Good morning NerdFam, and welcome back to Barcelona. We're here at Mobile World Congress for four days of coverage. This is the beginning of day two. My name is Savannah Peterson, you're watching theCUBE. I'm joined by two extraordinary veteran analysts. I feel smarter just sitting between the two of them. On my right, Dave Vellante. On my left, Chris Lewis. Thank you so much for being here with us, Chris. How's the show going for you so far? Absolutely brilliant. I mean, the fact is we don't really have, this is not day two, this is day three, because there's always a day zero now. So full days, full downs. Who's counting? Yeah, exactly. Well, it's just that how do you count is the question. No, it's great to have everyone around, and the different influences that we see around the industry all being here. You can see from the numbers in the corridors and on the stand, it's buzzing, you know? It is buzzing. You can feel the energy. It's certainly helping all of us combat the jet lag. And it's been a blast. You two have known each other for 40 years. We have, I was, wow, we have wisdom. Yeah, you have known each other and been analysts longer than I've been alive. So I feel uniquely poised to learn from you. Well, and Chris has, you know, schooled me on MWC. My first MWC, Chris was the year we did Cloud City. Yeah. With Danielle Royston. So last year, Chris came on with Danielle. Danielle's very outspoken how the cloud is going to kill Telco. I mean, that's the shorthand version. You know, she's probably more articulate than that, but also more controversial. But she saved MWC in 2021. There would have been no MWC that year, Chris. That's right. Yeah, and because some of the big vendors pulled out and she stepped in. And, you know, one of the things that we do always need in the industry is a bit of controversy, a bit of outside pressure. You know, we used to be an industry that was always self-contained. We always developed stuff inside. We never exposed it very much to the outside world until we thought we were ready for it. And what the IT world is teaching us and the cloud world is teaching us and the AI world is teaching us is that you've got to be more open. You've got to open up your treasure chest and let people come and share the treasure and get more involved. So Telco's used to dictate the way that the industry was run and people use the technology. And now it's much more about part of being the broader ecosystem. And I think that's evident from the people you see exhibiting here, the conference topics that you see discussed. And yeah, it's a changing world. So in the daily news today, MWC, it's like the more things change, the more they say the same. But the heavyweight EU operators demand a new deal. Okay, and I'm not sure what that new deal looks like. So I wanted to wonder if you could give us some insights here, but they're basically saying they can't keep funding the CAPEX necessary. And they're saying they have a $200 billion shortfall and then EC's Bretton pushes for a spectrum auction shakeup. If I understand it correctly, this individual's proposing not giving spectrum to the highest bidder, but giving spectrum to those who promise fast rollouts, faster networks, and to do so in a shorter timeframe. What do you make of all this? Well, there's a whole basket of things in there. But the spectrum issue is personally, I think we should have what they call a beauty contest rather than the auction. And the commitment from the operator should be to build out and to connect rural leaders so we have complete coverage for everybody rather than purely commercial rollout. You know, we've seen it in the US, massive rural funding from the government to create an environment where it wouldn't exist. The operators just wouldn't build it. So we have to have government involvement. There's a very national level sovereignty involvement as well. The issue of CAPEX and in the contribution from other players, personally, it's a moot point. You know, there's $1.6 trillion of revenue comes into this industry. So to have CAPEX shortfall, I think is that the doors of many of the telcos in the past, some mistakes, they've made with rolling things out. So we need a reality check with the telcos about what broadband should be, fix and mobile combined. So obviously we need that from our personal, from our business lives. And what margin, what reasonable return on that investment should those telcos be able to make? And part of that, especially in Europe, by the way, comes down to the competition that regulators that people at Cherry Brun's predecessor has actually put in place. So we have too many players. So they're not making enough money. You know, whereas ironically, the model in the U.S. with three massive players in a 350 million market, they make money, they make good arpues. And the Chinese market where the government imposed a structure of an industry and decided where spectrum was going to go and model the market, massive, massive market. So explain that, the European CEOs are calling for the ability to consolidate, right? You're saying they're getting blocked from the net? Well, the consolidation has been blocked in the past. The European Commission blocked famously the Telefonica 02 and 03 in the U.K. and 03 is now trying to merge with Vodafone in the U.K. We've just seen the merger here in Spain between Orange and MassMobile. So there's a glimmer of hope it's starting to free up. But of course, part of the problem of this is pacing. So how quickly can we consolidate the market and give people the power to invest and build CapEx and OpEx? Because we know that the regulators take a long time. How long should an investigation take around consolidation? Give us a couple of months, get it done, you know? Yeah, right. Let's talk about speed for a second. You've been coming to MWC for longer than you can remember as we discussed before. And this is an industry that historically does move a bit slower than some of the other tech spaces. Do you see an acceleration now more recently, perhaps because of AI, because of these collaborations or consolidation? AI gives everyone hope, doesn't it? Does it give everyone hope or does it scare everybody? I'm not sure. So the pace of change has shifted radically for the telcos because we used to have some very separate networks to address different solutions. We've consolidated that, we've collapsed them into a core and obviously the move to fiber and wireless services gives us a cleaner architecture to build around and evolve. Now, can they afford to invest as quickly as they'd like? Can they deploy as quickly as they'd like? There are some physical constraints because we're still digging fiber. We don't have fiber everywhere. The ideal situation is we've got fiber everywhere and we've got cell towers everywhere and we combine that with Wi-Fi and deliver the services they want. So the market structure often slows that down. Competitive environments slow it down and frankly we slow it down as customers because we don't really want to change from service provider to service provider. So there's a lot of things that actually go to make the telco market what it is and we as customers are part of the issue. It has speeded up but the other side of it is that often the invisibility of what the telcos do is a problem because we only really care about the mobile network like last week with AT&T when it doesn't work. So most of the time the things that we're doing we don't even think that we're building it on a 5G or 4G network or on a bit of fiber or a bit of copper or over Wi-Fi. That's the job of the industry to make that stuff work seamlessly. So the management of all of these moving parts all the way from the mobile device that we're using all the way through the edge into the data center we need that as what often now get referred to as observability but we used to call it network management by the way managing all these pieces and AI helps massively in that because AI can cope with the scale that we as humans can't cope with. One of the complaints about for the telco management point of view is you've got so many screens to look at to make sure all the different components are running smoothly. Because AI can analyze that data and feed it to you in a single picture. So we're using AI to scale things up and make it better operational decisions often automated decisions, right? So a lot of it won't even be done by us. So yeah, it's moving very quickly. It's an exciting time. And I think we're both firmly in the hope camp when it comes to AI. Definitely in this course there's a big conversation in the US markets about well is this AI boom like the dot com bust when's it going to blow up, et cetera. Right, right. Well you went back Chris I'd love to get your thoughts on this and did sort of a retrospective because we have wisdom because we lived through those days. And it was interesting the Telecommunications Act of 1996 in the States really opened up competition and then it brought in a flood of investment from a bunch of companies that went out of business. And Ron level three global crossing, right? And they put in half a trillion dollars in CAPEX which in today's terms approaches a trillion. So today you're seeing another big CAPEX infusion for a 5G build out and the hyperscalers now Chris are laying on their trillions. So how do you see this new AI era in comparison to the dot com boom? So of course, what you're missing in that analysis Dave is all the investment in fiber. So the build out of fiber and a load of investment only following fiber, civil works build out in many countries around the world because we need that fiber to compliment the cellular from the 5G investments. Which everybody thought was too much and it turned out to be just perfect or not enough, right? I mean, we're still waiting for the returns on the investment on me. So there are many moving parts. There are many different life cycles, different investment cycles. So the investment only has gone right into that infrastructure. And interestingly in the AI world if you look at NVIDIA's share price the investment has gone into infrastructure again. So we're putting the shovels and tools in place for the gold rush. And who's making the money? The guys are selling the shovels, NVIDIA and the like. So how will it impact the revenue later on? There will be a premium. It will make life simpler. It will reduce cost massively for the telcos in terms of their operational environment. It will improve the product development and product delivery because you can use AI to draw the components together. And the big hope is that it will improve customer service because it will reduce the failure points that we've seen in well acknowledged cases over the last few years. So it has an impact all the way through. Part of the question is what is the life cycle impact of that investment? And who's going to make the money? Is there a big premium at the end of it? One of my concerns is that AI will make the telcos so knowledgeable about their customers and will give the service that we want as individuals or households or businesses that we won't move away anymore. So the churn will go.  