The governor of Undostate, Rotimiakudu, has flagged after distribution of the newly digitized certificates of occupancy under the Home Ownership Charter of Undostate scheme. The governor said it will boost the economic activities of the people through transactions with financial institutions. He noted that the House and scheme is aimed at ensuring transparency, first striking and repositioning of land administration in the state. He explained that property owners in the state, after granting titles, can use their certificates over occupancy escalators and financial transactions. Efficiency, accuracy, certainty is there. The commissioner explained, what we have here, the code here, is not for fun. Through our ministry was determined to adopt a code that would involve a good functional document. This process involved the most inspiring design and technology input. We not for me should have refined our plans until we came up with this ingenious, ingenious new fabricate of occupancy. But when you have money, you can now improve on your business, expand your businesses and become more prosperous. So we're going to witness a new level of prosperity in undostate by these initiatives that Mr. Gov. Now, please do subscribe to our YouTube channel and don't forget to hit the notification button so you get notified about fresh news updates.


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Hi, beautiful. Relaxers can be dangerous if they're not done correctly. That is one thing I know for sure. However, I'm gonna be honest here. I don't know a ton about relaxers. The last time I did a relaxer was in hair school. So, I spent several hours today researching how relaxers are properly done, some dos and don'ts, why relaxers can be so dangerous, and the differences between different kinds of relaxers. I have definitely accumulated some knowledge over the past few hours and have been doing extensive research about the topic to make sure I only bring you guys factual information. Also, I wanna tell you, if you are interested in getting relaxers, if you're looking to do more investigation about how they work, or just wanna know more about relaxers in general, please go watch a couple of videos I watched. One is by Green Beauty and it's what are relaxers really doing to your hair. It's linked below. And the other one is, relaxer application dos and don'ts. A girl named Sue-in or Soon, they'll be linked below also. So, those are some great informational videos, but I will give you my opinions on the situations that we have going on here today. And just remember, I'm not an expert on this exact topic. Take everything I say with a grain of salt and please do your own research because I don't perform relaxers. But these are definitely some very satisfying relaxer videos and that is what I love so much. So, hopefully today we can both learn a thing or two about how relaxers are done and just have some fun and relaxation as we watch the hair go from curly to pin straight right before our eyes. Let's get it started. All right, our first video, we're starting off with a very, very satisfying video. I needed to share this with you. I've skimmed through it. I wanna see what actually goes on here because it is magical. And this video is by the master stylist. She is definitely a master stylist. This video is called Virgin Relaxer on long hair. Ooh, look at those curls. Here is 100% natural. Wow. She hasn't had a relaxer in about four or five years, but the natural hair was too much work for her to keep up with. This is a big deal because once you relax, you can't go back. You have to grow that out. It's not just gonna wear off. A relaxer is permanent. This isn't a keratin treatment. This isn't a Brazilian blowout.  I am going to put the hair about a fourth inch away from the scalp and I am massaging the hair in because she's getting a virgin relaxer or any relaxer. You don't wanna go right in, putting a relaxer to the scalp. No. The time you are done or even get halfway through the hair, that client is gonna be saying that they are burning. Listen, I definitely know a few things from hair school about relaxer. One of the things is you don't put it on the scalp. This is not a chemical that should really even be on your hair. Never mind your scalp. I understand why people do it because I know that extremely curly hair can be just a lot of work. It's a lot of maintenance. Curly hair is dry and so doing these treatments is one of the only options to permanently make it straight. It's a serious thing you're doing to your hair. Oftentimes it's not done right which can cause a lot of damage to your skin. It's scary to me. Me on the other hand, I do have sensitive scalp so the minute relaxer touches me, it only can stay touching my scalp. Thank God she's using gloves. Everything is going good. She's sectioning nicely. We love this. Obviously this girl knows what she's doing, okay? She's a hairstylist. She's done this a lot. So as you can see, I'm also massaging the hair in as I'm putting it on. Sort of like applying color by me smoothing it in. It's allowing the hair to penetrate more into the hair shaft. When doing any kind of hair straightening treatment that's permanent or semi-permanent, the way you apply it is just so vital to the outcome of what you're doing. If you section out the haircut properly, it'll come out better. If you section out your highlights properly, it'll come out better. Relaxer, you need to do your sections. You need to be thorough. That's a big thing and she is doing just that. So we're good. I actually found that doing the hair in fours and then going back and doing diagonal parting much, much faster than doing the way that you're taught in school. She's taking small sections, going around, applying enough to go around. She's actually going in the opposite direction as she just went with her sections in order to make sure every single strand is fully covered. What I've learned is that combing is not necessary. At least that's what I learned today from a bunch of people who seemingly know a lot about relaxers. I know that you want it laid flat. Knowing now what a relaxer is actually doing to the inside of the hair is really breaking down those bonds and fully reshaping the hair just doesn't sound like a good idea to comb it when it's in such a fragile state with so many harsh chemicals on it. But this works for her. So as you can see, I think she's now hitting the scalp after she's already done the entire head. That way, this relaxer does not sit on the scalp for very long.  I get it, but it makes me nervous to put that chemical on that scalp like that. It's like, I'm scared. So she has been shampoo conditioned. Holy sh. Her ends are really bad. I can tell she's probably been wearing the puff a lot or wearing it like in the head. Sorry. So when those ends are exposed, the sun is just frying the ends of the hair. But she did keep her length, so we are doing just a trim. Again, we have to mention the damage that goes on when you do something like this, but the outcome is quite mind blowing. The fact that you can take hair that is just so, so curly and make it so, so straight is a wild thing. Now, of course, I think she's blow dried this and possibly straightened it. So I don't think it just popped out of that cream, but I'm sure it helped a lot. And I don't know if her hair would have been straight without a relaxer. So it's really cool just seeing that chemical reaction go on. Anything transformative, I love, which is why I love the hair industry. It's so satisfying seeing her cut off these ends too. Yes, give it the cut.  Give it to me. All I'm doing is just massaging it in the hair, not applying a lot of it, but you just want to make sure you get in the hair really, really well before you start applying heat. G-H-D flat iron. Oh my God, it's like the bomb. I just got a deal the other day. Okay, so now she's going in with the flat iron to finish it all off. This relaxer looks stunning, I have to admit. And she is going in and giving her these beautiful curls with these beautiful sections. It's everything that I want to see today. I needed something to relax me today and we're getting it. Who needs alcohol? Who needs clubs? Who needs to go out? Who needs friends? When they have relaxer videos. Okay, so now we are wrapping it to set it in place. Probably gonna put her under a dryer or something. A little shine spray maybe. And then we'll see the finished result. Obviously, her hair was starting in a good place, but we're combing it out and oh my God. How is that even the same head of hair she started with? What? Dude, that takes talent and time and a lot of effort. Oh my God, I wanna get my hands in there.  You can wear it in pretty curly styles but you can't run your hands through it. And then she goes home and all of a sudden she has this like silk hair. That's probably so trippy. Wow, that was a beautiful result. That was a transformation. I have to say the relaxer kind of slater hair still doesn't make up for the fact that it's very dangerous and not good for you or your hair, but it was a really great outcome. The master stylist, you kind of killed it.  All right, let's move on to the next video. It is by Tierra J. And it is called OMG. I relaxed my natural hair for be curly to wavy full tutorial. And this one is an at home one. So we'll see if she sticks to the rules and follows the directions on how a relaxer is supposed to be properly done after learning about it today. We shall see what goes on here. I'm headed over, honey, to texturize, text lax. Throughout this video, I'm gonna be showing y'all how to do a texturizer or a text laxer really is just a relax girl with some fancy tees in it. It's just a relaxer. I was gonna say, what's the difference? It's a relaxer, but I'm just doing it not to achieve straight hair, but to achieve a looser curl. And I'm gonna get into all the education, all the fun stuff throughout the video while I'm doing my texturizer. These different kinds of relaxers that aren't as harmful or whatever, it's really just the same chemical just left on the hair for a lesser amount of time. So really it's all the same thing. I'm interested to see what her hair's gonna look like after. Is it gonna be long? Is it gonna be like shoulder length? Is it gonna be like chin length? I feel like it's gonna be pretty long. Her hair is very curly, so we shall see. One, before all these comments come through, oh my God, why is she doing this? She must hate herself and da da da da. Girl, it's just hair. It's my hair. That's right. And second of all, I love my natural curls. I really do. She's bored of it. She wants a change. Okay, I get it. My hair, nothing like that, I just would like a change. And I have that right because it's my hair. Everybody has that right to do whatever they wanna do to their hair.   