Is an anthropology major or anthropology degree worth it? That's what we're going to be talking about today and we are just going to jump right into it. Before we figure out whether this degree is going to be worth going $40,000 in debt for and spending four years of your time, we want to know what exactly is anthropology. Anthropology is the study of the biological, social, and cultural development of humans. It's going to incorporate elements of history, geology, religion, economics, politics, and society. Now in my opinion anthropology is extremely interesting and a lot of people agree with me and that's why over 8,000 people in the United States graduate with this degree every year. Now some of the career paths you might go down are becoming an anthropologist, museum curator, researcher. Now there are four main areas that I like to focus on in these videos that I think are very important and since this is a personal finance channel, the first one we're going to go over is earning potential or salary. Now with this degree when it comes to salary, when you graduate you would expect to make around $43,000 a year starting out and $70,000 in mid-career pay. Now you can compare that to a really high paying degree like petroleum engineering or one that's not so high paying and you'll see that it is on the lower side. Now if you end up becoming an anthropologist or an archaeologist, you'll expect to make around $63,000 a year or $30 an hour. The only problem here is most anthropologists and archaeologists have to have at least a master's level degree. That means extra schooling and you'll likely have to take out even more student loan debt. If you became an archivist, curator, or museum worker you would make around $49,000 a year or $23 an hour and if you became a survey researcher you'd make $59,000 a year or $28 an hour and again this is another one where you have to get a master's level degree usually. Now I am going to have some careers pop up on the screen that are somewhat loosely related to this degree and you'll see that they're not actually all that closely related and the reason for that is because there's not a lot of careers that you would commonly go into. This isn't like a nursing degree where you get a nursing degree and you become a nurse or an engineering degree where you get an engineering degree and you can become an engineer or pretty much anything else actually. This is one of those degrees where it's extremely specific if you want to become an anthropologist there's not going to be all that many other options out there that have anything at all to do with anthropology. Now when it comes to how much you would make over a lifetime you can roughly estimate that social science degrees in general make around $2.5 million. This is compared to the average of $2.4 million but keep in mind that a lot of people who graduate with these degrees end up getting a master's or a doctorate so they have to spend more time in education and they have to also take out a lot more in loans. Another thing to keep in mind here is when you look at this data it doesn't actually include the average for the amount of people who are unemployed so there are some degrees where there's a much higher unemployment rate than others and that's not necessarily included in these statistics. So overall when it comes to pay this one is not amazing it is going to get a score of five out of ten. Next we're going to be talking about satisfaction and I like to break this one up into two different areas which is meaning and job satisfaction. So meaning is basically how much you think your job positively impacts the world and people who graduate with this degree show that it's around 46 percent. You can compare that to a really high meaning score and a really low meaning score and you'll see that it's on the lower side. Now if you are able to become an anthropologist or an archaeologist which is pretty tough but if you are able to land a job then the meaning score does jump up a little bit to 51 percent which is still pretty average. However your job satisfaction is around 66 percent which would be above average and from my research that I did on this it did seem that the people who are able to land jobs in that field are very passionate about it and they do enjoy their careers. The keyword there is going to be if. A lot of people are not able to land a job that has anything to do with anthropology or archaeology and so they end up working in something that is completely unrelated. Now another thing I like to look at is how much a major is regretted and when it comes to social science degrees they are the fourth most regretted type of degree and the reason is because they're too general and practical and it's hard to find a job without further studies. Now I always like to say that when it comes to satisfaction it's completely subjective for one person this could be 10 out of 10 they don't care how much money they make from it they don't care if they're not able to get a job and for another person it could be a one out of 10. So this is completely subjective take what I say with a grain of salt especially in this section but overall it does seem like people who are able to land a job seem to be relatively satisfied but like I said before that is a big if. Now I want to assume on these videos that you know my subscribers are awesome you guys are going to do your due diligence follow my advice on these videos and make sure that you are not getting yourself into something where you're going to regret it. You're reaching out to people in these careers you're contacting them you're asking them key questions and you're making sure that you know what you're getting yourself into. So with that being said I am going to put the satisfaction at 8 out of 10 for this one. Next we are going to be talking about demand and this is basically how much demand there's going to be on the job market with hiring managers and business owners for the skills that you learn when you get this degree. So if you became an anthropologist for instance there's 8,000 jobs available and it's growing at 5% which is faster than average but keep in mind you have to get a master's. If you became an archivist curator or museum worker there's 37,500 jobs available and it's growing at 11% which is much faster than average and if you became a survey researcher there's 12,200 jobs available unfortunately it's declining at 4% meaning over the next 10 years there will be 400 less jobs. Now things are really wonky in the world right now but generally speaking social science liberal arts degrees tend to have higher unemployment rates. Now if you look up anthropology degree on a site like monster.com it's actually the one I use to set the lower bar on most of these videos that's because there's not that much demand for people with an anthropology degree you can compare that to a computer science degree and you'll see that there's 141,000 versus 829. Additionally when big companies are surveyed about what kind of college degree majors they're looking for in graduates business and engineering degrees are usually at the top and social science degrees are mid tier at best they're even kind of on the lower side. So for instance about 83% of the companies were looking for business degree grads and only around 20% of them were looking for social science degree graduates and if you think about it it kind of makes sense there's just not that many jobs out there for archaeologists for instance. Being an archaeologist and being able to get paid full time in order to do it especially getting a job where you're doing it is almost like winning the lottery. In many cases you would be better off just getting creative thinking outside of the box maybe starting a YouTube channel about archaeology and then going and visiting different cool sites around the world and then eventually you'd be able to start your own business. So overall when it comes to demand I have to give this one a 4 out of 10. Next we're going to be talking about X factors which is anything that I think is important but didn't make it on the other part of the video. Now remember when I was talking about how much you would make over a lifetime with a social science degree and it was around 2.5 million well it's going to vary greatly depending on what career path you end up going down. So for instance if you become a manager you develop some leadership skills they make around 3.4 million over a lifetime and you could argue that a lot of these social science degrees will teach you intangible soft skills that you can't really quantify they might not be skills that are going to lead you to directly making a lot of money like getting a job however they'll likely help you make money in indirect ways in the future. So for instance the ability to read a lot of information and understand it quickly formulate an argument and then present that argument to somebody else communication skills in general being able to give a speech being able to write an essay these are all things that will likely help you indirectly in the future not only financially but also in other areas of your life. Now when it comes to the value of a skill on the open market aka how much people are willing to pay somebody who has these types of skills unfortunately when it comes to a lot of these degrees it's not that good. So anthropology wasn't even on the zippercruiter skill index but sociology is pretty close and that one scores 35 out of 100 and you can compare that to a software engineering degree at 88 out of 100 or industrial sewing at 8 and you'll see that it is on the lower side. So that doesn't necessarily mean that it's a skill that doesn't have any value by any means but when it comes to how much money you can make in a job how much somebody will pay you to actually use those skills it's not that great that doesn't mean however that you couldn't make a lot of money indirectly by starting your own business or something along those lines a lot of people are interested in anthropology and if you started a really good youtube channel podcast blog etc you could definitely monetize that and be able to make a living now when it comes to the likelihood of automation that's where these types of degrees really shine chances are none of these will ever be able to be automated because it just requires too much human input there's a level of creativity there's a lot of communication involved there's a lot of critical thinking involved and so for instance with an anthropologist or an archaeologist there's only a 0.8 chance that they will be automated now when it comes to difficulty this one is not very hard it ranks around 42 out of the 55 most common degrees when it comes to difficulty when you look at dropout rates and things like that at least according to tab.com and that could be a good thing or a bad thing depending on the way you look at it now another thing I like to talk about is flexibility and unfortunately this is not a very flexible degree it doesn't really pair all that well with other