I'm going to talk about privatization. My motto is, if it moves, privatize it. If it doesn't move, privatize it. Since everything either moves or doesn't move, privatize everything, no government. What is the case for privatization? The case are two, ethical and economic. The ethical case for privatization is that it's compatible with the non-aggression principle. If things are private, then we can buy and sell, rent, lend, whatever. And there's no violation of rights. Whereas if it's done through the government, then there necessarily is a right of rights violation because the government is, per se, an invasive organization because it taxes us and it doesn't have our permission to do so. None of us have signed a contract with the government. Therefore, when it's not private, namely when it's in the public sphere, then there are problems of ethics because there's compulsion. Later, I'll get into the third possibility between government and private, and that's non-ownership. But I'll get into that when I do oceans. OK, so the ethical case, I think, is clear. The case for economics, the economic case for privatization will be wealthier if things are private than if they're not. The reason we have pretty good wristwatches and ties and shirts and shoes and cars and things like that is because if somebody doesn't do a good job, they can go broke and they have to exit and do something else. Whereas in the government, if they don't do a good job, like in the post office, they just keep on going and going. So that's one advantage. Another advantage is the advantage that Mises puts in that if you have, to the extent that you have government, you don't have a rational economic system of prices that reflect scarcity. HIAC tells us that information emanates from free prices. And if you don't have free prices, the information that prices give you is not indicative of scarcity or desires or anything like that. And the third one is incentives. If we have something done by government, we have less incentive to produce because you can't fail. Another one is we as consumers have more control over producers than we as citizens have control over our politicians. We get to vote for our politicians once every four years. We get to vote for a dollar vote for our suppliers of goods and services every time we buy or sell something. So it could be every second or every day or whatever. Another reason is that in the market, you don't have to have a package deal. In the market, you could buy a violin and a motorcycle and a sailboat. In the case of the government, it's a package deal. If there are two parties and you like policies, one, three, five and seven of one party and two, four, six and eight of the other, you got to pick one or the other. You just can't get one from column A and one from column B. You can't pick what you want. Whereas in the market, you can go and pick this. You can pick that. You can satisfy yourself. There's no package deal imposed upon you. Now there are package deals. I was in a Chinese restaurant the other night and sometimes they'll offer you a certain meal and you have to have this soup and that main course and this dessert or whatever. But in most cases, you can choose what you want. You can have one on column A and one on column B. Another reason is rational ignorance.  Whether he knows anything about it or not. Let's say you want to go buy a motorcycle. Well, you'll ask your friends. You'll go to good housekeeping, seal of approval. You'll consume reports, whatever. You'll become more knowledgeable about the motorcycle or the violin or whatever it is you're gonna buy. Whereas in voting, you don't have to study up on anything. You can just vote. So we're gonna get more sense in the market, more economic sense in the market than we are gonna get in the public sphere. And then there's the beauty. And I'm not kidding about this. I think the market is a beautiful thing. More beautiful than even Mozart. And I see nobody better than Mozart or Bach. More beautiful than a baby, smaller than the most beautiful woman in the universe. The market is a beautiful thing. The fact that potentially seven billion of us can cooperate without any central direction is just a glorious, gorgeous thing. Whereas central planning, yeah, not that beautiful. Okay, I favor privatization of everything. And there are choices as that I can make as to what should we privatize? And there are easy cases. Let's privatize the post office. I'm in favor of that. I think it's good. We should privatize the post office. We should privatize other government enterprises. I don't know. A steel mill, if in your country the steel mill is run by the government, we should privatize it. And those are sort of easy. The cases that I've picked are a little more difficult. And I'm going to try to run through three cases. The first one is to privatize the roads and the highways. And as it happens, I've written a book on this. So please, if I don't cover everything, go get the book. It's nice and heavy. You can bat people around with it. The second one is privatizing rivers, lakes, oceans, bodies of water, aquifers, and I have a book on that called Water Capitalism. The third one would be privatizing the space race. I have a book on that, but it's not published yet. So if anyone knows a publisher who's interested in this, let me know. I need a publisher while I'm doing commercial advertisements. Come study with me at Loyola University. I'm not the only one who's a free market person, but all four of my colleagues in the econ department are Austro-Libutarians. And we've got a few people teaching business ethics and in the law school. Yes, we have our commie pinkos too, but at least we've got people who oppose them. Whereas in most schools there are no professors of that ilk. Okay, one argument against privatizing anything is what about the poor? How will the poor afford something? And one answer I give is when I used to watch the Olympics in the 80s and in the 90s in the 70s under USSR, under USSR, whenever anyone would wear a gold medal, they would interview them. And typically the people who win gold medals are 22 year old people. And in the Soviet interviews, they'd always be a kid sitting in an apartment and has a little red car. And I was wondering why always? Whereas when they interview Americans, they're not always sitting in an apartment and they only always have a little red car. And I finally figured it out that in the Soviet Union, if you're trying to, the only way to get a little red car in an apartment is to win a gold medal in the Olympics, which indicates what's going on there.  So if you're really worried about the poor, free enterprise is the best policy, privatization is the best policy to cure poverty. Adam Smith wrote a book, he wasn't a pure perfect libertarian, but he was pretty good. And he said that the wealth of nations comes from free enterprise and private property. I'm involved in the Fraser Institute, calculation of economic freedom of the various countries. And you'll never guess what. The freer the country, the richer they are per capita. So if you're really worried about the poor, the answer is not to have central planning and the answer is to have free enterprise. Why did I get involved in roads? Well, there are several reasons. First of all, or one of the reasons is when you're trying to convert people to the free enterprise philosophy, the first thing, or among the first things they're gonna say is, well, if you don't have government, who's gonna build the roads? And they start thinking, well, without roads, it would be pretty rough to get around. And only the government can build roads. Well, that's not true. The first roads, the Turnpike roads were all private roads. Somebody would get up on his hind legs and make a dirt path from A to B and then would charge a little toll. And if you had a horse and a rider, it would be a certain price. If you had a wagon, it would be a little bit more. If you had a wagon with two horses, it would be a little bit more. If you even, they even charge prices based on the width of the wheel. If the wheel was very skinny, think Icegate, they would charge you more because you're gonna put ruts in the road. Whereas if the wheel was a little wider, they charge you less because you're flattening out the ruts. So there was a sophisticated, well, for the 18th century, and my research goes back to England in, I don't know, the 5th or the 6th century, something like that, they had private roads. So there's no requirement, no necessity that God said that roads have to be government. They can be private too. So one reason for this roads analysis is to answer the question of who will build the roads? And the answer is private enterprise. Another one is, do you know how many people die on the roads every year? It's something like 35,000 a year. Now just to put that in context, in 9-11, only, as thinking lousy, 3,000 people died. Now I shouldn't say that because the New York Times is gonna say, well, Block favors 3,000 people dying in 9-11, I don't. But it was only 3,000. In Katrina, only 1,900 people died. Every time a little girl gets stuck in a well, everybody worries and tries to rescue her out of that well. And here, 35,000 people a year die. Probably there's no one in this room that doesn't know someone who knows someone and you don't have to have six degrees of separation, just a degree or two, where somebody was killed.  So I'm thinking, they say that there's nothing as inevitable as death and taxes. Well, here we have fatalities on the highway. That's a horrible thing. We shouldn't have it. So my question was, well, could free enterprise do better? Now the obvious answer, the obvious objection to what I'm saying is, well, the reason people die on the roads, and then they give you long lists of things, speeding, vehicle malfunction, driving under the influence, texting, driver error. Sam Peltzman, a Chicago economist, which means semi-Demi quasi-free market, listed 25 different reasons like this for explaining the deaths. The NHSTA, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration listed 200 different causes of deaths, all of which are irrelevant. They're all proximate causes. They're not ultimate causes.   It was the bullet that did it. You would look at me as if I was a little weird. But it's true, the bullet was the proximate cause. I was just the ultimate cause. I had hardly anything to do with it. I just went like that with my finger, pulled the trigger, take another case. A restaurant goes broke. And we are called in as a business analyst and we're trying to figure out why did the restaurant went broke? And we start listing things, all proximate causes. We say, well, the cook didn't cook well, nobody cleaned the place, the service was lousy, location, location, location. They located on a cul-de-sac. And we start listing all sorts of explanations as to why the restaurant went broke. What did we do wrong? What we did wrong is we listed the proximate causes. Yes, those are the proximate causes. But what's the ultimate cause? The ultimate cause is the manager. The manager didn't hire a good cook. The manager didn't give someone a broom to sweep up the place. The manager didn't locate the place in the right area. It's the manager, manager, manager. So, who's the manager of the road? I'll give you a hint, it begins with a G. Government, government is the manager of the roads. So what I'm trying to say is that if we had private roads, perhaps we'd have more safety. Well, how could this be? Well, one way, it could be. Well, let's take speeding. Maybe it's not really speeding. Maybe it's the variance in speed. Maybe what we should really have is here's a three-lane highway. And instead of having a minimum of 40 miles an hour and a maximum of 70 miles an hour, and you know that if you do 70 on one of these highways, everyone will go right by you. So the actual speed is somewhere between 40 for slow pokes and maybe 75 or 78. The variance is gigantic. Maybe it would be better if in this lane, everyone had to do 50, and in this lane, everyone had to do 65, and in that lane, everyone had to do 80. Would this be better? I don't know. I'm not a road theoretician. I'm just an economist trying to apply the lessons that Murray Rothbard and Ludwig von Mises taught us all. And I'm trying to apply it to an area that they didn't apply it to. I don't know. But I do know this. That if on my road, I did this, and on your road, you did 55, 65, and 75, and your road did better than mine, I would learn from you. And maybe I'd switch to that. Do you see the point? See, in every other field of endeavor, different entrepreneurs can do different things. I can make a bicycle this way, you make a bicycle that way, and we see which one satisfies the customers most. Whereas in roads, you get one road of highway for everybody, and everybody's gotta follow it, and we can't do any experimentation. Now, there has to be a limit to experimentation.  