And I get it because they're just like really care for your hair and they want the best for your hair. But sometimes, man, you just gotta listen to what your heart wants. And maybe at that moment, you just want a different hair texture. I know I sometimes want curly hair. Maybe I'll get a perm. I don't know. Let her live, okay? And the reason I wanna text lax my hair is to manage it better because at this point in my life, I'm just tired. It takes me like a good hour to detangle my hair. It is longer than that. That's really tough. But this middle section is really my main like running with just it not being as manageable as I want it to be. The perimeter of my hair is like a much looser texture. And in this middle, it's just like shoo shoo. So basically you wanna touch all of your hair, no product, freshly washed and conditioned. No product on your hair and you wanna see where the coarsest part of your hair is. You wanna know that because that's where you always wanna start. Usually right here, right? Or even your relaxer. You always wanna start on the coarsest part of the hair because when that chemical starts to work in, you want it to work there first. Relaxers are very time sensitive. You don't wanna let it sit on one spot for an hour. The other spot 10 minutes or else you're gonna get all different kinds of patterns within your one head of hair. You gotta be fast. You gotta be thorough. Get it on there. Get it on there good.   Seriously.  Oh, I didn't know that. Easy to put that chemical through. You wanna as easy as possible.  Oh my God. Her hair is so long. I'm being like flat iron. You don't wanna do all of that. But basically, you know, having it as straight as possible. Looks so bouncy. Ooh. Oh my God. No going back after this. Well, in a few years you can, but. Here, like literally just like this for about three, I think it's been like four days now. So I'm gonna use everything that came in the box. Good idea. I approve of that. Pink on the smooth little, look at that. That pink oil, what's up? What's this for? I'm gonna use everything that's on your mind. Oh good. So this is gonna act as a protective barrier. We love protection. Always use protection. I got my first relaxing when I was six. Yeah. I'm going back. Like I just, I can't believe it. Oh, my little six year old hair getting relaxed. I can't help but feel bad for it. Ooh. Texturizer is not, you know, just a conditioning treatment. I know. Conditioning cream girl, this is a whole relaxer. So if you do want to step into like texturizing your hair, just know that it's, it's not coming back. Not.  You have to grow out your scalp.   That's what you gotta do. Ah. Learning about this. I definitely know she shouldn't be going this close to her scalp or she's literally painting on her scalp with this relaxer, which makes me a little nervous. I will feel like you should not start on your roots. Not a hundred percent on that. Oh, wow. I have a feeling that you shouldn't wrap your hair in a bun after you've put relaxer on it. I'm pretty sure you just let it lay down straight in the position you're gonna wear it.  Putting in a bun is quite scary to me and it is fully on her scalp. I just cannot believe I actually really did this. As I was washing my hair, I could just run my hands. My first look at my Tex-Lex hair, oh, y'all ready? Nope, I'm not ready. I'm not ready. It's like straight. I am happy. I'm happy. Oh, we're happy. Exactly what I wanted. And my curls ain't popping yet but I still got some texture up in there. Wow, that really relaxed her hair. I was expecting it to be, you know, not this straight. Whoa! And it also looked like her hair was falling off for a second so I was like really concerned. I was waiting for what she was gonna say.  I am so happy. This is exactly- She looks so cute. Exactly, exactly, exactly, exactly, exactly. Exactly how I wanted my hair. What? I could just run my hands through it. So the pink conditioner I'm pretty sure is like a neutralizer. A lot of the stuff after you do is to bring your pH level of your hair back down to the proper, you know, green safe area to make sure your hair doesn't fall off completely. The pH level is too high.  Low key when I was washing my hair, I started panicking because I'm like this is straight. Like I did not want my hair bone, bone, bone straight and everything just both super, super, super straight. And I was like freaking out for a little minute. I feel like I really got a lot of texture in the back. Yeah, the back looks much more textured than the front. A lot of that texture in the back. You know, you can always do your hair in force, quadrants and start with the back. Do apply that, start your timer. Do this side, start your timer. Do the front side, start a timer. Do this side, start a timer. And then once each timer goes off, you can rinse that section separately. So you can have everything processed the same exact amount of time and you'll get the same exact outcome in all the areas of your head.  And I'll show you all my hair once I come back and everything is rinsed out. And I'm gonna style it a little bit. Try to get my curls popping. Try to get my new. Get those curls popping, girl. I mean, wow. That's a difference. I like it, but I also loved her curly hair maybe a little bit more than this. I don't know, that's just me. Who cares? I mean, if she feels good, then that's awesome.  I mean, it's kind of cool that you can just apply that chemical and it's just like, boop, your hair's straight. You're welcome. With a lot of damage, but you're welcome anyways. You're like, okay, thanks. That was beautiful. Thank you for that, Ms. Tierra. Then our last and final video is by Sierra Danielle and she titled it Relaxing, Tex Laxing My Natural Hair After Three Years.  This is going to be like down to here. This is three years worth of hair. Your hair is beautiful. This girl has got some locks and they are long locks and she is about to relax them for the first time in three years. Scary. It's just too much. I can't, I just, I can't right now. My entire life story. I can't spend two days on my hair. No. Electing my hair. I'm not washing my hair, but every three, four months, honestly. That's like twice a year, almost. When it's like this, it almost tricks me. I'm like, oh, okay. You know, I can manage this. I can manage this. Wait a second. Her hair is so pretty like that. With that makeup.  The main thing that I asked myself was, are you natural because you love it? Or are you natural because it's trendy? I think that is a great thing to ask yourself when you're about to do this. Is this for me or is this for the world? If it's for you, yeah, do it, man. But don't do it because society tells you you need straight hair. Oh, where are your sections? I'm not looking. Oh, I wish she was taking proper sections because what's gonna happen here is hair strands are not gonna get touched because when you're bunching the hair up and you're applying the relaxer to all that hair, this stuff inside that doesn't get touched by the relaxer is gonna still be curly, obviously. And then you're gonna have straight hair around it. So you're gonna have curly and straight all in the same head and it's gonna look kind of random and weird. Just take the time to section out properly. So she is going in there and it looks like she's taking better sections now. So I am satisfied. And she's working through that beautiful hair of hers that is about to be hopefully well straightened. She is probably like one of the best candidates for something like this. Her hair is so thick. You can tell she has healthy hair. It's not colored. There's nothing going on. I mean, she has beautiful edges and her hair can probably withstand all that's about to happen to it. Otherwise somebody with fragile looking hair, somebody with color, I mean, I definitely wouldn't do it with color. They're not gonna be as good of a candidate as this girl because relaxer needs to work on healthy hair in order for you to get a good outcome and in order for you not to have any breakage after. We want to avoid breakage at all costs. No turning back now, right? Nope. Fresh out the shower from, I watched it with the neutralizing shampoo. Whoa. With my tried and true motions, lavish wash that I've been using like forever. And then I conditioned with generic- I just feel like hypnotized. Like the next is knock off. I'll put the name down here, I conditioned like 15 minutes with that. What I didn't want to happen, happen. This is how I wanted my hair to come out this side and this is- Really flat. It's a little bit more processed than I wanted, which is a bummer, but you know. You can tell one side is super flat. The other side is a bit more voluminous. There's a lot of different stuff going on on both sides of the hair because they weren't processed the same amount of time and they weren't done exactly the same. Doing the same amount of time on both sides is just so important with this process. Over the years, as it grows out, I will just trim it and thicken up or whatever. Like I'm hoping to the type of thickness that I want. I know for sure this side will be. My right side of my hair is longer than my left side. I can't say y'all that I'm mad. Like I can't say that this was a bad decision for me. I can't. But it looks really good. So I found this video of her hair fully straightened and I just wanted to show you guys what the difference is. But wow, her hair looks super nice. Totally different looks and I get why she would do it just like the other girls. Great job, girl. Besides the fact that it wasn't that good of a job. Besides the fact that you should've definitely taken better sections and time better. Invested in a properly done relaxer since it was so many years. You know, you went without it. I would just rather see you go to somebody who really knows what they're doing. But I understand people have their hang-ups about spending money on hair or they don't have the money for it. I get it. That's just my opinion. Take it or leave it. Wow. I loved learning from those women on what to do, what not to do with a relaxer. I definitely know much more now than I did when I started this video. And again, if you're gonna do this to your own hair, do the proper research. It is not just something you throw on your head and you just automatically have straight hair and there's no repercussions for it. I mean, this is a serious, serious treatment. It is not like coloring your hair either. Coloring your hair is better for your hair in some circumstances is better than doing relaxer treatment. Relaxer is pretty much the harshest chemical you can put on your hair. With that all said, make sure you follow me on TikTok, Instagram, Twitter at BradMondoNYC. Make sure you follow my haircare brand XMondoHair. We have so many hair products coming out in the next like couple weeks.  Just throwing up hair products right now in the most beautiful way possible. And shop XMondoHair linked below to get fabulous, beautiful, glowing hair. And that is all from me today. Thank you guys so much for watching. Don't forget to live your extra life and I'll see you next time. Bye.


