The Challenger bread pan is a bit of an investment, but there's no doubt that it's incredible for home baking and it's definitely my new favorite bread pan. But it may not be for everyone, so today I'm going to walk through the pros and cons of this pan and talk about how it compares with the competition so that you can decide whether or not it's right for you. So let's get into it. My name is Charlie and on this channel I explore the basic principles of cooking so that we can all become better home cooks. Now full disclosure, I did reach out to Challenger a few weeks ago to see if they'd be willing to send this pan over and sure enough they were nice enough to send it to me at no cost. I really just wanted to try it out because it seemed like a promising product that most people watching this channel would be interested in. And of course keep in mind that I would never recommend anything that I don't think my viewers would truly enjoy and benefit from. Now for those that aren't familiar with the Challenger pan, it's a relatively newer product on the market within the last few years and it's basically designed to be the ultimate pan for home bread baking. So it's one of the few pans out there designed by bread bakers for bread bakers and there's clearly a lot of thought put into its design, from the material used, to the size and shape, to the detailing on the surface. But it's also not a cheap pan so it was selling for around $225 at the time of filming this video compared to about $60 for the Lodge Combo Cooker which is the pan that I've been recommending up until this point. So really my main goal with this review is to determine whether or not the Challenger pan is worth the price compared to the competition. And as I've already mentioned, I do personally think it's worth it for the dedicated home baker but let's get into the specifics so that you can decide for yourself. So the biggest issue that any baking vessel needs to solve is trapping steam in your oven during the beginning of baking. Because that steam is essential for achieving a nice caramelized crust on your loaf and for allowing the loaf to expand freely during the beginning of baking which leads to a better overall rise on your loaf. So both the Combo Cooker and the Challenger pan solve this issue very well because they're made of a heavy cast iron which does a great job of trapping in the steam that gets released from your loaves as they bake. And I prefer both of these over a typical Dutch oven because with these you can bake with the lid side down so it's really easy to place the loaves in without burning your hands or degassing the dough. But that's about where the similarities end because the Challenger pan was designed specifically for bread baking so it has several other advantages that the Lodge Combo Cooker doesn't. And the first which in my opinion is the biggest advantage being the size. The Challenger pan has interior dimensions of 11.5 by 9 inches which makes it a lot more versatile in terms of the types of bread you can bake in it. So personally I love using this pan to bake demi baguettes and since it does such a great job of trapping in steam the baguettes turn out much better than they would using any other complex steam setup and it's obviously a lot easier this way too. And the pan is also big enough to bake two small to medium sized loaves at one time. So using any of the sourdough bread recipes on this channel two loaves will fit in there perfectly. And for reference in this footage here I use my same day sourdough bread recipe so these loaves are about 750 grams each. The only thing to consider is that when you remove the lid during baking you may sometimes need to push the loaves apart to make sure they aren't touching and you may even want to flip them around halfway through to really make sure that every inch gets evenly browned although I usually don't bother with that. Even so those slight inconveniences are far outweighed in my opinion by the time savings of being able to bake two loaves at once and I've actually found that the quality of my loaves is quite a bit better when I bake two at once probably because the pan becomes even more saturated with steam that way. And of course the larger pan size also allows you to bake bigger loaves in general. So with the Lodge Combo Cooker the biggest loaf you can bake is probably about 1000 to 1200 grams whereas with the Challenger Pan you can bake loaves up to about double that size. So personally I never actually bake loaves that big so I'm much more interested in the fact that I can bake two loaves at once and the fact that I can bake baguettes but if you're someone who does like to bake bigger loaves then this pan will allow you to do that and it will probably allow you to achieve better results than any other method out there. And even outside of the standard boules, batards, and baguettes this pan is pretty versatile so you can use it to bake things like focaccia or deep dish pizza, dinner rolls, or really anything else you'd normally bake in a cast iron pan or a baking dish. And of course since cast iron has such a great ability to retain heat you end up with a really nice crisp crust on anything you bake in it. And while I prefer to reserve my Challenger Pan exclusively for bread baking you can use it as a normal Dutch oven too if you like since both the top and bottom of the pan lay flat for use on a stove top. Now as I've mentioned I really think the main advantage of this pan is the form factor but Challenger also mentions a few other design elements on their website that makes this pan ideal for bread baking. Those factors being a better ability to trap heat while baking due to the better seal and heavier lid, better heat distribution due to the shape of the pan, better heat retention due to the larger overall size, and the pan has nice large handles on top for safely removing the lid during baking. Now with all of that said I did perform some direct comparisons between the Challenger Pan and the Lodge Combo Cooker where I baked a single small loaf in each using my same day sourdough bread recipe and if I'm being completely honest I really couldn't see any discernible difference between the two. So there very well may be a difference if I were to perform more trials but I think the point is that if you only ever bake one small loaf at a time improving your technique will make a much bigger difference than improving your equipment will. However the Challenger Pan has produced some of the best bread I've baked so I think the main difference is come when you're baking larger loaves or baking multiple loaves at once because in that case you have more steam being produced and you have less empty space within the pan so you have a higher concentration of steam overall which leads to a better oven spring. So really I think the only disadvantage of this pan is the price so if you only ever bake single small loaves then I don't think you can necessarily justify spending this much when the Lodge Combo Cooker is available for quite a bit cheaper. But if you ever see yourself baking baguettes or other larger loaves, baking multiple loaves at once or you just want a versatile sort of do it all type pan then I think the Challenger Pan is a great choice. And setting the price aside it's probably the best overall pan on the market today for home bread baking. So for me the Challenger Pan is definitely worth it because baguettes are my favorite type of bread to make and when I do bake full loaves I pretty much always make two at a time. And I've always been someone who doesn't mind spending a bit of extra money to get the best product possible especially when it comes to cooking equipment like this that'll pretty much last forever. So if I didn't already have one of these I think it'd pretty much be a no-brainer for me. But with that said the Lodge Combo Cooker is still a great pan and it's perfect for the entry level baker who just wants to start baking great bread without spending too much money. So I'll have both pans linked in the description below and if you purchase through my links I will receive a small commission of course at no extra cost to you. So just keep that in mind if you do decide to buy them. And if you missed my last video where I discussed everything you need to know in order to master the basic bread making process be sure to click that video in the bottom right corner of the screen. Thanks for watching and I'll see you all in the next one.


