So, if I had known, I might not have cut so many slides from my deck last night. A lot has been going on in the Linux integrity subsystem, but it's not only the integrity subsystem, but it affects a number of different subsystems, and we'll get to the different subsystems that we're talking about. And before I begin, I'd like to thank everybody who's reviewed patches, who's submitted patches, and who's been involved in the process, the general process, of getting the substream. It's obviously not only me, it's everyone here and those people that are not here. And as we go through, I'll include their name. You'll see different people that have been involved in the process. So every year we start out with closing the measurement appraisal gaps. And we're going to continue that. And I normally end with where we are and what needs to be done still. And I'll do that in the kernel, but from what I understand, I've been supplanted by Dave and that Dave is going to be doing the measurement gaps throughout what still needs to be done. So David Howells is the maintainer for the key ring subsystem. And unfortunately, he's not here to tell you about the changes that have gone in. From I'm going to be talking about those changes that have affected the integrity subsystem. And then we'll continue along with a couple of other things. Okay. So starting from closing measurement gaps, the first thing that we did was there were different security hooks for appraising, well, there were different security hooks that were being used for different things. And they're called the pre hooks and the post hooks for firmware and kernel modules. And everybody is trying to do the same thing. They want to be in those places at the time that they need to do something like appraise the file signatures, see what file system it's on, and so on. And of course doing mandatory access control like SMAC and SE Linux. So instead of having everybody reading their, having their own version of opening a file, reading the file, and having the security hooks around it, we then, we replaced all of those and it was a major effort because it touched basically six subsystems. And so with that case's help and with that Lewis who was driving the work, it couldn't have been done as quickly or as fast. Once we had the replacement, then other things can actually use the same method of using the same pre and post security hooks. The first one, well, the second one was AIMA where you're trusting the system based on a certain policy, but we don't, and we cat in that policy. So instead of trusting the policy, we now use the same mechanism throughout that we've used for appraising kernel modules and firmware and other things. We're now able to verify the signature on the AIMA policy. You boot up with a built-in policy and then you transition to another policy and that policy can now be signed. And then we used it for Kexec, Eric Richter is going to be speaking later this afternoon about Kexec and how they're using it for Petty Boot. But basically the things that we did there were now we can, when you're using, when you do Kexec, which is a soft reboot, you can now appraise the measurement of the kernel that's going to be run. And you can appraise then at RAMFS. Both of them are still used from an AIMA perspective. They're both using AIMA signatures. Other work in this, so Eric will be talking about allowing, since this is going to be in the early boot process, we're not going to be wanting to use just the AIMA PCRs, but we want the option to be adding these measurements in different PCRs. And I assume that most everyone knows about TPMs and PCRs here, so I'm not going to backtrack and describe what a PCR is. So that was upstreamed earlier this year, where we can now appraise the signature on the RAMFS and the image. The same hook that's used for appraising can be used for measuring. The only problem is it doesn't make sense to measure it unless you can carry it across Kexec. You'll have it in the measurement list for a couple of seconds, and then poof, it's gone. So a lot of the work that we're currently doing is to be able to carry the measurement list across Kexec. And that work is being done by a number of people, including Tiago Bowerman. And as of last night, Andrew accepted his patches into the mmTree. At the point where, and they're waiting for my patches to make it into the mmTree at this point, he takes it and he works on the device tree. My patches for actually doing the serializing and the restoring of the measurement list have another round or two to make it through the mailing list. Basically, I didn't realize that we can boot a, that the system that's running can be in one endianess and it can be, can be booting a different image in a different endianess. And so we had to serialize, we had to canonize the format that's being used so that each of them would be able to understand the previous measurement list. So the other, while we're in the Kexec, everybody says the boot command line is really important. You really need to measure the boot command line. If you don't measure it, you might be measuring all your applications, but you have left out a major piece of information. And so we have some patches that have been posted once that still need to be revisited. But the first question is, okay, we can measure the boot command line, but are we ever going to want to be able to sign it? And if we do, before we upstream just the measurement, maybe it's time to talk about a method of signing buffer measurements, as I'm referring to them here. And those buffer measurements, so we had, with Kexec, I'm sorry, with kernel modules, we have the idea of an attached signature. Do we want it in the same, similarly, to kernel modules where it's an attached signature, or would we want it as a detached signature? And those are still questions that we're going to be seeing what the community decides is necessary. And there's one more thing that's not showing up on the slide. And it's probably down at the bottom here, not showing. The last thing is, the other thing that needs to be worked on is the CPIO in RAMFS. And the CPIO in RAMFS, I was thinking that it could be simplified, but as I've been working, we've had some time to talk and hallway designs with Victor. And his use case, with having to deal with sim links, won't allow it to be, won't allow it, I don't think that we're going to be able to simplify it. But it looks like it's coming, it will be around soon. Okay, so now that we have a single method of being able to appraise and measure different things that are being read by the kernel, we need to go through and see what things should be using it. And we know that there are policies, I think that there's a smack policy that might be involved, there might be an SC Linux policy that should be converting over to using this method. They're not currently using files, they're not reading files, they're basically, as far at least Casey will correct me if I'm wrong, the policy is being catted into a security FS, I know for SC Linux that's the current method. But maybe we need to start appraising the policies themselves. The other thing is that before somebody starts to use, starts to write their own method of reading a file from the kernel, we need another mechanism to say, hey, maybe you should be using kernel read file. And I'm now working with Julia to maybe get that in to tag it so that we don't come up with another method, another way of doing things, again, that we're not on the hooks, that we don't have the security hooks for. Okay. And before, we said that one of the issues was BPF, and we've said that they're safe, that at least the original ones were safe, but now we're seeing a lot of the talks here at LinuxCon, we're using new ways of using BPF. And the question is, do they, is it, and especially the EBPF, which, the extended BPF. So I'm not sure exactly how we allowed another Cisco to be upstreamed that doesn't have a file descriptor. We went through a lot of effort to change kernel modules and to change the firmware loading to have a file descriptor. And now all of a sudden we have a new one that doesn't have a file descriptor. So I guess I was kind of sleeping on that. In terms of the key ring changes, as I said, this is not a complete set of changes what has gone in, and key rings that's really up to David House to be giving a talk on that. But in terms of IMA, we now have, we first, we started this conversation from last year's talk, Petko Manilov and Mark came and talked about Juniper's requirements. And it fed into that they needed an intermediary key ring, which is referred to the mock key ring. And they needed a blacklist. And we started up streaming that. It actually was upstreamed. And then we were able to, David was able to generalize it. And he generalized the concept by saying, okay, instead of it just being at the IMA level, it's now at the system level. It's at a global level. So the asymmetric keys can now be restricted by a signature. And we can say which signature. So when, if everybody has, is aware of the system key ring that we, that there are built-in keys that gets loaded onto the system, onto the system key ring, and the restrict link. So we now rename the system key ring to the built-in key ring. And the only thing on that key ring is the built-in keys. And so this provides us a signature chain of trust all the way from the boot, from UEFI secure boot, all the way up to the running of the system. And we transition when we boot into this trusted key ring. And last year, Petco and Mark were talking about needing a secondary. And so instead of calling it a mock, we now have, it can be trusted based on either the secondary key ring or based on the built-in key ring. Okay, the black list there are some issues with. It's still in an experimental stage. And we're looking at how to do this properly at the global level. So it hasn't transitioned from the IMA, from an IMA key ring into the global. So now once we've done that, and we have the built-in key ring, and we can trust it, we can now transition to user space. And user space says, hey, I need a key that is extended from all the way from UEFI secure boot to the kernel, and then from the kernel, transitions from the kernel into user space. And so, and this is being done by Matt.  