On this most important day in our nation's history, in Arguition Day, Cavalcade of America presents a special broadcast entitled, Bless this house, our star with Donald Kerry. The first occupant of the house, John Adams of Massachusetts, made a prayer upon his entrance at the port, and he wrote it out that night in a letter to his wife. He wrote, I pray heaven to restore the best of blessings on this house, and on all that shall hereafter inhabit it, may none but honest and wise men ever rule under this roof. It has never been called a palace, or a residency, its dwelling place.  A house like other houses. Number 1600, Pennsylvania Avenue, Northwest Washington, D.C. The architect of the house, Captain James Woban, was a marriageman. He drew to a degree upon his memories of a stately home built by the Dukes of Lent, near Don. The classic lines we have retained down through the years. But it was to a raw and new unfinished swamp, haunted by the consciousness giant of a glubbing that John Adams repaired toward the close of his term in 1800. His wife Abigail joined him in late November, and the end of November in Washington can be... Oh, so cold, John. It's so damp, so terribly damp. What would we have? I ordered burn in the fireplace to dry out the plaster before you came. The dampness comes from this confounded porous Virginia freestone in the walls. And John, do you know there's no place, no place at all to dry clothes? Well, surely we must wash clothes. You just have to make do somehow, Abbey. Oh, I manage. I've already decided to use the great audience chamber to hang our wash in. Good, good. It's not these small inconveniences that worry me. What is it, then? It's you, John. You never have I seen yourself disconsolate. So, so well be gone. And it's not the aid from the walls that makes you so. No, it's not. I suffer from a dampness of the soul. John, what a strange remark. Oh, I don't think I've ever known you to be sorry for yourself before. Enough of loud. I'm not sorry for myself. But I never ask for this thankless task. Abbey, listen to me. Not only have I not been able to get wood to these fireplaces on the commissioners, but from that stubborn hood of me would call Congress I can have nothing, nothing. And in what that every time? John. Yes, Abbey. We have one fire at least. Now stop facing up and down. It's quietly here while we can be worn. At least turn one side. All right, all right. Now listen to me. Do you remember when we were living in Brassel Street in Boston? When we were young before the war? I do indeed. But do you remember one special night when your friend Samuel Sewell came to call? He came in Tory power and glory to offer you a vibe to win you over to the side of the king's party against your patriot friends. And I refused. Not before you talked with me. We sat late at night at our bedroom window and we heard the watchman's call in the street below. I can almost hear it now. And I said, all is not well. A storm is brewing in Boston Town. A blow to put the stars out. The storm will try your strength, John, I said. But it will clear the air. After the storm, there'll be brighter stars ahead. I was right, John, then. And now that storm of revolution has tossed us up here at last to this strange, cold house. And there are new storms ahead. There are always storms. Always? I think that. They do that. Look, John, look through the window. What do you see? I see the night. Look again, John. It's a clear night. Clear night of stars. Adams' Mr. Jefferson, a widower, came to the house from Monticello where he would have preferred to stay. His hostess, when he needed one, which was seldom with this Spartan Democrat, was Dolly Madison, wife of his closest friend. Stayed occasions were few, but when they did occur, we are told the wines were magnificent. And on one notable occasion, the ingenious Mr. Jefferson outdid himself by inventing something very like baked Alaska. James Madison followed Thomas Jefferson into the house. Jefferson's friend, almost a son or a brother. And a glamorous dolly came into her own. You should spell her name by the way she did. P-O-L-L-C-Y. But with Jimmy and his lovely bride, there came to the house in June of 1812. Troopers and Marines came under Cotburn and Ross up from the river closer and closer to the house and to the president's wife. I am Dolly Madison. And I want to say to you, too, that I cut the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution into my father's and ran from the burning house. And it is not true that I hacked the steward forces of George Washington from his frame and carried it off with the British at my heels. But most of all, it is not true that Jimmy, my husband, was a coward and left me alone when the British came. He was with the troops at Bladiesburg where he should have been. I went to him when I caught him. And on the way, I looked back at Washington through the smoke and the lightning of the storm. And I saw the hike. The smoke blackened ruin, completely ruined. But the three stone walls were left and the house was rebuilt. Oh, yes, it was rebuilt. All the Virginian dynasty resumed with James Monroe and Virginia Cropright Monroe who got to the house their beautiful French furniture. John Quincy Adams, the learned Yankee, who treated White House guests who dispositions on poetry, music, painting, sculpture, all the old books say of rare excellence and untying interest from was brewing. A storm of boats this time. Boats and boaters out of the west, newly conscious of political power. Under Andrew Jackson, the old house would dance to a brand new tune. After his inauguration, old Hickory rode from the capital to the White House on horseback. And he was followed by a mob of his supporters, roughs and ready men and women from beyond the mountains. At the doors of the house, guards and ushers were overwhelmed. And into the stately heat room, the mob pushed its way to the long tables where cakes and ice cream and punch were laid out.  Reminds one of the days of the French Revolution. Quincy, look at that woman. That pervades woman. Why, she's actually wiping her hands with a window drape. And the chairs are much too small for these bears to sit on. Good heavens, they've broken that beautiful fence so far. Well, that's quieted things down a bit. My, my, the sort of thing you'd never do in Boston. Never do at all. I don't suppose it would, gentlemen. But I find it a rather pleasing spectacle, really. And here might you be, may I ask? My name is Andrew Jax. To trim is it is. Yes, I'm the one the fuss is for. But this is the people's house. Let's come and join. He served dinner service for the White House and lived to regret it for his last re-election because he was said to savor French sauces on golden spoon. There was much scaredy, much laughter down the ears. And usually there were children. Here in this house, young Tad and Willie Lincoln played with the two Tad boys from Cincinnati. And one day in 62, the four of them made a soldier doll out of rags and old clothes, and they called it Jack. Then they sentenced Jack, the soldier doll, to be shot at sunrise for sleeping on Central Jewel. A gardener brought the news to the president's study. And back to the poor, very small boys came a message. The doll, Jack, is pardoned by order of the president. A Lincoln has said that if the White House was haunted, it is not just by the shade of Abraham Lincoln, but many lonely men have walked these walls up and down, up and down, trying to make the right decisions. And if the doll, young Willie Lincoln, who was 11, went riding on his pony in a chilly rain, and in a matter of hours felt sick of a fever. There was a ball planned for the White House, and Mrs. Lincoln couldn't bring herself to call it off. All night, while the Marine Corps bands bled its music in the East Room, the parents took turns going up to see Willie. The boy lay here for a few days, and the footsteps echoed outside his bedroom door. Yes, Mrs. Eckley. Little boy. Little boy. Little boy. Little boy. He's dead, Mrs. Eckley. Yes, very, very soon. It's the Secretary of War, Mr. Stanton, sir. He wants you to join him at the telegraph office at once. The dispatch from General McClellan. Tell Mr. Stanton to... Tell Mr. Stanton, I'll join him within the hour. First, I must see my son. Mrs. Eckley, would you... Would you help me, please?  