All right. Awesome. Welcome everybody to the April edition of the wikimedia tech talk This month's edition will be sharing global opportunities for new developers in the Wikipedia community the presenter is the Shristi Sethi and She's a developer developer advocate the technical engagement team at the at the foundation This will be stream 5 over YouTube and you'll be able to put questions in the YouTube chat box as well as ask questions in the IRC channel for this month's talk, we're going to go ahead and collect the questions and then Do written answers and post them to the wikimedia monthly tech talk page In the area that is for this talk So as always we have these talks monthly. They're open to you all members of the wikimedia technical community We invite you to reach out if you have an idea for a talk We'd love to hear it and there's a link here at the bottom Without further ado Here is Shristi Do you see my slides? Yes, we do Hello everyone and welcome to this tech talk. I'm Shristi and as Sarah mentioned I am a developer advocate at the wikimedia foundation Through my work, I get to work a lot with new developers mostly through wikimedia's participation in mentoring programs like Google summer of code and Today I will be sharing with you some opportunities. We have for new developers in the wikipedia community So this is a bit about today's talk agenda. I will talk about wikimedia ecosystem first and highlight a bit about our technical community and Then I will share with you some share with you some technical areas and projects. We have four new developers So before I dive into wikimedia ecosystem, I want to confuse you for a few seconds here Some of you might be familiar with all of these logos on this slide and if so, that's great And it's really wonderful for those of you who don't know or Folks who are external to the organization. I want to share that all of these They are different but in a way also connected So wikipedia needs no introduction and then media wiki. It's the software behind wikipedia and Also, it's sister sites Then wikimedia foundation it's the nonprofit which is based out of San Francisco and it supports and promotes wikipedia And it's and it's just a project that I will share. I will share with you shortly and Then we can lend it to you because it's also a quick collaborative editing online so all the wiki sites are projects that you might have heard or projects that are associated with wikimedia they have all stemmed from the same concept and So what is wikimedia movement then wikimedia movement is interesting because it's everything it encompasses all these projects support structures and thousands and thousands of volunteers who help us do this work and Everybody is working towards this single vision of a world in which every single human being Can freely share in the sum of all knowledge One of our volunteer contributors They have made this visual representation to show how different PCs are connected together So if you look at it wikimedia foundation is really at the center. It's the key organization that owns the projects that you have heard and Then not only that it recognize recognizes the work of a lot of different organizations that are Helping us support the work of wikimedia in their own communities And all of this the work that we do on Projects and the work we do as part of different organizations is possible with support from volunteers We also have trademarks that anybody can use with permissions from wikimedia foundation if they're interested in Promoting wikimedia's work in their community but we are not wiki leaks and If you may have noticed then it's not even a wiki Lot of people ask us this question how we are related to them. So we are not and Then we also are not directly associated with other wikis that you might have heard There are over 30,000 wikis that use the media wiki software, but we are not really Connected with them in any way So this was a bit about the wikimedia movement Now I will highlight about our technical community a bit So you might be wondering who makes technical contributions to wikipedia community So last year we gathered these statistics So this is a geographic distribution of wikimedia volunteer developers And if you look at this map, you will see that a lot of people from Europe, Asia and North America They contribute to our projects We see less participation from Africa South America and Oceana But we really want to see more people from these regions as well and These are the statistics that I find very similar to what has come up in the stack Overflow developer survey as well in the past couple of years And this is a bit about our technical contributions overview also gathered last year so as for this we saw around 413 contributors who made 45,000 plus commits in thousand plus repositories and Out of these 413 contributors 60% were volunteers who contributed 18% of commits to wikimedia projects and this is a little bit about our new developers So every quarter we see somewhere between 40 to 60 developers who contribute to our projects So what really makes wikimedia volunteers contribute? So as in any free and open-source software project people motivate people contribute because they have different motivations Sometimes it's because they believe in the vision of the project sometimes It's because they want to grow their skill set and work on a side project outside their professional work We see a lot of people who say that they grew up reading wikipedia and now they want to give back to the community and help our editors Do their work more effectively? So lots of different motivations really that make people to contribute to our projects some people they stick for short time some stick for longer and Some never really leave and for them wikimedia is their home Now I want to share with you a short story So when I first joined the wikimedia foundation a lot of my friends they would ask that what really is remaining in wikipedia to be developed and This was also a question that I would ask myself that My team does a lot of work Around developer outreach, but but for what like what are some projects for which we need? volunteer contributors and for which we need help and It was only when I joined that I learned that there is a crazy world out here There is lot going on there are lots of interesting project projects and technical areas From early to thousands if you see wikipedia site today how it has evolved in all these years We have a lot of sister projects that have emerged and Now we are in 2019 About the future we are thinking about ways in which we prepare ourselves to serve billions of people who are going to come online and To do that work. We need help wikipedia needs your help and so now I want to share with you about contribution areas that we have for new developers and Also share with you a step-by-step process for you to make contribution to a wikipedia project So just like in any free and open source project Contributing is a four-step process So first you pick a task related to a wikipedia project or technical area Then you set up the development environment Once you have set up the development environment, you choose and solve a task and finally you submit your code changes So I want to start with step one first which is about a picking a task related to a wikipedia project or technical area and To me this step is the most daunting one because there are way too many options to choose from So once you have made that choice, I believe that things get a bit easier after that So now I want to talk about All the projects that we have and also give you an overview of our technical areas So first I'll talk about wikipedia projects Again wikipedia needs no introduction Then we have wikipedia commons and wikidata. These are two of our very popular projects these days You may have already heard about these projects But maybe you don't know that they are also connected with wikipedia So what is wikipedia commons? it is this repository of audio video and media files and wikidata, it's the central repository of data that is being used on all wikimedia sites and Then media wiki. I've already talked about it earlier It's the software that not only powers wikipedia, but all these projects that you see on this slide So all these are popular projects But then we have other projects which are not so well known But they are popular in their own communities For example, we have wiki versity, which is a collection of learning resources for educators and learners Then we have wiki voyage, which is a guide used a lot read and edited a lot by travelers Then dictionary, it's a free dictionary Then wiki code. It's a collection of codes. We have wiki books, which is a collection of open books Then there is wiki source, which is this digital library of textual sources wiki species is a free species directory and so on So this is a very high-level overview of all the wikimedia projects we have Now I want to share with you a little bit about our technical areas So these are all the areas we have at wikimedia Now some of them are maybe part of the projects that I just shared with you or some of them are Connected in one way or another with the projects So as there are a lot of these I'm not going to talk about each one of them But we'll share with you some of these areas which we think are newcomer friendly and are easy to start with Now if you're wondering why these blocks are laid out in the way they are laid out on the slide So I'll just highlight that quickly So if you look at for example all the blocks that are media wiki for example media wiki core Extensions and skins as they are similar and connected. They are stacked on top of each other and Then we have templates sketches and user scripts and bots which span across Multiple projects, so they are laid out in vertical fashion next to all things media wiki on this slide So now I will share with you about some of these areas and also give you one example of a wikimedia project that Relates to that area So the first one is media wiki extensions so extensions they help us extend the functionality of media wiki software and And Currently there are around two thousand extensions that are registered on media wiki.org This is a very newcomer friendly area You can help by either improving and an existing extension or help by developing a completely new one So an example of media wiki extension is this revision slider extension that lets you to browse history of a page interactively So if you go to English wikipedia and visit a history page of an article, you'll be able to see this extension in action So if you decide to contribute to anything that is Related to the media wiki software, then you need to be familiar with PHP and JavaScript So next I will talk about the desktop apps There aren't that many desktop apps we have but there are two well-known ones that I will talk about So the first one is huggle Which is this tool that is used a lot by our content moderators to quickly load the revisions of a page being able to make a comparison between the revisions and then also reward the edits that are problematic if You want to contribute to this you will need to be familiar with C++ and Qt which is a C++ GUI framework and Then we have another desktop app which is Keevix which is essentially this offline web browser for Wikipedia and This screenshot that you see is of Keevix running Wikipedia on a one laptop per child machine then moving on to Mobile apps we have quite a few mobile apps But I think that we have very few out of those that are official We have mobile apps for Wikipedia both for iOS and Android And then we have one mobile app which is for Wikimedia Commons It is a very newcomer friendly app and also purely run and maintained by our community members So this using this app you can upload photos to Wikimedia Commons from your smartphone And if you're interested in mobile development, then that's something you might want to look into and There is this vast area that you have for new contributors to explore which is tools and bots So a lot of volunteer contributors they