Good afternoon and welcome. My name is Elise Grande and I am the President of the United States Institute of Peace, which was established by Congress in 1984 as a nonpartisan public institution dedicated to preventing and mitigating and helping to resolve violent conflict abroad. As part of the Institute's celebration of Pride Month, we're delighted to be hosting today's conversation on protecting gender and sexual minorities in peace building. This is a critical discussion that goes right to the heart of how to build durable lasting peace around the world. As all of us know, peace building only really works if it is inclusive and grounded in commitments to protect people, center gender and uphold the rights of everyone. Some important progress is being made in this direction.  One year on, executive departments and agencies across the government are reporting on the steps being taken to promote and protect the human rights of LGBTQI plus persons and reduce discrimination and violence in our diplomacy and foreign assistance. To help frame today's discussion, we are honored to share a message from the State Department's Special Envoy to advance the human rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, gender, queer, and intersex persons, Jessica Stern. Special Envoy Stern has a distinguished background before her current role, the Special Envoy-led Outright Action International. She has worked for Human Rights Watch. She was a Ralph Bunch Fellow at Amnesty International and an Adjunct Professor at Columbia University School of International and Public Affairs. Special Envoy Stern's work has been recognized and honored by numerous organizations. Before hearing our Special Envoy's message, we encourage all of you to join our conversation by using the hashtag InclusivePeaceUSIP. Hello everyone, my name is Jessica Stern and I'm the U.S. Special Envoy to advance the human rights of LGBTQI plus persons. Thank you for inviting me to speak today. It is an honor to be a part of USIP's Pride Month celebration and to open this discussion about the importance of including LGBTQI plus persons in peace-building initiatives and efforts around the world. I'm sorry I can't be with you in person, but I applaud my colleagues who are joining you today to discuss the U.S. government's efforts on advancing the human rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and intersex persons around the world. The U.S. State Department and USAID have made great strides over the past years to integrate the protection of LGBTQI plus persons and issues into our broader initiatives on civilian security, violence mitigation, and violence prevention. Pride events like this are important because they give us a moment to celebrate and to reflect. We celebrate the progress that we've made to date and we reflect on the barriers that still remain.  They face these challenges because of who they are and who they love. LGBTQI plus persons which include women and girls, members of racial, ethnic, and religious minority groups, migrants, refugees, older persons, and persons with disabilities all face multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination such as structural barriers, discriminatory laws and policies which limit their access to justice, safety, health, education, and employment opportunities. The impact of such discrimination is compounded and make more acute in conflict settings in which LGBTQI plus persons face outsized barriers to achieving essential safety and security. The data shows that inclusive peace processes are key to creating sustainable peace and ending the cycle of conflict. Inclusion in peace building processes is critical to laying the foundation for political systems in which governments uphold their obligations to protect human rights and fundamental freedoms. Governments that do so are more likely to reflect the interests of all citizens contributing to the greater well-being of all members of society and in building a lasting peace. In addition to what the data shows us, our experience living in today's world demonstrates how we are facing challenges never before imagined. New challenges and new problems require a different kind of thinking and unique perspectives that can bring forth solutions we have not considered before. Bringing in voices of those with experiences that are different than ours, especially the most vulnerable among us, will allow us to achieve progress faster. To move beyond elite bargains and decisions made only by the powerful, we must dedicate ourselves to the protection of those who have been left out of these conversations and ensure their safety, security, and access to participation. We must do better at listening to the voices in the communities impacted by conflict to better understand what they want, what they need, and begin a process of reconciliation. We know this can be done and done well, as evidenced by the processes surrounding the comprehensive peace agreement in Colombia. In the Colombian case, the women's movement expanded its definition of gender and intentionally brought in and protected the LGBTQI plus community and other vulnerable groups. Social movements representing women displaced by violence, women farmers, representatives of Afro-Colombian and indigenous women, and LGBTQI plus activists were part of ongoing dialogues that led to the inclusion of gender sensitive language and measures throughout the peace agreement. I'm going to end with a call to action. Peacebuilding efforts and those who run them must work hand in hand with LGBTQI plus persons to more effectively include LGBTQI plus voices in the political processes from which they have been historically excluded. I'm proud that the Department of State is mainstreaming LGBTQI plus human rights issues into our broader bilateral and multilateral diplomatic engagement and ensuring that U.S. strategies, policies, and programs including those related to conflict and peacebuilding are informed by an analysis of gender, power, and conflict dynamics. For our work to be successful, we need groups like those in attendance today to help identify and document promising practices and successes, elevate the importance of human dignity, and innovate new solutions to the ever more complex world before us. Thank you again for inviting me to join you, and I wish you a very happy pride. Thank you, Special Envoy Stern. Thank you, President Lise Grande, for your analyses of the progress of and continuing challenges to the LGBTQI plus communities in conflict zones. And thank you for your eloquent calls to action on both protection and participation of these communities. Both Lise and Jessica have clearly framed our topic of today. Now I have the privilege of moderating an expert panel to explore these issues further. I'm David Young. I'm USIP's Vice President in charge of our thematic practices. These practices include those that support the inclusion of historically marginalized communities in peacebuilding. USIP has proudly supported the women, peace, and security movement as well as the youth, peace, and security movement. Now with equal pride, we look to strengthening our support to the LGBTQI plus communities. As with the so-called WPS and YPS agendas, we aim to support the protection of gender and sexual minorities in conflict countries as well as to support their participation in peace processes. I'd like to welcome warmly our three panelists, all very expert and very experienced. First, Nila Ghoshal is Senior Director of Law, Policy, and Research at Outright Action International. Before assuming this position last fall, Nila worked at Human Rights Watch as the Associate Director of LGBT Rights. Jay Gilliam is Senior LGBTQI Plus Coordinator at US Agency for International Development. Previously, he served as the Director of Global Programs at the Human Rights Campaign. And my colleague Kathleen Cougan from the State Department, she is a Senior Advisor for Criminal Justice Integration and Gender at the State Department's Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs. Previously, she's done a number of things, including working as a Legislative Counsel in the US Senate, as a Litigator in a Private Law Firm, and as a Program Manager at a Shelter for Victims of Domestic Violence. Thanks to all three of you for your leadership and for being here today. I'd like to start off the questioning in the context of special envoy, Stearns and Lisa Grande's call to action, which themselves, as they mentioned, fit into the implementation of President Biden's historic February 2021 memorandum to the heads of US departments and agencies on the advancement of LGBTQI Plus human rights around the world. So I'd like to explore the views of the panelists on these matters. Please remember, as Lee said, tweet at hashtag inclusive peace, USIP, all one word, and please, during the course of this conversation, post any questions you have or comments in the chat box on the webcast page. So let me turn to the first question, which I'm going to ask all three panelists. It's a set of questions about the protection of gender and sexual minorities in conflict countries. In what ways does your agency, or in the case of NILA, your NGO, support the protection of LGBTQI Plus communities in conflict areas? How do you prevent and mitigate violence towards these communities? Is this work part of your broader work on civilian security? And if so, what's different? What's particularly challenging about supporting gender and sexual minorities in conflicts? And if you could give us an example or two of your protection efforts. So let me first start with Kathleen, then I'll go to Jay and then NILA. Kathleen, welcome. Thanks so much, David. And good afternoon, everyone. Thank you for this very broad question. I'll do my best to try to hit on the different components. But I guess I'll just start by saying that because they target individuals or groups on the basis of identity, bias motivated crimes are particularly insidious. These are crimes that target people on the basis of identity characteristics such as gender identity, sexual orientation, disability, ethnicity, and religion. And they pose a challenge to individuals as well as to the communities and ultimately to the society as a whole. I&L promotes an approach to countering bias motivated crimes that involve reporting of data, reporting and data collection, tailoring training for criminal justice practitioners, and promoting outreach. So first, with respect to accurate reporting and collection of relevant data, this helps us, helps authorities to take steps to counter hate crimes. Accordingly, we support within I&L the voluntary implementation of the International Classification of Crime for Statistical Purposes or ICCS, which the UN Crime Commission approved in 2015. The ICCS recognizes the need to track crimes motivated by bias. Second, laws that address bias motivated violence should be accompanied by tailored training to help police, prosecutors, judges, and other criminal justice authorities identify, report, investigate, prosecute, and adjudicate hate crimes to ensure that all services and care are trauma-informed so that survivors are not re-traumatized in the process of engaging with the justice system. And moreover, it is important that criminal justice actors are cognizant of their own biases and how these impact their work. It's critically important that members of marginalized communities and other members of civil society have confidence in law enforcement and cooperate in their investigations. Building trust is a long-term process, and so we support the use of proactive outreach measures such as establishing specially-trained liaison offices with police departments, and these can promote greater information sharing to help solve crimes and even to prevent future ones. Ensuring that members of LGBTQI-plus communities, including civil society groups, are at the center of any response to an LGBTQI-plus, to anti-LGBTQI-plus violence is essential. In order for the inclusion of LGBTQI-plus persons to be better situated within our broader efforts to increase civilian security, we need to integrate inclusivity across our work. And just in short, we