And I'm really excited about this for being able to extend the secure route of trust all the way up to this secure signature chain of trust all the way up into user space. As it turns out, Matt's initial reason for wanting this is that he wanted to be able to use an independent key ring, but have the same semantics as the built-in key ring. And he wanted to say, this set of keys are authorized to add keys. This key or this set of keys is allowed to add keys to another key ring. And only those keys will be used to do whatever he was doing for whatever his application. But from my point of view, the other is more exciting and more interesting. And so I'm hoping to be able to say next year that this has been accomplished. In terms of my group, the biggest problem with appraising things is that you need signatures. Without signatures, nobody can really be doing appraisal. And so everybody is stuck at the step of having to sign it on their own and having to roll their own kernel and do everything on their own. So we went through and set up mirrors. Ubuntu and Red Hat mirrors, sorry, Fedora mirrors. And right now, we have the internal part done. We do not have the external mirror up and running yet. But the idea is that the IBM processing is opening up the packages, adding the signatures into them, and then closing it back up so that you can do your DNF, your AppGat or whatever you're using to update the packages. And so that you don't have a post-install process of having to sign it. The problem with this is that it would be really nice for the distros to start signing their code for anybody who's writing code to be including the file signatures. We now have TAR support. We have RPM support and we're working on Debian to get it upstreamed. There are, Debian includes it as a TAR and we'll see if there were other mechanisms for getting the signatures in the Debian packages. But right now, we're using a TAR implementation for including them. So even if the distros started including file signatures, you might want to run your own code. So we need a way of adding a certificate into the running system onto the built-in key ring. And Mehmed Caleb of our group has done the work for reserving memory that will be for the built-in key ring. And if you can enable this on your system, then you can install a key. And obviously you'll have to post, you'll have to re-sign the kernel image, but at least you don't have to rebuild the kernel image. And this is one way of getting the key onto the built-in key ring. It's also a way for product development to be able to build a single kernel that will later have different keys depending on at what stage they are in the process of development. Okay, so we now have come up to that we are closing all these measurement gaps and appraisals, but there's a problem left. And the problem is that if we go back to the previous slide, we've added one key per distro. But do we really want it at that level? And before we even finished going forward and having this all set up, there was a comment on the summit mailing list saying that we want to do it not at the distro level, not at the package level. We want to verify it based on a path name key. So I'm happy that we're getting closer and closer to being able to appraise everything and measure everything. But the next question is going to be at what level of granularity do we need to support this? And the finer the granularity that have, the less that will have to be revoked. The less, if it's at a package level, the less packages that will be affected on for revoking if something should needs to be replaced. So we definitely need the support that we spoke about before about the black lists so that we can revoke keys as going forward. And instead of having each thing that's trying to appraise their measurements, have their own method of doing it, let's try to work like firmware. Okay, it might be path name based. But the same method, the same requirements are going to come up again. And so let's try to do, have a common way of doing it. So that everybody can take advantage of it for their use case. Okay, so now we're, wow. Okay, so we'll quickly sum up. What we have here is that with TPM 2.0, it impacts IMA. IMA is still based on TPM 1.2, and it's extending the SHA-1 bank. A lot of the servers, a lot of the machines are now starting to come out with TPM 2.0, and they're enabling the SHA-256 bank. Some of them have both a SHA-1 bank and a SHA-256 bank enabled. Some of them do, some of them don't. So the question is, how do we transition to this? Are we going to start adding multiple hashes? Is IMA going to hash it twice? Or are we going to include the larger digest in the measurement list? And these are questions as to what we need to do. So if you have two banks, a SHA-1 and a SHA-256, do we, somebody could start adding the IMA measurements in the wrong bank and pretend that it's the right measurements. So we need some method of tainting it. The current thought at the moment is that instead of tainting it in the TCG terminology of tainting, we're going to either pad or truncate the hash and use that measurement into the other banks so that we can actually then use a single bank for doing the attestation. So we're getting closer to closing the measurement and appraisal gaps. We have to be aware that of not adding new things that will open more gaps. And it is possible for distros for people to start including their software signatures at a file level. We still have plenty to do. This is not a full list. Any questions? Yeah, you have to re-sign it. Because Debbie and I wasn't the one involved in the, I did the initial implementation where we included it in the MD5 sums file, but now it's part of the TAR itself. But in either case, you're opening and repackaging and having to reseal it. Yeah, to re-sign it. Thank you.


Rechargeable zinc ion batteries are promising energy storage devices but suffer from the limited choice of positive electrodes. Hynyo and co-workers show a design with sodium vanadate hydrate as cathode, allowing simultaneous proton and zinc ion insertion extraction and enhanced performance. This article was authored by Phan WAN, Lin Lin Jong, Eleven Dai, and others.


Beta-type T-based alloys are increasingly used in biomaterials due to their excellent mechanical, physical, and biological performance, with low modulus beta-type T-based alloys being developed as an alternative orthopedic implant material that can provide good biological fixation through bone tissue in growth into the porous network. This paper reviews recent developments of biomedical T-based alloys, including their fundamental requirements, basic phases, alloying elements, mechanical properties, thermal treatment, grain size, texture, and limitations, as well as the influence of microstructural configurations on mechanical properties and prospects and challenges of porous T-based alloys. This article was authored by Yu Huali, Chaoyang, Haidong Zhao, and others.


And here's the 96 boards with actions 64-bit CPU. Are you already shipping this? So far, not yet, but maybe code 4. How soon? Code 4. So like the next two months? One month later? Maybe, maybe. We are trying to get this achieved. And so this is the 96 boards quad core 64-bit ARM Cortex 853. And it's following the, how's it compared to the bubblegum S500? What's the difference? As you can see, the S900 board is basically a board, it's a board on board, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth chip. This way. This board is more high-performance than the S512 bubblegum board. This is a new 64-bit. So it is smaller and less tall with all the connectors are smaller a bit. And is everything working on it? Which software are you showing here? What is the software here? This is Android with picture-in-picture. How old is the machine? Android 511. So the GPU that you have here is PowerVR. Can people run, how is it to run Linux? For example over here you're running Linux. There's also PowerVR GPU. Is everything working in Linux? Or something not working? PowerVR GPU driver is already in two installs. So it works for Ubuntu, for Debian? Sure. And how about video playback? Video playback. Yes, inside the OS basically we have... Everything is hardware accelerated? Video playback is like as good as on Android. Everything is working? Yeah. Also audio? Yeah, of course. Because we have the same hardware codec and decoder. How about the Linux board on this one? On 96 boards. Do you have everything working or not yet? So far the Linux and Debian OS are S900. We are trying to make it in-pict completely. So far we didn't have release, Debian and Linux OS. But Android SDK we already have and ready to release. What's the price? How much? We'll cost. So far we don't have the overall price. Not sure yet. But maybe a very good price and people have 64 bit. Maybe... I think so.