It could reduce competition. I hadn't really thought about it like that. It's an interesting thought like that, isn't it? Yeah, that is an interesting thought. It almost breeds a complacency or comfort within a system. But the other bit, which I think is really important, is that because we're building observability throughout the whole of the end to end service, that we tend to think of it inside out. So we look at the, is that router working properly? Is that device working properly? Actually, combining all those things together with an AI engine and interpretation. Actually, you can have something on your phone in the future which will say, yeah, you're secure. Yeah, you got great service. You can do a video conference or you should just be texting. So it should turn it outside in and give us the ability to use the services much better, which will give us more confidence about communication. Well, we didn't have to log in this year to MWC, to the Wi-Fi, it just automatically connected, right? Like magic. Yours might have done. Yeah, I was going to say, you had a unique user experience. Is that safe? Are you on our Wi-Fi or their Wi-Fi? No, it's on their Wi-Fi. Oh, wow. It just happened. Is that safe? I don't know. It's great, but is it safe? Well, you have to trust the provider, don't you? Right. And that's the thing, we've always had a love-hate relationship with our telcos. We love them because they're our national asset.  Right. So actually, this ability to say, yeah, you've got good service. Go ahead, do whatever you need to do. I think it's a really interesting, it's a longer term thing. We're not quite there yet. I want to shift gears a little bit because that was fantastic, but you are wearing some very fashionable, also functioning glasses. You are blind, correct? I am, yeah, yeah. So this is a huge packed event, 95,000 people. How accessible is MWC? Well, luckily, I employ somebody to walk me around all the time now. So five years ago, I'd walk on my own with a white cane. And as Dave has noticed, the crowds just part, they get out of my way. Like Moses, I love walking with it. It's called the Moses stick. That's amazing. But it's got more difficult. My side's got worse side. But actually navigation around is difficult. At least you've got a rigid structure. So you've got a map in your head where things are. The problem is, and the GSMA still don't give very accurate map navigation, which should be great for everybody. And one of the things I'm looking at when we're building inclusive design is that inclusive design obviously benefits me because it allows the stuff to be translated into voice so I can consume it and listen to it. But it gives everyone benefits. So if we, traditionally, we've designed for the so-called center of the market, let's call it a white polo shirt, middle-aged, Anglo-Saxon person. But if you design for the peripheral cases, for the vision impaired, the hearing impaired, the elderly, mobility problems, all these things, actually you get the center for free. And it's a really powerful argument. But we just, we need everybody to have this inclusive design thinking from every aspect to what they develop, whether it's an application, a website, a physical device, or anything. But the good news is the tools are getting easier and easier to use. Accessibility on the smartphone is brilliant these days. I can almost run my business totally off a smartphone. And major is more accessible. I get all the films come now audio described so I can enjoy movies the same way anyone else can. So massive developments, the problem is the sheer numbers here, right? In terms of people aren't always looking where they're going. I can't see, I can't look where I'm going, but they're not looking where they're going, right? They're looking at their phones or they're talking to their colleagues or they're lost as well. So yeah. So yeah, it's that whole curb-cutting theory that everyone benefits when we design with inclusion. I love that. I'm curious, what is your advice to companies who are showing off at an event like MWC? How can they be more inclusive? Well, it's an all-embracing question. If you think of anything that you produce, which is going to touch the market, touch a customer, then it should be accessible. So there are standards for website design, which make it more accessible, avoiding confusing colors and pointless graphics is always a good one. But then in terms of documents, making sure they're all right. Any applications you develop. And by the way, there's a flip side to the accessibility to the customer, which is that it creates a more open environment for a more diverse workforce within your business. So if you have everything accessible, contact center is a great example. You can employ those that I think it's a genesis has a contact center partner in Florida, which is 40% manned by visually impaired people because all of the applications are so accessible. So it creates job opportunities. We have a lot of people on the neurodiversity curve working in the programming and in the coding and AI worlds because they just think differently about these things. They're sitting next to a neurodiverse person. So you're in good company. So my daughter's vegan. So she loves to go to vegan restaurants. Chris, you told me last night about a blind restaurant. That's right. I've never heard of that before. Can you explain that to our audience? So the experience is it's a totally black environment, totally no lights, and you're served by blind people. So the experience is completely about sensing things, obviously by feeling for the food and by eating completely blacked out. And it's just, personally, I don't want it. I'm clinging onto that little bit of sight I've got I don't want to work in that completely darkened world. But it's all about sensors. So it appeals to your senses. The food just tastes different. You're feeling it. The tactical experience is totally different. And I think it makes people appreciate what it's like. And of course, one of the big issues for people like Dave and I, not you, because you're so young, is that as we age, the hearing starts to go, sight starts to go, dexterity starts to go. So we need to build these salute, everything in the future with much more accessible with that usage pattern in mind. Don't design it for all those young people who are much more dexterous and have access to everything now. So make sure when you're designing anything that it's inclusive. And one of the big benefits of thinking that way is that it's partly a reflection on 5G and all the connectivity we have, is that when we need to have social environment supporting people, rather than always going into a specific home, we should be able to do a lot more of that in people's own homes. Wrapped around with robots and with sensors and with all the things that will help you out. What are some of the do's and don'ts for your hosts, right? We get invited to all these shows. We go to Cisco Live and IBM Think and Dell Tech World, obviously MWC. What are some of the do's and don'ts for folks that are inviting people to their events? What they present? Yeah, how can they improve accessibility? What are some of the things that you've experienced were like, well, don't do that, do this.  Well, I think one thing to bear in mind, especially in this sort of very noisy environment, is if you're trying to present to people, make sure that the audio is clear. I know you're video guys, you're media guys, but actually, audio is so important because if people can't see the screen and slideware is often unreadable anyway, if not meaningless, the audio becomes so important. And yet the quality of audio, I was walking past a stand yesterday and I was trying to tune into what they were saying. It was always like, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah. And it's terrible. So really think about, I mean, we used to call it multimedia in the good old days. Think about the way in which you can use different media to get your message across. And obviously, stand design is important. Not too many steps, like the one I tripped up coming up onto the set here, but that's a minor issue. I think just think about the content you're producing, the message you're trying to get across, and thinking about all the ways in which you communicate that to people and make it easy. Absolutely, I love it. We talked to the deaf and hard of hearing group at CNCF as well, and so much to learn always from, we can all be more inclusive. I feel like we're all a little selfish and biased to our own brains and ways of moving around and it makes it for a nicer world. Chris, last question for you. What are you most excited about looking at 2024 in the mobile space? What's got you pumped? Well, I hate to go with the flow, but actually it's AI. And the reason it's AI is that my degree 40 years ago was in computational linguistics. And we were trying to- Oh, you were ahead of the curve. And we were trying to teach computers to translate French and German to English and so on. And actually what AI can do for the user experience with all that power behind it, but not just in the big, not just back in the large language models, but actually out onto the device. I think if we can get AI in a generative AI, especially out into that device, it will make life so much easier. Because I think the, so I was always terrified of going from a push button interface to a glass interface, but actually I can use it because of the way the accessibility work to move away from that multi icon glass interface, perhaps to a voice interface, or perhaps just a simpler touch interface to give you access to all the power behind it is just so exciting. And don't lose sight of the fact that voice is phenomenally still important. As humans, we will still talk to each other a lot and we should encourage that. We should certainly with our kids, we should not let them not talk to each other. So I think simplifying and amplifying the experience that we get through our mobile devices, not being restricted by the screen and actually of course the add-ons of all the peripherals whether in perhaps in 10 years time these glasses will be talking to me and feeding images and interpreting images to me. You know, it's a world of endless possibilities. It's an exciting time to be in our space. Really exciting. Yeah, very exciting time. Chris, thank you so much for being on the show. I see why the hype was very real.  Super articulate, knowledgeable, love having you on, thank you. Thank you guys, thanks for having me. Yeah, absolutely. And Dave, thank you for joining me. Always pleasure to have you on my ride. And thank all of you for tuning in wherever you are in the world today. Here at Mobile World Congress in Barcelona, my name's Savannah Peterson. You're watching theCUBE, the leading source for enterprise tech coverage.