can do this by integrating a new module. For example, in the case of INL, we're creating a new module in collaboration with the National Center for State Courts that will address bias and discrimination. And we will roll this out at our International Law Enforcement Academies and hopefully pilot that later this year. And in addition, we are trying to integrate and think about inclusivity throughout the life cycle of any initiative starting with assessments. And so in this case, we are thinking about which identity groups, including LGBTQI-plus persons, are being left out of the criminal justice system, or in the case of corrections, which ones are overrepresented. And so in order to help us with this, we are developing some new tools to help with this analysis and hopefully improve the way that we do business. Thank you. Thanks so much, Kathleen. Thanks for sharing that very impressive work that your Bureau is doing. Let me turn next to Jay. So, Jay, please share your thoughts on protection. Sure, great. Thank you, David. And just to start off with a happy Pride Month to everyone. And thank you to the USIP for the invitation to be on this great panel to discuss these really critical issues today. I'm really looking forward to engaging with all of you on the work that you're doing for the LGBTQI-plus community. So, again, my name is Jay Galeam. I use pronouns he and his, and I am the senior LGBTQI-plus coordinator at USAID. And to start with your question, David, I actually wanted to take a little bit of a step back and talk about the broader ways that at USAID, we are approaching how to properly include and integrate LGBTQI-plus persons into all of our work. At our agency, we use the approach to protection and inclusion of LGBTQI-plus persons through an inclusive development lens. Inclusive development is an equitable development approach built on the understanding that every individual and community of all diverse identities and experiences is really instrumental in the transformation of their own societies. Their engagement through the development process leads to better outcomes. So this means advancing the human rights of LGBTQI-plus people around the world with meaningful inclusion in USAID's development, peace building, and humanitarian assistance work. You know, as senior LGBTQI-plus coordinator, I'm working with my team, with colleagues across USAID, and our partners to accomplish this really ambitious vision in a variety of ways. This includes providing technical assistance to our colleagues on how to connect, engage, and work with local LGBTQI-plus civil society groups. This means designing standalone programs that directly address the needs of LGBTQI-plus people, often in partnership with LGBTQI-plus led organizations. This means pursuing integration of LGBTQI-plus equities across all sectors of our work, making USAID more accessible and welcoming to in-country and local LGBTQI-plus partners, supporting research to better understand the needs and challenges facing LGBTQI-plus people and accessing our assistance and finding actionable outcomes to do that. And it also means ensuring that we are a leader and model in this space. And I know that our conversation today is going to show that while there's a lot being done, there's still a lot of work to do. I also want to, you know, just note that we've been working across our agency, including with USAID's Bureau of Humanitarian Assistance, as well as with our Bureau for Conflict Prevention and Stabilization and all of our colleagues there. And as part of these efforts, we've really sought to provide guidance on specific challenges that LGBTQI-plus persons face in conflict, connect them with LGBTQI-plus stakeholders to decision makers and partners, and really work across the interagency to ensure responses are integrated and LGBTQI-plus inclusive. And I just want to highlight one example of what this work looks like in terms of LGBTQI-plus inclusive development. We have what we call our multi-donor LGBTI Global Human Rights Initiative. And this really supports local efforts to protect LGBTQI-plus persons from violence, discrimination, stigma, and criminalization. And this five-year public-private partnership leverages financial and technical resources and contributions from the Swedish International Development Cooperation from Global Affairs Canada, the Australia Lesbian Foundation for Justice, the Williams Institute, Franklin and Marshall College, and Equality Without Borders. And since 2019, this partnership has provided over 130 grants totaling nearly $2.5 million to LGBTQI-plus-led organizations in nine countries. It's resourced eight regional emergency response mechanisms to address the urgent and acute needs of LGBTQI-plus people. And it's supported global, regional, and country-level research. And I'm happy to share more about some of our work as we continue our conversation today, but I just wanted to set that framing in terms of how our approach at USA really works to include LGBTQI-plus persons across our agency's efforts. Thanks. Thanks so much, Jay. And thanks for that panoramic view of your work as senior coordinator across all sectors. And again, thanks for your leadership on integrating across all sectors. So let me turn to our NGO colleague, Nila, for how things look from the perspective of outright international. Welcome, Nila. Thank you so much, David. And I want to start by just grounding this conversation a little bit in the types of violence that LGBTIQ people are experiencing in armed conflict and where, why, and how this is happening. I know we'll have time to get into that a little bit in depth later. And I'll also speak about what outright is doing in this regard. But I want to just acknowledge that we're talking about really horrific forms of violence that impact our communities in armed conflict.  We're talking in some cases about wholesale massacres of people because they are queer or trans. And this is a reality that our communities are living with. This is a reality that our communities are living with in some of the most difficult and intractable conflicts around the world and that often has been invisible. I want to say a little bit about why and how targeting of LGBTIQ people takes place in armed conflict. I think, David, you mentioned the Women, Peace, and Security agenda. And there's been a great deal of attention, although still not enough, I would say, in kind of conflict prevention and conflict response about why and how women are targeted in armed conflict and how to include women. And I think conversations around targeting of and inclusion and protection of LGBTIQ people in armed conflict need to go hand in hand with conversations about targeting of women because gender-based violence, particularly in armed conflict, has shared roots. And this is about the violent enforcement of patriarchy, the violent enforcement of patriarchy as a form of social control. And this impacts women and queer people often in almost identical ways, although there are some differences. A lot of the conflict-related targeting of LGBTIQ people has to do with so-called social cleansing. It has to do with the enforcement of a particular narrow vision of morality in which queer people are almost inevitably excluded from what is considered acceptable. And in armed conflict, perpetrators often find that even the general civilian population who might be reacting against atrocities from the same perpetrators in other contexts might be supportive of atrocities targeting queer and trans people. And this is something that has been the case, for instance, in civil wars in Peru and Colombia in the past, where attacks on queer and trans people were used in part as a way to get buy-in from the general civilian population that a particular armed group, whether it was a government-associated paramilitary force or a rebel group, was, in theory, acting on behalf of the civilian population. And, of course, violence against queer people in armed conflict takes place in a very opportunistic way, as well. Whenever there is militarization, that means that we have things like checkpoints, which offer opportunities for the interrogation of people's gender, people's sexuality, and in countries ranging from Afghanistan to Yemen to Palestine to Honduras. We have seen ways in which militarization and checkpoints, whether in the context of armed conflict or more general kind of crisis and insecurity, has led to the targeting of queer people arrests, arbitrary arrests, detention, sexual violence at checkpoints. So these are, I just wanted to frame this with a few of the things that we're actually talking about here when we talk about peacebuilding and LGBTIQ people. And then I will just briefly mention a couple of the things that outright action international is doing to respond to these forms of violence. One thing that we're doing as a human rights organization is documenting human rights violations against LGBTIQ people in conflict settings. Recently, we've done documentation in countries like Afghanistan and Ukraine. And we're bringing our documentation to international stakeholders to try to get those violations addressed while they're occurring and before they become even more severe. We're also working actively to queer the Women, Peace and Security Agenda at the UN Security Council. The WPS agenda is rooted in Resolution 1325, which was passed by the Security Council in 2000. And this resolution has incredible historical importance in recognizing how women and girls are disproportionately impacted by violent armed conflict. And it has led to nine further resolutions at the UN on Women, Peace and Security and the creation of a sort of toolbox for addressing the gender dimensions of peace and conflict. But the original WPS resolution and the subsequent nine resolutions don't say anything about LGBTIQ people. And states have developed national action plans as part of this Women, Peace and Security Agenda, very few of those national action plans refer to LGBTIQ people. And so we're trying to work within the context of the Security Council to put LGBTIQ people on the agenda as part of the WPS agenda, not as a separate agenda, but as part and parcel of recognizing that gender-based violence affects women and affects queer people in related and in some ways different ways. We're also seeking to connect LGBTIQ people who are at risk in settings of armed conflict or in fragile states to humanitarian actors that can support them. This is something that we're working on in Afghanistan right now. Many LGBTIQ people have fled Afghanistan. The majority are still there and are stuck in situations in which they can't get out, they have very limited mobility. And it's very unclear to them which humanitarian actors might be a little bit LGBTIQ inclusive and friendly. And so part of our work involves trying to build those connections and make sure that there are humanitarian agencies on the ground that are taking into account the needs of queer people, even in very hostile circumstances. And finally, we're advocating for an inclusive understanding of gender in international and regional transitional justice mechanisms, such as the International Criminal Court. Earlier this year, we submitted a letter to the ICC on behalf of nearly 300 civil society organizations and individual activists that urged the Office of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court to understand gender in the Rome Statute in a comprehensive and holistic way.  