A victory note. On its telegraph dispatch form, dated the 8th and 2nd, 1865, Mr. Lincoln's pen scrolls in haste and joy. It's at a general grant at Appomattox. Allow me to... ...attend you and all of you. The nation's great food banks. At your kind suggestion, I think I will visit you tomorrow. Plenty of fun. It was the beautiful Mrs. Polk who put in Gaslight. But at the first date reception, the gas supply failed. All that had been lost had not been for Theropo's forethought. She had kept candles in the heat room's giant candelabra. No one was left completely in the dark, and the maritime was had by all of them. Mrs. Benjamin Harrison installed electric lights when she began her campaign to exterminate the notorious White House rat. The current, direct current, was installed by a young mechanic named Ike Hoover, who stayed on at the house for 42 years as Chief Usher. But it was Grover Cleveland who first brightened up the White House's worst white house wedding. The ceremony took place in the blue room. And when the bride, Miss Frank Flower Folsom, arrived. My fears, I wish you could see her in the bridal gown. It's a heavy, old, very heavy ivory satin with a high plain corsage, elbow sleeves, and a very long train. The bodice is bordered with a narrow band of orange flowers and leaves. And the train is at least four yards long. It's rounded ever so slightly rounded. She looks beautiful. The canonical evening suit of black. And it was this president, Grover Cleveland, who, in the depths of the panic of 1893, discovered that he was suffering from a cancer in the roof of his mouth. Rather than further disturb a country in the throes of depression, he put to sea with a team of surgeons and suffered half of his upper jaw to be removed in secrecy on Shepard. The secret was kept for 25 years. The White House is a place of terrible responsibility. And the sound of the White House is this sound. Wilson walked in the Lincoln study on an evening in the spring of 1917. Good evening, Colonel House. Good evening, Mr. President. Sir, I speak to your mind, my friend, always. Speak to your mind. I have heard that you have made up for your mind, sir. I have, Colonel. I shall ask Congress tomorrow to recognize that a state of war exists with Germany. What is your advice? Sir, you know that I support your aims to make nations as well as people's subjects to the moral law. That is my dream, yes. I intend to act in that direction tomorrow. I see you have objections. I scarcely know how to put them. I have spoken honestly with you in the past. You have, my good friend. Let me be utterly honest now. Mr. President, are you fit to conduct a war? I don't know. Of course you don't. You have too much time, too civilized, too intellectual, not to see the utter absurdity of force. To conduct a deepened vigorous, successful war, it means a man of course a fight. I know, I know, yet none of thought must be prepared to become men of action. My friend, let me read you a part of the message I shall deliver to Congress tomorrow. This is what I have written. It is a fearful thing to leave this great peaceful people into war, but the rage is more precious than peace. And we shall fight for the things we have always carried near as our heart. To such a task we can dedicate our lives and our fortune. Everything that we are and everything that we have, the pride of those who know that the day has come when America is trebly suspend her blood and her might or the principles that gave her birth and happiness and the peace which she has treasured. God helping her, she can do no other. The responsibility and penalty of power, like Teddy Roosevelt's young ones, exploring every nook and cranny of a mansion beginning to crumble under the weight of time. Of a mansion beginning to crumble under the weight of years. And the dogs, the white-out dogs, the earlier ones have no names, but most of it remember Mr. Harding's laddie boy and Mr. Coolidge's two colleagues, Rob Roy and Angela Grimm, and of course, the immortal, the ubiquitous Fala. Fala's master was too close to us for words without yesterday that the signal bells announced the president's approach to his office and was stood by the French windows leading out to the Colomade and watched him go by in his armless, cushionless, uncomfortable wheelchair pushed by his negro valid. When Fala came abreast of the wheelchair as it rolled along, the president would reach down and scratch the little dog's neck and we knew that whatever problems that they might bring, this man would find a wing to handle them. But the house was faltering in all its joints, slipping, side-wise and bottom-wise down into the old district swamp. Cluster crumbled, ceilings cracked, and Margaret Truman's piano threatened to descend into the basement kitchen. Presidents from Teddy Roosevelt Hall had noticed the trembling of the old timbers, rigid as they were by countless experiments and improvements. Finally, just yesterday, under Harry Truman, the house was built anew with everything of grace and charm preserved and kept, but with a new foundation of proud stability registered in steel. And today, under the eyes of all the world, the 34th chief executive has come to take his place in the home of presidents. In a time when the storm clouds gather again and with a warning more grim than the past has ever known, Dwight D. Eisenhower, survivor of many storms, and Victor, in the true faith for yours, takes up his enormous burden under a roof that has sheltered much greatness, much sorrow, much joy. America wishes him well. This genuine man with the habit of victory, for him, we re-echo the prayer of John Adams, the prayer carved over the fireplace in the state dining room of the White House. I pray, heaven, to bestow the best of blessings on this house and on all that shall hear after an advocate. May none but honest and wise men ever rule under this roof.


atchedele. So, good, let's say, morning afternoon whatever, but I'm really happy to talk and continues another small country. So it's small country, so I'm moving ahead. So I have to, first of all, want to make sure that you all know where it's going, is it small country here. Yes, because otherwise sometimes we are here, and sometimes here. This is three Baltic, small Baltic countries, See on 3-bolti, 3-bolti nüüd. Meie on nüüd, kui Finland on, kui meie on. Elskaja, meie on 1 medikale ünne üldust. Elskaja on kõige peale, ja CCR budget on 1 miljoon Euro. 1 miljoon Euro, ja peale on Elskaja. Ei ole edukasioon, ei ole kõige. Last viik, 1. janari, Eksum sikõnselt on rimbust kõige siste. Tee, et tehtavad tehe sehtab siitemuse, kui teha peab in janu, ja tõta teha peab siin, saame teha valida. Tee, et teherab teha kood. Päris, ja päris on 1500 per exom, ja teha korjuusid. Ühle ma peab kõige lõhge, peab 3. Tee, et selle teha peab exom. So what I'm talking is that medical genetics, this is a newborn screening, microwave, this is going on and you know sequencing most recently is all colored. But I'm going to talk about medical genomics and this is a common complex disease. So first of all, we started about 14 years ago, year 2000, biobanking laws was adopted in Estonia and we started a biobank. recipe. It took many years you know 2010 we had about 5% of性 adult people of Orleans above and canopy use this research. We were publishing a small place. We have a binding center as 40 people under a publishing 32 saltig p forest per year and now because we have this resource. And saw this copy and try and Ja meid on koht teem kui päramaktisjons, tehtisjons.  See on, see on, et me ei ole, me ei ole, me ei ole, Me ei see see põhreli kes, sain ei nii teed talud võist, kui see on kõige jõu sõtni põhreli, ma teed, et see on sõhvame põhreli, et see on ent, sõmvame teesending ja põhreli. Lõtest see on võimtida. Siis see on saab teid, sa enna mu loodavad pulla põhreli. Ma see teha, kui tuleb mele õtne, õtne õrvõi peal õrvõi. Näg mõtma Latvian, Litvianian, Poltan, Rusni, nori, Weston, Finn, Kuusama, üle õrvõi peal õrvõi peal õrvõi. õrvõi peal õrvõi. Mõtmule, et mõtmule õtne, on sellevastu õrgust, aga sellega läheb püüda või sellele juba see, et see on väga, et kui in Finland on. See on saab onnud järgi, kui ei meaastud. Kui ka, saab ka üle baabankast ja saab või osanud, see on seda ka juba iga, ah, mõtgub see on ka tehse, saab saab saab saab saab urmast, saab saab saab saab saab saab saab saab saab saab saab saab saab saab saab saab. Next thing, now we have a biobank, we can do research, we know a little bit already about the population and we know what is going on. Next thing, what is kind of needed in order to do genomic medicine for complex diseases, which is for the full population, we need e-health solutions and everybody has in our country so-called ID card. And as you see, we have active cards at 1.2 million and we have about 70,000 people don't still have this card for different reasons. And this is, now in addition to this one, we have also some mobile ID, so from my mobile phone I can do all what is needed. I can do bank transfer, I can go to my health records, whatever you can do, you can use a mobile ID also. So it tells you that in Australia we have all databases like here. So prescription database, all prescription are digital, all are recorded. So we have a national health information system, we have digital images on everybody and you can access this database from everywhere. So everything is connected with so-called X-road, which is a secure way to connect different databases and even things now actually took this over. And it's really shame to accept something from Estonia, but it's nothing to do because they have been doing it for so long and still couldn't do better. So we have a so-called national with a personal key infrastructure, which means that everyone can access and give a digital signature, which is legally binding using your phone or ID card. And what is good is that over 10 years nothing happened, no misuse. And people are very trustful and using this. Banks are closing offices because nobody is going to bank anymore. So this is a national patient portal, which everybody can access. And you know this is of course Estonian here, but this is my data. And here you can sign if you have accidents, you can donate your organs, so you can make an application here, vaccination, so on. Here we just would like to add one box, which is just genetic data. And I tell you how we are going to get this data. This is last side telling that by OSCD Estonians are really good putting health information into the internet. But what is missing is decision support, which is very small here. And this is almost every country, this is small. Because what we need is we need diagnostic support software, decision support software. So do we have enough information? So I don't have to explain, you know what it was, but combining several markers, I still believe that we can use this information in some use of way. So let's take this, all information here is coming from Biobank. We have a chat at all this, let's say type 2 diabetes patients here. And we have 20,000 arrays done. So we have no information. And you see that if you just plot the patients according to the genetic risk. So you see this certain number of patients have higher risk than others. And if you just take, it's more simple way. You see that actually genetic, of course BMI is important. But genetic information is also important. You see how much risk is increasing if you have a high genetic risk, let's say top 20%. So I guess this is the most telling figure. So if you are young, let's say 25 or 30 and your BMI is 25. And you are not in the risk group.  