Sweden switched from one to the other, and it took them a year of notification. So there's a limitation as to how different it can be. For example, if we said that this is five miles an hour and this is 200 miles an hour and this is 80 miles an hour, well, you know, common sense says that wouldn't work, that's silly. But within a certain range, we can sort of deal with these things. Another thing I would do if I own a road is if the minimum speed is 40 and the maximum is 70, and you get somebody doing 55 in the left lane and everybody has to go around them, right? You've seen that? Maybe it's lane switching, not speed. Again, this is sort of commonsensical-ish. I don't know that it's lane speeding because we don't have any empirical evidence and this is not a matter of praxeology. It's a matter of empirical experimentation and we have no empirical experimentation. Every road has to do the same thing. Well, on my road, if anyone did that and made everyone pass them, I would, you know, stamp down on that. And maybe I'd have different rules if you were drinking or drugging or whatever it was, you know, maybe take away your car or, who knows. The point is, as Uncle Mao said, let a thousand flowers bloom. Let many different road owners do different things and let's see.  So what you do is you speed up to about 300 miles an hour because you don't wanna sit behind these racing trucks racing at 62 miles an hour.  People wanna get by. So these are just some of the hints that I use to try to say that if we had a little privatization, we'd have a little experimentation that different people make steel this formula, make steel that formula, different people make rayon this way, rayon that way. Well, why can't we apply something that we take for granted in every other field? You're all sitting in chairs and desks. Well, there are many people that make those chairs and desks and they make them in slightly different ways, different colors, different this, different that, different comfort levels, and some of them make profits and others of them don't and we learn the best way to make a chair and a table. That's a very pedestrian area that nobody really thinks about, but we can apply it to a very important area. Okay, so that's the way that we could reduce deaths. And there are many, many other ways. For example, every time there's a death on my highway, I'm gonna put a cross or a Jewish star or one of those Arabic things, a big one. Right there, 30 feet high, 50 feet high, to indicate that this is a dangerous area. Will that work? I don't know, but I would try it on my road if I ever got to own a road and you people would try something different on your road and that way we would learn which way is better.   See who chickens out? From two to four in the morning, and I would sell tickets. And we would, what do you call it, prune the herd? Namely people that like to do that, let them do it.  I mean, that way we'd get rid of some of these maniacs. Another point, here I got into it with Larry White. I said that 40,000 deaths or 35,000 deaths. And then I estimated, well, how many deaths would there be on private roads? And it wouldn't be zero unless you have a speed limit of two miles an hour in which case there'd be deaths from people not being able to get to the hospital. So, and not being able to get food to each other and stuff like that. So there would be deaths and what I did is I extrapolated. I said, well, in sanitation removal we have private sanitation and public sanitation and they cost different per ton of garbage removed. And the private is $100 a ton and the public would be 300 ton. It's something like two, three, four, five times as much. So I said, let's make it four times as much. So if there were 40,000 deaths on the public highways I estimated there'd be 10,000 deaths privately. Just right off the top of my head, made up numbers just hypothetical. So Larry White then criticized me and he says, well, that means that the government is only responsible for 30,000 deaths a year, not 40 because there would have been 10 anyway. And my refutation of that is look, let's stipulate Hitler killed 6 million Jews. But he took four years to do it and some of the Jews were elderly and they would have died anyway. So let's say 100,000 of them would have died. So was Hitler responsible for killing 5.9 million or 6 million? 6 million, dag nabbit, he killed 6 million even though 100,000 might have died. So the government kills 40,000 even though under private enterprise there'd only be 10,000 by stipulation. Okay, now most of what this book is concerned is with objections, objections to the thesis. One objection to the thesis is, well, if you had private roads then here's a road and here are houses and there's the middle of the road and as you go by, by the way, I don't like to brag but Rembrandt has got nothing on me. You can see the beauty of these drawings here.  Well, that's crazy.  What we would do is say, okay, here's a street, Broadway or Elm Street or whatever and there are 100 people and now we give shares of stock to all 100 assuming that they have equal frontage and now the company, the Elm Street private company owns the whole road and it collects money and when I started writing this stuff in the 70s I was doing a lot of research in what do you call it, grocery journals and pharmacy journals and people were saying, well, why are you doing that? And the reason was the pharmacies and the groceries were the first one to use those little black bars, the code that's on most things now, barcodes. So what I was saying, you could put that on the underbody of a car and you'd get a bill at the end of the month or you'd put in some money and they would take it out. In other words, you wouldn't have to stop and put money in. They do a little bit of that, like the George Washington Bridge will only charge in one direction, not both directions, they'll charge double. Well, we can do better, that's the government. We can even do better, we can do it for streets as well. A third reason for this privatization is congestion. Now, I don't know, the congestion here, I was once here during Katrina's semester for the whole semester and they had football here and when they had football, there were seven million people living in Auburn, I'm exaggerating a little bit and the traffic goes really, really slow, very, very slowly. In the big cities, I'm in New Orleans, I've been in New York, I've been in a lot of big cities. The fastest way to get around is by bicycle or skates or something because cars that are capable of doing 70, 80 miles an hour safely are doing five miles an hour or something like that. So the third minor reason for privatizing is traffic congestion. So what I'm now getting into is a thing called peak load pricing, peak load pricing. And the way to indicate that is what we do is we look at, here is six in the morning and here is nine in the morning and here is noon and here is six p.m. and here is 10 p.m. And here is three a.m. And now we plot what the traffic looks like and there'll be peaks. For example, it'll be pretty low at six and then it'll get up to nine and then it'll get a little bit less during the day and then you'll have the evening rush hour and then down here at three a.m. it'll be very little. Well, peak load pricing, look, if you go to the ski resort in Denver they charge a lot more in the winter than in the summer. They do charge a little in the summer because people go and they look on those ski lifts and stuff but in the winter, people really go. So they charge more in the winter and if you charge more, the price falls. And if you charge very little, sorry, if you charge a lot at the peaks you flatten out the peaks, got it? And if you charge very little at the times when it's not being used, you reduce the oscillations. So the market has oscillations like this and after the, rather the, without pricing the oscillations are gigantic. With pricing, peak load pricing, they push down the oscillations, they make it flatter so we can use a given amount of roads more economically. Make sense? Well, under private enterprise, everyone does that. In Florida, they charge more in the winter. I used to work at the College of the Holy Cross in Massachusetts and the leaves turn in October, November, it's very beautiful so they charge more then than at other times. Guess what the government does? The government engages in anti-peak load pricing. Namely, they exacerbate the oscillations. How does that work? Well, if you buy a ticket to cross the bridge, a monthly ticket, it's cheaper per trip, right? Well, who's gonna be using the bridge or the tunnel every day to go to work? People during the rush hour, people not during the rush hour. Obviously during the rush hour. So you're giving them a cheaper price. So you're exacerbating the problem. And this problem is another cause of road fatalities, road rage. When you got a lot of people cooped up like rats in a sinking ship or something, they start fighting and killing each other. There are cases, actual cases of that. So what the government is doing is screwing up the works. And what do they do? They have HOVs, high accuracy vehicle lanes for three people. My daughter-in-law has twin boys of two and a half. Three people. She scoots around. Whereas somebody, Bill Gates, would have to sit in the middle of traffic. It's just crazy. On my road, I would do it by how much you're gonna pay me to get into that HOV lane. So that's another reason for privatization. Privacy. People say, well, if you charge people, then suppose I wanna go to my proctologist or my mistress, and I don't want anyone to know. We can't have that. So the answer is, look, we have credit cards now. We have, markets can give privacy in all sorts of ways. So we don't have to really worry about anything like that. They have our vase, as our friends the Germans would say. Okay, one more thing on the roads. The blockade. Here we are. Here's four roads. They're surrounding your house. And here's, where's my, I can't find it. I wanted to show you how colorful I am. Here it is. See how colorful I am. You own that house there.   Can't get out. Well, right now when you buy a house you get title insurance. What's title insurance? Title insurance means you get an insurance company to verify that the guy who's selling you the house is the real owner and somebody else doesn't show up later and say, hey, that's my house. Well, here you would get access insurance. You would, before you bought that house you would go to these road owners here and you'd say, hey, what's the deal? Will you let me out?  