could probably put that in there and it would work with the radio but you'd have to check with a Ford store for that information. Headliner is nice and clean, no rips or tears and that has the home link buttons for your garage door security systems and lighting systems and the power sign rear window and map lights above. We'll take a quick look at the back seats and then we'll check out under the hood. Back seats are just as clean as the front seats, no rips or tears back here.  Power slide rear window with built-in rear defrost. These seats do fold up for extra storage and has the nice flat floor back here and we do have those all-weather formats back here as well. We'll take a quick look under the hood. I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today. Hopefully from this HD video you will have been able to tell just how clean this truck is all the way around inside and out. Under the hood we have the 3.5 liter V6 EcoBoost motor. Engine bay is very clean, runs very smooth. This truck has been fully safety and inspected by our service shop has a fresh oil and filter change. All the fluids have been checked and topped off. The truck has been gone through mechanically 100% and is 100% ready to go. To see more pictures of this truck or one of our other 450 new and used cars, trucks, SUVs, minivans, Wranglers, halftons, three-quarter tons, one tons, you name it. We got it. Go to our website www.summitauto.com full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle from two locations all at summitauto.com. If you'd like to check out more HD videos you can go to youtube.com slash summitauto. Remember to like, subscribe, and share on this video and all the videos that you see there. In fact in a second you will see a link to subscribe to our YouTube channel on your left. A link to more halftone truck videos like this one on your right if you have not been to our website. On the bottom link to this vehicle on our website click those, check us out, and we really look forward to help you with this super clean 2013. Forward F-150 super crew, five and a half foot short box, EcoBoost, Larry at Package. Thanks again.


Radio waves, radio waves are a type of electromagnetic radiation with wave lengths in the electromagnetic spectrum longer than infrared light. Radio waves have frequencies as high as 300 J HZ2 as low as 30 Hz. At 300 GHz, the corresponding wavelength is 1 mm, and at 30 Hz is 10,000 km. Like all other electromagnetic waves, radio waves travel at the speed of light. They are generated by electric charges undergoing acceleration, such as time-parrying electric currents. Naturally a current radio waves are emitted by lightning and astronomical objects. Radio waves are generated artificially by transmitters and received by radio receivers, using antennas. Radio waves are very widely used in modern technology for fixed and mobile radio communication, broadcasting, radar and other navigation systems, communications satellites, wireless computer networks and many other applications. Different frequencies of radio waves have different propagation characteristics in the Earth's atmosphere. Long waves can diffract around obstacles like mountains and follow the contour of the Earth. Ground waves shorter waves can reflect off the ionosphere and return to Earth beyond the horizon with sky waves while much shorter wavelengths bend or diffract very little and travel on a line of sight, so their propagation distances are limited to the visual horizon. To prevent interference between different users, the artificial generation and use of radio waves is strictly regulated by law, coordinated by an international body called the International Telecommunications Union ITU which defines radio waves as electromagnetic waves of frequencies arbitrarily lower than 300 GHz, propagated in space without artificial guide. The radio spectrum is divided into a number of radio bands on the basis of frequency, allocated to different uses.