That's right. Thank you very much Okay, well landscapes all have our interest and there is a need for more integrated action towards landscapes IDH is an organization that's worked in private sector supply chains and we recognize that the private sector is a Key driver of land use chains. So also in these landscapes approaches, they need to be part of the conversation Now is there a business case for businesses to get involved in protecting forest areas in restoring Yes, there is and that business case is related to either long-term productivity of Producing companies and it's often related to reputational risk for producing for companies that are sourcing from these landscapes IDH in the past has worked mainly in the supply chains and Although interventions have been meaningful especially focusing on social aspects the natural resource side of these single supply chain Interventions has been very limited because there are always multiple stakeholders that are addressing that are needed to address These cross-cutting issues like deforestation our new initiative is this initiative on sustainable landscapes It's starting in six landscapes now and there are five more coming and I'd like to illustrate a bit the work that is being done By an example from Kenya Now Kenya it's gonna come up shortly Kenya is is a country that is producing a lot of tea and the engagement of IDH has also been around the tea sector in The Kenya landscape program we're working in the southwest Mao forest and the Mao forest complex is an important water tower in Kenya So it's an region that is maintaining a lot of what resources for the country And it's also a region that has been heavily deforested in the in the past ten years partially because of political handouts of land But also because of population growth now the tea sector is also important for the livelihoods of people in that region and Our initial work there together with the tea companies and other stakeholders, of course has been around providing livelihoods Intensifying tea yields providing farmer field schools not only focusing on tea But also focus on diversification of livelihoods So here you see examples of that like poultry farming Rabbit farming dairy farming intensification To sustain the livelihoods of the growing population in the landscape But there is an issue with the tea around Kirito and that is related to changes in the microclimate because of deforestation tea yields have reduced significantly and The tea estates and also the smallholders are suffering from that changes in the microclimate and changes in the water Availability in the region sometimes their droughts sometimes their floods So there's increasing momentum for the stakeholders to come together and that is what we've started to convene since 2014 Working with the businesses the communities and the different governments of the different districts in the region to sit together And together make a plan. How are we going to save the forest because we all recognize we need it? now of course While planning and doing research into drivers of deforestation and what interventions may be needed It was also important to keep the process practical. So the initiatives that were just easily started. We called them no regret options Are related to tree planting working with three nurseries with the communities and Meanwhile, the strategy was formed with the group of stakeholders on what needed to be done And that was related to maintaining and protecting the forest Improving governance of the forest, but also creating more sustainable livelihoods Sustainable energy options because also the tea sector consumes a lot of energy for tea drying And water conservation Now first for the and I'm gonna tell you a bit about the interventions that we're looking into now with the stakeholders That we can co-fund and for which we're mobilizing additional investors to make that work over the longer term These relate first to putting in a physical barrier or creating more buffer zones for communities where they can have The benefits of the forest without having to go into the forest, but also better governance is needed Not only depending on the Kenya forest service, but also on multiple stakeholders collaborating in monitoring the forest Because there is still a lot of charcoal production and a lot of people entering the forest illegally, which is causing forest degradation besides that New energy solutions are being needed. So alternatives are being sought after and are now being promoted by the coalition Related to household energy, but also more efficient use of energy in the tea sector A third important element is going to be related to combining is going to be related to Intensification of dairy farming because there's a lot of cattle entering the forest due to grays which is leading to forest degradation and With support communities are now entering dairy farming systems where they have more production and more yields per head of cattle Water availability is also important. The communities need water that is coming from the forest But it's drying up. So protection of springs and wells is also a key intervention and hotspots are now being protected with this type of well protection schemes And of course as a water tower Protection of the forest is important for the hydropower companies that are Generating power from the water that is coming from this landscape So also the hydropower companies are part of this coalition are investing in forest restoration for their own good So actually this work has led to the realization of all these different groups of stakeholders that they depend on the mouth forest complex for the long-term productivity within the region and Also them conversing together has led to this plan of action and also more focused mobilization of resources to start addressing this So it's one of our pioneering landscapes And it's very promising to see that this business case although many people argue that it's not there is actually being strongly recognized by these global companies that are producing in the region and This being acted upon by these practical examples in the field And it's all multi-stakeholder work So it's the companies the communities and the government closely collaborating and I think that is a very promising signal And I hope to be together can mobilize many more of these types of interventions going forward So this is the slogan of the people that are in the mouth forest complex. It's building our flourishing future And I hope that that is an effort that we can all Try and replicate and learn from in the future. Thank you


Good morning guys. Welcome to vlogmas day 12. I had to look that up in the classroom first one So that's why I can vlog because no one's here We're the scrub cap because my hair is so dirty and Yeah, that's pretty much the updates. I don't know what we're gonna do today We're probably gonna go to the lab fingers crossed and yeah we have to present like a Instrument that we created so that's another thing. We're doing and other than that Yeah, I don't really know so oh I'm writing to rise a cycle bar because my friend's gonna try it So I don't know if she'll be in the vlog fingers crossed. Maybe she'll like Give her first impression of it, but I'm excited for that.  So yeah, um, I don't have like that much time So we'll see how much I can like get done All right, so I met a new friend His name is Brian and he and his girlfriend were at the Winter Park library and he asked me if what I was doing I was like, yeah, I'm editing a YouTube video. So he has a marketing company. So if you are in need Here we go slab marketing. Check them out. You want to say anything? Yeah, check them out Okay, so I just got some chicken nuggets with fries and chick-fil-a I'm gonna eat this pretty fast I got the eight count because I knew like I didn't have like a lot of time So I got the nuggets and fries Before I go to spin class and I had a park in the garage because I Gave up my parking spot to go get chick-fil-a. So anyway, I could get Dinner after the seven o'clock class, but since I'm double riding like I barely have enough energy to do like the one class But like with not eating anything. So I might as well just eat something before Both of the classes and then maybe I'll have like some pretzels or like chips when I get home I don't know cuz I'll probably be hungry. But anyway Yeah, I needed to have something before I like took two rides Just a must So I guess I'll just burn some extra calories by walking further Okay, so I'm so sorry that this vlog is so short. Um, I Think this is like the first day I feel like I failed vlogmas because I didn't get like any Really any footage, but at least my friend actually was in it just a little bit and I met a new friend Like that's like really cool. I that's kind of like how I like to meet people just like randomly and like naturally like that and He knows people so that like in the end if You know, he's like I want you to meet blah blah because these friends with I guess some content creators Like that's just so cool. But anyway, I'm just gonna end this here Um, I hope you guys enjoyed this video as much as you could again. This is just like my life and Stuff so anyway, thanks for watching. Don't forget to subscribe like comment whatever And I'll see you guys in my next video. Bye


So that is when I have some written notes and I also have some notes on my computer and generally I like to study with noise So I'll either have the TV going or some headphones in with music playing or a show running So that I have something that is playing in the background to help me because I cannot do just pure quiet So if you do hear some noise in the background, that's probably the TV because I will have it going And I usually study in one hour blocks That tends to work best for me just being able to actually study for an hour break or For a few minutes 10 to 15 minutes and then go back and study again for another hour So I will be studying pathophysiology for an hour Let me know in the comment section below what you're studying with me And if you guys like these types of videos, just let me know in the comment section below as well And I will do some more for you all. All right, so we're gonna be studying for an hour I'm gonna be doing patho. You're gonna be doing what you're studying and we're gonna knock this out and do amazing And we're gonna catch some a's. All right, so let's do it My first hour of studying Study for another hour, touch the system of the heart, and then I'm gonna go to bed And I suggest you guys do the same. So go ahead take a break Maybe 10-15 minutes. If you really liked this video and you like studying with me just leave it in the comment section below and I will do more of them and Just let me know again what you guys were studying and what your thank you guys so much for joining me


And also, Senator Luremi Tinobu has called for increased investment in women to accelerate progress in all economic sectors. She emphasized that investing in women is not just a charity, but a strategy to build Nigeria's future. Tinobu called for cooperation from all stakeholders and encouraged women to help each other. She also called for collective efforts to achieve urgent women to pull up one sister at a time. This call comes as the world celebrates International Women's Day every March 8. In a swift reaction to the key snap of more than 200 pupils in chicken local government area of Kadena State and insecurity in other parts of the country, First Lady of Nigeria, Luremi Tinobu is calling for capital punishment for kidnapping. This, she says, will serve as a deterrent for the heinous crime in the country. She says the abduction of schoolchildren is hampering the right of education and free movement of all. We take hold of them and deserve capital punishment. Why don't they take people their size? What are they torturing our children? What they are doing is trying to kill our future. We all know parents when we are old, we rely on our children and we see them that our investment has not gone to waste, especially when they are successful. Why would you go and take them from schools? Why? I don't really know. But right now, I think enough is enough. As a former lawmaker, I believe that any one of them captured is a capital punishment. I say it and I believe most mothers would believe that. So you get notified about fresh news updates.


