When choosing a career, there's a lot more to it than just salary. You have to consider the type of work you'll be doing, career advancement opportunities, both vertically and laterally, the work-life balance, and so much more. As I was choosing my specialization for engineering, it took me nearly a year to put together that mining engineering could be the right choice for me. So without further ado, here are the pros and cons of mining engineering, based on my perspective. Mining is a uniquely specialized discipline. It is a fast-paced, operational-focused career for those that are seeking something more adventurous than a typical office job. Any work experience you accumulate in the industry will count towards building career capital, whether you spend your internship working as a truck driver, mind planner, mind geologist, because ultimately you're still working at a mine, and all those experience will be relevant for whatever position you choose to enter on later in your career. Whereas if you choose a broader specialization such as mechanical engineering, the variety of opportunities you have from the aviation industry to the automotive industry make each opportunity a little less connected since you're dipping in all these different areas. What also makes mining engineering different from other careers is that there is a strong focus on operations. If you like working in a dynamic fast-paced environment, then a career in mining may be right for you since there is always something going on and there are always continuous improvement initiatives that could be looked at. Number two is that there's a variety of careers to choose from. Even within the mining industry, there are many careers that you can choose from with a degree in mining engineering. Most people work as mind planners where they make mind plans and create a mining schedule for the operations team to execute. Even within mind planning, it is typically divided into short, medium, and long-range planning. And all of those roles will require slightly different skill sets. However, there are many other roles they can possibly go into such as metallurgist, geotechnical engineer, tailings planning, autonomous haul track planner, management dispatch engineer, OEM manufacturers, drill and blast engineer, health and safety, research and development, academia, and so much more. Make sure you also watch my videos six careers engineers can pivot into besides engineering to get a full picture of these careers. Number three is the opportunity to work internationally. A career in mining can take you to countries all around the world, including Canada, USA, Mexico, Chile, Mongolia, Australia, Sweden, Finland, and so much more. Basically, whichever country there is in mind, you have the opportunity to work there. Number four is the opportunity to spend time working outdoors. As a mining engineer, one of your most important tasks is to go on few tours. Depending on the company and role you work for, you could be spending a few hours every day or every week, or maybe once a year working outside and just observing how your designs are being constructed with your own eyes.  Number five is great pay. Check out the salary inside report from Glassdoor Canada. And depending on the company you work for, adding in the bonuses and other pay incentives could lend you a six figure job straight out of university. There are also many online reports that can give you an estimate of earnings as you gain more experience, such as this tool here from pay scale. There are fairly few careers out there that will pay better once you translate the annual pay into dollars per hour. And they're not just talking about engineering. Number six is shift work. Some roles will allow you to work a schedule different than the typical Monday to Friday. Some typical schedules include seven days on, seven days off for 12 hours per shift. Another typical one is the 14 14 for 12 hours per shift. Another common one is the four days on three days off for 10 hours per shift. And there are many more schedules available depending on the mind that you work for.  I have a friend who's a mining engineer and she pretty much visits the new country every two weeks. And I'm living it precariously through her Instagram stories. Moving on to the cons. The first one is living in small towns or mining camps. This is a downside for those that are fairly used to the plethora of entertainment and food options available in a big city. Not only that, but you most likely have to move away from most of your friends and family to a new time that you've probably never been to, unless you did your internship there. However, if some of your favorite hobbies include outdoor activities, then a career in mining is almost always a plus for you, since you're most likely already in a remote location in the great outdoors. When choosing a job or career, the time you spend outside of work is equally as important as the time you spend at work. So do take this consciously if living in a big city is important for you. Personally, I live in a mining town called Fort McMurray and spend my time after work on gaming, learning a new skill, exercising and volunteering. And that usually keeps me pretty busy during weekdays after work. On weekends, I can look towards going to skiing at a nearby ski hill, hitting up a bar of friends, or going to community events. Although you most likely start your career in a mining town, there will be opportunities to work in major mining hubs around the world, such as Calgary, Vancouver, Toronto, Perth, Sydney, London, Melbourne, Johannesburg, as you gain more seniority. The roads located in cities are generally reserved for the more experienced engineers who have at least five to 10 years of experience, though it is possible for you to start your career in a major city. Regardless of where you end up, it will always be up to you to make the most out of your situation. Number two is that mining is a cyclical industry. The mining industry goes through a cycle of boom and bust, where boom is a good times and bust is a bad times. The boom and bust cycle is mainly a function of the commodity price. When your commodity price is good, the industry does well, which leads to higher higher rates and better pay. And the opposite happens when the commodity price is poor. Although I have only seen a fairly limited amount of this boom and bust cycle while working in the industry, for example, the bus year in 2016, and now 2020 due to COVID-19, I've only seen one person being let go. And from my experience so far, it is usually the graduating class and not people that are already in the industry that are hit the hardest due to these boom and bust cycles. With that said, there is hardly any career that is recession proof. So this con may not be exclusive to the mining industry. Okay, so there you have it. This is my tips on the pros and cons of a career in mining engineering. Ultimately, a career in mining engineering may not be the right career for everyone. And so you have to make that decision for yourself. Even though I went through six pros and two cons for some people, living in a small town is enough to be a deal breaker. So I would suggest you talk to as many mining engineers as you can before you make a decision. Lastly, if you want to learn more about a career in the mining industry, I'll be putting up a video on a day in the life of a mining engineer to give you guys a better idea of what we do day to day. So make sure you subscribe to my channel so you don't miss that. That's it for this video. And we'll see you on the next one.


