Coming up on DTNS, a serious ransomware warning for hospitals, how voting tech works, and how not to get into arguments online. This is the Daily Tech News for Thursday, October 29, 2020 in Los Angeles. I'm Tom Merritt. From Oakland, California, I'm Justin Robert Young. And I'm the show's producer, Roger Chain. We do not have Sarah Lane on the show today. She got pulled away by a property management emergency, but she will be back with us tomorrow. If you're looking for earnings results, they're pretty good for Samsung and Spotify, but you can get all those on our shorter version, Daily Tech Headlines, dailytechheadlines.com. Let's start with a few tech things you should know. Excel has had the ability to use data types for the last few years, able to pull in things like real-time stock information in geographical locations as well as integrating with Wolfram Alpha. Microsoft has now announced that Excel will let users create their own custom data types. These data types can be pulled in from Microsoft's Power BI Business Analytics service or with Excel's Power Query, which can pull them in from databases and third-party services like Teradata and Facebook. If you buy a 5G-equipped Motorola Razr on Amazon, Amazon workers will open the box and unfold it before shipping it to you. In the product listing, Amazon says, in order to better protect the display, we have folded your Razr. It's safer, but may not look as elegant as we hoped. We apologize if you see fingerprints on your new device, but we assure you your Razr is brand new, and we didn't run around the office using it. Oh, actually, I added that last one. Sorry. But I think that would be a good addition. The Financial Times reports that the United States can sell smartphone chip components to Huawei as long as they are not being used for the 5G business. Huawei has been under the U.S. trade ban since last year, with the most recent restrictions banning Huawei from sourcing any hardware made with U.S. technologies. I find this highly undercovered right now. It's a very curious development. Security researchers found a critical vulnerability in Intel code that let them access a service mode in the chip called Red Unlock inside the independent core and discover the secret key used to encrypt updates to the firmware. Now, the vulnerability can't be used for remote hacks, but physical hackers, not like Olivia Newton-John, but like somebody who has physical access to the machine, might be able to use it to root a CPU or even maliciously attack the chip in what's called the evil-made attack. Many exploits would disappear on a reboot, so this isn't persistent, but the vulnerability would let security researchers analyze microcode patches for vulnerabilities, which they can't do right now. It's been patched, but chip firmware can always be rolled back, so expect that to happen. ByteDance, member them, announced its first consumer hardware product, the Dahle Smart Lamb. This offers a display and camera designed to let school children get remote help and monitoring from parents and tutors. This comes as ByteDance is making a larger push into the Chinese education market with its Dahle education unit. The Dahle lamp costs $119 and will be available in China. I guess a Dahle Lump joke is just not. Time for a vaccine update. There are 49 vaccines in clinical trials and 88 in preclinical animal trials. There are a total of 11 vaccines in phase three. That's the final phase before you approve a vaccine for general use. There are six vaccines in early or limited use. Five of those are also still in phase three. One of them is actually only in phase two. No vaccines are approved for general use right now and no phase three trials are currently paused as of the recording of this episode right now. The phase three trials being conducted are by, one, U.S. Moderna and the U.S. NIH. Two, Germany's BioNTech, New York's Pfizer, and China's Fosun Pharma. All working together. Three, Johnson & Johnson, Boston's Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. Four, U.K. Swedish company AstraZeneca and the University of Oxford. Five, Novavax. Six, India's Bharat Biotech, India's Bharat Biotech, Indian Council of Medical Research and the National Institute of Virology. And finally, the Murdoch Children's Research Institute in Australia. Those are the ones just in phase three. The ones that are in phase three and also approved for limited use are the Kansana Bio and China's Academy of Military Medical Sciences, approved for military use, Sinovac Biotech, approved for limited use in China, the Gamalaya Research Institute of Russia's Ministry of Health, limited use in Russia, China's Wuhan Institute of Biological Products, limited use in the United Arab Emirates, and China's Sinopharm, which is in limited use in the United Arab Emirates as well. All right, let's talk a little bit more about this hospital warning. Indeed, Tom. Security consultants tell Reuters that FBI and Homeland Security officials held a conference call with security experts and hospital administrators to discuss targeted ransomware attacks against health care facilities. Alon Liska, a threat intelligence analyst with Recorded Future, told Reuters six hospitals were targeted on the same day by the same actor. Officials warned hospitals to ensure backup systems work, to disconnect systems from the Internet when they can, and to avoid using personal email accounts. Attackers thought to have originated from Eastern Europe have used the Ryuk and TrickBot Trojans, Microsoft attempted to disrupt TrickBot earlier this month, but may not have succeeded. Yeah, this is a serious one. I tend to not want to exaggerate security threats. They happen all the time. They're usually not as bad as some of the headlines scream. This is a bad one. This is a coordinated attack on hospitals. Not, we talked about an attack in Germany that accidentally hit a hospital because an email was opened in the hospital environment that was meant to be opened in an academic environment. This is not that. This is malicious attackers going for hospitals because they know that's urgent right now and they think they have a better chance of getting them to pay the ransom if they do. You don't get the FBI and the DHS to sit down with independent security experts and hospital administrators unless there's something very serious going on. These are targets, like you mentioned, that are ripe for this kind of attack. And so what I would love, and I know we're preaching to the choir here, but sometimes you still got to hear the sermon so you can know how to tell your friends and family the exact same way to find the light. But this is reality now. The reality is that phishing attacks and clicking on malicious links are going to be the way that crime is defined going forward. And this is so advanced that anybody is able to do it. It's so cheap to do and you can do it largely anonymously, which means you are only going to see more and more of it. Yes, you can try and catch the bad guys, but there is no reason why everybody should not be brushing up on exactly the best tips to not infect your system no matter what. Yeah, absolutely. Officials weren't hospitals to ensure backup systems works. That's that's so they can recover if they get attacked. Disconnecting systems from the internet, that's to limit the surface area attack. If something's not connected to the internet, it doesn't get locked up by the ransomware. But the where you prevent the attack is don't use personal email accounts. Don't open attachments that you don't know for sure are safe. Don't be the person that spreads it. And that that is incredibly important. That's what Justin's talking about. Brush up on that hygiene. And in fact, all of us can help, especially if we have someone in our contact list that works at a health care facility. Yes, because if you accidentally open something, it may without your knowledge, send an email to your entire contact list that then gets them to open it, which then attacks their system. So all of us can contribute a little bit. And certainly if you work in a health care facility, you need to take this seriously. All right, I'm going to say this half jokingly. But the more I think about it, the more I think we should have it. We need a smoky the bear for malware links. Like we need an only you can prevent forest fires, right? Level thing because again, this isn't going away. And the only way that you can combat it is personal responsibility. I'm snubsy the hacker. All right, here's a fun one in April. Amanda Cadel sued Amazon on behalf of California residents for unfair competition and false advertising. This is about digital video. She claimed the company secretly reserves the right to end your access to digital movies and TV shows that you buy from Amazon Prime Video. So we're not talking about Prime Video, the streaming service. We're talking about when you buy a movie, you buy a TV show and you download it and you want to watch it. It's also available in the cloud, right? You do this on iTunes. You do this on Google. But with Amazon, she says they secretly can pull the rug out from you at any time. Well, Amazon filed in the court case Monday to dismiss the complaint arguing she has not been injured. Amazon wrote the complaint points vaguely to online commentary about this alleged potential harm, but does not identify any Prime Video purchase unavailable to plaintiff herself. In fact, all of the Prime Video content that the plaintiff has ever