Welcome back. We dive straight into our first conversation right here on the Breakfast Central Bank of Nigeria on Sunday as you all know extended the deadline for the swapping of the old narrow notes with the redesigned new narrow notes till February 10, 2023. In a press conference, or rather a press release, the CBN governor, Corinne Nefili, is quoted as saying the apex bank added quote, a 10-day extension of the deadline from January 31, 2023 to February 10, 2023 to allow for the collection of more old notes. He also noted that Nigerians would still be able to deposit their old notes directly with the central bank of Nigeria until February 17, described as quote, a grace period. Now there has been pressure from many quarters from Nigerians and groups around the country concerning the initial January 31 deadline for the validity of the old narrow notes as the scarcity of the newly designed 200, 500 and 1000 narrow notes prevailed around the country. Crowds have thronged the banking halls to beat the deadline with some commercial banks remaining open through the weekend. Joining us this morning for analysis on this, we have Hussain K. or Larry Wajah, who is an economist, particularly he's the chief national chief aggregating after association of mobile money and back agents of Nigeria, in Nigeria, Amman. Hussain, good morning to you. Thank you very much for your time. Good morning. Did this extension come to you as a surprise? And are you disappointed or are you happy to see that the CBN has gone ahead to do what it said it wouldn't do just recently as recently as Thursday? So I'm not surprised because we need to work with reality. I believe the extension is needed. As we can see, the CBN record shows that if Nigerians do not see a deadline, we don't see urgency in making things up or making things work. It has been 90 days for us to bring in the old notes, but we can see that it is towards the end that we see the rush. So the extension is needed and the record shows that so far the CBN has been able to bring back 75% of the money, which is outside the banking vaults. We left with 25%. Let's see what that can do. It's a work on development and it's expected because we are trying in Nigeria. We don't have that same facility that could enable us to get things done within that short period of time. But it's necessary that it is done. But I'd like us to also look at the consent of the House of Reps. They have rejected this extension and making reference to section 20, subsection 2, 3 of the CBN Act. What do you make of this? When it comes to financial matters, I believe the CBN has constitutional authority to do things that best work for the economy. And don't let us forget the fact that if CBN brings out a policy that is meant to strengthen the value of the economy and they go back and trick it again, what it means is even from a direct investment, people will question their action, that credibility of what they are expected to do. And mind you, there is always monthly monetary policy committee review. There are service meetings before they can come out to say this is what we intend to achieve. For me, I think the House are sketched, you know, I could say some of them are probably serving or retired, have been stocking this money in the House. So I am seeing more of a personal sentiment playing out about their position in what we have today. I think there are not many matters it is, and that has been the arguments they have been hiding under. Okay, you have another question? Yes, it's just a follow-up to this conversation. I mean, if you look at the Act, I really don't know if you have looked at this section that the House of Reps. have made reference to section 20, subsection 3, 4 and 5 of the Act, that was CBN Act, and it speaks to authority. It also speaks to acceptance. There are several issues as well as this. I like us to talk more about it. Do you think that this is a very valid stance for, don't forget that, I mean, we are not in a jungle. The rule of law must be respected. So do you think that the CBN governor and the CBN servers acted in accordance with the provision of the law? So when it comes to the law, like Nigerian constitution can actually be interpreted to suit the situation they want to suit, right? But constitutionally, I believe the responsibility of the House is to scrutinize who is being presented to head or to lead firms like CBN. And when it comes to the authority of the economy, I believe the President has more power, executive power, to make things happen. Because if we are talking about the growth, the reality of what the impact of all this policy will come to be, it will definitely hit back more to the executive than the legislative. So they can tweak it to fit what actually fit them. If the best they have to do, they've done it, which is to invite the CBN governor, which he was able to represent by the Deputy CBN governor to explain the reason why this kind of policy has been put in place and the effects on the economy. So I think that is their jurisdiction. They should work with that. Interesting. It could have been predicted and it was predicted by a lot of people, myself inclusive. And you said yourself that you weren't surprised with this extension. Looking at the antecedent of the CBN, throughout this Naira swap and also cash withdrawal policy deadline or limits, they kept changing and shifting and adjusting and extending. So a lot of people could predict that they were going to extend this deadline. Even though Gaudi Mifili addressed the press conference saying he is sorry to disappoint Nigerians, he apologizes, but there is no going back. Do you think the CBN went about this the right way? Bearing in mind, the rush, you said we were in the last minute, but you know that the commercial banks opened through the weekend. A lot of staff went to work for going their weekend off days and they were at work when they were greeted on the head. Some of the bank workers said they were highly disappointed because they left their two days off to go sit in the banking hall, sacrifice those days just to make sure that they got the job done. Also, we have some business people who are lamenting saying they rejected the Naira notes on Sunday because they did not want to be caught off guard when they went to the bank. Maybe they'll be in a queue and the deadline will pass and all that. So should the bank, the Apex Bank, have gone about this a different way ahead of time? If you know you're going to extend this thing, at least on Friday, tell Nigerians, okay, we're extending it by 12 days instead of waiting until the last minute. So it's funny, like you said, I'm not really surprised, but you see the attitude of Nigerians has to change. It's very difficult and there are things that you need to put in place to not let them feel relaxed. So I believe it's a timing extension and yes, it's not going to go well with the workers of the bank. Yes, it's not going to go well with the general public, but the interesting part of it is people are forced to do the needful. And I could tell you it really affected a lot of amendments that we are also seeking looking at it from the position level because the agents who are meant to serve the URA areas, the Naira Bank, are not really well categorized to even participate. Yes, they drink a cash swap and what a view. So there are a lot of people in the URA areas who are also caught out. I can tell you that there are a lot of policy amendments that needs to be looked into, like the cash swap program started on the 23rd of January, which is very close, just like selling this to the end of the initial deadline. So there are a lot of pressure. Yes, we are not going to lie about the fact that it's not convenient. It's tiring, but to be told, Nigerians, the best way to make things work in Nigeria is to enforce and to make things a little bit revealed first before we can change, before we can move to do the needful. I think that's what does play out. That's what I can see from my end. I like you to speak to this school of thoughts. It's making the rounds and it might also become a reality, especially when the CBN governor has not spoken to that or the CBN itself has not addressed this issue of non-availability. Now, you have a school of thought that says that the reason why you have this cash, the new Naira note, not available is because politicians have been in bed with bank managers and that's why it's not available. So you have politicians and bank managers who have come to some sort of consensus and have gone to buy this note and that's why you don't have that in circulation. Which also stated that there was also a report back to the president by CBN governor and that's why we are having the back and forth, the scarcity of the new note. What do you make of this? Well, like you said, it's more like a rumor and the reality is, I was part of the international production inclusion week held in November last year and the CBN governor categorically states that the new Naira design note, most especially the higher domination, the less of 500, 1000 Naira note, will be limited in terms of printing and it is a deliberate act. And also, the CBN governor said that after the deadline, the ATM machine are to be loaded with 200 Naira maximum, that is highest domination note on all ATM machines. So what they are trying to do is to ensure that the cash that are being stored in the house are not taking back to the economy, like return back, then you will not start looking for it again. And for me, in reality, is a good policy. So what this will help us to achieve is to track corruption to address the issue of insecurity because ransom are paid with higher domination of Naira notes. So if we don't have record, when cash is exchanged, there is lots of data and that is a concern for any serious economy or any serious society, because you don't know how to track, if you want to do security concern, you want to track who does this, how, when, you don't have data, data is lost. So what is trying to achieve is to ensure that we have every of the Naira notes, or every of our currency monitored, such that if there is any insecurity, any funding for terrorism, corruption, laundry and stuff like that can easily be cited. So it's a welcome development, but again, I say the policy needs some little amendments to entertain some realities. Like I give you an example, when you say the maximum you can withdraw on a purest machine is 20,000. With the reality of things like cost of rise, for example, is like 40, 46,000 Naira. So are you saying you have to pay three, four times if you are to pay with your ATM card? So this is not working with the reality in the market as of today. So there are a little bit of adjustments that needs to be done on this policy. But for saying the Arab nation, it's a deliberate action and it is a welcome development. If we truly want to move ahead from where we used to be, to where we ought and expected to be. What are your thoughts on the roles the commercial banks are playing in all of this? Because I mean, yes, we always talk about the central bank of Nigeria. But the central bank has said a number of times that they have made sufficient supply of the new Naira nodes available to the commercial banks and that they expect the banks to give these out. And I mean, we've seen the reports of some staff of the commercial