Look, man, y'all really gotta chill out, like for real. I gotta give a shout out to the newest team, Keep It Clean patrons before we get started. That's Raymond L, Benjamin H, Brizzy Bregive Kid, TJ H, Sergio and Alfred. Y'all gotta chill out because I feel like y'all are like supporting too much almost. But no, I appreciate it, man. I really, really do because y'all are very, very special. And I just I need to make sure that y'all know that y'all need to continue to be reminded of that, that y'all are very special in everything. It means a whole lot for it. It means a whole lot seriously. So thank you all. Shout out to all the Team Keep It Clean patrons. Shout out to everybody that that has even take the glance at the channel, even if you don't watch it regularly. If you come stop by once a week, once every two weeks, once a month, whatever it is, thank you. Thank you because you are a contributor. I appreciate y'all. Thank you. Thank y'all for letting this be fun. Y'all know we don't take ourselves too seriously on here. We have a good time because we not doing anything crazy. We not doing anything special. All we doing is talking about our opinions on whether it be the Ravens or anything else going on in the NFL. We talk about our opinions. We talk about expectations. And then we go through the games and see if they're mad or not. That's it. It ain't nothing special. It ain't nothing crazy. But we have a fun time doing it. And y'all are a huge, huge, huge, huge part of that. So thank you. For the patrons, thank y'all for showing extra support. Anybody that would like to become a Team Keep It Clean patron, again, you don't have to. It ain't no necessity. But if you would like to become a Team Keep It Clean patron, you can go to patreon.com slash engraving vids. And if you don't, hey, that's fine. Don't worry about it. Now, we got some questions from a lot of different patrons. One of the newest ones is Benjamin H. Oh, not even a question. He said, keep up the good work. Appreciate your hard work. Thank you, Benjamin. I appreciate that. Thank you. For real. Appreciate that, man. Thank you. Next one came from Pablo, another patron. He said, what's up in Raven? Keep doing what you do, bro. We all love the content. Well, not everybody, but thank you. He said, one question I have is, what are your thoughts on marijuana in the game of football? We're starting to see a lot of retired players and even some current ones saying they smoke and are advocates for marijuana. This might be a touchy question, depending on where you live. But I'd like to know your thoughts. Well, I mean, I'm not a marijuana smoker. So I don't care for it. I don't really have any thoughts on it or anything like that. Yeah, that's it. I don't care for it. I don't smoke it, so I don't like have anything to say when it comes to the NFL and their policies and procedures when it comes to marijuana in the league. Well, that was certainly an interesting way to start things off. Next question came from another new patron, my guy, T.J. He said, God bless you for the video's brother love to the family. Appreciate that, T.J. He said, Lamar Jackson is the Kobe Bryant of the NFL. Just look back at how they criticized and hated him. But Kobe didn't care. He just perfected his craft and won rings. Watch Lamar do the same. He has that Kobe swag in mindset. That's our quarterback and I believe in him and he will be a multiple, multiple Super Bowl winner. God, God, I'm sorry for the paragraph, but I'm tired of them talking down on Lamar. He's a great God-given quarterback who will prove everybody wrong for many years to come. God bless team keeping clean. Hey, that's what we all hoping for because that would be a great way to really show everybody like, hey, he did it. He did it. And then like you talked about, you said he's gonna win multiple Super Bowls. So it would be like, all right, he did it. And then he did it again. Next question came from my guy, Sergio, a new patron. Appreciate you. He said, hey, engraving quality or quantity. Hope all is well with you and the fam. After watching the past few videos about the wide receivers, it got me thinking, could the reason for us not having a star receiver be the lack of quality reps? That's certainly a part of it. That is certainly a part of it because the Ravens volume in the passing game is very low. And again, the emphasis they put on receivers is very low compared to everybody else in the league. So yeah, that's a huge part of it. But anyway, he said, the offense being run heavy means there are less reps in training camp and practice for the wide receivers. And their route concepts have always been simple and predictable. There seems to be a lack of both quantity and quality reps. In baseball, the more at bat a player has, the better their vision gets and the more hits they accumulate. In basketball, the more shots a player has, the more efficient they become. Even in music, the more reps you get as a band, the better the overall sound. I love these analogies and comparisons. Thank you for that, because it makes your point stick out that much more. And it appeals to so many different audiences who can relate to all these different things. So thank you for that. He said, the difference between Odell and Cleveland versus Odell in LA is night and day. Oh, man. Don't get me wrong. I love how we run through teams in the regular season. However, one of the best rushing teams in the league, Cleveland, was sitting at home watching two passing teams play in the Super Bowl. Another solution for developing good receivers be getting them more quality reps, for sure. For sure. And hey, this could be where one of our guys ends up blossoming. This could be where one of the Ravens guys that they have on the roster right now, they end up really showing out. But they gotta get the opportunity to do it. And with what you suggested, they very well could get that. Now, it's all up to the Ravens now. Next question came from my guy, Nick Brick.  It's been a little minute. I ain't heard from you a little minute. He said, engraving, it's been a minute since I asked the question, but I'll make this quick. With the Flacco versus the Ravens match up coming, I've been watching some clips from Jets Practice with Elijah Moore, Garrett Wilson, CJ Uzama and Corey Davis. Is this the best set of weapons Flacco has ever had? And does this make you worried for week one? Oh, I like that question. We'll see, we'll see.  He had Anquan Bolden, Tory Smith, and they complimented each other so perfectly. Then Jacoby Jones too. Dennis Pitta and Ed Dixon, Ray Rice and Bernard Pierce. He was cool, Ray Rice though. He had Ray Rice. So, yeah. We'll see, it's to be determined. Right now, I can't say, I mean, like that 2012, that Super Bowl squad, they were something. I mean, we'll see what these young guys that he has right now. We'll see what they can do. We'll see how talented they are. And definitely week one, we'll see it. Does that make me worried for week one? Well, yeah, I mean, this week one, everybody has a shot. Everybody is a fresh season. Everybody's starting off the same zero and zero. So, yeah, this should be cause for concern. And I just, I don't want the Ravens to come out slow.  I just hope this season, and I don't care if it's the Jets. And I wouldn't even care if anybody said, oh, well, it's just the Jets. It doesn't matter. No, it matters. I wouldn't want the Ravens to, I would want the Ravens to come out firing, like putting up a bunch of points and putting that pressure on the Jets right away. Because that can really get the season going the right way. That can put you in that mind frame and that mindset, like, all right, we on it now. So, it starts in New York. Yeah, this feels like a dream. Oh, Jets, what a man. You too, team, keep it clean. You see my boy, he like, out of made it, out of made it. Well, that's my homie, ain't that right in Raven? Right in Raven. Next question came from another new patron, but a long time subscriber. A.W. Juice, man, he said, I finally became a patron at the well. I have to show my brothers some love and support for the channel. Appreciate that, man. Yeah, I truly appreciate you, man, with that being said, what would it take for the Ravens to come out firing? Hey, I love how you think though, so I ain't mad at this at all. What would it take for the Ravens to call the Vikings and make a trade for Justin Jefferson after this season obviously?  He is not going there. They'll get rid of Adam Thielen. They ain't get rid of no judge. Well, you know what? Actually, Chiefs got rid of Tyreek Hill. Packers got rid of Devontae Adams. So I can never say never, but I just, I don't think it's happening. I just don't, but he would be nice. I mean, he already used to wearing purple anyway, but I just don't think it would happen. He said he would be a great fit here. His vibe and swagger, and can you imagine him? Lamar Jackson, Manjus, Bateman, all doing a gritty dance after every touchdown, especially when we played in Bengals too. Speaking of which, him and Chase have sparked up a rivalry on who's better between the two. Yeah, hey, two really, really good receivers. Two really, really good receivers. Going, I mean, no, I ain't got no problem with it. Let them go back and forth and compete. Hey, who's better? No problem with that at all.  If Jefferson came to the Ravens, and let's say Giro is gone and Keith Williams became our offensive coordinator, LOL, he said, I know my brother, I wrote a lot, but you caught in the wife and all your family as well as hers and your dog. Have a beautiful and blessed day, man. Thank you so much. Hey, I appreciate it. That would definitely be something. That would be a lot of fun, just even based off of just the vibe alone, man. It probably won't ever happen, but it will be a lot of fun and it'll be fun to think about too.  