Roedden i'n fy mwy ar-gadig, rydyn ni'n gweithio ddech herio mewn ei gweithio'n ei dweud. Mae'r gweithio yn ôl ei wneud o'r adroddau. Mae'r dweud o addysg ac yn dweud o'i'r gweithio. Felly mae'n bod gweld eu ganddurdod a beth oedd iechyd wedi'u'r eu plesio a mae wedi'u'n experdd yma. Yna'r plant mae'r ddim yn gweld y peth yn y'r adroddau o'r adroddau gw zietio. Mae'n dŷn i'n ddod o'r bod yn ei fod yw. gyda'r cymdeithasol i gael ymlaen i'r cyfnod ddiweddol. Mae gynhyrch i fan hyn, rydyn ni'n rydyn ni'n gweithio i Gweithio Autoworld. Yr hynny'n cyddiad yn ddiddordeb ystod yr hynny, fod yn ymlaen i'r cyfnod ar gyfer. Yr hynny'n cyfnod dydw i'w wneud, ddim yn ymlaen i'r cyfnod, yn ymlaen i'r cyfnod ar y fan gyfnod ystod, ddim yn ymlaen i chi'n gweithio i ei cyfnod ar gyfer. I can assure you, much as I like my BMW, I don't think it would be quite right that way. Anyhow, many of you I know do know are open for Europe, some of you don't, but our mission in life is very much about open competitive choice for the ICT market. We're not for profit, we're very firmly independent and I hope very business oriented as well. Openness is very much at the centre of what we're talking about and we make no qualms whatsoever saying that openness is at the core of this conference this summer. And that's the way it's going to be. Now, many of you I know see the faces we're here last year and I think the headline quote from last year was from Vinsurf when he said, if it's not open, it's not the internet. That was a very powerful, very simple statement of actually what really we think everything is about. It doesn't necessarily have to be defined in every detail. You know if you're open or not, and also you know if you're closed or not. And so we can spend a lot of time worrying about some of that detail, but fundamentally we're talking about being open, allowing competitive choice, allowing substitutability. We are about campaigning, we make no qualms about that also, but we are also hopefully about bringing new thinking into this agenda of creating and facilitating thought leadership. So for us the summit is very much the start of the year. It's about bringing hopefully some of the best speakers from the world, getting their insight into the subjects and getting a healthy debate. So this is not hopefully just a conference where you get a succession of speakers coming up, standing, speaking and then going away again. We really want to encourage debate with the audience, not just with questions but also the opportunity made for you to give your thoughts and views at the same time. So the format is, we've got two sessions in the morning, one in the morning, one in the afternoon, and one in the afternoon. We'll briefly go through those in a minute. If you look at the importance of what we're talking about, everybody understands the difficulties of the global financial problems at the moment. Everybody is looking for answers, not just in cutting costs but actually what are the breakout strategies for Europe in the global...


For the delay now are we're ready? Okay. Oh, no, what happened? I Didn't touch anything What happened, huh? Oh wait out of here Okay Whatever Before we go Presentation what is this no, this isn't where we want this place As I said, this was Tested the first thing this morning Really? Okay, anyway, all right, we're wearing this without the notes the And so hopefully I'll remember everything that I wanted to say I'm a policy support for fs ferrity is really a win-win for Ima and fs ferrity This has been a long time in coming, but we're finally there just from whatever for whatever reasons The talk is gonna talk of I'm gonna be talking starting out with the The goals for Ima and going through the problems and what this work For both Ima and fs ferrity the background information what's missing in each of them and the solution how we resolved it We'll go through the different policies and how this is a win-win for Ima and fs ferrity We'll show the policy rules so that you can actually use it. It was upstreamed in the most recent open window And let's get going so the original goals of Ima have not changed the new features have been added and This is taken from the white paper that my colleague Dave Safford wrote It's still on the wiki and The base ideas haven't changed new features have been added So it's basically the detective files have been accidentally accidentally or maliciously altered both remotely and locally appraise the files measurement against a good value stored as an extended attribute and Sometimes as an appended signature now and enforce local file integrity So when we talk about this, this is basically what you get from secure and trusted boot The problem has been why this is hasn't been so pervasive is that there's a lot of setup required system setup for For secure boot you need the signatures you need the key management and you need policy rules and on the trusted boot side you basically It's very this The setup is rather simple although the policy when isn't that simple, but we'll get to policy later And it's a minimal setup for Trusted boot and the post there's a lot more post processing involved in it We from the very beginning we were asked to include To expose the ion structure which contains the hashes for For some forensics work whether or not that's still being used when you work in the Linux kernel You never know who is using what or when So the initial policy design Was to minimize the system performance pack To make sure that it's flexible for all different use cases and to limit the frequency of measuring and praising files again due to performance, so if we go back to The balancing if you measure to and this there was a lot of discussions before this was Upstreamed as to how much to measure the initial papers referred to really were cognizant that the TPM was Was very slow and that you needed to really consider how much you were measuring So but there's a balance between measuring too much And having this performance impact and measuring too little and not having full integrity of your system so We So somebody asked um, you know that um Yana kahuna said to me which is more important the TCB Which is their original policies or is it the user data the TCB can always be replaced You just reinstalled the files, you know you reinstall your system and your TCB is already back But the user data is more important so when you define a policy and Trying to get the flexibility for all the different cases It's hard. You don't know who's going to be wanting to do what for what reasons and then we have the situation of Not doing not measuring not appraising too often not doing things too often Because caching adds complexity and it makes it really really difficult for namespacing Because unlike on the system where the cache doesn't disappear on you. Well now with namespacing the cache is going to disappear and you have the locking problems of the De-entry coming at the same time that the the Cache can be removed. So Yes caching is good and it provides the performance, but we're when we talk about I'm a namespacing. This is an issue These were the initial policy designs we've gone through a lot of things on adding new types of signatures and Like appendix we have now support for appended signatures for verifying the K exec image We're not limited to verifying just the security X adder So in terms of policy the policy language has been extended But not the enforcement how you load a policy how you do anything else and there are more things that could be done with that Obviously everything has to be backward compatible because this is the Linux kernel and things that don't just disappear Because you ask them to Okay, so what is missing and why is this why am I giving this talk? Why was support for FS Verity? upstreamed basically I'm a reads the file and Just like for the TCG standards it has to read the whole file and it has to verify that file before axis is given to Access or execution whatever it is or the measurement is extended into the TPM and added to the measurement list has to happen Before the file can control can be handed over This relies on iversion to detect whether or not there has been any changes We do want to minimize the number of measurements in the measurement list and that can be there's a number of different ways of doing that but We're dependent on iversion and if iversion isn't there then We remeasure There's no way around it. We can't we have no other way of knowing whether or not the file has changed And this affects fuse the fuse file systems. Do you trust fuse? We certainly don't have any Insight insights into what fuse a fuse file system actually is doing so it always has to remeasure it So the problem with reading the entire file is The performance depending on the size of your file and for that reason So And not only is it the size of the file it's also that if the file is Is Removed from the entry when it comes back it isn't revalidated and There are a number and the information here the malicious block devices the firmware attacks at the end Of the slides there is a list of there are two references one is to To Mike Halcro and Eric Bigger's talk from LSS talk from 2018 and then there's another Paper that was written on this problem Of not Reverifying the file when it comes back from the entry from when it's been evicted and comes back from the page cache So Before we go on are there any questions to FS before we go into FS Verity. Are there any questions up to this point? Okay, so We're gonna when all of this information is taken from the colonel from the colonel docs and from the slides from the talk and From the sample applications FS Verity's Sample applications. So FS Verity is a support layer the file systems can hook into a support transparent integrity and Authenticity protection of read-only files Currently it's supported on ext for f2fs and butterfs file systems So FS Verity instead of verifying Reading the entire file it breaks up the file into chunks and Puts those chunks into a Merkle tree and the Merkle tree the root and the Merkle tree is the signature with the other file metadata And that's your That's the FS Verity digest so this is It's not required that the f in the Merkle you need to create the Merkle tree you need to to create the to get the root hash and to be able to include other file metadata in the in the in the FS Verity digest the you It's not required the design doesn't require it but on The file systems currently that support FS Verity the Merkle tree is stored After the file data as well as the FS descriptor so the benefits of not verifying and then not calculate not having to calculate the full file hash and Is to be able to do partial reads And and the benefit is that as the file is read from disk It's verified each block is verified as you read it But unlike with full file data hashes There are possible read failures So Depending on your use case You might want to know ahead of time whether or not it's going to fail or not think critical infrastructure okay, so As this Verity feature is a hashing mechanism only it optionally supports a simple signature verification mechanism An authenticating files is left up to user space meaning that whatever policy you have has to be in user space It's not So When we talk about FS Verity what it needs We can in me um If we wanted to include the measurements of a file in in the I'm a measurement list it's You can't just read the file because then you defeat the poor read the file calculate the file hash And then land up with that in the measurement that kind of