of the central bank of Nigeria going to banks, to query the banks and to inspect and to find out why people are complaining of unavailability of the new Naira nodes at the ATMs and so on and so forth. We've also seen viral videos of people being given preferential treatment in the cash swap at the banks. What are your thoughts on the role of the commercial banks? Because as it stands, the central bank is saying they've actually handed these videos over to the EFCC and ICPC and they are requesting that the EFCC and ICPC deploy their personnel to the commercial banks over the next 10 days to ensure that there is fairness and equitable distribution of these new Naira nodes. So what are your thoughts on the role of these commercial banks? Because we've also seen videos of people in this country spraying, like we call it, the new Naira nodes, even in bundles, we've had reports of those who normally sell mint, mint, new Naira nodes, selling them at the central business district in Lagos and outside event centers in Lagos. How are they getting their hands on these nodes when the majority of people are complaining they do not have access to the new Naira nodes? So thank you. Like I said earlier, the new Naira node is limited. Most surely when it comes to the higher donation, I can say in some states they get their location very late. However, the CBN governor also noted that it has been noticed across the country that some preferential treatment are given to some individuals who are withdrawing over the counter. And in response to that, the CBN also sent a notification, a memo out that over the counter withdrawal should be stopped for new Naira nodes. And also in response to that, the CBN governor also accredited like 30,000 agents, registered on that different super agents network across the country to participate in the cash swap. I think these are the developments that came around in January 23 to curb the excesses of the ban. Yes, people are doing favoritism, Nigeria, which is not good. So to cut that excesses, they come up with another homework, get 30,000 people to go to the internment, which are the more rural areas to do the cash swap, stop over the counter transactions, and then I can confirm to you that part of agents network that are being in this, we have ICPC, ESPC or Grant monitoring the situation put in bank and on field. Because even those who are doing cash swap as individuals, they are not allowed to do more than 10,000 per individual withdrawal per day with the cash swap. So there are some processes to the cash swap. So I believe the CBN is trying to respond as quick as possible. So do you agree that the commercial banks are largely responsible for the so-called scarcity of the new Naira notes? I want to disagree because the new Naira note is also be hinted in print. And as they are getting their allocation, I believe they are also loading the ATM machine. So the allocation is not as I expected from the populace. I really don't know how that's the case. I mean, this is not a picture that we're trying to paint from, let's say Iraq or Ukraine right there. We're not trying to tell a story or telling something that's happening. It's firsthand every other time. I mean, there's a bank disclosed to this office. If I walking there, two things I would experience this morning. I might get money and the kind of money I will get will be the old notes or the problem will not be dispensing at the time. Now we have seen just like Kofi had mentioned, people who are throwing this note. You find people, we've seen actresses who married to politicians putting out this note. They are showing it. Oh, my husband gave me XYZ. There are new notes. You go to the parties, you find people, these vendors selling new notes. They have means. We hear of the stories. People buy it. They pay so much to get this note. So I really don't know if it's mostly the case that it's not the commercial banks that are responsible for this. I don't know how we explain all of that because we know that these notes have been chunked out into the system. But along the line, there's been a compromise. But I'd like you to speak to this just quickly. This might just be the last one. Because we don't have time. Exactly. What becomes of our economy if we don't have? I mean, I'd like you to paint a picture of what kind of economy we'll be experiencing where we have the new notes not in circulation. And then we are going to, you know, get to the point where the old notes will no longer become legal tender. What exactly is going to happen to us? None availability of the new note and meeting the deadline of the old notes. Thank you. What I'm saying is before January 23rd, yes, people have had the opportunity to do over the counter withdrawals and do based on probably SSS of the bank staffs and what are due to get this note. But it is a response to this reality that the CBN came up with the restriction of over the counter withdrawals should be stopped, of course. And since then, it has reduced. And since then you can see before January 23rd, there are very limited bands who have access to this cash or have even loaded the ATM machine with the new notes. You see, you still see them loading the old notes, right? So after this, you can see that there is improvement is not readily available. I can confirm to you, like Ocean State, as at 1SD, out of those agents that are expected to do the cash swap, the bank manager or some banks are confirmed. They have not even received allocation. They received allocation late on 1SD. So it is not readily available in some locations, right? So I believe it's an ongoing process and there is need for improvement to ensure things work out as expected. All right. Very interesting conversation with you this morning and Hussain. We hope to have you again soon on the program. We appreciate your time. Hussain Olaari Wajiri is an economist and also the National Chief Aggregating Officer of the Association of Mobile Money and Bank Agents of Nigeria. I appreciate it. I don't know if you're one of the super agents. I don't know if also the POS operators have something to do with your association. But you seem to have a bit chill about everything. So I'm sure that there is no complaint, no cause for alarm from your end. There is actually a complaint because the limitation for individuals is what is also given to an agent. So they're asking an agent to serve those 50 people in a week. And once he serves the 50 people in a week, he should go and sleep. Yes. He will work on it, pay penalty of 5%, 3%, you know, or whatever. We have to go. That will definitely impact on the population. Maybe you have to just go pay a cut to call on the central bank government. We'll be there. We'll be there and we'll keep talking. All right. Fantastic. Thank you very much for your time. And that's the size of that discussion up next. We'll be having a look at the fact that the federal government of Nigeria, most of all that's happening is allotting 1.18 billion now for autonomy rather in Nigerian investors. What's up with that? We'll be right back. Stick with us.


Hi, what's up, you guys? This is your girl, PicPit Trippin and welcome back again to my YouTube channel. So today, our tutorial will be about oversized bomber jacket pattern making. So this is the first tutorial for our Advanced Pattern Making series and finally, we are doing it! Anyways, you guys, get your materials ready and let's get this tutorial started! So these are the materials that you'll be needing for this tutorial.   Make it sure that your underarm side seam on your front and on your back bodice are aligned. Don't forget to mark all of the notches, the important notches, like for example, your waistline, your bustline, and your chestline. It is important that you mark all of these notches because you are going to use this for your sewing and of course for cutting your patterns onto your fabric. Trace everything, trace everything. So after we trace the front and the back bodice, we are going to move on to reshaping your neckline. On the upper right corner of your front bodice, on the neckline, we are going to mark down one inch and we are going to reshape it using your armhole curve. Next, on the underarm side seam on the front and on the back, we are going to mark down one inch and we are going to reshape it all the way to your front and back armhole.  Make it sure to get the measurement of the zipper. We will depend on the length of the zipper for the length of your jacket. So for example, my measurement is 17.68 and that will be the length of my jacket. Here I am marking the measurement all the way from the neckline going down and mark it, don't forget to mark it, to your hemline. Of course that is also until your back pattern. So let's move on to the top section of your pattern, which is your shoulder length. On each shoulder length of your front and your back pattern, locate the half and mark it. On the half mark of your shoulder length, draw a vertical line going down to your hemline and you should also do this on your back pattern.  After cutting all of the panels, make it sure that you label it because you will get confused if you don't. So the next procedure is how we make the bummer jacket over side.  The next thing that you will do, you will attach the first panel, whichever panel you like using a masking tape. Attach it all the way down to the hemline. So after you attach the first panel onto the paper, we are going to mark out two inches from the panel. Make it sure that everything is marked out and after that we are going to draw a vertical line. This vertical line is for the other side of your panel. This is where we are going to attach the second panel of your pattern. After drawing the vertical line, we will attach your second panel and there you go. Now you have your oversized pattern. So let's just attach it using your masking tape and draw all of the lines like for example here. I'm drawing the hemline. Since we added two inches on your bodice to make it oversized, your shoulder length measurement changed. So from the tip of your shoulder length and from the tip of your neck, we are going to make a new length. So don't forget to get the measurement of your new shoulder length. So my shoulder length before was 6 1 8 and because I added two inches for oversized, it became 8 1 8. So there you go, record it and later we are going to use it for your back pattern. So the procedure for your back pattern is also the same with your front pattern. Attach your first panel to a piece of paper, mark out two inches from the first panel, draw a vertical line and attach your second panel to it. And then after that, of course, let's reshape your shoulder length and it should also be the same measurement with your front pattern. So the next procedure is mark out three inches from the hemline. I am sorry guys, I lost the file but I'm going to pause the video and I am going to put the measurements and how to draft the lines for your ribbing or for your waistband. First, mark up three inches from the hemline for the front and for the back bodice. After marking the three inches, you are going to draw a horizontal line. This will be for your waistband or for the ribbing. Next step is we are going to decrease your waistband by three inches. So let's mark in three inches from the side seam for both back and front bodice.  