i'w ddwylo'r cyfrwyng, roedd yn ysgolwch nawr yn ymgyrch i'w rhaid i'w ddysgu'r ymddangos. Yn ymddych chi'n rhaid i gyd yn ffraeg y bwyr eich rhaid, sy'n bwysig i'w ddweud, yn llwyddiadau i'r arwm, yn ddweud nad oedd yn ddweud, ond rydyn ni'n bwysig i'w ddweud, mae'n oed yn ddiwedd yn ddweud, pan oedd ymddo ddechrau, i'w ddweud i'w ddweud i'w ddweud i'w ddweud. a yna yma? Mae yna, yn y gynllun jwysig o'r hyn o'r hyn o'r cyflwyno'r hyn. Mae'n hyn o'r hyn o'r hyn o'r hyn o'r cyflwyno, mae wedi'u gwahodd y mlynedd. Mae'n gyflwyno'r cyflwyno, mae'n gyflwyno'r isag, mae'r gwyloedd, mae'n gweithio'r mewn cyflwyno, mae'n gwylltio'r mewn cyflwyno a'w cyflwyno'r cyflwyno'n gweithio'r dynosares five times and we've had a real challenge of life on earth. The intriguing thing is that those who are studying the science of what is going on in the planet are suggesting that we might be facing the sixth great extinction right now in our lifetimes. There's some absolutely stunning analysis that came out during 2016 from WWF, Mae'r ddinllunio'r ddechrau, mewn sy'n lleodiadu iawn, byddwch ar hynny wedi dweud yn ymlaen o'r marco, ac maen nhw'n hoffi ar y lleifanau sy'n cyfeieinol ar gyfer gefnodaeth ymlaen i'r Rhaid, a mae'n hoffi ar y dyma'r cyffredin, fod yn bobl. felly'r comment yma'r diwedd y Marco Lambertini'r awdbôn newydd, rhaid i sut i'w wneud ei gyrddio, ac rhaid i chi'n cael ei gydain? First of all, we definitely can say we are entering, we have entered something similar to one of the mass distinctions of the previous 100 million years. The science is telling us that the rate of distinction today is about 100 to 1000 times higher than natural rates. Specials are distinguishing very quickly and the interesting depressing tragic scary dimension is that we don't even know many of the species that go extinct because they go extinct even before they're described by science. That particularly driven by tropical forest disappearance. So that's one dimension, extinction of species, and we are facing clearly a mass wave of extinction. Second dimension, which is less talked about and is about our report, Living Planet report launched in September, is about the actual decline in populations of wildlife, numbers of actual animals and plants. The assessment that we did across the world is about the decline of wildlife populations of 60% in the last four tiers, less than a generation and blink of an eye compared to the history of life on earth. A predicted at this rate of decline, a predicted two-third decline by 2020. At the same time when a global convention, the Convention on Biological Diversity, has a 2020 target to hold extinction and reverse the trend of loss of biodiversity. Clearly we are not on the right track, clearly we are facing a big challenge and the importance of this is to fold. One is because biodiversity is a difficult term, a bit grey and perhaps too technical. It means life, it means diversity of life, and it means that we have clearly a moral obligation to preserve life on earth that has evolved alongside us. But the second dimension is that biodiversity is not just something beautiful, inspirational, nice, morally obliged to conserve, but it's actually the foundation of the functioning of ecosystems. When you look at the forest, it's not a patch of green, it's actually a multitude of species, millions and millions of individuals, plants and animals, interacting and making the forest a living ecosystem and a productive ecosystem. If you're losing biodiversity and species are a little bit the brakes of the world of life, imagine the life on earth, diversity of life on earth as a beautiful huge wall made of so many species, about a million and a half described perhaps up to 10 million, and if you begin to take brakes away from the walls, species by species, the whole world will collapse and some species perhaps will be more important than others in their role. And so our message is, extinction is rampant, decline is equally, or populations numbers of animals is equally concerning, and this is something that is important morally, is a moral imperative for us, but equally is a business imperative, because we are wrecking nature, Inc, the enterprise that actually defined life on earth and supports our well-being and economy too. Marco, thank you. So just to pause on that, you're probably used to these incredible statistics, because this is the area that you work in and lead so successfully all the time, but if we hear this correctly, you're saying that between 1970 and 2012, so it's about 42 years, close to 60% of all wild animals that have a backbone of vertebrae went. Yeah, I mean this is based on very thorough studies on the field, field studies across about 3,000, I think if I remember correctly, samples around the world, all over the world, tropics, non-tropics, et cetera, and they've been monitoring populations, and populations have been crashing. But that's incredible. It is incredible, and it is very scary, and it is equally worrying than the extinction rate, because these are the individuals that I said before actually supporting the functioning of ecosystems. And in your perspective, there was this large meeting in Hawaii that the IUCN, the conservation organisation held in September I think of 2016. In your perspective, what is stopping the world community or others not just being aghast by that statistic? I don't think many people would know that. No, I think many people know and we are receiving a lot of support. I mean the living plant report was actually covered globally by media locally and globally in a huge way. Many people are really concerned about that. However, the problem is that while we are able, for example, to take climate change, we're finally able to make a compelling case for a determined action against climate change, because it's obvious that climate change is impacting our life, our businesses. The cost is beginning to be material and evident. On biodiversity, something a little bit a step more distant. So we don't still yet completely feel the impact of the loss of biodiversity. And I think that doesn't help us to respond as fiercely as we are beginning to respond to climate change. And climate change on one hand and loss of nature, biodiversity in natural places, are the two sides, I think, of the huge ecological crisis of our time. They are equally important, they are connected and we should pay attention to both. In 42 years, close to 60% of all the wild animals who have a vertebrary backbone on the planet went. If that's not a kind of meme or something that should go viral from this annual meeting on the back of all the great work of the one planet report, I don't know what should. When you look at geological time and the billions and millions of years, we're talking in 42 years. And the reason is that there was a beautiful article, I think it was the Guardian. The title was, Another Frog gone extinct in Central America. The press or the business, I don't remember, yawns. Meaning people appreciate the tragedy and the importance. What that means in the longer term, actually in the medium term for us. And that's the problem. Psychologically, the link is still not there. A lot of people are outraged mostly on ethical and conservation reasons. The business case for biodiversity to be preserved is still not there. We'll come on to Ada and Patrick in a second, but just to pursue this, you were just saying outside. I think actually, Pat, you mentioned this as well. For those who perhaps are not as close to these statistics, it was quite important to use the world word wild animals in that because that sounds like something else is happening. It's not like we're losing loads of cows and sheep. So what's happening with... Well, in fact, I don't know how accurate it is, but I came across recently a calculation that tried to estimate the biomass of vertebrates, wildlife, versus domesticated animals and people. And we are reaching a point where the weight of people and cattle and chicken and ports and everything else with domesticated is far, far bigger than the combined weight biomass of wild animals. So we are anthropomorphising whatever the word is, our planet with a strong footprint in terms of altering natural systems. I suppose by your explanation at the beginning, the whole point of biodiversity is the diversity of all of these animals provides resilience and multiple species and such, whereas if we just have lots and lots and lots of cows and sheep, that's not very diverse. Who's going to give us the fresh water and the clean air and the food from the sea and the ecosystems are providing services which are absolutely critical to life on earth. Let's remember the atmosphere was poisoned with CO2 only three billion years ago, a long time, but the plants and the forest pumped oxygen into the atmosphere and now it's livable for all of us and our fellow species. So this is serious stuff. I do have to say it again because when I read the report, I couldn't myself believe it, I work in the space of 1970 to 2012, 42 years, 58 I think is the exact figure, but close to 60% of all the wild animals which have a vertebrae went on this planet. Ada Greenbury, Managing Director of Sustainability and