purchased remains available. And apparently she's perfect, just like a dozen or so things since she filed the case. And they don't go on to be specific about this has never happened. But they're basically saying this never happens. And you have to show harm to bring a case. She hasn't been harmed. She's not pointing to anybody else that's been harmed. So let's throw the case out. But they're not saying it isn't true. Amazon also contends this isn't a secret thing since the terms of service expressly state that purchasers obtain only a limited license to view video content and that purchased content may become unavailable due to provider license restriction or other reasons. So Amazon's other argument in the case is she knew it or she should have it was in the terms of service. Now, it'd be interesting if this the judge said, yeah, but the terms of service weren't clear to her or whatever. It could totally change terms of service law. But if it goes the way most of these go, it'll be like it was there for her to know the fact she didn't read. It's not our fault. So it's not a secret. Anyway, if you ever wondered if you own your content from Amazon. No, you do not. Amazon has said so in a court filing. You just have a limited license to it. So is this I mean, the number one, this is a great example of our shift from we buy physical media to now we stream or have digital distribution. And much of that initially was like, OK, I'm going to download a two gigabyte file and play it. And now it's so much easier to not deal with that storage and have it all streaming somewhere. Is this about a physical like what you have a physical download? It's not like they can stop you from playing it, right? Well, if it's got digital rights management on it, they can it can it can be set up to expire after a certain amount of time and say, like, I need to check in with the internet to be able to be to be played. So theoretically, yeah, there's ways around that. Some of those ways violate the DMCA. You know, I railed against DRM for more than a decade. I still think it's a horrible thing, but the world has moved on. Yeah, everybody streams now and nobody cares as much about ownership as they used to. Only we'd listen, Tom, if only. Time management coach Elizabeth Grace Saunders wrote an article for Wired called How to Stop Getting Into Pointless Arguments Online. Q Angel Music. She identifies several problems with online discussions, one of which are that there's no natural boundaries. Anyone in the world can argue with anyone else and you're not limited by space or time. This can make commenting into a habit because you feel a flood of adrenaline and dopamine when you win with a particularly staving retort. It doesn't matter whether you've convinced anybody and you can get that flood anytime you want. You should read the full article, but here are a few of the tips when you feel the urge to wade into an online argument. Number one, don't instead talk about it with people that you know, one-on-one or write your thoughts down yourself. Oh, I've argued that one a lot, which is like just write down your response, don't send it. And you already feel a little better getting it out of there. I would say for me, especially since largely the stuff that I would argue about are things that I do podcasts about, I yell at myself for being like, why am I giving this away for free? This is literally content that I can get fired up and talk about this for money. Number two, if you can't resist, post your thoughts and move on, turn off notifications, do not get drawn into the back and forth. Say your piece and leave it. It's much more persuasive that way anyway. Yeah, there's a lot of psychological studies about the fact that the back and forth actually drives the person away from your position. Just stating a thing and leaving it, not necessarily going to influence it, but it's more likely than continuing. It's also how winning arguments normally go in general. Like you just say your piece and leave. Number three, if you have to respond, make yourself wait. Don't respond in the heat of the moment when you see the first response, give yourself a cool down period. Yeah, like Warcraft. You should have a 30 second cool down. I actually believe this is also an advice that I give or gave to myself when I was dating or to friends who are in breakups that like, here's the rule, from here on out, every response time on a text message doubles. So if it took you two minutes last time, it's four minutes for the next one, eight minutes for the next one, and so on and so on until you're waiting a day before you send a thing. I think that's a great idea for an online argument as well. It's actually part of the retweet system from Twitter too, is like to make you stop and think a little longer, rather than just like angrily hitting the retweet. Number four, when you do respond, only respond to productive comments. No one's trying to get you angry or cause, or not the ones trying to get you angry or cause drama.  I will also say this, only retweet compliments. That's just a lifestyle choice and everybody should follow it. That's a good one. Number five, respond the way that you would want to be responded to with empathy and not attacks. You can even just write something neutral, like I hear you. The practitioner I see doing this the most is our mutual friend, Brian Brushwood, the sort of like, yeah, I understand you're angry, but that's cool. Like... Yeah, yeah, I would only, I would deviate away from I hear you because that has a bit of a loaded political kind of context to it. It can mean agreements too, yeah. A thing that I've also found is if something is baffling or you don't really get it, just I sometimes I just respond with a question mark just to see like, hey, can you make this clearer? Keep going? Yeah. Also, another thing, always respond with less words. No matter what, I don't care if they have two words, use one. Six, when you want to resist, but are finding it difficult, substitute another activity to responding, like going for a run, gardening or dueling or whatever hobby makes you feel like you're happy and not enraged. I think that is just a good unplug. Everybody could stand to unplug. If you find yourself getting angry on the internet, might be time to put down the internet for a little bit. Yeah. And I think the biggest thing is being aware that this is just a dopamine hit. This isn't real. Like once you're aware of that, you can resist it easier. Like, oh, this isn't important. It just feels important right now.  Oh, yeah, yeah. I ran my own message board in 1999. I learned almost all of this back then. Oh, my God.  Thanks to all those who participate in our subreddit. You can submit stories and vote on them at dailytechnewshow.reddit.com. CNET's Marguerite Reardon has an excellent ride up over at CNET.com on the technology used to count votes in U.S. elections. There are a few main types of vote counting across the United States. I, you know, I think this is interesting all year round, but it seems to be particularly interesting to people right now. So here are the few of the things that Marguerite talks about. The old lever-activated machine is still in use. More commonly, you'll see a paper ballot, which is fed into an optical scanner. And the other option is a touchscreen that will record the votes digitally. In most cases, a paper record is also printed for auditing the count. The totals from the precinct's machines are tabulated and reported to county officials. And this can happen in a few ways. The printed record and either a smart card or a thumb drive can be driven to the county officials. You just hop in the truck and take it over there. If it's a larger area, the totals might be phoned in and then you bring the records later. So you make sure they get the total and then you hop on over with the actual physical records. Or the totals could be entered over a secure internet connection and the records brought later. Large rural counties might do this. Sometimes this is the way state records are reported. And then mail-in ballots are usually confirmed separately because you have to go through a few more steps. You have to make sure it's valid. Look at the signature, make sure that that's an actual registered voter. Once you've confirmed that it's a valid mail-in ballot, then you feed it into the optical scanner. Provisional ballots are another one that she talks about where you come in in a place where you need ID, you forgot your ID or your eligibility was undetermined. They're like, well, we say mail-in ballots. So we have to make sure you didn't vote with that too. Those are later confirmed and if they're confirmed as valid, then they're counted. The county will send a preliminary vote count to the state in most cases. And sometimes they'll send that preliminary vote count to the media. And they may also post it on a public website. In fact, most counties do these days. The results are considered preliminary until the actual records are tallied again by election officials. These preliminary results are the ones that the media jumps on and calls elections before all the precincts are in, right? Then there's the idea of the preliminary account the next day, which is still not the official count. There are triple checks, a process called canvassing. Make sure that every ballot cast is accounted for. Make sure the number of ballots received matches the number of votes counted, basically checking for any possible