So let's move on by drafting your inset. At the lower right corner of your front pattern, we are going to mark in 3, 4, 8 or 3.5 inches. So this is your inset.  So there you go. That's your inset that little square on the lower right corner of your pattern. Make it sure to label it and on the bottom part, you are going to cut this on unfold. Label the front waistband and label it on hold. Label the back waistband and also label it on unfold. Next, cut the back waistband and the front waistband from the pattern. Connect the two waistband together making a one piece waistband for your bomber jacket pattern. Cut the inset from your waistband and later we are going to put the sewing allowances for all of this. Okay, so let's move on to the next procedure. Next, we are going to trap your lining and your facing for your front pattern. On your shoulder length, we are going to mark in 3 inches and this 3 inches will determine your drafting for your facing for the front pattern. Get your curve ruler and we are going to curve all the way down to the hemline. There's no particular calculations for this one. Just make sure that you have a curve ruler and we are going to use the 3 inches mark as a guide to make our facing for our front pattern. So let's move on now to your back facing and your back lining. On your neckline, we will mark down and mark all around 3 inches and this will be the mark for your facing and for your lining. Using your armhole curve, we are going to shape all of the marks and that will be your finished product for your back facing and also for your back lining. So this is your back and front facing and lining. So the next thing that we are going to do, we are going to first get our front pattern and we are going to trace off the front facing and the front lining for our bomber jacket. When putting an allowance to your facing and to your lining, make it sure that you have 4 eighths all around of sewing allowance except for the neckline and for the armhole. For the armhole and for the neckline, you are going to use 3 eighths inches of sewing allowance.  As usual, we will use the same sewing allowance for eighths all around except for the armhole and for the neckline. On the neckline and on the armhole, we will use 3 eighths inches for sewing allowance. So on your back lining at the center back, we are going to put an allowance of 4 eighths instead of putting it on unfold. So we are going to make another seam here on this part. I'm sorry you guys, I'm really really sorry. It's a mistake but anyways, we are finished and here you go.  So we're done with all of them and yeah, let's move on and let's go to the next step. Next is your pocket location. So on the angle or on the corner of your underarm side seam and on the waistline, we are going to drop a diagonal line and on the diagonal line on the angle, we are going to mark up 3 4 eighths after marking the 3 4 eighths. We are going to mark in those 6 4 eighths inches. This will be the opening for your pocket on the 6 4 eighths mark or your opening. I am marking down one inch. This is the size of your wealth pocket. I am just going to use this as a guideline for drafting my pockets for my bomber jacket. This will serve as a guideline for me to draft my pocket and I am going to use my curve or my armhole curve and I'm not going to put my pocket not until the inset. I am going to make sure that there's a little bit of space on the inset mark. There's no computations with drafting your pocket but I advise you guys to have your own ruler like this one with the armhole because it helps me a lot to shape my pocket and I just made it sure that it can fit a lot of things inside. So there you go and just curve it all the way down to your hemline or the waistline. Next, trace off your pocket from your pattern using another pattern paper. So let's trace it using your tracing wheel. And then after you trace your pocket, we are going to put 4 eighths allowance on the top and on the bottom and on each side we are going to put 5 eighths inches of allowance. So we are now going to draft our wealth pocket. First, draft a horizontal line and a vertical line. On the horizontal line, we are going to mark down one inch. We are going to mark in 6 4 eighths inches which is the width of your opening for your pocket. And here I am just drafting all of the sewing allowance that I'll be using and this is 5 eighths and 4 eighths on top and another 5 eighths on the other side. And then I am going to draft another 1 inch making your wealth pocket 2 inches in height. But don't worry, we will fold it when we are going to sew your bomber jacket or your pocket for your bomber jacket. Here I am just completing all of the allowance test and there you go, that's your wealth pocket for your bomber jacket. If you haven't watched my wealth pocket tutorial yet, I am going to put the link on top.  So let's move on to the next step. Next, we are going to move on to your bomber jacket collar. So the first thing that we are going to do, we are going to trace your front neckline to a piece of paper. Don't forget to put marks on the center front and on the shoulder length of your front pattern. So next, get the measurement of your back neckline. So here I am just using my facing as a reference for the measurement of my back neckline. So after you get the measurements from your back neckline, you can now start drafting your collar. On the mark of the shoulder length, you are going to extend a horizontal line. This horizontal line is for your back neckline. And after that, you are going to extend a vertical line on the shoulder length mark. And from this vertical line on the shoulder length, you are going to mark out your back neckline, which is for me, it's 458. Just mark it out. And after marking it out, you are going to draft or draw a vertical line. Label the back neckline and label the front front neckline. From the back neckline, you are going to mark up to 48 inches. You are going to mark this line, not until the shoulder length. This will be your guideline for your line going to the center front for your collar. There you go. And then just make a line going to the center front. And that is your collar. For the sewing allowance for your collar, you are going to put 4 eighths on the center back, 3 eighths on the neckline, and keep it on unfold on the top part. Next is for the pattern for your zipper fly.  On the bottom part of your inset, mark it. And on your front neckline, mark it as well. This is the length of your zipper, and it also has the same length for your zipper fly. So now we are going to draft a vertical line with the marks that you made from the neckline going to the inset. And from the vertical line, we are going to mark out 2 inches. So after marking the 2 inches out from your vertical line, you are going to draft again another vertical line. And you are going to measure out the same length of the first vertical line, which is 17, 6 eighths. And after that, you are going to mark in 1 eighths on the top of your zipper fly for allowance. So now let's try your zipper on your zipper fly. So this is how it will look like. Your zipper fly will protect you from zipping up and zipping down your zipper. And it's also a good design for your bomber jacket. Next on the angle, you are going to mark in 2 eighths. Using your armhole curve, you are going to curve it. And you're also going to do the same thing on the other side. So the sewing allowance for your zipper fly will be 4 eighths inches. That is all around your zipper fly. And there you go. You're finished with your zipper fly. And let's move on to your next pattern. The next pattern is your back and front yoke. First, connect the two patterns, your back and front patterns, on the shoulder length using your masking tape. Connect it on a piece of paper. And make it sure there's no space in between both shoulder lengths. From your neck base on your shoulder length, on your front pattern, you are going to mark down 2 fourth eighths inches. And on your front shoulder length along your armhole, you are going to mark down 3 fourth eighths inches. After marking the marks on the front neckline and on the front armhole, connect these two marks making a diagonal line and this will be your front yoke. For your back yoke, simply mark down 4 fourth eighths inches from your back neckline. And make it sure that you mark this measurement.  And this will be your back yoke. Cut your yoke pattern from your front and back pattern and this is it. Label it on unfold, don't forget. And this will be your yoke for your bomber jacket. Also on your back pattern, you should also put it on unfold. So the next step is we are going to put pleats on your back pattern. So here I am going to mark 2 inches from my center back. And after marking it, I am going to draw a vertical line. And from this new vertical line, I am going to mark in 1 fourth eighths inches. And on this mark, I am going to draw another vertical line. So this line will determine your pleats for your back pattern. So I'm going to cut through this line, but not cutting all the way through your pattern. Next get a piece of paper and put your pattern on top of the paper. And we are going to attach your pattern to the piece of paper using your masking tape. Here I am attaching the first vertical line on the paper. After attaching, you are going to mark out 1 2 eighths from the first vertical line. This 1 2 eighths is the opening for the pleat. After marking out the 1 2 eighths opening for the pleat, you are going to attach the pattern. For the second pleat, you are also going to do the same procedure at the first pleat. So the opening is 1 2 eighths. And then after marking the 1 2 eighths opening, you are going to attach all of the patterns. And there you go. That is your pleating for your back pattern. So this technique is called slash and spread. Next you are just going to true or smooth the lines on your back pattern. And make sure to put notches on your pleats. So don't forget to put notches on your back yoke for the pleat of your back pattern. So from the center back, it's 2 inches and after 2 inches, it's 1 4 eighths. There you go and we can try pleating your pattern to the back yoke. And that's it, you are ready to put all of the sewing allowances for your back pattern and for your front pattern and for your yoke pattern. So as you guys can see, I already finished the sewing allowances for the pattern. So I used 4 eighths or half inch of sewing allowances or seam allowances. So please don't forget to put notches on your pattern so you guys won't get confused while you're sewing all of this once you've cut it from the fabric. Here it is, the inset, your waistband and your front and back pattern and the yoke. Okay, so we're finished with this step and we should move on to the sleeves pattern. So let's move on to your sleeves pattern. So what I have here is an old pattern block but I don't use it anymore because the sleeves cap is not accurate. But I am just tracing everything except for the sleeve cap and I'm marking the center and marking everything except for the sleeve cap because I have a pattern for a sleeve cap that is very accurate for the armhole. If you guys haven't watched my sleeves pattern tutorial yet, I am going to put the link here on top. And I'm also going to notch the center of the sleeve cap and I'm going to draft my new technique for the sleeves pattern. After drafting your sleeves, you will drop down one inch from both of your side seams of the sleeves. And after that, you will reshape it using your armhole curve. So let's move on for your wristband pattern. So on the sleeves hemline, you are going to drop down or mark down three inches. And on the sleeve side seams, you are going to mark in three inches. And after that, complete all of the lines for your wristband. So don't forget the label. The right side is the front and the left side is the back. So you're done with your sleeves pattern and your wristband. So the only thing missing here is sewing allowance. So don't forget on the sleeve cap, you are going to put three-eighths inches of allowance. And all around you are going to put four-eighths inches of allowance. And on your wristband, you are going to put it on fold on the bottom part and four-eighths inches of sewing allowance all around. And also, don't forget that the sleeves is for the self and the lining itself. Yay! We're done! Et voilà! So these are all of the finished pieces that we did today. I know guys, it's overwhelming to see a lot of pieces, but without all of these pieces, you won't be able to construct or to sew your bomber jacket. But anyways, these are everything. These are all of the patterns that we made today. And I am so glad that we have finished every single pattern. Anyways, you guys, if you like this video, give it a huge thumbs up. If you are not subscribed yet to my YouTube channel, Brit Bit Trippin, please hit that subscribe button and that bell button as well. And I will see you guys on the next tutorial for bomber jacket sewing. Bye guys, I'll see you guys again.


