So I'm here today to talk about the work of Lucy Orte. The social power and importance of restoring communal bonds and the belief that this can be done through an artistic practice is at the heart of Orte's ove. Her impulse to begin creating works of art did not originate in an individualistic notion of self-expression but as an empathetic response to a crisis. Trained and working in the fashion field it was the suffering and displacement caused by the Gulf War and ensuing economic recession that inspired her first series of artistic works. Using her fashion background she began sketching ideas for multi-purpose garments that would address the needs of the homeless and marginalized victims impacted by the conflict. The first work of the series refugee wear habitant as its name implies is a weatherproof outer garment that transforms into a tent providing a habitat, a semblance of private space protection and sanctuary to those suddenly deprived of such basic comforts. Later clothing based works expanded quickly from this first effort becoming more interventionist placing individuals and pairs in refuge wear in public places to disrupt the complacency of the urban street and then developing into conjoined outfits known as nexus architecture worn by large groups of participants parading through cities, deserts and political protests connected by link garments. Beginning with all in one basket from 1997 through her ongoing 70 by seven meal projects or to like many feminist artists of the past return to the traditional maternal role of providing nourishment and encouraging familial bonding through the shared meal to provide a direct political engagement with the real world. The first 70 by seven meal was held in 2000 in the galleries of Kunzbram Innsbruck for 14 invited guests. I'm sorry, I'm one behind. The second was arranged in a small village of Diz where 1,950 of the town's citizens or two thirds were seated at one table which stretched from the salt mines to the town hall. Almost 30 such events over almost 20 years of various sizes and in various locales have been presented since then. Each becomes its own unique work with specially designed royal limoush plates and printed tablecloths modulating the theme and iconography while the placement in town squares, galleries or an open field alters the institutional context. Orch's work is often praised for its graceful bridging of disparate fields such as fashion and art, art and performance, and activism, yet its specific similarities, particularly in these food-based works to feminist art projects that also worked in this liminal space seems to have been missed. Her communal works are most often associated with the social situation making theorized by Nicholas Borio's relational aesthetics rather than as a performance history that would link Orta with collaborative production and performance structures of pioneering feminist artists like Judy Chicago, Suzanne Lacy, Leslie Labowitz, and the interventionist histories of Adrian Piper, Alan R. Anton, and Valley Export. Yet, while the critical images for this kind of collaborative and performative work is first defined in Suzanne Lacy's own book, Mapping the Terrain, New Gen Republic Art, from 1995, which lays out a history of communal art stretching from marginal groups like feminism and other racial groups. This Borio's theory is not based on a defined trajectory, but it does mention past projects with what he deems a similar relational character, focusing on conceptual artists such as Ankoara, Daniel Byrne, Dan Graham, and Gordon Mada Clark. He does not include a single female artist from that period, and mentions art developed from such purposely marginal positions only to pronounce, quote, social utopias and revolutionary hopes of the 1960s and 70s have given way to everyday micro utopias and imitative strategies. Any stance that is directly critical of society is futile if based on the illusion of marginality that is nowadays impossible not to say regressive. As a result, relational aesthetics proposed political strategies stay very much within the art world, with aspirations focused on changing the model of reception and interaction within the art context, so that it can then model micro utopian interactions outside of that context. Therefore, the inclusion of feminist work in Orte's lineage is important for framing the performative in a politically appropriate way. For while there has been no shortage of critical attention for her artistic projects, it seems to me that the reluctance on the part of the artist and critics to identify aspects of her process, modes of medium and production, and even the work's empathetic inspiration with feminism, threatens to diminish the degree to which the work is read as aiming towards real social change. Again, one is forced to interrogate history and the making and wonder what is lost and who gains if feminism becomes just one instance of post-modern thought as Clive Owens once claimed, rather than as its own defining critique. Focusing on the 70 by seven project provides an interesting case study then to see how returning the direct political intentions of early feminist interventions of meals as art offers a way around some recent critiques of the communities produced in relational contemporary art. At the same time, it shows Orte creatively rethinking the identity politics of the previous generations for the era of globalization, using feminist strategies without focusing on exclusively women's issues. The dinner table as a symbol of dialogic relationships, conversation, and conviviality was a key part of Judy Chicago's famous dinner party installation, one of the most iconic works of feminist art and now housed here at the Sackler Center. Also central to Chicago's project was the elevation of traditional feminine crafts to high art through the work's focus on the place settings with their individually designed porcelain plates and embroidered runners, which we see echoed in Orte's use of these very same design elements to create an aesthetic and political coherence for each iteration of the 70 by seven meal. Less well known as Suzanne Lacy's International Dinner Party from 1979, which was 200 actual dinners with thousands of participants from around the world which were held in coordination with the San Francisco opening of Chicago's dinner party. And her river meetings, a 1980 potluck dinner for a racially and economically diverse group of 500 women in New Orleans. Later, more formal public performative dinners highlight the voices of the participants, bringing private conversations into the public sphere, for example in Crystal Quilt of 1987 where older women seated around tables speak about aging and death. Orte's 70 by seven project takes aspects of each, combining the permutational potluck model with the formal aesthetic design of carefully crafted table settings. However, Orte doesn't intend for her pieces to cohere into a traditional performance with selected dialogue or choreographed movements or a static installation that is reinstalled in new locations. Instead, the artistic product is the event itself and the relationships that evolve between participants and the particular context and conversations that they produce. In addition to nourishing the social in a casual sense, Orte also calls upon our social responsibility in regards to the physical survival of individuals and the planet itself by reimagining food distribution and preservation. Like her first artistic venture, Refugeware, 70 by seven the meal was an artistic response to a specific event. To protest European Union trade laws, French farmers would annually dump tons of fruit on the highways, a scene that Orte witnessed in the news in 1996 and identified as part of a much larger system that waste food while millions go hungry. Observing the Parisian farmer's markets, Orte found that at the end of every day, thousands of bruised, dented or simply unsold fruit and vegetables were thrown onto the sidewalks and washed into the sewers at night. To her surprise, she also discovered regular scavengers who would come in the evening to pick through produce and realize that they were quote, consciously or unconsciously creating a pocket of urban environmental equilibrium. She joined their ranks collecting fruit every Saturday and returning home to create jams, preserves and syrups from her finds and recording interviews with her fellow scavengers. All in one basket then was an open-air buffet of dishes made entirely out of Orte's preserved leftovers presented in the historic Parisian markets of Leal. While serving, Orte engaged in conversations about the project and the problem of food and ecological waste with the 1,300 people who stopped to taste her dishes. Visitors were also encouraged to see the related exhibition in a nearby gallery in which the jars labeled with photos of the discarded food were on display and collecting carts had Walkmans attached playing the scavenger interviews recorded at the markets. Gallery goers were then filmed as well talking about the issues raised by the project extending the cycle of participation and inter integration. By pushing an engagement not only between individuals but with the issue of food where it comes from how it gets to some and not others Orte ensured that the meal and not just the social situations it allowed remained a central concern of the work. Orte considers all in one basket to be act one of the 70 by seven project and many of the later sit down meals also use recycled food and local produce as their main ingredients. The topical focus derived from all in one basket is also present in the design elements of each 70 by seven iteration. Editions of porcelain plates are individually designed featuring symbols of both hope and global crisis and tables are often attached to beds of military vehicles or juxtaposed with other signs of emergency as we saw earlier. And I realize these will be impossible to read so the plate on the left says in truth the story of water almost always involves abuse, waste and even tragedy. And the plate on the right has words such as participation, communication, heart, network, survive, determination, abundance, belong written in alternating German, French and Italian. The point is not to proselytize for a specific solution but to remind us that we need to repair communities and reestablish lines of communication not only for our own comfort and enjoyment but is the only possible basis from which to achieve political alliances and communal action in a postmodern micro political