Hi, welcome to Techno, so here is the AIoT and I will introduce you to our production of the Techno MegaBoo series. MegaBoo S1 series with the 2023 version. So, this is our MegaBoo S1. We actually offer a super mega screen with 3.2K resolution and with the screen to 4D ratio of 90% degrees. And what's the most impressive is we cooperate with the latest Intel Core 13th generation i7 processors. So it's really high performance with another high light which is ultra thin. You can see the thin, it's only 13.5Kg and also the weight is 1.5Kg. So it's very easy to carry around, very easy to carry away. And it's very shiny, it's the ice blue light color, it's very elegant. With the different lines of the shape, you can see whites and blues in the face. So it's got a powerful Intel and a great display, 3.2K and the price is good? Yes, the price, also we have the 16GB of the RAM and we have up to 1TB SSD storage. And we also can get the high-performance release up to 35W. So it's really a high-performance laptop. And we have the TANNOBOO, any technosystem in offering the AI camera to success with the AI meeting with the voice pick up. With the human voice AI pick up. It's really a convenience for business creative person to use this laptop. And that's one thing that's very impressive. This is very small. And it's hot power? This is the 65W with the gain charger. It's the smallest charger of the laptop series. And it will not overheat, it's good quality, it's safe. It's 65W, nice. And is that the only product you have with the 65W charger? It's actually matched for all the MacBook series. And I also want to show you something that's very impressive with our technosm smartphone. So normally you just put right here a long camera. You just put on the touch panel and then it will automatically clean up. Nice, and then it shows your phone right there. As long as it's unlocked. And that's what's something really cool. We don't do zoom, we can do this via a chance where we only have three fingers. You can see it right here. Let's do the crystal leds. Crystal leds and three fingers swipe. It's immediately to the laptop. Did you see that? Yes. What did I just show you? So what was the price? So the price, it really depends on the market. It's about $1,300 in the USD dollars. Around $1,000. It's around $12GB and also... One terabyte. That's cool. And then you have smaller ones there. This is the fastest one this year? Yeah, this is the premium one with the i7 30th generation. And also we have the T1 is our first launcher of the Techno. So this is the first... Oh, we won so many awards. You want to record that as well? And here you have another one, a smaller one. T1. T1 is also the new model of this year. We have made the 14 inches with the large size, boneless vision. And also we have the upgraded battery with 75 watts. So it can support up to 18.5 hours of usage. Nice. That's really good. And we got the best of the family. Best of Mobile 100s for laptops. And also here.


Thank you so much all of you folks for coming and especially thank you so much for our panelists that you made it here and I'm very excited to have many interesting people on the stage here today so yeah let's get into it I would say let's start with a round of introductions so please tell us what project are you from what you work on within the project and we are a DEF CON so mention maybe your favorite cute animal or something like that favorite cute animal of yours sure my name is Paul Hauner co-founder of Sigma Prime which is the company that maintains Lighthouse also I guess a co-founder of Lighthouse I've been working on Ethereum staking since about 2018 was involved in founding Lighthouse I've written a good chunk of the code on that and now in the day to day I'm kind of I guess overseeing project managing still engineering as much as I can my favorite animal is a quokka Australian animal I love quokka so much yeah okay hi I'm Chris I'm co-founder of company called L2B and the tool stands not for Ethereum 2 but for layer 2 so we're working on researching and providing analytics for different layer 2 scaling solutions and we're also running a bunch of nodes including if to point out node there is no hello I'm Diego from Ethereum now the founder of the project our main goal is contribute to the decentralization of of the field network by providing some kind of images for for this kind of devices like a Raspberry Pi or rock 5 and turn them into a full Ethereum node pretty much automatically and this way I make it easy for for regular users from users to run a full node in these low power and resource constraint devices and so this way we can facilitate this for for people to run to run also come in my name is Nick Sorkish I am I work at East Acre I think staker is a completely volunteer run organization and we facilitate community education and staking encourage people to stake we provide guidance and do technical support for stakers so we're just connecting stakers to the appropriate protocols that they can use to stake oh my favorite animal can I be boring and just say a cat my favorite animal is the cat as well I have to wait I have to oh I love cats and three cats it's amazing I think it's kind of right Ethereum culture vibe but there are so many cat people here and I mean cats are a great source of entropy right I mean it's also something which is which is important okay anyway thank you so much for the introductions and I'm Mario have a line from Ethereum Foundation the protocol support and yeah so the merge that's something which I've been also contributing to it congrats oh yeah congrats whoa it happened but we celebrated a lot the merge so like we are over all the celebrations and now I think it's time to discuss what's next because the merge the merge was just the beginning there is no time to rest and we need to build right and yes so maybe let's start with some reflection so how how is the merge for you for your project but especially what it changed was there some challenges that you had to overcome and now after the merge what are you facing some some new issues new challenges new changes in in your projects yeah and from our side we were running nodes on Raspberry Pi's we have several several boards and after the merge we were facing too too many issues first of all we we've seen from some clients some issues with performance and later we realized that the Raspberry Pi was a little tight because the hardware requirements after the merge rise a little so this is a device from 2019 and it's a little old and we are