The responsibilities of health care providers in times of conflict are basically the same as in time of peace. The problem of the conflict situation is that it is much more difficult sometimes to implement. Health care providers can be confronted to dilemmas. I usually say that health care personnel have the right not to be neutral, they have the right to be part of the government or part of the opposition, but the day they have to treat patients they have to be impartial. Authorities have the duty to give the possibility to health care providers to work safely and independently according to medical ethics principles. For instance, in some countries bullet injuries have to be declared to the Ministry of Public Health. And this is fine as long as the health care provider is sure that the patient is not going to be taken out of the hospital just because he's been declared with a bullet injury. So this means that confidentiality becomes an important and essential part of the work of health care providers in times of conflict or any other emergency. Patients are not protected from the law as such in their country, but they need to be treated properly. Well, I think sometimes health care personnel need to know about their rights because they need to be able to challenge their authorities. They need to challenge the direction of the hospital. They need to challenge also families, armed groups to tell them if you wish us to achieve what we have to achieve, then you need to make sure that we can work independently and impartially. Doctors, nurses, anyone working in a hospital needs to be able to know and to make it known that any patient arriving to the hospital has the right to health and any health care personnel working in a hospital has the right to work properly.


Welcome to panel two on Pathways to Decarbonization, the role of technology and science. My name is Marilyn Brown, and I'm the Brook Byers Professor of Sustainable Systems at the Georgia Institute of Technology. And I'm also in my second term as a presidential appointee to the board of directors of the Tennessee Valley Authority, the nation's largest public power provider. So I have a few, where a few hats. So in keeping with the theme of this year's C3E symposium, The Role of Women, Internationally and Decarbonizing Our Energy Future, our panelists are three women who are global leaders in clean energy. We have Peng Chen, first, on my left, a professor at the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and an expert in hydrogen storage for mobile applications. She is also an international C3E ambassador. Healy Antila is the chief technology officer of the Fortum Corporation, headquartered in Finland, and is an expert on grid integration, particularly of large scale renewables, but also demand side management. And she too is an international ambassador for clean energy. And finally, we have rounding out the panelist, Wanda Reeder, who is the chief strategy officer of SNC Electric Company in Chicago, and a member of the National Academy of Engineering. She has also served with me on the Department of Energy's Electricity Advisory Committee, and she launched the IEEE Smart Grid, which enjoys over 90,000 followers. I'm just picking a little pieces of their bios out. We could go on much, much longer, but incredible women here to talk with us. So C3E came about from a recognition of the many subtle and nuanced ways that women's participation in the field of energy science and technology is challenged. While women have made many strides in clean energy science and technology, the innovation ecosystem is flawed. It's not taking full advantage of our capacities. And as Rebecca Pearl Martinez said, all hands are not yet on deck. The establishment of C3E is grounded in a commitment to close this gender gap to empower women to overcome these barriers. And I had wanted to begin my few remarks with a couple of personal anecdotes to provide some context for perhaps how we've gotten to where we are in terms of seeing so few women of power in the United States entering a rising tide of up and comers here in the room. But what was it about this innovation ecosystem that made it so difficult when I was coming through? And you might be able to reflect on some of these and thinking about your own careers. So first, when I was a PhD student at the Ohio State University, I was a modeler, a mathematical quantitative social scientist and policy analyst. So I was modeling the diffusion of energy innovations. It was post-Arab oil embargo. And I wanted to see what we could do to try to displace our reliance on petroleum fuels. And I wanted to get my PhD. I kept coming across comments from both professors and friends and family that the state of Ohio spending its presidential four-year dissertation fellowships on me was a very big risk because I was probably just going to go get married and have children, right? OK, so I persisted. I didn't have any children at that point. So it wasn't a problem. But we need to be ready with clear answers. And today, it's certainly easier to get your PhD and have children, as has certainly happened with my PhD students. So then I go to take an assistant professorship position at the University of Illinois, Champaign, Urbana. And I do do pretty well in the Department of Geography. There is no maternity leave. I do have a child at that point. And I used up all of my sick days. And my salary is kind of slipping relative to the new hires coming in.  And I get the answer, well, your husband is teaching in civil engineering. The salaries there are really high. And my faculty are all men. And they are single bread earners. So I'm sorry. But in the interest of family betterment, we cannot give you a raise. Well, I persisted. And I got my tenure. I didn't fight it too much. Then left, gave my tenure, and went to Oak Ridge National Laboratory with my husband. We had nice joint job offers. And then I learned I was told by many of my colleagues that it was generally assumed that I was hired in order that Oak Ridge National Laboratory could secure the employment of my husband. So now I've got to carry that around with me. OK, so well, I didn't let that get in my way. We are the gender rogers dancing on heels backwards. We just keep going, persist, persist. By the time I left, I had spent 10 years in charge of the energy efficiency renewables and electric grid program. And was tied with Michelle Buchanan as the highest ranking female at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. But it was a tough slog. When I did leave, I now had a reputation. And people were coming after me. So it was no longer a problem of who am I? Am I just Frank's wife? The one that's good to leave and have babies. So I go to Georgia Tech. And I set up the Clean Energy, the Climate Energy Policy Lab. And there created a pretty good critical mass of graduate students, half of whom are female, and two of whom are in the room here. Caroline and Xiao Jing, you're here somewhere, aren't you? Yeah, yeah. And one thing I learned when at Georgia Tech was that there is this need for critical mass. You don't want to be the one female dropped onto a board or dropped into a corporate structure, leadership team, or faculty, and have to do it on your own. That is really uncomfortable. So finding a place that has some women that you can work with is, I think, a big key to success. I did want to talk a little bit about these dual career situations, because I know some of you are at that point in your career where you're having to negotiate jobs jointly for you and your spouse. So it can be done, persist. I think that that's certainly what I learned. Now, I challenged each of the other panelists to come up with stories. I don't know if they have, but I've given them some time now and some ideas. But I know they're also going to talk about science and technology. So the panel is going to explore the latest advances in science and technology and decarbonizing the energy sector. Some technologies and solutions that we need are already in hand today. So one question for you all is, what are these accomplishments that have occurred in your field that represent breakthroughs? There is a rising tide of ingenious solutions in sight. What are these breakthroughs that we really need to be able to go further toward that deep decarbonization? And then finally, what co-benefits or unintended consequences do you foresee in your field or outside of your field being created by a transition to a clean energy economy? So those are the questions for our panelists. I'd like to start first with Ping Chen. Thank you. Hi, everyone. It's great to be here. And it's my first time to join the CISRI symposium. And I'm a professor in the Dali Institute of Chemical Physics. And before I talk about my research, I'd probably like to introduce myself a little bit. I was in a chemistry department in PhD students. And I say that my career somehow is not managed by myself. And when I was a PhD student, I conducted research. And externally, I found something very interesting. And those things are carbon nanotubes. That was the 1990s. So carbon nanotubes is still a very hard topic, a very hard material. And before I graduated, I met a professor from National University of Singapore. And he was very interested in that study. And he invited me to be post-doctor at university. So I got my first job post-doctor there. I haven't applied for that, but you were interested in the material we studied. And after that, also by accidental funding, I got very interesting data from carbon with lithium. And we found that those materials can absorb hydrogen. And at that time, I have no idea what hydrogen storage