Stakeholder Engagement of Asia Pulp and Paper. Your company is based in Indonesia. I guess there's two lines of questioning I'd be interested to explore with you. Number one is generally from your part of the world, ASEAN, a key emerging group of economies growing the world's economy, the growth center. Do you sense that the topic of biodiversity and such is high on people's agenda or is it quite rightly that we need to consume resources to grow? So that's the first question. And then secondly, within that context, how does a company like yours find room to innovate and provide some sort of solution to this astonishing statistic? Thanks Dominic. So my company, Asia Pulp and Paper Group is one of the largest integrated forestry pulp and paper company in the world. In the past we used to use natural forest fiber to feed our pulp mills. And four years ago we launched our zero deforestation policy and we've been implementing it ever since 2013. So is this agenda in the people's mind? I think so Dominic. So because when we launch our zero deforestation policy there are a lot of other companies who also follow our steps and also adopting similar policy. Innovation is one thing, but I would just want to share my experience that probably provide a glimpse of hope Marco. My own experience, I don't read it from books, I've seen it in my own eyes. So in the past when my company used to process and cut natural forest fiber from the forest, I used to receive a lot of reports about wildlife and human conflicts. Namely between Sumat and Tigers and Human. And the moment we stopped that bulldozer, the moment we stopped that chainsaw in February 2013 until now, I never received any Sumat and Tiger and Human conflicts again in my life.  So call me naive, but I really believe that wildlife and people can actually live side by side. So that's just a little bit of hope that I've seen with my own eyes. But talking about biodiversity or the ecosystem are basically where this wildlife actually will thrive. It's quite a challenge because even though our company has been committed to zero deforestation for four years, but we saw that deforestation is still happening in the tropics in Indonesia. So we have a look at what actually causes deforestation, encroachment, forest fire and everything else, and the core of it is actually about people. So in the last two years, I've been trying to develop programmes, innovative programmes to bring people, to embrace people, to help us save the biodiversity instead of destroying it. I believe that people can be part of solution, not just part of the problems in the sixth extension or reverse the sixth extension. So the innovation that we've been trying to develop is basically developing a community-based, landscape-based agroecology programmes where we can actually increase the income of the people so they don't have to continue encroaching the forest anymore. They can have a weekly, monthly, yearly income, and also the type of crops that their plants need to be designed in a way that it will also protect the environment, such as the peatland for example, so it will protect the ecological values of the areas that they're living in. So it's a win-win. We can support the communities to have a more sustainable livelihood agroecology programme, and at the same time, this programme will see that it will help the community not to further continue with deforestation, but also have their agroecology programmes protect the environment. That's what the innovative approach that we're trying to do. Ada, thank you, and it has to be acknowledged that Asia, Paper and Pulp have received many accolades for the innovation in this space to both produce the resource that you want and it seems to protect the environment at the same time, that win-win. How difficult is that to do? I mean, I guess it must be hard to be a leader in the space and say this is what we want to achieve or work with communities to do this. This can't be an easy task. No, it's very far away from easy. I mean, we've been doing it for four years, so it's not as if we just come up with a commitment yesterday or a year ago. So we've been actually for four years trying very hard to implement it, and we're not trying to be a leader. We're just trying to learn and how to improve our practice by implementing this zero deforestation policy, protecting biodiversity, implementing landscape approach. The biggest challenges for us is still making sure that the threats, the risk for the forest disappear or can be reduced. And to achieve that, there are a lot of innovative approach. For the forest fire, for example, we are implementing the latest technology for fire detection, for example. For the community, we come up with so many different programs for the community. But even designing programs for communities is not that easy because we have to map communities. There are probably 1,000 villages across our supply chain. So we have to map them out. We have to define the typology of its village, how many people are living there, and all the programs need to be based on participatory planning. Not a program that we force them to implement. So it's very, very hard work, Dominic, and I really hope that the global community could help us deliver this. And if I may add, I know one of your other big areas of interest is education. And just going back to that rather startling statistic that the WWF had created in 2016, do you sense that more needs to be done on the awareness raising or education around the challenge that we face on biodiversity and the sort of impact on the environment of growth? In my part of the world, yes, education is important. But the more important is basically combating poverty. Because these people, this community who continue encouragement, continue with poaching, they just do it to try to provide food on the table at the end of the day. So fighting poverty is very important. And in parallel, we have to basically also provide education and technology transfer to enable them to come up with a more sustainable livelihood or earning. And then just a kind of final thought before moving to Patrick Brown. In the broader context, do you feel that government, I mean you mentioned about the international community and looking for support. Do you feel that governments are also as concerned about this topic as you and other companies are? Yes, I mean with the current government right now, they have announced moratorium of natural forest conversion and expansion for palm oil. So they have tried very hard. They also announced the COVID into one map and everything else. But collaboration is key here because we cannot work in silo. So collaboration between private sector, civil society and government is very key to achieve what we want to achieve. I just want to emphasise that Indonesian forests do not just belong to Indonesia. Indonesian forests belong to the planet. So we all stakeholders globally need to work together to achieve what we want to achieve in saving the forests. Thank you. Mark, I might return to you a little bit later with some sort of thoughts on that and to how far this is going to help solve the challenge that you set out. But Patrick Brown, if I can turn to you, the chief executive officer and founder of Impossible Foods, I know this is an area that's quite close to your heart and you're very interested in it. But very much interested in your thoughts on what you hear because I know you're very knowledgeable about this space. But also I think we're all quite intrigued as to what Impossible Foods is and how that relates to this agenda if at all it does. Sure, yeah. Happy to answer that. Well, so I think we're all right to be very concerned about what Marco was reporting in this threat to wildlife on Earth. And it's easy to just kind of get depressed about it. But if you, the approach is let's understand what's causing it and then see if we can find a solution. And it turns out, and I'd be interested in Marco's view on this, but I think he hinted at that by a huge margin the driver of the meltdown in wildlife populations and biodiversity losses and species extinction is the use of animals in the food system, animal agriculture and the global fishing industry. Nothing else even comes close. And that's actually quite evident from the World Wildlife Fund report although it wasn't an explicit headline but reading between the lines it's extremely clear in their data. And recognizing that actually creates an opportunity. Why do I say this? Earth has a finite ability to support life. There's a fine amount of land, water, photosynthetic capacity that every living thing on Earth depends on. And effectively it's finite, which means that they're effectively competing for these resources. And the huge scale of animal agriculture and fishing is, it's so huge that it accounts, you know for, I mean for example the livestock population, it accounts for the majority of total biomass, animal biomass on Earth. At the expense of, it's kind of like a zero sum game, at the expense of all the other species that depend on the same resources. I'll just give you one illustration of this. The International Livestock Research Institute, which is an NGO, very pro livestock, better