So you have to compete for houses and factories and stores and you'll offer people who build on your road a deal and you'll say, look, I'll never charge you more than I charge anyone else or I won't do this or, in other words, that's the way to solve that problem of the blockade. Another problem is the natural monopoly. People say, well, there's a natural monopoly. We wanna now build a road from, where are we? We're in Atlanta. I'll put us over here in Atlanta. And we wanna build a road to Dallas. How many people own land between Atlanta and Dallas? Half a million, 100,000, who knows? A lot of people. And this is called the problem of the holdout. Now my favorite holdout is Cartman from South Park. He's my hero when I grow up. I wanna be like Cartman. And what does Cartman always say?  So I wanna build a road from Atlanta to Dallas and guess what? Cartman's house is right there and Cartman says, you can't build a road on my house. So, what do we do? How do we solve this problem? Now the way the government solves it is with eminent domain. And I got into a debate with Richard Epstein, another Chicago law professor, and he was saying, well, you need eminent domain in order to have roads. Otherwise you'll have the holdout problem. And I was saying, well, there's more ways to skin a cat than this way, for example. You don't have to build it on A, you can build it on B, you can build it on C, you can build it on path D, path E. Namely, you don't have to build it through Cartman's farm. You can go around it. Or you could advertise that I'm building a road from Atlanta to Dallas. And the first of these five routes that gets everyone to agree, I'll build it that way. And if you build a road that way, you'll enhance the value of the farmland. You can also buy options. You know what an option is? An option means, I want Mr. Farmer Jones, I wanna buy your land at 10,000 an acre. But I'm not sure I wanna buy it, because whether I wanna buy it or not depends upon whether I can buy other people along that path. If I can, then I'll buy your land. If I can't, I won't. But I'll tell you what I'll do. Instead of giving you 10,000 an acre, I'll give you 100 an acre, such that in the next five years, I can exercise at any time I want that you have to sell me your land at the agreed upon price of 10,000 an acre. And I start buying options, which are very cheap, and I buy options here and there and there. And if I can get it all the way through, then I win. However, Cartman owns this land. Now what do we do? This is a problem. And what we do, when my son was 15, he came here 15, 16, and 17. And the two of us discussed nothing but this problem for about three years. I have a weird family. What do we do about this? And what we concocted is you build over or under Cartman's land. Because we don't believe the theory. What's the name of this? Ad Column, thanks. I need all the help I can get. The Ad Column theory. The Ad Column theory says that if you own a square mile on the surface of the earth, you own down into the center of the earth and up into the heavens. Got it? You own a square mile of land, then therefore think of an ice cream cone, you own down into the core of the earth and up into the heavens. Well, according to the Ad Column doctrine, you can't do that because if Cartman owns the green area, he owns down to the center of the earth and up into the heavens. Down into the center of the earth, I can't build a tunnel under him. Up into the heavens, I can't build a bridge over him so I'm stuck. But happily, we libertarians don't believe in the Ad Column doctrine. We happily, it was lucky for a while I was in trouble, but we remembered. Namely, we believe in homesteading as Adam Braided by John Locke and Murray Rothbard and Hans Hoppe and other libertarian theoreticians. So Cartman doesn't own down into the core of the earth. Then the next thing, we're putting this in Cartman, thinking in terms of Cartman, what could he do? Well, he knows we're gonna build a tunnel under him. What he'll do is he'll start putting sticks down there. Long, thin sticks. And now I have to show my football field. In football, here's the end zones, end zones, end zone. Where is it easier to move the ball this way? Right here or right here? At point A or at point B? Much easier to move the ball at point A because now you have the whole football field to throw a pass, whereas if you were at point B, you're 10 yards away from the goal line, they can have a goal line stand. It's really hard to get through. Got it? The point is, the easier it is to get through, the harder it is for Cartman. Now look, Cartman has to defend a goal line of, let's call this 15 miles. Got it? 15 miles from north to south. All I have to do is get a football. Now, how wide is my football? My football is, say, three lanes wide. Each lane is 10 feet, that's 60 feet. I want a little grass in between, another 40 feet. All I have to do is get 100 feet. He has to defend 15 miles. So who's gonna win that one? Namely, you know, Cartman can dig sticks down there or upward and we just go over him or under him. So we don't need eminent domain. We don't have to compromise with government. What happened is, after my son and I discussed this, I wrote it up and then I had the problem of, what do I do, thank him? It was really both of our ideas, batting it back and forth and I decided to make him a co-author. And he said, no, you can't do that. No one will believe it. That he was a 16-year-old kid. I said, but is it true? He said, well, of course it's true. So I believe in bending over backwards to give credit to possible co-authors. And the reason that this article went into the book, it's one of the articles in the book, the reason it has a lot of legs is because Gordon Tullock, a very famous economist who almost won the Nobel Prize, who probably deserved it as much as Jim Buchanan, he criticized this article and I wrote a response to him. He said, no, this doesn't work. So that's sort of a famous article. Okay, now let me talk a little bit about water capitalism or privatizing oceans, rivers, lakes. I wanted to put mud puddles too in the title, but somehow the publisher didn't want mud puddles. What do they know? So what's going on here? Why should we privatize oceans? Well, one reason why it's hard to see how we can is because everything's connected to everything. The river runs into the ocean, the evaporation goes from the ocean into the cloud and then goes from the cloud into the mountains and there's sort of a circulating thing and where do you break this chain so that you can have privatization? Who can own the Mississippi River or who can own the Gulf of Mexico or anything like that? Well, my motto here is land is fast-moving water. No, water is fast-moving land. Land is slow-moving water. Namely, there's a continuum. It's not just that land sits there and water moves. Land moves too, mudslides. Water sits still, ice, right? So there's a continuum. It's not that, yes, okay, we can have private property on land, but water, come on, give me a break. We can't. So I'm saying that the two are not that disconnected. I have here, I don't know if you can see this. It's part of my notes. In the USSR, the land under private ownership was 3%. The land under public ownership was 97% and the crops on the private 3% was 25% and on the collective farms, it was 75%, a gigantic difference. And we have something similar to that on the oceans. Namely, the land is about 25% of the earth's surface. The water is about 75% of the earth's surface, yes? Everyone with me? And on the land, 99% of the GDP is created. And on the water, just fishing and transportation, 1%. These are estimates. It's hard to get good data on this. So you got a gigantic divergence between land and crops on the Soviet and even more so on the water. Now it's a little unfair because there are a lot of more people on the land than on the water, but all is fair in love war and privatization. So I'm pushing that even though it's a little unfair. What the heck? Millions of years ago or maybe hundreds of thousands of years ago, I'm not sure of the timing. We didn't farm, we just hunted, right? We picked berries, we hunted for berries. We picked whatever and we hunted animals. Where are we with regards to the ocean? We're back in the hunting and gathering stage with the exception of fish farms. There was this wonderful bet between Paul Ehrlich and Julian Simon. Julian Simon was our boy. Paul Ehrlich was the bad guy, the left-wing environmentalist. They had a bet as to whether we're running out of resources or not. And the bet was if the price rose, relative price rose, we are running out and not, if it fell, we're not. And Julian Simon won the bet. And then Paul Ehrlich said, I'll make you another bet. Fish, price of fish is gonna rise. And then Simon said, well, let's count not just ocean fish but farm fish too. And guess what Paul Ehrlich said? Forget about the bet. Because we can be up to our armpits and fish from fish farms. We don't have to worry about that because that's private. But oceans, we're running out of resources. We have the tragedy of the commons. Now the best way I like to illustrate the tragedy of the commons with the buffalo and the cow. The cow never came with a million miles of extinction.  Because he's not becoming extinct. And here's a buffalo and the buffalo is gonna be unhappy because he has, he's going extinct. But they're the same animal. Well, I mean, a biologist is gonna tear his hair out when an economist says they're the same animal. Different genus, different species, who knows. But for me, they're the same animal. They're big and smelly and fat. And if you run into one, you're in trouble, you know. They're the same animal. Well, look an elephant is just a cow with a funny looking nose, right? I mean, this is a blocky in biology here. Don't tell your biology teacher I said this. But it's the same thing with fish and whales. My favorite story on this is the Star Trek one where our boys in the 22nd century were getting the crap kicked out of them by the boys in the 25th century who were much more powerful. Remember that movie? I'm not making this up. And the 26th century guys were bombing the 22nd century guys and they finally found out why there were no whales. So the guys in the 22nd century, Spock and those guys had to come back to our century San Francisco and they captured a whale and brought it back to the 22nd century. So the guys in the 26th century left them alone. I'm not making this up, really. It sounds a little weird, but it's true. Well, why are we running out of whales? Because of the tragedy of the commons. The whale is just a cow with fins or something like that. We don't have private ownership. We don't have private ownership of whales. Well, people, well, the objection is, well, the whales have to go here and there. Look, we don't want fish freedom. We want human freedom.  Look, we have electronic fences. You know, the way they first started before they had barbed wire, they branded cows. Well, we now have the ability to stick in an electronic homing device into a whale and say that that's my whale. Would there be poaching? Yeah, there's always poaching. There was cow poaching and there'll be whale poaching. But still, we're moving a little bit toward private ownership, a little bit away from hunting and gathering toward farming. Much better would be, I own this part of the ocean and I'm setting up electronic fences. Look, we can do that with elephants. We can have thick or electronic fences for elephants. We can do it for whales.  