You are tuned in to the COVID-19 community report here on KDRT 95.7 FM in Davis, California. I'm your host, Autumn Lab A-Reno, and today is Friday, April 24th. We're sharing local news and resources focusing on what's impacting Davis and nearby cities in Yolo County during the COVID-19 pandemic. The show airs live at noon on Tuesdays and Fridays and repeats at 5 p.m. both days and at noon on Sundays, and you can also listen online at kdrt.org. My guests today are Brett Moraska of Davis Downtown and Sandy Hulman of the Culture Co-op, and we'll have that first interview in just a few minutes. Next Tuesday, I'll chat with Sheila Allen of Yolo Healthy Aging Alliance and Chris Granger of Cool Davis, and on Friday, May 1st, Congressman John Garamendi will be back with us. I just want to say, folks, I hope you're taking care and sheltering in place to the greatest extent possible. According to the Centers for Disease Control, we're rapidly moving towards 850,000 cases of COVID-19 and nearly 50,000 deaths from the virus in this country alone. Please stay home and hang in there, would you? Okay, on the local news front this morning, Yolo County issued a new health order and an amendment to its shelter-in-place order. Both of these are part of an emerging draft roadmap to recovery response that gradually facilitates a path forward through the current pandemic. The new health order requires wearing face coverings in public settings, including while waiting in any kind of line, while shopping, picking up food at a restaurant, seeking health care, or working an essential job that interacts with the public. Here's the key for businesses because this really rests on them to a large degree. They must require their employees, their contractors, owners, volunteers, etc., to wear a face covering at the workplace and when performing work off-site. They must inform customers about the need to wear a face covering, and this includes signage and also verbally advising those in line or in the store. They must take reasonable steps to keep people who are not wearing a face covering from entering their business and refuse service to anyone not wearing a face covering. I'm trying to imagine our friends next door at Redwood Barn Nursery barring the gate or handing out bandanas. I don't know how that's going to go down, but I understand the need for it. To clear up some lingering confusion, face coverings are not required to be worn by people who are at home, who are in the car alone or with members of their own household, or by children under the age of two years old due to risk of suffocation, or by those who can provide documentation that their doctor has said not to wear a face mask. Here's been a real point of contention. They're also not required outdoors when you're walking, hiking, bicycling, or running. I was yelled at by a neighbor the other day for walking the dog while not wearing a mask. I was nowhere around anyone else. So the key is we must comply with physical distancing during these activities, and we should also have a face covering readily accessible. Stick one in your pocket. This order will be effective immediately and enforceable as of April 27th at 8 a.m. The purpose of the order, of course, is to provide additional public health protection against transmission of the COVID-19 virus. And no surprise, we're still required to stay at home as much as possible to practice physical distancing of at least six feet and use other public health measures. It comes down to stay home and wash your hands, cover your coughs, etc. Additionally, Yolo County is adding an amendment to the current shelter in place order that allows select community activities to resume immediately. These have been assessed to be low risk for the spread of COVID-19, and they include reopening of things such as golf courses, gun and hunting clubs and archery ranges, boat ramps, and fishing. Each of these activities are not strictly prohibited by the state order, and county staff and law enforcement says they will closely monitor outdoor activities over the first two weeks. So as always, I direct you to yolocounty.org. They have a new roadmap to recovery link there. And real quickly, listener Lois Richter writes to ask, did you know that to keep your car healthy, you need to drive it for about 15 minutes once a week. During this time of shelter in place, many of us are driving very little, but just turning your car on and off doesn't help because it only drains the battery more. And letting it idle in the driveway isn't enough to get the alternator working. So the recommendation is to drive it at least once a week. And this tip is courtesy of Hoffman Automotive, who is an essential business and remains open. And thanks to them and Lois both. We're going to take a moment for music before our first call. All right, Brett Moraska is a native of Napa, California and an alumnus of UC Davis. And after spending several years running his own high level sports marketing enterprise in Sacramento, he returned to Davis, where he assisted his partner in acquiring Bohem used clothing and gifts. That was in 2015, and he continues to assist with the store's business development and marketing strategies. But these days, he is the executive director also of Davis Downtown Business Association. And he's here today to tell us about their new gifting stimulus program, which launched this week. Welcome, Brett. Thanks for having me on. You bet. So I heard through the grapevine that although the gift cards to the gifting stimulus program downtown launched this week, that it's really off to a big success already and that several businesses have have maxed out their stimulus. So before we get into the program itself, let's talk a little bit about the work of the ddba in general and your role there. And then we'll talk about this new program. Yeah, absolutely. I'm actually really excited to come on board the ddba. Although when I first came on, which was early last month, very new to the organization, the landscape was quite different. Yeah. Great timing, Brett. I know. Well, like I say, it's like not just jumping into the fire, it's like kind of in the middle of the ocean, right? Yeah. But yeah, so when you go to a new organization, I had a lot of goals. I had a lot of things that I'm looking forward to accomplishing. And the ddba as a whole is really to advocate for downtown Davis businesses focused on marketing and events and other things as well. But that really do try to bring people downtown and support these downtown businesses. So with the COVID-19 crisis, things changed instantaneously and had to kind of change focus with that. Of course, events canceled, not knowing exactly when they're going to start up again. Yeah. And of course, not only that, students leaving town, which of course is a big part of the population in Davis when they're here. And a lot of businesses having to close their doors, at least partly if not all, because of the mandates. Yeah. So had to be kind of innovative in how we're going to move forward. And it had to happen fast as livelihoods are at stake with a lot of these small businesses, their owners, their employees, et cetera. Sure. So the gifting stimulus program is a partnership with the city of Davis. So how did that come about? Yeah. So actually the ddba is when we launched this program, we are the ddba program and it's co-sponsored by ddba and the city of Davis. Great. We greatly appreciate their contribution of $25,000 into the program, which matched our $25,000 contribution as well. So for stimulus money, to date it's $50,000. Looking to infuse a total of at least $100,000 into downtown businesses because the consumers will be purchasing gift cards or gift certificates directly through our web portal and the favorite business are businesses. And for each dollar they spend, we match that amount to the business that goes into the business pocket. So if you buy a $50 gift card to your favorite business, we match $50, give it that to the business directly so the business gets $100. Each business having a $1,000 cap of stimulus funds as a whole, so up to $2,000. So to participate, a business has to be a member of the ddba and they have to register for this program, right? So it can't be just any business. Correct. And we've had a great response. We did everything we could in a short period of time to reach out to all our member businesses that we could that could benefit from this program. And we had a great response with that. It's always a challenge trying to get a hold of people, making sure there's up to date contact information, et cetera. But what we did, we got a lot of businesses in right away. And ever since we launched, there's been a lot more as well. So it's also reconnecting us to a lot of businesses that we almost, you know, some kind of lose contact with. Not everybody is a retail store where you can walk in and talk to somebody. So that was a challenge, but it's been a great response to that. Well, and even prior to COVID-19, the whole business landscape downtown changed pretty radically, you know, over the last year or two as as the Brinley properties were sold and a lot of things shifted around. So I think you came on at a very interesting time, regardless of COVID-19. Yeah, there were a lot of empty spaces downtown and some were getting filled slowly, but some have been empty for quite a while. So it's, you know, again, when you go into an organization with certain goals, that is something definitely that I was looking at and trying to solve. I'll figure out how to solve. But obviously at this moment is that's definitely not the focus, but hopefully this really changes how people shop. Yeah. And ultimately the goal for the DDBA and even through this program and now realizing how COVID-19 is changing people's spending habits. We want to make sure that people are really focusing local because what downtown of any city is the central core, right? And that city center of events and vibrancy. And so if it's not there, then it's, you know, we lose a lot of what Davis has been and it should be again. Right. I'm guessing largely because of the student population. We have a very high proportion of, you know, restaurants and cafes and in the downtown area, many of whom are obviously they're they're hampered right now. But they have been incredibly creative in creating options such as, you know, curbside pickup or different forms of takeout, you know, if they weren't doing takeout before. I read something and this is not a hard news fact. I just want to run it by you and see if you know. I read a friend's post today who said that a restaurant tour thanked her for doing her dinner pickup herself instead of going through something like DoorDash or Grubhub. Because the restaurant, they actually take a 25% cut from the restaurant for that. Do you do you know if that's true? Yeah, those typical services do, typically, and they can't speak for all of course, but they charge the business and the customer both. That's how they make their money. I do believe that there were some, some forgiveness, at least on the, on one side, the customer side.  