So I'm Dr. Elio Pedro. I'm the section chief of genetics at Joseph M. Sanzari Children's Hospital at Hackensack University Medical Center. So within the field of genetics, what we try to do is understand why is it that a patient has a specific condition or specific variation of normal, as we sometimes refer it to it. Why is it that the child might have some learning difficulties? Or why is it that the patient might have some anatomical variation? Is that something that just happened? Or is that a genetic aspect to it? Also, if that's a family history of some genetic condition, obviously, we see those patients and try to understand what's causing that and to provide information to the patient. My personal care philosophy is to really do the best I can for every single patient. And that might sound very simple, and I hope that every clinician has the same philosophy. But it's really what we try to do. And it could be as simple as listening to the patient and try to help them go through whatever it's happening at that time to really get into more comprehensive care. But just try the best you can every day to do the best you can for that patient, because that's what they deserve.


Alright, it's 11-11. We're gonna go ahead and get started and hopefully folks will figure out that they should start filtering into rooms Because it's just not gonna be as much interesting conversation in the hallway My name is Dormin Draewitz. I'm on the pivotal team My name is Ben Kranich. I'm from SAP working in SAP cloud platform as a technical lead And so we had the pleasure of co-chairing this track, which is the user stories track A little bit of background I guess for folks. How many folks this is their first CF summit? Okay, welcome. All right welcome a Little bit of history there for a long time was a cloud foundry in the enterprise track Which was really kind of the one place where you know very consciously the user stories could be sort of funneled into and Over the years we started to get a lot of user stories And so some of us were advocating to the foundation to make a little bit more room in the overall agenda at CF summit to Kind of make it obvious for folks who were submitting that they had lots of places where they could share their stories So this has kind of evolved and this year you'll find especially in the hallway, you know cloud foundry for business cloud foundry for developers cloud foundry for operators and even in the the kind of extensions and cloud foundry 101 Sort of core technical tracks. You'll actually find user stories Distributed across all of them because there's so much participation from end users at this conference Which is one of the reasons I think it's very special And so, you know this one we kind of had to evolve what the user stories was really going to be about So, I don't know if you want to say a few words about that, right? So basically we had a conversation around how are we going to like select the talk So you essentially get way more submissions than we we have slots in the track So we had a conversation around how we would actually Select stuff and basically we said yeah, we want to hear end user stories. So And then we had an interesting conversation around like what's with operators are these end users in the definition of that track? And I think we concluded and said yes, of course like operators are end users, too So that's how we how we came to the selection and it's a mix of end user end users and operator end user stories And there's a lot of benefit of kind of sometimes hearing the failure stories, right hearing the challenges and I As you know in the in at Pivotal in our customer marketing group we get asked, okay It's great to hear the successes, but you know We need to hear the hard stuff, too And so there are a couple of talks in particular in the lineup today that are very focused around, you know Things got hard and here's how we work through them So just to kind of quickly give you a preview of what's in store in this particular track today You know well we're going to start off with Bavani from Nasdaq Which is kind of a new user story and so in terms of what we've seen through the years have a sort of heard a talk from Nasdaq So I'm excited about that and the dot-net angle was also interesting And so you know always want to kind of That's an important workload and a lot of enterprises and so how are people navigating? You know where they're running their dot-net You want to take the next one sure, of course Then we'll hear from Stark and Wayne about Story around data centers exploding ultimately, but then like that story turning out in a good way So it's called a success story Here is to hear how they turned that Catastrophic situation into a success ultimately yeah, and that's one where they're they're a vendor working very closely with end-users So you know looking through the actual description the abstract it was based on something that happened with one of their clients So sort of a proxy for the end user The next one after that the is a deep dive. So just a heads up This is the the third one that we have lined up here is a 60 minute session all the other ones are 30 minute sessions So here we're gonna hear from from State Farm and the you know the cracks in the foundation definitely got my attention Right in terms of what are some of those failure stories? What are some of those challenge stories that we can all sort of learn from and you know? Usually there's kind of there's there's sunshine at the other end of the rainbow, but there's some storm clouds You know along the way and you know also State Farm again An end user that we haven't heard from at CF summit so having the opportunity to get that story out was definitely one We wanted to select Right then the next one the local heroes from Comcast ultimately and I guess we've already heard yesterday And also today around the scale at which they are using cloud foundry So Tim is is going to talk about how they were actually Overcoming challenges when it comes to scaling cloud foundry to levels that I think only very few cloud foundry Users have reached and so it's good for like everybody who is on that journey to basically see what what's ahead of them And how to also deal with certain Situations and challenges when it comes to scaling up. Yeah, absolutely one of those we can all learn together From those who forged the path ahead the the next talk after that the Air Force Actually last year in Boston. We had a couple of talks from the Air Force So we've been hearing a little bit from them. This one caught my attention because the the tested Air Force I've I've confirmed the AF stands for Air Force just In case anyone was wondering Got that one writing but testing all the things something that you know personally I feel really passionate about I see someone in their Concourse team t-shirt over there But just you know for the customers that we see see that are really successful on the platform You know thinking about how you know Writing the tests and implementing the test automation and kind of going beyond sometimes the obvious of the unit tests It seems to be really critical in success And so having a user like the Air Force that's that's you know Been deploying a lot of really critical systems on to Cloud Foundry sharing some of their wisdom from that seemed like a really valuable story to share And then last but not least like I talked about Comcast being on the upper scale of Cloud Foundry consumption The last one is Jared from Demand Bridge accompanied by Brian from Stark and Wayne Talking about how a small business can actually benefit from Cloud Foundry and and how also Focusing on the core business and the core business values Basically made them successful using Cloud Foundry Yeah, it's I think sometimes there's a little bit of a notion that oh Cloud Foundry is only for like giant enterprises And so it definitely stood out to us that oh, you know, this is kind of one of those stories that I think will help Challenge that perception of the project. So looking forward to hearing that we've got Just two minutes. I think we'll kind of unless there are any questions Usually, there's not a lot of deep questions for the track intro, but that was the easy part I'm like the speakers have now the harder part. I'm always willing to be proven wrong With that we'll have Bavani and a lot of come up to help set up. So Enjoy the day make sure you're live tweeting and and thank you for being here. Thanks


If we show you a random shape, your eyes will send the information to your brain, which will then decide what to do with it, perhaps not much. If we show you another shape, your senses will again send it to your brain, but now it might be able to find some related information that was stored in your memory. You may have forgotten, but when you were young, you knew nothing. The first time you saw a particular shape, it was meaningless. Over time and in search for order, you started to recognize patterns. One day, someone gave that particular thing meaning. Your mind labelled it as important and decided to store it for future use. Next time you see this or that shape, you might want to pause and pay tribute to the fact that there are more connections in your brain than stars in the universe, here to help you organize inputs, thoughts and memories to get you through life.