age. It is here that Orte's evolving conception of community needs to be examined as it pertains to concerns that have been raised around the two other models of seemingly similar practices those understood as relational aesthetics and those identified with new genre public art. In Untitled Steel, Recreatier of Aenegia's now legendary first solo show at 303 Gallery in New York. He set up a makeshift kitchen in the office and storeroom of the gallery and cooked curry for visitors who were then encouraged to stay and socialize. One of the most well-known examples of relational aesthetics, this piece formed a major part of Boryard's book on the subject. In its simplicity, it showcases the characteristics of a dematerialized relational practice particularly well. Critique, I'm sorry, Critic Claire Bishop therefore used this piece in particular to critique relational aesthetics in her essay, Antagonism and Relational Aesthetics. She incisively analyzed the politics inherent in such models of communication and community. Arguing that democracy is not demonstrated through harmonious togetherness but through the ability to sustain antagonism and contestation, she points out that the community in the 303 Gallery was predominantly art world insiders. Citing a newspaper quote that the related installation, Tomorrow is Another Day, which reconstructed Thierry Aenegia's apartment replete with the kitchen to cook in, offered an asylum for everyone. Bishop writes, but who is everyone here? This may be a micro utopia, but like utopia, it is still predicated on the exclusion of those who hinder or prevent its realization. His installation reflects Borrio's understanding of relations produced through relational works as fundamentally harmonious because they are addressed to a community of viewing subjects with something in common. This is why Thierry Aenegia's works are political only in the loosest sense of advocating dialogue over monologue. Thierry Aenegia's micro utopias give up on the idea of transformation in public culture and reduces its scope to the pleasures of a private group who identify with one another as gallery goers. I've quoted Bishop at length as she presents the most important and common critique of utopian-tinged participatory practices, but also because she points through a number of directions where nuanced differences could lead to a more politically significant effort. Bishop takes her argument in one specific direction, one that is extremely critical of any positivistic notion of community as holistic and unifying, supporting artists instead who disrupt community to highlight its exclusions. However, I believe that Orta's 70 by 7 project presents a surprising alternative answer that refuses to negate the potentiality of community but is still able to answer the critique posed by Bishop and others of its exclusionary nature. For the communities that Orta posits through the realization of the ongoing 70 by 7 acts seems to operate on three ontological levels. First, those who are actually seated around a table and participate in a particular meal together, eating food in the same space. Second, the larger community formed by those around the world who at different times and places have participated in one of these collective meals. And finally, those who are addressed by and connected to the issues of the project and who could potentially be part of it in the future. In 70 by 7, the rhizomatic structure of the project is such that while some meals have been in and of themselves limited to a small group, those invitees have been then asked to invite seven guests of their own to the next dinner, implying a continual chain that could extend forever. At the same time, some meals have been planned to include the entire population of a given locale, taking the definition of community at its word and working to reinforce it beyond the physical sharing of a space. Each of these first degree communities, each of these is a first degree community but taken together, they form a second degree as well. As we've become more attuned to the overwhelming presence of delocalized communities in the internet age, we can certainly recognize the importance of such social articulations. Those who have contributed and participated in the umbrella project of all the 70 by 7 iterations will never having met share a similar connection to each other through the artwork as a friend of a friend on a social networking site. This chain of relationships in conjunction with the actual events in turns constitutes a critical part of the artwork in its fullest sense. But what of the third level of community? Who are they and why are they important to conceive of as a community relevant to the project? This brings us to the thorny questions of issues which underlines critiques of both relational aesthetics and new genre public art. In antagonism and relational aesthetics, Bishop observes, quote, communication is fine to an extent but it is not in and of itself emblematic of democracy. To be fair, I think Borio recognizes this problem but he does not raise it in relation to the artist he promotes, quote, connecting people, creating interactive communicative experiences, he says, what for? If you forget the what for, I'm afraid you are left with simple Nokia art, producing interpersonal relationships for their own sake and not addressing their political aspects, end quote. Borio's championed artists, however, are very rarely willing to commit to a what for. Direct political work seems to have gone out of favor as either naive, utopian or regressive. Discursively open and ambiguous projects are far more prevalent. Strategies of aesthetic participation preferred over strategies of political participation. This sense that oblique references to repressive capitalistic forces are safer than taking up specific issues is well founded as evidenced by the intense criticism level that so many artists who misstep in their attempt to negotiate this terrain with politically explicit or activist agendas. Accusations of opportunism, exploitation, exclusion, cultural insensitivity, theoretical simplicity and ignorance, accompany charges of aesthetic failings, propagandistic tendencies, overly-positivistic representations and or objectifications of the other, levels at artists that, if nothing else, are generally well-meaning in their goals. Whether these critiques are fair, the risk is obvious. To be specifically political is to endanger one's artistic standing. Much of the artwork taken to task for these transgressions is critically framed within Suzanne Lacy's new genre public art, one of the few recent theories that explicitly supports artists addressing social issues through their practice. Critic Mi-Won Kwan in her 2002 book on site and community-specific art, One Place After Another, however, criticizes the conflation between issues, identities and communities in many such practices. For Kwan, the lurking danger behind this participatory turn is that the interest in creating structures for positive self-expression and community unification suppresses the actuality of the alienated, fragmented subjects so carefully articulated by advanced postmodern theory. Kwan specifically critiques Lacy's project Full Circle, an urban intervention which honored the service of Chicago women and culminated in a large dinner ceremony for, quote, orchestrating a conceptually coherent unity of women that celebrated an abstract gender unity eliminated in this case by a set of service-oriented characteristics, end quote. This universalizing common denominator of woman is seen as automatically trumping all other aspects of identity, individual specificity, and subjective instability, and is therefore deemed false and regressive. As the other side of the coin, Kwan points to community-based public art in which artists identify a contentious issue and then narrowly match it with a related community. For example, an artist who's black is presumed to be an appropriate delegate to address inner-city race conflicts in partnership with an African American cultural organization. In general, the communities in this type of project are disenfranchised, marginalized, and again defined by a similar identity that serves as a fixed notion, that serves as a fixed common denominator to mark out a specific limited community. Without entering fully into this debate, you can see that the primary arguments in relation to community practices seem to circle around the conflation of social issues with specific communities and or the suppression of difference and exclusion. However, I would argue that the relationships between communities, issues, and identities, and Orta's work breaks with these models and key ways by challenging some of the assumptions that underlie the above arguments. I'm almost at time, so I'm gonna try and speed up. By organizing the 70 by seven project around pressing issues of food politics, globalization, and emergency support for those in need, the work has a clear articulated content that addresses the what for indicated by Boreo. At the same time, the community that is related to them, the community of those who need food to survive, has no outside for the human community and therefore is related to issues of food quality and distribution, those who are related to issues of food quality and distribution are not only those at one end of the spectrum, the undernourished, for example, but equally it is a challenge to the overnourished, the subsistence farmer, and international seed corporation. For each and every person who could be seated at the table would always already have been part of this community and does whether they participate or not have a stake in the issues resolution. This is a return to perhaps an overly idealistic notion of the interconnected global community, but now recognized as neither intrinsically good nor bad, but simply a practical reality with potential for either. Therefore, the community that Orta presumes that community, I'm sorry, the community that Orta posits is not presumed harmonious, but to whatever degree an increased recognition of interdependence can inspire us towards more equitable, more civil, more empathetic alliances, this should be supported rather than denigrated as naive or utopian. The community and communication available through the medium of food moves her project ever closer to the improbable, but hypothetically imaginable goal of global collective care and action, and what could be better goal for feminism and feminist art practices both now and in the future. Thank you.