I wanna be in the video. So I'm gonna be in your weigh-in video, mama. See, look how big I am, I'm 24 pounds. Yeah. Yeah. Welcome to my channel and welcome. If you're new here, Palmer says welcome as well. It is a Friday, so it is a weigh-in day. We're gonna talk all about this week's WW workshop. I'll share with you how my week went. We'll set some goals moving into next week and of course I'll be sharing this week's weigh-in.  And if you're new or you haven't yet subscribed, I would love to have you here. Hit the subscribe button and click the bell right next to it so you never miss a single video. Check out the description box down below for nutrition coaching. I do offer personalized to-you macros and calories as well as one-on-one coaching if you wanna chat with me directly. You'll also find my newly released lunch e-book packed with 15 lunch recipes, a WW, all points, plans included, as well as calories and my breakfast e-book. If you missed out on that one, it is still available as well. Links, discounts to all my favorite things and of course my Facebook group. Come on over, join us there or also down in that description box. So we have a week to talk about, a workshop topic to discuss a weigh-in to do, so let's jump in. Hope that you had a fantastic week. I had another stressful construction-induced busy week. If you missed my post that I put out in my Facebook group, I did post an update on our flooring. It looks amazing, but you guys, it has been a huge struggle.  So I'll make sure that I link Wednesday's video down below if you haven't seen it, but we're moving along. We should be done the first part of this next week, so it's taken a little bit longer than we expected, but things are going a lot more smoothly now than they were the last week. They're also working on a part of our house that doesn't impact my kitchen. So this week I was able to make dinner, make good food choices, and not be on the hunt for food out to eat or fast food. I was able to actually cook in my own kitchen, which was a huge win. I also was able to go to Jazzercise three times, three days in a row, and I'm still a little bit sore from my class yesterday. I barely have time in between my classes to recover, but Jazzercise has been just a great stress relief considering everything that's been going on in my construction zone of a house. So overall, I had a really good week. I tracked my food, I stayed in my calories. So yeah, I had a great week. Don't mind the dogs in the background playing, but before we jump into this week's weigh-in, let's chat a little bit about this week's workshop topic, which is disrupt emotional eating habits with a five minute break. Now, I don't know about you, but I'm definitely an emotional eater. I'm a board eater, so this topic was right up my alley. Do you find that when you feel overwhelmed or sad or frustrated that you reach for food, this is called emotional eating. A lot of us do this. Maybe even the majority of us struggle somewhat from some type of emotional eating.  Next time that you feel yourself a little emotional, whether it's positive or negative, and you're wanting to reach into your snack cupboard, there's a few things that you can do before grabbing that snack. Number one is to set a timer for five minutes, and during that five minutes, do whatever you want to do, but do something other than eating that keeps your mind off of that emotional hunger. Once that timer goes off, check in with yourself, how did it go? How were you feeling during that five minutes? Did you notice that maybe you weren't wanting to have a snack any longer when you did something different with your time for that five minutes? Check in with yourself and do a little bit of reflection. Also after that timer goes off, do you still feel the urge to have a snack? If this is the case, think about, is there anything that you can do to take your mind off of that urge?  If the answer to this question is yes, then go do it. Call your friend, take a walk. If the answer is no, then it's totally okay to get a snack. Just do your best to make it a healthy one. Now if you ask yourself when that timer goes off, if you still feel the urge to eat and the answer is no, then carry on with your day.  Take notes of how you felt during that five minutes and how you felt after when you realized that you no longer had that urge to eat. Take notes of that so next time you're feeling emotionally hungry, you have some notes to look back on and some reflection that you can do before reaching into the snack cabinet. Sometimes all we have to do when we're feeling emotionally hungry, not true hunger, where we have hunger pangs or we haven't eaten a meal and we're truly hungry, but when we're feeling any emotion, positive or negative, and it makes us wanna reach for the snack cabinet, that's when we just have to take time to double check in with ourselves, to make sure we're truly hungry or are we feeding that emotion with food? And honestly, that's not going to satisfy that emotion, especially if it's a motion of loneliness or sadness. We need to do something that brings us up, that makes us happy. And unfortunately, this little bit of gratification we get from eating that snack isn't going to fix the emotional issues that we're having. So that's why it's important to set that timer and check in with yourself before you're reaching for a snack and I know I need to take my own advice. I definitely find myself being more of a board eater than an emotional eater. So when I'm watching TV or when I'm editing videos or when I'm doing nothing, which isn't very often, but when I am, I find myself wanting to get a snack then. And I'm not hungry, it's only because I'm bored and that's going to fill that void of boredom.  I really like this topic. I think it's truthfully relevant for most people. Now I know everybody's not an emotional eater or a board eater, but we all struggle with food and some type of food addiction or we wouldn't be on WW or at our goal weight from WW or continuing to lose weight on whatever program we're on whether it's WW or calorie counting, we have an issue with food. So I like this topic and I think it's extremely relevant in some fashion for just about everybody, myself included. So let's go ahead and jump into this week's weigh-in. Like I shared with you guys last week, my goal up until I leave to go to San Diego, which is the 22nd of September, is to see a loss on the scale every week. I don't care what that number is. I don't care if it's point this, point that. I just wanna see the number go down up until my trip to San Diego. So I'm happy to report that when I stepped on the scale today, that exact thing happened. I am down 0.6. So I have lost weight the last two weeks. My two little point this weight losses have added up to over a pound already for the month of September and I couldn't be happier. That's why I always tell you guys point this and point that adds up to a pound. So even though you step on the scale and you lost 0.4, 0.6 or 0.8, remember that if you lose that same amount next week, now you've lost well over a pound. That's how I look at the scale and that's how I look at the number on the scale and how much I'm losing every single week. So I'm thrilled, I'm happy, I'm going to continue doing what I'm doing. I'm so glad to have my kitchen back. I actually can't wait to have my whole house back after this construction is over, which should be any day now. We love our floors, they turned out beautifully, but anytime you have any type of construction in your home, it's hard. So I'm just going to go into this next week feeling happy and looking forward to the week, getting in my Jazzercise workout, tracking my food and hoping to see another point this or point that on the scale next week. So now I want to hear from you guys. Let me know how your week was, did you gain, did you lose? What do you think about this topic? Are you an emotional eater or a board eater? And if you have any tips or tricks to combat that, leave it down in the comments. We could all use some information from all of you. I'm one person and you guys collectively can come up with way better ideas than me. So definitely leave those down in the comments. If you enjoyed this weighing video, don't forget to give it a big thumbs up. And if you're new or you haven't yet subscribed, I'd love to have you hit the subscribe button and click the bell right next to it so you never miss a single video. We do away in day every single Friday. Don't forget to check out the description box for nutrition coaching, the two recipe ebooks, breakfast and lunch, links, discounts to all my favorite things. And don't forget to join us over on Facebook. Happy Friday friends. I'll see you all in tomorrow's grocery haul. Bye.