Well, if this is talking about me, you probably talking about like goofy is evolved time or something, but anyway, this next question came from my guy, Evan. I said, ain't great. When I recently found your channel in the past month and I got to say your attention to the team, your channel and your takes are top tier. I wish I could subscribe to your Patreon, but I don't really have the extra funds. That's okay. That don't worry about it. That is perfectly fine. He said, however, I'm always looking at your YouTube channel looking for more content that isn't generated or scripted by a major company. Hey, people got it. They got to collect the check. But anyway, he said, actually watching your franchise tag video now at work, you're real when you're appreciated in your dope. So it's very hard to find unbiased and honest content from one die hard football fan to another. I commend you and always we'll be looking for updates. Thank you for your content and go flock. Thank you, Evan. I appreciate that, man. Thank you. Thank you for checking out the channel. And that's something that's important to me, and not only for me, but for other people too that watch the channel. It's important for me to, I love that this is our thing and we can give our honest opinion about whatever. I know if like for people who are employed by a team in the NFL, they can't give their honest opinion. And if they do give their honest opinion, then they would run the risk of being fired. And I mean, that's business. I'm like, what NFL team will want you talking openly and honestly about them? I mean, in my opinion, I feel like that would actually make them better and make people appreciate that much more because if they would allow like straight up honesty, like that, I think that would be great. But we know that's not the case. But I just, I appreciate that we have an opportunity to do that, to speak honestly about really whatever, whether it's the Ravens or not, whatever it may be. And then things like this, like with questions from y'all, it allows you all to share your honest opinions about the team or whatever the goings on is all in the NFL.  I'm not a fan of gatekeeping at all. It is just something that just drives me crazy. But, and I know like a lot of people, they may be sort of scared to voice their opinions, whether it be on Twitter or Facebook or Instagram, whatever, because stuff can get so toxic so fast. Social media can get so toxic so fast. If you say something that somebody may not agree with or they may not have been thinking about, then they can get to name calling and disrespecting and this and that. And it's just, that was one of my biggest reasons for starting questions from subscribers was to allow people to get whatever their opinion or question or thoughts out, to allow them to get that out so they can share it with other people. And hey, some people may agree with it, some people may not, but for them to have a safe space to share whatever they're thinking and for people to give their opinions on whatever it is respectfully. Cause a lot of places not like that. You go put something that a lot of people may not be thinking in Facebook, oh, it's disgusting. Twitter, oh man, it could be even worse. People get nasty, people get personal. It's like, for what? What's the point? What does that do for anybody? Getting personal over a difference of opinions? It's just not worth it, man. But I appreciate that. He said, also, I am praying that we get Lamar Jackson the contract before we meet the deflacoled Jets. And that's your Marl Bridges continues his groove and makes the final roster. Bleed, black and purple, nine and the great. Hey, appreciate that. Hey, hope so.  Time is ticking. Today is August 21st and there is not a contract yet. So first game is September 11th or 4th. I forget when, but anyway, I think it's the 11th. Yeah, it's the 11th. So they got time, but it's just up to them to make sure they use it efficiently. What gives? Next question came from my boy, Mark J.G. He said, what's good and great and hope all this well. I was listening to your Friday uploads on Steve Young and Audrey 3 and it really has me thinking which we'll give first Lamar or the philosophy. Ooh, that's a question right there. Ooh, that's a cool, that's a question. Let's see the rest. I don't like the Lamar topic LOL, but I have love and respect for Lamar as a Raven and as a humble guy. Smash mouth football and good defense is great, but I rather have a top 10 offense as a whole than a top three Russian offense with nothing to show for it. I hope we open up the offense more so our receivers can eat and maybe we can better evaluate talent. It's getting better to see the type of passcatch that Lamar needs at his disposal because Lord, I'm not trying to open up the doors for Lamar to walk because he will get paid no matter what. He will, he will. But back to what you were saying, I hope we open up the offense more so our receivers can eat and maybe we can better evaluate talent. I agree with that a lot. Something that we've said on here too when it comes to Raven's receivers, there have been so many receivers that have came and walked through the Raven's doors and walked out and we never got to really see how good or how bad they were. It was just so much unknown because they didn't get an opportunity. They didn't get playing time. They didn't get reps. They didn't get passes on their way. They didn't get catches. They weren't on the field like that. It has been so many that we just, we don't know. And that's frustrating and it's got to be frustrating for them as players because it's like, man, I get drafted to a team while I get signed as an undrafted free agent to a team and boom, a year goes by. Ah, I got a couple pass though. Another year goes by. Ah, yeah, I got a couple pass though. Another year goes by. You could be cut, maybe just inactive and we never really got to see how good or bad the player was. It's just a question mark. And then they're gone. And again, most Ravens receivers' careers, they don't usually make it after the Ravens. They usually don't. Hollywood Brown, he's obviously doing his thing with the Cardinals, but he got traded. Tori Smith, he made it. He even got a second Super Bowl with the Eagles and he went to the Panthers in the 49ers. 49ers first though. Anquan Bowden, he, well, they traded him. He didn't even, his contract didn't run out. But yeah, usually most guys, when their contract runs out, usually that's it. Usually that's it. Usually that's a rep. If they got drafted by the Ravens, then that contract runs out. Usually that's it. Like nine times out of 10. Mark Clayton was another one. He went to the Rams and he's doing his thing, but the injuries just, he had knee injuries and that just killed his career quick. So hopefully like moving forward with the guys that the Ravens have right now. Since that's who it's going to be. All right. That's who's going to be cool. They've been approached. Duvenay Wallace, who hopefully he not hurt for the year. Well, there's bridges of poke. The mark is Robinson now. I just hope that the Ravens can maximize these guys. And so we can, we can properly evaluate them and we can truly know just how good they can really be. We can see them use it for potential. He also said real quick too, some receiver scenarios came to mind. DJ Mourney is a consistent quarterback and we have that plus he has the ability to be that guy. Although Carolina may not bite.  I think it was last off season. I don't think he's going anywhere. He said, I thought a second and a fifth with Duvenay and Boyle for more and the third round pick. Yeah. I don't think he's going. I think he signed a contract extension recently. He said, I didn't know Michael Thomas was last year. I didn't really pay attention that he had an ankle injury. Yeah. He didn't play like, I don't think he played at all last year. I don't think. And even the year before that, he was dealing with injuries too. He said, I would have off up a second or third round pick for Michael Thomas because I feel his value dropping. Yeah. They just drafted Chris Salave. Hey, I would try that third. See if they bite. What's the worst they could have? That could happen. They would say no. Okay. Hey, we offer something.  Okay. So the second round pick, but you had to check out the medicals though, because you don't want to be like bringing on somebody that's still hurt or that's like super high risk to be hurt. Cause that injury prone label is not on Michael Thomas. Yeah. Well, for some people it might be, but it's like, he's getting very close to having that. So hopefully he'll be healthy this year. He said, maybe LaVisca Chanel. How do you feel and what would you want to do? We just signed the markets, but I want Lamar's job easier. I'm sending this late. So if it sounds a bit off, I do apologize. Sorry for the rain. Peace and blessings. No, it's all good, man. Wow. A lot of the options that I wanted are over with now. Well, the biggest one being a DK make half, but like it's, it's limited stuff out there. There's Robbie Anderson. That's one. Is he a needle mover? He will help. He will help. He's from Florida too. So that, that makes it even better. I don't know. I really don't know. It's, it's just really, since it's not, it's not much out there right now. I know everybody keep talking about Odell Beckham, Jr. and Odell Beckham, Jr. is nice, but you ain't get nothing from him until later down the road. But I mean, that can help in the playoffs, especially that experience, but the markets Robinson, he also got playoff experience in Super Bowl experience. But I, what I want, what I would say would just really to, like it got talked about in the previous question, what the guys at the Ravens have on the squad right now, use them, really use them, give them chances. Hey, if they have a drop, okay, don't, don't take them out of the game and don't make them inactive for the next four games, just cause they have one drop. No, get them an opportunity then. Let them show who they are. Let them show themselves. And made the best men win as starting receivers and slot receivers and backups and whatever, whatever and whatnot. But I just, they're not going to make it any crazy trade for anybody, anything like that. It's not really anybody to bring in. All right, so cool. Let's really see what these guys got. Like really see. Let's consistently give them opportunities. Let's consistently, like really put them in a good position. Let them show you why you drafted them. Let