So it is tough. It is, it is great if somebody can go safely and legally, right? Go pick food up themselves and, you know, support the business in that fashion. My family's done more takeout in the last month than we normally do in a year. And, you know, because it is, it's just what we need to do right now. We want these businesses to be here when this is all done and we want to be able to, you know, to walk in. Well, let's talk a little bit about the other work of the DDBA. The way I'm mostly, most directly connected to you is through the Second Friday Artabout that you all sponsored, which is fabulous. I chair the Arts Alliance of Davis and so I've worked a lot with your marketing folks to, you know, to get word out about the Artabout and to collaborate on that. We miss it. We just want you to know we all miss it. It's a great thing. Yeah, certainly, certainly. And we hope to get it up and running as soon as possible again. But it's not looking like it's going to happen at least through mid-summer and when we don't know beyond that. It is going to take at least a month, of course, to get things back in order again with that. So there will be a little ramp up period. You've got to, you know, got to schedule people and end the venues, entertainment, etc. So we hope to get up and running again. But we do have something also exciting in the works and making internally is we are, and it's not certain it's a, it's in process right now. Conceptual process, I should say, is a communal art project that can bring people together in the community together in a way of what, it's almost to try to share your emotions and what you've gone through during COVID-19. And to be able to express that in art through different mediums. And the goal would be to showcase this art at our first art about once again and have it available for the community to see. And so different age groups would be able to participate and be assigned or you can get something for, you know, winning that age group. As well as the businesses being able to benefit from it for bringing people in. And also the possibility of taking some of those pieces and making products, perfect stickers, magnets, maybe t-shirts, things like that. Like I said, this is something, these are things that the BBBA kind of works on behind the scenes. It's trying to be innovative in that way and try to bring something new and exciting to the community. And really tying in the emotion. And the BBBA slogan is powered by the people. Yeah. Well, this, with this art project, yeah, with this art project you're speaking my language. So you'll have to let me know how Davis Media Access and the Arts Alliance can help support you in that. We need to wrap this segment so I want to make sure that people know how to find out more about the Gifting Stimulus Program and where to reach you if they want more information. Okay. Well, it has been amazing response by the community and we thank the community greatly for the support and showing their love. It really is what it's kind of all about here. This isn't about, you know, the business is greatly profiting. This is about helping them come back. So they can go to davisdowntown.com and right on the homepage there is information on how to access the portal. People to support for these businesses to actually get the stimulus money, the funds, the match funds. They have to go through this portal on our website, not fly directly from the businesses. So they can do that if a business hasn't registered, they can do so as well. But just to let you know, this has been an amazing response and right now we are really close to the cap on this. It's been unbelievable in a day and a half. But we are currently very actively trying to find more donors to keep this program going. All right. Well, let me know how that evolves so we can provide updates here on the show. Yes. Absolutely. I want to thank you so much for calling in today. It's been a pleasure to speak with you and best of luck with the DDBA. We have to keep dreaming of our future events. You know, we have to keep that hope alive. Yep. We'll be back. All right. Thanks so much, Brett. Thank you. Have a good day. All right. I was reading a New York Times article today about childhood vaccine rates dropping dangerously as parents are avoiding doctors' offices. In my interview with Sutter Davis Hospital CEO Rachel McKinney earlier this week, we actually talked about that continuity of care, even as COVID-19 is ravaging every, you know, ravaging the land. She reminded us that every care and precaution is being taken to keep patients safe and that routine wellness care should not be abandoned at this time. The Times article notes that as parents around the country cancel well child checkups to avoid coronavirus exposure, public health experts fear they're inadvertently sowing the seeds of another health crisis. So questions about individual care should always be directed to one's personal health care provider. All right. When the news started breaking about how COVID-19 was disproportionately affecting communities of color, it wasn't all that surprising when protests by far right white people started up with the underlying message being, sure, let's open up the country. It doesn't affect us. My next guest is well-known for her work for equality and equity in our social, economic, educational, and political systems. Here to tell us more is Sandy Holman, Executive Director of the Culture Co-op. Welcome, Sandy. Great morning to you, Autumn. How are you doing? I'm doing fine, thanks. It's good to hear your voice. Good to hear yours too. So this is a big topic and we only have a few minutes to chat here today. I know. But although economic inequality affects people of all ethnic and cultural backgrounds, African Americans in particular face structural inequality on nearly every level and it's taking folks out in droves, this virus. Absolutely. So tell us a little bit more about that. Well, you know, we have been dealing with historical constructs, policies, practices, white supremacy ideology, anti-oppression, since the inception of the country. And these things don't go away and it's created structures, as you said, that create a compounded institutional impact disproportionately on people of color, poor people, other marginalized cultural groups. And, you know, the pandemic is just exemplifying the magnitude of when we don't deal with the zoo in the room, not just the elephant, what happened, and yet the right people are dropping in droves. And that's why I have been wanting to do this cost of darkness documentary for so long. Right. So you've run the Culture Co-op. I don't even know how long it's been. I've known you for a long time and you've been doing that nonprofit work for a long time. The cost of darkness is a documentary looking at all of this. And it's something you've been working on with your interns over a period of years. You're getting close to finishing, right? Yes. We basically have started to do previews because it actually will officially release in 2021, but we are using it now. And it had done two previews and we're getting ready to actually partner with some organizations in Northern California and the East Coast when this pandemic hit. But this documentary is a labor of love. It was done in partnership with my brilliant, incredible interns, most of whom are from UC Davis and we met with so many obstacles and everything, but oh my God, it is so incredibly powerful. And I want people to understand the importance of this and the reason why we did it. We've done this because we want to give people a foundational introduction on these things, structures, policies and all those things which are affecting cultural groups and systems so they can hit the ground running with their strategies. We want people to facilitate a deeper discussion of historical and equity oppression and supremacy ideologies so that deeper solutions can be explored. And we want people to have a foundational knowledge base of this concept of compounded institutional impact and the complicated structures they create which require way more creative and thoughtful strategies. Marching is great for example, but we've got to go much deeper. And I really want to align with my brothers and sisters to kind of plant seeds and an impetus for a systems approach that's built on evidence-based practices, goals, lessons from our ancestors and elders and which really address the root causes we are seeing. So that we can create interventions that are more likely to be successful long-term. Right, because it is that systems approach. Sandy, I watched the trailer this morning on YouTube, the trailer for The Cost of Darkness. It was very powerful and it really makes the point that after decades of doing all this work for equality, we are still so far behind. And of course the current administration has set us further behind. So what does that look like to tackle it on so many fronts? I mean it seems like an almost impossible task and yet we must. Yes, we must. And that's why I wanted to do this, because we can't have new generations starting from the letter A. We need to get them to Z as fast as possible. And that's why I'm doing this documentary and working on a book called Lessons Learned from Our Ancestors and Elders. So they can understand that we can't just do perversial kinds of things. Again, Marxists are huge, but they need to be done in conjunction with understanding what the root causes are. So for example in our political system, to register people to vote is great. But if we're not dealing with the structural things that we still have an electoral college that was based on slavery by the way, that we need to have public funding so other candidates besides rich folks can run, that we need to address gerrymandering and voter suppression and those kinds of things, that corporations should not be treated as an individual, then we're not really addressing the political things that are going to hinder us being successful. And that's just to give you an example in one system. So it's really, really important that no matter what, no matter how daunting it is, how crazy it is, how hard it is, that we understand we still have to try, but we have to operate from the sense of a mosaic working together, where I come together with Otto, I come together with people like Andrew and other groups out there. I'm just thinking of all my colleagues and stuff and we each have our talents and we attack different aspects of the institution as a collective, as a mosaic, so that we're not distracted by every single crisis that comes along and we forget who the real beast is. Which is really the various and toxic system. Yeah, what you were just talking about with the political system is about representation, but then we have other huge system issues like the industrial prison complex for one that's run for profit and really run largely on the shoulders of people of color. Yes, and so that's why the documentary is dealing with seven key institutions. We are dealing with the political system, criminal justice, education, media, healthcare, the environment. I mean it's very powerful what these young people have done under my direction and working with them and they have stayed the course and I am so proud. You guys are going to be blown away and a few people have gotten a chance to see a few segments of it already, but it's powerful and again it's going to inform more strategic strategies and from a systemic, a human systems approach, which is what we have to do. And tomorrow on Facebook at 2 p.m. I'll be doing my first Facebook live interview with someone for about an hour that goes into these things more and I hope people join us. You know you're talking to this non-techie here, but I am determined to learn as we are experiencing this pandemic so that I can continue this critical work.  I have a fire under me and I plan to do whatever I can to make a difference. Okay, Sandy, is that Facebook live on Sandy Holman's page or the Culture Co-op page? How do people find it? You know, I'm going to have to figure that out automatically. I'm scared of Sandy Holman's page, but I think it's also on the Culture Co-op page. Someone is helping me out of text. That's okay, you know, we're all learning here. We're all having to develop new skills. You know, I have a lot of, my superpowers love and trying to do what's right, but when it comes to technology I have a lot of work on to do. But I will figure that out. But people are friends with me and I tend to link out to some people that I can send it to you also. Okay, send it to me and I'll share it. I want to thank you for your time here. As I said, it was just a few minutes to talk about something really big, but I want to direct people's focus and attention to the fact that the documentary will be coming out next year. So thank you so much for joining us, Sandy. No, thank you for having me. You have a wonderful day. All right, you take care. Okay, bye-bye. That was Sandy Holman with the Culture Co-op, culturecoop.org, or find it on Facebook. I want to thank you all for tuning in. I'm going to be back next week with local nonprofit rock stars Sheila Allen and Chris Granger. Two people I really love working with and they're both doing fabulous work adapting to the COVID-19 virus and everything else. From the KDRT studio, I am Autumn Laberino and this has been the COVID-19 community report.


