the right ingredients and we have to do the job, and that if we have the right ingredients and we do the job, that the vaquita can be protected. Welcome to our rolling coverage of the war here in Israel. I'm Nicole Zadik live in Tel Aviv. It's been 19 days since Hamas launched a full-scale attack on Israel. Israel has yet to begin their highly anticipated ground incursion. As Israel continues to pound the Gaza strip in preparation, more terrorists are still trying to enter Israel. A handful of Maas terrorists attempted a seaborn attack near Zakeem Beach, but were killed by Israeli naval forces. Meanwhile, Syria fired rockets towards Israeli communities in the Golden Heights. The IDF struck several Syrian military targets in response with fighter jets hitting mortar launch sites. Now the United States is preparing for this type of a regional escalation, sending a fighter squadron to the Middle East with F-16 fighter jets. While this says political leaders go head-to-head at the UN Security Council. After Security General Antonio Guterres suggested Hamas's brutal attack on Israel was in response to Israel's continued control of Palestinian territories. Now certainly quite a lot to unpack with all the latest developments of the war here in Israel, but we're already again on Israel's northern border where I-24 News correspondent Robert Swift is standing by. Robert, a relatively quiet night overnight but still this sense of tense calm and that escalations could erupt at any moment. That's correct. I mean yesterday we were saying it was quite quiet and then there was a couple of large security incidents so the quiet can be quite deceptive. Last night about five hours ago Israeli jets struck Syrian military positions. That was in response to rocket fire into the Golden Heights which took place towards the end of yesterday evening. This was attacked against Syrian military infrastructure and mortar teams and it was the second retaliatory attack from the IDF with artillery firing into Syria shortly after that rocket attack. Now at this stage it's unclear if the Israeli military is striking Syrian positions due to the fact that it has information suggesting that it was Syrian military that fired those rockets or if it was part of Israel's policy of holding Syria responsible for any fire that emanates from its border. Now there was also further deaths announced by the Hezbollah group. Its fighters were involved in a clash with Israel just in the hours of the early evening yesterday. A large-scale fight which took place when Hezbollah fired anti-tank missiles and mortar shells onto Israeli military positions. The Israeli military responded with artillery fire, tank fire and a drone. That brings the total number of deaths announced by Hezbollah so far since the beginning of hostilities here in the north to around 39. Robert, definitely the sense that it's not just Levin on border we're keeping an eye on Syria as you mentioned as well. For residents in the area up to five kilometers they've been asked to evacuate, correct? But many I hear are still standing the ground still staying in the area. What have you seen as far as the residents up there? That's right. So communities up to five kilometers have been ordered to evacuate and it's sort of a mixed bag. There are some within that five kilometer boundary that do still appear to be there. Not everybody has the financial means to leave. Some, you know, they just don't want to leave their homes. On the other side of the coin there are some people beyond the five kilometer boundary who have chosen to leave. One village that we filmed from yesterday was about eight kilometers away from the border and one resident there told me that they thought about 30 to 40 percent of the population had already chosen to leave. The five kilometers range that's about the range of an anti-tank weapon. So that's possibly the reason that the Israeli military has set that boundary. But Hezbollah and the other militant groups are operating around there. They do have other weapons systems that can go beyond that range. So, you know, some people just don't think it's worth being here whilst the hostilities continue. Our correspondent Robert Swift on the northern border. Thank you so much for joining us and giving us the latest on everything that's happening. I want to bring in my studio guest with me right now, our senior editor, Guy Azriel, joining us. Guy, quite a lot of action that we've had. And before we unpack all of the latest, I want to get to what we're happening on really the three fronts of the war now.  She's the director of the International Institute for Counterterrorism at Reikman University in Israel. Mary, thank you so much for joining us. I want to talk to you because as we were speaking to our correspondent, Robert Swift, who's up near the Lebanon border, he was speaking about those recent strikes in Syria, really preparing for possibly a much more wider regional war. And that's exactly what the United States is preparing for as well, sending in a new fighter squadron, F-16 fighter jets to the Middle East, all kind of in preparation for this to really escalate further. There's no question right now that we are looking at the challenges that everybody understood from Saturday, October 7th, meaning Hamas started this attack, Hamas committed those atrocities. But we've always been looking at what is Hezbollah doing? Because I remind us, Nicole, that we were expecting an attack like this from Hezbollah. They prepared similar type of plans they were practicing and training for similar type of plans. So when we look towards Hezbollah, we look towards Lebanon for the last decade since the Syrian war against Bashar Assad and the retaking by Bashar Assad, they have deployed, they, Hezbollah, have deployed their own forces on the Golan Heights. And there's been an in into Syria itself, different Shiite Hezbollah backed groups that are the ones that are firing against Israel. So that's most definitely what's been under the surface for the last two and a half weeks. And it just keeps creeping higher and higher. Mary, you bring up such a good point because Hezbollah has truly been the greater threat for Israel for years now. Hamas was kind of under our noses the entire time, but proves that they were a very large threat as well. And so now as the military is preparing for this ground incursion in the south, saying that they are going to completely eliminate Hamas is now the time also to completely eliminate Hezbollah as we've proven that our threats are sometimes even greater than than we think they are. It's so interesting, you know, it's like we want to talk about this on a theoretical basis. So I want to be clear, does the IDF have the capability? Does the Israeli country have the capability? Absolutely. As we see in trying to and going forward in eliminating Hamas, Hamas is within part of the Palestinian civilians that are inside the Gaza Strip that both support him or don't support them, but they are all interconnected. It's very difficult to do the difference between them. And so when we attack Hamas, Hamas weapons, Hamas caches of weapons, Hamas tunnels, Hamas booby traps and Hamas terrorists were also being there are civilians that are surrounding them, both supporters and non supporters that we keep telling to move. So to your question, Nicole, what do we do with Hezbollah that is in the same type of situation, but in Lebanon, a sovereign country, a country that has in and around 10 million people, Hezbollah, Arabic speaking Shiites in Lebanon are part of that country. So to eliminate it, as I said, the IDF in the state of Israel, we have the capability. The price is one that the Palestinian people and the Lebanese people will pay very difficult to decide. Mary Eisen, thank you. I want you to stay with us. But I want to turn to my guest in the studio, Guy Azrael. Guy, just yesterday, we saw from the United Nations Security Council, definitely some major claims coming from the security general himself, Antonio Gutierrez, about these brutal attacks, October 7th, claiming that maybe there was a reason behind them. Yes, a lot of backlash, a lot of fire from Israel. Obviously, following this remark from Antonio Gutierrez, saying that the attack did not happen in a vacuum, obviously, Israel was not willing to accept any excuse for this Hamas attack. Gutierrez later going on Twitter, saying the grievances of the Palestinian people cannot justify the horrific attacks by Hamas. Those horrendous attacks cannot justify the collective punishment of the Palestinian people, nonetheless, as well as called on Gutierrez to resign from office saying that he justifies a crime against humanity. And I made that a lot of news coming from the US as well regarding Israel's plans in terms of the ground operation in Gaza. President Biden was asked yesterday whether Israel should delay its ground operation and his response to Israelis are making their own decisions. We also heard from White House spokesperson, John Kirby, about the possibility of a ceasefire. Maybe let's take a listen to what he had to say. We want, as I said from the beginning, we want to see all measure of protection for civilians and pauses in an operation is a tool and a tactic that can do that for temporary periods of time. That's not the same as saying a ceasefire. Again, right now we believe a ceasefire benefits Hamas, a general ceasefire. Yeah, so obviously the question of the ground invasion is something that is looming here in Israel 19 days into this war since the Hamas attack. Israelis, many Israelis are asking themselves, what is Israel's waiting for? Obviously, there are so many different factors involved, including the readiness of the idea of preparing the operational guidelines to the troops on how to eliminate Hamas. This is not an easy task. In the middle of that, a lot of talks about certain negotiations for the release of more of the kidnapped in Gaza. We saw four women released so far. Obviously, there are things under the surface that we are not aware of as well. And speaking of just those hostages who have been released now reports also the IDF is dropping flyers throughout the Gaza Strip, urging any Palestinians with any information to come forward about these hostages. But how reliable is that and how likely are any Palestinians who actually use this so-called secure line? I have to imagine there's a lot of fear. Obviously, look, the IDF is investing a lot of efforts, both in terms of the operational efforts and the intelligence efforts. So that is certainly one of them. Obviously also interrogating or just questioning those who managed to return from captivity. We heard from one of them, you have it yesterday speaking about a massive operation of tunnels there. Underground. We know