struggling to get nodes in sync with a Raspberry Pi we really achieved this with geth and and in boost but it's it's becoming a little harder for us to to keep up with the chain on on a Raspberry Pi but hopefully there is a new device coming up this this month called rock 5 that is much more powerful and actually we are validating with this with this device and with Bessio and Tecus so it is a really powerful device and it's running great so for one side hardware problems in terms of performance but from the other side we're still can run full nodes in Ethereum with these kinds of devices so okay I guess that's my turn okay so as I said probably I'm the least experienced person here in in terms of if POS but like just barely like one month ago I was pinned up about you know if POS nodes to to prepare for the merge everything went smooth so my experience with the merge itself was was really great but in my previous life I was a DeFi engineer I worked at MakerDAO and now I've started running a survey within my colleagues you know blockchain engineers DeFi engineers like do you know how if works after POS and the answers are no they don't have a clue and I I know like 50 percent about I think the word after POS I think the biggest challenge now is like education there's a lot of like you know talks about if to point out whatever but they are outdated because you know the spec changed so much and yeah that's that's that's a huge challenge I think right now I'm gonna echo that just because progress is happening so crazy quickly everything becomes so out of date so quickly that people come to us and they say I'm using this guide but this thing didn't work and all of a sudden this command is different and so education is one of the things that Eastacre focuses on and it hasn't really changed before or after the merge we did have a month or two around the merge where we were helping people prepare for the merge but now it's it's just focusing on education documentation and matching people to the appropriate protocol cool yeah so working on a consensus client implementation the merge was kind of like a four-year project for us so it's been going for a while it's been stressful it's been fun it's been really enlightening the merge itself was it was a little bit of an on event actually which is kind of what we wanted it went better than any of our tests so yeah it's been it's been interesting just trying to figure out what to do in a post merge world there's plenty to do but yeah just picking them picking up the paces doing a lot of monitoring analysis keeping the lights on yeah thank you so much for all the answers we well we touched many important topics there and I would start with with the node requirements so or also complexity of running nodes right so now after the merge we need a bit more complex setup before I was doing workshops for running nodes which is like download and run this right maybe with specific comment and now you need to download two things you need to figure out the TWT path and and also the hardware requirements would up like a huge goodness to determine arm on for for being able to validate on on arm devices but so what is your take on this what do you what do you think is now how can we tackle this challenge of not just the node requirements it's more like the protocol topic but especially especially the complexity of running basically different piece of software at the same time in terms of validators is very important because we want easy home-staking experience so yeah how can we achieve this what what is happening there and with L2s by the way it's also it's all that is this because especially with optimistic collapse we want to be able to run L2 node we want to be able to create fraud proofs and should be also easy experience so yeah how do you how do you see that how do yeah I I think that complexity is it's not a problem here because the difference between running a node permitting post merge wasn't that different but what we've seen in particularly in our discord channel is people that as they cannot get in sync the notes and they are struggling with with concentration layer execution layer they they they were stressed because the validator were offline and and that's something that concern us because yeah if you cannot get your body later online it's it's problem because people get the stress I mean for us it's not a problem because we are in IT maybe 15 20 years we are used to it but regular users are not and my main concern is well if there are no much difference between running a node at home a validator at home why I don't go to a pool I take my 32 years send it to to a pool and and and that's it I don't take this responsibility I don't get a stress so that's a concern in terms of of synchronization of a stake yeah and I think that it could be really great if there's some way of incentivizing the stake at home I don't know a protocol level or how but it could be great because if not maybe people are going to go this way of go to to to pools or or these greatest changes that give you the service so yeah it's it's my main concern after the match a little bit of history on me I I got into Eastaker because I started staking and when I ran a validator I saw a lot of comments in the subreddit that I was using to set it up that like oh you have to be really good with command line to do this you have to have Linux experience you have to be a developer and I was like I am none of those things I I successfully set up a validator and so I started commenting in there and being like no this can be done by anyone there are lots of tools to reduce the complexity of it and we do need to like support those tools support those tools more so that they are well fleshed out and have good documentation and Eastaker aims to maximize the decentralization of the network which means that we want people not depositing their 32 ETH and all in a centralized exchange for example and so we really just need people to we need a centralized a centralized place where people can go to to get the information that they need because right now there are a bunch of different protocols putting out a bunch of different information and it's really difficult to find all of your options all at once and find what the best option for you is like you don't have to be you don't even have to use command line really to set up a node if you use DAP node or any of the other avado or Wagyu or any of the tool staking tools that are built out and so that that sort of needs to be illuminated a little bit better yeah