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In this video, I'm gonna be revealing 18 work from home jobs that you can get into relatively easily. They don't require any experience, and many of them you can make $1,600 a week or more. And if you appreciate me doing this type of content, let me know by gently tapping the like button, give it a nice little cheers, and let's jump into it right now. So number one on the list is going to be a digital recorder. And this is basically a position where you capture court proceedings using audio and video technology. And this replaces traditional stenography. And basically you're responsible for accurate transcription. And there's a lot of different types of companies that hire for this type of position. For instance, legal institutions, including courts, law firms, and primary employers. And this is kind of like being the silent guardian of the legal process, capturing every word to preserve the truth. And this is something that has grown tremendously in 2023 and 2024. Many companies that were previously using stenographers are now using digital reporters instead. And in this position, you'd expect to make about 40 to $59,000 a year. So yeah, this is one of those jobs that my team and I have been keeping our finger on the pulse of. And we put an absolutely ridiculous amount of research into each and every one of these videos, literally hundreds of hours into each video. And that's because we want to bring you the best possible information. So this one is really good right now. And it's going to be even better in the future. I'm going to give this one a nine out of 10 opportunity score. Here are some opportunities. I'll put them up on the screen. You can check them out. Now, by the way, you know that you can earn thousands of dollars a month by working less than one hour per day. And this is exactly what I do by making content on YouTube. And I'm going to be showing people how to do this with a live training where I reveal the five biggest secrets on how to grow and monetize your YouTube channel. And these are the same strategies that helped me to make thousands of dollars within my first few months of starting and taking YouTube seriously. And I also get checks like this almost on a daily basis. So I'll be hosting this at 9 p.m. Eastern time on Tuesday. And I'll also be giving away a free mini course but only for people who attend the live training. Plus I'll be conducting a live Q and A where I answer any questions that you have on how to grow or make money from YouTube. Now I can only accommodate a limited amount of people because this is going to be a live Zoom training where you're talking directly to me. So make sure you sign up now while it's still available by clicking the link down in the description as well as the pinned comment below. Next is going to be medical guidance sales. And this is basically the bridge between a patient and a healthier future. And this basically involves selling virtual medicine based subscription programs to individuals and small groups. And they focus on accessible, affordable medical guidance. And in this position, you'd likely be hired by various different businesses in the wellness sector. For instance, telemedicine services typically hire for this role. And in this position, even at the entry level, you'd expect to make about 65 to $106,000 a year. So yeah, another really good one, relatively easy to get into, doesn't require a college degree or previous experience typically. With that being said, sales roles are brutal and they're not necessarily for everyone. A lot of the time you basically get thrown into the ocean and it's either a sink or swim type of thing. And that's why I typically recommend that people go into something that's a little less brutal at first when they get into sales, such as tech sales. And we've helped a ton of people get into tech sales on this channel. I've actually interviewed many of them on the channel itself. On target earnings, I should say, anyway, $65,000 a year. And if you're interested in getting into tech sales yourself, we do have a free training which you can check out. I'll put it down in the description as well as the pinned comment below. And that's gonna be a bit of a smoother transition for you. But yeah, this one is still really good. I'm gonna go ahead and give it an 8.5 out of 10 opportunity score. Here's some opportunities. I'll put them up on the screen for you. Next is another one that's been on the rise in the last six months or so and that is a chatbot trainer. So this is another one that my team and I have been keeping our fingers on the pulse of and it's basically exactly what it sounds like. You are going to be training chatbots to come up with better responses for people. And these chatbots oftentimes are operated by AI. And as a trainer, your job is to specialize in making the AI interact seamlessly with human beings. And this is a role that has been extremely hot. It's often sought after by tech companies, customer service industry businesses, and businesses that are integrating AI into their operations. So not only is this good to get a job in but it's also really good when it comes to freelancing or even starting your own business. And believe it or not, this role makes between $57,000 and $93,000 a year. So yeah, this is a really good one. Doesn't require college degree or previous experience, typically. So yeah, this one is really good. I'm gonna give it an 8.5 out of 10 opportunity score. Here's some opportunities. I'll put them up on the screen for you. And by the way, if you appreciate all the hard work that we put into these videos, go ahead and share this video with a friend who needs to see it. Next is going to be a posting specialist. And this isn't posting on social media. It actually has a lot more to do with management and auditing. So you basically manage and audit bill payments, ensuring accuracy and financial transactions. And these positions are typically hired by healthcare facilities, insurance companies and financial organizations. And posting specialists make about 38 to $55,000 a year. So it's not the highest paying position but it is relatively easy to get into. Typically doesn't require college degree or previous experience. Also there's lots of online resources to learn about some of the stuff that you're going to be doing. For instance, Khan Academy offers free courses in financial management and building systems. So yeah, this one's pretty good. I'll go ahead and give it a 7.5 out of 10 opportunity score. Here's some opportunities. I'll put them up on the screen for you. Next is going to be a business support associate. And this is kind of a position where you're like a Swiss army knife of the corporate world. And you're basically going to be providing administrative and operational assistance to ensure the smooth functioning of a company's day to day activities. So basically what that means is you're a jack of all trades and you're going to be doing a lot of different things but within the corporate structure. And I think this is a great position if you want to later on down the line to become an entrepreneur because you're going to be learning a good amount about a lot of different things. And in this position, you would make about 47 to $71,000 a year. So another pretty good one. I'll go ahead and give this one a 7 out of 10 opportunity score. Here's some opportunities. I'll put them up on the screen for you. Next is going to be a health plan consultant. So this is another one of those many different healthcare related careers that are really good, easy to get into. They're relatively stable and they pay pretty well.  And you focus on connecting with and assisting potential clients in selecting suitable healthcare plans. And in this position, you would make about 60,000 to $104,000 a year. So yeah, this one's relatively easy to get into. Typically doesn't require a college degree or previous experience. Although there is some training that you have to do but a lot of the time the company will offer the training for you. Now, if you want to be more prepared for this, Coursera and edX both offer healthcare administration and basic business principles, introductory courses. And it also helps if you volunteer in a healthcare setting. So yeah, this one is pretty good. I'll go ahead and give it an eight out of 10 opportunity score. Here are some opportunities. I'll put them up on the screen. You can check them out. Next is going to be an advertising sales representative. And these are basically the dynamos behind ad space selling. And they connect businesses to advertising opportunities typically working in media companies, advertising agencies or with independent contractors. Now a really cool fact is advertising has actually existed since 3000 BC. So that's over 5,000 years ago. And it was probably a great career back then and it's still a great career now. Now in advertising sales, you'd make about 78 to $142,000 a year. They typically don't care if you have a college degree but they do prefer people who do have some work experience. But you'd be surprised how easily you can get a job with just a little bit of work experience. So yeah, this one is pretty good. I'll give it a lower rating because you do typically have to have some work experience. I'm gonna give this one a seven out of 10 opportunity score. Here are some opportunities. I'll put them up on the screen for you. Next is going to be a calculations assistant. Now in this position, you'd be tackling computational tasks, crunching numbers from everything from financial reports to statistical data. And you might be working in industries such as finance or healthcare. And you can almost think of this as the equivalent of being a human calculator but with a dash of Sherlock Holmes eye for detail. Now in this position, it typically does not require any previous experience. Sometimes they may or may not want a college degree. But yeah, you make about 45 to $65,000 a year. So it pays decently well. Relatively easy to get into. I'm gonna go ahead and give this one a 7.5 out of 10 opportunity score. Here's some opportunities. I'll put them up on the screen. You can pause the video and check them out. By the way, if you enjoy any of these ones on the list or maybe you don't like them or you think there's one that I should have added, go ahead and comment down below. And there's a good chance it'll make it into a future video. Next is going to be an IP assistant. An IP stands for intellectual property. So basically in this position, you are going to be safeguarding inventions and creative works by assisting legal teams in document preparation and organization. And typically you'd be employed by law firms and corporate legal departments. An IP assistants make about 63 to $101,000 a year. Now this is another one where