Hey Virgo, welcome back to my channel. This is Kelly from House of Virgo. Going to do your love reading from the time you're listening to this video, January 24th, all the way through February 24th. If you want to get a personal reading, there's a link in the description box below. Don't forget to smash that like and subscribe button. So, do you see the table, Virgos? All the cards are out. And the reason all the cards are out is because right before this video started, I recorded an entire reading, but I accidentally, dentally recorded it in time-lapse mode. And it had no volume. So I thought, okay, what are we going to do? So I tried to go in and fix it, but you know, I can't fix it. So what we're going to do is, this reading was so good and I just, I'm not letting it escape me. So we're going to do the reading. Okay, but I'm going to go from the ending to the beginning. Okay, so we're going to start from the outcome all the way to the beginning of the reading. Okay, so bear with me. This is new. It's actually something I kind of been wanting to try. We're going to get right to the point, Virgo. It looks like you're getting or possibly engaged. There's a relationship that will be ascending to a higher level of commitment. Now I want to make a little, let me be clear. Let me be very, very clear. When I talk about love relationships, sometimes I am talking about romantic relationships. Other times, I will be talking about your sister or your friend or your parent. Sometimes it's just a relationship with good coworkers. That is up to you to decide, but in the case of love and a romantic relationship, yes, that is here. Okay, I do see this energy showing up here throughout this time period. But I also see that there's a needing to heal some type of family issues or a relationship with someone that may or may not involve children. It may have may involve children or be a lack of children. Okay, now listen, Virgo, I need you to know something, right? I see you here. You're looking for that deep, deep mountain shaking earth rumbling love in your life, right? Because that's what Virgo and the earth signs in general are about. Virgo, you want to be moved by your senses. Okay? And I feel like you're going to have a decision to make. There's definitely going to be some type of an offer being made to you that's going to come in really fast, really quick, where you're going to have to, or you may be forced to weigh it out. Virgo, I kind of feel like for you, it's like an offer comes in very quickly, possibly a proposal or something along those lines. And Virgo, I don't see you rushing to say, yeah, I kind of feel like your energy is like, you know what? You're bringing this to me right now. I'm in the middle of eating my steak. Can I just get back to you? Can I pencil you in with this proposal? Like Virgo, I feel like your energy right now and going through this month is, I don't know if this is something that I want to do. Okay? And it's cup of zeros. I mean, this is love energy. This is good. This is positive. This is good news. But Virgo, you're kind of in this, this is to me, always like the female or the feminine version of the hermit. Okay?  You're in this like mysterious mode here. You're kind of like, I feel like you're being viewed this way at this time. You're not saying anything.  Okay? Because Virgo, I feel like the reason for all of this is because you've had some type of wound in the past. Okay? You've had someone or something has happened in the past where, you know, you felt burned or there might have been like a third party interference, whether that was a person, another person, a place or a thing or people, whatever the situation is. Like you're kind of like a wounded warrior here and you've got somebody coming in here who's like raring to go, like dropping them love drops, love bombs, candies, whatever, giving you smooches and the kisses and all this stuff. And Virgo's like, you know, I got to look at my schedule. I don't know if I can fit you in.  Look at me. I've been doing good. I'm doing consistent. I don't know if I want a relationship to come in and, you know, I don't know because relationships can be difficult to navigate sometimes and they can, you know, when everything like when your boat's floating, somebody else gets in that boat, they have a tendency to rock that boat. So Virgo, you might just, you know, that happens, right? I don't know, Virgo, I don't think you want that boot, that boot. I don't think you want, I think you want the boots to be knocking, but I don't think you want the boat to be rocking. Just saying.  Right? I feel like your energy here. I don't know. This looks like a pretty serious thing. Aries, Taurus, Virgo, Capricorn, Gemini, Pisces, Cancer, Scorpio, Virgo, Libra, Aquarius. There's a lot of energy playing out here at this time going forward, Virgo, but I feel like Virgo's like, I, Virgo, you seem to be waiting for the one who is going to knock you off your feet in more ways than one. Well, that's what you're looking for. You're not, I don't feel like Virgo, you're, you're very unique. Okay. I feel like you're not trying to fall in line with the typical role that everyone is supposed to play. A lot of you have already done that.  And some of you haven't done that yet, and some of you may want that, but you might be rethinking it during this time period because here it comes. The actual thing actually shows up here. And look, I'm not going to, listen, I want to keep it real. Not all of you. This is going to happen. So if, if like you're getting excited, you know, don't get your hopes up until it's time to get your hopes up, Virgo. Okay.  Right. And even then, don't get your hopes up too high because there's no guarantees in anything. Right. So I do feel like, um, yeah, I feel like Virgo, for some of you, this could have a connection to your parents or you could have a friend who's getting back with an ex or it could be an ex for you or somebody new coming in. I don't have any ace cards here. So it's highly unlikely this is somebody new that's just, you're going to meet like on a Thursday afternoon and they're going to propose and you say yes.   But I feel like whoever this person is, you know, you might be in disagreement with someone close to you who's getting back together with someone and there might, they might ask you for your blessing or they might ask you to be a part of they're going to like renew their valves and some, you know, whoever it is during this time period. And I feel like you're kind of like, oh, you're at a crossroads there, you know, because you want to support your friend or your sibling or whoever it is, but there was some bad juju that happened between them and you're kind of like you don't want that person to get hurt. Okay, so I feel like some of that message is going to come up. But overall, Virgo, for yourself, I feel like it's, I don't know if you're going to turn something down and just decide to be friends with someone or now some of you might just say, yeah, we can, you know, you can come over and stay the night, but you have to leave the next day. Some of you might be like that, don't get all self-righteous in the chat. I don't do that. Like, come on, get over it. Some people do. It's not for you to judge and nobody's judging you. But I think it's like really important that you hear the message. You might just take a step back this time and really think it through. Okay, because I see you weighing options here. I see you not wanting to fall into a fantasy or get involved in something or, you know, what if somebody dips? They could be making all these proclamations and they, you know, we're going to do this and we're going to do that.  They're just dreaming. It's a pipe dream. Yeah, Virgo, I feel like you're really, really, really going to just put somebody on hold and you might give some an excuse.  We'll talk about this later. You can't just come back in here and just do this out of the blue. Like, we got to talk about it later. Mostly though, Virgo, I feel like that's more of like a distraction so that you can maintain a sense of cool for yourself because I kind of get a sense of like, you know, if some of you have wanted this with someone and they're doing it, some of you might just kind of go into like shock mode. Like you can't believe this is happening and just kind of push them off. And, you know, not that you want to push them off, but some like it's a trauma response, like fight or flight and stuff going on here. And I feel like your energy is because it comes in so fast. It's just out of the blue with the 801s. It comes in so fast. And it's like, what the, what, what? You want to jump, but yeah, that three is swords. Now, is this person like I, so when I initially pulled this card, okay, it popped out of the, popped out of the deck and it fell sideways. So the message on both upright and reverse is that there's definitely an apology coming in and a healing energy and it's sometimes can represent recovery after some kind of loss or you know, like healing of some sort, but in the upright, it can represent, you know, arguments, heartbreak, divorce, depression, you know, stuff like that. So I kind of feel like, you know, if the swords are still in there for you, this could be a reason why you're like, hold the phone.  And for others, the swords might still be in there and you see how heavy these sword handles are. They're going to just, they're just going to fall away and the healing can begin, but no matter what the scars are there, right? And scars are not open wounds. Scars are closed wounds. Okay. And I feel like if your wounds are closed and you don't want to risk reopening those wounds again, then maybe you need to just say no. Okay. Because for some, the trust is so, what's the word I'm looking for? Just so bad that there's just no way to recoup this unless Jesus came down from the throne and sat next to you and your person and like, you know, did some parables and ate some fish and some bread and just sat and talked for days on end. And then you guys were like, Jesus was here and he's all right with it. So let's do it. Unless that's happening, some of you are like, nope, I would rather risk getting new wounds than reopening those old ones because for some of you, they're really deep, right? Okay. So I kind of feel like, yeah, this, whoever this person is, is coming in with this offer to reconnect or have something with you. Like I said, it could be a long lost father or mother, family member or friends.  Some of you definitely like, because I feel like people are a person or some, someone's coming out of the woodwork. And I feel like you're kind of like on guard, like you got a little Johnny Depp action, Pirates, Caribbean stuff going on here. Like you are 100%.  I can't remember his name and I know you guys are going to post it. Johnny Depps character. I have short term memory loss. Did you know that? It's just been hitting me a lot in the past few years. What the heck? It's going to come to me when I stop thinking about it. It's kind of like flux capacitor. My friend and I were trying to, she was calling in a catalytic converter and I was like, I don't think they make catalytic converters anymore. She, I don't know, somehow she was like, I don't know, what's that thing from back to the future in that car? And we couldn't remember it. And then one day we were driving and she's in the passenger seat and out of nowhere, it's all quiet. She goes flux capacitor. So it's going to be one of those situations. It's on the tip of my tongue. Yeah, I know you guys are, I know you guys know who I'm talking about. So you got that energy going on, right? I feel like, oh, Virgo, I don't know that you're going to be ready for this change. For some of you, this is something that you want. But when push comes to shove, somebody coming in here and actually bringing it to you, the very thing, there's an old saying, be careful what you wish for because you just might get it. Well, you're getting it, Virgo. And like I said, it's not going to be for all of you, but this is going to come in out of the blue, this offer to reconnect with this person. And I feel like as soon as it comes, you're going to freeze or fight back and say no. And it's just maybe because it's so soon. And some of you are just like not ready.  And you might just be like, you know what, I'm really digging this time with myself and I, three's crowd pal. So beat it. You might just kind of be like that, you know, but you might not, you might just say, well, maybe in a few months or something.  This is a card of boundaries. Okay. The only time people are not okay with you putting up boundaries are people who are trying to manipulate or take something from you. People who are healthy will respect your boundaries. People who are secure within themselves will respect your boundaries. Some of you are going to put some dukes up. You are going to put your walls up a little bit. You are going to be hesitant about accepting an offer. And Virgo, I say that if you're not sure about doing that, you 100% should do it because that's going to weed out whether or not somebody's secure and really truly ready. If they're not, they're going to throw a fit. They're going to turn it all around and be like, I came here with my tail between my legs and this is how you treat me. You're no good in it.  You don't have to fight.  Not out of being mean, not out of anything else. I mean, it's coming in real fast here, but you, you need to test if somebody really, truly is healthy and loves you and wants this healing. And there's a history or a pass with this person and there was a lot of damage done.  You've got this tourniquet on your head. Okay. You're still getting migraines from something. So if they're not willing to respect that, and then they, you know, fly off the handle, then it's a no. But, you know, if they come forward, you know, and they're like, okay, I am ready for the change. I see that you're not quite yet, but I'm not going to let you go and I'm not going to give up. But I'm going to be patient and give you the space that you need to come forward to do what you need to do to make the decision. Okay. And you can let me know and I'll be here for you. You know, I'll be here. That, that's supportive energy. That's someone who's respecting you. Okay. Whenever you're ready, whenever you've got the time and you want to sit down and talk or just go have some drinks and work through things, I'm ready for you. I'll be here. I'm not going anywhere because I mean at this time. Point blank, period. So that's your reading in reverse. And then it was forward and then it was reverse a little and then maybe we went to the left and the right, but whatever. It worked out. This is your reading. I'm not going on too much longer now because it's getting late and I have to get this video uploaded. So I will leave that there for you. I'm not going to do any names or charms or anything like that or dates. I feel like this was just a very simple message and the fact that I've now spent over an hour and a half, two hours getting it together, I'm just going to send it. So yeah, don't forget, follow me on Facebook. The link is, I don't know, either corner right up here. It's not the link. It's the address. You can follow me on Facebook. I'm pretty active on there. You can follow me on Instagram. All the social media stuff is all the links are below. And also in February, I will be doing a holiday Valentine's special for personal readings at a discounted price. So definitely keep your eyes on that. The link to book of reading is below and go Eagles. Okay. Love you guys.


