Okay, so thank you all for coming. So today this event is all about getting people interested and getting people started in writing Android apps. Okay. So those people who haven't met Android before, you're not going to be writing industrial applications by the end of the afternoon, but hopefully you will have learnt all the tools that you need to start on your journey and you will have caught the bug. For those of you who have had a play before, hopefully you will have learnt something new and you'll have met other people also interested in it so you can go away and learn together. The first thing I'd like to say is the people you're going to be learning from today, one of them's here and we'll meet some of the other ones later, but most of them are sitting next to you and behind you and in front of you. So we're going to be learning from each other whilst we go through the tutorial and everything with each other. So if at any point during the afternoon you have a problem, you don't know what's going on, then turn to the person beside you and say can you help me and they might be able to help you, they might turn to the person next to them and say can you help me and eventually they'll find somebody with the answer hopefully. So that's the kind of atmosphere we want going on this afternoon. So we're not teaching you, we're facilitating you learning, we're facilitating you having fun as well, that's the important thing. Cool. So if we just introduce ourselves, firstly we've got Matt, our resident expert, do you want to just say a few things about yourself? Yeah I wouldn't say I'm an expert but I've been doing Android development for the past year on placement so I'm currently a third year student. Last year I spent down in Brighton, I was working for a small company Rebo and we did apps for clients so we did Tesco and people like that. Also done some of our own internal stuff on Android and I got a pretty good idea of how it all works so that's me. So that's where Matt's coming from. Martin also here, do you want to say anything about what you've done in the past with Android? Well this is my first year with Android and I've created an app which covered the most basic concepts covered in Android and I'm just keep going and learning. So Martin's an example of a person who wanted to be able to do something, went away, learnt it, made mistakes and learnt from those mistakes so hopefully today you'll be able to learn from his mistakes as well as your own. The other three people on there are me, Danielle and Dragos who are sitting at the back. We're from ManUp so if you haven't heard of ManUp, a quick plug, we're Manchester Ultimate Programming, we hold events like this and weekly talks where we try and have fun with computers and if you want to know anything more go to our website, our Facebook page and ask us questions. Quickly summary of what's going to happen today so everybody's on the same page. We're going to have a talk which is why we're in this room because this is a room for giving talks and it's going to last about half an hour. Matt's going to give you an overview of Android, how the different bits fit together, some grounding so when we go and start running through the tutorial and start doing some more work, we have a shared understanding. When we move through to LF 15 we're going to split it into different groups depending on what people want out of the session so we'll have a group for people who haven't done anything before walking through that door and we'll help you install what you need to install, get things set up. We'll also have another group for people who want to start running through the tutorials going through and we'll also have a third group for people who've had a play before and want to look at some more interesting topics, want to start doing some developments and that kind of thing. So can I just have a quick share of hands? Who's an expert in Android? So nobody, that's good. Who's had a play before? So quite a few of you had a play before. That's good so we're going to give you the opportunity to get together and play together. Who's managed to go through our installation instructions and install some things on their machine? A lot of you, good. Who hasn't? Who's just walked through those doors and hasn't done anything? Include yourself in that group if you've tried and failed the instruction sheet. Okay, one more, two more people, three more people, good. Okay, so it looks like we're going to have a nice mix of different things going on. Brilliant. So you might get to different stages in this depending on what you've done before getting here. If this is very successful then we might meet again and give people an opportunity to build on us. This is kind of a toe in the water to see what we can get out of this and I hope everybody has fun. That's the most important thing. So I'm going to hand over to Matt now who's going to talk about things that you're actually interested in hearing about. Okay, thank you very much. Let's do this quickly. Okay, so what I'm going to talk today is mainly just a basic overview of Android. So it's not going to be too much about how you actually code stuff. It's going to be more just an overview of how the system fits together, all the different components and just pointing out bits that you should probably look more into in the next couple of hours. So there'll be a little bit of code shown on the screen, but I'm not going to go through it too much because the documentation is actually pretty good for doing that and in half an hour I don't think we've got much time to actually do some code. Okay, so let's quickly go through the basic structure of an Android app. So at the very top of it you have the application. So each component has its own life cycle. So what that means is it all you've got a Java class and it'll have methods that are called specific times. So you normally have like on create, on pause, on resume and on destroy. So on create is when it first gets created. So in the applications case is when you first launch it you'll get that first I'm being created. So that's a perfect opportunity to start kicking off some of the stuff you need to do in the background, some of the bits you need to do for your app. Below that you've got each activity. So who actually uses Android as their day-to-day phone? Cool. So each of the screens that you see, each of those is essentially a different activity and for all intents purposes you can class it as a separate application almost. So they each have their own life cycle. So when you first open a screen it'll go on create. So it creates the view and starts setting out all the layout and stuff and then it'll go through a series of other methods which set up the class and make sure it's ready to go. So you have multiple of these in each application and you sort of navigate between them. Below the activity you have what are called fragments. So has anyone got an Android tablet? A few people, no Tom has. So the fragments are basically the different elements on the screen. So you've got, I'll probably run through an example now quickly. This thing has not many people have seen it. Visualise the left. Cool. So I use this, that one. Yeah, cool. So if I use the calendar as an example, so on this screen here you've got one big fragment at the top which is the bit that you interact with there. You've also got another bit of UI here and another bit there. So you can think of it as encapsulating a single bit of UI within one screen. So if I look at the same application, it's exactly the same code, running on my phone. Hopefully you can see that all right. But that is basically the top bit that you saw on the application. So you can encapsulate these bits of UI as a single class and then reuse them in different parts and different configurations depending on the device. Okay. And then below that you've got the views. So these are each of the individual elements on the screen. So Android's got quite a lot of built-in elements but the most obvious ones are things like text views, image views, edit text which is like a text box, date pickers, all this sort of thing is all built in. So you can use them in your fragments. Okay. So another integral part is the manifest file. So this one, when you first create an application you'll get a file that looks a bit like this. Can everyone see the screen? Okay. I don't need to take the lights down a bit. Cool. Okay. So the manifest file is just an XML file which tells the operating system what is in the app. So this is the one that gets generated for you when you first create a basic app. So you can see it describes the version code and the version name, gives a package name, the icon you want to use on the launcher, the name for the app and then each of the individual activities will go there. So each of the individual screens you've got to define them there. I'll go more, a lot of that won't make sense until you start playing with it but hopefully I'll go through bits of that now. So activities. So these are really integral to Android so each of them have their own life cycle like I said. So you can treat them almost as a separate application. There shouldn't be very much shared state between them. So if you've got like a data object you shouldn't really pass the whole class between two activities because you'll end up with the operating system keeping hold of both screens at once using more memory and causing your phone to be unresponsive. So I'll go through in a minute but you've essentially got a message passing system instead. So activities like I said should normally contain fragments which handle the actual UI. The activity should just be the link between those fragments depending on what sort of device they're on. You might find yourself when you're building for phone and tablet and even the bigger 10 inch tablets as well you might have different paths that the user goes through to do the same task. So on the bigger devices it might all be on one screen. On the smaller ones like the phone they might have to move between three different activities and that's something you'll see when you start building with it. You'll be able to see that'll become more obvious. Okay so I talked about the life cycle a bit. Is that clear enough? Can everyone read the little text? Okay so this is for a single activity so a single screen of the application. So first bit the activity is launched and you'll get that with a method on create will be called. So that's your call to start setting things up. Start setting the layout up and getting ready for the view to actually be shown. You'll then get on start which isn't used too often normally you just leave that as it is but that's the one that's called afterwards. On resume is called the first time it's set up but also if the user goes away from activity and then comes back. So if they go away they click on a link away for a minute or whatever and then they come back you'll get on resume. So on the opposite side of that there's also on pause. So the on pause is if you've got something running in the background or you're holding on to a database cursor a database object you can then close that when they're when you get called on pause because the user's no longer looking at your activity they've gone away so you don't need to hang on to it you can free that memory and then when they come back in on the on resume you can then reopen it and it's a way of making the whole system more responsive by you being as smart with your resources as possible. So after that you've got the on stop this sort of going down and then when the activity is completely destroyed and wiped from memory you'll get undistroyed.  