them show you what they specialized in. Let them show you what makes each and every one of them stand out from the next. Next question came from my guy, Gold Morano. He said, pundits keep talking. And Graven, I can't help bothering you today now. Emmanuel Acho and Rick Buche say that Greg, I don't know who that is. Say that Greg Roman should be fired on Speak for Yourself. Well, I mean, again, Greg Roman could be fired tomorrow, but it wouldn't really change much. It would just change the name of the offensive coordinator, but it will still be the same philosophy. But he said, Aaron Rodgers is asking Green Bay to go signing Antonio Brown. Oh, he did? I didn't hear about that one. That would be something. He said, why can't Lamar just get one Pro Bowl wide receiver? Why do all the other quarterbacks get spoiled with all the riches? Hey, that's some, I mean, that's the Ravens. But now with that being said, let's try to make their own Pro Bowl wide receiver. Let's hope that the Ravens, again, they really give that guys a shot at being Pro Bowl wide. Not Pro Bowl returners, not Pro Bowl special teamers, not Pro Bowl wide receivers, because that would really be a huge step in the right direction. Baltimore Ravens team game plan. Next question came from my boy Kevin S. He said, hey, in Graven, no one is talking about what the Ravens are doing on the low. With the recent signing of the markets, they're doing a full football team that has one or two low weaknesses on offense and defense. Positions nine to 10 on both sides of the ball are very good to great. Most teams are top heavy with quarterback and wide receiver, then weak in four to five areas on both sides of the ball. All right, let's see what he's talking about. He said, for Ravens offense, the QB is great. The wide receivers are good enough. We'll see, it's to be determined. And again, we just want them to, since they're going to roll with who they have, cool. We just want them to be given a fair legitimate shot to show who they are. I just, I wouldn't want that there to still be all these question marks. Who is Rashal Bateman? Who is James Proshay? Who is Devin Duvenay? Who is Shamal Bridges? I don't want the Ravens to go through this season. And we still questioning like what the Ravens receivers can or cannot do. We should have answers this season. If they're going to roll with who they got, we need to have answers. Anyway, he said, running backs, very good. Very hurt too, but they're pretty good. Tight ends, great. Offensive line, very good. I would say the offensive line could be good. I wouldn't say very good right now because Ronnie Stanley is injured. Linder bomb, he hasn't returned to practice yet, I don't believe. And we still got to see him in an NFL game. Haven't seen him yet. So I would say they can be good, but it's still to be determined. But potential is there. As far as Ravens defense, defensive line, great. Rush, very good. Could be great with the return of a Javel. So pass Rush he's talking about. We'll see. I think a lot with that depends on scheme. Linebacker is very good. Could be great. Whoa, hold up now. Linebacker is very good. Could be great. I don't know. Patrick Queen I think is still finding his way. He's not bad, but he's not great yet. I think he's still finding his way. If he can do what he started doing toward the end of last year and just be a wrap-up tackler, then he's taken off. It wouldn't be no question in my mind that he was taken off. Josh Bynes, he's on the back end of his career. I wouldn't call him great. He's not bad, but I wouldn't call him great. We also got a linebacker, Malik Harrison. He's still trying to find his way. Yeah. So I wouldn't say the linebacker is all great. Secondary. He said great. Secondary, they loaded there. They are building a full football team. Are you noticing that? Thank you and blessings and great health to you and your family. Hey, I appreciate you, Kevin. Yeah, yeah. They did this last year too. Last year, they did a great job of having good starters and quality depth on the roster. They did it again this year. They did have a couple spots where they were a little weak at. A little thin, but overall for the most part, like you said, positions 9 to 10 on both sides. Did you mean 9 out of 10? But either way, most of the positions are they have quality starters and quality depth. So yeah, they did it last year, but of course last year all the injuries and that messed up everything. But this year, they're doing a lot of same stuff. So that's a good sign. To prove a point, the next question came from my guy Manuel. He said, what's up in Ravens? Shout out from Mexico. I was on the Twitter space today and man, oh man, Matt said that the 2012 Ravens were running the ball similar to the 2000 Ravens. I went and checked the stats of both Ravens, Super Bowls, and oh my, look what I found. 2000 Ravens had 3100 passing yards and 2200 Russian yards. 2012 Ravens had 4,000 passing yards and 1,900 Russian yards. The Ravens think they can run their way to the Super Bowl well. To prove a point once and for all, total yards of each of the last three Super Bowl winners. 2019 Chiefs, passing yards were 4,500. Russian yards were about 1,500. 2020 Tampa Bay, Tampa Bay, Gran Canis. Passing yards were 4,600. Russian yards were 1,500. 2021, LA Ravens. Passing yards were 4,600. Russian yards were a little less than 1,700. So tell me, EDC, Harves, Giro, you expect to win with only Russian or are you banking up the stats of 2019? Although impressively balanced on the sheet but very ineffective against situational football and talent-wise on the outside with wide receivers. 2019 Ravens passing yards, 3,225. Russian yards, 3,296. Wow, that's what it was. Well, that's crazy. Wow, they ran for that many yards. I know they ran a lot, but whoa. You sure? That many yards? Wow. Although they want to replicate the stats of 2019 to call it a great year. It ain't great if you don't win the big, you don't win it big. Despite the numbers and Bishari, should it better than anyone else because Lamar wants those rings? Oh, I think he should know it better than anyone else because Lamar wants those rings. Not the stats, the rings. Stay, save and tell team capability to check on each other once in a while. That's true. And yeah, I mean it's not, it's obviously not just about the numbers but it's just, because numbers don't always tell the whole story. They do tell a lot of it, but they don't tell the whole story. But it's just, volume is a big part of it. Just consistency and just really effort, just really put an effort into that passing game too. You want options. It's nice when you have options for what you are getting ready to do. You don't want to be stuck to, all right, we're good at that and that's what we're good at. We're going to only do that, but hey, what happens when that doesn't work? What happens when people stop that? You got to be good at something else too. So that's it. Be able to be good at something else too. And the Ravens, they can do it. They got the capability to do it. They got the ability to do it. They just got to do it. And last question on this episode came from my guy, Rodeo. He said, reverse card. Good morning or afternoon, my guy. I can't believe we signed the Marcus Robinson. You are Ravens fan. You know what I mean. So today, let's reverse field like literally, how would you feel if we had our current team with Devante Adams and Debo Samuel as well as Eva one and two, but we sacrifice a cornerback. Yes, the Ravens love defense, but in this episode of dreaming with subscribers, we are losing our all pro talents in Marlowe and Marcus. Oh, so we okay, we losing both of them, but adding all pro talent with Adams and Debo. Lamar would finally have more than enough but let's say our corners one and two or Kyle Fuller and Pepe or Jaylen and Mark Davis. How would you feel and would you be happy? Well, as far as the receivers, yes. You know, I would be jumping for joy. I would be crazy happy. And now are we talking about just those guys and well, I guess I just focus on those guys because I don't know if you meant those guys in addition to what we have now or those guys and then some other people, but it's sound like more just those guys and then some other people not in addition to what we have now. But anyway, if that were to happen, I would love it for the offense and for the defense. It would not be the end of the world. It wouldn't be the end of the world. Who knows what Pepe Williams can do? Hey, who knows? Who knows what Jaylen and Mark Davis could do? They can come in and they can shine. They can come in and do their thing or they can come in and struggle or they can come in and struggle and then eventually start doing their thing. But I think that if Ravens, they had those guys, we said Debo and Devonte Adams, that would give them some elite talent at wide receiver. And again, hopefully some of the guys that they got right now can show that they can be elite talent. So they can hopefully they can grow into that. But yeah, that would certainly make Lamar Jackson's job easier. But at the same time, it would also make the defense's job easier because you have this elite talent so you have more options. With you having more options, you have more opportunities. With you have more opportunities, you could have more touchdowns. You have more touchdowns that allows the defense to have more rest and more opportunity and less pressure, really less pressure.  But it could allow them to have less pressure because if you racking up a bunch of points, points, points, points, points, then the defense, it makes their job easier. As long as they get a couple stops in between why you're always getting all them points, then the score runs up and the other team got to play catch up so that it can make them one-dimensional. Also, back to the offense, it would also like, say, friends, hey, Devonte Adams having an off game. Oh, okay, we got Debo. Debo having an off game. Oh, okay, we got Devonte. Both of them having an off game. Hey, we got Mark Andrew. It would give them options. It would give them options. So it would just make life a whole lot easier for the Ravens. Shout out to the Ravens.