errors. Now, in smaller cases, this may happen very quickly, could happen the same night, but if a process usually extends into late November, and depending on the situation can happen in December, not in like Al Gore type cases, just in a normal election year, it can extend into December to get the confirmed, like preliminary count seems right, but we went through and triple checked everything. You don't hear about it because it rarely changes those preliminary results. After that, a county board of elections certifies the election and generates an official vote count. That all has to be done by December 8th for presidential elections because December 14th is when the actual election takes place. The electors that are certified by the governor of a state go and cast their electoral college ballots. So that is all very, very good information and that is all important information for what will obviously be a very closely watched election for which things like this have kind of come up in the discourse. What I would like to do at this point is tell all of the DTNS listeners that have now heard that, here's how if you want to watch this election come in like a geek, right? If let's say you are disgusted by television discourse, you don't even like radio commentary on this, you literally just, you and whatever a beverage of choice just wanna sit, listen to music and follow this election the way that a reporter would, here's what you do. What you do is find and you can Google these, but swing counties throughout America. I'm just gonna read a few. One of them that I butchered the name on the Politics Politics Politics show, McComb County, Michigan. These are the suburbs of Detroit, Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania, LaZern Pennsylvania, LaCrosse County, Wisconsin. You can keep going with these, but what you wanna do is go there and find their county election boards. They all have websites. They were all last redesigned in 2003. They look like GeoCity sites. So you'll love it. It'll be like a trip back in time. And then you can watch as they surely edit the page itself to update the vote totals as they come in. This is what the engine of the networks are watching. They just have their own versions that are doing it that then process the information and feed it into the pretty talking heads. That is the best way to watch an election. If you can get that list of, these are the counties that are important in the states that are important in the electoral college vote. You can be looking at it like, I don't know, what do you think? Less than a dozen websites maybe. And know which way the election is going just as fast as they would on TV. Bookmark them now. They'll be easy to do. The websites sometimes go down. So you wanna make sure that you know exactly where they are before you start. Here's the other side. It helps to kind of know. So here's for example, Florida, as you alluded to with the 2000 election, very pivotal. It was one last in 2016 by point and change. You will know how well this is going for Joe Biden, for example, depending on the votes that come in through Miami-Dade County, Broward County and Palm Beach County. In fact, you could make the argument that in 2016, it was an underperformance by Hillary Clinton in Palm Beach County that might have turned the tide for her. That is where the bulk of the Democratic votes come in Florida. They're the Southeastern counties there. So if you know a little bit more about how states are won, which you really can't go wrong with cities need to turn out for Democrats and the suburbs need to turn out for Republicans in general, right? There are some examples where that's not the case. Then you will also be following this just as well and just as accurately as any news network. And all you need to do is look at old websites. This is made for the DTNS listenership. Is there an easy way to find out what those swing counties are? You can Google them. I mean, the other way that you can find them out is just Google Obama to Trump counties. So those were counties that did vote for Obama, then voted for Trump. Or if you want to go back even further, Obama to Romney or blah, blah, blah, you can, that's kind of the handy work for it. I just typed in swing counties and there's nine battleground states that Trump and Biden need to win. The 54 counties that could tip the election, the 10 counties that will decide the 2020 election. So yeah. It's easy to find. The harder thing to do is then just going county by county and saying like Kenosha County Board of Elections or County Election Supervisor, because they all have different names sometimes. Yeah. So maybe folks, if you want to get in our Discord and share some of those swing county websites that could help each other out in there as well. Yeah. And of course, if you don't want to do that, you can always watch me, twitch.tv slash Justin, our young on election night while I'll be doing that and providing whatever commentary I can on time. Honestly, it's probably the best way to do it, to be honest. Levi Stadium, where the San Francisco 49ers American football team plays is introducing the world's first 8K replay system. Before you go, roll my eyes, there might be some reality to wanting to do it this way. The stadium is using Astro Design 8K cameras. This is not about the display, this is about the cameras. They're capturing video, digitally mapping the field in order to be able to zoom in close on action without losing any detail. So the broadcasting, a 1080p feed to the stadium's 200 by 48 foot video boards and also to any television broadcasters that want to take advantage of it. But the cameras are able to capture video at 120 frames per second, 8K allowing slow motion video and freeze frame stills with literal or no motion blur. And because it's 8K, you can zoom in up to 400% without losing any detail at 1080. So if you want to see whether that foot was on the line, whether that ball was in his hands as he touches the end zone, you can do that in a much clearer way. And anybody who's watched sports knows, those millimeters sometimes is where these reviewed calls turn. And if we're gonna get even a little bit more sportsy on this, this could actually have a material impact on the game because it's often these video boards that coaches watch because they go quicker than whatever replay system they have on iPads or whatever Microsoft tablets they're using to see whether or not they should challenge to play or whether or not somebody was in and they should badger the ref on it. This could affect the way that games at least are coached. Right, and the referees that are reviewing calls will get the 8K feet as well. So they'll have more resolution to deal with as well. So yeah, if you've been wondering like 8K, what is it good for? Probably still not much in your home, to be honest, just for the average person sitting on their couch. But here's an example where it actually is useful for purposes that you may or may not think is useful, but it's certainly useful for those who do. Unless your home is the size of an open air stadium in Santa Clara. All right, folks. Or you want detailed replays of your flag football game. Exactly. Let's check out the mailbag. Jason wrote in and said, "'Hello, I listened to your show and love it' was listening to the segment on Loon Balloons. That's Alphabet's from a balloon internet service and wanted to share this photo that I took through my telescope. I live in Fenton, Michigan near Flint and saw a great object in the sky like a bright star. So I got my telescope out and realized it was a Loon balloon. Keep up the good work and thanks for the great content. A Loon balloon was going over Michigan and he caught it and it really does look like a UFO, doesn't it? Oh, yeah. Yeah, no, it is very eerie looking. That's the new weather balloon is. Oh, no, it was just a Loon balloon. Just a Loon balloon. Just 99 Loon balloons. Well, keep those emails coming. Feedback at DailyTechNewsShow.com. Big shout out to patrons at our master and grandmaster levels, including Johnny Hernandez, Tim Ashman and Tim Deputy. And of course, thank you, Justin, Robert Young. We're in bat country and you're keeping us all sane on politics, politics, politics. Thank you for that. Oh, we are doing our best and there are only a few days left. In fact, we're, I think, two episodes away. We're gonna do our regular episode that we do on Fridays and then we'll have another episode on Election Day. But of course, you can get not only a bonus episode today and a bonus episode Monday if you become a part of our Patreon. Take politicsseriously.com. I do have to say this. I know that there's a ton of DTNS listeners that have come over and given PX3 a try. Thank you guys so much as we get closer to this final climactic moment.  Hey, patrons, speaking of patrons, heads up, you get a special interview with my sister, the county clerk of Bond County, Illinois about the tech Bond County uses for counting the votes. If you wanna hear an actual county clerk talk about these touchscreens and the printed ballots and the scanners and the USB sticks, you can get that interview by becoming a patron right now at dailytechnewshow.com slash Patreon. We're live Monday through Friday, 4.30 p.m. Eastern, 2030 UTC. Find out more at dailytechnewshow.com slash live and we'll be back tomorrow with more DTNS. Talk to you then. This show is part of the Frog Pants Network. Get more at frogpants.com. Hope you have enjoyed this program.