So it's a little quirk of android that seems a bit stupid at first but what it allows you to do is to have different layouts and different functionality for different orientations of the device. What you can do though is I don't think it's on no it's not on this diagram but you can save some state in between so like the position in a list or actually save some of the data so when they come back into the correct the orientation they want the data's already there you don't have to completely reload everything so you can do stuff like that but by default it will essentially destroy the screen and recreate it so move on from there okay so again this is from the very basic um when you first generate a um android project you'll get a basic activity so this is literally all it does so if you've seen Java before you've probably seen something that looks exactly like this you've got your package name you've got the um import statements and then you'll see the class that you've created extends activity so that's a built in android class specific to android and that has a lot of the basic functionality built in um and then you're overriding the oncreate and then you can see here setting the content view so at this you're setting a specific layout to be the view that's going to be shown I'll come more into layouts in a minute um you see you also need to call the super so that's calling the super class um so it runs its bit of oncreate as well if you don't do that you'll get a crash and you'll get a tiny little error in the error log and at first you'll be confused because it doesn't pop up anything obvious on the screen but if you read back you'll see that you've just missed that one line it's amazing how often you do that okay so the layouts these are defined as xml files so they basically they basically layout everything on the screen as part of that you've got the layouts it's a bit confusing the um like layout containers and the actual views themselves the containers there's quite a lot but the ones you'll use the most are the linear layout the frame layout and relative layout I'm not going to go too deeply into them I think I'm going to show you the basics of them but these are the ones that you'll see the most so if I go through I think I've got okay so this is an example of a linear layout so hopefully from the name you can guess what it does so you've got a view up here and then in this case you'll see the orientation horizontal so it'll put them next to each other horizontally you can also have that vertically and it'll lay stuff out vertically it's a really simple one to use so that you have your linear layout then inside I've got these two fragments so they're going to be laid out next to each other um you'll also see you've everything's prefix with android this is sort of a quirk of xml which is why I really hate xml because it's quite verbose but you generally have to do you have to do that with everything and you've got layout width and layout height these are required for every single element you put in if you don't do this you won't get any errors at compile time but when you try and show the the layout it will just crash it'll complain so the options you've got for that are fill parent um wrap content and putting a specific width in um the fill parent does what it says the wrap content will see what the content is and make it exactly the right size um and then putting a specific width in will um make it that width a little bit of a quirk on here the linear layout has got something called a weight so basically you define a ratio that you want the views to have so in this case fragment two is three with the weight of three fragment one is the weight of one so you'll get that nice proportion and for that to work you need to set the width to zero which is really unintuitive but that's the way it works okay so the relative layout this one is much more complicated and you see a lot of android developers not using it so it looks the same like that you've just got a relative layout still got the width and height the orientation i don't know why i've left that in there that shouldn't be there so in this case we've got three fragments so the way the relative layout works you say you put the views in and you say how they're how they're laid out relative to each other so if you look at fragment one which that top one you say you see the on line nine uh you've got a line parent left is true so it's aligned to the left of the screen and it's also aligned to the top of the screen fragment two the one below that one is aligned to the top of the screen but to the right of fragment one fragment three is aligned to the right of fragment one and below fragment two so you can see it's quite a simple language those are the sort of things you're going to be saying saying and you can do quite complicated things to do this with a linear layout you'd need lots of nested layouts and when you get to really complicated ones it starts getting quite slow because you in that case there's only one uh layer that it has to go down so this is the actual this is what it looks like when you run it so you can see fragment one to the top left of the screen fragment two to the top and to the right and fragment three taking up that space there so you can just define all these things and not many not a surprisingly few number of android developers actually use this but it's really good for getting efficient layouts you don't have to do this nesting of linear layouts which looks ugly in xml um and this is just much easier much quicker one thing i'll say as well i'll go back there's another one which i haven't put in is the frame layout so the way this works you essentially it takes up the whole screen and that any views you put in there are laid on top of each other so the one at the top goes to the back and then it goes forward i think it's that way so the best this is best to use when some of the views have got some some sort of a transparent area so if you've got an image and you want to overlay some text on it you'd use a frame layout and you do this just because it's a lot quicker android just knows that they all fill the space and it just puts them in so it doesn't have to go through the process of measuring each one and putting it in it can just slap them straight in cool okay so i mentioned before about the moving between activities so the way you generally do this is using intents so intents are basically a small pointer to the next place you want to go so generally you'll do it between like with moving between activities so i'm this activity i want to go to this one um in that case you'd have an explicit link you'd do the activity class name dot class so it's a uh java reflection sort of thing but you can also put in data uris you can do all sorts of fancy stuff with them they're also used for passing messages for system messages to activities so the system is constantly sending stuff out like the wi-fi is connected the wi-fi is disconnected the screen is turned off the brightness level has been changed all that sort of stuff you can register your interest in so you can register that you want to be told about certain events happening and your app can respond to that sort of thing but internally you're going to be using it to move between different screens so i put a quick example of that so as well as that you can be passing small bits of information generally these are primitives so things like strings um integers doubles floats all that sort of stuff and also this weird if you you'll have to look at the documentation for this but there's this idea of a parcelable which i can never say very well so you can take a big complicated class package it down and then send it through an intent and then at the other end it'll reconstruct it into a full class so it gets a bit hairy when you're doing stuff like that but you can pass data through as extras so in this example you're creating a new intent you're passing in a context which is basically android's way of getting access to certain system stuff generally an activity is a context so you can just pass your own pass yourself in which is a bit weird you then say where you want to go to so in this case we're going to another activity and a dot class the reflection bit so you've got some extras you're passing through and then you're just saying start activity and passing it the intent and that's android the android systems queue to start the process of changing screens okay so fragments just water okay so like i said before these should be used to encapsulate certain bits of the ui so generally if you've got a tablet app you might have a list on one side and then the details on the other on the opposite side you can also rearrange these depending on what sort of device you have so you can have more fragments on a big a big tablet and move between screens and all that sort of stuff okay so i think i'll show you okay so this is just one of those fragments i showed you before just a really simple example of that turn the lights down a bit too much maybe okay just a really simple example of that so you're now extending fragment instead of instead of extending an activity you've got to have this blank constructor another weird quirk of the way it's designed and in this case you've got different lifecycle methods so you've got one that's on create view so what this allow this is basically your call to actually create the view so you'll get passed in a layout inflator which you then use to inflate the xml into actual classes so you don't have to do that yourself that's all handled for you you're also passed in the containers of where you're going to live and also any any state so if the if the fragments being reconstructed then you might get some state which is used for you to set certain things in a certain way um so you see here all i'm doing is having to return a view so i'm inflating it passing in one of the resources which this layout thing so you see our layout fragment one that um that points to a specific file in the layouts folder of your resources um which is one of those layouts i showed you a couple of slides ago you're also passing in the container just so it knows where it should be living how big so this is the actual um fragment one layout file so this one's really simple one so it's the one i show you before it's just a text view with background set text color um text size and all that sort of stuff and it's just this one here so you see just how it relates okay okay so my talk really quickly about views um there are a lot of views on android so the ones you'll come across the most are text views image views buttons list views pretty much every application will have one of them um there's also grid views progress bars spinners date pickers galleries there's if you look at the documentation you can see how many subclass to view there are and there's over 50 there's like 58 59 um so there's lots of different built-in things and when you get further into making your own android app you'll start realising that the functionality is good but not quite what you want so you can start extending them so because they're just standard java classes you can extend them override some methods and change it to do what you want it to do um and you'll find yourself doing that and mashing two different so uh i don't know mashing a button and a progress bar together or something like that to create your own bit of ui okay don't think i've got any examples okay so the best way to learn them is just to have a look at the documentation you'll be able to see each of the different um methods you can pass in to make them do what you want okay so i'm going to talk really quickly just about patterns so a lot of the time i focus on doing the ui on android so i'm quite interested in making sure everything conforms to the way android expects apps to behave that sort of thing um okay so quite a lot of you use android who doesn't use androids as their phone okay quite a few so i'll take i'll do some examples okay so if we take a look here uh it's probably a bad thing on set take this away before i start showing you my emails okay there's still quite a lot there maybe don't use that app okay maps that's a better one cool okay so one of the main patterns of android is the um the action bar so this is the bit you see at the top of the screen so zoom in a bit zoom okay so at the top of this screen you can see there's a lot of different controls that you'll um you can interact with so these might differ between different devices so the same app on um the phone probably have it won't have the big search search maps option but might have button for that so on the far left of so if you look at this bit on the far left you've got the app icon this also doubles as an up arrow which is very very subtly different to to the back button on the phone um i'm not going to go through that because it's complicated and wordy but if you look at the um documentation it'll explain the differences between the up and the back there's different actions that they should perform so number two on this list is the uh a spinner so you can choose instead of using tabs um you can use what's called a spinner to navigate your app so you can you can see it with the um calendar so the spinner there changes you between different view different views so day week month and agenda um you've also got these buttons so these are commonly used functions so in this case so in the case of the calendar you've got going to um today so if you tap that it'll take you straight to today and also creating a new event so that again you're trying to bubble up the most used actions for that particular screen and you're putting them as buttons on the action bar so they're really really accessible