I've got a whole chapter on the salmon that's... Well, you know, it's an objection. So, you know, you gotta smack those objectors. There's this woman, what's her name? Eleanor Ostrom, who is pure evil. She won the Nobel Prize. The first woman to win a Nobel Prize in economics and she had a PhD in political science, I think. And what she said is that the tragedy of commons is nonsense. There's this buddy of mine, a fellow student of Murray Rockboard called Bob Smith, R.J. Smith, and she cited him and said, well, the tragedy of commons is no good. It's a fallacious doctrine. And then she had all sorts of examples of fish in Korea and I don't know, meadow in Switzerland. And she said, there was no problem with the tragedy of the commons. And I have two articles, one co-authored with a young man on this and she confused non-ownership with a partnership. Look, take this meadow somewhere in Switzerland and you have 10 guys and they all have their cows and everything is fine. Suppose I brought my cows there. They're not gonna let me in. So it's not a commons. A commons means anyone can come in. It was rather a partnership of these 10 people. Look, there are law companies, law practices that have 500 partners. If I go into their library and start taking out books, they're gonna say, what are you doing? What are you, crazy? So it's a partnership, it's not a commons. Just because 500 lawyers can get to that library doesn't mean I can. Katrina killed 1,900 people. Katrina missed New Orleans by 40 miles. It was the Army Corps of Engineers that had a levy fall. And guess what? You'll never guess. The Army Corps of Engineers is still in business. Imagine any company, any private company that due to its efforts 1,900 people died. It would be gone. It's still in business. Now, we as human beings can be unhappy that 1,900 people died. But as economists, what really sticks in our craw is they're still in business. Whereas if the Mississippi River were owned by the Mississippi River Corporation and killed 1,900 people, new management would take over. We'd have a better Mississippi River. The last one is the space race. Why should we privatize a space race? Why should we have a space race? During the Cold War, things were pretty good. We could talk to the Russians without being accused of being whatever, traders. Now, you can't even talk to the Russians.  We're gonna have a thermonuclear exchange. Wouldn't it be great to have some people of the human race on Mars or on the moon? So at least some of us would survive.  That's a confession but I like human beings. Some of my best friends are human beings. Not all of them but some of them. So we wanna have a rational space race. Now, thank goodness for Elon Musk who was able to have the rocket re-entry. In other words, the way rockets go up is two or three stages and the lower stages just lost and he found a way to keep those stages and reuse them. On the other hand, he gets a lot of subsidies from government. So is he a good guy or a bad guy? It's unclear. Well, it's a complicated thing because one of my articles, I favored Ron Paul taking subsidies from government because better, he have the money than thieves. The government and I favor using public streets and using the US currency and voting and stuff like that. So the question is, is Elon Musk a good guy or a bad guy? So in this book, what we did is we analyzed all of his speeches to see if he was a Ragnar Danish Coal kind of guy or a Ron Paul and we decided that he wasn't. So he shouldn't be taking government subsidies. But that's a very, very brief thing. Sorry, not this book. This is the Oceans book, the book that I haven't published yet. I'm out of time, so thanks for your attention.


In this video, I'm going to share seven lucrative side hustles that you can start in 2021, even if you are still working in a day job. What's going on? My name is Sean Anthony. If you are here for the first time, I share content on this channel around helping creators generate a full-time internet income. In this video, I'm going to share seven side hustles that you can start this year with 100k or more earning potential. And you could still be working in a day job and start these side hustles in your free time when you get home from work or whatever extra hours you have every day. So let's jump right into this. At number one is start a YouTube channel. There are YouTube channels about literally everything. And the trick and key to this in 2021, if you want to start a YouTube channel, is to find the intersection between your skills, your knowledge, your expertise, and what the audience, what people want to know about as well. Okay. So don't just go and just create something you're passionate about. If no one wants to see the same thing, you're not going to get any of you. So make sure there is an overlap between your skills, your knowledge, your expertise, or something that you want to learn more about and document your journey. Make sure that there is an overlap with an audience who wants to learn more about that and see content around that. If you found the intersection, then you can start creating your YouTube channel right there around that topic. Now there's two people who came to mind around starting this part-time and growing it to massive, massive numbers. But first is a channel called Dad How Do I? And all this channel is, it's a guy, he started just shooting videos on his iPhone in 2020. And his story is he grew up without a dad and he wanted to create content helping other young men who maybe didn't have a dad teaching them useful skills around the house. So he has a recent video, I don't know if this is a house skill, but how to make biscuits. So he's teaching these skills to young men. I don't know if that's a good skill to teach a young man, but he's just teaching people these skills and it's very basic videos. So you wouldn't think that this is a channel that will go viral, but he has 3.16 million subscribers in less than a year. And that is mind blowing. Okay. So the second person is a guy named Ali Abdul. And his story is he was going through doctorate school to become a doctor. He, I think he still works as a doctor right now as his day job. And throughout medical school, he was posting YouTube videos about productivity, about life as a medical student and life going through school. And he was just shooting videos about that and documenting his journey. And now he has over 1.5 million subscribers. And I know he posted an income report. He made over a million dollars from his YouTube channel, selling courses and providing content and getting sponsorship deals and doing reviews and affiliate marketing and a few of the other things that we'll talk about on this list. But it all started with him just shooting videos while he was still going to medical school and coming home and creating these videos and editing them. And now he has a million dollar plus business just from shooting videos. And again, I think he still works as a doctor during his day time, doing his day job. So crazy, crazy stuff. And the thing I like about YouTube the most is that you can document your journey. So even if you're not like a total expert on something yet, you can document your journey of learning and people love to see that. So I would consider what Ali Abdul did. He was documenting his journey and just learning along the way and showing people his work and showing people what he was doing as he took each step. And people love to see that. So that's number one, start a YouTube channel. Now, number two on this list of lucrative side hustles for 2021 is freelancing. So I recently read this report that by 2027, the year 2027, more than 50% of the entire workforce will be freelancers. So that is, that's huge. And after 2020 where more people are working online, more people are looking for remote work and looking for remote workers, this is going to be even bigger. This industry of freelancing is going to get bigger and bigger and bigger. Now, what is freelancing? If you don't know, all you're really doing is learning a skill. You're finding clients who need that skill and you're offering your skill set as a service to those clients and getting paid for that skill. Now, the best thing about freelancing is you can work remotely, you can choose your own hours, you can choose how many clients you want to work with, right? If you want to make more money, you can charge more or take on more clients based on your skill level. And as far as learning the skills, you can learn any skill that you want, basically for free or for very cheap these days. So if you go on my YouTube channel, if you want to learn, for example, email copyrighting or how to write emails that sell, you can learn a lot of that for free on my YouTube channel, everything from the skill itself to how to get clients. I talk about that on my YouTube channel. Let's say you want to learn about video editing. So I just set up this new studio here and I got this new camera. I was learning how to do video editing. I hired a new editor, but in order to learn that, I just, I went on YouTube and I learned those skills basically for free. Now let's say you want to speed things up. You want a more packaged product where you can learn step by step. You might go to a platform like Udemy or Skillshare where you might buy a low ticket product from someone like me. I have something called the super fast sales email challenge that teaches you how to write an email that sells for $29. You can get products pretty cheap and learn these skills pretty cheap and then offer it to clients for thousands of dollars a month. Sometimes basically anything that you want online, either for free or a very low price, right? There's not really any excuse to not learn something that you really want to know about and you can offer that skillset to clients who are looking for that. This Wednesday, I'm actually going to talk about how to get freelance clients, how to start a freelance business and actually how to find job boards or people are hiring for certain skills. So if you're interested in that, make sure you watch the video on Wednesday. I'll talk about exactly how to do that. Now the other great thing about freelancing is you get to document your journey, right? So you're helping clients, you're helping them get results with your skillset. You're getting paid to learn and you're getting paid to improve your skillset and you can share this on platforms like Twitter or Quora or Facebook and you can start a group or community around the skill that you're learning and around this freelance business that you're creating and eventually move into selling your own digital products, selling your own courses or educational products. So that is number two, freelancing. Okay, so number three on this list is affiliate marketing. Now if you don't know what affiliate marketing is, it's basically making money from recommending other people's products and services.  