And even in regional and national courts, there have been very few such prosecutions. Colombia broke ground last year by recognizing five LGBTIQ people as potential victims of crimes against humanity in the context of Colombia's armed conflict. But that case has not yet moved forward. And so we're supporting civil societies' efforts to seek justice that is LGBTIQ inclusive. Nila, thanks so much for sharing your work. Thank you in particular for your very powerful rendering of the anatomy of violence against gender and sexual minorities in conflict areas. And thank you for sharing the various initiatives that your organization is doing. Why don't we pivot now to the participation part of this agenda? And Nila, let me start with you as we go back down the row. As an ally and participant in the Women, Peace, and Security International movement, you're deeply involved, as you said, in querying that action agenda. And as you know so well, too often the equal halves protection and participation of the Women, Peace, and Security Agenda and the Youth, Peace, and Security Agenda are, in my view, still too much focused on the protection side and the victim side and giving short shrift to the agency side, to the leadership side, to the participation side of women of youth of the LGBTQI plus communities. So as we pivot to this topic, could you start us off on how you view the challenge of participation and what outright international is doing to promote the participation of gender and sexual minorities in peace processes or in peace building generally? Thank you. Yeah, thank you for the question, David. I think we can view participation in a couple of different ways. First of all, everything that outright does is based around the idea that LGBTIQ civil society's voices need to be centered. And so when we work at the UN, for instance, in the Women, Peace, and Security space, often what we're trying to do is bring in speakers to those spaces, to the Security Council, and to other spaces that are discussing peace and security and bring queer voices from the ground to speak from their personal experiences. And so recently we've been supporting groups in Colombia, but also for instance, queer activists from Afghanistan to gain access to some of these spaces and conversations. I think another important point around participation of queer people is that as you mentioned with the Women, Peace, and Security agenda, there's often been an excessive focus on victimhood and not on what women and girls actually bring to the table. And the same is certainly true for queer folks. What we find in some cases of conflict is that queer people have tremendous resilience that comes from having always been marginalized within their context. This is something that we're seeing in Ukraine right now, for instance, where there are severe challenges in humanitarian aid in Ukraine actually reaching people in need. And this is not necessarily due in the case of queer communities to some kind of LGBTIQ phobia in the way in which aid is being distributed. It's just because bureaucracy makes it difficult sometimes for aid to get to where it's needed. And what we've seen in Ukraine is a tremendous surge in queer civil society activism, where organizations that were doing advocacy in the past have essentially pivoted to being full-time service providers. And people have been—lesbian activists have been leading this charge, have been driving around Ukraine, getting aid to places where it's needed. Organizations in Ukraine like Insight, which is a lesbian-led organization, have also been getting aid to people who are not queer. So Insight is doing a tremendous aid distribution to women and children generally across the board. And so we see queer people at the center of these struggles as agents who are not only serving their own communities but are also serving other communities. In countries like Lebanon or Myanmar, where there has been kind of mass mobilization against coups or against corrupt governments, queer people have often been at the center of these movements ready to be out in the streets, protests, and provide support to others. And so I think that when we think about kind of queering the peace and security agenda or queering peace building, we also need to look to these examples in which queer people have been active agents in responding to atrocities on their own terms. And we need to figure out ways to support and bolster that work. Thank you, Mila. And thanks for that great work. Let me turn to Kathleen. Kathleen, I know your bureau focuses on criminal justice practitioners, really training them, as you said, in anti-bias activities, trainings, and maybe you could give us a flavor on the participation side, how you might engage civil society members, NGOs, from these important communities as you do your work on the governmental side. Thank you. Thanks, David. And a great point I neglected to say earlier that the Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs, for which I work, or INL, is the acronym we use, supports efforts in over 90 partner countries to build strong civil, strong criminal justice institutions that are needed to foster peace and inclusive security for their citizens. So security and justice sector efforts are more effective, of course, when they include and address the unique needs of different segments of society. And if access to justice is seen to be limited to only some groups, it will threaten the legitimacy of the security and justice institutions. Criminal justice systems that are more inclusive are more responsive to the communities that they serve. So as I mentioned earlier, it's essential that security and justice sectors respond, for example, to violence that targets people for characteristics that are fundamental to their identity, such as race and ethnicity, religion, disability, gender, gender identity, sexual orientation, or characteristics at the intersection of multiple characteristics. And as I said before, this is often referred to as bias-motivated violence or hate crimes, which is intended to hurt the victims and the other members to intimidate other members of marginalized groups and affect the broader communities. So one of the things that we have seen within INL is that we do quite a bit of training, peer-to-peer training through our international law enforcement academies. And one approach that we've used to, in the courses, for example, our countering bias-motivated violence course is a session that allows criminal justice practitioners to have an exchange with LGBTQI plus advocates in the classroom. And that conversation would be facilitated by the instructors, which in many cases are U.S. law enforcement personnel. So we've received a lot of very positive feedback on this approach from practitioners as well as advocates, and it provides a safe space to engage one another. And I guess it's also, I think, important to mention that as Neela outlined, the discrimination and violence against LGBTQI plus persons is often exacerbated during times of conflict or in conflict-affected environments, many of which are the types of environment in which we work. And this is, of course, for a variety of reasons, including weakened criminal justice institutions. And so if we are thinking about what type of intervention to undertake in such an environment, the best way for us to understand that is through the experiences of LGBTQI plus persons. And so we do this through direct consultations with LGBTQI plus community members and organizations. So for example, in one INL program that was designed to increase accountability for perpetrators of sexual and gender-based violence, including conflict-related sexual violence, we involved an LGBTQI plus organization as a participant in the stakeholder consultations. And that group helped to guide the project. And this approach helped INL to ensure that the unique experiences of LGBTQI plus persons would be addressed within the project's implementation. So in sum, we recognize that it's very important to consult with LGBTQI plus persons in civil society organizations to ensure that the policy and programming interventions that we undertake do no harm and adequately address safety and security, confidentiality, and privacy. Thank you. Thank you, Kathleen. Thank you for your bureau's very inclusive approach to your important training programs across the world. Now let me turn to Jay. Jay, in your opening remarks, underline the importance of participation. And so please share your further thoughts on the topic. Sure, yeah. Thanks for that. And also just wanted to echo what Nila said in terms of our human rights groups that are working on LGBTQI plus issues, often having to transfer overnight the work that they're doing to be able to provide assistance, whether that is in humanitarian space and conflict and peace building, and being able to acknowledge and recognize that work that they're doing, that they are bearing not only the brunt of acute conflicts, but also having to like fundamentally reshape their organizations from the ground up and provide support in new ways that they weren't really prepared for. So just wanted to echo what Nila said. I heard that from groups from Ukraine and from around the world in different really challenging conflicts and situations there. In terms of participation, I'll highlight a couple of programs and projects from USAID in terms of how we try to really get LGBT pride plus inclusion and participation. One is from our Center for Conflict and Violence Prevention. They are actually currently updating their conflict assessment framework, which includes key violence prevention dynamics. And this update is explicitly emphasizing an inclusive approach that really helps to address patterns of vulnerability to violence and protection factors for groups that are facing increased risk of violence, including LGBT pride plus persons. And in a recent pilot of this framework, key issues for LGBT plus persons in the community were incorporated into the broader analysis. And some of these issues were along the lines of protection for trans communities, lack of access to safe houses, legal barriers, issues of sexual violence, all were included in these analysis. And by really ensuring an inclusive approach is mainstreamed into these frameworks, USAID can better ensure that LGBT pride plus issues receive adequate attention, not only attention, but programming and resources and the development and peace billing assistance that we offer. USAID also is in partnership with LGBT pride plus organizations to support a variety of legal assistance and quote, know your rights initiatives. And these really help survivors of violence navigate challenging legal environments for redress. And this work includes sensitizing and linking our gender-based violence programs and implementing partners with knowledge on LGBT pride plus and topics around sexual orientation, gender identity and expression and sex characteristics. And in other contexts, USAID is supporting social and behavior change interventions that really work to address the root causes of anti LGBT pride plus violence, including robust stakeholder engagement and capacity building with LGBT pride plus groups. Thanks so much, Jay. I'm looking at the clock and I'm eager to get to audience member questions.  