you've also got this overflow um menu so you can see that there these are just sort of less commonly used functions of your application but you still want that want relatively easy accessible so you've got things like settings you generally put there all the google ones have the send feedback um anything that isn't something that the user's going to be using all the time but you still want to have quite direct access to okay so that's the action bar another pattern which has come out quite recent which has become more used quite recently is the um swipeable tabs so the idea is um you should be able to be on one bit of content and then swipe to the next bit so you can see this fairly easily on here you're going to swipe to the next day and that's a very common pattern you'll see on android so if i dare to go in to my email yep i don't know what this is um so you've got an email here and you can instead of going back to that list you can then just swipe to the next one so you also see it as navigation within an application so if you've got tabs you should be able to swipe between them instead of tapping on the tab but you also see it um swiping between bits of content when you started drilling down so in this case the uh gmail app okay okay so there's lots of other patterns and lots of other bits of um design related stuff this website is well worth reading so it's on the developer website and then the design tab at the top even if you even if you think you're just a developer you should still read this because it gives you a lot of insight into why everything's designed in that certain in that way and how you can make your app conform to these standards and it's well worth doing because if you release your app onto the store if they don't conform to standards they won't tend to promote them as a featured app um if you talk to the guys at google they'll just they basically just suggest that you conform to this before they'll start featuring you okay i think i'm coming near to the end okay services so this is something that's going to be this more like the back end of the app so if you've got i said before the activity shouldn't share too much state between them but obviously within an application you should you still need some sort of in the data store or um some state shared in the background where you do this is using a service so you can create this in the application um class so when you first create the application it'll start up the service and then each activity can bind to it which gives it access to the um methods uh in the service um the most common one common way that they're used is in things like music apps so the the actual music playing will be done not in the activity but in a service so that has its own lifecycle like every component on android and when you move away from the app it's still kept running um by default it runs on the same thread so you need to do um you need to either tell android in the manifest valve you want it on a separate thread or using something internally called async tasks if you don't everything will be running on the ui thread which when you're scrolling through lists and stuff is not very good you want as little as possible running there so the way you interact with it i'm not going to show you code examples as plenty on the developer website is through binding to them so this gets you a reference to the um service make sure the the service knows that you're interacting so it does it doesn't try and kill itself midway through and then you can interact with it by calling its methods the other way is using the intents so you've got um you've got an object in android that's just a service or you've got an intent service which is again another built-in class but gives you it's already written some of the functionality you need to be able to interact with with intents so you can pass messages and it will send a broadcast back to you and anyone else who's listening so you can ask it um i know how many how many items are in this data store and it'll send a broadcast back with that information i think we'll come to the end okay so it's time to go play first i was going to point out some useful links so the android developer documentation really really useful one so one thing i find myself using a lot is the reference because it's hard to remember lots of classes so you can search up here for different things and you'll get a list of all of the different things you can do with a tech a text view you can also if you use chrome go into the chrome store and you can download an android developer widget that allow sorry widget um application that allows you to type ad in the title bar then press space and then you can just type exactly what you want and it'll take you there so that's one really useful thing to install straight away because you'll be able to search through the documentation a lot easier as well take a look at the design one it's really um really well written and there's lots of information there to read i think that's it


What's up everybody Jason here for Jasper space calm. We just sold out 1617 penini limited basketball This is a fresh case three box break random teams number one and again guys We have a Kobe auto bounty There are cobs that are live here guys and I actually have pulled one of these before if we do pull one guys We'll randomize all the customer names that bought in and one person at the top of the randomizer number one wins a thousand bucks in Break credit So of course if you have the Lakers you're getting the Kobe, but everybody has a chance at the thousand bucks So here you go. Here's the dice roll. Here's the customer names and the teams. Let's rock and roll roll it It is a five and a six eleven times. Good luck one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven five six eleven J at the top Donna Anthony five six eleven one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven Brooklyn Nets down to the Boston Celtics All right, so Jay you have the Brooklyn Nets taught with the pelicans Nicholas with the T-wills Joe with the Hornets Brandon with the Pistons Joe with the Grizzlies Nicholas with the Kings Steve with the Bulls J with the calves Brian with the Rockets Nicholas with the magic Canard with the 76ers Nicholas with the Lakers Brandon with the Clippers Steve with the Suns Eric with the Jazz Stephen Kendrick with the Warriors Melanie with the Blazers Steve with the Spurs David with the Nuggets Nicholas with the Pacers Joe with the Wizards Anthony with the Nicks Joe with the Heat Nicholas with the Bucks Russell with the Mavericks yawn with the Thunder Nicholas with the Raptors Steve Burch with the Hawks and Anthony with the Boston Celtics So I'll give you guys a quick minute guys if you do want to make any trades This is the time Anybody interested in the jazz if not guys, I'm closing it All right guys Jared just got the last two straight up spots in the slabs So again, we have to do two fillers I'm just gonna cancel that second filler now and that filler that's on the website is the last one so I'm just gonna put us with five more spots So we don't do this tonight. We can definitely do this tomorrow And then I'm gonna change the filler name to last spot last filler Alright, sorry about the AJ. I guess nobody wants the jazz All right guys, so again fresh case right here So again one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve Let's just generate three numbers and then we'll just grab randomly for the rest of these as we continue to break them So let's generate three numbers First one there is seven Six seven is the top box Let's go with the next one four One two three four That box there and then last one here is 11 That's the second to last box here Sweet so these boxes here guys will be for the next break All right again guys if we pull a Kobe Give what thousand bucks So good luck to Lakers owner and actually guys my printer ran out of paper So I'm gonna show them a whole list but there you go right there. There's everybody in the break Good luck guys. I think I'll get some paper after this Kristal Borzingas and Aaron a fall We have Chandler Parsons dream on green Marcine Gortat is the first numbered car to 49 Made a Derek Rose With a Malik Beasley Nice patch rookie phenoms to 39 She's not a bad player though at the time and then a Greg Monroe relic for the Bucks What a Nicholas our next one Oladipo Jeremy Lynn Jennings Dwight Howard Marcine or Gorn drogic. Sorry The 25 no limit insert of Anthony Davis. That's gonna go to the Pelicans and then Breece Johnson Limited rookies patch autographs to 49 It's going to the Clippers and Brandon a little Eric Blutzo I guess actually has actually started it like what 530 Actually have points coming up guys damn it Roger Rondo Paul Pierce Mario and Jonah We got a no limit car Anthony Towns and Patrick McCall Rookie phenoms to 39 and then 400 points guys. So didn't get a second hit. So 400 points 400 points. Let's go. Everybody gets a chance roll One and a three four times one two three Anthony there you go, buddy So you'll be getting that one there And I'm preaching you guys no Kobe here But hey, just the first three boxes of a 12 box case could definitely be in the next one guys So I did already post up the next one if you guys want to get that one rolling Already posted Jasper's case breaks.com guys. Thanks


Secondary active transport is relies on primary active transport. It still pumps things against the concentration gradient. Secondary active transport, it still requires energy. It still pumps things against the concentration gradient. However, it doesn't require direct energy. It's not direct. Now, what was our direct form of energy in the previous example? ATP is an example of direct energy. ATP is like direct money. In secondary active transport, there is someone who is pumping against a concentration gradient. So step one, someone does primary active transport. It happens somewhere and creates a concentration gradient. And then that concentration gradient is used to transport something else against its concentration gradient. What? Okay, take a deep breath and I'm going to show you how this is going to work. Remember, this is primary active transport and we have a little pump is basically creating a high sodium environment outside and a high potassium environment inside. Okay, so this pump is just like, it's going to work. It's using a direct source of ATP and it's pumping and pumping and it's creating these concentration gradients. And now that the concentration gradient has been created, and now watch this. Okay, I have to think this through. Sodium wants back in. Do you agree with that? It's a high concentration of sodium out here. So if we had a transporter, a secondary active transport transporter that led, okay, so I'm going to make it look like this so that you can agree, right? It looks like a little thing. Sodium is going to want to come in and go through. Like it wants back into the cell because this guy, the sodium potassium pump, is pumping it out using ATP to pump it out. Lots of ATP is being used to create this concentration gradient of sodium. Now along comes this pink thing that says, hey man, sodium over here, I'll let you in. I'll let you in down your concentration gradient. Sodium's like, boom, I'm in, let's do this. Sodium is just going to go down its concentration gradient. This is where the energy comes from. Sodium is going down its concentration gradient. Guess who's going to hitch a ride? I'll tell you who. Sugar. Glucose is going to hitch a ride. Glucose is going to like say, well, I'm telling you right now, there's a lot of glucose inside this cell. So glucose, really, if you're going to try to pump more glucose in here, good luck. You're going to have to do active transport in order to do it. So secondary active transport says, hey, but there's a concentration gradient for sodium. So let's let sodium in and have glucose hitch a ride. And glucose is going to hitch a ride and make it in against its concentration gradient. So let's get down sodium's concentration gradient. If the sodium concentration gradient disappeared, then glucose is out of luck. Sorry, man, you can't get in. Do you kind of get a sense of that? So somebody, you have to be using ATP to establish the concentration gradient in the first place. And then you have to let that molecule carry someone else against their concentration gradient. Kind of feel like, dude, let's do a big old, like a performance. We can pretend like we're cells in a room going in and out. I bet we'll do that in class. Okay, these are all relatively small substances. What if like you want to get an entire bacteria in or out? Yeah, that's going to be another whole story. We need a new method.