I echo that I think the I think the clients generally are not particularly good at making things usable for non developers I think the the way that we hire is usually for people who are more systems programmers so people who are like kind of thinking about you know like what it what are the bits look like coming out of your networking interface and we're not it's not something we're interested in and in generally and not something that we're particularly good at is is like thinking from the perspective of someone who doesn't isn't familiar with using the command line and stuff like this so we really like we do our best to try and make it so that it's some like it's straightforward and it's clean and that usually leads to it being simple but I think it's really a place where the community needs to come in and help is when it comes to usability so like at stake with like supporting with people how to use things and I know there's like nice nose and some other initiatives out there to make it so that you can kind of wrap the creating a node into a like a user interface or something that's easy to use I think it's a really good place for people to come along and and innovate because if you think about it the amount of people who are like comfortable with maintaining a node on command line interface who are also interested in Ethereum is such a teeny tiny amount of the world and who has 32 that's like already a teeny tiny amount of the world yeah so if we if we try to keep it at the people who can like run a validator a 32 week validator with a hundred percent effectiveness you're going to get a very centralized set of operators yeah thanks so much right it's I noticed this totally on the workshops when I'm setting up help somebody to set node and the command line comes in and just wall just get scared like that's that's crazy thing why would I use this this devils for the command line yeah that's that's too much for most of the people and I really very much appreciate tools which make it easy also to remote arm I mean just fleshing it and and running it's it's it's there are other options like that don't go about or that make is they have for this great interface web with many or is this two clicks and you have a node so yeah I mean there are other solutions as command line our project is yeah it's focused on on this kind of devices a lot of devices but overall there are other places that make it easy for users to to run a nodal or validate so I mean even with Ethereum on arm or this eat dockers kind of stuff it's still command line but it's minimum amount of commands right so it gets like doable even for people who can get scared first yeah I think that people with without the technical skills would be able to run and if you don't know yes it's documented it's you you have to follow the guide and and yeah I mean it's better that you have if you have Linux experience for example she said but yeah but yeah you could even even run a node with with no with no technical skills so I have pretty fresh experience of running if POS node and actually that the biggest problem for me was that you know you need to realize that now you're running two pieces of software together right like consensus client and the execution client and I think like the documentation that I read didn't make it like crystal clear for me and that was like one thing but then you know the marriage I was totally not sure if it's gonna work if it's like correctly configured because it's like it's it's it's been working but I wasn't sure if like that you know the engine RPC works correctly like I think after merch it's like gonna be easy to realize that it doesn't work because it's not gonna be thinking but you know during the match I was like okay I have totally no clue it's gonna work like we're not staking so it's not it doesn't take a huge deal but still it was kind of stressful and you know like now we have like you know this modular to two parts of the client and in the future we're gonna have new module new layers like I know a data availability layer on top of VIP 4844 and it's gonna be even harder for people to run all that stuff so yeah again docks we are getting there and yeah first I want to ask what kind of documentation you read whether it was prism okay okay I wrote the Ethereum org documentation or running notes so I wasn't clear yeah but I was I had trouble explaining it like I realized how much how much complexity I'm adding to the documentation there but like so just to sum it up what I believe we agree on it's very useful to have the automatic setup tools which minimizes the technical requirements also because like I'm not sure if I said up correctly or I leave some security security hole there and so on and also the education it's really important huge good as to eat steak or for that and now so regarding upcoming stuff now like the merge opened many doors opened many interesting possibilities and like generally before 4844 we already mentioned one thing but but are there any other than that or even even including this what are you now excited for or maybe afraid of what are the biggest biggest upcoming things for for the Ethereum which will influence you this coming yeah okay I can kick off this discussion so for me like I was surprised to learn that you cannot stake more than 32 if at the same time right right now I mean you need to have separate like validators validate the clients yeah yeah and I found it quite strange especially for like you know this big staking post like and I'm excited that this is gonna be fixed I think in the in the future even your future I'm not sure here but that was something unexpected to me and also like you know the reasoning behind like you cannot do this right now was also pretty interesting to learn thank you so coming up soon in the protocol will be withdrawals which I think are pretty exciting so there's an EIP out there that is pretty well supported by the teams and it seems like that's gonna happen so that'll be automatic withdrawals to the execution chain so it means that if you've already withdrawn or if you do withdraw and then at some point your it's just gonna appear as in your F1 address and you can claim it and then for people who are still validating once you get over 32 F maybe once every couple of months or something like this it'll be just kind of dropped into the execution chain and you can get at it so that'll be pretty exciting I think I think the panel is only inspiring people to build things is that is that right let's say yes yeah okay so the what's