So we're now entering the USIP Pride event lightning round. And I'm going to put you each on the spot and ask you to give a particular scorecard on President Biden's historic memorandum of February 2021. And you've said a lot of great things about your agency's organization. So my question to you is what's one thing that you can do better on your Biden LGBTQI plus human rights agenda. And so Kathleen, if you were briefing Secretary Blinken or Jay, if you're briefing the Ministry of Power, or I'm going to up the stakes for Neela if you're invited to the UN General Assembly this September and you're advising the heads of state and Secretary General Guterres, one thing they can all do better, bilats and multilats on this important agenda. What should they be doing? So let me start with Jay. I'm Administrator Power for the moment. Great. It's really hard to narrow them down to one. So I'm going to do a couple really quickly. Obviously, the presidential report was really historic and that we got so many agencies across the federal government to really report on and talk about the ways that they're supporting global LGBTQI plus human rights and really advancing those issues. If I had to share with Administrator Power work that still needs to be done and challenges in this space, it's one that we continue to increase resources and budget for global LGBTQI plus issues and inclusive development. Number two, we also really need to just continue to think more strategically and how to swiftly respond to shocks and stressors that are impacting the global LGBTQI plus community. And this goes from the anti-rights and anti-gender restrictive movements, humanitarian crises, obviously peace building and conflict settings, COVID climate change. So it runs the gamut there. And then lastly, I would just say we need to continue to recognize and make visible the LGBTQI plus community and the work that they're doing and be able to really strengthen and build the capacity so that we are building a movement of folks that are able to bring about change from the ground up. Great. Thanks, Jay. So Kathleen, now I'm Secretary Blinken. So tell it like it is, Kathleen. What are we doing not well enough here? Thank you. Well, so as a little bit of background for Inel's role since the release of the presidential memorandum, we have been convening. Actually, one of our deputy assistant secretaries has been convening a new interagency LGBTQI plus violence reduction and civilian security assistance working group on a monthly basis. And the working group also meets quarterly with colleagues from civil society. We were invited by the National Security Council to lead this working group with the participation of the Department of Defense, the Department of Justice, USAID, and other State Department bureaus to identify violence trends targeting LGBTQI plus communities and to identify ways to reduce levels of violence against them. And I guess, you know, in terms of the challenges, I think as I mentioned briefly earlier, it's really important to make changes in the way that we do work to help us integrate the rights of LGBTQI plus persons and members of other marginalized groups throughout project life cycles, including through trainings and assessments and project design, very similar to the type of work that Jay referenced in terms of USAID's inclusive development work. But this will help us to support our host country counterparts in offering inclusive security and justice for all. I also mentioned our capacity building work, but it's also important, of course, to note that capacity building only works if the will exists to use that capacity. So I think we need to think about ways that we can leverage the will that we do find in our host country counterparts. And then just, I think, you know, it's an ongoing struggle for us to find data about the extent to which LGBTQI plus persons have access to security and justice. And so we, I think, are seeking to better understand and move toward implementing best practices in data collection, which of course evolve over time. And hopefully working with our partners to strengthen data collection practices is another concrete way that we can improve the ability of justice systems to understand and respond to bias. Thank you, Kathleen, for that very compelling action list. So, Neela, you're on the rostrum in the General Assembly in September and you're introducing a proposal, civil society proposal for a LGBTQI plus peace and security agenda. What would you brought the delegates about? Yes, I actually would like the delegates to think about specifically what they are doing to prevent atrocities against LGBTIQ people in fragile states and other countries that are in or at risk of armed conflict. I want to challenge states to recognize that no country should be considered too hard to take on in terms of LGBTIQ violence. This, I think, has been a mindset that has prevented us from getting to where we need to be in places like Afghanistan. Under Karzai, there was a government that was receptive to the international community and to donors, and yet almost nobody did anything on LGBTIQ rights because it was considered to be too hard. And we look at the consequences of that now when we see queer people being attacked by the Taliban in Afghanistan and being arbitrarily detained and in some cases potentially executed.  I recognize these countries are hard. We as a civil society organization don't know LGBTIQ civil society organizations in all of these countries, but we have a staff of 32 people. And so, governments need to go a little bit further. And I'm talking about countries like Yemen, Ethiopia, Sudan, Northern Nigeria, Somalia, Iraq, Syria, Central African Republic, Chad, Mali. These are places where our communities are at risk. We don't want one of these countries to be the next Afghanistan in terms of queer people being so heavily targeted that they define themselves suddenly facing zero rights and the potential of mass violence. So, let's put those countries on the agenda in terms of women, peace and security, and in terms of gender, peace and security more broadly, and look at the needs of LGBTIQ people. Thank you, Neela. Very powerful. Let me start with you with an audience question, and I'll interpret it thusly. Should there be an international resolution UN international convention or UN resolution on the rights of LGBTIQI plus in general and regarding peace building? So, it's a bit of my same question about a new agenda. Would an international convention or UN resolutions help? At the moment, if any country or group tried to propose a UN convention on violence against LGBTIQ people or violence based on sexual orientation or gender identity, it wouldn't pass. And, you know, it wouldn't be a large number of states wouldn't support it. It would have very limited support, and it would likely be something that would expend a lot of political capital without getting very far. And so, we at outright make the argument that while perhaps at some point in the future that might be an important goal in order to further put LGBTIQ people's rights on the international agenda, right now LGBTIQ people's rights are catered for by the existing body of international law. So, if you look at the Convention Against Torture, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, SIDA, Children's Rights, et cetera, all of these conventions apply to LGBTIQ people, and the Yogyakarta principles and the Yogyakarta principles plus 10 are sort of efforts to codify what international law already says about LGBTIQ people. So, I wouldn't say that a new convention is necessarily the answer, but I do think there's plenty of space in UN spaces for things like general comments from treaty bodies for sets of guidelines that further institutionalize the rights of LGBTIQ people, including in armed conflict. Thank you, Nila. I'm going to ask this next question from the audience to all three of you. Jay and Kathleen, before their government service, have spent time in the private sector or the NGO sector. Nila has been around the block in the NGO sector, but knows governments well. So, the question is, I'll paraphrase, for people starting out in this field, but without expertise or experience, where should I start? What steps could I take to get into this important work? Let me start with Jay Kathleen and back to Nila. Sure, yeah. Paul, one, thank you. I'm glad you're interested in this space. I think there is obviously a lot happening as we discussed today. There are lots of groups or organizations to follow, as well as the work that we're doing in the government. And so, I would say, just stay abreast of what we're doing. The Presidential Memorandum Report is obviously a really great place to start, to have a really great understanding of what we're doing in the federal government to promote global human rights for LGBTIQ-plus persons. There are a number of NGOs, including outright where Nila is from, to follow and have issued lots of reports. There is the UN Independent Expert on Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity that you could follow, and he has also issued lots of reports, and I believe he has one coming up on peacebuilding and conflict settings and how to meaningfully include LGBTIQ-plus persons in that. And there are a number of other global organizations and membership organizations, like ILGA, which is a global and regional-based organization that works on behalf of LGBTQI-plus led organizations and civil society groups and stuff. So really, just start to get engaged, start to network with those folks that are working in this space, and really start to understand the issues that we are all grappling with, which as you've heard, run the gamut from not only peacebuilding and conflict and addressing the needs and challenges of LGBTIQ-plus persons there, but also and humanitarian assistance and human rights and combating violence and discrimination and stigmatization and criminalization of LGBTIQ-plus persons. So I would tell the person to start there. Thanks, Jay. Kathleen. Thanks, David. This is really a great question. I really appreciated Jay's response. I thought that was very thorough, and so I'm not sure I have too much to add. A few thoughts that came to my mind include the idea that thinking about our own community, that's something that I have done throughout my career, is even if I am working in the international sphere, I try to think about how these types of issues are being addressed in my own community, and so trying to stay involved with local organizations as well as international organizations. I think that, again, just drawing on my own experience, my background has included so many different steps that I think have sort of led me to my current work, including studying discrimination and discrimination laws, laws that protect against discrimination, to working in a shelter for victims of domestic violence, and then also to working at the policy level on the Hill. So I don't think there is any one particular pathway, but I was delighted for the question, and I'm sure that somebody who is mission driven will find their way. Thanks. Thank you, Kathleen. Nila, please. Yeah, thank you. I think I'm not sure whether the person who asked the question is from the U.S. or from somewhere else, given that this is an internationally accessible webinar, but I just want to urge them to do whatever they can to hold their government accountable. I know that in the U.S., for instance, I believe that the Women, Peace and Security Strategy is soon to be updated. I fully trust with this government and these allies that we have right now in government that it will be inclusive of LGBTIQ people, but we need to keep our government on their toes and remind them that there is a significant constituency here that wants to ensure that we have the right protections in place. And governments around the world also have national action plans on Women, Peace and Security. So if you're in another state, please look at what your national action plan looks like and call on your government to ensure that it includes LGBTIQ people. And I also, not knowing much about the person who asked the question, want to suggest that each of us within whatever sectors in which we're active can work to build alliances between groups that critically need to come together for to make progress on these issues. There are a lot of silos between LGBTIQ groups, women's and feminist groups, groups that work on peace building, groups that work on human rights. Throughout most of the world, these groups aren't working in coalition. And so I think from wherever you sit, whichever of these kinds of civil society structures you have connection to, urge them to integrate their work with others so that we can have queer, feminist, human rights oriented peace building and pursuit of justice. Thank you, Neela. You sideswiped my last question, which was going to be for you also, which comes from a participant who really asks about how gender and sexual minority rights can be situated within the broader field activity of democracy building and human rights protection. And I think just everything you've said during the last hour has spoken to that. So given we're now at the top of the new hour, I'm going to bring our exciting discussion to a close. Let me thank all of the audience for joining us today. Let me thank the organizers of this important event. And most of all, let me thank my three panelists for both sharing their thoughts and equally for the leadership they're providing on this very, very important part and frontier of peace building and conflict resolution. So thanks to all of you. Thanks for joining us at USIP and have a good day. Happy Pride Month to everybody. Bye-bye.