could be that important for nowadays technology. But at that time, I'm just purely of scientific interest. Then led by this scientific funding, I moved on to hydrogen storage. And after spending almost 11 years in Singapore, and I met a director from the University of Chemical Physics in a conference. And he listened to my talks. And he invited me to join his institute. So I joined the University of Chemical Physics. So it seems I didn't plan for that. But my research seems led me to from this place to other places. And back to our research, as Marilyn mentioned, that hydrogen will have been in hydrogen storage for 70 years. And probably you know that hydrogen is in gaseous form. And if you want to use hydrogen in your car as fuel, you have to compress hydrogen. Or you have to liquefy hydrogen. Or you can store hydrogen in solid material, either by physical way or by chemical way. And our research is by storing hydrogen chemically in solid material. And before the year 2000, the main focus on material development for hydrogen storage is based on metal and metal alloys. For example, magnesium hydride or nickel, niacinam hydride, et cetera. And those hydrides have certain advantages. But still, they have drawbacks like high temperature to release hydrogen, or low capacity hydrogen storage. And also by external funding, our team noticed that nitrogen-containing materials can also absorb hydrogen. So we introduced nitrogen to the hydrogen storage material and established a metal-nitride hydrogen system. So by doing so, we can have more chemicals or more materials to be developed for hydrogen storage. And nowadays, I've seen that in the past 20 years, tremendous efforts from worldwide has been devoted to hydrogen storage research, especially from department energy. Probably you know that a few years before, there's a very strong program in hydrogen storage research. And I'm one of the collaborators with San Diego National Laboratories for the research. And I also involved in the IPHE hydrogen storage program. But still, the challenge is still there. Although we have spent 20 more than 20 years in this area, we still couldn't have materials that could meet the practical requirements. For example, if you have material, you could store a lot of hydrogen in that material. But that's not enough. You have to release hydrogen at near ambient condition. You also need the material to be stable, to be reversible, to be recyclable. And by doing all these things, nowadays, none of the material can do the job. So the challenge is still there. But I was forcing that if we could have better technology but better materials for this area, we probably could change the system of the hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. Nowadays, we have 700-bar hydrogen cylinder in our car. Those cylinders for storing hydrogen. If we replace 700-bar cylinder by a material only of tens of bars, then you probably will feel much better than that. So that's the answer to Marilyn's question that I would very look forward to the big breakthrough in the materials development engineering. Thank you. Healy. Healy, you want to go ahead? OK. Thank you very much for this invitation. It's great to be here. And you asked a story. And this happened to me just a few months ago in China. I was there visiting Beijing. And then we agreed that we will visit the coal mine in East Mongolia. And we left there early morning from Beijing at 5 o'clock, 6 o'clock. Then we had a flight there about two, three hours. Then we drove with a car a couple of hours. Finally, we were there. And our hosts gave us lunch. Then they told us, now you can have some rest. And finally, when it was 3 o'clock, then they came that now it's time to go to the mine. But unfortunately, women are not allowed to go to the mine because it brings bad luck to the miners. So I made this 15-hour trip there. And finally, I was not able to go to the mine. So sometimes you get surprises. But luckily, not too often. I'm coming from European utility. So I think I'm giving you a brief background of our company FOTUM and then about our development activities toward the new world. So we have operations in northern Europe, Russia, and India. And it has been quite a long time already our target to decarbonize our production. And now we are around one-tenth of the average emissions per produced power unit in the EU. What we are doing, for example, we just inaugurated biomass compound heat and power plant in Stockholm, which is one of the biggest ones in the world. What I'm very happy is that we have just announced our strategy that we want to focus also on wind and solar and to build a gigawatt scale portfolio there. And we have, for example, wind power project in Russia. I think this is the first one in Russia, which we are constructing. And in solar, we are building portfolio in India. Just recently won a couple of auctions. So we will have around 200 megawatts by the end of this year. So I'm very happy that we are going towards renewables. And luckily, the cost of renewables is decreasing all the time so that wind and solar really are, in very short notice, the cheapest way to produce electricity. And that is very good news. On the other hand, it takes a lot of systemic innovation to enable that. So we have to find ways how to make the system work. And there, our focus is to find new flexibility sources so to develop customer end solutions. And we have a couple of examples in electricity consumption. We have already in the market a product where when we have an hourly price in Finland, the customers can have the hourly price and then optimize the electricity consumption in their heating based on the market prices. So we offer this solution for them. And of course, this helps the system to manage. Another which is still in the commercial piloting phase is that we have aggregated customer water heaters together.  And we carry out frequency regulation, this fastest regulation market on second basis. So I feel that these kind of solutions help renewables to enter the market. But then it's important to remember, take all the advantage of the different structures what we have in different markets. So it's not only electricity. It's also heat, traffic, and what we already heard today also water. And in Nordics, we have a lot of district heat. And we are also bringing district heat to help electricity system and increase the demand response activities there. And how can you do that with district heat? It's that you can decide when you produce district heat. You can produce also electricity with combined heat and power plants. But you can also consume electricity when producing district heat. So it's actually a very important source of flexibility to bring flexibility to electricity system. And I think so you can't have a solution that fits all. You have to find what is the best for different areas and then build on that because that is for the society the most cost-efficient way to do that. Thank you. All right, Wanda. My turn, huh? Yeah. Well, thank you so much for the opportunity. It's just so energizing to see all of you here. So it's been quite a journey and to have this many women in one room that supports clean energy is absolutely amazing to me. I'm in Chicago, as Marilyn said. I'm the Chief Strategy Officer at SNC Electric Company. And we manufacture switch gear and protection equipment. So for those of you that have been involved in, especially the distribution utility space, you probably know of our gear. But our portfolio is broadened. We have applications that find their way into microgrids and renewable interconnection through our power electronic solutions as well. So I found microadv very fascinating. I actually didn't have a grand plan to be in clean energy. I grew up in a ranch in Western South Dakota, had no idea what engineering was at the time. And it was my algebra teacher, who actually was also my rodeo coach, came up to me in the hallway once it tapped me on the shoulder and says, you know what, you are so good in math. If I had to do it over again, I would have taken engineering, but I didn't even know it existed when I went to school. So that's how I found my way into engineering and how I found my way into power. I was one student on the Dean's Advisory Council for Engineering at South Dakota State, which Marilyn and I found we have something in common there. But anyway, through that, last semester before I graduated, one of the gentlemen that was serving on that board was in charge of research and development at the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association. In Washington, D.C. So well, I figured if I can live in Washington, D.C. and get back, I could probably get by anywhere, which in hindsight was not far from the truth coming from my roots. But anyway, at NRACA, at the time it was on DuPont Circle, I was collecting all the different research that they were funding at the time and found, first of all, power to be absolutely fascinating. But then it was, I guess, 85. Conservation, load management, demand-side alternatives is especially interesting, which launched myself into a career at Northern States Power Command and then ultimately an excellent role. So that's been my utility background. Through there, I've had a tremendous opportunity to learn to bring technologies into the field, whether it's automated meter reading or automation, cable testing, unregulated subsidiary, and the list kind of goes on. I found my passion to be bringing technology into the space and I happened to hit it just right that, as an industry, we've been going through transformation for a while and on the bell curve, I was one that liked to do the change management and bring technology in. So it's been tremendously interesting. I've also been very active in IEEE, which I think has given me a stronger voice than just in my workplace alone. Marilyn mentioned that I led the IEEE Smart Grid Initiative, launched it. I was also the first president of the Power and Energy Society in 2008 and 2009 as a female. We changed the name, we knew we needed to rebrand it because the demographics was one where we just weren't recruiting, it wasn't only gender issue, it was a demographic issue. Those in their 20s, 30s, and even 40s that had been on the decline consistently for 10 years. So we knew we had to do some rebranding in order to have sustainability in the society itself. So hence a significant rebranding effort of which then on the heels came IEEE Smart Grid, new publications along the same lines and sustainable alternative energy and of course a lot of collaboration along a lot of different disciplinaries in order to pull it off. So I laid that out there because I wish I could come in here and say I had a grand plan. No, I just followed my passion. And I really enjoyed it along the way. You know as I go back into the questions that Marilyn asked they're pretty broad relative to a five minutes feel but I kind of boil them down into about four clusters of things. And the first is we are in a significant transition as an industry, it's huge. You look back five years ago and you know half of the supply in the United States just from coming from coal. That changed almost overnight. And we as an industry have never changed that fast. So just having the delivery infrastructure in order to have that kind of flexibility was significant