that have been separated. She or self was part of a group of 25 people later separated into five, each of them being taken care of by a separate guard. So that is a very complicated task. But if the IDF will get information, at least about a group of people that they know their exact whereabouts, obviously, we can expect that they would do whatever it takes to release them. OK, and as you're talking about everything that is happening in the Gaza Strip, I want to turn to our correspondent, Jonathan Regev, who is in the South right now near the Gaza border. Jonathan, as we were hearing from Guy, just about the imminent possibility of this ground operation, whenever it does happen, it keeps being delayed 19 days now. But what exactly are we preparing for? Is this going to be full troops going in or is it going to be a mixture of troops on the ground, little by little, airstrikes? What should we expect? The truth is no one really knows, no one really knows because the notion was a week ago and two weeks ago that it's just about to happen. And now we're hearing more and more voices saying that Israel should go in, but only after basically a pounding, the Gaza Strip pounding Hamas compounds as much as possible from the air, there was a sort of an understanding that Hamas was well aware that after such an attack, Israel would come in and therefore was well prepared for that and going in right now with full power would be sort of falling into a trap. So maybe it would be better, first to pound from the air and second, to have sort of a siege on Gaza, not so much on food and water, but especially on fuel. Why fuel? Because that is something that Hamas would need to keep its bunkers going and if fuel does not go in, therefore eventually there will not be enough electricity to run, to provide for example air conditioning or communications in the Hamas bunkers and then the leaders would have to eventually pop up and eventually be killed. There are many in Israel that now believe that this would be the right thing to do. First pound Gaza from the air, have a siege as much as you can and only then come in with a lot of ground forces but what will eventually happen, we simply do not know and have to wait. Jonathan meanwhile as we're talking about what is being withheld from the Gaza Strip we know that also more terrorists are still trying to infiltrate to Israel. Just yesterday we saw an incident near Zakeem Beach, the IDF also now striking back at some of the tunnels that the terrorists used to infiltrate into Israel. Yes, Hamas still has surprises for Israel if for example on Monday there were far fewer alarms and rocket alerts throughout Israel and there was perhaps a notion that they do not have the ability to fire as much as they did in the first few days. Then yesterday, Tuesday was completely different. There were several alarms in Central Israel and in Be'er Sheva and Hamas proved that it could still fire and it also proved that it could still, it still has a possibility to at least try and carry out some sophisticated infiltration attacks. This one specifically in Zakeem was thwarted, it's not clear exactly how many terrorists were killed but it is clear that there's quite a large number of them trying to infiltrate from the sea so this thing is far from over and Hamas despite all these really actions still has quite a lot of abilities. And meanwhile Jonathan I know we're keeping an eye on this out there but also another front, the West Bank continues to be very hot. We heard overnight also the IDF striking and killing three Palestinians in Geneva. That is true. Israel is using the fact that all the attention is now on Gaza to have quite a large operation against terror cells in the West Bank mostly Hamas. There's always before this war began a concern that an operation that would be too strong in the West Bank would lead to a response from Gaza. This concern is now obviously no longer there and Israel is acting strongly against Hamas in the West Bank. This is a clear opportunity to get rid of Hamas not only here in Gaza but in the West Bank as well. A very strong Israeli interest and this would also be a Palestinian interest. The Palestinian authority does not need a strong Hamas presence in the West Bank Israel and in the West Bank and Israel clearly doesn't need that either. Jonathan Ragev reporting from Israel's south to the Gaza border thank you so much. Now I want to come back to Guy Azrael who's joining me in studio as we were just speaking to Jonathan about the three fronts of this war really. I think it's important to remind our viewers about how hot the West Bank has been for months now. Nightly arrest operations, nightly raids really all eyes were on the West Bank yet now that seems to be kind of put to the background. A completely different reality from what we were used to for so many months now. We've been reporting here in studio about the influx of terror attacks across the West Bank and also some of them inside Israeli territory but emanating from the West Bank, mainly from the northern West Bank, the areas of Jeanneen and Nablus the IDF has been conducting nightly raids, nightly arrests to take these terror operatives during their operations. At the same time the now Gaza has transformed the entire attention obviously of the IDF and of the world media but the fact is that these terror operatives do continue to be active in the West Bank that is still a danger for Israel obviously with the fact that it is much much easier to infiltrate Israel from the West Bank from the West Bank as we at least thought that it is difficult to do so from Gaza, well that fence did not hold up but for now the makeup of the troops on the southern border is such that doesn't allow that free infiltration much easier in the West Bank and therefore it is very important for the IDF to be vigilant for the sheen bet and obviously they have much better intelligence there than they do in Gaza. And meanwhile I want to turn back to retired colonel Mary Eisen as we're talking about just the intelligence that we need in order to prevent these attacks the IDF really stretched onto all forces right now not only the northern border the southern border the West Bank and abroad all of this intelligence is crucial though in continuing to prevent these attacks continuing to the different terror cells that remain all throughout Israel and its borders. Have Nicole and that's something as I said before that the IDF certainly the intelligence community know how to stretch and know how to do obviously it's very challenging but let's be clear right now Hamas declared all out terror war on October 7th what they're trying to do right now is to get the West Bank Hamas supporters and terrorists to come on and out they are obviously hand in hand with Chisbala in the north and as we've said Chisbala is 10 times stronger and we haven't even mentioned in our discussion this morning Iran behind so when we're talking about yes no ground operation it isn't just trying to get to and destroy Hamas capabilities trying to get and rescue the hostages it is also about the broader sense none of us none of us Nicole want in anyway for Hamas to be portrayed as winners and right now they're continuing attacks of going against Zikim of trying to do things inside the West Bank that's them for their audience their base trying to show see we're in a war we're doing well they are not they started a terror war we are eliminating them they are hiding behind the civilians and they do have a lot of supporters and that's part of the challenge all of the time those supporters can surround them and when we target the terrorists we bring out leaflets two civilians in the Gaza Strip and saying don't stay around the terrorists because if you do we will see you as terrorists as well we're telling them that upfront so I really do think that in that sense it may or may not be ground operation today or next week but this issue of Hamas the connection to Hezbollah that greater connection in behind to Iran that's all part of the decision making process on when to do it and hovering around everything the hostage issue Mary you're talking just about this greater threat that we all know and it's Iran and all of Iranians backed proxies that they're using to fight in this war however as Iran and other outside threats continue to get involved it seems that other outside sources United States now reports that Australia sending troops to the Middle East as well all backing Israel and other factors I hate to even pose this but as Iran continues to get involved is it beneficial as Israel continues to receive this support from western allies right now what we're seeing is the response of the entire international community that is on this side that understands what we're talking about that this threat is not a threat against Israel this is not about the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and I say it with a heavy heart in that sense and I've said it so many times before the biggest losers of Hamas's terror attack are the Palestinian people when we look at the participation of the United States and at both the visits and the behind the scenes actions all for diplomacy certainly when it comes to the hostages but all of the world right now is worried because Hamas is called Muslims in the world that's 2 billion people this is not about Islam but that's what Hamas is trying to do and we have already been through horrific wars in a decade ago with the rise of ISIS Hamas is trying in that sense out of the Palestinian world and this is not the Palestinian world but they're trying to raise those voices again so this is not going to help Iran this is going to be very clear cut and it isn't a question of believing we have both the capabilities and capacities to destroy these terror forces it's not about the civilians the price will be high Mary Eisen thank you as we continue to keep our eye on all of the different proxies continuing to target Israel but also as you said the threat to all of the western countries now one of the items that is absolutely complicating this is the hostage situation I'm joined now by another guest Talia Lebanon the CEO of the Israeli coalition for trauma Talia thank you so much for joining us now as we talk about the hostage situation this is all part of the trauma that continues to build within Israeli society at least 220 families still without their loved ones this is incredibly difficult and as the weeks go on the trauma continues to build yes absolutely it is really only part a very difficult part of what the Israeli society is facing but there are other parts there is the part of the families that had to leave their home for 20 minutes those who lost family members I think what you are referring to in speaking about the hostages