defeats FS Verity So what we really want is to include the FS Verity file digest in the I'm a measurement list and we also Want to support? Having a policy for what to measure what to appraise and going forward in the kernel This was them having it in the kernel was the main reason for I'm a being upstreamed in the first place So this is basically a win-win for I'ma and FS Verity for FS Verity gets the digest and Signatures in the I'm a measurement list and enforces FS Verity base file signatures stored in security I'ma back sadder and it Inclose it closes I FS Verity closes the I'ma integrity gap for files if they did from page cache because as it reads The file back in it's going to verify The the block the data that's being read in Again, we said originally that FS Verity currently only does Read-only files So we're not talking about configuration files. We're talking about only read-only files So we're up to now how this is being implemented So we need to differentiate when they're in when the FS Verity measurements are included in the I'ma measurement list We really need to be able to differentiate Which is an FS Verity file and which is the original I'ma file I'ma I'ma File hash so we defined a new template called I'ma ngv2 It's exactly the same as before the only difference as you'll see over here Is that it's prefixed with the name the type of digest And you'll notice that The shot 256 some it's a straight file hash is included In the measurement list and it matches the sig and the hash down here Okay and when we do this for FS Verity Now you have the Verity as being the type of signature that you're including when you do instead of a shot 256 Some you're now doing a FS Verity digest and that digest is included down here Can't hit enter and So now you have you can differentiate what type of Measurements are included in the measurement list and Similarly We want to be able to have the same type of information on the I'ma sig template So we defined I'ma sig v2 template and here you have the I'ma It's prefixed with I'ma you have the normal Signature that's the EVM I'ma X adder signature and it's a version 2 and It's oh for all of these are enumerations that are included in the various Include files, but this but we have one more step to go We now have a signature, but the FS Verity we can differentiate it in the measurement list But differentiating and making sure that the FS Verity signature is not being used to verify the I you know That they're not interchangeable We want to make sure that they're included and you can use know exactly which signature is which So we defined it we defined a signature version 3 which instead of including just the file digest It includes the file digest plus some other file metadata such as the hash algorithm Yeah, I think it's just the hash algorithm So here we now have the FS Verity measurement entry in the measurement list Again with signature v2 you have it's prefixed with Verity down here It's prefixed with very you have a new signature type and it's it and a new signature version That's not the just the direct File file hash, but a hash, but it indirectly signs the signature v3 And since we want to be able to say That we want only FS Verity files or only I'ma files Files signatures if you have a policy if you have a file that's signed with the wrong with the incorrect signature You'll land up with the zeros As the measurement because it wasn't in the FS Verity case. It wasn't able to collect the the file hash It wasn't able to read the digest so This prevent and it's pretty clear that you weren't verify that you can't verify an FS Verity file If it's not signed with FS Verity Okay, so how do we How do we sign this there the I'ma EVM utils program? I've posted patches for being able to verify the for being able to sign files and We're not using the same mechanism that we currently use for Signing files for I'ma because basically you read the file and you calculate the file hash here We're dependent on FS Verity providing us the digest so So we can use FS Verity digest to collect the file digest and Then pipe it into EVM control you can pipe in an entire file And the output of the file is this similar to shot 256 some it gives you the the hash the The digest the file name and the output will be appended with the signature at the end and afterwards you need to Take you can process that entire file and read it out or Using a script to read the last field and to use said f adder to write out the signature as security dot I'ma and a lot of thanks to Eric biggers for his help with the design and code review similarly for Stefan burger for reviewing the design and code and my colleagues Naina J Naina George and Elaine for for many discussions on why do we need a new new signature version For FS Verity why isn't it enough? Why couldn't we just sign the hashes as it was and we came to the conclusion that this is fine? It differentiates the file the I'ma file signatures from the FS Verity signatures so that they can't be intermixed And and the appreciation for the title of this talk goes to Elaine Any questions? I'm laughing because I asked someone to I Just gave oh and the main point. Oh, wow Okay, I'll answer your question and then I'll go back to a slide where I met left out the most important piece of information Yes, I asked someone to do the performance Analysis to see if there's any difference the assumption is is that the file on file open it will be For large files and small files. It's going to be the same exact thing for FS Verity whereas with with I'ma the the amount of time it won't be Will not Will be is different for small files and large files whether or not you're praising the file Measuring the file The TPM ads perform it has a performance which gets Hidden when you have large files It impacts performance, but I'm assuming that small and large files will be exactly the same and all the burden is on FS Verity But the main thing that I left out because I didn't have my speaker notes here is You have to go all the way back. Yeah, this slide is That little line on the very bottom Basically up to now I started to say that That it's hard to get having people to use I'ma Especially in the circuit boot mode because Getting the file signature is being distributed with every with the metadata with the file data is very was very Long incoming, but I'm happily happy to say that rel 9 Was released with file signatures sent OS night and stream 9 has the signatures and fedora 37 Will have the signatures So I'm looking forward to now that we have this all there I'm looking forward to people using it and really getting the benefit of it. It's been a long time coming and Any other questions So caching and and Extending the TPM are two different questions. All right. I guess I'm supposed to be repeating the question Stefan s is asking whether or not What is the alternative if we don't cash for I'ma namespacing and What is the performance impact? So I don't know what the performance impact would be but We do need to differentiate between measuring the file Repeatedly measuring the file like we do is for fuse file systems like there's another file system that doesn't have I version support and the issue of and Extending the TPM so I'm not sure how much I Mean it won't go into the measurement list the subsequent Measure in other words when you reevaluate the file it the hash is already there in The measurement list and it won't be re added to the measurement list. So the performance is the cash is preventing you from Recalculating the file hash the cat. I'm saying that if you have the cash it prevents you from recalculating the cash Okay, but now that we have fs Verity I'm opening a small file and opening a close a small file a Large file and a small file will not have the same performance impact because we're not calculating the file hash We're relying on fs Verity to provide it to us. So therefore that impetus for having the cash might not be as important and I don't and correct me if I'm wrong I mean at this Verity we've said it is only for read only files read only files And so if you now have if you're limiting what you're verifying to To configurations that have to be hashed and then to use EVM for the file to sign the file metadata then Maybe caching isn't that important because small files like a configuration files Won't take that long. I don't know The rid the the original it was it was for the original IMA namespacing where you needed the cash You really needed the cash It was not related to fs Verity if the log doesn't grow There it is prevented because the hash is the same hash and it will not be added to the measurement list It will not be added to the IMA measurement list again Any other questions? Thank you


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Alright guys, welcome back to the channel if you're new. My name is Bobby Geist. It has been a long time since we reacted to Dr. Zakir Naik today with a triggering subject, Jihad in Islam. I say triggering not for the Muslims of course, but for many non-Muslims. When they hear Jihad they only think of war, they think of terrorism and whatnot. So therefore I'm extremely curious to hear Dr. Zakir Naik's perspective on this subject. With no further ado, let's have a look. I'm Sikhar from Raji Jharkhand. I am doing my engineering from Satyawah Engineering College here. Sir, your lecture, after hearing your lecture, our disbelief about Islam and Muslims vanished today. Sir, I have been to Jammu and Kashmir and I've seen the trauma and pain that the people are suffering there because of the so-called Jihad of some Muslims. Sir, my question is that does Islam support such activities? If no, then what actually the word Jihad means? Is it in accordance with the 56th verse of the 7th chapter of Quran which says, do not mischief? Or the 14th verse of 42nd chapter which says forgiveness is better than retaliation? Or the 32nd verse of the 5th chapter which states, if anyone killed a person he kills the mankind. Sir, I have one more question in the same context and it is, that does Islam teach us to give priority to the religion that is dharma or majhab before the country or motherland, that is matribhumi or quam? Thanks a lot. Nice and respectful man. Let's hear it. Very good questions. The first question is regarding concept of Jihad. He says that why are people fighting? He has been to Kashmir about Jihad. Does Islam encourage this fighting? What is the meaning of Jihad? Does it not disagree with the quotations he gave also? Reminds the chapter 5 verse 32. Brother, as far as the word Jihad is concerned, there's a misconception not only amongst the non-Muslims but even amongst the Muslims. What most of the people think that any war fought by any Muslim for any reason, whether it be for his personal gain, whether it be for politics, whether it be for language, whether it be for color, it is called as Jihad. Jihad does not mean any war fought by any Muslim. Jihad comes from the Arabic word jahada which means to strive, which means to struggle. So Jihad basically means to strive to struggle and in the Islamic context it means to strive against one's own even inclination. It also means to strive to make the society better. It even includes to strive in the battlefield to fight self-defense. Jihad also means to fight against operation and tyranny. Jihad basically means to strive or struggle. Many people have misconceptions that Jihad means holy war and many people translate Jihad as holy war. The Arabic word for holy war is harbu muqaddasa. If you read the Quran, know when the