livestock is their motto, reported in 2011 that 45% of every square meter of land on Earth was actively in use in 2011 for animal agriculture. That's land that would otherwise be providing habitat for wild species. Okay, so that's identifying the problem. And beyond just the effect on biodiversity and wildlife, these same factors, the use of animals as technology for food production are huge environmental issues. This animal agriculture is by far the biggest user and polluter of water, according to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization. And it's a huge contributor to greenhouse gases and global warming. And in fact the biomass losses on the land that's used for animal agriculture historically and ongoing represent a huge kind of unaccounted cost because of their lower photosynthetic productivity, meaning less carbon being fixed on those lands and that doesn't even get counted in it. Okay, so, and actually among scientists who study these problems, this is all well recognized, it's not really a topic of debate. And yet, here we are at Davos where there's a lot of discussion about big global problems including big environmental problems. And the same was true at COP21. Virtually the impact of the use of animals for food production on the environment is barely talked about. And in fact it's kind of ironic if you do, as I do, want to avoid supporting that system by avoiding animal products in your diet, you could potentially starve to death in Davos. And in Paris I literally had to walk a mile outside of the conference center to be able to find any food that didn't have meat or fish or dairy in it. So there's this weird disconnect where it's a horrible problem. It's kind of recognized by people or experts but nobody wants to talk about it and confront it. And why is that? I think it's because the foods that we get from animals have such importance to billions of people around the world. It's a central part of their daily lives and the pleasure of eating those foods is a big part of the pleasure of living for, again, billions of people. And I would guess probably, if you took a poll, the favorite foods of most of those people are foods that we get from animals. So the sacrifice of giving up those foods is huge. And it's completely unrealistic to ask people to make such a huge sacrifice. You could try, it's not going to work. But there's a solution to the problem and that is that the problem isn't that people love these foods and depend on them. The problem is that we're producing them using this ancient, obsolescent technology, namely animals, to convert plant biomass, photosynthetic productivity into meat and fish and dairy foods. And that's something that I would say most people just feel like, well those things are completely inseparable. But actually if you look at, if you say, we've historically used this particular system to produce these foods we love, is there a better way that's more sustainable but can deliver everything that we value from those foods? And actually there is. It's completely feasible. And that's where kind of impossible foods comes in. So it's possible to produce meats and the other foods, but meats that satisfy uncompromising meat lovers provide the deliciousness, the entire sensory experience that they value, the nutrition they value, the affordability. By making those foods directly from plant ingredients, cow makes meat from plant ingredients, turns them into meat. It does an abysmal job of it because it didn't evolve for that purpose. It's possible to do it another way. And that's the impossible foods was founded to develop a practical scalable system for doing that. We've been working on for the past five years. I won't take you through the whole thing, but we spent a lot of time really trying to get a fundamental understanding of what underlies the properties in these foods that people value so much, the deliciousness, the entire sensory experience and so forth. It turns out if you look at it as a scientific problem, there are answers to that question. And once you understand it, you can take ingredients from plants directly and produce foods that deliver their experience. And can you produce foods that really satisfy what drives people to buy these foods? Yes, you can. And in fact, the evidence is that we now have our first product, which we just launched a few months ago, is being served by some of the best chefs in the best restaurants. In the world, people who are not just hardcore uncompromising chefs who will never compromise on this pleasure of eating with their customers, but they're meat chefs known for their meat. And they would not put something bad on the menu. Okay Patrick, so that's fantastic. It sounds like there's a technological solution which you've kind of been working on, which is now marketable as a sort of viable substitution product which has much less of the food quality. Much less of the footprint of any footprint. Far lower. Far lower. An eighth degree greenhouse gas, a quarter of the water usage and one twentieth the land requirement. So one twentieth the habitat. So you've got to ask about the price point. What's that? Is it expensive? Right now it is served in, so you could buy it in New York City a burger with fries on the side for I believe 12.99. One of the best restaurants in New York City run by David Chang, one of the best known and best chefs. And for that restaurant, I think it's the lowest price thing on the menu. Fabulous. When we're at scale. Can I ask you, what's the sort of the, do you call it a special kind of product? Is it like, what's the name for this meat variation that you've created? Is it impossible meat? What's it called? Yeah, well we have so far only one product, which is functionally equivalent to raw ground beef. You can, it's been served by the chef, it says tartar, it's been cooked. We want to look it up, what do we look up? Impossible burger we call it. Impossible burger. And there are a lot of reasons why we use that term. It sounds like one of the superheroes, you know. Impossible burger. So this is interesting. Many of you have been here at the forum. You've seen this idea of the fourth industrial revolution of new technologies, new innovations that can help perhaps to accelerate problem-solving. It sounds pretty exciting, but not only is this kind of an R&D thing, but it's already being sold in restaurants. The footprint of meat, and as you rightly say, of the livestock industry is huge. And it's something again, I think it goes back to this awareness raising. Many people don't realise these things. There was some analysis, 16,000 litres of water to make a kilo of meat. Marco, if I can come back to you. We've heard some pretty impressive innovations from industry on the ground dealing with small holders and livelihoods, and some pretty interesting innovations from technology. Given the fact that your organisation produced such a startling statistic that we'd lost 60% of all wild animals by backbone in those 42 years, is this offering hope, a speed and scale that is satisfying, or are we still kind of glass half-empty on this one, do you think? So, let me give you an opportunity now to spread some hope as well, because like I said, there are plenty of good news as well. They're not a scale yet, but there are plenty of good news. I mean, the media must have followed the story of the pandas now, not endangered any longer, the tiger numbers going up in the world. I mean, when we want, we can actually make a difference. This is definitely the direction. I would support completely what has been said just now, with the exception that beef is definitely one of the top commodities driving, and nature loss, the forestation as well as biodiversity loss, together with the other three, soy, which is actually connected to beef a lot, because a lot of what the cattle eat is soy-based. We don't realise how much soy we eat, but just eating a chicken and beef. The second one is palm oil, and we have to highlight that, because that's a bit different, and it's still a big driver in many regions of the world. The third one is timber, that continues to be when unsustainably managed. Timber, soy, beef and palm oil are the four key commodities that are really driving 80% per us of the forestation today. Now, the question is, technology is an answer. We call it sustainable in the intensification of the culture. Very often we're using a lot of land, a lot of water, a lot of resources to grow, while we could apply the right methods, not necessarily by technology, but perhaps by technology in some cases can also be helpful, we could save a lot of land. Together with a good regulation on the local level, this could be really dramatically reduced the footprint. And so basically we are talking about looking at our food system, primarily, and how we produce food with less land, with less water, with less resources in general. And then the energy dimension, of course. So moving into renewable, moving away from greenhouse gases, the fossil food that produces green and gases, the global warming, that's the second side of the story. So I have to say we're moving in that direction. I mean here in Davos we were together actually with