is the fact that for many families the uncertainty of what is happening is adding to a very deep feeling of loss and anxiety and really not knowing where this will take each and every one of them but unfortunately that uncertainty for everyone in Israel right now Talia Israel is built on trauma really as a country the Israeli population has this shared trauma throughout the country so by another incident like this I know the trauma continues to almost unite people in a sense I'm not sure trauma unites people I feel that we are all sharing a very deep sense of loss and grief of many many things the loss of people but the loss of basic assumptions such as the meaning of what home is not safe being a parent for many not safe anymore the government or people who will take care of me not safe anymore hope is something that people are trying to figure out where do we find it resilience these are things that we've been holding on to for many years and now many of them are broken we don't take them for you know as part of our lives and it's a very big process that everybody is going through whatever wherever they are on the circles of impact because now where so many people are drafted so this is a countrywide uncertainty too and so when somebody asked me whom are we sharing to when we speak about who needs aid and therapy or care I think nine million people in Israel need it because everybody is exposed in one way or the other for what is happening but of course the first and foremost are the people from the south who have been exposed to this I don't even find the words to this horror well and speaking of those families those communities in the south as you mentioned so many of them evacuated from their house after experiencing unspeakable atrocities how do we move past this how do we build off this how do those people return to their homes after such a scarring experience well first of all I don't I don't think we are still at the place where we are talking about moving past it these people are in grief for many reasons the chapter of the current war has not ended there are still seems to be more terrorists still in the borders of Israel there is a lot as I said and you said uncertainty about those who are kidnapped who is still alive and what will happen to them and also they just came out of this experience in their home so they are slowly I think I hope they are trying to stabilize themselves you need to imagine leaving your home with a plastic bag within 20 minutes now you are staying in a hotel room one hotel room with 3 kids because you want to make sure that there are enough hotel rooms for your neighbors this is going to take a while so when we are talking about where we are at the moment I feel as a mother and as a therapist and as the director of the Israel trauma coalition that we are slowly connecting to basic values exactly and so thank you so much for just all of your insight on this Talia Lebanon joining me from the CEO of the Israeli coalition for trauma certainly a lot to unpack we are going out for a break 1300 people murdered and more than 3000 injured and the war with Hamas continues we bring you first hand testimonies from the front lines from those who survived and all the records of the atrocities by Hamas follow us as all fights terror from the south and north get the inside scoop on what's going on only on i-24 news 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 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Today, we will address the magnitudes of surface compressional moduli and begin an introduction to a new topic on surface waves and ripples. Before we do that, like always we will quickly see the idea behind the surface compressional modulus. You would be able to recall from yesterday that the surface compressibility is defined in analogous fashion to the bulk fluid compressibility or a related expansion coefficient in the context of buoyancy driven convection or natural convection. So, the compressibility is expressed as minus 1 by a dou a by dou pi at constant temperature. Clearly, the units of compressibility would be inverse of the surface pressure. Areas would cancel out in terms of the dimensions living out reciprocal pi for reducing the dimensions or units of the surface compressibility. And clearly, if we have force area curves, we should be able to calculate from the slope this coefficient and then evaluate the compressibility. It is inverse of this compressibility which is more convenient in practice that would then have the same dimensions as of surface pressure. So, in the limited ideal case where pi is constant, C s would be calculated from here expressing A as this constant by pi. Then upon completing the differentiation here, we would be able to find C s as 1 by pi or C s inverse as pi. For a clean surface, because the surface tension is gamma 0, gamma and gamma 0 are identical, pi is 0, the surface compression modulus is equal to 0. And therefore, one may say that for these ideal monolayers, we expect minimum attribute of a property which may contribute to stability of films around bubbles. In general, the the compressional modulus we expect would also depend on the state of the film because the force area curves will be different for different states of films. Expanded or condensed films will have comparatively greater surface compressional modulus with reference to let us say the datum of gaseous monolayers. So, with this we should be able to figure out the values for the surface compressional modulus provided we could ignore the interactions among molecules adsorbed at an interface. And if we could work in the domain where the areas are large compared to limiting areas, permitting the use of the ideal equation of state ideal surface equation of state. But let us look at some magnitudes of the cohesion C S inverse for clean surface 0 ideal whatever value of pi for more complex molecules like a proteins where the area may be given in meter square per milligram. If that is of the order of 1, then the surface compressional modulus you would find is in the range of about 1 to 20. Compare this against the liquid expanded and liquid condensed films and you have C S inverse in the range 12.5 to 50 for liquid expanded films about 100 to 250 for liquid condensed films. And for solid condensed films the magnitudes can be as large as couple of thousands between 1000 and 2000. As I remarked earlier this is a measure of the rigidity of the film or compressional elasticity of film. And this property is important in determining the kinetic properties of monolayers which play important role in determining stability of foam or froth and in retardation of the toroidal circulation which occurs in falling drops. As we will see later the surface compressional modulus is also important in the area which is of generic significance that of waves and ripples. This is the topic that we would be getting introduced to today. So, let us start with a few simple observations. Let us talk about water waves. We have all seen the water waves and often this is a chosen example of waves in elementary courses. It turns out this could be the worst possible example in respect, no way like sound or light. There are all kinds of complications here. So, let us look into some of those. We begin with long water waves in deep waters. Now oceans could be regarded as deep. If there is a disturbance on the surface, that would generate waves. But have you looked at these waves closely? Maybe before I move on to the next slide, let me ask you a quick question. How many of you know swimming? Very few. How many of you have the experience of swimming in an ocean? Alright. Maybe we will have at least one to think about what is mentioned on the next slide. For the rest you can leave it to imagination. Let us say you have a life jacket or a simpler thing, a floating tire in which you can take the comfort of making no effort and staying afloat. They are bound to be some floating objects around you. What do you expect to observe from that reference frame? You are floating. There are other objects nearby and you can observe their movement. Think about it. The question is not completed. This is only the background. So, let me provide some more information. We expect to see all kinds of irregular motions, but among those we will see a pattern. The first character of waves which comes to your mind is the sinusoidal. That type of motion looks the most common. Water on the average is standing still, but the wave moves on. So, the question is, is the motion transverse or longitudinal? That is the question. Water at any given place you would see or expect would be alternatively troughs and hills, but could it be that water simply moves up and down? That is not possible. If water where to only move up and down will be violating something, conservation of volume of water. If water comes down somewhere, where will it go? And for all practical purposes in such systems, you can take water to be incompressible. And we are not talking about the speed of compression of waves. There is a velocity of sound, speed of sound. That is not something we are discussing. So, it must go somewhere else. If water comes down in a portion where currently there is a hill, it must go somewhere around. What happens is actually particles of water near the surface move approximately in little circles. That is what you would see in your frame of reference where you are floating on such water. You would see nearby objects going in circles. So, we return to the question, is the motion transverse or longitudinal? It is a combination. It is a mixture of two. That would add more to the confusion. So, really speaking, these kind of waves will be a bad example, especially in an elementary course on physics. The question is, what would be the velocity of such waves? That should be an interesting problem. Since we are not going to the fundamental theory of physics of waves, but rather take the view of engineers more to your comfort, one might wonder what are the factors or variables or parameters on which the velocity would depend. Think about it. You have these waves passing and you want to know what would be the relevance list when it comes to velocity. What would govern the velocity? And when you compile this relevance list, as you do in all dimensional analysis problems, you would think of the obvious ones, probable ones, even the improbable ones and then rationalize which ones must be retained. That will take some thinking. This is a simpler problem, but in other problems that may get trickier. But you expect now in the relevance list here, a few obvious variables and parameters and I have to tell you of some caution here, especially in compilation of the relevance list for a given problem. When you are trying to