they would prefer that you have a college degree. Sometimes you need previous experience. Sometimes you don't. Sometimes if you have previous experience they don't really care what it is. So yeah, this is a pretty good one to get into. I'm gonna go ahead and give it an 8 out of 10 opportunity score. Here's some opportunities. I'll put them up on the screen for you. And one thing to understand about intellectual property is it's actually designed to increase creative expression. It's not designed to stifle creativity. It's designed to encourage creativity. And when it comes to intellectual property it's actually a right according to the UN. So it's almost like a universal right that if you create something that's amazing it's a new breakthrough you should be rewarded for that. And this is actually a really beautiful thing. And speaking of intellectual property I actually do teach people how to start YouTube channels just like this one and you can check out that free training by clicking the link down in the description as well as the pinned comment below. Additionally, I do coach a few people per month on how to grow and make money from their YouTube channel. So that will be in the same exact link if you're interested in it. Next is going to be a dyslexia tutor. And this usually involves teaching reading or math related skills to students that have dyslexia. And this is a special type of tutoring because obviously students who have dyslexia are likely gonna have more trouble. And I actually have dyslexia myself. It runs in the family and it's not always what you think. It's not always completely mixing up different letters and words. Sometimes it's when you think one thing but you actually say a completely different thing. So they're learning a lot about dyslexia and there's a lot of new discoveries coming out about it. And it's always great if you have tutors that can actually help these people more. So dyslexia tutors make about 61 to $95,000 a year. And this is another one where you can make extra money as a freelancer or even start your own business as well. So yeah, this is a pretty good one. Tutoring in general I'm a huge fan of I've made a ton of money from tutoring myself. I'm gonna go ahead and give this one a nine out of 10 opportunity score. You can check out these opportunities right here. I'll put them up on the screen. Next is going to be a property and casualty producer. And in this position you'd be selling insurance policies covering homes, autos and more. And you'd be helping clients to protect against potential losses. And you're typically gonna be working for insurance agencies or independent brokers. Now this role fits perfectly into this video as it offers a combination of sales, customer service and flexible working arrangements. Which makes it ideal for home-based professionals. Now PNC insurance agents make about 68 to $116,000 a year. This is typically one of those positions where you can get into it without any previous experience or a college degree. However it is one of those sink or swim type positions. A lot of sales positions are like that. You can either sell or you can't. So there's pros and cons to that. But yeah, this one is pretty good. I'll go ahead and give it an eight out of 10 opportunity score. You can check out these opportunities right here. I'll put them up on the screen. Next is going to be a test scorer. In this position you'd be evaluating grades and standardized tests and online exams. And you typically be hired by educational testing companies as well as institutions. And test scorers make about 37 to $56,000 a year. So again, as you can imagine relatively easy to get into doesn't typically require a previous experience or a college degree. Here's some opportunities. I'll put them up on the screen. You can check them out. I'm gonna go ahead and give this one a seven out of 10 opportunity score. Next is going to be a medical patient billing coordinator. So this is where you'd be billing insurance companies or patients for healthcare claims. And you would be navigating the insanely complicated US healthcare system. In this position you'd expect to make about 41 to $60,000 a year. So yeah, this is yet another one of those medical careers relatively easy to get into. I'm gonna go ahead and give this one a 7.5 out of 10 opportunity score. Here's some opportunities. I'll put them up on the screen for you. Next is going to be a real estate lead generator. And this is where you'd be connecting potential clients with real estate opportunities. And you're typically gonna be employed by real estate agencies and independent realtors. Now a fun fact here is the smallest house in Great Britain is about 72 inches long and it looks like this. That's pretty cool. For some reason I would like to stay in that house. I'm not sure why. But yeah, lead generation specialists make about 59 to $97,000 a year. And you're basically just finding leads for people that are either selling or in the market for buying a house for realtors or real estate agencies. So pretty good one. I'm gonna go ahead and give this one an 8.5 out of 10 opportunity score. Here are some opportunities. I'll put them up on the screen. You can check them out. Next is going to be a home restoration customer development representative. And this is basically where you'd be helping to drive sales for home restoration services. And you'd primarily be working for companies that specialize in home repair and improvement. And an interesting fact here that's related to this industry is a creaking house is typically related to temperature, not age. And customer development representatives typically make about 65 to $102,000 a year. So this is another one of those sales related jobs. Again, relatively easy to get into doesn't typically require college degree or previous experience, but it is a sink or swim type of thing. So really good one. You can make a ton of money doing it, but it is sink or swim. I'm gonna give it an 8.5 out of 10 opportunity score. Here are some opportunities. I'll put them up on the screen for you. Next is going to be a public health program associate. So another one of those medical careers. Lots of these on the list because they're just that good. And typically you would be focusing on substance related and addiction disorders. And you would be managing and monitoring public health programs. And this is typically a position where you'd get hired by a government health department or a public health organization. So lots of these opportunities out there. It pays about 48 to $80,000 a year, which is pretty good. Some places are going to require a college degree, but they typically don't care which degree it is. And in many cases, you can get in without any previous experience. And by the way, guys, I do hear this comment all the time. People will say, oh, I went and I checked out, you know, other listings for this career. And it says that they require experience. Well, I'm here to tell you guys that is like the oldest trick in the book. Almost every entry level job requires two years of experience, just apply anyways. If it says it's entry level, just apply anyway. I don't know why businesses do that, but they just say that entry level jobs require two years of experience. I think it's just to weed out people who aren't confident in their skills. But if you're confident that you can learn the job, then just go ahead and apply anyways. But yeah, this one, I'm gonna go ahead and give it a seven out of 10 opportunity score. Here's some opportunities. I'll put them up on the screen. Pause the video and check them out. Next is going to be a virtual solution consultant. In this position, you'd typically be working in a remote setting and you'd focus on advising clients in various technology or software solutions that meet their business needs. And you'd typically be working for either a technology or consulting firm that specializes in digital transformation. And in this position, you'd expect to make about 99 to $174,000 a year. So this one is a little bit harder to get hired straight up without any previous experience or a degree. With that being said, you can get hired for different freelancing type jobs or contract jobs. So that's definitely something to look into. These types of things are relatively new and there's not really colleges out there that teach this kind of stuff. And so it's a lot easier than you think to get hired for these roles even though they're really high paying. But with that being said, this one is a little bit harder to get hired for than some of the other ones on the list. So for that reason, I'm gonna go ahead and give it a 7.5 out of 10 opportunity score. Here's some opportunities. I'll put them up on the screen for you. Next is going to be an energy consultant. So this is somebody who advises homeowners and businesses on solar energy solutions. And solar power, as you probably have guessed, is getting more and more popular. So yes, this is another one of those sales related roles. It is kind of a sink or swim type of thing. But with that being said, this one is a little bit easier for you to find success with than some of the other ones on the list. And energy consultants make 93 to $168,000 a year. So this is one of the better types of sales jobs to get into, in my opinion. Now with that being said, a lot of the time, this is going to be door to door sales. And that is the most intense type of sales because you literally have to go up and knock on strangers doors. With that being said, there are energy consultant related jobs that are completely work from home and you don't have to do the door to door sales aspect of it. So those are available. So it can be very intense, but with that being said, I think that everybody should do a job like this, at least once in their lifetime because it's gonna teach you so many valuable skills and it's really gonna build your character. So I'm gonna go ahead and give this one a 9 out of 10 opportunity score overall. You can check out these opportunities right here. I'll put them up on the screen. Next is going to be an apartment finder. And this is somebody who specializes in searching and matching clients with their ideal rental properties based on their preferences and budgets. And they typically work for real estate agencies or as independent contractors. Now apartment locators make about 38 to $60,000 a year. Typically doesn't require a college degree. Typically doesn't require any previous experience. Relatively easy to get into. I'm gonna go ahead and give this one an 8 out of 10 opportunity score. Here's some opportunities. I'll put them up on the screen for you. By the way, I made a video that went immediately viral, got over 700,000 views and it's 10 no interview remote jobs that are relatively easy to land. And you can check that video out by clicking right here.