seltaneness 麗 麗 麗 麗 麗 麗 麗 麗 麗 I just filmed my day and that's what I'm going to do. Hello, how are you? Hello, how are you? Are you doing? What are you doing? Do you have fingers? What kind of fingers do I have? Do you know that you have a big thumb? It's a glaze. It's a glaze. It's very tasty. I can eat it. Do you like it? Do you like glaze? Is it warm? Is it not? What kind of fingers do you have? What kind of fingers do you have? A thumb? What kind of fingers do you have? It's you. Do you like it? It's you. You're in the camera. No, you can't take it. It's my glaze. Do you like it? Do you like it? Is it warm? Is it warm? Is it warm? What kind of fingers do you have? Do you like the paw? Do you like the paw? Do you like my cat? You are always trying to escape. Heel. You were just in our friend's house, and I thought that I spent 2 hours with their baby, and we simply read and throw things,арт Botha 快 We need that kind of energy, musically And I think we went there Because my wife wou just filth, kale cuts as a child Or not just a child She is interestedbud in this I suppose We are currently in Georgia my wife intends to go to the Cosmic Museum And I'm going to the fridge. So, how can you see my beautiful face? I'm going to the fridge. But suddenly I chose the most cheap fridge. And now I'm expecting a big white egg. Really, look at my head. My forehead is bigger than the bottom of my face. What the heck? And I did that one day before my work interview. I have to go to the work interview next morning. And now I'm expecting a big white egg. Look at that. I actually liked my fridge before I left the fridge. I went to the Chinese fridge. And I only had to pay ten dollars in total. And in Australia that's not a lot. And after two minutes I'm expecting that. I didn't even have time to say, No, don't do that. And now I don't have a fridge. And hopefully it will grow. But I'm not sure about that. Because you all know that I'm going to do that. And now, there are two other things that I want to tell you. I'm going to finish this video blog. The first one is that I'm going to eat this orange after a month of work. But at least twenty, no, thirty, thirty.  Thirty separate people. So not only you, Vanegge. You can't just shoot thirty videos in total. I want thirty separate people to shoot videos on YouTube for Esperanto people. And if thirty people do that, I'm going to eat this orange after a month of work. I don't even like to eat it. And there is one other thing. When I first took part in the last reputable convention, I suppose, I discussed a lot of Christopher Mim's films. And according to me, they were very popular in Esperanto. But almost never. In fact, I thought that I would never have heard about them before. So I just want to present one of their films to you all. As you can see, it's in English here, but all of their films are dubious to Esperanto. I thought that they would make six films in total, but all of them are in Esperanto and probably they are the best films in Esperanto. And I just want to show this to you because in Esperanto this film is called Attack of the Moon Zombies. So as you can see from the name, it is a movie. And I really like them. Often me and Kai just come here and watch their films. So I put the link in the description below for you all. And hopefully, if you want, you can buy them from... I think that Amazon and some other places are really not important. So that's the end of this video blog. If you liked it, like it, share it, subscribe to my channel and don't forget to subscribe to my channel. And I'll see you all in the next video. And you're not there. I'll find you and I'll give you an infinite thank you. And as always, I thank you for donating to Patreon. I'll do that in Esperanto. I just want to tell you that every dollar that you can give helps me a lot. It helps to grow this channel and make it better. So my Patreon subscribers I thank you and I'll see you in the next video.


Hello, everyone. Actually, it's my pleasure to be here to share with you this topic. I asked Bruce, he said your association was set up five months ago. And when Linda told me this is the first feature talk, I kind of very nervous, you know, because this is my first time to give a talk in Hong Kong. Yes, I give a lot of talks in Mandarin China, it's in Chinese. It's much, much easier for me. But it's great honor, I like to come here to share the talk. The topic is 40 years of the national matriculation angry test in China about its impact and implications. I'm from Chongqing University, it's located in southwest China. I also work as a consultant to Cambridge Assessment English, so every year I will spend two or three months there. Just now I mentioned, because it's my first time to give a talk in Hong Kong, so I had many rounds of communication with Linda about what should I talk about. And this is one of the emails Linda sent to me and said, oh, people might be interested in this and that. And she raised a few questions for me to consider with her help. I came up with two topics, a few topics I should say, right? And then in the end we decided these two topics. I already gave the talk this morning about the first one, China's Standards of English Language Ability. We called it CSE for short. The next topic is 40 years of the national matriculation angry test, because this year it's the 40th year since the restoration of the test. And CSE is quite a new national policy. It was released just this year. Its English version was released two weeks ago. As a warm-up activity, I would like you to look at this old photo and guess when it was taken and why. Welcome. And guess why it was taken and what did you see from this old photo? Could you see? Do you see anybody familiar? That's me. That's me. Yes? Yes, that's a village school. That's where I studied, started my education. And this photo was taken 40 years ago, 1977. The year when Gaokao was restored. Because of that, my father was excited. He saw the hope for their, with my mom. They saw the hope of us children. So my father gave us all five kids together to take this photo. This is a photo, the first photo in my life. And the first photo with my siblings 40 years ago. I was 10 years old at that time. I wish you could see more of the context then, cultural, social, educational, even political. If you look very carefully you could see the cracks in the hole. It's dangerous building. That's the only school building in my village school. And you could see some other kids that were so curious, right? Because they didn't see camera in their lifetime, first time. And you might also notice, sorry, no smiles on our faces. See, just one shot, you could see quite a lot of the economy, of the education of people's life. I can just use one word to describe the life then, poverty stricken. See, my young's brother, he was wearing a coat, but I was wearing slippers. And you could see my brother's toes. See, brother's toes there. It's very hard for me to imagine life then, now. That's how we started 40 years ago. And also you saw the color, you see the color, black, gray. That's the color then. So with these backgrounds, context, let's start the 40 years journey. In my talk, there will be some key acronyms or terms. Gao Kao, in Chinese, Gao Deng Ru Xue Kao Shi. That's college, university entrance examinations. And Gao Kao English, that's English as one of the subjects in college entrance examinations. Because before it got the official name, we called it Gao Kao English, and then we got its official name first, matriculation English test, M-E-T. Finally, the official name is national matriculation English test. So in my talk, I will use those terms. And this diagram shows the change in and reforms of the M-E-T over the 40 years. In my talk, there will be two threads. One is about the M-E-T, the reforms change. The other one is about my personal journey as a Gao Kao test taker, a test developer, researcher, and a parent of M-E-T test taker. So two threads. This diagram shows the major events or major reforms. Gao Kao was restored in 1977. And in 1983, its weighting increased to 100 as a compulsory subject in Gao Kao. That was the year I first took Gao Kao. And then in 1989, Gao Kao English got its official name M-E-T. It was standardized. It's the first time we had a test specification, and its first time guided writing was introduced into Gao Kao English. In 1991, its official name changed to National Matriculation English Test. And then in 2000, a listening comprehension was introduced, first introduced to M-E-T. And in 2005, the first time I was invited to help design the M-E-T in Chongqing. That's when I started to do research in M-E-T. Then in 2009, the vocabulary size for the M-E-T was increased from 1500 to 3000. That's the year my son took his Gao Kao. And then in 2016, the Ministry of Education introduced this reform twice a year of Gao Kao. And also one task type read-to-write was introduced into Gao Kao English. This is a very brief introduction. Now let's have a look at the test structure of 1978 Gao Kao English. Could you see what were assessed? What was assessed? What was assessed then? Yeah, grammar translation. Because then grammar translation, that's the teaching approach, right? And only two skills, translation and reading were assessed. And mainly at sentence level. You could see sentence completion, sentence transfer, Chinese English sentence translation. So basically at word and sentence level then. And in 1978, only one reading passage. Perhaps you couldn't see it quite clearly, but you could see such a short reading passage. 218 words with five MC multiple choice items. Accounted for 20% out of 100. Could you imagine the stakes for any one test taker getting any one item wrong? For one item, five marks. In China, Gao Kao is then was very competitive. So you can imagine that. And these are the four multiple choice items. Each item five marks. So you could see then test design was not professional at all. In 1978, I took my first high stakes test. We call it Xiao Sen Chu. That's the entrance examinations for junior secondary school. Two subjects for us, Chinese and mathematics. No English. I had not even heard of English then. That's me. And then in 1981, I took my second high stakes exam. The entrance examinations for senior secondary school. For this whole class, only four girls succeeded in entering senior secondary school. These four girls. Obviously that's me. Always the shortest one. These four girls succeeded in senior secondary school. At that time, we had no idea about bias. No test fairies. Among those four girls, one girl didn't go to the senior secondary school because her mom died. And her father wanted her to get married early. And another girl, she dropped out after just half a year of schooling in senior secondary school because her parents wanted to build a house for her brother to get married. They couldn't afford her education, so she dropped. Just this girl and me carried on with our senior secondary school education. And this diagram shows the increasing waiting of NMET in the first few years of Gaoka restoration from 1997-0 to 100% in 1983. That's a year, 1983. That's a year I first took Gaokao. In my two-year senior secondary school study, my first English teacher is a teacher of Russian. He studied Russian at university. Then he taught himself English and became our English teacher. He's a very good man. He's a very good man. But he's a victim of the 10-year turmoil. He got mental problems. I thought I learned a lesson in the first year with my English. The second year, we had a new teacher who studied English for three years from a teacher's school. The students entered the teacher's school after a three-year junior secondary school study. He studied English for three years and came to my school to be an English teacher. I remembered when he read the line T40s. He looked at the number, line T40s with S. He didn't know how to pronounce that, how to say that, how to say that. But he started to teach us A, B, and C. So I started my English learning journey from the second year of my senior high school, senior secondary school. After one year's study, we graduated. At that time, not everyone got the chance to take Gaokao. We need to set the pre-examinations to compete for the rare opportunity to take Gaokao. I remember when I was setting the pre-examination Gaokao English, the test paper was so difficult. I couldn't do most of the items, but I saw the boy next to me. He was writing all the time. I couldn't help tears just flooding out of my eyes. I thought I must fail. But in the end, it turned out I succeeded Heffield. You know why? Can you figure out why? Because he didn't know the answer either. What he was writing was all Chinese pin-in. So he did much worse than I did, and I succeeded. So I got the opportunity to take my first Gaokao. Of course, I failed. I had forgotten the scores of all the other subjects in my first Gaokao, apart from English. I remembered my score of Gaokao English first time, 46 out of 100. To you, it's so no. To me, it's a huge achievement. At that time, I was 16. I was young. I was innocent. I thought, hmm, I had studied English for one year. I got 46. If I went to study for another year, what might be the score? At that time, I didn't say 92. I said 86. So I went to a Gaokao test preparation school for one more year. Very luckily, in that one year, we had a very qualified English teacher. He taught us one year in that test preparation school, used textbooks. He compiled himself. And I also got the chance to take my second Gaokao. I got exactly what I anticipated a year ago, a year before. 