Dominique, at a meeting with big businesses embracing sustainable commodities. Produced in a sustainable way. Smart way. The movement is there. Acceleration is what we need to see. And that's where we need to work together. So thank you, panellists. Let's see if there's any questions or comments from our audience here to any of the panellists on any of these topics, please. And remind us who you are so that the people watching at home can know who you are. My name is Faiza Nakvi. I'm from Amman Foundation in Pakistan. We focus on health care and education. So you actually answered some of the questions that I had been writing down earlier, which was what is the biggest contributing factor towards extinction. But I wanted to know that what are the factors that you feel we can easily mobilize because a lot of these things take time. So what is it that one can kind of tell people that, okay, if this is what you do, it's going to have this impact and have that exponential impact? And then there was one other question. And that was really more about, let's say, natural paper because a lot of timber is used for paper and pulp and things. So if you're going to be using man-made materials instead, what's going to be the effect of those in terms of being able to recycle and the effect on the world from that? Let's take a question before we go back to panel. Any other comments from the floor? One over here. I think you've laid out a really exciting case of how biodiversity conservation slowing a six extinction can often be very profitable. Win-win is Dominic referred to it. What do we do in situations where, and perhaps the rare, what do we do in situations where slowing a six extinction or preserving biodiversity is unprofitable? Perhaps a view of how common those situations are that we may face. I want to remind us who you are. I'm a professor at University of California, Santa Barbara. Rapid, any thoughts from our panel on the three things? Where can we inspire people to get involved in the movement? I understand what I'm doing and I can understand the outcome on this. Perhaps on the substitution side, into other materials, does that have other impacts for the downstream and recycling and such? What about when there isn't a win-win, as Pat has said, where we just can't find that economic case for the challenge? Maybe if we start with you, Pat, if that's okay, and kind of work that way? Sure. Can pick any or all of those topics? I think that one of the first questions was, you know, these so-called technology-based solutions will take a long time. But actually, I'll just say, in possible foods, we are building a plan where we have every intention and we're committed to it to scale to the point where we can replace the majority of the food that comes from animals with food that's produced by the technology that we've developed. It's fundamentally feasible. And the strategy that we're using for it to work has to be market-based. We have to deliver something that consumers prefer to the products that they get from the incumbent industries, or we won't achieve our mission. But it's clear that it's completely doable. And because the fundamental economics are so much better. If you're more resource-efficient, you're more dollar-efficient. And because all those resources have a cost associated with that. So what are your scale targets? I mean, in the next five years, what are your aspirations for growth on this? Well, the simple answer is as fast as possible. Wonderful.   We're starting with one product. We have a bunch of others in the pipeline. We'd like to have the approaching double-digit fraction of the U.S. market within five years. It requires a lot of scaling because, well, I should, you know, unfortunately for the environment, but Americans consume an unbelievable amount of meat. Just the amount of ground beef consumed alone is 10 billion pounds a year in the U.S. So it's a scaling issue, but it's completely doable. And I think that it would be great if there were non-market-based solutions to the problem that were realistic. But I think on the time scale that we need to solve this problem, the only thing that can work fast enough is to leverage the power of the free market, basically, by making a product that consumers prefer. Got it. Well, we wish impossible foods all the very best that sounds like a fabulous kind of innovation. Ada, to any or all of those questions that you heard. Any thoughts? Well, we can prevent extinction of species by providing them the ecosystem and habitat to live in. So the quickest way to actually make things happen very quickly is basically to encourage as many companies and countries as possible to adopt zero deforestation policy. That's one thing that I would like to stress. And of course, the companies should implement recycling also, circular economy. That's basically the basis of what my company is implementing, their sustainability policy, zero deforestation, SDGs, landscape approach, circular economy. That's the basis and the metrics where we measure ourselves against. And recycling products, that's one thing. Yes, we produce recycled products, but the recycled products can only process fiber for power five times and cannot do more than that. So we do still need virgin fiber for power protection, but the key is we have to make sure that the virgin fiber that we use for our power and paper production must come from zero deforestation sources and responsibly manage. I think that's very key. Ada, thank you very much. And thank you for the leadership that you're showing in the paper and power industry in Indonesia.  And we've heard from industry innovation and technological innovation to the marketplace. The last word is yours, sir. Thank you. On your question about what can we do, basically, I mean, obviously it depends very much on the country and the circumstances, but broadly speaking, two things. In our daily life, we cannot really do anything. Based on what we eat, what we choose to eat, based on how we choose to use the energy, the power of our life. There's so many behaviors to avoid waste and to choose the right things sustainably grown or renewable energy when available and, of course, is increasingly available. So a lot of stuff that we can do individually. Food, energy, I would say, and the last 20 finances. Even our little deposits. Let's make sure that they are not invested into things that damage the environment. We can talk to our asset managers and say, I want my money to be invested in green activities, not in activities that I don't agree with. Three dimensions there. On your interesting question, that's a tricky one, but I would say it's difficult to answer to the general question you posed. It's not a question of perspective and timeframe. I'll give you an example. If you are a grower or palm oil, conserving orangutans in Indonesia or in Borneo, it's a problem. It's not a profitable proposition. But like it's happening now in Sabah, Malaysia, where the tourism industry is so strong and based on forest experience, tropical rainforest experience, and there is such a strong sector now basing Malaysia, Sabah in particular, where the government, by the way, has invested a lot. They are now beginning to see that conservation orangutan is super profitable and they are beginning to be a force of opposition towards further, against further clearing. So it's a question of perspective, timeframe. But I think the timeframe is quite interesting because increasingly we are beginning to realise the profitability of nature conservation. And that, for some sectors particularly, is quite now beginning to be a strong innovation. Wonderful. So thank you very much to our panel and thank you for listening both here in Davos and across the internet. That was a brief introduction to the scale of the challenge of the sixth great extinction and some pretty interesting innovations from across civil society business and new arrivals in the, I want to say kind of food industry, if I may, because it sounds like this could be fascinating if we get to double digit growth in the US market for impossible food. So to Asia, paper and pulp, WWF, and impossible foods, thank you very much and have a great day. Thank you.


24-20, this guy that made all the difference. Howdy. I came up in this stadium a whole bunch of times and I've been at this same podium and I ain't had no smile. So it's good to come in here and smile. It's good to do our job. I love this for him. We said this all along. It's so rare that these big deals get given out and then it comes to fruition. Like it was great. It was worth it. All the eyebrow-wazing was for nothing. And in those two playoff losses to KC, the Bills had three sacks, you guys. Three sacks. They couldn't get anywhere near Mahomes, right? Like Mahomes picked them apart in both of those games. Yesterday, this guy, the guy who got paid, the guy who was such a ballsy move to give him that contract and bring him in to do all of that, Von Miller got to Mahomes twice by himself. Okay? Both of those sacks forced Chief's punts and pressured Mahomes into throwing that game ceiling interception that I could not believe he threw to Taryn Johnson and Von had a hand in that. Like...