And GP should do something. But they can't do because there are too many of them. And they have tons of other things to do also. So this type of analysis actually can restrict the number or they can focus. And if they focus for 20%, it's already probably a preventive measures kind of fruitful also. So if you are young here and your high genetic risk, if your BMI goes up or you just keep it low, you get it here. So probably five times difference in this. And so if you're young, I tell you it's much easier to keep your BMI lower than to reduce it when you have it already 35 or close to 35 like I do. So I tell you, this is something useful what we can do. Okay, rock curves don't tell you much also because they are almost the same. But still better if you use a genetic information. But again, genetic information is known already day number one. So BMI is going when you're already going on. Because tolerance test is already too late. You already have a pre-disease. So this is now a slide I borrowed from Markus Borola. And you see if you just take the myocardial infarction. And usually they have certain numbers of 20% risk. So they will be treated like normal. But then the ones which below screen here, if you analyze these extra genetically, you still find out certain number of patients which can be treated. And according to the finished data which is coming from fin risk, so they can prevent 135 tests in 10 years. So per year is 13, but this is only for 100,000. In the story I have 1.2 million. So almost every third day somebody is dying from myocardial infarction because they are not tested. So these are not our data just after this is finished. So what I proposed to the government plan that how to use a resource what we have and the information from the biobank. And how to really use genetics in public health. As the law is telling you have to use information in order to improve the public health. So I thought let's do the biobank project first and sequence 5000 people in order to get also upload types and variants up to down to 0.1%. And then use this information to build a new array with Illumina. Let's say add 200,000 markers to the existing 700 snip chip and to everybody on the biobank. We know the information, else information on these people in biobank. We know all events what happened after they were recruited because we got all information back from the different databases including hospital databases. So we can actually analyze the data what we see from the arrays and what are actually the real clinical picture. And put everything into this heal system and positions GPS can use it or where. Can access your patients owns the data. In our country patients owns the data. And they can tell who can actually get access. Also can make access or research. So if this would be, of course, we discussed it through many organizations including the Parliamental Social Committee. But then we decided let's do the pilot first and put everything into the health and people using. And then main brushing would go and we offer this test for everybody 35 to 65. And we did a survey and about 75 to 80% would like to have it. And so we have like 500,000 people in the database who is in e-health database of this only database. And basically we have genotypes, we have a family structure and we have prescription database, we are images. And it's updated daily, basically howly. And so now can you imagine we have a database of a million people. You see somebody is getting drug and after one month is finds the same drug or actually after one week happened to be in hospital. And so on you can something, you can see like from the airplane on the town you can actually follow the system. This can be used I guess both way for research and also for the real prediction. So type 2 diabetes or glaucoma, glaucoma is very easy. With few markers you can get the risk and just just send to the eye doctor same measure your eyeball pressure. We have 28,000 people blind because of glaucoma. So basically this is most important thing because we have only 10 medical geneticists in Sagantis, there is no way that we can offer genetic concern with everyone. So physicians and GP primary care provider have to learn a little bit more but basically we have to do everything. So chip analysis has to be in automated way in this software and when GP is opening the computer just have probably three lines. Glaucoma risk is high, go to eye doctor. Your barf are in risk is, barf are in metabolism very low. You just have to go into the, basically it has to go into the prescription database when doctors are prescribing, they see that they have to look for the dose and so on. Not so many things and not very complicated. When computer can land the plane 500 people in the fog. So computer can also help GP doing this decision. Okay, so basically what happens? We have a kind of circle and we just improve the database, learn or just make the database better or get better results and this is a circle that's already somebody was showing it before. I guess Dr. Rodden. So survey, a PC is actually interested in this and patients are actually the main trialers because patients are even more interested in this. So they would like to use it.  So they have to follow probably thousands of these pre-diabetic patients instead of doing some brain surgery and of course we don't have enough knowledge but we always learn and lots of things to do. But in small country like Estonia this can be a test set because we need one positive case, one positive example how things can work and this is one million people. I guess we can do it. So basically I guess also prerequisites are in place and the government decided basically to add some more educational part and of course some business part but this is mostly approved and we have to come up with more detailed plan by summer and in fall when EU new funding will be open we are ready to move on. So thank you very much. This is our early investment. That was very nice. Reed Pirats, we were talking amongst ourselves and I wanted to suggest to you that you market your electronic health record system to the rest of the world. My question has to do with the histogram of type 2 diabetes risk that you showed to the tail of high risk. How many of those individuals would be detected by family history alone? Do you have those data? No, I don't have it here and from the bar bank I mean history. I don't know the data now from my heart. It's a problem here is so I tell you what's the problem is. Now the problem is that 50% of kids are born a single parent. So further side is gone. This is one thing and basically I don't think that families are so good that we can really I believe that this is much better because half a family in many cases is gone. Yes? Yes, Mark Abramovits, Brussels. I understand the beautiful opportunity to have a nationwide database but I have a question about the Estonian gene chip that you devised with one million chips. I'd like to know how many of these are validated for clinical use. How do you intend to use them when you mention applications for the patients? We are going to validate to insert pilot phase. Mark Williams, Geisinger. A comment on the family history question that Reed brought up and then a question. The comment is that given the infrastructure that you've developed I think you have the opportunity to systematically collect family history and have that persist in your system which would allow actually linkage to develop over time so that you wouldn't necessarily have to rely each time on the patient in providing that information that could be actually systematically collected and updated as some have proposed not the least of which Dr. Ginsberg in the work that he's been doing. The question I had related to the clinical decision support which I think is elegant. What I wanted to know is do you have then a centralized clinical decision support group that when something is submitted that is approved, is that then automatically pushed out across the entire country or how is that adjudicated? There is a kind of task forces that have been discussed. It will be just one place and like sequencing, it will be in one place and we have a genetic testing this one place in hospital, in university hospital in small place. We don't have to divide everything by two. It's just one. But coming back to this family thing. Doctors are using family information all information what we can use today but the number, the percentage of type 2 diabetes is increasing. So why is not reducing instruments what we have? I believe that we need something additional in order to put the ceiling on this. And I tell you one more thing. If you just give this personal information to people so people are more likely to change the lifestyle than just put poster up and lose weight run more or eat whatever. So if you tell personally then it's different. And we did a survey, it's not yet published but Dr. Singh is published and it's interesting. Of course it's easy to put that box in a tick in the box but after one go to run but I still, they are also showing that people are willing to change something if they told personally.