Professor, Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Walton Institute of Technology, Solapur. Today, we will discuss time period measurement using IC-74C926. Learning outcome, at the end of this session, students will be able to describe time measurement scheme using IC-74C926. Contents. We will first study the block diagram of time measurement scheme. Then we will take one example on time period measurement scheme. And finally, we will see what is the resolution in a measurement. Here, we start with the block diagram of time period measurement scheme. As usual, we have this 74C926, which is a counter plus display driver circuitry. This consists of four decade counters. So we require four seven segment displays, which are displayed using multiplexing technique. Here, this counter counts the clock pulses. Counter data is latched at the end of the counting period. And the counter is reset by using this reset input to make this counter ready for the next measuring cycle. And this display select pin is connected to ground so that this latched data into this 74C926 will be displayed on this display system. So the measurement, time period measurement is done by using this block diagram. Here, we require a crystal, say, of 1 megahertz. Then we require some frequency divider network. And then this signal is given to the end gate input. Unknown low frequency signal is applied here. It is passed through this input interface circuit, which is used for signal conditioning of the input signal. It is then passed to the flip-flop so that the whole time period, this output of the flip-flop will be on for whole time period of the unknown low frequency so that whatever the clock pulses given by this crystal oscillator are counted for the whole time period of the unknown frequency signal. The same signal is given to the control signal to generate the latch enable input to this 74C926 at the end of the counting. And after the data is latched, we should make this 74C926 ready for the next measurement cycle by generating this reset signal. So these two signals are generated by this control signal generating block. Time period measurement can be better understood by using, see, the example. Consider a low frequency whose time period is to be measured as 50 hertz. From this, we can find out the time period t is equal to 1 by 50, which is 20 millisecond. So time period of this input signal frequency is 20 millisecond. So this we should get on the display device. Using IC74C926, we can display this value maximum because this IC74C926 consists four-decade counters. So four-digit display with this number will be 2,000 for above example, that is this 50 hertz signal. That is the count value maximum is 2,000. So count value, how this count value is obtained? That is this oscillator frequency signal is counted for 20 milliseconds. That means how many clock pulses of this oscillator frequency should consist in 20 milliseconds to get the count is equal to 2,000. So since here it is a 2,000, so put the value. By putting the value, the t oscillator we found as 20 millisecond divided by 2,000. That is 0.01 millisecond. Therefore, the f oscillator frequency given for counting is 100 kilohertz. If you look at the previous diagram, here what is required is here we require 100 kilohertz. But we have 1 megahertz. So this frequency divider network must be of value 10 so that we get from 1 megahertz the 100 kilohertz. And for this 50 hertz signal we get the maximum count is equal to 2,000. That means 2,000 we can say count is there. Now we can adjust the decimal point. That means we can activate this. They get 20.00 means it is a 20 millisecond. Unit of measurement will be millisecond. So this will vary. This count will vary if the input frequency varies. So this way we get a time period measurement scheme. Then we resolution in frequency measurement. So first resolution is a measure of the number of digits in the reading of the frequency. So in frequency measurement resolution is determined by the gate time. In previous video we saw that this gate time we can adjust for changing the resolution. So for example, if gate time is 1 second then resolution will be 1 hertz. That means resolution will be here less. 1 hertz means error in measurement will be plus or minus 1 hertz. If you want resolution to be good then you can increase the gate time to 10 fold. That is 10 second. Then resolution will be improved and it will be 0.1 hertz. So now here resolution is so error in the measurement will be just 0.1 hertz. But here error in the measurement is 1 hertz. So to decrease the error in measurement or to increase the resolution what we have to do is we have to increase the gate time. That's why in frequency measurement resolution is determined by the gate time. This is the time for which the counter is counting the number of pulses. We know already this one. Now let us see resolution in time period measurement. The resolution of the time period measurement is better than frequency measurement. Since in a frequency measurement the count will be out by plus or minus 1 hertz. As we saw already here this resolution will be gate time is 1 second. Resolution will be 1 hertz. So in frequency measurement the resolution will be plus or minus 1 hertz for gate time is equal to 1 second. Whereas in time counting it will be out by plus or minus 1 oscillator clock frequency which is higher value. That's why the resolution using time period measurement will be better than the frequency measurement. Let us derive a formula which decides when to go for time period measurement. Consider a f oscillator frequency of 1 megahertz as usual. fx is an unknown frequency. ft is a time-based frequency generally which is 1 hertz. And n is a count value which is displayed on the display device. Now in frequency measurement n that is count value how it is found that is unknown frequency fx divided by time-based frequency ft. But always ft is 1 that's why n is equal to fx. This is equation number 1. And in period measurement n is equal to f oscillator frequency divided by fx. So here in time period measurement what is counted is oscillator frequency signal is counted for a time period of unknown frequency signal. So this is equation number 2. We can equate equation 1 and 2. So we get fx is equal to f oscillator divided by fx. So fx is equal to under root f oscillator. Since f oscillator we have chosen as 1 megahertz. So we get 1 kilohertz. That means if unknown frequency fx is 1 kilohertz or less than 1 kilohertz it is better to go for time period measurement instead of frequency measurement. And if the input frequency fx is greater than 1 kilohertz it is better to go for frequency measurement. Let us have a question. Which method of measurement gives better resolution? Whether frequency measurement or time period measurement. You pause the video and answer the question. The answer will be as discussed earlier it depends upon the input signal frequency. If the input signal frequency is less than square root of oscillator frequency then it is better to go for time period measurement. And if the input frequency is greater than square root of oscillator frequency it is better to go for frequency measurement. References. Electronic system designed by Bhavti Tarate Electric Tech Publications Satara. Thank you.


My name is Andrea with Foodimentary Adventures in Food.  On our channel, you'll find simple and tasty dinners using everyday ingredients. So for dinner tonight, we are having this frozen pizza that I picked up from Aldi a while back ago. It is a two-pizza value pack. It's been in my freezer for a few months now. I picked it up because I heard it was really good and these are really hard to find in my store. So in the box, you get a pepperoni pizza and a cheese pizza. And if you follow our channel for a while, you know that Howard and I really like frozen pizzas. We really like the Motor City frozen pizza. And this reminds me of that pizza. So let me show you. It comes in the little tray just like Motor City Pizza Company does. And then once it's done, you just take it out, put it on a cookie sheet. And that's what I have done here. I tasted a little bit of it and it's very similar to Motor City Pizza. It may not be exactly the same, but it's pretty tasty. So we're eating the cheese pizza now and then there is a pepperoni pizza. It comes with a pepperoni pizza as well. I put that back in the freezer. Let me show you the bottom of the crust here. So here's the side. And then here's the bottom of the crust. Like I said, it's pretty good. This two pack of pizzas was $9.99. If you buy Motor City Pizza, you know theirs is about 750 for one pizza. It's really good. Of course we could have added on additional toppings, but we didn't, but I would definitely buy this again. They only come into all the seasonally. So if you like Motor City Pizza Company, definitely give these a try when you get a chance. All right, so this is what we are having for dinner tonight and we will see y'all next time. So for dinner tonight, I made roasted chicken and I did make this a few weeks ago. So I'll make sure to link the video in the description box so you can get my recipe for baked chicken or roasted chicken. And with it, I made some rice orzo pilaf from Trader Joe's and then I just sauteed up some fresh Brussels sprouts with pancetta. So here is the rice mix that I used from Trader Joe's. We like it a lot. It has a great flavor. And then here are the Brussels sprouts. The Brussels sprouts are from Aldi. The bag is actually a microwaveable bag, but I sauteed mine in olive oil and some pancetta. And then I just used this steak seasoning with it or buttery steakhouse seasoning with it, I should say. So anyway, this is what we are having for dinner tonight and we will see y'all next time. Hey guys, so I am trying out a new recipe for dinner tonight. It is cheesy bacon barbecue chicken. I'll leave the recipe in the description box. So I seasoned two chicken breasts that I split in half with that barbecue seasoning. And then I just browned it in the skillet. And next I am adding in some barbecue sauce. This is one of our favorites. We really like this stuff a lot. And so you're just gonna put barbecue sauce on all of the chicken. And then I'm just gonna spread it in. Next I'm going to take some Colby Jack cheese and just spread it on top of the chicken.  And then I'm just gonna pop this in the oven. I think the recipe said for about 20 minutes or so or until it's nice and brown and bubbly. And I did add way more cheese than the recipe calls for because we do like cheese. So here's our dinner. Here is the chicken. And then with it, I just made some mashed potatoes. These are not homemade mashed potatoes. I am using this. I normally don't care for instant mashed potatoes, but I don't always feel like cooking them. So these were a new buy for me a while back ago. I tasted them, they don't, I mean, they taste like cheese, they're savory, but I wouldn't be able to identify cheddar. But they're still pretty good. And then I'm also serving some canned green beans. So this is what we are having for dinner tonight and we will see y'all next time. So we are doing quick and easy for dinner tonight. I made these take and bake cheesy breadsticks from Aldi. I have not bought these things in a really long time. And so I'm excited to give them a try again. And with it, I am just serving some tomato bisque that is also from Aldi. I got this a while back ago, probably a month or so ago. And it's a tomato bisque, I'm sorry, tomato Parmesan bisque. And I tried it, it is not my cup of tea. It is very sweet. I didn't realize how much sugar it had in it. So the third ingredient is sugar. So if you like a sweet tomato bisque, you'll definitely like this. Howard does like it. For me, it's just a little bit too sweet. I probably would not buy it again, but we are just going to dunk our cheesy breads in the tomato soup, kind of like if it were a real cheese sandwich. So this is what we are having for dinner tonight and we will see y'all next time. So for dinner tonight, I am making a quick stir-fry based on some ingredients that I have on hand. So I am going to use these yaki-soba noodles. You get three packages of cooked noodles and then you get the seasoning packages that come with the noodles. So I'm going to use that. I'm going to use this chicken and I'm also going to use some green onions, the entire bag of coleslaw. Then I'm going to make a side of a stir-fried broccoli and I'll show you how everything turns out. Okay, so here is dinner and I really like it a lot. It has a wonderful flavor. I did not have to add any additional seasoning. I just used the packages that came with the noodles and that was enough to season the rest of the vegetables and the meat. Then here is the broccoli. I did add some sesame oil to the noodles to give it a little bit more flavor. But anyway, this is what we are having for dinner tonight and we will see y'all next time.