Let's just say like for example, this camera or maybe if you're in the fitness space, you have supplements that you take, food that you eat, equipment that you use, software that you use. You can recommend these products and services that you already use to your audience and get paid commission off of that. So a lot of these big influencers with hundreds of thousands of subscribers, this is how they monetize, right? They recommend products and services to their audience for their favorite brands and they get paid a commission for that. So affiliate marketing, I don't think it's the best side hustle if you don't have an audience, if you're not creating content. I think it's great if you are building that audience and you are creating content so that people want to know what you're using, right? What kind of products that you're using, what kind of equipment you're using or software and you can create tutorials around that, reviews. You can create different comparison videos and recommend your favorites out of those. So affiliate marketing number three. Number four on this list of side hustles that are lucrative in 2021 is teaching and online education. So the online education industry, I don't have to tell you multi-billion, multi-multi-billion dollar industry. And after 2020, there are more people learning at home than ever before, getting homeschooled, getting virtual schooled, there are coding boot camps popping up that teach people how to learn software development and how to create apps. There are business boot camps. There are people who are teaching and educating people through their YouTube channel and creating courses around that. I think you don't have to be the top, top expert in your field to teach someone and help someone through online education, right? As long as you can help someone get a meaningful result in their life or their business, I think that you can create some kind of online educational product where you're teaching someone and helping them improve their life through your specialized knowledge, expertise or skill set. Now there's so many interesting models popping up. Like this year, I saw something called the cohort based courses where there's a start and end date. It's kind of like a college course. There's a start and end date and there's a small group of people who are working towards the same goal together in this small group. I'm a part of two different cohort based courses right now. And I love the model. I'm going to create my own in the next one or two months from now. And I love the way that this works because it helps people to take action and implement together as a group and helps everyone stay accountable and moving forward and building momentum together. Cohort based courses, interesting model that I found out about this year. And I think we're only going to see an explosion in online education in the next three to five years because more and more people are moving online and moving to online education versus just traditional college and going in person to schooling that way. Number five is just being a content creator. So there's so many platforms out there now, right? So this year alone, Clubhouse has exploded. There's TikTok, there's Snapchat, there's Instagram, there's Twitter, there's YouTube, there's Facebook groups. There's so many different platforms where you can just pick one and become a content creator where you're just creating content about a certain topic in a certain industry or niche and just sharing value and sharing your journey in that specific area. And there's so many ways you can monetize from there. So you can layer being a content creator with affiliate marketing, with teaching in online courses, with freelancing even, right? Finding clients through sharing content of people who want to hire you for your skill set. So being a content creator, I think everyone should be a content creator nowadays because everyone has something to share and it also forces you to learn more and more things every day because you need to learn more in order to create more content. Being a content creator, I think the way that you do it is you pick a platform, you pick what you want to write about or speak about or shoot videos about and just be consistent with publishing valuable content and every day you should be learning new things as well so that you can teach new things through your content as well. So that's number five, being a content creator. So number six is paid email newsletter. And really all this is is if you have specialized knowledge or expertise in a certain area, you're charging people for access to your premium insights through your email newsletter. So let's just say that you are in personal finance and you are very knowledgeable about investing with Robinhood and stocks. You could have an email newsletter where people pay you $10 a month to see your best stock picks on Robinhood. You can build a big business off of just this email newsletter. So in the last year, there's a company called Substack that really popularized this email newsletter model, this paid email newsletter model and they blew up in the last year or so. And all they do is they make it easy for you to create a paid email newsletter where people can pay you on a monthly or annual recurring basis for your premium insights through email. And I think that email is going through this, it's funny because emails, everyone always says it's dead, it's going down, but now it's going through this revival period and a ton of creators, people who create content and products on the internet are now going to this paid email newsletter model. So if you have something valuable to share or if you have expertise in a certain area or something you're passionate about, a paid email newsletter is a great lean way to start, especially if you like to write. If you like to write emails or if you like to write period, a paid email newsletter is a great way to do that and get paid and to monetize your expertise and monetize your audience. Now, number seven on this list, the final side hustle on this list of seven lucrative side hustles for 2021 is to start a membership. So it could be as simple as opening up a Facebook group and just charging people for access to that community. And I recently saw this, this Facebook group, it had over 10,000 people in the group and I know it was a premium group. I think it was $5 a month or so. And there was around succulent plants, okay? Plants. So people were paying $5 a month to be in this group. There's over 10,000 people in it. That's a $50,000 per month plus income, all from a group about plants. So as long as there is passion around a certain topic, if there is an audience around it, you can create a membership around that and charge on a monthly basis for someone to be a part of that. So it could be as simple as a Facebook group or you could have a course area to write kajabi or teachable or thinkific, where you put some video lessons into a course area and then charge people to be a part of a community in a Facebook group or a Slack channel. So memberships are great. I started one last year, although I'm tweaking it a bit this year. And it's great because it gives you that recurring income. So every single month, you are getting paid from your members and people come and go. But that recurring income is it's very comforting knowing that you have money coming in every month and knowing that you have a group of people who share your interests in a certain community or certain topic. So if you enjoyed that list and you got value out of those top seven lucrative side hustles for 2021, give me a like and do me a favor, go in the comments. Let me know out of these seven side hustles. Which one are you going to be focusing on? Which one interested you most? And which one do you think that you could do well in in 2021? Let me know in the comments. In the next video this Wednesday, I'm going to talk more about freelancing and how to get started as a freelance writer. If that's something that you, a side hustle that you want to get started with or you want to start freelancing online, I'll be talking about how to get started with that step by step, even if you're a beginner and how to get clients and all that this Wednesday on this next writing Wednesday's episode. So if that's interesting to you, make sure you stay tuned. Look out for that video. I will see you in the next one. Take care.


Trying to go natural Hi, everyone. Welcome back to my channel. I'm back with another demo and review for you guys today I'm excited because new products new line your brand everything go just Lee kinky coming to you right now So of course, I'm just trying some of the lines. I did buy more.  It's kind of nice and full she sent the type send I guess you guys know that the ingredients in this line is kind of similar to the she sent it stuff So, you know, what you guys call a she sent to do for gas, but don't mind if I do bring them on So it's very thick, but the texture feels like if it'll kind of drink easily so it's thick But it's kind of smooth kind of conditioning feeling as opposed to buttery feeling. So No problem with the spread of spreading me Well, it feels great already like just kind of softened and moisturized so That can be looking for a tip after let it sit for a while We can try to get my crown and edges Slip like a dream as you can see. This is like freshly shampoo here I like where the slip is so good that freshly shampoo here still feels like butter That's what I need my conditioner to do at least prefer it to do just gonna sectional smooth and try to get it Everywhere I'm almost getting emotional because I haven't tried like such a No constructive criticism. No, this could have been better like just the perfect instant Wow the conditioner now in a long time. I know but so maybe and no waiting for it to penetrate Yeah, so I definitely love it. Definitely recommend it. Definitely will be purchasing it. Yes You can believe and I love it just as much as the pomegranate and pear she sent in line Pomegranate I gave I guess is even better for me than pear because my hair loves I gave as well as pomegranate I love pear, but I mean come on. I gave honey like those are like even stronger humectants, so My hair just drinking it up was dry not trying no more. Thank you. Go to see Kinkley two thumbs up. Yes. Yes, yes Yes, yes, yes, I'm leaving the city Dream dream dream Anyway, and then come back and show you the result and get to the rest of the watch day I'm excited. I hope that everything else keeps these good vibes going I expect to like leave in thing to be great the gel I don't know and these kind of gels are sometimes it's a miss, but let's hope the good news keeps coming Tuning stay tuned and we'll see what we get This is how much I use not even bad like not even as much as half and I just gave it a really good shampoo So you don't need a lot a little goes along me and the moisture is there Supermoisturizing great slip great scent your texture like I said, this is everything so it's thick But it's not buttery feeling it's more conditionary feeling like smoothing You know the difference like butter just feels like thick and nothing's happening But conditioning kind of conditions your skin like I can tell the difference when I touch them And this feels more conditioning than buttery so the pomegranate Let's try them out. Yeah, pass me right in time, but you lose for sure. Definitely love this So I'm back after letting it sit my hair. I mean, it felt amazing before it still feels amazing It's just juicy.  