Appalachian Wireless makes it easy and affordable to tech the halls, extended through Christmas Eve, get an iPhone 13, 128 gig for only a penny with trade-in, on a two-year contract on a mix-and-match or unlimited plan, plus no activation fee. We are you. We are Appalachian Wireless. Governor Andy Beshear signed a proclamation Thursday, declaring December 2nd through December 9th as Winter Weather Awareness Week. With winter quickly approaching, we spoke to Emergency Management Director, Ney Jackson, on how you can prepare to keep you and your family safe. Winter weather now, you say winter weather, but it's not what we always think about snow and sleet. Winter weather brings on a whole sundry of different weather. So it's as much anything about being prepared weather-wise around the calendar year because we could have black ice, you could have freezing drizzle, you could have bridges freezing, you can have snow, wind chill. We experienced the wind chill thing last year with sub-zero temperatures, so you have to be prepared for everything. Having a plan is the first thing, first and foremost for anything is have a plan and have a backup plan for each and every scenario. In addition to making a plan, having a backup heat source, shelf-stable food and water, a battery-powered radio, a carbon monoxide detector, and proper winter attire is also vital this winter season. Having things like a kit put together in your vehicle in case your vehicle breaks down, you've got a charger for your devices, you've got something to stay warm with, extra change of clothes, blankets, batteries for flashlights, those type of things. If you've got some canned food or something like that, that's something that's non-perishable. But the biggest thing is when folks are traveling is to make sure to let somebody, friends, family, loved ones know where you're going and when you expect to arrive. That way if there's something that comes arrived that they'll be able to have a general area of where you're at, where you're going to or from to be able to get in contact with you.


Hey, Psych2Goers, welcome back to our channel. We wanted to say a quick thank you for all the love that you've given us, because your ongoing support helps us make psychology and mental health more accessible to everyone. So, thanks again. Now, let's continue. Do you feel confident in yourself? Do you know what you're good at and what you're bad at? Even psychology experts know the benefits that come with being confident in yourself and your skills. The identity that your mind creates about yourself can be described in psychology as your ego, which is a translation for I or me in Latin. Though having confidence in yourself and your skillset is great, but being overconfident causes a swollen ego, or having what's called a big head. A large ego can get in the way of your personal and business relationships.  Here are six signs that your ego is controlling your life. Number one. You always have to be right. The ego is the identity that your mind creates about yourself, and it helps you to make decisions based on what you think is right or wrong. However, unhealthy egos only focus on self-interest and desire. This means you must be right about everything and tend to get enraged whenever someone says otherwise. This can be easily seen in conversations or discussions, and even when you're in the wrong, you prefer to cut the discussion off, so as to not admit that you are in the wrong. If you're dealing with this kind of problem of ego in your life, then people might find it difficult to maintain a relationship with you. Number two. You always want more. Do you struggle to feel satisfied with what you have? Do you keep wanting more and more things? It's normal to want to achieve success and have financial security and to yarn for the things that you really want. But a way to separate this from always wanting more is to ask yourself this question. Do you ever think that too much is never enough? Say your neighbor just got a sports car, and then now you feel compelled to purchase a better sports car than theirs to show that you're better than them. Always wanting more will control your life in an unsustainable way because you struggle to accept what's going on in the here and now. Number three. You only focus on yourself. If you have a large ego, you'll focus more on your needs and wants, even when it inconveniences others. This is because you naturally find yourself more interesting and important than other people. You might also resort to manipulative behavior in order to get what you want. A common example of this is when you're deciding on where to have lunch with your friends. Your friends agree to eat at McDonald's, but you would rather have lunch at Burger King. To get your friends on your side, you start saying terrible things about McDonald's to try and manipulate them into going to Burger King, even though everyone else was against your choice for lunch. Eventually, you might find that your friends and family start to steer clear of you because things always end in an argument that they'd rather avoid. Number four. You don't like it when other people succeed. Are you constantly comparing yourself to others? Do you feel incredibly self-important? When you have a bloated ego, you feel like you deserve more success than the others around you because you think your hard work trumps everybody else's. You might be left feeling frustrated when others get promoted at work or get awards at school. You feel that you deserved that promotion or should have received those awards instead because you are prone to jealousy over other people's success. This can harm your friendships and leave you feeling isolated. Number five. You set unrealistic goals. Do you set unrealistic goals for yourself just to show others that you are superior to them? Setting unrealistic goals for yourself is common behavior with an inflated ego due to the pride and extremely high expectations that you have for yourself. This puts additional pressure and stress on your shoulders and might cause you to push others away.  Say you are studying alone and then your dorm mates are being allowed next door talking and playing music. You angrily march over there and yell at them for being disruptive before going back to your studies.  You are constantly afraid of someone being better than you and live in fear of the day that others will see you fail to achieve your unrealistic goals. Number six. You lack empathy. According to power of positivity, if you suffer from an overly large ego, you can also be described as a narcissist. You might lack the ability to understand others' feelings and where they're coming from and are solely focused on your own self-interest. Examples of this type of narcissistic behavior are evident when you say things like, they deserve it because they didn't do anything to stop it. Whenever something bad happens to someone else.  If you want to learn more about narcissists, check out the link in the description. Did you recognize any of these signs of having a large ego in yourself? Having a large ego is different than simply being confident in your abilities. It's important to note the difference between being egotistical and being confident as well as the difference between always focusing on self-interest and self-care. Please like and share this video if it helped you and you think it could help someone else too. The studies and references used are listed in the description below. Don't forget to hit the subscribe button and notification bell icon to get notified whenever a site to go post a new video. Thank you for watching and we'll see you next time.