interesting with that is that it'll dump the F into a an address but it won't trigger any code it won't do code execution so typically like in a theorem if you do an F transfer you can you can when it lands in the account you can trigger some smart contracts to create a log and then people can know that they got the rest that won't be the case in this event because it's just just to clarify like because it's kind of country initialized by the protocol right so that's the current specification yeah that's right so there is a slight complexity to it that when in the early days of the beacon chain we weren't sure how withdrawals are gonna work so it was a BLS key that you put in as your withdrawal credentials that's now what people now we decide that we're gonna withdraw into an Ethereum address so that means that users are gonna need to users who have used the BLS withdrawal credentials which is probably most we'll need to submit a message on chain signed by that key that that that elects a Ethereum address to receive those funds so I don't know how far I want to go into it here but yeah that so what once users have done this kind of once-off action then yeah the the withdrawals are gonna be automatic and they just land in there which I think is really cool because it's less for people to do it's less stuff happening on the network it's cool so you mentioned that the withdrawal can be yet another way to force if into an account without code execution it's like the self-distract trick now that's good to know it's actually how coinbase works at the moment so the mining reward is delivered in the same way so it's not it's not too too weird that next you had a question no no question but a comment go ahead following on the withdrawal topic I'm actually really excited for withdrawals because a lot of when people when the beacon chain launched there were very few options to stake and since people have staked they have not been able to withdraw and maybe change which protocol that they're using if they're not running a full node and so there's gonna be a lot of opportunity to shift things around and maybe address some of the centralization risks that have been brought up and so I'm excited for that and I'm excited for any documentation that's gonna be written up prior to that in about how to withdraw correctly and what protocols are the best protocols to deposit into if you're not running a full validator at that point or there could be people who have stacked 32 Ethan that time and want to run a full validator yeah from from our perspective after the merge realizing that you could create a block in this and in Ethereum with a device that consumes 10 butts was like whoa I mean this is this is amazing this is great this is feels great I mean yeah we didn't propose a block yet but we are still waiting so and on the other hand I am very interested in in two use cases that I I hope that once the merge went through and and tools are thriving that they were part of of the initial if in the sign this web 3n sorry stores decentralization it was swarm protocol we have IPFS as well and and decentralized messaging I think that these two cases are I hope that in the coming months or years get an impulse because I think that they're very important to success for for Ethereum yeah I'd love to see non-financial use cases I did really never imagine myself in a FinTech role yeah so I started here so I became to everybody asked you what are you doing on the blockchain what can I buy I mean well no no this is not about that I mean yeah that's why we're saying this thank you so much for the answers so yeah we tackled few important things here and there is actually big discussion in the community right now so what should be the priority whether it's for it for for whether it's withdrawals with the we should try to put them together in Shanghai or separate and so your voice of communities folks so what do you think has the priority for you what is considering maybe the complexity and whatnot what would you find more important and doable right now whether it's withdrawals or for it for for which I mean there are many other things but I will mention these two because we get into them and yeah so I guess for me obviously it's for eight for four which will help us with scaling Ethereum and I guess you know the the teams working at working on different client implementations can have like you know better knowledge about what to prioritize but the funny thing is that prism got pride apps got acquired by our bitch so I guess there will be more consensus there about prioritizing for 844 but yeah like I believe that you know Ethereum in the past failed scaling in scaling game and that's why not only things like you know Solana not only exists but also got traction but also things like polygon rights I changed and like you know user may my users might not realize that all the different security properties of associated with using these different blockchains or solutions so I think that should be like the the very high priority on Ethereum devs to solve or improve the scaling of the whole system and 4844 is like the easiest way to to accomplish that yeah I don't have a strong opinion about that but I would say that if if 4844 means scaling and lowering fees I would offer that yes from the perspective of running the node what do you think about it for it for like whether I mean there is a big overhead on the consensus client side by storing more data maybe Paul maybe Paul can consider it is it that significant polls I think I think it's the numbers haven't been chosen for 4844 but it's looking on the order of maybe like 200 to 400 gig extra disk space there'll be some more network usage as well so we're very sensitive to these things and we really don't want to set them high so I'm one of the guys that wants low values so yeah let's let's use it but yeah we're still figuring it out but there'll be an impact on disk and they'll be impact on network I think that the bottom that wouldn't be a problem with with network on this so I think it would be we will be good with this I'm not gonna pretend I have enough expertise to talk about what should be a priority at the protocol level but I would say not at the protocol level I think that just abstracting the technical barriers from the user or from the staker is the things that I see like an interoperability I don't know if you guys have had any issues but like when you make a deposit to the deposit contract going through like ledger metamask the deposit contract can have all sorts