I'm hoping the gel is gonna be good Like that's the only thing that has me kind of nervous. So let's get to the wash and go I just want to mention that I love how it comes right to the Seal seal like this extra stuff here just to make sure nothing gets out So I really appreciate that like when brands take the extra step to make sure their products are secure Especially when you're buying online is being shipped So fewer accidents fewer out into talk to customer service and like all the drama give me some extra ceiling like this I love it. And of course, I love the packaging to like the purple got me so high I try not to be as much of a sucker for packaging as I am but I am a sucker for packaging. This one is the moisturizing styling milk The promenade I'll get Krillin Hansen hair jelly. I'm thinking overall It should hold based on the ingredients and I prefer like pectin's and some gum and stuff But if you're gonna give me something with carbon, I'll put some kind of acrylics copoly my final that just helps to reduce Dryness I guess for me and of course loaded up with like pomegranate I gave anything like that Help to boost the moisture again. Like I said prevent that dry carbon makey feeling so between carbon being very low down and Lots of moisturizing ingredients even though I'm a little scared. I'm hopeful and I'm excited So let me step talking and just get to it after rinsing the hair mask I'm about to try to leave in my last week's a styling milk About to apply the moisturizing styling milk I like the consistency because it's thick but not too thick. You can see it's still moving a bit And it's easy to scrub and apply. I love the scent too. It's kind of like that She said that kind of sweet cabbage type scent You know it makes my hair feel soft and even though it defines my hair So how I feel like if I wish it had more moisture like I don't know I could just be crazy because my hair responds to it but in terms of how it feels It doesn't feel as conditioned and moisturized. It feels more I don't want to say the peel in terms of penetrating. I mean it feels like some of it penetrated But I'm a little nervous about moisture, but we'll see when it dries I guess Because usually when I point out moisture when it's wet it usually is dry when it dries But I'm hoping that this is the exception in a dry moisturized So it feels a little thick on my hair like kind of you know slightly more on than in Even though my hair does feel soft and it does look defined I don't know. I don't know if I'm crazy or what But I'm a little nervous about moisture But this is my hair with the styling milk And then I'm gonna get to the second rollercoaster, which is the hair jelly So yeah Styling milk and hair jelly just styling milk Okay, so this is the hair jelly and it's all white But at least it's more of a pudding consistency than a cream consistency when I first saw the white house I please don't be cream, but it is more pudding. I wish they're just quilting puddings if they are puddings But because you know when I think of hair jelly, I'm thinking more like a gel So definitely does have the Kaaba effect for me, which is like after I applied I kind of need to add water to get it to Like it just kind of seizes up my hair Like the water just kind of isn't there Which is what happens when I use anything with Kaaba basically So I'm just gonna add a bit more water and then work it in So I will say it has nice slip. You want to think about the scent. Not like super sweet But nice kind of fruity scent. It is sweet, but not like the kindier sweet. I have you know like Wine-ish type sweet I guess. Not like wine, but kind of like a deeper sweet So this is my hair after waiting in the styler. I literally have no idea about the whole Like it's not flat, but it's not big. It is defined, but it's not super late So I really don't know how it's gonna dry So this is it. I'm just gonna shake it out a bit and then we'll see tomorrow for me in a blink of an eye for you So stay tuned That much it looks like a lot and I probably used a lot for some but I didn't use that much I would say I use a lot. I use extra like kind of just in casey So if this holds well the next time I could probably just use half of that Drill about moisture and whole I do like the shine on definition and We'll see that we put just a deep conditioner the rest. I'm gonna let you know when it dries my result. Nice day So I do like it. I love the definition.  So I'm rocking it I'm happy with it, you know Light airy volume everything. So the only thing I can say about it is that I wish there was more moisture But I feel like it's still solvable Like, you know, maybe with the oil on it like I feel like I can tweak it to get more moisture So I wouldn't let that be a deterrent, especially for those of you where Kabama doesn't wet out your hair like it does mine Kabama is like an instant dryer for my hair like I need some kind of oil or butter or cream or something To really sort out Kabama, but I wanted to just try the products on their own So and I have lots left so I can even do another Demo and put oil and just see what the difference is because I also have their wheat line leaving a deep conditioner like Protein treatment balancing treatment to try so I guess on that demo when I kind of read you probably use some oil and see if We get more moisture, but it's light super light Nice definition nice shape and everything and I do like it Again pretty much everything I said when I was putting it on applies Let me show you a little bit more. So I start off with like she said to shampoo I think off camera and I got into the deep conditioner Which you guys know I love and was my favorite this moisture boost here Mass just really did the thing for me I was juicy like it was big and juicy and just sucked in all the moisture It's been a long time since my hair felt like moisturized So I was really happy with it, and I loved it pretty much top shelf So I am paying more attention now to when I rinse how it feels and I would say I wouldn't rinse It didn't feel as amazing. So it was like a 10, which I pretty much never I've never said the words This is a 10 out of 10 before on my channel And this was a 10 out of 10 on my hair, and I guess rinsing it may have been a 9 But it definitely is still up there So I tend not to say I have favorite deep conditioners just because I love so many But this is like up there on the top shelf pile And I'll definitely be repurchasing this for sure for sure for sure loved it Let me show you the ingredients Strax loves honey loves agave So any collectioners bring me fruit extracts and agave or honey is a winner And this is give me all three so bring it and I'm here for it And like it just has a great texture great consistency slip great moisture great scent great is that um kind of sweet fruity scent a Little went a long way for me the moisturizing styling milk. So this is where Like I could feel the moisture, but somehow somehow I wasn't quite feeling that penetration So that's where I was like a little bit concerned. I still need to like play around with this So like when I give you guys first impressions, it's different from all the fun ways And you found the perfect way to use it a lot of times when I give you a first impression and say well Could I have more moisture? It's the first impression like if I pair this with something else It might be moisturizing things like that So I want you to remember that when I'm doing reviews because I tend to do first impressions At least for now, maybe on my PJ days have slowed down I'll be giving you all the bazillion time of me using a particular product First impressions. So yeah, first impression. I got great slip and definition I felt like the moisture was kind of there but I was a little nervous about the penetration and I would say that's how it's right like Almost moisturized, but not like who my hair feels so often moisturized All of these are like typical kind of she-centered type layouts in terms of ingredients It's also like that. You see the aloe. You see the chamomile The regular btms type stuff and some like agave or some honey or some something and this is kind of like that And then they have some room room buttons. So I'm low down low enough down for us who like more penetrating things but I don't know if it just like I don't know if that's why my hair just didn't penetrate that well because anytime like butters and stuff I don't really want it in a leave-in like put it in the cream put it in the styler Don't really put it in the leave-in, but good ingredients definitely But anyway, this isn't supposed to be a leave-in. It's supposed to be a styling milk I guess but again, it didn't say like use over a leave-in or anything It didn't say much about what to put under it if anything the moisture was just not quite there for leave-in but in terms of like Giving you not slide creamy definition and slide creamy light. Okay. This could probably seal in the leave-in Definitely did that. So definitely I would say use it more as a daily moisturizer for those who like that kind of thing Like if you are here a milk gal, this definitely is a milk more so than a leave-in I would say I just use it as a leave-in because that's what this line had for Kind of even ish thingy, right? So yeah, we have the curling ham sink here jelly Which give me all kind of feelings because when I first opened it It's kind of like a creamy looking thing But when I touched it and when you kind of look into it you see that it's definitely a pudding thing And then the hole was kind of there but kind of not like my hair was defined But big which can go either way in terms of hole in the dries, but then next day. Yeah, the definition is still there So I have a lot kinds of feels with this but overall I like it So even though I feel like I did wasn't enough moisture It's not dry and I feel like if I throw some oil in it, which I will next time we can get there So when I put this is I can't say but I can say that I'm really loving how my hair looks Just give me a little more moisture and we'll be there if I play around with it and I get the moisture, right? I would repurchase it. We have like water, aloe good stuff And then we have that cabbama at the bottom there, which isn't a deal breaker But it just tends to make my hair dry or at least not moisturize my hair as much as like pectin Zantum even like hydroxylethyl cellulose and stuff like that the butter again Which is fine on top and then the cabbama and the acrylics cross polymer. So Defines curls and gets soft hold to twist the style definitely defines definitely gives a soft hole when it's set twist this time I got nervous. I was like, is it gonna hold my wash and go at all? But you can see it definitely did So yeah, this is definitely a brand to look for. Yeah, I'm definitely going to be conditioner again And I feel like the others with a slight tweak could be it So I want to come back to you guys with it again I'm just trying to think of what would be a good leaving because I want to use a light even if I'm gonna be using Three things I think maybe like a she said to leave and will probably be perfect under this or maybe like I said The honey wheat line that they have the wheat line leaving and then this So but I want to review the wheat line alone and I'm doing it too So like maybe a third review will come in with a leaving under these two So look out for it stay tuned lots more hair products to go unless I decide to shave it all off I don't know. I was watching African hair go shave off his hair yesterday. I was like, you know what?  I don't know the kinky has me feeling gorgeous Kinky right now and I'm loving it loving the overall vibe of the line the brand and everything So definitely check them out next sale I'll be checking them out next sale for sure to get me some of that deconditioning and pick up some more goodies That's it. Thanks for watching. I'll see you in the next one. Bye


Nigerian indigenous mental health care is rooted in a cultural understanding of mental illnesses, which is often not compatible with western biomedical models. This can lead to stigmatizing attitudes towards those seeking help and even to instances of physical and emotional abuse. However, there are efforts to integrate orthodox and indigenous mental health care services, such as through collaborative shared care, which could reduce these risks. This article was authored by Adegh Boyega Oganwale, Adegh Boyega Oganwale, Babatunde Fadhaip and others.


Before we get into the video, people, I am giving away 11,500 Apex coins every single month. To be in with the chance of winning, make sure you are subbed to this channel, drop a like on the video, and leave a comment down below. More details under giveaway are in the video description. What is going on guys, welcome back to the channel and I appreciate you being here.  If you guys do enjoy the video and would like to see more, go ahead and smash that like button, I do appreciate the support. If you have any clip you want featured in my Apex Legends Highlights video, send it into the email address, linked at the top of the video description guys. But thanks for everybody who submits, I hope you enjoyed the video and hopefully I will see you on that next one.    Oh my god.  Yeah, dude.  Oh man, I'm popping off right now. Let's go.