degrees at least when you think about job opportunities and things like that you're also pigeonholing yourself into a few select careers and chances are you're going to end up working in something completely unrelated that has absolutely nothing to do with anthropology now like I said when I was doing research on this one people who are actually able to get jobs whether they become archaeologists or professors etc seem to be pretty happy with their careers however for the most part a lot of people who got a bachelor's in anthropology did not end up happy with it of course they love studying anthropology but that doesn't mean you have to get a degree in it that's going to take four years of your life and will likely cost you around $40,000 so I usually don't quote people in these videos but I ran across one comment that just summed everything up perfectly and so I'm going to go ahead and read it really quickly this was on the subreddit r slash anthropology and it was from umlot so I love anthropology but I deeply regret majoring in it saying you want to be a tenured professor of anthropology is a bit like saying you want to become a famous movie star a lot of people want the job and few of the people that will try will ever succeed in it the us is producing more anthro phd's than ever and they all want the same job as you someone will succeed and there is a small chance that it will be you see article the job market is saturated with phd's when you talk to your professors they might be more optimistic but they really aren't the ones that you need to talk to about it you don't ask a lottery winner if they regret buying 25 000 lottery tickets over their lifetime you ask the millions of people that lost it will take a long time anthropology phd's generally take longer than other phd's due to the nature of the field research just an example boston university's anthro phd's average six to seven years whereas ut averages five years so you get a ba and anthro and decide to stop there go look at jobs that specifically require an anthropology degree seriously here are the nationwide searches and then it shows that there's almost no results on a lot of the job sites so yeah suffice it to say when it comes to x factors this one is going to be four out of 10 so when you take all those scores add them up and then divide by four you're going to get a 5.25 out of 10 now keep in mind this is extremely subjective for one person it could be like a 10 out of 10 for another person it would be a one out of 10 so everybody's different and you need to consider factors for your own specific situation with this degree i would highly recommend considering either double majoring minoring taking extra classes on the side or studying it on your own and just keeping it as a hobby however if you've really looked into it you've done your due diligence you've contacted people who are in the jobs that you want to go for you know eventually those people are going to retire and there will be some jobs that open up so if you're one of the lucky few that are able to become an archaeologist you can become indiana jones or you know you're able to become a professor then that's great but you really want to plan things out if you do want to go for this degree and i highly recommend hedging your bets and maybe getting another degree that's a little more practical double majoring just so that you have something to fall back on you also need to realize that if you're trying to become a professor or an archaeologist something along those lines you're going to need to know that you are in it for the long run getting a masters probably isn't enough you'll likely have to get a phd and even then your chances of getting a job in that specific field are going to be very low i'm just keeping it real here you know how i am on this channel i like to be as honest as possible i don't want to be a dream crusher or a dream killer but i want you guys to be as informed as possible so that you can make the best decisions so with that being said if you want more help doing research on college degrees and you don't want to wait for my videos to come out because i've got like a thousand videos in the backlog right now you can check out my college degree ranker down in the description below in my patreon in my opinion this is the best and most easy to use source of college degree information on the entire internet i've basically compiled all of the best resources and i've ranked a bunch of different college degrees objectively i'll also be updating it really soon and i'll be posting other cool stuff on my patreon so you should definitely check it out now if you haven't done it already go ahead and gently tap the like button hit the subscribe button ring the notification bell comment down below any thoughts comments criticisms etc and uh share the video sharing the video actually helps quite a bit and don't leave check out my other videos right here i made them just for you


I'm going to make a bet, a bet that only gets safer as time passes. And it's that all of you here today know someone who struggled becoming a parent. And that's because today around one out of six people has struggled with infertility. That is huge. And for them, the main medical solution is IVF or in vitro fertilization. And while IVF has helped millions of people becoming parents, it also has left many more millions of people childless. Today, 70% of IVF cycles fail. This is huge. And this means that for patients, they have to go through repeated fail treatments, which is not only very hard to go through emotionally, but is very costly, and very often means that they can give up before having had the chance to become parents. This is highly inefficient for patients, but also for IVF clinics, who for obvious reasons would prefer for their patients to go through an easier journey, but who would also want to increase their success rates to attract more patients and to be more efficient to welcome more patients and scale. Something must change. I'm Alex. I'm the founder and CEO in vitro, a startup that has developed an AI-powered SaaS platform that makes IVF labs more efficient. We want to increase the number of IVF-assisted pregnancies worldwide. We want to make sure that no one is discouraged from trying to become a parent. And why now? Why not 10 years ago, and why not in 10 years? Because the infertility market is at a tipping point. You probably all know that infertility is on the rise. We wait for longer before we have children or lifestyles to impact our health, but it's not even just that anymore. It's also about the new way we're creating families. Think about same-sex couple who want to have children. What is clear is that many more people could be doing IVF, and we believe that if we make it more efficient, the market is going to increase. And what's also interesting is that at the same time, we're seeing a shortage of skilled embryologists. And embryologists are the superheroes of IVF labs who are being asked an increasing amount of effort. And trust me, they need help. And we want to be their sidekick. What we have decided to help them with to start with is with the one key crucial task they have at the heart of the IVF lab, which is helping them evaluate embryos as they develop. The key task for them is to decide which embryos are worth transferring and which one has the highest chance of leading to a pregnancy first so patients don't go through repeated fell treatments. And trust me, this is really hard. For the last five to 10 years, IVF clinics have been buying very expensive microscopes that record these embryos showing how much the value being able to peer into these first days of the development. And I'm actually showing you here an example of a video of an embryo just to show you how complex this task must be. And I'll ask you to just realize that, by the way, this is what the beginning of all of our lives look like. Can you imagine how rich an information this is? Can you imagine being expected to evaluate this while also being on top of many other tasks in the lab? At Invitro, we want to be the second pair of eyes for embryologists. And for that, we have leveraged computer vision algorithms that have been trained on tens of thousands of these videos to help them objectively evaluate embryos. We provide them with a score from 0 to 1. The closer the one, the more likely it is to lead to a pregnancy. And this has been clinically validated by our group in several peer-reviewed research papers. And we now provide them with even more data points so they feel even more confident about this key decision. This was done thanks to a unique and proprietary international and multi-centric database, which not only contains 60,000 videos of these precious medical videos, but also millions of clinical data points, which is what makes this different from our competitors. Because we've understood very early on that while it is important to see how the embryo develops, it is also very important to contextualize this development and personalize this recommendation, as an embryologist would do. Our SaaS platform now has been developed. It has been CMarked. We have paying customers. Customers have uploaded more than 12,000 embryos through our platform. And even more excitingly, we have gone one step closer to our vision of becoming an end-to-end SaaS platform that helps with other workflow inefficiencies. Because trust me, there are others. They have a lot of needs with respect with their embryo management. Our direct clients are IVF clinics who pay for our license, their annual licenses, to save precious time while maintaining high standards of embryology. What our latest studies have shown is that we can actually save them up to 80% of the time they spend evaluating these embryos while gaining confidence in their evaluation. And here, I think it's important to say that we don't want to make them save 100% of the time because we want and expect them to still look at their embryos. We want them to work their magic only with increased superpowers. And in a separate study, we've actually shown that had they listened to our tool, we would have helped them save 20% of the cycles needed to reach a pregnancy. And very interestingly too, we're seeing that this tool helps doctors increase transparency to the journey for patients because we have developed a secure patient portal that allows doctors to choose which information about their embryos they can share, helping patients that are going through this nerve-wracking journey, seeing a little understanding more what's happening in the lab. All of this has been done thanks to this amazing team of VC-backed medtech experts, which I can only thank for being part of this journey, and who have had the honor of witnessing more than 500 in vitro pregnancies with many more to come. Let's shape our reproductive future together. It really all starts here. If you have any questions, contact me if you want to learn more about what is quite literally a life-changing company. Thank you very much.