Hey guys, it's Nate, AKA The Foot Accountant. Welcome back to the channel. Summer heat is coming today, and we need to talk about the loading screen that EA put up yesterday as our 6 p.m. content, along with the Havertz Play of the Month SBC. But that's not what we're here to talk about. I wanna talk about market movements for this promo that is starting today, kind of a weird one, starting on a Wednesday. But I think there might be some reasons for that, which we're gonna talk about in this video today. So, summer heat. Yes, this is the promo that we've never seen before in FIFA Ultimate Team, and it's still kind of looking sort of like footies. I know yesterday I've been going back and forth, saying, hey, this looks like footies, this kind of doesn't look like footies, based on what people are saying and based on what leaks may have come out. But this part to me still looks like footies, re-releasing old cards back into the game. And putting these card designs on the loading screen for yesterday tells me that these cards are gonna be re-released onto the market. I think these cards are gonna be back in packs. I don't know if it's gonna be today, or if it's gonna be Friday, but I think these cards are gonna come back into packs and hopefully we get some information on what all that entails. Like today's a pretty big day. A lot of stuff could happen today. I mean, we've had multiple card designs that have showed up on the loading screen. We've now had these types of cards shown up on the loading screen, like out-of-pack special cards from previous promos. We've had stuff about SBCs that have shown up on the loading screen. So it's gonna be really interesting to see what EA does, but seriously, it's looking more and more just like the good old footies promo that we are used to. With maybe some new stuff added on that's gonna make summer heat more interesting, like with that summer heat card design. And maybe this is just taking over footies all together. I still don't know, but we're gonna get some answers today, but I still wanna talk about a few things that we can not necessarily confirm, but what we can sincerely expect based on this loading screen right here. This tells me for sure that these cards are gonna get re-released back into packs. That's the way that I think it has to be because last year we had this as well during footies. This is a list from a website called FIFA U-Team. This is a list of cards that were back into packs last year. There were three batches last year, if you remember during footies. The first batch was released, and then it was out for two weeks. Then there was a second batch that was out for two more weeks after that. And the third batch was adding TOTS cards into that basically, and then combining the best players from the second and third batch. So this promo, all in all last year, was basically a, I mean, it was like over a month. Like this footies was like a month-long promo with cards and packs for just kind of like, you know, releasing that stuff back into packs for stuff to do for the end of the year. So I feel like that's how this summer heat promotion could be starting out today. It could be something where we see today and get information today about a promo that's gonna be lasting a pretty long time. But the other thing I wanna talk about is this footwatch code that was tweeted out today. This summer heat nominee was added as a rare type into the game, which I think that was the card design that we saw earlier this week on one of those promo screens that they released. It was like the white card with the color splashes that wasn't the royal one. If you go back and look at some of those other loading screens from a couple days ago, I think it's in this like a nominee type card that makes me think it's more footies related that there's gonna be some sort of voting involved or some sort of player pick or, I don't know, like last year they did voting through player picks. I feel like there's some sort of voting involved here with a nominee player. Maybe they're gonna have nominees in packs and they're gonna have, I don't know, this is maybe like team of the year nominees all over again. Not sure how EA is gonna run this one, but I do think that has potential to be pretty interesting. So what would I expect today on FIFA Ultimate Team in terms of content? I would expect some sort of SBC to come out related to the summer heat promotion, whether it's just a pack supply SBC or some sort of like player SBC they're re-releasing. I would expect us to get some sort of SBC either today or on Friday. Again, I should rephrase that. I see this going one of two ways. Either one of two ways is gonna happen. They say the promo starts today on Wednesday. There's not a lot that's released except for maybe a vote and maybe an objective or something like that that would come out today. And the promo with the cards coming back into packs and stuff like that, that could start on Friday because most of the time they don't put stuff into packs on the middle of a week on a Wednesday, they do it on a Friday, but also they usually sell lightning rounds on a Friday. So I don't think they didn't do lightning rounds last year for cards coming back into packs. That would not make sense for them to do. But I think that that's kind of the one or two ways think we could see everything happen today on Wednesday or we could see a maybe a bit of a delay with today being the start of the promo with some sort of votes. And maybe that's the vote for the summer heat card or for the footies card basically. And then on Friday we see the rest of the promo starting. So that's how I could feel that goes or it all just drops today again. But it is interesting as starting on a Wednesday. But if you remember back to footies of past, like last year's footies, if you remember what they did then was they put out the vote two days before and then the winner of that vote would then have their SBC come two days later. So I don't know if you remember that but we got like the Lozano vote was like one of the first votes that we got. It was like Lozano, Gelson Martins and some other guy. We had to choose between one of those three players as our vote. I think Lozano was first last year, FIFA 19. Anyways, that is how I would expect maybe it to go today. And then maybe they dropped some objective. People have been talking about like Cisoco, Furlan Mendy, Ryan Kent, all getting these super duper upgraded cards. That's just all hype at this point until we actually see something come out today. A lot of question marks still, going on with this promo until we actually figure out what's going on. But I do want to talk about again, the cards that were on the loading screen. I want to mention this because some people are already starting to panic sell these cards. Some cards have not moved at all. Now this for me, no, people have been hyping up this card. He was a hundred, like 10,000 coins on the week and they sell off. Now he's up to like 150. Some people have been buying into like the concepts they've been seeing on Twitter about this card getting upgraded to like a 93 or 94 and then re-releasing it. I don't think they're gonna upgrade those cards that you saw on the loading screen. I don't think they're upgrading these anymore or like boosting their stats. That would be crazy if they did and that'd be super awesome. But I don't think that's what they're gonna do at least at the moment. Honestly, what I think they're gonna do is just re-release all of these cards back into packs. And of course, you can tell or you would think that that does crazy things to the market. I want to show you what happened to a card last year that was kind of overpriced a little bit during Team of the Season and what could happen this year to some of these cards as they go back into packs. So Gabriel Jesus was in batch two. He was in batch two with Carnival cards last year during footies. My man went from 260,000 coins on the day of his release or two days before. My man dropped from 260K after being in packs for two weeks. He went all the way down to 50,000 coins. So we went from 260K to 50K. There are cards like that that are gonna be put back into packs that could have massive, massive drops in price. The ones that we saw on the loading screen, right? We saw the winter refresh players. We saw headliners. We saw shape shifters, scream cards. Some informs are gonna be re-released, right? So there's a possibility for a lot of these cards to be panic sold and to be, there's not a lot of panic selling going on right now except for the most panic selling is actually happening in the higher tier. Like this Neymar card is down like 150, 200,000 coins. He's like 3.45, 3.47. He was in the three sixes earlier today and earlier this week. The Ronaldo shape shifter down is a little bit. And it's mostly what I think is people are realizing that, hey, these cards could come back into packs. And if I had any of these, I think I would take the safe route and sell because regardless of whatever this promo brings, it's bringing new cards to the game and it's taking hype away from these most likely and it's putting the hype somewhere else. So that could make some of these cards drop. So if you've got some of these guys in your squad and your club and your team that you're rocking, just a fair warning, if they do come back into packs, these are the types of cards that could take a major, major hit. Some of them might still rebound from when they go down low. They might not drop as much because some of these cards don't have better versions, right? Levin Dalske is a team of the season. But a lot of these cards that I'm looking at, Neymar is a tots as well, but a lot of these cards that I'm just kind of monitoring the price of, they don't have team of the seasons. And that's like, this is like the best version of Marcelo that we have in this game. And if this guy, I mean, I feel like this guy has enough hype in this game and has good enough stats for this stage of the game to possibly have some potential to rise back or there to be too much panic selling. And I'm just kind of thinking through cards that I want to watch the prices of. But if you have any shape shifters, any headliners, any even con me bowl cards, that those were in the loading screen today or went to refresh or wants to watch players, I would be very careful with those cause I think there is the potential for those to be back into packs. And again, we