Hello and welcome to the session. Let's discuss the following question It says the cost function of a firm is given by see x is equal to 300 x minus 10 x square plus 1 by 3 x cube where x stands for the output Calculate the output at which marginal cost is minimum the output at which average cost is equal to the marginal cost So let's now move on to the solution the cost function x is given by 300 x minus 10 x square plus 1 by 3 x cube Now marginal cost in C is given by d by dx of Cx so mc is equal to d by dx of 300 x minus 10 x square plus 1 by 3 x cube Which is equal to 300 minus 20 x plus x square now To maximize or minimize we need to differentiate this so d by dx of mc is equal to minus 20 plus 2 x now d by dx of mc put it equal to 0 So that gives us minus 20 is Equal to minus 2 x so this implies x is equal to 10 now we see that the second order derivative of the marginal cost will be greater than 0 at x is equal to 10 so d square by dx square of mc is minus 20 when x is equal to 10 Since the first order derivative is minus 20 plus 2 x so derivative of constant is 0 and derivative of 2 x is 2 Which is greater than 0 so this implies the marginal cost is Minimum is equal to 10 so this is the answer to the first part It's now move on to the second part now We have to find the value of the output x for which marginal cost is equal to the average cost Now cx the cost function is given by 300 x minus 10 x square plus 1 by 3 x cube now the average cost is given by Cx upon x So average cost a c is equal to 300 x minus 10 x square plus 1 by 3 x cube Upon x so this is equal to 300 minus 10 x plus 1 by 3 x square now we have to find the value of x for which marginal cost is equal to the average cost Right, so marginal cost is 300 minus 20 x plus x square is equal to the average cost which is 300 minus 10 x plus 1 by 3 x square 300 gets cancelled on both sides. We have minus 10 x plus 1 by 3 x square plus 20 x minus x square is equal to 0 So this implies 10 x plus 1 by 3 x square minus x square is equal to 0 Now taking LCM We have 30 x plus x square minus 3 x square is equal to 0 Now taking x common we have 30 plus x minus 3 x is equal to 0 So we have 30 plus minus 2 x is equal to 0 x minus 3 x is minus 2 x so this implies 2 x is equal to 30 and this implies x is equal to 15 hence average cost That is ac is equal to mc when x is equal to 15 units. So this completes the second part also and the question. Bye for now. Take care. Have a good day


How do you clean a weight room or a specialty room? Oftentimes it's a music room or maybe it's an arts and crafts room. How do you clean a room like that? I'm Angela Brown and this is Ask a House Cleaner. This is a show where you get to ask a house cleaning question and I get to help you find an answer. Now, it's interesting because when we go to a customer's home, if they have a specialty room, oftentimes it's not part of the maintenance package and it's not part of the deep clean. It's considered a special project that's done at a separate time of the year with separate equipment and it's a special price. Now in my home, and this is the home that we're in right now, it's my weight room and I'm kind of using this weight room also as my recording studio. And so I'm using it more as a studio than I am a weight room. So sometimes in order to be really successful at making a really big, great use of a room in your house, you have to say no to another use for that room. So I'm gonna say no to the weight room and I'm really sad because I've loved this weight room. It's served me for a decade. And now there's a weight room that's two blocks away at the community center that I can go work out at. And now I'm gonna just turn this now into a full-fledged recording studio. Before I do that though, however, I'm going to clean it to show you top to bottom how we clean a weight room because I've got some really fun weight equipment in here that I've been using, here's the catch. When I use it, as I'm using it, I usually spray and wipe it down. So it's not really dirty and it is a special project. However, that said, we just had some home renovations done and a big whirlwind of dust came in. And I can't work in this room with the dust because it's making my eyes turn red and I feel like I'm gonna cry because of all of the allergies and the dust, right? So we've got to uncoat the room of dust so that I can continue working in here. And then along with the process of cleaning it, I'm gonna move out the weight equipment and then we're gonna make this the studio. So you get to be part of the process. This is gonna be super fun. But right now we're gonna start on getting the room clean. So the first thing that we're looking at here is this is the studio where I sit and I do our Zoom and conference calls right here. And if I move over to the side, you'll see that there's the green screen right there. And then over to my side over here, I've got some weight equipment and there's my treadmill. We've got punching bob over in the corner. I've got a great big weight machine. I've got a free weight machine here with a bench. I've got an inversion table. Over here we've got some free weights. We've got a widescreen TV over there and then we have some weights over there. So we're gonna go ahead and clean everything out but first we're gonna start with the center here. And in order for me to clean the room and got everything out and I'm gonna be moving that big corner piece of equipment over there in the far corner. And so what I got to do here is I've got to move out all of the stuff that looks like it's recording camera equipment so that I have a space to work. If you're doing a job for a customer, one of the first things you wanna ask are what are the parameters of the job? What do they want done? In this particular situation, I have to keep recording because we record frequently and most often for the learning library we do every day. So as I'm taking this equipment out, I'm actually setting it up in another room of the house so that until we get this room cleared out of all the weight equipment, we still have a place to work and do our other business. So you wanna make sure that if you're doing this for a customer or a client that if you're displacing them and you're moving something like this as the special project, that you're very clear about what that looks like when you start moving stuff out of the room because you don't wanna move out expensive equipment and then find out that you've damaged it or you put it in a place where it got dumped over or stepped on or tripped over or any of those things. So just be very careful and also never lift more than you can carry. You'll see in this video, we're making lots of trips because to carry them all at once could be damaging or what have you. Right now, we are cleaning the ceiling and I wanna stop for a second and just bring to your attention that on a special project, we would not clean the ceiling, the walls or the blinds because that would be part of a deep cleaning package, not a special package, a special project package. However, that said, because of the