of issues and it would be great if those teams focused on the interoperability of those things yeah sure I thought I should let everyone else speak before a client has talked to hear to hear what people want because that's what we should be driven by and so the question of withdrawals or 4844 for me personally I am prioritizing withdrawals I feel like the mergers not really done until withdrawals are complete because I think that we're kind of we did the beacon chain on this promise that will let you withdraw one day and the longer that we do that it just feels a little dishonest to me so in my opinion the next fork withdrawals have to happen and then it's a question about whether or not 4844 comes with it yeah I think myself and the other developers kind of flip back and forth between like yeah yeah we can do 4844 no no no we can't do 4844 so yeah I'm not sure we're like we've we've had a bunch of meetings on it this week making progress checking it out be cool if it came in not explicitly for it or against it yeah thank you yeah so like considering the topic should be like what to build after the merge right I think we mentioned many great things I mean contributions on the protocol level to withdrawals to 4844 the testing and the staker infrastructure the education there is so many things to do right now one thing I wanted to add is light clients which after the merge can actually become usable thing and and that this can all I believe also largely advance the experience of running the node or just being able to participate without a third party right do we have time five minutes so I have one more question but maybe are there any questions from audience as well feel free to raise a hand just wanted to give a space yeah hi thanks for all the work all you and your team to do by the way curious what you think about home stakers and their folks using MEV boost and if you have any concerns around that yeah I mean I definitely have concerns about MEV boost and MEV I have been a little disappointed with how MEV has gone since the merge I think it's probably not anyone's fault perhaps of the way that we we coordinate the merge but I think that MEV has kind of showed up not in the same readiness state as the clients have so there's been some problems with MEV boost that have been a little disappointing from my perspective things that should have been caught already things that should have been caught with testing so I like I have a lot of respect for the flashbox team I think they've done a lot of good stuff but I'm still very very cautious about any MEV boost I also worry we've also seen some problems with other builders where they've been unable to produce blocks and they can get themselves in a position where the validator is already committed to a block and then they fail to actually follow up on their part and produce it which means the validator can't actually produce its own block so we've seen missed proposals due to MEV we're seeing a lot of late blocks due to MEV so yeah and I've also seen some of these scenarios where MEV like MEV boost or MEV builders have problems and they don't alert the community quick enough they don't come out with an announcement saying hey like we have a problem and we're not critical so please just turn us off until we fix it I haven't seen that from them so yeah I'm I'm actually a little bit unhappy with MEV in the state of it I think it'll get there my advice to people would be like if you if you cannot run MEV just don't because like it's better for the protocol and you're also not like you know sandwiching people just trying to like you know sell their money so but I can also totally appreciate why people would do it and I was one of the people that pushed for including the builder API into like including support like I pushed for consensus clients to support MEV boost because I knew it was gonna happen by some people and I wanted it to be safe so yeah that's that's my thoughts on it I'm particularly concerned with censorship because some some relays that are running on on countries like USA that you know some regulators says now that tornado cash is legal so these these builders will not include this these blocks with sorry these transactions with the tornado cash and this bothers me because if we are using MEV with for example flashboots are we are we censoring transactions maybe so if we are using their layer so it's it's a little concerning yes thank you so much for the question by the way it was that was my last question the censorship I wanted to drop the negative bomb on the end right but yeah so like the like you also mentioned it like there are because of the MEV boost because of the these relays the validers are currently censoring blocks and it's over 40% right now of blocks which are over compliant so no good and there is a the PBS which is I would say just a meme right now it's just like yeah there will be PBS will somehow solve it in the future but like the problem is that the longer we wait the harder it might be to solve right so Paul thank you so much for mentioning or like encouraging people actually not to run the MEV boost or I would say you can use non-censoring relays there are these options do you have do you have any other other yep sorry Paul the idea is to include MEV in protocol level I'm right or so as in what I said about including it in the consensus client yeah so the so well so pre before the merge we had MEV geth which was like if you wanted to do MEV stuff you needed to run this fork of geth in order to like to do this stuff and a lot of people were running it which meant that a lot of people are running a fork of a consensus client by a team that is not considered to be client developers so I thought that was not great so what we did with the consensus clients was was to add was to get flash bots to instead create a separate service and then we support an API to talk to it so what this means is that like flash bots no longer needs to fork all these consensus clients and then like either do a lot of work or jeopardize client diversity and it also meant that now the consensus clients choose when to use these builders is MEV builders so we have like fail safes in there to say like if the chain is unhealthy in a particular way then let's just like cut MEV because it could be the problem for it so at the moment like the protocol doesn't support it that the implementations kind of acknowledge that it exists and try to and try to do it safely I like my the way that I think about it is like drug use like it'd be great if it didn't happen but it's going to so let's make let's make it safe great yeah and then yeah and then in the future the protocol wants to support the ability for the validators not to be the ones that that build the blocks so whether those blocks contain MEV they probably do but that that'd be a bit of a better solution to it and if you to add folks if not I think we are yeah we are past our time and I would say huge thank you not just for attending this panel but especially for all the work that you do in your project it's it's what pushes the Ethereum well to succeed right so thank you so much again for your work for being here and yeah thank you so much for attending the panel