What's up everybody? Jason here for jasperjasecasebrake.com. Another March Madness promo break sold out 2021 Panini football limited 7 box half-case break. Picketing is number 4. Now number 4 sold out before number 3 So this will be the first half of the case. The second half will be for the next one And at the end of the break, of course, we'll randomize because for names number one gets a March Madness promo spot There you go guys Boom boom Now remember I we don't have to sell out the last promo break contenders number 10 Since all we had to do was sell out only 30 of the 32 tonight You know, thanks to Nick of course for allowing that to happen, but If I like that 10 1145 time slot if number 10 were to sell out I'll do it and then we'll give away that final spot properly the way it should have been for customers that of course, you know bought in to the break and Just the FY the only reason why I say that is because Steven just got two spots in that break and it brought it down to 10 so obviously I can't stay here all night, but You know, you guys have a solid hour to potentially sell out the last 10 teams In contenders number 10 and I'll stay and do it if you guys want to Just a little FY There are some pretty pricey teams to remaining like the Bears at 330 And most of the teams are above 110 120, but that's just a little little extra there if you guys want to All right, so Seven on the left seven on the right. Let's see which one we do one two three. So this would be for limited number three Which again, we'll be coming up next And again, that doesn't have to happen tonight though to unlock the promo That's just obviously to give out the last spot the way it should have been Wanted Parker and Tutu Awa we have Derek Henry and Paulson a devil Elijah Moore little RPA to 99 our next one Yeah, it is right. It's gonna go tonight whether the last one sells or not But if you guys wanted to sell out that last one we can so we can properly give out the 32 spots, but if not We're gonna just give that last spot away to one of the 31 customers that got into the promo Regardless, it is gonna happen tonight But for customers that you know potentially don't have a spot yet You know want to still win one more shot and sell it out within the next hour hour and 10 minutes and then we can do that when it added to the promo list towards Kira 75 and wrong deal more Swift's and Preston Williams for the Dolphins Winner Richard So Jaspie putting that extra work right there Trey Lance 13 out of 99 So what you're basically saying is that you're gonna, you know kind of break someone's heart when they realize they got like a number 15 seed And not like a number one Or number two 49 is Going to dusty as long as your team could potentially advance into the next round at least you got 50 bucks You know it'd be really strong if they can get to like the elite eight. I think that's where like You know you win like a hundred and fifty at least but hey anybody you just never know guys I mean honestly anybody can win I mean I think a lot of people You know expected certain teams to lose already. I know why St. Petersburg actually win again I mean look at USC lost today I don't think anybody was really expecting USC to lose Redemption Trey Lance again. It's a little two-color patch to 35 But it was a layer and Jacob Harris little RPA will not Will not bam Wow rookie patch autographs gold spotlight Jamar Chase Oh, let's see. Let's see What we got right here This was Ricky patch autographs part number 107 out of 99 and gold spotlight would be Out of 75 or less Which actually Jamar Chase already is out of 99 so actually it'll be at a 75 probably yeah Unless he was like Trace Sarman out of 29 then it would be less There you go. Very nice since he Next box Bahamsis 10 of 10 and Yami Brown Relic Well, you know people are taking them in Vegas right just to like Get those crazy odds to make it Khalil Herbert to 49 a Monroe St. Brown to 199 Detroit Lions, it's going to Steve Also guys, I'm you know, maybe people have been listening to me But don't look now, but we might not be giving away that free spot Go look on the website guys contenders is now down to six straight up I think the big hurdle is going to be someone taking the Bears potentially but We're down to six I mean it wasn't even that rebel those others other upsets yesterday and today I think in ESPN brackets is only two perfect out of like 20 million He could be upset Brandon, but I he knew that he knew it going in for the last like week They've been working on that trade quietly with the Raiders for like I think they said almost four or five days now So Rogers already knew it was happening I'm pretty sure they informed them right away And like I said, I had nothing to do with the Packers in the sense that like the Packers actually offered him more money than the Raiders did But he just he didn't want to play that no more He wanted to play with the Raiders in their car. Which often does that happen, you know Right, that doesn't sound right, but you know, obviously he was teammates with cars So he just wanted to change the scenery probably tired of those cold winters Wanted to be in Vegas instead So yeah, he was informed a while back So Hey, Rogers got paid. I think that's that's what he wanted to The one shocker today was the Sean Watson that one was I Mean in the sense that like the reason why he signed with the Browns is because the Browns wanted to give him all his guaranteed money He wanted Michael Carter RPA. I guess the Falcons and the Saints weren't willing to give him a fully guaranteed contract Which I would probably not either But the Browns were like, we'll do it and we'll pay you more than they are And I think it was easy decision for the Sean Watson today He's like, yeah, I'll be a Brown. I don't have to play against this guy twice a year So the Sean Watson could blow out his knee tomorrow He could he could you know, never play football again, and he's gonna get paid I mean, I think we were talking about earlier about something I think kangaroo if you junior still getting paid from the Reds From his fully guaranteed contract. He's like, I think what seventh or tenth on the payroll Crazy on a 75 Darren Waller and Anthony Schwartz Yep, and the thing is, you know, they won't be able to draft first rounders no more This is for the next three years most likely So they've got to get potential free agents to want to come to Cleveland Levi for Detroit But hey on paper if the Sean works out you just trade it for Mark Cooper You got Nick Chubb still as you're running back You don't look half bad, right? Negro Collins at 299 Think also, maybe just Sean probably thought it was easier to win the AFC North and potentially when the NFC South, right? With Brady still being over there Easier path potentially. I don't know book on this side. So I think they said that If he gets suspended that The money that will be coming out of the suspension will be for the first year, which I think is like 11 million dollars I think he's on the payroll or something like that cap. I believe I Have to read it again, but that's where the money would come out of if he gets suspended From the NFL is that can still happen the NFL is a suspended for X amount of games slash a year I don't think it'll be a year little bit Zeke and Elijah Moore. Yeah, most of his money is probably like extension or Signing bonuses Brevin Jordan Yeah, I can see him being suspended for like four to six games for sure. I feel like they should and they probably will Chewba Hubbard. Yeah, that's what I'm saying. Like the Browns basically get accommodated. I'm saying Don't worry about your money.  All right, Michael Carter. I'm on room Jamar Chase, Tray Lance, Tray Lance There we go Appreciate it guys. Now. Let's give away that Marchman is promo spot. There you go So let's copy and paste the customer names that are in this break number four Roll the dice Two and a five seven times. Good luck. No customer name. I number one gets it one two three four five six seven Boom seven times two and a five seven Just missing hours angel. Sorry about the angel all the way down to 32 But congrats to Richard. There you go rich the biz on Instagram. Congratulations, man Boom seven times you're in You are in And this was limited number four Limited number three the second half is coming up next Jasper's case preach calm


Tired of the everyday grind? Ever dream of a life of romantic adventure? Want to get away from it all? We offer you escape. Escape, designed to free you from the four walls of today for a half hour of high adventure. On a remote island in the war-torn Pacific, a paradise of tropic splendor where sounds of battle are far behind. While walking slowly toward you, our arms stretched out to you is the most beautiful girl in the world whose embrace could mean your death. Listen now, as escape brings you Millard Kaufman's exciting story, The Island. The problem was, what could I do with Robert Lacy? Do you happen to have a dream book handy? With all the charts and categories precisely arranged in alphabetical order? Well in it you'll find a dream for loneliness about girls in soft summery dresses. You'll find a dream for hunger, two-pound steak perhaps smothered all over with lamb chops. There are dreams for the traveler of a hometown far away and long ago.  A waker asleep that was Lacy's dream. Corporal Robert Lacy, second battalion, fourth Marines.  So it seemed until that night when Lacy's dream became my problem. May it was 1945 in a little wood on Okinawa. Okay, so boring. I guess I got it. Where are we anyhow? In a couple of three mines behind Jap lines. Oh fine. You'll worry too much, pal. Even for a guy on his first patrol. Well I've been thinking of it as my last. Relax like me and you'll live forever. What was that? Nothing, just a screamin' meme-y. Got a kind of a tail adjustment with the cuffs of wind sorta screams. Jap uses a scarous. Well they sure succeeded. You scare easy, pal. Sure. Sure, I'm a pushover for that Shreklikite stuff. Shreklikite? Yeah. What kind of jive is that? Well it means terror, fightfulness. German Germans got a whole arsenal of terror weapons. Japs got a few themselves. What do you say we sack in? Sack in here? That's as good as the next place.  