86 out of 100 in that one year. So you could say, teacher's quality, how important it was for kids. And that's the second year. So let's look at my first year Gaokao English, this structure. Could you see back there? See, what was there? Word pronunciation, recollection, error correction, word spinning, word matching paraphrase, sentence transfer. So you could say most of the items were at word level, sentence level, right? And reading is down there. These are some examples of the items. That's when I took my second Gaokao. So after my second Gaokao, because I applied to study English as a major at university, so I had to take the speaking test. I remember I was asked a couple of questions, a lot of them I understood, except the last one. I couldn't remember what's the question now, but I definitely remember my answer then, because it was so simple. I said, I don't think I can. I don't think I can. And to my big surprise, the examiner said, very good. You know why he praised me? Because many other candidates said, I think I can't. I think I can't. That's English. I don't think I can. That's English. Because of this one answer, I was admitted to a teacher's college to study English. So you could say, at that time, the English education then, and how much we need qualified teachers. This table compares the two years of Gaokao, the two years I took my Gaokao. If you look at the task types, item numbers, and the waiting, you could say, what could you see? See the task types? Item number, item number, and waiting. Even, you see, two years next to each other, you could see a lot of inconsistencies. For example, look at this one, sentence transfer, sentence completion, that's different. And the item number is so different. And the waiting is also different. They changed quite a lot, year by year. And we teachers and test-takers didn't know what would be in the next Gaokao English. So inconsistency was a serious issue then. And then I was admitted to this Tsigong Teacher's College. Tsigong Teacher's College, that's me. I was once young, very young. When I was studying in that teacher's college, we didn't have even one professor. We didn't have access to authentic materials. I didn't even have a tape recorder or a radio to listen to English. I studied very hard, mainly by reading simplified levels and textbooks. I was trained to be a school teacher. But three years later, I got the opportunity to take another high-stakes test. If I had succeeded, I could become a university teacher. But I was told by a Sadie, she said, because that test was to select university teachers. So height would be one of the criteria. And obviously I couldn't change that. But I did to Chitin on the day when they measure my height. I did a sense like this. And the doctor said, she measured me. Then I ran away. So she couldn't get me back to measure me again. But when I entered, when I succeeded in entering Sichuan University of International Studies, I found that's a lot of the case. Anyway, that's just one thing. Then you could see the transparency. We didn't have that transparency then. I was admitted. I passed that high-stakes exam, written and speaking exams, and entered this Sichuan University of International Studies for my bachelor's degree. When we succeeded in that exam, we were assigned to different colleges and universities. So I was assigned back to the teacher's college as an assistant teacher. And in my lifetime, the first time we had a native speaker of English to teach us speaking and writing. On my graduation, I mean, after I got my bachelor's degree, I was assigned first to a remote middle school to teach English. In that middle school, before I went there, no key succeeded in entering any college or university, mainly because of the poor quality of English teachers. So I was there teaching one year. And one year later, the headmaster in that school came to my college to give me 12,000 RMB. Then at that time for me, one month, my monthly income is 88 RMB. So it's like all of a sudden I become rich for a short while. Because the class I taught, many kids from that class succeeded in entering teacher's school, you know, three years college, or even four years college universities. Now many of those students become civil servants, city mayors, professors even. I'm very proud of my first year teaching experience then. That's from 1988 to 1989. But at that time, as a high senior secondary school teacher, I didn't know the reforms of those aspects in the Gaokao English. In 1989, Gaokao English got its official name, matriculation English test. And the first time we had test specifications. And Gaokao English was standardized. We used many multiple choice questions to assess students, test takers language use. And the guided writing was first introduced into Gaokao English. This table shows the test structure of 1989 MET. You could say part one English knowledge, part two English knowledge usage. We had some new task types like closed test, reading comprehension and guided writing. Many of those task types are retained up to today. So since then it's standardized. And at the first time, reading accounted for 40% out of 100. This shows the first time guided writing was introduced into Gaokao English. You could say, if you couldn't read Chinese, but you could figure out these are the directions. So the directions were much in detail. Here it says write the announcement in English in 70 to 100 words. Please don't translate the direction from Chinese into English directly. So you could say at the beginning for this guided writing, the test takes were told in detail what to do. And then in 1991, the official name, National Metropolitan English Test and the total score for Gaokao English MET increased from 100 marks to 150. And another task type AC revision was introduced. In 1991, that's a year my son was born. And after I had taught in that teacher's college for four years, I left my son behind to my parents. I moved on to study for my master's degree at Sutan University. A year later, my husband joined me for his master's degree. And we had struggled quite a lot for our study. And then I was employed by Tonkin University as an assistant teacher in 1996. That's when we first moved to Tonkin. That's the first time I attended an international conference. It's in Peking University, a language teacher in 1997. That's the first time I attended an international conference. And because I worked very hard and also did a study to do research, in three years' time I was promoted to be an associate professor. During that time in 2000, in the year 2000, listening comprehension was first introduced into the MET. So you could say it's very late we added this listening comprehension until 2012, very recent. During those years, there's some instability, instability of this task type in Galco English. That's why this morning, remember, this morning when we talked about those teachers they assessed themselves, they found listening is their weakest skill, right? That's a passionate reason. And this shows the directions of listening comprehension in 2003. The total score, 30 marks out of 150. The test takers had two minutes to transfer their answer to the answer sheet from the test paper. Two sections altogether for the listening comprehension. Part one, five short dialogues. Read once. Part two, five longer dialogues, or monologues. And read twice, I read twice. I had worked in Chongqing University for five years. Then I moved on to once again, left my son behind to my parents. This time I went to Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study for my PhD. That's my PhD. And when I left, my son's a little boy, when I graduated, he became a young man. So you could see the huge change in four years time. That's me in Shanghai, first time to attend a conference on language assessment. And my PhD was later published. I was involved in NMAJ Chongqing test paper development for three years. This table shows the test structure of NMAJ Chongqing. The policy started in 2004. The Ministry of Education had this policy. The provinces, cities could design their own NMAJ test papers. So Chongqing was one of the, I think, the most 19 provinces to develop their own test papers. So these table shows, those three years, they test components, and task types, item numbers, and the weighting of NMAJ Chongqing. When I was first involved in developing NMAJ Chongqing, I realized how much research we needed in this field. So since 2006, my team and I have been carrying conducting research in Gaokao English. And we published a book called entitled, A Synchronic and Diachronic Study of the NMAJ test papers. And we also had a project funded by the National Foundation of Philosophy and Social Science. And I would like you to do one more activity. Could you say back there this statement? This is a senior school graduate Hong Kong youth statement. Could you please take a minute to look at the statement and assess this student language proficiency and guess what might be the score for his Gaokao English out of 150. You can compare with your students from mainland China, right? If you know their performance and also their Gaokao school in English. Okay, please. High 120s, low 130s. You mean? For that student got that score in his Gaokao. Out of 150? Yes. What might be their score? 129, 130, 132. Okay. That range there. Yes. Any other guess? Very exact. So you could say we can make their assessment. This statement was written by my son. At that time, right after his Gaokao, because at that time he's targeting Tsinghua Peking University, then after his AMET I said, what if you couldn't get into Tsinghua or Peking University? The other choice is to study Hong Kong. So he wrote this statement after his AMET. And he got in his Gaokao English 136. So exactly 136. But he got, the total score is very high. His total score was very high. Ranked 15, I think it's 15, among 180,000 students in Chongqing in 2009. And he went to Tsinghua University to study architecture.  