In 2001, a seemingly innocuous operating system called, Windows XP, was released to the world. It quickly gained popularity and became the go-to platform for countless computer users. For teen years later to 2014, the support for the OS has been ended, with many users moving to faster and more advanced systems like Windows 7 and Windows 8.1, and later Windows 10, right after its release in 2015. So did they know that behind the user-friendly interface lurked a dark secret that would haunt the digital world?  The forum was a relic from the past, filled with posts dating back to the early days of Windows XP. Among the mundane discussions about updates and bug fixes, there were whispers of an illusive version of the said Windows XP software that was never officially released. A mysterious version, known as, XP Black Moon, was said to contain hidden features and forbidden knowledge. It was rumored that this version harbored dark secrets and had the power to change the fate of those who dared to use it. Some claimed it could grant supernatural abilities, while others warned that it would unleash a malevolent force beyond comprehension. Despite the warnings, curiosity got the better of a young computer enthusiast landmark. He scoured the Internet for traces of XP Black Moon and eventually stumbled upon a download link, hidden in an obscure corner of the web. Ignoring the warnings and brushing off superstitions, Mark decided to install the forbidden version on an old dusty computer. As the installation progressed, a neary sensation filled the room. The lights flickered, and a cold breeze swept through, even though the windows wore shut tight. Mark's heart raced as he witnessed a flickering shadow on the screen, almost like a glimpse of something lurking in the depths of the digital world. Once the installation completed, Mark found himself in an eerily familiar, yet distorted version of the Windows XP software. The desktop background was replaced with a haunting image of a full moon, shrouded by dark clouds, with an unsettling grin carved into it. The icons were twisted, and the start menu appeared to lead to an anonymous. Ignoring the ominous signs, Mark explored the system. He discovered strange files and folders that seemed to be encrypted and hidden. The more he delved into XP Black Moon, the more he felt a sinister presence watching him from within the operating system. One night, while using XP Black Moon, Mark received an unexpected instant message from an unknown user. The message consisted of a series of cryptic symbols and messages in an indecisivable language. Suddenly, the computer screen glitched, and Mark found himself surrounded by another worldly darkness. Panicking, he tried to shut down the computer, but it wasn't responsive. The darkness seemed to seep into the room, engulfing Mark's surroundings. Desperate to escape, he pulled the power cord from the computer, and the darkness dissipated, leaving him trembling in fear. After that night, Mark found never to use XP Black Moon again. However, the encounter had left an indelible mark on his life. He began experiencing strange phenomena, objects moving on their own, eerie whispers echoing through the house, and the feeling of being constantly watched. Mark realized he had awakened something malevolent by venturing into the forbidden version of the Windows XP software. In a desperate bid to rid himself of the curse, Mark sought the help of tech experts, shamans, and even paranormal investigators. But the malevolent force seemed to be rooted in the digital realm, defying all attempts to banish it. After this day, the legend of XP Black Moon persists in hushed whispers among tech enthusiasts and horror aficionados. Some believe that the forbidden version of the Windows XP software still works in the darkest corners of the Internet, waiting to umpst their curious souls who dare to venture where they shouldn't. So if you ever stumble upon an obscure forum speaking of XP Black Moon, heed this cautionary tale and resist the temptation to explore its malevolent mysteries. For once you enter the realm of said software, you may never escape its haunting grasp.


I interviewed Sting about his feelings about Bret Hart And I guess that video is doing pretty good a lot people arguing about and talking. I love that conversation So can I get your your thoughts and opinion on? Bret Hart versus Sting they never had that match They had a few WCW matches. I forgot he went to WCW for Goldberg gave him the brain damage or whatever. Yeah, okay Actually, I'd that I'm sorry to say it wasn't a part of a point in my life where I was watching a lot of WCW But no, I've known Sting forever and I've Bret's a great wrestler He's a great guy got a chance to work with him in the WWF as a matter of fact when we went to England did the Spoken word shows over there. What was it? Two falls ago. So 2016 anyway, Bret came out as a surprise because he was over at the same time came out As a surprise guest when we did the show with JR Jim Ross, but anyway as far as Bret Hart versus Sting as a wrestler I think even Sting would say hey, you know, I'm sorry He could he couldn't as far as an in-ring performer There's never been a time where Sting could touch Bret Hart But Sting was an outstanding personality and he was over like you know like God and WCW at that point in time So there are two big stars, but the excellence of execution I think would have to get the the win when it comes to technical ability I mean Sting gives Bret Hart credit for having one up on him for the sharpshooter hold Because you know he in everywhere Sting goes he said that people would mention that he does the sharpshooter He's like no I do the scorpion deathlock But you know they both stole it from Ricky Choshu So you know there's nothing original when you steal from one person It's plagiarism when you steal from many its research


Opioid-related overdoses have killed 400,000 Americans since 1999. That's equivalent to seven Vietnam wars. So it's kind of hard to believe that our government was not only complicit in starting it, but has actively helped drug dealers get their hands on more opioids. And it's all because our politicians have their own crippling addiction. Money. Calling the opioid epidemic an epidemic makes it sound like it was some contagion that we had no control over that only Matt Damon could stop when in fact it's the direct result of corruption. Shitty bureaucrats making shitty decisions. Let's break this train wreck down fail by fail. Fail number one, the FDA. The FDA is an entire government agency with one job to make sure our food and drugs don't kill us, which sometimes, you know, they get confused with killing a lot of us. In 1995, Purdue Pharmaceuticals developed OxyCotin, a drug that is not heroin. It's more of a time-released heroin unless you just crush it up a little bit and then it's basically heroin. Naturally, the FDA took one look at OxyCotin and said, yes, give it to everyone. Literally everyone. They prescribed it for arthritis and back pain and all kinds of stuff. It was not only not intended for, but very dangerous to treat. Within a few years, opioid addiction and death had skyrocketed, which is really weird because the label for OxyCotin approved by the FDA read, addiction to opioids legitimately used in the treatment of pain is very rare. It's not. So the FDA started an epidemic. That's worse than the opposite of their job.  That's the FDA. Why is the FDA so bad at their job? Well, it turns out they're in bed with drug companies. A recent study of certain FDA drug assessors found that between 2001 and 2010 an astonishing 58% of them left their jobs at the FDA to go work for biopharmaceutical companies. They all stopped walking dogs and they got jobs as dog leg removers. Which brings us to our next point. Fail number two, the DEA. Because the FDA sucks, opioids were everywhere by the mid-2000s. A lot of doctors and pharmacists had essentially become drug dealers. They were just overprescribing opioids and sending them directly to the black market. Enter the DEA, an entire government agency with one job, to combat drug smuggling and distribution. Now, they get an idea. Instead of prosecuting all of these pharmacists and doctors, they'll stop drug shipments at their source. Drug distributors and wholesalers. For example, when 11 million doses of opioids are sent to a single county in West Virginia of 25,000 people, or when a single Walgreens in Florida is selling a million opioid prescriptions a year, even though the average is 74,000, the DEA could say, hey, stop. It's an effective tactic, which is exactly why they stopped doing it. In 2011, there were 65 immediate drug suspension orders. By 2016, there were only eight. Why? Well, it's the same thing that happened at the FDA. Since 2000, at least 56 DEA and Justice Department officials left the fight against opioids to join pharmaceutical companies and the law firms representing them.  Congress is a branch of government that has one job to listen to the American people and enact our will, as is the custom in this country. They never do this job. So maybe we shouldn't be surprised to hear that in 2016, Congress passed a bill making it nearly impossible for the DEA to freeze suspicious drug shipments. Let me say that again. So while Americans were dying of opioids at a rate of 142 people per day, Congress was busy getting more opioids into the black market. The politicians responsible for this bill claimed that they were addressing this problem of people not being able to access painkillers when they needed to. But that year, enough opioids were prescribed in America for every one of us to be medicated around the clock for three weeks. So let's find out who's responsible for this by playing a little game called Guess Who Sucks. Here is Congress. Surprisingly, the demographics are pretty accurate. So first, let's eliminate everyone who didn't vote for this bill. Oh, wow, that's surprising. It passed unanimously. Okay. Second, let's eliminate everyone who doesn't take money from the pharmaceutical industry. Oh, cool. Nine out of 10 members of Congress take drug money. Okay, fine. Let's just eliminate everyone except for the members of Congress who sponsored this bill. Hey, look, it's Oren Hatch and Tom Marino. What a coincidence. The pharmaceutical industry was Tom and Oren's first and second biggest donors in 2016. After this bill was passed, Tom would go on to be nominated for drug czar, and Oren would call for all welfare recipients to receive drug testing, presumably to see if they were ingesting the drugs that he was helping put on the streets. Now we could go through the entire list of cosponsors too, like Republican Marsha Blackburn or Democrat Sheldon Whitehouse. What about Republican and finalist on NBC's America's Got Neck? David Vitter. This guy now lobbies for the pharmaceutical industry, of course. The point is our government is failing us. Congress, the FDA, the DEA, they're all too corrupt to do their job, and it's coming at a horrific cost. Our country loses $78.5 billion a year to this fight, which is vastly outshadowed by the hundreds of thousands of lives lost. 500,000 more are expected to die in the coming decade, and it's hard to find an American who doesn't know someone battling the crucible of addiction. This is just one of the many costs of a corrupt and broken system that is failing all of us, and I'm not suggesting that we should set aside our differences and hold hands and blah blah blah. We have a lot of legitimate grievances with one another in this country, but this is not one of them. It's not a partisan issue. It's a societal rot that is sinking the entire country, and maybe just maybe here is where we can find a point of consensus to actually do something together. Go to represent.us and find out how. Thanks for watching. Remember to mercilessly tear one another apart in the comment section below. Thanks for tuning in.