It's three miles behind Jap line. Got no chance of gettin' back tonight. Get knocked off, we'll try it. You take the first watch. I'm goin' to sack in. You goin' to sleep? I don't know. Maybe I'll just sit here and dream a while. You're sure pickin' a fine time for it. Hey, did I ever tell you about my island? Yeah, yeah, you told me. You must've told me 50 or 60 times in the past month. All right, so I'll tell you again. Now this island, it's a sort of a special place, you see. There's no rain, no jungle rot, no war. Just a quiet, cozy spot where a man can lay down under a banyan tree and live off the fat of the land. Oh, there is no such place. Now on this island, a man that never go hungry. All you gotta do is fish a little with the natives.  Not like a nips. And all the dames are beautiful. You know something, Lacey, you read times. I'll come around fixin' to go as soon as I can find it. I'm never goin' back stateside. I'm gonna lay down under that little banyan tree and I'm gonna rest for a while. I let him rave on. What else could I do, argue with him? There I was, three miles deep in enemy lines with a stranger, his eyes narrowed in a thousand-yard stare. It's a rush of words like a nervous twitch. He raved on about a place that doesn't exist with big men and beautiful women. And then I found myself listening. Sort of hypnotized. And I learned something about corporal Lacey and what combat wariness means. He'd foraged too long among the rotten bombs, carved pebbles of the Pacific. He'd seen too much death, too many crackups. He was himself half-cracked and slightly dead, barely held together by the taught and twisted wires of his dream. So what could I do, argue with him? There'll be cattle on the island, too. They're gonna find me a beautiful girl. Yeah, yeah, I'm listening. Look, Taburi out there coming toward us. Where? Two o'clock. There's a whole bunch of them. No, no. There's not a bunch. There's four, three men of them and a woman. They're heading right for us. Put that rifle down. What's the matter? You flip or something? They're not chaps. The men are too big. It's funny, the woman with them, though. Maybe his eyes were better than mine, but I trust that brain is all fasted with dreaming.  It's beautiful. If only I'd listened to Lacey then. If only I'd known, but chaps are no chaps. I was taking no chances. I raised my rifle and...  I'm gonna see if she's hurt bad. Come on. Lacey, Lacey, don't go. You know the chaps. It might be a trick. Don't worry about me. Let go of me. Listen, you get yourself killed. Not me, Taburi.  Now, let go of me. All right, I just hope you know what you're doing. I don't want to get involved in any of your cockamani dreams, you know. Dreams? It's no dream, Taburi. You'll find out. Okay, Lacey, so where is she? It's funny, she must be around here somewhere. Wait a minute. What's that? It came from over there. Come on. Ah, there she is. She's scared of us. Lady? It's all right, lady. What?  Watch her, Lacey. Ah, she's bluffing. I got your first aid kit. Here you are.  You see, we got bandages, adhesive tape, penicillin. She don't get what you're talking about. She gets the idea. That's right, lady. This won't hurt a bit. You just got nicked a little, that's all. Just a flesh wound. Oh, she trusts you. Yeah, she trusts me more than you do. Didn't I tell you she was beautiful? You told me a lot of things. How about the men she was with, the big men? She was with them, and they weren't chaps. Not chaps. And a pig's eye, not chaps. No, no, they're not chaps. There you see. Well, then what were they? They were, how you think, my people. Well, who are you, what are you, what's your name? Them, Taki. I see in English, but please go away. Please, you go away, sir. Now you scared her again. Look, Taki, it's all right. Everything's gonna be all right. You just come with us, huh? No, I go home. Must go home. So go home, scram, lady, lose yourself. Oh, no, you don't. Let her alone, ladies. You keep on it. Well, let her go back to her rice paddy, will you? You still don't catch, Tabori. She ain't from Okinawa. She's from that island I was telling you about. I'm from Yogashi. Yogashi, shima. Shima, see? Shima means island. All right, all right, then what are you doing here? I do not know. The Japanese bring us in canoe.   Where is your island, huh? Where is Yogashi? In China Sea. Yeah. A half day from Okinawa, by canoe. Canoe? Well, what's it like, Taki? Well, what's your island like? Listen, listen, never mind the item. Let's find that canoe.  With a canoe, we can get back to our lines by water. Yeah, I think you've got something there. Taki, can you find a canoe? I think I can. Come on, let's go. She led us on through the wood. A lopsided moon came up in its rays, filled it through the clouds and down through the jagged trees. In the moonlight, she was like one of us porcelain figurines, delicate with a peculiar tint to her skin, unlike anything I'd ever seen before. It was like the shade of waxed ivory, ancient ivory. Her hair was long and black, drawn tight over her head. She was straight and slim. She walked with dignity. She was beautiful. As beautiful as a dream, Lacey's dream. But dreams don't come true, not like this, yet here she was just the way he described and the three men and the island. I couldn't figure it out because just then I didn't have time. Lacey, listen to that. Yeah, come on. Pocky let us down a slope to the water. There were canoes. And leaning against a prowl were two sentries. While they were safe, they thought three miles behind their lines snugged his two bugs in a mosquito net. They were so safe, they didn't know what hit them. Guru, huh? All right, push off to boring. You take your bow. Sit down, Pocky. Where to? Straight up in the channel. I think, huh? I think we're going to make it. We can take it easy now. I'm not taking it easy. It'll cross our perimeter. How are you going to tell at night? Oh, maybe you think I got neon signs, huh? Well, maybe we'll see a landmark or something. Distances can fool you at night. We're able to paddle right into a platoon of nips. Okay, what do we do, Lacey? We'll stand by the morning and head for our convoy. We'll ride ashore in style in an LST. I don't know. I think it'll be better for you. Look, whatever you think you're outvoted, you're outvoted two stripes to one. What, are you pulling rank, Corporal? Well, why not, Knucklehead? This ship's got one skipper and I'm it. Oh, you're like a... Now look, if I want any stuff out of you, I'll knock it on you. Now, morning, you don't follow up this detail. So what was I going to do? Argue with him? Start a private firefight in the middle of the China Sea? Oh, I was getting a little combat weary myself, but Lacey, he was all charged up as though his crazy dream had come true. Lying on the narrow deck of the canoe, I could hear Lacey, and the more I heard, the more confused I got. It's not like other islands. Is it, Tucky? It's... different. You're goshy. I wish I could tell you how. I know, it's pretty, huh? It's very pretty, but... Is the fishing good? It's good, and we have pigs. Cows? Good cows. I knew it, I knew it. Cows and pigs, and Lacey getting all hopped up about them. Well, that was the last thing I remembered. I guess I fell asleep, and then suddenly it was daylight. Tabori! Hey, look, Tabori! What? Look over there, what do you see, huh? An island? Just an island? It's not just an island, that's my island. What's so special about it? Well, look at it. It's surrounded by mist, just like I see. Oh, tell it to the troops. Let me get back to Okinawa. Look, Tabori, stand by for a ram. We ain't going back to Okinawa. I don't want any more trouble from you, Tabori. Well, then don't make any, or I'll... Hey, what? Looking for your rifle? Well, don't bother, because I got it right here. Now you get forward. You're crazy. Go on, move, Tabori. You're flirting with a purple heart. All right, now lean on that paddle. That's right. We're heading for Yagachi. Yagachi bought four hours later. It was a lovely island with terraced hills and patches of tilled soil checkering the greenery. Well, I see you didn't believe it, that's Tabori. I wouldn't believe it. So close to Okinawa. Where are your people, Taki? Rome, we're over here. But you must not come. You go back now. Oh, no, I'm sticking around. How about you, Tabori? I came this far, I swear to God, just for last.  What do you mean? Well, that's just a figure of speech, Taki. Let's go. So there I was caught up in Lacey's dream when all the time I should have taken off at High Port for Okinawa. I should have known better, but I didn't and what you don't know can hurt you. Plenty. Hey, look at that cat, Tabori. I could eat her down in the hooves.  The trail is snaked upward. There were scarlet flowers and lilies in the swordgrass. All very nice, I suppose, but I was looking for people, the big men of Lacey's dream, the girls all as lovely as the girl beside us. I was tense with expectancy at each bend in the trail, but Lacey's tensions had all vanished. He lost them because he had found Taki. Robert, Lacey. No, Taki. My name's Lacey. Now, try it once more. Lacey, Taki. Hell, I can... This is a lily.   Tabori, I'm going to slug you.  You laugh nice, Taki. It is the first time in five years. It is the first time I am happy. Maybe you were waiting for me to make you happy, like I was waiting for you. What do you mean, Lacey? Well, I... I mean it... Well, here, this is for you. Why you give me flowers? Why, Taki? You don't know... I don't know how to say. You do not know me. I know you. I've been dreaming about you for two years. I knew I'd find you. Never forget what you say. I'll never let you forget. Lacey. Lacey, honey. Hell, I can love. We walked on together up the trail. A tall marine and a slim girl with the ivory skin with a flower in her hand. Now and then she'd look at the flower and then she'd look at Lacey in a pained expression with a cloud her face, although she didn't understand. I didn't either, but I had to find out. You know, it would be easier for you if you'd give me back my rifle. Don't worry about me. I'll get by. Well, we've got it licked. There's the summer. This is the highest point on Iogashi. See, down there, far away in Vari. Hey. Hey, look. Look at them. They're my people. I told you they were big men. How can you tell from this distance? Well, look how broad they are.  Hey, listen. Maybe it's what you call a ceremony or something, huh? It is. I bet they know we're coming. No. It's for the dead. What happened? A war? They're all not here.   It's just got to happen sooner or later. Never heard it's a well-pointed. Why don't you drop dead to boring? Let's go talk to them. Down the mountainside, down to a cape that jutted into the Pacific like a gnarled finger of doom. Far away we saw a village. We headed toward it through a sunless gorge. At the far end was a thatched hut. Looks like it's empty. As any fool could see. You wait here. I'll come back soon with Hetman. He speaks English good. Dabori, huh? You, uh...  