The paper compares three different methods for land surface temperature, LST, inversion from Landsat 8 thermal infrared sensor, TIRS, including radiative transfer equation-based, split-window algorithm and single-channel method. The radiative transfer equation-based method using band 10 has the highest accuracy with RMSE lower than 1K, while the SW algorithm has moderate accuracy and the SC method has the lowest accuracy. This article was authored by Xiaoliu, Shilingua, and Xiaotsong Wu.


We have not come here to go see. We have not come here to go see. We want change! We want change! We want change! Confusion characterised the stance of business district in Musaka Wednesday as minister of local government and rural development garing combo was conducting an inspection and gave a directive for all street vendors to vacate with immediate effect. Local authorities have been fighting running battles with street vendors as they have been chased various times but have seen their way back to the streets. Many argue that the issue has been politicised as no one seems to temper with the street vendors during election time. The demand for them to vacate has not sat well with the street vendors who have accused the United Party for National Development, UPND of backtracking from its premises of bettering the lives of Zambians. The street vendors have produced receipts as evidence that the pair levies to the council stating that markets are full and they have nowhere to trade from. They should have given a notice to the people at least for three months. Let's look at how the economy is now. Our economy is not very fine. So we have to give our people a chance to trade in the streets. They were supposed to give them three to four months from now up to next year. That's when they can give them, they are supposed to give them notice. They have to notify the people in advance. Let us give people in the streets up to next year. Irekerereku, ifetinawa na tina mafamidi, reka masevenza, ifetinawa na kukutika, ma mati usabuandi, ma zikumdu kava e ma mati unika. Na kwa sa promisi? Promisi. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. Isipo. pida mahtu Reynoldsu na mikiwe. Pila mahtu Piliu hizellsu hivizi kufinia ya nama. Kwa mtisha na ikibu taleyo pa kutusikia? K trenia jupita mahtu, jupita mahtu taleyo. Ako kina na kumitia, mahtu kutu taleyo pa kutusikia wakandu. Niniwa hiwasi, kwa nita mahtu, wakandu. Siku nga wa mimi tam? Oma posi majsi kisha hizi nga biha kiititi na posi That's why it's difficult Kam kiilo wewa Kampira Okuswa For now, no street vendor is expected to be seen As local authority police have been directed to confiscate property belonging to the street vendors Just to keep me saying I have a problem, she knows that we are at the street. Please tell us why. She is the one interested. One, before two of you broke the legs of the man, we felt that they were fine with us. We were delighted. Before it happened, we did not have a problem. That was the first time. No wonder there is the council. Whatever council they said, we bide. Infact we pay in my five quarts every day. So we don't allow the movement of Garinkumbo. We want Garinkumbo and the council to work together. At least let them give us a time. If they give us a time, we are going to come out from the street. You see? Not today. Come out from the street. Where are you going? We are not yet open. City market is a big market. But every stand there is already the owners. Where are we going to go? Minister of Local Government, Garinkumbo, confirmed asking the vendors to leave the central business district. That is true. Hello? Yes, that is true. Okay, I'm honorable. What is the plan for these street vendors? Okay, and when will they be taken there?


Thank you very much again for participating in our first GASTA and we'll see you this evening or now at the AGM. All right, fantastic, we're going to get straight on the way with the AGM and I'm going to hand over to our president, Martin Weller, to open the proceedings. So please, before Martin gets us underway, make sure you sign in. This is an important part of our annual governance. Signing in sheets are going round. Also voting cards are going round. If you are a member, there will be instructions on the screen on how to vote at each resolution and you should have a card to vote with. My colleagues here from the staff team will help you vote. If you're not sure how or you're not sure if you're eligible, we have a list to check. So thank you very much for joining us at the AGM this afternoon. Also, just before we get underway, we're looking for two people to volunteer to be tell us at the AGM and count votes. I have one volunteer. Thank you very much, James. Any other volunteers? Elizabeth, perfect. Thank you very much. So Elizabeth and James will be the tellers. During the voting, please, could you get up the front and then you can count your own vote? No, I'm okay here. We're okay. We'll go from here. Okay. Okay. Hi, everyone. So thanks for coming to the AGM. I can't promise it's going to be quite as fun to interact with. Thanks for coming. I'm also going to stand up next and welcome to people from other organizations. So, okay. I'm from ETAG in Canada. Tom and Ilta Vowd from Ireland. Tam did chose to join us from the European Association for Technology Cards Learning. So, she and I are just going to give some brief highlights of the past year. Do you want to go first, Sharon? Yeah, well, it's been a really action packed year for us over the last last year. And you can see some highlights here. We've had a lovely Brian, again, doing some graphics for it. Whereas, I suppose, there were a lot of highlights in terms of our journal, in terms of the OER conference, and in terms of this conference as well, 25th year, there's been a lot of work by all the people in the committee. And, yeah, it's just been almost too much this year. And we are a bit short of time. So, Martin, is there anything else you want to highlight? Just say I've gone wrong already. I'm going to ask for apologies and proxy votes. So, do you have those? Yeah, six proxy votes. So, just on my highlights here, I think Mark's kind of the end of the transition period for all of us, which Mara and the trustee are very skillfully negotiated. They're particularly moving to be a distributed organization. It's kind of very important for Alts. And the structure we have now kind of points towards longer-term stability, I think. So, I think it's important for any modern organization to always reflect on its practices. And Alts kind of exemplifies that. I also have to say, as the OER guy, I kind of, the OER conference, the one in Bristol this year, and every year is kind of a real highlight for me. I think it's become a real international fixture. And I think that's really moved on over the past few years. Okay, so on to the business. So, approval of the minutes of the last annual