Next question is from Connor Sherry, what are the best snacks and quick foods to eat for hard gainers trying to pack in extra calories specifically protein? I want to address the snack word because it's been a while in the podcast. I used to tell clients there's no such thing as snacks. There's only complete meals and incomplete meals and it's like one of the most common questions that we get about like and the reason why I used to teach this to clients is because I just think it's a it's a bad habit to get into trying to figure out what's a good snack or a bad snack. It's better to look at every time you eat it is a meal and is it complete or is it incomplete because it's very hard to hit all your macronutrient targets regardless if you're trying to build or you're trying to lose and you're doing it through these snacks all day long.  Not to mention that category of food usually yes what are you going to get in that category so like well let's just eliminate that category and focus on the meals and then you know the spillover of like I didn't get enough protein how am I going to do this maybe that's where an opportunity lies in finding a snack that has more protein.  When your challenge is getting in enough calories and I know some people watching are like I hate those people but this can be a challenge for some people is getting in enough calories to get to their muscle building or weight gain goals I can actually be very difficult.  Now I have some staple bulking foods that I would eat that were just super effective for me packing on size. The most impactful food was literally I would get 80% lean so 20% fat ground beef and I would have that with white rice so I'd mix that with white rice and I would make the white rice with bone broth and that would be a bowl that was 1200 calories 60 grams of protein there was some good carbohydrates in there it was very easy for me to digest it was a very easy bulking meal for me inexpensive ground beef is cheap so is rice so is bone broth and I throw in some vegetables on the side but that was like a for me that was a staple weight gain food and one of the easier ones that I put together and I'm going to push back on the continuing and you're naming a complete meal that's right I'm going to I'm going to keep pushing back on the snack thing of like if you're a hard gainer and you struggle getting calories be careful and weary of filling it up with you know nuts and carbs and snacks in between your meals go get what you need through whole foods and whole meals first and then if you were a client of mine that's a hard gainer I might allow you to enjoy what the dessert at the end of the night looks like if you still need calories we've hit most of our our macro nutrient targets you just need more calories some fillers and then I like then I would prefer to use something like magic spoon would go have a giant bowl of magic spoon at the end of the night where you get 40 grams of protein and you're not overloaded full of sugar and it tastes amazing so you know pile that on to the end of the night if you need more calories but what you don't want to get caught up is oh I have a hard time I'm a hard gainer and then you start to have all these snacks I tried this by the way too I because and this is where I'm speaking from that I'm speaking from being a hard gainer my whole life trying to figure out the hacks to get the calories and a mistake I made was thinking that this was a good hack like oh I'll start to carry I'm sure you did this too I'd carry peanuts in my pockets and I'd have between meals I'm eating this yeah we I'd have a box of wheat things I carry all the time I did all that bullshit you know and you actually what you end up finding out is that you if you even hit your calorie target you fill it up full of crap and you don't hit the things that are most valuable like lean protein and so and that was just to get to your calories right so instead I would always coach my clients and this is myself also get all what I need like through these whole meals and a great choice you know some ground beef and rice is just easily digested you can keep piling it on well do people associate like protein shakes in this category of snack because I know there's a lot of eating a meal and then I did a workout I get a shake yeah and then I eat another meal and then I get a shake and then I go to bed and I get a shake so my my most valuable piece of advice when it comes to a hard gainer and how to use shakes in my experience so this is my own personal experience that I found was I did like to do a shake right after my my workout because what I found was I could pound it really quick and then in the car by the time I got home I was still hungry because I just had this intense workout that shake it already digested it it wasn't very much I got my we got my protein intake and then I'd sit down and eat a whole meal like that I found you can sneak in more calories that way that's yeah that's right here's the second value with protein shakes is at the end of the day when I look at all my calories and I go oh man I missed it by 50 grams of protein or by 500 calories okay here's what I'm gonna do I'm gonna make myself a shake throw some bananas and peanut butter in there blend it up and now I made up for the difference but it definitely those are the two ways I use shakes exactly but the goal by the way is always to get it through whole foods so my I set out every day with the intent to eat meals just like Sal just suggested which I think is great you know or quinoa pasta and sweet potato yams all those are great choices and even if you're fine if you don't like gluten doesn't bother you even regular pasta and potato white potatoes everybody think demonizes yeah but if you like that stuff like eat that with your your meats hit your protein targets if you're still struggling then pile the shake on at the end of the night


This lecture is part of an algebraic geometry course on schemes and will be about morphisms of finite type. The main thing you have to remember to start off with is that these are not the same as finite morphisms. We'll be talking about finite morphisms next lecture and this is a much stronger condition than saying morphisms are of finite type. So it's an analogue of the condition of the condition that if you've got a map of rings, you can say that S is a finitely generated algebra over the ring R. And so you can look at the corresponding map of schemes from the spectrum of S to the spectrum of R and we will see that if S is a finitely generated algebra over R then the spectrum of S, then the map from the spectrum of S to the spectrum of R is a morphism of finite type. Morphisms of finite type are more general than this because you can patch together various schemes. Notice that this is a relative notion. It depends on a morphism, not on a scheme. The reason for this is that if you ask for ring R to be finitely generated as a ring, these are just too restricted. I mean, you can get some examples like an algebraic number field or a finite field but most fields, if you take an infinite field K, this will not be finitely generated over the integers so it's not finitely generated as a ring. So being finitely generated is more useful as a relative term. You want to know whether some ring is finitely generated over another ring, otherwise it's just too restricted. The finitely generated rings are still very important. I mean, algebraic number theory concerns itself mostly with rings like this. So we'll look at varieties over finite fields or rings of integers of algebraic number fields. So you can think of the study of finitely generated rings as basically being algebraic number theory. But if you're doing algebraic geometry, you generally want to work over infinite fields so you can't restrict yourself to finitely generated rings. Anyway, we're going to define three concepts. Amorphisms can be a finite type and a morphism of finite type is defined to be one that is quasi-compact and locally of finite type. So you remember this is rather like what we had for notarian, a scheme was notarian if it was quasi-compact and locally notarian. So we're breaking this up into two conditions here. Well, I've defined quasi-compact schemes but I haven't yet defined quasi-compact morphisms. So what does it mean for morphism to be quasi-compact? We say X to Y is quasi-compact if the inverse image of an open quasi-compact subset of Y is quasi-compact in X. So this is a condition for continuous maps of topological spaces. Very informally, it says the fibres of the map from X to Y are not too big. In fact, there are a whole lot of conditions in algebraic geometry that say in one sense we're another the fibres of a morphism are not too big. So for example, if Y is a point, then the condition of morphism from X to Y is quasi-compact is just the same as the condition that says the space X is quasi-compact in the sense of the previous lecture. So locally of finite type on the other hand means suppose we've got space X and we think of it as mapping to a space Y. So it's got various fibres like this. What it says is that given a point X in here we can find some neighborhood of X and some neighborhood of its image. So this is the point F of X where let's call this morphism F. So for all X in X, we can find an open affine U with X in U and an open affine V with FX in V. And we also want F of U is contained in V. So we can actually map this open set to this open set. And finally, the key condition is that O of U is finitely generated algebra over O of V. So this is the sort of core condition. So it's like the condition that says some ring is a finitely generated algebra over another ring. Only we're sort of doing it for lots and lots of different open sets covering Y. So let's see some pictures of what this looks like. So let's look at a sort of typical example. So let's take Y to be a union of a point on the line and a plane and a copy of A3, A4 and so on. So Y can be pretty huge. It's infinite dimensional. It's got infinitely many pieces. And that doesn't really matter. And let's take X to be the following. It could be a point and a line and a line. And let's take a plane and let's take a plane here and let's take a plane and A3 and let's take A3, A3 and so on. So we're taking X to be a union of lots of points and lines and planes and so on. And we're going to project X to Y like this, sorry. And now this is, this morphism from X to Y is locally of finite type. And the reason is if you pick any point in X, say you pick a point in A3, it's got a neighborhood, say this entire A3 and we can take its image which is say this open subset of Y and the map from there to there is just a map from a three space to a line. And the corresponding map here is certainly map of finitely generation algebras. For instance, this will be a coordinate ring and this will be a polynomial ring in one variable and this will be a polynomial in three variables. So it's certainly finitely generated. So it's locally finite type even though all the fibers are kind of huge and Y is itself quite huge but kind of locally all the fibers, if you pick one fiber then locally it doesn't look too big and that's sort of what locally of finite type means. If you want to see an example of morphism of finite type you could take something like this. So let's take Z to be these things. So we're only taking a finite number of the components of X over each point of Y and then we see Z to Y is a finite type. And the point is it's not just locally a finite type but it's also quasi-compact. If you take any open set in Y, say this one here it's inverse images, the union of a finite number of affine varieties. So it's also quasi-compact. So finite type sort of means all the fibers are not too big in some sense, whereas locally if finite type the fibers can be really huge but are locally reasonably small. Another example, let's just take Y to be the spectrum of a field. So Y is a