dust that we're trying to remove, and this is my house. So we're making an exception here to the rule and you can always make exceptions to the rule. You just need to clarify it with the customer and include it in your price. So for this particular project, we will be doing the ceilings and the blinds and just make sure that all of the dust is removed. This is a six foot Swiffer extender that allows me while standing on the floor to dust the ceilings. And this is also an opportunity to replace burned out light bulbs. And there is a special package that we offer customers that allows us to replace light bulbs, air filters, baking soda that is used around the house, things like that. And so you wanna make sure that if you don't have a special package that you include that, and that's usually a separate special package that can be done throughout the year as you're cleaning. Now in this, what you're seeing right now, and if you are listening to the podcast, you're gonna miss the YouTube version of actually watching me clean. And so this might be one of those videos where you stop what you're doing and you go back and watch the YouTube video later. But what we're doing here now is we're cleaning a great big three piece mirror that's inside the weight room. And you'll notice that I don't have any spray bottles for the most part. I do have force of nature that's on my hip in most of this video. But what I'm doing is I'm using just a wet cloth and then a dry mirror or a glass cloth to dry the mirrors. And then just double checking to make sure that there are no streaks. So we're gonna get the ceiling first, then the walls, and we're gonna do the opposite wall so that that wall is done. And then we will start from left to right and we will move our way around the room and we'll do all of the weight equipment one by one. We're gonna do the blinds here, which is just the Swiffer Duster that was in my back pocket. And we're using it because it has the trap and lock technology. And so we're just gonna work in small segments. We're gonna do both sides of the blind. We're going to open the blind halfway. Then we're gonna use the cords and cables and pull that up. We're gonna make sure that there are no cobwebs and no dust and dead bugs inside the window sills. And you'll see that I'm dusting the walls and the baseboard as I went. And then going back to the blinds. We just wanna get as much of this as possible. So this is gonna take two or three rounds around the room. We've already done one round with the ceiling. Now we're doing the walls and then we'll work on the contents of the room, which is the weight equipment. Again, going from left to right around the room and working our way out of the room. It is important if you don't have a blinds package that you include the blinds as part of your deep cleaning. This is something that should be done at least four times a year. And it is easy to do the dusting, which is what I'm doing right now, just the dusting on a regular maintenance clean. And again, this is the maintenance clean or the deep clean is not part of a normal special room package like this. This weight equipment would be a special package. But because of the dust, we wanna make sure that we get all that right now. And you have to be careful when working around weight equipment as in this particular scenario where I keep banging my head on that handle bar and you wanna make sure that you're very careful about where you put the cables of the blinds because you don't want to vacuum them up later. And there's one here that drops on the floor. And then as I go to vacuum and I get close to vacuuming it up, you gotta be careful about that. And you'll notice that in my apron, I have my wet cloth and I'm just wiping down with the damp cloth. I'm wiping down the equipment. So I do have my force of nature here, which is a mixture of vinegar and salt water. And then it is electrolyzed so that it removes the vinegar-ness of it and it changes the molecular structure of it so that it becomes a sanitizer. And so without any heavy-duty chemicals, we're spraying the cloth, not the equipment itself, and we're wiping down all of the leather and the metal and the plastic and just making sure that it's sanitized and it doesn't have any dust or any sweat or anything on this equipment. And after each use of a piece of equipment, the equipment is wiped down. But today, primarily, we're looking to get rid of the dust because there's just a big coat of dust everywhere. I'm gonna use my Swiffer Duster first and foremost before I use my cloth because the cloth will only go so far before it gets really dirty.  And so that screwdriver just went back in my pocket and I'm dusting now or damp dusting the rest of the machine. And I am spraying the treadmill foot so that I can make sure that I get the board that you step on clean. This is all coated in dust. And we're only gonna be able to get one side. So I will have to plug that in and then turn the machine on and move the foot part so that I can go ahead and I can get the other side of that. And then once that's clean, then we'll go ahead and we'll run it for a couple of cycles until that dries and we'll unplug our unit and leave it exactly how we found it. Then we're gonna wipe down the backside of the treadmill and that's going to be to remove all of the dust. We'll wipe down all of the side pieces, the bars, everything that you can see and reach and make sure that that's completely done. And we have two pieces of equipment down. We're gonna move this other stuff out of the way. We've got a free weight bench here using my Swiffer Duster first so that because of the trap and lock technology, it will pick up all of the dust first and then I will damp, spray it, spraying my cloth and then wiping the cloth down. And this is the leather part and then all of the underneath pieces, all the nooks and crannies to make sure that there are no areas that have not been cleaned. And again, this is to promote cleanliness and to remove dust that you breathe when you're in this room. And so wiping down all of the free weights now, I'm gonna move those so I can get this big end piece out. We've given this away and so we're gonna make sure that the people that are coming to dismantle it can get to it and I don't want them stepping or tripping on my other pieces of weight equipment. So that's why I'm dusting those down and moving them. And I can't actually lift weights with them here across the room so this is not very useful either. We'll have to wait until we get that big end unit out. And the end unit is a stack of weights where you pull the pin out and you put it inside the top and it adjusts the weight stacks. And now we're cleaning punching Bob and I'm gonna dust him because he turned to dusty in this process and then we're gonna wipe him down, make sure that he's all nice and clean.  