Quran, not a single verse, know when the authentic hadith of Muhammad sallallahu alayhi wa sallam is this word harbu muqaddasa mentioned anywhere. There is no harbu muqaddasa at all. The translation of Jihad is not holy war at all. This word holy war was first used by the historians to describe the crusades of the Christian who spread Christianity and who killed thousands of people in the name of Christianity. Unfortunately today many people including so-called Muslim scholars in inverted commerce they translate Jihad as holy war. It's a mistranslation. Yes Jihad. War over what is totally hypocritical nowadays of course is that so many Christian apologists, so-called Christian apologists actually tell you that Islam is the religion of war, a religion of violence, a religion of terrorism. However, when it comes down to the crusades, they willingly ignore this of course and then they're going to claim, oh well, those are not real Christians. When we talk about Christianity, we talk about Jesus and we do not talk about the crusaders. Hippocrates means to strive to struggle. One of the striving can include fighting. Fighting also should be in the way of Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala, that is Kitashi sabilillah. Not regarding a question. That why does Islam encourage fighting and killing which by the way in the name of Allah or by the way of Allah implies of course certain rules of war as well that we can find in the Quran. You cannot destroy nature. You cannot attack civilians. Who else has such a moral conduct when it comes down to war? Even so-called liberal countries that are all so inclusive and peaceful do not take care of those rules. Many critics of Islam normally say, Islam is a ruthless religion. It always says that you should kill the non-Muslim where you find them. Many critics including the critic of India Arun Shuri and he writes in his book The World of Fatwa. He quotes Surah Taoba chapter number nine verse number five and says that the Quran says wherever you find a kafir into bracket Hindu that you kill them. And if you open the Quran Surah Taoba chapter nine verse number five and if you read it does say wherever you find a kafir you kill. But this is a quotation out of context. For the context if you read the first few verses it speaks about a peace treaty between the muslims of Makkah and the Muslims. If you read Surah Taoba chapter nine first few verses it speaks about a peace treaty between the muslims and the muslims of Makkah. Now this peace treaty was relatively broken by the muslims of Makkah. By the time Allah subhanahu ta'ala reaches verse number five he gives them ultimatum to the muslims and he tells them put things straight in four months time otherwise the declaration of war.  So this verse is revealed in the battlefield that when the enemies come to kill you don't get scared fight them. And what is so evil about that to defend yourself. But naturally any American patriot will tell you this is great. Every American patriot will tell you this is great. Of his soldiers he will say that when the enemies come to kill them he will not say they just be quiet. And Arun Shuri after quoting verse number five he jumps to verse number seven because verse number six has the reply. Surah Taoba chapter nine verse number six says that if the kafir if the enemy seek asylum if they want peace don't just give it to them. Ascott them to a place of security if the enemy wants peace asylum. Ascott them to a place of security today. And again the longer I am Muslim the more I see the common sense that is found within Islam how rational this religion is. You defend yourself and if your enemy wants peace you agree to peace. How noble is this? The most merciful army gender and which other religion provides this. Let the enemy go. Yeah Allah says don't just let them go. Ascott them to a place of security. So whenever these verses are the of killing including the verses of Surah Anfar chapter eight verse number sixty when they say that prepare your steed and be prepared attack the enemy. The next verse says but if the enemy is inclined towards peace you give it to them. So almost all the verses we talk about fighting after that it says that if they want peace peace is better. But you are having a question what about the verses of Surah Maida chapter five verse 32 Surah Nisa chapter four. It always would teach us you as well to stay prepared. There is this beautiful saying it is better to be a warrior in a garden than to be a gardener in a war. Always stay prepared. 40 that if anyone kills a human being it is as though he has killed the whole of humanity. This is the basic rule of Islam that if anyone kills a human being whether it be a Muslim or non-Muslim unless it be for murder or for creating mischief in the land spreading corruption in the land it is as though he has killed the whole of humanity. Yeah and even in this case that he was spreading mischief in the land it is not civilians just executing that person then the law has of course control over that person. Then human being it is as though he has killed the whole of humanity. Now if you read if you read Bhagavad Gita, Bhagavad Gita chapter number two verse number 50 it says Krishna Shri Krishna tells Arjun to do jihad. Strive. If you read Mabharat. Mabharat talks about thousands of verses of fighting thousands of verses many number of times more than what the Quran speaks. Mabharat is a scripture as you may be aware it talks about a feud a fight between the Pandavas and the Kauravas. The 5 by the Pandavas and 100 by the Kauravas fight and Bhagavad Gita is a part of Mabharat 18 chapters in which Shri Krishna Lord he gives advice to Arjun. I'm obviously not aware of the Hindu scriptures however in Christianity especially if you look into the Old Testament you will see of course wars the Bible claims there is a time for peace and there is a time for war but when it comes down to Islam. Arjun says Arjun says in Bhagavad Gita chapter number one verse 5 to 46 that I would prefer getting killed unarmed rather than fighting my cousins. How can I fight my cousins? The Kauravas my cousins I would prefer getting killed unarmed rather than fight immediately Lord Krishna. You know what do we say in chapter number two verse number two and three says that how could such impure thought come to your mind it is sinful how could you become so important how could your heart become so weak so Lord Krishna says such thoughts are important they are impure they are sinful it will prevent you from going to the heavenly planets going to Jannah after that Bhagavad Gita chapter number two yes it's absolutely correct and I forgot this because I read the Bhagavad Gita way way back ultimately it is Krishna telling Arjuna to go to war and let me quote this if you will not fight this righteous war then you will fail in your duty lose your reputation and incur sin people will talk about your disgrace forever to be honored dishonor is worse than death but in the west of course everybody thinks that Hinduism is all so peaceful just imagine this verse of the Bhagavad Gita would have been found in the Quran 33 says he says Lord Krishna he says to Arjun that it is the duty of a Shatriya to fight if he does not fight he shall not go to heaven and if you do not fight you're doing a sin so if you analyze in Bhagavad Gita Krishna says that you have to fight imagine if I take verses of Bhagavad Gita and say that Lord Krishna tells Arjun that you have to kill your relatives if I quote out of context it will be devilish but in context it is Lord Krishna says that if you have to fight against falsehood for the truth you can fight against anyone even if it be your relatives now in context it makes sense that if you have to fight for justice even if it be against your relatives there's no problem so that is the message of Bhagavad Gita and Mahabharat fighting truth against falsehood yes the moment I tell a Hindu about falsehood shall perish he has the knowledge he says no but Mahabharat and Bhagavad Gita is a fight between truth and falsehood that is the same thing what's mentioned in the Quran so moment I quote the Bhagavad Gita Mahabharat you understand the Quran better and furthermore many people say oh this Quran talking about jihadi if you do jihad if you die you go to Jannah many critics including Arun Shwini quote and they quote the even hadith of Sai Bukhari volume number four in the book of jihad chapter number two hadith 46 it says that a mujahid is the person who strives in the way of Allah and Allah alone knows who strives and further a prophet said that if a mujahid dies in the battlefield he'll say go to Jannah he'll get paradise but if he returns back he does not die yeah that translates directly to a martyr ultimately and even within Christianity martyrs that die for the cause of god go to heaven return back with the booty of war this hadith and several verses of the Quran I quoted by the critics of Islam I wonder how could the Hindu critics quote these things haven't read the Bhagavad Gita haven't read the Mahabharat even Shri Krishna he mentioned Bhagavad Gita chapter number two verse number 37 oh Arjun oh son of Kunti rise up and fight even if you're killed no problem you will go to heaven and if you return back successfully you will get the good riches of this earthly world same thing as the hadith so when Krishna says to Arjun that fight if you are killed no problem you will go to heaven if you return back successful you will get the riches of the world that is the same thing what Sai Bukhari says what the Quran says so therefore you should understand each other better by reading the scripture so Islam allows fighting as the last resort in self-defense or to fight against oppression otherwise no and jihad means to strive to struggle now come into your second question which is more important which is more important following the rules of the country or following the muscle of the deen it is like you asking me who do I belong to first do I belong to my father or my mother first brother as far as following the rules of the country and following the rules of deen almighty god is concerned almighty god is our creator he's most superior to us following the rules of deen is more important for us than any other rule laid down by father or mother or surprise there for a bit but i am ending i know there's not a single law in the indian constitution which prevents any muslim in india to follow islam maybe back in india is one of the few countries which is mentioning the constitution that it is the right it's the birthright of every citizen of india to preach practice his religion that's what i'm doing there is not a single law in india that changes what's meant for doing something which is first or compel me for doing something which is haram there's no law i can offer five times a life i want if i don't want i can't offer there's not a single law in the indian constitution which prevents me from becoming a good muslim therefore as far as i'm concerned i am very practicing muslim alhamdulillah and also practicing indian and it's by definition by geographical definition an indian geographically is called hindu so if hindu means a geographical definition i am a hindu living in india and i'm a practicing muslim martial all right that's in this for today's video it was really great to revisit dr zacher nike again it has been a while as i said and more over to see a young dr zacher nike he back then surely did not know what will happen later in his life yet to leave india as far as i know he's banned from india and lives in malaysia nowadays and at the moment we see a lot of hindu nationalists hate against islam within india let's pray that Allah makes it easy for muslim brothers and sisters in india that being said when we talk about jihad his explanation was spot on of course the struggle and this actually reminds me of an african senegalese muslim named sheikh ahmadu bamba and this man preached a philosophy of non-violence and peaceful coexistence whilst resisting the french colonial rule and this non-violent resistance manifested in the so-called jihad of the pen so his struggle was through pacifism through writing and not through war so as you can see jihad can be any type of struggle yes dear islamophobes non-violent struggle as well all right guys but this is it for today's video if you like to leave the thumbs up if you haven't subscribed already guys please do so and if you want to support this channel via patreon for example all the links are in the description box below thank you so much for your ongoing support guys and as always may god bless you all much love and peace