It's going to be interesting for us to have other perspectives on this election. And with Mr. Akita, he's going to give us his view of how Asia is seeing this election coming up and what it means for Asian countries and also maybe allude also to Taiwanese elections. Okay. Thank you very much for having me. Since I'm from one of the most dangerous geostrategic locations, surrounded by Russia, North Korea, and China, and Japan is just next to a Taiwan Strait and Korean Peninsula, and Russia has been occupying Japanese territory for about 70 years. So please allow me to be a bit, allow me to present a bit pessimistic view. In that context, I'd like to make three points. One is about the prospect of US presidential election. I don't go into detail because he gave us a lot of details. Then secondly, it's implication US presidential election implication for Asia or for US allies and partners. And then thirdly, about the Taiwan presidential election next January. So first, prospect of US presidential election. I traveled to southern part of US last month, like Georgia, to meet many Mr. Trump's supporters and I did. And that reminded me that two things, one, they are very, very serious. They are seriously supporting Mr. Trump. But more importantly, many people say that US economic situation is terrible, though objective economic data says unemployment rate is quite low and the US economy is kind of growing. So I asked the political scientist about it and they say it is bipartisan bias. So people do not accept objective data anymore. So this means that I think that US election next year is not a topic to analyze based on objective data because people don't buy it. But rather it is defact political civil war. So if it is political civil war, maybe prospect would be very, very highly polarized and whether Mr. Biden or Mr. Trump will win, it's going to further deepen the division of the United States. So that is my first prospect on US presidential election. And secondly, second point, implication of US presidential election to US allies, whether Mr. Trump will become president or not, I think that US election will further accelerate so-called plan A dash trend. Plan A, plan A world is the world in which US maintain dominant power and strong leadership so that US allies or partners could keep riding on US security umbrella or US leadership. That is a plan A world but maybe first Trump administration brought world to plan A dash world. So we are now at the plan A dash world. That is US allies or partner still keep relying on US military presence or leadership to some extent but realize that plan A is not sustainable anymore. So make more effort to defend itself or to make more security or military contribution to sustain US military commitment. For example, Japan made a decision to launch biggest military buildup after World War II and namely double its defense budget within five years. And also Japan reached out to reaching out to Australia, UK, South Korea, France to enhance security cooperation to support or complement US military presence in the Pacific. So I think that US presidential election will be highly polarized and if of course it is, if Mr Trump get elected, the world will further accelerate the shift from plan A to plan A dash. But even if Mr Biden get elected, people it will highlight how US will be, US have to change, face the challenge internally. So I think regardless who will be elected, the world will accelerate plan A dash trend. But for the country who can, but some of the country maybe plan A dash that is to sustain US military commitment or leadership will even maybe for some country it will not be possible. Maybe Middle East, US is reducing footprint. So for that country next year will be the beginning of the real plan B world. So my point is that shift from plan A to plan A dash or plan B world. So that is the second point. And third and last point is about the Taiwan presidential election next January. I think that whether ruling parties candidate or official parties candidate win, there will be a common ground that is a status quo, maintenance of status quo. According to a public poll, majority of Taiwan people really wants to maintain status quo. So if ruling party candidate win, maybe they try to, he will try to keep a distance from mainland China, but will not call for independent. If opposition party leader will win the presidency, maybe he will try to embrace more dialogue with China, but will not embrace China's economic or political sphere of influence to the extent to change the status quo. So that is a prediction. Thank you. Thank you. Well, it's interesting because Isabel said these elections are not really going to count because it's not going to change much afterwards. Because what matters is what's going to happen on the battlefield in Ukraine and in Israel. And you're saying that whatever the elections are going to bring about in the States, definitely we're going to see an importance lessening for the United States as the big ally.


Hell for more credits more money. He's got the he's got the dunk pods coming through boy and now Palico and then I'll be ready or Tail writers and I'll be ready You're going hammer burst a nice 20 defense if you want to ever add that to your collection cool. I have enough mats probably I Probably have enough mats for that you're not done. I thought they said they were done I've been farming you're going like half the stream. Hey, let's get up there and We'll do another nerd gigante. I still have to refill my stuff though I'm gonna post the quest first Escalation point session and chat if you guys want to join us Post this quest real quick. This is the right one. I think they're both the same Yeah, I will now Refill my items I have the sleep herbs, but I don't have the I do have the parish rooms About to see what I'm doing wrong Whatever happens to the Dauntless. I don't see it play as much anymore. We ran out of stuff to do in Dauntless Everybody's waiting for more content. Yeah Pretty much everybody that played Dauntless before is They're in a holding pattern waiting for the content and we're waiting for the sale vendor We're waiting for the sale vendor. Let's I mean everybody who got to the end game of Dauntless agreed that cells were Kind of ridiculous to farm. They were worse than decorations in this game Because you got a loot box and you got to open the loot box and Hope you got a sale out of loot box and in Dauntless And here in decorations you can farm them from the monsters, but I really feel like the cells were worse system There's people. I know there's people that play for 3 400 hours and they didn't get anything And the thing is they had a big patch slated for August. They hyped it up And uh The weird thing is that they broke it in the parts and said that's more content and I think it confused a lot of people I was like, no, that's That's not more content when you break up a patch in the multiple parts. That's just That's just dragging it out. Well, yeah, I'm also under is better. It better be better That's like mine That's like my my my rebuttal to that. It's like it better be better I mean You don't want a free to play game show you up, you know I got the tip of his tail All right, let's put this let's let's paralyze them chat one two three four That fourth one stuck in the perfect time didn't it chat? Blur Say hello to my little friend Okay, I'm good.  I still can't craft paralysis ammo too. I'm missing something Oh, what is this? sleep sleep You love to see it chat You absolutely love to see it. Oh, let's use this other weapon.  Sorry to knock you back The catalyst is what I'm missing So I need the what is it the honey and the The berries in my inventory to craft the catalyst It's okay I'm having fun sleeping them even if we don't do anything with it. I got the wrong ammo out There we go. So let's get the stickies going again.  I'm sorry. Does that put your teammates to sleep? If it puts your teammates to sleep That is so trollish Oh, that's so trollish I thought that was normal ammo. I moved to it. I moved to sleep ammo He doesn't like me. I really hope that's not the case that might that We're gonna snipe him chat. We're doing it Quiet target turn the key Look at them big numbers Look at them big numbers chat. Oh Hey, that's kind of not big Oh, I'm reloading. This is bad. It doesn't matter. He's good I'm gonna flash him Okay. Don't do right click because on that it gives people epilepsy epilepsy Meh Meh Meh Meh Meh We gotta flash pods on there ready. I seem to have not brought any barrels I am machine, are you ready? I'm doing it We kind of blew him up chat So I need to bring those bombs with me. I still got the small bombs on my um My inventory now, I know that you can craft them. I didn't think you could craft them. I thought they were like a Special thing, but you can craft them. So I'll just craft a bunch of them sweet Christmas That was nuts and just the case You got ancestors who want to come and bring it I got some for them, too They didn't do anything wasted that wyvern ammo. Are you loose cage fan? Yeah, I like the series on Netflix But I did read Power Man and Armpis growing up on the Palico. That is a nice kill-screen Look at the barrel Look at the barrel chat the barrel is like Zeno G is appeared Should we farm it I need I need I need to farm it Who wants to come farm Zeno? I Need to farm Zeno chat. I just use the same same stuff I've never done heavy bow gun on Zeno G though. This is gonna be interesting You guys want to farm it? I'll understand if you don't want to come some people don't like farming them Yeah, I don't like farming him with SOS DBR in You know why? Because it's like pub group times times pain I'll just go with this. I Don't like doing SOS is with it. I really don't I rather do it like on stream with you guys I have a much better success rate with us with my viewers and I do on bubbles Okay, let's go ahead and eat and I'll post a quest Yeah, but I don't want to do SOS with that. I don't oh Gosh We got a farm Zeno chat Oh, I got new optionals, let's realize that some of these completes are gone if you ever get back on the monitor For my PC and I'll hop in until I look until the shadow shadows. All right, man. Have a great one You guys are awesome Okay, I don't I got to figure out how to fight him with bow gun.  