and he made up a full full story to try to harm me and I'm like oh don't really do it this type of stuff that's right everybody all of this drama is affecting Jeffrey's mental health and there's a lot of valuable lessons that we can learn from this but I gotta warn you in this video you're gonna meet tough love Chris and it might lose me some subscribers but if you stick through to the end I'm going to give you some valuable valuable tools to improve your mental health everybody this is Chris from the Rewired Soul where we talk about the problem but focus on the solution and if you're new to my channel my channel is all about mental health what I try to do is take things going on in the community to teach you lessons that you can learn to improve your mental health so if you're into that kind of stuff make sure you subscribe and ring that notification bell so in this video we're going to be talking about why Jeffrey star is a magnet for drama all right because I can definitely relate to this and you might be able to relate to this as well and I'm gonna give you some advice and it might sound a little harsh and if you're a huge Jeffrey star fan you might get a little upset with me but you know like what are these things when it comes to improving our mental health is this I say this all the time true friends are the people who tell you what you need to hear not what you want to hear all right but there's a great chance that Jeffrey will never see this video so if you can relate to this and what Jeffrey's going through and all this drama just seems to find you maybe you can learn something about it well so anyways Jeffrey for those of you who don't know you can check the info card I have two other videos about kind of what's going on between Jeffrey star and Thomas Halbert there's a bunch of other stuff blowing up right now with like Nikki tutorials and Laura Lee and I don't even know so much stuff but I'm not a drama channel but like there's so many lessons to learn from this because like I used to be so entrenched in drama and a lot of this is just about learning how to improve your relationships so I see a lot of comments I see a lot of tweets and they're like oh my god Jeffrey's just he's just always the victim of this drama he's just always this he's always this you know I'm like well that might be somewhat true there's a there's a lot that Jeffrey can do to avoid this drama as well and it comes down to self-awareness and accountability right like for example from my personal experience I used to think I used to think that everybody woke up in the morning and they were like how am I going to screw Chris over today right and that's that's not the case that's crazy for me to think but why do these things keep happening to me so this is I'm gonna share a little bit of a story with y'all try to make it brief but it helped me realize how I cause a lot of my own problems so when I got sober I got a sponsor and when you first get a sponsor pretty much is just somebody you whine complain and moan too and you know I get that like people do it to me now and but this is what I did with my sponsor so anyways when I first got sober I was living in a sober living house and a sober living house for those of you who don't know like it's a bunch of people trying to stay clean living under one roof and it's nuts like I did a cold turkey detox in there I was a crazy person and there was 18 guys in my house right well anyways I would call up my sponsor I would just be so mad I'd be so so so mad I call him up I'd be like can you believe this stuff I'm like my roommate snores um you know this guy he smells funny this guy's always uh you know hugging the shower I was like somebody's like stealing my food uh I was like there's one TV in this house and all they do is watch like Pawn Stars all day and I'm just going off about all this stuff all these people everything going on in the house and my sponsor would sit there and he would listen to me and he would ask me after staying silent and letting me vent he would ask me he said Chris did you make any decisions based on self which later placed you in a position to be hurt I'm like look at the phone I'm like are you kidding me right now dude because basically what he's asking me is Chris why are you in a sober living house but that's not the answer I wanted I want people to hear me complain about all these these guys in my sober living house and just cuddle me and say oh Chris you poor thing why don't people just treat you right but let's retrace those breadcrumbs why was I in a sober living house well was it because I you know abused drugs and alcohol so much that I became an addict and I lost everything from my money to my apartment to my car I lost my friendships the trust of my family members I lost everybody's trust throughout my addiction that I didn't even have a couch to sleep on that's why I had to be in a sober living because my mom did not trust me to be in her house so why was I in that sober living like granted this doesn't give everybody an excuse to treat me a certain way right it doesn't give them excuse but why am I in that sober living house because of me so I kept calling him and he kept reminding me that and I'm like okay so eventually he got through my head I was like well I'm here and guess what I never want to live in a sober living house again so you know what I do I don't get drunk or high so after I got out of the sober living house I moved into my mom's house now those of you who have met my mom on my channel me and her I have an amazing relationship but in the beginning it was hard for me to handle her and deal with her I made a video about how I how I forgave my alcoholic mom but that took a long time so when I moved in with her I still had a lot of anger and resentments and I would call up my sponsor I'm like can you believe this woman she was a drunk for 20 years of my life and now she's trying to boss me around and tell me what to do she's trying to act like you know a mom now I'm a 27 year old I was 27 at the time I'm a 27 year old grown man and she's telling me that oh did you brush your teeth did you can you clean this can you clean that can you walk the dog can you do this I'm like can you believe this and my sponsor would sit there and he would listen to me he let me vent and then he would say Chris did you make any decisions based on self in the past that puts you in the situation that you're currently in and I was like because that's right like why was I living in my mom's house why was I a 27 year old grown man living in my mom's house the same thing as why I was in a sober living I was the reason I was the reason so what might what he was help training my brain to do was to start realizing how I cause a lot of my own problems and that's what I had to realize when it comes to drama just happening to find me no like if any of you watched my video about uh Jake Paul and Alyssa and FaZe Banks I talked about you know people going out and partying like when you go out and party it is more likely that a bunch of drama and dumb stuff is going to happen so like I had to realize that the people I was hanging out with I was not hanging out with the best people because I was hanging out with shady people shady stuff always happened now I can't like I look at it this way if I go to the zoo and I jump into the lions pit and the lions and the lion eats me is it the lions fault well I guess kind of but why was I jumping in the lions pit so that's what I I would want you to think about so when it comes to Jeffrey like why like why does this always happen like I'm sure you know there are people who are maliciously out to get him and things like that but I would I would caution to say that maybe Jeffrey isn't the best judge of character you know what I mean like um I've brought this up with the Shane Dawson series he's very empathetic he sympathizes with everybody he comes in contact with and once he finds that balance here I think his mental health will improve quite a bit but there's a reason that these things keep happening to certain people so I want you to kind of evaluate your life and say am I doing the same thing and keep getting hurt right so here's another example back when I was single before I was dating my amazing beautiful girlfriend I used to have a type I love to date crazy women I love to date crazy women I like women who had like a little bit of a screw loose right and I talked about this in my like why you date who you date video but anyways I didn't like dating boring women right they were just boring they had their stuff together like I want a woman who might stab me in the middle of the night or punch me in the face you know like just like I'm feisty but then I had a type and then crazy stuff would happen I would date a crazy woman and then crazy stuff would happen like they would wreck my car wreck my room break my stuff go through my phone and then I would sit there and be like why why can't I just find a good girlfriend well then I would remember Chris did I like did I make a decision in the past that put me in a position to be hurt your damn right I did because my type was dating crazy women crazy stuff kept happening then I found my beautiful girlfriend Tristan and she's only like a little crazy she has a quirks I love her but but I hope you guys are starting to understand like this is how I keep my head on straight and for any of you who have anxiety this is a huge huge huge skill for all of you it's called developing an internal locus of control it's realizing that you have a lot a lot of control over the outcomes in your life but the problem is a lot of us don't think we do we think that this these just things just happen all the time like I'm letting you know right now since I stopped going out and partying a lot less stuff happened since I developed became a better judge of character I have a lot fewer friends who are back stabbing me you see what I mean so I'm never going to be able to change other people like one of the most valuable lessons I've ever learned is this it's a lot easier for me to change me than it is for me to try to change everybody else you know what I mean so the last thing I want to talk about is Jeffrey star when he talks about you know him and Nathan it's affecting his mental health it's affecting their mental health every time he wakes up in the morning there's more drama right it's like I'm good but it does affect my mental health it does affect Nate's mental health it does affect my family when people are constantly lying it's like can you imagine just waking up and there's another fabricated fake ass story it's like can we just breathe and live our lives without people constantly trying to come for us like well here's the thing like I was actually just live streaming on youtube I'm actually gonna go edit it on youtube I'm gonna try to do it like a few times a week but anyways somebody asked like how do you how do you not care and I've done videos on this but like so I'm starting to grow as a as a as a youtube channel and I don't even think I realize it most of the time um because I have a problem comparing myself to others I'm like oh I'm only at 18,000 it's not like I'm at a million right but I'm starting to build and build and build but like I was saying in my live stream I was like I'm letting you know like if people start starting rumors about me and saying lies about me I could give zero efforts all right I'm trying to censor myself like I do not care I do not care what people think and like the people in live stream were like asking me like how do you do that right it's because I'm constantly true to myself I am true to myself as long as I am doing the right thing over and over and over and over again I don't care and I know as I grow as as this happens like if if rumors start about me or whatever like that like I'm gonna lose subscribers and I don't care like if somebody doesn't um doesn't fully understand who I am as a person like I'll be blunt with you I don't need him in my life I don't need somebody in my life I have some subscribers on this channel who are still subscribed and have been subscribed for months who still question my values and my morals and my personality and guess what I'm letting you all know right now I sleep like a baby every night and it's nice it's nice because I just don't care I don't care what this person's opinion is of me because I know who I am I cannot value other people's opinion more than I value my own and I wish that Jeffrey would learn that I wish that people like Shane Dawson would learn that and trust me some days it's easier to do than others but this is something that we constantly need to work on all right so anyways that's all I got for this video I want to hear from all of you down in the comments below do you feel that you attract drama and do you think maybe it's because you keep hanging out with the same type of person or you can answer this question where are you like me where I like to date the bad girl maybe you like to date the bad girl or maybe you like to date the bad boy do you think that maybe that's why your relationships keep not working out because you have a type that is prone to have a relationship that doesn't work out let's talk in the comments down below all right anyways that's all I got for you if you like this video please give it a thumbs up and if you are new I'm always making videos to help you out of your mental and emotional well-being make sure you subscribe and ring that notification bell and a huge thank you to everybody supporting the channel over on patreon you all are helping me do what I love which is helping others with their mental health so if you want to sign up and be a patron click the top on that link you can do it for as little as the dollar a month all right thanks so much for watching I'll see you next time