Before we begin, we would like to mention that this video is created for educational purposes only and is not intended to substitute a professional diagnosis. If you suspect you may have a mental health condition, we highly advise you to seek help from a qualified mental health professional. Number one, perfectionism. Would you describe yourself as a perfectionist? On the positive side, being a perfectionist can ensure that anything you do will be done to the highest possible standards, which can make you very valuable, be it at your workplace or at home.  It may even lead to feelings of uncertainty, distress, the development of fear of failure and anxiety from being judged. Ultimately, your own self-esteem and self-confidence may take a heavy hit because of the unrealistically high expectations you have for yourself. Number two, lack of physical exercise. When was the last time you had any physical exercise? Not only is it necessary and good to help you sustain good physical health, but it can also benefit your mental health as well. According to research, physical exercise can help you maintain good mental health through the chemical and hormonal reactions in your body. When you exercise, your body releases endorphins, which are responsible for suppressing chemicals or radicals that are related to depression, anxiety and stress. So you may wanna consider adding exercise to your daily routine to improve your mood. Number three, overuse of social media. How much time do you spend scrolling through social media? The overuse of social media can be a habit that harms your mental health. According to Child Mind Institute, the overuse of social media can promote anxiety and lead to issues with self-esteem in teenagers and adults. Perhaps you're scrolling through your Instagram or Facebook and see posts of people you envy and you start comparing your life to theirs. This habit to look at the highlights of other people's lives may bring up doubts or insecurities that you have of yourself and worsen your overall mood. Number four, taking life too seriously. Have you ever laughed so hard you almost cried?  Perhaps you've had a small and silly mistake, but instead of laughing it off, you focus on why you made the mistake or you keep feeling guilty or ashamed about it. Many studies show that laughter has incredible benefits for both your physical and mental health. This is because laughter can help your body release endorphins and lower your stress hormones. So next time, you might wanna try to look at the funny side of things as it may help you put things into perspective and improve your overall mental wellbeing. Number five, not sleeping enough. How much sleep do you usually get? Sometimes you may get caught up in your work and you end up sacrificing your sleep to get things done, but this habit can really harm your mental health in the long run. Lack of sleep makes it very hard for your brain cells to communicate properly. The Sleep Health Foundation states that 60% to 90% of patients with depression also suffer from insomnia. A lack of sleep prevents both your body and mind from resting and recovering from the stresses of the day. And of course, if this builds up over time, the state of your body and mind will worsen. And number six, regretting too often. Do you spend a lot of time thinking of things that happened in the past? Perhaps there was an opportunity you wish you would have taken or a relationship you wish you didn't let go of. Whatever it is, spending all your time ruminating over the past and feeling guilty or ashamed of it can negatively affect your mental wellbeing. While it's normal to have regrets about the past, having the habit to get stuck in those negative thoughts and feelings can eventually lead to feelings of depression, anxiety, and the development of sleep problems. So did you relate to any of the points we've mentioned? I did. Let us know in the comments below. If you found this video helpful, be sure to like and share this video with those who might benefit from it. Subscribe to Psych2Go and hit the notification bell icon to get notified whenever Psych2Go posts a new video. The references and studies used in this video are added in the description below. Thanks so much for watching and we'll see you in our next video.


Hello and welcome to the podcast, Living Without Them, Stories of Families Left Behind. We are your hosts, I'm Marta Sanchez-Dioniz and I'm Kate Dearden. And we work on the International Organization for Migrations Missing Migrants Project at the Organizations Data Analysis Center based in Berlin, Germany. By now, the numbers and scenes of people drowning in the Mediterranean Sea to reach Europe or disappearing as they attempt to cross the border from Mexico into the United States have become common items in the news and politics. IOM's Missing Migrants Project has recorded the deaths and disappearances of over 40,000 people in the last seven years on migration routes worldwide. Recordkeeping from NGOs and journalists suggests that at least 84,000 people have died since 1996. But something that is not talked about as much is what about the families of the people who die or go missing. For each person who has died in vain trying to reach another country, there is a family and community that they have left behind and who are immensely affected by the loss or disappearance of this person. Over the past two years, we have been working on a project that set out to learn more about families of missing migrants, about their experiences of searching for their loved ones, the impacts that the loss has had on them and what they do to cope. The goal was to learn how families could be better supported and to raise awareness about their struggles. In this four-episode podcast series, we will zero in on what we found in three of the countries where we conducted research, in the United Kingdom, Ethiopia, and Spain. We look at who these families are and how their lives are shaped by the experiences of losing a partner, father, mother, child, cousin, or even a friend. Today, we talk about how deaths and disappearances during migration tell a story of unequal access to safe and legal mobility options. Why it is important to document and record these deaths, but also to go beyond the data and talk about the impact on the families and communities left behind. First, we chat with Julia Black, who also works with us on the Missing Migrants Project, about what we know about migrant deaths and disappearances worldwide. The vast majority of deaths that we have recorded in the Missing Migrants Project are in the Mediterranean, so this involves people primarily from West, Central, and East Africa migrating through North Africa and then across the Mediterranean in an attempt to reach Europe. One thing that's not so well understood about the Mediterranean region is that, yes, many of the migrants who have lost their lives are coming from Africa and to some degree the Middle East, but there is a huge diaspora network within Europe of a migrant background, like me, who are also impacted by these deaths. I think very often when people think about the Mediterranean migration, they think about the poorest of the poor people who are desperately fleeing a terrible situation at home, and this is not true. It's very often people who have or had a job who are simply seeking out a better life for themselves, and very often are trying to meet up with family or friends of family in Europe who are already in Europe, and so when you talk about the impacts of these 20,000 plus deaths in the Mediterranean in just the last few years, this has really far-reaching effects into communities within Europe with large migrant populations, whether that's Spain, whether that's the UK, Germany, this is really a Europe-wide issue, not just an issue for Africa. The issue is not just about those in countries of origin, it is also affecting families across the globe, but one of the problems is the immense challenges involved in documenting deaths and disappearances, especially on migration routes overseas, such as the Mediterranean crossing to Europe. When people go missing at sea, their remains may not be recovered and no institutional efforts are being made to search for them, identify them, and to notify their families. More than two-thirds of the people who die are never recovered, so that means that there are bodies lost in the Mediterranean after a shipwreck that are never recovered. We don't know who they are, their families will never have a grave at which to mourn their loss. There's usually a search-and-rescue operation, which understandably prioritizes recovering people who are alive, but this very often means that many, many bodies are just lost. These human remains are just in the Mediterranean somewhere potentially very likely never recovered. So what is the international organization for migration doing? We talked to Dr. Frank Lasko, Director of IOM's Data Analysis Centre in Berlin, about how the missing migrants project came about. IOM became increasingly involved in collecting data on missing migrants back in 2014 following a series of tragedies that occurred in the Mediterranean around the island of Lampedusa. There were two major shipwrecks of the coast of Lampedusa in October 2013, which caught the attention of policymakers and media, not only in Europe but around the world. IOM decided to respond by launching a global project to systematically record the number of persons perishing either at sea or at land borders around the world or persons who are reported missing. The aim of this project is for me to bear witness to this issue. This is an ongoing global crisis.  