introduction to Sylab. If there is a supply it will also use Sylab, not MATLAB. So we have three and a half hours. So what we have is I will give a talk and one more view of Sylab and some other work that we have been doing to support people to help people who want to migrate to Sylab. What help is available from our group that I want to explain. How you can interact with us, some resources that we have already created. These are the things that I would like to or free and open source software. The commercial software is expensive. Many of us in academic institutions may not realize that because you know for example all the students in IIT Bombay may have access to Sylab. It could be the same situation in your own colleges also. But what happens when they leave your college? What happens when the students graduate and go to the industry? Can they continue to do what they were doing in colleges? So I have some stories. There is a story from Italy. Let me start with that. The multinational company was raided once for the use of illegal software. Some inspectors came. They raided the one illegal copy of Microsoft Office. They found one illegal copy of Microsoft Office. So there was going to be a court case. They came up with an out of court settlement. What was the out of court settlement? That company should count the number of machines it had, number of machines, number of PCs. In Rome, in that building, in Rome, in Italy, in Europe, all over the world, count the total number of machines, multiply by per copy cost of Microsoft Office. So that had to be paid as damages if there had to be no court case. And the damages came to how much? It came to 20 million dollars. For having used one illegal copy of Microsoft Office, the damages came to 20 million dollars. That was the problem. Then I was teaching this, I think CS 672, I think, at IIT Bombay. There is a course called Embedded Systems taught by Professor Kavi Arya and Krithi Ramamritham. And I used to teach the controls part of it. And one year I was using, I was teaching Sylab. And I told people how I would use Sylab for data acquisition and control, real time data access. There were 25 students in the class, mainly MTech and PhD students in computer science. So I asked the students how many of them had used Sylab. In the class I asked, how many used Sylab? Out of the 25 students, only one raised his hand. So I scolded him, why did he use Sylab? Looks like everybody uses Matlab, why did he use Sylab? So his answer was he was working for an embedded systems company before joining for higher studies. After BE, he went and joined an embedded systems company. Rent a small office space, go and bid for projects, complete the project, supply it, get the money. So they typically do one or two projects at a time. If you look at the turnover, if they can survive that is good enough. So this fellow who joined IIT Bombay later wanted to use Matlab. He went and told his boss, please give me Matlab. His boss told him, a copy of Matlab would cost 2 crore, a copy of Matlab would cost 2 crore for the company. It is not 5 lakh, it is not 10,000 rupees, it is not 50,000 rupees, it is not few lakhs. It is 2 crore because the point is that along with the embedded systems, you also have to send the executable file. You have to produce the image, you have to compile it, you want to have rights to distribute as many as you want. So with all this, a copy of Matlab becomes very expensive. So his boss told him, you can use CE, you can use assembly, you can use whatever, but no Matlab, we cannot afford it. If you still insist on Matlab, please resign and go, we do not want you. We cannot afford it. In fact, I was telling the story to Mumbai University faculty members organized by, that meeting was organized by Professor Kavya Ria in the robotics group. I told the same story and he is a project manager then came to me. He told me that he had a similar story. He also had a small startup and they were coming up with a product that would help search videos based on emotions. So it required obviously, it required some single processing, Fourier transform, data mining and things like that and they gave their project to some faculty member in Pune and that person had done it. They gave the algorithm, that person finished. It was working beautifully. Then they found that in order to launch it, they needed some special license of Matlab because that faculty member had also used Matlab. And then he, this person, project manager of Professor Kavya Ria came and told me he then found out that it would cost 1.5 crore. So they apparently asked the faculty member, professor, please why did he use that, cost 1.5 crore, we do not have. So the professor apparently asked these guys, but you have venture funds 10 crore. 10 crores have been given to your company to, you know, why did you pay 1.5 crore out of that. So these guys said, sorry it is not for that, venture funds are not for that. So these guys then went about creating the whole thing, redoing the whole thing in some open source software, but before they could finish, Google came up with the same product. In fact, it was too late. They had to, in fact, close down the shop, they closed their company down and then he joined as a project manager in Kavya Ria's lab. So it is important for us to realize that when we go out, the facilities that we enjoy within the colleges, college premises are no longer available. If you want your students to be entrepreneurs, they should start using open source software. Some of the commercial software packages are extremely expensive and any illegal use will land them in lot of trouble. So that is why this slide is extremely important. One of the most important slides in my talk, there is no alternative to open source software, especially for small and medium scale enterprises and we would want many of our students to become entrepreneurs. So Sylab is a good substitute for MATLAB. It has about 95% compatibility. What is Sylab? It is free and open source software. It is easy to use and it has excellent computational environment, LIMPAC, ISPAC, LOPAC, same as MATLAB, but being open source, it can also have access to all open source software packages, some of which may not be ported to commercial software packages because the licensing of open source software may be such that you cannot use it in a commercial, provided your software is free, you can use it. So those software packages are not available in MATLAB, but available in Sylab. Sylab is created for mathematicians. For example, you can create a matrix, you can create a vector, have a matrix called A, have a vector called X, A star X. So you do not have to write for loop, you do not have to keep track of indices and so on. It belongs to MATLAB family. It belongs to MATLAB family, originally created by Professor Clee Muller, who had worked on LIMPAC and ISPAC projects. So here is the history of Sylab. Original MATLAB was created, original MATLAB, not the MATLAB that is available now. Original MATLAB was written in FORTRAN. It was available as open source software. In fact, when I was in the US, I myself had downloaded that and compiled it on my PCAT and ran it. Then the moment that idea came, two companies started, two products came, Matrix X and Control C. After they became very popular, then Professor Clee Muller said, hey, I made a mistake in releasing it as open source. He also resigned from University of Utah. He started his company, MathWorks, and then rewrote the entire MATLAB. But all these things came from the same original FORTRAN thing, FORTRAN which came out of an NSF project. It was funded by the government. It was available openly. Lot of people started using it. So Sylab is one of them. So Sylab is used extensively for linear algebra, simulation, control system design and so on. Other features, you can call programs written in FORTRAN C. It has good graphics capability. It has a very large installed base. Lot of algorithms implemented in interpreted languages as well. So sylab.org is a webpage and sylab.in is our website. We are supporting that sylab.in. How reliable is Sylab? First people will say, you might have heard people saying, oh, Sylab has a lot of bugs. It crashes. Don't use Sylab. Have you heard that? Has anybody told Sylab has bugs? Don't use it. So the answer is, so here is the talk given by Mr. T. Martin of CNES. Does anyone know what CNES is? CNES is a French acronym. It is equivalent of, CNES is an equivalent of ISRO. They launch Ariane rockets. We heard of Ariane rockets. Ariane rockets place many of our satellites. Our GSAT was placed by Ariane rockets. In fact, whenever we had problems with the US or their facilities were not available, always went to France. They always launched our satellites. Senior manager of CNES, Terry Martin talked about use of Sylab for space mission, space mission, space mission analysis and flight dynamics activities. In fact, it is now widely used in CNES, various engineering fields, telecommunication, RF analysis, navigation, attitude control system analysis, and dot, dot, dot, lots of. So this, if you just do Terry Martin and if you just say on the internet, you will come across this