analyze the essential physics of the problem, you have to keep in mind one particular historical and most often repeated blunder and that is if you were to look at one single parameter which has very frequently appeared in dimensional analysis reported in literature, for all wrong reasons it is going to be any guess, time, any other acceleration due to gravity. Where it is important, you find often it is neglected and where it is not important it surfaces. We do not know the reasons why acceleration due to gravity has played this game with researchers, but market acceleration due to gravity wherever you come across in your probable list, relevance list, be careful. So, over here we are talking the velocity of the surface wave. So, what could influence this? One, very likely density of water. Secondly, the gravity is the restoring force. If there is a disturbance eventually the disturbance dies out and gravity plays a role there. So, acceleration due to gravity you suspect should be here and apart from that the wavelength, wavelength of this wave or ripple and perhaps the depth of liquid. Now, that is not hard to imagine. You expect the waves to be different in shallow waters maybe the water you can have in a Langmuir trough a few centimeters deep compared to the deep waters like in ocean. You expect that will influence the speed of waves. So, these are the 4 factors density of water, acceleration due to gravity, the wavelength lambda and the depth of the liquid. Now, we want to keep our keep our discussion as simple as possible in this initial stage. So, let us take recourse to one of the limiting circumstances. You know something about your variables. One of the simplest ways to take out a variable is to focus on systems which correspond to very large values. So, in this case this little you can do with density of water or acceleration due to gravity, wavelengths perhaps, but then you may be limited by the kind of waves or wavelengths you are dealing with. So, there is a possibility in our analysis we can think of the depth being the parameter variable which is very large. If it is so large like in deep oceans we could say it is practically infinity. And then once you attribute this infinite character to a variable it goes out of your problem. So, it now boils down to only these 3 density of water, acceleration due to gravity and wavelength. So, let us say the depth of liquid is taken out of consideration, infinitely large depth of liquid. Now, you can write down the dimensions of the quantities you have and see which combination will give you the dimensions of velocity, density of liquid, acceleration due to gravity and wavelength. Let us say there is this ocean. There is ocean. Now, something happens inside and the waves suddenly start. That is what happens. You are asking what causes the waves. Now, obviously there are I am going to come to that there are different ways in which waves could be generated. Here let us say we are looking at some surface disturbance. So, it could be a motor boat speeding past the shore. And so, that means about cavities and the storing force. That when wave moves upwards then gravity takes it down. That is a disturbance which is created in the surface. There is something which creates a ripple which moves on. The energy supplied by that surface disturbance that is why the waves are created. That is what is done. You have let us say a smooth water surface before a motor boat passes over it. So, when it passes over it, its weight will displace some amount of water and that displace water being incompressible has to push water beyond that. So, you have now locally a wave created and then the gravity pulls it down. In turn, this volume has to be distributed in surrounding areas. So, that is the way these waves will be created. Do not be afraid of coming up with conclusions which are your own. It is important. I just told you that depth is out of picture. I gave you three variables or parameters and I am asking you to synthesize a combination which will give you velocity or a quantity with dimensions of velocity. Some constant will do square root of g lambda. So, you are saying square root of g lambda and this means you have done something beyond that. You have taken a decision to leave out the density of liquid. Is that right? The density only has the value of mass in it. The density does not have it. In dimensional analysis and these three variables we cannot have density. Right. That is correct. There is no way we can have density in our picture here to yield a quantity with dimensions of velocity. What is the basically if we see it then the probability in that plane g that is actually saying due to gravity due to the mass that is. No. I think you have to go back to your JEDs. Incidentally acceleration due to gravity is independent of the mass. What is that? How your small close to 0 is the same gravity. Otherwise you come to the same historical conclusion. If you drop a table from top of a tower that historical question was how much time will it take and if I drop a feather how much time it should take. Apart from fluid dynamics it should take the same time. So, do not be afraid of leaving a parameter you suspect originally to be there but does not play a part. So it appears now at least in this picture when you are talking of gravity coming to picture as a dominating quantity we have to leave the density of liquid out. So that is the combination square root g lambda does not contain density. You might wonder if there would be circumstances wherein density might make a legitimate return in our relevance list. I would like you to push you to think about this. Do you think there could be any circumstances related to waves or ripples where density might reckon as an essential relevant parameter? That answer will come from what kind of waves we have, what created those waves and what are the characteristics of the waves. What I am trying to do is I am opening up a problem for you to think of any general situation wherein you may come to a later conclusion I am not saying what exactly that density of the liquid will come back into the velocity expression. Do you think there is a possibility? We just need to think of yes or no here. What you are saying is neither yes nor no it is a maybe situation like maybe perhaps probably the reason why we included the density of liquid in our relevance list at all in the first instance. We left it once we talked only of gravity. So I will come to this question just in a minute or two.  If we do the complete analysis of dynamics in this given problem then the phase velocity comes out to be exactly this g lambda by 2 pi under root. And now we are going on record here saying that this is for gravity waves. Clearly we are indicating here that there could be other or more general family of waves of which gravity waves are only a subset. Let us look into this little expression in some greater detail. You might be able to relate this to your on shore experience. You do not have to always be able to swim to experience the full beauty of an ocean. There is a lot on the shore. So if you have seen the waves crashing on to shore and recollect the sound these waves make upon crashing you probably will recall some pattern. You would see even around a moderate size lake if there is a motor boat which passes create waves you will have these sloshings at the shore which appear to be first slow and then very very quick. Quicker as time goes. Can you reconcile that with this expression for velocity? Sir this expression comes after infinite depth but since the depth is reducing. Let us say that for all practical purposes the water table is pretty steep. So I am reducing the set of conditions. If the water table is very steep it means that for most part the travel of the waves is dealt by infinite depth assumption. What happens is at the shore is only what you hear but focus on this expression for velocity and see whether you can relate it to this observation. First let me know whether everyone agrees this is true. I am sure you have all heard the waves crashing at the shore. Yes or no? You agree? Now how will you explain in terms of this velocity given in terms of g and lambda? Wave length increases at the shore. Rethink increases. See you are getting elements of that picture but not the right combination. Let me explain this unless you want to think for 20 seconds more. Frictional losses. Let it increase your velocity at this temperature and pressure it so that is why they say sound. Yes, one message I want to give you through these questions is you must try and learn to think directly. Keep things as simple as possible. Understand what is happening. You would hear only corresponding to the waves which are there. Do you agree with this? If there is no particular wave you want here of its existence there will be no crashing of that wave here. So, what is crashing at the shore is certainly a wave which is there. It cannot be that there is no wave and there is a crashing sound here. Second your empirical observation tells you that there is this different sounds which are coming first slowly at small large intervals then at shorter and shorter intervals. What it means is that we got a set of waves of different wavelengths to begin with. Somewhere they originate they originate with different wavelengths and if these waves are with different wavelengths according to this expression you can see that the larger wavelengths largest wavelength will correspond to largest velocity. So, that will be the quickest one to get to the shore that is the one view first here above it crashes then come the shorter and shorter. Once these long waves are gone relatively large wavelengths are gone then come the much smaller waves which obviously come late, but then they are coming in close proximity. So, you hear this increasing frequency that is the picture. So, indication is that this spectrum of sounds you are getting at different shorter and shorter intervals indicates that their waves of different wavelengths largest wavelengths are the ones which arrive first quickest the shortest wavelengths arrive late. Therefore, they come in close proximity well wavelengths may be less than a few centimeters. They will be between them and 0 the 0 wavelength never comes. So, those short wavelengths will come in a close proximity of each other is that clear. So, that is the explanation for these simple observations we have on the seashore wave. The question is does the density return and since we have been specifically addressing gravity waves over here it is indicating that they probably are some other wave wavelengths shorter wavelengths which might have other dominating force, but before I go into that let me quickly address the gravity waves from a slightly