point, which is an important special case and then we can ask what does finite type and locally of finite type mean? Well, we can have examples that are locally a finite type but not a finite type. Well, one stupid thing we can do is just take X to be a union of a lot of components but we could also take X to be something like the line with an infinite number of origins. So you remember we had a line with two origins where we stuck together two copies of the line where we can perfectly well stick together lots and lots of copies of the line and get a line with infinitely many origins and then X to Y is not locally a finite type. Sorry, it's not a finite type but it is locally of finite type. So each point of X you can find a neighborhood that's just an affine line which maps to Y and that's a finite type but this isn't quasi-compact because the inverse image of a point is this non-quasi-compact space here. Another example, let's take X to be a polynomial ring in infinitely many variables then the map from the spectrum of X to the spectrum of, sorry, X is the spectrum of this space. So the map from the spectrum of X to the spectrum of K is not locally a finite type. See, this is not a finitely generated algebra over K so this is a sort of infinite dimensional affine space and that's not allowed for things that are locally a finite type. So if Y is a point and let's take X to be say some sort of variety over K or strictly speaking I should mean the scheme associated to a variety but that's good enough. Then this is covered by a finite number of things of the form spectrum of RRI where RRI is a finitely generated K algebra. So X is of finite type over the spectrum of K and this is not far from characterizing varieties over K. So in general abstract varieties over K so you remember an abstract variety is something you can get by kind of gluing together affine varieties. So these are the more S correspond to schemes over the spectrum of K. So we have this map from X to the spectrum of K such that first of all the map from X to the spectrum of K is a finite type or maybe locally a finite type. The difference is whether you allow abstract varieties to be obtained by just gluing together a finite number of affine varieties or an infinite number and furthermore we should have X should be reduced. Remember this means no nil potents allowed and we also want X to be irreducible. In other words, it's not the union of various irreducible components. And you remember these two conditions here just say X is integral. So abstract varieties over K are more or less the same as schemes of finite type satisfying these conditions about being reduced and possibly irreducible. You can think of informally that morphisms of finite type are something to do. They're sort of vaguely related to the fibers being finite dimensional. But this correspondence isn't too close. For example, suppose you take the spectrum of K of X to the spectrum of K. So this is a perfectly good morphism of finite type. And now suppose we pick a point here, say we pick a point corresponding to the ideal zero, then you can localize at this point. So we take the spectrum of K X, sorry, that's the ideal X, and we localize it at X and look at this. So this is just the local ring at the point naught in the affine line, but the local ring is not finitely generated. So K X localized at X is not finitely generated as a K algebra. So this map is not a finite type. So maps from local rings to fields are a common example of morphisms that are not a finite type. So this is still finite dimensional. This is a one-dimensional scheme. So the fibers of this map are one-dimensional, but it's not a finite type. So finite type and dimension aren't too closely related. We also have Hilbert's theorem, which says that if S is a finitely generated R algebra, then R being notarian implies S is notarian. And you can translate this into schemes. It says that if you've got a morphism X to Y of finite type, then Y is notarian implies X is notarian. And similarly, Y being locally notarian implies X is locally notarian. I hope I've got these all the right way around. And the proof of this is essentially just Hilbert's theorem with a certain amount of completely routine and easy bookkeeping. You just cover X and Y by affine subsets and then apply Hilbert's theorem to each of these affine subsets. And this result turns out to be a completely routine consequence of Hilbert's theorem. So the hard part of this is the commutative algebra theorem proved by Hilbert. And the extension from that from rings to schemes is just a completely routine piece of bookkeeping. Finally, we should look at properties of morphisms. So we've got several properties like being finite type, et cetera, or locally finite type or being quasi-compact. And we can ask several questions about these properties. Is it preserved under composition? In other words, if you've got X to Y to Z and if F and G have this property, then does the composition G, F have this property? And most properties of morphisms we define turn out to be preserved under composition. And usually it's not too difficult to prove. For instance, quasi-compactness is preserved under composition. If F and G are quasi-compact, it says that an open quasi-compact subset of Z has inverse image that's open and quasi-compact. And the inverse image of that is then open and quasi-compact. So the composition of two quasi-compact morphisms is quasi-compact. Secondly, we can ask, is it local on Y? So what this is saying is that if we cover Y by various open affine subsets and check it on each of these open subsets, is it does the morphism have that property? And this usually reduces to saying that suppose Y is affine covered by affine sets YI. And then we can look at the morphism restricted to each of these YIs. And if all those morphisms have some property, does Y have that property? And the answer is usually. Properties of morphisms we define tend to be local on Y. For instance, morphisms of finite type and morphisms that are locally of finite type are all local on Y. You can just check them for a cover of Y by affine subsets. And it's then true for all affine subsets of Y. Thirdly, we can ask, is it local on fibers? And the answer here is sometimes. So here we're sort of asking, we've got a morphism X to Y. And instead of asking whether the morphism is local on Y, we can ask, is it local on X? So if we look locally at each point, if you look at an open neighborhood of each point of X and the map from this open neighborhood to an open neighborhood of Y has some property, does the whole morphism from X to Y have that property? And here finite type, no, it's not local on X. So for example, if X has an infinite number of components, then locally it might be a finite type, but globally it wouldn't be a finite type. However, morphisms that are locally of finite type are indeed local from the point of view of fibers of X. And generally you say, you put the term locally into a property of morphisms if it's local on fibers, on fibers. So it's easy to get confused about what locally means. It can either mean locally on Y or locally on fibers. And when you say a morphism is locally with some property, you usually mean it's locally on fibers because it's usually automatically true that it's local on Y. Okay, next lecture we're going to talk about finite morphisms which shouldn't be confused with morphisms of finite type.


Item Number – SCP-111 Object Class – Safe Special Containment Procedures All specimens of SCP-111 in captivity are housed at Site-19 in a 5 meter by 5 meter by 5 meter plexiglass enclosure, containing a temperate forest habitat transplanted from its natural surroundings. Habitat temperature will be maintained at 30 degrees Celsius. Feeding is to take place weekly by personnel placing 3 kilograms of iceberg lettuce into the containment chamber. Water is to be supplied by an automatic misting system which regulates humidity levels at 50%, both for water required by SCP-111 and to prevent fires. In event of SCP-111 specimens breeding, personnel are allowed to collect all eggs and transport them to the biological studies wing for freezing. Description SCP-111 is an apparently artificial species of invertebrate vaguely resembling snails. Adult specimens of SCP-111 are approximately 20 cm in length, 12 cm in width and 15 cm in height, although exact size differs slightly between specimens. SCP-111 specimens differ from ordinary snails in that they have a warm-blooded metabolism, complex eyes, small horns consisting of cartilage-ridged tentacles, apparently increased intelligence in a complex vertebrate type jaw structure. As well, specimens lay eggs possessing hardened shells. Most abnormally, SCP-111 specimens possess small hollow sacs below their lower jaws containing methane from digestive byproducts.  Said fire-breathing generally occurs in event of stress or anger, although is not apparently used deliberately for destruction, but rather as a warning. This is presumably due to the limited size of methane sacs, which limits SCP-111 specimens in the amount of fire they can exhale at a time, and requiring both time and starch-rich food to refuel. SCP-111's behavior is inconsistent with that of ordinary snail species, including whistling and hooting vocalizations, easily audible to humans, high intellect seen in such tests as data expunged, and parents caring for their young. Hatchlings have been observed imprinting on their parents, other members of their own species, or researchers. This is presumed to be a deliberate trait based on Document 111A, as it means that hatchlings imprint upon owners. History On a package containing 12 SCP-111 eggs, and Document 111A was mailed to data expunged, a Foundation Front organization. Mobile Task Force Alpha-4 have proven unable to locate the sender of said package. Document 111A New from Dr. Wondertainment. Dragon Snails, the perfect pets for the fantasy-loving child. Care and hatching instructions. One, having read this document, take the eggs out of the box. Be careful, dragon snail eggs are fragile. Two, put the eggs in a warm, safe place, and wait seven to ten days. Three, hold your newly hatched dragon snails so they get a good look at you and think you're their mommy. Four, enjoy your new pet dragon snails. To feed your dragon snails, give your new little friends some raw veggies. Lettuce, Brussels sprouts, beans, any sort of salad stuff you don't want. Remember to give them water, a small glass each, once a day. For your enjoyment, dragon snails come in six types. Breed them for unique pets. Types. One, slimy bellies.  Two, ooze drakes.  Pale tan eggs, like a chicken. Three, goo wyverns.  Eggs are a fantastic glassy green color. Four, blob worms. Green and gold stripes, pointy shells, and a single horn, not to mention fuzzy tails, make blob worms wonderful pets. Eggs are tan, with a silver tint. Five, glow drakes. New from Dr. Wondertainment.  That's right, glow drakes glow in the dark. Eggs are a golden color with little red dots. Six, gunk wyverns. Chubby green skinned and dome-shelled, gunk wyverns make great pets. Eggs are transparent, so you can see the baby dragon snail inside. Parental notice. As Dr. Wondertainment's dragon snails breathe fire, they have been known to cause house fires. For maximum playtime fun and safety, it is recommended that fire extinguishers be kept handy. Despite this, Dr. Wondertainment is not legally, morally, or financially responsible for any injuries, death, or property damage, resulting from the unsafe use of dragon snails or any other Dr. Wondertainment products. By reading this document and incubating your dragon snail eggs, you agree to all set terms and forfeit your rights to lawsuits to organize boycotts, protests, honor duels, etc. Enjoy your purchase. Lesson complete. If you missed the previous orientation, go watch SCP-110, Subterranean City, right now. Or for the complete course, watch this playlist.