Hey guys, it's Nate, AKA The Foot Accountant. Welcome back to the channel. The FIFA 23 market continues to rise as the Rule Breakers promo is just a little bit lackluster content-wise. And I'm sure some of you are asking, Nate, how can I make coins right now when the market continues to rise and as the market is still going up on FIFA 23? What I wanna do in today's video is take you through two trading methods that work so well for me. And I would argue these trading methods are the ones that make me the most coins a year round in FIFA. Trend trading and fluctuation trading. Also a lot of you guys have been asking, Nate, can you make a video about how to trade with icons, how to trade with foot heroes? We're gonna cover that in today's video as well as it does fall underneath the fluctuation trading method. And again, these trading methods are not science. You learn prices, you look at player prices, and you kinda know how the game just works on a week-to-week basis, and you can make coins every single week and every single day on this game with these methods. So I'm excited to share those with you today. Also, today's a Sunday content day, which usually brings the mini-release, which we would hope to see with rule breakers today, but we don't have any leaks for that, kind of interesting, but we do have a leaked SBC player that I think's coming out today. We'll talk about that in this video. So if you're excited to learn how to make coins, hit the thumbs up and subscribe if you're new. I mean, it's really easy to start talking about the first trading method today because I did it yesterday on FIFA 23. I bought on the low price point Friday night late into early Saturday morning, depending on where your time frame is. We'll talk about that in a second. And I sold into the Saturday market rise that we most often see as people wake up on Saturday and there's a lot of footchamps demand. I bought Benz on this last night at 60,000 coins. I bought Timorese at like 69,000 coins on bid. These were some of the cards that I flipped from Friday night late into Saturday morning midday with the number one method I'm gonna speak about today. That is the trend trading method. Basically, all you need to know is some general market trends, how the market usually moves each week. You can buy cards when they're low, sell them when they go higher. The first trend, as I just mentioned, is Friday night into Saturday morning. And I'm talking in kind of like the EU UK time zone. This graph I believe shows the UK time zone. So last night at 1 a.m. UK time, Friday night 1 a.m., or I guess Saturday morning 1 a.m. technically, Benz on his low point at about 60,000 coins. As you can see, on Friday, he was dropping with content, went down, went down, kind of stated around 68K. And then as the nighttime continued, he dropped lower and kind of hit a low point on Saturday morning early hours at 61,000 coins.  People go out and buy cards to their teams to go play those games. And that's a very common trend that you see on this game. It happened with a ton of players. It happened with rule breakers cards, right? It happens with gold cards. It happens with team of the weeks. Your most hyped and your most popular cards are what rise every single week on this trend trading method, right? Fakir down to 330, 340, bounce right back up to 374. Usually on the Friday night to Saturday timeframe, the rises are, they're pretty fast and they're pretty quick. And you know, I was looking at team of the week cards yesterday as well, team of the week four cards like for Impong was really low on Friday night. We're talking 16K. And he went all the way up to 20,000 coins. Of course, he did drop all the way back down. Then went up again. But this is the kind of graph you want to look for. A lot of movement. When a card has a lot of movement like this, that means it is number one, hyped. People want to use it. There's a lot of demand there. And number two, it probably means that it's a little bit rare, which may not be the case with for Impong. It just may be more of the demand. And still he's a pretty new card because obviously an 83 did inform is getting packed a lot on the weekend with foot champs rewards and those team of the week packs being given out. So you're like, Nate, what cards are you gonna do I wanna trade with you? Again, you wanna focus on those cards that are the higher rated ones, the most meta, the most popular. Kevin De Bruyne was 125K. He went all the way up to 140. Look at that, a really nice trend. Trading market rise from Friday night into Saturday. When's the next one, Nate? When am I gonna be able to buy cards again on a trend and potentially make some coins? Here's what I'll tell you. Look at them tonight. Watch cards tonight. Late Sunday night. A very common trend is cards get low Sunday night and then they rise into Monday because people get their foot champs rewards paid out. A lot of people don't finish their weekend league and like get all their games done. A lot of people actually just get their rewards when the actual weekend league competition closes, which is on Monday mornings, early morning UK time. So what you often see is people then get their rewards, they go out on the market and they buy cards for the team. Now I'm sitting here on this KDB because Footbin hasn't made a bit of an undercut on snipe. I'm trying to snag one at like 123 right now because that's what Footbin shows, right? This is just sniping, not really a trading method. But watch the market tonight on Sunday. Watch your team of the week cards. Watch your meta golds. You wanna find ones that have pretty big drop offs, right? Again, KDB will look at his graph as we're still here. On Friday, he went from 148K, dropped with the promo supply of the new promo and packs in the store to 120, bounced up to 132. And then you can see going all the way down to 125 was like, hmm, if I'm thinking about it, this Kevin De Bruyne is a high rated, 91 rated card. There's Cancelo in team of the week that people are packing in their reds and people are packing in their team of the week packs and general packs, right? And Manchester City, everybody wants to play with Erling Holland right now. So those links are great. This is a really, really good card to fluctuation trade with the trends because he has a lot of price movements, right? So that's kind of what you're looking for. You're looking for those meta cards that are popular and rare. They get low on Friday nights that you can sell on Saturday mornings. Same thing again for Sunday night heading into Monday morning. That's trading method number one, trend trading. Now let's talk about fluctuation trading because, okay, we know the trends that happen every single week. And another trend I guess I could throw in really quickly is usually you see a few cards rising up a little bit on Thursday after division rivals rewards. Not all the time though, and it's only with a few specific cards like each and every week. The biggest and best trends are definitely Friday into Saturday and also Sunday night into Monday.  Now, fluctuation trading, you also like to use a lot of footpin graphs. You also like to use a lot of these cards that are rare and that are meta. And this is where the icons, ooh, look at that, 122. See, somebody was on that. Oh, good sniper there on KTV. This is where you use a lot of the icons and where you use a lot of the heroes, right? I'm gonna use an example of a hero card that I know the price of right now. John Pierre Popin, right? Brand new hero in FIFA 23. He right now is around 130-ish thousand coins. Looks like 135. Okay, Popin is usually between 130 and 140,000 coins. If I take a look at his graph, we're gonna go over to footpin. This is where you can do a lot of research and knowing the prices of the cards and their normal fluctuations is huge because if you know the price of the card, right? Of course they change from day to day but if you see a more rare card like this Popin card, his prices are decently consistent because he's pretty rare. You see, down to 127,000 coins on Saturday yesterday and he peaked after a content at 141K. On Friday, his peak was 132K, went down to 119, and then exploded to 140 after that. So what I'm looking for in this Popin is I know that each and every day, at least once, he's gonna go up to 140,000 coins. Again, bar EA dropping some crazy content or something that would make their whole market drop. You're gonna be able to sell them at 140,000 coins or right around there, probably today on Sunday as well. So what I'd be looking for is a time where Popin gets down below 130K because then I know that if I sell at 140,000 coins, which he hits every single day or you get a nice lazy bid like this guy got, 147K on a lazy, that's nuts. That's what you're looking for. You're looking for, okay, I know the sell price in this card and what I can sell them for. Now I just have to find a buy price low enough to make some profit. One of my other favorite cards to do this with is Mohamed Salah, his Inforum, very rare from an early on team of the week. This trading method works best with the very rare team of the week cards. Now Salah's Inforum, this is a very good example because his price has actually gone up a lot in the past two days with the market rising. He used to be kind of peaking and his peak price on a fluctuation used to be about 470K. He would go between like 430 and 470 almost every day like clockwork. But as you can see, with the Big Friday coin injection, his price has gone from 450,460 all the way up to like 500,000 coins. And yesterday he went down to about 465 and spiked and wow, had some crazy sales above 500,000 coins. So before my buy price on Salah was like 425,430K because I knew I could sell at 470. Now looking at his footprint graph, it looks like it's changed. If I see the Salah at about 460, I'm looking to sell over 500,000 coins because if I look at the market right now, there's only two cards to 515K. You have to use some patience, right? And you have to know that these cards are pretty rare and that they're gonna fluctuate in price. And the deals are not always gonna be there for the cards that you maybe know. If you know three or four cards, your deals might not always be there but you can set some footbin notifications if you have footbin premium or just keeping on their prices every once in a while. What I like to do, one of my favorite things to do is add cards to my transfer targets and then just go through and then click on them, right? Like I'll have a Salah on my transfer targets, I'll hop onto my companion app and just hit compare price and scroll through the cards and be like, okay, right now Salah, he's up a little bit or right now Salah is down a little bit. So that's kind of the general idea with the fluctuation trading. It works best on the more rare cards, the heroes, the icons, specifically one icon that I have been kind of watching right now is Hugo Sanchez. His icon card usually sells around, yeah, he's a little bit lower because the whole market's dropped off a bit and icons this year are just not as hyped in general. Usually what I'm looking for on a card like this is buying around 300 and like 20K knowing that I can probably get a sale for around 370,000 coins especially with a little bit of hype right now with the Ector Herrera being out, some Mexican links for this Hugo Sanchez. You can see his price yesterday on Saturday went between, he didn't fluctuate that much.  