No, I see. I just want one good look at your big men and beautiful women and their native habitat. I'm off for Okinawa.  There's something strange about this place. I want to know what it is. It's not strange. It's just different, like I said. You're all fouled up, Lacey, in a dream. I'm not sure what it's all about, but I gotta find out or it'll drive me crazy the rest of my life. You mean crazy like me? I didn't say that. You know, since we left Okinawa, you've been giving me a bad time. Well, that's mutual. Now you just call me crazy. I know what I said. I know what you think. I know what you'll do once you get back to Okinawa. You'll tell the MPs I went over the hill and you'll tell them where I am. They'll come after me. You are crazy.   Lacey, Lacey, stop kiddin' around with that rifle. I ain't kiddin'.  But first, you're gonna see I was right.   I'll get back in that corner. Keep him out shut. You the head man? I suppose you could call me that. His name is Hiroshi. What can I do for you? I... I wanna stay here with Taki. I'm afraid you cannot. I'll work my way. That is not the point. Look, I don't want no arguments out of you. You cannot stay. Well, why? She is a leper. She's so beautiful. Yes, I know my son. In three years? Five years? I tried to tell you, but I did not know how. And then I would not, even if I wanted to. I wanted it to one more hour, one more minute. They stood there facing each other. The tall marine and the girl with the ivory skin with the flowers still in her hand, are already beginning to wilt. Goodbye. Thank you. For the flowers. Hiroshi, what's this all about? It is quite simple. Two nights ago, the Japanese came to the leper colony. They took more than half my patients to Okinawa, headed toward the American island. Why? To disrupt your advance. There was no chance of contagion, but my patients do not all look as lovely as Taki. I see. Shreklikite. Exactly. A weapon of terror. Yeah. Don't worry. Yeah, Lacey. I guess we better move on. You ready, pal? Yeah. It's a long road back to Okinawa. For me, the road back is longer than that.


Good afternoon, and thank you for joining us for another episode of Kondo Insider. And our show is one for people who live and work in condos. And today, we're going to be talking about employment laws that would affect associations. And we have our go-to person, John Konorek, attorney John Konorek. And thank you, John, for being our guest today. Thank you. Why don't you tell us a little bit about yourself? No. I'm an managing partner at a law firm called Torkelson Cats. I've been practicing management employment law for about 35 years in Hawaii. And I do a lot of work with condominium associations. So I know the difficulty that you have spending your free time as homeowners managing people and the property. And there are a couple of laws and issues that have arisen this year, one from our state legislature and one from the federal government that I think might impact how we operate. And how are associations affected by these laws? Well, the first law involves what you can and cannot ask applicants for employment and also restricts what you can and cannot require them to do with regard to information about compensation. And that was Senate Bill 2351. That is. Senate Bill 2351 became Act 108. Yeah. And it's called the Equal Pay Act, I think. Well, that's what they call it. And the purpose of the bill essentially was to further equal pay and employment by excluding consideration of possibly discriminatory past payment practices. So we know that women make less than men on average throughout the country. And we know some minorities on average make less per hour than non-minorities. And as a result, there's been an effort across the country in different jurisdictions to limit the kind of information employers can consider in setting a wage rate or salary for a new hire. Well, how would this come about? I mean, when would the employer even be asking the job applicant? So most job application forms have a portion that asks for your employment history. And there's a section in there that says, what were you making? What was your salary? So you can't ask that anymore. That will be forbidden. So beginning January 1, 2019, all employers in Hawaii are prohibited from asking any applicant for employment what their prior compensation has been. It also prohibits any employment agency or agent of an employer from doing any kind of background check to determine what an applicant's compensation or benefits were in their past employment. It doesn't forbid you from asking questions about sales figures or productivity or things like that, objective measures of performance. But it does prohibit any inquiry into an applicant's prior compensation history. And why is that? Well, the idea is that if I know that you are making X dollars in your prior employment, I'm only going to offer you a little bit more than that to get you to come to work for me.  So as the prospective employer and associations are employers? Absolutely. They're the legal employer of most of their employees, although you do have management companies that assist you in managing your employees and help you in the process of hiring, the legal employer is the association. And many times, boards and directors get involved in talking to resident managers that they hire or operations managers or general managers or site managers. So that means that the board members can't be asking these kinds of questions? Probably not. You're right. A board member could not ask any questions about prior compensation. So before you start the process of finding a new resident manager, you're going to have to decide how much are we willing to pay. Now you can ask an applicant what your salary expectation is, but not how much you are making at your prior employer. I see. Okay. Now it goes beyond that though. Okay. So that's the first part of the law. The first part of the law says, thou shalt not ask applicants how much they were making. The second part of the law says, all employees have the right to talk to one another about how much they're making. So what happens now is many employers think it's okay to tell employees, you know what, our salary information is confidential, don't discuss it. Well, the National Labor Relations Board has said you can't do that, but still a lot of people think you can. This law makes it absolutely clear that under Hawaii's discrimination laws, employees have the absolute right to share with other employees how much they're making, what their benefits are, and compare notes. And the reason for that is the legislature believes that by allowing employees to freely share how much they make with one another, that will eliminate some biases in how pay is practiced. Now, you know, you either believe or don't believe that there's inherent bias in setting of compensation, and the legislature apparently does. And so they pass this law to make it easier for employees to say, hey, Jane, how much are you making? And Jane says, well, I'm making $10 an hour. Gee, that's funny. They're only paying me $8 an hour. I think I'm being discriminated against because I'm a man. And that may give me the opportunity to use the information I get from coworkers about their compensation to pursue legal claims on equal pay, gender discrimination, race discrimination, and compensation. But doesn't the compensation depend on your skills and how long you've been working for that particular employer? It should. And maybe you've done some extra work. And the idea behind the law is that this is going to guarantee that that's all it's based on and not prior compensation history. Oh, it seems like it would be counterintuitive. Now, there's some exceptions. Let me go back to the applicant question. I told you that you can ask an applicant what your expectation is. So that's legit. And then once that's discussed, then you can say, well, we're only willing to offer this or, OK, we can meet that, but not asking questions about their past compensation. On the other hand, if an applicant voluntarily tells you, I was making $50,000 at my prior employer, so I want to make at least $55,000, then it's open door. Once they voluntarily disclose what their prior compensation is, then you can use that to set their new compensation. I see. OK. So there's that exception if it's a voluntary disclosure. But you can imagine how many cases somebody will say, I didn't voluntarily disclose that. They asked me. So you have to be very careful not to ask and train and make sure all board members are aware of that if they're involved in the hiring process. And if you're letting your general manager or somebody in your organization hire people, make sure they understand that come January 1, it will be absolutely illegal to ask that question. And the Hawaii Civil Rights Commission and our state law makes it illegal to ask a question even though you don't discriminate on the basis of what you learn from that question. Employers have been fined $10,000 and $20,000 just for asking an inappropriate question. So is the Civil Rights Commission going to be involved? I believe so. Yes. It's a part of our employment discrimination law. So that means that the employee who feels discriminated against can go to the Civil Rights Commission. Right, a file acclaim. And file a claim and get investigated. Say, I was asked my compensation history. Then you're going to have to say, I didn't ask, they voluntarily disclosed. Then you go to battle over that. So how can you protect yourself? Make sure you train all of your boards. Make sure you train all of the people that do hiring for your condominium that they do not ask and that they can always go back and say, we know what the law is. We were trained. We understand what our limitations are. But let me go to the second part of this law too. So while I said employees have the right to share that compensation information, nothing requires you to disclose that. So if an employee comes up to the HR person or the general manager and say, I want to know how much my coworkers are making, you don't have to tell them. But if one of your internal employees that knows that information, let's say an administrative assistant sees that compensation history and they share it with employees, arguably this law protects that person from disclosing information even