write tools and bots to help make the work of editors easier So I will give you two examples for this So for bots an example is this citation bot that helps format and expand citation data and Then an example of tool is this programs and evens dashboard that is used by Educators to run courses and editathons on Wikipedia around Wikipedia And if you decide to write your tool and bot then you don't necessarily need to stick to a programming language You can pick your preferred programming language and the interesting thing about this area is that you can use dedicated cloud services that Wikimedia provide to Be able to host operate and maintain Both tools and bots So now I want to talk about analytics. This is a very fancy schmancy area. That's how I see it now in this space you can make cool visualizations and the process to To do that is that you make use of media wiki APIs which are open for anybody to use along with data that you get from Wikimedia sites To be able to make a visualization like you see on this slide not only just visualization But also help make data-informed decisions And so this visualization that you see here is generated using the same process And if you go to this resource, which is linked from the slide see also org You will see a bunch of different cool visualizations that have been made using the similar process machine learning is is the buzzword as you might know and That is probably why we also get asked this question a lot that what are some opportunities we have for new contributors in this area We don't have a lot of projects for new developers, but there is one very cool project that I want to share with you So there is this service called oris which is an acronym for Objective revision Evaluation service that helps evaluate whether an edit made to an article is a good quality edit or a bad quality edit So as you see on the slide, there is this picture that shows the edit quality flow So edits when first coming through the internet are are not filtered, but when they are passed through the oris service You start learning a little bit about their pattern whether the edits are good or they need review or they are damaging edits So if you're interested in contributing to this area or the service Then it's written in Python and that's what the language you need to be familiar with and then we have Gadgets so gadgets are similar to extensions that I Mentioned to you at the beginning of this this technical areas overview and They're similar because they also help you to extend the functionality of the software But they are different because the code for gadgets they live on Ricky So for example, if you want to have a personalized experience of the software and see for yourself What is the reading time of an article? Then you can just write a little script and then inject it from point side to media wiki And you will be able to see it in action and there is this example Which is on the slide which is of a gadget called hot cat that lets you to add Categories to pages on Wikipedia So if you want to see the nitty gritties of this gadget or what code is in there You will be able to see it easily. It's somewhere on Wikipedia the code for this gadget now although we don't have dedicated infrastructure for gadgets To allow contributions for new contribute from new contributors But the way I see it you can help either by improving existing user scripts or gadgets that are out there or if you are part of a wiki media chapter or a user group or You are a part of a language Community then maybe you can help address the technical needs of the community by writing user scripts and gadgets and One thing is that when a user script is considered to be beneficial for the rest of community Then a site administrator they promote it to a gadget and that's something I forgot to mention earlier But that's how these two user scripts and gadgets are connected So these were about all the technical areas for which I could share with you some concrete examples But we also have other major areas for you to look into But for all of these areas there aren't maybe concrete examples to share because they apply to all the projects So you can help apply wiki media design principles to other projects We have tons of docs that are outdated and need attention. So that's also an area to look into Or if you speak a language which is other than English then you can help translate our docs that are on media wiki.org and If you're interested in the quality assurance space, then you can Help write test cases or report bugs or help test features of our software projects so this was all about our Technical areas and projects a very high-level overview. You can explore them in debt later after this talk So once you have decided which project you want to contribute to the next step that follows is setting up the development environment Now there are different projects and they have different contribution guidelines some projects might recommend you to set up a specific IDE or Set up the development environment in certain ways But I'm not going to go into the detail This is just for you to know that that's what the step would follow and every every for every project There will be different guidelines But one thing I want to mention here is that Sometimes what happens is that Our new contributors that think that all the things we do is media wiki related So they start setting up the development environment of media wiki first Which in itself takes a few hours only later to realize that that's not something they wanted to contribute to So that's to keep in mind To first pick the project and then maybe start setting up the development environment So after this comes the step where you choose and solve a task so for task management we use fabricator and The task in assignment it works very similar to like it works in any free and open source software project if you're interested in working on a task you express your interest by commenting on it and maybe ask specific questions and Then you you can assign the task to yourself and that way communicate that you are working on it so that nobody else Works on it on the side Now the recommended way to To choose and solve a task is to first Take a look at the good first bugs that is Associated with the project you have decided to work on and That way you get comfortable with the project and after you have fixed a few good first bugs then you can move forward and maybe pick bigger and complex features to work on So after this step comes Submitting your code changes Now if you decide to work on anything which is related to media wiki then you will Then whenever you are done making your code changes It will first get uploaded to this tool that we use for code review called get it and then as You do that a few reviewers will be assigned to your patch They will take a look at your changes and maybe give you some feedback on your code which you can then incorporate and When all the reviewers are happy then one of them decides to merge your changes But this is for all the projects that we have Hosted in carrot We also have a lot of projects that are hosted on github So if you are working on any any such project then you skip this Process, but instead the code review happens on github so this was all about the process you would follow to make contribution to a project and Once you have contributed to one project you are bored of it and you want to Move to another project. That's totally possible. You just need to repeat step one to four For a different project. I want to now share with you this new developers guide that we have so all the technical areas and projects I shared with you in this talk are You might be able to explore them By going to this resource Here we are showcasing a list of newcomer friendly projects with With like mentioning what are some skill requires who the mentors are and what are some recommended tasks to work on There are also a bunch of Resources for newcomers that you can explore by going to this resource So this would be your go-to resource if you decide to make a contribution and you will find everything in this single resource And I also want to highlight a bit about our outreach programs and events So Wikimedia participates in three mentoring programs there is one which is a Google summer of code it is for university students and Outreachy which is open to everyone but the difference here is that you not only get to work on a coding project, but you can Work on anything which is related to translation outreach research, etc. And Then we have Google code in which is for high school students So the advantage to participate in Wikimedia's mentoring programs is that you get an opportunity to Work with a mentor on a three month long project Besides these mentoring programs We also have International hackathons that takes place to hackathons takes place in a year and we offer scholarships To new developers so that they are able to attend these events meet with community members and also be able to work with them for three days So this was all about our technical areas and projects and Wikimedia ecosystem All that I shared in in this talk the resources are linked from the slide that you can look into later and That is all thank you very much for listening if you are a new contributor who is watching this talk Then I look forward to your contributions to Wikimedia projects And if you have any questions, I would be more than happy to answer you can send me an email my email address is on this slide and Now Sarah will explain to you a little bit about where you can reach out for more questions right after this talk Thank you Thank you, Shristi. So again this talk. We're not going to have a live Q&A But I do invite you to go ahead and either leave your questions on the IRC channel or on the YouTube chat What we'll do after that is we'll collect the questions and Shristi will answer them You can also email her directly and then I will post the questions and answers to the Me that Wikimedia monthly tech talks page under her talk for the month so Thank you Shristi for speaking today was a really awesome talk and yeah, you look forward to having questions and Seeing you next month. Oh and one more thing too Everybody is welcome to propose talk so Please do do so whether you're a staff member a volunteer member of the technical community We really look forward to hearing About your projects and your knowledge as well. So feel free to reach out. All right. Thank you


Women play a critical role in the sustainable use and management of natural resources. In the Churia Hills of Nepal, women are key to protecting the forests that sustain livelihoods and maintain healthy ecosystems. But the area is vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, such as extreme rainfall and flash flooding. The river and forest ecosystems are also under pressure because of unsustainable land use, deforestation and forest degradation. Empowering women in natural resource management is an integral part of the building a resilient Churia region in Nepal, BRCRN project, led by FAO, with the financial support of the Green Climate Fund. One of the ways used to address gender inequality is through art. Twenty-three women from community-based organizations took part in an event called My Life Journey in Siraha district, which is part of the project target area and home to the Batahari River system. Through art, the women expressed their life stories identifying gender-based discrimination and gender-based violence. Youth volunteers work with rural women who are unused to holding a pen and paper. They showed the women how to draw houses, trees and forests as a way to tell their stories and the challenges they faced because of climate change. Although hesitant at first, the women were soon able to depict their life journeys, illustrating the challenges and struggles they face in their communities and in the context of climate change. By promoting gender equality and women's empowerment, the project seeks to achieve more sustainable and equitable natural resource management in the river system.