Like I really doubt he sold that 495K. Now I'll say this, you can use this really cool feature on footprint called the market sales history go through on these cards and look and see, okay, you can see here that he sold for 373 about four hours ago, 375, 380. That was like a peak. Wow, 423, he did have some really high sales in there but I doubt he had a 495 but then you can see that earlier in the day he was 338, right, 325 on a snipe and then again he was like 370, 350, 360, 340. So you can see even you look through these sales listings the fluctuation on a card like this and you know, okay, and I know if I get this Hugo Sanchez for like 320, 330,000 coins I'm gonna be able to make money on that card. So, you know, I've been flipping the LAM mid card a decent amount. His price has gone down a lot. So I look for low 500s on him. The Butra Guanyo baby card is another one that I just learned the price of like 580, 570 is where he normally sells at. Right now he's 570. So if I can get this guy at like 520, you know, I'm leaving myself room for profit in there but it's not like I'm trying to slap this guy for 400K which would be completely unrealistic. I'm just looking for those small to medium size flips during a 24 hour period that is fluctuation trading. So again, icons, heroes, out of packs cards in general. I know that heroes and icons are impacts but they're pretty rare. Even though we had the whole hero compensation issue the heroes that I look at like that Fappan card you can absolutely still trade with them. You have to be careful that the heroes that are a bit more expensive because you need a bigger price swing on them since there's more tax involved for you to make profit but you can absolutely start to learn some of these hero prices. This is what I would do. Literally just go to Flip-In or whether it's heroes, whether it's out of pack specials just go to Flip-In, click on these cards and maybe pick like two or three of them. Add them to your trades with targets, start learning their price and then you can watch their fluctuations during a day, pick them out at a good price and sell them of course when they go back up, right? Smaller rec is 272. I want this guy at like 255 because I know that I can sell them above 280. He was 287 once, twice, 289 earlier in the day yesterday, right? That's a price I know in my head without EA dropping some sort of crazy content today on Sunday. If I were to see a smaller rec in the 250 range maybe it was a snipe, maybe it was a bid, whatever method you need. Oh, look at that open bid right there for smaller rec, right? Especially late night. A cheeky 242 start price. That's right up my alley for a card of that nature being more rare. Maybe less people are looking at that card on bid. Great opportunity to make coins with the trend trading and the fluctuation trading methods. So hopefully that helps. I know we spent a lot of time talking about that but I feel like it's very helpful and it deserves all the time that it needs and it should because it is probably, those two methods are how I make so many coins in FIFA every single year because you can use those methods every single day. That's the best part. So let's talk about Sunday content today though and talk about the market in general. What happened yesterday on Saturday for just a little bit. Now, the only leak that we have for today, like I mentioned is this one right here. It's an SBC leak. Now, why am I thinking that this is today? Well, on the weekends, EA hardly miss a day of a player SBC, right? Think about during the ones to watch. We had Friday, Saturday, Sunday, player SBCs. Wrote to the knockouts, same thing. I think that this SBC will be today on Sunday at foot share if leaked it yesterday. This could be another pretty solid SBC. I mean, I'm looking at this card right now. Like, oh my goodness, that's almost a Hulet Gang Alex Tellez if they give him the right boost. And this fits perfectly into my team. So I'm a little bit extra hype for that. But is that boost on Alex Tellez a little bit like too much EA sports? I'm guessing EA sports. Look at me saying EA sports when foot share if it's leaking this, yep. But I'm guessing they're kind of making him a rule breakers boost. 80 shooting seems to be a lot. I don't exactly know what they're doing with this boost in this card. But anyways, we'll have to see if Alex Tellez gets a big boost like that because that could be a really nice SBC card if it looks anything like this. Of course, depending on the price, but a Brazilian defender in La Liga. I would say that La Liga with the special cards right now and some of the overpowered players in this game is a very, very hyped league. One of the most hyped leagues. So this would be a big time SBC for today. Again, it all comes down to price. I think people yesterday, if we talk about this for a second, the Alaba SBC is cool, right? It's cool to get the player pick option for the Alaba. I think there's one clear cut favorite that most people like. I think it's the one that has the 87 defense and the 87 physical. If you take a look at two different versions, both can be lengthy, but this one can be lengthy with an anchor so you can boost the physical defense and pace attributes, 1900 upboats. On this David Alaba card, 300,000 coins to complete. Here's the interesting thing. If you go to the SBC, 75% downvote. So he's very disliked in the SBC section but he's got a lot of upboats here. I don't understand. I'm personally kind of interested in this card. I really am. Just because it's more of an like, usually you think of David Alaba as more of an agile center back that could play other positions. I wish he had different position changes. I think so many people wish that he had different positions like CDM or left back or whatever it may be. This is still a really great card. And in my opinion, if you want to get it done crafting with upgrade packs, it should come out tomorrow on Monday. I think it's a great option. I'm tempted to do this, depending on the price of Alex Telles because I'm doing first, but I'm interested in this card. Before I'm gonna sit here and say this card is absolutely ridiculously overpriced, I think the stats on it are good enough to warrant this price tag. You know, think about this and maybe tell me if I'm wrong here or not. This David Alaba card might be the second best card we have in this freaking promo, man. I mean, behind Christian Ronaldo, who's finally on the market. By the way, if you made coins in him yesterday, GGs, he had some really big fluctuations. We'll talk about that in a second. But behind Christian Ronaldo at 1.7 million coins, David Alaba is like the best promo cards in my opinion. I guess Fakir is pretty good. You know, I know that Zaha is cool, Ed and Jekko is cool, but I don't think that these guys, I don't think they're on the level that like Alaba is. I think Alaba is better than like all of them. So interesting to think that if Alaba was on the market, would he be more than 300,000 coins? And honestly looking at this, he might be right around there, maybe like 250 to 300K. So that SBC, although it seems expensive, might not actually be that bad of value. I'll hop off the high horse. That's my two cents about the David Alaba SBC. But also today's content on Sunday, does EA have something interesting up their sleeve? That's the question I'm trying to ask myself because like we've seen added to the code, a base icon pack, a base icon 86 overall pack, a hero pack, right? We have stuff added to the code that could very easily drop and absolutely destroy this nice rising market that we have had. I don't know if that's what EA wants to do with the market, but the content for rule breakers has been a bit lackluster. Are they gonna continue that today on Sunday? Or are they gonna spice it up and make something interesting happen? Just wait for 6pm. We also could have our first icon player SBC of the year as well. A couple of them have been leaked. I think it's Vidditch and Casias. We have not seen them dropped yet, but I do believe that those could be dropped today. A slight chance that one or two of those could be dropped today because Sundays have been icon player SBC days in the past. So that's kind of the situation on the market today and on the game. Again, mini-release, we're not sure. We had the Ribery leak. We had the Chicharito leak and now we are being told those guys are in team two, but could they actually be a part of the mini-release? If EA put Ribery out today in the mini-release, people would go bananas because this would be an incredible boost to the amount of hype that the rule breakers team has right now if there was a Ribery to be added to the game today. So I'm not expecting that. Just kind of, again, putting that out there because there's like maybe this much of a chance, just a tiny chance that it could happen today, but it really does sound like Ribery is going to be in team number two.  The Christiane Ronaldo yesterday going from extinct that two mil to being un-extinct. This is a trend that I want you guys to watch. The top tier most popular cards and especially since EA are updating price ranges fast this year. If there's an extinct card on a promo Friday and you wake up on Saturday, EA's been updating those price ranges. Those cards always get panic sold into 6 p.m. People are fearing the worst with some sort of like pack in the store. But I'm gonna be honest guys, even when lightning rounds come out later this year, Saturdays are almost always days where the market goes low and then it bounces back, right? We saw that with Ronaldo yesterday, 1.56 million coins all the way back to 1.83. I was really not on the game much yesterday, but I saw Ronaldo's price at 6 p.m. And if I had the coins, I would have bought one because I absolutely knew that with how much he was going for being extinct yesterday, so many people wanting to try him. And with Alibaba being the only SBC content, besides those position modifiers, of course, WEA Sports, you know, I knew that car was gonna bounce back. So that was a dub. I'm not really looking at many of these guys to have crazy rises from Sunday or into Sunday today. You oftentimes don't see that as much. I will say that this at Injecto to me is looking a bit interesting. I don't know how rare he is at the moment, but 170,000 coins, that is a decent bit lower than what he has been in the past couple of days. There's a lot of them here at 170, though. So if I was able to get one of these at like 160, maybe with squad battle rewards. Yes, we do think that squad battle rewards impact the market a slight bit. Maybe this card could go up a little bit after that slight bit of supply this morning on Sunday we'd have to see. But you know, watch the bids, watch the snipes if you're on during squad battle rewards and maybe a couple of these rule breakers will rise back up a little bit into the day on Sunday. But I'm really curious about the mini release. Really curious about Alex Tellez what his price could be because it might be a nice day on the game today. Watch out for your other left backs. And Alex Tellez, if he looks cracked, watch out for guys like Cancelo, watch out for guys like Theo Hernandez, Ferlan Mendy, they could get hit with a little bit of panic selling if that SBC looks good today. So that's gonna be the video for me today, guys. If you did enjoy Smash, a thumbs up on it. Comment down below if you have any questions and subscribe if you're new. It's been Nathan from Foot Account. I'll catch you guys later. Peace.