general meeting held in Liverpool on 6th September 2017. There's an accurate record of the meeting. We'll need a proposer and a seconder. Peter and then I need a seconder. James. So, those are approved as an accurate record of the meeting. Thank you. We don't have any matters arising. Are there any matters arising? And what's the base? No matters arising. Thank you. So, we zipped through that. Good. So, thank you. We're back on time. That's the way to do it. So, moving on to the annual report and accounts, I'm very pleased to hand over to Daniel for this part. Thank you. So, welcome to this meeting. Thank you for attending. My name is Daniel Clark. I'm the honorary treasurer of OLD. And it's my privilege to present to you the annual report and accounts. This is a really important part of our governance and our commitment to openness that we are transparent with you about the resources that we get, membership fees and so on, and how we're using them. So, it is important that these are made available to you. And when I was looking at them and reviewing them, I was thinking, I've just finished three years as treasurer of OLD. And as Martin said, in that time, we've seen some really big changes in how OLD runs and operates. So, we've moved to being an independent organization, a charitable incorporated organization, which means the trustees are not personally liable, which is a huge relief to all of us. We've moved away from our partnership with Brooks to become a virtual organization and directly employing people. And we've deliberately kept a lot of that invisible to you, our members, because it shouldn't interrupt the way we sort of deliver on our strategy. But over time, this should make us a much more sort of agile organization and we're able to cope with what the future throws at us. Now, becoming an independent organization and employing people directly does bring a little bit of extra risk. And it makes it that much more important that we are financially stable and that we are, say, careful with our resources. So I'm glad to say in the current year, the year ended last January, we did record a small surplus of 24,000 pounds. So that's a good result, clearly being careful on that side. What we've actually done is decided to transfer a bit of that money to increase a reserve that we hold. So we have, the reserve is now standing at 160,000 pounds in our accounts. Now, that reserve doesn't have any legal effect. What it is, it's a sort of rainy day fund. It's a marker to us as trustees, to you as members, that the money is set aside for emergencies. It's been calculated as six months of operating expenditure of alt. So the idea is that if there was a absolute catastrophe, every bit of income dried up, alt could run for six months, which would at least bias some breathing space. Now, that's not something we expect to happen. This is just us trying to be prudent. It is in line with best practice in the charity sector. So that's something that you'll see going through the accounts is a slight increase in that reserve. The other thing I'd like to draw your attention to and I hope will be of assurance to you as our members and stakeholders is that we have had, as usual, an independent audit of our accounts. So auditors who are not connected with us, who are professionals have come in, reviewed our accounts, our financial record keeping, signed off their audit report, which is quite lengthy, but what it amounts to is that they look at whether there is anything in the accounts that they could consider to be misleading or misstated and basically they're saying they are happy that the accounts are true and fair stated. So hopefully that's something that provides assurance to you that what we're presenting here is correct. And the only other thing I wanted to mention, or reflect on really, is that if you look through the accounts, sometimes there's an impression that it feels like a very large organisation with a lot of reach and big staff and offices everywhere and stuff like that. You look at these and our total turnover is 485,000 a year, which in the scheme of things is not vast. And the fact that on that level of resource so much is accomplished really is testament to the amount of time and energy and effort that people put in. And I think that, again, that's just something worth reflecting on as we look through these. So that was everything I had to say about presenting the accounts to you, but I'm very happy to take any questions. Apologies to Bella, who requested that I present the accounts through the medium of interpreted dance. But having considered that carefully, I thought perhaps it might go a bit wrong. Sorry, Bella. Next year maybe. Okay, so I'm going to propose a resolution that the annual Port and Accounts be adopted. I need a proposer and a seconder for that. Proposer and seconder, Nick. Do we have it? Okay. If you are entitled to vote, you should have a voting card. And I think Daniel will now ask first for votes for, then against and then abstentions and will also count proxy votes. So please keep your hand in the air until you've actually voted and be counted. Okay, so the resolution is that the annual Port and Accounts be adopted. Those in favour? Keep your hands up, please. Are we having a recount? 43. Those against? And abstentions. Thank you. Thank you, Daniel. I just want to say, every year I'm very thankful that we have Daniel as a trustee because this stuff is beyond me. So it's someone I can really trust who is doing this. Thank you very much, Daniel. The next part of this is to just approve the appointment of the auditors for next year's accounts. So I need a proposer and a seconder to appoint David Cadwalador and co-accountants for next year's. Proposer, James and Elizabeth. I think we can vote on this again. We don't have to vote. They're approved. So that brings us on to award of honorary life membership. I chaired the panel for this. I want to say that the person who's about to get it, I think we do a kind of Oscars thing, don't be worried. Don't reveal who it is. So the person who's the winner, it was a unanimous decision to give this person life membership. They've been a stalwart member of the all community throughout their career. I think they've given a lot to the UK sector in particular. I'm going to let Sheila say a few words because she is better placed. I think I've been really lucky in my career that I've worked with and continue to work with a number of very inspiring women, many of whom are in the room today. And I think I'm really excited about this award because the recipient of this honorary award, it's the highest honor that we give and it's a recognition of a very significant contribution to the organization by an individual. And I think this year's individual, she's played a role in ALT, I think probably since its outset. She's been a trustee. She's been a vice chair, a chair. She's also hosted