different angle. It was a few years ago that while I was going through these lectures on waves and ripples we had that mishap. The tsunami had hit the coast of Tamil Nadu claiming 100 supplies that was an example of a gravity wave and to connect with your question this was a wave not created by surface disturbance, but a disturbance from the sea floor ocean floor itself. The earthquake under the ocean created these large waves it is like thinking that the ocean is like a bowl of water and you tap the bottom that creates the surface waves, but the system is so big the waves you create are very long wavelengths. So, this is the reason why you have those unusual observations the tsunami waves are generally very long wavelengths they could be as long as 150 kilometers. So, the subject of destruction is the shore at the same time when so many lives were lost on shore the vessels floating in the deep waters had no damage they simply went up and down riding on these very long wavelengths it was the destructive crashing at the shore which caused all the disaster. So, some of the tsunamis are gravity waves as deeply touched by that particular instance and ever since I dispel the thoughts of eliminating the discussion on the surface waves and ripples in this course not that you can do much about the gravity waves you cannot prevent these earthquake generated tsunami waves, but perhaps they might be some solutions to elevate the problem will touch upon one of those a little later. We go back into history and take a little account of what were the observations from earliest days about the waves and ripples practices of fishermen people going on long expeditions and so on. So, we addressing this question about elimination of waves and ripples it were in the historical writings of Pliny who recorded the practice of seaman of his times who poured oil on turbulent sea around these vessels to calm down the sea. It looks at first thought ridiculous, but there is lot of wisdom in the experience of these old people here. It does help now of course you would not take recourse to such solutions because you already have disasters striking us on frequent basis with the oil spills. You would not like to pour out oil on sea those issues have been taken care of by advances in mechanical engineering or ship building, but the essential fact remains that pouring of oil can actually help reduce the effect of these stormy conditions and we must understand something about it. It was in 1762 that Benjamin Franklin was told by an old sea captain that Bermudas had this interesting practice. They would pour some oil on top of the sea to calm the waves because when they would dive to spear a fish under net they did not want to be distracted by the patterns of some light. As long as you have waves there will be patterns of light under net. They would not be able to aim accurately at the fish they are trying to capture, but they realize that if they pour some oil on top the job gets easier. So, there is a merit in this observation pouring oil on top of water under these conditions of surface disturbance can actually help eliminate the waves. The question is how? I think the same sea captain also told Benjamin Franklin that there is another practice in the water at a bar on the river. The water which is polluted produces surf and it was a common practice there to pour oil to eliminate this surf. So, Franklin repeated these observations through his experiments first to calm ripples on a small pond and later in 1773 at Devon Point water which is a moderate size lake in England. So, we will talk about this later, but presence of a surface layer or a thick layer of oil can help eliminate the surface waves. Question is how it possibly helped the early sea main survive those stormy conditions that still remains unanswered, but this brings me back to the first question I started out with gravity waves that is where the danger lies, but we admit there would be probably another class of waves which would also become important in some way and together they might actually make a compelling picture. So, we eliminate this, there are three phenomena related to the waves. First the formation, second once they have formed they are damping and lastly the tendency of large waves to break and these are all affected by monolayers on water. When you pour oil on top of water we have more than a monolayer, but the essential effect is same. It seems the presence of oil on surface of water eliminates waves which are of shorter wavelengths and therefore, the disturbance which is created on the surface of larger waves is eliminated, which means these larger waves will have a lesser tendency to break. Let me explain this here, think of can I have the visualizer, think of water surface on a large water body and you think of a large wave, are we likely to have such a wave in practice is the question. You just had to think a little in terms of whatever you might have observed of waves and you would immediately disagree that this would be the correct picture. We do not expect large waves to be so smooth, is not it. Actually the picture would be we have super impose on these waves smaller waves. This is likely to be a realistic situation. So, what is this adding to as far as the winds are concerned this is not a smooth surface rather it is a rough surface, which means whatever momentum is transferred from the wind to this large wave will be actually lot higher than what you expect for a smooth surface. So, that much energy is going from wind into this big crest. If you are putting so much energy this is liable to break. If it breaks it will release energy that is what is causing destruction. But if you have on top of water a layer of oil then what I have drawn earlier that is true. These now are eliminated. These are now smoothened. Once the surface is smoothened less of this energy goes in, less will come out if it breaks or it will not come out at all. This may not break unless it hits the shore. So, that is the picture the small waves are playing an integral part along with the large waves. So, we need to consider these small waves. Observations of this kind lead to some experiments conducted by Fraulein Pockels in 1891, which were conducted in a trough like Langmu trough and she used a monolayer to damp out these surface ripples. In the laboratory what you could do is at one end of the Langmu trough you could create the surface disturbance. The way Pockels did her experiments she inserted at one end a reed which was connected to a loud speaker coil that was actuated by an electronic oscillator. Once you do that you are able to create waves and then you can study the wavelengths and so on. We will look into details of this later. Let me answer that question. So, we complete this discussion today. The way shorter wavelengths come into picture is through this second term over here. First term is identical v square is g lambda by 2 pi that is the gravity part. The second part has surface tension it is 2 pi gamma by rho L lambda density of liquid rho L returns. Surface tension comes into picture. So, we look at some numbers for clean water surface. If the waves are so short as to have wavelength less than half a centimeter you would get velocity about 31.5 centimeters per second and which corresponds to frequency of v by lambda that is 31.5 by 0.5 of 63 seconds inverse. If the liquid is not very deep we may need a correction factor, but let us for the moment not worry about it. So, the two situations that you can have is the second term when it is negligible you have the gravity waves. Gravity is what controls the velocity of waves. If you have second term large and you could neglect the first term then you have surface tension controlling the velocity of waves that will happen for lambda value small. If lambda is small the first term will be small, second term will be large and if the second term is so much larger than the first that you need to only worry about that second term. You will have the velocity of the waves controlled by surface tension and as this customary we call phenomena controlled by surface tension as capillary phenomena. So, we will call v square equal to this second term as expression for capillary waves. So, that is what is indicated here capillary waves are waves which are very small wave lengths gravity waves are the large wave lengths. So, in these asymptotic cases the capillary waves will be given by 2 pi gamma by rho and lambda and generally we may say the waves to be capillary waves if the wave length is less than half a centimeter. What it means now in the context of monolayer is the last thing I want to talk about today. If I have a monolayer on top of water I would have reduced gamma surface tension drops. Therefore, correspondingly the velocity is less. So, what it means clean water will have higher velocities monolayer covered water will display lesser velocities. I would like you to keep that in mind and think about it before we meet next time after the exams. We need to think about how the monolayer is affecting the speed of the wave and the hint I will give is the surface compression modulus C S inverse. We will stop here for today.