Hey guys, how you doing? This is your boy Rich from RichTVLive and you too can join the club at richpicksdaily.com where you can learn how to win and trade. Hi, how you doing today? I'm your host, Rich. You're going to have a RichTVLive with our very special guest, the CEO of Zacapa Resources, Adam Melnick. How you doing today, Adam? Fantastic, Rich. Very excited to be here with you and your viewers. Thank you so much for hosting. My pleasure. Excited to learn more about you and your company. So my first question is, how did you become the CEO of a junior exploration company and how did you get involved in the mining industry? That's a great place to start, Rich. I'm very grateful to have managed to be a part of this industry for over 15 years. I've moved progressively from engineering through to investment banking and corporate roles in this sector. My passion for the industry began while studying engineering at the University of Waterloo and interning at mines and engineering companies across Canada. I did my MBA in finance during the global financial crisis and invested a lot in mining and exploration companies. I just found it a super interesting space to invest in and I also worked underground at Gold Lines to pay for my degree. Following graduation, I worked with Kandak Originuity, a leading mid-tier investment bank that I'm sure many of your viewers know well. I worked with the mining equity research team in Toronto before moving to London with the company, at which point I pivoted into corporate development and strategy with the fifth largest mining company listed in London called Badanto Resources. They have 25 mines and operations all over the world. I was very fortunate to work with the founder and chairman of the company, Anil Agrawal, and his CEO, Tom Malvany, who is the former CEO of Rio Tinto, and his head of M&A, Cynthia Carroll, who is the former CEO of Anglo-American. That really helped cut my teeth in this industry. Following Badanto, I worked with Pembroke Resources on a transaction with capstone mining for the purchase of its Minto copper mine in Yukon, and that helped me establish a really strong network here in Vancouver, at which point I was tapped on the shoulder by the board of Zacapa, and I feel immensely privileged and proud to have the opportunity to lead Zacapa Resources. I'm working with some very interesting, hard-working and adventurous people on highly prospective copper and gold exploration projects all within the Southwest US, so focused in two commodities and a jurisdiction that I know and understand really well. Now, Zacapa Resources is a gold and copper exploration company with projects in Arizona, Nevada, and Idaho. Can you tell us a little bit more about the company? Definitely. Happily, yes. Zacapa is a new copper and gold exploration company. We're just listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange venture, and our ticker is ZACA, as you've got listed on your board there, Rich. And we are based in Vancouver, but all of our projects are in the Southwest US, as I mentioned. The company was actually founded by our executive chairman, Ian Slater, who, along with our technical advisors, originated the six copper and gold projects within our portfolio. These projects include our copper projects of red top pearl and dew drop moon, and our gold projects, South Bullfrog and Miller Mountain. Zacapa's most recent financing was completed last year in support of this initial public offering that we've just completed. We raised $9 million at 50 cents a share, which will support the company's work plan for 2021, 2022 really well. And importantly, almost two thirds of our shares are subject to an escrow agreement, which will see shareholders supported, shareholders in support of our long term strategy. So we really tight float. Our capital structure is very strong and we're working really hard to create some catalysts for investors post listing. Importantly, we have the best people in the business to execute. Zacapa appointed and empowered a new management team, including our vice president of exploration, Dr. Tim McIntyre, last year. Tim has a rich history in the Congo and Zambia with Ivanhoe Mines and Rio Tinto and completed his PhD at Colorado School of Mines, focused on sedimentary copper. And we also appointed a new CFO, Lisa Peterson, and myself as CEO and director in the summer last year. So importantly, Zacapa's projects are being advanced by a highly disciplined and seasoned professional team with successful track records and discovery resource development and mine permitting. We're very happy to have listed here on the Toronto Stack Exchange venture. What differentiates Zacapa from other gold and copper exploration companies in the United States? Very good question, Rich. As a capitalist, from my perspective, Zacapa's property positions are incredibly compelling. We're proximal to major past producing and operating mines and some world class development projects. For example, the company is currently drilling its red top porphyry copper projects that's located within eight kilometers of Rio Tinto and BHP's resolution projects. That is one of the giant porphyries in Arizona that hosts more than a billion tons. Resolution hosts over 1.8 billion tons at 1.3% copper equivalent. It's in the heart of the Laramide copper province that hosts more than 200 billion pounds of copper. And it's assets like this that that we have inside of our portfolio that just make the story so compelling. And importantly, as well as the capitalist corporate culture is a key differentiator that meaningfully separates us from other operators in the US. Our management team has an average age under 40 years old. We all have global cross commodity operating experience. And we have been encouraged and empowered by our board to be entrepreneurial, transparent, collaborative and deliver