Okay, so for top secret we're gonna show three videos see on the other side and then We'll do a couple questions and then get out of here Related what is this? Well, usually I'm showing off a tester that has Pogo pins But in this case I'm gonna show how I'm building a tester for this revision of the TFT touch shield So the micro SD card I want to test that as a display and as a touch driver So to test all that stuff too and all these connectors. So in this case, I'm actually using Metro RP 2040 We just put these in the shop and they're very low-cost and I don't have to worry about You know that you have two boot loaders built in so they're a lot more reliable And in this case it's got a little code that's looking for an SD card and when I insert the SD card It looks for an image called wolf and then I can test the type screen And so this is a great way for me to Give the test prep folks at Adafruit a quick way to test all the functionality for this shield So we can get into the shop very quickly. So this just needs to get taped down and You can see the tape on the back put it on there. Bam new product Really do what is this? I'm testing out some displays that I found in some bands. I really is a long time ago These are three point five inch capacitive touch display So I made a breakout board with an iSpy connector and you see I made a little mistake But I fixed it some blue wire hacks And then I've got it wired up here to an iSpy BFF on a cutie pie and Just testing out the capacitive touch display something interesting about this display is actually it's multi-touch capable So I can put three fingers down and you can see it detects The three touches and draws them with different colors. I'm kind of neat Actually has like five multi-touch so you can see it's got four or five fingers all can touch at the same time This chip doesn't actually support gestures. You'd have to do that on the micro controller It's an unfortunate side effect, but otherwise it works pretty nicely So I'm gonna wrap up fix that little mistake and then we'll get these nice 480 by 320 displays into the shop Early do that was this this is me testing out a 2.1 inch capacitive touch IPS display that uses RGB TTL. It's a 18-bit color display at 480 by 480 so it's actually like a high resolution display, which means it doesn't use SPI It uses parallel RGB and usually that's really hard to do it on my controller But the ESP32 S3 can do it I'm doing ESP32 if it's got enough PSRAM and then this board this is actually in a valve board called the LCD EV and this originally came with a square display But one fun fact is almost all these 40 pin displays are the same pin out So I had to update the init code and the capacitive touch drivers a little bit different too But I got it working and that Arduino library and then circuit Python is coming up next So this is looking great getting those cool displays working one at a time that lie from nature sector Okay, so that's the eyeball eyeball and we're working on this and then this was the intro So anything to add before we want to show this real fast hold it up I mean I can just show it on the overhead. I think you know that's real the video Was pretty good. So this is a four inch display and then also get a version of this that has Capacitive touch this one does not have touch so you can poke yourself in eyeball all you want But I mean like it's so it's so cool and weird Great for Halloween. Maybe we'll have it just in time. So You know, we have there's an Arduino library that can support these And I just have to program in the init code and then Jephler has been working on circuit Python support You do need to have something like this Metro ESP 32 s3 which has 8 megabytes of ps ram because these displays unlike the 3.5 or 2.8 or 1.2 inch displays the small ones Those have built-in memory. This does not you have to draw the screen Constantly so while it looks like nothing is happening actually a lot is happening. It's constantly redrawing like every second sorry every Point every 50 Hertz whatever 60 Hertz It's redrawing the display, which means that you get very fast redraws But you have to have the memory for the display Buffered inside of here, and it's constantly like outputting it So the only thing I don't know is if it's doing this kind of display output You know, is that happening on one core and you can do Wi-Fi on the other core And how does this work with the octal ps ram because like can you do stuff during like the you know V-sync or does it buffer? I don't actually understand how it works But I'll definitely be learning more about it as we're pushing the limits because that would be cool to make like a round pipe portal Like literally it's a portal and you can like show stuff from the internet, but it's round So yeah, I wanted you know, we asked you like which ones should I do and you said do the round ones So I did the I did the round ones. Yes, nothing illustrates what we're up to other than giant eyeballs. Okay, that's


you finding life rather dull dreaming again of exotic places wishing you were somewhere else we offer you escape escape with us now to England and the story of a hard rock miner trapped in a deserted mine beneath the icy waters off the Cornish coast as Hammond Innis tells it in his gripping tale the killer mine rain had stopped when I reached Penzance just before dark at the waterfront there were men dressed much the same as myself in semen's jerseys jacket nobody took any notice of me and I suddenly felt at ease for the first time since I landed in England I lit a cigarette fished out of my pocket the worn and dirty bit of note paper which bore Dave Tanner's address to Harbour Terrace pensance Cornwall I read the note again dear Jim I hear things aren't what they were in Italy if you're getting tired of it and want to change of air I can fix you up with a job in England no questions asked it's a mining job and right up your street your old chum day well up to now I'd been lucky no questions had been asked so I went to meet my old chum at number two Harbour Terrace mr. Tanner in who Tanner mr. Dave Tanner oh nobody that name lives here oh well he's no friend of mine I've come a long way to see him look here's the letter he sent me I'm sorry you know to be afraid I'm not a cop he's a Welshman dark hair and eyes a bit of a limp oh it's maybe it's mr. Jones you're wanting but he's not here now either you know when he'll be back no I you're hurt oh no I that's blood on your hands oh one of the lodges he cut himself on glass Dave he's here isn't he's here in his heart no you can't come in move over where is he I tell you you're mistaken the devil you're doing girl come and fix this arm before I lose any more blood who was it anyway it's all right Dave it's me Jim Price Jim Price fine time for visiting you've chosen but come on up man I'm bleeding to death we went upstairs and inside his room Dave was sitting white-faced on the edge of a bed he winced as the girl door dire dine into what was obviously a bullet wound then the bandage went on hey I'm too tight girl what happened Dave nothing it's all right tell you later I'm glad to see you back still yes Davey wrap up some food find another raincoat but you can't go out don't argue girl it's time to go now all right it's better now we can talk you've come over for that job yes got a show with no questions asked I managed it cost me my last farthing though I've got no papers you got a shore that's what matters well Jim it's a mining job as I told you here help me on with my coat easy easy there I want to be shot of this place your way is the same as mine I'll tell you about the job as we go where where we go crippled Z is tin mine there's more to it than that oh come on we'll meet the girl downstairs I've got to get out come along baby your sandwiches in an old raincoat of fathers give it to her now listen sir those clothes upstairs burn clean up everything anybody comes round asking questions tell me haven't seen me not for three days where can I get in touch with you you can't you'll come back indeed I will remember you haven't seen me and you don't know where I've gone I don't know that's true you'll hear from me open the door see if anyone's about the street was deserted and the rain had started again as we slipped out we kept to mean badly lit streets as we made our way out of town then at the top of the hill we left the lights of Van Zant behind us we hadn't said a word until then we'll separate at Lanyon how far is that oh eight nine miles oh where are you going a farm be hiding up for a bit police baby no matter of speaking at a fishing boat I love more we were carrying goods liquor of course picked it up from an Italian boat a revenue cutter borders insisted on taking the ashes off warned them not to there's their own fault they jump for the other boat that's when I got this bullet through the heart how did you get away with booby trap the hatches when they open them she went up sank just like that how many were killed what does it matter they're after me though what about me oh the job I told you if you wanted it's yours or do I go do I see crippled Z's just down the road from bottle up ask for captain Manik tell him I sent you show him my letter that's all that's all it tell you what it's about come on I'll step out I'll need to rest soon enough with his closet I must have been nearly midnight when the little Welshman and I parted he pointed the way to crippled Z's a mile further along then turned away disappeared in the driving rain half an hour later I found the huddle of abandoned mine buildings and then against a crackle of lightning I saw a house I had reached crippled Z's and the job that was waiting for me what do you want I want to see captain Manik I be captain Manik what do you want Dave Tanner sent me Dave Tanner they told me to show you this letter come in my name is Jim Price Dave he said yet a mining job for me I'm a miner I was working in Italy come in here if I get warm how long have you known Dave you're in the army together where Italy mostly casino sit down you're the deserter chap aren't you oh it's all right you're Dave he told me about it we don't ask questions here does anyone know you're in England no only Dave this job you've got how long let's take not being a miner I wouldn't know might take a week I'll give you a flat rate of 50 pounds and another hundred if you can do it in two days a big tin strike no I don't see where just a minute have a look at this chart these mines are finished there's nothing worth working in them anymore I've got another to use for it you see that long gallery running down under the sea yeah it's called the mermaid nearly half a mile long now then what I want you to do is to blow a hole in the seabed at the end of it blow a hole in the seabed yes you see the slope of the gallery it starts about a hundred feet below the sea level then at the end rises to one of my figures 20 feet under the bed of the sea my job is to drill through that 20 feet and let the sea in here I could tell you it's getting risky running liquor into England through the usual channels I see this will be safer our boat spots a boy which marks the entrance of the underwater mine lowers the cargo and we haul it through the mine up to the shore how a carriage drawn by a horse or to work even underwater it'll work I've had two men working on the shaft for a year now we're straightening it out all we need is a miner to finish the job that's you it's nasty suppose the entrance gets jammed with rock after she blows no I'll go down in a day diving suit and clear it nasty I haven't done undersea stuff it's a no explosives and rock yeah and nothing to it I don't know what about Davey was he doing a job for you suppose the