a conference. And even when she stepped back from her role in government, she still was a really active part of the community. And she's done many, many things, including setting up the ALT Scotland group. I think in everything she does, she brings grace, intelligence, criticality, and her scholarly practice. And most of all, most important for me, her sense of fun and laughter. And I can honestly say, I don't think I've ever laughed as much in my life as when I've been working with this person, even at times when our laughter was tinged maybe with a bit of hysteria. But I feel so privileged to have worked alongside her for the past five years. And I'm still in denial that this person has taken early retirement. I'm still hoping that she's just going to walk back in from holiday next week. But at this point, I would just like to say it just gives me a huge pleasure to present this year's honorary life membership to Linda Kreener. Thank you everyone for this. I'm quite overwhelmed really and feel very, very honoured to receive this. Thank you to all the ALT trustees and all fellow members for this award. I do think something that's given to you by your peers is one of the most meaningful awards that you can receive in your career. And I'm really grateful to get this. Now, ALT has certainly been very dear to my heart throughout my career. I actually started my career in learning technology in January 1993. So it was the first, it's the same year as ALT was established. So it's been there all along and I have to say that any involvement in time that I've given to ALT I've had back tenfold. In terms of professional networks, deepening understanding of the field and most importantly, making friends. Friendship and fun, I think we've had a lot of that and there's been a lot of that in this year's conference as well. So it's been a privilege to be involved in ALT and to have played a small part in its development over the years. I'm very pleased as well that ALT Scotland is now a thriving part of the ALT family and that membership is growing year on year. So thanks again to everyone. I hope to keep in touch and here's to the next 25 years. Thank you. Thanks Linda. So we've made some changes to the constitution this year for ALT which Sheila and Mara are going to find you through now. Sheila would you like to say a few words maybe just in general and I can maybe help talk through the technicalities? Absolutely. So as Daniel and Martin have both alluded to it's been the last couple of years there's been quite a lot of changes to the organisation particularly around our new strategy which we launched last year and this year by becoming a virtual organisation and moving away from books. At the same time as doing that we have felt that actually we needed to maybe make some changes to our governance structures to support the organisation better and obviously we've changed our charitable status as well. So what we want to do is take you through some of the proposed changes and the reason we're doing this is really for the stability of the organisation and thinking towards the next 25 years and also as it says in the slide there it's really bringing us in line with best practice for the charity commission as well so we really feel this is timely and necessary for the future development of the organisation and association. Anything you'd like to add at that point, Marin? No, I think we can probably jump right in and just go through the key points. As Sheila was saying there are a number of changes to be proposed and the first one is regarding how we appoint roles of the president, the chair and the vice chair and alt so as many of you will be familiar currently and for the past this has been an annually rotating role and I think we've identified that while we've been extremely fortunate as a professional body to have very able and engaged trustees that make the life of staff like myself really easy and straightforward it is a huge challenge to find really well informed, good quality trustees on an annual basis to take the most responsible role in our organisation and it also means that we as staff provide much greater continuity and as we all think that the membership should have the greatest perspective on what we do from a strategic perspective I really welcome this proposal to extend the term of these most important trustee roles the most active, the most responsible for the governance to the charity commission as well to bring them in line with the same terms of service that all the other trustees have it is quite unusual to have the chair of an organisation rotate annually and over the last six years as CEO I've been very fortunate to have six wonderful chairs to work with but we do only work together for 12 months before the next one arrives so this makes great practical sense and does minimise our risk and similarly as we are quite a streamlined small organisation and we want to use the resources as best we can and we've also proposed that the maximum number of trustees overall goes from 13 to 10 which will still give us enough breadth to have the governance that we really need but doesn't mean that we have to unnecessarily have larger committees that we really need to so I think those are the specific changes to the boards and the roles and we're moving on now to explain regarding how trustees are elected and appointed so as you are familiar as members at the moment all trustees are elected openly anyone who is a member can express an interest in roles but we don't advertise as other charities do specific job descriptions for let's say being a treasurer and in Daniel we actually have the first treasurer who has an accountancy background and is fully qualified to advise us financially so we want to catch up with what other charities like the Wikimedia Foundation for example are doing and we want to make the recruitment of the trustees more transparent so it's very clear what you volunteer to do because it is a role of great responsibility so instead of appointing all trustees in the same manner we propose that half of all trustees will still be elected openly and members can express an interest and they will be the same as they are now but that they are specific roles including the chair, the treasurer and the vice chair who will recruit with job descriptions and that instead of having open elections which can sometimes lead to those who are most popular or well known voices being elected we will give the existing board the final say in their appointment again this is probably quite commonplace in most charities but a big step for us and a big change so I'm just going to pause there because I think Sheila we might want to pause for questions briefly in case anybody has questions on these two points absolutely so if you do have questions please raise your hand or let us know there doesn't seem to be any questions right now so should we move on? I