Llywodraeth a mynd i am rheiddoedd yn eich bodi arbennigol yn mynd ar dweud â amser yn ysgrif repetinol cyffredinol fyd-ddiwedd chi yn allan oedd ystyried a gweithio arweinio'n allan. Byddwn i, mae'n mynd i mewn bwyntydd ac ein mwyaf o'u rhedeg yn ysgrifataeth. Rwy'r oedd sy'n eich bwyntydd yn ynion arweinio arwinellt ar ditudiaeth. Ond byddwn i fi'n gweithio arbennigol i siaradau a'i benau yn ysgrifataeth burloedd ei ddweud. I fyllais o ddeithas odd yn ymwylo. Ac rwy'n cael o'r ddaeth newydd o ddeithas i adrodd y dyfodol o gyllideb iddydd rydyn ni ysgawr. Apoi, mae'r ddaeth rydyn ni i fod yn ei gweld y pw Sever. Rwy'n credu phobl o'r ddechrau, mae'n gweld o ddaeth sy'n gweld ar gyfer y pandemig. Rwy'n credu am rhoi o'r byw orientation ac mae gallech bod ai e wedi rôl hynny o ddechrau ar y pandemig a reall yn gweld o gynllun o ddeithas i ddweithio ar gyfer y participant a llawer i fyno hwnnaeth gyda piwf, un uchyddo iหมwch o hyd bethbyddane gwelio ar gyfer six mesgr – brian y baitau ac yma'n edrych o'r credu adlenasol. Personal carw. Roedd erioedr i'r cy ignoedd,ill oedd vine i ellanig, ond defnyddio allan â'r arlad o gychwyd breastau a'rgarau ac tu alli'r gynhyrchu gyersonnet privately ar ei receivedeg na beth yon nowe y ticks mewn gwil. was a real achievement for the survey and then more broadly our survey is one of the economic and social research councils key assets in the sense that we get funded by them and we're an asset for the community and so what we the other thing I talked about today was what we do to help people to help researchers use our dataset so I talked about a dataset that we made for people because we noticed that some of our child data isn't used as much as other bits of our survey and so we've sort of been thinking about how do we help people use our data so if we make something where we've pulled everything together or about that particular topic and provide guidance and all of these sorts of things that means that hopefully people will come in and make use of the data so hopefully that will be an outcome from this presentation today. I think one of the things about understanding society is that we've got this dataset where we had all of this information from before we could watch what was happening to people during the pandemic, we're now following them afterwards so we can see what's happening to people the long term impacts of some of these things and because we've got so many different areas in the survey not just health but all of those wider social determinants of health for example all these other things that impact people's health. We've got a broad whole view of the family and what's happened to them in terms of health, in terms of their social environment. I think one of the strengths of a day like today is that you can sort of see what's happening in social surveys for example the birth cohorts, understanding society, ELSA, all of these surveys have got lots and lots of social information in them matched with biological information and health information and really to sort of have a kind of whole view of that kind of path and that's something special about the sorts of surveys that it has, the ones we've been talking about today that it has in the archive I think it's a really important and special thing to be able to do and that the UK is really strong and has really, the UK is just a strength in terms of world class surveys that will be able to do those kinds of research, that kind of research. Yeah I mean that's always the aim isn't it, when you're doing this sort of work, when you're doing this sort of research when you're making use of all of these kind of assets that we have in the UK is to make things better, improve society, improve all of these things that we want to make better I mean it's kind of the aim of all we do. So I think it's really important that people know that these surveys are there, that they're housed in a place that keeps the data safe and can make the data useful and is understanding, is responsive and understanding the needs of the research community and I think that because it uses a sort of social science but thinking in terms of making data available it's important to make data available, I think it's really something that's really valuable to the community data for the community, the research community and having something like the archive there for a place to go to to find all of these different types of data to say we've got all of these social science data sets that have got all of this health content, look at all these health contents that you might not know about it's really important to find venues, find ways of doing that and I think that this is obviously a good way of doing it


Okay, so my name is Matthew Ravel and I am someone who over the past 18 years has come to accept that I do marketing for a living. And I'm sorry about that, but that's just the way it is. So I work at a company called Hoopie where we do developer relations consultancy. We help companies to work out what it means to work with developers and how to do that in the right way. So I've been doing kind of developer community stuff professionally for about 12 years. There are companies like Canonical, Couchbase, Bashow and now work with a bunch of different companies. So that's who I am and that's how to get in touch with me, but I'll show that later as well. Okay, so in a lot of talks people who don't know quite what they're going to say will start with a dictionary definition of something or a Venn diagram. And so I thought I'd go with a Venn diagram because I want to talk about this whole weird relationship between marketing and community. And I appreciate that at Fozdem in particular that we're very much on the community side of things. And that's okay, that's good. But that doesn't mean that we have to throw away the good things from marketing. I've kind of come to think that really working with developer communities, whether you're doing it with for a company or for a free software project and whether it's with people who are paid to use your software or whether it's with people who want to submit patches or pull requests to your project, overall there are a bunch of things that we can learn. And it's kind of this weird mix of disciplines. So it's a bit business, it's a bit tech and it's kind of a bit of art as well. There's writing you need to. Sometimes it helps to be good at video editing. But also it's as well as being technically astute and able to maybe even if you can't write code, at least talk about technical issues in an in-depth and empathetic way, then it helps if you understand something about strategy, something about why what you're doing is important either to the business or organization that you're involved with. It doesn't have to be a business in terms of a company that's making profit, it could be the Apache Software Foundation. So running developer communities is kind of a plate spinning job that involves all of these different things, mostly I think marketing and technical astuteness. And even though particularly going back to my early days in the free software world, marketing was a bad word as Leslie hinted at. And it was something that you wanted to avoid. The marketing team were the people who sold unrealistic dreams to people. Whereas we in the free software community were looking for reality. We were looking to deal in practical benefits in changing the world through code. And yeah, okay, some of that dichotomy still exists. But there's this really good phrase which I'm sure you've all heard. And if you haven't, that might be because it's more UK centric than I realize, but it's don't let the devil have all the best tunes. Even if there's something out there that is associated with marketing and you feel uncomfortable about marketing, it's okay. We can borrow those good things because, I mean, there are ideas that don't fit into this, but a lot of ideas are kind of neutral in terms of they can be applied to good things or they can be applied to bad things. So let's learn from marketing. Let's apply the good things from marketing to what we do as people working in free software communities, maybe API and user communities, whatever it is. But develop communities generally. So you might be thinking, what can we learn? There are, I think, obviously a lot of things we can borrow from marketing, but I think there are four main ones that are interesting to talk about. One is about understanding where we are. And I'm gonna go into this, but a lot of the time we just kind of jump into doing things because they look like things that we've seen other people do. And obviously that has a name, Cargo Colting, and we see a lot in software projects and we're no less guilty of it in working with developer communities or free software communities. So it's important to understand where we are because that gives us a starting point for knowing what to do next. And then knowing who you're best to work with, particularly when you're doing this in your spare time, working with communities is a time limited and resource limited thing to do. And so it's best to think carefully about where you can have the most impact. And in doing that, you are able then to make the best use of your resources. Creating a strategy, once you know where you are and who you want to work with, how are you gonna make this a worthwhile enterprise? How are you gonna reach those people? How are you gonna get from the place where you are now to the place where you want to be? And then something that is hard, measuring and reporting. How do you let the organization, whether it's your free software compatriots or it's your employer, how do you let those people know what you're doing, whether it's working and how you're honest about the things that haven't worked so well? Now, we haven't got all day, we've got 20 minutes remaining or so. So I'm gonna knock off those two and we're only gonna talk about the first two, which I think are a really good starting point. And the aim here is not to give you a playbook for how to go and do this, it's to give you some ideas for how you might want to get started with some of the borrowing from marketing stuff. So before I go any further, just get an idea of who's got what experience. Who here works professionally? Who is paid to do some kind of developer community work? Okay, and who does this because they love it and it's part of their free source and open software contribution to the world? Okay, cool. So of the people who raise their hands, we're roughly 50-50. And I think that the things I'm gonna go through here apply equally to both. The interpretation and the way that you use them are gonna be slightly different, but they're still useful. So number one, knowing where you are. Now I'm not really one for Googling fancy quotes off the internet, but this one is quite useful from Sun Tzu and The Art of War. Victorious warriors win first, and I don't wanna look at everything as a war. But the idea is that if you plan well, then you've already done half the job, if not all of the job that you're setting out to do. You wouldn't start a journey without knowing where you are, unless you're in very unfortunate circumstances. So you generally think, I wanna get to Amsterdam. I know I'm in Brussels. Well, that being in Brussels defines 90% of how I'm gonna get to Amsterdam. And in marketing, people talk about situational awareness. They sit down and they plan not what they're going to do, but how to understand where they are and what's already happened. And they generally use a very light framework for this called the five C's. The five C's are your company, your competitors, your customers, your collaborators, and then the general climate within which you're operating. I didn't mean to make that look like a target, but it does, so I see. But the thing is, community is not marketing, and don't let anyone tell you it is. Community is something of its own, and so we have to approach this in its own way. And I mean, okay, I changed the colors a bit, so it looks a bit different. But really, actually, the key thing is that I don't think that at this stage, in a community setting, we should be thinking about customers. I think really, more than anything, we should be thinking about product. And this is perhaps one of the differences between marketers and developer relations or community people. Is that in marketing, like I said, you're selling a feeling, you're selling a dream. You're trying to paint a picture of what life would be like if only you bought this thing. Whereas in developed communities, in developer relations, what we're looking at is being honest brokers of saying this product or this software project that we're interested in can do these things well and these things not so well. And so that's kind of a good starting point. We can worry about customers and things like that later. So why haven't I included community? Because that's got to see, why not