in itself. And that's only been of our five year period. Now as we look forward there's a whole lot more that we need to do. We've heard the other panels and speakers talk about you know we've got a clean energy plan but it doesn't go far enough. And you know if we're really gonna stay within the two degrees C, no, we know it doesn't need, it isn't going far enough. We need to look at the whole technology portfolio. Some of which the readiness we've come a long ways. You know we look at that solar curve and how that cost came down and the installation rents went up really fast. And we're not done there yet. I mean we go out in the poster sessions and there's ideas out there that suggest that the costs are gonna even come down more. And that cost curve is also a precursor to storage and others. And I think we're gonna have kind of a convergence of you know the solar, the wind and then the behind the meter opportunities in buildings and transportation that is just offering us a tremendous opportunity. And I think some of the interesting space if you will is where these areas of disciplines overlap. Because we've learned in silos, we've grown up in organizations that are relatively siloed. And where those edges overlap, a lot of times there's efficiencies that we haven't been able to gain. And actually I think as women, you know it's a tremendous place for us to excel because generally we're collaborative, we're open to new ideas, we wanna solve problems, we wanna connect to issues in a much bigger way that we can see relevance to society and mankind. And boy if this thing, this is really what connects I think to prosperity overall. So you know it's kind of a message I think of, you know how do you get to folks? It's tell the story and the story starts, my rodeo coach in high school, right? Somebody touches you somewhere along the way. We all have those stories, but it doesn't end there, that's just the beginning. We know that the pipeline is not near what it needs to be, we need to support each other. And I agree, I've been a lone voice for a long, long time but it's a whole lot easier if there's multiple females in the room. So here, here to you, I'm glad that we're all in here together and it's a journey, we'll figure it out. Okay, fabulous careers. Thank you for sharing all of that. So that's been about 10 minutes. Any questions from the audience and these terrific participants? And then we'll do a lightning speed kind of around the comments at the end with one surprise question. Anyone, a question for any of our panelists? I know that other companies in Finland are looking at supplying heat for district heating through geothermal. Does your utility have any plans for geothermal heating or combined heat and power projects? Thank you. Actually, there's a project where we are involved. So there is a deep, deep geothermal project ongoing and it will be in our district heating network area. And it might be a disruptive technology. So looking forward how it goes on. I think the Scandinavian countries are pretty much ahead of the US when it comes to managing so much intermittency and putting together the supply side and the demand side and the frequency regulation store you told. I know in Copenhagen, they're using the Nissan Leafs students in the middle of their classes and they're helping to line up this storage capacity and put it back on to the grid when it's needed. So we can get there too. I think it's interesting that we're just a little bit behind. I don't know why that is. Do you know? I think one part is the electricity market model, what we have because for example, this frequency regulation aggregated business model. It's actually, we are offering that commercially to TSO and it's going according to their procedures. So it's regulatory model is very important. And to add to that, I think that having a line of sight with certainty around the business model helps the investment piece tremendously. So I kind of compare and contrast the European activity to the states and especially an investor owned utility where you don't necessarily know what the rules are different state commissions take different roles relative to the utility leadership. And it seems like we're finding our way, but there's 50 journeys at the state level and a little bit of federal help too. And so the process isn't quite as clean as perhaps from the European model where there's been a plan that's been pretty obvious and that's I think allowed investment at faster clip. I do have a story to share though along the community side while some questions grew up. We just finished a project in Ohio and this is where I think the unusual business model coupled with solar and storage makes this a winner and there was no subsidies involved whatsoever. So a third party ended up actually putting in a solar facility and also a battery. And they had three different kind of large industrial type companies within their service area and they wanted to get into some renewables. So they did, it was a seven megawatts of storage and on it goes. But the bottom line is that the little municipality could buy energy back from the solar facility, cheaper than what they were getting at otherwise. The battery was used to clip peak about 10 times per year so their demand costs went down. They had to do some investment in reactive power anyway which they're able to defer, so that helped. But the interesting thing is back to the frequency market. It happened to be within PJMs, service area ISO and they were able to leverage the frequency market. So the individual third party investor is breaking even within three to four years on that project. And it's less cost to the municipality. So I think it just shows that it's not just technology alone. It's coupling kind of a community interest with the market as well. Great. Was there another question out here? Right there. I have a question about storage and I know that at the National Renewable Energy Lab we've partnered with a couple other organizations on different reports and different analyses on storage. We did a renewable energy futures project a few years ago where the results showed that we won't need, with integrating renewables into the grid, we won't need storage until there's a pretty high penetration. But when you go to different energy conferences you don't necessarily hear that.  So I'm wondering what your opinions are about that because we've found in our analyses that that's not true. Well, I think it depends. So anybody that's been on there that models side of this question, it really depends a lot. And to the extent that there's significant renewable penetration, we've learned that we can probably get further than when we first thought when we started down the journey without storage. But we've also seen that there's times when you approach stability challenges and some storage, especially facts to acting makes a big difference. And then you also gotta look at the mix that you have. I mean, you've got the Upper Northwest that has a lot of hydro. So I don't think there is one answer. It's very location specific. I will say that the planning around this changes a lot because we used to have normal and contingency and we understood what the loads were and what the low growth was. And now with the intermittency and the negative aspects of this, I think that we have to learn how to get much better prepared at scenario analysis. And the one thing that storage does is it provides us some flexibility and nimbleness so that to the extent things happen that are a little unexpected, we got some shock absorber built into the system. But I might defer some added comments. Actually, I fully agree with you. On the other hand, if you think of demand response compared to storages, then you don't have to invest in new assets or you think electric vehicles that you can have the vehicle to create what is now in piloting phase, it's a huge capacity available. So I think it's balancing that how fast you can bring these assets into operation where you don't actually have to invest again. So yeah, yeah, very interesting question. And I think there really isn't exact answer for that. Tremendous opportunity on transportation and also buildings and how these intersect. All right, so I have a final question then. I'd like each of you to respond. What needs to happen to attract more girls and women into the energy sciences and engineering thing? Yeah, I'm professor in the institute. So every year I have a two or three student join my district group and normally half and half, half boy, half girls. And I will say that some of the girls are really, really intelligent. And I did my best to encourage them to continue their scientific research after PhD grade, PhD degree. For example, two of my students continue their scientific training as post-doctors after receiving PhD. And two of others are joined, as faculty members join universities and still continue their research. So those girls with very right talents in scientific research, I will strongly suggest them to continue their this direction because they have this talent. But not all girls have this capability. But for those who really have this one, but I think that people conducting research, people has to be pretty good assistant and if you can hold this, your dream strongly probably can go through everything you encountered. So those girls who have this characteristics and our characters, I will strongly encourage them to do this. Yuli. I think we need these role models and here we have hundreds of role models here. And I think this example of how to influence this mentoring, I like it very much and we hope that we can bring this to our Finnish ambassadors and to find out a way to do mentoring there. So I think again, not only one thing, it's several things. I agree there's no silver bullet. Yeah. I would boil it down into three things. I think it's telling the story and that means not only story in the fourth through eighth grade, I mean that's where it begins, but also along the way. I think that we need to provide a support infrastructure. There's now getting to be a few of us. It's no longer just a single voice, but we still need a lot of support and kind of affirmation. And the third one is recognize the biases and address them. There are reality biases in the workforce and along the way and it is what it is, but you know what, together we can change them. And I've been noticing that where I work, we're certainly making this front and center. I believe that it's very important for the rate of innovation. We're moving faster than wherever we have before. We need the best and the brightest and we need the different perspectives. So this is a matter of success. And so, you know, making sure that to the extent there are some resistance elements in the process, we need to acknowledge them and put infrastructure in place in order to just. Okay, so my final comment will be we also need better textbooks. And I happen to have two that I, one I published this year and one last year and they're flyers for them on the table up front. One is on energy efficiency policies and markets and the other's on global energy policy. So they tell a story and I think they get people excited about the problems and the opportunities and it's all about getting people excited, men and women. So thank you so much for hearing us out. Thank you.