Hello, I'm Pam Halls, and I'm the curator at Cambridge Museum of Technology. Welcome to this Cambridge Museum of Technology webinar. Produced by volunteers during lockdown, while we are waiting for the main event to commence, there will be a short slideshow to introduce you to the museum and its work. Welcome to Cambridge Museum of Technology. We are based here at Cambridge's beautiful Victorian pumping station next to the River Cam. A short walk from the city centre, we celebrate local industries and technology, and the lives and achievements of people who worked in Cambridge Industries. Our collections range from these powerful 19th century engines to fine scientific instruments made in the 20th century. All of the objects on display made a real difference to people's lives. We aim to provide a fascinating experience for local people and also visitors to the city, allowing them to explore an often overlooked part of our local history. As well as looking at the past, we also look to the future. We hope that the site will inspire a new generation of engineers. The museum is nothing without a team of people that make it possible. We have three part-time employees backed up by almost 90 volunteers. Volunteers take on roles in all parts of the museum, from acting as trustees to caring for the collections to looking after the site and grounds. These people offer us a vast array of skills and experiences, allowing the museum to be a vibrant part of our community. We are always looking to add to this team and welcome people with all skills and from all backgrounds. As an independent museum, we are always seeking financial support. We have been particularly hit by almost three months of closure during the COVID-19 crisis. If you are able, please consider making a donation. My name is David Stubbings and I'm a chairman of Chesterton Local History Group. And I have put together this slide presentation and illustrated talk about Cambridge Street tramways. I have volunteered for the Cambridge Museum of Technology for about 15 years. And I find the museum a good mix of history, technology, practical work and meeting people. To give you an overview of Cambridge Horse Tramway, it opened 28th of October, 1880. And it closed 18th of February, 1914. Now who's good at mental arithmetic? I reckon it's 34 years. And it was the first public transport system in Cambridge. The route length, 2.67 miles, 4.3 kilometers. The track gauge was four feet or 1.2 meters. The depot where they kept the trams was the junction of East Road and Dover Street. An overview of my talk is, I shall tell you about Cambridge tramways. Then we're going to get into a time machine. Yes, time machines do exist. And then the final section of the talk, what remains of the tramways? And I have been reading up about the history, images. You can see there the various books that I've been consulting. Also, you will see images from Cambridgeshire Collection and the Internet, and various pictures that I've taken myself. What is a horse tram? And also, what is not a horse tram? This may be worthwhile explaining. A horse tram is a wooden box with seats in it. The wooden box is mounted on metal flanged wheels, the wheels very much like those on a railway. You can see an illustration of the flanged wheel there in the diagram. The wheels run on two rails laid in the road. The propulsion is pulled by a horse. So what power is this propulsion? I can confidently say the propulsion is one horsepower. A horse tram is not an electric tram. An electric tram is a metal and wood box with seats in it. Mounted on metal flanged wheels, the wheels run on two rails laid in the road. The propulsion is by electric motor. Power is collected from an overhead wire and returned via the rails. And the horsepower of this electric motor could be between 5 and 10 horsepower, depending on if it's on flat or hilly terrain. A steam tram is a steam powered vehicle running on rails in the road. So this is the steam powered vehicle. You could call it a railway locomotive. You can't see anything of the wheels and what have you, as you would on a railway locomotive. The Government Act allowing setting up steam tramways said that there was to be no distraction of other road users such as horses. So they had to cover up all the wheels and not push out too much smoke. Passengers travelled in a separate car running on the same rails. So this is basically a trailer car. A trolley bus, a metal box with seats in. It runs on pneumatic rubber tyres, so a smoother ride. The driver steers the bus. Propulsion is by electric motor. And power is collected from the overhead wires and returned to the wires. Note that there are two wires as the electric tram only had one overhead wire. So there are no need for rails in the road. A motor bus is a metal box with seats in. It runs on pneumatic rubber tyres. The driver steers the bus. Propulsion is by petrol engine. No need for rails in the road. Might be worth noting this early motor bus. It has stairs at the back seating on top and it's an open top bus. A horse bus is very similar to a stagecoach. It's a wooden box with seats in. It is mounted on wooden spoked wheels. The wheels run on the road. It is pulled by a horse or two. So why use a tram on rails which only goes where the rails does? Why not use a go anywhere horse bus? I think the answer is a smooth ride. The road surface is back in the 1880s. Not the smooth metal roads that we have today. Some roads would have been cobbled. But many roads would be the surface would be dirt. And not even in the wet weather, dry weather these wheels and horses whose would really churn up the surface of the dirt. But the rails in the road you get a smoother journey. There are trams today in various of the bigger cities. Here's a picture of the tram system in Edinburgh. This picture is also dominated by this big monument to Scott who was a Scottish writer and wrote the Waverly novel. What size is a horse tram? Answer about twice the size of a horse. This horse doesn't look in very great shape. I'll come back to that later on. You'll see why. So the length of a horse tram. 21 nearly 22 feet. That's 6.6 meters. Height wise. Nearly 11 feet in height. That's 3.2 meters. And the width. Six feet one inch just over six feet. That's 1.85 meters. To explain more about the driving of a tram. This is a single deck car. The tram car is bi-directional. That is the tram car was never turned round. No need to. It can be driven from either end. You can see the driver here. Here's the propulsion system. So the tram is going. In the upper diagram the tram is going to the left. And in the lower diagram the driver. The tram is going to the right. There is a brake handle at both ends. Arrowed here and you can see similarly here. And the driver is fairly often using that. So the driver has the brake handle to stop. And he has the reins of the horse to accelerate. Steering is by rails in the road. And in this single deck car you can see 18 people inside. Now presumably that may depend on the width of the people. A double deck car. What was sometimes done. You could take a single deck car and then add stairs at both ends. Here are the stairs. And there would be stairs at the other end as well. Seating on top. It's an open top. Seating for 22 people and 18 inside. On top the seating was often called garden seats. And the backrest was reversible. Here's an example of a garden seat. As used on the upper deck of a tram. The backrest is to the left in that picture. Here is the pivot. You can see the slot in the seat. And the tram gets to the end of the line. And the conductor moves the backrest to the other position. Where did the horse trams run in Cambridge? Here is an overview map of Cambridge. Here is the A14. Coloured red. Here is the M11. Coloured blue. And Addenbrook's hospital. Is there. It's on the south of Cambridge.  Came to Cambridge in 1845. Looking to a more detailed map now. Here is the railway station. Here is the River Cam. The blue line making its way through Cambridge. Here is the castle. And the university library. With this tall tower. Now bear in mind the railway. Here is on the outskirts of Cambridge. Well, when the railway was built. The university had enough. Say to. Direct that the railway was put on the outskirts of Cambridge. Went away from the university in the centre. Looking to a street map. Here is the. Railway station. And here. This red. Area is the centre of Cambridge, which I've enlarged here. King's College Chapel is here. Grace and Mary's Church. Is there. And Christ's College is there. The Cambridge Street tramways was. Divide. To take passengers from. Cambridge railway station. Into the centre of town. Or of course from the centre of town back to the railway station. Here is the railway station. The. Route that I have coloured red. That was the first route that opened. In October 1880. From the railway station. Well, I've got their railway stations plural. We think today of railway of Cambridge railway station singular. But in the early days of the railways there were. Four railway companies. Running their trains into Cambridge station. And they each wanted their own platform. And that was. Part of the business idea of the tramway. There were. Many trains arriving and departing at Cambridge station per day. That meant that hundreds of people. Came and went. At the railway station. Quite a number of those people would want to. Travel to and from the centre of Cambridge. So. First route that opened. Left from the railway station. 30 minute intervals. On the first day it carried 136 passengers. Not going to make much money out of that. So. Word got around. Next day it carried. 