There is an understanding in the Linux community that arch users are snobbish Cultish and clannish I think is the words that you'd probably be able to find on the internet over, you know in places that describe arch user arch Linux users The same can be said about gentoo users. They are very enthusiastic members of the gentoo community and They're insular right they think gentoo is the best same with arch the arch users think arch is the best and Ubuntu users think Ubuntu is the best and mint users think mint is users in the best and if you if you Are outside of those communities and you say something against those distributions Obviously, you're an idiot but for whatever reason the arch and gentoo community seems to have the Stereotype of being unhelpful of being clannish like they don't welcome new members very easily to the clan and that is Definitely true, but I think that the problem is is that this mentality actually applies to the whole Linux community as a whole when they talk about Linux itself, so If you're a brand new Linux user or let's say you haven't quite made the jump yet Let's say you're a Windows user and you're thinking about jumping to Linux You're gonna hear things you're gonna hear the things that make it seem like the Linux community Isn't helpful towards noobs and it's sad to say that this is kind of true I got this idea on reddit because there's a subreddit called r slash Linux questions and it's one of the top Linux communities on reddit. They are For asking questions. That's literally what the subreddit is for is for people to get on there and ask their Linux questions And if you go on there, it will shock you to see how many times the answers are just Deplorably unhelpful. I mean there's read the effing manual. There's This is a noob question. We don't want to answer it. There's just flat-out ignoring noob questions completely and It's not just this one subreddit. It happens in every Linux subreddit and It happens even more in the more Clannish subreddits like suckless and arch those subreddits tend to very much be Anti-new user and probably for good reason You don't want new users to get right into the arts Linux subreddit and start asking you what is Linux? You know, how do I change directories and so like that's not the place for it But the way we respond to those questions no matter where they're asked is very important And it's not something that we do well as a community and the problem with that is is that we drive away new users If you haven't made the jump to Linux yet or if you are just starting out with Linux And you have a problem you have a question and it is definitely a noob question You know it's a noob question because you're a noob and You go to subreddit or you go to Twitter or you go to mastodon or you go to whatever and you ask this Noob question and you get shouted at because it's a noob question or you get ignored or you get derided because of it What are you gonna do? You're gonna go back to Windows At least most people would the only the people who stick on Linux or people who can push past that mentality of the Linux community and Find the answers on their own Not everybody's like that. Well, some people don't Google well, they don't they're not in the habit of going to Google and finding the answers themselves They're in the habit of raising their hand in class and getting the answer. That's how they do it that's how they've always learned and There's nothing wrong with that but in the Linux community when people ask questions that are considered noob The responses they get can be very disheartening because as a community we're not good at answering those questions because we think that everybody should look it up first and I know I'm guilty of this I know when I find someone who has a noob question. I tend to point them towards Google and googling it because And I try to do it in a you know a nice way But I do feel that new users have a better chance of sticking on Linux and being successful in their Linux journey if they get comfortable finding them the answers themselves. They'll learn it better that way and They'll also get more information that way, but the internet is a huge place. There's a ton of Misinformation out there. There are trolls everywhere telling them to run stupid commands in the terminal and That's not a great way for a lot of people to learn so I know like I said, I'm guilty of it and I think as a community we have to be better embracing our noobs We have to be able to when they have a question How do I get out of a directory in the terminal? Explain what how CD works, you know, how do I figure out how to move things in the terminal? How do I figure out how to install Arch Linux? How do I figure out how to burn an ice? So if I want to change to a different distribution because it's not the same as it is on like Windows or something I think they probably used of you know a Windows tool of some kind and You know They probably maybe they Google how to burn an ISO in Google and they come up with a command DD and that they also get these big red flag warning saying be cautious of how you use DD because you might race your disc or whatever they're gonna have to be confused and be worried and Like I said, we as a community need to embrace those people and help them along Not to ride them because they happen to be noobs and we don't do that We often very much to ride people who have what we consider stupid questions and that's not a Good thing. It's not a good thing if we want Linux to expand and to have more users It's not a good thing if we want to have a better reputation as a links community because honestly right now We don't have a very good reputation when it comes to embracing people who are new to the Ecosystem we just don't and it's not just arch and it's not just gentoo.  They're just noob noob questions I think that we're all Linux noobs I don't care what distribution you're on every single one of us have questions that we don't know the answer to That's just the way it is. I know I don't know anything everything about Linux Not even close. I learned something new Every day about Linux and that's why I like Linux because I enjoy learning things new but I know I wouldn't be Nearly the Linux user I am if I hadn't found some people that are willing to help me and overlook the fact that I often have Stupid questions.  Nobody was born knowing What Linux is or how to use Linux know how to know everything about Linux so when you come across someone who has a noob question Remember back to when you were the noob and how you would have felt if you'd got an answer of read the fucking manual Thank you for watching. You can follow me on Twitter at the Linuxcast You can support me on patreon at patreon.com slash Linuxcast or hit the join button down there on YouTube before I go I'd like to take one to thank my current patrons Devon Marcus Magland Donnie Sven east coast web and Chris Mitchell American camp. Thanks everybody for watching. I'll see you next time


Zero Accounting Software 2023, adjusting entry related to prepaid insurance and insurance expense.  First a word from our sponsor. Well, actually these are just items that we picked from the YouTube Shopping Affiliate Program, but that's actually good for you. Because these aren't things that we're just given to us from some large corporation which we don't even use in exchange for us selling them to you. These are things that we actually researched, purchased and used ourselves. Bayer Dynamic? Not sure if I said that right, but this is the DT770 Pro 250 OHM Studio Reference Closed Back Headphones. I wear headphones basically every day for a large part of the day. They are important to me. Therefore, I've gone through many different kinds of headphones. I've had these for some time and they've worked quite well. They fit over my ears, but I'm still able to put my glasses on under the headphones. The headphones not pinching too tight on the glasses to give me a headache, which is nice. The quality of the patting is good and it has lasted for some time. I've had these for some time now and they haven't gotten all torn up on me or anything like that. I also like that I have a cord when I'm doing my recordings as opposed to a USB-centered headphone because that frees up a USB port and I find the USB headphones to be less reliable. They come with an audio jack that looks like this, which is useful for me because that plugs into my audio interface. However, if you want to use the headphones for some other purpose, I believe it's fairly easy to get a converter to other types of audio jacks. If you would like a commercial free experience, consider subscribing to our website at accountinginstruction.com or accountinginstruction.thinkific.com where we have many different courses. You can purchase one at a time or have a subscription model, giving you access to all the courses. Courses which are well organized have other resources like Excel files and PDF files to download and no commercials. Here we are in our custom zero home page going into the company file. We set up in a prior presentation, get great guitars. We're going to duplicate some tabs to put reports in like we do every time. Right click on the tab up top so we can duplicate it. Right click on the tab up top so we can duplicate it. Back to the tab to the middle. Accounting drop down, opening up the balance sheet. We're looking at a comparative balance sheet. If you don't have that, you can open the normal balance sheet tab and to the right accounting drop down going to the income statement. We're looking at a comparative income statement. If you don't have that, you can open the standard income statement. Back to the tab to the left. We're looking at another adjusting entry. Remember that adjusting entries are entered as of the cutoff date. That is the end of the month or year for us February 28th. Oftentimes you might do adjusting entries at the end of the year for financial statement reporting purposes or possibly for tax reporting purposes. We're going to be doing adjusting entries based on an accrual accounting concept, but you might do similar kind of things for adjustments for tax preparation and having a tax basis in essence for example. So now we're going to look at this prepaid asset type of thing, the most common example being prepaid insurance. But it's quite similar to the furniture in fixtures or the fixed assets or depreciable assets. So let's just first take a quick look at that and apply then we'll apply the same concept or