And I do worry a bit that sometimes missing migrants project being such a data-oriented project, that data can be dehumanizing, right? When you talk about 40,000 deaths, this is a statistic. When you talk about an individual's story, you know, who has lost their life, this is a person. And so in terms of what we know about the families, unfortunately, it's very little. I mean, we suspect that there are, there is a huge population of people who has no idea what has happened to their mother, brother, father. For each person who is reported missing or dead, there may be five, 10, 15, 20 people affected, family members living in other countries whose lives may be devastated by this occurrence. And who may be living in limbo, who may not know for certain that their family member has died, even if they know that that person is no longer likely to return home. They may not know exactly where that person died. They may not be able to visit the burial site. And so this issue of the lack of knowledge and information about the families of the missing migrants is something that we wanted to focus on within the project and draw the attention of the media and policymakers to the need to also protect the living as well as, you know, remember those who died trying to cross borders around the world. As human beings, regardless of status, migrants and their families are protected by international human rights law. The right to life is universal. It is not bound by borders or determined by one's nationality. Everyone is entitled to this right without discrimination. States have committed themselves to protecting the human rights of all people, including migrants, regardless of status and to saving lives. There are international obligations concerning missing persons in general and a requirement on states to search for missing persons. But there are also specific international obligations now which refer to missing migrants. However, these obligations are not legally binding. First of all, within the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals, there is a specific target that refers to the number of countries with migration policies that facilitate orderly, safe, regular and responsible migration. And under that heading, countries are asked to report on their efforts to promote safe migration. And then more recently in the global compact on migration, there is a commitment to cooperate internationally to save lives and prevent migrant deaths and injuries through individual or joint search and rescue operations. And the objective also calls for the collection and exchange of relevant information and specifically refers to the need to collect better information about the families affected by these tragedies and to assist those families. So that's quite a strong objective. Now that's not fully legally binding, but nonetheless, most countries in the world have agreed to try to reach this target, this objective along with 22 other objectives in the global compact on migration. A truly effective response to address deaths and disappearances during migration requires that we go beyond the data and we listen to those who are most deeply affected by these disappearances. For the past two years, a research team led by IOM has spent time with families of missing migrants in several countries, having in depth conversations with them. The Families Project is in a way an attempt to build on the work that has been already completed on missing migrants and their families. There's pointed reports that have documented experiences, testimonies of the families of missing migrants around the world. What we wanted to do this time is to give families the opportunity to decide on their own what was important for them, what mattered, what really had to be included in the reports. So this is what sets apart this project. Again, building on the other fantastic work that many other people have carried out, the way in which we gave the microphone to the families for them to be able to articulate what really mattered to them. This is Dr. Gabriela Sánchez, Senior Researcher at the Danish Institute for International Studies and the Research Coordinator for this project. The Families Project involved conversations with 76 families of missing migrants in four different countries, Spain, Ethiopia, Zimbabwe and the United Kingdom. We also contacted more than 30 stakeholders and the goal was to map the legal bureaucratic administrative obstacles that families encounter, but also to document the ways in which they had themselves developed tools to find their missing locals. And the goal here, the hope of our study was that it could capture in depth what really mattered to the families, what was important for them to get out there. Talking with families really showed how they try to search for their missing loved ones and the barriers they come up against. These barriers vary a lot depending on their different circumstances, such as the country where they live and their legal status there, the migration route where their loved one went missing, their socioeconomic status, their gender and so on. In general, most of the families interviewed had been unable to establish whether their missing loved one was dead or alive, leading them to experience ambiguous loss when there is no clear closure or sufficient reason behind what happened. Most of the time, the first point of contact are friends and family members, people that have probably also lost a loved one or, especially in the case of young people, the parents or the relatives of the other young person who might have traveled or left with a migrant, for example. Another key actor in the process of the search was the smuggler. This is something that we notice across all four countries. People, despite the fact that we often think about the person of the smuggler as somebody who is always violent or always threatening, in most cases families actually had a personal connection to the person who had facilitated their loved one's journey. So they felt naturally inclined to reach out to them for information. There was also the role that social and mass media, place in search, people most of the time, not always, but most of the time have access to social media are very active on migrant pages, post pictures of their loved ones and try to connect with other friends and family members who may be online and who may be able as well to repost their information. The state or local government have not been able to assist families. In the case of the UK and Spain, for example, we identified that the immigration status of the people that the families that we interviewed prevented them from reaching out to the authorities, fearing that they could be deported or arrested or facing any other kind of immigration enforcement response. Many other times what we also found out was that the families felt disrespected, misunderstood. In some occasions they were not even allowed into some of the buildings to carry out their search. And we believe that this is connected to the fact that there is really not a strong system or a mechanism that allows families to look for their loved ones. In all of the interviews that we carried out, we identified instances of abuse of efforts to extract money from families on the part of third parties that may call them promising to release some information related to their loved ones. We were as well able to identify testimonies from women in places like Spain or also in the United Kingdom that reflect how many times they were also excluded from decision-making, how they were not allowed to participate in meetings or gatherings in which they could have obtained information or disseminate information concerning their loved ones. Sexual harassment and intimidation was also very well documented in the study, how women are often conditioned access to information in terms of sexual favors. We in fact documented also cases of women who were sexually assaulted in the process of looking for their missing loved ones and many times having to accept that kind of abuse with the hope that this is going to lead to some sort of information regarding their their search. On the missing migrants project we receive requests for information about missing migrants from a variety of actors and for me it's always you know profoundly heartbreaking when a family member reaches out to us saying you know I've tried every other option I'm getting no information about the loved one who is who is missing and for me one of the most impactful cases of this was a woman from Tunisia who reached out to me about her brother and this woman told me her story and I had this kind of moment of realization where I realized her brother is the same age as my brother and I'm very close with my brother and you know of course love him very dearly and just to have someone reach out to you who is in somehow a similar relation to a ship to her brother and to imagine you know knowing that this person who you love and care about who you grew up with left on a boat and you knew it was risky he knew it was risky but he was desperate. Giving the collective history or our collective history as human beings we have all experienced the loss or disappearance of a love one in one way or another how can we find answers to our collective loss to our our collective pain and how we can collectively find a solution. In the next three episodes of this series we will listen to the families of people lost in migration journeys and we will talk more about their experiences the impacts of their loss and what they do to cope with this. Join us in the next episode where we hear stories from families of missing migrants in Ethiopia.