We all remember where we were on the 19th of August 2003 when we heard of the attack on the Canal Hotel in Baghdad. I had just landed in Kinshasa in the Democratic Republic of Congo when a colleague handed over a note that I should call my deputy in Geneva back urgently. And the note said that there had been an attack on the UN headquarters in Baghdad that Sergio Vieira de Mello was seriously injured. An hour later we had the confirmation that he actually had been killed in the attack. Like our colleagues and friends in the United Nations and in Brazil and so many other parts of the world, we were deeply shocked by the brutality of the attack and the extent of the loss of life. Many of the people killed on that day were known to the ICRC and of course Sergio himself was such a close and important partner, colleague and friend in so many of the roles that he fulfilled over the years and in so many of the contexts in which he was operating. His loss was simply something that we could not accept. A few weeks earlier on the 22nd of July 2003 one of the ICRC's staff had been killed in a drive by shooting incident on the roll between Hila and Baghdad. And I travelled to Iraq to review the security situation in an increasingly deteriorating context with the team on the ground. During that trip I met with Sergio Vieira de Mello. We discussed in his office the security situation, the increasing lawlessness and the types of measures that were required to ensure security of the staff. That is a meeting that I have never forgotten.  It is clear from my view however that the reason why we are in these places is precisely because they are difficult. And the commitment to addressing needs of men, women and children affected in armed conflict remains as strong as ever. Of Sergio's many qualities the one I liked most was his positive outlook on life. He was deeply convinced that it is possible even in the most difficult context and situations to influence change, to have an impact and to make a difference for people's lives. He knew the risks, he understood the constraints, but he was never someone to give in to cynicism or disillusionment. There was just too many lives at stake. His absence continues to be incredibly painful and in many ways unbearable. And the best way to honour his memory and his own engagement is to keep our own individual and institutional commitments going. To continue to assist and protect people in environments such as Syria and Afghanistan or Colombia and the Democratic Republic of Congo. It is likewise our duty to ensure that our staff is protected as well as we can and that we find the appropriate and often difficult balance between the risks we take and the impact we can have for people. We're deeply honoured to be associated to this tribute, to honour the memory of Sergio Vieira de Mello and want to express gratitude to Brazil for its strong and generous commitment to humanitarian affairs. We also want to express renewed solidarity to Sergio's family and friends, to Brazil and to the entire United Nations family on this occasion. 150 years after the ICRC was founded, we also wish to confirm our strongest commitment to the vital struggle for respect of rules on the battlefields of today and tomorrow and support to people in need.


Ravens came off a real big win against them dolphins on Sunday and we all loved it But there were some things that need to be addressed and we don't get into that right now But first team keep it clean if y'all know me then y'all know I absolutely love what I do and I enjoy making these videos so much But we make a lot of them but one thing that a lot of y'all might not have noticed is Something that happens in every single video and that's the setting Yeah, and I'm not talking about the Ravens background if we look down you can see I'm standing up And when I make these videos for every video I make I'm pretty much standing up and then when I'm editing the videos I'm not in the most comfortable workspace. It's kind of confined. It's kind of tight And it's not the best on my legs and on my feet So I got to take a lot of stretches and whatnot, but I decided you know what I got to upgrade my life I got to upgrade my work environment I got to upgrade my workspace and I did just that with this yo-yo desk now The yo-yo desk allows me to enjoy what I do even more by being in an even more comfortable setting and One of the best parts about it You all saw the pressure that I put on my feet when I'm working at that little work desk that confined space Now I got a mat in an open space that allows me to be that much more comfortable and the best part about it I don't have to just sit and have the mat on my feet I can stand and stand on the mat while I'm putting in the work and as you can see with the yo-yo desk It is fully adjustable So if you want to work and sit down You can do that and if you want to work and stand up you can do just that and with this yo-yo desk If you want to leave it plain it's fine if you want to leave it plain But if you're like me you want to accessorize it and make it look as pretty as possible I mean you see all the Raven stuff I put on there But of course you can put whatever you want to put on your yo-yo desk when you get it It's super super easy to assemble it comes with literally like three steps Most of everything is already put together for you So there's not gonna be much work required on your end So if you want your own yo-yo desk, it comes in black It comes in white also make sure you get the mat for your feet So you can be nice and comfy like I am now All of the information is down below in the description hit up yo-yo desk Tell them that engraving is and team keep it clean sent you so they can take care of you So team keep it clean what's going on is engraving here with another video and in this video We all riding a dolphins high right now Even though it's cooled off for a lot of us. It's cooled off for me a lot But it was still a great game. It was a great game now real quick one other game that we need to talk about before We get into this it's flag football flag football this Saturday 6 9 2 0 Heritage crossing the address is down below us in Glen Bernie same location as we had the last flag football event Y'all come through if you need me to put you in a group chat Just so you can get reminders on a daily about the flag football and any updates that we may have for it Let me know but flag football this Saturday this Saturday this Saturday Don't ask me when it is because I just said it's this Saturday in Glen Bernie Y'all come through if y'all came through last time come through again If you missed it last time come through this time if you're gonna miss both of them. I don't know what to tell you Flag football this Saturday come through but anyway the dolphins I think we could put a team together of Flag football team and we could have beat the dolphins even if we played tackle But dolphins probably would have wanted to play wrap up because they wanted to end that game as soon as they could this game It Ravens got out to a huge lead Huge lead from jump and a real quick shout out to my guy TD friends talk We should hopefully be doing a collab later tonight. So we'll see how things work out We'll see how it goes. Hopefully that still goes down So y'all just stay on the lookout for that and the vlog from the game I'm thinking that that's gonna either be out tonight or tomorrow I thought it was gonna be out last night, but Google was giving me problems I should have tried internet explore cuz internet explore everything works just like that.  He be having dyslexic thoughts Yeah, so y'all can use that one too now that that's his saying though That's his saying he need to trademark that he should trademark that dyslexic thoughts and TNT takes no talent So shout out to my guy TD friends talk, but um hopefully that works out so we can uh, we can we can set that up, but Anyway the Ravens They and again these videos are for the people that they couldn't watch the whole stream And I know it was it was actually a shorter stream than normal I think it was only like a little over an hour So it wasn't too bad, but anyway, um the Raven they jumped out to an early lead They they stomped on the dolphins heads and and they didn't let up One thing that I talked about in the stream that I was very happy with the Ravens for doing Was not letting up because we've seen it so many times where Ravens jump out to a lead Even if it's not a 21 point lead, but regardless of what it is They they jump out to a lead and they just sit back and they relax and they start to chill They start to get lacks and it's like like why why?  They were still throwing the ball and I love that. I love that and There was no it wasn't bad sportsmanship at all So anybody that tries to reach for it reach and say oh, they should have just ran a clock No, it's six a 60 minute game You play 60 minutes and you play to make sure you have the most points out of the two teams that are playing So I absolutely loved what they did so they need to keep on doing stuff like that Mark Ingram. He was great for us. He'd like first play first play He took it for like what 40 some yards and he looked pretty good all game end up getting a sneaky hundred yards I didn't even think that he had a hundred yards at the end of the game till I looked up at the screen And so I was like, okay I didn't even know that same way with Mark Andrews to mark Andrews the tight ends they did their thing man Nick Boyle was asked to to mostly block and but that's what he's mostly known for but he can catch two He can catch two Mark Andrews had a sneaky hundred yards Hayden Hurst made some nice plays So I tight ends did what was expected and again This is why during the preseason because some people would ask during the preseason like man engraving I are you worried about our tight ends? They're not making any plays and I would say the same thing every game No, I ain't worried about them. They'll be fine. We know what they can do We know how special they are this group of tight ends is super special But one group that nobody considered super special and they still got a lot to prove is the wide receiver group The wide receiver group Everybody a lot of people kept saying oh, this is the white. This is the worst wide receiver group in the league It's the worst wide receiver group in the league And we'll see we'll see well Sunday was nice Sunday does not mean that we automatically Oh, we top five wide receiver group in the league. No They got a lot to prove they they are a very young group They're very young group and they made that clear to us that they were going young when they cut Michael Floyd They like they really like what the draft was cool But and they signed Michael Floyd, but they really made it clear to us that they were going young when they cut him They and I was like, okay. Yeah, it's really a youth movement and then with Miles Boykin at Hollywood starting That they going young. It's a youth movement for real and I love it. I love it Like I like I said in the stream and other videos every single game is not gonna be like the game yesterday I mean Sunday, I wish every single game would go like that, but it won't Let's be real about it There are people who They gained a lot of respect for Baltimore after that game on Sunday against the dolphins There are a lot of people who are still iffy about Baltimore after that game on Sunday against the dolphins There are of course a lot of people discrediting in Baltimore after that game on Sunday against the dolphins and The and there's some people like oh, well, it was just a dolphins It was just a dolphins But one thing they failed to realize yeah, it was the dolphins a lot of people say they're tanking which I think they're tanking But at the same time, it's one game. It's one game Dolphins could completely turn things around after one game With the dolphins and it's just it's just what people pick and choose because I know there's a lot of Stuff on Twitter that was said and I had retweeted somebody That was like oh Well Lamar Jackson people say oh, it's just the dolphins But if it was Baker Mayfield and he did that then he'll be getting a lot of praise Now next week if Tom Brady if he does that If he does if he goes out there and has a great game people guys. Oh, yeah, that's Brady He's just doing Brady things Nobody's gonna discredit