saw with that Gabriel Jesus graph, if a lot of packs are being opened, which a lot of packs are going to be opened because if people have the opportunity to pack a lot of special cards, they're just going to go grind packs because it's fun to pack stuff like that. Even though the stats might not be as good as the team of the season cards that we have in the game now, people just love to go out and try to pack special cards when they have the opportunity to do so. So you're going to see these guys, if they do get re-released, you're going to see them drop a lot. They're going to drop tons. They're going to exponentially fall. Most of them are going to drop crazy high amounts. So just be careful with those. I don't see a lot of panic selling yet, honestly, which is a bit surprising to me. I guess most people don't think these cards are going to be back into packs. I think, although it is not confirmed, that is what we will see with those cards that were on the loading screen today. One other very interesting thing that we found today as well on the live stream, I don't know if you can actually see this, but what happened was we were opening a deluxe team of the season pack on the stream today that somebody had saved. I think they were on a sign, they had rare golds, they were just selling them, but they did the SBCs and we opened them today on stream. And when we opened the pack, I'll show you a little clip of it right here, the walkout animation was pink. And if we fast forward to the end of the pack animation, you see that there's pink outlines that the stands behind are pink. Maybe this is part of the summer heat pack animation, they're changing possibly, because I don't think I've ever seen a pink pack animation, like pink lights with a pink walkout on FIFA. I know we had Foot Future Stars, which was technically a pinkish color, but for that to be changed right now was very, very interesting. And I went back and I tried to open a regular pack to see if that would show that animation and it didn't. It was only with that deluxe tots pack that we had saved. And we opened four guaranteed team in the season packs that that guy had saved up and they were all pink like that. So I don't know, man, some people think there's gonna be cards in packs today, like a new squad. If they did that, that would be ridiculous. And that would cause, the only thing that's gonna cause a massive market crash today would be, if we saw big time cards added to this game, like a summer heat promo squad, if we saw that today, that would cause panic. Again, we're talking about the possibility of that Ferland-Mendi left back summer heat card. If that would be a card that would come out of packs today, and if there's like an Usman-Dembele, if there's a Ryan Kent, those would be types of cards that they came out in the game today. You would see panic selling on team of the seasons because those cards are at that same level as a tots, right? So that's something I guess you could be wary of today, but I wouldn't really expect a lot of that in my opinion. I would expect mostly just dropping prices on those other out-of-packs special cards that we looked at that are on the loading screen. That's what I would expect the most at this time. Other things to expect today, this is probably gonna get lost in the all the hoopla of summer heat, but today on FIFA Ultimate Team, we should be getting another Twitch Prime pack, which is perfectly timed. So if EA wants to drop a Twitch Prime pack and they're gonna drop all these new cards into packs, that would be a perfect time for them to do that because today's a Twitch Prime pack. So that's gonna be something you guys, if you have Twitch Prime, that is something you're gonna be able to get. Also, we could see a FIFA 21 release trailer because the EA Play live event that's gonna be covering FIFA 21 or the first little tidbit of it, releasing the first bit of information is tomorrow. So what they've done in the past years is the day before they released kind of a sneak peek of FIFA 21 info. So that could be coming today. Stay tuned to EA's Twitter for that one. And then also today, we can't overlook this. Premier League is back, baby. Premier League is back. I'm excited for Premier League football to come back. Hopefully you are too. So that's gonna be fun to have some of those games back and to be able to watch football again, especially in the Premier League. So that's kind of an overview of what content you could be seeing today on FIFA Ultimate Team with stuff that could be coming out in the game. I'm not done just yet, all right? It sounds like I'm done with the video, but I'm not just done yet. I wanna talk about a few more things related, market related, especially related to like SBCs. Because if this promo is SBC related, you're gonna need a lot of these fodder cards to do those SBCs, right? Fodder is still inflated because we have not gotten any tradable supply to knock these down. And since we did get the Havertz Player of the Month SBC today, some people did go out and do that and you saw some of these prices go up a little bit. Especially in some of these 85s. A lot of these guys I think were like 9K yesterday. And it looks like they went up today with the SBCs that came out. Yeah, like it was 9K up to like 11,000 coins, that's a card at least. So it does look like some of these cards rose up fodder today, hopefully with a lot of packs that could be opened during this promo just because people are gonna grind League SBCs is how else are you gonna get packs? Like if they put all of these cards back into packs, how are you gonna be able to open up packs? Last year they didn't release upgrade SBCs. So the only way you could stack packs and try to pack these cards that are re-released, which is actually profitable. This is one of the most profitable times of the year to do League SBC method. Honestly, I was talking about this on stream as well. There were people, if you have decent pack luck, right? Which you know, it's EA, so it changes. But from 7.5K packs last year, if you look at the loading screen again with all of those special card types that are out in the game, they're gonna release like Man of the Matches as well, you're gonna pack so many cards that are just special versions in this game. People were opening 7.5K packs last year during the footies promo, and they were packing special cards that they could quick sell for 10K a pop because the quick sell value on those is still 10,000 coins. Whether you get an inform, a Man of the Match, maybe a Liberatorious kickoff team card. You were able to actually make coins from opening 7.5K packs over, and it was like the bronze pack method with 7.5Ks, because all it took was you for you to hit one or two special cards in the same pack, and boom, you're doubling your money right there with just quick sell value. That could happen again with all of these cards that are re-released. So that's just something to think about. It's honestly gonna be easy to farm coins. You're gonna be able to make coins during this promo by like doing league SBCs if they release all of these cards into packs. So what that is gonna do is, it's gonna drive up the cost of league SBCs because that's the way people are gonna get coins. So for my guys that do league SBCs, maybe look into some of the silvers that are involved, that are rare with some of these. They could be rising up as people get ready to do those league SBCs just to get some tradable packs so that they can open some sort of pack when summer heat does come out. So that is something you can look into as well if you're a league SBC grinder type of person. So that's kind of what I'm expecting today, boys. Possibly new man of the match cards as well because technically we're not getting a team of the week yet. Team of the week is coming next week. So a week from today is team of the week. But, or today, we probably get a new set of man of the match cards which could include Serie A and La Liga because those leagues have started back up now as well. So probably a new man of the match set with those guys that are coming out today just be on the lookout for those cards that could be coming today and FIFA Ultimate team as well. But a big day, potential for a ton of content. That's what I tweeted out yesterday when I saw this loading screen, as I said, looks like there could be a lot going on tomorrow. It's gonna be a lot to digest. We'll be covering it here on the channel, of course, as per usual in the videos. So if you enjoyed this video, smash the thumbs up on it. If you're hyped for summer heat, tell me why down in the comments below and subscribe to the channel if you are new. It's been Nate, The Foot Accountant. Catch you guys later. Peace.


The Pentecostal Bishops Forum, Kaduna State Chapter, has called on the Independent National Electoral Commission, INEC, to redeem her image of being independent. The said uproar, after collation and an announcement of final results, declared by the Electoral Body, calls for deep concern, noting unpredictable consequences and revolts situation if not tamed and properly managed, can split into national chaos and calamity. Speaking at a press conference in Kaduna, the Chairman of the Forum, Bishaba Demola Edo, enjoined Nigerians and Kaduna residents to ensure peace and calmness in the face of the various concerns raised after the election. The presidential and national assembly elections could be conducted and managed better by the Independent National Electoral Commission, INEC, as they are avoidable heros and fake promises on the procedures are expected to be met and surpass the uproar that follows after the collation and announcement of the final results as declared by the Electoral Body, Independent National Electoral Commission, INEC, calls for deep concern. The Forum appealed to aggrieved candidates to seek legal redress in court while urging state government and its missionaries to provide the enabling environment for peace to thrive in the state. We are by appeal to the citizens, particularly the body of Christ, to exercise restraints considering the delicate peace we have in our dear state. This is penultimate and necessitated by the peculiarities of our dear state, Kaduna. Situation whereby protests, no matter how intended to be peaceful, were easily hijacked and mis-precentred as sectarian and religious. We cannot afford to preach the peace we currently abate, delicately enjoy under any circumstance.