Mae'r cyfnod o'r gyfnodd. Fel ddigon nhw. Fel ddigon nhw'n ddombos o'r Gala Gwladol, gwaith o'r cyfnodd yn y Llein. Dwi'n gweithio'n gwaith. Yn y momentu, rwy'n meddwl y gwybod, allan'n ddwy'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio, ond mae'n amlwn yn fwy fydd yn ddweud. Felly mae'n ddod i gyd, Rydyn ni'n ceisio gynnig o bobl o'r unrhyw unrhyw o'i cyfrifio'r cyfleu'r cyfrifio'r unrhyw. Yn ymgyrch am yw benedig o'r llyth â'r cyfrifio'r llythau, ac arall, ai'r rhaid i'r cyfrifio ar hyn yn y penedig, bydd ymgynneb i'r cyfrifio'r llyth â'r llyth o'r llyth â'r llyth â'r llyth â'r llyth â'r llyth â'r llyth â'r llyth â'r llyth. If the master plan I've been emailing people about for three months works out then by the end of the evening this stage will be filled or rather in 40 minutes with winners and finalists from all ten years. I'm hoping many of you will be up on the stage before we go and eat, drink and get married. So I hope you have a fantastic half an hour or so with us. But first, I'd like to introduce you to those of us who are going to joining me on the stage, presenting the awards this evening. So we're going to shortly welcome Toby Young from our sponsors co-sector. We've been supporting this award very generously for the third year running, and without them we would literally not be here this evening. So I think we're going to give Toby in a moment a very warm welcome, but also Toby is joined by two very glamorous presenters, may I say. Josie Fraser, our keynote from yesterday and also Melissa Highton from the University of Edinburgh who's representing the panel of judges this year. So I think at least the chair of the judging panel will be pleased that she's taken the place in presenting the awards this evening. But as I said we're celebrating 10 years so we're celebrating this year but also everyone who's been involved in the awards for the last 10 years. I feel really proud that as an association we are the body who awards the leading national award, the only award dedicated to outstanding achievement in learning technology as a focus. But more about that from Toby so please put your hands together for Toby Young. Thank you. Thank you, thank you. Well Toby Young from Co-Sector University of London, formerly known as URCC. We're very pleased to be sponsoring these awards for the third consecutive year and especially for this year as well as this is the 10th year anniversary. I'd like to give a big shout out for Alts who play a huge part in our community and these awards are the only dedicated learning technology awards that are recognised on national scale. And I'd also like to thank everybody here and everybody involved who has been from the past in the present and also in the future for making Altsy better year on year. So thank you very much. Cheers. One of the things that Sponsorship has enabled us is to open the awards up for the last two years for voting by you. And one of the winners, the only winner in the room who doesn't know that they've won this award yet is the Community Choice Award. So if you could raise your hands if you voted in the Community Choice Awards. Excellent. Most of you have voted. Great. You had a huge number of votes this year, far exceeding last year and this is the last award to be given out this evening. So if you are one of the finalists, be braced for that big announcement. But now we're going to the individual awards which come first this year and they'll be co-presented by Toby and Josie. And the first award will be presented by Toby who's now going to come and get us started. OK, so for the individual awards, highly recommended entries. First one is David Watson, Hong Kong Polytechnic University. And also highly recommended entry is Fiona McNeill, the University of Brighton. Unfortunately, Fiona can't join us today so we'll pass this on to her. OK, and over to Josie. OK, so a final highly commended entry today is for Ian Griffith, University of Northampton. OK, so to the runner-up, it's Chrissie Narazzi, Manchester Metropolitan University. Oh, that's very kind of you. Thank you very much for this recognition from the old and the community as well. Because I owe this recognition to all the people I have worked with and I am working with for a number of years now. And I would like to highlight the role Sue Beckingham has played in my own development and all the projects we have worked with. But also many, many other people who are in this room. So thank you very much.  I'm getting so excited. I need to calm myself down. The individual award for 2016 goes to Daniel Scott Barnsley College. Thank you everyone. I'm extremely nervous to be honest, to be in your presence. But I just want to say thank you for, well, obviously to the panel first, for recognising these achievements and milestones of the years that I've worked towards. I'm truly grateful. As you can tell, I'm really nervous. But yeah, it's just incredible that I've won this against all the other people that have contributed towards it. So yeah, I'll keep it short. It's a little embarrassing myself. But no, truly thank you for everyone that's obviously recognised my efforts and seen what I've been developing and doing over the years. It means a lot. Thank you. I think we can all see what certified membership of the Association for Learning Technology leads to, ladies and gentlemen. Because it's nice to see a Seamold holder win this award. But now, without further ado, now come the team awards. Co-presenting that will be Melissa Hyten and Toby again. So hopefully you're now ready to see who the winners are of this year's team awards. Please Toby, come along. Right, team awards. Highly commended entries. University of Brighton. Unfortunately, they're not here tonight. So to the next highly commended entry. It's the Educational Design and Engagement, EDE, Part of Learning, Teaching and Web Services, LTW, University of Edinburgh. And also in the highly commended team award, the digital education team of the University of Lincoln. Another highly commended team award, the ILT team in the heart of Worcester College. And in third place, the open education team, University of Edinburgh. I'd just like to say a huge thanks to everyone and the Association for Learning Technology for this award. It's really encouraging to see open education being acknowledged. I think one of the things that we've seen over the last couple of years is open education moving from being something that is done on a project basis to something that's been really embedded across the sector. And I think it's really helpful to have the support of ALT in this because I think there's so much more we can do to really embrace open education. So I'd just like to say a huge thanks to ALT for this award and also on behalf of a very large team at the University of Edinburgh. Many of which are not here today. So I'd just like to say a huge thanks to all my colleagues at the University of Edinburgh as well. And this award is for them. So thank you very much. It's a good evening for Edinburgh. The judging was a little bit stressful. I kept having to step out and remove myself from the judging. But I did just want to say that actually being invited to be a judge on these awards was an amazing experience. It's amazing to read all of the entries from all of the different teams and see the range of activities that teams do across the country. So we have even more. We have a runner-up before we get to the final winner. So a runner-up in the team award, the health and e-learning and media team, Helm, from the School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham. Just to say thanks very much to ALT for this award. This is a fantastic team to work in. Only half of our teams here. So this is for the team and for those that aren't here. I think just a special thanks to Professor Heather Warrod, who can't be here today, but who really has built this team up from the very beginning. And also I think a special thank you for all the service users and patients and carers that we work with that really help us to do and achieve what we achieve. And on to this year's winner for the team award. And this goes to the learning technology and innovation London School of Economics and Political Science. Thank you very much to ALT for the award for us and particularly in their 10th year, which I think is absolutely brilliant. This award is testament to the incredibly hard work of these people on stage and the seven other people from LTI that aren't here today. These guys have taken enormous risks to experiment, do different things, think about learning technology and education in different ways. Approach this with a real sense of exploration and discovery, which we think is a really important thing to work with. Then, luckily, a very engaged group of faculty from Bill Callaghan in our International Relations Department who did amazing work around documentary films. To Susan Scott, who's looking at the gig economy in our management department and to people like Jennifer Jackson Priess in our European Institute. And Catherine Zhang from our Language Centre who used some of the work that we did to help people translate interviews in Mandarin. So it's such a broad, diverse group of projects that we've worked on. And I think what's really important for the LSE is that this represents a really strong lineage. This is not just the people that have worked here, it's the skills that they've brought into the LSE. It's the other people that have worked in this team over the 12 or so years that it's been formed. And it's all those ideas that the academics, the professional services staff, the management and these guys here bring to what they do, the passion that they bring to it that makes me want to come into work every day to be a part of them. So I want to thank them, thank their colleagues who aren't here and once again thank Alt for the award. Thank you. Yes, no escape. In a moment we will announce everybody will come back on the stage. So if you have just been given a certificate, get yourself ready to come and join these guys on the stage while I'm speaking. Because we all want to be present up here for the announcement of the Community Choice Award. So if those award winners who've already been awarded this year could come back and make their way down to the stage and will shortly announce the Community Choice Award and then get one picture with all of you together. But as I said this year we have had an enormous amount of votes both via Twitter and via email. And there's only two of us who could see the results as they were coming in and week and week and sometimes day on day the winner was different. And the tension was rising up to yesterday as to who would win this year's community favourite. And obviously they'll be on the stage already but to announce the winners as chosen by you this year will be Toby in a moment. Are we all on stage? Everybody here? Great. Toby come on up and this is the winner of the Community Choice Award. Right. The winner of the Community Choice Award this year is the Helm team, University of Nottingham. Can you say anything more about your entry as you've won the popular choice contest? I just want to say thanks to people for voting for our team. I've only been in the team about two and a half years but it's the best team I've ever worked in in learning technology. They're fantastic and they've been going a long time so like the other team said there's years and years of experience behind it. Particularly I think Richard, Mike and Heather is not here who founded the team maybe back in the day and we've all just interloaked throughout the year. And congratulations everybody else. Fantastic. Thank you. Now comes the uncomfortable time under the spotlight they have all been dreading as we count back to 2007. So there's absolutely no escape. Our photographer Chris is going to decide whether or not we need to rearrange everybody but hopefully and this is going to be interesting. This is audience participation. So there is a lot of text on these PowerPoint slides and if you spot your name, your institution's name or your team's name you need to come down and we have a special certificate for you. I am pretty certain that we have at least one person per year. So if you are, thank you Neil for leading the way. That's great. Let's give out the certificate. So if you see your name please come and see me and you get a special certificate. Actually would you mind doing that to two of you? Could you give us the certificate? Yes please. So this is 2015. This is last year with Joe Mills, John Kerr, Luke Burns and the winners was the University of Leeds. Going backwards 2014, I hope you are going into the hang of this. This was with James Pickering, Jade Carlson, Tom Andrew, Matthew Homewood, the learned tech team of the University of Northampton if any of you are here, come and get your special certificate. Also the Leicester City Council team and 2013, I think this is where we are going. Sheila McNeill, are you here? Also quite a lot of team awards. 2012, we have Steph Latbrook and David Renton. Also James Pickering, Lambeth City Learning Centre, University of Manchester, Skills at the Library at the University of Leeds. I think you are up here already a couple of times. This is getting busy. And we also have Neil Morris. You are already here. That's excellent. Oliver Quinlan, Mike Russell. And we are going back to just tectis. I don't think that exists anymore but maybe some of your team is still doing. And then there is also from the University of Dublin Institute of Technology and the Open Nottingham team from the University of Nottingham. Only three more years to go. So we have got Christina Costa, Mike Wald, Therese Byrd, the tall team from the department. I know there is someone here, Marianne. We also have someone I think here from the Bloomsbury Learning Environment Technical Team representing Sarah Sherman who can't be here. So if you are here, Leo and colleagues, come down here. There are special certificates on offer. Perfect, come practice. Two more years to go. We have got James Clay. James, where are you? The XRT team from the University of Nottingham. Beyond Distance Research Alliance, University of Leicester. And also the LSN Molnet mentoring team. If any of you are involved in this, come down. And Josie Fraser in 2008. The Learning Technology Group of the University of Lancaster. And also at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. And you'll find a learning director. If any of you are involved in that, please do come down and get your special certificate. This is a once in a lifetime opportunity. And last but not least, and I'm sure there is someone here from Pebble Pad. We've got Phil Cossin and also Hannah Whaley and then someone from the Pebble Pad team. Thank you, John, who is bringing us back all the way from 2007. And that, ladies and gentlemen, is what ten years of the Learning Technologies of the Year award looks like all in one place. So our one aim is now for our legacy for the next ten years to take one picture with everybody in it. It's a fun. It should be oldie. Come on, you need to be in it as well. Yes, I'm wearing you. I've not won. So ladies and gentlemen, I'm really grateful for your patience. We know we had a lot of rounds of applause. But it's been an absolute privilege to bring together winners from the last ten years all under one roof. Fortunately, we have now come to the part of the evening which does not need running orders or PowerPoint slides, because dinner will shortly be served in the Roots restaurant. And I have been specifically instructed to tell you that there is neither a seating plan nor a dress code. So all that remains to say is to wish you a pleasant evening with us. Eat, drink and be merry. And we look forward to seeing you tomorrow morning for the first keynote with Jane Secker at 9.30. Thank you very much and enjoy your evening.