Good morning, everyone. Thank you for joining us. I am very happy to welcome all of you to City Hall Park as we approach an important milestone in our collective response to the COVID-19 pandemic. As of this morning, more than 72% of the eligible population of Chittenden County has received at least their first dose of the vaccine, and 89.6% of those 50 and older have reached that threshold. That means that, as of this morning, 99,817 people in Chittenden County have been vaccinated. With a daily average of about 1,000 vaccines administered in Chittenden County, we are confident that, together, we will pass 100,000 vaccines administered before certainly before the week is over. We think it's going to happen today. I want to be absolutely clear, while this is an important achievement that we can all be proud of, it has been truly a collective effort, it does not mean that our job is done. Further, there remain significant disparities in vaccination rates between BIPOC communities and non-Hispanic white residents in Chittenden County and across the state that must be an area of continued focus, resources and effort. We must continue to work together as we have for the last year to ensure the health of our community and the strength of our recovery. We also need to change and adapt our strategies in recognition of what barriers to access remain for many residents. The city has been in discussions with the state of Vermont for weeks and is ready to support expanded vaccination options, and Burlington should be on the lookout for news, Burlingtonians should be on the lookout for news about walk-up vaccination opportunities at North Beach and right here on Church Street. Our goal is to make it as easy as possible for monitors who have been waiting, unsure, who have had challenges getting access to join the large and growing group of Chittenden County residents who are fully vaccinated. Everyone should know these vaccines are safe, they are free and they are helping bring down infection rates in our county dramatically. Just a month ago we were at an all-time high of 106 people and one day got infected, and now this week in recent days there have been less than 10. This event is bringing together some of our most essential partners in achieving these these outcomes. In a moment I'm going to have the pleasure of an honor of inviting Senator Patrick Leahy here to the podium. We will also hear this morning from Kara Al-Nazrawi, the director of the Church Street Marketplace and our Economic Recovery Director. Pitt, Keo Manivan, who is our community development specialist and has been leading an effort we call the Trusted Community Voices Program that has been a key part of this pandemic response. Jacob Bugray, the head of AALV, the Association of Africans Living in Vermont, is with us this morning. Mark Hughes, the head of the Racial Justice Alliance is joining us today and we'll hear from Mark and Blaine and Tensei, who has many hats here in this community. She is the head of the Vermont Professionals of Color, which has been a big part of the the pandemic response. I'm also proud to say she's part of the city team as a member of the Racial Equity Inclusion and Belonging team and we'll hear from Blaine. This incredible group has worked tirelessly to ensure that throughout the pandemic, Burlington has been one of the safest communities in America. In addition, our entire city team, in addition to thanking our entire city team, I also want to thank our dedicated healthcare providers, state officials, local businesses, many public and private partners, and most importantly, every Burlingtonian and Chittenden County resident who has worn a mask socially distanced and signed up for a vaccine. My message to everyone today is don't let up. Continue your hard work and together we can look forward to a future not far away where our lives expand once again and together we can enjoy all that Burlington and Vermont have to offer. 100,000 vaccinations is an important milestone and a testament to the vaccine's safety and effectiveness and now is the time to get your friend and neighbor vaccinated. We are especially grateful to be able to recognize today the work of Senator Leahy who along with Senator Sanders and Congress and Welch ensured that through the American Rescue Plan Act the City of Burlington is receiving $27 million to support our ongoing public health efforts in our economic recovery initiatives. This is after a year in which the federal government played an incredible role working with the state and local government ensuring that we had the resources here at the state and local level to do the work that we are celebrating this morning. Because of the passage of the ARPA Act we have gone from having a severely constrained budget with the prospect of years of very challenging budgets ahead Senator to one where we are coming forward with a full service budget that makes strategic new investments and that does this while minimizing the impact on local taxpayers who are still recovering from this deep recession. We'll talk when I introduce Kara a little bit more about action that we're hoping the city council takes on Monday to keep the momentum and keep making the investments going and that's only possible Senator because because of your work. This is the ARPA is of course just the most recent example of decades of incredible actions that Senator Leahy has taken that have protected Burlington that have protected the entire state made us stronger made us better and we are so honored Senator for you to join us here today be with us in in this brand new city all park. I'm going to turn over the podium to you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you Mayor and like you said I I agree with them what we're accomplishing and I forgive me for taking the picture but you know I can't I can't be without a I can't be without a camera and although I hasten to add that I'll never catch up to my son a lot who first been one of President Obama's photographers that is now Vice President Harris's chief photographer so thank you for bringing me here Marcel and I have been all over the state in the last couple of months and I remember before the sense of pessimism and I now see it changing to optimism I think that we are we really are turning the corner as we were walking up and down Church Street I want to see more of these doors open I want to see the people out there doing the things we normally do I look at the at the Flynn they say help us reopen soon I think when the tremendous gathering we had there not that long ago when I invited John Lewis to come up here and we had just standing room only and the thrill that was but as he said to me afterward this is a community look at the diversity look at the people here look at the question look at the young people look at the excitement and that's what we want to go back to and I want everybody to roll up your sleeves and get vaccinated I like the high numbers we have we still have people need to be vaccinated I talked with grandson Patrick who is now 15 and he's going to get his vaccination in a few days a 16-year-old sister already has hers of course his parents do as do Marcel and I and the rest of our family it is essential that you do that so I would hope that we we have to keep going you know our lives our country has been divided for many different reasons some political some because of the pandemic bring us back together one thing that will do that is all of us all of us being vaccinated the pandemic has had an outsize impact on on Bipark Americans both health-wise and economically I mean that's that's the kind of double whammy nobody wants to have to face we've gotten billions of dollars in aid but some of the programs were confusing hard to access and I have been working since I became chairman of the appropriations committee officially in January and as president pro tem I have been bringing together republicans and democrats and members of the administration and roe I've talked about you and what you've done here and I said let's let's bring this back together I you know we talk about the cameras I bring these pictures everywhere I go that I take here I know after Hurricane Irene anytime I'd walk in the Oval Office President Obama say everybody pause Patrick's going to have pictures to show us I said now that you mentioned it but the pictures show what we are and I wanted to I want everybody to unite it I look at the pictures on my desk over here my five grandchildren my black grandchildren and my white grandchildren I want the world to be the same for all of them and I know you do and we will and so I'm I can keep the money coming and I will but you have to spend it well you don't mind I think that was I think that was okay if you gotta send it Patrick send the money damn it we'll take it but it there is an advantage Bernie's got the budget committee I have the appropriations committee in the next year a lot of the parts we have to fill in are going to go through the appropriations committee I would urge you I've got all the members of my office here John Tracy Chris Sanders poly major call them and say look this program is working right this one's not sending money here or not here we'll listen so roe I'm glad you're doing this I'm proud of you I'm proud of Burlington I think of the you know this is the city where Marcel and I were married long before all of you were born and where we spent time our kids growing up when I was state's attorney and had my first office and a senator in that building and this is a special place let's bring it back not to where it was before but even better even better there where it was before thank you so I was pointing out of this is uh an echo echo hat another institution here in Burlington that wouldn't exist without the senator's leadership and which I've had had the pleasure to serve as a board member on years ago I we're gonna hear from a few other people in a moment but before we do I just want to say on behalf of all Burlingtonians and Vermonters again senator thank you we know that literally without for your work without you being in the leadership roles that you're in and using that leadership to help help Vermonters what would be happening now it has it has it has been the difference between hundreds of millions of millions of dollars coming to Vermont at this key moment and it's uh few few people get to do this work work in government have that kind of impact at a key moment and we're we're so grateful thank you senator and yes those are those are key members of the city team excited about the message the more money is going to keep coming library parks arts uh all cheering that on there we're gonna we're this team is going to do everything we can to keep Burlington that special place you talked about senator all right next we're gonna hear from and maybe she'd come on up uh Cara here she is come on up Cara is both the director of the church tree marketplace and um over recent months has taken on an important additional role which is the director of the recovery and as our economic recovery director Cara is overseeing this deployment of new federal funding some of which will support the extension again of the public health initiatives that led to this uh this milestone um and she also is leading the city team effort to design new initiatives that are going to boost and really help lead the economic recovery those economic investments that are coming in the in the weeks ahead will include mobile placemaking free and reduced cost recreation such as uh free paddle boarding and bike rentals for all to really bring to reopen the the waterfront and the downtown for all Burlingtonians um pop up markets new public art programming and um and and getting the word out about all Burlington has to offer making it clear that uh in the weeks ahead Burlington we're