there? Well, community kind of falls under the climate within which you're operating. And because it's the overarching thing that we're interested in, I haven't called it out as a particular point there, but don't worry, we will cover it. So thinking about product, when I say product, I might mean just that Git repo that you and your friends are working on. Let's make product and project interchangeable for now. I know that they're not, but just for the purposes of this talk. So thinking about product, the first question you want to ask is, how does it change the world? Now, if anyone's getting a slight, sticky feeling of, my God, Silicon Valley, don't worry. I'm not trying to say that we should be saying that we're setting out to change the world through APIs that make it easier to do HR or something like that. What I'm saying is what would not happen in the world if your project didn't exist? It might just be that it's scratching your own itch. Or it might be that you are looking to reach vast numbers of people and do something big in the world. But either way, you've got to be aware of what it is in the world that you're trying to set out and do with that project or product. Next, what are the positives? What does it do well? Or what do you hope it will do well once you've reached a version of 1.0? What are the negatives? It's really important to be, like I say, an honest broker. You've got to be upfront about what it doesn't do well. Because if you go in and do the marketing thing of trying to sweep that under the carpet, developers will not trust you. The community will not trust you. You're asking people to invest time and faith in what you're saying to them. So be honest. And then the legacy of your project or your product. And we'll talk about this a little more. What has happened before that will impact how people view what you're saying to them now? Next up, you need to be aware of the competition. And so I appreciate that in a free software context, the word competition may not seem appropriate. But let's talk about not them as commercial competitors. But these are people or projects that are competing for space in people's lives, space in people's minds. So if your goal is to recruit contributors to your project, what else could they be doing other than contributing to your project? So let's think of competition in fairly broad terms. So again, we're going to ask those same questions about all the projects or products you think are for whatever value of that term competing with your project. But interestingly as well, I think you should look at the market. And again, I'm using commercial term, but we might mean community there rather than market. But each project that's doing the same sort of thing as yours will have a place in people's minds and play a certain role. So if we're looking at more traditionally commercial stuff, there would be a market leader. If you think of no SQL databases and you probably think of MongoDB, there'll be a market challenger. This is the company or the project that could topple the leader and he's doing lots of great things and getting lots of mind space from people. Is mind space a word? No, it's not. What I'm thinking, people are thinking, mind share, that's it. Thank you. Then there's a niche player. So you could have said that in the world of Linux-based or GNU Linux operating systems, there may be core OS was a niche player. So that gives them certain different characteristics and different ways you should think about them. And then there's often that company that is a shooting star. They've got way too much VC money or they're an organization in the free software world that gets lots and lots of visibility and maybe they're burning through good will or rather than good money or bad money. But either way, they're burning through resources and they're getting lots and lots of attention. You know it's not sustainable. They'll probably be gone in a year, but there are problems for you right now because people are thinking about them instead of you because they're buying up all the mind share. Then your company, so in free software terms this could be your company or organization, however loosely termed that might be. You need to start off by thinking about what is it that your company or organization is setting out to achieve in the world. Because if your goals aren't aligned with that, then you're wasting your time and you're creating a lot of friction. And so if it's within a broader free software foundation, then and your goals are not aligned with that foundation's goals, you should consider where in the world you should be. You know maybe you should be somewhere else. If it's within a company, then you've probably got to realign what you're doing rather than expecting them to do so unless you have a great deal of influence. What about culture? What is the culture of your organization? Is it very slow moving? Will it be hard to get things done? Is it seen as very conservative? Or is it very quick to get things done? Or is it one that welcomes everyone?  Speaking of which, there are two people there who had very different approaches to what they did. But ultimately they both became seen as the figureheads of their company and they both had a huge influence on it. So if you have a person like that at the top of your company, then beware that that's going to, or your organization, beware that's going to really influence how the world sees you and what you can do within the world. The legacy is more than just people. If at some point your open source project kind of named itself similarly to another database project or something like that, sorry I didn't say database meant, sorry I'm thinking about couch DB and couch base. You know, it happened, right? And it annoyed a lot of people and as someone who used to work at couch base I dealt with that all the time. So you need to think about the ways that your organization, your project, your whatever has upset or delighted people in the past because again that will affect where you can go from where you are. And then the broader climate, even in free software world, you know, we need to think about things like, is the economy tanking? Has a very big company just decided that all of a sudden they love free software? Has another very big company just acquired one of our competitors and oh my God, they're going to put all that money into it and what do we do now? Or are there things like, you know, the flavor of the month, you know, is Bitcoin the thing right now? Is, you know, before it was containers, before that it was no sequel? I mean, there's always something, right? So you've got to think about the broader climate within which you're operating because that will affect how people see you, it'll affect your opportunities and it'll affect the way that you can reach broader communities. Collaborators, especially important for open source software, right? So your project sits there in isolation. Hooray, no it doesn't. You have upstreams who feed into you and then you have downstreams that you feed into. So if you have bad relationships with your upstream because you're not committing your changes back upstream, well that's bad for you ultimately, it's bad for the community and it's bad for your relationships with people that you might want to get to contribute to your project. If you have bad or good relationships with your downstream, then ultimately it affects how you distribute your project. You know, you might not be writing code because you care about anyone else using it, that's fine. But if you do want people to care about it, you have to think about distribution. Okay, point number two, this feeds on from climate. This is something that marketing people talk about all the time, targeting. And I think I have very little time so I'm going to think very quick. Five minutes, okay. So this is something I like to trot out all the time. There is one developer community in China called the CSDN and it has 48 million registered users. You might see stats saying that there are 18 million software developers in the world. No, not at all. So with that bearing that in mind, it is not possible to target all developers, all right? Whether you're saying you want to get people contributing to you or you are saying that you want to go out there and sell your software to people, you have to think about what specific people you're trying to reach. So let's think about motivators. What things motivate people towards your project or your products and what things drive them away? So let's have a look at how to understand the motivators related to your project. First one is around the technology. I'll go into this in more detail in a moment. Then the individual person themselves, the developer or the contributor, the company or organization at which that person works or is involved in, and then the broader market community things that are going on. So the technology, it might be that you have something that's only suitable for Java developers. You know, maybe you have an MVC framework for Java, in which case obviously you're only going to target Java developers. It might be that your project has absolutely no documentation whatsoever. So the only way to learn how to use it is to read the code. And so then the sort of developer you need to reach out to is going to be someone who's super motivated and very experienced. The company or organization that they work at, if you're, this is more for if you're selling your software, but maybe your software has a really, really high license fee, in which case you need to probably sell it to big companies who can afford it. And then what's going on in the broader market or community feeds back into what we were saying earlier about the economy tanking or Bitcoin being fashionable right now. So once you understand the motivators that will get people to be interested in or not interested in your software or your project, then you can start to segment people. You can start to take the broad world of software community and think about groups of people that might be interesting to you. So how do we do that? Well, let's imagine you've gone through this process and maybe you have some APIs, some, yeah, an API tool that makes it easy to create secure web chats. So your first thing is you want people who are looking to do secure web chats, okay? That's a very, very simple way of looking at it. But then you realize that actually a really good market for this is developers who are working for banks. And in particular, your Python SDK is really good. So you're gonna target people who are Python developers. And then you realize, well, actually, all of our team are based in Europe, so we'll go for EU developers. But then you think, well, actually, that's a bit too broad. So we'll go where we actually have people. So we'll go for France, the Netherlands and Belgium or Belgium and Netherlands. And this is in a commercial context, but in a free software open source context. You can do a similar thing of thinking, well, if we wanna gain contributors to what we're doing, we wanna get people to either do drive-by patches or really become involved in our project. What are the sorts of people we need to reach out to? How can we make this appealing to them? So once you've done that segmentation work, you can then go and choose your targets. You ask that by saying, is this segment relevant to our community? Are these people who program in the language that we're working with or whatever?  Can you reach them? Are they people who hang out in the places you hang out and you have the resources to reach? And even if you do all this work with them, will they make a large enough contribution to your community to make that effort worthwhile? Similarly, in a commercial context, then the things change more or less and it becomes more about money, but it's more or less the same thing.  You know, say, we're here right now, in order to get there, we will need to do these things. Sounds very basic, but like I said, we don't have time to go into it right now. And then you need to do a whole bunch of measuring and reporting. So basically, there are things that you'll keep to yourself, like they're more activity-based, and then there are metrics that you will report back to your organization, to your bosses, whoever it might be. Ultimately, what I'm saying is, borrow from marketing wherever it aligns with community. If you can do that, you can do it with a clean conscience. You know, you're not turning into marketers, not that all marketers are bad, but you are borrowing what works from marketing and making it appropriate to software developer communities. Before I end, I would like to invite you to come to DevRelCon if you'd like to submit a talk. I will say more about that on my Twitter feed. But yeah, if you wanna get in touch, then hello, hoopy.io. And if I've got time for questions, I'll take some now. First of all, Matthew, thank you for your talk.