think there's two more changes that we've had a lot of feedback on from membership in the last years the organisation has grown and one of the areas it's grown specifically over the last few years is member groups when I joined ALT ten years ago ALT Scotland was kind of the member group and the M25 group wasn't yet an ALT group but now we have member groups all across the UK and our governance hasn't really caught up with that our governance doesn't provide a direct avenue for those member groups from Northern Ireland from Wales from all parts of the UK and different parts of the country to have a voice directly in the governance so the idea is that we'll make an overarching committee which is really going to be a new forum for member groups to talk to each other and with each other and have more direct opportunity to collaborate alongside the conference committees alongside the journal editors the blog editors and all other groups involved in the governance of ALT and that the Assembly will be chaired by the President now as you can imagine I actually tried to make a slide for you of what our current structure looks like and I ended up having 109 arrows and I gave up if I'm honest with you because I thought no one will believe that this is how ALT is currently organised and how many different indirect reporting lines and direct responsibilities there are so this is why we're proposing this constitutional change today but there'll be a transition period until the constitution comes fully into effect which is at the next AGM so in 12 months and we want to work with all of our existing member groups to get it right to make this transition and here you can see what we currently think is going to be a blueprint for the new ALT assembly so that the existing groups will still operate just as they do now special interest groups member groups steering groups for the journal conference committees and there might be other groups like C-mold lead assessors which are not a formal group right now but that we will work together as a community to get that right because there's many people three and a half thousand or thereabouts involved in ALT and we want to make sure as many of them have a voice so just to maybe conclude and Maechila might have more things to add here is how we propose to put this into practice the trustees are putting it to the vote today to ask you to approve these new changes to the constitutions which will come into effect in 12 months time at the next AGM and that's why we have a secondary resolution for the three trustees where previously there would have been the rotation of roles to retain their positions for 12 months to give us some stability until we have the new election processes and the ALT assembly in place and that we will work together as a community to put the ALT assembly into place over the next 12 months so that our governance as Sheila said will hopefully be more stable in terms of accountability and management day to day but will also I think importantly give a greater voice to our membership all across the country and also internationally so I hope Sheila that's covered some of the technical parts did you want to add anything? Not really I think you've covered it very well and just I suppose just to say that this is not a paragraph by Martin and I we are going to retire this is just a temporary... President for life I'm not so sure about him again just to reiterate that this is really you can see this is almost the final part of a jigsaw that's been coming together over the last couple of years around the future of the organisation so yeah that's all I would really add to that yeah has anyone got any questions though because there's quite a lot of information to take in but obviously Martin has explained it beautifully and succinctly for everyone yeah a proposal thank you Sarah the seconder and then we need to vote so we've got our tellers so vote 4 I can't read it from here the constitution attached and this resolution be adopted as the constitution and CEO in substitution 4 at the exclusion of the existing constitution as of 4th September 2019 so 4, 43 and we add the 6 proxy votes in against 0 and the extensions thank you so that's passed so just to explain to you the legal advice was very clear that we had to have a secondary motion in order to make this possible for us to have the constitution adopted which you've just passed which is that the following trustees retain their roles with Susheela, Nicola and Daniel we're going to act as chair vice chair and treasurer respectively and that will then be in accordance with the new institution for the next 12 months so we're going to need to do the same on that as well proposal seconder Steven and tellers again you don't get to sit down much so voting for these trustees keep their roles against 0, extensions thank you so that's recorded thank you that's quite a big moment, thank you everyone we move on to chairs award which is the number of the chair our first chairs award over to you so it's another first for the conference so I know we're having another first tonight in terms of awards with the research awards as part of our learning technologies award but this is an award that we have talked about for a while about maybe having another award for someone who doesn't maybe fit into the learning technologists award or maybe hasn't quite got the has had long enough to get a lifetime and honorary membership award but someone who's making a significant contribution to our community nonetheless and actually we were kind of spurred into action by this by by yourselves by our community and I think the application that we received actually made my decision very very easy about this and I think the person who's getting this is normally behind the scenes of many things and particularly at the conference and he makes sure that everything goes smoothly and that he meets our strategic objectives particularly around openness and not only does he provide almost single-handedly the live streaming for conferences he's also developed a new platform for an open source submission platform for the conference and he shares that with the community as well probably giving this away if you haven't guessed who it is already but I think the work that this person does in terms of openness and particularly things like the tags explorer it's not just the work he does for all it's not just his job which he does like all our staff members incredibly well and goes above and beyond what anyone would expect of him all the time but he shares back wider to the community and I think in particular the work that he did in tags explorer it allowed so many communities a view on their interactions that there was never possible before and that continues to be used and he continues to develop that and I think he's just such a great model a role model for our community about being you know that person Donna