801. The next day word got around more. They basically carried an extra 1000 passengers. That's route one from the railway station to the. Post office terminus. Going through Hyde Park Corner. This is Hyde Park Corner as we know it today. The junction of Hills Road Lensfield Road. Regent Street and Gonville Place. And. Today the Roman Catholic Church of Our Lady and the English martyrs. Or Olem is obviously the dominant building. At that road junction. The church being a late Gothic revival church built between. 1885 and 1890. So when the street trams. Opened. That big church was not there. Why is it called Hyde Park Corner? I don't know. If anybody has any ideas or knowledge. Please let me know. Here is tram number four at the terminus. In St Andrews Street. On the right is Christ's College. Well that looks the same today. On the left. Is a shop. And then Grace and Andrews Church. This pinnacle here. That's the. Slope of the roof and that would be. The. The big window at the end of the church. This big. Turret here. On the top of Foster's Bank. And you can see there. That says Lipton's T. This is to tram number four. Waiting in the middle of the road. There's a bicycle. This is 1880 remember. Were there any motor vehicles in 1880. Basically no. Horse and carts. Yes. Tram number three turning from Hills Road. I think that. Faint spire there must be. Great. The Roman Catholic Church. Into Station Road. You see the lamp post there. A lot of us remember the war memorial in that location. But. In 1880. 1900. The war was still. In the future. There's a horse and cart. Looks like a refuse collection cart to me. You can see that this. Tram double deck tram is. Well. Loaded with people. Does the horse. Looks like it's been straining. No. Cambridge being. Basically flat. The horse has an easy job. Tram number two at the railway station. Terminus. So you could. Take a tram. Into town. Again plenty of people seated up top. Or if you had the money. You could take a taxi. And then.  Excuse me sir. I'm waiting for my cab. Would you mind getting out of the way. Route number two. Which I have. Coloured blue. Opened in. November 1880. From Hyde Park Corner. Where the big. Church is to. Market Hill. Terminus of Great St. Mary's or Market Hill. So the idea of. Route number two was to go through the university. Area. Of the town. As the red route is more the. Commercial. Area of the town. Tram number eight at the railway station terminus. Left is a taxi. A motor vehicle. See. The wheels there. So presumably the date of this picture is. Perhaps 1910 ish. And the tramway. Staff have obviously posed. Here's the horse or obviously. The tram driver. I think this chap must be the conductor with his. With his money bag. And this chap. Maybe the. An inspector. I don't know. Senate House Hill. Taxi rank. More handsome cabs. This is the Senate House. And this is. Gonville and keys. And you can see the. Tram tracks in the road. And. And the exhaust from the propulsion system. Tram number five at the terminus in Market Hill. By GSM. Great St. Mary's. But where is the hill you say. We've just had Senate House Hill. This is Market Hill. And by the Guild Hall there. That's not the Guild Hall that's there today. Agreed. That is the old Guild Hall. The present Guild Hall was built in 1940. By the Guild Hall there is Pease Hill. I've heard the idea that if you understand. The word hill to mean. An area which can be used as a market. An area for selling. Then it makes more sense. And note this is a single deck car. The single deck cars were. Or only single deck cars were used on the. University route. Why. We probably all like traveling in. In the top of a double-decker bus today so we can. Look down and over walls and things. Perhaps the university didn't like that. This photo is. From the Tower of Holy Trinity Church. Holy Trinity Church is at the bottom of the picture as it were. This building here is Great St. Mary's. GSM. That's the old schools. The Senate House. We're looking at its side on. And here is a tram. At the. Terminus at Market Hill. There's a horse and cart there. And you can see that. They have. Tram lines there and there so they could. Park. The tram car there if they needed to. Apparently the. The bend there is a very sharp bend in the rails. And it was difficult to get the tram cars round. Route number three which I've coloured green. I get the idea this wasn't the passenger route. But he went to the tram depot. And this route was opened. 1881. From Hyde Park Corner to East Road. So that is the extent of the. Tramway network. The idea of it being to. Ferry passengers. From the railway station to various places in town. And then back to the railway station. The tram depot. 1884 East Road. Where the tram cars were kept overnight. Also serviced. That opened in 1881. Yeah. You say well. Since the tramways system opened in 1880. Where did they keep the trams until the tram depot. Was built. And the answer is. In the good yard at the railway station. How much did it cost to travel. On the trams. What we need to look at the history of money. Could be wise to start with. Decimal day in the United Kingdom. Decimal day in the United Kingdom was 15th February. 1971. Before then in old money. Pounds, shillings and pence. One pound was 20 shillings. One shilling was 12 pence. So they were 240 pence. Used. The symbol D was used to. Do you know a pence. 240 pence in the pound. Now of course we have 100 pence in the pound. So one shilling is 5p. So the timetable for 1884. From the post office. In town. 805 am then every 10 minutes. From Great St Mary's. 8am then every 20 minutes. The last tram. 9. 18pm and 9. 32pm from the station. It's a very exact time. Why? And the answer is those times were set to. Connect. With the arrival of the last trains of the day. There was no service on Sundays. Now today if we get on public transport. We expect to go to a bus stop. And the buses today will only. Pick up and sit down at the designated bus stops.  No fixed stops. And that probably contributed to the journey times. The trams being rather slow. Fairs in 1884. All the way from. Central town to the railway station. 2p. If you went halfway from Hyde Park Corner. It was 1p. The book of tickets. Of 1p tickets cost you one pounds. So sorry one shilling and sixpence. So I think that's 18p divided by. Constituent trial tickets that makes them more expensive. Well the next year I think they realized that and you got a book of 13. Tickets each valued. One pence and you got that for a shilling. They've also introduced season tickets and annual season ticket for. Three pounds 10 shillings that's three and a half pounds. And a half year and a three month. Tram car number six you can see the six on the front board there. The driver has his hands on the the brake and he rotates that. And the the shafting operates. Breaks on the wheels. Here's the accelerator the reins on the horse. Looks like a young man as the conductor you can see his money bag there. Now road maintenance tramway company versus the town council. So this represents the roadway here the tram tracks four feet apart. So the tramways responsibility was for the upkeep of the tramway. And up to 32 inches each side of it. And then the town council's responsibility was the rest of the road. The surface of the road could be granite sets. The blocks of stone very similar to the humps we have today. They could be cobbles or they could be wooden blocks. We'll see some of those later on. Now the tramway company. And the town council homes and hard and had a bit of a disagreement about who should maintain which bits of the road. And in the end it worked out that the tramway company paid the town council. 325 pounds per year for road maintenance. That's quite a bit of money. Quite a bit of money. A slow journey. So this is a postcard from the time poking fun at the horse tramways because they were so slow. You can see the conductor here. He's gone to sleep. Why were the tramways so slow? I mentioned that they picked up anywhere that would contribute to stopping and starting. Not that they're going in very fast anyway so it wasn't difficult to stop. I think another reason for these trams being slow was that there were a limited number of passing places. Only Hills Road was double track. So a tram coming from the railway station can go down Hills Road. Another tram can go up Hills Road to the railway station. When the tram gets to here, Lensfield Road, if there's a tram from Trumpington Street, it has to wait in the passing place until this tram has passed. So there's quite a bit of time hanging around in passing places. So hence the fun being poked at the Cambridge Street tramways because they were slow. Tram car number one, you can see the one on the front there. Another horse in the background there. So this looks like a single deck car that's been modified to have an upper deck. 1896 competition. The Cambridge Omnibus Company obtained a license to run eight horse omnibuses at a standard rate of 1p. Cambridge Street tramways purchased four horse buses and also ran them at 1p. Rivalry. Both companies ran their horse buses over the tram routes and other routes in Cambridge. There was not enough passengers and both companies suffered. This is a picture of one of the horse buses. The public called them bathing machines. What is a bathing machine you ask? Back in the 1880s and that era when it was not deemed polite to change from one set of clothes on the seashore into another, so your bathing costume. So people had these huts on wheels in which you could change a man and horse, then pulled the bathing machine into the water and you could go for your swim. So the public called this a bathing machine. It reminds me more of a horse drawn horse. 