theory to the insurance. Now, when you have fixed assets, for example, if you purchase like a building, even if you pay cash for it, you're going to have to put it on the books as an asset typically, even if on a cash based system, because there's such a huge difference between the time that you actually bought the building and when you're going to consume the building. And that really demonstrates why the accrual concept is typically is better. Generally, if you could be on a cruel concept, even though it's a little bit more difficult and that is because we're trying to match up the consumption of the use of the building in order to generate revenue. If on the if, for example, I wrote off building expense for 100,000 in January and then compared by January income statement to February. January would look like I had a very, very bad month compared to February, but I didn't. I really had that possibly the same month. It's just that I bought this big piece of equipment and that kind of highlights quite drastically, you know, the principle that we need to have the expenses applied to the same period that they have been incurred. And that's why we have to put the assets on the books as an asset and then we're going to depreciate those assets over the useful life. Now, with depreciable assets, we have to use another account to do that. And one reason we do that is because it's just an estimate. The building does not actually have less building next. We still have one building. It's just deteriorating over time. And therefore we put another account kind of indicating to people, hey, look, this is an estimate. We don't need to do that with other prepays because usually there's going to be an indication to tell us exactly how much we consumed. So prepaid insurance is the same concept. And prepaid insurance is the other big prepayment that's often used as an example. And that's because insurance by its nature means that we bought the insurance before we got anything, right? Because what are we going to get when we get the insurance? And you might think when I get insurance, you might think, well, I only get something from insurance if like an accident happens. I only get something from car insurance if I get in an accident because that's when the insurance company pays out. But that's not the case. You're buying coverage. So the coverage is what you're buying. So as the coverage lapses, you're reducing your risk by having the coverage. As the coverage lapses, then we can reduce the prepaid insurance as it has been consumed. So that's the general concept. You can apply the same concept to anything else that you prepay. If you prepay your rent, then you can do the same thing. It's just that most of the time, often people pay rent monthly or something. Although rent contracts for office buildings are often less regular in their structure than rent contracts for personal rent. So anything that we prepay, we can have a similar kind of concept. Now note that if we didn't have that concept, then people can manipulate their financial statements if they have the cash flow to do so. For example, if I go to the income statement, if you wanted to lower your income statement in order to pay less taxes, let's say, in the United States for an income tax, and you could try to increase your expenses by paying prepayments. You could say, I'm going to pay my rent early. I'm going to pay all my insurance early. And then I'm going to be able to have a timing difference, recording the expense in an earlier period, hopefully trying to lower my taxes. That's manipulating the financial statements that way because you haven't actually incurred the insurance. That's the whole concept of it. And that's why we put it on the books as an asset. And then we have to do this added step of lowering the asset as we go. So just a couple of notes on prepaid insurance. You might pay the insurance monthly. If you pay it monthly, it might not be worth your time to put it on the books as an asset and then depreciate it as you go. But if you depreciate it or lower it or record the expense as you go, however, if you pay for a year's worth of insurance, it starts to become material. It starts to become important for decision making. It will distort your income statements if you don't do the whole prepaid insurance. Also note that if you're doing adjusting entries at the end of the year, you might have a bookkeeper that recorded all the insurance to a prepaid insurance account. That's like the customary way to do it to make it easy. But they may not have. They might have just expensed all of the insurance. If they expensed all the insurance, then you might still do a period in adjusting entry. It would just kind of be the opposite. You would have to reduce the expense and record the prepayment for the amount of the prepayment that has not yet been consumed. The reason we typically put these on the books as a prepayment originally and then do an adjusting entry reducing the prepayment is because one, that's the normal flow that should happen, because when you first buy it, it has not yet been consumed. And two, it's a little bit easier to do the adjusting entries that way, because this is a permanent account. So it doesn't close out to retained earnings at the end of the year. Therefore, it's a little bit easier to track this account and lower it than it is dealing with an expense account, which will close out automatically at the end of the year. And that kind of messes up the adjusting entry. So from a bookkeeping standpoint, you have a decision to make. You're going to be like, OK, for the prepaid insurance, I want to make this as easy as possible. What would be the easiest thing to do in a bookkeeping side of things? Have it paid automatically with your bank feeds and then allocate it to just one account, so that I can automate the transactions. Now, you could just automate that to the expense account. And that would be fine if you don't have to deal with this adjusting entry at the end of the year. But if you have to deal with an adjusting entry, you might just record everything to prepaid insurance and then make that adjusting entry either yourself or by the tax preparer or accountant that's putting together the year-end adjusting entries. All right, so the actual adjusting entry, we're going to assume that one month has passed. So if we were to actually calculate the prepaid insurance, we would get the plan. For the insurance plan, we would see how long the coverage is for and how much we paid for it. So we're going to imagine we pay $12,000. At the beginning of February, let's say, and it's covering 12 months. So how much have we consumed then to make this nice and easy? $12,000 divided by 12, the monthly amount would be $1,000. So we're going to assume that as of February, we have consumed $1,000 of the insurance. Therefore, we're going to lower this amount by $1,000 and record the related expense. What's going to be left then? $1,000 times $11,000 or $11,000, 11 months which have not yet been consumed on that side. All right, so let's do it. We're going to go to the first tab to do it. We'll do a journal entry, hitting the drop down. And we're going to go into the reports to get into our manual journal entries. And we're going to go in here and say, this is going to be journal entries, journal entries, where's the womanly journal entries? Where's the womanly journal entry? I don't know. Let's not get into that. Let's go into the, let's go into add a new journal and this is going to be an adjusting entry, an adjusting entry. And we're going to say this is as of the end of FEB, FEB 28, FEB 28, because that's the date that all of our adjusting entries are for. This will not be a reversing entry. So we're not going to do any reversing entry. Why? Because this is what we call a permanent difference. It's not a timing difference. So it's not like, so because it's not like we're going to get the insurance back, right? We're not just doing a timing type of thing. It's going to be a permanent change that's happening that we're going to record periodically. All right, we're going to say then the adjusting entry is going to be for insurance. Do we have an insurance account? We do. There's the insurance expense. Easy enough, $1,000 on the expense side and then the credit's going to go a prepaid insurance. That's it. And that's all you've got to do. That's all you've got to do. And so what will this do? It'll decrease the insurance account, leaving it at 11,000 from the 12,000 for the prepaid insurance and it'll increase the insurance expense lowering the net income. So let's post it and check it. Posting it and then checking it. Back to the balance sheet update so we can see it up to the date. And then we're going to go down and say prepaid insurance is now down to 11,000 out of February 28th. So if I go into that and we check it on out, check it on, check it on, check it on out. We've got it, we've got the journal entry. Now note, you might ask, you might say, well, yeah, well, I mean, what about the day before February? February 27th, we had used 27 days of the inventory. My reports are not quite right as of February 27th. And we're going to say, yes, that's true. Why don't I allocate like 1,000 divided by 28 days? Why don't I allocate $35.71 per day for the month? That would be more, that would be more correct. So you'd be correct more of the time. Yes, but that's tedious to do. And that's the point here. So we're just going to, we're going to make these periodic adjustments at the end of the period. So the whole point is I'm trying to streamline everything, making the data input as easy as possible, pulling the information in from the bank account, plugging it into prepaid insurance and just making the adjustments periodically, usually at the end of the month or the end of the year as needed, sacrificing the fact that the middle of the month may not be perfectly adjusted and that's fine. So we're going to go to the tab to the right, update this again. And then if we go on down, we could say we should have insurance down here. Right there, there it is. Insurance has been recorded for February. We're going to say that we went without insurance for January. We recorded the adjusting entries as of the end of February and so on. And you can see why that's important. Note, if I recorded all the insurance in January, even though I didn't have it covered until February, then I would have a distortion of my net income, right? And recording it this way should be more comparatively accurate to kind of judge actual performance between January and February. All right, so that's it. Let's go to our trial balance and check out where we stand at this point in time, hit the dropdown in the accounting reports and we'll type in the trustee trial balance. Not trustee, but trial balance. Trustee is just what it is. I don't type in trustee because Zero doesn't call it that. But it is trustee. I trust the trial balance more than most human beings by far updating it. There it is. Okay, so this is where we stand if, wait a sec. Yeah, that's fine. I'm running it through March. Maybe I should do it as of the cutoff. But I'll just do it for the whole thing so you can see kind of where we stand, including the stuff that we entered in March. So this is where we are, just so you can check your numbers. And if your number's tied out last time and not this time, we of course made a change to the prepaid insurance and we made a change to the insurance expense, classic adjusting entry, having one balance sheet account, one income statement account to it.