Hello, and welcome back here to the channel. I'm you wherever we are staring at the back of a very Different USDA car here for today's spotlight. So make sure you guys follow me on all social media all that you found in Description box below So when I say different than other USDA cars, that is because we're just staring at TSC Tom speeds e36 Vert That's right. Vert How often do you see anybody driving a vert or a convertible car? It's definitely not something you see a lot of people build So it's definitely cool to see Tom speed bringing out a e36 convertible So definitely a big player in energy innovation sponsored energy innovations team team slide culture So it's definitely, you know mad props to that because you know energy innovations You know big sponsor of myself in the channel So we are gonna be taking a look at this car this car is nasty loud like the other 15 we had and The other different thing is this car is actually set up for a dog box style transmission So my I have my fan attack all switched up so we're gonna go full send here at Forest Park and Just have a little foam of this car before we head to Irwindale So cool definitely to see the energy innovations prism seats on there Team side culture helmet and of course energy on the back of the bucket So all the little details are definitely some cool things to see and our gene innovations Steering wheel and everything like that bring back the style So we're gonna go full send on this car here for today So like I said the car is set up for a dog box So we are rocking sequential up and down which is definitely a very fun transmission to run in a competition car So we're gonna see what we can do I feel like this car is gonna need probably some gloves on so we're gonna put our gloves on because Definitely don't want to burn my hand on the leather when that thing snaps not that it does not very necessary There's something I like to do So he did tell me to hit seven so He did tell me hit option a so I believe Yep, we got some aggressive under glows in this car So we're gonna rock the underglows because well, we all know I definitely like my underglows So I think this thing also has no lift shifting Yep with the dog's back transmission no need for clutch to upshift or downshift right nope Definitely an awesome transmission style same style I have in a lot of my com cars and the new com car that I'm building You guys will see more here very shortly So with all the support I'm kidding with these driver spotlights of the ZSDA drivers That's why we're here for more spotlights this week So we got a bunch more drivers a few more teams and things to spotlight So if you guys want to get you a car and things like that on the driver spotlight Make sure you guys message me on discord or Instagram and we can make that happen.  This car is very stable. I'm definitely enjoying how this car is ribbon We are at forest park running out of competition tracks to run these cars at So we're gonna be going to look for more competition tracks But I feel like this car is a style car and we need to be uh out throwing some style on a track Like forest park we are going for quick stuff So do like the subtleties on his car like the gopro on the roll bar and things of that nature But I'm definitely having a lot of fun with this car as we almost looped it a lot of fun with this car because You don't see too many verts So it's definitely cool to see him bring out an e36 vert in the competition So a big up to tom speed on that one Bang that in the fourth gear loving the transmission. Like I said, I have this style transmission in my come cars Ah, sorry tom We kind of just totally wrecked your car. Let's see if we can't Pull up our tires and see what kind of tires. Oh, yeah, we are almost dead on tires That did not take long to kill these tires on this track I think you can see the grip load is definitely A lot different.  Well, that's uh, that's a rip And we kind of just lost our lights. I believe too from smacking into the wall because We do have damage and everything on it. Our tires are almost gone in the rear Probably gonna blow up these uh Blow up these boys and then head to urwin dale to see how this car does on the bank But I feel like it's gonna do Quite well Nope stay in it All the clutch kicks this car is insane You can tell we're redlining and forth in the car starting to skate more because Our tires are in the red for wear These 160 tread wear top tires do not last very long. Yep. There is the sparks Starting to spark our tires. We used all kinds of grip This is roasting with fifth. I've destroyed this car. This car is insane It's a big thank you to toss me to let me get my hands on this E36 vert so we have no tires so we're gonna switch up to urwin dale where we have some fresh skins See what we can do So we are in urwin dale On the banks and we're gonna see what this car can do. We gotta not destroy our tires. So urwin dale's Reflection of the mom don't want to show you on the below. So that's unfortunate But hopefully somebody can update that or I can go in there maybe update the shadowing effect and things of that nature urwin dale No tuning set up out of the rip how we sense it. Let's go full send And use the no lift shift to our advantage Oh, let's come out of that Kind of fell off the bank towards the end probably should have went down on the third Yep So this car is insane We need to stay a little bit higher on the bank But overall the no lift shifting Oh does help. We almost killed the wall there The no lift shifting does help on run up You're not having to get off the gas and go into the clutch to change gears and things of that nature And a lot of the cars in fdr running that style transmission sequentials dog boxes things like that So we're gonna go run number two Trying to stay higher on the bank this time That's much higher on the bank Probably didn't need to handbrake as much but we're gonna rock third gear So once again big thank you to Tom speed for this Opportunities drive this grip this car is Insane fun right now, and I'm having a blast and definitely loving how this car is driving Believe he said this was the first car that he did pretty much all himself so G g sir this E 36 so we're on the bmw style, you know rocking the bmw Puma's down here on these pedals. So you guys know I do like and appreciate a european car or a bmw One more run for today's episode make sure you guys follow me on all social media. I'll try to find the description box below Okay, we are with a bail on that We almost wrecked the car. I didn't want to totally wreck his car I can't tuck him in this wall.  I'm having a lot of fun with them getting a lot of support from other drivers and stuff like that. Oh Oh, that hurt my wrist So as always, I think you guys should come back and watching hot people rabbit. I'll see you guys on the track


What is up you guys, welcome back to another one. If you're new to this channel, I'm Gopony. I do new car truck SUV reviews on YouTube. And today we're in the brand new 2022 Kia Telluride courtesy of younger cars in Hagerstown, Maryland. For more information on their inventory, please feel free to check out the link in the description box below. And so they got this one in fresh in on a trade. So that is why we are in it today. But a couple of nice changes for the 2022 model year. So of course I'll be going over those. Not only that, you do get America's best warranty as well, being five years, 60,000 mile bumper to bumper, 10 years, 100,000 miles then on the powertrain. And in my personal opinion, this is an extremely good looking SUV as well. And so ultimately in this video, we will be testing out and going over everything about this one from acceleration to braking, steering field, ride quality, sound system, exhaust clip, all that fun stuff. So having said all of that, what do you guys say? Let's just go ahead and jump right into it. And as always, let's start with pricing. So as you can imagine, there are a few different trim levels for the 2022 Telluride. First one being the LX starting at $33,390, S trim starting at $35,890, EX, which is the one we are in today, starting at $38,390, and lastly the SX starting at $43,290. By the way, that was all pricing for the front wheel drive configuration. If you wanted to add all wheel drive, simply add $2,000 to any of those prices. But regardless of trim level that you go with the power plant on the Telluride is going to be the same. Powering the beast is a 3.8 liter direct injected V6, putting out 291 horsepower at 6,000 RPM, 262 pound feet of torque, coming in at 5,200 RPM. Power sent to front wheels or all wheels through an eight speed automatic. Zero to 60 time is going to come in at approximately 7.1 seconds. With MPG numbers coming in at 20 in the city, 26 on the highway for the front wheel drive, 19 city, 24 then on the highway for the all wheel drive, taking regular unleaded fuel. So before we do any kind of fun acceleration here at our Telluride, I wanted to mention to you guys the drive modes. There is a drive mode knob located directly behind the shifter. This drive modes will include comfort, eco, sport and smart adjusting things like the shift points of throttle response and the steering sensitivity. And so now I haven't got all of that out of the way. What do you guys say? Let's go ahead and find a straightaway. Let's put the Telluride here to the test and let's see how quickly we can get our new 2022 Kia Telluride here up to speed. Here we go. Oh my gosh. I forgot to tell you guys, we're in a front wheel drive model. So it's a lot of power being set to the front wheels. That's why you might have heard a little bit of skidding there because with all wheel drive models that I've tested in the past, you don't get that. And the good thing is, again, with the front wheel drive model, you do get a little better MPG. So if you want a larger SUV with better MPGs, maybe that's one reason to go with the front wheel drive, but you do get a little bit of slippage there as you may have heard when you hit the gas with all the power that this thing has. So I did want to mention that, but having said that, no issues with merging onto the highway, definitely not going to have any issues there. But anyways, to go along with that acceleration, as always, braking is equally important.  As far as that six easier stopping distance goes, it's going to come in at an insanely impressive 118 feet. And that actually might have been the first thing I noticed when I hopped in. The Telluride previously in the past, when I ever really drive Kia or Hyundai, they're traditionally, they're going to have a softer braking feel, but that's not what I got here the second I hopped in the Telluride. This thing has a very firm bite to the brakes, which I love. It kind of feels more long lines of a sports sedan than an SUV, if I'm being honest. So I absolutely love the braking feel on this thing. It instantly brings you to a stop. And that's honestly something that you want when you have an SUV with three rows, because more than likely you're going to have kids in the back and if you have to come to a quick stop, you don't want something that's going to stop in upper 130s. You want something that's going to stop basically in 118 feet like the Telluride. So it's really a safety feature in itself in terms of the braking feel and how quickly this thing is going to come to a stop. So I'm a huge fan of the braking on the Telluride, but then touching on suspension and handling up front, you're going to get an independent McPherson Stratfront suspension in the back, independent multi-link rear suspension, front and rear stabilizer bars. As far as ride quality goes, it's honestly been perfectly fine. 100% soaking up Hagerstown's road imperfections quite nicely. And honestly, the roads here are pretty nice, if I'm being honest, but still, this thing is absorbing the road imperfections very nicely. So a very smooth ride in the Telluride without a doubt. As far as steering feel goes, it is a noticeable difference, honestly, dependent upon which drive mode that you put it in. So I'm still in sport right now. It's got a heavier feel to it, but let me go ahead and take it out. Let me put it in eco and you can definitely tell the difference. It instantly loosens up that steering feel. So quite a substantial difference. And really it's something for everybody that stuff. If you want to