I was selected as the representative of parent. On behalf of 1,000, on behalf of the parents of 1,000 graduates to give a speech at their commencement to thank the school and the teachers. And also to congratulate the kids. And this picture shows the first day of my son's Gaokao. Parents were waiting outside the school for the kids to come out after the first subject exam. Okay, let's see. Let's review the 40 years of the AMET. 1978, 1988, 2018. You could say first, the skills were assessed. In 1978, translation reading. In 1998, reading, writing. And in 2018, listening, reading, knowledge, use, and writing. And all through these years, one skill was not assessed, speaking. So now you know why. Students from Mainland China, they cannot speak. Of course, maybe some. I mean, on Mainland China, there are huge gaps between areas. Even in one city like mine, Chongqing, you could see huge gaps between schools. But as a whole, students in Mainland China, they are not that good at speaking. One of the reasons, because speaking is not assessed. For those students who apply to study languages, they will take speaking tests. As after the AMET, written AMET. And in some provinces and cities like Guangdong, Guangdong province, they have speaking and listening tests together. See, computer-based. So it's different from province to province. But for the national test paper, no speaking is included. Do you still remember my four siblings? Do you still remember my father? He saw the hope for us five children. These are five of us with my parents. You could see the huge changes. Four of us five children took Gaokao and changed our lives. For my brother, eldest brother, twice Gaokao. For me twice Gaokao. My sister three times Gaokao. And there's one story even. You could see how huge the impact could be for children, for students. My eldest brother, he was studying in university when I graduated the first time I took Gaokao.  And he said, you take that, then you can fall asleep right away, right away. And the next year, he did the same thing to me and to my sister. After my sister passed her Gaokao, he told us, it's vitamin C. People tried every means to help you to get prepared for the exam.  And my sister, civil servant, a government official, and I'm the only one doing academic, become a professor. And you could see the, what's a huge difference. Do you see from these two pictures? They are, you know, my siblings and my children. They all smile. See? They're all, yeah, they're all smiling. And also you see, very colorful with their clothes, right? That picture was taken 10 years ago. It's almost at our same age. So you could see the huge difference between the two generations. Because just because of, I think, many education helped us to have a huge, different life. Not just for my generation, but for our next generation and maybe generations to come. And this is my big family getting together last spring festival. One year ago. Okay. To prepare this talk, I did many test papers, Gaoka test papers again. Not just to see my English performance. Unfortunately, I found I didn't make much progress over the years in my Gaoka performance. But what really worries me, what really worries about me. Could you please see my performance here? I did those test papers in one week's time. Okay. I did it just once. I didn't spend much time to think and, you know, just carry on doing. Okay. All those main objective items. Not subjective. No listening because I didn't have the tape. I mean, for the listening, I didn't have that material for listening. And I didn't write the compositions, essays part. Most of them are subjective items. And my performance. You could see the huge range, right? What do you think caused those, you know, fluctuations? Difficulty levels. Okay. First, difficulty levels. What else? Sometimes familiarity of the task types. Okay. And some other reasons. I found some test papers. You see, it's just boring. I just didn't want to do, you know. And some passage, you know, the topics are very interesting. So I just would like to read with Igles, with Igles. Particularly, I'd like to draw your attention to this. That's an immediate Zhejiang. Zhejiang was one of the two provinces in the city, just Zhejiang and Shanghai. Now, they started 2016, this pilot, twice a year, Gaokao, English. For example, Zhejiang, you see, one year, two times, the test takers can sit twice, or Gaokao. And they choose one time, the higher school, for their entrance exam. See my performance? Then I started to think about, perhaps some of you already knew. You see, just last month, this province, with their Gaokao, they got huge problems. After Gaokao, after the waiting, and some test takers and parents, you know, asked why they performed so poorly in some tasks, and then they changed the waiting of some tasks. And the more test takers and parents got into, I should say, rage, rage. Then they cancelled that policy, and some government officials, you know, got into trouble. So you could say, with these examples, you could say we still face a lot of issues with NMT. In my opinion, the major issues are about standards, transparency, accountability, fairness, and so on. I think we are still, we still have a lot of issues to deal with for generations to come. These are my two granddaughters. They are my, you know, energy to work for the future. Here are the major references, and I wish I answered some of Ninda's questions I showed on the first two slides. More questions are welcome. Thank you very much. That's my major talk. Thank you. Questions? Thank you very much for your talk. I should perhaps know this, but is there any attempt to standardize across the provinces? You're explaining to us how some things are allowed to be a little bit different, but is there any overall body that, I know it would be quite difficult, but is there any attempt made to standardize nationally? Thank you very much. Yes, exactly. So the policy for individual provinces to develop their own MMAT started in 2000, mainly 2004, last 10 years. Now we started to use nationwide, you know, the same test papers for the whole country. Only a few provinces and cities like Zhejiang, Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin, those four. The provinces and the cities, they are still developing their own MMAT. For the rest, we use the same test papers designed by the Ministry of Education, NIA, I should say, the National Examination Authority, the organization. I remember to call it NIA. Yes, and in China, we have the national curriculum for high school education, one national curriculum, but they allow different textbooks. And because of this, unbalanced development of education in different provinces. So they allowed for 10 years for individual provinces to develop their own test papers. In recent years, the tendency is to use the same test papers again. I call that kind of standardized with the same criteria, same standards. Yes, thanks for the question. Any other questions? Yes, thanks for your talk. So do you see in the near future that the speech component would be included in the Gaokao exam? In the near future? Thank you very much for the question. I don't think I can answer that because I didn't have the right to decide for that. But I predict we will because now Chinese government strongly recommends the use of modern technology and also because some provinces already started to use computer-based speaking tests. So for the near future, I don't know how long it will take, but definitely the government and also people at various levels, they see the importance of including speaking tests in Gaokao English. Thanks. Thank you very much. How is the computer-based speaking test done? Honestly, I think it's not interactive. With computer-based tests, that's always the problem, right? But some task types are like you repeat the sentence and you were given some prompts and you started to present individually and also you got the chance to talk with impairs. I think it's semi-interactive. And to a certain extent, the test taker's speaking ability could be assessed, but not like face-to-face communication. Of course, it depends on how we would define the construct of speaking tests, right? Generally, we think speaking tests should be interactive, right? Authentic and reciprocal. So, yes. That's up to this stage. Thank you very much for that question. Any more questions? Well, can I take this opportunity just to thank Professor Guggenbach for being very interesting. Thank you.


Is there someone you like at the moment? When you're attracted to somebody, you may spend half of your time fantasizing about them and the other half wondering if they like you back. And if the idea of asking them directly sounds too overwhelming and stressful, you could try to look for subtle or sometimes not so subtle clues, such as verbal or non-verbal communication to find your answer. Here are five of the common signs you could look out for. 1. You can't look away from each other. Do you always catch yourself locking eyes with them? Perhaps you tend to look at each other from across the room or steal small, shy glances when you're next to each other. The effects of mutual eye contact on feelings of romantic love have been studied for a long time now. A classic study going as far as 1989 found that staring into someone's eyes can increase your feelings towards them. The participants in that experiment were randomly paired with strangers and tasked to gaze into each other's eyes for some time. After filling a survey, they found that the couples who participated in mutual eye contact reported feelings of affection and liking. So it's a good sign if you and your crush can't seem to take your eyes off each other. 2. You find excuses to touch. There's nothing better than accidentally touching the hand of someone you secretly like. Your fingers meet for a moment and all you can think about is how it would feel to actually hold their hand. Well, when the attraction is mutual, you may notice that you aren't the only one trying to sneak in some skin-to-skin contact. Whether it's casually putting their hand on your shoulder or walking so close to you that your elbows touch, finding chances to be close to each other is a good sign that they like you too. 3. You're texting non-stop. Imagine this. It's late at night, you're lying in your bed ready to sleep, but you started a conversation with your crush hours ago and you just can't make yourself go to sleep while they're on the other side of the screen texting you. At this point, it's clear you like them. But you can take it as a sign that they like you just as much too. Why else would they stay up talking to you? And if you find that the conversation doesn't end after you fall asleep, that they text you the next morning with a good morning or send you a funny meme they saw and hoped you'd like, then it's clear that you can't get enough of each other and that you're both just finding creative excuses to keep in touch all the time. 4. You shower each other with compliments. Does your crush have something nice to say about you almost every time you meet them? And do you tend to take that opportunity to compliment them back without sounding pushy? Giving compliments doesn't automatically mean that you like that person. Oftentimes you may compliment others just to be nice and polite, but flirtatious complimenting is completely different from that. This comes from the heart and it happens much more often than just being nice. On top of that, when two people like each other, they also tend to get more deep and creative with their compliments.  So if you find that you both tend to give each other endless compliments, then there's definitely some chemistry between you. 5. People around you tease you. When it comes to having a crush, you may sometimes think that you're doing really well at hiding your feelings. But more times than not, it's pretty obvious to the people around you that there are some sparks going on. They might notice you glancing at each other, blushing or acting a little bit nervous when you are together. And when they notice, they might start teasing you in a good way, of course, by saying things like, you're such a cute couple or are you going to admit you're together while you may tell them that they're out of their minds? Secretly, you're hoping the same thing. Do some of these signs describe your relationship with the person you like? Let us know in the comments below. If you found this video helpful, be sure to like, subscribe, and share this video with those who might benefit from it. And don't forget to hit the notification bell icon to get notified whenever it's like to go post a new video. The references and studies used in this video are added in the description below. Thanks for watching and see you in our next video.