though their job might be to keep it confidential. There's nothing in the law that has an exclusion for employees whose job it is to keep compensation information confidential. Okay. And so would that apply to, you know, a lot of the associations use the management companies to assist in the hiring process? So that would include the staff of management companies. So the management companies have to now change their property managers? Oh, yes. Oh, yes. And that's already begun. All the property management companies that I work with are aware of this law and are in the process of making sure their property managers and the individuals within their organizations that do any hiring know not to ask prior application or prior compensation history and understand that employees have the right to talk about it with one another. And so, I mean, so how would a claim be made by a person who talks to another employee about their compensation? I think I was fired because I talked about my compensation with somebody else. My boss told me he doesn't want me talking about the raise I just got and I went and told somebody about the raise and he got mad at me and fired me for disclosing what he told me to keep confidential. So you have to remember this all feeds into work rules and policies of companies. So if an association believes it's important to keep compensation information confidential, you can't do that any longer. So that you have to go through your administrator rules and maybe policies to see if any of that stuff is there. Yep. Yep. And that's the first thing. Everybody should be starting to look through their handbooks and policies. If you use a management company, many of the management companies have already updated their handbooks or will be shortly to make sure it doesn't include any limitations on employees talking about their compensation. But if you haven't been updating your handbook annually, I really recommend that you do that particularly this year for the reason that this law takes effect January 1 and you want to make sure that nothing in your handbook restricts employees from talking to one another about compensation. That's point one. But there's a whole other law that's applicable that's creating a lot of stir as well. While this law restricts things on a state level, there are laws on a federal level that apply to condominium associations that are being loosened or being made easier for employers. There's an organization, a federal agency, called the National Labor Relations Board. Most people know that organization as the one that manages union elections and union issues and things like that, and they do that. But they also administer a law that applies to all employees whether or not you're unionized. So most condominium associations are not unionized, so you kind of forgot about this law until the last eight years during the Obama administration when the National Labor Relations Board went on a campaign to expand the protections for non-union employees to engage in what's called protected concerted activity. Protected concerted activity under the National Labor Relations Act means that I am joining together in some way. I'm reaching out or trying to get other employees to join with me to complain about working conditions. So part of the issue is if I go to my boss and say, Bill and I were talking in the lunch room. We think we're underpaid with like a dollar raise. That's protected concerted activity. Also is protected concerted activity.  He keeps me working extra hours and doesn't pay me overtime. That's protected concerted activity. Those comments, those behaviors are protected under a federal law. And if you were to discipline an employee or terminate them, the National Labor Relations Board could issue a complaint in order that person reinstated with back pay. You'd also have to post a notice that says, I violated the law and I violated employees' rights and I promise never to do that again. Why don't we just hold that thought because we're going to take a break now and then we'll come back and we're going to explain how we deal with this. So we're going to take a break now and we'll be back with John Connork and learn more about how we can stay out of trouble by complying with labor laws that affect associations. My name is Stephanie Mock and I'm one of three hosts of Think Tech Hawaii's Hawaii Food and Farmer series. Our other hosts are Matt Johnson and Pamai Weigert and we talk to those who are in the fields and behind the scenes of our local food system. We talk to farmers, chefs, restaurateurs and more to learn more about what goes into sustainable agriculture here in Hawaii. We are on at Thursdays at 4 p.m. and we hope we'll see you next time. Okay, thank you for joining us. We're back with John Connork and we're talking about labor issues and you were talking about this NLRB, the rules. So some people don't even know who the NLRB are. There are five member board in Washington D.C. appointed by the president and as you can imagine, if they're appointed by the president, who sits on that board is going to change depending on who's in the White House. So for the past eight years, the Obama administration appointed members of the National Labor Relations Board that were more protective of employers' rights. Since Trump has taken office, he's appointing more Republicans who are more protective of business interests. So for the last eight years, the National Labor Relations Board has made it a point of protecting employees' complaining about working conditions and telling employers that if you have a rule that in any way could possibly chill an employee's exercise of that right, like scare them into thinking they can't do that. It's illegal and we'll strike it down and anybody can complain about it and we will file a complaint and make you post the notice that says you have to change it and you're not going to violate the rules anymore.  If they point to an illegal rule they get a second election. But the most important thing is you don't want to fire somebody for violating a rule that's illegal. So we have to go through our rules to determine whether they're legal. So for the last eight years, employers have been changing their rules to comply with these greater protections. Well, what's happened is the National Labor Relations Board with a new, newly constituted board that's more business friendly has said, we're going to change all that. We're going to go back to allowing employers greater discretion to kind of control employee behavior. And the old rule basically said if it could feasibly interfere with employees exercising those protected rights, it's an illegal rule. Now the new general counsel, the big attorney for the National Labor Relations Board has said ahead of time, look, we're giving up that old test. The board issued a new test that says we're going to balance the interests of the two parties. So we're going to look at what is the business interest for this work rule and what's the protected conduct that might be affected. And if the business interest outweighs the protected conduct, we're going to let's say it's an OK rule. So they issued basically a memorandum that broke work conduct rules into three categories. They said these are rules that are going to be OK. We'll give them the green light. These are rules that, well, it depends on how they're written. So we'll give that a yellow light. And rules that cover these areas we're going to have to look at carefully, and they may or may not violate the law. And then they said here's a set of rules that are always illegal. That's the red light. You can't have those rules. Or they violate the National Labor Relations Act. The good news is most of the activity over the last year has been in the green light area now. And they basically said work rules that cover areas such as civility, workplace civility, no recording of photographing rules, rules against insubordination, non-cooperation with supervisors, disruptive behavior rules, rules protecting confidential business information, rules against defamation misrepresentation, rules against employees using employer logos or intellectual property, rules requiring authorization to speak for the company, and rules regarding disloyalty, and epitism, or some kind of self-dealing. Those are going to be OK from now on. Previously, the NLRB has struck down enormous number of rules from every major corporation in the country. So civility rules used to be, under the old law, that I can't be rude to my co-employees. If I had that as a work rule, oh, you can't have that. That interferes with the employees vigorously exercising their Section 7 rights. So a work rule that said you have to treat your co-workers civilly and can't be rude was found to be illegal.  You get to be rude, because if you're engaging in protected activity. More importantly, the board says that rule itself, even if you don't enforce it, is illegal. So now what we know is the board has said we're not going to take that position anymore. And in a balancing of interests, workplace civility rules that say you can't be rude to co-workers are OK again. Now, one of the things you have to realize is most companies, you go through cycles of revising your handbook. If anybody's revised their handbook rules in the last eight years, now's the time to revise them again, because what we did in the last eight years was pair back on these rules because of the board saying that you had to allow employees to engage in some abusive bad behavior because it would interfere with their protected rights. Now the board is saying no, no, no, no. You can have those work rules. Now, you cannot apply those work rules in a way that limits your Section 7 rights. These are the protected concert activity. So if an employee complains about their wages, I can't fire them because I think they're rude. They're engaged in protected activity. But I can fire another employee who's rude for some other reason. So employers have to understand their work rules they can have so they can regulate behavior in the workplace better than they used to be able to. But you have to go back and redo your rules. You have to go back and look through all of your rules that were modified over the last eight years and determine whether they fit within one of these nine categories. And if so, you can go back to older language that gave employers more authority and more control over what happens in the workplace. But the NLRB, which you said is a federal, it's a federal organization in Washington, DC. How