him because it's the dolphins and even though he plays the dolphins two times a year and He plays the dolphins the Jets and the Beals two times and he's been playing these dudes two times a year And you know what's funny my boy Mike B. He asked a question from subscribe He said should the Patriots be put in a different division one with more competition to get to the playoffs and that would be nice That would be nice. They put them in a FC North Put them in a FC North even though the AC North got a lot of competition already You can't sleep on none of them teams at all and I don't care that the Bengals lost they barely lost I don't care that the Browns lost they got whooped which was great And I don't care that the Steelers lost they got whooped which was great but um These are all teams that can bounce back and all teams that always give each other problems It's like four brothers. It's like four brothers. We're well, at least on my part where there's this is love for all four and It's respect but then y'all get on each other's nerves all for y'all get on each other's nerves and give each other problems So I'm sure they'll they'll all be fine All the teams will be fine. Everybody can't make it. Everybody came good in the playoffs But all of them will be fine But anyway What's even more fine is that the Ravens did so good on Sunday But um looking like I said, so this is a lot of people discrediting the Ravens discrediting Lamar Jackson And just and it is what it is again This was expected if y'all listen to what we were saying leading up into the season I said with the dolphins that this is what this is what was gonna happen Even if it happens against the Cardinals, they're gonna say it was the Cardinals. It's just the Cardinals Even if it happens against the Chiefs, they're gonna say, oh, well, he got lucky So my it's always gonna be something no matter how good Lamar Jackson does It's always gonna be something in it and when he does do bad then it's gonna be like see told you he wasn't good but anyway He did his thing he did his thing now one thing that people cannot discredit They cannot discredit with Lamar Jackson in this game Was because people like to say oh, yeah, it's the dolphins. It was just a dolphin. They're not even good Look at Lamar's mechanics. Look at his poise. Look at his pocket presence Look at his pocket awareness. Look at him not being flustered Now dolphins they they definitely contain them. They didn't let him run at all But he really had them in your attempts anyway, but he had was six yards a Lot of people they tried they tried to run with that whole narrative and it was you could tell they didn't really watch him We just find everybody can't watch him, but they try to say oh, yeah He he he's a run first quarterback and he wasn't even that last year. He wasn't even that last year And y'all know me it I don't care if it's Lamar Jackson or not We're gonna keep it we're gonna keep it straight up on head regardless of who it is I'm careful my Ravens fan or not. We're gonna keep it straight up on here And he was not run first. He was not run first But it it just was a beautiful thing seeing just the way that the balls were coming out of his hands Well, and just the way that he threw the ball just And you didn't see any ducks You ain't see no ducks You ain't see some of the throws that he threw last year was like man Who are you throwing to you ain't see none of that? This dude miss three passes one of them was um where he threw it away One of them was where Willie Snead just got smacked twice by the Dolphins defenders by two different ones And the other one was what I think Hollywood just he looked up a little bit too late But and like that's it This dude was super efficient and he was 17 for 20 I believe like 340 yards something like that and five touchdowns, but it wasn't like Again, like I said in the stream if you think like 17 for 20 some people might think oh man Um, that's just a bunch of short passes just a bunch of short passes. No There was 20 a bunch of deep balls man to mark Andrew to Willie Snead Hollywood It was just a beautiful thing man So people yeah, people gonna discredit that the win was against the Dolphins, but you can't discredit how Lamar look There's a quarterback as a quarterback The running game with Mark Engel was nice for Gus Edwards. It was solid with Justice Hill They were just on Justice Hill lot because a lot of his runs were just expected Because most of them came like toward the end of the game. He's not actually he was out there at the beginning He was out there throughout they um, they made sure they use Justice Hill They couldn't really use a much on kick return because we really get that much kick returns the office called 10 points That's it. That's all we got. We got the opening kick return and then they kicked the field goal So we would get that one and then they got a touchdown. So we get that one. So we got what we got three kickoffs Three and that's a beautiful thing. I'm not mad that Justice Hill didn't have many opportunities Cyrus Jones had a few Because I mainly for some punts, which is great Defense played really good secondary played pretty good, especially with losing Jimmy Smith. We'll see how long he's out for Anthony Avery stepped up and yeah, he I was watching the vlog because I it's finished editing this it's on YouTube But it's just private So again, like I said, you all get that either tonight or tomorrow but With when Jimmy Smith went out Anthony Avery, I did notice that he had been getting beat a few times But overall he played pretty good for the position that he was put in especially to go in there unexpected because now you got thrust into that starting role and You weren't supposed to be there, but you're there now and and I'm fine with it. I'm fine with it We'll see how things go this week What the Ravens decided to do with Jimmy Smith if they put him on injured reserve So he has to miss at least eight weeks then they bring him back or if they just want to wait it out We'll see what happens with that but Anthony Avery look good man He looked good overall and now with this week going into this week I would expect them I'll expect him to get a lot of playing time Of course Marlon Humphrey and Brandon Cobb, but I would expect Avery to get a lot of playing time to me a lot because we go against some really good receivers and They're gonna be throwing that ball. They're gonna be running it to we got it We got a tough test, but we're gonna talk about that in another video But he he did pretty good of course Marlon Humphrey did this thing. He did get a beat on some deep passes But he did he did this thing overall a lot of those deep bad So some of the deep pass he got beat on weren't even completed though. It was overthone But overall the secondary did that thing Earl Thomas made his welcome to Baltimore got his pick early in the game first quarter Marlon Humphrey got a pick. So that was nice, man The linebackers flying around peanut flying around so much he was trying to make a play And that's what happened to Jimmy Smith how Jimmy Smith got rolled up on and this was like I said You couldn't be mad at Jimmy Smith for this one. You can't you can't man. We know his history We talk about his history, but for this one now, you can't you can't get mad at Jimmy Smith for this one, man What else but one thing that we lacked in and that I've been talking about this this whole offseason and talking about definitely during the preseason to and we lacked in that area was well not you know what Was I would say we lacked in past rush, but it wasn't even necessarily that we lacked in the past rush department So I take that back But we just lacked in closing in the past rush department. We lacked in closing We were getting there because they were sending them it was forcing Ryan Fitzpatrick out of the pocket But we just didn't close on many of the sex that we could have gotten now With Kyla Murray. Yeah, we'll talk about that in another video, but we lacked in that department So they definitely got a tighten up with that. So we'll see how that goes but as long as they They they can close on those will be in much better shape in the past rush department Matt Jude on he played a good game. He didn't do any of the silly stuff He didn't do any of the dumb penalties. He played a solid game and this reminded me of the game I think it was preseason week two when I said if he plays like that every week at least like 13 out of 16 weeks You can't expect somebody to ball out every single week But if he plays like that frequently then I wouldn't mind if they offered him a deal I wouldn't mind if they kept him if he played like that. If you play like he played in this game. Okay, cool So we'll see how that goes. So we just Got a way to see But yeah, that's that's that's really the only uh That's the only bad I take away from this game and it wasn't even bad It was just it could be improved was closing in on them on the past rush because Fitzpatrick Fitzpatrick is he mobile He's not mobile, but he can he can move a little bit. He can move a little bit So he ain't afraid to move up step up in the pocket roll out He ain't afraid to do all that he can do all of that stuff and he showed us all of that stuff on Sunday So if Fitzpatrick showed us that then just imagine Collin Murray So anyway But overall great game Great game. We loved it. Um, so we'll see how the game goes in the future. And yeah, look Lamar It was against the dolphin. So we're just gonna have to see this consistency Not even not even just from Lamar, but just from this entire offense But I know they capable of doing it man Because they got so many different types of receivers and weapons and just if they could just stay creative and Not too creative not like doing all this gimmick stuff, but just creative aggressive keep taking your shots. Just go for it But then points up man. It's this could be a beautiful thing. It could be a beautiful thing a beautiful thing So and this is exactly what we need had we had offenses like this even offenses that scored half of this amount Even if they scored half of this amount, but they scored half of this amount What's what 59 divided by 2 is? 29 no, it's not 29. Uh, I don't know I can't do math right now. Maybe it is 29 No, well 59 it would be it would be something in a half. Um, but anyway, oh It's too early to be thinking like that with that math, but anyway, um, if our offenses could have been scoring like this And like I said even half of that then we would have more Super Bowls Who'd have had more Straight up because we had the defenses for it. It's just all fences though. So this I Don't know man. This is they look super special. Yes on Sunday Um, and we'll see how they continue to be But anyway, I just had to come on here and talk up talk about it with y'all Especially for the people that couldn't catch the whole stream or just never had time to watch the whole stream or just some people that wanted it Consolidated this is for y'all. Anyway, like the dolphins had been for that entire game I'm out but real quick one last thing again flag football this Saturday flag football this Saturday flag And as far as the the tailgating, I will give you all that information Probably in the Cardinals video and we still got two pairs of tickets to the Cardinals game to the home opener that we need to give away We got two pairs. So that's four tickets. So that's but it's gonna be for two people So give away some to one person. They could take a friend give away some to another person and they can take a friend So it's gonna be two pairs of tickets to give away for the Cardinals and Ravens home opener And I will give you all the tailgating information. So anybody don't want to come through the tailgating to you. Let me know and I got you I love y'all appreciate y'all and now this time