Hello everybody, E here. Welcome back to Thursday Theorist. Before we jump into what we're talking about today, I want to show you guys something. So I went to the library today and I found this. Now, if you'll notice, mine is still back here on the shelf. Mine is still up there. This is another first edition. I got the price on it, cloth, spine. It costs me 50 cents. Yeah, this is probably the greatest. It's in well-loved condition. It's a little loose in the spine. But this is likely, I have to clean it up a little bit, but the greatest book find of my adult life. Anyways, I just wanted to share that with you because I'm super excited. So that's that. I probably end up going into a safe or something. So today, on topic, we are talking about from a Buick 8. One of Stephen King's worst novels. I feel, anyways. Okay, so why is it bad? Why do I think it's bad? King says throughout the book, in fact, there's a quote in here that says something like, there's a story, a whole story with a beginning, middle, and end. And this book doesn't have that. It's kind of like Colorado Kid in that sense. I just, I've never enjoyed this book. It's another one of those, it's almost an alien book. The car, there are cars like this throughout the entire Stephen King universe, but where I'm going to tie this into the Dark Tower universe is with a book. When the guy goes and does the section in this book, he reads a book by a guy named Dr. John Maturin. Maturin, M-A-T-U-R-I-N, is the name of the turtle for the beam. Okay, that's the turtle beam. The name of that turtle is Maturin. Anywho, so there's your connection. Now as far as this book is concerned, I talked about this a little bit with Dreamcatcher, but I'm going to go into it even more because Stephen King started writing this book before he had his accident in 1999 and he finished it after his accident in 1999. And once again, like I said with Dreamcatcher, you could feel the pain in this book with how painful it is to read. I don't think I have liked a single section of this book. There's whole parts of it that feel picked from other, better Stephen King books and it is yet another Stephen King novel about a killer car. Now you can go one step further. Now this isn't, I don't want to say it isn't accurate, but it hasn't been acknowledged by King, but the monsters that come out of the Buick's trunk, it just comes out of the Buick period, remind me very much of the monsters from The Mist. So once again, we can bring that all the way back to the shop. So we're still in the Kingverse. If you want to tie that into the monsters of the Prim or the Tadash monsters from the Dark Tower series, however you want to tie that back, but they really do remind me, especially in, if you guys will remember in The Wastelands, when they're going, when they're on Blaine and they're going over and they're looking down, especially the artwork that the artist did for the first edition of The Wastelands, those monsters sound like these monsters. So what do you think? Did I miss anything? Is there anything else you would like to add that I did not cover in this video? I think that's everything that I want to talk about. So until next time, I have been E, you have been U. This has been another Thursday Theorist Review. I'll talk to you guys later. Bye-bye.


Item No. SCP-185 Object Class Safe Euclid Class Considered After Incident 185-1 Seat Document 185-1 for Details Special Containment Procedures SCP-185 is to be kept in a soundproof room with noise filtering microphones for monitoring purposes. Standard guard procedure is to be used for this object. Ear protection must be worn by all occupants in the chamber, excluding test subjects. Description SCP-185 appears to be a Russian R-105M radio used during the Cold War, except it has a crudely added keypad and LCD screen. The object can receive most radio transmissions, including encrypted signals, attempts to determine how it can break even the strongest of encryptions has so far been fruitless. SCP-185 has a very long range, surpassing even modern radio equipment. It functions as a normal radio until input is added via the keypad. It seems that if a year is entered into the keypad, the radio will receive transmissions from the specified era, depending on if messages were being broadcast on the set frequency. This function was discovered when, upon entering the random number of 1939, Neville Chamberlain was heard declaring war on Germany. The possibility of experimenting with dates and times has been noted and is being researched. The possibility of entering future dates is being discussed, and it has yet to be decided where the benefits outweigh the risk of causing a time paradox. On the inside, the radio appears to be unaltered, and the keypad is contained in a box affixed to the side of the radio. Researchers cannot access the keypad due to the box being made from a metal that has yet to be identified. It cannot be cut and there are no determinable ways to disassemble it. Addendum Document No. 185-1, Incident-1 During a test, a year was set to negative 13.73 billion, during the time the universe was suspected to have been created. Sound volumes emitted by the object cannot be measured with standard equipment. Survivors further from the incident reported rumbling sounds similar to recorded radio emissions from the sun. All of those within 200 meters of the epicenter died of asphyxiation. Sound waves had ruptured capillaries in the lungs, on top of reports indicated the victim essentially drowned in her own blood. The device failed to operate for some time after the incident, and it was found that the device's internal battery pack had failed. Replacing it restored functionality. It was noted that the LCD screen was still lit, suggesting that the device had no special power aside from the anomalous box. The sound waves have also rendered SCP ██ inoperable, leading to the reclassification of set SCP as neutralized. The radio seems to have received no damage. Structural damages have been reported on-site and a section had to be shut down for repairs. Testing has been postponed until further notice. Dr. ██ Any personnel caught using the object's list in the music on duty will be disciplined. Object Request Mobile Task Force Delta V is requesting to use SCP-185 to aid their mission of tracking down objects before arrivals. Task Force believes Iranians have important information and wish to intercept their transmissions. Request accepted. 2 3 2 1 2 1 2 3 2 1 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 1 2 3 2 2 1 2 3 2 1 2 3


Hello, and welcome to this presentation of the STM32MP1 cryptographic processor. This peripheral supports the data encryption standard, or DES, the triple DES, and the advanced encryption standard, or AES, in several operating modes. Authentication and confidentiality are required for most communication channels. Cryptography is then widely used, but is very demanding in terms of processing for a CPU. STM32MP1 microcontrollers embed a hardware accelerator for the efficient computation of block-based algorithms DES and AES. These well-known standards are suitable for symmetric cryptography involving a shared key between both parties. CryptoCrypt 1 is a secure peripheral under ETCPC control through ETCPC-DECPROT-0-Bit9. CryptoCrypt 2 is a non-secure peripheral. The CryptoCrypt 1 instance can be allocated to the ARM Cortex A7 secure core to be controlled in Opti by the CryptoCrypt Opti driver, or the ARM Cortex A7 non-secure core for using in Linux with the Linux crypto framework. The Crypto instance can be allocated to the ARM Cortex-M4 core to be controlled in the STM32-Cube MPU package by the STM32-Cube Crypt Driver. Crypt 1 is first initialized by the ROM code and used for authentication processing. It is also used by the application Secure Boot TFA during the authentication process using ROM code services. The cryptographic processor supports the Data Encryption Standard, or DES, the Triple DES, and the Advanced Encryption Standard, or AES, in several operating modes described in the next slides. Both standards are part of the block cipher algorithm family. DES uses a 56-bit key, while AES, which is more robust, can be used with a key of 128, 192, or 256 bits. A full data flow can be automated with the help of the Direct Memory Access Controller, or DMA. Data Encryption Standard works on a data block of 64 bits. Input data is encrypted or decrypted using the same 56-bit key. Large messages are divided into several blocks of 64 bits that are chained together following one of the two next modes of operation. Like Codebook, or ECB, or Cipher Block Chaining, or CBC. ECB is a direct implementation, block after block, with no dependencies between them. It can be used safely with small messages. For larger messages, CBC is preferred, since it efficiently randomizes the encrypted output. Triple DES, shown in the diagram, consists in chaining three consecutive DES operations for the same block of 64 bits, with either the same key, or with three different keys. As with DES, block chaining can follow either ECB or CBC. Advanced Encryption Standard works on a block of 128 bits. Encryption or decryption can be done using a key of 128, 192, or 256 bits. A full block operation is composed of several rounds of substitution and permutation. The diagram shows the operations for an AES encryption using a 128-bit key. Successive blocks can be chained following several operating modes, described in the next slides. As for DES operations, Electronic Codebook, or ECB, and Cipher Block Chaining, or CBC, are supported. ECB can be used safely for small messages only, a few blocks. In CBC mode, the output of the first operation is injected at the input of the next block operation, as described in the diagram. For the first round, an initialization vector is required. The third mode of operation is the counter mode, or CTR. In this mode, the AES engine is used as a stream cipher, generating a pseudo-random key stream that is mixed with the input message for an exclusive OR operation. For security reasons, CTR requires an initialization vector different for each encryption session with a given key. The two modes of operation mentioned in this slide add authentication and integrity to confidentiality. The authentication mechanism is applied on both the payload message that will be encrypted and also on additional data that requires only authentication. This last part is called the header. The first mode is the counter with CBC message authentication code, or CCM. This mode combines a first pass of AES CBC mode for authentication tag computation, or MAC. The MAC is then encrypted with the payload in a second AES CTR pass. The same key is used for both the CTR and CBC passes. The second authenticated encryption mode is the Galois counter mode, or GCM. Confidentiality of data is provided using a CTR mode, and authenticity of the confidential data is provided using a universal hash function that is defined over a binary Galois field. GCM is faster than CCM as authentication computation takes less cycles. Universal hash function uses 10 cycles while an AES round uses 14. The cryptographic processor complies with the data encryption standard and the advanced encryption standard. These standards are published under federal information processing standards publications. Processing times are given for block operations. DES and triple DES operations are based on a 64-bit block while AES is based on a 128-bit block. Triple DES obviously requires three times more processing than a simple DES. AES times are presented in the table. For large messages of several 128-bit payload blocks, we can see that GCM is more efficient than CCM. The cryptographic processor block diagram is presented in the slide. The peripheral is composed of several hardware modules. The processor core responsible for one AES or DES block operations. Input and output FIFOs connected to the bus interconnect, and a module that embeds control and status registers. Two functional interrupts are defined for the peripheral. One set when the input FIFO is ready to receive data, and one set when output data are ready to be flushed by the CPU or the DMA. The DMA has two streams plugged to the cryptographic processor. These two streams share the same channel, number two. The output stream has higher priority than the input one. Here is an overview of the status of the cryptographic processor in each of the low power modes. Cryptographic operations are not possible when the device is in stop and standby modes. This is a list of peripherals related to the cryptographic processor. Refer to the DMA training for more information about the cryptographic channel configuration. And please refer to the hash training if you want to know more about cryptographic engines. For more details, please refer to these documents available on our website.