can it control what an association sets up rules for its employees here in Hawaii? There's a sub-regional office here in Honolulu. And anybody can call up the NLRB here in the local office and ask them to file a complaint on an issue. And they review it. And they say, yep, we're going to file a complaint. And then you'll get a letter from the NLRB and a call that says, we need you to come in here. We've got a problem with your work rules. Oh, that doesn't, that doesn't sound like fun. And if nothing else, even if it's just to change your work rule, that costs you time and money. Right? You're going to have to hire an attorney. You're going to have to spend your time dealing with this. So the whole idea here is we want people to be aware that the rules have changed, gives you more authority to do things with your workers in the workplace. But in order to do that, you need to look at your work rules and say, OK, we can now say things that we couldn't say before that give us a better idea and a better control over how employees treat one another, how employees treat company information, what employees can say to the media about us or to third parties about us. So you can go back to a time when you had better ability to regulate bad behavior in the workplace. Earlier when you were talking about some of the behavior that was OK, you were talking about people making comments on their Facebook page. Yep. So now under this new regime, is that going to be permitted? Employees cannot be critical or demeaning to coworkers. However, they can still be demeaning and critical of their employer. So remember what I said. What's protected is the employee's effort to improve their working conditions.  It makes me work too much over time. That's protected concerted activity.   He doesn't help me do my job. I can't stand working with him. I could discipline you for being rude to your co-workers undermining morale and being uncooperative. So I can discipline you for being posting something that's rude to a co-worker. But I can't discipline you for posting something that's rude and offensive about your supervisor. But this brings up a whole new area. Because in the old days, before Facebook, I mean, people would talk to each other and say things. And you might hear through rumors that so and so says.  Well, right. But I mean, one of the things that's important to most businesses is that their employees work cooperatively together. And if you know that somebody you work with has posted stink stuff about you on Facebook, you're not going to feel really good about working with them. So most businesses want to tell employees, don't talk stink about your co-workers on Facebook. And we can enforce that rule now. Before, there were more limitations on being able to discipline an employee for saying negative things about co-workers. They still are able to say negative things about their boss and about the company or about the association in your example. And with no consequences. Right. But most, again, this is one of those areas where the manager, particularly, who is going to issue any kind of discipline and apply these rules of conduct, has to understand what's protected and what's not protected. Because the work rules now are going to be broader and allow us to discipline employees for bad conduct, but we still can't discipline them for protected conduct. So the managers that you hire have to be knowledgeable in this area and consult with their management companies to make sure that they're taking appropriate disciplinary action and not violating any of the laws. I mean, this goes to all the different laws, but this one in particular allows employees to engage in this protected, concerted activity concept. And a lot of the associations, I mean, they rely a lot on their management companies. And are the management companies getting information and actually telling their associations that they've got to update their rules on this type of? I know several that are currently in the process of updating their rules based on what we're talking about today to give more authority to associations. And all of the management companies that I've worked with, which are most in town, are aware of all these laws and changes. And so right now, I mean, if people are watching the show, a lot of them are board members. So what would you suggest that the board members do ask their? Ask their property management company to review their handbook to make sure they have up-to-date work rules that'll give them the greatest authority over the workforce that they want. Without so that they don't get into trouble? So they don't get into trouble by having illegal work rules and that they take advantage of the loosening of the law to have greater rights over their employees, particularly if they've modified their work rules in the past eight years. OK, and so now we know that the associations have to look out for not only the Civil Rights Commission, but now we've got to watch out for the NLRB. Oh, you do. I mean, I've told this before, but there are more. Most people hear this concept of at will.  It saves me from any liability. If you're at will, I can fire you and there's no consequence. That's completely untrue. The at will doctrine is simply a contractual theory that says I have no contractual rights greater than an at will employee. That means I can be fired for any reason at any time as long as it's not an illegal reason. And illegal reasons are still applicable to all at will employees. You cannot discriminate against an at will based on their race, sex, religion, national origin. You cannot fire an at will employee for a reason that violates public policy. You cannot retaliate against an at will employee because they reported something illegal or took protected leave and all those kind of things. So the point of it is at will is not a protection any longer. There are too many laws that give employees protections and rights beyond at will status. And what the takeaway, I guess, for the board members who are listening is that they have to be aware of this and make sure that they consult with their property management companies to make sure that they are aware of this. And then they should call you or somebody who does the same type of law as you do to assist them. I agree entirely. I think at this point, given these two changes in the law, every board should be asking their property manager, is our handbook up to date? Are we complying with the new Equal Pay Law? And are our work rules compliant with current board law? OK, well, thank you very much for being with us today and sharing your information with us. And to our viewers, I ask you to tune in next week. And we're going to be talking about giving access to elected or candidates for elected office to your building. And this is something I feel very, very important because we got to get condominium owners involved in their community. So thank you for joining us today. And please join us next week for our show on access to condominiums. Thank you, Jay. Thank you.


So, let us start looking at the notion of a metric space. So, X is a non-empty set and D is a function on X cross X to non-negative real numbers. So, X, Y goes to D, X, Y. But the following properties, one, the distance, we call it as D as the distance is always bigger than or equal to 0, equal to 0 if and only if X is equal to Y. Distance between X and Y is same as the distance between Y and X. In the third property, the distance between X, Y is less than the distance between X, Z plus distance between Z, Y. For all X, Y and Z belonging to, so this is symmetric and this is triangle inequality. So, essentially this is modeled on, so let us look at examples. The motivating example was that X is the real line and D X Y is mod of X minus Y. So, the idea was that this notion of distance gives you the idea of saying something is close to two points or close to each other and gave us many concepts on real line. So, let us look at some more. For example, let X be any non-empty set and define D on X cross X. So, let us define D X Y is equal to, it is to be 0 anyway when X is equal to Y and let us put it equal to 1 if X is not equal to Y. So, distance between any two points is defined to be 0 if of course X is equal to Y and two distinct points the distance is defined to be equal to 1. So, easy to check that obviously it is symmetric non-negative 0 if and only if X is equal to Y and D X Y is less than or equal to the triangle inequality is again obvious because the right hand side could be either 0 or bigger than 1. So, obviously it is a metric. So, any set has got this kind of a metric called discrete metric. So, this is called a discrete metric on any set. Not very interesting, but in some way let us look at some more. We had let us take X is equal to R 2 and let us take a point X Y belonging to R 2. In the real line we had the notion of absolute value of a number and that was the distance of the point from 0. So, in R 2 let us introduce that. So, the distance of the point X Y from 0. So, let us so that is X square plus Y square called the norm of the vector with components X Y. We would like to check that this has properties similar to that of absolute value function in R. So, meaning what? 1, the norm of we will be using underline X for the vector with components X and Y is bigger than or equal to 0 and it is equal to 0 if and only if the vector X is the 0 vector. Let us look at the second one that says that if I multiply a vector by alpha then this is mod alpha times absolute value. Absolute value of A B is equal to absolute value A into absolute value B and the third property namely X plus Y is less than plus the triangle inequality property for all X Y belonging to R 2. One way of looking at that would be that actually if you look at a triangle in R 2 with sides X and Y then the hypotenuse the length is less than or equal to or triangle inequality any two sides the sum of any two sides is bigger than. Let us try to prove it analytically. I would like to prove this that for any two vectors this is so. Let us try to introduce something which is interesting in its own respect. So, what is called the dot product in R 2? Given X 1, Y 1 and X 2, Y 2 belonging to R 2 one defines the dot product. So, of this X 1, Y 1 product X 2, Y 2 to be equal to sigma X 1, X 2 plus Y 1. In fact, it will be a good idea to prove it for all not only R 2. Let us prove it for R n. But anyway, we will do it a bit later probably. So, this is called the dot product in R 2. What is the, why we want to