file. He gave this talk in the first-ever user conference on Sylab that was held in 2009 on July 1st in France and I was the chief guest and then I talked about the National Mission on Education through ICT in that conference. Then he gave this talk and I was chairing that session. At the end of the talk, I asked him, Mr. Martin, it looks like you are using Sylab for everything. Don't you use anything else? Don't you use anything else? So if CNES can launch their airy and rockets using analysis done through Sylab and place our satellites, so Sylab is very good. Don't even have any doubts. Don't even have any doubts. If somebody comes and says, Sylab doesn't work, please don't believe them. They have a vested interest. That is why they say that. Of course, MATLAB, IIT Bombay made an institute policy in the early 2000 that we would not buy MATLAB for campus-wide license. We still have a campus-wide license, but it is for Sylab version 6.0. You know that came many years ago. We have in fact decided not to buy. We use Sylab. Now I want to give a brief overview of Sylab. So that is all story of Sylab just to as an introductory kind of thing. Now I will show some uses of Sylab. It can be used as a simple calculator. So 4 plus 6 plus 6 plus 12, so 22. See that. So the way I have written this, created this file is my commands are in black. The answer given by Sylab is in blue. Can somebody see here? Only A and C are displayed. B is not a code. Can you say why? B has, after 6, I put a semicolon. So if you put a semicolon, it will not display. So if you say for example, A equals 4, it will display. But if I say A equals 5, semicolon, it will say 8-1 display. But if I want to see what it is, type A, it will say it is 5. So semicolon is used to regulate the output. So here are some commands. So what I have done is x is 1 by root 2, square root of 2 by 2, which is 0.707. And then arc sine x of, that is sine inverse of y is 0.785 radians. You multiply this by 180 divided by pi, you will get degrees. So pi is denoted by percent pi. Let us see that, percent pi is this. So for example, square root of 2, A sine square root of 2 divided by 2. So what will this be? This will be this. Multiply it by 180 divided by percent pi, 45 degrees. So you can do all this calculation very easily. How many people have used MATLAB here? So fine. About half the people have used MATLAB. So this one will give an idea of what Sylab is even for other people. Those of you who have used MATLAB, please bear with me because you will find this or at least you can compare everyone. How does it work in MATLAB? So percent pi is not there in MATLAB, you just have to say pi. There are some minor differences. So here what I have done is A equals 1 through 5. So I have created a vector 1 through 5 and I can also say something like B equals 1. 1 is to 2 is to 9. 1 to 9 in increments of 2. And then of course I can do something like C equals A B. It will append because this is how we do in mathematics. If you recall, Klimohler was a mathematician, numerical analyst. He said when I teach on the class, in the class I write in the board, I just write A star B. Why when I go to computer, I have to do a for loop and all that. Let me create the environment. That is how this MATLAB came out. Now what will this be? B of 1 is to 2 is to 5. What will this give? B of 1 is to 2 is to 5. What is 1 is to 2 is to 5? It will be 1, 3, 5. So what will this be? B of 1 to 5, what is that? To find out what it is, 1 is to 2 is to 5 is 1, 3, 5. What is B of this? B of 1, B of 3, B of 5. B of 1, 1 is to 3 is to 5. Is it okay? B is that, B of 1 is to 5, 2 is to 5. You can see that this is a, this is a, no. What I wanted to say is in Sylab, you require very few number of instructions. It is a, you know, in fact, I say often that Sylab is to C is like C is to assembly. If assembly language requires 100 lines, C would require 10 lines. If C requires 10 lines, Sylab would require only one line. High level language. Let us come back here. This is what I have. B of 1 is to 2 is to 5 and then B of 1, 0, 1. That is what this is. And then you can do things like A minus 2. So for example, A is this. What is meant by A minus 2 or A minus 1? A is a vector. Choose a number because mathematics people, when they write, what do they say? A minus 2 subtract 2 from every element where it knows. A star B, it will say inconsistent multiplication because A is this, B is this. So, but I can do things like A plus B I can say. So, it knows that if it is a vector. So, for example, A minus 2, it subtracted a scalar from every entry, but when I add 2 vectors, if the length is equal, if the operation is consistent, then it just go ahead and does that. Component wise. That star you can do. So, component wise, it will do.  Yeah, it is a dot product. It is not, I do not have to say dot product because I can do it for A dot slash B. It is not dot product. That means, do it element wise. In fact, I can say A raised to the power B dot raised to the power B. That means, take every element, raise it to the power B. So, it has nothing to do with dot product. So, 5 to the power 9 is 195 3125. So, that means all these operations are overloaded. They have vector to vector, vector scalar, scalar, scalar. So, it depends on the context. I have done some more multiplications. It has logical operators equal to less than, greater than, less than or equal to and so on. Look at this. A is 1 to 9. B is 9 minus A. I get A is something, B is something else. Do you follow that? First two lines are ok. These two are ok. Now, what does this command do? T f equals A equal equal B. The question is why is it not going up to 9? Actually, the width of the screen is too small.  Then, I ask this command T f equals A equal equal B. What is it going to do? What are we doing by A equal equal B? What are we doing? We are comparing two vectors. I am checking whether vector A is equal to vector B. What kind of answer is expected? It is a vector going to be compared. So, what it does is it does element wise comparison. So, in this case, what is the answer? All false. So, of course, you can do something like A greater than B. Where is A greater than B? From here onwards. From fifth onwards. From fifth onwards. Yeah, it will say how many false first? Four false. Four false. Four false. The last five will be true. By the way, in Sylab, the indexing starts from 1. If you have a vector A, you will start with A 1 because it turned out that at that time, most of the numerical computations were being implemented through FORTRAN. And in FORTRAN, the index starts with 1. C still had not become popular. If they had been using C, then they would have started with 0. Of course, most of this MATLAB even now uses the starting index as 1 even though it has been completely rewritten in C. So, this is something that you have to remember. So, this is 4 f's and 5 proofs. So, A is this, sorry, locate is, let me just see, find A greater than 2. So, you can actually do things like that. In fact, what I have done here is I have used this command called find. So, find of A greater than 2. That means, go to location, go to A, search everywhere and give me where this happens. So, it says it happens from index 345. Actually, this is not okay. Let us do the same thing for B. Let us do this for B, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9. Find B greater than, let me do 7. Just do it. It does not give 9. It gives the index. It tells you where it is. Then you can do this. B of find, that is right. B greater than 7. Find the index where this is greater. Go to that element and get that formula. That is also correct. You want to go back. It gives the indexes only where this is satisfied. It says from third onwards. That example was confusing because the element values also happened to be the same as index. So, that is why I did not want to use that example. A is greater than B. That is okay. If it is not equal, then it will not agree. It might say, it will give an error message. If it is a scalar, it will accept. If it is a scalar, it will accept. But if these are vectors of different lengths, it may not work. But look at this last line. How many lines of C code you would have written to do this? This is extremely important, for example, in image processing and so on, where you may want to detect an edge. Edge may be decided by some pattern. You can say that, find that pattern. Go and search. It also turns out that Sylab has been written for vector arithmetic. I want to explain to you. If you do vector arithmetic, it is lot faster compared to arithmetic. In which case, so for example, doing something like this is extremely nice. Not only should you do this, not only is it convenient, but it is also efficient. We will see that. You can take transpose. So, for example, here I have created a matrix. This is the way to create matrix. So, semicolon means go to the next line. 123 and then semicolon says go to the next line 456, semicolon 789. Then B, A of 3, 3 is 0. So, for example, we can do all of that. A equals 123456789. Then A of 3, 3 is equal to 0. When I press return, it will happen. What will happen if I put a semicolon? What will happen if I do not put a semicolon