So my name is Alex. I'm a youtuber in gaming and when I'm not making videos I'm usually writing javascript learning about new libraries trying different experiments or volunteering to promote the open web such as giving talks like this one or helping create the Mozilla hive base here in Barcelona and In the future I want to be a social entrepreneur and this is a very elegant and fancy way of saying that I just want to build stuff that helps people simple as that and One of those small projects that I've been working on is actually the thing that led me to have the information That led me to make this presentation So to make the story very short What I noticed is that in many countries in places like South America Governments were spending millions of dollars on building computer labs for remote areas now There was something very interesting going on going on underneath all this So many people in remote areas already have internet access through mobile But their entire view of how the internet is and works is through mobile So the objective of this computer labs and schools and such will be to enable them to work using a keyboard The mouse do simple work that is very hard to do through mobile simple stuff, you know writer reports passing grades writing a lot of emails and Often what I noticed is that they will do everything through a browser Obviously, they will write through Google Docs. They will just use web tools But okay, so they will have this big tower computers running Windows XP And they will only use the browser and they were spending money on this So that made me question It's there an easier way to run something that is only a browser and extremely cheap I can do it very well. So let's think about that for a second and Obviously, the first thing that came to mind is let's use over-the-counter hardware such as a Raspberry Pi or bird yet this that you can see on the picture Maybe you saw this and kick started a few months ago This is called a chip it made a lot of headlines because it's the world's first $9 computer is running one gigahertz single core SOC that is the same SOC present in a lot of cheap Chinese smartphones and tablets and I proudly backed it. In fact, they are cheap in the developer units like next week It's anyone here based in Barcelona because if you are you can send me an email and we can hack around this thing I'm pretty much we can we can set it up Okay, so we can use something like that for hardware, but what about software? Okay, so what we needed was a very thin Client that could run a modern web browser on top of it and something that could be very customizable Thankfully through my volunteering in Mozilla. I already knew of such a thing some of you may have heard of Firefox OS now Firefox OS is better described through its engineering name, which is booth to Gecko Gecko should sound very familiar It's a web runtime that runs all versions of Firefox and what Firefox OS is is a mobile operating system for you funds such as this one that boots to Gecko as quickly as possible and There was an interesting thing going on with this operating system So if you grab an Android device a device a low-end device running Android, right? And you then start browsing the web on it and doing normal web activities and doing experiments And you have the exact same device running Firefox OS doing the exact web activities The web will run much better on the Firefox OS side. It's simply a matter of having less layers of abstraction Because of this this strategy of Firefox OS has been to this point and this changed recently while I was making this presentation on making cheap smartphones for developed countries the logic was if Developing countries people are having their first contact of the web through a mobile device Why not make a really cheap mobile device that is extremely good at surfing the web? Because of this reason if you have never heard of Firefox OS you are completely justified as You know as consumers we were not really the target onto the switching strategy If you have a decent iPhone or a decent Android device in your pocket as consumers You were not really the target the target But as developers of better yet as web developers there is something much more interesting going on here Why the entire upper layers of Firefox OS everything the user sees and touches and interacts with all the apps Window manager a lot of stuff are written completely using web technologies Everything is HTML CSS and JavaScript is right in the center of it So that means that using the exact same tools used for web development This operating system could be modified heavily for almost a great variety of many interesting cases Obviously As I mentioned before my idea for web box was something to use a keyboard and mouse And we're talking about the mobile operating system But using the same tools it can be adapted for so but the best example I know of this Is this thing if you were lucky enough to be a mobile world congress in Barcelona this year Maybe you saw a guy a very elegant gentleman with a scarf walking around Showing this to a lot of people and made a lot of headlines. This is called the run civil by a very small startup called Mono So what the run civil is is advice inspired by a pocket watch That has an interest in philosophy behind of it basically as the CEO told me they had This idea of making a device that was just not another smart device filling your life with stressful notifications In fault they call it a post smartphone device. You should Google this up. It's really interesting. So They wanted to convey information Through the sign and not simply through a notification system Because of that unique Bishop and the fact that round screens are still not that super common and they're a super small start up They needed something they could customize with the tools you already had at hand and they chose Firefox OS for this Every single video screen that you see of the device that is Firefox OS That's HTML CSS and JavaScript. They customize it for their own design ideas pretty easily the entire stack is open source and Of course Mozilla themselves know this. This is why Firefox OS lately has been work to adapt to something like smart TVs There's already Panasonic smart TVs out there with Firefox OS running on them And even there's concepts such as a device That is a feature phone an extremely cheap feature phone with no touch screen completely designed to be able to serve a web easily using a trackpad and That for me is fascinating But if we are going to if you want to hack or understand Firefox OS as a developer We need to start understanding how it works and to start that the best way is With the three layers is met on off We're going to focus here on one a specific layer, but I think it's important to understand what each one does Started by this guy gunk the best way to explain gunk is like a miniature Linux distribution Using the same kernel on a lot of the low-level components from the Android open source project So if you are porting Firefox OS device usually gunk is the most important part If the target devices are running running Android have the work is already done for you on top of it It's get cool. They should be a name that is extremely familiar It's the web runtime that runs all versions of Firefox and Thunderbird And in top of it is my favorite one is Gaia Gaia is everything else It's the window management is a great deal of the power management power management all the apps all the screens Everything the user ever interacts or touches and every single component of it. It's web All of it you could almost say like JavaScript, which to someone who is His best language is JavaScript is really exciting JavaScript is really almost like the native language on Firefox OS And to start working with it You probably already have the tools to do this if you have Firefox installing your computer right now You already have the tools to start working with this if you look into Firefox in the dev tools There's something called web ID and in web ID you can run a Firefox OS Simulator where you can see Gaia an action and not only see Gaia an action But inspect every single aspect of it using the same developer tools Used for web development in Firefox Now the next question that I usually get when I talk to my friends about this is okay But how do you use JavaScript to access low-level TCP ports or raw Bluetooth or send an SMS or such? Well, this is handled by web API's and like good API's There are simply the bridge between the high-level JavaScript and anything that is underneath and There is one for everything I highly recommend you check the entire list right there in that link or just Google web API's is the first result and Here are some really simple examples because some of them are really extensive This first is the API used to send a text message as you can see extremely simple Then it's the web API to place a phone call. This is how it's done inside Firefox OS I'm finally an example of the one used to store a file and The best part one of the best parts of me of this web API structure is That if you have been doing web development on mobile on the last few years You probably already know this because there has been a lot of work on Standardizing as many web API's as possible if you look at the status bar in Firefox OS This is how it gets about your level. This is the exact same of API it uses This is the API every app and every component uses to vibrate make the phone vibrate or get location And as you can see they are widely supported in a lot of older mobile and even desktop browsers Also, I'm really lucky because you probably already believe me if you were here yesterday You probably saw the amazing demonstration on the internet for browser stock We're connected. I was connected to another smartphones vibrated and changing color and took touch and took like battery data Standardized web API support baby. They're already out there that are ready out there And they're already easy to use and these are the basic building blocks that make it possible to build almost an entire operating system a mobile operating system using JavaScript Those are the building blocks, but how does it all come together if we're going to visualize Firefox OS as a gigantic HTML document that HTML document as a system app is the first thing that Gecko launches as soon as it ready and as any good HTML document with a main JS file it has a load event as you can see there and As soon as it's done loading all the JavaScript and CSS that it needs for the operating system It defines functions and just goes on for example the fit the first function that's defined there is called FDU That stands for first time use is the screen that you see right there You know the screen where you configure first time you turn on your phone You