Hi everyone. My name is Sara Torres. I am co-founder and president of the Tops Latin American Committee which is a really awesome group that focuses on Latin American affairs. So basically what we do is that we have discussions, panels, events, even a field trip, a fact-finding trip to Latin America because our main objective is to create a space in which students can engage in learning, in asking questions, in exploring things pertaining to Latin America because we believe that Latin America is a very crucial region to understand, to know about, and this space is open for everyone no matter your level of background knowledge about the region or or anything. We don't expect any background knowledge at all. I think that makes LAC very special because we welcome anyone who's interested and willing to learn about a new region or this region that has so much to offer. My experience in the ideal began with Merge. I was one of the researchers that went on the Morocco trip. I researched about coloniality and the impact of Spanish coloniality, like Spanish coloniality in Morocco towards a Morocco's migration policies. In addition to that, I also was also symposium director for the Yemen symposium, incredible initiative and experience, got to learn so much about the humanitarian crisis in Yemen and all of the structural issues that came with the crisis and that caused it. My graduation plans are a big question mark as they are for most graduating seniors. My, what I'm doing right now, I'm currently working on an initiative called Colzin COVID, which means Colombia without COVID. And our main objective is to streamline international aid in the form of full coupons to some of the most vulnerable communities in the country. And we're very lucky to count with the Alliance with a gift to Colombia and Fundación Grupo Argos, which are two very established NGOs, very established foundations that are helping us. And my plan right now at the moment is to mobilize my resources, my connections, etc., and in trying to mitigate the challenges that are being faced by so many as a result of this crisis that is impacting everyone at different levels. My long-term plans are more blurry, but definitely something related to international development, a social impact, research, I'm very interested in doing research as well. A lot of this comes from my experiences with the IGL that has encouraged its students, that has always encouraged its students to really pursue questions and answer them however they want. So doing research, going to discussions, reaching out to professors, to experts, I think the IGL is definitely a gem at Tufts and I think we can all agree on that. You support students in so many different ways, apart from allowing us to travel abroad, making it accessible to us. You also encourage us to pursue our dreams and you believe in us, which is very important for our own formation as scholars, as individuals, as future people, humans doing hopefully great things with all the knowledge we have garnered through our times. And I mean it definitely saddens me that I won't be involved with the IGL next year because I'm graduating, but I definitely wish a lot of luck to everyone who will be with the IGL. The IGL is, I think the IGL is one of the best, if not the best space, a source of inspiration, source of knowledge I have found, source of support that I've found at Tufts and ever. It's incredible and I'm forever grateful to the IGL for everything they have done for me and for so many other students.


Have you ever shared something personal with just anyone and got let down by that action?  We all have times when we desire to trust others with certain information about ourselves. This is good. In a bid to build strong relationships with others, we must be able to communicate and even share personal matter with them to strengthen the bond between us. However, there are really some things that you should not bother sharing with certain people. At least, it doesn't mean that you do not trust them or that you are not making an attempt to trust them. It just isn't necessary to share those things with them if you want to have a healthy, sane life.  1.  They describe the kind of life you want for yourself and how far you are willing to go to get it. Your goals are centered around you, what you want to achieve and if at all, how you are going to leverage the help of others to achieve it. As I wrote, your goals centers on yourself, so very few people should know about your goals. Why is this? Because for one, we all naturally care about ourselves and conversations not about us, not focused on us but on other persons rarely interest us. 2. Sharing your goals with a wrong person or people could truncate the achievement of your goals. So many dreams and goals have been shoved down the sewer because of destructive criticism from goalless people who those dreamers chose to share their dreams with. If your goals matter so much to you, that's beautiful but know that nobody or just very few people care to know about it. Often entrepreneur Derek Sievers gave the advice during the TED talk, keep your goals to yourself. The reason is simple, research has shown that sharing our goals with others makes these goals less likely to happen. This is because we feel instantly gratified when others notice our goals. This way, our minds become swayed into believing we have achieved that goal. As a result, instead of going after the goal, we either become less motivated to pursue the goal or we stop chasing after the goal because we feel there's no longer a need to achieve those goals. Psychologists describe this occurrence as social reality. 2. You're looking for a job. Gather the job is great. You may be struggling at work or be desiring to transition to something bigger and better than where you presently are. Looking out for another job is certainly not something you want to share with your boss or your coworkers. If you don't keep this information to yourself, you might get ratted out and lose your present job. Declaring you're seeking another job may not go well with some of your colleagues at work who are already interested in your position or are likely just as are as to see you kicked out anyway. They may use this announcement for job search as a chance to get you out of the company because you even quit your job at all.  Additionally, if your company starts considering downsizing, you're more likely to get the pink slip since you're planning to leave anyway. This is only great if you're certain you will get a job offer from the other company. But what if you don't? 3. Your past affairs. Most of us have had past relationships and it would be the meanest thing or perhaps foolish thing to rant about our past affairs in our present relationship, especially when you think your past affairs seem to be better than your present relationship. Such comparison soon starts to damage the relationship because it affects your partner. When you're dead in love with your partner, you may want to reveal every beat of your past life to your partner. However, there is a big difference between being honest with someone and telling them your life story. If you're not cheating on your partner right now, for example, then you shouldn't disclose information about your unfaithfulness in past relationship. Your past is in your past now. Leave it there. When you confess to past acts of unfaithfulness, it might make your partner never to trust you. The instance there is no trust in your relationship, you have nothing. 4. You have a criminal record. If you have a criminal record, is it really necessary to announce it to others on the whim? On certain occasions, you may need to disclose to others if you've ever been convicted. However, if your criminal record is insignificant, then it is safe to keep the information to yourself. Why is this important? A criminal record could mess up a lot of things for you. It could obstruct a lot of opportunities from getting to you. It can stop you from getting jobs, especially. The self thing is that anyone can have access to your criminal records anyway, but to keep certain people from your business, clean up your criminal records by expunging it. Expungement, also known as sealing, is a cut-administered process that restricts public access to criminal records. Although law enforcement agencies will still be able to access your records, you usually must file a petition to have your records expunged, but in some cases, expungement is automatic. 5. Financial situation Okay, the social media might be bustling with people who want you to know they have all the money in the world. But here's the thing, nobody cares how rich you are. Nobody cares how much money your spouse earns. If you make more money than your peers or family members, you could lose your head in the process. They could despise you for that and may continue to use you to their own advantage. 6. Your weaknesses We all have weaknesses.  If you don't want to be taken advantage of or sound like a fool, don't talk so much about your weaknesses.  Doing so could be an excuse for not wanting to get things done. People could sense it and consider you simply irrelevant. When people know your weaknesses, they gain so much power over you. Too often, they end up using your weaknesses against you. According to the biblical story, something couldn't have fallen if it hadn't disclosed its weakness to the liler. When people are insecure, it is just natural that they would keep using their weaknesses against you because it helps to hide their own weaknesses. So keep your weakness to yourself. 7. Your marital problems Not everyone should know about your marital problems. In fact, beyond your therapist, not everyone should know the intricacies of your marital situation. It's easier for your spouse to forgive your mess-ups and let them go. But for your family members and friends, it is not. They would always remember that he or she messed up at some point even though you and your spouse have moved on. 8. Your health condition It is good to share your health issues with your doctor and also your family members. However, you may want to consider keeping it away from your colleagues at the office. If your boss gets a wind of your health condition, especially if it's affecting your productivity, you may be relieved of your job.  You can call in sick, but you should keep the details back. 9.  Jesus clearly states in the Bible that, when you do a good deed, don't announce it. Just by announcing it, you might as well forget about doing the good because you already know why you did it, to turn the spotlight on yourself. And people don't appreciate it when you publicly announce how you have helped them, showing off how good you are deliberately in the process. It shows you offer goofy and limits your chances of being received next time.  10. Your past resentments Nobody leaves without being hurt by someone. If someone hurt you long ago, let go of it. It's needless holding grudges against people for something they did 10 years ago. It's also unfair to transfer their heart to others. The people in your life at the moment aren't responsible for your pain, so don't lug it on them. Leave the past in the past. According to psychology today, holding onto resentment can lead to unhappiness, continual irritability and psychological compromise including excessive anxiety and depression. Sometimes it's just right to put yourself in the other person's shoes. Why did they do what they did? Perhaps something was going on in their lives at the time. When you can carefully put yourself in their shoes, you might start to see differently. Don't go for revenge. Instead, forgive and move on. If this video has helped you realize the things you should keep to yourself, subscribe to this channel for more helpful videos. We love you.