And now that we've cleaned him, we have to move him. Careful moving him, you wanna be very, very careful so that you don't pull any muscles. And this is a key if you're moving weight equipment inside another person's house or any heavy equipment. You wanna make sure that you're doing it properly and my camera, I didn't realize wasn't filming here and you wanna hand wipe down every single piece of equipment to remove it from dust and also so that it's clean for the next use. And inside the weight room, we will keep a cloth and a spray bottle for after each use so that you can spray down your cloth and the equipment moving forward so that the weight equipment is clean and ready for the next use. But this overall project, if this were a customer's home, you would do this project three to four times a year. And so you wanna make sure that if they have a room like this and you walk into bed the job, that you notice, oh, hey, listen, you have this weight equipment, this is not part of our maintenance clean because you'll notice that this video is sped up. This video is sped up three times and so this room takes on average about one hour to clean and that's if you just do all of the weight equipment by itself. And so if you're gonna spend an hour at a customer's house, you don't have that at every maintenance clean. This is just one room of the house and that is the reason that we do special projects and keep them separate from our deep cleaning and separate from our maintenance clean. If you were trying to clean an entire house on a deep clean, spending an entire hour cleaning weight equipment is not gonna be an effective use of your time. And so we break up the deep cleanings into special projects where then just three or four times a year you come in and you do this exact process where you dust everything down and then you hand wipe everything down and you're sanitizing all of the handles of everything.  You wanna make sure that all of that is clean and tidy but again, this is a special project and for a room this size, I would probably charge about $200 to do this particular job and you'll notice this is a lot of physical labor and it's a lot of bending and stretching and moving and making sure that you are not missing anything. And this is something, believe it or not, that a bunch of homeowners do not want to do. This is my own house but I do not want to do it either and I'm doing it because I'm showing you the video but this is something I would pay somebody to outsource and clean this on a regular cleaning that would be three or four times a year. And I'm kneeling on the floor right now and I'll show you in a minute that my pants turned really, really dusty just by kneeling on the floor and then I have to clean them up. You'll notice here, and I've slowed it down a little bit, I'm dusting the pictures on the walls and the wall because that is the next surface and I did that just so that you would see that we got that part of the wall and now we're doing the area here and you'll notice that I do not do the front of the television screen and that is because I'm going to use an electrostatic duster at a separate time but right now my swiffer duster is very dirty and if I were to dust the front of that television screen it would get all kinds of smears and smudges that would be hard to remove and because we're not going to use a damp cloth on the TV screen either that's a separate electrostatic duster so we kind of skip that and that's the reason why. So for electronics, in a customer's house this is the reason we do not deal with customers' electronics. You'll notice that while I'm cleaning this I accidentally bumped it and this is my house so there's no, you know, it's forgiveness here but the TV got turned on and I'm like, oh dude, how do I turn off the TV? And now I'm cleaning the remote controls and I'm trying to put them back on and I realized that, oh no, the TV has come on. What? How do you turn it off? And I'm at a loss. I don't even know how to turn the TV on. This is not normally what I use when I'm using this room. My husband watches the TV in here. I'm like, how do I get it off? Someone help me. How do I get the TV off? And I felt bad because I don't know much technology but now the video is starting and it's beach body. I'm like, what? Let me dance for a second. Oh no, no, let me get back to work. And I'm now scrambling, trying to figure out how to turn the TV off.  How do you not know how to turn off the TV? But this is the case. When you're at a customer's house you don't know how to turn off the TV and you don't know which remote controls it is. And you just have to be super careful. One of the reasons we don't for the most part move their electronics and all that stuff. All right, on this piece of free weight, this free weight rack, what we're doing is we're dusting the rack and all of the free weights. And so in order to get all the dust off of all of these and you would do this on a special project, you're wiping down, hand wiping every single part of the weight. And so we're turning it as we go to make sure that we get all 360 sides of the weight. And now the weight rack itself, those are the insides and the outsides of the weight rack. We're cleaning the weights with a damp cloth and then we'll come back and we'll do the rack itself, any parts that are dusty and now we're good to go. And I've got my ceiling duster, my six foot Swiffer extender and I'm dusting just the doors. And that's just because of the dust here, but that would be part of a deep clean, not a maintenance clean. All right, now we're vacuuming the floor and you'll see how dusty my pants are. Ooh, and that's just from kneeling on the floor. And after we sweep, then we'll mop all of those mats. But remember how I said that I almost tripped on the cords from the blinds. You gotta make sure that you pull those up into the window sill so that you don't accidentally vacuum them up when you're in a hurry and you are vacuuming the room. And be careful that you don't vacuum up the cord and vacuum all the areas. And I forgot right here to do the baseboards. So I stopped and I dusted the baseboards. Then we just keep vacuuming and we're closing up on this project. So this is how you clean a weight room. And that was from top to bottom, left to right, moving around the room. And now the room looks really nice and clean. And I'm having a little bit of regrets now because I already told that guy he could have that big piece of weight equipment and now I kind of want it back. But I just don't have room for the studio that I wanna do. Anyway, so that is the weight room. And that, my friends, is how you clean a weight room. Blooper alert. All right, so I have this inversion table and I put it back over here and then I thought about giving it away as well. And I said, you know, I wonder if I should keep this and I was gonna try to use it. And I tried it with my little slippery shoes on which I've never done before and I got all comfortable on it. And I'm like, well, let me see. Can I use this without the teeter boots which are the upside down boots? And because of the slipperiness of those shoes I slid out of it. And I'm like, oh no, someone help me. Now I'm stuck on the floor. I'm like, how do I get out of this situation? I'm upside down and I'm stuck on this machine. Like don't do that.  Ah!