4. Relationship building in another culture Rapport has long been considered military term when service members humanize their identity amongst their captors during the time of war. The fashion of Rapport has since evolved into a meaningful approach in the teaching world most notably teachers who chose the career abroad. The important factors listed below could prove to be the difference between miserable teaching experience and solid one. No efforts to learn about the culture. Teachers moving aboard to administer the English language are often relocated to remote countries, where English is not only a second language but an overall distant alien sound. Counties like Vietnam, Thailand, and Malaysia are now focusing their efforts on the English language and are doing so through companies that provide a hands-on approach to their citizens. Teachers from the United States and New Zealand are common marketplaces for these countries to provide the language to their would-be learners. But what is often common is a teacher coming into a classroom expecting their students to conform to their way of life with little or no efforts in absorbing the local community. This approach can prove catastrophic in so many ways, as it leaves most students in an environment that is built on no effort, no flair for design and a view of being money hungry for the fortunes of teaching and not for the overall experience. I can speak first hand on this subject for I have been an active duty service member with the United States Air Force and have lived abroad in Japan for over 13 years. Service members often moonlight as English instructors to the local Okinawan community only to find that the overall experience was one of dread and misery. The teachers I viewed first hand had no interest in learning about the Okinawan culture which, in turn, left their students distant to their approach at education.  Through these interests, more doors of the heart-to-heart communication begin to form the students take the step in viewing their teacher as more than foreigner often times viewing them as a mentor. Curiosity in another culture is beneficial. In countries like Thailand and Vietnam English has been almost non-existent and citizens wishing to take the steps to become fluent in English requires a great deal of courage. Students progress through a phase of intimidation to comprehension more fluently with a teacher has built a relationship with their students. When a teacher identifies the need to establish a rapport with the students magic can then begin to happen. Students can then see the efforts of the teacher and provide maximum effort in classroom activities and assignments. For the teacher, taking in a new culture can be an everlasting experience being fostered in a new culture and forming friendships. But the overlying theme is that both student and teacher benefit from a relationship built on trust and mutual respect. Are you ready to teach English abroad? As identified, the need for rapport is paramount. Teachers need to have realistic expectations going overseas, that they are no longer in their comfort zone. The best way to combat a new environment is taking in the surroundings while respecting the host nation's efforts. Speak with an ITTT advisor today to put together your personal plan for teaching English abroad. Send us an email or call us toll free at 1-800-490-0531 to speak with an ITTT advisor today.


Today, we celebrate the International Day of the Midwife as part of the International Year of the Nurse and the Midwife. Midwives play a vital role in providing essential health services, but we need more midwives in all countries, especially low-resource countries. Midwifery is a best buy for governments. Research shows that interventions delivered by midwives could avert over 80% of all maternal deaths, stillbirths and neonatal deaths. Midwives are with women before, during and after pregnancy and childbirths, providing family planning, cervical cancer screening and breastfeeding support. They play a leading role in preventing infections, helping to prevent unnecessary medical interventions and reducing complications. And they are with women during the most difficult times, including wars, natural disasters, and now during the COVID-19 pandemic. Midwives give dignity to women, but they deserve to have their own dignity protected. Many experience verbal, physical and sexual harassment at work. Midwives deserve and demand our respect. And so much more, including quality education, good pay, and a safe and supportive workplace. I am pleased to see the strengthening of partnerships with our sister UN agencies, UNFPA and UNICEF, and especially with the International Confederation of Midwives. And I would like to use this opportunity to thank the Midwife Association President, my sister Franca, and to the midwives of the world. I thank you.


Ok, here we are on the top of Wetterhorn, swinging around to the north, I'll tell you, this was a very rewarding climb. There's the compagray, or how are we pronouncing it, and then there's, let's see, there's a red cloud and sunshine, there's handys, all from the summit up here, and there's the little shelter, there's the little box, there's Lisa, hey Allen, thanks Allen, back around again, got me up here.


Hello Anna and Tan here. Hi. Hi. Hello everyone who's watching us on this amazing global wiki TV station. We're glad that you're with us, although we cannot see you very well, but we hope there will be some small string of connection happening between us because we know you can share with us your questions and we'll do our best to answer them. But my name is by the way Alec and I'm very happy that we'll be having this conversation about the paradox of open. But before we start, we agreed that each of us will introduce themselves and Anna will go first. Okay. Hi everyone. My name is Anna Masgal. I am senior EU policy advisor working on behalf of our community in Brussels and talking to EU institutions about issues of concern currently speaking to you from Berlin. Tanveer. Thank you Anna and Alec. My name is Tanveer Hassan. I'm joining you from Mysore, India. I work with the Community Resource Esteem at the Wikimedia Foundation. Over to you Alec. Thank you. And my name is Alec Tarkovsky. I'm strategy director at Open Future Foundation, recently founded Think Tank for the Open Movement. I'm also on the board of Creative Commons and I consider myself a friend of Wikimedia. I'm a member of the Polish Wikimedia Association but not a very active contributor but nevertheless really think a lot about Wikimedia and I think this description of a friend is very fitting, I think. So welcome Anna and Tanveer and basically this session although it has this formal name I think of a panel or a discussion, it's actually a conversation. I really wanted to have this conversation about an idea that's very important for me and that I want to start with this session by introducing a bit. It's an idea that there's a paradox connected to openness. Basically by saying that I think the basic idea is that openness changes over time. I think even saying that is already not said often enough. The open movement, open ways of doing things, open ways of sharing, approaches that emerged by now 20 years ago, some of them even later such as free software really are in flux, they change over time and the context in which openness happens also changes and we really need to be asking how open changes. This is important for me personally because I've been doing this by now for around 15 years. As a much younger person I founded the post chapter of Creative Commons sort of very energetic and excited as a young man to be doing that and then over the last 15 years I've been observing the movement, observing Creative Commons and partner projects like Wikimedia and seeing how they develop and the paradox of open is an attempt by me and my colleague Paul Keller from the Open Future Foundation who wrote this essay together with me to come to terms with what's happening. So what is happening? Here's the short story. Maybe some of you had the chance to look at this essay. If not, you can easily find it online on our webpage and I would encourage you to read it. It's sort of a story of what happened to open. Here's how it goes. Somewhere around the turn of the century we were all very enthusiastic and had this very bold, optimistic and utopian visions about openness and the idea that empowers the world. An idea that allows more freedom, more justice, simply a better world, better internet, but also a better society. And with this idea we started creating projects like Creative Commons Wikimedia, open access publishing, open education and then open data, open hardware. I could go on and on and on. But then probably after a decade we started seeing that the revolution basically didn't happen. Maybe we need to wait for it a bit longer, as is the case with open access. But in some areas it seems it simply will not happen. The really big Creative Commons idea was open music and I think by now we all know there will not be some mainstream Creative Commons licensed album probably coming soon. That's pretty clear. So this revolution didn't happen, but something else happened. In the meantime the online ecosystem really changed and these huge online platforms emerged, which are today usually called Big Tech, based on models that are usually, I really like the term extractive. So they take resources like our attention, personal data about us, content that we create and extract value from it often or usually without contributing to this ecosystem. I think this part of the story is very often told. We try to add to it when we say paradox of open that openness plays a role in all of this. Where are we with openness today in the year 2021? On one hand I think it's still a very strong vision of a better world. Some might say it's overly optimistic or naive. I believe still in open basically. But I need to acknowledge that at the same time openness enables some of the problems we face. And the case that we usually mention when we try to describe it is a case that emerged around three years ago, which has to do with photographs of faces of people. Most of these photographs can be found on Flickr, but also in places like Wikimedia Commons and it turns out that several years ago big companies like IBM started basically crawling these databases of photographs and looking for photos they can use to train AI systems. And indeed they created data sets that play a fundamental role in training AI for all sorts of uses, both research and commercial both benign and actually military systems. And this is a story that shows some sort of limits to this idea, this basic value of sharing. Limits of imagination, people who shared photos of themselves say, I never imagined AI will be doing this, being trained or AI researchers maybe more correctly. People point to limits of open licensing itself because they say, well, this provides no protection for our personal data. So this is sort of an exemplary case, but there are probably many others we can mention. Maybe Tanvir and Anna will share their cases. So basically we say in the essay that openness is both a challenge and an enabler of concentrations of power. And this is the paradox we are facing. So wrapping up this short introduction, it's important to mention Wikimedia because we are at Wikimedia. And Wikimedia is actually a bit unique in this story because when I said the revolution did not happen I actually believe that Wikimedia did cause a revolution. It is a unique project, maybe not the only one I could mention a few more, but uniquely successful, uniquely proving that open sharing can function. And I also think which I think is not said often enough, I think of Wikimedia as a platform which again is very just. It's not tracking users. It's not using data to display ads. A lot of good things happen on Wikimedia and also on related Wikimedia projects. But at the same time the Wikimedia community faces just the same challenges related to concentrations of power related to how Wikimedia content is being used and possibly value is extracted from it. And this is the point where I will stop and ask Anna and Kanvir to, because I'm curious, how you see this paradox. And I hope you will also say a bit more about this from a Wikimedia perspective as you're a lot more engaged in this movement. And we didn't agree who will go next. So let's see. Whoever presses unmute first can go. Like in some TV show. Well, we are trying to let the other person through the door first in this situation. There's definitely lots to say. First of all, I want to encourage everyone to read it. It's a very good piece of not only analysis, but also sometimes there is something like a paralysis by analysis. We get too much in the woods. It's actually to me the sort of bird's eye view on where we are. And it points me to in a lot of directions