Hi and welcome to Let's Talk Tachles. I'm so happy to be here again. Today we have a very beautiful and interesting conversation with Dr. Schloemer Bennett. And I really advise you to be patient and listen to it. You'll learn a lot. Wait till the end. There's a lot of surprises in the content towards the end. And as always, hope you enjoy it. We would love to hear more from you at Let's Talk Tachles Now.com. I'd also like to thank our sponsors, the Format Press. We invite you to join them, our sponsor as well. You can see information on our website, Let'sTalkTachlesNow.com, of how to reach us. Thank you very much. Hello and welcome to Let's Talk Tachles. Tonight, without further ado, I'd like to introduce to you my dear friend, Dr. Schloemer Bennett. Dr. Bennett, come on. Schloemer Bennett. You're not a doctor, are you? I have a PhD in psychology. That's very admirable.   First of all, I have a wife and children. I have a beautiful family. I was in Kuala Lumpur. I was in Yeshiva. Yeah, I went to the field of mental health. First, I went to school. I became a therapist, a mental health counselor. A master's degree. Then I went to my doctorate, which is a long process, which is not a discussion for this podcast. But it's doable. And today, you see a lot of people, chassidische heimische, going to the field. Not necessarily a psychology level, but a lot of social workers, a lot of mental health counselors. Yeah. So I basically have a million questions based on your statement. Okay. Number one, what drives chassidische heimische? Like we said, coil family to go out of the box. Let's call it out of the box. When you started, it was definitely out of the box. Correct. To go and become a doctor. Strive and hope and study and do the process. So I always say that people expect... I get this question a lot, different versions of the question. People always expect some dramatic answer, some higher story, difficult childhood, whatever. But the truth is, I have the childhood like many other people, quote, unquote, normal. I don't think there's any normal childhood. I was always in the box. I'm still in the box very much. Also whatever that means. But I had a... When I was a teenager, I had a big interest in... I believe it was a natural interest on the standing people, helping people. I had an interest in particular in psychology. I didn't know back then even the word psychology, but I put my hand on a lot of different... Whatever was kosher for chassidische bocha to read on different reading material, different things that could gather at that time. So after Marasena, I was looking for different ways of what's going to be my future. Back in the day, a big thing was then real estate. It was before the 08... Still is. Still is. Yeah, but then... But I had this drive. I wanted to do something more impactful. I don't know where it came from, why I had it, but this was the fact. And I felt just I'm a job and start out like many people do. I want to do something more. It wasn't enough for me. That comes with more. It comes with more. So back then, somebody actually introduced me that there's a program in Barapark that you can get like a bachelor's degree and afterward a master's degree. And I just... It was a few months after my chassan, I just walked in. It was Turo in Barapark and I walked in and I started asking them what type of programs you have. And they offered... They had a few programs, one of them was mental health and I was like, okay. Wow. And... The rest is history. Yeah, at the time I didn't even think of where it's going to end, but it's like once you start and I just love the process of learning. Still to this day, I always look back at the years I was learning and studying. It's just being immersed in so much knowledge and learning new things and around people that are in similar interest. So the day that I graduated with my master's, I was already in the field because before you graduate you have to do the internships and all that. And I was doing some work and I didn't feel like I accomplished what I needed. Later I found out a lot of people have that feeling and it just comes with time. But somehow, some way, I just made a decision. I remember the day, the moment I made a decision, it wasn't even thought through. I want to go for my doctorate. And I just made that phone call and to a few schools. Within a few weeks I just enrolled in a program. I just continued. How long did it take from after the master to the doctorate? The doctorate was a long process. It took about four or five years. But I already worked in the field because I had my master's and I was able to get licensed as a mental health counselor. So I worked already. So it was easier in a sense because I wasn't just going to school. But people always ask me what's the drive of a person to do what I do. And I think there's no one answered it. Every person has different drives. But I always tell, if a person wants to succeed at least going to school, going into a profession which requires a lot of learning. A lot of professions you go into, you learn in the field and some professions you have to learn a lot of schooling and things that's out of your comfort zone. It's things that you're not used to reading books and listening to lectures and writing papers. A lot of new concepts, new ideas especially someone coming from the Hasidic world or even the Shi'i world it's not something we grow up with. We grow up with learning gamut and all that but it's a different lingo, different everything. So I think there's two main ingredients. You need to find something that really motivates you.  This is what I want to do. And you don't look back, you just do it. Can I stop your minute? It's hard to understand why this subject can sound like a childish motivation. It's really, in a way, it's a very boring and deep and even dark field to be in. It's interesting to hear that someone has at a younger age that drives the excitement and the thrill to master it and to be in it. When I mean a childish motivation I mean to say, maybe it's not the right phrase. No, I'm not. I just want to understand the deeper level of motivation. What drove you to come to that? I'm actually the opposite of what people consider sometimes internal, real motivation like understanding, knowing yourself, like going deeper. I'm the opposite of that. Just thinking of the dream. You have to think of the dream. I remember, I'm a little embarrassing to say this, but I can say this even here in front of the people here, that I used to have these visions that one day I'll stand in front of a crowd of people and talk about psychology. And back in the day I was just in Gimana in my early 20s and this was such a fine concept for me, but that was sometimes these hard days I used to have, I used to envision like standing in a stage in front of people or sitting in a room with someone and just helping them and the person's like opening up to me. Just these simple excitements of that vision that I want to see myself one day. In reality it's not like that, as we all know. I mean some days are like that, but in reality things are harder than it looks like, but I think in order for a person to go through such a difficult process, I mean tedious process. So difficult, tedious. Yeah, you want to find just a simple motivation that keeps you going. That worked for me because the other people have different ways of motivating themselves. Another important thing is something you have to be very resourceful. What I mean by resourceful is that there's not one way to do things. There's many different ways, especially today with technology. When I graduated, I had a few friends who took me, you know, made some Placidius Lachaeum sort of, and they asked me to say a few words and usually if somebody gets up like a graduation party, they say I want to thank my father, my mother, so I'm not even helping, I stood up and said I want to thank Google for helping me out. Without Google, we were what I'd be. In other words, you need to find these resources. People, you know, I reached out to many people that were not highly from the community because back then there was... This was going to be one of my following questions about feeling so alone in the community taking a part in such a big project. But I let you finish the thought that you were looking for people at the time you started saying that. Yeah, I reached out to people who went through the process or in the field already. And what I found is for the most part people who are in the field already are more than eager to help. Believe it or not, in any field, I know for myself over the last ten plus years I've helped numerous, I don't want to say exaggerations, but tens, maybe close to a hundred people who've reached out to me with even little help. Details, questions.  And I'll be more than happy to help. And I always joke with my colleagues that I'd rather help someone in such a capacity, not rather, but sometimes it's much more exciting for me to help someone who is a student that want to help themselves. Then deal with the cases. But it's a joke, by the way. I love working with my clients. Of course. But so again, I think you need to really motivate yourself and find all these reasons. I think even if we would conclude the conversation right now, it was worth listening to it because it's a tremendous motivation for people that really anyone and everyone, once they jump into something with a real commitment, and they set themselves up to... And I want to be clear. I'm very flattered sometimes. People think of me as a very smart person. I always joke because Shem made my hair to fall out, so it makes me sound very smart. I don't consider myself a smarter person than an average person. I'm that serious now. I'm just a simple guy. If you ask my friends when you see the years, I'm just an average student, normal, run-of-the-mill person. It's doable. Everybody, if you put yourself into something and you really immerse yourself, you can really get to it. Wow. I would say you're out of the box kind of a guy. I remember you're in the Good Days. I have to share with the audience that Mr. Bennett is one of the founders of Traveling Conceding. No, no, no. I'm a member. I say one of them. You were very active. We met a couple of times. We met on the road. It takes a lot of love and dedication and selflessness to leave the house for weekends and to shaboose them and to make other people feel good about themselves, about Yiddish guide. And I know that you are also a big contributor to Karafutuni.  Take it, take it. I don't want to take away credit for missing people. No, no, no, no, no. Everyone gets their credit. You too. Thank you. But definitely to go back to the subject of your field. In those days, I think today there's a little bit of a little improvement in the openness and the readiness and the eagerness of our community and society to deal with these issues. But back then I would ask you why wouldn't you become a heart surgeon or brain surgeon or a foot doctor? Like if you want to have guaranteed clients when they book 10, 15, 20 appointments a day, do what's in, do what's popular. And to become at that time to become a doctor and a master in this field, I think takes a lot of bravery and I commend you for that. No, really, I'm married to Flare. But today I want to go to this subject because I know lately there's much more awareness in our community that people really have conditions and issues and they have to be and it's smart to deal with it rather than let it go and let it be ignored and for them to have a dark and sad life and unmanaged life full of trouble to rather deal with it. I want to tell you a quote I heard from my pharmacist two years ago, this is not today. He told me that more than 50% of its prescriptions more than 50% are mentally related. I thought he's truly at that time I thought that it came into our community a little too fast and too with a revenge a little bit and people are starting to just throw around titles and codes and HDD and ABC all kind of notes and names and titles and it took it to the next level of going to the pharmacy and going to specialists because to think that more than 50% of our society are people that are affected mentally and need help and I'm not the norm I'm not common to me it was a little bit a shocker. I know 50% of the population takes medication but it's a big number at the pharmacy in terms of giving out medication yeah what you're bringing up right now is something that's very personal to me because this is actually the subject I studied when I went to my doctorate in order to get to your doctorate you have to do a thing called it's called a thesis or dissertation so you have to actually do a study and present it for a group of professors all things and it's actually published my