in return? That is the question. If I put a semicolon, it will not display. But if I do not put a semicolon, what will it show? You know, before that, what will it show? It will show the entire matrix. Even though you are putting only 3, 3, it will show the entire thing. So, now you see why semicolon is important. You may have a 10 by 10 things. You may be doing lot of calculation and then if you do not put a semicolon, it will display it every time. So, anyway, it displays that. You can calculate the determinant of that. You can calculate the eigenvalues. You can calculate the eigenvalues of this using this bad word spectrum. So, here is the eigenvalue. You can calculate the determinant. Sorry? You can do all of that. You can do all of that. Because it has, see, it uses the same library that MATLAB uses. In fact, the state of the art packages are doing eigenvalue calculations, computations, and then to solve linear equations. These are done by a software package called LAPAC. LAPAC is the state of the art. There is nothing better than that. LAPAC, L-A-P-A-C-K. It is also available as C code. It is also available as FORTRAN code. It is the best. SILAB uses that. SILAB uses that. Now, you can do all these things. Look at, look what I am doing now. B is equal to A of 3 colon minus 1 colon 1 comma 1 comma 1 is 2 3. What will this do? So, remember A is a matrix. It has two dimensions. You have x comma y or i comma j. So, the first one refers to the rows. The second one indicates columns, just as we do in mathematics. Remember, this is written by Clemoller, a mathematician, creator for mathematicians. So, rows comma columns. Columns A is 1 is 2 3. Take all columns, 1 is 2 3. But rows, it says, start from 3, decrement it one at a time, go all the way up to 1. So, what will it do? It will just give the rows in reverse. Let us do that. This is A. So, let us say B equals A of 3 colon minus 1 until 1 and then 1 is to 3. Let us do it for column also. Let us do for column, but let us do this. 1 is to 2 is to 3. What will it do? Let us not do that. Yeah, first see this. Just see if you can understand this. Let us understand this. So, what are we doing here? The rows, we start from third row. Remember, the first one is the third row of, third row. Then, colon minus 1 means increment by minus 1. In other words, it becomes 3 to 1. In fact, to see it even more clearly, let me just do this. 3 minus 2 to 1, third row and then the first row. Second row is skipped. You follow this? Similarly, now I can play around with the column also. So, I can say not 1 is to 3, but I can say 1 is to 2. It will give me first 2. So, Sylab is a high productivity software. In one line, you can mean a lot of things. That is why I say that Sylab is to see is 10 is to 1. They can express, highly expressive. Sometimes, it crashes. It does not matter. Restart. That will be the best thing to do, but I am not here to come and say, please switch over to Linux. I am not saying that. This is Linux. This is Linux. And I have it in Mac. Apple, unfortunately, it is not connecting. Otherwise, I would have shown it in my Apple. Of course, it runs on Windows. Alright. Now, these are all straightforward. It has random numbers. I told you about vector computation. So, let me show you that it is better to do vector computation in Sylab. In fact, we will do that, because I did this calculation somewhere else. So, there is a command called timer in Sylab. It tells you the current time. So, what we will do is, we will create A to be equal to 1s of 100,000 by 1. 100,000 by 1. That means, 1s means, first of all, what is 1s? 5 comma 1. 5 comma 1. So, if instead, if I say 1 comma 5, it will give me this. 1s means, you create matrix of 1s, all 1s. That is all it says. So, let us define A to be 100,000 comma 1 and remember to put semicolon. Otherwise, it will display all 100,000. This is A. I have created this. Then, we will do a calculation like this. For i equals, let me just see what the usage is. 1 colon 100,000, 100,000, B of i equals A of i plus A of, remember to put the semicolon. Then, I have put a for loop. I said 100,000, just do it. So, let it finish. Then, I will demonstrate the timer. So, you can see it took a lot of time. Then, let us say that anyway, we can do that again. Timer like this. Then, so in any case, let me do it once more. Of course, it is a random number, but let us do the following. C equals A plus A. It is the same thing. What is the difference between B and C? Are they same? So, what are we doing here? C is A plus A. What is B? B is also A plus A, but only thing is it was done in the loop. So, they are one and this. So, what we will do is, it gives some kind of watch. So, let us do it now like this. Timer. So, here of course, it says that this is of the order of 0.432. This is the order of 0.16. So, I can see that it is about one third of the speed, but I have seen much better speeds. Now, for example, I had done in the calculation that I did in my previous machine. I did this. First one came out to 0.31. So, what is this? So, I did the timer first, 0.02. Then I said for loop, but I had done only 10,000. Not 100,000 like we did now. I did the timer and I found answer to be 0.31. Then I said A plus A timer, 0.03. So, it came out to one-tenth the time. It required only one-tenth the time. So, you see this because of course, it looks like Sylab has kind of optimized. It says, hey, you already done this. I know the answer. I will not recompute it, which is an improvement. It is nice, but the idea is that you should try to use vector calculation. That is why I say that go for vector computation. One can go through the demos. In fact, in Sylab there is here. I think it is here. Sylab demonstration. So, for example, graphics 2D and 3D plots. Here it is. So, you can of course, do lots of calculations. Let me just see. Is that grid? I selected some subplot. So, you can see all of that. Actually, the source is available in some directory. If you can locate it, you can actually see the source also for this. Previous versions actually used to display the source, but somehow it does not happen. But you can see that there are lots of things, spreadsheet, parallel toolbox. So, when you have time, you can look at that. So, let me close this. I think that is all I wanted to say. So, comparing MATLAB and Sylab. Capability comparison. Hey, MATLAB has all these toolboxes. Sylab does not have. So, the thing that I would ask is, is this the correct question? Why? MATLAB has math works as 2000 employees. So, every month they will produce a 0.1 version. They will keep changing. It will keep changing. We will say, hey, something I have great. But what is on the flip side? Who pays the salaries for the 2000 people? Us. You. So, that is one. Whereas Sylab, although it has only 23 full time employees, there could be 100,000 users. Everybody could create, contribute and it could become lot richer. In fact, I have some examples to that. You can do hardware interfacing through FOSS, Sylab. In fact, we have teams working on this at IIT Bombay, but I am not going to talk about it. We are using this software called Comedy, Control and Measurement Device Interface. It is a, which is a Linux project. It has drivers for more than 400 A2D cards, digital IO cards and so on. I have written 150, but it is actually more than 400. We can call all of them from Sylab. And if the devices are not in Comedy, but you have C drivers, you can embed them. I will skip this. In fact, if you come to our lab, if you have time, Rupak here, where is Rupak? You can see Rupak. Rupak can actually show you, raise your hand. Rupak can demonstrate hardware interfacing of this single board heater system with Sylab. In case, if some of you are interested in taking one for you, if you have enough, we can even give some. Replacement for arcade that we are working on. Sage is a replacement for Mathematica. It is based on Python. One group is doing. Openform is replacement for Fluent. Now, I want to talk about two specific projects we have on Sylab providing support. One is lab migration project. Suppose you are using MATLAB in your labs, undergraduate lab, and you want to migrate to Sylab. You give us your problem statement. We will give you the Sylab code, so that from July itself, we can switch over to Sylab in your labs this semester itself, coming semester. Is that okay? This is a lab migration project. Some of the examples are IIT Bombay, Delhi University, Sastra University, Anna University, and there are many more universities that have come forward and requested us to give. It could be a DSP course, signal processing course. It could be a, yeah. Yes, that is what I said. Using GNU radio, we are working on that. If you are interested, please come and talk to me. Yeah. We will be more than delighted. We are working on lab view replacement also. So, for that, in fact, this is what I said. How many people use lab view here? Okay, there are about 7 or 8 people. So, for example, so Sylab for hardware interfacing, okay. This is one thing I said. Now GNU radio is an open source software. It uses C++ and Python. It can call open CV. It has nice graphic front end. It has sliders, etc. It allows change of parameters in real time. Some of these features are comparable to what lab view has, but it can call Sylab. GNU radio can call Sylab. GNU radio can call XCOS. XCOS is like Simulink, which comes with Sylab. So, it is very nice. And one of the problems when you use commercial software, for example, lab view, and you have some other proprietary software, they may not talk to each other. Lab view may allow Simulink connection now. It may not allow this action, access after some time. Or it might say that only some features of Simulink are accessible. For other features, I have comparable thing, better use mine because it is a proprietary thing. They would not, if somebody is threatening, they are not going to give connection to that. Whereas, when you have open source software, there was absolutely no problem. In fact, we had, we were using lab view for virtual labs. And at that time, lab view did not have associated script. Everything had to be done through block diagram. So, if you have two signals, you want to add the two signals, you have to put two blocks and an adder and take it out. So, my student said, you know, I want to write a Kalman filter. How do I do it using block diagram? It will take forever. So, she just talked to our students doing MTech in computer science.  