almost there Burlington will be fully reopened for business we also will take action in the coming weeks to make permanent important constituent services can sit constituent service capacity that's kind of a tongue twister as you can see for me at least created by the city during the pandemic including bridge funding for the resource and recovery center which has provided one on one direct support for thousands of Burlingtonians over the course of the last year and immediate translation of city documents into seven languages with these ongoing efforts and more to come I'm confident that Burlington will remain an example of collaboration and forward progress through the many challenges and opportunities ahead Kara's gonna make make good on those words and welcome to the podium Kara thank you thank you hi good morning everyone um I'll keep it brief because the mayor covered many of the points already I'm Kara on the Sraue just to give you background in the past year as the mayor mentioned um I've been running the church street marketplace but I've also my team and I have spent a lot of time guiding the business community through what was a painful shutdown and an arduous process of applying for grants and loans and now the slow reopening of the economy and now we're really happy to be looking forward to a full economic recovery while we understand that the health response hasn't gone yet and we're the city team is still very much focused on that I have the pleasure of focusing on reopening the economy fully and getting it reactivated and revitalized thanks to all the ARPA funding that our our senators and our congressmen have gotten for us we have this amazing one-time opportunity and we need to obviously be careful with this money and invest it in our community in the near term future we will be focusing on using these funds for just an equitable recovery from a health well-being and economic perspective we're looking to reactivate the community and the economy as the mayor said with beautification and activities that everyone can enjoy we're especially looking as the mayor mentioned to more streamlined ways to connect with our residents what we are doing right now is tracking some the most amazing programs and opportunities that are coming down from the federal and state governments and we need a clear streamlined way to connect our constituents and our residents with these amazing one-time opportunities to make sure that everyone has a seat at the table and is able to take advantage of these once in a lifetime funds coming down this includes ensuring that all members of our community are aware of what's coming down the pipeline and how they can access it even the members of our community who are non-native English speakers which brings me to our next speaker which is Pet Kail Manivan and she has been working really closely with our trusted community voices team which is helping to get a lot of this information out to our community to make sure that everyone has access to it we see this as a vital part of our just recovery and an equitable recovery and i look forward to helping working with pet further to make sure that all of these economic opportunities reach all of our residents and as the mayor and senator lehi said it feels like this is more of a positive time in our community and we really look forward to reopening and welcoming everyone back thank you pit morning everybody thank you car thank you mayor thank you senator um my name is pet kail manivan and um i'm community development specialist in sido the role of my job is focused on is on public engagement um and from the early eighties we've been a resettlement um location which has made our population more diverse ethnically and racially burlington school district records show that there are over 45 languages in our school systems as spoken students homes however however many of our communications and infrastructure outreach systems do not reach our full community the current COVID-19 pandemic to get out information to the public made it all the more urgent for the city to increase language access efforts and a broad use a broad range of communication methods and create multilingual health public education outreach to be more informed for our full residents to find relief and to make decisions with this in mind we implemented translation and interpretive services in our resource and recovery center created multilingual citywide mailers monthly newsletters psas and updated our websites we also implemented a new engagement team called the trusted community voices led by sido the trusted community voices hired five liaisons from the nepalese samali congolese rundian and vietnamese communities these trusted community voices liaisons helped develop strategies to further help the city reach the full diversity of their community which helped the the residents find utility information about utility housing grants unemployment benefits food assistance programs and the liaisons also helped hand out thousands of masks and also helped with COVID-19 testing and vaccine information so this led to much more actionable processes and programs to help improve equitable distribution and outcomes the trusted community voices not only shared essential government information but they also established a two-way good communication and relationship with BIPOC and refugee communities for burlington robust community engagement provides an opportunity to transform burlington by identifying and addressing challenges in much more of a collaborative manner this creates much more just and equitable communities through this continued work of expansion of language access and the trusted community voices we will build a much more authentic relationship that promotes racial diversity inclusion and creates more equitable opportunities and systems across our city departments in our city towards a path towards recovery together thank you everybody thank you pit okay next we are going to hear from jacob bugray who with his team at alv have been just remarkable during this pandemic since february sorry we'll pause for this okay so just want to say a little bit about the work that jacob and and the whole alv team have done working alongside us cri vermont they have run special vaccination clinics for people with limited english skills in both burlington and winewski they've delivered food to those in need throughout the pandemic they've tirelessly advocated on behalf of the immigrant refugee communities such that there have been translator trusted communicators from many different groups essentially at every state vaccination and testing site they are in short a major reason why our community has fared so well in this pandemic jacob thank you for your service and welcome here this morning thank you so much good morning everyone my name is a yakuha jacob bugray and i work with the association of africans living environment alv over the past year we have been grateful to live in a community such as vermont and in a state that has always welcomed newcomers we would not have been able to do what we did if it was not because of the support of the states the cities of winewski and burlington our partners like usri the department of health and all the neighbors who have been calling to see how they can help and support our work and also referring their neighbors who are in need of care we could not afford to work remotely like many agencies we closed between march and july 6 and had to reopen because families were coming or visiting case managers at their homes seeking help so we had to work on a target schedule until today but we were able to do so because we got funding from the state and the city to work safely in our office but as the mayor said to also continue to provide support to the communities that we are supporting and working with in vermont after the initial phase of testing and educating on the importance of testing and isolating we had to shift gears towards vaccine and since the beginning of february we're able to support nine one thousand nine hundred and fourteen individuals access the clinics and this represents over 600 households 104 caregivers and as of today 1175 individuals got their second dose this is an average of 3.1 per household and it is our hope that in the coming days many families that have not been able to access the clinics will also be able to attend and work towards protecting each order so we can go back to normal but we could not have done so without the help of everyone here the state our congregational the delegation the department of health and usri that have been working closely with us and reaching and calling and also helping to enroll families to the clinics as we look forward to going back to normal i would like to emphasize on one thing many of our families cannot afford to work remotely or work from home these are men and women who lost their jobs during the pandemic and would continue to do so if we don't invest strategically in supporting their need one of the biggest group that has suffered is women mainly single mothers with children they couldn't afford their kids because it is not affordable and it is not even available i hope that the care act funding that we are getting would look at investing strategically towards day cares and childcare so kids at least from three years old do not have to have their parents pay for that school this should be part of the school district and the school system and it is really important to invest in this early education so parents can go back to work learn new skills that can help them empower their life and give back to that state hopefully this is something that we'll consider before i ends i would like also to ask our delegation here to look at helping our families that are still looking to reunite with their loved one that are still languishing in the refugee camps many families are still suffering and they are still separated and we hope that in the coming days the country will look at a comprehensive immigration reform that could help with legal immigration and unite our families thank you thank you jacob for for jacob thank you for that bringing attention to that the issue of the need for comprehensive immigration reform at the end there's no doubt that burlington was dramatically negatively impacted by the trump era policies that so dramatically reduced the number of refugees and individuals relocating to burlington it's welcome that the biden administration is reversing that and we look forward to working with you to and the senator to see that change positive change in immigration policy continuing two more speakers and then we'll we'll take some questions it's my pleasure to introduce blaine entente entente who is one of the city and community's biggest stars she's an outstanding part of the racial equity inclusion and belonging team as i mentioned before but she is really here today in one of her other hats her role as the operational leader of the bipoc clinics begun in march of this year i'll let blaine fill in some of the details about those clinics as well as her organization the vermont professionals of color i'm grateful for her work her leadership and really her wisdom she's personally given me a lot of great counsel and focus in recent months and really years now she's been with the city team and we appreciate her commitment to addressing the deep and long-standing inequities in our community blaine welcome thank you mayor weinberger thank you senator and everyone else who's spoken today i am blaine entente today i'm doing um work for the professionals of color network of vermont it's a it's a group that's focused on the empowerment and the uplifting of bipoc professionals of color um but really all bipoc people in vermont we are a professional network and somehow we're now doing clinics and i couldn't tell you how