YouTube what's up man today's video we're going over Q&A's on the anonymous version the internet's already weird and y'all with the anime Abbie's you're asking weird questions now there's some app that's anonymous follow me solid Mike on Instagram thirsty barbell on Instagram Sebastian Brambigia underscore on Instagram. We're gonna dive in squat day and a full pull workout We're getting veiny man. We're getting vascular 201 today I did a little Consult with coach JPG coaching and we're getting shredded nasty sick dick-skinned lean All right first question preparing to lift 315 on the bench. Well only weigh in 150. That's a big old bench Only 20 pounds away. How do you mentally prepare for a heavy lift? you know, I think that's why powerlifting is so simple in Theory but so complex and difficult in practice is it's about just doing the same things over and over and over again So if you're benching 295 right now or whatever, I'm benching 135 I'm taking the barbell all the way up to 295 and I'm doing it exactly not only pressing as hard But my setup my execution is exactly like What it'll be when I try 315 when I try 365 when I try 405 Obviously things can get in your head and you're scared of the three plates And you're like man, I've never touched this am I gonna miss today. I'm gonna make it There's a little bit of fear involved, but that's why the practice the Superstition or the tradition or the routine of lifting has to be the exact same when I walk out this 135 squat I'm executing and doing every step every breath the exact same as when I'm gonna squat 600 Beyond that obviously some loud music You think some angry thoughts all those people do some of that some people be bashing their head on the wall sniffing ammonia Yeah, you gotta talk. Yeah, you turn on angry Metallica or whatever But honestly, I think concentration is more important than getting hyped up getting a little bit hyped up can help And beyond that it's just practice man practice practice practice practice and you may miss it Practice when I missed a 405 Or when I bench 405 like two or three times and I missed it twice going up into it It's just kind of part of the game if you're taking new balance and going to new new spaces things may go wrong technically You may not just be strong enough, but Sacrificing for the unknowns the same we say so you want to put in a certain amount of work You want to follow your program you want to get your sleep you want to get your nutrition for six weeks to bench that 315 Whether that 315 comes or not either way you have to set yourself up for the best chance for success I guess we'll call this like that get to know Mike episode because a lot of these which is cool I love it and that's why we podcast that's why I mean if you guys been rocking with me I just talked to a homeboy Like she said he followed me subscribed to me for like I guess almost 10 years. He said 2015 says crazy So a lot of you might know some of this stuff, but I guess I get to know me episode If you were to move from California, where would you go? We could dive into like politics or nothing crazy So I was born in Portland, Oregon We moved around a bunch for my dad's work, and then we just settled in Sacramento My mom's not from this country. So I don't have a lot of family And my mom's here in Sacramento. So Obviously, we have the business 3sb. I own a home here and a lot of those things are what keep me in sack And truly I do love our city. It's a small city really good food good vibes good people Whether it gets a little hot, but it's not that crazy Where I live and where the gym is yeah, I ride my bike everywhere. Like I really do like the vibes. It's pretty But truth is I'm kind of antisocial I wouldn't say I'm like socially awkward, but I just don't love doing a lot of things that people my age are doing So I can kind of live anywhere. I get a good internet. I like my house. It's stable Yeah, I wouldn't mind I visited most places in America and there's not a lot of places I'd be like no, I'm never gonna live there there is I Didn't get I was like recruited out of high school for basketball But not like highly recruited but currently now that I'm 33 There's a big recruitment for me to go to Las Vegas There's a big recruitment and There's a there's a scout. There's a scout that's been hitting me up nearly weekly two of them really there's a couple scout It's a pairing that I've been that yeah, that have been recruiting me to go to Vegas So I'll never say never at this time We I got a lot of energy and focus here at the gym and growing the not only the community here Which is amazing seabass a big part of it Eddie helping me grow this in person And once we kind of get that maybe more stable. I'll look into it housing out here is crazy And there's a lot of factors that make you know make me one lucky and blessed that I bought my house when I did but potential to move potential Just never say never but again it man if I got good internet good food and I got some homies around me Yeah, I can live anywhere Hey All right, dude, we can't like answer them all because there's so much going on But there's like like five like dating questions in a row Why do they think I know how to date nobody? On what give me something.  I don't know who that is Oh, it's not I'll smash a vampire Dude, he's always a vampire. He's never gonna be a Batman.  Maybe you should go to a physical therapist or something. I don't know But a lot of times what happens follow me friends. I feel like mr. Rogers come on inside If you start benching and a lot of the weight is held up here in these knuckles You're gonna get a lot of flexion here and that's probably gonna add pressure and a little bit of pain When I'm trying to bench. I'm really trying to get it on this bone right here This bone is obviously this forearm bone and same thing when we're squatting or deadlifting We're trying to stack our joints You're gonna be stronger when you're stacked up and so often the tip I'll give people is you kind of fake a suicide grip here with no thumb You'll get that meat right here And you'll feel these bones and then wrap your thumb after but that bar should be sitting vertically right here If it gets again in the back of the wrist, I know you're gonna say well My favorite lifter so and so has it up here. That's fine, but he's not the one complaint about wrist pain So if we're gonna fix the wrist pain, the other opportunity is to use wrist wraps and I can steal the boys in a second I'll show you how to wrap a wrist properly So a lot of times people actually end up wrapping their forearm down here and that's not gonna help or give any support at all It's the same with like your belt You're gonna try to wrap it almost halfway up your hand and you want to cover the joint 50% on both sides 50 here 50 here, and that's gonna stabilize this joint from wiggling around Big stacks my pockets on creatine Little Wayne That's really good So that was in like 2008 and people still to this day don't even know creatine or what it is a little Wayne's wrapping about creatine 2008 so so many questions. I want to educate you on some fitness things, but all I swear I just read almost 50% of the questions to the boys and they're all like personal so personal vlog it is plans for a family or No, now, I don't know what you guys believe in my boys or the fam here One true love or fate or whatever. I don't really care what you believe in because I think that a Partner or even friendship or one of the few things you can't like work towards In a friendship and in a partnership you need to work, but that's not what I'm saying So if you have a goal to bench 315 we can build a plan put in the effort and execute I don't think friendship Good friendship real deep depth to a friendship or a partnership. I don't think effort Will ever equate to more success in that spot? I think you can put yourself in more advantageous positions, right? If you meet more people you'll be able to filter and so Like my point is that if I planned a family If I just go get married tomorrow just because I want kids because I have this goal Yeah, but chances are I'm gonna settle Or or not be happy or not in my opinion find the right partnership and no offense But I think a lot of people do that in this world. They feel lonely. They can't be alone with themselves Society or your family or your own personal pressure to build a career and have kids is Overpowering to your happiness or finding the right person and say we like businesses like people have asked me to open A gym since I closed my last one in 2010 and I didn't want to open a gym to the situations, right? In this situation because of the nostalgia because this is where I started the podcast in 2011 it all fit So I did it people asked me to sell merch in 2014 I didn't sell my own merch until I had the creative juices the time and energy I wanted to actually create the highest quality products I can and a partnership is the same for me, so I've always said I don't plan on having kids or getting married or I don't I've always said I don't have a future that I see with that, but if the right person comes I'm open man. I'm about to be I'm about to be 34 in a couple days.  Yeah. No for sure. I'm just I'm just about to peak.  Oh Yeah, at 16. Yeah, I was hot. I was hot. So we're expecting 38 I'm gonna come around the lol of being ugly for the last 20 years, but uh I'm a pretty, you know, we're gonna get pretty we're getting jacked. Yeah, so no plans. I'm not against kids I'm not for kids. I'm not gonna force a marriage, but if the partner shows up in the vibe is right We've added right off to the sunset on my chariot Thanks for watching brand new videos every Tuesday Thursday is fun little anonymous Q&A If you guys want to get involved with more Q&As follow me on Instagram something like 2k is 3sb.co shorts are available Couple new tees just a basic foundation drop. So not a full collection Just a repeating drop of our main branding so you guys can rep the good company rep the