1900 there was an agreement. The Cambridge Omnibus Company withdrew their buses from the tram routes and Cambridge Street tramways withdrew their buses from the rest of the city. In 1902 the Omnibus Company went out of business. Tram number six, presumably is somewhere in 1900 plus, perhaps getting towards the end of the tramway. It's a better quality photo. The horse looks like a horse now and you can see the details of the great coat. It goes without saying there was no heating in the bus. 1906 again competition. This time from Cambridge Motor Bus Company looked rather scary. Later in 1906, Cambridge Corporation withdrew the license for the Motor Bus Company for a number of non-series but inconvenient accidents. Such as sweeping down lamp posts and also sweeping away shop warnings. And this is a humorous postcard depicting the Motor Bus Company. 1907 the Autona Motor Bus Company versus the Street Tramways. How to counteract the Motor Bus? 1909 a further tram car was purchased for £160 bringing the stock up to £8. This is a tram car number eight waiting near the railway station. And we have a view of the upstairs seating. 1912 for the horse trams profits were falling due to the competition from the Motor Buses. The tramways defaulted in its quarterly payment to the council for the upkeep of the roads. Next year 1913 the town clerk issued a writ against the tramways for the money is due for road upkeep. In 1914 a petition was filed for the compulsory winding up of the Cambridge Street tramway company. That's sad. The last day of the horse trams was Wednesday 18th February 1914. War was still a number of months in the future. The trams were crowded all day. Parents took their children on the trams so that the children as they went through their life they could say they rode on the Cambridge trams. All the effects were auctioned off 20th February 1914 at 12 noon at the tram depot in East Road. The effects were listed as eight tram cars being six double decked cars and two single decked cars. The tram cars were bought for between £7.15 shillings and £15. 24 draft horses fetched between 14 and a half guineas and 40 and a half guineas. The guinea is 21 shillings or £1 one shilling. And of course all the stuff to do with running a fleet of horses, sets of harnesses, blacksmiths, anvil and bellows for horse shoes, oak crushing mill, oil engine, presumably to drive the oak crusher, two corn bins, two chaff bins and so on. Buildings were not sold until May when they were used as a fish market. This is the only picture I've found of some of the Cambridge Street tramway staff. In the photo there are 19 people. It is recorded they employed 14 drivers, 14 conductors, three horsekeepers, a vet and several stable boys. That's a total of 34 or so. So presumably the 19 people in the picture here were those that were available when the photographer was available. And presumably this picture is in the tram depot. There's the change in floor structure from locks to smooth. What is it like to ride in a horse tram? What we need is a time machine. Here is a time machine and a toy castle. Where are we going? To Douglas. Douglas is the capital of the island man and trams run along the sea front promenade for 1.6 miles. The island man being famous for his TT races of course. Here is the harbour where the ferry docks. This lump of rock here has the tower of refuge built on it. That's the sandcastle looking building which has the very practical reason of being a refuge. And trams run from the harbour way up to the other end of the promenade. Now what do you say to a horse to get it to move? G-up! G-up! The chap in yellow, he's the sort of second staff member. Gives you okay to move. Driver releases the handbrake and the horse just walks on. Slightly downhill here you see the driver applying the brake slightly. This is a driver's eye view. Now what's this coming ahead? A horse tram going the other way. On the Douglas sea front, this is the War Memorial. When you get to the terminus, you unhitch the horse, move the propulsion system. The propulsion system moves itself with guidance to the other end of the tram.  My glamorous assistant will now demonstrate how the reversible seats work. A different design to the pivoting lever type. Returning going towards the harbour, the whole journey takes about 15-20 minutes. Passing a horse tram going the other way. So getting out of our time machine back in Cambridge. Does anything remain from Cambridge Street tramways? Yes, the tram shed, the physical building is still in East Road. It's now used as offices. The tram shed, the doors to the road used to be there. Now you can see that the design of this building and this building are basically the same. So I'm assuming that this building was to do with the tramways. But I've not been able to find out, yeah you'll know. If anyone has any information, please let me know. In the background there you can see tram depot. The horses were kept. Here is the tram depot. This is Dover Street. And you can see the pub sign, which depicts a white horse tram with two horses. In all the pictures we've seen, Cambridge tramway company used one horse. They did try using two horses for a short while, but it wasn't necessary. Cambridge is flat. One horse is quite powerful enough. You can see the various picnic benches for outside seating. And this area here, which is presumably a covered area for smokers, and they've designed it to look like a tram. A good idea. So Mary Street, or Market Hill, the tram track being lifted in 1927. You can see in the background there, Horton Cart. See a big wheel there. Note the number of workers. They're all using hand tools. Today, this sort of job, nobody would think of doing it without a digger of some sort. More tram rails were found. That is Gombel and Keys College. On this, just off the picture here, is Great St Mary's Church. And today, this is a paved pedestrian area. So about 1965, this area was redeveloped, as it were. And they found these tram rails. What to do with them? The tram rails are now at Cambridge Museum of Technology. You can see the rails here. Distance apart is four feet. These are the wooden blocks, which are between the rails and either side. The idea of wooden blocks being softer on the horse's feet, and it doesn't make so much noise either. You can see the tram rails there. This circular concrete thing, not to do with the tramway. This is to do with the sewage system. And this white column and box on top, that's a weather station. So that's not to do with the tramways. So if you want to see some remains of the tramway, do come along to Cambridge Museum of Technology. Now, in the Ipswich Transport Museum, there's also some remains of the Cambridge tramway system. This building, in the Ipswich, of course, that house the electric trams. Still in the building there is the electrical switch gear that controlled the trams.  Also, a large employer in Ipswich was ransoms. We know them for doing lawn mowers, but they were also big business in agricultural equipment. In 2001, this tram car body was found in Ealy. It was being used as a cobbler's workshop attached to his bungalow. But then the bungalow changed hands and this was no longer needed. And after a bit of a checkered history, it arrived in the Ipswich Transport Museum and sat there for a while until they had capacity to restore it. So, from this rather derelict shell to this gleaming partly restored, partly made new, the upper deck is completely new because they're all gone. The stairs at each end, they've been completely remade. Because they were not there. Above the big windows and below the roof, you can see the clear story windows. Some trams had clear story windows and some didn't. And that was a clue to finding out the original number for this tram. You can see the adverts here, pH Allen and Sun, electrical lighting contractors. And in 1914, when the tram were closed, electric lighting contractors would still have been a new high-tech business. This is the interior of the restored tram. They reckoned you could see 18 people in there. They really have made a splendid job of restoring this. An interesting part of the design is the lighting. No electricity in those days, of course, but not in 1880 anyway. Gas lighting for street lights, yes. So you had an oil lamp at one at each end of the tram. That gave a little bit of light to the interior. And it gave a little bit of light for the driver. And other road users would have been able to see the tram. Oh, and they've also managed to restore a horse. All the seating is reconstructed based on one surviving seat at Cambridge Museum of Technology. In blue is one of the switch transport museum attendants. A view of the wheels and no original wheels survive. These are new builds, probably similar to the originals. The springs, they were one of the things that they had to change every now and again because they got noisy. So to recap, Cambridge Street Tramways opened in 1880. It was the first public transport system in Cambridge. Two routes connected the railway station with the centre of Cambridge. Tram depot was, and still is, on East Road. The Autona Motor Bus Company started business in 1907. The trams stopped running in 1914 after 34 years. I hope your travel on public transport will be more interesting. Thank you.


In this study, it was found that feeding a dog a high energy diet with more water resulted in greater weight gain than a low energy diet with less water. However, despite the higher calorie intake, the dogs did not become more active. This suggests that the extra calories may have been used for other purposes such as metabolic processes rather than physical activity. This article was authored by Janet E. Alexander, Alison Colia, and Penelope J. Morris.