Welcome back to my channel and this video is in continuation with the video where I am discussing 7 important points that you must keep in mind if you are preparing for UGC net and if you want to attack the UGC net syllabus in completed within a short span. In the last video I have already discussed 4 important pointers and in this video I am going to discuss the last 3. Now before we move on to the last 3 pointers I would like to tell you that there's a short gift that I have given to all the best comments that I have picked up in my last video and I have given a shout out to all these best comments on all my social media platforms. So if you have not followed me yet on the social media platform the links are given in the description below and do follow me and see who are the people who have been rewarded for the best comments. Also at the same time I would like to tell you that it is important to go to the last video and just have a short recap on what we have learned. The first point that I discussed in the last video was the importance of making notes. The second point that I discussed was what should be your approach when you are tackling paper 1 and paper 2 and how your approach to tackle different topics of each paper are important because your approach is what is going to give you extra marks. The third point as we all know I have been focusing from a lot of my videos is the importance and power of focus. So it is only through focus we understood that you can get your target that you can be consistent in your preparation and how consistency can help you achieve the dream job that you are looking forward to do. The fourth and final point we discussed in the last video was about how you need to practice MCQs every day if you want to stand high in your degree on the day of the exam and why is MCQ practicing so important because we realize the fact that on the day of the exam it is MCQs that you have to face. So even if you have done a lot of theoretical reading and if you have not yet practiced MCQs then you might find yourself lacking somewhere on the day of the exam. It is only by practicing what will be asked on the day of the exam you get it right. So make sure that you practice 20 MCQs from paper 1 and 20 MCQs from paper 2 every single day. And can you believe how many MCQs will you be able to solve in 3 months if you follow this practice? So if we calculate 20 MCQs for 30 days that gives us 600 MCQs and 600 into 3 months gives us 1800 MCQs. This is only the number of MCQs you will do for one paper. So if you total 1800 and 1800 that is 3600 questions you would be able to tackle before the exam. And on the day of the exam you just have to solve another 150 questions. So a person who has already solved 3600 questions can you see what kind of confidence he would be having when he would be sitting in front of the computer screen tackling the question paper. So I wish you that kind of confidence and I wish you all the best for the exam. So now without any further delay let's jump right into the topic and let's see what are the 3 missing components that is going to complete the 7 part wheel that can ensure your success on the day of UGC net exam. The fifth component which forms the part of that wheel is time management. I know that most of you who are watching my videos they are either working professionals or there are students who are enrolled in masters and who are trying to balance how to tackle all the responsibilities at the college and simultaneously prepare for UGC net. So for all those people who want to know how you can manage your entire day I would like to tell you that balance is the key one without the other is a lost proportion. So if you are trying to prepare for a competitive exam make sure that you make yourself realize that there is sufficient amount of time that you have with you using which you can fulfill all the other responsibilities. For example if you decide that I would be studying for UGC net for 6 hours every day if you look at 6 hours you might find that you still have 18 hours in hand when you can fulfill all the other responsibilities that you have with you. So it's not that you don't have enough time it's the only thing that you don't know how to manage your time that is extremely important.  Make sure you meditate every day you give time for your physical exercise be it 15 minutes but make sure your body feels rejuvenated make sure you spend some quality time with your friends and family also for half an hour you might talk to your best friend for half an hour and next day you might speak to your mother for half an hour and have a very fulfilling conversation and that is how you are not going to feel as if you are making yourself suffer. Preparation should be a beautiful journey only when the preparation is beautiful the outcome the achievement that you are going to get is going to make even more value. So make sure you study happily and also give time to all the other aspects of your life. The next important component which most of the toppers speak about is a mentor. Now we all know what is the syllabus and what are the books that we can refer in order to complete that syllabus but still you might be feeling at times that you don't know how to tackle a particular topic what to study, what not to study you might find that a particular concept or a particular topic is not making any sense to you this is where the mentor is going to play a very crucial role so make sure that when you are preparing for exam you have a mentor or teacher who can guide you about what to study what not to study there is a mentor who can actually solve all your doubts and there is a mentor who can tell you how you have to approach a particular topic and who can explain you the topic so beautifully that you don't have to invest a lot of time looking it on Google or maybe reading a lot of books in order to understand the concept the role of a mentor or role of a teacher is to explain the topic so simply to simplify it to that level that you get it in 15 minutes a topic for which you might have to sit and struggle for 6 hours or 7 hours the mentor can actually explain that to you in 15 minutes and that is what we are trying to do in our online course so if you look at our online course you will find that we are trying to simplify each and every topic like literary theory literary criticism all the works of major writers in such a simple format that you don't have to struggle reading all these long summaries or go through all these long PDFs you just need to put your headphones listen to the lecture, absorb it and once you are done you feel that ok, I am so confident about that particular writer and all his works so that is how a mentor is going to make the challenge drift away from your preparation and can help you make this journey even more beautiful the last and the most important component which I would like to talk about before we end this video is our ability to handle failures guys we all have a fear of failure bubbling inside us whenever we think about not qualifying this exam and because of this fear of failure we are not able to perform the way we should there are a lot of students who regularly call our counsellors and share their worries that ma'am we are preparing so much what will happen if we fail ma'am my life will stop if I work so hard and this exam is not clear ma'am I can't even think of giving the exam I feel if it's not then how am I going to face my parents ma'am I won't be able to do anything in my life if I haven't cleared this exam and so many other questions bubbling in their head and if you write all these questions and go to their roots then you will know that only one thing is stopping you and one thing is creating so much anxiety in you and that one thing is fear of failure yesterday night I watched a very very nice movie which I would like to share with all of you and I would like to see all of you hitting the cinema hall and watching that movie and learning something from it the movie was Chachore directed by the director of Dungal it is having Sushant Singh Rajput and Shraddha Kapoor as the main lead characters and it's a beautiful movie showcasing how we Indians have never equipped ourselves to handle failures we all work very hard in life to achieve a goal but during that journey we attach ourselves so much with that goal that even the thought of not getting what we are trying to achieve shatters us and shatters us like hell in that movie there's the son who prepares for JEE exam son of Sushant Singh Rajput and Shraddha Kapoor preparing for JEE exam and when he finally finds out that he has not cleared that exam he jumps off from building just because he can't live with the tag I am a loser he feels that if he doesn't clear the exam then he won't be able to do anything in life and towards the end of the movie he decides to go to another college and he says a very beautiful line that life is all about living there is no purpose for life the beauty of life isn't living that life and the journey needs to be beautiful not the destination it's not about whether we clear net or not it's about we love the journey of preparing for this exam when you are looking at different topics which you have never heard of or which were alien to you and you are trying to understand that and finally you were able to get something out of it that is what makes the journey beautiful we don't need to attach ourselves to the fact of winning this exam to the fact of qualifying this exam it's more important to enjoy the journey make sure that you don't feel that you will be a loser if you will not be able to qualify this exam I have seen a lot of students calling our counselling cell everyday saying that it's getting very exciting what if there is no exam what will happen what if I didn't study what will happen if I don't perform in the exam as much as I am working hard so if you look at all these questions and you try to look at the root the root would be fear of failure we cannot think if we will lose despite all the hard work I am really really really looking forward to see all of you watching this movie and understanding the fact that a loser is not the one who is not able to win a loser is the one who doesn't give his best Steve Jobs has an amazing line which I always say to students that today you should decide to do the best work of your entire life that's it it's not the outcome it's about the journey if you study your best that is what you should appreciate yourself for it's not that whether you are going to win the exam or not there are a lot of challenges in life such exams that you might not be able to clear but how long we will be afraid of this fact how long we will be running let's face it winning is important losing is equally important winning is going to give you a life lesson and winning and losing both is going to give you a life lesson that is what you need to change in yourself it's not the destination it's not the goal it's the journey towards that goal that makes it beautiful so make sure you start embracing success as well as failures equally and start appreciating yourself for the phenomenal person you are I wish you a very very cool and calm study period and I wish you all the best for the upcoming net exam if you are facing any definitive challenge while you are preparing for this exam make sure you write to us in the comment section below and I am telling you I am going to read all those comments personally and going to tackle each of these questions in my upcoming videos wishing you all the best from my side and from the side of the entire arpathakarwa.com that's it for this video lecture we will meet very soon in our next video lecture till the time we meet next happy learning, keep loving literature and stay tuned to arpathakarwa.com