have your steering feel, you got it. If you want to lose your steering feel, you got that too. So I do like that. The touching on cabin noise, we are going 54 miles per hour right now. There isn't a whole lot of exterior wind noise coming into the cabin. There's a slight bit of road noise, but other than that, wind noise is pretty much subdued and that's due in part because there's an acoustic laminated front windshield that comes standard for all trim levels of the Telluride. Not only that, if you were to go with the EX your SX trims are going to get acoustic laminated front window glass as well. So even more added sereneness in the cabin here, we do have the EX again. So we do have that as well. So wind noise is definitely subdued. So I'm a huge fan of that. Touching on visibility, honestly, I can see perfectly fine out the back. And one of the best parts about that rear visibility is that the third row headrests tuck in. So if you don't have any passengers in that third row, like is quite often the case, if you just have two kids in the middle row, maybe. It is a good thing that they tuck down because it definitely increases visibility. And the third row headrest in some other manufacturers, I could tell you are quite beefy. So I absolutely love the setup that the Telluride has there. Not only that, reinstancing windshield wipers are going to be optional on the SX. And also optional on the SX will be a head up display, displaying your speed, speed limit and safety features up in your windshield. And you can actually change the color of that head up display as well. You could choose between like a lime green and orange and a white. So that is pretty cool as well. But anyways, that pretty much rounds out the performance segment of this review, you guys. So go ahead and take a look at the exterior of our brand new 2022 Kia Telluride. All right, you guys, here she is, the new 2022 Kia Telluride. And for anybody who is curious, the refreshed look or the slight redesign is coming for the 2023 model year. So my question to you all, put it in the comments. Do you buy this now or do you wait for the 2023 refreshed Telluride? But anyways, let's go ahead and start up front on the Telluride here. You do have that new 2022 specific Kia logo up front. Definitely still love the new Kia logo. I think it looks so darn good, so much better than the previous one at least. Telluride lettering found on the front portion of that hood.  However, if you were to go with the S trim level and up, we'll get that gloss black front grille with satin chrome surround. So that is currently, of course, we guys are looking at right now. There is also a nightfall edition. Do you want to mention that? And that essentially finishes everything in a gloss black. So if you wanted to go that route, just underneath, you actually do have a front skid plate coming standard for all trim levels as well to the side's projector beam halogen headlights coming with the LX, S and EX. And so, as I've been mentioning to you guys, we do have the EX trims here, probably wondering why you're currently looking at LED headlights. So do you want to mention LED projector headlights come standard with the SX? It is optional for the EX with a premium package. It's called, it goes for $1,695. There's a bunch of different things, including the LED headlights, 20 inch machine finished alloys. So I'll show you guys those in a second. Low profile roof rails, captain's chair seating. I'll get to be showing that to you guys later in this video as well. And a 50 50 split second row to go along with all of that. So quite a bit within that premium package, but automatic feature, of course, coming with the headlights as well, meaning when it starts to get dark at night those headlights are going to turn on automatically for you there. And if you wanted automatic high beams, they will come standard on the SX and then optional on the EX. And we do have that because they come with the LED headlights. But anyways, if you're looking for fog lights down below, they will be had with the SX trim level only. There is some satin chrome accents found on the lower corners, as well as that front lip. And by the way, front air curtains around those lower corners as well, helping direct air around the wheel entire combination. So that is very nice. For anybody who is curious what Telluride actually is or what it means, this vehicle was named after a famous ski town in Colorado. So don't want to mention that as well. But anyways, that pretty much rounds out the front end of the Telluride. So I'll go ahead and make our way to the side. So but now since we are around to the side of this one low profile roof rails coming with the S, EX and SX trim levels, silver roof rails coming with the S and the EX. And then you will find satin chrome roof rails for the SX trim. But then satin chrome windows surrounds will come standard satin chrome accents on the side skirts then as well. When it comes to the side mirrors, they are body colored power adjustable side mirrors. They will be heated with LED integrated turn signals. All of that coming standard for all trims, by the way. Then if you were to go with the EX or SX trims, you will get power folding sign mirrors. Then the SX is going to add an addition to that, a reverse tilt down feature then as well. So you don't run over any bicycles perhaps or anything like that. But then take a look down to the wheel setup, 18 inch alloys in silver coming with the LX trim, 18 inch machine finished alloys coming with the EX, 20 inch machine finished alloys coming with the S, 20 inch black finished alloys then coming with the SX with of course the EX trim level that we have today having those optional 20 inch wheels that come with the premium package. But pretty much rounds out the side profile now. Let's go ahead and make our way to the back. All right, so now since we are around to the back at the very top, you will find a body colored shark fin antenna. Just below that rear spoiler with an integrated brake light. Just below that rear window wiper. Of course you got the new Kia badging once again. Tell your ride lettering spelled out horizontally, you will find LED tail lights for the EX and SX trim levels if you wanted some added illumination at night there. You do have a single exhaust outlet down below for the LX and by the way the LX exhaust configuration is going to be tucked away. Wanted to mention that because that's not what you guys are currently looking at. Today we have a single exhaust outlet with dual satin chrome tips that comes with the S, EX and SX trim levels. So having said that, I do believe you guys know what we have to do next as always here is that exhaust clip. It's up now since we are around to the back of the Telluride when it comes to opening that rear tailgate it is a hands free power tailgate for the EX and SX trim levels. And the cool thing is about that power tailgate you can actually speed it up or you could leave it at normal. So there's two speeds essentially. The normal speed and the fast speed. If you put it on the fast speed, Kia says it's the fastest opening rear tailgate that is out there on the market right now. So if you're always in a hurry, Kia's got you covered. But anyways, there is a button on the key fob that's one way to open it up. There's a button on the tailgate itself. And a button by the driver's side left knee then as well. In addition to that, you can actually customize the height so if you're a taller or shorter individual you can customize the height of that real tailgate to help you out. So don't want to mention that as well. But anyways once opened up, the cargo capacity behind that third row comes in an even 21 cubic feet which is actually pretty impressive behind a third row. If that was not enough space those rear seats do fold down behind the second row then it comes in an even 46 cubic feet. By the way, there is a pull lever to fold down that third row. It's very easy to use. So it's very easy to fold down that third row. I'll say that then with all of this folded that is going to come in at a very impressive 87 cubic feet. So there's actually buttons then in the cargo area to fold down that second row. So that is one option if you wanted to go that route for comparison sake. Hyundai Palisade comes in 86.4 cubic feet. Honda Pilot comes in at 83.9 cubic feet and then the Ford Explorer comes in at 87.8 cubic feet. So it has more cargo space than the Palisade and the Pilot and just slightly less than the Explorer if you were doing some comparison shopping perhaps. We said then also wanted to mention in that cargo area you will find in floor storage there are some grocery bag hooks and there is a 12-volt power outlet as well. And by the way, the in-floor storage is pretty substantial. A lot more than most other SUVs that I test out. So decent amount there, so big fan. But anyways, let's go ahead and make our way to the rear legroom starting with a third row legroom that is going to come in at 31.4 inches. So for reference, I'm in even six feet tall. This is how much space I had in that third row. Actually decent. Actually it was able to fit and the second row seats are adjustable so you can move them forward a little bit. If you did have a taller individual in the third row so it's definitely doable, believe it or not. So big fan of that. Do want to also mention though the Telluride comes in either seven or eight passenger seating. The seven passenger seating meaning the captain's chairs are going to come with the S and SX trims and then optional on the EX because again the premium package is going to give us those captain's chairs that we have today. In that third row you're gonna find three seats either way so that's why I wanted to mention that a lot of three-row SUVs sometimes will put two seats in that third row. So I do like that it has three seats there. Also rear ventilation can be found on the ceiling of the Telluride so all three rows are gonna be able to stay comfortable there. Third row cup holders do come standard and USB charging ports actually come standard in the third row as well meaning both sides of the third row get a USB charging port to maybe for kids to charge up their tablets. So I was a huge fan of seeing that so well done Kia for that. And by the way if you were to get in on the side of the Telluride to get into the third row if you have captain's chairs of course you can just walk up the center but there is actually a button on the second row seats. You just press that and everything automatically goes forward so you're easily able to walk into that third row. So again, very smart decision there from Kia. That was very nice. And there's seat belt coat hangers as well to even make it even easier to kind of tuck those second row seat belts out of the