was talking about opening a window into your practice I think this person has opened all the doors and all the windows and he's let so many people in and let people then open their own doors into their practice as well so I'm again really really delighted to award Martin Hoxie with the inaugural Cheers Award It's a long walk from back there Thank you very much now I have a job I can't explain to my parents this is going well it would have been easier if you just gave me a chair but anyway I've been very fortunate to work with a number of old members in my career including Linda Craner who was one of the first people I worked with higher education institution so it's I think very fitting that Linda has been awarded today as well my first old conference was actually 2009 at this very venue and it was a great opportunity to see so many people I'd heard about and read about face to face and the passion, the care and thought that I saw from a wide range of presentations has really informed me about this day so it's really old members that have created me so it's your fault Thanks Martin so it's now my role to say thank you to members and trustees who are coming to the service and we have some presents good or we get to give presents out so first of all thanks to members German editor Amanda Jeffries is Amanda here hey come down Amanda 3% have been at nearly 40% over the last several years and yes can I just reiterate what Martin said it's always been a very friendly caring and compassionate place to meet and share practice and it's been a privilege to make it part of my professional life so thank you very much and I'm sure there are lots of other people who will be able to carry on the good work that we're doing so thank you Also say thank you to the blog editor Santano Versante hello, oh good thank you for your work trustees who are coming into the term Neil Morris trustee and chair of the editorial board I think Neil's not here is he Neil did some sterling work particularly stirring the journal through a tricky period our very own James Clay trustee and former chair of the FE committee my favourite proposer so we have a gift for you my first my first alt was 2003 in Sheffield and I hated it I'm glad things have changed but what I would say is when I joined the trustees as I was elected but I was also chair of the FE committee I think over the last six years we have seen FE become much more engaged and interacting with alt and I'm really pleased to see that change so I feel like I've had a bit of an impact so but I think we're going to do good and better things and finally Shirley Evans trustee and honor secretary she might be watching thank you Shirley which brings us on to the last thing which is also another first is that right, so many firsts so this year we're having a seamal ceremony so the closing highlight of the year is ADM all members who have achieved or renewed the seamal accreditation so if you're one of those people please come up okay so I'm going to okay so we have Lorna Campbell Richard Beggs Vicki Dale Richard Clarkson Adam Else Sarah Knight Carl Luke Chrissie Naranze Ania Patel Amy Sampson Chris Sheridan Gemma Whitten wow it's the same page well and if I've missed anybody out please come down congratulations to you all well I'm just thrilled to have been part of the process and supported my reflected practice and it's a great honor to be the first senior certified member thank you okay and with that we officially close the ADM thank you everyone and see you next year


Under the chapter of consumer behavior, we are going to study the indirect utility function. Indirect utility function is defined as the maximum level of the utility that can be attained by the consumer keeping the amount of the money income and the price constant. So, you will be amazed that it is similar type of the definition that we were having for the utility, but the main difference is here that here we are going to utilize the word of money income. Mean this is the utility maximization of a consumer when we keep his nominal income constant. It means we are not concerned with the constant level of the utility rather maximization of utility keeping his nominal income constant. Similarly when we have to deal with the utility maximizing approach, we utilize the approach either through the substitution method or we utilize the Lagrange method and then we keep the utility level might be constant, but in the indirect utility function we are not going to assess the utility maximization through the utility approach rather we take the expenditure approach. So, for the Marshallian demand function, we substitute the part of the debt function where income lies that income is replaced or the substitute by the budget or the income or the expenditure constraint because we know that whatever we are going to spend mean any consumer who is going to spend through his income that will be equal to his expenditure and this part of expenditure is being substituted in the Marshallian demand function. So, when we say the demand of the consumer it is the function of price of that commodity price of the other commodities and the expenditure that the consumer is going to incur. So, we maximize the utility through the price of commodity X through the price of commodity Y and then we change that what will be the change in the commodities demand through the change in his expenditure function. So, indirect utility function will take that what the consumer is going to spend for the purchase of that commodity and if the price has changed how the consumer will change his expenditure related to that commodity. So, consumer is going to maximize his utility and for this decision he is going to check through the change in his consumption incurred in the form of the expenditure. So, when we utilize this example we see that the utility is the function of price of the two commodities and here is the consumer's income and this is the budget line or the budget constraint and if we have to maximize the utility through the Lagrange possibility we take that this will be the optimal amount of X1 this is the X2 and this is the X3 but here we all having subject to the income. If this amount of the income here we just replace income is equal to expenditure and here we say that this expenditure will be just equal to the budget incurred on the consumer purchase of the various commodities. So, when we include this part this utility will take the form of not U rather it will become in the form of the V where we see that this V we give the notation to indirect utility function that now it is the function of the price that is the vector of all the prices and then M or the expenditure presented in the same units as the prices. So, the optimal level of utility will not be directly attained rather indirectly through the expenditure incurred on the various commodities in response to the price change. Thank you.