The National Assembly should not override President Mohammad Buhari over the installment on the Electoral Act Amendment Bill. Former Chairman of INEC, Professor Tahiru Jagger, has cautioned, according to him since 2010, the country has not had any substantive improvement on electoral laws. In the 2021 electoral bills, there are a lot of substantive things. Jagger said on Sunday night during a Citizen's Town Hall meeting on electoral bill 2021, organized by Yeager Africa and Development Partners at the Center, event governor Abdulahi Suley of Nassirah state highlighted the position of governors saying they were not against direct primaries. Hello, hope you enjoyed the news. Please do subscribe to our YouTube channel and don't forget to hit the notification button so you get notified about fresh news updates.


Hello there! Yo, the new Obi-Wan Kenobi series got announced and I'm super excited, but you know what else I'm excited for?  So yes, Nike is sponsoring this video and they were kind enough to send me all of my top picks, items I was going to pick up anyways, whether they sponsored this video or not. So welcome back to my channel and let me show you all my Nike pickups and how I styled them. So these first two items are Nike's most desired sportswear items and that is Nike Tech Fleece. Tech Fleece is basically an upgraded version of your classic jogger sweats, hoodies, crew necks and all that. So I have the joggers and I'm currently rocking the crew necks. And man, these are super warm and comfortable, but the styling aspects of these items are elevated tenfold compared to your normal sweats and hoodies. The crew neck I currently have on is in the light bone colorway, so it's kind of cream, kind of white, more eggshell I would say. And it has subtle branding that's not too wild with the signature Tech Fleece sleeve pockets. This is a size large by the way, I want it to be cozy. And you could just tell that this is way more sporty than a normal crew neck, so it's easier to wear in more athleisure situations. You could work out in these or you could just incorporate it with your normal fits. And that's what makes Tech Fleece so awesome. The versatility is unmatched. So like the joggers, they are by far the best sweats that you can get in my opinion. I have this black one of course in a medium and the signature cut of these is more relaxed fitting in the thighs, but tapers nicely towards the ankle area. Giving this a unique cut instead of that super tight fitting stuff you normally see in regular athleisure. And it could be rocked with pretty much any aesthetic because of how it's cut. I know Air Force 1's and super tapered pants don't really look too weird, the proportions are kind of off, I've said that plenty of times. But because the thigh area is more relaxed fitting, I think it works. It balances the chunkiness of those kicks, but they always look great in runners of course. It also has your normal pockets with an additional zipper side pocket that can hold a ton of items. I like the subtle stitching around the thigh area which makes it stand out a little bit more and it's so easy to rock. I wore these two items together making for the ultimate clean athleisure look that I could go to the city in and still look pretty good. Definitely recommended ladies, if you pick this up for your mans, he's gonna appreciate that. Next up we have the Nike Blazers. This is a classic sneaker from all the way back when in the 70s that really hasn't changed too much of its look compared to the OG model. And it's a sneaker that not many people recommend as most people would probably say Air Force 1's first. But hot take here, hot take, I think these are better than Air Force 1's.  But these Blazers, they're slim fitting, think of them like Jordan 1's just way more slimmer and plenty of colorways. Like this blue swoosh right here, it's a nice subtle touch that I really appreciate. And like I said they have a ton of colorways so there's definitely gonna be an option for you. The best part about these sneakers is how it just leans into the vintage classic design with the exposed foam and the generic fonts in the back. It's dope, if you don't have one of these I do think you are missing out because it's a great switch up from your classic Jordan 1's and your Air Force 1's and they have become a new favorite that I plan on picking up more of. I styled these in a cozy street fit with cargo pants, a fleece jacket and a beanie. I feel like if you really lean into the street side of fashion these are gonna compliment that look like peanut butter and jelly. The next item I picked up was this Nike ACG Crewneck. This is in a maroon colorway with orange neon highlights and ink design right here. It's pretty nice and this thing happens to be waterproof. I did not even know that when I picked this up but yes it is weather resistant so you can take this out outdoors. It's mainly your shell jackets that are waterproof but a crewneck. Yo that's a definite plus. Plus this orange neon right here is a nice visual flare to your outfits and I got this in a size large and I should have went with a size medium. I was just too excited to order so I just went with everything large for the oversized look. This is meant to be oversized already so it already has a relaxed cut so I would say stay true to size with this. And I got this one specifically because of the pattern and color. I have so much clothes with plain colors, no graphics that I thought it would be a nice way to spruce up the wardrobe. There's ink splatter on the side pockets which are lined with a DWR coating to make it water repellent as well and a zipper pocket to keep small items in. I styled these with cargo pants, a hat and to balance that extra oversized look which was my fault I put on boots to increase my height making the crewneck not so bulky on me. Obviously this wouldn't be an issue if I ordered the right size but I'm gonna lean into it, okay? I'm gonna embrace the oversizedness. But yeah, if you guys pick this up just treat it like a normal crewneck and it so happens to be waterproof as well.  So if normal tote bags aren't your thing this could be a good alternative. And it also doubles up as a pretty sleek gym bag as well. What I love about it is there's no massive swoosh on the bag like some other duffel bags may have so it makes this quite easy to rock with a normal tech fit. There's two pockets on the outside, one under a flap and the other one is a black one with these patent leather feeling zippers. Looks pretty dope, holds plenty of stuff and inside there's plenty of storage and more side pockets and dividers. The best part about this item is that there's a detachable shoulder sling so you can rock it like any other messenger or sling bag or you could easily take it off and rock it like a normal tote bag. It's a great detail that's much appreciated, makes this even more versatile. And the shoulder strap does have Nike's branding but it's cut in half and it's still black as well so it is a lot more subtle and not too loud in your face. The whole thing is weatherproof so it's gonna keep your gear safe. I keep all my camera gear in here for shoots so it's gonna be weatherproof, waterproof, it's not gonna get damaged. I love this thing. And the last item I picked up was the Nike Pegasus Trail 2 with Gore-Tex. In my opinion this is probably the only running sneaker that you'll ever need. Its full length Nike React foam makes these great for running and training or just for everyday comfort. Of course because of the Gore-Tex that makes these waterproof but it's not gonna sacrifice any comfort. It feels like any normal runner. So you could easily take these hiking because of all that extra tread in the sole and if it gets messy you could definitely just rinse them off. And yeah the sole is a good 1.5 inch thick plus there's subtle stitching. The pull tab is pretty nice and these are easy to slip on. And they're stylish as well. The All Black makes this easy to rock with tech fits especially.  And those are my Nike pickups. Thank you Nike for sending these items over and thank you guys for real for making this happen. I couldn't have done that if you guys never watched the video so I'm super grateful and you guys mean a ton to me. I would have never thought back in 2017 when I started the channel in depth that I'd be sponsored by Nike. It was a pretty good feeling so I appreciate it guys. And there are links to all the items that I mentioned in the description down below. Those are affiliate links I just want to be transparent with you guys. So if you guys do make a purchase I do make a small commission which does go back to supporting the channel. And there's no extra cost to you guys. It's going to cost the same. So if you guys want to pick anything up check the links in the description. Go ahead and follow me on Instagram at flowerjohnytie and subscribe. Thank you guys.