I'm probably gonna need a better armor potion Then just hard chill. I used all my make all I got a armor skin. Let's use that We use that to start with All this trap stuff is not gonna help. Do I have any mega nutrients or anything? I got demon drugs Crap, I can't take that. Let's replace that with demon drugs mega demon drugs and I Think I'll be ready Just in case I died you need to aim them differently. So do you need to aim them in front of them? Sticky the head use other shots on the feet. All right. I might just I might just spam like normal breeze on his feet but I fought him with hammer with hunting horn with bow Charge blade. I've never fought him with a heavy bow gun. He's got snipe. That was so messed up That was so messed up. Oh messed up. I can't believe that. Oh My gosh, all right, let's let me let me recover. That was mean. He spawned and got snipe chat and he protected me. Oh You would move this What is he doing? I'm gonna go for this tail.  He moved Well, I got his foot chat. This might hurt. I got the ball. Okay. I thought he was gonna shoot a fireball at me Oh, that was a boulders. Got him chat. He is paralyzed. Oh That wasn't long and he dodged the chat. Did you see how he dodged that? For the love of Pete He actually stood up. I felt good block all your shenanigans, sir By block I mean reload while you're doing the move. Yep.  Oh, wait, let's do it. Let's do it. This is our move. This is our time It's my time now We must Wyvern snipe this butt I got most of it. Oh good man. I think I'm out of stickies chat doing here This is gonna hurt Don't fart on me. What are you going dude? Yeah, we're out of uh, oh, no, we are. I just ran a sticky one my bad. I reason ran a sticky one What's happening chat?  What it woke him up It doesn't matter. We did get his tail though. You can't flash him out of that. Can you don't use cluster here?  It's so embarrassing so do this all day when That would have been a good shot to see the old somebody shot. Did you see that movement? He just turned as the animals in the air, man Where's my pierce ammo? I don't hardly use it not for this gun. I could use it But this gun is not known for uh Let me get an optimal range It's not known for Pierce No, but see my pierce is not good If I was bow if I had a good pierce, you know range here Actually, I got a good further back. No, no. Yep. See I get like ones and sixes. I'd rather do this Yeah, see that's that's that's a lot more effective When he doesn't move his head that last one missed You didn't see that I still hit him somehow Crafted freakin. Oh the block took off my block For safety Stop moving so much, man. Don't move.  You can die now, sir. I think I'm out of everything chat Actually, no, I'm not. Okay. What's up, Nighthawk? How you doing, dude?


The national broadcasting company presents Joe McCrae in tales of the Texas Rangers Tonight transcribed from Hollywood another authentic re-enactment of a case from the files of the Texas Rangers The tales of the Texas Rangers starring Joel McCrae as Ranger Jase Pearson Texas more than 260,000 square miles And 50 men will make up the most famous and oldest law enforcement body in North America The Texas Rangers come these stories based on facts only names dates and places are fictitious for obvious reasons The events themselves are a matter of record case for tonight can death It is 1 15 a.m. January 26, 1940 Bob Farragut a rancher comes awake slowly as his eyes open a wave of nausea sweeps over him And he breaks into a cold sweat He throws back the covers staggers to his feet noticing that his wife has left her place beside him May May where are you? May What's the matter? Why are you out of bed? Yeah, I feel kind of funny myself.  You're all perspired About what can it be? I don't know. Let's draw coming down with a flu or something Kids acted kind of funny before they went to bed. I was up with him about 11 o'clock They were complaining about stomach aches. Wait We better go have a look at them. They feel like we do. I'm gonna call the doc Yeah They they seem to be all right now both sleeping better close the window by pete's bed Janet's got covers kicked off. I'll put a quilt over We better get back to bed ourselves have doc out in the morning What is it what's mad at Janet's face There's the funny don't go getting yourself excited. I'll wake her up Janet Janet wake up, baby Janet P.D. Wake up, P.D. Doc gotta call the doc right away May may gotta get him Get somebody to have Gotta get downstairs to the phone But two days later when a neighbor noticed Farragas milk cows wandering in pain as the result of not being milked The sheriff was summoned along with a medical examiner who made a preliminary diagnosis of poisoning The bodies were moved into town for autopsy and the sheriff called for the aid of a Texas ranger Ranger Jase Pearson was assigned Everything in this medicine cabinet seems to be innocent enough Jase your deputy check the garbage cans and refuse bins Yeah, no empty bottle of any kind just a few cans vegetable peel and stuff like that I'll need some wrapping to pack these bottles in so they can be flown to the lab for examination probably find what you need downstairs At least I've been in office nine years, and this is a dirtiest killing I've ever had Seem pretty sure this wasn't an accident not with kids being affected Farragas are a lot of careful people Carpooling up.  See it if I knew that I wouldn't be standing here. They got to do something about this I don't want anybody getting away with it. You can post a $5,000 reward for the killer in my name Make it 10 make it anything. I got it easy sit down. I know how you feel Sheriff tells me you own half this place. That's right. Ranger. How come you haven't been out here in a couple of days Well, I don't live on the place. It was just an investment to me I got a hardware store in town living there. I see You know anybody who was packing a grudge against the Farragas Against Bob and me and those kids you take a madman to want to hurt them Jace that's dark scar come on out. Good. Why does everything take so long? Everybody's staying around waiting instead of doing something. There's no point in doing anything until you know what you're doing And doc tells us what killed the Farragas will have something to trace. Oh, I'm sorry. All right, mr. Mag Howdy, howdy doc, you know said this is Ranger Pierce. Hello, sir. Hey, Ranger Yeah, the results of the art of season kind of surprising sheriff death in all four cases is accidental No doubt about it deaths were caused by botulism. What's that? It's the result of improper home cannon Stammer content showed the Farragas had made their last meal on green beans Potatoes and canned sausage meat. There's nothing in that to kill them. Yes. There is mr. Mag the Doc's right cannon me at home is tricky business said should be done under steam pressure at high temperature If it isn't a bacteria forms and it's plenty deadly. You sure that's what killed him dog bacteria was unmistakable Sheriff it was the sausage meat nothing else Guess we should be thankful in a way. It's nice to know it wasn't murder dead Just from sitting down to a meal and they're all dead Well, Jace looks like I brought you down here for nothing. I don't know sheriff Looks like we've got a real job on our hands anyhow What do you mean ranger a sheriff and I have fine combed the house There's nothing in there. That's home can and no equipment for home canning. Yeah, that's right All we did find was one cannon jar on the kitchen green board must have been washed out along with the dishes from the last meal Hey, are you sure that wasn't even a steam boiler big enough for home canning No woman doesn't just put up one jar She cans and batches and the whole batch might be contaminated women do pass out samples of their home cannon to neighbors and friends That jar must have been a gift quite a gift like a stick of dynamite with a lighted fuse Somebody