configure your name your language all the normal Initialization data and after that is done an event is triggered and with that event a lock is created That's part of the system settings web API, but it's used to save those settings inside the phone Right after that and a special event is created and when that event is triggered the system app Notifies Gecko that is ready to receive messages from other services such as radio or Wi-Fi and Of course since the system app is the main HTML in top of the entire operating system Things like the status bar are right there as you can see that the status bar is just a dev It's run by two JavaScript files and everything is extremely well commented on documented So for example a good experiment that you can try right now if you have a simulator you can get inside Firefox OS You can inspect the notification bar You can see which CSS attributes has been loaded and you can start playing around with it put it in the bottom Put it on the left putting on the right or start changing the behavior and Trigger a notification when it slide it down Now another interesting thing inside Firefox OS is how they implemented a window match now the best way I have seen to explain this Window match more is through the history of how it came to be and that goes through the browser app You will get this order in a second So it's an interesting question. You know you have an entire operating system But it's basically a browser so but you do need a browser app that the user clicks and opens a window And you can serve the web so the first attempt and doing a browser app was basically what you see there an iFrame with a bar where you could put your URL now I don't know about you, but iframes make me nervous They not all websites will load an iFrames for security reasons. They don't have access to the content window property There's many limitations to iFrames and the guys that will have been this knew that very well That is why they created a special API called the browser API the browser API allows The creation of special eyes for iFrames with the most frame attribute these iFrames have Its own set of variables each one is sandbox and has its own system process So if one crashes the operating system doesn't go entirely down The overlaying JavaScript has access to what is going inside the iFrame is able to get events from it put events Take it forward backward reload all sorts of things even it's able to know how much power it's consuming and if it has crashed So it's extremely easy to see how this could be implemented as a Windows management And that is exactly what happened. In fact, what do you have in Firefox OS? Which is very interesting. It's just a set of special iFrames and each app is running inside one of them Each one is being hidden or shown depending on which app is active all inside the system of the O.M. And With this you can implement a pretty simple app lifecycle every time an app is launched You will append a special iFrame to the D.O.M. You will start the app use the app have the animations etc When the app is closed you remove the iFrame simple as that And of course another advantage of using iFrames in this way is the fact that you can Re-say it we shape them for a lot of third circumstances if you're using an on-screen keyboard Just reduce the size of the iFrame and if the web content side of it. It's well done It's responsive. It uses a grid correctly It should get the content it should get the window size correctly and be able to reform based on it Especially because on an operating system You there are many options on how much size the actual app is going to have you could have the normal bar on top the Keyboard a full-screen app or even when you rotate the phone You simply have to re-shape that iFrame to adapt there is and I have to make this note There is a Specialized a API to know the orientation of the phone if the app which is to use that for any reason But if it's a simple information app simply having a responsive web design already makes this a lot easier And you can re-shape the iFrame in a variety of ways Of course all this talk about how apps are running is that iFrames And they need to talk about how apps are implemented because this is a this has a lot to do with the Security policy in in Firefox OS, which is always a touchy subject. There are three types of apps First, you know normal web apps you have an app running on the server nothing special here The only thing that is stored in the phone is a manifest file that you can see here. It's called Manifest web app if I'm not wrong and These web apps have access to most of this tenderize API's vibrations screen orientation geolocation battery level Basically, it's almost the same as developing a web app that is going to run on Firefox for Android and many times on Chrome mobile and other mobile browsers But then you have something a little bit on top you have privilege apps privilege apps are still web apps But all the resources are stored inside the phone This because there's a security reason for that as I already mentioned Because they have access to a certain level of API's that are a little bit more sensitive They have access. These are just examples. So this is really long, but they can access TCP sockets They can access the device storage. They can access the contacts the browser API or making even non same origin requests because of this the ROM is built in such a way that Privilege apps have to be installed from an signed and authorized web store that is configured inside the ROM and Obviously, this is in order to sort of preserve that idea of security and finally You have a little bit of the more controversial and my personal favorite type of app the internal certified apps This is almost This has access to everything they have access to all the API's even the most sensitive ones You can control everything from the phone into a certified app But the certified app there's like no way to actually publish one It has to be included in the ROM just a developer. You can push a certified app your phone But you cannot just publish it on the store or something But as you can see this is the most important one if you're customizing your Firefox OS for any specific hardware project Must be the day So it's here, but it's not here. Okay Right. So this apps Have access to power management mobile connections bluetooth all sorts of things Now when I was working on this talk a very interesting video came out of a prototype version that is currently being worked about Firefox OS that actually addresses a lot of the concerns that came with the current security model The video is called experimental new version of Firefox OS I highly recommend you look that in YouTube. These are all pictures taken from that video and Basically, I have mentioned several times that the old strategy was about making affordable smartphones in developed countries This has been Changed this actually change while I was working on this presentation The new strategy seems to be more about extreme customization. So for example If you have a dialer app, which is a certified app you can install a new one because it's using certified API's And you want to change that for something the new version of Firefox OS enables to inspect the code of any part of the JavaScript OS Even from the phone There's gonna be like a like a bug silhouette where you can check the code immediately and even start making changes on your phone and Create sort of add-ons where you can inject html CSS or JavaScript on any app to modify it the way you wish in fact They're working on something called a hacker place, which is a more Easy to get stored for add-ons where Customizations of the OS can be used on an app by app basis Obviously the question that came out of this is okay How is that when I work with security especially when you're injecting things like JavaScript and this is a work in progress So it still hasn't been announced, but it is definitely very interesting So if you are have any idea for the hardware project or something like the runs it was something Unique that you as a web developer want to customize to meet your view of what it does I highly recommend you give the Firefox OS code a try the best place to start is You know the entirety the full stack of this operating system is open source But as a web developer the best place to start is the Gaia repository in GitHub You can just search Gaia on GitHub If in inside the repository there's all the instructions for building a debug profile And once you have a debug profile you can link that to your Firefox simulator So you can do changes and run them in Firefox and see exactly what are you doing pretty easily and If you have very specific technical questions one of my favorite part about Mozilla is how they open there for communications This is the official IRC channel for Gaia and if you get there and they hang there all the time You can see even the internal communications between the developing team and you can go and ask them questions And they do answer especially the good ones. So I highly recommend you do that Also, if you have any more as specific questions I will be hanging around or if you just want like a Firefox sticker or something I will be hanging around come get me I will answer all your questions or refer you to what you need We're here for you. Thank you Hey Thanks for the presentation. So my question is related to the web APIs that you mentioned I'm interested to know about the performance of the communication of the web APIs with more low-level Stack How does that compare to native operating systems? Well, obviously it depends on what context we're talking of if we're talking Firefox OS They're highly optimized because that's the entire point of it Obviously, if you compare it to Firefox running on Android, for example, obviously it's going to be less But they are working on trying to implement it. It's still on Firefox OS a little bit Less than native because they're simply more layers of abstraction to go through but they're working on making it as fast as possible And a follow-up question. Do you know anything that exists on the market? Let it be a small computer or even a feature phone that implements this that we can buy Like Firefox OS. Yeah, if you go to eBay, there's a zillion of them. Yeah, the best way to start as a developer One of the hardest parts of Firefox OS because Firefox is much smaller a certainization than most people assume It's actually getting developer phones out So one of the solutions that I hear have heard a lot of developers doing is to buy a Nexus 4 Online and there is I mean one of the target builds of any nightly coming out of Firefox OS It's a Nexus 4 so you can literally buy a use Nexus 4 install there and it's gonna work perfectly It's literally on the first tier Thanks