way. So Kia thought of everything here. So big fan. But so then making our way to the second row legroom that's gonna come in at 42.4 inches. So for reference again, I even needed six feet tall. This is how much space I had in that second row. Second row seats by the way are reclining. There is a rear center armrest with cup holders if you go with the eight passenger configuration meaning there's three seats in the middle there. Also a 115 volt power outlet available, 12 volt power outlet. USB charging ports though are not located underneath of the ventilation there but rather on the side of the front seats. I actually am a big fan of this. Reason being is because when you have the setup where the USB charging ports are located underneath of that rear ventilation a lot of times if you have kids walking up into the third row they step on the USB charging ports and mess up the cables or they mess up the connections. So the fact that they're on the rear seats with a little coat hook and then a place to put your cell phone I think it's a brilliant design and Kia really thought that one out. So it's not gonna get hacked up or anything like that. So big fan of that. But rear window side shades coming with the EX and SX trims it's always nice if you're driving a newborn home from the hospital you have small kids or something like that and heated and ventilated rear seats are gonna be optional on the SX trim. So pretty much thought of everything for this rear passengers. But now let's go ahead and make our way to the front seats manually adjustable front seats come with the LX trim eight way power driver seat with power lumbar coming with the S trim level and up. However, if you go with the SX you will get a 10 way power adjustable driver seat with power lumbar syntax upholstery is gonna come with the LX and the S trims leather seating coming with the EX and SX trims heated front seats coming with the S trim level and up and then ventilated front seats coming with the EX and the SX trims as far seat comfort goes definitely extremely comfortable seating. The reason I say that is the power lumbar is done extremely well. It's a very nice adjustment that was really able to help me find my perfect driving position. The fact that we got ventilated front seats as well by the way it's located just by the driver's right knee or the passengers left knee. So it's a little bit different placement than most other vehicles but that's where they're gonna be located. The seating comfort was perfectly fine. So then taking a look at the steering wheel it is tilt and telescoping it is leather wrapped for all trim levels across the board and then heated is going to be optional on the EX and SX trims if you wanted to go that route. Then make your way to the startup. Let me start by showing you guys the key here you do have your key logo on the one side. Essentially all of your buttons are located on the side of the key with the exception of that remote start which is located above the key logo that's gonna come standard as well but lock unlock and that lock button by the way is the large button at the very top you can just simply press with your thumb but essentially it is all keyless entry with a push button start. So all I'm going to do here is simply put my front of the brake and press that silver engine start button located just by the driver's right knee. And so once started up tachometer is on your left speedometer is on your right. There is a small digital display front and center to control what is on that digital display there are steering wheel mounted controls found on the right side of the steering wheel giving you things like a digital speedometer there's trip A trip B your driving modes can be located up there how many miles you have left until you hit empty outside temperature. The list goes on but essentially to sum it up everything you can possibly want on the digital portion of the gauges at least but now make your way to overall interior quality power sunroof coming with the S trim level and the EX we do have that of course today LED map lights coming with the S trim level and up there is a premium headliner that's gonna be optional on the SX kind of feels like suede but it's just super soft I remember testing that maybe two years ago wireless phone charger coming with the EX and the SX trims home like controls coming with the SX trim level only dual zone climate control coming with the EX and SX wood green interior accents coming with those two trims as well that can be found just below the infotainment screen as well as just about the passenger side glove box and on the doors then as well overhead sunglasses holders gonna come with all trim levels across the board and if you were to go with the SX trim you will get stainless steel pedals and door sills as well but overall just in front of the shifter you do have a couple USB charging ports and 12 volt power outlet and a decent amount of storage there's a wireless phone charger is gonna be located there as well just to the right of the shifter you got a little bit of storage dual cup holders do you have a electromechanical parking brake behind the shifter as well and actually a decent amount of storage within the center armrest including a 12 volt power outlet in there as well and again the authentic wood trim definitely makes things look a little more upscale in the Telluride and quite honestly these buttons located just above the dual zoom climate control that is taken straight off of Genesis I could tell you that having reviewed just about every Genesis out there at this point so very nice interior quality if I'm being honest for the Telluride it's absolutely no complaints from me then taking a look at the infotainment screen this is probably the main change for the 2022 Telluride besides the logos I guess is the 10 and a quarter inch color touchscreen display is now newly standard for every single trim level across the board whereas before I think it was an eight inch screen came standard and then this was the upgraded version but now this is standard across the board so that's pretty cool Bluetooth and audio streaming coming standard as well Android Auto, Apple CarPlay factory navigation system actually comes standard across the board as well you do have quiet mode up there meaning it eliminates the rear speakers if the kids are sleeping in the back maybe and then limits the speakers to I believe it's a volume of seven in the front so you don't risk waking up the kids in the back so that's a pretty cool feature you have your ambient lighting adjustments up there as well there's a voice memo system if you wanted to record your voice and you didn't want to forget something perhaps you could play it back at a later date there's also sounds of nature which is one of my favorite features in all Hyundai's and Kia's out there you got lively forest comsea waves, rainy day, open air cafe warm fireplace and snowy village so having said that I'm gonna let you guys listen to that real quick and I'll be right back it's up in another thing I wanted to mention of course you can check out your radio information up there as well and so when it comes to the sound systems on the Telluride six speakers coming with the LXS and EX trims however for the SX you get a 10 speaker Harman Kardon sound system but it's not the one we have today but having said that I do like the little Telluride lettering found on the speaker covers here on the doors here but nonetheless we do have the six speaker sound systems so what do you guys say let's go ahead and turn on the radio see what we got playing today and let's test out the clarity of this one honestly it's not bad honestly that was more based than I expected I think that's what surprised me the most and I say it's not bad because six speakers traditionally doesn't sound all that great and especially in the size of the Telluride you wouldn't think it would be but it's actually not bad if I'm being honest that was a decent sound system for the Telluride so lastly I want to mention to you guys on the infotainment screen is when you do put the Telluride in reverse you will find a rear view camera coming standard across the board letting you know who or what is behind you which is always is going to lead us into safety and so to start the 2022 Kia Telluride is an IIHS top safety pick with the equipped LED headlights so you do have to go with the SX or the premium package for the EX to get that top safety pick rating front side side current airbags to come standard there is a driver's knee airbag up front as well in the back you're going to have latch aka lower anchors and tethers to children for the rear car seats rear child door locks tire pressure monitoring system but that's the boring stuff the fun stuff is there is a massive boost to the standard safety for 2022 that comes standard for all trim levels across the board yet another big change for 2022 all of these safety features will include forward collision warning forward collision avoidance assist blind spot monitoring system with rear cross traffic alert lane departure warning lane keep assist lane following assist navigation based smart cruise control highway driving assist driver attention warning system rear parking sensors and safe exit assist then as well in addition to that if you were to go with the SX trim that's going to add to that front parking sensors a surround view monitor any blind spot view monitor as well so overall when it comes to my final thoughts here of the 2022 telluride great standard safety that's a heck of a lot of standard safety features that come standard across the board great ride quality as well I think I said that on my previous review of the telluride I really am impressed with how smooth this thing rides good bit of space 87 cubic feet total is pretty darn impressive like I said that's more than the pilot I think it's more than the highlander I know it's slightly more than the palace seat so definitely a good bit of space great styling as well but I will say the 2023 styling it looks similar but I think that I like the redesign of the headlights for 2023 so again put in the comments whether you're waiting for 2023 or you're going to be getting a 2022 but either way it still looks good but digital gauges I think is the one thing that's missing in my personal opinion I think the digital gauges like that the that Hyundai puts them like all their vehicles would look awesome here and the telluride insists their brother sister companies or however you want to put it they can easily do that I just want to see him do it anyways let me know what you guys think of the new telluride in the comment section below that is about it for this one you guys thank you so much for watching 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