we got into that but but we're here because we're trying to fill all the gaps that everyone talked about today the disparity in hospitalizations the disparity in cases are now leading us today to a disparity in vaccination rates um so our clinics are really set up to do that but before going into that all of this is really because of the community partner effort that we have today we have representatives from the vermont racial justice alliance when you ski strong vermont uvm lend program the black perspective we have obviously the racial equity inclusion belonging department and so many other bipoc partners here today with us who've been volunteering their time effort energy resources and expertise at the clinics that we have every saturday these clinics were stood up this is our eighth week now doing these clinics in burlington that are focused on bipoc people and the households in an effort to reduce that vaccination disparity which has gone down throughout the state but of course in chinden county we're still working on reducing that disparity it is an example of true community partnership when institutions reach out to community partners that are led by bipoc people who can speak for and bring in representation from the rest of our community it wouldn't be possible without without all the partners that we have so really a huge thanks to all of our partners and the continued effort that we have the clinics themselves are happening every week like i said this is our eighth week of doing this and we started out as a partner effort in collaboration with the city of burlington which provided a lot of personnel and resources and now we're a completely community partner led and we'll be growing into a bigger operation as we move forward but as of now our clinics provide a way for us to mitigate all of the different access challenges that that a lot of bipoc community members have not to mention the historical harm that institutions have done to bipoc communities in public health and health care but also what we're dealing with in the last year of this pandemic in cases in deaths in hospitalization disparities and now that we're taking into our vaccination rates but our our clinics offer an opportunity for a simple registration process one that has more case management and support throughout your process one where you can call a phone and get a direct line to someone who can answer all your questions and who can support you the whole way and when you get to our clinics you're received by people who look like you and i'm speaking more to the bipoc community now directly is that there are people who look like you at these clinics who will support you who will greet you there is music at these clinics it is the least clinical clinic that you could ever go to and we want to keep it that way we have to thank st st paul cathedral church in burlington for for giving this space week after week and continuing to offer this space for the rest of the summer um and once you get inside the registration process is simple you get in and you're greeted and the clinic flow and you have someone to walk you through this whole clinic that looks like you vaccinators as much as we can that look like you um an environment that's set up for you and meant to to hold space for you um and as we wait these clinics have become a community resource and a community gathering place at this point there is the the average 15 minute wait time that were supposed to wait but people stay much longer they stay for a community they stay for the first time in an anxious year of this pandemic that we're allowed to see each other in person some after being fully vaccinated allowed to hug each other in person which somehow now is a crazy thing to think about and then people stick around we have pastors coming in and doing prayer for some folks we have people networking there we have other people seeing each other's family that they haven't seen for so long so really um i can't emphasize enough that these clinics are are more than just a place to get your vaccine it's a a place to build community and to support each other after a year of not being able to do so um but i can't say all that without understanding that we have much more to do as we've said as i've said today the disparity in chitin county is still very great and and the fact that disparity even if we get to parity won't really be enough because uh blackpaw communities are being being hit the hardest and dying the most and being hospitalized the most throughout the nation so so our our vaccination rates in my opinion should be even higher um and that and that we are working with these community partnerships and we're thankful for all of the contributors that have been part of this we look forward to continuing to do that these clinics will evolve as need evolves as eligibility opens up for younger folks we'll be bringing youth into into the fold and we're excited to do that too when they're ready um so vermont professionals of color network is doing this work now and like i said it's crazy that a professional network is doing clinics but it goes beyond clinics it goes beyond just vaccinations the economic recovery is still something that is is top of mind for all of us here at the city at the network among all of our BIPOC partners because we know that when there is an economic recession it is black and brown people that are hit the hardest and that recovered the least quickly from it and sometimes never at all so with that i say there's more work to do senator lehi i appreciate your offer for funding we will take it if you have it um so let me know uh thank you all for your time thank you mayor weinberger thank you blaine um and now uh our final speaker it will be mark hughes from the racial justice alliance um mark has really taught vermont a great deal in his service he championed the declaration of racism as a public health emergency and played a key role in the city officially making that declaration last summer and he is continuing to work at the state level to ensure that the state also recognizes this public health emergency he he and the racial justice alliance have been one of the key partners supporting the BIPOC clinics here in burlington um we have while we're again we're we're noting a significant milestone here today we do so while being very aware there's a lot of work ahead of us there are many there are disparities within the covid 19 response um and many other elements of public health that will require years of work ahead i look forward mark to working with you on that and i'm really pleased and appreciative that you're joining us this morning thank you mr mayor first of all i think the last time i spoke with you senator when we were together i think we were in we were at the democratic national head the democratic headquarters in in my pillar and i think they accidentally introduced me after you and i i told you i said thank you for the warm introduction and i felt like i was a little bit more important um but it's good to see you again and i thank you for all your service um and the secret service protection here kind of i am mark hughes and i am the executive director of the racial justice alliance and i'm really pleased to be with all of you this morning and i'm excited about the work of the city as we continue to move forward um this these initiatives that have been in play you know there's been many of them and this this whole idea of uh what we're doing with um addressing the bipod clinics uh initially partnering with the city and then um lifting up and supporting the the network and and continue to do that work incredibly important uh at the time um you know for this time and um just appreciate the effort but it has not been without um difficulties and systemic difficulties have brought us challenges along the way and i think that has to be noted because um you know it's been largely because of the resilience and the tenacity of the black and brown folks that are running these clinics that they've been successful not that anything has been handed to them or that the situation was you know put in place for them to be necessarily successful uh from timelines on when uh when decisions were made on and as far as vaccination um the vaccination of a bipod clinic to various decisions that have been made along the way and the systemic um issues that contributed to those decisions all of them have been challenging and i think it should be it's very important uh not to you know go too far into this without at least acknowledging that but as we move forward also understanding that it's because of these folks resilience it's because of their tenacity and because of the hard work that they're putting in that we're putting in that has made us that has made this possible so i just want to acknowledge you and just give a shout out to every single one of the folks especially uh belain intense for the hard work that has been put into this effort i also want to say that yes uh senator lehi it is good it's very important that that we continue to bring money here we do we yes we will take that money and yes it is good uh you know that we continue to spend that money and yes it is good uh that we do set this economy back up and we and we get it working but we cannot go back to doing the same thing the same way before we got here and expect different the reason why black and brown people are hurt first and worse during this crisis is because we are always hurt first and worse during any crisis whether it was 9 11 whether it was the great recession or there's this one or when it becomes the next one and there will be a next one so now is the time not just for us to build back not just to build back better but to build back smarter and to build back more equitable now is the time for us to invest in creating and transforming some of these systems that are hurting us right now now is the time for us to move beyond just a desire an old white desire to get back to where we were and and approach a new right desire to take us to where we need to be because if we don't we will be back here again and what we've come to understand if nothing else through this crisis is is because black and brown people are hurt first and worse and because of our contribution to these communities everybody is hurt at the end of the day we found that out through vaccinations we found that out through testing and how much more do we need to discover to find out more and now what we're talking about right now is only covid housing education employment health services access economic development and the so-called criminal justice system all of them need systems changes because they are not serving our communities well and what that means is is we don't take money one time money lots of money and ask for more and take it and invest it in these same systems and take the small things that are hurting a lot of people and make them big things that hurt more people what we need to do is invest this money in smart ways where we're transforming these systems and invest these money in black and brown folks as we make this transformation we stood on the other side of this building as i conclude uh in september of last year i believe it was as we declared racism as a national as a public health emergency in the city of burlington we did that and i said to you that we cannot do it without a radical redistribution of political and economic power we have not seen that yet it is time that we've seen that senator lehi it's not enough for us to get more money mayor it's not enough for you to spend more money we got to do it right we got to do it right or we're going to keep doing this over and over and over again and again black and brown bodies are being hurt first and worse and at the end of the day it costs us all no we don't want normal we do not want to go back