We now move to agenda item 2 of this, the 25th meeting of the Standards, Procedures and Public Appointments Committee in 2022. I would like to welcome Stephen Kerr MSP to this meeting. He is substituting for Alexander Stewart. Can I invite Stephen Kerr to make a declaration of any interests relevant to the committee's remit? Thank you, convener, and thank you for having me on the committee. I have had experience of working in relation to work connected with public affairs, and I would advise those who are watching and listening if they wish to know the details to go to my register of interests. Thank you. The committee has been considering a complaint about a member of the Scottish Parliament. I will now read a statement that sets out the committee's findings. On behalf of the Standards, Procedures and Public Appointments Committee, I would like to make the following statement in relation to a complaint against Jackson Carlaw MSP. The committee has carefully considered the commissioner's report on the complaint that Jackson Carlaw MSP failed to declare a registered financial interest prior to the commencement of scrutiny of Public Petition PE 1879 by the Citizens Participation and Public Petitions Committee on 6 October 2021. The committee is unanimous in the conclusions and decision reached. The committee notes that Jackson Carlaw MSP declared an interest at the beginning of the Citizens Participation and Public Petitions Committee on 6 October 2021 as the convener of the cross-party group on building bridges with Israel in the previous parliamentary session. However, the declaration did not refer to the financial interest in the member's register, which was the £2,200 cost of an overseas visit to Israel and the Palestinian territories funded by the Embassy of Israel in the United Kingdom. It would therefore appear that Jackson Carlaw MSP did not fully recognise or understand the requirement to declare a relevant financial interest in advance of proceedings relating to that matter. The committee recognises that Jackson Carlaw MSP took and acted on advice in relation to the consideration of petition PE 1879. In his representations, Jackson Carlaw MSP states that he recused himself entirely from consideration of the petition and from any determination and that he cast no vote and advised the petitioner in the usual way and in terms drafted by the committee clerks. The committee considers that this demonstrated the intent of Jackson Carlaw MSP to address any perceived conflict of interest. The committee further notes, the commissioners findings that the advice given to Jackson Carlaw MSP referred only to him being convener of the CPG and not to his overseas visit and concurs with the commissioners' view that it is unlikely that he, Jackson Carlaw, intentionally withheld information about the overseas visit in an attempt to hide that information. However, the steps taken by Jackson Carlaw MSP did not meet the requirements of the interests of the interests of the members of the Scottish Parliament Act 2006 and the code of conduct for MSPs in relation to the declaration of registerable financial interests. For this reason, the committee must conclude that Jackson Carlaw MSP breached section 131 of the 2006 act and section 2 paragraph 6 to 8 of the code of conduct of MSPs. The committee therefore agrees with the commissioners findings in fact and conclusion that Jackson Carlaw's conduct in not declaring a financial interest breached the 2006 act and the code. A finding of a breach of the 2006 act and the code of conduct is a serious matter. Acknowledging the efforts made by Jackson Carlaw MSP to act with propriety, the committee is of the view that its agreement with the commissioner on the finding of a breach is sanction enough. The committee intends to write to all members to remind them of the requirements to declare a financial interest in any matter before taking part in any proceedings of the parliament relating to that matter. In addition, members will be reminded that the standards clerks can provide advice to them on any matters relating to the registration or declaration of financial interests and that they should seek that advice where any questions arise. Full details of the complaint and the commissioners investigation of it will be included in the committee's report, which will be published later this afternoon. Thank you. We will now move into private session.


Okay. If a hormone is not a steroid hormone, so it's not derived from cholesterol and it's not an amino acid hormone, so it's not derived from tryptophan or tyrosine, then it must be a peptide hormone and that truly is the process of elimination. Everything else are peptide hormones.  First of all, peptide hormones are like all hormones. They start in the blood. And they are hydrophilic. They're made out of protein, so they're not going to be hydrophobic. And oh my gosh, I'm having a very hard time deciding on what color to make my peptide hormone. I can't remember what my other colors were. Because they are not hydrophobic, they're cool with water. Water, homey. Let's hang out. They don't need a carrier. Sometimes they like to be in a boat. Sometimes, just, and I'm going to put my little flag on this boat just so you remember it's a boat and not a receptor. Sometimes they like the protection offered by a boat, but they don't need the boat in the same way that a steroid hormone would. The second mechanism, this is awesome. Peptide hormones initiate a second messenger response. And this is something that we will see again and again and again in lots of different environments. Peptide hormones, this is how they, this is the mechanism by which they get a response. Other systems, I believe a smell involves a second messenger response. And so this technique, this tool, this mechanism can be seen in other systems. But let's draw ourselves a cell. And I'm going to illustrate for you what a second messenger system or mechanism looks like. First of all, your hormone is your first message. So what does this tell you right here? Somewhere along the line, we're going to get a second message. And here's how it works. First of all, the hormone binds to the receptor. The receptor is embedded in the cell membrane. So first hormone binds. It binds to the receptor. And we already know that a key tool in the communication toolbox is that proteins, when they bind to their people, they change shape. So the receptor, when it binds to the hormone, it's going to change its shape. And the act of changing shape. The receptor changes shape. The triangle means change in windy land. And the shape change causes a cascade of chemical reactions. Now you can go and find out what the G protein and all the proteins involved in the cascade. And most of the time, these things are known. For this class, all we're going to have to do is know that you know what, it's going to initiate a cascade of chemical reactions to result in our second messenger. And our second messenger, receptor changes shape, initiates a cascade of chemical reactions to produce my second message. And in most cases, guess who my second message is? If you know me, you know that I pick orange for my favorite high-energy things. And this is related to my very favorite high-energy thing, which is ATP. This is something called cyclic adenosine monophosphate, or CAMP. Do you want me to write that down for you? Cyclic adenosine, like adenosine triphosphate, ATP, but it's only monophosphate. Oh, show. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate, CAMP. CAMP is my second message. Now, CAMP, depending on where it is and what's going to happen, CAMP is the enzyme, or the CAMP activates. CAMP is then going to activate the enzymes or whatever needs to be activated to make an action happen.  Enzymes always look cool, like Pac-mans, but watch this. This enzyme isn't going to work unless it gets some CAMP hooked up in there. So when CAMP hooks in, then that enzyme is like, I'm a Pac-man, and it goes around. And this is one of the characteristics of the second message or response.  So actually, now that I've drawn it like this, it makes me think that, no, that's not an appropriate way to draw it because it's not like the CAMP gets used up. The CAMP can go around and activate and activate and activate, which means that a second messenger response can be amplified, so it is fast. That means one hormone can come in and activate 1,000 enzymes. Two hormones can activate 2,000 or 5,000 or 12,000 hormones, or enzymes, and so essentially where with the steroid hormones, if you wanted one outcome, you needed to put in one hormone. Here you put in one hormone and you can get holy madness of response. And that's one of the really unique things. Now, since the response can be amplified and it's fast, now think back to the amino acid derivatives that had a peptide hormone-like mechanism. That means that you're adrenaline, you're epinephrine and norepinephrine. These guys have a very fast and amplifiable effect on the cell. Dude, that's perfect. Throw one hormone in, one. I mean, don't you get that feeling? Like now we know why. When you almost get into a car accident, you don't even have to be in the car accident.  And you have this rush of adrenaline and the response is instantaneous. Your heart rate increases, your blood pressure increases, you start to sweat, you start to dilate your pupils, let more light in. Your responses are immediate. And you get that feeling. Like the stimulus comes in, here's the car accident about to happen or the bear about to chase me. And all of a sudden, the effectors are like, whoa, seriously? Like I didn't even process in my brain that that was actually a bear over there. And yet all of this already happened. Evidence that the second messenger response is not messing around. What a great strategy. We're going to take, you now have some tools. You have some mechanisms to understand different hormones and how they act. And we're going to look at similar mechanisms and hormone actions all the way through the course. Most likely in your integration project, you're going to have some kind of hormonal thing going on. So you're probably going to need to be aware of or feel comfortable with these processes. Now we're going to look at, take a step back and look at some of the endocrine anatomy and some specifics between the hypothalamus and the pituitary.