Thank you. Hi, everyone. I'm very happy to be here. My name is Irene Ramos. I work as a data manager at the National Commission for the Knowledge and Use of Biodiversity in Mexico. And I'm going to share our experience developing an information system at Conabio. So Conabio is a governmental agency in Mexico. And we coordinate biodiversity data collection. And we manage this information through different information systems and citizen science platforms. Conabio is the bridge between government, academia, and society in topics related to biodiversity conservation and natural resources in general. For the past five years or so, we have been developing a new information system. This one is focused on agribiodiversity conservation. And it is part of a larger project, which has the global environment facility as the funding source and the food and agriculture organization as the implementing agency. This just means that FAO oversees the project from beginning to end. And they are also the institution who evaluates the project. What we do in Siagro is to generate and systematize open data related to native plants that are cultivated in traditional agriculture. For example, maize, beans, cacao, avocado, and among other delicious Mexican plants. And our ultimate objective is not just to have or to publish open and fair data. We also want to inform food security and conservation policies. We work with very diverse data. We have everything from quantitative biological variables to more qualitative information, for example, recipes of food. And the sources are also very different. We work with researchers who go in the field and collect data, very often in collaboration with local communities. But we also have information that external institutions have donated for our system. So it has been a very big challenge to demonstrate the value of the system to a community that is very diverse. Throughout the development of Siagro, it has been under scrutiny by funders. And we regularly have to report our progress. And this is normal for any project that has external funding. But in addition, we are also accountable to a wider community that includes students, researchers, even other governmental organizations, civil society organizations, research institutions, and other areas within Conabio. They participate in the system with different roles, different interests, and expectations. For example, external institutions might care more about the increased visibility of their data when it is incorporated into the system. But researchers might care more about their workflows and whether they become more efficient when they adopt our tools. So how do we demonstrate the value to this diversity of interests and expectations? We have taken inspiration from this paper, which is about how Elixir, this is a big European project. And in this paper, they narrate their journey of demonstrating the value to different stakeholders. However, our project is much smaller. It's not as well-established. And we work in a context where, well, in a region where there aren't as many incentives and there are many big obstacles to develop open infrastructure. So I'm going to tell you three lessons that we have learned and that have worked for us. The first is to define the narrative. Whenever we introduce Yagro, we talk about three dimensions of the system. The technical side includes data and tools. These are perhaps the most obvious. We do clarify that with respect to software. We are not only including the data portal or interactive visualizations. We also include the development and maintenance of the backend software. Everything that makes the system works and that is much less visible than shiny visualizations. And we also make it very explicit that there is a human dimension that is just as important. This is perhaps the component of the system that is most often overlooked. And I know maybe not here in this audience, but outside the bubble of the open science community, it's very difficult to make the case that this is just as important as the technical side. And so defining a narrative for us has come down to making visible the components of the system that are not a Cicillicine. And this has made a difference, especially in the early stages of the project, where our efforts were more invested in data collection and in development. And so we didn't have any tangible thing to show. And it was difficult for our collaborators to appreciate the progress that we were making, especially the progress in capacity building. This is the image that we want our collaborators to take away with them whenever we talk about the system. We want them to know that it's not just a collection of tools and data that are disconnected and that work alone. We want them to know that there's a workflow from collection to publication and that there are people at every step of the way. Sometimes we have needed to go one step further. We were kind of trapped in a circular problem where, in order to promote the value of the system, we first needed people to know about the system. But we needed to make the case that those outreach activities were necessary so that people knew about the system. I think this in other open projects, for example, when trying to make the case that people need training in open data or any other open topics, first, people need to at least understand what open is. But that is not possible if they haven't received any training. So that's the circular problem where we were trapped. And we decided that first, we needed to build very basic vocabulary, common vocabulary, to be able to have conversations about data and about infrastructure. So we organized a series of workshops on data literacy skills. And these were tailored to students and researchers who collaborate as data collectors. But we also invited people in the organization who are higher up and who are responsible for making decisions about project direction and about budgets. And this allowed us to build that common ground and to have conversations about what infrastructures do and what value they bring. And this series of workshops were developed with the mentorship of the Open Life Science Program. The third strategy was to establish feedback processes. With users, we did this by organizing service to understand their needs. And we also organized focus groups so that members of the community had a space to share experiences between them. This was important because in these spaces, it was no longer us telling them that the system was valuable or that the tools were useful. They were hearing that from people who had a similar background to them. So they were hearing about best practices and about tips for using the system and about the context where different tools worked better than other tools. So that was an experience that they told us was very enriching for them. And with funders and evaluators, this was a bit more informal process. Here, we noticed attention between the indicators that we were formally required to report that were related to the number of databases or to the number of publications versus what evaluators really cared about, which was the use and adoption of the system, which is much harder to measure. And simply asking the question of what they were understanding as an information system, regardless of what was on the proposal or what was on the indicators or on paper, gave us a lot of insight into what they were expecting to hear from us. And we started to report on outreach activities and training activities, even though they never were part of any formal indicators. And so this takes me back to the first point, because it is through these feedback processes that we can then refine and adapt the narrative of what we want to communicate about Siagro and about what it can do. And we can appeal to the specific interests of different members of the community, as well as design better training activities. So we have learned a lot along the way about implementing these strategies more deliberately instead of improvising along the way. And I hope that some of these ideas are useful, especially for projects that are working in a similar context or that are also relatively small. However, I don't know how much of this has translated into an appreciation of infrastructures more generally. I don't know if our users and our funders just take away that Siagro is useful, but maybe they don't generalize into we're not talking just about Siagro, we're talking about infrastructures for data in general. And so I keep thinking about what we can do at a broader scale so that smaller projects like ours don't have to do that double work of advocating for the value of infrastructure, as well as the actual work of developing and maintaining the infrastructure. And we know of some initiatives, like the one that was mentioned in the talk before, the recommendations for open science by UNESCO that has a section specifically for infrastructure, which mentions the need for funding and other things. But we still see a big gap between those recommendations and our day-to-day work. So I would be really curious to hear if you have some ideas. And to finish, I just want to thank my collaborators in Siagro. We are a small team within the organization, but we collaborate with many other areas. Thank you. Thank you. We now have time for questions. Any questions? Go ahead. What's your strategy for the next month, year, two years, like in the short term, enlarge them to the project doesn't die? That is out of my hands, unfortunately, because this is a project that, as many projects with external funding, has a funding period, a defined funding period. What I could like to do is to focus our efforts into that strategy of advocacy through training, because now that the project is in a more mature state, that we actually now have data, we have tools, and I wish we could try to use training to design different community engagement paths for different types of users, like users who are more technical, users who might just want to use visualizations to interact with the data. So think about different strategies that we can use to engage a wider community. Thank you. Any other questions? OK, thank you so much. You now have some time between your next session. Thank you.