Hi everyone, this is Chichou. Welcome to my channel and welcome to another comic book haul video And this is a small comic book haul, nine comics and they're related to the same sort of event okay, and I've had these comic books on my radar for quite some time and I've been meaning to get my hands on them and basically I sort of Decided to go low budget and wasn't able to grab them and I was trying to low bid some of the auctions that were in play and it was always getting outbid by multiple people and some of the comics Some of the buys that I was looking at the sellers were going through eBay's shipping program And the shipping was just going to be insane and as you know if you've been watching some of the other comic book hauls I've decided not to buy from any sellers that are going through eBay's global shipping program because It's horrendous. The comics don't arrive safe. They're not packaged properly. It's extra cost There's multiple people handling and the seller sends it to eBay's shipping center in Kentucky or Tennessee and they just throw everything in a box and they send it to you so it cost too much Ghosts through duties. The comics don't come safely So I've decided not to buy from any Sellers that go through eBay shipping program. So if you're an eBay seller in the United States, please stop Using eBay's global shipping program. You're losing a lot of actually Bitters from the international market I just wanted to put that out there because it took me a while to get my hands on these comics Because these comics were from a Canadian seller. So I had to do the searches and Finally a Canadian seller were selling these and I put it on my watch list And this is one thing that happens with eBay. You can put things on your watch list, right? and I've seen this happen more and more when the For buy it now basically specifically so you can take comic books sets of comic books or individual comic books that You want to get your hands on and just put them on your watch list and as the time Clicks down to when the auction is going to end What happens with some sellers? They give you a discount offer, okay? Now these nine comic books were listed as buy it now for $40 $39.99 okay, and You know, I was thinking about pulling the trigger not pulling the trigger pulling the trigger not pulling the trigger and It was I think it came down to the last day that the auction was going to end or the last few hours That the auction was going to end and all of a sudden I started getting and I was watching a few other Buy it now auctions from the seller all of a sudden I started getting emails coming in that the buyer has offered you a discount and Instead of $39.99 They offered a discount of to buy it now for $29.99 Including shipping so shipping was included in this was free and just to let you know the shipping for this was like 14 Something like $15 so basically the seller ended up Charging me $15 for the comic books and he paid $15 with tracking with the comic books Right. I wasn't even expecting the comics to be Sent to me sent to me through tracking But he ended up doing that right so it was a great deal. Okay now For that intro, I'm not done with the intro by the way Let me tell you why I decided to pull the trigger on these ones because I am flying on low budget. I usually not Really buying anything unless I can get it for ridiculously low price, right? And this was a fair value. It was a good price But the reason I ended up pulling the trigger on this was because of a comment that Someone that's been following our comic books specifically videos that we've been loading on YouTube and bit shoot but YouTube for a number of years, right? He put out the following comment on The previous comic book video that we put out which was basically talking about I believe if we did some a couple of comic book hauls as well as Getting the amazing spider-man 361 gifted to us CGC grade gifted to us from a buyer that bought the books on eBay as well as us doing a review of Monstrous and Blackhammer and an in-depth review of Monk, right? And this is the comment that he posted on That video or one of those videos because I cut up the Monk one and put that up separately on the amazing Spider-man 361, right? so FRF Just so you know who this is and if you're watching this FRF, thank you very much for the reminder for me to get these books This was his comment Great to see you so happy Chicho for me all comics all comics roads lead to Grant Morrison Therefore when you showed your 3d comic, I immediately had to think of Superman beyond 3d Morrison and Doug Manki's two-part final cry crisis tie-in from 2008 Then the reason he's mentioning the Superman 3d because we did a comic book haul. We had the 1952 I believe Superman 3d that we Got at an amazing price, right? And then he continues. It's very nice Of course, I'm also campaigning for you to get Morrison and quietly's Pax America from 2014 this is probably my favorite comic of the decade Okay, I always joke that I was literally shivering with excitement when I first read it Okay, so he added a couple more things, but that's basically the Comment that got me pulling the trigger on this baby. And as you can guess, this is the Pax America comic in there as well as the all nine issues of the Malta multi-city sort of the series that came out from 2014-2015 and for some reason I didn't pick these out when they were coming on the shelf But very happy to have these right and my comments of my reply to FRF was the following ha ha definitely a fun time and an amazing gift There's a pun in there if you saw the amazing spider-man 361 Cgc unboxing and Brother all comic roads a road roads Leading to Grant Morrison is a great place to be and I agree with FRF if I was going to pick one writer that Could only read for the next year. Let's say it would be Grant Morrison. He is without a doubt one of my top I'll put five top five comic book writers. Okay, if I had the choice And I'll continue if I had to choose just one writer Morrison would be it and so I'm with you on this one I remember you mentioning Pax America before and I tried to get my hands on it on a set But kept on losing out on the eBay auctions. I believe it's just one issue with a maxi 12 issue follow-up Follow-up am I correct on this? Think it might be time for me to try it again, right and I was wrong in the 12 issue It's a nine issue set. He mentions FRF followed up with the With another comment. I'm going to read this comment to you as well. Okay so FRF saying Pax America was a Walls was part of multi multi Multiversity which equals two books play plus eight issues equals ten issues in total I believe it's supposed to be nine issues if it is supposed to be ten issues If you guys are watching this, let me know what the tenth issue is, okay, and then He continues, but I think PA works quite well as a standalone Here's a nice nice quote, and I believe these quotes are for Morrison, right? quote Morrison while an article referring to Pax America quote Morrison describes Pax America as a citizen cane and Here quote again. I think I just read the best comic comic of the year I think a book that functions as both an and homage and a challenge to Watchman honoring his themes and Formalist approach while making a very different argument about storytelling and the nature of heroism It grapples no engages with the spandex classic Using it as a starting point from which to do its own thing. Okay That's our intro to this haul and You know, I got a little write-up here of what the Multiversity is is a limited series of interrelated one-shots set in the DC multiverse in the new 52 a Collection of Universes seen in publications by DC Comics the one shots in this series were written by Grant Morrison Each with a different artist the Multiversity began in August 2014 and ran until April 2015 There's a little bit more write-up here. It's a complicated thing. I didn't do too much Reading of the wiki page and or any other articles I came across on this because I want this to be I don't want spoilers given to me, right? So how about with that intro out of the way like a 10-minute intro out of the way? Let's take a look at this. Now. I got this shipping was free ended up picking enough for $30 Canadian which ends up being like $22 $23 US including shipping now the shipping It's not coming the best of packaged Content as you can see here There's nothing protecting the sides of the comic. It's not bubble Packaging right and I'm not going to show you the front because all the names and addresses on there But I'm glad the person put fragile handle with care. Okay, and he had The society's using whatever you can get his hands on this is private confidential, right? So it makes it look important. I guess But let's crack this open and I'm you know, he graded these things at Very fine plus near