Pepsi created a commercial that showed how they made crystal Pepsi. The commercial was created in 1993, the same year that the product was launched. But they never aired it on TV. They didn't talk about it much. If you ask Pepsi executives about it, they'll simply say. That commercial was just something scrapped, nothing unusual. They will refuse to answer any additional questions about it. Twenty years later, I discovered a VHS tape version of the commercial in the attic of my house. Why would it be in my house, of all places? The house was previously owned by a Pepsi executive, so it makes sense that he would have left it behind by mistake. The tape was labeled, Crystal Pepsi Commercial, not suitable for airing. I had a VHS player, so I played it. The commercial started by showing a factory in an disclosed location. The factory building was in the middle of a field. There were no streets, no signs, no signs of civilization whatsoever, which was very strange. The camera went into the factory, and it showed a cheery man who was well-dressed in a suit. He said, Hi there, you wanna know how Crystal Pepsi is made? I'll show you how Crystal Pepsi is made. This is where the commercial takes a gruesome turn. The next scene shows numerous people chained to a wall. They are wearing a backpack with mysterious liquid inside and was labeled, flavoring. They tied the people down to a conveyor belt. At the end of the belt was an enormous meat grinder with a tank nearby. The horrified victims screamed out of pure agony as the factory was filled with the indescribable sounds of grinding meat and crunching bones, and all of the workers stood back and watched them with satisfied smiles on their faces, as this scene of pure evil appeared to be their favorite form of entertainment for their sick minds. After all of the victims were fed through the grinder, chunks of red meat that closely resembled beef were deposited into metal carts. By now, the only worker left was a man with gray hair, wearing a red apron. He started laughing hysterically as he watched human meat squirt out of a pipe and into the carts. The carts had their contents dumped into the tank. The tank hopped and puffed as it poured out a surprisingly clear liquid into a Crystal Pepsi bottle. The cheery man in the suit picked up the bottle, took a swig, and said, There you go. That's how Crystal Pepsi is made. If you want to be a Crystal Pepsi, call this number. I blot out the number for a reason. I was confused after viewing the commercial. If Crystal Pepsi was really made out of human meat, why wasn't this reported in the news? Why in the world would a commercial like this ever be made? What kind of six freaks would make this? Unfortunately, I may never know the answers to these questions.


The U.S. has significantly ramped up its military footprint in the Middle East amid the Israel-Hamas conflict, sending additional air defense systems to the region, the Pentagon has announced.ina statement. Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin said he had activated the deployment of a terminal high-altitude area defense battery as well as additional Patriot battalions in several undisclosed locations in the Middle East to increase the protection of U.S. forces.FAD systems have an operational range of about 200 kilometers and are designed to intercept various types of missiles. Patriots, which have recently seen action in Ukraine, have a range of up to 160 kilometers and can shoot down missiles, drones, and warplanes, according to Austin. The decision was made after detailed discussions with U.S. President Joe Biden on recent escalations by Iran and its proxy forces across the Middle East, with the overall effort meant to support Israel. The minister added that he had also ordered an unspecified amount of U.S. forces to be ready to deploy as part of prudent contingency planning. The Pentagon had sent 2,000 Marines and sailors to the waters off Israel's coast to send a message of deterrence to Iran and the Lebanese militant group Hezbollah. Earlier, the Pentagon said its destroyer deployed in the Red Sea had shot down three missiles and several drones launched by Houthi rebels from Yemen. It noted at the time that it could not say what their intended target was, but did not rule out that the attack was meant to hit Israeli facilities.