Of course, if it worked, all right, she made Sylab to work with Java and to work in the virtual labs environment. In fact, that also Rupa can demonstrate. Now, in fact, he has implemented the whole thing in Python, right. If those of you are interested in using Sylab for hardware access, Rupa can demonstrate later. We have not come prepared for that, but it is, we have a working system in our lab. So, you can show both live direct connection and also virtual lab through internet. You can show both. Replacement for ARCAD, so that key CAD, NG SPICE, G schema and so on. We have work going on. So, lab migration project is this, where you have a lab that you are running in MATLAB. Because of that, you are not able to switch over to Sylab. Remember this way. So, somebody can always come and say, look, I have, I am doing my PhD thesis. I am doing PhD research. For that, I need this particular toolbox that is available only in MATLAB. Now, if I have to write the whole thing in Sylab, it will take me 6 months. My PhD will be postponed by 6 months. Please allow me to use MATLAB. So, we say great. That is fine. That is fine. That is a valid complaint. So, you might also have a company in which you are already, you already have license to MATLAB and some software is helping your product production. So, if MATLAB does not work, then you may lose one day's production, one month's production. You may lose a lot of money. Please do use MATLAB by all means. But please do not use, you know, do not say I am a PhD student. I am using MATLAB in my research. So, I insist that MATLAB be used in second year signals and systems. Do not say that. For solving optimization problem, for solving differential equations, for doing matrix calculations, signal processing, plotting, all of that, entire undergraduate level, entire postgraduate level, all plus work, MATLAB is more than enough. If you need it for your research and you need some toolbox, please do it. But please do not inflict MATLAB on the unsuspecting undergraduate students. Let them use MATLAB. It has all the things. There is everything. Is that clear? We are not saying that you must use MATLAB. You must use MATLAB. Do not use MATLAB ever. I am not saying that. So, you may have, you know, your research, you have to publish a paper. You have to do some urgent simulation. Conference deadline is due. Please do use MATLAB. But please do not say that. So, as a result, even the first year students should use MATLAB. Do not say that. If you do that, then you are happy. Everybody is happy. People can use MATLAB. Right? They can all contribute to MATLAB. Tomorrow, that same student can write the toolbox for you. The other one is the problem with open source software. There are two problems. Sorry, one problem. Good documents are missing. Lack of support. And hence, it gives a wrong impression about the quality. MATLAB has excellent support, help, books, manuals, all kinds of things. So, to address this, what we did was, we did something. I will skip the slides because it is going to take a lot of time. I will summarize it in a few words. A couple of minutes. We did a project called Textbook Companion. How many of you know about Textbook Companion? I will have Textbook Companion. There are some of you, because some of your students have created Textbook Companion. So, what we did was, we said, we want to create lots of documentation, especially for our classroom teaching. So, suppose I use signal processing book, let us say by-progress. I want to use Sylab for that. So, I said that, let me solve all the worked out examples by Sylab and make that code freely available to everybody. We did a pilot two years ago. I had six students. There was a student from NIT Trichy. There was a student from Bitranchi. There was a student from Shreematha Vaishnaw Devi University, Jammu. And then we had three of our own students. Each of the students converted one textbook. Converted means code all the examples, worked out examples in Sylab. Make sure the answer is the same, because the answer is given worked out example. We came up with the formula one student, one month, one book. One student, one month, one book. Now, we have more than 100 books. Students from all over the country have done. So, in fact, I ask, you know, electrical engineering, how many books are there? Good textbooks. 5,000? How many students do we have? How many students do we have? How many good students do we have? We have several thousand. We can finish them all in one month. So, if you give that, then you do not need. I mean, of course, it is useful to have great looking manuals. But if you can solve all your problems, worked out examples in all your courses using Sylab, then cannot you use Sylab? So, the textbook companion project in Sylab has worked extremely well. The other one is Spokane tutorial. Other documentation project is Spokane tutorial. And you are going to use Spokane tutorial after tea break to learn Sylab. But before that, we have our events team. Come. I am here with my colleagues Sharda and Arjun.  So, today what I will do is I will give you a glimpse of Spokane tutorial. Like what exactly we do and what we are looking for. So, I am sure you all have heard about Spokane tutorial. So, it is a big project. It is funded by MHRD. So, what we do is we conduct workshops. First workshop, which is free and open source software. We conducted in several colleges. So, when I say that we conduct a workshop, it is not that we physically go to each and every college. How can we conduct workshop? It is not that way. We do it remotely. Like we do it through video conferencing, through Skype. Like there are so many colleges that we have already done workshops in. You won't believe, but we have reached colleges in Jammu and Kashmir, as Sir said. We have also done some workshops in Missouri. So, our reach out is quite extensive. And as far as our project is concerned, we are very ambitious. And it is not that we just want to do workshops and workshops and workshops. See, we want you all to take it to your colleges as well. It shouldn't stop here. When I am saying this, when I am giving you all the information about our workshops, we want you to do workshops in your own college. We want it to be learned by all the students. Because the audience is large. See, I will just tell you what all workshops we are doing. I mean, you just got a lot of information about Sylab. So, besides Sylab, we also run workshops on Linux. Linux, Latex, Python, PHP and MySQL. Yes. Someone just said, yeah. Okay, great, great. So, you already, oh, that's great. We want you to, you know, make use of it. We want you to promote it, help us in promotion.  And when I say that we are working on this project, okay, and when I say that we are doing workshops, okay, it is just that we are showing you a way that this is how you can learn Sylab or this is how you can learn Linux. Okay, because it's all about self-learning. If you go through our CD, okay, our spoken tutorial CD, you can see that there are, it's a very easy way of learning, first of all. And there are step-by-step guidelines given. Okay, so all you have to do is you just have to go through, go through all the tutorials, okay, and the guidelines. And you won't need a tutor besides you. I mean, it is that easy.  Then why should you learn it through spoken tutorial? The beauty of our workshop is, you know, it is, you can learn it in a very easy way. It is very user-friendly.   