police get him and tie you up with it what happens to me don't worry I don't like it man be sensible you're a deserted from the British Army you return to England without papers if not here where would you work I'd be offering you 150 pounds I should have stayed in Italy but you didn't know I wanted to see Cornwall again it was a mistake not do what I ask and I'll see that you get a passage back to Italy no that's too dangerous I'm sorry I'll take my chances somewhere else in another job and you leave me no alternative what do you mean I shall have to telephone the police in Penzance and inform that the deserter has shown up looking for a job after what you tell me now make me laugh I'm quite a respectable man in these parts I doubt that the authorities would take your word against mine you're bluffing nobody can force me to do anything you think not no stay where you are mr. Price I wouldn't hesitate to shoot you you see I'm in rather a desperate position it's taken me a long time to find a minor to do this job I couldn't bear to see you refuse you still have a moment to change your mind hello would you ring the police station for me please he wasn't bluffing I knew that I owned only a few seconds to decide it was a choice of arrest conviction as a deserter doing a job which might mean my life I had run away from death once before I suddenly realized that I'd been running ever since I had to stop I look back at manic smiling sure with his pistol pointed at me well all right hang up hang up I'll do it I'll blow up your bloody mind escape under the direction of Norman McDonnell returns in just a moment boy Scott week is now being celebrated across the nation the scouting program is well known to almost every American it includes character building physical fitness and citizenship training that enriches the lives of boys and young men in all walks of life get your son or your neighbor's boy to join this worthy organization and now back to escape manic put down the phone opened a desk drawer and took out some pound notes handed me ten and he suggested I get some sleep to start work at five in the morning I was pocketing the money when the door behind us open looked around and saw an elderly man I didn't know you'd anybody here Henry it's all right father this is Jim Price he's going to work here a bit he's a minor a minor is a well my boy just good to know there be a minor working here at last I knew you'd say it my way sooner later at least we can make a start now price is working for me father working for you nonsense he must work for me I'll prove to a world that the Cornish mining industry isn't dead you may as well understand I'm letting the sea into the mermaid gallery you're mad you can't do it I won't allow it that's what I'm going to do I won't allow it I tell you I will have no alternative Mr. Price perhaps you better leave us now go to the kitchen across the hall one of the men will show you your quarters all right went to the kitchen could hear the argument raging through the hall there were two men sitting by a fire with mugs in their hands one like a diminutive monk with a potbelly and rosy cheeks and the other a long cadaverous faced man who looked at me solid me as I entered blow me another one sit down charm sit down what are you staying or passing through when a work here of a minor law lover duck is a slim now we don't have to worry about the ruddy roof falling in on this one named fryer fryer all gray did you call me fryer and this year's slim Matthews Jim price and an excited you to blow through the sea bed yes as the old man know yes I just left thought I had argue bogging it's gonna be trouble I don't understand the old man's been working these mines all his life now he says he's found the richest 10 strike and call kept in right though kept in right running liquor tax-free if you follow me too expensive to operate tomorrow these days I shouldn't want your job mr. price we've been sweating for a year down here funny feeling with all that see over your head oh well every man to his trade I say come on mate I'll say it here dig imagine you'll want to be upright and thanks see in the morning mr. price a little cockney showed me to my room it was about half hour later that I had a tap on my door yes mr. manic I was afraid you might be asleep look I want to show you my son tells me an experienced dinner have a look at this rock maybe you'll believe me hey that's tin all right this fabulous the richest seam into history of carnage mining look at it and my son curse him doesn't see it he's going to let the sea into the mine and he's brought you here to do it you're the man who's going to write my life I'm sorry it is a job that's all you can't you mustn't I'd give you 50 pounds more than he's offered if you don't do it what difference would it make if you don't me get another minor but that would take time don't you see we would be rich I'm afraid it is all right it's all right think about it I know we hold something over your head it does with everyone think about it and give me your answer tomorrow all right I will good night what's the pit for captain yeah underneath the scaffolding there to catch the rock when you make the final blast well it might work as I told you if it doesn't I'll come down in a diving suit to clear it away you say there's 20 feet to get through yes it's quite a bit of water seeping in now it'll be touchy all right granite basalt from the feel of it now that's what I thought if it cracks anything might happen yes by the way my father spoke to you last night the knee yes showed you the tin probably offered you more not to blow the mind I hope you refuse because if you didn't I can still notify the police I didn't tell him anything good then you can start to work immediately I'll send fire and slim down to help you and by the way don't go wandering around too much some of these old tunnels run for miles that you can get lost and stay out of the shaft a parallel this one she's the old come lucky mine they've been a lot of falls recently if she caves in she'll take in the sea and break through here I'll be careful I've worked mines most of my life but it gives you a funny feeling to be standing under the sea a half mile from shore and protected by 20 feet of rock rock that you're going to be drilling and blasting till there's only maybe 10 feet then you pray that it doesn't cave in until you're out of the way fryer and slim came down when I started to drill holes for explosives as the rock fell away little streams of water fell soaking us it was nasty work all right that's enough for the first blow three maybe four depends now give me the charges yeah price boy oh no water there there's nothing to worry about yet oh you wouldn't slim better get up the tunnel when she goes I was hoping you'd say that I'm off the two men disappeared up the gallery and I was left alone to explode the charge I connected the wires move the exploder as far as it would stretch into the tunnel and then I I pressed the handle the roof still held bit more water trickled in with you still held I went back to the entrance for a cup of coffee before starting again as I approached the cage which served as an elevator to the surface I saw Captain Manning talking with another man this Dave Tanner bloody fool why have all places to come here I told you the guard talked I heard it on the wireless I knew they wouldn't be thinking of looking for me here to be safer safer in broad daylight somebody must have seen you the police will be all over us nobody saw me how do you know price you've got to be through that sea bed by tonight was impossible I can't do it nothing's impossible I can get you out of the country as soon as you've finished the job you don't finish tonight in the police come well what do you know what does that mean well it can't be done as too much work for one man I put friar on the drill with you he knows something about it Tanner and myself will be clear the rock blow I'll try good you Dave stay out of sight down here and keep my father out of here shoot him if you have to you understand all right all right we work like madmen all day drilling blasting we blew the rock three four five times still it wasn't enough the water was coming in fast filling the pit mannequin slim went back for new drills and charges friar and I stayed on the scaffolding I don't like the looks of that rock weaker up here dangerous maybe fetch me a pic I sat on that scaffolding smoke the cigarette water stream down the slimy walls and I waited for friar five minutes past then mr. price mr. manic you've got to stop you've got to make it if you float the gallery and never get it I'm sorry I won't let you there's nothing I can do you better go to the surface mr. manic is not safe here he was gone and I knew he was up to something I wanted to follow but I remembered Captain Manix warning about the tunnels the old man knew them every twist turn if he wanted to get rid of me he could lead me to a maze from which I would never find my way out so I stayed there until the captain and slim came back we're getting ready to go price your father was here what he's up to something how did he get by day I don't know you'll let him go come on hurry we've got to stop in what we do he's going to make sure that we can't let the sea in here he's mad come lucky that's what I'm afraid of he knows that mine like a book come the old man was somewhere in the mine which parallel ours if he knew of a fault in the wall he could allow tons of seawater to rush in breaking down the walls and flooding our tunnel we had to stop him try our join us as we made our way into the adjoining galleries he's got dynamite don't say it captain I should have locked him up long ago what's that down there let's say it looks like a light it is that's him he's working on something the wall father father stop it stay where you are stay there do as he said don't come any closer listen to me don't do it you'll be killed he'll drown us all let's get out say you let me have met him let him have it let him look it's more your match no you're not getting me to you captain lay on the wet tunnel floor blood streaming from a wound where friar had struck him with a big we ran the three of us and the behind was the mad old man to discharge of dynamite we reached the mermaid gallery when it went off we could hear the water pouring down as though from a great height and then the more terrifying sound as the tons of seas swept through the maze of tunnels we ran ran for the elevator which could take us to safety and the surface a hundred feet above and the water followed you could you could hear the roar until it's death wait give me a hand I've twisted my ankle sorry Tom can't suck now I could see that pleasant elevator so close slim and friar were almost there and the gate and it started up no no no wait wait don't leave me use the ladder use the ladder somehow I reached the ladder painfully started up the runs it was a nightmare and the water was the monster that you couldn't escape halfway up I heard them in the cage stop it don't go any further I'm drawing but it won't it won't I kept climbing and the voices faded faded until I heard a gurgling scream and in silence and the water stopped its terrible sound it had found sea level when I got to the surface I saw Dave Tanner he was standing looking down at me with frightened eyes and with him were three men in uniform they were the police I fell into their arms crying I tell you I cried I was so happy I got away from that killer that killer mine under the direction of Norman McDonnell escape has brought you the killer mine by Hammond Innis especially adapted for escape by Anthony Ellis John Danier was starred as Jim featured in the cast were Eileen Erskine Tony Barrett Ray Lawrence Wilms Herbert Jane Avello and Lou Krugman the special music for escape was composed and conducted by Del Castillo next week escape with us to Mexico City and the story of a woman caught up in a terrifying web of murderous intrigue as Patrick Quenton tells it in his exciting story the follower if you'll stick around you'll find a lot of laughs and some deep human interest Bill Goodwin is about to pay his regular Sunday afternoon visit with his dollar a minute program bill will be selling CBS airtime at this modest rate to more people with things in their mind dollar a minute starring Bill Goodwin follows the many on most of these same CBS stations this is Roy Rowan speaking this is CBS the Columbia broadcasting system