Hi everyone, Joe for jaspyscasebreaks.com coming at you with 2020-2021 Panini Prism Premier League, English Premier League Soccer 2 box, random club number seven is the breakaway edition right here Big thanks everybody here Remember all hardship. Let's roll it. Let's randomize it four and a four eighth the hard way one two Two keyboard three four five six You got robert down to josh eight the hard way for the soccer clubs two three And eighth and final time man united down to everton But first you don't see logan.  I'll bet you in the very next case. They'll be There'll be some fillies in there Robert with manchester united two you have my team liverpool Robert with burnley robert m with arsenal josh with the cheffield united west prom combo j with aston villa josh with south ampton Robert with mancity josh with lester city newcastle united robert with the other combo crystal palace leads josh with tottenham robert with west him josh with fulham drew with brighton josh with wolves robert with chelsea and joshua with uh Everton wow norfolk Up a point That was almost a massive comeback back at appellation state All right, let's sort by column b And let's print and rip Oh, they had two shots appellation state Watch some ucla here ruins down by seven to michigan state All right, good luck. Good luck. Good luck. We got robo jimenez to 99 and then we've got Ashley chef schenco andrey chef schenco. That's uh, the old old chelsea chef schenco going to robert ronkel Well, it's chelsea football club We got mark albrighton silver for lester that'll also be That's for josh nice mohammed salah Good Andres tonson for crystal palace that'll be for robert Salah will go to two Or toe with liverpool We got oscar bur 157 out of 299 for wolves. That'll be for josh And a kaboom right here leandro trussard I love these kaboom cards. That's for brighton That's for drew fulmer and brighton a hove albion These are pretty short printed as well. He's a pretty decent player too st. Vincent park New castle. Actually, I think the stadium silvers are kind of rare We've got your uh, yuri telman We got martin duvraca And we've got a do audulae dukure For everton that'll be for josh I like that teal That pattern in the pulsar pattern in the background looks really nice and andres gomez team old verner We got adam webster To 195 for drew and brighton Marcus rashford for man united. That'll be for robert Navi kata for liverpool to 99 and there's uh That's pilly coeta at the back there All right second box UCLA michigan state on the background UCLA down six Down nine. All right final box here. Good luck We got tyler roberts for leads. That's going to go to robert We've got mason mount nice one for chelsea. That's to 25 robert with that one as well It's a pretty solid player team old verner for chelsea We've got the silver also for chelsea. That's tammy abram We got surge orie We got miguel almirone to 195 for new castle. That's going to go to josh And nice Look at this raul hymn as color blast for the wolves Wolverhampton wanders josh idlitz I think this is the first one. I one of these i've seen in either breakaway or or the hobby editions that we've been doing That's pretty sharp Harry came for tot and i'm also for josh It's pretty cool josh. There's wandisaka Will small bone tovi alderweil for tottenham to 99. That's going to go to josh to kumi minamino luka milo veitch to 199 for palace. That'll be for robert There is a rookie breakaway pattern right there elan messlier for leads robert uncle And we've got oriel romay 31 out of 49 Mason greenwood's a nice one too and there is liverpool's sario mani There you go ladies and gentlemen another nice uh two box breakaway break in the books. That's uh random country number seven There'll be a little bit more in the store. I think so check it out And we'll break some more with you next time on jaspyscasebreaks.com. Bye. Bye


We're gonna talk about the bell and the notifications here in one minute. But first, we gotta get some food in our belly. Hey-oh, hey-oh. Come on. Hey-oh, there it is. What do we have here? Boom. What do we have here? True love, crushing it. Crushing it. We're putting eggs in the sausage. Oh, my, my. You know you want some, YouTube. You know you want some. Polish sausage, come on. Come on, come on. Oh, sorry. Sorry, YouTube. That doesn't look good. Sound good, can you get the sound? Now we're getting in. Do you see the little bits of this property? The sausages are underneath. You could literally put the whole thing on top of the lettuce. Oh, my God. You're eating the bread. Perfect. This is underneath our house. All right, we're gonna get to the bell, I promise, in like 30 seconds. But it's cold, it's in the mid-30s in Denver right now. Time to get the heaters out. Times they are changing. It works, it works. Test one, two, three, test one, two, three. We're gonna get to this in one minute.  Thank you, thank you, hold on. Before we open that, basically folks, I've realized I was looking back through the 900 vlog archive and I don't think I've ever explained what the bell does on YouTube. So below every single video, there's a bell. And that bell, if you click it, basically what it will do is it'll turn on notifications for you so that when I publish a new vlog, you will get an email from YouTube just alerting you saying, hey, Seth uploaded a new video, go watch it. And it's amazing, it helps us YouTubers a ton. And I'm realizing, wait a minute, I've never explained that to you. And before I explain why you should consider hitting the bell, I wanna ask the question of the day. Have you hit the bell on other channels? Do you enjoy the system, like the notification system from YouTube? Does it help you? I am subscribed to probably about 100 channels, approximately, but I only get notified from probably five to 10 channels, the ones that I really enjoy and I really glean value from. And I wanna start there. What is value? Well, your car is probably valuable to you. Running shoes, where are my running shoes? They're down below. Running shoes are valuable to me because they help me run and it's something that I enjoy and I'm healthier because of these running shoes.   Point number two to consider hitting the bell for this daily vlog, basically the question of the day, which I already asked. If you are notified when I hit publish and you get an email, you are much more likely to be the first people to comment on the question of the day, which means there's a good chance your answer will be read by other viewers, other commenters and yes, your opinion, your thoughts, your ideas could guide the conversation down in the comments below because I guarantee there's plenty of other viewers that are reading those comments before they comment. I know that's what I do just to kind of get a sense of what's going on in the video, in the comments and so something to consider you, if you have notifications on, if you hit that bell, you might be higher up on the commenting board. Does that make sense? And lastly, as I've already explained before, point number three, a reason to consider hitting the bell down below is that I am truly here on YouTube to help you. That's why I work hard to try and bring you value every single day through these videos. I'm not saying I'm perfect at it every day, but that's what I'm trying to strive for. So, and that could happen through encouraging you to go out for a walk when I'm going out for a run or to go out for a bike ride when I'm going out for a run or to inspire you through a little bit of seeking beauty or for you to get a good laugh because true love is bubbling over with love or because I'm maybe, maybe showing you like how hard I work. And there, like for example, last week, Fred, I think it was, somebody, I think it was Fred encouraged me somehow with the painting. I forget what the comment was, but it actually inspired me to get off the couch and go paint. And sure enough, the project is, it's basically done. Well, maybe a little more later tonight. So thank you for considering hitting the bell so that you get notified. I would obviously truly appreciate it because I wanna let, I wanna communicate with you as often as possible. I wanna help you inspire you, help you seek beauty, help you go up adventures up in the mountains with me, but I can only do that if you're watching the videos, right? So if you're notified, it might help a little bit. Does that make sense? So consider it, but I'm not, it's only if there's value, there's a value exchange here. That's what I'm all about on YouTube. All right, what do I gotta do next?  Come on. Super psych, no I do not. I've gotta open the package. I almost forgot, hold on. This is from Kofuzy. Kofuzy is a, yeah, I'm always talking about him because he's a fellow runner out in Chicago. Well, he makes great running videos and basically, oh, he's, he took it upon himself to, yes, spend his money to ship something to me, which I don't know exactly what it is, but I have a feeling, let's just see here. Yes, yes, I know it. Okay, so I definitely know what it's for. It's definitely for the GoPro. That's what this piece here is for.  Where else would you clip that? Maybe, I bet it's on your backpack. This is awesome. This is gonna clip on my backpack and then in hyper smooth mode on the GoPro 7, I'll be able to run without the GoPro in my hands. Oh yeah, now obviously we did the Gimbal GoPro 7 test yesterday, go watch that, but Kofuzy, thank you. This is awesome. I believe that's what it's, that's how I'm gonna use this. Fascinating. We're gonna give it a test. Now this is a low light test as well because it's dark out, it's nighttime. So I don't know if this is actually gonna film anything, guys, but we're gonna give it a shot. Thank you again to Kofuzy for this stabilization on 60 frames per second, 2.7K, let's go. What'd you guys think? How'd it look? How was the hyper smooth? How was the clip angles? And how was the GoPro 7 in low light? Thanks for letting me know. That was fun, that was a lot of fun. All right, so I didn't quite think the painting all the way through as you just saw in my run. It's freezing out, it's in the 30s. Paint and cold temperatures do not go well together. So because I wanted to paint the back door, I have to have the door open or I have to be on the outside where it's freezing and I'm not gonna do that. So I'm gonna hold off on the painting, momentum slightly paused, slightly paused. But to make up for that, we're gonna do the comment of the week, a day early. In the last like four or five days we've had I think around 200 new subscribers. You guys are amazing, welcome. And just so you know, every week I give a shout out to the best comment in the previous seven days. And this week it goes out to a new subscriber. Her name on YouTube is surrounded by stars and she said, hi, here via Cody Wanner's channel. I don't know if I'm saying his last name right. Love your vibe. And you are most definitely an inspiration already. I don't know if I'd be able to daily vlog but you, Cody and so many others sure light up my day. Keep on keeping on. Here's to you and all the no small creator, daily, weekly and anytime vloggers out there. Every video you post helps folks like me get over our fears one step at a time. Subbed and looking forward to watching the rest of your vids. Seth, surrounded by stars. Thank you, you get the comment of the week. That was a great comment. And again, thank you for subscribing. So many new fans and just faces out there that I'm so excited to get to know down in the comments below. That's why we do the question of the day. And that's why I reply to basically every single comment that I can, I'm still able to do it. As you know, I'm still able to do it because you guys inspire me. So hit that notification bell if you are finding value in this blog. Only if you're finding value. If you are, I wanna continue to bring you value. With that said, see beauty, work hard.