Okay. Good morning guys. Hope you can hear me at the back. Cool. So, most apps today have to communicate with the server, right? To pass data back and forth. So, in today's talk, in the next 40 minutes, basically, we'll figure out how that communication layer could be optimized. A brief about myself. I work at height doing all things Android. Let's start the discussion by talking a bit about height, how the journey has been. We launched in December 2012 and recently crossed the 35 million user mark. 90% of our user base is in India. That has governed a lot of stuff that we do. In terms of growth, x-axis is the number of days and y is the users in millions. We are experiencing a lot of growth reflected in this chart. Now, this is interesting. More than 10 billion messages are exchanged on height every month. So, given all of this background, what does building for India mean technically? I mean, there are a lot of challenges which are business oriented while developing an app for India, like localizing the content and forming telecom partnerships. But in this talk, we're just going to talk about the technical challenges. See, if I were to pick two things that as an app developer, you should care about. If you're targeting the whole of India, it would be these two things. Network optimization and getting to low-end devices. If you remember from yesterday's talk by Gulzar, he mentioned that how a lot of network connectivity in India is flaky and most people are not on Wi-Fi and 3G, the way we would like to believe. We at Hike experience all of this while building, and we continuously optimized our network communication layer to cater to that. So, first things first. Most people in India use Sashay data packs. Sashay data pack is something you go to a store, buy a 50 MB pack, and charge your data connection with that. So, how many of you here use Sashay data packs? Only one. So, remember, if you are building for India, this is not your target audience. The target audience is something who rely on Sashay data packs. See, a lot of people are still experimenting with data. So, people going to colleges, people in non-metals, they're still experimenting with data, figuring out if it actually is worth their money. So, the first step of experimenting is with Sashay data packs. It roughly costs around rupees 3 per MB. So, imagine you're downloading a 20 MB file, or a 2 MB file, let's say. It costs around rupees 6, more than a cost of printed paper. So, with this in mind, any layer that you implement for data thinking has to optimize for bandwidth. It should not happen that the user's installer app does not use it and figure out that 20 rupees have been deducted, just because you were syncing some data back and forth. So, when the first step obviously is to design a... So, think of a client-server protocol. While developing for Hike, we had these three goals in mind. A communication layer had to be persistent. So, this is a specific requirement for messaging apps, per se. By persistent, we mean when a message is sent, it should be received in near real-time. There should be no gap between establishing a connection and then delivering a message. So, a requirement you need to messaging apps, basically. The second one talked yesterday as well in the keynote. We have to take care of flaky network condition. This is by far the one thing that you should care about when developing for India. And obviously, you have to consume lesser bandwidth. Whatever protocol you choose, think about is it optimized for low bandwidth conditions or not. With all of this in mind, we zeroed in on something called an MQTT protocol. So, it's a protocol for broadcasting and listening. A good thing about this protocol is that its header to message ratio is very, very less. The amount of overhead in terms of bytes used, which is non-message, non-payload, is very, very less. Support something called a public subscribe mechanism wherein each node can subscribe to particular topics of interest and receive messages which are only pertaining to those messages, only pertaining to those topics. And the last one is pretty important. It supports quality of service levels. So, now it recognizes that not all messages are important. So, why to jam the traffic on the network by receiving acknowledgments for the all kinds of messages flowing in the system? We'll talk about this QS levels in a few minutes. So, typical MQTT topology consists of a server and a client component. There could be multiple clients, multiple servers as well. And the protocol works by exchanging a series of control packets. We'll see how these control packets look. This is a typical control packet, having a fixed header, mostly two bytes. And then there are variable headers and payloads. So, these are the 16 kinds of control packets that MQTT supports. There's a connect control packet which the client initiates to establish a connection with the server. There's a corresponding CONAC, which is basically an acknowledgement for the connect control packet. Then this one is pretty important, the publish. This is by far the one that you will use for communicating with the server. So, any payload that you have actually travels on this publish control packet. Corresponding to a publish control packet, there's an acknowledgement. And these series of acknowledgements basically are governed by the QOS, the quality of service level that you sent with the published message. Then down here, there's a subscribe and sub-ac. So, the clients can subscribe to particular topics of interest and receive a corresponding acknowledgement. Then there's unsubscribe. The number 12 here, ping rack, it is pretty important. So, at least from a point of having a persistent connection. So, we'll talk about this in the next few slides, the ping rack and the response. So, this is like a typical flow for a MQTT establish, connecting a client to a server using the MQTT protocol. The client initiates a connection with a connect packet, receives a CONAC, fires a subscribe to a particular topic of interest, receives an acknowledgement back, publishes messages, receives an acknowledgement for those messages, and then finally disconnects. So, this is a typical format that a lot of MQTT-aware systems follow. But we sort of delve into this and figure out where are the bytes that we can still save over this format. We said, let's do away with the subscribe and sub-app and do an auto-subscribe at the server level itself.  But at the scale of 35 million users, you will figure out, it amounts to a huge network traffic that we have avoided. So, the connect request itself makes the server do an auto-subscribe for that client, coming to the QoS levels. So, like I said, MQTT recognizes the fact that not all messages flowing in the system are of equal importance, right? So, there are some messages for which you can use a fire and forget policy, like at most ones. You fire the message and you don't care about whether it's received at the receiving end or not. A typical case where you would use this is, let's say in the chat app, you have the typing notification. The friend is typing something and you receive what is typing notification. So, that is something you can do with the QoS0 because that notification itself is of lesser importance because multiple such notifications are coming back. Then the QoS1, this is by far the one that we use at Hike as well. It guarantees that the message you publish would be received at least once by the receiving end. In our case, it would be the server. It does not guarantee that it won't be received multiple times at least once. Now, there is a QoS2, which is exactly once by a series of acknowledgments flowing between two ends. The QoS2 guarantees that the message is delivered only once. The overhead is that a lot of acknowledgments are flowing back and forth in the system which consumes a lot bandwidth for the user. So, we decided to zero in on QoS1 so that messages are delivered at least once and build logic at the client as well as the server end to flush out the duplicates. So, over and above the MQTT layer, we implemented active and passive term-outs. What happens is to maintain a persistent connection, the client on the device basically would send a Ping Rack message, the number 12 control packet that we have seen. Let's say every 10 minutes, a Ping Rack message is sent if there are obviously no active messages flowing in the system. Now, for the server to still maintain a connection, it will figure out if a Ping Rack message is not received within those X minutes, within those 10 minutes, it will disconnect and fire a GCM push to the client device to wake it up. So, we use GCM push for a fallback mechanism because the network connectivity is flaky. We don't know whether the system has used a half-open socket connection thing. So, we utilize the GCM push which obviously Google and other Android services provide to wake up the clients. This is for passive state when no active messages are being exchanged in the system. When there are active messages, the client is in an active state. I publish a message and because this is like a real-time chat application, we use an aggressive time-out. If within one minute, we don't receive an acknowledgement for a message published, we do a time-out and reconnect at the client end. So, a distribution between passive and active time-outs. So, coming back to the, going forward to the next topic, which is file transfer optimizations. A lot of apps knowing and unknowingly do a lot of file transfers. So, you have a list view containing images, you will be doing a lot of file transfers. Just to give you a context, more than three billion stickers are exchanged every month on Hike Network. So, these stickers are nothing but image files for us internally. The first rule to do file transfer optimization is to avoid when you can. Avoid the transfer at all. The easiest thing, don't load images on on scroll. The user is just scrolling on a device. Just stop the loading of images at that time. He may not be interested on all those views. It's a very simple thing, but a lot of times we just miss it. You can also implement something called an MD5 checksum. So, this is pretty interesting. At the server end, the server maintains a table containing the MD5 of each file being transmitted over the network and a corresponding key. Now, when a client has to transfer a file, it will first, at its own end, calculate the MD5 of the file locally. No server transaction required. Then transfer the MD5 to the server. The server checks in its table, whether this file was anytime recently transmitted over this network. If so, it returns a corresponding key. No file transaction has happened yet. If a key is successfully received by the client, the client fires a published control packet with the key, not the actual file. And the server then processes that message and maybe sends it across to the destination network. So, what this helps