You need a financial advisor with the freedom to focus on your specific needs. Whatever your goals, Reid Potter can create a game plan tailored to you. Call Reid at 432-0777 at Pikeville, Kentucky to learn more. Saturday, January 22nd, Invest 606 will be hosting its demo day from 1 to 3 at the Overlook Events Center. Invest 606 is a business accelerator and pitch competition with 13 Eastern Kentucky businesses participating this year. Businesses apply. They're selected to be finalists in the fall. They then attend a kickoff, a demo day, and the final pitch, and they have to earn 300 points in order to qualify for the final pitch. And they earn those points by attending training and mentoring. Invest 606 was founded three years ago, reaching over 33 businesses and creating over 130 new jobs in Eastern Kentucky. And I grew up in a rural area in northern Minnesota, and so I knew that the challenges of starting an accelerator in a rural community. And so what I did is I adapted sort of best practices of some of the accelerators my business has been in in Boston to a rural community. Demo day gives the business owners a chance to pitch their businesses to the public and network with other small business owners. It'll be a great networking event, so anybody that's interested in learning more about how to start a business, has their own business, wants to learn about Invest 606, or just wants to network with other entrepreneurs who are running and owning businesses in Eastern Kentucky that should come to the event. To learn more about Invest 606, you can visit their website at invest606.org or check them out on Facebook at invest606. For Mountain Top News, I'm Breonna Robinson.


tired of the everyday grind ever dream of a life of romantic adventure want to get away from it all we offer you escape escape designed to free you from the four walls of today for a half hour of high adventure you are in an open boat with three desperate men 200 yards from land and safety but while you scream frantically for someone to rescue you you realize that from the mountainous breakers between you and safety there is no escape listen now as transcribed escape brings you Stephen Crane's unusual story the open boat 1897 a tale intended to be after the fact being the experience of four men from the sunk steamer Commodore they were a captain an oiler a cook and a correspondent and many a man ought to have a bathtub larger than the boat which they rode upon the sea none of them knew the color of the sky their eyes were fastened upon the waves that swept toward them the horizon narrowed and widened dipped in rows and at all times it was jagged with waves that seemed to thrust up in points like rocks a singular disadvantage of the sea lies in the fact that after successfully surmounting one wave you discover there's another behind it just as important just as anxious to swamp a boat we're a little more south Billy a little more south sir there's a house of refuge just north of the speed of wind and light as soon as they see us they'll come off their boat and pick us up as soon as who sees us cook crew houses of refuge don't have crews only places where clothes and food is stored for the benefit of shipwrecked people they don't carry crews oh yes they do no they don't we're not there yet the oil is right we're not there yet good thing it's an onshore wind if not where will we be now that's right do you think we've got much of a show now boys I don't know captain oh well we'll get ashore all right yes if this wind holds we don't we're down on the surf sometimes the girls would sit on the sea comfortably in groups its wrath was no more to them than it was to a convoy of prairie chickens a thousand miles inland often they came close and at these times they were uncanny and sinister in their unblinking scrutiny the captain was hurt and couldn't do anything the cook bailed the oiler and the correspondent sat together in the same seat and rode and then the oiler took both oars and then the correspondent took both oars the correspondent the oiler will you spell me yeah sure but it was easier to steal eggs from under a hen than it was to change seats in the dinghy the man in the stern slid his hand along the thwart and move with care the man in the rowing seat slid his hand along the other thwart is the two-sided past each other the cook and the captain kept watchful eyes on the coming wave good boy Billy lighthouse at Mosquito inland wait wait I see it too Billy might be I don't see anything look again it's exactly in that direction well and I see it's real small like the head of a pin huh I think we'll make it captain if this wind holds the boat don't swamp we can't do much else fail here cook I can serve all right the brown mats of seaweed that appeared from time to time and formed the men in the boat that they were making progress slowly for land and slowly the lighthouse grew larger an upright shadow on the sky and then land appeared thinner than paper I wish we had a sale we might try my overcoat on the end of an or give you two boys a chance to rest I'll try anything what you say let's try it here's my coat right sir blow them both down toward me I'll tie it on yeah there you go so rope there Billy you can lash it better sleeves will do better I think you'll have to hold one or do the other right all ready all right better lower what we're making it way Billy you'll swap this way just too far off balance well just have to roll how in the name of all this saying could there be people who think it's fun to row a boat you put things right smart yeah yes at least a bad if we'd eaten something before yeah we got ourselves in a pinker condition before we got ourselves shipwrecked how to be butter too would be shit there'd be less people drowning at sea I'll spell you we can both do it take the ride or Billy let's go slowly and beautifully the land loomed out of the sea and the wind came again and then went and then came again varying from northeast to southeast and a new sound struck the ears of the men in the boat the sweet low thunder of the surf on the shore we must be about opposite noose Myron yes I believe they abandoned that life-saving station about a year ago did they take her easy now boys don't spend yourselves if we have to run a surf you'll need all your strength because we'll show you have to swim for it take your time yeah yes captain that's the house of reference sure they'll see us before long come out after the keeper ought to be able to make us out now if he's looking for his glass you'll notify the life-saving people none of these other boats got in the shore to give word of the wreck helps the lifeboat would be out hunting us that's right Billy that's right I don't think it'd be wise to try for the lighthouse now swing ahead a little more north Billy little more north sir steady now there Billy my boy that if she is captain you know no perhaps maybe to we'll be a shore I drink to captain yes I still got the water jug well let's have it around all hands you go ahead you first sir thank you all right cook thank you Billy tastes good freshwater there you go thanks well since we're celebrating I got a surprise look cigars aren't they wet some of mine some of them are dry I don't know how yeah I got dry matches there you know thank you this is more like it yes sir in another row why and then there don't seem to be any signs of life about your house of refuge no funny they don't see us yeah we have to go through that surf with swamp for sure funny they don't see us I suppose we'll have to make a try for ourselves if we stay out here too long will none of us have strength left to swim after the boat swamps yeah it is straight in then Billy I should right in if we don't all get ashore I suppose you fellas know where to send news of my finish yes sir I don't get ashore the boys can tell me old lady what happened my family lives in New Brunswick just ask for them at the Hampton Inn and why don't get ashore I don't get ashore it won't matter to anyone but me it's getting rougher sure still pretty far away sir we can't go in any closer boys she won't live three minutes more if we keep her headed to our shore swim like I take her out to see again captain just really go ahead pick her out to see again for men in it the captain the oiler the cook and the correspondent turned back away from the land and bumped over the furrowed sea to deeper water he will return to escape in just a moment but first just sit back relax and watch the cars roll by watch the heavy traffic on the highways in the summertime watch the traffic jams and the roadblocks and the tired hot drivers sitting behind the steering wheels of their cars trying to make time and getting nowhere fast just help yourself to a nice refreshing cool drink sit on your chair and the porch your stoop or lawn under the shade of a big elm tree with your radio tuned to some nice sweet music or a thrilling who done it on CBS radio and watch the summer rush on the roadways gosh you're smart and now back to escape when it occurs to a man that nature does not regard him as important and that he feels she should maim the universe by disposing of him yet first wishes to throw bricks at the temple and he hates very much the