define that? So, dot product, if I look at dot product of X dot X itself that is X 1, Y 1 dot product with X 1, Y 1 that is sigma X i square i equal to 1 to 2 and that is norm of X square. So, that is the most interesting thing that happens. It relates the dot product with the notion of magnitude or absolute value of a vector. I have written X i. So, let me, because I have used a different notation here. So, let me write that because components are, so it is X 1 square plus Y 1 square. So, that is equal to norm X square, where X has components X 1 and Y 1. So, this dot product is related with the distance in this following way. It also has interesting properties. So, let me write some properties of dot product. Let me write the dot product as a function. So, here the function R 2 cross R 2 to R. So, how is it defined? It is a dot product. I am just using a different notation, so that things become very clear. So, for a vector X and a vector Y, it is the dot product of X with Y for every X, Y belonging to R 2. For any two vectors X and Y, the dot product is this notation I am using. So, with this notation, it is called the inner product. Dot product is also called inner product. It is the product of a vector with itself. So, why we are doing this? The reason is the following. So, you can treat it as a function of two variables X and Y. X belongs to R 2, Y belonging to R 2. So, the properties R 1 is always bigger than R equal to 0, equal to 0 if and only if X is equal to 0. That is obvious that we have already seen that. Or anyway, because it is sigma X i square, so that is 0 means each component must be equal to 0. Second, let us take two vectors X and Y. So, let us take vectors X, Y and Z belonging to R 2 and let us look at the vectors X plus Y, Z. So, what is that equal to? So, that will be components of this will be sigma X i plus Y i and comma that will be Z i. So, product distributes over addition. So, this is same as X comma Z plus Y comma Z. So, saying in the first component, if I add and take the dot product is same as the sum of the dot products and third property. In fact, I can write here alpha X Z is same as alpha times X Z. The multiplying scalar comes out in the dot product because sigma X i, so alpha will come out from the sum. Fourth property, X Y is same as Y X. It is symmetric. Dot product of X with Y is same as dot product of Y with X and fourth and fifth. Similarly, this combined with the second combined with this one will give you that X comma Y plus Z is same as X plus Y, sorry X comma Y plus X comma Z. So, essentially what we are saying is positive definite. The first property, it is linear in the first variable as well as in the second variable and it is symmetric. Linearity because of alpha also comes out. So, it is a linear thing. We will come to the generalizations a bit later. So, let us say it has obviously these properties. So, proofs are obvious or easy to verify just ordinary algebra. And of course, we had that fact namely X dot X is equal to norm of X square. What we want to do is prove a property of this which is very important called Cauchy which was inequality. So, what does it say? It says if I take vectors X and Y belonging to R2 and I look at the dot product of XY, that is a real number. Take its absolute value that is always less than or equal to norm of X square into norm of X. There are many ways of proving it. Let us look at a way which we analyze it to everything. So, let us prove of this. Look at X plus Y, X plus Y, the vector X plus Y, X plus Y and look at the norm square of that. That is always bigger than or equal to 0. Let us write this in terms of the dot product. So, this is X plus Y, X plus Y, norm square is equal to the dot product of the vector with itself. So, let us expand it using linearity.  So, that is equal to norm of X square 2 times. That will not lead it to bigger than or equal to 0. Let us just keep it as 1. This will not give us the required thing. Let me just look at it. So, one way of this would not lead to the proof, but just keep it as it is. There is one obvious way of looking at it, but that requires the knowledge of saying that the dot product A and B is norm A, norm B into cos theta. But how does that formula come? So, I am just debating about that. This is another way. Let us just look at this proof. One can use calculus also. We will do the calculus proof later. So, we want to prove this inequality that the dot product less than equal to norm U norm V. Obviously, if either U or V is 0, then both sides are 0. So, no problem. So, let us assume both of them are not 0 and divide U by norm of U. So, define a new vector called U dash and V dash.  I can divide by it. So, what will be the norm of U dash? That is one norm. Norm of V dash also is equal to 1.  So, that is a vector we should look at. So, are you able to follow from here or shall I write it up? So, let me write probably. So, we had what we had written x and y. So, let us keep it x and y. x and y are vectors. So, we want to prove norm of is less than or equal to norm x. So, let us. So, if x is equal to 0 or y is equal to 0, then left hand side is equal to 0 equal to right hand side. So, no problem. So, let x not equal to 0, y not equal to 0. So, this is a key thing. So, let us write x minus x, y, y and product with itself. So, x minus x, y. So, what is this quantity? On one hand, this is equal to norm of x minus x, y times y square, norm of that square. Same vector with dot product with itself, which is bigger than or equal to 0. On the other hand, let us expand this. What is it equal to? So, this is x comma x, first term minus x comma x, y, y. So, it will be two times. x, x, first term and then x with this one, x with itself and then x comma minus, so that we have taken. So, this one. So, that minus sign. So, minus x, y, y, x plus algebra. So, last term will be minus plus. So, fourth term will be minus plus. So, x, y, y comma x, y. We will have four terms. First term, x with itself, that is, x comma x dot product. Second term will be taken x with the second term here. So, that will be x comma this with a negative sign, negative alpha comes out and x will be minus of that thing with respect to, is that okay? So, minus x, y, y that is x and this thing. So, that is equal to norm of x square minus two times x. So, x, y. So, let me write x, y and y. So, this term and this term together. So, minus two plus. So, this is norm of x, y. So, this is a scalar comes out. So, norm of x square minus two times x, y. And this is another scalar. So, that is into x, y. One scalar comes out and the same thing plus x, y square norm of y square. The scalar comes out x, y square and norm of y square. This is also same quantity. So, let us write x square minus twice of that same quantity. So, let us write if norm x is equal to 1 is equal to norm y. Then what do we get? In case, so that is what we are looking at 1 minus. So, this will be x, y. So, x, y, x, y square. So, you can write square plus. Yeah, that is all. No? Let us go back and see what we are writing is. So, I am looking at this vector x minus dot product of x with y times y. This is a scalar. This is a scalar times y. So, I am looking at a x minus a scalar times y norm of that. So, that is bigger than or equal to 0. So, that will be equal to dot product of this vector with itself. Now, open this. This is this minus this plus dot product of this minus. This is a linearity. That will give you four terms. So, what will be the first term? Dot product of x with itself. So, that is the first term here. Second term will be dot product of x with negative of this thing. So, that negative sign I have taken it out. So, dot product of x with that vector. Other will be the switch to over negative sign. So, two cross terms and then the last one will be the dot product of this vector with itself. So, this vector with itself, four terms. Now, let us simplify. The first one is norm of x square. This term is same as this because of symmetry and this scalar comes out. So, it is two times norm x dot product of x with y and y. So, that is these two terms are combined together to give you this two times that. And the last one is the dot norm of dot product of x, y, y. Let us simplify that a bit further. So, this scalar comes out as square norm of y square. So, this is this term. Now, let us assume norm x is equal to 1 and norm y is equal to 1. So, what do you get? So, this quantity is 1. This is 2 times and this is 1 here. So, it is only minus 1 times this. So, what does and this is bigger than or equal to 0. So, that is what we said. This is bigger than or equal to 0. So, implies that norm of x, y square is less than or equal to 1. And what is 1? You can write as norm of x norm of y because norm x we assume to be 1. So, what we are saying is this proof works very well when norm x is equal to 1, norm y is equal to 1. If not, then what you will do? We have already seen if not, you can divide x by norm x, y by norm y. So, if x, y not equal to 0, the same thing will give you norm x over norm x, y over norm y. Now, both are of norm 1. So, if I take dot product, this will be less than norm x over is less than or equal to 1. That means, dot product of x, y is less than or equal to norm of x into norm of x. That is all. So, basically the idea is take that linear combination namely and expand it to one side. It is bigger than or equal to 0, other side by using the property of the dot product. So, this proves Cauchy-Schwarz inequality. So, what I wanted to do was using that. So, this is not required in Cauchy-Schwarz inequality. So, let me remove from here. So, let us remove it from here. Cauchy-Schwarz we have proved. So, let us prove now what is the property that norm of x plus y is less than or equal to norm x plus norm y for every x, y belonging to y dot. So, proof that is what the other thing we should be looking at. So, we are trying to prove that the norm of x plus y is less than or equal to norm x plus norm y. So, let us compute it. Square is the dot product with itself and that is equal to this. We are computing the norm of x plus y. So, write it as a dot product, expand. So, you get this. Now, the idea is this is less than or equal to norm of x square plus norm of y square mod of 2 times inner product. So, that is less than or equal to 2 times norm x norm y by Cauchy-Schwarz inequality.  So, that implies that norm of x plus norm of y is less than norm x plus. So, finally, what we are saying is that norm or the magnitude in R2 also has the property similar to that of absolute value function.