So what I'll do is, I mean, today I'll just take you through one small presentation, okay, and that way you will understand, like what all we'll do in spoken tutorial. And as I said, you know, all you have to do is you just have to show your interest and we will take it from there. Okay, we will come to your workshop. We will do workshops. We'll come to your college and we'll do workshop. Yeah, yeah, it is very much there. Oh, which server are you talking about? It should be... Okay, then there might be some issue with the server. So there might be some problem with the server, but otherwise it's working well. So that's the beauty. I mean, it's not restricted to a particular stream or particular... See, I'll tell you, the workshops are, you know, the duration is only two hours, but it is not that you will learn everything in two hours. Okay, we just show you a way. Okay, you will just go through several tutorials. So it depends on the person. It depends on the participant. Okay, if he already knows the software or if he's like very, you know... Yes, yes, exactly. We have our tutorials in several languages, like Hindi, in the Marathi. Yes, yes, even that is given. See, when we conduct workshop, okay, it is done through Skype. Okay, so the only requirement is Skype connection. Yeah, even internet is not required.  That's it. See, when the workshop is conducted, like, suppose if you wish to have workshop in your college. Yes, so we can definitely do it, you know, between 10 to 5. And that time our people, our technical team would be there on Skype. So all you have to do is you don't need to create your Skype ID. What are you studying? Share it with us and we'll take it from there. Engineering, arts, science, management, or commerce. What next? You will go for a job or you will opt for higher studies. So, to get regretted in your job or to get admission in higher studies, what will you need? You'll have to clear college exams. You'll have to gain some experience in such an extra-curricular activity that will highlight your leadership qualities. And you'll need to acquire knowledge in some software. Get something extra. Would you like to learn some other software? Would you like to receive certificates from IIT Bombay? Would you like to gain experience in event management? So, we are here, this spoken tutorial team from IIT Bombay. We will let you know how to grab these extra achievements. Now, what are these extra achievements? Where are they? When to achieve them? And how? We will give you a training in software so that you can find jobs easily and get to know higher studies. Can you learn some software that is in the job market? Or any software that you don't need when you go for higher studies? Let me name some. Python is a programming software much easier than C++. It is used in 3D animation and gaming industry. YouTube, NASA, Yahoo, and so on. Linux is an operating system free to download and use. Almost virus-proof and free from all licensing issues. Ninety percent of the software computers run on Linux. PHP and MySQL is a complete package for web development. It is used for Facebook, Google, Wikipedia, and so on. LibreOffice is an office package similar to MS Office. It has all features of MS Office. It is one of the most honourable in countries like France, China, and Germany. It is supported for SMAs and in future in all GUI offices. Linux is a dark-setting software the exception for any person interested in publishing in journals and any technical writing. There are many templates including IEEE and excellent formatting facilities, computational software much similar to and uses all features of MATLAB. They are useful for engineers and academia. They encourage you to switch to force. You can learn them for free. You can get good jobs. This is a new article on benefits of force. I-force to download. It's free for use. No hassles of copyright or licensing. Yes, it will learn using spoken tutorials. Normal teacher force. We will teach you Linux. Let it sign up. PHP and MySQL. Now you will learn also these software through spoken tutorials. What is spoken tutorial? It is an audio-vision movie. It will make you learn from the basic level. Practice command, tools, assignments. You can learn software anytime, anywhere and at any speed. spoken tutorials is a unique way to learn. It has an audio component and a video component. You can learn at your own pace. It is like a learned teacher. You can pause, rewind and ratio the teacher. It's designed for a girl trying to learn as are being offered for free. This project is funded by MHID, Government of India. These workshops are held in individual college campuses. Generation of these workshops is only two hours. Online tests are conducted by IIT Bombay. IIT Bombay as part of these workshops. Here is the process. Get study material from IIT Bombay. Learn and practice some tutorials during tech workshop. Study rest of the tutorials using spoken tutorial after the workshop. Take a post-workshop test. Receive certificates. certificates are awarded to both the participants and the organizers. You can organize self-workshop in your college. Connect to IITB. You can be a self-workshop ambassador and conduct workshops in your college. A self-workshop manager and conduct many workshops in your college spanning single or multiple departments. A self-workshop promoter and conduct workshops and spread awareness in many colleges. You can also represent us in your college phase. These are some students from Sardar Patel Institute of Engineering Mumbai. These are some of the comments from people across the country. These are news articles and not published by IIT Bombay. They are published by faculty members of KS Institute of Engineering and Technology, Maharashtra. Please write to IIT Bombay spoken tutorial team for workshops in northern, eastern, western and central India conduct file. For workshops in Mumbai and Maharashtra, conduct for workshops in Gujarat, conduct for workshops in South India, conduct a short glimpse of what we do. If you have any questions feel free to ask. Thank you. Yeah. Sorry. See, what I'll do is I'll share our contact details with you all. And please write to us. We would love to do a workshop in your college because as I said before, we want you to take this to your college. We want you all to pass on this to your students. Students as well. Because as you all know, there are numerous benefits of force. So, we just want you to help us in promotion. So, thanks a lot. So, instead of my talking about spoken tutorials, I thought our team should do that. So, I conclude my talk here on open source software and SILab. Open source efforts are not only idealistic but also make economic and commercial sense. It has the potential to empower all Indian children to collaborate and make us a developed nation. IIT Bombay is working on several open source projects. We invite you to join us and also benefit by the fruits. Our project has been funded by NME ICT Government of India.


Ocean State Government has distributed 100,000 cocoa seedlings to about 1,000 farmers, including agrochemicals, hand spraying tools, limes and other farm inputs across the local government area of the state. Governor Boyega Oyetola, who also inaugurated the Ocean Broilers Outgrowers Production Scheme 3, says it will enhance the capacity of livestock production and turn around the fortunes of farmers in the state. Farmers in the age of the local government areas across the state get 1,500 cocoa seedlings as priority is given to producing local government areas of the state. Governor Adi Boyega Oyetola said the government's efforts are geared towards actualising its set objectives to reposition agriculture and make Oshun the food basket of the nation in general and southwest in particular. He adds that the initiative is designed to support farmers in cushioning the effect of the erratic weather that occurred last year, which resulted in prolonged drought and flooding in different parts of the state. It also aims at the systemic replacement of the existing old cocoa plantations under permanent crops, which improve eye-yielding varieties, which requires quick government intervention to ensure that Oshun becomes the largest cocoa producer in southwest Nigeria. Commissioner for Agriculture and Food Security, Dayo Adewale, assures that the state government will be supplying farmer's boards, day-old chicks and feeds so as to aid them in launching the scheme into respective domains. Adewale says the governor will also be visiting warehouses affected by flood as part of efforts to explore available means to support the affected farmers. The government has an initiative which is to increase pro-production in the state as we are all aware the cocoa house and the economic economy of the southwest dependent on cocoa was dependent on cocoa production in the past and which is what we are encouraging now. The beneficiaries lowered the administration for continuously prioritising agriculture to retain its position as the mainstay of the state's economy. When people are happy they want to continue to be happy so the government should be assured our association, we are behind the governor, you know, they've given us support and definitely we are also going to give them necessary support as well. The commissioner urges farmers in the state to support government in its efforts to revitalise the agricultural sector, particularly livestock production in Oshun state. Hello, hope you enjoyed the news. Please do subscribe to our YouTube channel and don't forget to hit the notification button so you get notified about fresh news updates.