study that I did on the topic of stigma because what motivated me to to work on the subject of stigma which stigma means basically a certain negative or what's it referred to as a mark actually the word stigma comes that's very interesting years ago back in the Greeks so they used to take people of mental illness they used to burn on their face or something that people should know because back then they had all these beliefs so over the years through generations became this thing that people of mental illness are outcast or whatever so when I went into the field as I said before I was young I was actually very naive and I somehow didn't pick up so much on this whole thing that is so stigmatized you know I thought that yeah of course there's a stigma about this but the people will be very welcoming the fact somebody's here to help I was also a little bit in the bubble because I was most of my days then with other you know people learning the subjects discussing it and then I went out to people I told them what I'm doing and people like almost like what are you doing you're almost part of the stigma exactly and I never I told this recently in my speech and I remember the moment a very hush veroof told me like what are you doing he told me this like a basem that kid that Schmitz you gotta say in English that even a new broom when you use it it gets dirty so in other words you'll get dirty from these people and everything so by the way this roof fast forward is one of the biggest referrals today for mental health but what happened was also when I did my study so I looked at the subject of mental health and on stigma and I wanted to see what are the things what are the factors that causes people to have stigma because I want to see what can we do to change it so I looked at different things and of course the whole thing but the main important thing is push it people are just not knowledge about missing the knowledge about it so the basic education so an interesting thing what I saw in my data that I looked at people living in the area let's say in Monsi Brooklyn different places what I saw that for some reason there was slightly or even more than slightly less stigma let's say for people living in Monsi compared to people living in Brooklyn and that was an interesting thing for me why so I went back and I looked at a very simple factor how many mental health professionals are in Monsi per capita how many people are in Brooklyn and I found out for some reason there were more mental health professionals in Monsi don't ask me why there are some more clinics there and everything so that also told me because there are more people in the field more people talk about it so people are less stigmatized but what happened the last few years is how much everything changed explosion because different I think it happened that a lot of people went into the field there's many different funding from the government for these different programs and a lot of people a lot of organizations started because of it and also the fact that today you can read a Yiddish magazine and there are articles about this in the open and the interesting thing is that I hear people discussing these concepts and they're talking about it and people read books about these things and they're like wow and I'm sometimes in shock how people have so much knowledge about subjects that I think this changed a lot you touched on a very important thing it's over glorified sometimes and I'm not one of these people that think that therapy is the answer to everything absolutely not and like everything go for therapy, go for medication no, no, bachalnisht what I believe if you have an issue you have to figure out a way to deal with it there are many different ways of dealing with it and therapy is one of the ways one of the traditional ways it's not for every problem it's not for some people don't have severe problems but I always say just start by looking yourself in the mirror that's the whole point of going for help but the problem is that a person that has a mental problem when he looks in the mirror he's not the right judge to judge his condition and his deficiency now I don't want to say deficiency because I don't think that people that have mental issues are deficient people but I mean to say this process of deciding I have to gather myself and I have to deal with the fact and I have to deal with reality even this is likely affected these people are usually less ready to tackle difficult tasks in life obviously so I'm going back to the same question how what was the bridge that connected so many people to yes make the move and not stay like they used to stay in the dark area of themself and be closed and set about the situation condition and with certain bridge that brought them to be seen they don't have enough courage to do it on their own something really revolutionary happened here I'll tell you a story that happened a few weeks ago I want to illustrate a point I think that's going to answer some of the question so I was sitting in a group I lead a group of you know therapists, professionals once a week like a supervision group and we discuss things and we're sitting around talking and you know in the middle the group somebody comes in, somebody comes to the group every week and he walks into the conference room and he doesn't look right he's one of the members yeah one of the members in our group walks in he looks everybody looked at him like what's going on with this person looks like he's coming for one a whole night being up whatever anyways he's sitting in the group and we're asking him what's going on so he's telling me he had a difficult night like yesterday and I'm not going to say the details because you know to protect the privacy he had to help a family they went through a tremendous crisis and he was there for hours and he was very affected by it and we're sitting around the table all processing it and he was like very open and vulnerable and all of a sudden there's a member in the group who lost his father during Covid and he's processing his information there all of a sudden his trauma has come out this is the one part of the story the next day I sit in my office and I have a client that comes in and the client comes in for a different reason whatever reason is and he had a certain trauma in his own life that he once told me about but he never wanted to talk about it and whenever I try different ways to talk about it so so we talk about it so he brings up a certain news that happened that week that somebody passed away and it tells me so he tells me that we talk about this news and it's so sad and he tells me this is life and he goes further and I was like no let's take a second I want to tell you something that happened yesterday but a person I tell him the whole story, the whole experience I don't know why I told him basically I wanted to show him that everybody stays with their pain if you don't talk about it whatever it's normal to open and discuss it's healthy should this guy listen to me in the sits here and he thinks and all of a sudden he's talking about his own trauma and he started processing opening up and we had a couple of sessions afterwards this guy started opening up now it's not a dramatic story my point is that openness and vulnerability causes others to be open and vulnerable and everybody can see in their own interaction with other people if you're open if you're vulnerable the other person is comfortably vulnerable I think people in their essence know are desperate to talk about their issues and their feelings and whatever it's just the society around us has all these social norms what's normal to talk about what's not normal guardrails and if you see other people talk about it if you hear oh this is normal and it attracts people to be more open and more safe to talk about it a big part of the safety aspect if a person talks about their feelings and about their traumas in shul they're being stigmatized they're not going to talk about it people can feel that vibe if it becomes a normal thing in context it's not normal to talk about your traumas everywhere the opposite it's not only silly it's damaging because sometimes people almost have I don't say the wrong word but almost like an obsession about this they have to talk about they start opening up but I think the whole environment causes people to be more vulnerable and open it's really amazing that it became positive breathing new era new time in our life people become more comfortable to talk about these things there's a lot of help available out there 100% it's whatever causes it to happen the question always comes up people who are healthier once upon a time people try to say oh 20, 30 years ago nobody wants to help the answer is I don't know it doesn't matter the fact is this is the reality and people are desperate people are desperate for help to unload and the proof is in the pudding I challenge people call up any mental health professional unfortunately there's no one available they are waiting lists and people try and I encourage people to go into the field we need talented people to help people and the field is wide open to anyone with a heart and who could go through the process of wanting to learn and just really learn and grow welcome I'm not only welcome the field is desperate you talk to any of these referral agencies it's the known to send to I want to ask you about the progress we established the importance of people developing the comfort level to actually make the move today I need help, I want to be helped I'm ready to be helped I want to encourage our viewers and our listeners that maybe you can share a story of course without names and fingerprints to some people don't yet believe that the outcome can be so meaningful and so amazing so beneficial right I want to hear from you our audience wants to hear from you like we call it, let's talk Tachlis bottom line I was involved in a certain case and the person told me I need an expiration date I need to know how long this how long this case will become to success give me a time 2 months, 3 months, 10 sessions 8 sessions, I don't want to have open check I said it's not about the money so people still have doubts if there's a way to measure from point A to point Z or to somewhere in between maybe you can share a certain story and experience you had with a certain client to actually encourage people that yes there is a the sun the sun is out there we're almost reaching sunrise is almost upon us so what it's not an important question it's not a question it's a whole topic it's whole books written on the subject how even to know if it works but first of all I want to tell you go online you do any google search any company you're always going to find reviews most of the time who leaves reviews negative reviews a company does a lot of good marketing to get all the positive reviews as well but most of the time you find the negative reviews so people always say horror stories that person spent so much money and then they sat in therapy for 10 years you'll hear the horror stories and this is what people talk about and like every field there are professionals that are not doing a good job lawyers and whatever even doctors but the vast majority of people that go for help get help yet now it's complicated why I used to work for a clinic still there a secretary a very sweet lady somebody once called her in the phone and the mum they had like tannas they were arguing with her why is the therapy taking so long it's like a parent the child's therapy is taking so long and I overheard this lady saying mrs. so and so so how old is your son whatever it's 10 years it took you 10 years to create a problem it was a few months to solve the problem so no magic it's like anything in life it has to do with personal growth especially if we're talking about years of trauma or years of suffering from anxiety or whatever it is nothing will work fast and in fact if it works fast likely it's not going to work too good to be true it doesn't work when it comes to personal growth sometimes you see with medication things work fast but when we're talking about real therapy health a person who really wants to work with themself it's a process that's why people sometimes get very stuck on this why is it taking so long but the truth is it takes a lot of practice a lot of consistency to get to where you need to now the question you asked about people always want to know a time frame it's a very important question but the problem that is it's virtually impossible to give a time frame of this why? because there are so many factors components it has to do with not only the client even if the client will tell me exactly the problem of the first session it's never the case you see different layers different things and