Bensol will be exiting soul generation. Napale uli tupeleka na mafumba tu ku elewa. Unaeza tu elezea sasa. What's up guys, welcome to SBM Bars. My name is Liz Jackson and today I'm hanging out with the one and only Suda. Wadudini eten na? Suda una pendah? Na pendah. So Bensol tu bekutaftasana. Finally you're a busy man, tu bekutaftasana. Maisha kisani kwa busy. Nakini asantini kwa kwa resilient. And thank you so much for having me today. Ani ni a beautiful day. Nima furai, it's a beautiful morning odo kuna kabaredi, but jo to yako, ni nice care. Nice care. Hey Bensol, how was Eldoret? Eldoret was the lead. Nia nili yandatui ani by chance. I was actually, nili kwa na shubu siya, so ni kasema nipiti Eldoret, ni hangout na mabruwa nga kinanviri na nabiyen. Eyo shuili weza mbaasaana, bigger posiwa Eldoret, mafanzu e tuwote, tunawapenda wo. All right, so Bensol, the main reason e tu kwa pa, you have something enye umeku kutupangia and it's coming on for 20, but before anything, let's talk about the title of the album, The Lion of Suda. What does that mean? The Lion of Suda, ni obviously, oto na juo Suda e me toka api Suda one time. It's just the reason why I call the album The Lion of Suda niju, inafakuni introduce to a different era of Bensol enye. Bensol me nyesasa me jitambuena we enye. I run my own empire, ni kuna kampania ungun du pede, tekweni to the Lion of Suda. Toko nusa merchandise, halafu kama yo atu apu enye muliyona ni kishini shelingi. Yo shelingi, inayo introduce kwa currency flania, the Suda coin, the Suda currency. So ni witu mingizi enye zi kwa around, yo jina the Lion of Suda enye, it had to be called the Lion of Suda kwa sababu. It's also my first album. Nene onisha na watu, asa si ule Bensol enye mkwame zoya kudilne, se enye neskia to yo base ni anlayon. Wewe nani asubu hi, 77 baby girl. Bensol, this being your first album, what made you sit down and say, you know what, I'm going to release my first ever album. Well, I've been planning over time to put out music as an album, like to put out like a big project of big body of work and you're gonna so many songs and over the times, there's a time nil kwa atakutua in 2020, COVID ka happen and then 2021, so many experiments, 2022 gigs na ni ni collecting the album, so 2023 na nandio the perfect two time ni any. Siya tini kitu enye nil kwa na panga, this time la zimandion tatoa. Ni wime hapen ni any in the right time, right timing, timing is everything. That's why na toka for 20 in the A.M. Haftupatane for 20 in the P.M. at the alchemist na futua chani for 20 in the A.M. Kilamtama fulai. Bensol, is there anything symbolic about 420? 420, it's a beautiful day. Otoa ki Google, una jua ina manisha ni ni, it's the day of the greatest, greatest medicine. So alba wene yungu kuna gomapua za hizi na piganio like your movement kwa sababu. I feel like kama dunia already ime illegalized na imefanya. So many places guys are doing business with it, like guys are creating amazing medicine from it and it's helping like a lot of families and a lot of guys. Bona kandre to na jikaze, we have the best weather, we have the best everything. And nisi situ tu makaliatu. We need to think about it and talk about it. So that's why on the album nikuna song kada zanyu zinongerilea your movement and free it up, set it free for the people. All right Bensol, are there people who are instrumental in the album making? Yeah, I wanna bigger up my brothers in terms of producing the album. I wanna bigger up Hendrix Ham, Mixmaster, producer on the album, GL producer Kutoka Malawi, he did some songs on the album. Motoria, Namjua, Msaniwenyum Noma, he also like produced the song on the album. Big up, so fresh and bigger up Afronautik, bigger up Fancy Fingers for being like amazing producers on the album. And then bigger up all the artists on the album and bigger up Kila Monea on the album and then Kujaka Deliver and the songs made it to the album.  Ya alkemis, siyati nibash peke nina perform set kubosana, most of the new songs and then also nina introduce vitu mingis anasone za penda first of Kujaka ya alkemis first and then on 30th ya April, ita kwa Uganda so wasa wangwa Uganda let's link up apolugogo to pick a blanket ya Uganda and then me watu wangwa London watu wangwa Europe wida ya tunaku ja tunaku jevi baya sana na yo album bensul? kuku ndeleza yo movement kweli ah, ukwemi kwa nasi ndo me shika zahidi ay urejue ni even the best ones wana tumianga ukwewe most of iti na toka Uganda meaning that it's something that all african countries need to listen to and understand that sisi ndo superpowers we have like the best lands we have like the best and the most richest continent in the world if we don't take control of it right now wasa watu kujatu ku take control over time and tuta kwa late niki tu inyineza zahidi in so many ways atu ukwewi nanda kupreti uo message bi basa na halalo ui alright so bensul tunajue you have a very strong pen like you write your lyrics so kwa hi album are you the only person who can write your lyrics well actually most of them nimi ziandika but no man is an island and then also I'm writing these songs for so many people I can't do it alone ma song zingineza nimi ziandika in terms of like having co-writers song ziandika nimi me fanya na most of all the artists actually when you are featured kwa hi album pia bien na li kwa very instrumental in terms of traketi chini na hetu na la inisha na tufanyange uo for all our projects kipata kia nga leta projecte bien nikuwa pwa very instrumental in terms of song writing na pia e kwa albumen kwa very instrumental in terms of song writing so expecting ni vitumzuri na mnajuak kalamia kini deep sana ni ayazi isha wino imeja alright so nikiangali apale kwa mutandao I was just googling your name we have to google you, you are a very big celebrity and there is a comment that you made someone ask you would ben sol be exiting soul generation na apale uli tupele kana mafumba tu ku elewa wneza tu elezea sasa see watu ona ichukulia ne ni kama ni kituku bobath contract iki se mamuna isi vitu for a certain period of time iyo period of time iki fika it means contract ineja so it's up to me to decide if kama na taka ku renew, kama na taka kwendele in a certain way and for