and kind of sums up for me a lot of thinking that I had myself doing projects with the wildly recognized, let's call it open movement for the lack of a better thing. I can totally see how this thinking also evolves and we have proof of what you're saying. Namely, the way I understand it is that you're saying that the hell is paved with good intentions in the sense that our projects are created from the good place and definitely serve many good purposes. But of course, because they are open and so in discriminatory, in who can be the recipient of them, they become used for many purposes. And of course, you can say it about many inventions of humankind, right? That this happens and whoever first discovered a knife maybe didn't really think it's going to be a deadly weapon, right? But moving on from banalities like this, I think we are in this particular moment in which we really can see that whenever we look, if it's about music, if it's about content, if it's about agriculture, if it's about access to healthcare and to medicines, we basically see the same kind of story, the same anecdotal evidence about how basically the system that is now being set up is the system in which Casino always wins, right? So as you rightly point out in your essay or in your analysis, basically the one who has the best resources to reuse whatever is being produced in the open movement will win, right? And the rest may be helped by it or may not be helped by it. It may be for people in the global north as we know a question of whether to pay for something or get it for free, but also we know and we have these conversations with Tanvir many times. In other places in the world, it's a question of having access to something or not having access at all, right? Because of barriers in resources but also in barriers in availability of things. So this is also where I see it rings very true to me. I want to tell about, say about two examples were actually which prompted me into thinking that this is really the case and then hopefully we can also talk not only about how bad the world is right now and how great it was when the web was decentralized and we didn't have the big platforms, basically, five people deciding what's on the menu today. But we also can talk about what we can do about this. But one was definitely when Susan Wojcicki at one of the conferences in the US was tackling the issue of disinformation and she basically, without understanding anybody from Wikimedia, she basically said, well, and we have this great idea that whenever there is a video that is fiddling some conspiracy theory or some other content like that is really not true or false. We will basically put the links to articles on Wikimedia and people can go and verify, right? Which basically means, well, this is the way I read it. This is our new idea, how to privatize the profits and socialize the cost by sending all those trolls that are watching those videos to Wikimedia. I let them fight with the editors that do all that work for free. So to me, that was first this wake-up call in a way to say, hey, there is something fundamentally wrong not with how we may be doing things but how basically the system is rigged against OpenProject in a sense that they are treated as something that is basically there to be used and to be captured and to actually be... And there's no social return on that capture, right? Those companies don't give back. And I think this is where... And also there's a question how they should give back. It's not an easy one, right? And the second was also unfortunately involving Google and more precisely YouTube is when YouTube apparently had this idea that basically the public domain content that we host should be actually not scraped from YouTube but the videos should be embedded, which of course means that everybody who interacts with such content that is embedded is actually exposed to Google surveillance machine. And I find it at best as basically complete inability to sort of check the temperature of the room and see who are those people that we're dealing with and the damage such a change would bring to our project and to all that we stand for, I think would basically chase us in the years to come, right? So to me these were the two examples where that was actually really entering our yard and the third one obviously Alek what you mentioned the training of data but I can talk as you know for a long time so I'm gonna stop here and pass over to Tanvir and speak at some other point in this conversation. Thank you so much, Anna. To pick up from the point that Alek was earlier making about open being a paradox because both it's an enabler and also a direct challenger to the way that opportunities come, right? There's also a double paradox there. If you look at the way open has emerged and has evolved, the earliest of the open came from the bourgeois class to help create a very pro-literate open. I'm using dated terms here but just bear with me for this example. But at this point open is also becoming a fad wherein the pro-literate class is creating a very bourgeois open which means that you would have all of this content that's available for you for reusing for remixing and to work with it but what is the relationship between the influence and the importance of the content? Because if you really think about open there are two things that come to you right away. The validity of open does not go with numbers it's just something that's picked up now. We've been talking about the importance of a platform only when YouTube has prompted us to say about views or Facebook has given us options to measure how many likes we have or how many friends we have. The legitimacy of open was not on these numerical or very quantitative right? It was at the level of importance it was at a very high intellectual level. So there's a relationship there that we need to understand. If you look at the earlier open that was created by bourgeois people but again sorry for the term but then the open was very hard working in nature the open was very utilitarian in nature it did not look for influence it looked for important content which became which was important became influential and that's how we started understanding of our open but if you look at the future of the open it's not as simple as that it's completely reversed and that's the double paradox. Here is content coming from emerging communities, emerging markets however you want to put it and then that content is being repacked to talk about influence to not talk about importance. So as long as open does not want to take this question head on and say where do we situate the future of our movement? So open is this beautiful idea, this brilliant idea that's had troubled past and is going to have a difficult future but all is not lost like Alex said what we need to now try to understand or try to unpack is for the difficult future are we going to make it difficult for the users difficult for the contributors are we going to make it difficult for people who come to open to work with it or to profit from it the commercialization or the extractive the word that Alex used earlier is a key denoter here by the nature or by the ethos of open it's going to be inclusive or it should strive to be inclusive but it does not mean that it should make it easy for everybody and that's probably where we'll get into the conversation around enterprise, we'll get into the conversation around monetization because we're calling something open or just because something is termed as open does not mean that it should be flat it can have varied interactions it can have varied understanding of how do we work with various stakeholders if you're going to say that it's a flat world or it's a flat domain and you would be able to run as much as you want simply depending upon what skills and what capacity you have you're taking away the inherent value of something that's created out of a system of values and what you're just leaving there is a platform I don't think that's the strength of open the strength of open like Alex has pointed out and the two examples that I gave very vividly illustrated is that the values that were created is not at the level of the platform so we also need to try and have a conversation about if today this is the way that we understand this platform probably the other ways to talk about I'll just give a very simple thinking that I have in my head and then I'll hand it back so there is something called a Bollywood phenomena that happens a lot in India so think of a movie that has like a almost a stereotype or a formulaic thing if you have 10 or 15 such movies or 10 or 15 such previous examples it's not going to go any further just take it a little bit and then that movie is going to become a commercial hit and what happens is very interesting you're going to get the same kind of formula repeat it again and again this is this indicates two things one is that people do have more attention when something is appealing so what is it that makes them come back to the same thing when they very well know that this is exactly what is going to happen so that the predictability of the future is very important when you're trying to engage gathering other than the set of committed individuals so I think that phenomena of ensuring that even with predictability there is an engagement there is an opportunity for you to work with will be the future of all of this that we're talking about Thanks Alec you're muted Yes I muted myself at some point this requires some technical skill it's easier to just stay unmuted I think if you want to do that I don't think it will be a problem if all the three of us are unmuted also there's a pretty live audience with the etherpad there are already four comments and questions there which obviously creates some challenge for me how to listen to you and read it but maybe we'll come to them in a moment and we should still talk a moment I wanted to add one thing that I think builds on what you said Tanvir and that's something that we don't write too much of open it's this category of use and reuse for me the sort of the formula that I have by now memorized by heart is that open is access plus the right to reuse and for this reason I think open access is doing very well because reuse is very simple you just want people to read articles basically and maybe it gets a bit complicated today with automatic ways of doing things and open is for instance a lot more complicated in art and education because using things for instance a teacher is really making it live making it adapted to needs of different learners and so on and so this category of reuse is fundamental and for me one of the big things I observed over 15 years actually a lot of the reuse is not happening for instance I've done quite a bit of work on open data where everyone just dreams of reuse right open data enabled apps the government shares weather data and there are some amazing new things happening it doesn't seem to be that much the case or as we know it's the big companies that gladly pull in the data because they'll always find the use for it as we all mentioned so for me this is part of the challenge and I understand that's what you Tanvir mentioned I really like this flat world idea right that world is not flat it's complicated and in many places it's hard to participate but then for me the change becomes how do we fix that I'm not sure we'll get there but this is the moment where for sure I get stuck a bit so what might be interesting to put that question in perspective is what would be the intent of our future open the intent of our past open is pretty evident right it was supposed to be utilitarian in nature but right now the intent of open is not just that intent of open suddenly became competitive suddenly became a talent and skills showcase I mean could you have imagined that you're going to put something on GitHub and somebody would look at it and say and hire you on a big tech platform I don't think in the filest of the dreams that was one of the places so when you have this fight not even fight let's call it a tussle when you have this tussle between extraction and intent something very curious happens utility emerges out of it now the question is when utility starts to emerge who is the first one to sense it somebody who already knows what to do with that is the first one to make sense of it so the