us, this MD5 checksum, is to avoid the file transfer at all. Now, in its plain implementation, the table at the server could grow very, very large. I mean, like, three billion messages, three billion stickers are exchanged on the Hike network. So, with each file transfer, we implemented a TTL, a time to live. And whenever a file is reshared again, or forwarded, we increase the TTL. And for files, which are no longer shared, the TTL times out, and those are removed from the table. So, this is pretty helpful for images or messages, basically, that go viral very, very quickly. You can also use a unique ID based mechanism to avoid the file transfer. So, for stickers internally, we have a mapping for each sticker with a corresponding unique ID. And when a client one has to transfer a sticker to client two, it does not transfer the whole file. It just publishes a message with a unique ID to the server. The server passes back of hours that message directly to the client two. Now, client two checks whether there's a corresponding sticker in its own local table, right? In its own local table, and if it is present, it uses that to display to the user. No transfer of sticker has happened in the whole process. If the client, the receiving client does not have the corresponding entry in its table, it will request the server for the file corresponding to its own, for the sticker ID, receive it and display it to the user. And correspondingly, it will also make an entry to its local table. Always transfer based on the destination DPI. So, example, a server is transferring a sticker to a device which is MDPI. No need to send an access DPI device, access DPI image to the device, only to further down sample it to the MDPI resolution. So, all of this means that you'll have to write more code both at the client as well as the server end. But eventually, it saves a lot of bandwidth that is flowing in the system, that is being utilized by the clients. So, in yesterday's keynote, Gulzar talked about how flaky the networks are and whether there are apps which take care of the type of network the user is connected to, whether it's 2G, 3G and Wi-Fi. We at Hike do take care of that. In fact, we have optimized for such networks. So, imagine transferring a 100 MB file which is something that Hike supports. Imagine transferring a 100 MB file to your friend. Now, what happens if the connection, if like 70 MB has already traveled and then the connection breaks? You will have to retransmit the whole file again. It's a huge, huge waste of the bandwidth. So, we divide each file into chunks, various chunks and then transfer these chunks individually to the network. Now, both the client and the server obviously have to maintain a state of the chunks which chunks are received which are not like more, still more code, but eventually if a chunk is lost, we transmit only that chunk. No need to transmit the whole file again. And the interesting part is that even these chunk sizes, these vary based on the kind of network that the device is connected to, right? If it's a 2G network, the chunk sizes are pretty, pretty small, like 32 KB. If the client is connected to a Wi-Fi, we increase the chunk sizes to around one MB. We also experimented with multi-threaded download. So, if one thread is still waiting for an acknowledgement, why not start another thread in parallel to download the remaining part of a file? We are still not done in terms of optimizing. We keep playing with the chunk sizes and now we are experimenting with varying the chunk size at runtime. So, based on the actual speed, instead of saying that we statically determined whether it's a 2G or 3G Wi-Fi, we actually change the chunk size at runtime. So, even if you transfer Wi-Fi, but the speed or there's a packet losses happening in the network, we'll trim down the chunk size. The last part is basically feature optimizations. App decisions at Hype are also based on how to optimize for the network. Can we design features that actually consume lesser bandwidth? As one of the keynotes mentioned yesterday, a lot of users in India switch on and off their data packs. So, you'll go to a college and maybe if there's a break, you will switch on your network, check your messages, and then turn it off. And maybe in the unit, you again turn it on. So, in a chat application like ours, if a lot of your friends have sent you messages during the time your data was off, those keep getting accumulated at the server end.  Each message travels with its own header and have a corresponding acknowledgement for that particular message. We implemented bulk packets, wherein all these messages are actually clipped together and sent as one message to the receiving device. Again, more code at both the server and the client end, but optimizes optimization for the network. Further, you can even Gzip, which we do, you can Gzip the packet itself, if it's more than a certain size, that's a 10 KB or something, and then transmit the bulk packet. So, in a chat application like ours, if you have added another user as a favorite, you can see his last time, like when was this user online last time. A simple way to implement such a stuff is to sort of broadcast each user's connected time across the whole network. We moved into a subscription mechanism rather than a broadcast mechanism, wherein whenever you start a chat, at that time itself will fetch from the user what the online or offline status was. So that helps optimize a lot of packets that would otherwise have flown in the system. So in summary, network optimizing should be your top priority if you're building for India. This is not the target audience, or this is not the only target audience that you should be building for. Think about people who are still experimenting with data. Think about how the network connectivity is flaky in India and optimize for that. Choose a bandwidth optimized network protocol. We use MQTT, Facebook Messenger also uses that. Think about how you can optimize the file transfers. Maybe use MD5 or a unique ID based stuff. Always take care of the resolution that a client device is on. Think of the features that you have implemented and figure out whether optimizations are still possible. I am open to questions now. You spoke about optimizing the image size to reflect the DPI of the target device. Now I have a question here. So I've seen a lot of Pujaris use something like WhatsApp to transmit the text written on the book from one side to the other. So in such a scenario, what would you do? Yeah, so this is interesting. So there are two parts to it. One is an image that you already know of, like stickers in our case, which you already know of, we have already re-sampled to a destination device. Therein, obviously we can use a destination DPI waste. But for images that are user-generated, for example, the Pujari case, we have given an option to the user itself, a user himself or herself, to whether they want to downscale the image or transmit the normal file itself. So because at the time of transmission, the sending guy will not know what the destination DPI of the receiving end is. So in that case, we have given the option to the user. A lot of users now understand that transferring huge files will consume a lot of bandwidth and basically transfer a lot of money for them. So when a pop-up comes up, whether you want to transmit the file in its original resolution versus trim it down, they typically choose a trim down version. I think one of the cases where you can help the user make the decision is to show the files size actually for each of these resolutions. You can say original size would actually be 1MB, trim down version is only 40 KB, and maybe tell them that it would be a faster transmission if you choose a smaller one. But people obviously who are transmitting the whole want to send actually the original image. Maybe they want to, the receiving guy wants to print it somewhere. They will prefer the original size itself. And just letting the user know what all these options are pretty much will help your case. Hi. Hi Kira. Yeah, sorry. Thank you, it was a very good talk. I have two questions. Firstly, as you said that network conditions are very flaky.  So I wanted to know that like, do you have any statistics or something that you can share? How many times does the client the app actually gets through and how many times do failures occur or something like that? So we do have statistics but I don't remember them offline, like off-hand right now. But maybe you can connect to us in the breakout area and sort of we can dwell into it and figure that out. But on a general level, it is pretty, pretty common, more common than we can sort of think of. When we develop in our sort of environment. So Rajat is basically a CTO from Hike. So your question was like how many times we end up making these connections there, correct? So what we have seen is even over a very large user base, we average out around 30 plus connect attempts every day. So that's how many times a person moves in or out of a network. And that's to average out over such a large base. There are outliers which goes like way beyond what you can imagine that like. Hey, follow up from the same question here. So you said 30 reconnect attempts, right? So could you walk through what it takes to sort of reconnect? Is it the same process or the connection? So we talked about passive timeouts and active timeouts. So imagine you are in a half socket connection or the network connection has gone. The server determines that this, the client is no longer reachable and it receives a message for that user. So it will send a GCM push. So there's no way for the server to directly reach the client now. So you bypass the MQTT protocol itself. You send a GCM push, the client awakens and reestablishes the connection. The client understands that whenever you see the GCM push, it means the server no longer has a connection open for me. So let me disconnect and reconnect again. Yeah, so it's a, so it actually will depend on the kind of app you are building. So if you're building a messaging app, you'll actually want a real-time communication to happen. So the other way for this, for the way we could implement it is there's no active connection, right? And anytime a message is received, we'll send a GCM push and the connection happens. But that would mean we lost precious seconds. So if you send to your friend nearby, you know, send a message and he'll receive after five seconds, you'll say this app does not work. So for a messaging app like us, we have to have a persistent connection and that's why there's this requirement. But in a general, if there's no real-time requirement, you may totally avoid the plain rack control packets. Excuse me. Right now I want to thank you for this. Actually, I'm not, yo. I want to thank you about this. But I just want to know how much of your user interface is hybrid? And how you are taking care of multiple platforms? I