mint minus, which is basically a reading copy from me, right? and I just wanted these to read because what FRF said his Most favorite comic book of the decade now the decade's almost over. We got like right now is December End of December mid December we're in right now. So the decade's almost over. He made this comment a couple of weeks ago So according to FRF his favorite comic book of the decade is in here, right? That's a huge saying because there have been some amazing amazing amazing comic books put out This decade really this is this has been the 2010s have been one of the most amazing decades if you're into reading comic books and collecting comic books ever So modern comics, I mean It didn't really there's no extra cardboard in this or anything So he just took the comics. He's got them individually backed and boarded The seller and he said he was going to do that but There's no extra protection in this, right now. I would never send out comic books like this Right, but we got out at a great price It was a seller in Alberta, I believe So let me pull this out Nice. Oh, maybe he does have an extra Board here. Oh, yeah, he does have an extra board here covering the cover of this thing So let's craft this open. It's like tapes are already falling apart Hilarious Some people in their shipping styles. I mean, look at this thing. It just comes off, right? So he did put a couple of extra boards on either side, right? So let's take a look at this. This is one Two Did he double? Oh, he doubled them. He doubled double them on both sides, right? So there should be nine comic books here. So one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight and nine. Okay, let's take a look at this They're all number number one And if you go to a wiki page just sort of lists them as which order we're supposed to read them in I haven't looked into the order yet, but when I'm reading these I'm gonna Look at that list and make sure I'm reading them accordingly, right? I'm not sure how important it is to do that, but I Think it might be important to do that So let's take a look at this thing. This one is the multiverse multi I got to pronounce this correctly multi-verse city the multi-verse city. This is Morrison Reese Prado Rufino comic Neighborhood watch. Take a look at this and they look to be, you know Yeah, very Near mint minors near mint like these look okay to me. I haven't cracked them open yet. So this is one of them Here's the other one multi-versity society of superheroes Dr. Faith and the SOS sort an invasion from Nightmarish parallel planet. Oh, this sounds amazing. Look at this thing Right Fantastic, this looks Phenomenal here, let's bring it over so you can see the cover Right, and here's a little write-up for it Great. I like dr. Faith. I I really like dr. Faith I Read some of the older issues One of the I don't know volume two probably or volume one. I think it's volume one way maybe From the 90s, I don't know if volume two or volume one. It was really good I really liked it and I like the character and I like the magic aspect of things and look at this rabbit I don't have never seen this rabbit before take a look at this one. Look at this guy. Who's this guy? Rabbit superhero, the bunny rabbit. Nice This is the Pax America That is Grant Morrison and Frank quietly and Frank quietly has done some amazing work, right? He did we three and he did the oh God, he did a few other things a lot of things So this is the one that FRF was saying his favorite comic book of the decade. So I'm looking forward to reading this This is gonna be my Holiday reading comic books, right? Fantastic, right? Pax America Time is the school in which we learn time is the fire in which we burn. Oh Delmore Schwartz, that's a quote from Delmore Schwartz. Look at this Right here. That is cool And as you know, we love I love making videos and talking about time so The multi-versity guidebook Together for the first time the Batman of two worlds The house of heroes on the siege Reveal the secret maps of the multiverse. This is multiverse is referred to a lot in The DC universe. Here's this one. This is the guidebook Looking forward. I've seen the the map that they're showing here this guy here and there's another map here And there's multiple maps of the multiverse. I was never able to figure it out. Well, to a certain degree Yes, and no, but I didn't jump on the multiverse bandwagon right away And I haven't really yet. It's just became too complicated, right? like Marvel and DC their universes the The relaunches and all those parallel universes multiverses and one it's just became too much for me too complicated But very much looking forward to reading this especially this one favorite comic of the decade Hey, wow, wow, wow And just so you know the favorite as far as I'm concerned my favorite comic of the decade for the 2000s Would have to be from valiant comics and it's the book of death fall of Harbinger and I'll put that in the same category as fall of the book of death fall of Bloodshot as far as I'm concerned fall of Harbinger and fall of bloodshot were My two favorite comic books in the 2000s in the last decade. There's a lot I'll say in my top 10 or my top 20 maybe right But those are the first two that come to mind and we did a reading of book of death fall of Harbinger Sort of ASMR chill reading and the writer for that comic Fall of Harbinger right Joshua Dysart He saw the comic saw the reading that we did the video that we put up and he posted a comment saying Wow, he loved the reading and he said the way the reading was done because he mentioned that he he'd been doing yoga for a number of Years and the way we did the reading and just flipping the pages looking at the panel the way the story flowed in that reading really instantly kicked them into a Meditative meditative state that he tries to reach Through yoga right so that was a huge compliment. I sort of went fanboy on him. Oh my god Fantastic. Thank you for a comment. They I'm glad you liked it and all that jazz right so to me fall of Harbinger For the record It would have to be in follow bloodshot to my favorite comic books of the decade Let's take a look at this one Multiversity the just Superman Batman is The world's finest bro Era with shocking I'm not thatting little girl anymore.  Awesome. This looks like tabloid style. Take a look at this one Fantastic, I hadn't looked at these in depth before I always go a little research And I say okay, I want to get these comics and I try to get my hands on them and then When I can get my hands on them and then I start looking into into them a little bit more in depth, right? That man's Superman bromance. Look at their smiles. Hey Is the world's finest romance over is it over? I don't think so. I don't think so And their mothers are both Martha, right? Look at this one nice Thunder world adventures Awesome and the movie for this was not bad. Well, I don't know. I don't think it was based on this but It shows that cool cool cool Look at this one. What's this? What's this? Multiversity masterman Impossible you must be cheating you bet. I'm cheating, but you won't know how until it's too late Overman versus uncle This looks dark. This looks seriously dark.  Overman Looks like an evil dude We'll find out. We'll find out look at this one Ultra comics only you can save the world if you value your lives. You must not read this comic Oh more this must be this is Morrison style just creating chaos right and humor Dark humor in there with Morrison black humor That looks great looks great Nice nice and what is this one? Justice incarnate Wow Reimagination of all the the Justice League you got the flash Awkward man, but it's awkward when you got Batman Superman Who's the one in the back? It's got to be Wonder Woman, but I don't know look at this one Go I'll show you so you see so this is a I'm assuming based on the different universes In places and this guy was selling these for six bucks a pop. I guess $5 $6 most adversity number two. Oh, that is number two. So this was number two. This is number one number one Number one issue number one So they all seem to be number one except the last one number wise So We'll find out. I'll have to find out which way the order of reading for these is so fantastic And this has been sitting on my here. I got a couple of days ago So I got to leave a feedback for the seller because he left the feedback When he knew the comics had arrived saying, thank you very much for the payment and stuff like this. I don't know I Put the seller on my watch list. I don't know if I'll be buying from him again because the Shipping was on the horrendous side Like if this was coming from anywhere other than Canada from Alberta, it would have been damaged up to yin-yang, right? Like just by fluke it arrived relatively safe There wasn't any holes in it and stuff But we'll see if I if he's got some stuff that I want to buy as a reader copy You know, I have on my watch list. I'll keep on watching some of the stuff that he's putting out and If I get some funds and I get an amazing deal and put things on my watch list and he offers offers a discount towards the end Maybe we'll pull the trigger. Okay I thought I'd share that with you guys because I know this is an important read and FRF has been Telling me to buy this for the last couple of years where it was on my radar. I was getting emails when new New sets were being put on eBay, but I wasn't able to win any of them the ones that I bid on, right? So I'm glad for the reminder. Thank you FRF for Getting this into my hands, right? Very much looking forward to it and I'll read it before the decades over so I Can make a decision if it's Harbinger a fall of Harbinger book of death fall of Harbinger and fall of bloodshot if they're going to be my favorite reads and they're both standalone single-issue comics that you can read just like packs America as well, right? So after reading packs America will make a decision which one's going to be our favorite comic book of the decade Okay, I thought you you guys would appreciate this comic call pretty small one, but pretty important books Tie into many things and Morrison writing them Very very very happy to have this in the collection and have an opportunity to read this Event, okay aside from that. I'll see you guys in the next video. Bye for now