Good morning fellow Saint Lucia's. Today Saint Lucia joins the rest of the world in celebrating World Tourism Day under the theme, Tourism for Inclusive Growth. This theme captures the very essence of the mandate of the Ministry of Tourism and the philosophy of my government as it emphasizes the urgent need to put in people first. Pre-pandemic, there was no doubt that tourism was on a growth path. With 2019 been the record-breaking year for Saint Lucia with over one million visitors. Although noting the growth patterns over the past years, indigenous businesses continue their plea for equity in accessing tax relief and other forms of assistance to create a more attractive climate for local investment. Tourism comprising of both local and foreign direct investment is our most productive sector, which employs over 15,000 persons. It has proven to be one of the most resilient industries, due to its ability to bounce back quickly after natural disasters. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a debilitating effect on the industry worldwide, instantly paralyzing economies due to the high level of dependency on the industry by many countries. When there are interruptions to travel and trade, there is an immediate domino effect on economies across the world, especially in small developing states like Saint Lucia and the rest of the Caribbean. As Saint Lucia continues the management of COVID-19 and sustaining the responsible opening of the industry, we must continue to build resiliency and sustainability. With the reopening of the industry and further development in the COVID-19 era, we must address the distribution of wealth to all the actors within the tourism value chain to increase employment opportunities and reduce poverty. It is the efforts of my government to ensure that as part of employment opportunities, Saint Lucia's become owners and operators of more tourism businesses with a focus on developing strong linkages with agriculture, the youth economy, and the digital age. Already many of us depend on tourism, from our travel agents to airport staff, taxi drivers, tour companies, hotel workers, vendors and artists, villa rental owners, boat operators and water spot operators, beach and market vendors, entertainers, craftspersons, and duty-free shops, just to name a few. The World Travel and Tourism Council predicts that if the global vaccine rollout continues at present pace and travel restrictions are relaxed just before the busy summer season, the 62 million jobs lost in 2020 could steadily return by 2022. Saint Lucia has made great progress in the reopening of the industry, and to date, approximately 8,500 workers have been re-employed. A total of 290 vocation rental properties have been certified and experiencing higher bookings. 35 hotels have reopened their doors and reporting satisfactory occupancy rates. Over 20 car rental companies and over 1,500 taxi drivers have returned to work. The cruise sector has reopened albeit at low volumes. Since the relaxation of travel protocols of vaccinated persons, the destination has recorded a total of 110,116 day over arrivals to date, achieving almost 54% of pre-COVID-19 figures for the second quarter, as well as exceeding predictions by 11% for the overall targets as part of the recovery. Sustainable responsible reopening requires a national effort. It requires that all solutions adhere to the protocols. Build vaccine confidence with strong uptake and focus on taking advantages of opportunities for growth. Over the past few weeks, I have had the opportunity to consult with various sub-sectors to gain a better appreciation of the challenges faced and general sentiments of operators on how the ministry can improve its services and provide opportunities for inclusiveness. These consultations will surely contribute to the development of policies and programs moving forward. The intention of the ministry is therefore to set policy and find ways to ensure equal opportunity, increased employment, maximized linkages, reduced poverty and disparities between communities across the island. As we continue to combat COVID-19, now more than ever an inclusive approach is required to ensure that we all return to work to secure our livelihoods and provide for our families. We must all participate in the rebuilding of this sector in such a way that there is greater benefit to citizens and communities and greater resilience in the ability of the sector to cushion against the impact of this crisis and any other in the future. As we celebrate the theme of World Tourism Day and Under Inclusiveness, I would like to take the opportunity to thank all stakeholders within the tourism industry, all the ancillary and emergency service providers and personnel and all other frontline workers who on a daily basis confront the threat of COVID-19. We continue to fight to save lives and protect livelihoods. Together, and putting you first, we will define the future of St. Lucia's tourism industry to cater to delivering the best for St. Lucia. Happy World Tourism Day 2021!