results, which is really refreshing in an industry that's known for more, more, let's say older management teams. Adam, why was now the ideal time for Zacapa resources to enter the public markets? We're strongly of the view that we're in the midst of a significant copper bull market, perhaps perhaps that a new supercycle. And we believe a $4 per pound copper is here to stay. And there are some important market pundits that agree with us. Goldman Sachs sees copper well over $5 a pound by 2030 as a greater than 25% supply demand deficit widens in large part due to the rapid scaling of the new energy economy, which includes the scaling up of electric vehicles, renewable energy and the associated energy infrastructure, as well via the World Bank and International Energy Agency forecast that the world will need at least 200% more copper by the year 2050 in order to help decarbonize the global economy. So we believe we're in the right space for that for to have exposure to the copper market moving forward with our asset base. And as well, the gold prices is quite stable above $1,800 an ounce. And it has recently been moving upwards as an inflation hedge and will remain a tangible asset that's highly sought after for portfolio diversification as well as as a safe haven from less responsible governments and central banks globally. More recently, we have seen in the markets a bit of a flight to safety and to real assets and a real location into more cyclical sectors like metals and mining, whereas the cap is ideally positioned. So we if I can summarize rich, I believe there's three primary reasons why it's perfect timing for the capital to be going public. Number one, the demand for copper has never been more powerful. And number two, it's really important to start growing awareness of the world class work that our talented exploration team is doing. And thirdly, and finally, it is really important that we continue to attract the best talent, service providers and partners to our team to accelerate our understanding of our highly prospective projects with tier one discovery potential, and ultimately grow this company significantly. Now Zagapa recently raised over $9 million. Can you tell us more about this raise and what the company plans to do with the proceeds? Absolutely. So Zagapa is very happy to have raised $9 million and its most recent financing, which supported our initial public offering and importantly allowed us to continue progressing work at our projects while taking the appropriate steps to to list the company. Importantly, management owns about 25% of that stock. We have an extremely tight float and two thirds of the stock is escrowed for up to three years. So we have approximately 160 shareholders. And they're very long term focused shareholders who have who have been great and supporting the company to date. We have zero warrants outstanding as well. So this creates a perfect opportunity for for some explosive growth after our listing. And our team has not been complacent in waiting to for the company to list before deploying capital at its projects. We have been creating value for our investors by advancing our exploration activities and drilling out our projects and importantly have prepared significant catalysts for shareholders and new investors to ensure that the company is well supported post listing. So from our perspective, the market is primarily interested in drill results. And those are the ultimate validation of great exploration science and application of theory, which is why the capital intends to drill that all of its exploration projects in the coming months. That leads me to my next question. The company is gearing up for several drill programs this summer and fall of 2022. Can you elaborate further on the details of these programs? Absolutely, rich. Yes, the capital has several compelling projects that are to one discovery potential and are permitted for drilling, which is quite important. The company plans to phase its drilling programs to efficiently manage them in a and is effectively initiating a new drill program every quarter at one of its projects so that its team can scale appropriately and manage catalysts for investors that will be delivered consistently throughout the year. So well, we have a drill program underway right now at the red top or free copper project. We expect to be drilling there for the next two quarters. Our south bullfrog epithermal gold project will be drilling throughout the summer. Our Miller Mountain Gold Prospect in Idaho will also be drilling into the fall. I do drop moon, which is another porphyry copper target in Nevada. We will be drilling in Q4 and into the early parts of 2023 and we'll be completing our full investigation of our exploration portfolio with a drill program and our Pearl porphyry copper project in the early 2023. These drill programs importantly will be in excess of 10,000 meters and are expected to generate and greatly expand. It's a Kappa's knowledge of its most prospective properties, Rich. Now, the Kappa and you touched on it is primarily focused on the red top porphyry copper project in Arizona. Why did you choose to acquire it? And what makes this project so exciting? We are very excited about this project, Rich, which is why we've accelerated our drill program here. Red top is located within eight kilometers of Rio Tinto and BHP's resolution copper project, which hosts 1.8 billion tons at 1.3 percent copper equivalent. A lot of value in the ground there and this bond is progressing its way through permitting and into development. Zacapa acquired red top through an option agreement with DMX Royalty Corp. And we're just wearing a great postcode for potential copper discovery. And we were attracted to red top because the property exhibits widespread porphyry style alteration with a locally intense alteration spanning more than three kilometers by almost two kilometers. These intense areas of alteration as well host zones of porophyllite, illite and locally dicite, which are analogous to some of the assemblages we're seeing the mineralization at the resolution deposit. So this alteration and mineralization at red top is interpreted as the upper levels of a moderately tilted porphyry system, which we are now testing with our drill campaign. And Zacapa has recently completed its first drill hole and will have a formal update for the market and assays in due course. But importantly, we've drilled over a kilometer into a large copper bearing magnetic hydrothermal system with porphyry style alteration and banning. And