me na feel soul generation it's a beautiful space to be for any artist in the world so na taka ku create space for any upcoming artist onyo ako ter na onyo wana feel waneza pateyo chance ya ku ku soul generation jilete size ku sababu ku taku wana slots po manpower size ya ku shugulikia wasani meaning that contract iku tu iki isi evi mimi na taka ku taku ni create a space misa ni mingi na taya jengu eveni wame ni jenga so see manigangu tuko tight vibhaya sana and expect a lot of things even after a lot of collaborations between me and anybody wana kwa na our soldier even after our contract ends tukana songs ya ni a gazillion of them ni ngumusana ku kutotwezo songs pamoja and would you credit your success to soul generation? part of it for sure ya kwa sababu like everything happens for a reason it took me somebody else kufika soul generation and also it took soul generation to take me to a certain level in yasasa ni naendele in asasa even like greater success so wame kwa a big like support and a big like so instrumental in my success na sezi wa downgrade in any way wame ni sa idea manzawa le ni watuongu a deep kabisa wa ni mabruongu ondani speaking about your music and crossing borders in Africa iimuaka kuna any international hit record na ya umetupangia? kuna anguama kwa na nime fijam na Nigeria so expect to you and then also like in terms of the sound on the album kuna so many Pan-African songs zene na jwa ziki skizwa na msi orete kutukainu in the world that are at understand as it amguza in a certain way ni make lea a very international album but also very balanced in terms of kuna manzaki suahili manzaki kenya zene na feel ei ni awa kenya na kuna manzengine zene ni awa kenya bado lakini to me yon do target market ni Pan-African I would want to ask ya like what have you put in place to market the album and I'll put reference to one of the album he may come out in a time less by Davido. He's really pushing it and like you as an artist Ben Sol what different thing are you doing for this specific album? I just easy to amount to Nigeria, South Africa and then also like we have also partnered with some very international distros zene zene na to say diya kupushi muziki all over the world. So this time na feel it's the perfect time kwa sababu easy if it is at the same time and then also ni kuna amazing international acts on the album and then also through association yon guna kina BN na nini baya sana kuna kupigezo mangoma uko inje. So what to our states or to our Europe expect us in that space ya ni tukujani vibaya sana so I feel yoni marketing strategy pwa sana any what ni enda tunafanya all those interviews, media tours and tunajituma kama e album like previously before like the beginning of the year til kwa e say mimi na nviri na polycap did amazing business then it may pick up a meeting zengina amazing sana, collaborations zengina beautiful sana so it's just a matter of time wachu uko tunza kuna istafrika especially Kenya blowing up in those spaces kwa sababu they have all the text man tukuna songs zengina even better even better ya ni and pala kwa instagrame uluweza kupost picture na malimu Rachel na ukasema kama kote alifanya Rusi next what's cooking ah mapezi somebody new ya ni squeeze ikisha yungine unuga raka una inject yungine so ila yungine elisha ben so misiri kwa tbibaya ineza kwa imeshi ineza kwa ijeisha ineza pina takawata sasa wapige research wada mbe wana filaji imesha mejeisha stafanio research narisi ya but at this moment I am putting all the pressure all the effort in unikon now everything main sejango into pushing that album so ya you know my first baby although my first baby piano in the left is over I was actually coming to that question and it's good that you've brought it up ya ben sol lazima tukpe props the first time that this story came up you owned it, you owned the story and right now are you in a healthy space where you're able to co-parent and have you met her? ah he's of it to that already we're in a good space and I can grow such an intelligent child amen amen so ben sol tukifunga nata kawambia watuwek they can preserve the album alafu what important dates are they supposed to mark for the album so you can already the album is on all the distros and you can know the platforms you can spotify actually spotify but you can do apple music boom play, audio mark titles what is it actually you can make a pre-add there's no link for that enda pre-add umgoja ya ni kuja ya ni kutandike kumalize kutengenezesiku experience that album live in it, I've made it for all of us for me and you and don't forget for 20 for 20 to talk up a live alchemist and then also I'm about to release to drop the music video for somebody new so watch out for that suggested dates how many ties how many church university did alright guys speaking to ben sol about the lion so make sure follow him on social media so that was ben sol my name is dis Jackson, see you on the next one


Hi, this is Christian again. In this second video, if you haven't watched the first one yet, make sure you watch that first, where I went through creating this algorithm here. So again, the idea is to create an algorithm that will perform an in-place operation. Again, the in-place algorithm, it just means that you transform or change data within the same data you received without adding additional spaces. So last time I created this one here using integer, I moved the code into a function call in place temp and I passed it in here. I did not test for different types, but it should work for virtually any type, OK? Because we just basically do a very simple swap. In other words, if I change that to, let's say, if I change that to an object, make an object type, maybe it's a little bit better. Change your object, we'll make that an object, and we can also do the object. And so it still works just fine. As you can see, hopefully, there we go. And if you change this to a string, A here, B, C, P, OK. It should still work for that type. So in this case, any type would be fine, all right? So now let's do a different technique. This time, we're going to use, I'm going to go back to numbers only because it works only for numbers for this case. I will add another one here, 50, OK. And