idea that I'm trying to discuss here is that the radar of utility is not usually active in individuals or a group of committed individuals I don't think that's what they are committed to do the radar of utility or the radar of extraction is active in corporations because that's what they have been thinking about if you look at the way that startup hubs talk innovation hubs talk about they are not talking about this big scale changes so to say they are talking about that next big change that is going to grab our attention that is going to get us talk about it in a very in a very in a very often term I'm using the term viral here if we are not intentional about where our open is going I think we'll be creating a platform, we'll be creating a domain that is going to be rife with opportunities but also going to never talk about its own problems so I think intentional I find that very interesting because that's what in theory you're not meant to do with the open right you sort of sorry this will be a bit of a digression but I read this you know sort of idea, a spiritual idea that you make an intention and wait for the universe to solve it and I realized that's basically what we wanted to do with open right like we don't know what's going to happen to it but the universe will find the user and it wasn't the universe but YouTube it seems but so that's a pretty bleak image right if only the big gets bigger what do we do with that Anna when you hear these cases that you provided what's your response to that for the movement or for your advocacy work well yeah, big questions I think Sandeer for framing it in a way of basically sort of reimagining what this could be because I think it's very important for me one of the most important interesting threads in the conversation about how to even approach you know like renegotiating what open is if we agree that we don't want to just produce content and not care how it's used right if we want to be able to look at the broader is to actually look at the other end of it and which is basically what are the rights of people and communities to refuse to be open first and bear with me and I'll explain because if we if we pave over that we also do and thank you Tanvir for saying this is a bourgeois open I completely agree because you know what bourgeois had and what was the greatest invention of bourgeois leisure time and what you can do during leisure time you can volunteer and I think this is something that we cannot really overstate that it's a luxury situation to be able to to be part of that movement as a hobby or as something that is very very important and by hobby I by no means want to diminish it but but you have to have the time which means that the food is on your table that your family is provided for that you have all sorts of other things taken care of by yourself and also by the society that you live in so so one example was when I went to there's communication congress and there was a village of queer anarchist beautiful folks and they put out a lot of posters that you could take or just you know make a donation and many of those or brochures or texts all sorts of things like that and and many of them were licensed as creative commas non-commercial license and I spoke about this with them because to me this was always the kind of a failure of the open why do we even have that license it's really weird right and I understood that this is their way of saying we want to share it with people who know what to do with it we don't want to share it with people that want to extract that value and if they want this they need to ask us and then we decide whether we agree but if somebody wants to do it for commercial purpose then they have to go through that process right it's not to say that all commercial uses could potentially be bad or hurtful or or in any way diminishing the original message it's just to say that many of the of the uses are commercial that those that those people don't want right and the other end of this conversation happens a lot I think when we are in touch with with indigenous communities and people working with them and and trying to evaluate how we can actually be of service to to that endeavor and and Tanviro and I already had this conversation a couple of times with our friend Alejandro who always also brings that perspective that basically what we consider as sharing and as something that is unambiguously good to to many of those communities is yet another form of colonialism coming to extract what they have right they already gave many of those things never came back to them think of medicinal knowledge think of you know the the devastation that comes with actually extraction of resources but also of you know anthropologists coming and asking the same questions again and again and not understanding things and and basically taking their time so we also need to think about that you know if we want to be responsible in the open we need to also respect people's rights to say no we don't want to do it that way or we want to do it with parts of that and actually help actively to find protocols that help them feel comfortable on their level of of what they want to have open or not right and not say oh no these people don't understand what it's about they are not with us right I think this is also a part of that conversation that that we need to take care they may be because they understand the value of that they are just not in the position to give anymore right so this is something that to me is very important and I have lots of questions still how can we be better helping those communities and how can we better you know adjust what we have or provide our knowledge to serve them in a way that is good for them and not only for us there's something else that's very interesting here so when I say that open has become extractive or open has allowed extractive nature extractive forces to operate and to shape some affair I'm not against the gains here I don't think gain is the problem here profiteering is the problem here and I understand that in open it's understood and it's accepted that profiteering is a very viable and probably even a welcome way but there has to be an integral way of talking about it if you look at it if you look at open as a philosophical concept who are the people or what are the levels in which gain should happen either the platform should gain or the partner should gain or the people should gain in an ideal condition all of these three will gain that's the the real philosophy or that's like the embodiment of the open philosophy that the platform gains and then the people who are associated with the platform gain and probably a partner will also gain but when you try to subside either of these and make it one is to three or make only one part of this try and have an unnatural or an unexpected on an exponential growth I think that's the problem that I'm trying to talk about here it's not about commercial success it's not about somebody making money it's about what those resources do when you have made money that's the question just like the content that comes in like almost everybody who's in this session here come into this conversation with a good intention about open and that's a challenge that open has not been able to grapple until very recently what is what happens when your intention about open is in direct contradiction or is in a complete paradoxical nature of the way that you imagine it we are willing to disagree with people but what if you are willing to disengage or what if you are not willing to engage with people at the level of open what happens when fake news wants to claim a piece of open because it's open right that's the way that we have framed it so that's the point where a lot of our next generation problems and next generation contentions around open are going to happen it's no longer going to be about whether open is open or not I think that's today's problem the next problem is not going to be about utility at all the next problem the next big problem about open is going to be about are you really open because we have already seen this we have seen this in three different spheres we have seen this in the way academic world has worked we have seen this in the way that research has worked we have also seen this in the way publishing has happened the next territory where or the next domain where this is going to happen is in open and are the stewards of open prepared for this either at the level of the institution or at the level of individuals or even at the level of the way that we want to intellectually present that the reason why I'm such a big believer in Wikimedia projects and probably OSM to a great extent is because we have found a way to talk about it there are regulations we still don't have a philosophy to talk about it but we have a process to talk about and hopefully this process will grow and evolve with all the questions that come but if you want to just say open and forget it or open and just leave it at that there are no processes and where will those processes happen that process will not happen when you create an article that process will happen when you talk about the problem so I think that's again something that we have to look at our institutions to do this so I'm just going to do a little bit of an advocacy pitch here the institutions that are at the level of the working of the community should take the question of content and also should take the question of the future of the content we will get content if by and by with all of the communities coming in with all of the new developments in technology we are going to get content I don't think we are hard pressed for content quality of content yes I agree but what about the future of the content when do we get to talk about it because that question is very symmetrically and very symmetrically linked to the future of open if I can add something listening to both of you I keep coming back to this thought that I keep having in my head when I think about the continuation of this essay so let me start by saying that this original open has the advantage of being a simple right you said flat world flat world is like a very simple place you know what it's going to look like and the simplicity for sure allow these open models to scale and I think the whole challenge is that the moment we start talking about managing it needs to stop being so simple that's not a problem yet though it is a challenge right but fundamentally maybe it can be solved though to be honest there seem to be a lot of conversations using terms like Ostromian comments right so managed opinions, regulated comments but I don't see this happening in real life and my one worry is that I think one of the best mechanism we have today for managing content are algorithms and I think the big sort of to say it in simple terms advantage of Wikipedia is that when I open the front page it doesn't algorithmically choose an article that I should read and that's a huge advantage of open that people often don't talk about right this is a philosophical choice by the way it could very easily there's nothing in open stopping the open platforms from doing that but most of them I haven't researched this but my gut feeling is you don't do it and that's my worry that I think a lot of ideas about managing comments, managing permissions managing responsibility will quickly have to shift to IT tools by the way I need to say one two things we have ten minutes left and we have a lot of comments in our etherpad that I'm basically I'm very sorry to our listeners unable to process what I think I can do I don't know about whether Tanvir or Nana have time I'm happy to join you in our remote world and maybe chat with you a bit because honestly we have no way of addressing them but I'm very happy for maybe I can ask one question from the comments at the end because it's a cool provocative question anyway I don't know Tanvir maybe you want to continue. I actually was looking at the comments and there is one that I specifically want to address because it was really something that was on my mind as well so somebody says so if we have gone from the UTD Terrent to bourgeois does that mean we need a revolution and a pivot and I think it's a very good question as provocative as it may seem to some that I agree with Tanvir that the question of today are very quickly followed by the