Amber Alerts are for very serious situations. We take them very seriously. That's why you don't see them every day. An Amber Alert is a media broadcast that allows law enforcement to use the help of the public in finding someone who's been reported missing specifically a child. There are four criteria that must be met in order to activate an Amber Alert. First, they must be reported by law enforcement who will then make the request to the Colorado Bureau of Investigation to issue an Amber Alert. Second, there must be significant amount of information that would assist locating the abducted child, license plate information, a description of a suspect, something that can be broadcast so that the general public knows what they're looking for. Third, there has to be reason to believe a child was taken against his or her will, a kidnapping. Fourth, there must also be significant reason to believe that the child is in significant danger of serious bodily injury or death.


The picture you're looking at is a diagram of layers of rock in the earth. You might see something like this in a wonderful cliff, or if you could dig a giant hole with a cliff for an excavation in the side of a building foundation or something like that. What you see is that the layers of rock are not flat and uniform and boring. They've been broken and tilted and there's all sorts of action has happened. Now layers of sedimentary rock are put down initially almost horizontally. So there must be an interesting story as how the layers came to look like this. So let's take a look at that history through millions of years of activity. First of all, sediment is deposited in horizontal layers. Changes in environment over time will make those layers somewhat different. And so we get the rock layers that you see labeled Z and Y and X. Then something happens, a mountain building event, whether the rocks are squeezed and folded or something that starts to tip the layers. At the same time, erosion is happening. The layers may have been raised out of the sea or out of the river valley. And so erosion is happening, making an unconformity on top. And so you can see the action going on as wind and rain wear away the rocks and the rocks are tilted by the moving plates of the earth. More sedimentation happens, maybe sea level rises and floods it, maybe rivers are bringing things down from the mountains. And so you're burying that erosion surface under new material that you see as rock layers W and V.  And now you're left with what you see in the cliff. If you'd like to review that very briefly, just roll your mouse over the letter on the diagram that you're interested in and it will give you a very short blurb of what happened.


the marathon targets for both machine guns and for the 556. All right, do not shoot or intend to shoot the base of the target. All right, so basically that's where all the wheels and the hustles on like terrain in a rehearsal box that anticipates all the friction points we expect to encounter on the range.  So if we're training like we fight, okay, part of that is building a realistic rehearsal box ahead of time.


I think ultimately the biggest weapon anyone who's in power has is making sure that people don't know what's going on. So the media telling the full and nuanced story is incredibly important so that people understand what's really going on. And I think the media can often, you know, it can create villains and heroes and it doesn't like to necessarily see the complexity because it's an easier story to tell. And I do recognise that that doesn't help because I think villainising anyone is detrimental. In every field and every day and everything that they do and in healthcare it isn't fully built into the system that when those people make mistakes catastrophic consequences happen sometimes. And we need to have a more nuanced understanding of how to deal with that so that they don't feel that they have to hide their mistakes because nothing bad is going to happen to them. And I feel like, you know, his Mark Twain says the two greatest days of any person's life is the day that they're born and the day they figure out why. And I think Benjamin's life was five days long but he definitely had one of those days where we all feel like why he came along. And this is the why. This is that why.


Hello and welcome to the International Daily Roundup by People's Dispats, where we bring you major news developments from around the world. Our headlines. Protests against fatal shooting of black men in Philadelphia met with curfew, Saudi women's rights activists, Lao Jain al-Hathloul relaunches hunger strike, Evo Morales will return to Bolivia on November 9, and indigenous people in Chile demand fair representation in upcoming constitutional convention. We begin with the United States, where in the city of Philadelphia, authorities have responded to protests over the fatal shooting of yet another black man with a curfew. On Wednesday, a night long curfew was announced and federal troops were called in against those protesting the shooting of Walter Wallace Jr. on Monday. The night long curfew order, passed by Mayor Jim Kenny, was in effect from 9 p.m. on Wednesday and continued until Thursday morning. The curfew imposition along with the request to deploy the National Guard in the city came within hours of President Donald Trump's offer to send federal troops. The order comes after two days of protests. Philadelphia had already seen major agitations during the nationwide movement against police violence triggered by the murder of George Floyd in May. 27-year-old Wallace was reportedly shot dead by the police for wielding a knife while suffering from what his family members have described as a mental breakdown. Family members have stated that Walter was suffering from mental health issues and that an ambulance was already called to deal with the situation. The Wallace family also stated that the police were well aware of his situation as they have visited him three times before the incident, including earlier on the day of the shooting. In our next story on Wednesday, a prominent Saudi Arabian women's rights activist, Lajenul Hatlul, who has been imprisoned by the Saudi government for the past 2.5 years, has relaunched her hunger strike against prison officials. The decision is against the move by officials to deny her regular contact with her family. Hatlul had earlier embarked on a hunger strike for almost a week in September. After the administration of the Al-Hayr prison prevented her from contacting her family members via telephone for more than 90 days, she had suffered drastic deterioration in her health due to the strike, raising international concern. According to Hatlul's family members, the activist informed her parents of her intention to relaunch her hunger strike when they visited her in prison on Monday. According to multiple media sources, she has been allowed to meet her family just three times since March. The ultra-conservative Saudi government has reportedly severely restricted contacts between prisoners and their families using the pretext of the threat of COVID-19. However, even after the initial lockdown when general restrictions were relaxed for most of the population, familial contact was denied to prisoners. Besides Lajen, several other prisoners have been cut off from their families and are still not permitted to contact them. Lajen's activism focused on fighting and exposing the extremely patriarchal Saudi system of male guardianship of women. She also campaigned on other women-centric issues, including the demand for lifting the ban on women's driving. Saudi authorities have cracked down on Hatlul, among other feminists and women's rights activists, many of whom have been thrown in prison for indefinite periods of time. International human rights organizations have time and again condemned the abusive treatment inflicted upon people, unfairly imprisoned by Saudi authorities. The Saudi government has been repeatedly called upon to give prisoners a proper legal trial and improve the conditions inside prisons. On our next story, on Tuesday, Senator Andronico Rodriguez of the Movement Towards Socialism informed that the former president Devo Morales will return to Bolivia on November 9th. The decision comes the day after Luis Arce and David Chakahuanca of the MAS are sworn in as president and vice president. Rodriguez also said that two days later on November 11th, former president Morales will go to the Tropic of Cochabamba. Rodriguez recalled that last year on that date that's November 11th, the president was forced to leave his country after the civic military coup was carried out against him. In this regard, he announced that a massive mobilization will be held to receive the leader on this historic day in Cochabamba. Likewise, he said that he hopes that on the 9th, the whole country will hold a great mobilization to celebrate Morales' return. On Monday, a judge annulled the lawsuit filed and the arrest warrant issued against him for alleged crimes of sedition and terrorism. Meanwhile, on Tuesday, the Supreme Electoral Court, that is the TSC of Bolivia, presented accreditations to the newly elected members of the Pruitt National Legislative Assembly. The president-elect has already announced some measures to reverse the economic and social crisis caused by the pandemic. These include food vouchers to the poor population and the introduction of a new wealth and property tax. With regard to the human rights violations committed by the coup regime, he has assured that he will open investigations into the massacres of Sakaba and Sencata. Additionally, Luis Arce also announced plans to restore relations with Cuba, Venezuela and Iran. These relations were destroyed under the coup regime due to the realignment of Bolivia's foreign policies, according to the United States interests. And finally, Chile's Senate again postponed the vote due to take place on Wednesday on the representation of indigenous people in the constitutional convention. The convention is a legal body to be responsible for writing the new Magna Carta. After several discussions that stopped earlier this month and with voting scheduled for next Tuesday, there is still no agreement regarding the participation of indigenous communities in the writing of the constitution. The indigenous peoples account for 12% of Chile's population. Progressive forces defend the idea that these positions should be created in addition to the 155 seats the convention is expected to have. On the other hand, Sebastian Pinera's government says that these people should be included within the 155 seats. This is the first time in Chile's history that indigenous people will be represented in the constitutional body. Indigenous leaders have also asked for an equal number of seats for men and women. That's all we have time for today. We will be back tomorrow with more news from around the world. Until then, keep watching People's Dispatch. Thank you very much.