to normal what we want to go back to is right so as i prepare for my first shot tomorrow yeah you can give it up yes this is this process has enabled me to make a decision to do so and i've considered it carefully and seems seems like even the fda's thinking this thing is a good idea so i'll as i prepare for my first shot tomorrow i just you know i just want to again just give a shout out to everybody who's done the work um and also um you know remind you know remind you that the way in which we've done this work hasn't necessarily been the right way you know i want to leave you with just a a thought just for example you know when we start talking about you know economically you know how we invest in our black and brown communities that work does not stop at the a alv that work does not stop when we say that new americans are taking care of do we love new americans that is one of my best friends that is one of my best friends economically you are dividing us when you do that don't do that there's a broad community that we need to be addressing yes i said it publicly and it needs to be said more often your job is black folks does not equal immigrant and new americans hard stop let's get all of the work done because there are there is a lot of communities that are not benefiting from this economic development mr mayor let's get this right so thank you for your time have a great afternoon or morning or whatever it is okay um thank you mark thank you for your laser focus on making sure we continue making progress um i do just want to thank two other people here this morning we're not going to hear from but lewis calderon has also been a central part of this response by pock clinic response and appreciate your leadership lewis and uh brian lowe is here this morning and i know you've all seen him on our briefings has been the city's coven leader from the start and uh we wouldn't we wouldn't be at this milestone today brian without your personal commitment as well you've been a huge computer computer


Tech talk, let's talk about licensing. Now, I want to make it clear, obviously I'm not a lawyer, but I just want to talk a little bit about licensing here because it's something that a lot of people either don't think about or just completely misunderstand in some cases, and I'll give you an example a couple years ago I was talking to a friend of mine who works with computers and he basically goes around and helps people choose what software to use for their business, and he had absolutely no clue or understanding of what a software license is, and it can be confusing. It's because the conversation when I was talking about the GPL license and he just kept saying I don't understand why open source software needs a license, why does there need to be a license, and I was trying to explain to him that you can put your projects out there, you know, in the public domain for anybody to use, but when you create something, anything, you could draw a picture and right away you have a copyright on that. You have a copyright and what that means doesn't mean that other people can't use it, it means that other people can't use it without your permission, so you've got to give people permission, either they need to come to you and ask you for permission and you work out something, a deal, a license of some sort where you license it out to them, or you know you could use something like the GPL or the BSD license or the Apache license and you put it out there and people know what they can and can't do already with it and depending on what license you use, you might be able to also sub-license it under other things for certain uses. So he didn't understand that and finally I got down to the core of it was when you buy a Windows machine you have your product key that you type in when the end user license agreement comes up on the screen, when you're installing Windows and he thought that the product key was the license, not the end user license agreement that comes up on the screen. So that was part of the confusion. Here's a guy who as work, as for a living, helps people choose what software to use and he has no clue about how the rights of that software affect the user and what it means to the end user and when I say end user let me bring up another point something that a lot of people don't realize and I didn't realize up until not too long ago is that we all know that when you get proprietary software you have to agree to the end license user agreement and user license agreement and the thing is the GPL is not a license like that it is a distribution license it only has to do when you're distributing the software what you have to do with it what does that mean well let's say you take a piece of software the Linux kernel or the known desktop or genome or GNOME or however you say it or the KDE desktop or some other software that's unlicensed under the GPL or the BSD or the Apache license if you make changes that software do you have to publicly share those changes with everybody or with the with the maintainer with the original developer the project the answer is it depends if you're making those changes for yourself you don't have to if you're not publicly distributing it then you don't have to worry about that for example Microsoft currently has their own version of Linux that they use in-house Google does too so if you own a company or you do something personal and you can use it for that use that you're not sharing it with the public you can do basically whatever you want with it but something like the GPL when you share it when you post it back out there on the internet there are certain rules you have to follow you have to make your changes with the GPL you have to make your changes open and under the GPL and you have to make sure that source code and the license is distributed you distributed with it with it when you distribute it like that so that's one of the very big differences between a end user license agreement and the GPL or the BSD one is a end user license agreement and one is a distribution license they are two different things they're both software licenses but four different things and end user license agreement means to use this software you have to agree you to this stuff the GPL the BSD license the Apache license the MIT license they they don't excuse me you don't have to really agree to anything to use them you only have to agree to things when you're sharing them now there's also a bunch of different types of GPL licenses there's the GPL version 2 the GPL version 3 but there are also some other GPL licenses one being the AGPL and the AGPL what is the difference between the GPL and the AGPL at least the main difference is that as we were saying it has to do with distribution the AGPL takes it a step further so let's say you write a piece of software under the GPL code I take it and I'm using it on my web server on the back end it's a PHP code or a Python code running on the server that just outputs information so the end user never gets it it's not distributed to them it's running on my server well the GPL says I don't have to share the source code then I don't have to share the license then I can make changes I don't have to share my changes with people but if you write your your software under the AGPL code that requires people who are making modifications and using it on a server for example they still have to make their changes public and follow the license agreement in that case so that's a big difference there so when I'm writing software I use the GPL version 3 personally and I'll hear to debate which license is best because which license is best depends a lot on what you plan on doing with your software and for example I use the GPL version 3 but if I'm writing PHP code I usually release it under an AGPL license so that if someone takes it and uses it on a server and they make changes modify it and they're using it whereas people are interacting with it without actually getting that software they still have to follow those agreements and make the source code available and make sure people are aware of what license is being used and that's important to me that's important to me because I think that it's very important to give the user the freedom to change stuff so that's just something to think about maybe some things you haven't realized maybe I said something wrong and you want to dispute me go ahead and comment below because I'm not saying I am a professional on this subject but these are just things that a lot of people don't realize the difference between an end user license agreement and a distribution license and the difference between the AGPL and a regular GPL so yeah there's lots of differences again oh another thing I want to bring up is compatibility with licenses so example is the BSD and the GPL license compatible yes and no depends on which way you're going see the BSD license allows you to take that software and release it under a different license so I could take the the BSD code make changes to it and release my changes under the GPL code but the GPL is not doesn't go the other way since the BSD license allows you to change the code and allow you to release software in a non free format then it's not compatible with the GPL so BSD is compatible with GPL but the GPL is not compatible BSD did I say that properly so so that's something to think about if you write software under a BSD license that allows people to make changes and they don't necessarily have to follow the BSD license they can license under another license which is exactly what happens a lot with things such as you know Apple you know all their their their kernel and a lot of their software is was originally under the BSD license now the original code is still always under the BSD license so I write something that BSD my code is always going to be open and shared and that's a requirement but if you make changes to it you don't have to require your changes to be under the BSD license and shared where if I take code with the GPL and I modify and change it I have to use that GPL code or a compatible GPL code so that's another thing to think about again people argue which one is more free a lot depends on what your views are what you're using a software for I personally prefer the GPL because I think the code should always be open and free to people and I don't like the idea of someone be able to take take it modify and lock it down so the next person doesn't have those same freedoms with those changes other people would argue that the BSD license is more free because you are free to lock it down if you want and make make changes that are locked down so again just thought that I'd take a moment to do a little talk about that with what I know about those licenses or at least I think I know again if I'm wrong be sure to comment below if you have something you want to add comment below and again I'm not here to argue which license is better when it comes to GPL MIT BSD Apache license obviously I don't like you know the end user license agreements such as the Microsoft proprietary stuff but when I see someone using code I like to see it in the GPL but if someone is under the BSD license you know that's that's great because I can still make changes modify it and improve it and freely distribute it distribute it keep saying that funny anyway thanks for watching again my website filmsbychris.com that's Chris the K as always thanks for watching and I hope that you have a great day again like subscribe share and comment all those things helped me gratefully greatly if you want to support me financially I have a patreon account patreon.com forward slash mail x1000 but if you can't you know support me financially sharing my videos like my videos and commenting help boost my ratings and that helps me out a lot so thanks for watching and I hope that you have a great day