think it's a great question. So this is something that every app developer sort of struggles here. Our apps are totally native right now because we think that provides the best user experience. If we were to develop a hybrid app, it would obviously mean lesser time to develop, but it will also take away a lot of unique experience that these native sort of provides. So right now our apps are native. We are still experimenting with something called a J2OBJC, if you have heard about it. So it's an open source framework that Google had released. So we are experimenting. We are figuring out, can we share that model part at least, not the view part, but the model part across Android and iOS. That should sort of trim down the development time. But as of now, all our platforms like Windows, Mobile, Windows, iOS and Android are totally native. So do you prefer hybrid? So as I said, until the technology comes up to a level wherein we can effectively give a user experience. Actually my basic idea is to know whether hybrid applications are more better than native or whether native applications are more better than hybrid. So it all goes- Because if I am developing a hybrid chat messenger like Hike, okay. So it will cope up with all the platforms on a single compile. So my basic idea is this. So I understand that. So from a developer's point of view, obviously you will not want to write one code base, right? But if you think of the end user experience, if you develop an HTML, you can still make out, right? Is this a web view or not? We certainly use web views in our app wherein we think that the content is very, very dynamic. For example, the rewards. We sort of provide rewards to the user to invite others and stuff like that. So all those pages are still web views because those things are not part of the code missing app. Having said that, we are experimenting on that as well. We're figuring out where is the HTML technology. Can we utilize something there to build things in future? Rajat, can you answer that? What is the backend technology that we use as a server? Yes. There are array of technologies. So like what we've done is our front, like the place where your connection terminates is based on HAProxy. So that's our load balancing layer there. Behind that, as Parish mentioned that we use MQTT as a protocol. So we looked at implementations of MQTT server, could not find one which meets our requirements and can scale up to us. So we wrote our own MQTT server. It's a purely Java-based server there. We use JMS, Hornet Queue Implementation for inter-machine communication. For storage, we use MongoDB at some places, batch-based, some places SQL as well, MySQL as well. And we use Redis a lot for our caching layers there. To the extent that our Redis clusters, some of them run at 250,000 operations per second. So a lot of open source. So like as any other startup, we are- You have never adopted for Erlang. So see, it was again like Erlang we could have used for the connection termination. And I know that we could have written less code to achieve that. It was a choice based on what experience was available in terms of our developer talent here. And we said that we'll fix it and we'll go with what we have, optimize it to the best. Currently, each of our machines are 32 GB box, holds up to 700,000 connections. So yes, like our targets are still high to say that how do we take it to million or million plus connections? Erlang could have given some leeway there, but that was like how the development experience was available there. So a choice was governed by that as well. Thank you. Hello sir. My question here is, what is the privacy level of FIKE? Basically. So we started with like, so if you see the initial versions of FIKE, we were actually the first time we said that we'll honor and we'll give you way more privacy control than any other app. So WhatsApp has that problem, has earlier the problem of saying that anybody can see your last scene. So Hike had a concept of that, yes, you have people talking to you on Hike, but then you have friends to whom you want to restrict that only these people should be able to see your last scene. That was our effort on privacy. We went a level ahead to say that sometimes, like again, when we say building for India, we actually see what the circumstances are. So in India, we share mobiles, correct? And there is a lot of communication that you will not like anyone else to see. So we came up with this concept of stealth chats or hidden chats there. You can easily mark a chat as hidden and as soon as an app goes into background or you can just at a click of it hide your chats there. So Hike remains the same minus few of your personal chats there. So we have given kind of options to say that what kind of privacy you want to control. Whom do you want to show your picture? The display pick to your friends or no one or everyone. So we have given those controls and our default is like go for more privacy than less. So by default, your last scene only goes to your favorites, the people who have you exclusively given access to. So by giving, by marking up a person as friend, you are telling me that, okay, share my last scene with it, share my profile pic with it. But by default, we are saying that we'll not go with everyone but we'll go with this thing. And most of the other apps go the reverse way to say broadcast to everyone and then you have to restrict stop, stop, stop, stop. We say the reverse way there. Hi. Yeah. So one more question regarding MQTT. Yeah. So as I understand it works on top of the TCP IP stack. Yeah. So it works on TCP. So obviously there is some bit of reliability built into it, right? So I don't know much about MQTT. So how is it actually, you know, what is the control flow in which it guarantees liability and what is your experience in implementing it on Android? Is it heavy weight? And do you have to import any other libraries or how is it? Great. Great question. So first thing first, MQTT sits above the TCP layer, right? It's an application protocol. It does not care whether like TCP or IP is used underneath. Obviously TCP guarantees that the individual packets are actually being received by the other end. But what in case the application layer guarantees that even if the data is sort of switched off or the other end is not reachable, I'll retry later on. So that is the reason behind QoS1 and QoS2. So even though TCP is providing that reliability, but at the application layer also, we need to have these controls which MQTT provides. At the Android level, we implemented MQTT protocol using a library from Eclipse called PAHO. And we customized this library to suit our needs in terms of the buffers and everything that we should be using. But we went ahead with PAHO. There are no power consumption issues or something like that. So this is the best we can get. So if you use some other protocol like XMPP or something, they have a lot of overhead. MQTT was specifically designed for low bandwidth consumption and flaky networks. So originally it was developed for IoT, like Internet of Things stuff. So there would be sensors who would be using MQTT inside them and transferring that thing. But now it has come over to these mobile devices because we face the same issues. Right, right. Thank you. Testing strategy. So we have developed automation suites for each of these platforms. And obviously we test manually. But more and more of our test cases are now done through automated test scripts. For example, whenever a build is created, whenever a build is created, an automation test will run over all that code that has been checked in and figure out whether something has broken or not. For example, a lot of users, sometimes in India, don't upgrade. So we have to figure out what the upgrade path is, whether there are any kind of issues when users from previous version, even from the version one, if they are upgrading, are there any issues they are facing? So all of that is actually being run through automated tests because at this scale, the manual testing will fail. There are so many cases that you have to handle. Right now, we have separate build systems as well as separate test suites. But there are efforts going, even in the testing automation stuff, to unite all these and figure out where can we utilize from each of these. And not only that, we have not only feature automation, but automation for battery consumption, all those things are also taken care. And if we have Nitesh here, so he's reading our testing automation framework. So you can catch all of us in the breakout area and maybe Chad will sort of give you the details on all of these things individually, like go deeper in all of these things as well. Hello. Yeah. Yeah. So are you guys using, on top of MQTT, are you guys using any kind of encryption or is it done in plain text? So MQTT is sort of unaware of any encryption protocol that you can use. We have provided an encryption option to our users using SSL. So if they want to encrypt their chats or anything, so they can use this SSL option by going into some menu and sort of encrypt the conversion that are happening. So it's done before giving it to MQTT, the data package. After. So there's IP, TCP, and then SSL, and then MQTT. All right, thank you. Folks, please proceed to the speaker lounge or download the talk funnel app to ask some more question and answers to Parish.


My name is Hector Ruiz. I'm the owner of Ruiz Protective Service. It's a fairly large company in Dallas, Texas that specializes in security guard services, polygraph testing, and now eye-detect. We've been in business since 1982. At that time, I left the FBI when the dream was starting a business, and I did. And my first business was a polygraph business. I've always embraced technology. I love advancements in our field, although they've been slow to come in polygraph. And then along came eye-detect. And this represented not a step, but a leap in the technology available for the detection of deception. Once I became convinced that it worked and it was viable, and that it probably represented this leap that I had hoped for in technology in our field, I decided to go into it full-board. In fact, so much so that I became an investor in the company. Our problem in the U.S. has been that the polygraph community has been a little bit afraid of this new technology, but honestly, I saw the same thing happen when we went from mechanized instruments to computerized systems, DOS-based pioneer. And we had to really work hard to convince examiners that this was a good idea. Finally, they accepted it. And once they accepted it, everyone loved it. And then we went to Windows-based computers, and that was another battle. And once we convinced them, now everybody thinks that's the only thing they should use, and now we have this new technology. And it's going to take a while for them to fully embrace it, but once they do, I believe this will be the standard.