we've learned a lot from this first hole and have observed a transition from magnetite to pyrite to sphalerite and galena into calcropite and even boronite with alteration dominated by quartz and cerocite indicating that we are on the distal lower temperature parts of the hydrothermal system. And that is importantly given us the confidence to drill a second hole, which is now underway. And we'll have updates for the market in due course. Fantastic. I can't wait to see these updates. Now, Zacapa is also focused on the South Bullfrog Gold Project in Nevada. How was this project originated and what is your plan for it this year? I am immensely proud of our team, Rich, our technical advisors that took the initiative to note that no major had stayed directly around Bady, Nevada. Bady is in the heart of the Walker Land trend and is an increasingly important and active and inquisitive region for gold majors. And with Zacapa's support, we seized the opportunity to establish a significant property position. We're contiguous with Anglo Gold, Corvus Gold, Augusta Gold and Core Monning. We're literally in the center of the bull's eye in that region. And importantly, Anglo Gold has just completed its acquisition of Corvus Gold for 570 million Canadian dollars and has been quite public about this whole region becoming a new tier one play that could potentially host over 10 million ounces of gold, which 4 million ounces was acquired from Corvus Gold. And it's a very interesting Anglo Gold's approach here in Bady. They're looking to produce a hub and spoke central keep leech processing facility and they're going to expedite production, which is expected within the next three to four years. That's really great to have our shared border with Anglo Gold and a new central hub for producing gold in Bady, Nevada and have such a significant property position where we do. So Zacapa has completed two soil and sediment, stream sediment sampling programs as well as a mapping program in the past quarter and has completed is currently completing an extensive IP survey, a geophysics survey to get a better understanding of the fault and vein structures that exist on the property, particularly beneath areas of cover where we have some really interesting magnetic anomalies and the company plans to drill this this project and its most compelling targets here later this year. What is Zacapa's long term strategy for 2022 and beyond? And what should investors watch out for? That's a perfect way to close here, Rich. Zacapa's strategy for 2022 is to investigate all of its highly prospective projects with leading technologies and fantastic exploration science and subject to drill results and new interpretation, refinance portfolio and priorities prior prioritize projects for further phases of evaluation in 2023. Fundamentally, Zacapa plans to deliver consistent drill results year round from its highly prospective copper and gold projects in the US when two critical trends are at play. Firstly, major mining companies have strong balance sheets and most are net cash and they are paying significant dividends and are scaling up their corporate development and exploration teams in preparation to return to growth and resource expansion through green fields opportunities and most importantly acquisitions. Secondly, this is at a period in the new super cycle, if we can call it that when copper prices are expected to remain strong and potentially melt up due to the impending copper supply shortage driven by the new energy economy, the scaling up of electric vehicles, renewable energy and energy infrastructure. And I believe Zacapa is extremely well positioned with its projects. It's well capitalized financially and intellectually. It's well guided by its board and is well prepared to deliver on its strategy and create significant value for shareholders. We're going to have investors that are going to be watching this interview and this video from literally all over the world. What would you say to them if they had any questions for you and they wanted to get in contact with the company? What's the best way for them to reach you? Definitely. I would encourage all of your viewers rich to check out our website. Please subscribe for our news alerts and find us on all social media channels and please take the opportunity to reach out to our investor relations team and myself at melmick at zacaparesources.com for additional information. Thank you so much for your time today, Adam. I must remind everyone that rich TV live is strictly for information and education purposes. Please do your due diligence, do your research before you invest in anything we talk about or discuss here on rich TV live. In saying that, I do believe this is a project that is grossly undervalued, underappreciated, underexposed. Put them on your radar, put them on your watch list, zacapa resources. And thank you for joining us today. The CEO and director of zacapa resources, Adam Melnick. Thank you, Adam. Thank you for having us rich. All the best. Always a pleasure. Love to invite you back on the show. If you ever have any big breaking news or anything you want to discuss, we'd love to invite you back and communicate and talk with our community. And thank you guys for watching. We've told you guys before, if you're not winning, you're probably not watching. We bring you the winners and we bring them to you first. If you like the video, smash the like button. Comment down below. Share the video everywhere and subscribe. This is your host Rich from Rich TV Live with the CEO of zacapa resources, Adam Melnick, saying have a nice day. We'll see you soon.


This study assesses the sensitivity of coffee yields to temperature and precipitation variation from 1974 to 2017 in Brazil, identifies which coffee producing regions have the highest exposure to climate hazards due to high dependence on coffee production as a proportion of agricultural area and generates a vulnerability index to identify which regions are least able to adapt to climate hazards. The study finds that historical climate change has already resulted in reductions in coffee yield by more than 20% in the southeast of Brazil, with minus Gerais, the largest coffee producing state in Brazil, having among the highest climate hazard and overall climate risk. Negative climate hazard and exposure impacts for coffee producing regions could be potentially offset by targeting climate adaptation support to these high-risk regions. This article was authored by Ilian Cole, Rachel Garrett, Anthony Jaintis, and others.