Welcome back. Let us look at what is the entropy change of a reservoir when there is a heat interaction with the reservoir. This will be needed when we solve some exercises because if reservoir is one of the systems involved we will have to evaluate data s of the reservoir and maybe integrate dq by t of the reservoir. To determine the change in entropy of a reservoir let us go back to our Carnot engine. The Carnot engine is a reversible 2T heat engine. So, going back to our sketch let us say this is our reservoir 1, its temperature is T1. We also have a reservoir 2, temperature of which is T2 and in between we have a reversible engine which absorbs heat q1 from reservoir 1, rejects heat q2 to reservoir 2 and produces work W. Notice that this is a reversible engine, a Carnot engine and hence for every cycle the delta s of this reversible engine per cycle will be 0. But let us evaluate this and we will notice that this is 0 but it should also be equal to, now notice that this q1 is absorbed when the temperature of the system that is the reversible engine is T1. So, this will be the heat absorbed is plus q1, temperature at which that is absorbed is T1 plus there is a change in entropy when heat is rejected at T2. So, here the heat absorbed by our reversible engine is minus q2 divided by the temperature is T2 and we know from our analysis and our definition of the thermodynamic temperature scale that the expression here on the right hand side is indeed 0. Now let us look at it from the point of view of the reservoir. Even this heat transfer, the process of this transfer of heat q1 from the reservoir to our reversible engine is a reversible process. So, it takes place at essentially 0 temperature difference. So, the temperature here is also T1 and hence if we use our definition of change in entropy ds is dq by T, here T is unchanged. So, we can write delta s is q absorbed by T by the reservoir. So, hence for the reservoir 1 we can write delta s reservoir 1 is heat absorbed by reservoir 1 that would be minus q1 divided by T1 and in a similar fashion this heat transfer is also reversible. So, takes place at 0 temperature difference essentially. So, the temperature here is T2 heat absorbed is q2. So, for this reservoir delta s reservoir 2 will be heat absorbed by that reservoir which is plus q2 divided by. Generalizing this we should note this general case that delta s of a TER or a thermal energy reservoir will be useful to define it as the heat absorbed by the thermal energy reservoir divided by temperature of the thermal energy reservoir. This is something to be noted and it will be useful during problem solving sessions. Thank you.


You too. What's up, man? It's getting there to the end of the man season We probably only have about two months maybe three months left of Madden 19 And I know a lot of you guys are drained out a lot of you guys are tapped out of the madden energy But me myself, I love it. This is sometimes this is a tough time of year This is we're on the verge of the June goons the people that have been watching man on your planet all year They know what to do what plays the run with defense to run. What's the best meta? Everybody knows how to play now. If you don't know how to play you hit the link below a man turf get my e-book skimbo e-book My defense any type of defense you want on there Man turf is great because it gives you formations instead of paying for e-book Man, if you want to learn how to run trips tight now, you want to learn how to run bunch It's like only five dollars or eight dollars per Formation or something like that. So it's different than any other site So if you guys need help man, check that out Want to watch me play these games live man twitch.tv slash dub that is below Please follow me on social media as well. I will be updating this CFM team as it goes This was a CFM. I joined I put a tweet out probably we could go about who runs a good CFM man with the with the Season dying down mud is getting everybody's 99 overall. There's no more draft champions I said man, let's play a CFM. Let's to keep a little bit more energy into the league This is a money CFM And the way it goes it's actually updated rosters to with the draft picks So Kyler Murray is on the Cardinals and so on and so forth that type of thing You know Kyler Murray has 93 speed and so on and so forth So the leaders of these are you know the commissioners of these leagues They put each team in tears like the Cardinals will be in tier one Along with the chiefs and the best teams will be tier one and if you want one of those teams I think there's like four teams in the top tier and you could bid on those they would start at $35 But say you wanted them and you bit 35, but I want them a little more I'll bid 40 and you come back with 45. I can come back with 50 so on and so forth until somebody taps out You know, that was not my mall. I did not go for one of the best teams So I think there was four best teams will ever won those auctions Got those teams and no other 27 people. I believe when a random order to draft the teams Now, let me show you the orders and where the teams went. I'm I really not sure the exact thing the chiefs The chiefs, I know the Cardinals were one of the top teams The chiefs Cardinals do I want to say the Ravens? because of Lamar Jackson I Think we're top teams, but I'll show you the list. I actually got picked number 24, which is pretty sorry And I'll show you guys how it went. This is on a Facebook group right here. It's called the windy city gauntlet That's the CFM my men right now And this is how I lent this is the selection order how I went Eagles went first in the selection now there's there's 26 teams. So I guess five or six teams were Auctioned off so we're getting notifications now people want to just buy people and stuff Or trade but the Eagles went first Baltimore. That was not a bit of team That was the second pick so on and so forth. I got all the way down to me I really wanted Cincinnati because of John Ross. I was thinking about Buffalo too They have Edmonds that crazy linebacker. They have Josh Allen rookie quarterback with a real strong armies mobile So for me I got to 24 and the team I took was the Rams You know there I am right there Christmas on I took the Rams at 24 Now you say the Rams are a tier one team He has a mark here tier one that means if you're tea if you're tier one It's gonna cost you $30 to play in this league now this guy Tracy banks had the Lions They were tier four and only cost him ten dollars because there's such a shitty team and you see right here Decroft Daniel mycroft he Got the Saints and their tier two so they might be $20 so on and so forth, but I got the Rams Which isn't terrible? I would say they went to the Super Bowl you say why are they you know Why did they last this far in the draft? Why are they only level 24? Or why did they last 24? Why didn't people pick the Rams because one the quarterback's kind of eh To what we want to go with is they really just have girly on offense. They have Brandon cooks Yes, but the other guys are really slow to other wire receivers The defense although they have Aaron Donald. They really don't have I want to say they don't have really good DB Especially no speed on defense really just a lack of speed and if you guys play CFM I know there's a couple guys that you know love CFM. It's a big part of mad Speed is the hardest thing to upgrade So if you got a guy that starts with speed you can pretty much upgrade anything else make him a better player So speed is paramount in these drafts. That's why the Rams went so low. I Don't run the ball. So um Todd girly. I don't know how we're gonna use him properly But I have the Rams and what they do is obviously everybody's assigned their team And for the free agents, you know, the free agent pool is going to be crazy There's going to be people in a free agent pool and you want to get in there right away Get some of the rookies that didn't get drafted some of the you know, the fast wire receivers That are so on and so forth. So we want to get in the free agent pool So what they do is they reverse the draft for a snake So if you had the last picking teams, you want to get the first pick and free agents So that being said, I had the 24th pick and I'll show you guys How that went as far as the free agents went. Um Let me see because let me see what this is on the facebook As far as the free agents because this was a big deal Because I had to grab a player that I'll show you guys what I what I grabbed with Emanuel hall was if I don't know who that is that was the first pick. I had the fourth pick Uh, Vilmo is the giants. He actually got Eric Berry The cross went with jalen myrick the fast corner that was on the jaguars. I grabbed tj green The one thing the rams didn't have was a user tj green on regs on Cfm is six three with 90 What's he got? I'll show you guys right now tj green is six three with 93 speed That's definitely just going to be a player that I use her. I mean 72 overall you see him right here tj green View player card. Let's take a look at him. Uh, here we go Uh, there he is tj green edited him. I put him put some black armbands on him I got the visor on him so on and so forth But this was my free agent pick because I needed a user I needed somebody to be able to run across the field Guard all these fast receivers and cfm and somebody with some height to go swat some passes and hopefully get some ballhawk picks That's why I grabbed tj green. So for me to be able to get a user as fast enough I'm going to put him in a secondary With um, I have eric weddle. We have a keep to leave marcus peters. We still have roby colman Who to me is ah But the even these guys, you know marcus peters and a key to leave are slow But they're solid definitely play a lot of zone that that's I mean you want to play a lot of zone That's what madden is I picked up Byron max. Well after everybody got their picks Um, everybody picked one free agent that it was open for everybody and the thing I did because I I would love wire receivers, but I knew everybody was going after wire receivers Everybody was trying to get the freezes. I just tried to sign as many db's as possible I couldn't go into the season with tolea peters Roby colman and eric weddle and john johnson. Like this is just a real slow secondary So I signed Byron max. Well, although he's slow. He's 89 speed. He's got a little height and he's got decent ratings Man, he's been in the league a long time. So he'd be my fourth corner not to have any speed But then I just signed pretty much every Safety there was with some decent speed. I obviously I picked tj green, but I signed steven terrell Hope you guys remember man 18 was the uh the 10 cap goon Don jones, I signed him 90 speed. I signed this guy marcus chromardi 91 speed And this rookie mantra meander. I don't know who mantra meander is But he's a blackface guy and and if you know anything about cfms, man Some of the best players are the no facers. We have this guy steven parker No facer meander the black noob cybot if you guys play mortal combat man noob cybot was a goon That's what mantra meander is six to 91 speed He's gonna probably go right next to tj green and linebacker Just to have that speed blitz and then just making plays for me Like I said, I have weddle but weddles 85 speed 5 11 Can't really hit like that. John johnson. I'm excited about He's a little bit slow, but he's got good ratings and he can actually hit So the second there I needed to grab those safeties So, uh, I'm definitely prepared for the season man I want to give you guys a run through of who actually is on my schedule There's some really good players in this cfm man. A lot of times we get in the cfm and you'll play I don't want to say bums, but you know, you guys are more cfm players. You're not really The top notch players so on and so forth and I will show you guys who my schedule is uh team schedule Obviously, this is the preseason regular season one go ahead. We're gonna play I don't know who killer whale is with the raiders But I know j bird if you guys watch any uh c4 or you know, you guys got no j bird He actually paid extra for the cardinals.  