Hello my fellow sniffers, my name is Marlene McCohen and welcome back to my channel. For those of you who are looking for information on mustache parakeets or just found a mustache parakeet and don't know what to do, you've come to the right place because you may have my bird. Yes, I'm serious. If you're in the California area, especially the Los Angeles area and just found a mustache parakeet and clicked on this video, my bird has been missing for a week now, longer depending on how long this video is up since July 3rd and I would really appreciate it. If you contact me, my email Marlene McCohen at gmail is below. His name is Picasso. This is him. I don't know where I'm gonna fit him in this video but I just want to let you know that I'm missing him with all my heart and so is everybody watching this video right now. So there is a reward offered for him if you're looking for information on that bird and you want to keep him. I will buy you a new bird. Whatever you want, just please be a good soul and give me back my bird because this bird right here is really, really missing him. She's a little fascinated by my new setup. For those of you who are my fans and you are continuously looking for updates on Picasso, I'm continuously outside with Jersey without Jersey. I've had Jersey on the balcony screaming to try and find Picasso. When all this is over, I'm gonna do a very updated video on how to find your bird. Even if I don't find my bird, which I refuse to believe that I won't, you can never give up. For those of you who have lost birds recently or ever, I know you know the pain and I want you to know that I see your messages and I feel your pain. I need you guys to know that all the love and messages you're sending me are saving me. You guys are offering to do so much and I appreciate it. If you are not following me on Instagram, then you probably don't have as many updates. In fact, if you don't look at YouTube from your computer, then this may be the first you're hearing of the fact that Picasso is missing. I thought when I posted in the community tab that you guys would all get alerted, but I guess those of you who are cell phone users get alerted. So yes, Picasso is missing. I need help to find him. I'm doing updates on Instagram TV, which is IGTV, which you can just see from regular Instagram if you follow me at Marlene McCohen. I haven't posted this. He went missing on July 3rd. I haven't posted any videos to YouTube because clearly I have to focus on finding him. I wasn't going to spend any time inside on those first few days. We had a heat wave. Our electricity went out for 24 hours. Thank you, LADWP. So it's been really rough, but nothing is as bad as losing Picasso. And what happened was we were going to have a 4th of July party, which of course I canceled, but we decided to clean out the aviary, but after the birds were already in it. So I knew that that would make them scared. So I took all the birds out and put them in safe cages. They're cages that we have outside that are kind of like older or since been updated. So you know, that way they could still be around watching us clean because we're going to be outside for a little while and the air was nice. And I put Picasso in one nice cage that I knew he liked actually. And when I put him in there, he was in there for about 20 minutes. And my sister didn't know he was in that cage specifically because there's so many different empty cages around. And she started moving it. And when she moved the cage on the tile or stone or whatever you would call it, the gravel. Imagine like cobblestone, it got all bouncy and he panicked in there. And I heard her go, Oh, poor Picasso. I didn't know you were in there. And I ran to just like comfort him. But I guess all the moving of the cage made a door open or like a food bowl unlatch. And he flew out my backyard. And you guys know, I promote flighted birds. I love my birds being flighted. But like I always said to you, it's a risk because sometimes it's just a matter of time. As you can see from this event, it wasn't a door open. It wasn't a fan. It was literally a series of unfortunate events. And it'll always be somebody else. Do you know what I mean? It's like, it's like a miscommunication between two people.  So a lot of my friends have been coming out to help me put up flyers, different people on different days. I love you guys. It's amazing like who reaches out and who really comes to help. I'm tired. And I'm really scared. I'm not gonna get him back. And for those of you praying and prayer chains and all the things you're doing and new accounts on Instagram, I really appreciate it. I think that a lot of you are telling me to get it on the news. I don't know. I don't really have that power, but I did write to the news channels that had written to me about the bird bandit story. If you guys want to tweet the news channels about this story to help me, maybe we could all bombard them, then I will put Los Angeles local news tweets and hashtags below. For those of you who are on Twitter, maybe they have Instagrams too. I know you guys love Picasso. I can feel the love. And Jersey is missing him terribly. And I know she knows because when if you look at my Instagram, you'll see like she comes out looking for him and she doesn't want to get back in the car and she calls for him and she screams and she's been depressed. She's been plucking a lot and she goes long periods of time without eating. She's just sad. I know I am too. And as I said in one of my Instagram TV videos, I feel like I'm doing so much and not enough. And like what I'm inside, I'm guilty when I'm outside, I'm guilty. When I'm inside, I feel bad. And then I'm not outside. We have a major heat wave going on when I'm outside putting up flyers. I feel good. But then I realized how small I am. Then I'm like, I need to turn to YouTube because social media is bigger than we think. I've literally put flyers on every single person's door, mapped out the neighborhood, like taped to their door. I have knocked on every door that is close to me or behind me and let them know of my bird personally. We are putting flyers on poles. Wildlife Wendy, who you saw in my bird mart video, she came and helped me. So many good friends have come out. The bird community is incredible. This is Leo, by the way, for those of you who don't know my birds and might be new to the channel. I don't know what to say, except the only thing I can think of to do now is literally to get flyers to every single person's home, like via the post office. But it's really expensive. My friend Melanie said her dad might be able to help out with that like mailers. That's the only thing I can think of besides for the news. I'm like one person going from house to house with like one or two friends at a time. I feel like Jersey is like in the video making a plea too. But you guys just don't, you know, you guys know she doesn't like to be in the videos, but I'm working with a, I don't know.   Some of you are writing to me that you lost your birds and I'm just like, oh, so heartbroken. I may clip all the other birds wings so I don't have paranoia on top. Eventually I'll let them grow again, but that may be something that I need to do for now. My birds fly like professionals. And I live in such a metropolitan area. It's like hundreds and thousands of houses nearby. It could be in any one of them. So please share this. I should have said this from the beginning. Please share this video. Share in your local Los Angeles groups, mommy groups, local groups, hobby groups. If you can, I really need to find my bird. The last time I lost a bird, I wasn't okay for a very long time. I'm stronger now because I have you guys behind me, but if it wasn't for you guys, I don't know what I would be doing right now. Anyway, that is all. I'm sending you my love and my heartbreak. And here comes my dog. Anyway, guys, if you're new to the channel, please subscribe. It's not always this gloomy or slow. It's really fast, fun, and fun with a lot of birds and some other pets. But if you want to help, just share this as much as you can in every area that you can. I love you guys so much. Bye.