around here must have a pantry full of poison and they don't know it You mean what happened to the Farragut's could happen to somebody else? It will happen to somebody else if we don't find out where that sausage meat came from and fast Sheriff you better get all your deputies and a bunch of volunteers out here right away We need them to make direct contact with anybody in the area who can't be reached by phone Got to warn anybody that may have given the Farragut's that sausage meat I'll call them right away. Ask the phone company to put on a staff and make calls to every listing right James Is there anything I can do Ranger you get your car you can take an area when the sheriff and I map it out I can help you there I'd rather use you in another way if you don't mind doc drive into town go to the newspaper in the local radio station Ask him to get out a warning right You want me to come back then no you better stand by in town and pray that we don't bring in another case for the hospital of the morgue For five days and nights we covered the territory the shacks and farms and ranch houses without phones and then doubled back on the Phone listings that hadn't answered running down the whereabouts of people away on business trips or vacations But we couldn't locate the source of the contaminated meat If only somebody come forward and admit that they can to stuff the Farragut's eight We'd know we were safe. They may be afraid of being held responsible for the deaths There's something to wonder about yeah, we're almost back to my office. Maybe one about the men has left a report What time is it almost midnight? Yeah, here we are That's right. This is Ranger Pearson. Hello. What can I do for you? My name is Burton? I just came down from Dallas. I'm an investigator for the Midland and Frontier Insurance Company We understand that you're still investigating the death of the Farragut family Well, we're trying to find the source of the stuff that killed him if that's what you mean And this isn't a criminal investigation. No death's were accident. What's your interest, mr. Burton? Well ranger It is unusual for an entire family to be killed except for a highway accident of a fire some natural calamity The Farragut's were all heavily insured by my company I'm just making a routine check up before we pay the beneficiaries claim with thirty thousand dollars thirty thousand dollars You say your company insured all the Farragut's that's right $10,000 each and fired his wife five thousand each on the children all the Farragut's are dead though Who is a beneficiary mr. Farragut's partner Sid Mac? Sid Mac How long ago were those policies written mr. Burton a little over a year ago when the partnership was formed? That's the main reason my company wanted to make certain about your investigation It's a matter of routine for partners to insure each other, but but this involved Farragut's whole family. Yes However, since there's no criminal investigation, we'll have to honor mr. Max claim. Thanks for your time, sir At just a second mr. Burton yes, if I were you I wouldn't recommend payment of that claim just yet But the sheriff just said that there's no criminal investigation. There wasn't a minute ago, but there is now You are listening to tales of the Texas Rangers starring Joel McCrae as ranger chase Pearson We continue now with tonight's case can death an authentic story from the files of the Texas Rangers In the morning sheriff Kingman got a search warrant for Sid Mac's house Mac had already left for the hardware store, but we were admitted by his hired girl She was young and frightened. She watched us in silence as we started our search and then disappeared Nothing in here Jay's Nothing in the pantry either. Let's try the attic That girl scooted mine a quick didn't she She probably told Mac what we're doing by now gonna kept her here until we were through doesn't make any difference He'd know sooner or later If anything's here, he won't be able to stop us from finding this door here We're not gonna find anything Jay's if there was more that contaminated food He'd be stupid to have it around and if he did kill the Farragut.  No job is perfect. There's always a slip someplace Let's move those crates, okay Nothing in these things Jay's better look on those barrels too. Yeah Hey, hold it somebody's coming upstairs Mac. I reckon you're the ranger up there chair. That's right Mac What's the idea just having a look around Mac? We've got a search warrant Maybe gonna need more than a search warrant.  That's why we're here I've got a legitimate insurance claim, but you've stopped it from being paid It'll be paid in due time if it should be paid is that soul ranger? Well, let me tell you something I think the way you stop that claim constitute slander you think of any reason why I shouldn't slap a lawsuit on the two of you No, Mac not anymore and I can think of a reason why you insured Farragut's wife and two kids Then maybe I'll give you the reasons sheriff Farragut knew I had him all insured you can't insure somebody without them knowing it the company will tell you that Farragut is my friend you understand that my friend Sure, I insured his wife if he'd lost her and been left with the two kids He'd need somebody to take care of him and that cost money Farragut could have been sure to himself So I did it for him and I love these kids. I don't have any and they were like my own The policies I had on them weren't just life insurance policies They were endowment policies to to pay for the education. Now. What's wrong about that sheriff? Nothing wrong If what you're saying is true ask the insurance man ask him Out of the ranch before we found out what killed the Farragut's when we thought they'd been murdered I offered to put up everything I have as a reward didn't I was didn't I? Yes, Mac you did. I'm glad you mentioned that Mac because it brought something to my mind Something that's been trying to register and you just brought it out. What do you mean? How long you've been in the hardware business? 11 years why? Because when doc told us the Farragut's died from food poisoning from food that wasn't canned properly He had to draw you a blueprint. You didn't seem to know anything about it. I don't know anything about it No, don't you sell canning equipment at the hardware store? Well, we can go over to the store and have a look Mac all right So I sell canning equipment any hardware store does what does that prove companies that make canning equipment usually put out Instruction booklets to telling how the equipment should be used and those booklets contain a warning about the possibility of food poisoning Maybe they do I never read one of them kid me Mac Man who's been handling a line for 11 years has to know the answers when customers ask about the stuff He's selling if he doesn't he doesn't last 11 years in the business. You're covering up Mac. It doesn't look good So it doesn't look good All right, Sheriff. What are you gonna do about it? Arrest me for telling the lie. Don't be smart like I don't even know why I'm bothered to talk to you You got your warrant go ahead and search But you're not gonna find anything here. No canning equipment and no canned sausage meat to go ahead search your heart out Mac wasn't hedging anymore having him out in the open made me feel uncomfortable He was too defiant too sure of himself We finished our search, but we found nothing started back for the sheriff's office He knows something about those desges practically told us so right to our faces. I know we can't prove anything Yeah, he could have brought canning equipment home from the store could have taken it any place Then ditched it when he was finished. He'd need more than just the equipment sheriff What hog meat might have bought a hogger had one butchered at some farm around here But which one we checked every house in the territory once warning them about the meat I reckon we'll have to check them again from a different angle be a job Some folks off in the backwoods keep a hog or two. We'll check them all I'm towing a double horse trailer We can load your mount in with charcoal in case we need them for the woods or hill country Matter of fact places off the beaten trail might be our best bet I know it's gonna be done. Jayce, but even if we find a place can't jail him for buying hog meat Just the same it's our next step and it might be the step that starts Mack on his way to a cell It was work grim routine discouraging work the game of questions and answers without ever getting the right answer In three days. We checked all the spots that could be reached by car, and then we switched to the horses and rode into the backwoods These backwards people are kind of tight mouth. Yeah, so I've noticed I guess they figure the world doesn't want to share the troubles So they hold up back here You see what I mean next place we come to crazy Annie crazy Annie. That's what the collar She isn't really crazy just kind of strange as a son feeble minded They had him at the state of Salem for a while, but he was harmless, so they let him go The old lady came into the woods with him and they've been here ever since they got hogs. Yeah Couple of chickens. That's about all I have got. Oh, yeah They've got one other thing the meanest dog in the state of Texas. Keep your eye open for him when we ride them Don't they keep him tired? Yeah. Yeah, but he chews loose hates everybody, but the old lady and her son Places just through this puff of trees Hey, hold it sheriff.   