It's really a really good team So I have him in my division j bird. That's going to be a tough out with that good of a team Then I got to play team more former dallas cowboys club champion team or his back los angeles chargers He's going to have bolsa and ingram and those boys Then I got j wolf man if you got almost one minnesota club series, he lost a strafing I believe 12 to 7 so I have j wolf man has the vikings Then we go here. I don't know who a palippo is with the seahawks. I don't know box him with the Denver I believe the broncos guys were in commissioners So is the 49ers Uh, then I don't know who tbt hacks is with the packers Decroft I got to play decroft and week nine. He has the saints That's going to be a tough game Then I have uh, I don't know who has hersh got the chiefs, you know the chiefs are a great team on regs Uh, then we have a bi week and we have galaxy bg I know you guys have watched bg man. He's definitely on twitch and he's been a good player this year He's going to be a tough out as well in the nfc Semtex, I don't know who he is with the eagles once again j bird and then prime time again So that's what I have on my on my schedule. Now if you guys look man Clef is in this league clef has the buccaneers He's definitely going the nfc is pretty stacked right now. So you have clef Clef and decroft in the same division Then you also have if you come down here at jr. If you guys know jr. Uh, he got the falcons. He's pretty good bg with the bears, obviously um I can't really think about Vilma's on the giants. That's a tough out It's definitely a lot of good players in the nfc right now So i'm going to update this as the goals We should be done the preseason tonight get into the regular season But I said, I just have the um all I have is the rams right now the rams with tj green is my team Uh, like I said, it's not great. It's very slow. We are a very slow team Almost want to put if you guys watch me play. I use a tight in a running back a tight in a lot I might do that with girly. I don't or I might pound the ball. What am I really don't know? Uh, he says he's a scheme for for for this team. He's not really scheme to fit for my play style Which is rough, but we'll see. I definitely have this guy this rookie, uh, daryl henderson can uh spin 90 speed so we'll see what he can do But definitely want to feed girly to win some of these games in the nfc We've got cooks. I that's a big plus Brandon cooks. Robert woods is solid Cooper cup is super slow. I did sign this guy tae von smith 6292 speed uh two years. He was a free agent picked him up I'm going to try to work on making him get a little bit better, but cooper cup is still still a winner for me Tight end. I picked up a bunch. I picked up now's paul.  I mean, I still got brockers in there But the defense pretty much is a thousand percent is going to be mr. Aaron donald Aaron donald Uh, we still got honestly, there's a couple guys ecubon dante file. These dudes get after as far as rushing the passer, man They really do because they have speed ecubon 86 speed file or 85 speed We still have clay matthews. That was the ram's big offseason move was clay matthews Kind of super wash, but he still has hit power. I think he still has big hitter trait Going to make some plays for me, man But like I said, I picked up tj green tj green is going to be the bell winner for me He's going to be my user. He's going to make plays all over the field. So that's how my team is looking right now I will update this pretty much every game is going to get recorded Let me know below if you want a full game every time I play with this ram's team in this cfm You want a breakdown? You want a 10 minute game? Whatever you guys like best Like I said hit the like button comment. This is my cfm team. This is what we're bringing to the party ram's house


okay let's check out the LG OLED TV that that actually that tunnel right here is pretty amazing displays and they look like they're shaped but actually they're just all black ones and the demos that they are having are pretty pretty awesome carefully you'll be able to find some animals maybe you go to the side and everything's in 4k check it out with this 360 camera these guys in 4k I mean in 8k right now a moving 8k image that's awesome maybe it's the best display exhibit that I've seen and here they have the signature LG thing is the wallpaper and they say they can do the perfect HDR which has all the different types of HDR with all the vision HDR 10 and HLG Hybrid Log Gamma support HDR 10 and the PBC broadcasting in HDR the future of the HDR is right here supported it's great for watching Pavrinka I hope Pavrinka I hope he's getting better and coming back soon the tennis it's great for cinema and it's great for the games paper all that's just there is some kind of ballet doing the special dance gallery the art exhibit on the 4k displays that's pretty steam is this a TV no I thought it was a new LGE ink yeah it's 4k it's not 8k this one is the shape here it's moving it's it's actually active is this in the market it's really cool let's continue now we can maybe go and check out the nano cell line which is the marketing term for LG's all these other ones are OLEDs and this is the LCD so it has advanced color LCD technology they say it goes down to 1 nanometer some kind of contrast stuff I think so I don't know if that's comparable with the quantum dots or I'm not really sure but it's the latest LCD nano cell display by LG it also looks really pretty awesome you don't need much data do you so it has a rich color you don't mention QLED you don't mention quantum dots maybe it has some quantum dots these guys coming to the ifa there it is the latest displays at the ifa nano cell and the latest OLED


Hello all, in this video I am going to show how can we change the reference styles in the new mainly reference manager software. Here it is present as the Vancouver styling in brackets, how to change this Vancouver styling in brackets to superscript and also how to change any other type of references. So here it is, so we need to go to this citation style, we need to click on the citation style, we have selected the Vancouver style. So what mainly reference manager have done is they have given commonly used 10 reference styles here, so we can select any one of it for our usage. So this is the American Psychological Association 7th edition styling, so it has been updated based on that. So here we are going to see how to change the Vancouver in brackets to superscript. So we have Vancouver superscript present here, so we can go to that and click on update the citation style, then automatically with the Vancouver style the references will be changed from brackets to superscript. By default this Vancouver superscript may not be present, so how to do this is or when you want to do any other reference other than this 10 available reference style, then we need to go to select another style, we can click on any other style within Vancouver, if you have some different Vancouver style recommendation, for example, Cardiff University Vancouver is recommended, then you need to update this style, then automatically this reference style will be updated. Like this there are 7000 reference styles which you can search in that column here, if you want anything beyond this reference style, what you need to do is you need to go to Menli site, you need to have this CSL editor which is nothing but citation styles library editor, you need to go into this CSL editor, you need to edit this style and it is little difficult process, so but it is possible, if you are desperately needing reference according to your own style, then you need to follow this, this is the only way for your unique referencing style or if you want to make any reference style which is beyond the 7000 reference styles given here, then you need to follow this CSL editor which is available in the Menli reference, but most of the times, we will be getting our references within this 7000 reference styles, so we can search in click select another style and we can use this 7000 reference styles for our research to summarize, in order to change our reference style from Vancouver's in bracket to Vancouver in superscript, we need to go to the select another style, there we need to type Vancouver, there will be different Vancouver styles available, so there we need to select Vancouver in brackets, Vancouver in superscript, so if we click on this update citation style, all our citations will be updated from Vancouver brackets to Vancouver superscript, so likewise we can do any reference style, thanks for watching this video, if you like this video please share it to your friends, thank you very much.


Stem cell therapy is a rapidly developing field with great potential for treating various diseases. It involves the use of stem cells to replace or regenerate damaged or diseased tissues. Stem cells can be derived from embryos, adults, umbilical cord blood, and other sources. They have the ability to differentiate into specialized cells and can be used to treat a range of diseases such as diabetes, heart disease and cancer. However, there are still many challenges that need to be addressed before stem cell therapy can be widely adopted. These include the need for better quality control measures, the development of more efficient differentiation protocols, and the creation of safer delivery systems. Despite these challenges, stem cell therapy holds great promise for the future of medicine. This article was authored by Warchek Zokshevsky, Moche Dobrinsky, Maria Simonowicz, and others.