question of tomorrow and to me the question of tomorrow is that we sort of need to have a conversation on a very general level of what do we do with this world as it is of now because also part of this conversation is about to what extent to me one of the questions if you talk about platforms we capturing things and benefitting from them and not giving back is that basically can we by producing more content or shielding it somehow can we change the way the world works right or not right but do we even want to right and I think the question is and it's the same question for you know for creative commons community which I think there are a lot of overlaps with but also in terms of licensing right is what do we really want to do what do we want you know as a community as a movement do we want to make this work better which basically to me would mean or you know kind of patch what's not working which basically means that we are following after some deficiencies and try to fix them but in general we have no problem with how things are set up or do we actually say well the problem why you know the content is being used that way is not that we do something wrong but that what I said before that the actually system is rigged against that right system is a very eager to capture free labor and not give anything back right so this is so do we need a revolution right and it's not the question you know of my personal view whether we need it if you ask me yes I think we do but of course it's not for me only to answer I think we owe ourselves this conversation right and what it means really right what it means for the people who have different views about that right and generally like the world that it is now because either they benefit from it in some way again no judgment here right or they just you know don't question it for this rather reason right it's I think with the strategic discussions in Wikimedia we came very close to discussing that question in a sense right when we talk about knowledge equity for example which is basically knowledge justice out of a better way to explain it it doesn't mean that we just move you know a bit like scooch a little bit and make a room at the at the end of the table you know and somebody may sit with you know half of their you know sitting area and you know listen to what we have to say no it means that we have to really sit in face our privilege and confront with it right so these are also we have parts of those conversations but we don't I think really have it really you know set up right what do we do with this mess right and it brings me to another point that I would just maybe say and then that will be my closing remark is that we lack intersectionality in what we discuss right Wikimedia or you know or Creative Commons or music or open educational resources what happens with them sometimes you know how they are being used to better understand the evidence to what happens everywhere right agriculture same thing same story right now we see this whole debacle about you know IP around covid vaccines right which is to be fair what happens in Europe is graceful how much you know resistance is to is to that so so basically to me this is also something that we cannot just look that we have this beautiful encyclopedia and that's it right and part of this conversation is to find some sort of overarching narrative that is actually putting together all those efforts that aim at more sharing more practice because we focus on the output we focus here on the content but it's also practice is what people do with their lives right how they interact together what sort of society we we built online that's important and we don't get to discuss this right and we don't get also celebrated so to me this is also an important point where we need to open up a little bit and nothing only about how many just to simplify it even if it's not fair right how many you know pieces of open content we can put out right but also you know what is the sum of all that work you know for the humanity and how people can really take part in that right not only by you know checking in which year somebody was born or whatever other information than look but also as as people who then get agency and get freedom and get also to be a part of something that is wonderful and that I think is you know it is frankly you know a great hope for internet if we can continue doing what we can here we're wrapping up slowly do you want to meet one more yeah I think I'll just take the last with that Anna put in the agency question and link it with the question of open that we have been talking about I mean the idea of big open was romantic right that it was it was such a romantic idea we all wanted it to succeed but if you were to think about it and I still hope that it will succeed but if you think about it there's something curious player there which is if you look at the larger intersectionality or utility that Anna mentioned the value of knowledge is not as much as it was earlier there is an inherent drop in the way that we understand value of knowledge this could be because of the of the N number of resources available the N number of experts available but price of education has gone up and this is when open is functional so if you take a look at any of the emerging countries and the cost of education it's gone super super super expensive how did this happen when we had a functional open domain so we are coming back to the question of the intent if and very and not even theoretically at a very experiential level if the value of knowledge is contested and if the price of education is high then what kind of messages are we sending to the larger community that wants to contribute to the corpus of knowledge I think that's a question that I would leave today to unpack thank you so it's slowly time to wrap up the last thing I want to say hopefully it connects Tanvi and Anna your thoughts this political intentionality is very important and we don't mention it in the essay because the question is of responsibility I think often the creators of open content are actually not responsible for the power imbalances and are in a very difficult position because one of the only strategies possible would be an exit one stop doing that and I'm not actually sure the world would get better without the open projects but what they should be doing is they should be more political and that was how I saw some of the conversations in the movement strategy where I was not happy with the final outcome because I believe that participants in the open movement are people who are already very aware of what goes on in the online environment as compared to your average person and they have a certain obligation to use strong words basically fight for the shape of this environment that used to be done through advocacy through politics of a sort and I see very little of it I think you're right Tanvi very often we think this is utilitarian work producing content basically yes maybe the content will get produced but someone needs to defend this model this way of being together and if I was to name something that is for me a strong outcome of our conversation as a reminder to pay attention to that but I think we've reached a certain point of a short chat about the future of open I hope we'll have more chats I can see more people we should be chatting with in our etherpad Tanvi you still want to say something go ahead I just wanted to give a big shout out to Marti who's taken such excellent notes I just realized that Marti has been taking very very good notes thank you Marti so thank you to all of you I personally really like talking about the future of open I think Tanvi and Anna do as well so we're happy to find more opportunities to do that please get in touch if you find the topic as fascinating as we do and have a great day


We have a scary looking circuit with 5 volt battery connected to these four resistors and our goal is to find the voltage across this resistor How do we do that? Well, my go-to method when we have such complicated looking circuits is to first try and reduce the circuit by finding some Residues resistors and parallel resistors and then see if I can find voltage and current in that reduced circuit If I can't then I'll reduce it even further and even further until I can find the voltage and current in that circuit Reduce circuit once I do that, then I'll come back. So let me show you what I mean So over here, can we find a couple of resistors which are in series or in parallel? Well, I see I see that this four and one ohm are in series with each other because whatever current goes here All of that current comes here same current means series Similarly, I find these two resistors are in series. Whatever current goes here the same current comes here But look these two resistors are not in series because whatever current comes here Not all the current necessarily goes here some of the current might go here or some current might come here So there's branching so not in series these two not in series Okay, so now that I know these two are in series I'll replace them with one resistor in series current Resistances add up. So this single resistance will be four plus one five What about these two again? I can replace these two resistors with one single resistor and that Combination will be two plus three five ohms. So let me draw a new series or reduced circuit Here we go. So this is the series combo of these two and this is the series combo of these two And now that I've reduced the circuit I asked myself Can I find the voltage and the current across these two resistors if I can I will do that if I can't I will try to reduce it even further Okay, can I find the voltage and current across these two resistors? Yes, because notice these two resistors are directly connected across the battery. They are in parallel Here's what I mean if this point is a and this point is b and I know the voltage across a and b is 5 volt But if this is a this point is also a because there's nothing in between no energy loss here This point is b nothing in between this point is also be nothing in between Nothing in between here. So this point is also a so look The voltage across this is the same as the voltage across this five volt and same is the voltage across this So I have found the voltage across these two resistors. What can I do with that? If I know the voltage across the resistor, I can find the current by using Ohm's law. And that's the whole game. If you know the voltage, you can find the current. If you know the current, you can find the voltage. So what does Ohm's law say? V equals IR, so I is V divided by R. So what is the current here? V divided by R, five by five is one amp. So the current here, and let's see the direction, this is positive, current goes from positive to negative. So the current here through this resistor must be one amp. And the current here through this resistor must also be one amp. And then that basically means the current from the battery must be two amps. The two amp gets split as one amp and one amp. And look, I have solved this entire circuit. I know the resistance, voltage and the current through both the resistor, which means I don't need to reduce it further. Okay, what do I do next? Because our goal is to find the voltage here. What I do now is I come back and I see which of these values I can use over here. Well, this thing has stayed the same. So the current here must also be two amps. And look, this branch is basically this one, right? So the current here must be one amp. Remember, I replaced this with this five ohms. So the current here must be one amp. The same current flows here. And similarly, the same current flows here and the current here must be one amp. The same current that I got here, right? One amp. And so now I know the currents everywhere. And my goal now is to find the voltage here. Can I do that? Yes, because I know the current. If I know the current, I can find the voltage. If I know the voltage, I can find the current. That's the game. So again, I use Ohm's law. So what is voltage here? Well, I know I, I know R. So I R one times three, three volt. Boom, that's the answer. Can I find the voltage here even if it's not asked? Yes, I times R, two volt.  That's exactly that five volt that got split as two and three. Makes sense, right? And you can do the same thing over here and here.