Yeah, never know how he's gonna act I don't see any dog any place. No first time I come here that he hasn't tried to sample my pants Oh, there's the old lady coming out of the shack now. Yeah, I see her Howdy, honey Why do you come to frighten him? We don't mean him any harm ma'am. We just came to see you Where's your dog Annie? I don't want him sneaking up on me. Never came for him He's dead and look Christ for him. He's afraid in the night without the dog Maybe you're just as well off Annie that how it might have turned on you sometime How the hogs coming see the sow has a new litter those sucklings ought to make good canning Maybe you got some canned meat that I could buy Nothing can't not until we butcher. That's true. Jay's Ford check their shells when we were warning everybody. I see You ever give any canned sausage meat to the Farragut? Why people always asking me that you know the Farragut's are dead don't shanning Yeah, if you never gave anything to the Farragut's did you ever give or sell any canned sausage to Sid Mack? Artie hog meat or even a live hog Well, did you any you've got a right to sell what you own? I don't know the man you talk about now Don't lie to us Annie. We're friends.  I Never did He never come up here All right any want to write on Jay's no sense trying to catch Luke when he's scary like he is today He can't even talk. Yeah, let's go. Goodbye, ma'am. Good. Bye Of course, it's hard to tell with anybody like that Jay's but she seemed to tighten up when you mentioned Sid Mack She did her hands start to work nerves and the boy Luke ran when he saw me Of course, he's done that before they can give us any information. It isn't gonna be easy to get I got an idea. Maybe a wrong one, but it's worth a shot Let's turn back for town. Come on. Come on boy You're gonna tackle Mac again. No, I want to see the doctor There's a complete chapter on botulism in this book Jase Now what was it? You wanted to know this food poisoning from improper canning doc Does it always happen? I mean if the batch wasn't cooked the proper length of time Or if it wasn't sealed under the proper steam pressure, would it necessarily be poisoned? No Not necessarily it could be all right. I just want to make sure what your point is if Mac put up that Contaminated meat. He'd have no way of knowing it was bad without testing it So since she wouldn't test it on himself. He didn't test it on anybody else either There'd have been another death or somebody sick enough for doc to know about Mac wouldn't have gambled on the Farragut's just getting sick He wouldn't have even gotten the food to him unless he was sure it was deadly Well, he could have tested it on an animal would an animal eat that food doc Meat it seemed all right by taste or smell Yes, yes an animal would eat it. That's all I wanted to know doc Sheriff we're going for another ride in the woods. I think I know what for shouldn't take two guesses We're gonna dig up Luke's dog and send it to the lab at Austin. I want to know what that dog died from We took deputy Ford with us to stay on guard and keep all Annie and Luke from leaving their shack We dug up the dog and sent it to Austin the answer fit death by food poisoning Sheriff and I rolled back to the shack in the woods old Annie was white and shaking in her son huddled in a corner His eyes enormous and frightened his lips numb Annie believe me. Nobody's gonna hurt you or Luke, but you've got to help us You had no reason to harm the Farragut's we know that but we're after the man who did have a reason I don't know I don't know what you have to do is tell us was Mac here Did you sell him anything or can anything on his direction? I Guess it's no use Jay. Yeah, we can try again when we get to town any your local have to come with us. We're taking in We're only taking you into town. I wouldn't have to do that if you or your mother dance them a question The lion ball they want to take me back there Max wait on the chair Where did mr. Max say that we're gonna take you Luke? You know where the police when it took me before Luke I won't let him so I think he means you sound what he does mean. That's the key to why he won't talk Wait, I got a hunch Luke Mac isn't a good man.  Well, he did didn't he? No He was always giving me stuff to feed him You're getting to him Jay We don't want to send you away Luke Mac lied. He's the one he wants to send you away No, he tried to help me He told me who was trying to have me send back there. It was mr. Farragut Don't tell him Luke don't say any more. You better let him talk Annie because if Mac didn't kill the Farragut's then Luke did Mr. Mac said I should be nice to mr. Farragut and his wife then they wouldn't send me away What do you mean by telling you to be nice? He said I should go and bring him a present He gave me the present to bring Something nice for them to eat something a jar something canned. Yeah The same kind of stuff the oldest kept giving me to feed my dog My dog died and mr. Farragut and his ladies the little babies they died, too Answer Jay's making him an accessory to the murder of four people I know but with Luke's background and with a smart defense attorney in court scaring him and confusing him Luke's story Wouldn't hold up Mac could get away with it But what else can we do gotta find the rest of that food and prove it passed through Mac's hands He had a batch of it kept feeding the dog samples until he found a jar that was deadly Annie Your boys in trouble. You know that don't you? How much of that stuff did Mac bring up here? right They kept it here someplace in the woods second what he fed the dog He didn't tell us why and after the dog died That's when he got the jar from his hiding place for Luke to take to the Farragut's wasn't it Luke never know what killed the dog till after Mr. Farragut you thank me. Give me half dollar Latest she smiled at me pretty Luke. Do you know where Mac hid that food? Did you see him digging any place? Did you follow him? I never know where he kept it. He always went over the hill Way over where it's all rock that rock formation across the gully Jason about a mile from here Think you left the stuff there. Yeah, it wouldn't be safe for him to cart around. He had to leave it someplace. Come on Gonna need more men the sheriff may have an all-night digging party boy Yeah, sir. Just water in the house. Well hop on your partner when hit for the nearest ranch Get on the phone and call for deputies tell them to bring shovels and keep the mouth shut about where they're going I want them up here right away We dug by flashlight and torch light finally we found it a burlap sack loaded with jars of sausage meat canned death We rushed back to town and just after dawn a fingerprint crew flew in from Austin. I held my breath All we needed was a print one fingerprint belonging to Sid Mac. We got it more than one There were sets on every jar By that time his store was open and we went for Well Sheriff and the ranger What bright ideas have you got this time? You got an idea. We're gonna lock you up, Mac You can drop that smile Mac Luke was just as scared of us as he was of you. We know the whole story Yeah Guess fellas with your mentality might believe Luke but a jury won't you know what the law says about a reasonable doubt We also found a few buried samples of your canning Mac with your fingerprints all over the jar Just yours so Like you once said I sell canning equipment and I handle the stuff I sell so my prints were on the jars Smart isn't he Sheriff regular genius. Thanks. Sorry. I can't return the compliment You just like all the smart ones Mac. You just made one mistake.  Sheriff. I'm not resisting. I'm not touching anything All right Better lock the door Mac. You won't be coming back Said Mac was brought to trial on August 3rd 1940 He was convicted of premeditated murder and on April 19th 1941. He died in the electric chair Next week Joel McCrae in another authentic re-enactment of a case from the files of the Texas Rangers Joel McCrae is currently seen starring in the Universal International Technicolor production Frenchy tonight's cast included Tony Barrett Paul Freese Virginia Greg will write Ken Christie Joe Forte Edmund McDonald and Don Diamond This story was transcribed and adapted by Joel Mercott and the program was produced and directed by Stacey teach Hal Gibney speaking Three chimes mean good times on NBC Gordon Macrae sings for you tomorrow evening as the railroad hour presents a melodic adaptation of the dramatic opera Madame Butterfly Gordon's guest for this railroad hour presentation is lovely soprano Nadine Connor and your Monday of music tomorrow Also includes a concert by the voice of Firestone with guest artist Eugene Conley Bill Baker asks the $64 question next on NBC