the causes and the environment right now and you know I just tell you I had recently come on give us something juicy no no I was just telling you an example I gave a lot of juicy stories I was about to finish up the therapy with the client and we're about to do what's called a closure session and the client basically quacks in saying you know my job from the last 10 years I was just fired today so and the whole story and this guy was like almost derailing he went through the process already so he was in a good place but you know that's a factor for example you know the thing is like something like this can you throw in the garbage no no no if they're very traumatized they're just barely finished a very delicate long process and suddenly they get such a bang on the head it's not like of course it's an individual it's an individual basis each story is difficult it's a lifelong process working on yourself is a lifelong process nobody gets healed you barely gonna hear healthy people have to constantly work on themselves and we all mental health not mental illness okay people sometimes we just use in general we all have our mental health we need to take care of ourselves and sometimes we have our days absolutely and by the way I always have a joke with people I could look into your mind you had in the last month you felt very down how do you know I don't know have a crystal ball the day that you fell down you had a little bit of depression you're not depressed it's not a diagnosis don't tell anybody I was anxious today about something for that few hours I had a little bit of anxiety that's not mental illness something like that happens consistently there's a mental system and it's operating operating it needs maintenance it needs food it needs gas and you know if you go a week in a row with very little sleep you will not be the same mentally I'm not saying you have mental illness but you'll be in anger everything everything will take you off just like we take care of our physical health we take care of mental health that's why it's very hard to quantify exactly a person comes in with an issue sometimes people come into therapy to have a certain anxiety that's easy to quantify let's make a goal and we work through that after a while how likely if you still have that anxiety that's very easy to see but we're talking about many instances a lot of events I see more and more now a lot of things are due to childhood trauma or previous traumas something that comes to trauma it shapes you what is really the measure of progress usually what we do is we go from to get you in a place where you're functional sometimes people are very functional physically from the outside but internally they're not functional even internally you're functional you can deal with it but that doesn't mean I still don't have flare ups things will trigger you eventually so so therapy is basically a process you go from dysfunctional to functional some people choose therapy longer than that some people sometimes it takes a few therapists to get to the point you need you go layer after layer sometimes you work with I sometimes work with people for a few weeks trying to figure out a problem once you get clear with the problem we can sort of come up with a plan what I think is the right thing and sometimes I feel there are other people that can do a better job certain traumas whatever it is or sometimes I'll give you an example some people often come to me about marriage so I don't do marriage couples therapy because it's in the field but it's not something I specialize I never put myself into it as fully but I work a lot of time with individuals in the context of marriage issues that affect your marriage so issues like connecting to other people sharing previous traumas not letting them to trust but sometimes it gets to a point where I feel like this is crossing over into working on your marriage our work is now finished let's go to couples therapist things yeah so you want to have a story about practice I can tell you because the reason I'm asking because I was very impressed you said before you had a closure session with someone we are about to have a closure session and let's talk to Achlas also soon and I still have to drive home but I'm very impressed to hear that a person can come to an achievement to a moment and say my dear friend we've been together three months or nine months or a year you and I both feel and believe that I've reached what I had to reach and to give a kiddish and to say wow I'm healed my foot was broken I had a cast for three months I made some physical therapy I can now walk like I did before and the relief must be into the high heavens so you want to hear something I can tell you so many stories but I'll tell you today today out of the oven still in the oven I don't know if it's a juicy story or not but you want to I finished with a client today so I'll tell you two things that happened today so number one there was a boy I'm going to change some details that went through some horrific trauma not to not to go into details and he started developing all these symptoms of going to sleep at night and he didn't want to go to Ishiva acting out at home etc so probably eight months ago he came to me parents came to me and we started working the good news is this child was very open he wanted to work and he wanted to share he cooperated extremely well and it's a beautiful work wasn't always so beautiful meaning there were some weeks I felt he's not working along I had to use a lot of creativity in different methods but in the last few weeks he's doing well he's doing well everything is working and I sat with parents so that doesn't mean this particular child maybe one day he's going to things will come up and we can work it's a process, that's life just give me one example another example I was getting married in a few weeks who came to me five, six years ago and I forgot about him almost like people make an impression someone it was a long time ago and he just wanted to thank me and I asked him what motivated to call me so I don't get this what was the thing so he told me that he heard a speech that I gave and he reminded himself come on what was it so he told me the story was when he came to me he was behaving he was in a very terrible matter and when he left when I finished with him it wasn't so successful at the time because I felt like I was burnt out with him already I got to a certain point with him and I suggested that to the parents you know let's try for a while to see how things will be without any help you know I considered that I went to 50% with him and he told me that after he finished with me that he started missing the days that he used to talk to me and he started realizing they had someone who cared for him and he was able to talk and I can't explain it but somehow this somehow gave me the energy to want to work further myself and he just didn't go for any help afterwards but the fact that this whole time we spent together a year plus I don't know how long it was gave him the strength to want to work himself further so he felt now that it's time to thank you and acknowledge that he arrived at this point he's getting married and he's doing very well so in other words at the time someone asked me was this successful this particular client I was like I don't know could have been better but I just want to bring out the point it's a process and it's not always predictable but it's very encouraging to hear that people can actually find themselves in a much closer and better place in life and I think that if we accomplish this goal tonight for people to evaluate does it usually should it be self driven or do parents or siblings have the right and the authority to guide the relative or the child towards therapy I'm not talking a young child at 12 year old or a young girl I'm talking if someone is 18 19, 24 year old and someone around them believes and thinks and is convinced they need help is it fair for these people to obviously in a nice and responsible and caring loving way is it the right thing to do to somehow slide them towards help or is it something that they can take personal and feel very very hurt from 100% may outdo the benefit of the treatment so this question we sometimes have to sit with families sometimes hours just to answer that question because it's so complicated because of course there's no one size fits all because in one hand you see someone suffering you know I said before success stories but sometimes people suffer and people really have a hard time going for help and sometimes it's not easy especially sometimes with this more severe issues they don't want to go and sometimes it burnt out for help also sometimes people there's image about them and they are perfect image happy and jolly deep inside there's the sufferer and the system is rotten so it's a delicate line because sometimes you when you approach a family member that you know we want you to go for help you know it can really really strain you know put a stain on the relationship and sometimes it's we have to repair exactly I know a whole family they got torn apart because the children sort of wanted as the father sort of forced the father to go for help and of course it didn't work and some kids went for the father it's not simple so my suggestion is always I want to finish it this interesting and deep session with a positive message to the world I know there is not one cookie cutter style to answer all the situations but I want to hear from you a concluding statement to bring out the benefits and hope and the belief that will outweigh some of the of the negative images and pre so I'll tell you this two weeks ago I gave a speech somewhere and I thought I'm giving a speech to a couple hundred people it was like a conference about mental health awareness and but I didn't know at the time that 20,000 people listened and it was put on a lot of different platforms on YouTube whatever and by today I heard close to 40-50,000 people already listened to that speech now where I'm saying that because during that speech I said something and I at the time I didn't know I was saying it to so many people I told all these people that I myself I'm going for years for therapy now people will say oh you go for therapy you're a therapist you have to go for supervision or whatever no I do that also for personal help for myself I go why because I've seen people always say oh you have to go because you hear so many problems no because I've seen one thing that my success in my life in every aspect of my life and I can go back to the day or the time period that it happened is a time when I started working on myself on my personal own inner work I was all of a sudden became not afraid to be vulnerable open let the guards down and that was a time everything switched for me even professionally in my work I was already working in the field for a long time quite a few years and I was doing sort of whatever looking back I was just working maybe helped some people maybe I hope so but I was working and that was a switch because when I started really as I said before look myself in the mirror I'm not saying this because I want to just advertise this and it's not something that it's usually heard by people but I'm saying this to say to people you know there's no magic to anything of this it's very simple we all went through life things and stuff some have more some have less if you went through life certain things or you are going through life right now certain things why suffer in silence why? there are people out there who can listen to you who can talk to you who can help you figure things out it's actually a strength to tell yourself because it's going to help you in your own life your own relationships again I'm not here selling therapy come to me no you're not giving out your number I don't know actually it's hard because I always get a lot of phone calls after I give things like this and it's hard to tell people I don't know what to tell you I don't remember what I can take talk to you we got a good blog now so I was saying that it's just figure out a way to get to someone do some research and it's going to help your life in many ways and the main thing is you got to stop suffering in silence these days that everybody that our family doesn't have problems I'm good I never had anything to do with these issues we all have it over you know we all have issues when I say issues on a mean we're messed up no we're normal healthy people who have issues and it's worthwhile to take care of it beautiful thank you so much for the encouraging ending and for the entire session that's an amazing opportunity for this podcast my pleasure I'm here to to make the world maybe a drop a better place and you definitely helped me do that thank you so much