fact that there are no bricks and no temples and he finds that nature is serene among the struggles of the individual she's not cruel nor beneficent nor wise nor treacherous she is simply indifferent anyhow they must have seen us from shore by now all coming to the south east sir I see it Billy keep her the way she is I think of those life-saving people ain't they peaches yeah funny they haven't seen it you think we're out here for sport I mean they think we're fishing or maybe you think we're stupid fools sorry yes sir St. Augustine those dots no no I don't think so too near mosquito inlet do you ever like to row building no did you always loved it loved it there's a man on shore where Sam Sam yes sure he's walking along and he sees us he's waving yeah now we're all right there'll be a boat out here for us in half an hour he's going on he's running he's going up at a house there standing still again he's looking I think there he goes again toward the house come on he's not again is he is he waving at us sir no not now he was though look there's another man look at him go would you he's on a bicycle a bicycle on the beach they're both waving at us there comes something else up the beach is it a lifeboat sir I think so no no that's not a lifeboat oh it's not them at a bus for those big hotel buses by thunder you're right what do you suppose they're doing with a bus I don't they get a lifeboat hey hey maybe they're going around collecting the lifeboat group that's it yeah I keep around into the wind Billy sure look there's a fellow waving a little black flag at us he's standing on the steps of the bus and there comes two other fellows another all talking together look at that fellow with the flag he sees us all right he knows what he's about oh it's his coat I certainly that's his coat so it is it's his coat what would you look at him swing it isn't any life-saving station there that's just a winter resort hotel some of the customers came to see us drown what's that idiot but the coat mean what's he signaling anyhow it looks as if we were trying to tell us that to go north must be a life-saving station up there no no he thinks we're fishing Billy just giving us a wave that's all we need now a cheery little wave to send us on a way to eternity he don't mean anything he's just playing to be just signalist to try the surfer but go to sea or wait or go north or go south or go to there be some reason and if it would look at him why doesn't he stop waving that coat long enough that tell him we're out here dying why doesn't he for it's all right now they'll have a boat out here in less than no time now that they've seen us yeah night coming on sir oh now now boys we'll never have to stay here all night now don't you worry they've seen us now and it won't be long before they just come chasing right out after say oh come on boys cheer up now the shore grew dusky the man waving the coat blended gradually into this gloom and it swallowed in the same manner the bus and the group of people a night on the sea in an open boat was a long night hands on that bird away the coat I just like to live long enough to do that why what did he do nothing just seemed to blasted cheerful keep her head up keep her head up keep her head up sir the obligation of the man at the oars was to keep the boat headed so that the tilt of the rollers wouldn't capsize it the black waves were silent and hard to be seen in the darkness and on the northern horizon the light appeared a small bluish gleam on the edge of the world captain you like I should I keep her making for that light nor I keep it about two points off the port bow gleaming trail of phosphorescence like a blue flame was furrowed on the black waters it might have been made by a monstrous knife the speed and power of the thing was greatly to be admired it cut the water like a gigantic and keen projectile never leaving the vicinity of the boat a head or a stern or on one side or another at intervals long and short flew the long sparkling streak life-saving people take the time you see the shock laying around yes I saw him he was a big fellow all right I didn't know you were awake captain makes no difference he's gone now Billy huh what Billy will you spell me Billy for sure yes take her father out to sea so there's no danger from the surf you take that or to the stern there keep her facing the sea right sir all out if you hear that surf just once here hi well sir I will give you boys a chance to curl down for a while getting shape again and the correspondent and the oiler laid down in the bottom of the boat trembling with a cold and the damp and shattered themselves to sleep the dead sleep spray occasionally bumped over the side and gave them a fresh soaking but it had no power to break their repose and neither knew that they bequeathed to the cook now the only man awake on an ocean the company of another shark boys day huh I guess one of you better take her out to see again all right captain oh no I'll do it buddy take it easy we've been working hard no easy no sorry well yeah yeah I get it sure anybody shows me even a photograph of the door I'm gonna break ya yeah nothing on the beat no bicycle no bus not even a dog guess I'd even like to see the fellow with the coat again yes we always well at least the light towers still in sight that that rather not see why is that well well one thing I don't think anyone ever climbs up there they did we'd have help if no help is coming we might better try to run through the set when sir right away better if we stay out here much longer we'll be too weak to do anything for ourselves at all pretty so captain's right anything's better than this header into the beach there header into the beach there the beach sir I hear this she's gonna swamp shore all we can do is wake her in as far as possible and then when she swamps pile out and scramble for the beach yes you're hurt I can swim it all right if we get in close keep cool no boys and don't jump until she swamps shore I said captain I think I better bring her about keep her head on to the sea and back around all right Billy back her in I don't think we're getting very close captain we will try and remember to get well clear of the boat when you jump the sea pummeled them and spewed them about it plunge them downward and threw them skyward and all wondered am I going to drown am I going to drown with the sand and the trees over there am I going to drown the man came running along the shore he was in the water in a matter of seconds pulling the cook ashore first then returning to help the captain then the correspondence here you go now grab hold my arm grab hold my hand and take it no you're not come on now come on oh nice it's all right now it's all right I thought it was all over look in the shadows face downward lay the oiler his forehead touched sand that was periodically between each wave clear of the sea it seemed that instantly the beach was populated with men and flasks blankets and clothes and women with coffee pots but while the captain and the cook and the correspondent took all of these remedies a still and dripping shape was carried slowly up the beach and the lands welcome for Billy the oiler could only be the hospitality of a grave transcribed under the direction of Anthony Ellis escape has brought you the open boat by Stephen Crane adapted by E. Jack Newman in order of their appearance you've heard William Conrad is the narrator Tom Tully the correspondent Edgar Berrier the captain Bob Sweeney the cook Dave young the oiler and Jack Carroll the man the special music for escape is composed and conducted by Leith Stevens next week you are in a wild and dangerous country riding to stake your claim all the man who follows you without conscience of fear is waiting for the moment when he will stop you with a bullet in the heart so listen next week when escape brings you William J Radcliffe's exciting story the notebook remember the blood you give is vital in building a reserve of gamma globulin for the prevention of paralysis from polio call your local Red Cross chapter for an appointment to donate blood tomorrow this is Roy Rowan speaking and remember the Johnny Mercer show is heard weekday evenings on the CBS radio network


Hi everyone. I'm Coach Tori Emhoff. I'm the head coach of our women's hockey team here at Stevenson. This is episode 8 of the Mustang Success Trail and we are here to talk about class participation. Number one, easiest way to stay in good graces with your professors and make sure that you're participating in a positive way, show up to class on time. We want you to be at practice on time, to meetings on time. We also want you to enter the classroom on time. Sit in the front row. Super simple, super easy, goes a long way with your professors and also helps you to stay focused and not distracted in class. When you're in a group setting, group work, make sure that you're participating. You're taking initiative. The work that you're submitting and doing is high quality. Any chance you have to raise your hand and participate in class, take advantage of that, whether that's answering your professor's question or asking a question yourself. Good luck in your seasons and good luck this academic year. Go Mustangs!