this, I want to use something called the exclusive OR operator. And that is using the carried symbol that looks like this one here, OK? Oops, this one here. So I'm going to turn this off for now. And we're going to create another function down here. It'll be kind of similar to this, but let's create another one here. Add a void in place, void in place, XOR, OK. This is going to be an object, the same data coming in. So this using the in place exclusive OR, you are really doing everything almost purely in place without creating any additional variable like this one down here. We created another variable to store that temp value. But using the exclusive OR, you can just basically swap the data between the two slots without any additional work. Now, exclusive OR will look something like the following. And so to understand a little bit better, I'm going to go and see if I can show my whiteboard and we'll see if this works. OK, let's see here. And I hope you can see my whiteboard here. All right, so here is what we look like. Let me see if I can use my little tablet here. I'm not really good at it. And it's not really, really nice, but let's see if it works. So here is what I'm going to make exclusive OR. Now, exclusive OR, you are dealing with the binary values of numbers. So let's say that I have a list of numbers. We'll put it on the top here, OK? So this is my list of numbers. Oops, it's not very nice. Sorry about that. I was going to put like maybe four numbers for now for us just for the sake of this example. I put 2, 4, 6, and 8, right? Our goal is basically, of course, to transpose this into 8, 6, 4, 2, OK? So the idea is that at this position, is 0 position, 1, 2, and 3, this are the indexes, OK? So we're going to swap 2 and 8. So how do we do this? Now, you know, exclusive OR, you are dealing with the binary numbers of each of these positions. So the binary for 2 is like this. I put 2 here. The binary for 2 is using 4 positions, 0, 0, 1, 0, OK? That's the binary for 2. And the binary for 8 is, I put 8 down here. So it's going to be 1, 0, 0, 0, OK? So we do the exclusive OR. Basically, you do this, and I put an XOR for exclusive OR. Is that, is this like the reverse of the OR? That means that if the two values are the same, then they receive a 0. If they are different, then they receive a 1, OK? So 0 and then here 1. So this new binary number is what? A 10, right? So we got 8, 10 because, you know, 8 plus 4, 0, 2 is 10. So we're going to swap 10 into this position. So now at this point, if you go to the next lot, if I rewrite this again down here like this, sorry for my ugly writing here, this is now 10. And this is still 4, 6, 8, OK? So what I'm going to do is swap this position with the 10. So in this case, I would say something like, yeah, so N of 0 would be 10. The next thing is, I'm going to swap this number over here, OK? So N of 0 is equal to the N of 0 here. So N of 0 and Java use the angle, the care like this. This is a exclusive OR of the, against the last number. So the N of, right? The N, the length, which is in this case, right? Minus 1, for now, or in a 3, right? And then you do that exclusive OR, and you're going to get a 10. You assign 10 into the first lot. And then you do the 8. So same idea. So 8 is now going to do 8 against the 10. So here's 10 already. I'm going to do 8. So let's put 8 down here. 8 is 1, 0, 0, 0. So you do it again, OK? So 0, 0 is, it says 0. 1, 0 is a 1, 0. And it's the same, so it says 0. So now you see it is a 2, right? This is a 2 now. So you put 2 in this lot, OK? So I can cross this out, put a 2 here now. Well, guess what? This 2 is already this 2 here. You can see that already, right? Already transferred that over. So now my end of the third position, it's prettier for now, is equal to the same thing. Exactly the same command put right here. If I do that, I'm going to get 2. And then you do one more time to replace the 10 with what was there before. I mean, the 8, how do you get that back? If you do another round. But this time, so I'm going to do 2 against the 10, right? So here's a 10. Because 10 is right here, 2 is already here. So it'll be a 1, 0, 1, 0. Add them up. You get a 0, a 0, and then 0, a 1. Well, what is that? That is an 8, right? So now end of 0. Again, you put the same code here again. And then you now see that you swap the 8 over. And I just swap my 8 and my 2. So that is the idea of using this exclusive OR operator, very handy in a situation like this. So now let's go back and continue on with our code. This time, we're going to change our code here, write our code, do as before. And for end, I is 0. I will be less than the length of the end by 2, just like down there, right? Let's guess. OK. So this time, we're going to do the exclusive OR. Excuse me. Let's just focus on this one here. So I want to do end of the i-th position. It's equal to end of the i-th position. This carries symbol. And then the last position would be end of the length of the end position minus 1 minus i, right? Don't forget that i. And then we do that. And we assign that to end of the first position, OK? Didn't like something here what I do wrong here. Can I use operator object? OK, so that's a problem, right? Because I've got an object, and its object doesn't like that. So let's go back to before. Just use integer file, OK? Inager, and then we'll put integer here. OK. So we get that done. And then we'll do it again down here. The swap of the end, that length minus 1 minus i. This is the last position. And I'm going to copy this. Exactly same. You can put any order. Doesn't matter here, OK? This can go first. Doesn't matter. It's still the same. And then finally, copy this again. Do one more time. So three swaps, basically. But you notice that I did not create any new additional variables, OK? And if it's correct, then it should have done the swapping for us. So let's take a look and call this function here. Function call here, pass into that. And then save, and let's run and see what happens. And here we go. As you can see, it's working beautifully. I can just show it does work, put some different numbers here, and try again. There we go. They are nicely swapped, OK? So this is usually exclusive for operator.